Court Opinion

ID: 2782734
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-02-26 21:01:05.43503+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:28:24.503596
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION                                 FEB 26 2015

                                                                          MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

CHRIS VASQUEZ; ELIZARIO PEREZ,                   No. 13-55112

              Plaintiffs - Appellants,           D.C. No. 2:11-cv-03849-PSG-PJW

  v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES; LEROY
BACA, in his individual capacity;
ALFONSO ANDRADE, individual
capacity; JEFFREY RIVERA, individual
capacity; JASON SNYDER, individual
capacity; HERNAN NOEL DELGADO;
JUAN NAVARRO; JOSEPH
GONZALEZ; MAURICIO RODRIGUEZ,

              Defendants - Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Central District of California
                   Philip S. Gutierrez, District Judge, Presiding

                     Argued and Submitted February 10, 2015
                              Pasadena, California

Before: KOZINSKI, CHRISTEN, and HURWITZ, Circuit Judges.

        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
       Chris Vasquez and Elizario Perez sued several fellow Los Angeles County

Sheriff’s Department deputies, the County of Los Angeles, and the Sheriff of Los

Angeles County, asserting claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 and state law. Vasquez

and Perez appeal the summary judgments entered by the district court in favor of

the defendants and the denial of a motion to alter the judgment pursuant to Federal

Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e). We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and

affirm in part, vacate in part, and remand in part.

       1. A plaintiff asserting a § 1983 claim has the burden of proving that a

constitutional deprivation was “committed by a person acting under color of state

law.” Anderson v. Warner, 451 F.3d 1063, 1067 (9th Cir. 2006). The plaintiffs

failed to provide evidence that the individual deputies acted under color of state

law during an altercation at a holiday party at a private restaurant. Nor is there

evidence that the County placed the plaintiffs in affirmative danger. See Huffman

v. Cnty. of Los Angeles, 147 F.3d 1054, 1059–61 (9th Cir. 1998). Thus, the district

court properly granted summary judgment with respect to the § 1983 claims

against the deputies, the County of Los Angeles, and Sheriff Leroy Baca. Because

an excessive force claim under the Bane Act, Cal. Civ. Code § 52.1, also requires

state action, see Jones v. Kmart Corp., 949 P.2d 941, 943 (Cal. 1998), that claim

fails as well.

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      2. The district court also did not err in granting summary judgment with

respect to the assault and battery claim against the County. If the defendant

deputies acted within the scope of their employment during the altercation,

workers’ compensation is the plaintiffs’ exclusive remedy. See Fretland v. Cnty.

of Humboldt, 82 Cal. Rptr. 2d 359, 364–66 (Ct. App. 1999).

      3. The district court granted summary judgment on Vasquez’s California

Labor Code § 1102.5 whistleblower retaliation claim for failure to exhaust

administrative remedies. In light of California Labor Code § 244(a), which the

County suggests may have eliminated the requirement for exhaustion, we vacate

the summary judgment on this claim and remand to the district court to consider in

the first instance the effect, if any, of the statute on the § 1102.5 claim. On

remand, the district court may also consider the alternative grounds offered by the

County for dismissal of this claim.

      4. Denial of a Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e) motion is reviewed for

abuse of discretion. Int’l Rehabilitative Scis. Inc. v. Sebelius, 688 F.3d 994, 1000

(9th Cir. 2012). The plaintiffs’ motion was based on a report about jail violence.

The district court did not abuse its discretion in finding that the report contained no

evidence about whether the defendant deputies acted under color of law during the

altercation.

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AFFIRMED IN PART, VACATED IN PART, REMANDED IN PART.

Costs to Appellees.

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