Court Opinion

ID: 3493026
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-07-05 22:01:13.266965+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:14:50.809451
License: Public Domain

Plaintiff and defendant were candidates for the office of village president at the election held in the village of Ecorse on March 9, 1936. Defendant Voisine was a candidate to succeed himself. According to the return of the election inspectors, Voisine received a majority of one vote and was, therefore, declared elected. Plaintiff Hawkins demanded a recount which was accordingly held by the board of canvassers, resulting in a majority of 10 votes for defendant Voisine. Thereafter, on April 25, 1936, plaintiff instituted proceedings in the nature of quo warranto to try title to the office, *Page 359 
and on March 17, 1937, the circuit court found that the election had resulted in a tie between plaintiff and defendant. The court ordered that the result be determined by the canvassers by drawing lots under provisions of 1 Comp. Laws 1929, § 3192 (Stat. Ann. § 6.481). The judgment of the circuit court was appealed to the Supreme Court by defendant Voisine, and the judgment of the trial court was affirmed. (Hawkins v.Voisine, 284 Mich. 181.) On May 3, 1938, at the drawing of lots plaintiff Hawkins won. The term of office had expired in the meantime — Voisine having held the same throughout and discharged the duties thereof. Plaintiff then filed suggestion of damages, pursuant to 3 Comp. Laws 1929, § 15278 (Stat. Ann. § 27.2322), asking for the salary for the full term of the office. On trial in the circuit court, judgment was entered in favor of plaintiff, and defendant appeals.
An official salary is not made dependent upon the amount of work done, but belongs to the office itself without regard to the personal service of the officer. People, ex rel. Benoit, v.Miller, 24 Mich. 458 (9 Am. Rep. 131). The fact that plaintiff Hawkins was not declared elected until after the term of office expired does not extinguish his right of salary attached to the office. An information to try the right to a public office will not be dismissed on the ground that the office has expired since the information was filed. To oust the incumbent is not the sole object of the proceeding, but may include the recovery of damages. People, ex rel. Speed, v. Hartwell, 12 Mich. 508
(86 Am. Dec. 70). The salary for the entire term belongs to the one who is declared elected, whether such election of the candidate is ascertained before or after the term expires.
The statute with reference to the suggestion of damages, 3 Comp. Laws 1929, § 15278 (Stat. Ann. *Page 360 
§ 27.2322), upon a judgment on an information to try title to public office is as follows:
"If judgment be rendered upon the right of the person so averred to be entitled, in favor of such person, he may, at any time within one year after the rendering of such judgment, make and file a suggestion, that he has sustained damages to a certain amount, by reason of the usurpation by the defendant, of the office from which such defendant has been evicted, and praying judgment therefor."
While it is true that plaintiff Hawkins was not entitled to hold office until after the drawing of lots, nevertheless, because he was thereafter found to be elected by virtue of the proceedings, he is entitled to the salary attached to the office, whether defendant's continuance therein was merely a holding over or not. The election was for a certain term, and whoever was finally declared elected was entitled to the salary for that entire term. We are of the opinion that the trial court gave a proper interpretation to the statute above quoted; and that defendant, in the sense of the statute, in this case, usurped the salary to which only the winner of the election was entitled and for which plaintiff has a valid claim.
With regard to the meaning of the term "evicted" as used in the statute, it is difficult to define eviction with technical accuracy, since it is used to denote that which it was formerly not intended to express. It properly applies only to realty and has been used to describe inability to get promised possession, 21 C. J. p. 1263; and, also, as deprivation of the possession of lands and tenements. 1 Bouvier's Law Dictionary (Rawles Rev.), p. 700. In the case before us, the term "evicted" is not used in its ordinary sense with regard to realty, but is applied to public office. In that sense, we are of the opinion that it *Page 361 
means a deprivation by one of the office, or of the salary attached thereto, to which another is, or may be, entitled.
Judgment affirmed, with costs to plaintiff.
BUSHNELL, C.J., and SHARPE, POTTER, and CHANDLER, JJ., concurred with McALLISTER, J.