Court Opinion

ID: 157673
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2010-08-14 05:04:42+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:05:39.700891
License: Public Domain

F I L E D
                                                                   United States Court of Appeals
                                                                           Tenth Circuit
                     UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                          MAR 16 1999
                            FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT
                                                                      PATRICK FISHER
                                                                               Clerk

    EDWARD E. LOHF,

                Plaintiff-Appellant,

    v.                                                   No. 98-3087
                                                    (D.C. No. 96-CV-4088)
    MARVIN RUNYON, Postmaster                              (D. Kan.)
    General, United States Postal Service;
    MOE BILLER, President, American
    Postal Workers Union,

                Defendants-Appellees.

                             ORDER AND JUDGMENT           *

Before BRORBY , EBEL , and LUCERO , Circuit Judges.

         After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

unanimously to grant the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral

*
      This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f) and 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is

therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.

       Plaintiff-Appellant Edward E. Lohf appeals from summary judgment

granted in favor of defendants. Our jurisdiction arises under 28 U.S.C. § 1291,

and we affirm.

       We review the grant of summary judgment        de novo , applying the legal

standards set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56(c).     See Roe v. Cheyenne

Mountain Conference Resort, Inc.     , 124 F.3d 1221, 1235 (10th Cir. 1997).

                                   I. Background facts

       Plaintiff requested compensatory damages, back and front pay, and benefits

against the United States Postal Service (USPS) and the American Postal Workers

Union (APWU). He claims that the USPS violated federal law and discriminated

against him when it placed him on restricted sick leave status on August 12, 1993

(which meant that plaintiff had to provide medical documentation whenever he

applied for sick leave). He also claims that the USPS discriminated against him

and violated federal law when it placed him on administrative leave on August 23,

1993, ordered him to attend a fitness-for-duty examination, required him to

participate in an inpatient program for veterans suffering from post-traumatic

stress disorder, and then terminated him in June 1995 for inability to perform the

duties for which he was hired. He requested punitive damages against the APWU

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for “intentional misrepresentation and abandonment of Plaintiff’s grievance

process, and abuse of his civil and veteran’s rights as a disabled combat veteran.”

First Amended Complaint, Appellant’s App. Vol. I at 19.

       It appears that plaintiff sought relief under the Postal Reorganization Act,

39 U.S.C. § 401; Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-

16(a); the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), 29 U.S.C. § 633a; the

Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974, 38 U.S.C. § 4214;

the Veterans Preference Act of 1944, 5 U.S.C. § 2108; the Federal Tort Claims

Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1346; the Civil Rights Act of 1871, 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3); the

Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 701; 39 U.S.C. § 1208 (concerning violation of

the parties’ collective bargaining agreement); the Civil Service Reform Act

(CSRA), 5 U.S.C. §§ 7101-7135; the merit systems principles codified at 5 U.S.C.

§ 2302; and the federal constitution.   See First Amended Complaint, Appellant’s

App. Vol. I at 1-3.

       The district court dismissed all of plaintiff’s claims on summary judgment

for various reasons. On appeal, plaintiff does not challenge the majority of the

court’s rulings and raises three issues. We must address plaintiff’s second claim

of error first because it resolves the issue of whether plaintiff failed to exhaust his

administrative remedies. The resolution of that issue governs whether plaintiff’s

claims of substantive error are reviewable.

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                        II. Exhaustion of administrative remedies

       It is undisputed that plaintiff filed only one claim of discrimination with the

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), in which he alleged that the

USPS discriminated against him when it placed him on restricted sick leave status

in early August 1993. “Exhaustion of administrative remedies is a prerequisite to

filing a Title VII action in federal court.”     Gulley v. Orr , 905 F.2d 1383, 1384

(10th Cir. 1990). Plaintiff asserts that the court erroneously concluded that

plaintiff’s EEOC claim alleging discriminatory placement on restricted medical

leave status was not reasonably related to his discrimination claims raised in

district court. We agree.

       If a claim, including new acts occurring during the pendency of charges

before the EEOC, is like or reasonably related to the allegations of an EEOC

charge in which a plaintiff has exhausted his administrative remedies, the

plaintiff’s suit on the new charges should not be dismissed for failure to exhaust

administrative remedies.      See Brown v. Hartshorne Pub. Sch. Dist. No. 1    , 864

F.2d 680, 682 (10th Cir. 1988). Although         Brown dealt with whether a claim for

retaliation was reasonably related to an existing EEOC charge, it cited       Brown v.

Continental Can Co. , 765 F.2d 810 (9th Cir. 1985), which held that an allegedly

discriminatory termination was an act reasonably related to an employee’s

previous allegedly discriminatory removal from a training program, such that the

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employee was not required to exhaust his administrative remedies as to the

termination in order to sue for that act when he sued for the discriminatory

removal.    See Brown , 765 F.2d at 813. In his statement of the case, submitted to

the EEOC on July 16, 1995, plaintiff alleged continuing violations after his

placement on restricted medical leave, stating that these acts were part of a plan

to illegally eliminate veterans.   See Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 229, 258. In      Loe

v. Heckler , 768 F.2d 409 (D.C. Cir. 1985) (also cited in    Brown , 864 F.2d at 682),

the court held that when an employee’s EEOC charge is supplemented with

correspondence that provides the agency with adequate notice of later allegedly

discriminatory acts, the EEOC charge is sufficient to satisfy the exhaustion of

remedy requirements for those later, related acts.      See Loe , 768 F.2d at 418.

       We have stated that the purpose of the exhaustion of remedies requirement

is two-fold: to give notice of the alleged violation to the charged party and to

give the EEOC an opportunity to conciliate the claim.       See Ingels v. Thiokol

Corp. , 42 F.3d 616, 625 (10th Cir. 1994). We hold that plaintiff’s claim that he

was terminated in violation of Title VII on the basis of age and disability is

reasonably related to his earlier claim that he was placed on restricted medical

leave in violation of Title VII on the basis of age and disability.

       This does not end the inquiry, however. The district court noted that

plaintiff received notice of the agency’s final decision on the restricted medical

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leave claim on January 20, 1996, but did not file his complaint in district court

until May 17, 1996, which is more than ninety days after receiving the decision.

See Order at 23; see also 29 C.F.R. § 1614.408(c) (requiring that suit be filed

within ninety days); Irwin v. Department of Veterans Affairs       , 498 U.S. 89 (1990)

(acknowledging that suits must be timely filed unless subject to equitable tolling).

Therefore, even though the claims are reasonably related, plaintiff’s failure to

timely file his suit in district court bars the action. Plaintiff has not stated any

facts that would equitably toll the statutory limitation period.    See Irwin , 498 U.S.

at 95.

                  III. Substantive claims under the Rehabilitation Act

         Plaintiff asserts what he perceives as an erroneous interpretation of the

USPS’s responsibilities to disabled employees under the Rehabilitation Act as

another claim of error. However, because plaintiff’s claims under this act were

foreclosed due to his failure to exhaust his administrative remedies, we will not

consider his allegations of substantive error.      See Khader v. Aspin , 1 F.3d 968,

971 & n.3 (10th Cir. 1993) (stating that exhaustion of administrative remedies is a

jurisdictional prerequisite to instituting Title VII or Rehabilitation Act actions in

federal court).

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                                   IV. Grievance claim

       Finally, plaintiff complains that “the step 3 agreement between the union

and the agency . . . deprived [plaintiff] of his appeal rights, violated his due

process rights as a preference eligible veteran to a hearing regarding termination

of employment, deprived him of disability retirement benefits, and breached the

union’s duty of fair representation.” Appellant’s Br. at 6. The district court

dismissed plaintiff’s claims regarding the grievance process because they were

time-barred by the applicable statute of limitations,    see Order at 12-15, because

plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies under the CSRA,           see id. at

32, and because plaintiff failed to appeal from the settlement agreement,          see id. at

30-32. Plaintiff does not address the bases of the court’s dismissal, arguing only

that because he was notified of the settlement agreement twelve days after the

thirty-day appeal date had expired, he was denied his appeal rights.        See

Appellant’s Br. at 7. Plaintiff does not cite this court to the record to support his

claim, nor does he claim that he ever attempted to appeal the agreement. The

district court stated that plaintiff received a copy of the agreement “no later than

November 11, 1995,” see Order at 9, but appellee Moe Biller points this court to

an affidavit by Jerry Streeter, which states that he took a copy of the entire union

grievance file, including the settlement agreement, to plaintiff’s house no later

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than October 27, 1995, see Appellant’s App. Vol. I at 155. Plaintiff’s argument is

without merit.

                       V. Appellee Biller’s request for review

      Although plaintiff did not appeal from the district court’s determination

that the APWU is not a covered entity under Title VII and the ADEA, appellee

Biller requests that this court affirm that determination. We decline to do so. We

will not reach out to create and then decide issues when an appealing party has

not appealed from an adverse ruling.   See Snell v. Tunnell , 920 F.2d 673, 676

(10th Cir. 1990).

      The judgment of the United States District Court for the District of Kansas

is AFFIRMED.

                                                    Entered for the Court

                                                    David M. Ebel
                                                    Circuit Judge

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