Court Opinion

ID: 1084150
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 21:34:21.394142+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:19:45.782675
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

                               AT KNOXVILLE                        FILED
                                                                   March 9, 2000
                            JANUARY 2000 SESSION
                                                                 Cecil Crowson, Jr.
                                                                Appellate Court Clerk

JERRY L. JOHNS,                )
                               )
             Appellant,        )    No. E1999-00260-CCA-R3-CD
                               )
                               )    Morgan County
v.                             )
                               )    Honorable E. Eugene Eblen, Judge
                               )
STATE OF TENNESSEE,            )    (Habeas corpus)
                               )
             Appellee.         )

For the Appellant:                  For the Appellee:
Joe H. Walker                       Michael E. Moore
District Public Defender            Solicitor General
        and                                 and
Bernard R. Sargent                  R. Stephen Jobe
Assistant Public Defender           Assistant Attorney General of Tennessee
Post Office Box 334                         and
Harriman, TN 37748-0334             Michael J. Fahey, II
                                    Assistant Attorney General of Tennessee
                                    425 Fifth Avenue North
                                    Nashville, TN 37243

OPINION FILED:____________________

AFFIRMED

Joseph M. Tipton
Judge

                                   OPINION
                 The petitioner, Jerry L. Johns, appeals as of right from the Morgan County

Criminal Court’s denial of habeas corpus relief. The petitioner is presently serving an

effective seventy-three-year sentence for his 1987 convictions for felonious assault with
intent to commit first degree murder resulting in bodily injury, aggravated kidnapping,

and armed robbery. This court affirmed the petitioner’s judgments of conviction on

appeal. State v. Jerry Leon Johns, No.1145, Knox County (Tenn. Crim. App. July 22,

1988). The petitioner contends that he is entitled to habeas corpus relief because the

convicting court lacked jurisdiction to impose any sentence for a Class X felony and

because the court minutes are unsigned. We affirm the trial court’s denial of habeas
corpus relief.

                 A petition for the writ of habeas corpus may be brought if the judgment is
void or the sentence has expired. Archer v. State, 851 S.W.2d 157, 164 (Tenn. 1993).

If the convicting court lacked jurisdiction or authority to render the judgment, then the

judgment is void. Dykes v. Compton, 978 S.W.2d 528, 529 (Tenn. 1998); Archer, 851

S.W.2d at 164. The petitioner was convicted in the Knox County Criminal Court for

offenses occurring in Knox County. “Original jurisdiction of criminal actions is

committed to the . . . criminal courts . . . .” Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-1-107. The trial court

obviously had jurisdiction over the subject matter of the petitioner’s case.

                 The petitioner contends that the trial court did not have jurisdiction or

authority to impose a sentence for a Class X felony because at the time of his

conviction, all Class X sentencing provisions had been repealed by the Tennessee
Reform Act of 1982 and the Comprehensive Correction Improvement Act of 1985. A

“sentence is void and illegal only if it is in direct contravention of a statute which is in

existence at the time the sentence was imposed.” Taylor v. State, 995 S.W.2d 78, 84-

85 (Tenn. 1999). The petitioner was convicted on March 5, 1987, and sentenced on

April 10, 1987. At the time of the petitioner’s convictions, aggravated kidnapping,

robbery by means of a deadly weapon, and assault with intent to commit murder

resulting in bodily injury were Class X felonies. Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-1-702 (repealed
1989).

                                                2
              The Tennessee Reform Act of 1982 stated that it governed the sentence,

release eligibility and manner of service of Class X felonies committed on or after July

1, 1982. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-112 (b)(1)-(2) (repealed 1989). The
Comprehensive Correction Improvement Act of 1985 applied the provisions of the

Tennessee Reform Act of 1982 regarding the release eligibility date, manner of service

and of release, and parole to defendants committing Class X felonies before July 1,
1982. Comprehensive Correction Improvement Act of 1985, ch. 5, §§ 7-8, 1985 Tenn.

Pub. Acts 22, 23. It also extended eligibility for sentence reduction credits to Class X

felons. Comprehensive Correction Improvement Act of 1985, ch. 5, § 12(c)(2)-(3), 1985
Tenn. Pub. Acts 22, 25. Thus, neither of these acts repealed the Class X classification.

They merely required sentencing for Class X felonies to be under the 1982 act. The

trial court sentenced the petitioner as a Range II, especially aggravated offender under
the 1982 act. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-107(8) (repealed 1989). The petitioner’s

sentences are legal and not subject to habeas corpus review.

              The petitioner also contends that the judgments are void because the

minute book entry setting forth his sentences is not signed by the trial court. The copy

of the minute entry attached to the habeas corpus petition concludes as follows:

              (S) GEORGE P. BALITSARIS
              GEORGE P. BALITSARIS, JUDGE
              DIVISION III
              CRIMINAL COURT

Tenn. Code Ann. § 16-1-106(a) provides:
              The minutes of the court for each day’s work shall be signed
              by the judge. The minute book shall provide a place for the
              judge’s signature after the minute entries each day; however,
              where the orders of the court are photocopied so that an
              accurate facsimile of the entire order and the judge’s signature
              appears, it shall be sufficient for the judge to sign at the end of
              the minute book approving all the minutes in the book.

In DuBoise v. State, 200 Tenn. 93, 96, 290 S.W.2d 646, 647 (1956), our supreme court

concluded that the statutory provision for the trial judge signing the minutes is directory

rather than mandatory and that the failure to sign the minutes does not invalidate a
judgment. See also State ex rel. Pierce v. Hardin, 163 Tenn. 471, 477, 43 S.W.2d 924,

925 (1931); Jackson v. Jackson, 3 Shannon’s Cases 18, 27 (1878).

                                              3
              The petitioner points to the supreme court’s observation in Howard v.

State, 217 Tenn. 556, 561, 399 S.W.2d 738, 740 (1966), that:

              With all due respect to what has heretofore been said by this
              Court on the subject now before us, we are constrained to the
              view that so important a judicial function as authenticating the
              minutes of a Court of Record is not permissibly to be either
              lightly treated or ignored. Any other rule appears to be fraught
              with so much of potential mistake, mischief, and even evil
              doing, as to demonstrate such to be impermissible.
We note, though, that Howard does not stand for the proposition that a failure to sign

the minutes renders a judgment void. Cf. Rogers Lamont McKinley v. State, No.

03C01-9308-CR-00255, Hamilton County, slip op. at 4 (Tenn. Crim. App. Aug. 17,
1994) (holding that the judge’s failure to sign the minutes is not a violation of a post-

conviction petitioner’s constitutional rights).

              Based upon the foregoing and the record as a whole, we affirm the trial

court’s denial of habeas corpus relief.

                                                      ________________________________
                                                      Joseph M. Tipton, Judge

CONCUR:

_______________________________
James Curwood W itt, Jr., Judge

_______________________________
Norma McGee Ogle, Judge

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