Court Opinion

ID: 2651368
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-01-28 18:16:20.268219+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:56:53.084184
License: Public Domain

FOR PUBLICATION

    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
         FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

 LOS ANGELES UNIFIED SCHOOL                       No. 10-55879
 DISTRICT,
                Plaintiff-Appellant,                D.C. No.
                                                 2:09-cv-09289-
                     v.                             VBF-CT

 MICHAEL GARCIA,
              Defendant-Appellee.                   OPINION

       Appeal from the United States District Court
            for the Central District of California
      Valerie Baker Fairbank, District Judge, Presiding

                   Argued December 9, 2011
                  Submitted January 28, 2014
                     Pasadena, California

                     Filed January 28, 2014

     Before: Alex Kozinski,* Chief Judge, and Barry G.
   Silverman and Kim McLane Wardlaw, Circuit Judges.

                      Per Curiam Opinion

  *
    On January 9, 2014, Chief Judge Kozinski was drawn to replace the
late Judge B. Fletcher.
2                       LAUSD V. GARCIA

                           SUMMARY**

                          Education Law

    Affirming the district court’s judgment, the panel held,
pursuant to the Supreme Court of California’s answer to a
certified question, that when a student between the ages of 18
and 22 who is eligible for special education services in
California is incarcerated in a county jail, the cost of the
student’s education is borne by the school district where the
student’s parent resides.

                             COUNSEL

Barrett K. Green (argued) and Daniel L. Gonzalez, Littler
Mendelson, P.C., Los Angeles, California, for Plaintiff-
Appellant.

Paula D. Pearlman, Shawna L. Parks (argued), and Andrea F.
Oxman, Disability Rights Legal Center, Los Angeles,
California; Linda Dakin–Grimm, Daniel M. Perry, and
Delilah Vinzon, Milbank Tweed Hadley & McCloy, LLP,
Los Angeles, California, for Defendant-Appellee.

  **
     This summary constitutes no part of the opinion of the court. It has
been prepared by court staff for the convenience of the reader.
                     LAUSD V. GARCIA                         3

                         OPINION

PER CURIAM:

    When a student between the ages of 18 and 22 who is
eligible for special education services in California is
incarcerated in a county jail, who pays the cost of those
services? The school district of the student’s parent’s
residence? The county in which the jail is located? The State
of California? To find out, we certified a question of
California law—specifically, the interpretation of California
Education Code section 56041—to the Supreme Court of
California. L.A. Unified Sch. Dist. v. Garcia, 669 F.3d 956
(9th Cir. 2012).

     On December 12, 2013, the California Supreme Court
gave its answer: The cost of the student’s education is borne
by the school district where the student’s parent resides. L.A.
Unified Sch. Dist. v. Garcia, 58 Cal. 4th 175, — P.3d —,
2013 WL 6501267 (2013). The facts of the case are detailed
in our order certifying the question to the California Supreme
Court, 669 F.3d at 958–59, and in the California Supreme
Court’s opinion, which is attached as an appendix to this
opinion. The district court had affirmed a 2009 decision of
the California Office of Administrative Hearings that the Los
Angeles Unified School District was responsible for
providing special education services to Michael Garcia.
Because the district court’s ruling is consistent with
California Supreme Court’s answer to the certified question,
its judgment is AFFIRMED.
4   LAUSD V. GARCIA

      APPENDIX
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                      5
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63    Page: 1 of 29

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6                          LAUSD V. GARCIA
    Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 2 of 29

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                                     2
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                     7
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 3 of 29

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8                          LAUSD V. GARCIA
    Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 4 of 29

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                                     4
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                     9
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 5 of 29

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10                          LAUSD V. GARCIA
     Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 6 of 29

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                                      6
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                     11
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 7 of 29

 teq et na fl wst cnom t Caio alw:ç e CaionaEd ct n
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                        n
12                          LAUSD V. GARCIA
     Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 8 of 29

 p l isadpoeue tawi esr cmpln ewi craneu rtdg as
  oi e n rcd rsht l nue o i c t eti n meae ol
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                                       8
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                     13
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 9 of 29

q aiidsuetrsdn i tesae (0U.. j11()1( .AF Ei
 u l e tdns eiig n h tt. 2 SC. 42a() ) AP s
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                                9
14                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 10 of 29

     Al o g teI S eurmett o ti fdrl'n igae
      t u h h DEA'rq ie nso ban eeaf dn r
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       0.2( 7 F dR g450466 Au .420))

                                  10
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  15
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 11 of 29

      Th n ro q et npeetdfro rdcso iwheh ro eo te
        e arw u si rsne o u eiin s te n fh
                  o
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                                 11
16                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 12 of 29

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  te rvso fa iii eemie y h n iiu l d d cto rga
                                       z
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                                  1
                                  2
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  17
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 13 of 29

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                                13
18                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 14 of 29

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                                  1
                                  4
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  19
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 15 of 29

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                                 15
20                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 16 of 29

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                                  16
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  21
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 17 of 29

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                                17
22                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 18 of 29

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                                  18
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  23
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 19 of 29

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24                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
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                                  20
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  25
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 21 of 29

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26                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 22 of 29

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                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  27
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 23 of 29

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28                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 24 of 29

 Un e teEd cto Co e acu t sprnedn o sh oswi teasn o
   drh u ain d, o ny u eitn et fc o l, t h set f
                                           h
 tecu t sb ado eu ainadb ado sp riosma etbihad
 h ony' o r f d ct n or fu evsr, y sa l n
                     o                       s
 manancasso shosfrn tsni cut'ji adohr orcinl
   iti lse rcol o imaei t onysal n tecret a
                         s     s          o
 fclis (j10 ,9510 .I adt nacut'b ado sprioss
  ait . j 90 10-96) ù dio, onys or fuevsri
    ie                  i
 at rzdt asg t aysh o dsrc manann scn aysh oste
  uhoie o sin o n co l itit itiig eo dr co l h
 rsos it fr prt gsc cass rco liacutji ( 10 .
 epnily o oeai uh lse o sh osn ony al j 97)
     bi        n                     .
 Ths saue aen t eesrl icnitn wihalctn rs niit fr
  ee ttts r o n csai n osset t loaig epo sbly o
                    y                       i
 poiigseildct nt a eiilcutjiimaet teshodsrt
  rvdn p caeuai o n l be ony aln t oh col i i
              o      g                     tc
 i whc teeiil imaesprn rsdsrt rteesaue po iea
 n ih h l ben t' aeteie;ahe h s ttts rvd
           g
 srcuewi i whc tesh o dsrcrso sbefrpo iigaseil
  tutr t n ih h c o l ititep n il o rvdn p ca
         h
 euainpo rm cnwoktgte wi teett o eaigagneaeu ain
  d ct rga a r o ehr t h ni p rtn e rl d ct
      o                    h    y              o
 porm i tesmefcly
  rga n h a ait. i
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      A. i d set ial h tp yn eto 6 41 o sin
                     y
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      epnily o poiig pcaeuai rga t l be omt al
         bi                o        g
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     n ts ud ed o bud u wokbe eut crig o A. iid
                                   s
     rq in t sh o dsrc whr a eiil imaesprn rsdst po ie
     eur ghe co l itit ee n l ben t' aeteie o rvd
         i                    g
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     pcaeuai n h onyal eeh n tiicreae rsns
            o
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      int ato itcl o crs. p il o co l itit ht r
         s              ee y
     gorpialdsatrmtecutji L.. ie manan tasc
      egahcl itnfo h onyal A Unfd itishtuh
            y            .     i
     dsrcswo l fc u cransaf n srieo l ain ,n teecudb
      itit ud ae n eti tfa d evc bi to sa dh r o l e
                                     g
     dly i srie adbrir t teq ikrslto o dsue bt e te
      easn evcs n areso h uc eouin f ip ts ewen h
     shodsr tn teimae L.. ie wan fr emoetaji
     coli i adh n t. A Unfd rs ut r r htal
          tc               i       h
     amiitaoswo l fc saGn adscrt ise i teeet esl lrm
     d nsrtr ud ae tf g n eui susn h v n promefo
                               y
     nmeosco l ir tweet s lnosycneg o tealaitt
      u ru sho dsi s r o i t eul ovre n h jifclyo
                tc       mu a                 i
     po ieseil d cto po rmst terep ciep pl.
      rvd p cae uain rga o h irset u is
                                    v
        L. Unfe icretht n e stldpicpe o sauoycntut n
          A. iid s orctau dr et rn ils f tttr o srci ,
                                e                  o
     acutso l ae t a i acnt cintawo l la t i rciao
       o ri bi td o vod o snzt ht ud ed o mpatcl r
             g                o
                                  24
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  29
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 25 of 29

 uwokbeeut.(o sino Pec O cSadrsadTann v
  n ralrsl C mmi o n ae lcr tn ad n riig .
          s      s
 SpeirCor(07 4 C 1t2 82 0)Weaent esae,o vrta
  u ro ut2 0) 2 a.h 7, 9. r ppruddhwee, h t
                 4
 cntun scin5 0 t dsg aeteetyrs nil frpo iigseil
  o srig et 641o eint h ni eposbe o rvdn p ca
           o               t
 euaint a eiil 1-o2-erodcu tjiimaewolrsli
 dct o n l be 8 t 2ya-l ony aln t ud eutn
    o      g
 u wok beo a sr cneu ne. L. Unfe 'ag metdsrbn te
  n ral r bud o sq ecs A. iids ru n eciig h
 v ro sdfiute ta cudaiewhnmay p rasdsatsh o dsrcs
  aiu ifc l sht ol rs e n , ehp itn,c o l itit
            i
 aeasg e rso sblyfr rvdn s ca euaint eiil 1-o2 -
  r sin d ep niii o po iig peild cto o l be 8 t 2
                 t                      g
 ya-lpplwh aenacrtdi's gecutjirie vl,papbe
  erod ui o ricreae na i l ony alass ai lal
          s                 n              d
 cne .Bu p n o teietie po lmsiisr u tbeo rn este
  ocms t o e fh dni d rbe snumonal r edr h
 cntuto o scin50 u wokbe I tirgr, 'ge wi Gaca
  o srcin f eto 641 n ral. n hsead weare t ri
                                            h
 ta ayp tnil ifclisaiigfo dsg aigtesh o dsrc i whc
 h t n oeta dfiut rsn rm eintn h co l ititn ih
                  e
 tecutjiimaes aeteie ateetyrsos lfr rvdn
 h onyaln t'prnrsds sh ni epni e opoiig
                           t    b
 seildct nadrltdsrie i acutjima b o ecmeb te
 pcaeuai n eae evcsn ony al y e vro y h
        o
sh o dsrc' ait t cnrc wi a ohrsh o dsrc o aec t d l e
 c o l itits bly o otat t n te co l itit r gny o ei r
              i         h                          v
tencsaysrie.Loaeuain lniisl esh o dsrcsae
h eesr evcs cl d cto ae t e i c o l itit r
                             t k
sauoi atoie t etrit are nswi oh r u l ae ce t
 tttrl uh rzd o ne no gemet t te p bi gn iso
       y                       h        c
po ies ca eu aint a eiilp pln ruieyetrit sc
 rvd peil d cto o n l be u iad o t l ne no u h
                      g           n
cnrcs (e j539)Ourve o teseildct nshmedslss
otat. Se 66. reiw fh pcaeuai ce icoe
                               o
frhr r ta i an mbro stig teLeiltr h si sdo sh o
 utemoe htn u e fet sh gsaue a mpoe n c o l
                      n
dsrcsterso sblyfrfn igs ca euainpormsfreiil
 itit h ep niit o udn peil d ct rga o l be
              i                 o            g
p plwh rsd wi i tegorp ib u dre o a ohrdsrc o ee
 u is o eie t n h egahc o n ais f n te itit r v n
             h
aohrtt.(e j 535sb s()( gsinn ttelcldct nl
nte sae Se â 6 6,ud.d-i as igoh oaeuai a
                      ) g             o
ae c ters niit frf igtefla u to tio frap pl rp r
 gny h epo sbly o t n h ulmo n fut n o u ipo el
               i    md                i            y
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 lcd n o p bi,o scain co l n ldng c o l o ae usd f
tettq5 155sb .b (uhr igalcldct nlgnytpoiefr
h sae,69 .,ud()atoin oaeuai aaec o rvd o
                    z         o
teseil d cto o idvd ap pltruhpormsmanan db ohr
h pca eu ain fn iiu l u i ho g rga itie y te
                         s
dsito cuts.
 ircs roniq
  t      e)
                                25
30                      LAUSD V. GARCIA
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 26 of 29

         Amiu cra CaionaSh o BorsAsoito cuin ta ee
            c s uie l ri co l ad scain ato shtv n
                     f
     weea ohrsh o dsrco etywiigt cnrcwi tesh o dsrci
      r n te co l itit r ni ln o otat t h c o l ititn
                          t l          h
 whc teeiilcutjiimaes aeteie,hr aen gaate sc
   ihh l be onyaln t'prnrsdstee r o urnesuh
        g
     a are n wo l a eutl dshreterso sbesh o dsrc'
      n geme t ud dq aey icag h ep nil c o l itits
     olgto u dro rsae1w adt I Th CaionaS h o Bors
      biains n e u tt a n he DEA. e lfri c o l ad
     Asoito ag e ta bcuecret nlnt in aepe lgclahr
       scain ru sh t eas orci a isi o s r noo ia rte
                               o    mt
     ta eu ain lnntr,hypeetdsicieadsg i a t rga
     hn d cto a i auete rsn itnt n infcn po rm-
                                   v
     i lmett nise tacudi ath dl eyo a imaesseil
     mpe nai susht o l mp ct: ei r f n n t' p ca
               o                   v
     euainpo rm, lcn sh o dsrcsars o bighl l befrte
      d ct rga paig c o l itit tik f en ed i l o h
          o                                  a
     dna o aF Et aq ai didvd l T eascain'cn en d n t
      eil f AP o u l n iiua. h soito s o crs o o
                       Ge
     rn e o ritrrtto o scin5 0 uwokbeh wee.Whnash o
      e dr u nepeain fet 6 41 n ral, o v r e c o l
                          o
     dsrcc nrcswi crane tisfr xmpewi an n u l , o scain
      itit o tat t eti nie,o e a l, t op bi n netra
                  h        t           h      c
     sholt poieseil d cto a drltdsrie ta tesh o dsrc
      c o,o rvd p cae uain n eae evcsh th co l itit
     cn o islpo ieteLeiltr hsesrdta sc arn e nswi
      an ttef rvd,h gsaue a nue htuh ragmet l       l
     cmpywi rq ie p lce a dpo eue b caiyn ten csaytr
      o l t eurd oiis n rcdrs y lrfig h eesr ems
             h
     a drset ed t st bestfrhi matrcnrcsbt e tesh o dsrc
      n ep ci ui o e ot n se o tat ewen h c o l itit
              v e
     adteohr ni .(e,..j536sb .a E qidtr o aru ns
     n h teety Seeg, 66,ud()r ur ems f gemet
              t                   e e
     bt e lcld ct nlgnis n nnu l,oscainsh os r
      ewen oaeuai aaece ad opbi nnetra colo
                 o              c
     aecel Alog teein seicsauoypoiinstn fr te
      gnis. t uhhr s o pcf tttr rvso etgot h
           ) h            i            i h
     rq ie tr o acnrc bt e sholdsrcsadoh retisfrte .
     eurd ems f otat ewen c o itit n te nie o h
                                            t
     poiino seildct nsrie i cutji, sho dsr ts o
      rvs fpcaeuai evcsn onyal acol i i int
         o         o             s       tc
     wi otayg ia c i timatr Fo ea l, n o tetr fr
       t u n udne n hs te. r x mpemay fh ems o
       h
     are nswi n n u lcn netra sh osmadtdb scin5 3 6
      gemet t op bi,o scain c o l n ae y eto 6 6 ,
              h
     sbiiin()cudb i otdit eiigare nso te eea
     u dvso a,o l empr no xsn gemetfrh gnrl
                       e     t
     euaino cutjiimae prunt scin 10 truh10 ..(e
      d ct f ony aln ts usato et s 90hog 995 Se
          o                     o
     as j15 geadn are nso euaigimae udrh jrsit no
      lo 2 9 rgrig gemetft dct n ts neteui ci f
                              n             d o
     teDeat n o Corcin adReaitt n.layadt nl udneo
     h prmet f ret s n hblai q fn dioagiac r
                    o        io)       i
                                  26
                       LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  31
Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 27 of 29

  caiiainin ee ,c o l ititaefe t se frh rato b te
   lrfct s edd sh o dsrcs r re o ek ute cin y h
        o
  Leiltr.
    gsaue
                        CONCL I
                             USON
      Anidvd awi aq ai igdsblywh ib t e tea e o 1
         n iiu l t u lyn ia it o s ewen h gs f 8
                 h     f       i
  ad2 yasadh sme cranseie peeustsietldt cniuehs
   n 2 er n a t eti p cf d rrq ii s nie o o t i
                           i       e     t      n
 o hrpcaeuainpormwhlicreae iacu tji Al og te
 r eseild ct rga i nacrtdn onyal t uh h
            o      e               . h
 Leiltr hsepesydsg ae teett rso sbefr rvdn seil
   gsaue a x rsl eintd h ni ep nil o po iig p ca
                           y
 e uainadrltdsrie t eiilp plrsdn i v ro sisi to a
  d ct n eae èvcsb l bk u iseiig n aiu ntuin l
      o              g                     t
 stnsuhajvnlcutcol ihs oaotdas lr arwsaue
 etg sc suei orshos ta ntdpe i anro ttt
   i          e      ,             mi
 apialt tecu tjistn .I teasneo sc lgsaieatnwe
 p l beoh ony alet g nh bec fuh eilt ci ,
    c             i                   v o
 cn ld frterao sepanda o etateasg met frso sblyfr
  o cu e o h esn x lie b v hth sin n o ep niit o
                                             i
 poiigseildct nteiilcutjiimae bt e teae o
  rvdn pcaeuai o l be onyaln ts ewen h gs f
             o g
 1 a d2 y asig v me b tetr o scin50 1
  8 n 2 er s o e d y h ems feto 6 4 .

                                               CANTI S
                                                   L-AKAUYE, J
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 CORRI J
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                                 27
32                          LAUSD V. GARCIA
     Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 28 of 29

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                        LAUSD V. GARCIA                                  33
 Case: 10-55879   12/17/2013   ID: 8911992   DktEntry: 63   Page: 29 of 29

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