Court Opinion

ID: 4181153
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-06-27 13:10:17.325573+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:39:12.243570
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                      APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
     This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court."
      Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the
         parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.

                                       SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                       APPELLATE DIVISION
                                       DOCKET NO. A-1254-15T1

TIMOTHY BLAKE,

        Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

ALARIS HEALTH AT ESSEX,

     Defendant-Respondent.
_______________________________

              Argued January 24, 2017 – Decided           June 26, 2017

              Before Judges Koblitz and Sumners.

              On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
              Law Division, Essex County, Docket No. L-1528-
              15.

              Nathaniel M. Davis argued the cause for
              appellant (Mr. Davis, attorney; Khari O.
              Moore, on the briefs).

              Todd A. Rossman argued the cause for
              respondent (LeClairRyan, PC, attorneys; Mr.
              Rossman, on the brief).

PER CURIAM

        Plaintiff Timothy Blake appeals from a Law Division order

granting defendant Alaris Health at Essex's Rule 4:6-2(e) motion

to dismiss his negligence complaint with prejudice due to his
failure to submit an affidavit of merit (AOM).            For the reasons

that follow, we reverse and remand.

     On September 3, 2013, Blake was a patient at Alaris, a

provider    of   short-term   hospital   rehabilitation    and   long-term

specialty care.     After being transported in a wheelchair, Blake,

who weighed 440-pounds, fell to the floor when he was lifted out

of the wheelchair and was injured.       Blake subsequently filed suit

that did not specify who lifted him from the wheelchair, but

alleged his fall was "due to inadequate assistance getting out of

the wheelchair" as result of Alaris' "recklessness, carelessness,

and/or negligence."

     Prior to the exchange of discovery, Alaris filed a motion to

dismiss Blake's complaint with prejudice pursuant to Rule 4:6-2(e)

for failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted.

Alaris argued that Blake failed to satisfy N.J.S.A. 2A:53A-26 by

filing an AOM identifying the standard of care that Alaris'

breached in causing his injury.           Alaris asserted an AOM was

essential because as a licensed healthcare facility it had to

follow a specific standard of care regarding the care of its

patients.    In opposition, Blake, contended his injury claim was

based upon the ordinary negligence exception to the AOM statute,

and that an expert was not needed to set forth a standard of care

that was breached. Specifically, he argued that how to "adequately

                                    2                              A-1254-15T1
help an overweight man out of a chair" was a matter of common

knowledge.

      Following argument on October 23, 2015, the motion judge

issued an order and oral decision granting Alaris' motion.                   The

judge did not cite any statutory or case law, but stated that,

based upon the pleadings, an AOM is needed to identify the standard

of   care   for    putting   Blake   "in   and   taking   him   out"    of   the

wheelchair.       This appeal followed.

      The standard that applies to consideration of a motion to

dismiss pursuant to Rule 4:6-2(e) is well-known.

            Such motions are judged by determining whether
            a cause of action is suggested by the facts.
            Although the inquiry is limited to examining
            the legal sufficiency of the facts alleged on
            the face of the complaint[,] a reviewing court
            searches the complaint in depth and with
            liberality to ascertain whether the fundament
            of a cause of action may be gleaned even from
            an obscure statement of claim, opportunity
            being given to amend if necessary[.]

            [Nostrame v. Santiago, 213 N.J. 109, 127
            (2013) (citations and quotations omitted)
            (first alteration in original).]

"At this preliminary stage of the litigation the Court is not

concerned with the ability of plaintiffs to prove the allegation

contained in the complaint.          For purposes of analysis plaintiffs

are entitled to every reasonable inference of fact."                   Printing

                                       3                                A-1254-15T1
Mart-Morristown v. Sharp Elecs. Corp., 116 N.J. 739, 746 (1989)

(citations omitted).

       Our review of a trial court's dismissal of a complaint based

upon the pleadings pursuant to Rule 4:6-2 motion is de novo. Flinn

v. Amboy Nat'l Bank, 436 N.J. Super. 274, 287 (App. Div. 2014).

"[O]ur inquiry is limited to examining the legal sufficiency of

the facts alleged on the face of the complaint."             Green v. Morgan

Props.,    215    N.J.     431,   451   (2013)   (quoting    Printing     Mart-

Morristown, supra, 116 N.J. at 746). "On appeal, review is plenary

and we owe no deference to the trial judge's conclusions."                State

v. Cherry Hill Mitsubishi, Inc., 439 N.J. Super. 462, 467 (App.

Div.   2015)     (citing    Rezem   Family   Assocs.,   LP   v.   Borough      of

Millstone, 423 N.J. Super. 103, 114 (App. Div.), certif. denied,

208 N.J. 386 (2011)).

       Appellate review is "one that is at once painstaking and

undertaken with a generous and hospitable approach." Green, supra,

215 N.J. at 451 (quoting Printing Mart-Morristown, supra, 116 N.J.

at 746).    Nonetheless, dismissal is required "where the pleading

does not establish a colorable claim and discovery would not

develop one." Cherry Hill Mitsubishi, Inc., supra, 439 N.J. Super.

at 467 (citing Camden Cnty. Energy Recovery Assocs. v. N.J. Dep't

of Envtl. Prot., 320 N.J. Super. 59, 64 (App. Div. 1999), aff'd

o.b., 170 N.J. 246, 786 (2001)).

                                        4                               A-1254-15T1
     Our de novo review of Alaris' motion to dismiss requires a

brief analysis of the AOM requirements.   The AOM statute "imposes

a special requirement upon plaintiffs bringing lawsuits claiming

malpractice or negligence by certain enumerated professionals."

Shamrock Lacrosse, Inc. v. Klehr, Harrison, Harvey, Branzburg &

Ellers, LLP, 416 N.J. Super. 1, 14 (App. Div. 2010).       N.J.S.A.

2A:53A-27 specifically provides:

          In any action for damages for personal
          injuries, wrongful death or property damage
          resulting from an alleged act of malpractice
          or negligence by a licensed person in his
          profession or occupation, the plaintiff shall,
          within 60 days following the date of filing
          of the answer to the complaint by the
          defendant, provide each defendant with an
          affidavit of an appropriate licensed person
          that there exists a reasonable probability
          that the care, skill or knowledge exercised
          or exhibited in the treatment, practice or
          work that is the subject of the complaint,
          fell outside acceptable professional or
          occupational     standards    or     treatment
          practices. The court may grant no more than
          one additional period, not to exceed 60 days,
          to file the affidavit pursuant to this
          section, upon a finding of good cause.

     Yet, "[a]n affidavit of merit is not required in a case where

the 'common knowledge' doctrine applies and obviates the need for

expert testimony to establish a deviation from the professional's

standard of care." Bender v. Walgreen Eastern Co., 399 N.J. Super.

584, 590 (App. Div. 2008) (citing Hubbard ex rel. Hubbard v. Reed,

                                5                           A-1254-15T1
168 N.J. 387, 390 (2001)).    "The doctrine applies where 'jurors'

common knowledge as lay persons is sufficient to enable them,

using   ordinary   understanding   and   experience,   to   determine    a

defendant's negligence without the benefit of the specialized

knowledge of experts.'"    Hubbard, supra, 168 N.J. at 394 (quoting

Estate of Chin v. Saint Barnabas Med. Ctr., 160 N.J. 454, 469

(1999)).    We have previously held that in certain instances

plaintiffs are not required to provide an AOM, even though licensed

medical facilities are involved, because "jurors are competent to

assess simple negligence occurring in a hospital without expert

testimony to establish the standard of ordinary care, as in other

negligence case."     Nowacki v. Cmty. Med. Ctr., 279 N.J. Super.

276, 292 (App. Div.), certif. denied, 141 N.J. 95 (1995).

     With these principles in mind, we conclude that dismissal of

Blake's complaint based upon the pleadings for failure to provide

an AOM was misguided.     The motion judge seemed to limit Blake's

claim to one for professional or occupational malpractice, but

that was not the cause of action he pled.       Although the incident

occurred at a licensed healthcare facility, Blake's complaint

alleges that the proximate cause of his injury was ordinary

negligence, and not the breach of a professional or occupational

standard of care.     Based upon the pleadings, it is not clear how

Blake fell, or who was assisting him when he fell, but an AOM is

                                   6                             A-1254-15T1
not required under N.J.S.A. 2A:53A-27 for a claim of ordinary

negligence.   We express no opinion on the merits of Blake's

negligence claim, but conclude it is necessary that he be allowed

to develop facts through discovery so that the trial court will

have a record to determine any future motions.

    Reversed and remanded.   We do not retain jurisdiction.

                                7                         A-1254-15T1