Court Opinion

ID: 4530938
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-05-01 16:12:12.126649+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:23:26.244182
License: Public Domain

J-S09013-20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA               :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                v.                             :
                                               :
                                               :
    JACOB AMENUVOR                             :
                                               :
                       Appellant               :   No. 2868 EDA 2019

           Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered September 16, 2019
      In the Court of Common Pleas of Monroe County Criminal Division at
                        No(s): CP-45-CR-0001859-1999

BEFORE:      SHOGAN, J., LAZARUS, J., and COLINS, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.:                                  FILED MAY 01, 2020

        Appellant, Jacob Amenuvor, appeals pro se from the order denying his

third petition for relief filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act

(“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. We affirm.

        The PCRA court summarized the factual and procedural history of this

case as follows:

              On November 29, 2000, following a jury trial, [Appellant]
        was found guilty of Robbery, Murder in the Second Degree, two
        counts of Recklessly Endangering Another, Criminal Trespass and
        Firearms Not to be Carried Without a License. [Appellant] was
        sentenced on January 31, 2001 to life plus an additional thirteen
        and a half to thirty years incarceration. Then President Judge
        Ronald E. Vican denied [Appellant’s] Post-Trial Motions on January
        29, 2001[,] and Motion for Reconsideration of Sentence on
        February 12, 2001.        [Appellant] directly appealed to the
        Pennsylvania Superior Court, which affirmed the [judgment of
        sentence] on July 1, 2002. Subsequently[,] the Pennsylvania
____________________________________________

*   Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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     Supreme Court denied [Appellant’s] Petition for Allocatur on June
     26, 2003. Thereafter, [Appellant] had filed an “Application for
     Leave to File Original Process, Application for Relief” with the
     Pennsylvania Supreme Court. On July 29, 2004, the Pennsylvania
     Supreme Court granted leave to File Original Process and denied
     the Application for Relief.

            [Appellant] filed his first pro se PCRA Petition on July 6,
     2004, arguing ineffective assistance of counsel. However, then
     President Judge Ronald E. Vican dismissed this first PCRA on July
     9, 2004 as prematurely filed, because jurisdiction was with the
     Pennsylvania Supreme Court based on [Appellant’s] pending
     “Application for Leave to File Original Process, Application for
     Relief.”

            In light of the former, on July 30, 2004, [Appellant]
     proceeded with his original PCRA, via a Motion for
     Reconsideration, which was denied on August 16, 2004.
     [Appellant] appealed the denial to the Superior Court, which
     reinstated [Appellant’s] PCRA Petition and remanded for
     appointment of PCRA counsel on May 12, 2005. The PCRA [c]ourt
     appointed counsel on August 16, 2005 and an amended Petition
     was filed by PCRA counsel on October 24, 2005. The PCRA [c]ourt
     denied [Appellant’s] first counseled PCRA on February 16, 2006
     and [Appellant] appealed. The Pennsylvania Superior Court
     affirmed Judge Vican’s decision on November 14, 2006 and the
     Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied the Petition for Allocatur on
     April 27, 2007.

           [Appellant] pursued habeas [c]orpus relief in the federal
     courts to no avail. [Appellant] then filed his second PCRA Petition
     on July 8, 2008, arguing a timeliness exception under 42 Pa. C.S.
     § 9545(b)(1)(iii) for ineffective assistance of counsel.
     Notwithstanding [Appellant’s] argument, then President Judge
     Ronald E. Vican notified [Appellant] of [h]is intention to dismiss
     the petition without a hearing for untimeliness. Ultimately, then
     President Judge Ronald E. Vican dismissed the Petition on October
     2, 2008 as untimely and as involving the same issues determined
     adversely to [Appellant] on February 16, 2006. The Superior
     Court affirmed [h]is holding on June 26, 2009. The Pennsylvania
     Supreme      Court    denied     [Appellant’s]    Application   for
     Reconsideration on February 25, 2010. [Appellant] then filed the
     instant PCRA Petition on January 2, 2019.

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PCRA Court Opinion, (Notice of Disposition without Hearing) 2/7/19, at 1-2.

The PCRA court issued its notice of intent to dismiss the PCRA petition without

a hearing pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907, on February 7, 2019.

      In its Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) statement, the PCRA court provided the

additional procedural history of this case:

            By way of further explanation of the procedural history,
      Appellant improperly appealed his [third] PCRA to the Superior
      Court on March 1, 2019, before we issued a final determination of
      his petition. In response, the Superior Court quashed same by
      order dated August 26, 2019, stating that “the PCRA Court has
      not entered an Order finally disposing of his PCRA petition.
      Consequently, we lack jurisdiction over this appeal.” See Com.
      Amenuvor, 633 EDA 2019, Super. Ct. Order, August 26, 2019,
      p.2.

            Thereafter, this [c]ourt issued a final order dated September
      1[6], 2019 denying Appellant’s PCRA. Appellant filed the current
      appeal on October 3, 2019.

           By order of this [c]ourt dated October 4, 2019, Appellant
      was required to file a concise statement clarifying the errors
      complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b).

      Appellant filed his 1925(b) statement timely on October 24, 2019.

PCRA Court Opinion, 11/22/19, at 1.

      Appellant presents the following issues for our review:

      Whether Appellant “plead in the petition and proved that one of
      the ex[]ceptions applies. 42 Pa.C.S. §9545(b(1).” Com. v.
      Beasley, 741 A.2d at 1261 (Pa. 1999). If so,

      Whether “A fact . . . is to be presumed or proved to be or not to
      be for the purpose of applying or refusing to apply a rule of law.”
      Com v. Watts, 23 A.3d at 986-987 (Pa. 2011)?

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      Whether Appellant filed a meritorious response to the court’s
      Pa.Crim.P. 907 Notice 2/7/19 pg.4, on 2/25/19 mislabeled
      response §1925(b) statement, court received 3/1/2019?

Appellant’s Brief at 4 (full capitalization omitted).

      When reviewing the propriety of an order denying PCRA relief, we

consider the record “in the light most favorable to the prevailing party at the

PCRA level.”    Commonwealth v. Stultz, 114 A.3d 865, 872 (Pa. Super.

2015) (quoting Commonwealth v. Henkel, 90 A.3d 16, 20 (Pa. Super. 2014)

(en banc)).    This Court is limited to determining whether the evidence of

record supports the conclusions of the PCRA court and whether the ruling is

free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Robinson, 139 A.3d 178, 185 (Pa.

2016). The PCRA court’s findings will not be disturbed unless there is no

support for them in the certified record. Commonwealth v. Lippert, 85 A.3d

1095, 1100 (Pa. Super. 2014).

      A PCRA petition must be filed within one year of the date that the

judgment of sentence becomes final.        42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1). This time

requirement is mandatory and jurisdictional in nature, and the court may not

ignore it in order to reach the merits of the petition.   Commonwealth v.

Hernandez, 79 A.3d 649, 651 (Pa. Super. 2013). A judgment of sentence

“becomes final at the conclusion of direct review, including discretionary

review in the Supreme Court of the United States and the Supreme Court of

Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of time for seeking the review.” 42 Pa.C.S.

§ 9545(b)(3).

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       However, an untimely petition may be received when the petition

alleges, and the petitioner proves, that any of the three limited exceptions to

the time for filing the petition, set forth at 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i), (ii), and

(iii), is met.1 A petition invoking one of these exceptions must be filed within

one year of the date the claim could first have been presented. 2 42 Pa.C.S.

§ 9545(b)(2).

       Our review of the record reflects that Appellant initially was sentenced

on January 31, 2001. Appellant’s judgment of sentence was affirmed on July

____________________________________________

1   The exceptions to the timeliness requirement are:

       (i)    the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
       interference by government officials with the presentation of the
       claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth
       or the Constitution or laws of the United States;

       (ii)  the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown
       to the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the
       exercise of due diligence; or

       (iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was
       recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or the
       Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in
       this section and has been held by that court to apply retroactively.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii).
2 Until recently, a petition invoking an exception was required to be filed within
sixty days of the date the claim could have been presented. However, Act
146 of 2018 amended 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2), and Section 9545(b)(2) now
provides that a PCRA petition invoking a timeliness exception must be filed
within one year of the date the claim could have been presented. See 2018
Pa.Legis.Serv.Act 2018-146 (S.B. 915), effective December 24, 2018, § 2 and
§ 3 (“[T]he amendment ... shall apply to claims arising on Dec. 24, 2017 or
thereafter.”). Although applicable to Appellant’s instant petition, the change
in the law from sixty days to one year does not alter our analysis.

                                           -5-
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1, 2002, and our Supreme Court denied Appellant’s petition for allowance of

appeal on June 26, 2003. Commonwealth v. Amenuvor, 808 A.2d 240,

776 EDA 2001 (Pa. Super. filed July 1, 2002) (unpublished memorandum),

appeal denied, 825 A.2d 1259, 807 MAL 2002 (Pa. filed June 26, 2003).

Appellant did not pursue an allowance of appeal to our United States Supreme

Court.   As such, Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final for PCRA

purposes on September 24, 2003, when the ninety-day appeal period expired

for seeking review with the United States Supreme Court. See 42 Pa.C.S.

§ 9545(b)(3) (“a judgment becomes final at the conclusion of direct review,

including discretionary review in the Supreme Court of the United States and

the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of time for seeking

the review.”); U.S. Supreme Court Rule 13. Therefore, Appellant had to file

the current PCRA petition by September 24, 2004, in order for it to be timely.

See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1) (a PCRA petition must be filed within one year

of the date that the judgment of sentence becomes final). Appellant did not

file the instant PCRA petition until January 2, 2019. Thus, Appellant’s instant

PCRA petition is patently untimely.

      As previously stated, if a petitioner does not file a timely PCRA petition,

his petition may nevertheless be received under any of the three limited

exceptions to the timeliness requirements of the PCRA.              42 Pa.C.S.

§ 9545(b)(1). If a petitioner asserts one of these exceptions, he must file his

petition within one year of the date that the exception could be asserted. 42

                                      -6-
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Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2). It is the petitioner’s burden to allege and prove that

one of the exceptions exists. Commonwealth v. Whitehawk, 146 A.3d 266,

269–270 (Pa. Super. 2016).

      Appellant appears to be arguing that the exception under Section

9545(b)(1)(ii) applies in this case. Appellant’s Brief at 8. Appellant argues

that he did not know that a specific jury instruction had been given at his trial

until he later read about it on December 28, 2018. Id. Specifically, he asserts

that he “did not know that Pa.S.S.J.I.§15.2501C was given at trial until after

reading Advisory Committee Note To ‘See Instruction §15.2501C’ then

researching and reading §15.2501C the same day 12/28/18.” Id. (verbatim).

Thus, Appellant argues these are “newly discovered facts.” Id. at 9.

      This Court has stated the following in outlining the exception under

Section 9545(b)(1)(ii):

            The timeliness exception set forth in Section 9545(b)(1)(ii)
      requires a petitioner to demonstrate he did not know the facts
      upon which he based his petition and could not have learned those
      facts earlier by the exercise of due diligence. Due diligence
      demands that the petitioner take reasonable steps to protect his
      own interests. A petitioner must explain why he could not have
      learned the new fact(s) earlier with the exercise of due diligence.
      This rule is strictly enforced. Additionally, the focus of this
      exception “is on the newly discovered facts, not on a newly
      discovered or newly willing source for previously known facts.”

Commonwealth v. Brown, 111 A.3d 171, 176 (Pa. Super. 2015) (internal

citations omitted).

      We first note that Appellant has failed to demonstrate that he did not

know the facts upon which he based his petition. Appellant argues that the

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newly discovered facts are his discovery that a particular jury instruction was

read at his trial in November of 2000. Appellant would have been aware of

the reading of that jury instruction at that time. Moreover, if he was not aware

of the reading of that instruction at his trial, for whatever reason, we cannot

agree that he could not have discovered that “fact” with the exercise of due

diligence. Accordingly, Appellant has failed to establish the newly discovered

facts exception to the PCRA time-bar.

      Consequently, because the instant PCRA petition was untimely and no

exceptions apply, the PCRA court lacked jurisdiction to address the claims

presented and grant relief. See Commonwealth v. Fairiror, 809 A.2d 396,

398 (Pa. Super. 2002) (holding that PCRA court lacks jurisdiction to hear

untimely petition).

      Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 5/1/2020

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