Court Opinion

ID: 3628528
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-07-06 00:08:34.321367+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:34:01.267914
License: Public Domain

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The appellant's points are chiefly occupied with a discussion of the findings of fact by the referee. But the exceptions to the findings of fact cannot be reviewed here. The testimony before the referee was conflicting upon all the material points involved in the action, and the Supreme Court, at general term, has affirmed the judgment. This court therefore cannot look into the testimony, to determine whether the facts are found according to the weight of evidence. There was necessarily a judgment against the plaintiff, and in favor of the defendants; and the only question is whether the proper judgment has been rendered. This depends mainly upon the questions, whether the matter set up in the supplemental *Page 389 
answer of the defendant Fredricks, is a counterclaim within the spirit and meaning of the code, so as to entitle the defendants, or either, or any of them, to affirmative relief; and whether that answer is available to the other individuals composing the firm of Rubens, Fredricks  Co. who are made defendants in the action by the summons and complaint by their firm name only.
There can be no doubt, I think, that the matter thus set up was strictly a counter claim within section 150 of the code. It was a cause of action arising out of the transaction set forth in the complaint as the foundation of the plaintiff's claim, or was at least connected with the subject of the plaintiff's action. It was for the price and value of the identical goods which were the subject of the action. The question at issue before the supplemental answer was put in, was, which party had the title, or the right to control and dispose of the property.
I do not think it lies with the plaintiff, under the circumstances of this case, to allege that his taking was a mere tort, for the purpose of defeating the counter-claim. And even if an action, sounding in tort, might be maintained by the defendants Rubens, Fredricks  Co., for the taking while the action to determine the title was pending, I am still of the opinion that the cause of action for the value of the goods would constitute a good counter-claim in such a case as this. It existed in favor of certain of the defendants in the action, in whose favor a several judgment might be had against the plaintiff, and the plaintiff might also have had a separate judgment against them. The conditions of the code, therefore, are all fulfilled in respect to this claim of the defendants.
I see nothing for which the judgment should be reversed in the fact that it is rendered for the value of the goods, in favor of the several individuals who compose the firm of Rubens, Fredricks Co. These defendants were prosecuted by the plaintiff by their firm name, he alleging in his complaint that the name of the individual members of *Page 390 
said firm were unknown to him. Fredricks only appeared and answered in the first instance, claiming the goods in behalf of his firm. He also put in the supplemental answer in which he claims judgment in his own favor for the value of the goods, and not in favor of himself and his copartners individually. After judgment the defendants were allowed by the court, at general term, to amend by entering an appearance nunc pro tunc for the other two partners, and to amend the supplemental answer so as to make it a claim in behalf of all the members of the firm individually, and a demand for judgment in their favor. It does not appear from the record how many of these defendants had been served with process, nor why the two who were allowed to appear so as to bind them by the judgment, did not appear at an earlier stage of the proceedings. It is suggested in the respondents' points that these two defendants were residents of a foreign country, and were not served with process. But however this may be, the facts, it is to be presumed, were all before the court when the order granting the amendment was made, and it was an order they had clearly the right to make under section 173 of the code. The case had been fully tried upon its merits, and the amendment was only in furtherance of justice. And where the question is one of a common or general interest of several persons, one or more may be allowed to sue or defend for the benefit of the whole. (Code, § 119.) It was wholly unnecessary to bring in the firm of Kessel Brothers. They did not pretend to have any title to the property, or right of control over it. But even if they were to be regarded as the general owners, the defendants, who were in fact consignees, could recover the value of the property converted by a stranger.
I am of the opinion, therefore, that the judgment is right and should be affirmed.