Court Opinion

ID: 4710633
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-08-11 19:07:40.762244+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:07:04.272484
License: Public Domain

SUPERIOR COURT
                                   OF THE
                             STATE OF DELAWARE

Charles E. Butler                                   Leonard L. Williams Justice Center
  Resident Judge                                    500 North King Street, Suite 10400
                                                    Wilmington, Delaware 19801-3733
                                                        Telephone (302) 255-0656

                                     August 11, 2021
Christian G. Heesters, Esquire
Schuster Jachetti, LLP
3407 Lancaster Pike, Suite A
Wilmington, DE 19805-5543

Kenneth M. Doss, Esquire
Casarino Christman Shalk Ransom & Doss, P.A.
1007 N. Orange Street
Nemours Building
Suite 1100
P.O. Box 1276
Wilmington, DE 19899

Erin K. Radulski, Esquire
Law Office of Dawn L. Becker
Citizens Bank Center
919 Market Street, Suite 550
Wilmington, DE 19801

                    Re:   Cameron v. Godlewsk, et al.
                          C.A. No. N18C-11-002 CEB
                          Defendants’ Motion to Exclude Evidence of Certain
                          Medical Expenses. DENIED.

Counsel:

       I have a motion in limine before me seeking to exclude evidence of Plaintiff’s

“PIP eligible expenses” pursuant to 21 Del. C. §2118.

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      As briefly as I can, here is the issue: Plaintiff was in a car accident and claims

a total of approximately $40,000 in medical expenses. She had an auto insurance

policy that called for $15,000 in personal injury protection (“PIP”) coverage with a

$10,000 deductible. She has sued the tortfeasor and the defense has filed a motion

to preclude evidence of her medical expenses.

      21 Del. C. §2118 (a)(2)(f) says “An insured person may not plead and

introduce into evidence in an action for damages against a tortfeasor the amount of

the deductible…” So, by the plain language of the statute, the first $10,000 in

medical expenses paid by the Plaintiff are not admissible in evidence.

      21 Del. C. §2118 (h) states that a person eligible for Personal Injury Protection

– and there is no question this includes the Plaintiff – is precluded from “pleading or

introducing into evidence . . . damages for which compensation is available . . .

without regard to any elective reductions in such coverage and whether or not such

benefits are actually recoverable.” So the payments “available” under her PIP policy

are not admissible in the trial against the tortfeasor.

      Since the Plaintiff had $15,000 in “available” coverage, the parties agree that

as a practical matter, the two statutory provisions together mean that the first $25,000

in medical expenses are not “boardable.” That certainly implies that the medical

expenses in excess of $25,000 are boardable.

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      But, of course, there’s a complication.      A defense-ordered Independent

Medical Examination (“IME”) concluded that the Plaintiff’s expenses in excess of

$10,500 were not “reasonable and necessary.” After paying $10,500, Plaintiff’s PIP

carrier declined making further payments on her behalf. Plaintiff was thus barred

from full recovery of PIP benefits, $4500 short of the maximum payout under the

policy.

      Defendant claims that Plaintiff had a duty to file suit against her PIP carrier

for the remaining $4500. Defendant says that because she did not file a lawsuit

against the carrier, she has not, and never will recover the maximum amount

“available” under her policy.

      The Court must reject Defendant’s reading of the requirements of Section

2118. Defendant – wrongly, the Court believes – equates PIP exhaustion with PIP

availability. Nowhere in Section 2118 is there an instruction that suit must be filed

against a PIP carrier where PIP benefits are not exhausted as a predicate for filing

suit against the tortfeasor. Section 2118 contains evidentiary limits on claimed

damages in a tort suit; it does not set forth a rule of substantive law. Defendant’s

reading places a burden on the Plaintiff not contained in the statute and unsupported

by any case citation.

      Faced with a relatively modest amount in controversy with her PIP carrier (of

$4500) and a relatively large boardable recovery in her suit against the tortfeasor

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($15,000), Plaintiff elected to forego the modest recovery and pursue the larger one.

She certainly could have filed suit against the PIP carrier and contested the IME’s

conclusion as to what expenses were “reasonable and necessary,” but there is

nothing in the language or purpose of Section 2118 that would make such a suit a

necessity. As it is, she will have a trial against the tortfeasor at which the Defendant

will all but certainly produce the IME physician as a witness to testify that expenses

in excess of $10,500 were not “reasonable and necessary.” That evidentiary burden

does not, as Defendant suggests, force her out of court. Rather, it is but one more

item of evidence the jury may consider in reaching its verdict.

      In this motion, then, the Court rules that 1) the $10,000 deductible is not

admissible, 2) the $15,000 in “available” insurance coverage is not admissible,

regardless of the amounts actually paid, and 3) the remaining $15,000 (actually,

$14,392.14) in claimed medical expenses is “boardable,” subject to Defendant’s

evidence that such amounts were not “reasonable and necessary” medical expenses

to remediate the damage caused by the tortfeasor.

      IT IS SO ORDERED.

                                               Resident Judge Charles E. Butler

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