Court Opinion

ID: 4376060
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-03-12 17:00:04.111944+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:30:57.533164
License: Public Domain

ARMED SERVICES BOARD OF CONTRACT APPEALS

Appeal of --                                  )
                                              )
CiyaSoft Corporation                          )     ASBCA No. 59913
                                              )
Under Contract No. W91B4L-10-P-1475           )

APPEARANCE FOR THE APPELLANT:                       Ms. Laila H. Rashed
                                                     Corporate Officer and Director of Sales

APPEARANCES FOR THE GOVERNMENT:                     Raymond M Saunders, Esq.
                                                     Army Chief Trial Attorney
                                                    Evan C. Williams, Esq.
                                                    MAJ Bruce H. Robinson, JA
                                                     Trial Attorneys

          OPINION BY ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE MCNULTY ON THE
             GOVERNMENT'S MOTION FOR RECONSIDERATION

        The government has timely moved for reconsideration of our decision, CiyaSoft
Corporation, ASBCA Nos. 59519, 59913, 18-1 BCA ,r 37,084. Familiarity with the opinion
is presumed. The government argues the opinion includes both factual and legal errors
stemming from the factual errors. While we agree the decision includes one factual error,
we view the error as immaterial in the circumstances. Accordingly, we deny the motion.

                                      DECISION

       The standards for reconsideration are well established. Reconsideration is not for
rearguing issues previously raised and decided. The movant must provide a compelling
reason for modifying or overturning the decision being reconsidered. We look for newly
presented evidence, mistakes in findings of fact, or errors oflaw. American International
Contractors, Inc., ASBCA Nos. 60948, 61166, 18-1 BCA ,r 37,194 at 181,070 (citing
Precision Standard, Inc., ASBCA No. 58135, 16-1 BCA ,r 36,504 at 177,860).

        Here the government argues finding 39 of the decision erroneously concludes
appellant's complaint filed October 23, 2014, included a signed certification. The
government states in part: "Perhaps, the confusion arose from the contracting officer's
final decision (COFD), dated 30 March 2015. In the COFD, the contracting officer
erroneously purported to make a final decision on CiyaSoft' s 'claim dated 23 October
2014. "' (Gov't mot. at 2) The government is correct that the complaint included no
certification. The government is also correct that the confusion arose from the contracting
officer's second final decision, dated March 30, 2015, which refers to the complaint as
appellant's claim. This error however, is immaterial to our decision and we therefore
I
    decline to either modify or overturn it except as set forth below. See C-Ran Corporation,
    ASBCA No. 37643, 91-2 BCA ,r 23,752 at 118,935, aff'g on recon. 90-3 BCA ,r 23,201;
    Dr. David T Snow, ASBCA No. 30652, 87-1 BCA ,r 19,455 at 98,296-97, ajf'g on recon.
    86-2 BCA ,r 18,844; Maitland Brothers Company, ASBCA No. 24032, 85-2 BCA
    ,r 18,041 at 90,545-46, ajf'g on recon. 84-2 BCA ,r 17,463, for examples of other decisions
    we have confirmed on reconsideration despite including immaterial errors of fact.

             The record reflects that appellant initially filed its claim in April 2014. The claim
     as filed included certification language mandated by the Contract Disputes Act,
    41 U.S.C. §§ 7101-7109 (CDA). The certification was not signed. (R4, tab 15 at 2) We
    have frequently held that an unsigned certification is a defective certification that cannot
     be corrected, which renders a claim invalid. See, e.g., NileCo General Contracting LLC,
    ASBCA No. 60912, 17-1 BCA ,r 36,862 at 179,607. The contracting officer nonetheless
    issued a final decision, basing the denial of the claim in part on the lack of a signed
    certification (R4, tab 16 at 2). Appellant filed a notice of appeal, which included a
    signed certification (R4, tab 17 at 2). Shortly after appellant filed its complaint, the
    government, in lieu of an answer, filed a motion to dismiss, asserting the Board lacked
    jurisdiction to consider the appeal because a certified claim had never been submitted to
    the contracting officer (gov't mot., November 3, 2014). The Board thereafter advised
    the parties that decision on the motion would not be an efficient use of the Board's
    resources and requested that the contracting officer issue a new final decision on "the
    claim as certified on 26 August 2014 1, and appellant may subsequently file an appeal
    from that decision." The Board indicated that when the contracting officer issued the
    new final decision, appellant could file a "protective" appeal, which would be assigned a
    separate appeal number by the Board and consolidated with the existing appeal. (Bd.
    corr. ltr. dtd. ·February 4, 2015) Pursuant to our request to do so, the contracting officer
    issued a second final decision dated March 30, 2015 (R4, tab 19). This decision appears
    to be a verbatim copy of the initial final decision except that it refers to the claim as
    being dated October 23, 2014, and deletes the discussion of appellant's copyright
    infringement assertions and the statement regarding the unsigned certification. 2 The
    record includes no explanation for the contracting officer's reference in the second final
    decision to the claim being dated October 23, 2014. The government argues that
    because of our error we have no jurisdiction to consider appellant's appeals, as there is
    no certification for this second claim, i.e., the complaint, which includes operative facts
    different from those initially asserted.

           We find the government's argument to be without merit because we view the
    complaint as merely providing additional factual detail based on the same operative facts
    asserted originally in appellant's claim, which we have jurisdiction over by reason of the

    1
        The date of appellant's notice of appeal, which included the signed certification.
    2
        Appellant's claim included assertions that its copyright was infringed. However, this
             issue was conceded and stricken from the complaint after the government filed
             a partial motion to dismiss. (Order dtd. September 14, 2015)
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signed certification provided by appellant and the contracting officer's second final
decision.

         The government argues that as originally submitted, appellant's claim did not
 give the contracting officer adequate notice of the basis for its claims and that without
reliance on new additional operative facts set forth in the complaint our decision was
 erroneous because we lacked jurisdiction to consider these new facts. The government
 correctly asserts the claim asserts two causes of action: ( 1) the contract was breached
by permitting multiple unauthorized copies of appellant's software to be created; and
(2) the contract was breached by the government's failure to protect the software.
(Gov't mot. at 4-5) At pages 6 and 7 of its motion the government argues that
appellant's complaint sets forth an entirely different set of facts from the claim.
Specifically, the government argues the claim is devoid of any discussion of Army
employees installing appellant's software on more than one Army computer and fails
to mention the two copies registered using SPC Sahar' s email address. We view these
facts as simply being more detailed assertions of the factual statements made in the
claim as follow: ( 1) "The Software was licensed pursuant to a clear mutual
understanding that it was for use on one computer system only"; (2) "In fact, the
change in installation process made on behalf of the Army made it possible for the
Army or contractors operating for the Army to copy and install unauthorized copies of
the Software without the Company's knowledge"; and (3) "CiyaSoft Corporation (the
'Contractor') now formally claims that the Army breached the terms of the License
Agreement covering each CD copy of the software supplied pursuant to the Contract
in that the Army caused multiple unauthorized copies of the Software to be made by
its own actions or by handing copies to translation contractors such as Mission
Essential Personnel ('MEP') which contractor(s), in turn, made unauthorized copies of
the Software with actual or imputed knowledge of the Army." (R4, tab 15 at 1)

        The government similarly, argues that the details provided in the complaint
relating to the government's failure to provide appellant with a list of activations or
registered users is a new claim (gov't mot. at 7-8). We again disagree and view the
complaint as merely setting forth more detail with respect to the following assertions
set forth in the claim: (1) "The Contract provided a special exception for the Army
regarding registering each copy of the Software online via the company's secure
registration system"; (2) "The Army never complied with required Software
registration procedures heretofore agreed between the Company and the Army"; and
(3) "Our Company made various attempts to learn how many copies of the Software
were actually installed and upon which computer system. Neither the Army nor any
contractor working under the aegis of the Army ever disclosed the copying or
installation data we sought." (R4, tab 15 at 1)

        If operative facts presented in the pleadings are essentially the same as those in
the claim, we have held they are within the scope of the appeal. Stencel Aero
Engineering Corporation, ASBCA No. 28654, 84-1BCA116,951. In Stencel, we

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noted that the de novo nature of the proceedings before us means that we are not
 limited to consideration of only the evidence and legal theories presented to the
contracting officer. We stated: "the proper scope of an appeal processed under the
 CDA is circumscribed by the parameters of the claim.'' Id. at 84,315; see also Cline
Construction Company, ASBCA No. 28600, 84-3 BCA ,r 17,594 at 87,660
(government permitted to plead and introduce evidence relating to two defenses to
contractor's claim not mentioned in the COFD over the contractor's objection). The
Federal Circuit has held that a valid claim must give the contracting officer adequate
notice of the basis and amount of the claim but need not provide detailed evidence of
all of the alleged facts. HL. Smith, Inc. v. Dalton, 49 F.3d 1563, 1565 (Fed. Cir. 1995)
(finding claim presented was a valid CDA claim despite lack of detailed cost
information); see also Aerojet Ordnance Tennessee, ASBCA No. 36089, 91-3 BCA
,r 24,130, where we faulted a contractor's argument the government was asserting a
new claim against it based on additional evidence the government had discovered
during discovery, as being based upon a perspective that sought to isolate each piece
of data or fact from its context. We stated: "If the court will have to review the same
or related evidence to make its decision, then only one claim exists." Id. at 120,773
(quoting Placeway Constntction Corp. v. United States, 920 F.2d 903, 907 (Fed. Cir.
1990)). Here we find·that the facts the government argues constitute new claims are
within the parameters of the claim considered by the contracting officer and that we
therefore have jurisdiction to consider and decide the appeals. The facts set forth in
the complaint do not differ materially from the essential nature of the operative facts in
appellant's claim with the unsigned certification.

       The government also argues that we erred when we ruled the long form of the
license agreement was incorporated into the contract (gov't mot. at 9-11 ). The
government argues that this ruling required consideration of operative facts not
presented to the contracting officer (id.). The government asserts the claim includes
no reference to the long form license agreement (id.). We find the government's
arguments unpersuasive.

        While it is true that the claim does not delineate amongst the three versions of
the license agreement, the claim specifically asserts that the government failed to
comply with the software registration procedures included in the license agreement.
This is sufficient. The record in its totality suggests that appellant does not view the
three forms as being distinct, legally separate agreements, and the government has not
been prejudiced as the record indicates that the government was fully aware of the
different forms of the license appellant had provided, e.g., the government posed
several questions to appellant during discovery regarding the different versions of the
license agreement and appellant's views of the government's responsibilities
thereunder. (R4, tabs 20-21, 25-26) The long form of the agreement was included in
the record, identifie_d as "License Agreement" with no objection from the government
(app. supp. R4, tab 8). Nor did the government either pose any objection to the
testimony provided by appellant during the hearing relating to the long form of the

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agreement, or demonstrate in its motion how it might have been prejudiced by
appellant's failure to refer to the long form of the agreement expressly as such in its
claim (tr. 1/59-64, 67-75 (testimony concerns tab 8 of app. supp. R4 which is the long
form of the license agreement); app. supp. R4, tabs 2, 8). We find that the reference in
the claim to the government's failure to comply with the software registration
requirements involve the same operative facts relating to the more detailed factual
assertions regarding the long form of the license agreement made by appellant in its
complaint. Accordingly, we also find this argument by the government for
reconsideration to be unpersuasive.

        The government also argues we erred by relying on Federal Acquisition
Regulation (FAR) Part 12.212, and the finding that the software was commercial
software as that term is used in the FAR, neither of which appellant mentioned, either
in its claim, or in its briefing (gov't mot. at 9). The government argues this necessarily
involves a new claim. While it is true appellant never mentioned FAR 12.212, this
provision sets forth the policy that commercial software purchased by the government
is subject to the terms of the license the vendor offers to other purchasers to the extent
the terms are consistent with federal law and otherwise satisfy the government's needs.
We are unaware of any precedent that would prevent us from taking into account FAR
provisions applicable to an issue that have not been cited by a party. Furthermore, we
note that our discussion of FAR 12.212 and the commercial nature of appellant's
software was a secondary rationale for our finding that the contract included the
license agreement. The fact that this is a secondary basis for ruling that the contract
included the licensing agreement means that, even if we were to agree with the
government that our reliance on FAR 12.212 was erroneous, it would not change the
ultimate ruling we made in appellant's favor. Nor do we find the government's
statement that it had no opportunity to brief this issue persuasive. The government has
had the opportunity to do so with its motion for reconsideration.

        The government also argues we erred when we determined appellant's licensing
agreement did not differ materially from the .standard licensing agreement offered to the
public. The government argues the changes appellant made to the agreement were
material because it placed an affirmative duty on the government. Again, although this
relates to our FAR 12.212 analysis, were we to accept the government's argument it
would not affect the overall ruling in appellant's favor as we do not find merit in the
government's argument. The government is also incorrect. Its argument ignores the fact
that regardless of the license agreement form involved, the government had an affirmative
duty to register the software, only the method of registration was changed, which was the
basis for our finding that the change was not material. We are also unpersuaded by the
government's reliance on the contracting officer's testimony that had he known about the
registration requirement he would have taken significantly different steps. The record, as
cited in our original opinion, indicates the contracting officer had no interest in the license
and made no effort to familiarize himself with its terms. The record also would support
finding that the contracting officer in fact did know about the registration requirements

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given appellant's testimony that it was discussed with him, although the contracting
officer testified he had no recollection of this discussion. 18-1 BCA ,I 37,084, findings
15-16. We did not find it necessary to make such a finding and do not do so now.

       Finally, the government argues we erred when we found the long form of the license
agreement was included in the box with the copies of the software sent to the government.
The basis for our finding was set forth in our opinion and the government's arguments do
not persuade us that our finding in this regard was erroneous.

                                    CONCLUSION

      We affirm our opinion and deny the government's motion for reconsideration.

      Dated: March 1, 2019

                                                  CHRISTOPtlER M. MCNULTY
                                                  Administrative Judge \
                                                  Armed Services Board
                                                  of Contract Appeals

 I concur                                         I concur

                                                  OWEN C. WILSON
 Administrative Judge                             Administrative Judge
 Acting Chairman                                  Vice Chairman
 Armed Services Board                             Armed Services Board
 of Contract Appeals                              of Contract Appeals

      I certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the Opinion and Decision of the
Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals in ASBCA No. 59913, Appeal of CiyaSoft
Corporation, rendered in conformance with the Board's Charter.

      Dated:

                                                  JEFFREY D. GARDIN
                                                  Recorder, Armed Services
                                                  Board of Contract Appeals

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