Court Opinion

ID: 3183618
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-03-08 21:22:42.953878+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:19:40.364011
License: Public Domain

Filed 3/8/16 P. v. Brown CA3
                                           NOT TO BE PUBLISHED
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

              IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
                                      THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                                     (Sacramento)
                                                            ----

THE PEOPLE,                                                                                  C078943

                   Plaintiff and Respondent,                                     (Super. Ct. No. 14F04720)

         v.

LERON BROWN,

                   Defendant and Appellant.

         The crux of this case turns on the definitions of burglary and larceny. So, we
begin with these. Burglary is committed when a person “enters any house, room, [or]
apartment . . . with intent to commit grand or petit larceny or any felony.” (Pen. Code, §
459, italics added.) Larceny is committed when a person “steal[s] or take[s] . . . the
personal property of another.” (Pen. Code, § 484, subd. (a), italics added.) Here, a jury
found defendant Leron Brown guilty of second degree burglary based on his entering an
apartment unit that had been vacated by its tenants, who had left inside an office chair
and television. The office chair and television had not been removed by apartment

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management yet because there was still time for the tenants to retrieve their property. On
appeal, defendant raises contentions challenging the sufficiency of evidence and jury
instructions. Disagreeing with these contentions, we affirm.
                   FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
       Defendant was walking around an apartment complex in the early morning
knocking on apartment doors until he found one (unit 60) where nobody answered.
Inside unit 60 were an office chair and a television that were part of a pile that included a
mattress and kids’ toys. The tenants in unit 60 had moved out recently. The property
manager had not yet hauled away these items because the tenants still had time to come
back to the apartment and retrieve their property. The property manager was alerted to
defendant’s presence at the complex when the tenant from unit 59 (which was next door
to 60) told the manager he had heard noises that sounded like somebody was walking
inside unit 60 and moving stuff. The property manager saw defendant coming out of an
elevator in the complex (with nothing in his hands), and he told defendant he needed to
leave. Defendant asked if he could quickly grab his bike, and the property manager said,
“yes.” Defendant got his bike, went around the corner, and left. Five minutes later,
though, the apartment manager saw defendant in the apartment complex pushing the
office chair and television. Police found defendant a short time later at a nearby gas
station, where he had just been hit by a car while riding his bike. In defendant’s pant
pockets were a flathead screwdriver, a pair of wire cutters, and a shaved key. Police
found the office chair and television in one of the apartment parking stalls. A jury found
defendant guilty of second degree burglary and possessing burglary tools.
                                              I
                       There Was Sufficient Evidence Of Burglary,
      And No Instructions On Mistake Of Fact Or Claim Of Right Were Warranted
       Defendant contends there was insufficient evidence he committed burglary
because there was no evidence the property was owned by someone else, as the tenants

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abandoned the office chair and television. Related to this contention is another that
defendant raises -- the court should have instructed on (or defense counsel was
ineffective in not requesting instruction on) mistake of fact (namely, defendant’s
mistaken belief that the property was abandoned or discarded) and defendant’s claim of
right (namely, defendant believed in good faith he had a right to the property and he
openly took it).
       There are two reasons these contentions are nonstarters. One, as to the sufficiency
of evidence, burglary requires only entry with the required intent; this entry constitutes
the completed crime of burglary regardless of whether any felony or theft is actually
committed. (People v. Allen (1999) 21 Cal. 4th 846, 863, fn. 18.) Thus, the perpetrator of
the burglary does not have to know exactly what is inside when he or she enters -- he or
she only has to have the unlawful intent when entering. Here, defendant was knocking
on apartment doors until he found a unit where nobody answered. Once he entered that
unit with the intent to take whatever personal property of another was inside, he
committed the crime of burglary. Moreover, there was evidence that this property had
not yet been abandoned by the tenants of unit 60, because they still had time to retrieve
the office chair and television before the property manager was going to haul them away.
       Two, as to the instructional arguments, the only defense defendant offered at trial
was the People could not prove that he even entered unit 60. There was no evidence and
thus no argument to be made that defendant believed he had a right to the office chair or
television or evidence that defendant believed the property inside belonged to nobody,
i.e., was not “the personal property of another.” (Pen. Code, § 484, subd. (a).)
                                             II
                          The Flight Instruction Was Warranted
       Defendant contends the court erred in instructing on the inference of guilt
following his flight after the burglary (CALCRIM No. 372) because the property
manager told him to leave. He argues “[t]here was no circumstantial evidence that

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[defendant]’s departure was motivated by a consciousness of guilt, or the purpose of
avoiding detection.” The problem with defendant’s contention is that it does not take into
account all the facts of defendant’s departure from the apartment complex. Namely,
although the property manager initially did tell defendant to leave and it appeared that
defendant did so, defendant returned to the complex shortly thereafter and was seen with
the stolen property. Then, the office chair and the television were discovered in an
apartment parking stall, supporting a reasonable inference that defendant feigned (initial)
departure from the apartment complex, only to return to get the office chair and
television, but abandoned the property and fled on his bike when seen again by the
property manager. Thus, there was this additional evidence that defendant did in fact flee
the apartment complex when he left the second time, after being seen pushing around the
stolen property.
                                      DISPOSITION
       The judgment is affirmed.

                                                 /s/
                                                 Robie, J.
We concur:

/s/
Nicholson, Acting P. J.

/s/
Renner, J.

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