Court Opinion

ID: 2987522
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-23 00:51:38.43105+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:52:44.926421
License: Public Domain

Affirmed and Memorandum Opinion filed March 12, 2013.

                                      In The

                    Fourteenth Court of Appeals

                              NO. 14-12-00362-CR

                  EX PARTE JORGE TORRES-MARTINEZ

                   On Appeal from the County Court at Law
                         Washington County, Texas
                       Trial Court Cause No. 2011-204

                  MEMORANDUM OPINION

      In a single issue, appellant, Jorge Torres-Martinez, contends the trial court
erred by denying his pre-trial application for writ of habeas corpus. We affirm.

                                 I. BACKGROUND

      On or around November 12, 2011, appellant was arrested in Washington
County for multiple offenses, including two traffic-related misdemeanors. County
officials notified United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”)
about appellant’s arrest. Appellant’s misdemeanors were filed in a justice of the
peace court in Washington County (“the JP court”). On November 21, 2011,
appellant was released on bonds, and the bonds were filed with the JP court a week
later. ICE took appellant into custody, retaining him in the Washington County
jail.

        Appellant was required pursuant to his bonds to contact the JP court within
ten days to schedule a preliminary hearing. It appears appellant failed to contact
the JP court, and the court issued “Criminal Summons.” The JP court, unaware
appellant was in ICE custody, sent the summons to appellant’s home address as
listed on the bonds.

        In the summons, the court notified appellant that a “BOND SHOW CAUSE
HEARING” was set for December 15, 2011 and warned that “FAILURE TO
APPEAR BEFORE THIS COURT WILL RESULT IN A WARRANT BEING
ISSUED FOR YOUR ARREST.” According to the clerk of the JP court, the
purpose of the December 15 hearing was for appellant to make an appearance and
enter a plea. When asked why the summons ominously referred to the hearing as
“BOND SHOW CAUSE HEARING” instead of “pretrial hearing” or “status
hearing,” the clerk explained, “I don’t know. That’s just how we’ve been trained
in the justice court system.”

         On December 12, 2011, the JP court received a letter of representation
from appellant’s attorney, indicating that appellant desired to plead not guilty,
waive arraignment, and request a jury trial. On December 15, 2011, the JP court
received an affidavit in which appellant’s bondsman averred he intended to
surrender appellant because he was in ICE custody. Because of this affidavit, the
JP court issued warrants for appellant’s arrest; however, the JP court has no record
that the warrants were ever served on appellant.

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      On December 15, 2011, appellant did not attend his scheduled hearing but
filed a pre-trial application for writ of habeas corpus with the County Court at Law
for Washington County (“the trial court”), arguing that he should be released from
the allegedly illegal summons.       On March 1, 2012, a hearing was held on
appellant’s application. At that time, appellant was free on bond in the ICE case,
he had not been served with the JP court’s arrest warrants, and no hearings were
pending in the JP court. The trial court denied appellant’s application.

                 II. APPLICATION FOR WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS

      In his sole issue, appellant contends the trial court erred by denying his
application for writ of habeas corpus.

A. Standard of Review

      An applicant for writ of habeas corpus bears the burden of proving his
allegations by a preponderance of the evidence. Ex parte Legrand, 291 S.W.3d 31,
35 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2009, pet. ref’d). We review a trial court’s
denial of pre-trial habeas corpus relief for abuse of discretion and consider the facts
in the light most favorable to the trial court’s ruling. Washington v. State, 326
S.W.3d 701, 704 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2010, no pet.).

B. Analysis

      Appellant argues the trial court should have granted his application for writ
of habeas corpus because the JP court issued a vague and unauthorized summons
and exceeded its contempt authority. According to appellant, he was deprived of
any real notice regarding the substance of the December 15 hearing because the
summons referred to the hearing as “BOND SHOW CAUSE HEARING” even
though it is undisputed appellant had properly obtained bond at the time the

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summons was issued. Furthermore, appellant contends the summons caused his
bondsman to surrender appellant, resulting in the issuance of his arrest warrants.

      We hold that the trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying
appellant’s application. Although reference in the summons to a “BOND SHOW
CAUSE HEARING” may be confusing, the JP court did not issue an arrest warrant
because appellant failed to appear at the hearing or otherwise hold him in
contempt. Instead, the JP court issued the warrants because the bondsman notified
the court of his intent to surrender appellant who was in ICE custody. When a
bondsman notifies a court of his intention to surrender a defendant, it is proper for
the court to issue a warrant for the arrest of the defendant. See Tex. Code Crim.
Proc. art. 17.19(b) (West Supp. 2012).

      We overrule appellant’s sole issue and affirm the trial court’s denial of
appellant’s pre-trial application for writ of habeas corpus.

                                                /s/       Margaret Garner Mirabal
                                                          Senior Justice

Panel consists of Justices Boyce, McCally, and Mirabal.1
Do Not Publish — Tex. R. App. P. 47.2(b).

      1
          Senior Justice Margaret Garner Mirabal sitting by assignment.

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