Court Opinion

ID: 4578314
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-10-19 19:00:06.34344+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:28:11.816480
License: Public Domain

ARMED SERVICES BOARD OF CONTRACT APPEALS

Appeal of --                                   )
                                               )
Wright Brothers, the Building Company,         )       ASBCA No. 62285
 Eagle LLC                                     )
                                               )
Under Contract No. FA4528-14-C-3001            )

APPEARANCE FOR THE APPELLANT:                        Samuel A. Diddle, Esq.
                                                      Eberle, Berlin, Kading, Turnbow &
                                                       McKlveen, Chtd.
                                                      Boise, ID

APPEARANCES FOR THE GOVERNMENT:                      Jeffrey P. Hildebrant, Esq.
                                                      Air Force Deputy Chief Trial Attorney
                                                     Lori R. Shapiro, Esq.
                                                      Trial Attorney

         OPINION BY ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE STINSON ON THE
      GOVERNMENT’S MOTION TO DISMISS FOR LACK OF JURIDICTION

        Appellant, Wright Brothers, The Building Company, Eagle LLC (Wright
Brothers), appeals a contracting officer’s September 27, 2019, final decision denying, in
part, appellant’s claim seeking an equitable adjustment for alleged government delay
costs in the amount of $753,816.77 (R4, tabs 98, 109). The government filed a motion to
dismiss the appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, alleging that appellant failed to
properly certify its claim as required by the Contract Disputes Act (CDA), 41 U.S.C.
§§ 7101-7109. For the reasons stated below, we deny the government’s motion.

         STATEMENT OF FACTS (SOF) FOR PURPOSES OF THE MOTION

       1. On September 26, 2014, the government awarded Wright Brothers Contract
No. FA4528-14-C-3001 in the amount of $3,791,573.00, for the repair and renovation of
Building 1113WSA located at Minot Air Force Base, in Minot, North Dakota (R4, tab 9).
The notice to proceed was issued on November 14, 2014 (R4, tab 24). The original
contract period was 365 days, to commence upon issuance of the notice to proceed (R4,
tab 9 at 1). Bilateral Modification No. P00011 extended the contract performance period
to September 3, 2017 (R4, tab 20).

      2. Wright Brothers submitted to the contracting officer a letter from its counsel
dated May 30, 2019, seeking a “final equitable adjustment” for alleged
government-caused delays. The letter referenced a “request for an equitable adjustment
which has been referred to as COR 020.” The letter stated that appellant “is submitting
its claim in an effort to bring closure to this project through mutual agreement and to
avoid adversarial adjudication of a claim.” The letter also referenced a “final Change
Order Request . . . itemized on COR020 dated May 28, 2019” and “a prior version of
COR 020 dated September 27, 2018.” (R4, tab 98 at 1-2) Included with the letter as an
attachment was a cost breakdown for COR 020, also dated May 28, 2019, seeking a
change order in the total amount of $753,816.77 (R4, tab 98c at 2). Also included with
the letter as an attachment was a certification stating:

                I certify pursuant to 10 USC § 2410 that the claim set forth in
                COR 020 (revised March 29, 2019) and with its supporting
                records, is made in good faith; that the supporting data are
                accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge and
                belief; that the amount requested accurately reflects the
                contract adjustment for which Wright Brothers, The Building
                Company LLC believes the Government is liable; and that I
                am duly authorized to certify the claim on behalf of Wright
                Brothers, The Building Company LLC.

                       Wright Brothers, The Building Company LLC.

                       By: __________________________________
                       Trevor Wright, Member and Principal

(R4, tab 98d)1

      3. By email dated July 11, 2019, the contracting officer inquired from appellant as
follows:

                My team is in the process of reviewing all of the
                documentation that was sent to my office on June 28th. Can
                you clarify if this is a Change Order Request, Request for
                Equitable Adjustment, or Claim? The reason I ask is because

1   The copy of this certification in the government appeal file submitted pursuant to Board
         Rule 4 contains no signature of Mr. Wright (R4, tab 98d). Appellant alleges that
         the May 30, 2019, letter, “included a certification page fully compliant with
         41 U.S.C. § 7103(b)(1)” (app. resp. at 2). Appellant submitted with its
         supplemental appeal file a signed copy of a certification, identified in appellant’s
         Rule 4 index as “Executed Certification included with COR020,” and a date stated
         in the index of May 31, 2019 (app. supp. R4, tab 1; see “Appellant’s Rule 4 Index
         – Supplemental”).

                                               2
                there was a claim certification in the paperwork, but it was
                not signed.

(R4, tab 100)

         4. By letter dated July 12, 2019, appellant’s counsel stated:

                I am responding to your email dated July 11, 2019 to Trevor
                Wright to confirm that the submission sent to you on May
                30, 2019 represented a certified claim and request for
                contracting officer’s decision. The original certification
                transmitted under cover of my letter dated May 30, 2019 was
                executed. I am providing you with another copy of that letter
                and certification which is the form prescribed by FAR
                33.207(c) and executed by an authorized representative of
                Wright Brothers.

(R4, tab 101 at 2)

       5. Appellant’s July 12, 2019 letter, included a copy of the May 30, 2019, letter
(R4, tab 101 at 3). The July 12th letter also included a certification with identical
wording and formatting as the certification submitted with the May 30, 2019, letter,
signed by Mr. Wright (R4, tab 101 at 9).2 The certification submitted with the July 12,
2019 letter, does not indicate the date Mr. Wright affixed his signature to the document.

         6. By letter dated July 30, 2019, the contracting officer informed appellant:

                In accordance with FAR 33.21(c)(2) – Contracting Officer’s
                Decision, this letter provides notice that a decision on the
                claim, referenced as COR020 in your counsel’s letter dated
                30 May 2019 and initially received with defective
                certification on 31 May 2019, will be sent to you on
                27 September 2019. This date is based on the size and
                complexity of the claim, and the adequacy of the contractor's
                supporting data.

2   Appellant’s response to the government’s motion to dismiss states that the certification
        sent with the July 12, 2019, letter, was “the identical certification page from the
        claim previously transmitted” (app. resp. at 3 (citing R4, tab 101)). The
        government disagrees, stating “[d]espite WBTBC’s contention in its Response that
        a signed certification accompanied this submission, WBTBC produced no signed
        certification for this submission” (gov’t reply at 2).

                                               3
(R4, tab 102 at 2) The contracting officer also informed appellant that the government
“would like to resolve the remaining items, detailed below, through mutual agreement,
driven by discussion between the Contracting Officer and the Contractor” (id.).

       7. By letter dated August 20, 2019, appellant requested confirmation regarding
the sufficiency of its claim certification:

              Initially I would like to confirm that any perceived deficiency
              in the May 31, 2019 certification was cured by virtue of my
              letter dated July 12, 2019. While we do not agree that the
              initial certification was in any way deficient, we would
              appreciate it if you would respond indicating that you no
              longer perceive Wright Brothers, The Building Company’s
              (“Wright Brothers”) certification is defective in any way.

(R4, tab 103 at 2) Appellant’s August 20, 2019, letter, also confirmed its interest in
resolving certain items contained in the claim and provided additional information
regarding those items (R4, tab 103 at 2-7).

       8. On September 3, 2019, the parties held a telephone conference in which the
parties discussed the issue of whether appellant submitted a properly certified claim. On
September 5, 2019, the contracting officer provided appellant with a memorandum
stating, in part, “[a]s a follow-up to my conversation with Mr. Samuel Diddle on
3 September 2019, the Government considers the claim to have been cured by the letter
provided on 12 July 2019.” The memorandum also stated its concurrence with amounts
sought by appellant for Items 110 and 111 of its claim, and identified as remaining
unresolved, Items 108(d) and (e), and 109. (R4, tab 104)

       9. Appellant prepared a spreadsheet dated September 12, 2019, reflecting cost
items contained in appellant’s claim that were resolved by the parties, in the amount of
$241,257.67 (R4, tab 106).

       10. Bilateral Modification No. P00013, effective September 19, 2019, detailed the
resolved cost items from appellant’s claim, as follows:

              The purpose of this modification is to:

              A. Incorporate Items 101-107, 108A, 108B, 108C, 108F and
              110-112 from COR 020.

              B. Increase the contract amount by $241,257.67 (CLIN 0003)
              increasing the total contract value from $4,378,446.82 to
              $4,619,704.49.

                                             4
              C. In consideration of the modification agreed to herein as
              complete equitable adjustments for the Contractor's COR 020
              items, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108A, 108B, 108C,
              108F, 110, 111 and 112, the Contractor hereby releases the
              Government from any and all liability under this contract for
              further equitable adjustments attributable to such facts or
              circumstances giving rise to COR 020 items: 101, 102, 103,
              104, 105, 106, 107, 108A, 108B, 108C, 108F, 110, 111 and
              112.

(R4, tab 22 at 1-2)

        11. Appellant prepared a spreadsheet dated September 24, 2019, reflecting
remaining cost items contained in appellant’s claim that were not resolved by the parties,
in the amount of $455,693.14. The items that remained unresolved were Items 108(d)
and (e), and 109. (R4, tab 108)

        12. On September 27, 2019, the contracting officer issued a final decision stating,
in part:

              1. Wright Brothers the Building Company (WB) has
              submitted a claim for contract number FA4528-14-C-3001,
              certified and received by the Government on 12 Jul 2019, in
              the amount of $753,816.77. Mutual agreement resulted in
              some items originally claimed being incorporated into the
              contract by a modification for $241,257.67. The remaining
              confirmed amount after modification is $455,693.14.

                        ....

              [3.]e. On 11 Jul 2019, the Government requested clarification
              by email whether COR 020 was a claim or request for
              equitable adjustment since the claim certification was not
              signed.

              f. On 12 Jul 2019, the Government received a response from
              Eberle Berlin, that COR 020 was a claim and that the original
              certification was signed 30 May 2019. Eberle Berlin
              provided a signed copy with their response.

(R4, tab 109 at 2, 4)

                                             5
       13. On November 27, 2019, appellant filed its notice of appeal of the contracting
officer’s final decision, stating, in part:

              The monetary amount in controversy is $455,693.14 plus
              interest and attorney fees and costs to which Wright Brothers
              may be entitled under the Equal Access to Justice Act.
              Wright Brothers’ claim has been fully set forth in
              correspondence and emails dated May 30, 2019; July 12,
              2019; August 20, 2019; and September 11, 2019.

(R4, tab 110 at 2)

                                        DECISION

       It is well established that “[t]he linchpin of the Board’s jurisdiction over a
contractor claim is the contractor’s submission of a proper claim to the CO for a
decision” and that “[p]ursuant to the CDA, a contractor must submit a certification to the
CO for any claim exceeding $100,000.” Areyana Grp. of Constr. Co., ASBCA
No. 60649, 18-1 BCA ¶ 37,192 at 181,056. The government has filed a motion to
dismiss appellant’s appeal for lack of jurisdiction, alleging improper claim certification
(gov’t mot. at 1).

        There is no dispute that the certification here met the CDA requirement of stating
that:

              (A) the claim is made in good faith;

              (B) the supporting data are accurate and complete to the best
              of the contractor's knowledge and belief;

              (C) the amount requested accurately reflects the contract
              adjustment for which the contractor believes the Federal
              Government is liable; and

              (D) the certifier is authorized to certify the claim on behalf of
              the contractor.

41 U.S.C. § 7103(b)(1); see also 48 C.F.R. § 33.207(c) (setting forth certification
language).

        Although the parties disagree whether the certification submitted with the May 30,
2019, letter, was executed by Mr. Wright, there is no dispute that a signed version of the
certification was submitted to the government by letter dated July 12, 2019 (SOF ¶ 5),

                                              6
and that certification met the CDA requirement of being “executed by an individual
authorized to bind the contractor with respect to the claim.” 41 U.S.C. § 7103(b)(2).

        According to the government (gov’t mot. at 6), the certification’s alleged fatal
defect is its reference to appellant’s “claim set forth in COR 020 (revised March 29,
2019)” (SOF ¶ 2). 3 According to the government, this defect resulted in “the complete
absence of a certification” that “cannot be corrected and is fatal to the Board’s
jurisdiction” (gov’t mot. at 6) (citing Kirlin Builders, LLC, ASBCA No. 61901, 20-1
BCA ¶ 37,485). As support, the government argues, “[t]here is no evidence in the record
demonstrating that the certification corresponds to the May 30, 2019 claim,” because the
certification submitted by appellant (see SOF ¶¶ 2, 5) references a different date, i.e., the
“claim set forth in COR 020 (revised March 29, 2019),” not May 30, 2019 (gov’t mot.
at 6). Appellant disagrees, stating, “the certification page specifically references
COR020 and the record contains more than ample evidence ‘demonstrating’ that the
certification page corresponds to the May 30, 2019 claim,” of which it was a part (app.
resp. at 4).

       We agree with appellant. First, the record establishes that appellant submitted to
the government as an attachment to appellant’s May 30, 2019, letter, a CDA certification
that pertained to appellant’s claim, along with a cost breakdown of COR 020, dated
May 28, 2020 (SOF ¶ 2). Second, the contracting officer sought clarification whether the
May 30, 2019, letter, was a claim, noting that “there was a claim certification in the
paperwork, but it was not signed” (SOF ¶ 3). Third, appellant’s July 12, 2019, letter,
confirmed appellant’s position that its May 30, 2019, letter, was a claim, and included a
signed version of the claim certification, as well as a copy of the May 30, 2019, letter
(SOF ¶¶ 4-5). 4 Fourth, the contracting officer subsequently confirmed that “the
Government considers the claim to have been cured by the letter provided on 12 July
2019” (SOF ¶ 8). The government’s assertion that “there is a complete absence of a
CDA certification that deprives this Board of jurisdiction” (gov’t mot. at 6), is simply
incorrect.5

3 The record contains no evidence of, nor do the parties assert the existence of, a
       March 29, 2019 claim or a March 29, 2019 version of COR 020 (gov’t mot. at 1
       (citing R4, tab 98 at 2, which references “[t]he final Change Order Request . . .
       itemized on COR020 dated May 28, 2019” and “a prior version of COR 020 dated
       September 27, 2018”)).
4 During the period of claim submission and consideration, it appears neither party

       addressed the significance or import of the reference to appellant’s “claim set forth
       in COR 020 (revised March 29, 2019)” in its certification (see SOF ¶¶ 6, 8)
       (discussing sufficiency of claim certification).
5 For purposes of deciding the government’s jurisdictional motion, we need not determine

       at this juncture whether the May 30, 2019, letter, was a properly certified claim, or
       whether the certification included with that letter as an attachment was properly

                                              7
        The government cites our decision in Anwar Alsabah Co., ASBCA No. 59737-937,
15-1 BCA ¶ 35,907, as support for its argument that the certification here did not comply
with the CDA (gov’t reply at 4-5). In that appeal, the appellant filed a December 12, 2014
petition, requesting the Board order the contracting officer to issue a final decision on
appellant’s September 2010 payment request. The government argued that appellant had
not submitted a properly-certified claim to the contracting officer. The record contained a
December 3, 2014, CDA certification, dated just nine days prior to appellant’s petition to
the Board, which appellant proffered as its claim certification. We dismissed the appeal
for lack of jurisdiction based upon improper claim certification, holding that appellant
failed to provide evidence that it had provided the December 3, 2014, certification, to the
contracting officer with a payment request. Id. at 175,525. Here, it is undisputed that
appellant submitted to the contracting officer a certification with its May 30, 2019, letter
(although the parties disagree whether that certification was signed), and subsequently
submitted to the contracting officer a signed version of that certification, along with a
corresponding copy of the May 30, 2019, letter (SOF ¶¶ 2, 4-5).

       The government argues, “[t]he fact that the contracting officer issued a final
decision cannot remedy the lack of a certification as subject matter jurisdiction cannot be
conferred by the parties” (gov’t mot. at 6). We agree that a contracting officer has “no
authority to waive a requirement that Congress imposed.” Paul E. Lehman, Inc. v.
United States, 230 Ct. Cl. 11, 17, 673 F.2d 352, 356 (1982). However, to determine
whether appellant submitted a certification with its claim here, we do not look to, or rely
upon, the fact that the contracting officer issued a final decision on appellant’s claim.
Rather, we look to the surrounding circumstances, including the correspondence between
the parties, which make clear that the certification applied to the claim (SOF ¶¶ 6, 8).
Consistent with our finding, it is not surprising that the record reflects that both parties
believed, during the claim submission process, that appellant had certificated its claim
(SOF ¶¶ 4-8).

       The government also suggests that appellant’s claim certification was lacking
because appellant submitted uncertified updates to its claim prior to issuance of the final
decision (gov’t reply at 1 n.1). The record establishes, however, that these updates were
the result of negotiations between the parties that ultimately reduced, through
compromise, the amount sought by appellant, thereby reducing the amount in controversy

       executed, as it is undisputed that appellant submitted to the contracting officer a
       signed version of its certification on July 12, 2019, and ultimately satisfied the
       government’s concerns whether appellant had submitted a properly certified claim
       (SOF ¶¶ 3-8). This factual issue could require resolution, however, in the event
       appellant ultimately prevails in this appeal, as it would bear upon the date the
       contracting officer received appellant’s claim, which is relevant for purposes of
       determining CDA interest. 41 U.S.C. § 7109(a).

                                             8
from $753,816.77 to $455,693.14 (SOF ¶¶ 6-12). As noted by appellant, “the items
identified on revised spreadsheets as remaining in dispute are the same as the items in the
May 30, 2019 claim” (app. resp. at 11). These updates to appellant’s claim did not
require any additional certification. Tom Shaw, Inc., ASBCA No. 28596 et al., 95-1
BCA ¶ 27,457 at 136,774, aff'd on reconsid., 96-1 BCA ¶ 28,007 (“appellant’s claim
revisions constituted an attempt at accuracy, with dollars claimed for specific items both
increasing and decreasing. At all times, the underlying claim allegations remained the
same and the cost modifications did not constitute new claims requiring additional
certification”).

        The government requests that, “[i]n the event the Board finds the certification is
merely defective,” the Board require appellant to “provide a corrected certification within
14 days of the Board’s Order” (gov’t mot. at 1). In so requesting, the government recognizes
that “[a] defective certification does not deprive the Board of jurisdiction over a claim”
(gov’t mot. at 6) (citing 41 U.S.C. § 7103(b) and (c); DAI Global v. Adm’r of the United
States Agency for Int’l Dev., 945 F.3d 1196, 1198 (Fed. Cir. 2019)). Section 7103(b)(3) of
the CDA states:

              A defect in the certification of a claim does not deprive a
              court or an agency board of jurisdiction over the claim. Prior
              to the entry of a final judgment by a court or a decision by an
              agency board, the court or agency board shall require a
              defective certification to be corrected.

41 U.S.C. § 7103(b)(3).

        The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) defines defective certification as “a
certificate which alters or otherwise deviates from the language in 33.207(c) or which is
not executed by a person authorized to bind the contractor with respect to the claim.”
48 C.F.R. § 33.201. FAR 33.207(c) provides:

              The certification shall state as follows:

              I certify that the claim is made in good faith; that the
              supporting data are accurate and complete to the best of my
              knowledge and belief; that the amount requested accurately
              reflects the contract adjustment for which the contractor
              believes the Government is liable; and that I am duly
              authorized to certify the claim on behalf of the contractor.

48 C.F.R. § 33.207(c).

                                              9
       We note that the CDA contains no explicit requirement that a certification include
the date it is signed. However, “[t]he certification should speak as of the time of its
submission to the contracting officer, and not as of some prior date.” Loral Fairchild
Corp., ASBCA No. 45719, 95-1 BCA ¶ 27,425 at 136,682. In Loral Fairchild, we held
that a misdated certification was defective, stating:

              Appellant’s second certification accompanied its claim
              resubmitted on 21 April 1992 (finding 12). The entry of
              “4 December 1990” following the text of the certification
              rendered the certification defective by causing the
              certification not to apply to the claim as submitted in April
              1992. Hence, in that sense it was a “defective certification.”
Id. We likewise held, however, that the defective certification was correctable. Id.

        As noted above, the alleged certification defect here is appellant’s reference to the
“claim set forth in COR 020 (revised March 29, 2019)” (SOF ¶ 2). Section 7103(b)(1) of
the CDA and section 33.207(c) of the FAR both are explicit as to the required
certification language. Appellant included language not required or specified in the CDA
or the FAR when it referenced “the claim set forth in COR 020 (revised March 29,
2019)” as an identifier for COR 020. The result was confusion as to what specifically
appellant was referencing, albeit confusion that arose only after the advent of this
litigation. In the context of this appeal, in addition to constituting language not required
by statute or regulation, the certification included reference to an identifier for COR 020
that apparently had no connection to the claim actually being certified. To that extent,
given the confusion it sowed, it warrants correction.

        The certification here also includes the statement that it is made “pursuant to
10 USC § 2410” (SOF ¶¶ 2, 5). That statute, however, concerns not CDA claim
certification, but rather certification of requests for equitable adjustment. Kirlin Builders,
20-1 BCA at 182,071. Neither party addresses the significance or import of appellant’s
reference to section 2410 in the certification.

        To the extent appellant’s reference to “the claim set forth in COR 020 (revised
March 29, 2019)”, and 10 U.S.C. § 2410, “alters or otherwise deviates from the language
in 33.207(c),” those “defects” can be cured. 48 C.F.R. § 33.201; 41 U.S.C. § 7103(b)(3).
Accordingly, appellant is ORDERED to correct the defects in its certification as soon as
is practical, but certainly prior to any decision on the merits entered by the Board in this
appeal, as required by 41 U.S.C. § 7103(b)(3).

                                             10
                                     CONCLUSION

        We possess jurisdiction to consider Wright Brothers’ appeal of the contracting
officer’s final decision. The government’s motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction is
denied. Appellant shall timely submit to the Board a corrected certification conforming
to the requirements of 41 U.S.C. § 7103(b) and 48 C.F.R. § 33.207(c), as discussed
above.

      Dated: October 8, 2020

                                                  DAVID B. STINSON
                                                  Administrative Judge
                                                  Armed Services Board
                                                  of Contract Appeals

 I concur                                          I concur

 RICHARD SHACKLEFORD                               J. REID PROUTY
 Administrative Judge                              Administrative Judge
 Acting Chairman                                   Vice Chairman
 Armed Services Board                              Armed Services Board
 of Contract Appeals                               of Contract Appeals

                                           11
      I certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the Opinion and Decision of the
Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals in ASBCA No. 62285, Appeal of Wright
Brothers, the Building Company, Eagle LLC, rendered in conformance with the Board’s
Charter.

      Dated: October 13, 2020

                                              PAULLA K. GATES-LEWIS
                                              Recorder, Armed Services
                                              Board of Contract Appeals

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