Court Opinion

ID: 3164834
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-12-22 19:12:14.979886+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:17:02.316926
License: Public Domain

Filed
                                                                                         Washington State
                                                                                         Court of Appeals
                                                                                          Division Two

                                                                                        December 22, 2015

    IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

                                         DIVISION II
 In re the Matter of the Personal Restraint                          No. 47141-8-II
 Petition of

 STEWART MICHAEL RIGGS,

                                Petitioner.

                                                              UNPUBLISHED OPINION

        JOHANSON, C.J. — Stewart Riggs petitions for relief from confinement following his

guilty plea to one count of second degree identity theft. He claims that his restraint is unlawful

because (1) his judgment and sentence is facially invalid because his sentence combined with his

community custody exceeds the statutory maximum sentence, (2) his entire sentence amounts to

an exceptional sentence without any aggravating sentencing factors, (3) defense counsel’s failure

to object to his sentence denied him his right to effective assistance of counsel, (4) the prosecutor

violated the plea agreement by advocating for a sentence longer than agreed to in the plea bargain,

(5) the sentencing court applied the wrong statute in imposing community custody, and (6) his plea

bargain was involuntary because he agreed to only a 60-month sentence. We grant this petition in

part and deny it in part.
No. 47141-8-II

                                              FACTS

       Petitioner pleaded guilty to one count of second degree identity theft on October 5, 2010,

and he was sentenced that same day to 54 months of confinement and 12 months of community

custody. The judgment and sentence includes a written notation stating, “[N]ot to exceed the

statutory maximum of 60 months.” Pet. Attach. at 6.

                                            ANALYSIS

       RCW 10.73.090(1) imposes a one-year time limit for collateral attacks on a judgment and

sentence:

       No petition or motion for collateral attack on a judgment and sentence in a criminal
       case may be filed more than one year after the judgment becomes final if the
       judgment and sentence is valid on its face and was rendered by a court of competent
       jurisdiction.

       A personal restraint petition is a collateral attack on a judgment and sentence. RCW

10.73.090(2). As petitioner did not appeal, his judgment and sentence became final upon

sentencing. RCW 10.73.090(3). Thus, more than one year elapsed between when his judgment

was final and when he filed the current petition on January 8, 2015. Petitioner may, however,

assert any of the six exceptions to this time bar set out in RCW 10.73.100.1 A petition that contains

both timely and untimely claims must be dismissed as a mixed petition. In re Pers. Restraint of

Stenson, 150 Wash. 2d 207, 220, 76 P.3d 241 (2003). Even with a mixed petition, however, this

court will address challenges to the facial validity of the judgment and sentence. Stenson, 150
Wash. 2d at 221. “Because the ‘valid on its face’ precondition is an exception, once the one-year

1
  These exceptions are for (1) newly discovered evidence, (2) being convicted of a statute that is
unconstitutional, (3) a conviction violating the double jeopardy clause, (4) insufficiency of the
evidence, (5) a sentence imposed in excess of the court’s jurisdiction, and (6) a significant change
in the law.
                                                2
No. 47141-8-II

time limit has run, a petitioner may seek relief only for the defect that renders the judgment not

valid on its face (or one of the exceptions listed in RCW 10.73.100).” In re Pers. Restraint of

Adams, 178 Wash. 2d 417, 424, 309 P.3d 451 (2013).

                         I. SENTENCE EXCEEDING STATUTORY MAXIMUM

       Petitioner claims that his judgment and sentence is invalid on its face because his

confinement and community custody combined exceed the statutory maximum sentence of 60

months. See RCW 9.35.020(3); RCW 9A.20.030(1)(c). We agree.

       In In re Personal Restraint of Brooks, 166 Wash. 2d 664, 675, 211 P.3d 1023 (2009), the

court held that a written notation similar to that here, that the total term of confinement and

community custody could not exceed the statutory maximum, was sufficient to comply with

statutory requirements. But after Brooks, the legislature required the trial court to reduce a

defendant’s term of community custody to avoid a sentence in excess of the statutory maximum.

RCW 9.94A.701(9); State v. Boyd, 174 Wash. 2d 470, 472, 275 P.3d 321 (2012). Petitioner was

sentenced after this legislative change and, therefore, petitioner’s judgment and sentence is invalid.

We remand this issue to the trial court to either amend the community custody term or resentence

petitioner. Boyd, 174 Wash. 2d at 473.

                                    II. EXCEPTIONAL SENTENCE

       Petitioner claims that he received an exceptional sentence because the combination of his

confinement and community custody exceeded the statutory maximum of 60 months. But the

sentencing court imposed 54 months of confinement, which is both within the standard range and

less than the statutory maximum. His claim fails.

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No. 47141-8-II

                            III. INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL

       Petitioner claims that defense counsel’s failure to challenge the length of his sentence

denied him his right to effective assistance of counsel. But he fails to show how this error renders

his judgment and sentence invalid on its face or any exception that allows him to raise this untimely

claim and, therefore, this court cannot address this issue.

                               IV. VIOLATION OF PLEA AGREEMENT

       Petitioner claims that the prosecutor violated the plea agreement by recommending 54

months of confinement rather than the agreed amount of 50 months. But he fails to show how this

alleged error renders his judgment and sentence invalid on its face or any exception that allows

him to raise this untimely claim and, therefore, this court cannot address this issue.

                             V. IMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY CUSTODY

       Petitioner claims that the sentencing court relied on RCW 9.94A.728 rather than RCW

9.94A.701(3)(a) in imposing community custody.                Petitioner was lawfully sentenced to

community custody under RCW 9.94A.701(3)(a) and is also subject to the terms and conditions

of RCW 9.94A.728 dealing with earned release. Petitioner fails to show how this alleged error

renders his judgment and sentence invalid on its face or any exception that allows him to raise this

untimely claim and, therefore, this court cannot address this issue.

                                     VI. INVOLUNTARY PLEA

       Petitioner claims that his plea agreement was involuntary because his sentence exceeded

the sentence he agreed to in pleading guilty. But he fails to show how this alleged error renders

his judgment and sentence invalid on its face or any exception that allows him to raise this untimely

claim and, therefore, this court cannot address this issue.

                                                  4
No. 47141-8-II

        We grant this petition in part and deny it in part. The matter is remanded to the trial court

to either amend the community custody term or resentence petitioner.

        A majority of the panel having determined that this opinion will not be printed in the

Washington Appellate Reports, but will be filed for public record in accordance with RCW 2.06.040,

it is so ordered.

                                                      JOHANSON, C.J.
 We concur:

 MAXA, J.

 SUTTON, J.

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