Court Opinion

ID: 8375114
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-10-21 09:11:29.384902+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:46:28.622240
License: Public Domain

IN THE
                         TENTH COURT OF APPEALS

                                No. 10-21-00289-CV

AL'S ELECTRIC, LLC AND
ALTON LABRECQUE,
                                                           Appellants
v.

DANIEL C. MCNEELY,
                                                           Appellee

                          From the County Court at Law
                               Ellis County, Texas
                            Trial Court No. 15-C-3094

                          MEMORANDUM OPINION

      Daniel C. McNeely sued Al’s Electric, LLC and Alton Labrecque for breach of

contract. Al’s Electric and Labrecque answered separately, and only Al’s Electric filed a

counterclaim against McNeely for breach of contract and quantum meruit. McNeely filed

a traditional motion for summary judgment against Al’s Electric and Labrecque only on

McNeely’s claim, although acknowledging Al’s Electric had filed a counterclaim. The

trial court granted McNeely’s motion but also “finally dispose[d] of all claims in this

case.” On appeal, Al’s Electric and Labrecque complain about the trial court’s summary
judgment order and the award of attorney’s fees to McNeely. 1 Because the trial court

erred in disposing of Al’s Electric’s counterclaims and erred in granting summary

judgment on McNeely’s claim against Al’s Electric but did not err in granting summary

judgment on McNeely’s claim against Labrecque, the trial court’s judgment is affirmed

in part and reversed and this case is remanded, in part, for further proceedings.

BACKGROUND

        As alleged in his original petition, McNeely hired “Defendant” 2 to provide

electrical services for an airplane hangar and paid $9,000 for the work that had been done.

McNeely alleged that all work had not been performed and that when failures were

communicated, “Defendant” acted in an “extreme and outrageous way,” refused to cure

any defects, and continued to perform work “in breach of the Plaintiff’s and the

Contractor’s expressed instructions.” McNeely alleged he had to hire another electrician

to repair and finish the electrical work at an expense of $16,361.

SUMMARY JUDGMENT

        In four issues, Al’s Electric and Labrecque contend the trial court erred in granting

summary judgment because 1) the summary judgment evidence makes no mention of

Al’s Electric; 2) the motion sought summary judgment solely on McNeely’s breach of

1
  Al’s Electric and Labrecque filed a joint brief. Issues One, Two, and Three relate only to Al’s Electric, and
Issue Four relates only to Labrecque. Issues Five and Six, regarding attorney’s fees, relate to Labrecque
and Al’s Electric, respectively.

2
 The petition specifically names Al’s Electric as “Defendant.” Labrecque is named as a party but is not
given the description “Defendant.” McNeely alleges he and “Defendant” entered into the contract and that
“Defendant” failed to perform.

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                                                   Page 2
contract claim; 3) the order granted judgment against Al’s Electric and Labrecque, jointly

and severally; and 4) Labrecque raised a fact issue by stating the electrical work had been

completed. We discuss the second issue, first.

        —Al’s Electric’s counterclaims

        In the second issue, Al’s Electric contends that the trial court erred in disposing of

Al’s Electric’s counterclaims for breach of contract and quantum meruit when they were

not the subject of McNeely’s motion for summary judgment. We agree with Al’s Electric.

        It is well-recognized that a summary judgment movant may not be granted

judgment as a matter of law on a cause of action not addressed in a summary judgment

proceeding, and that granting a summary judgment on a claim not addressed in the

summary judgment motion is reversible error. G & H Towing Co., 347 S.W.3d at 297; Black

v. Victoria Lloyds Ins. Co., 797 S.W.2d 20, 27 (Tex. 1990); Chessher v. Southwestern Bell

Telephone Co., 658 S.W.2d 563, 564 (Tex. 1983). McNeely moved for summary judgment

on his breach of contract claim. While acknowledging Al’s Electric filed a counterclaim,

McNeely did not move for summary judgment on Al’s Electric’s claims. Because the trial

court’s Order Granting Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment stated that it “finally

dispose[d] of all claims in this case [,]” the order became final for purposes of appeal and

erroneously disposed of Al’s Electric’s claims. See G & H Towing Co. v. Magee, 347 S.W.3d

293, 298 (Tex. 2011). See also Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191, 200 (Tex. 2001).

        Issue Two is sustained.

        Now we must also determine whether the summary judgment was correctly

granted as to McNeely’s claim and move to those issues on appeal.

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                                    Page 3
        —Standard of Review

        We review a trial court's decision to grant or deny a summary judgment de

novo. Tex. Mun. Power Agency v. Pub. Util. Comm'n of Tex., 253 S.W.3d 184, 192 (Tex.

2007); Valence Operating Co. v. Dorsett, 164 S.W.3d 656, 661 (Tex. 2005). To prevail on

a traditional motion for summary judgment, the movant must show that no genuine

issue of material fact exists and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of

law. TEX. R. CIV. P. 166a(c); Sw. Elec. Power Co. v. Grant, 73 S.W.3d 211, 215 (Tex.

2002). The movant must conclusively establish its right to judgment as a matter of

law. See MMP, Ltd. v. Jones, 710 S.W.2d 59, 60 (Tex. 1986). A matter is conclusively

established if reasonable people could not differ as to the conclusion to be drawn from

the evidence. See City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 816 (Tex. 2005).

        If the movant meets its burden, the burden then shifts to the non-movant to raise

a genuine issue of material fact precluding summary judgment. See Centeq Realty, Inc. v.

Siegler, 899 S.W.2d 195, 197 (Tex. 1995). The evidence raises a genuine issue of material

fact if reasonable and fair-minded jurors could differ in their conclusions in light of all of

the summary-judgment evidence. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. v. Mayes, 236 S.W.3d 754,

755 (Tex. 2007). We take as true all evidence favorable to the non-movant, and we indulge

every reasonable inference and resolve any doubt in the non-movant's favor. Valence

Operating Co. v. Dorsett, 164 S.W.3d 656, 661 (Tex. 2005).

        —Insufficient Evidence of Al’s Electric’s Breach

        In Issue One, Al’s Electric contends the trial court erred in granting summary

judgment against Al’s Electric because the summary judgment evidence is insufficient to

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                                    Page 4
establish a breach of contract by Al’s Electric.

        McNeely’s evidence in support of his motion for summary judgment consisted of

his affidavit, an affidavit of his expert and contractor, and an affidavit from his attorney

in support of a claim for attorney’s fees. In his affidavit, McNeely only references

Labrecque, not Al’s Electric. For example, he alleged he contracted with Labrecque, he

paid Labrecque, Labrecque breached the contract, and he had to fix Labrecque’s work.

Likewise, the expert’s affidavit and attached report focuses only on Labrecque. The

expert encountered and worked with Labrecque and reviewed Labrecque’s work or the

work of Labrecque’s employee, Gary. The only time Al’s Electric is even mentioned is in

the expert’s report, in which the expert states, “McNeely introduced me to Alton

Labrecque, owner of Al’s Electric.” There was no summary judgment evidence that

McNeely had a contract with Al’s Electric or that Al’s Electric breached the contract if

there was one.

        As the movant, McNeely was required to show that no genuine issue of material

fact exists and conclusively establish his right to judgment as a matter of law. In our de

novo review, and taking as true all evidence favorable to Al’s Electric, McNeely did not

satisfy his burden to establish his right to judgment as a matter of law against Al’s

Electric.

        Issue One is sustained.

        —Joint and Several Liability

        In Issue Three, Al’s Electric complains that the trial court erred in awarding

judgment against both Al’s Electric and Labrecque, jointly and severally. Joint and

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                                  Page 5
several liability is appropriate in contract cases when two or more persons promise the

same performance. Bluestar Energy, Inc. v. Murphy, 205 S.W.3d 96, 99 (Tex. App.—

Eastland 2006, pet. denied); see CTTI Priesmeyer, Inc. v. K & O Ltd. P'ship, 164 S.W.3d 675,

684 (Tex. App.—Austin 2005, no pet.). Because we have held that McNeely did not satisfy

his burden to establish his right to judgment as a matter of law against Al’s Electric for

breach of contract, the trial court erred in awarding judgment against Al’s Electric, jointly

and severally with Labrecque.

        Issue Three is sustained.

        —Against Labrecque

        In Issue Four, Labrecque complains that summary judgment should not have been

granted against him because he raised a genuine issue of material fact precluding

summary judgment. Specifically, Labrecque contends that he raised a genuine issue of

material fact in a motion to dismiss, signed by Labrecque and presented for filing six days

after McNeely’s motion for summary judgment was filed, by stating the electrical work

was provided as required by the contract. The gist of the document in the record pointed

to by Labrecque is a request to dismiss Labrecque from the suit because Al’s Electric

contracted with McNeely, and thus, Labrecque, as an individual, cannot be sued. 3 This

document does not raise a genuine issue of material fact, one that reasonable and fair-

minded jurors could differ in their conclusions in light of all of the summary-judgment

3
 This document was not sworn to or verified as is necessary for it to be considered as summary judgment
evidence in response to the motion for summary judgment or as a verified denial of Labrecque’s liability
in his individual capacity.

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                                             Page 6
evidence, that the electrical work was provided as required by the contract.

           Issue Four is overruled.

ATTORNEY’S FEES

           In Issues Five and Six, Labrecque and Al’s Electric, respectively, assert the trial

court erred in granting attorney’s fees because McNeely failed to segregate his fees and

because this Court should reverse the judgment in favor of McNeely, the attorney’s fees

award must also be reversed.

           Generally, a claimant must segregate legal fees accrued for those claims for which

attorney’s fees are recoverable from those that are not. Kinsel v. Lindsey, 526 S.W.3d 411,

427 (Tex. 2017); Tony Gullo Motors I, L.P. v. Chapa, 212 S.W.3d 299, 314 (Tex. 2006).

McNeely had only one claim, breach of contract, for which attorney’s fees are recoverable.

TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE § 38.001(b)(8). There was no need to segregate the fees.

           Issue Five is overruled. 4

           Additionally, because we have found that the trial court erred in granting

summary judgment against Al’s Electric, no attorney’s fees may be awarded against Al’s

Electric.

           Issue Six is sustained.

CONCLUSION

           Having sustained Issues One, Two, Three, and Six, we reverse the trial court’s

summary judgment and award of attorney’s fees against Al’s Electric on both McNeely’s

4
    Moreover, all the evidence regarding attorney’s fees was for the claim against Labrecque, not Al’s Electric.

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                                                     Page 7
claim and on Al’s Electric’s counterclaim and remand this case for further proceedings.

Having overruled issues Four and Five, we affirm the trial court’s summary judgment

against Labrecque.

                                        TOM GRAY
                                        Chief Justice

Before Chief Justice Gray,
       Justice Johnson, and
       Justice Smith
Reversed and remanded in part; affirmed in part
Opinion delivered and filed October 19, 2022
[CV06]

Al's Electric, LLC et al. v. McNeely                                             Page 8