Court Opinion

ID: 4658791
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-02-09 18:14:02.520666+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:01:55.682554
License: Public Domain

J-S47002-20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA                    IN THE SUPERIOR COURT
                                                       OF PENNSYLVANIA
                             Appellee

                        v.

    GEORGE A. RAYMOND, JR.

                             Appellant                 No. 148 MDA 2020

      Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence imposed December 19, 2019
               In the Court of Common Pleas of Bradford County
               Criminal Division at No: CP-08-CR-0000514-2019

BEFORE: STABILE, J., NICHOLS, J., and STRASSBURGER, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY STABILE, J.:                         FILED FEBRUARY 09, 2021

        Appellant, George A. Raymond, Jr., appeals from the judgment of

sentence the Court of Common Pleas of Bradford County imposed on

December 19, 2019.           Counsel has filed a brief and petition to withdraw

pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967) and Commonwealth

v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009).           We grant counsel’s petition to

withdraw and affirm Appellant’s judgment of sentence.

        The factual and procedural background is not at issue.      Briefly, on

October 18, 2019, Appellant entered a guilty plea to the offenses of escape,

18 Pa.C.S.A. § 5121(a), graded as a misdemeanor of the second degree, and

simple assault, 18 Pa.C.S.A. §2701(a)(1), graded as a misdemeanor of the

____________________________________________

*   Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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second degree. On December 19, 2019, the trial court sentenced Appellant

to an aggregate sentence of imprisonment of 24 to 48 months.

      On December 24, 2019, Appellant filed a post-sentence motion seeking

to withdraw his plea because “there is not enough evidence to convict him at

trial,” and challenging the sentence imposed as “too harsh.” Post-Sentence

Motion to Withdraw Guilty Plea and/or Reduce Sentence, 12/24/19, at 1. The

trial court denied the motion on January 10, 2020, and this appeal followed.

      The Anders brief renews the challenges brought below, namely the

denial of Appellant’s post-sentence motion to withdraw his guilty plea and the

discretionary aspects of his sentence. Before we address the merits of the

challenge, however, we must consider the adequacy of counsel’s compliance

with Anders and Santiago. Our Supreme Court requires counsel to do the

following.

      Prior to withdrawing as counsel on a direct appeal under Anders,
      counsel must file a brief that meets the requirements established
      by our Supreme Court in Santiago. The brief must:

            (1) provide a summary of the procedural history and facts,
      with citations to the record;

           (2) refer to anything in the record that counsel believes
      arguably supports the appeal;

             (3) set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is
      frivolous; and

             (4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is
      frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record,
      controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the
      conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.

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      Counsel also must provide a copy of the Anders brief to his client.
      Attending the brief must be a letter that advises the client of his
      right to: (1) retain new counsel to pursue the appeal; (2) proceed
      pro se on appeal; or (3) raise any points that the appellant deems
      worthy of the court[’]s attention in addition to the points raised
      by counsel in the Anders brief.

Commonwealth v. Orellana, 86 A.3d 877, 879-80 (Pa. Super. 2014).

      Counsel’s brief complies with these requirements by (1) providing a

summary of the procedural history and facts; (2) referring to matters of record

relevant to this appeal; and (3) explaining why the appeal is frivolous.

Counsel also sent his brief to Appellant with a letter advising him of the rights

listed in Orellana. All of Anders’ requirements are satisfied.

      Appellant first argues that the trial court erred in denying his post-

sentence motion to withdraw his guilty plea. We disagree.

      In Commonwealth v. Broaden, 980 A.3d 124 (Pa. Super. 2009), we

summarized the principles governing post-sentence motions to withdraw

guilty pleas as follows: “[P]ost-sentence motions for withdrawal are subject

to higher scrutiny since courts strive to discourage entry of guilty pleas as

sentence-testing devices.     A defendant must demonstrate that manifest

injustice would result if the court were to deny his post-sentence motion to

withdraw a guilty plea.” Id. at 129 (citations omitted). “To demonstrate a

manifest injustice a criminal must show that his plea was involuntary or was

entered without the knowledge of the charge.” Commonwealth v. Lewis,

708 A.2d 497 (Pa. Super. 1998) (internal quotation marks and citation

omitted).

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     “It is well-settled that the decision whether to permit a defendant to

withdraw a guilty plea is within the sound discretion of the trial court.”

Commonwealth v. Hart, 174 A.3d 660, 664 (Pa. Super. 2017) (applying

abuse of discretion standard in post-sentencing context). The term discretion

     imports the exercise of judgment, wisdom and skill so as to reach
     a dispassionate conclusion, and discretionary power can only exist
     within the framework of the law, and is not exercised for the
     purpose of giving effect to the will of the judges. Discretion must
     be exercised on the foundation of reason, as opposed to prejudice,
     personal motivations, caprice or arbitrary action. Discretion is
     abused when the course pursued represents not merely an error
     of judgment, but where the judgment is manifestly unreasonable
     or where the law is not applied or where the record shows that
     the action is a result of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill will.

Commonwealth v. Shaffer, 712 A.2d 749, 751 (Pa. 1998) (citation

omitted).

     It also is important to recognize the “longstanding rule” that

     a defendant may not challenge his guilty plea by asserting that he
     lied while under oath, even if he avers that counsel induced the
     lies. A person who elects to plead guilty is bound by the
     statements he makes in open court while under oath and he may
     not later assert grounds for withdrawing the plea which contradict
     the statements he made at his plea colloquy.

Commonwealth v. Pollard, 832 A.2d 517, 523 (Pa. Super. 2003).

     We begin by examining the trial court’s rationale for denying Appellant’s

motion to withdraw his guilty plea.

     Here, Appellant only alleged that he wished to withdraw [his]
     guilty plea because “there is not enough evidence to convict him
     at trial.” Such a claim does not rise to manifest injustice.
     Appellant has not alleged that he is innocent, or that his plea[]
     was not tendered knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily. This is
     most likely due to the fact that Appellant did know and understand

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      what he was pleading to and did so voluntarily. The record reveals
      that Appellant completed a thorough written plea colloquy with his
      attorney. Further[, the trial court] conducted an extensive oral
      colloquy at the time of Appellant’s plea. Appellant[] provided facts
      to support the plea. Appellant further agreed that he committed
      the crimes to which he was pleading guilty . . . and that he was
      entering his plea knowingly, voluntarily and of his own free will.

Trial Court Opinion, 5/7/20, at 3 (unnumbered) (citations to the record

omitted).

      The guilty plea hearing transcript confirms the trial court’s analysis. The

transcript clearly shows that Appellant was aware of the charges, the elements

of the charges, and the maximum penalties associated with the charges. The

presiding judge asked Appellant to tell the court “what it was that occurred on

or about June 15, 2019, that brings you here today to plead guilty to these

offenses.” N.T. Guilty Plea Hearing, 10/18/19, at 4. Appellant, in his own

words, admitted that, on June 15, 2019, he was being transported from Iowa

to Bradford County by a bail bondsman when he jumped out of the vehicle

and escaped from custody. The bondsman chased Appellant up a nearby hill

and eventually caught up with him.       A struggle ensued during which the

bondsman suffered hand and chest injuries.

      The trial court concluded, and we agree, that the facts related by

Appellant at the guilty plea hearing were sufficient to sustain his convictions

of escape and simple assault. Thus, Appellant fails to demonstrate that the

denial of his motion to withdraw his guilty plea constitutes manifest injustice.

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      Next, Appellant argues that the trial court abused its discretion by

imposing an excessive sentence, a challenge to the discretionary aspects of

his sentence. See Commonwealth v. Hornaman, 920 A.2d 1282, 1283–84

(Pa. Super. 2007) (claim of excessive and unreasonable sentence implicates

discretionary aspect of sentence).

      Because “there is no absolute right to appeal when challenging the

discretionary aspect of a sentence,” Commonwealth v. Dodge, 77 A.3d

1263, 1268 (Pa. Super. 2013), an appellant challenging the discretionary

aspects of a sentence must invoke this Court’s jurisdiction by satisfying a four-

part test. We must determine: (1) whether the appellant has filed a timely

notice of appeal; (2) whether he properly preserved the issue at sentencing

or in a motion to reconsider and modify sentence; (3) whether his brief has a

fatal defect; and (4) whether there is a substantial question that the sentence

is not appropriate under the Sentencing Code. Commonwealth v. Moury,

992 A.2d 162, 169-70 (Pa. Super. 2010).

      For purposes of our review, we assume that Appellant has met the

requirements of the above test. Accordingly, we proceed to addressing the

merits of Appellant’s claims.

      The trial court reasoned:

      At the time of sentencing, this Court reviewed a Presentence
      Investigation and sentencing guideline form[,] which reflected an
      offensive gravity score for both offenses of 3 and Appellant’s prior
      record score of 4 yielding a mitigated range of [restorative
      sanctions] and a standard range of 3 months to 12 months. The
      sentence falls within the standard range of the sentencing

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     guidelines. Therefore, no substantial question exists. Further,
     this court considered all appropriate sentencing factors and
     considerations when it incorporated the presentence investigation
     into its reasons for sentencing.

Trial Court Opinion, 5/7/20, at 3 (unnumbered) (citations to the record

omitted).

     Furthermore, at sentencing, the trial court observed:

     The [court] has considered all the factors. Such a sentence at the
     high end of the standard range is appropriate because [Appellant]
     has a prior [e]scape [c]onviction and the [a]ssault occurred while
     he was facilitating the escape or during his . . . capture.
     [Appellant] has been supervised by the Bradford County Probation
     Department as a juvenile and an adult. His probation back in 2003
     was revoked on new criminal charges and then his first [e]scape
     occurred when he was using privileges as a jail trustee and he
     escaped from the Bradford County Correctional Facility.

     Considering all the factors and facts and circumstances of
     [Appellant] and the facts and circumstances underlying the crime,
     a sentence of total confinement is appropriate in this case.

N.T. Sentencing, 12/19/19, at 4-5.

     We find the trial court’s analysis at sentencing and in its opinion entirely

proper.

     We have conducted an independent review of the record and addressed

Appellant’s arguments on appeal. Based on our conclusions above, we agree

with Appellant’s counsel that the issues Appellant seeks to litigate in this

appeal are without merit.    Our independent review of the record has not

revealed any meritorious issues. We affirm the judgment of sentence and

grant counsel’s application to withdraw.

     Judgment of sentence affirmed. Application to withdraw granted.

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Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 02/09/2021

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