Court Opinion

ID: 4168789
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-05-16 19:25:14.835403+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:38:41.568685
License: Public Domain

J-S14035-17

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,             :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                          :         PENNSYLVANIA
                Appellee                  :
                                          :
                   v.                     :
                                          :
STEVEN LEE DOSCH,                         :
                                          :
                Appellant                 :   No. 1426 MDA 2016

            Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence July 29, 2016
             in the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County
            Criminal Division at No(s): CP-36-CR-0000115-2010,
            CP-36-CR-0000485-2011, CP-36-CR-0000618-2011,
            CP-36-CR-0002737-2011, CP-36-CR-0005606-2011

BEFORE:     GANTMAN, P.J., SHOGAN and STRASSBURGER, JJ.*

MEMORANDUM BY STRASSBURGER, J.:                         FILED MAY 16, 2017

      Steven Lee Dosch (Appellant) appeals from his July 29, 2016 judgment

of sentence, which the revocation court imposed after revoking Appellant’s

parole and probation. In addition, Appellant’s counsel has filed a petition to

withdraw and a brief pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738

(1967), and Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009). We

deny counsel’s petition to withdraw and remand for further proceedings

consistent with this memorandum.

      Appellant’s relevant criminal history is convoluted.   Since 2011 and

2012, Appellant has been serving sentences following guilty pleas at the five

above-captioned docket numbers.      Appellant has violated the terms of his

probation and parole multiple times, causing him to be repeatedly

*Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
J-S14035-17

incarcerated and re-sentenced.           Parole & Probation Violation Stipulations,

8/3/2011,    1/26/2012,         4/11/2012,   5/29/2013,    5/16/2014,    4/10/2015,

7/21/2015, 4/18/2016; Violation Sentencing Sheets/Violation Conditions

Sentencing        Orders    (VSS/VCSO),      8/3/2011,    1/26/2012,     4/11/2012,

5/29/2013, 5/16/2014, 10/23/2015, 7/29/2016.              The issues presented on

appeal relate to Appellant’s most recent violation.

      On February 4, 2016, Appellant was incarcerated on a detainer after

Appellant’s probation officer learned Appellant left a residential treatment

program without contacting her. N.T., 4/18/2016, at 3; N.T., 7/29/2016, at

23. In April 2016, Appellant stipulated that he had “violated his[] probation

and/or parole.” Probation/Parole Violation Stipulation, 4/18/2016.              The

revocation court found Appellant to be in violation of his parole and

probation    at    all   five   docket   numbers   and    ordered   a   pre-sentence

investigation (PSI). N.T., 4/18/2016, at 18; Court Sheet, 4/18/2016.

      On July 29, 2016, the revocation court revoked Appellant’s parole and

probation and re-sentenced Appellant. We discuss the re-sentencing based

upon the type of revocation.

Revocation of Parole at All Five Dockets:

      At docket numbers 115-2010 (count one), 485-2011 (counts one and

two), 618-2011 (counts one and three1), 2737-2011 (count three), and

1
 The violation sentence sheet incorrectly lists the accident involving damage
charge as count two.

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5606-20112 (count one), the revocation court revoked Appellant’s parole and

re-sentenced him to the balance of the maximum term for each count.

VSS/VCSO, 7/29/2016.

     It credited Appellant with time served during his incarceration on the

detainer beginning with February 4, 2016, explaining at the hearing that

additional time credit was not warranted because the “unexpired balances”3

reflect application of all prior time served on those dockets.     Id.; N.T.,

7/29/2016, at 23.

Revocation of Probation at Docket Number 2737-2011:

     At docket number 2737-2011 (counts one and two), the revocation

court revoked Appellant’s probation and re-sentenced him to one-and-a-half

to three years of incarceration.      VSS/VCSO, 7/29/2016.        It credited

Appellant with “471 days subj[ect] to verification.” Id. At the hearing, the

revocation court specified that it was awarding Appellant all of the time

credit requested by Appellant as outlined in a memorandum authored by

2
 The violation sentence sheet incorrectly lists the docket number as 5601-
2011.
3
   It appears that the revocation court is referring to the unexpired balances
listed by the probation officer in the PSI. The probation officer calculated
that 310 days remained on each of the following counts: count one of 115-
2010, counts one and two of 485-2011, and count one of 618-2011. PSI at
2. The probation officer did not include a balance for count three of 618-
2011 or count three of 2737-2011. Id.

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Appellant’s counsel,4 totaling 471 days and including the following periods:

(1) November 18, 2011, to June 13, 2012; (2) April 19, 2013, to May 29,

2013; (3) April 1, 2014, to April 13, 2014; (4) March 13, 2015, to November

24, 2015; and (5) February 4, 2016, to present. N.T., 7/29/2016, at 24-25.

Revocation of Probation at Docket Number 5606-2011:

      At docket number 5606-2011 (count one), the revocation court

revoked Appellant’s probation previously imposed as a split sentence of

incarceration and probation and re-sentenced Appellant to two-and-a-half to

five years of incarceration. VSS/VCSO, 7/29/2016. During the sentencing

hearing, the revocation court stated that it was awarding Appellant credit for

his time spent incarcerated on the detainer since February 4, 2016, noting

that it also was terminating the parole portion of Appellant’s sentence as of

February 4, 2016, notwithstanding 62 days remaining on his parole. N.T.,

7/29/2016, at 26-27. It declined, however, to award Appellant credit on the

probationary tail of the split sentence for any other period of incarceration

stating that all previously-served time was credited already towards the

parole portion of the sentence.       Id. at 23-27.     However, the violation

4
  Revocation counsel requested that his time-credit memorandum be entered
into the record to reflect an official tally of Appellant’s previously served time
and noted that the probation office had not disputed the dates. The
revocation court told counsel to file the memorandum with the prothonotary,
which counsel evidently did. No objection was made by the Commonwealth.
See N.T., 7/29/2016, at 28.

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sentencing sheet indicates that the revocation court did not award any time

credit with respect to docket number 5606-2011. VSS/VCSO, 7/29/2016.

     Following his re-sentencing, Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal.5

     Before we consider the substance of this appeal, we must address

counsel's compliance with Anders.

     Direct appeal counsel seeking to withdraw under Anders must
     file a petition averring that, after a conscientious examination of
     the record, counsel finds the appeal to be wholly frivolous.
     Counsel must also file an Anders brief setting forth issues that
     might arguably support the appeal along with any other issues
     necessary for the effective appellate presentation thereof….

            Anders counsel must also provide a copy of the Anders
     petition and brief to the appellant, advising the appellant of the
     right to retain new counsel, proceed pro se or raise any
     additional points worthy of this Court’s attention.

            If counsel does not fulfill the aforesaid technical
     requirements of Anders, this Court will deny the petition to
     withdraw and remand the case with appropriate instructions
     (e.g., directing counsel either to comply with Anders or file an
     advocate’s brief on Appellant’s behalf). By contrast, if counsel’s
     petition and brief satisfy Anders, we will then undertake our
     own review of the appeal to determine if it is wholly frivolous. If
     the appeal is frivolous, we will grant the withdrawal petition and
     affirm the judgment of sentence. However, if there are non-
     frivolous issues, we will deny the petition and remand for the
     filing of an advocate’s brief.

5
  The revocation court ordered Appellant to file a concise statement pursuant
to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). Counsel complied by filing a statement pursuant to
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(c)(4), indicating his intent to file an Anders/McClendon
brief. Citing Commonwealth v. McBride, 957 A.2d 752, 758 (Pa. Super.
2008), wherein this Court stated that a trial court opinion is not necessary
following a Rule 1925(c)(4) statement, the revocation court declined to file
an opinion pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a).

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Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 720-21 (Pa. Super. 2007)

(citations omitted).

        Our Supreme Court has clarified portions of the Anders procedure:

        Accordingly, we hold that in the Anders brief that accompanies
        court-appointed counsel’s petition to withdraw, counsel must:
        (1) provide a summary of the procedural history and facts, with
        citations to the record; (2) refer to anything in the record that
        counsel believes arguably supports the appeal; (3) set forth
        counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and (4) state
        counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is frivolous.
        Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record, controlling
        case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the
        conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.

Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361.

        Based upon our examination of counsel’s application to withdraw and

Anders brief, we conclude that counsel has complied substantially with the

above technical requirements.6 Once “counsel has met these obligations, ‘it

then becomes the responsibility of the reviewing court to make a full

examination of the proceedings and make an independent judgment to

decide whether the appeal is in fact wholly frivolous.’” Commonwealth v.

Flowers, 113 A.3d 1246, 1249 (Pa. Super. 2015) (quoting Santiago, 978
A.2d at 354 n. 5).

        Counsel raises the following two issues that might arguably support an

appeal: (1) a challenge to the discretionary aspects of Appellant’s sentence

following the revocation of his probation and (2) whether the revocation

6
    Appellant has not responded to counsel’s application to withdraw.

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court failed properly to credit Appellant with time previously spent

incarcerated.7

Issue One: Discretionary Aspects of Sentence

      Regarding the discretionary aspects of his sentence, “it is within our

scope of review to consider [this issue] in an appeal following a revocation of

probation.” Commonwealth v. Ferguson, 893 A.2d 735, 737 (Pa. Super.

2006). We observe the following.

      It is well settled that, with regard to the discretionary aspects of
      sentencing, there is no automatic right to appeal.

         Before [this Court may] reach the merits of [a challenge to
         the discretionary aspects of a sentence], we must engage
         in a four part analysis to determine: (1) whether the
         appeal is timely; (2) whether Appellant preserved his
         issue; (3) whether Appellant’s brief includes a concise
         statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of
         appeal with respect to the discretionary aspects of
         sentence; and (4) whether the concise statement raises a
         substantial question that the sentence is appropriate under
         the sentencing code.... [I]f the appeal satisfies each of
         these four requirements, we will then proceed to decide
         the substantive merits of the case.

Commonwealth v. Disalvo, 70 A.3d 900, 902 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citations

omitted).

7
  We discern these issues from the body of the argument of counsel’s brief,
as counsel’s statement of questions involved pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2116(a)
focuses solely on whether counsel should be granted leave to withdraw due
to frivolity of the issues. Anders Brief at 7. We remind counsel that the
issue of his withdrawal is a question reserved for the petition to withdraw,
whereas the Anders brief must focus on any “issues that might arguably
support the appeal along with any other issues necessary for the effective
appellate presentation thereof.” Wrecks, 931 A.2d at 720-21.

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      Instantly, Appellant has satisfied the first requirement by timely filing

a   notice   of   appeal.   To   satisfy   the   second   requirement   regarding

preservation, we point out that “[o]bjections to the discretionary aspects of

a sentence are generally waived if they are not raised at the sentencing

hearing or in a motion to modify the sentence imposed.” Commonwealth v.

Griffin, 65 A.3d 932, 935 (Pa. Super. 2013).

      Appellant did not raise any objections at the sentencing hearing or file

a motion to modify the sentence imposed. See N.T., 7/29/2016. Therefore,

Appellant has not preserved this issue, and it is waived.       An issue that is

waived is frivolous. See Commonwealth v. Kalichak, 943 A.2d 285, 291

(Pa. Super. 2008) (holding that when an issue has been waived, “pursuing

th[e] matter on direct appeal is frivolous”).      Consequently, we agree with

counsel that any challenge to the discretionary aspects of Appellant’s

sentence upon the revocation of his probation is wholly frivolous.

Issue Two: Time Credit

      We next consider whether Appellant was properly awarded time credit

and bear in in mind the following. “A challenge to the trial court’s failure to

award credit for time served prior to sentencing involves the legality of a

sentence.” Commonwealth v. Johnson, 967 A.2d 1001, 1003 (Pa. Super.

2009).

      As long as the reviewing court has jurisdiction, a challenge to the
      legality of the sentence is non-waivable and the court can even
      raise and address it sua sponte. Issues relating to the legality of

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     a sentence are questions of law[.] As with all questions of law
     on appeal, our standard of review is de novo and our scope of
     review is plenary.

Commonwealth v. Infante, 63 A.3d 358, 363 (Pa. Super. 2013) (internal

citations and quotation marks omitted).

     The governing statute provides the following.

     (1) Credit against the maximum term and any minimum term
     shall be given to the defendant for all time spent in custody as a
     result of the criminal charge for which a prison sentence is
     imposed or as a result of the conduct on which such a charge is
     based. Credit shall include credit for time spent in custody prior
     to trial, during trial, pending sentence, and pending the
     resolution of an appeal.

42 Pa.C.S. § 9760.

     Counsel’s Anders brief addresses time credit awarded following the

revocation of probation at two docket numbers.       We discuss each docket

number separately.

Docket Number 2737-2011:

     With respect to the revocation of probation at docket number 2737-

2011, appellate counsel contends that the revocation court granted all of the

time credit requested by Appellant in the memorandum authored by

Appellant’s revocation counsel. Anders Brief at 14. See N.T., 7/29/2016,

at 25 (“[The revocation court will] award the time credit that [revocation

counsel] outline[d] in his memo.”). However, our review of additional

statements made by the revocation court and the violation sentencing sheet

reveals that while awarding all the requested time credit may have been the

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revocation court’s intent, it was not the result achieved. In the time-credit

memorandum, Appellant requested time credit for “471 days plus time since

2/4/2016.” Time-Credit Memorandum at 2. Although the revocation court

stated it was including specifically the period from February 4, 2016,

onwards, the revocation court gave Appellant credit for 471 days only. N.T.,

7/29/2016, at 25.     See also VSS/VCSO at 1.          Additionally, Appellant

requested time credit for the period between April 1, 2014, and August 13,

2014. Id. However, when listing the specific dates for which the revocation

court intended to give Appellant credit, the court listed April 1, 2014, to

April 13, 2014, a difference of 122 days. See N.T., 7/29/2016, at 25. The

revocation court did not acknowledge this discrepancy; so it is unclear

whether this omission was intentional or in error.

      Most significantly, neither the dates listed by Appellant in the time-

credit memorandum nor the dates listed by the revocation court on the

record add up to 471. The sum of all of the dates from 2012 to 2015 listed

in the time-credit memorandum total 638. See Time-Credit Memorandum,

at 2. The time period between February 4, 2016 and the sentencing hearing

consisted of 176 days. Thus, according to the time-credit memorandum, the

total days Appellant spent incarcerated prior to his 2016 sentencing totaled

814, whereas the sum of the dates listed by the revocation court on the

record totaled only 692. See N.T., 7/29/2016, at 25.

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     Upon a revocation of probation, revocation courts must award credit

for time served prior to the original sentencing and re-sentencing so long as

the probationer has never received credit for this time before.                      See

Commonwealth v. Johnson, 967 A.2d 1001 (Pa. Super. 2009). Thus, we

cannot agree with counsel that a challenge to the time credit awarded to

Appellant is so clearly devoid of merit to warrant classifying this appeal as

frivolous. From our review, it appears that counsel is able to put forward a

good-faith argument that Appellant has not received proper time credit at

docket number 2737-2011 and is serving an illegal sentence.

Docket Number 5606-2011

     With respect to docket number 5606-2011, Appellant’s split sentence,

we observe the following. “The operative rule … is that a defendant should

receive   credit    only    once      for   time        served    before     sentencing.”

Commonwealth v. Merigris, 681 A.2d 194, 195 (Pa. Super. 1996). When

probation is revoked on a split sentence, “a defendant [is not] automatically

granted credit for time served while incarcerated on the original sentence

unless the court imposes a new sentence that would result in the defendant

serving   time     in   prison   in    excess      of    the     statutory   maximum.”

Commonwealth v. Crump, 995 A.2d 1280, 1284 (Pa. Super. 2010).

Appellant acknowledges the statutory maximum sentence for his criminal

trespass conviction, graded as a felony of the second degree, is ten years’

incarceration. Anders Brief at 16. Accordingly, even if the revocation court

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gave Appellant credit for all 814 days, the addition of his two-and-a-half-to-

five-year revocation sentence would result only in a total of almost seven

and half years of incarceration, still below the statutory maximum.

      However, despite stating that it was awarding Appellant time credit for

his time spent incarcerated on the detainer since February 4, 2016, see

N.T., 7/29/2016, at 26-27, the revocation court did not credit Appellant for

any time in its sentencing order.       See VSS/VCSO, 7/29/2016.           Since the

revocation court terminated the parole portion of the split sentence as of the

date of Appellant’s incarceration on the detainer, leaving Appellant to be

incarcerated prior to sentencing on a probation detainer only, we conclude,

once again, that a challenge to the time credit awarded to Appellant is not so

clearly devoid of merit to warrant classifying this appeal as frivolous.

Conclusion

      In light of the foregoing, we deny counsel’s motion for leave to

withdraw and remand the case for counsel to file an advocate’s brief within

60   days   addressing   the   credit    time    issues   identified   above.   The

Commonwealth may file a brief in response 30 days thereafter.

      Petition to withdraw denied. Case remanded with instructions. Panel

jurisdiction retained.

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