Court Opinion

ID: 4549248
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-07-17 19:11:18.424431+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:13:21.304824
License: Public Domain

J-S32001-20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

    B.S.                                       :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                  v.                           :
                                               :
                                               :
    S.P.                                       :
                                               :
                        Appellant              :   No. 3011 EDA 2019

              Appeal from the Order Entered September 23, 2019
     In the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County Domestic Relations at
                           No(s): No. DR-14-01312

BEFORE:         KUNSELMAN, J., KING, J., and COLINS, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY COLINS, J.:                                  FILED JULY 17, 2020

           Appellant, S.P. (“Father”), pro se, appeals from the child support order

of September 23, 2019. We affirm.

           “To quote the trial court, ‘This has been a long and contentious

dissolution of a marriage and family involving a tortured procedural history

due to multiple family, civil, and criminal court actions and various

interlocutory appeals and petty behavior on the part of both parties.’” S.P. v.

B.S., Nos. 1204 and 1205 EDA 2018, unpublished memorandum at 2 (Pa.

Super. filed January 16, 2019) (quoting Trial Court Opinion, dated May 24,

2018, at 9). The current appeal is at least the seventh appeal to this Court

involving these parties. See S.P. v. B.S., No. 2844 EDA 2016, order (Pa.

Super. filed October 14, 2016) (quashed sua sponte); [S.P.] v.[B.S.], No.

____________________________________________

*   Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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3681 EDA 2016, order (Pa. Super. filed February 14, 2017) (quashed sua

sponte); [S.P.] v. [B.S.], No. 323 EDA 2017, order (Pa. Super. filed March 15,

2017) (quashed sua sponte); B.S. v. S.P., 185 A.3d 1137, No. 394 EDA 2017,

unpublished memorandum (Pa. Super. filed February 22, 2018); S.P., Nos.

1204 and 1205 EDA 2018. This Court has previously summarized the facts

and procedural history of this child support action as follows:

          [Defendant/Appellant]          Father,     [S.P.],      and
          [Plaintiff/Appellee] Mother, [B.S.], were married in India
          [i]n March [] 2005. Father [was] born [i]n October [] 1975.
          Mother[ was] born [in] February [] 1983. Together, they
          resided in [the marital residence]. There are two children
          born to the marriage, [S.H.S.,] [a boy], [born 2005], and
          [S.S.,] [a girl], [born 2007].

          ***

          On August 8, 2014,[1] Mother filed a Complaint for spousal
          and child support. On August 18, 2014, Father was served
          with the Complaint at the Domestic Relations Office. The
          following day, Mother withdrew her Complaint for support.

          On April 1, 2015, Mother filed a Complaint for child and
          spousal support. Father was served with the Complaint on
          April 6, 2015. A conference was held on May 18, 2015. . . .
          An Interim Order was entered after a conference . . . in the
          amount of $1,436.99 per month for child support based
          upon the court’s determination that Mother’s monthly net
          income is $4,590.99 or $1,067 weekly and Father’s monthly
          net income is $4,698.31 or $1,093 weekly.         Mother’s
____________________________________________

1      Father initiated the first custody proceedings during 2014, to
       prevent what he believed was Mother’s intention[] to take the
       children to India. The 2014 [custody] proceedings culminated
       with Father withdrawing his custody complaint after the trial court
       issued an order that precluded Mother [from] traveling with the
       children outside of Pennsylvania.

S.P., Nos. 1204 and 1205 EDA 2018, at 2.

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       spousal support complaint was dismissed as no award was
       warranted based upon her earnings.

       At that time, Mother worked as a Software Tester, a contract
       employee, of Agreeya Solutions at Deloitte of Folsom,
       California; the contract ended May 30, 2015. She has a
       Bachelor’s degree in Computer Application. Mother pays
       $650 monthly for personal health insurance for the entire
       family. Father was added June 1, 2015. Father is the sole
       owner and employee of Lehigh Innovations, Inc.           He
       provided his own income tax return but not that of the
       business. Therefore, the Conference Officer attributed a
       monthly earning capacity for him based upon his monthly
       expenses of $5,984.00.

       The parties were conflicted as to whether Father resided at
       the marital residence. Mother was found to be more
       credible.  No agreement was reached; a hearing was
       scheduled.

       On June 1, 2015, Father filed a Petition for Modification of
       an Existing Support Order. He alleged that he was currently
       residing in the marital residence and paying related
       expenses.

       A hearing [took place] before Hearing Officer Betz . . . on
       July 29, 2015, . . . HO Betz . . . recommended an order for
       $914.00 monthly for child support, based upon Mother’s net
       monthly income of $4,757.00 or $1,106 weekly and Father’s
       net monthly income of $3,852.00 or $895 weekly.

       At that time, Father was unemployed. His income was
       corroborated with a 2014 Federal Tax Return, with $24,584
       annual income, and an IRA distribution of $49,480.00,
       $33,480.00 of which was rolled over into another retirement
       account. Father generates income from his employment as
       well as from the profits derived from the operation of his
       corporation, a Sub S Company. He did not report any
       information on his own 2014 Federal Tax return as to the
       operation of the business nor did he provide a Profit and
       Loss Schedule.

       HO Betz stated that it was disturbing to him that Father
       testified that he is “currently on an extension for 2014 to
       provide the financial information associated with the
       operation of the company.” Ultimately, largely due to the

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       lack of corroborating documentation as to the income or
       expenses of the corporation, Father was assessed an
       earning capacity of $30.00 per hour with a net monthly
       income of $3,852.00 or $895 weekly.

       HO Betz concluded that Mother was entitled to spousal
       support. Nevertheless, after completing the calculation for
       spousal support that resulted in a negative number, he
       concluded that spousal support was not financially
       warranted.

       Although Mother testified that she provided for the health
       insurance for the family at a substantial cost, she failed to
       provide an insurance card or any documentation of same to
       confirm the expense of the coverage. Therefore, the HO did
       not consider it as part of the calculation.

       [HO Betz authored a recommended support order on
       August 13, 2015, incorporating these findings].

       [Mother filed] Support Exceptions [to the August 13, 2015,
       recommended Order] on August 24, 2015, requesting credit
       for the health insurance that she provided for the family.
       [She withdrew] the exceptions . . . on September 3, 2015.

       Mother’s Petition for Modification. On September 3, 2015,
       Mother filed a Petition for Modification of the August 13,
       2015, Order. Paragraph 2 of her Petition reads: “Petitioner
       is entitled to reinstatement because of the following material
       and substantial change in circumstance:            the Health
       Insurance Premium Amount, $653.37--like before.”

       A conference was held on November 17, 2015, before [the
       same hearing officer as before]. At the conference, medical
       insurance coverage was established at $653.37 and child
       care costs of $279.30 weekly. At the time of the conference,
       Mother was employed as a contractor. Mother’s income is
       based upon her pay of $45 per hour at full time. At the time
       of the conference, Father was unemployed and was
       attributed with an earning capacity as established in the
       August 13, 2015, Order.

       Mother’s Alimony Pendente Lite (APL). On February 3,
       2016, Mother filed a Praecipe for [APL] which was Count 1
       of the Counterclaim in the February 3, 2016, Answer and

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          Counterclaim in Divorce filed [in the Court of Common Pleas
          of Lehigh County].[2]

          Hearings were held on January 12, 2016, and February 11,
          2016. On March 14, 2016, HO Betz recommended a [four -
          phase support order encompassing Father’s varying support
          obligations effective from September 3, 2015 to
          December 3, 2014, December 4, 2015 to December 31,
          2015, January 1, 2016 to February 2, 2016, and February
          3, 2016 forward]. The four-phase order was due to the
          multiple petitions, the different filing dates of the petitions,
          the changing incomes of Mother and of Father, the changing
          expenses of health insurance, child care, and, finally, the
          mortgage deviation.

       Trial Court Memorandum Decision, 12/20/16 at 1-5.

       On April 4, 2016, Father filed his “Child Support and Alimony
       Pendente Lite (APL) Exceptions[.]” By Order dated December 20,
       2016, the trial court reduced Father’s arrearages by $94.62--in
       acceptance of Father’s exception to the amount of the health
       insurance expense that was attributable to the children--but
       otherwise made final the interim Order of Support of March 14,
       2016.

B.S., No. 394 EDA 2017 at 2-4. Father filed a timely appeal, and this Court

affirmed the support order on February 22, 2018. Id. at 1. On March 6,

2018, Father filed a petition for modification of the support order.

       On March 14, 2018, the trial court entered a “stipulated final custody

order, granting Mother and Father shared legal custody of S.H.S. and S.S[.],

and awarding Mother primary physical custody of the children with Father

having partial physical custody on alternating weekends.” S.P., Nos. 1204

____________________________________________

2 “Mother revived the custody litigation during 2016 in response to [F]ather’s
divorce complaint, which had neglected to include a count for custody.” Id.
at 2-3.

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and 1205 EDA 2018 at 3.         This Court affirmed the custody order on

January 16, 2019. Id. at 1.

      While the appeal of the custody order was pending, on May 31 and

October 29, 2018, a Master held a hearing on Father’s petition for modification

of the support order.   On November 1, 2018, Father filed an “Emergency

Motion to Grant to Relief for Child Support Pursuant to Custody Order Dated

March 14, 2018” (hereinafter “Emergency Motion”). On November 6, 2018,

he filed a “Petition to Open Record to Include Attached Exhibits in the Master

In-Support Hearing Held on October 29, 2018 Due to the Fact that the Master

In-Support Willfully Did Threaten [Father] to Not to [sic] Submit the Attached

Exhibits During that Hearing with Intent of Abuse of Judicial Office, and These

Attached Exhibits/Evidences are Required to Support Existing Facts in the

Hearing Held October 29, 2018” (hereinafter “Petition to Open Record”).

Following this Court’s affirmance of the custody order, on January 25, 2019,

the trial court denied both motions.

      “On June 20, 2019, [the Master] issued a Summary Report Order

resolving several petitions for modification of child support and Alimony

Pendente Lite. Thereafter, [Father] and [Mother] both filed exceptions to the

Hearing Officer’s Report and Recommendation.” Trial Court Opinion, dated

December 4, 2019, at 1. On July 25, 2019, Father filed a “Motion to Grant

Relief to Refund Excess Monies from the Child Support Payments Already Paid

pursuant to this Court Orders Dated March 14, 2016 and December 20, 2016”

(hereinafter “Motion to Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies”) requesting that

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Mother pay him $11,575.60 that he alleged “was illegally collected” from him.

Motion to Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies, 7/25/2019, at 2 ¶ 5.

      “Th[e trial c]ourt held argument on August 14, 2019. By Order dated

September 19, 2019 and filed September 23, 2019, th[e trial c]ourt denied

the exceptions and made the June 20, 2019 Order a final order of court.” Trial

Court Opinion, dated December 4, 2019, at 1. That same day, the trial court

also denied the Motion to Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies.             On

October 22, 2019, Father filed this timely appeal.

      On November 15, 2019, Father filed his statement of errors complained

of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) (“Rule 1925(b) Statement”), in

which --

      [Father] raises forty-two allegations of errors related to the
      September 23, 2019 Final Order for Child Support, four allegations
      of error related to the September 23, 2019 Order denying his
      Motion to Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies, three allegations
      of error related to the January 25, 2019 Order dismissing his
      Petition to Open Record, and one allegation of error related to the
      January 25, 2019 Order denying his emergency motion.

Id. at 3.

      The fact that Appellant timely filed a Rule 1925(b) statement does not

automatically equate with issue preservation.    Our law makes it clear that

Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) is not satisfied by simply filing any statement. Tucker v.

R.M. Tours, 939 A.2d 343 (Pa. Super. 2007). This Court explained in Riley

v. Foley, 783 A.2d 807, 813 (Pa. Super. 2001), that Rule 1925 is a crucial

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component of the appellate process, because it allows the trial court to identify

and focus on those issues the parties plan to raise on appeal.

      The Rule states: “The Statement shall concisely identify each ruling or

error that the appellant intends to challenge with sufficient detail to identify

all pertinent issues for the judge.” Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)(4)(ii) (emphasis added);

see also Commonwealth v. Ray, 134 A.3d 1109, 1114 (Pa. Super. 2016)

(“The Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement must be sufficiently concise and

coherent such that the trial court judge may be able to identify the issues to

be raised on appeal.” (emphasis added) (citations and internal brackets and

quotation marks omitted)).

      In his Rule 1925(b) Statement, Father raised fifty claims across ten

pages. The Rule 1925(b) Statement was so voluminous, with several issues

“unrelated to the conduct of th[e c]ourt[,]” that the trial court could not

“address every allegation of error, but rather [addressed] a select few, which

demonstrate that this appeal lacks merit.”         Trial Court Opinion, dated

December 4, 2019, at 4-5.          This Court has chastised appellants for

unnecessarily verbose statements of error.      See Tucker, 939 A.2d at 346

(citing Jones v. Jones, 878 A.2d 86, 90 (Pa. Super. 2005); Kanter v.

Epstein, 866 A.2d 394, 401 (Pa. Super. 2004)) (“this Court has held that

when appellants raise an ‘outrageous’ number of issues in their 1925(b)

statement, the appellants have deliberately circumvented the meaning and

purpose of Rule 1925(b) and have thereby effectively precluded appellate

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review of the issues they now seek to raise”; “such ‘voluminous’ statements

do not identify the issues that appellants actually intend to raise on appeal”

(some internal quotation marks omitted)). Father’s Rule 1925(b) Statement

was not sufficiently concise and coherent as to enable the court to conduct a

meaningful review of the issues he sought to raise, and he has not preserved

them for purposes of appeal. See Ray, 134 A.3d at 1114; Tucker, 939 A.2d

at 346 (“this type of extravagant 1925(b) statement makes it all but

impossible for the trial court to provide a comprehensive analysis of the

issues”). The defects in Father’s Rule 1925(b) Statement are so substantial

as to preclude meaningful review.

      Despite this long-winded statement of errors, Father still failed to

include all of the challenges that he raises in his “Statement of the Questions

Involved” in his appellate brief pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2116 (“Rule 2116

Statement”), and we find these claims waived for this reason as well.

Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)(4)(vii) (“Issues not included in the Statement and/or not

raised in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph (b)(4) are

waived.”). Specifically, the Paragraph 6 in his Rule 2116 Statement is:

      Did the trial court commit an abuse of discretion and errors of law
      including (a). Failed to conduct an evidentiary hearing with sworn
      testimony, (b). Without legal procedure followed [sic] and
      (c). Failed to grant 20% reduction in support obligation in his
      Motion to Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies?

Father’s Brief at 3 ¶ 6.    We cannot discern what Father meant by the

incomplete phrase “[w]ithout legal procedure followed[,]” and Father’s Rule

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1925(b) Statement made no mention of the trial court’s decision not to hold

an evidentiary hearing on the Motion to Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies

nor to grant a 20% reduction in his support obligation. Id.3 As Paragraph 6

in the Rule 2116 Statement is the only one to discuss the Motion to Grant

Relief to Refund Excess Monies, we find all questions relating to the Motion to

Grant Relief to Refund Excess Monies to be waived for this reason as well.

       Additionally, the Rule 2116 Statement raises no issues relating to the

Petition to Open Record and the Emergency Motion, unlike the Rule 1925(b)

Statement that raised three challenges to the denial of the Petition to Open

and one challenge to the denial of the Emergency Motion. Compare Father’s

____________________________________________

3The questions listed in the Rule 1925(b) Statement about the Motion to Grant
Relief to Refund Excess Monies were as follows:

       1.    The trial court abused its discretion, erred in concluding that
       the trial court did not grant relief to [Father] and then made
       irreparable injury to [Father] and the Children’s welfare.

       2.    The trial court abused its discretion and erred in entering
       orders that the trial court acted as a safe heaven [sic] to [Mother]
       to acquire the money illegally from [Father], and then failed to
       order [Mother] to return that illegally acquired money to [Father].

       3.    The trial court abused its discretion, erred in entering an
       order that [Father] has been deprived of his Fourteenth
       Amendment rights under the United States Constitution and
       deprived of his Pennsylvania Constitution rights at Article I and
       Section 1.

       4.     The [t]rial [c]ourt abused its discretion, unreasonable, erred
       in entering an order without proper legal procedure followed, and
       in violation Pennsylvania rules of Civil Procedure and local rules.

Rule 1925(b) Statement at 9.

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Brief at 2-3 with Rule 1925(b) Statement at 9-10. As “[n]o question will be

considered unless it is stated in the statement of questions involved or is fairly

suggested thereby[,]” Pa.R.A.P. 2116(a), we also find all claims concerning

the Petition to Open Record and the Emergency Motion waived on this basis.

      Accordingly, we affirm on the basis that Father has waived all issues on

appeal.

      Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 7/17/20

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