Court Opinion

ID: 1069831
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 19:36:07.017708+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:22:55.556871
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                             AT NASHVILLE
                           Assigned on Briefs February 22, 2002

                 MARK TINSLEY v. SUZANNE RENEE TINSLEY

                   Appeal from the Chancery Court for Cheatham County
                       No. 19146-C Robert E. Burch, Chancellor

                   No. M2001-02319-COA-R3-CV - Filed November 1, 2002

Mother sought modification of child support and a judgment against Father for contempt in the form
of retroactive child support due to his failure to supply her with a yearly statement of his income as
required by the final divorce decree. The trial court ordered a modification of the prospective child
support, determining the amount of the obligation by averaging Father’s fluctuating income for the
three years prior to the hearing and awarded Mother a $54,192.00 judgment for retroactive child
support during the five years that Father failed to provide his income statements to Mother. Because
the trial court correctly calculated the prospective child support obligation, we affirm the amount of
Father’s monthly obligation in the amount of $1,300.00 from the date the petition was filed.
However, because the trial court has no authority to award retroactive child support modification,
we vacate the $54,192.00 judgment for retroactive child support. We remand the case for further
proceedings to set reasonable attorney fees.

          Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Chancery Court
                    Affirmed in part, Vacated in Part and Remanded

PATRICIA J. COTTRELL, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which BEN H. CANTRELL , P.J., M.S.,
and WILLIAM C. KOCH , JR., J., joined.

Grayson Smith Cannon, Goodlettsville, Tennessee, for the appellant, Mark Tinsley.

Jennifer F. Noe, Ashland City, Tennessee, for the appellee, Suzanne Renee Tinsley.

                                             OPINION

       This appeal involves a petition for modification of child support filed by Suzanne Renee
Tinsley (“Mother”) against Mark Tinsley (“Father”) nearly nine (9) years after the entry of the
divorce decree and initial order of support.
                                                        I. Facts

        Mother and Father were divorced on July 30, 1992. As a result of the divorce, Mother was
awarded custody of the parties’ two minor children. The court set child support at that time in
accordance with the child support guidelines at four hundred twenty-five dollars ($425) per month.
Also explicit in the final decree was the requirement that Father provide his tax return information
to Mother by June 1 of each year. Father was self-employed as a drywall contractor, and his income
fluctuated from year to year.1

        On March 22, 2001, Mother filed a petition for increase in child support alleging: (1) that
Father failed to provide a copy of income tax returns2 in contempt of the final decree; (2) that there
has been a significant change in circumstances warranting an increase in child support; and (3) that
she be awarded attorney’s fees. Mother then amended her petition on April 11, 2001, by adding a
request for retroactive child support as punishment for Father’s contemptuous behavior in failing to
furnish his income information.

        Father answered the petition denying that he was in contempt of court and asserting the
affirmative defense of laches due to Mother’s failure to request modification of child support during
the nine years that had elapsed since the entry of the divorce decree.3 Father also argued that the trial
court had no power to retroactively modify a child support obligation.

       The trial court heard the matter on June 29, 2001, and issued a final order on July 23, 2001,
which states as follows:

         1.        Defendant’s [Mother’s] Petition for Increase in Child Support and Contempt
                   is well taken.
         2.        The Plaintiff [Father] has had a significant increase in income to warrant an
                   increase in Child Support.
         3.        The court has reviewed Plaintiff’s income and hereby sets child support at
                   $1,300.00 which is arrived from averaging his 1998, 1999, and 2000 income
                   due to Plaintiff being self employed and owning his own construction
                   company. In determining child support, the court makes the following
                   finding of facts: (a) Plaintiff’s tax return for 1999 showed an income of

         1
           The final decree of divorce does not appear in the record on appea l, however, neither party disputes the
chara cterization of the mand ates set forth in the final decree.

         2
            Mother later admitted that after her request Father provided a copy of his 1999 tax return prior to the date she
filed the p etition for an incre ase in ch ild support.

         3
          W e reject Father’s argument that Mo ther is guilty of laches. In order to establish such a bar, more than a delay
must be sho wn. Mu rphy v. E mery, 628 S.W.2d 895, 897-98 (Tenn. 1982 ). Furthermore, the Tennessee Supreme Court
has determined that equitable defenses such as laches do not apply to actions that are brought to modify child support
See Rutledge v. Barrett, 802 S.W .2d 604 (T enn. 1991).

                                                            -2-
                  $58,516.00 after adding back in his depreciation deduction of $6,979.00. (b)
                  Plaintiff’s tax return for 1999 showed an income of $88,255.00 after adding
                  back in his depreciation deduction of $3,003.00. (c) According to Plaintiff’s
                  testimony and his Exhibit 9,4 his estimated income for 2000 was $88,255.00.
                  (d) Plaintiff showed proof where he has filed an extension of time to file his
                  2000 income tax return. (e) The court finds that the Plaintiff’s average yearly
                  net income after deducting 12.4 percent for his income for Social Security,
                  2.9 percent of his income for medicare and his federal income tax is
                  $48,780.00 or $4,065.00 a month. (f) Thirty two percent of his gross income
                  for two children brings his child support at $1,300.00 per month. . . .
         4.       The court finds that the Plaintiff did not obey the Court’s Order and is in
                  contempt for not providing his income tax return since 1997. The court holds
                  that due to his contemptuous behavior that it is equitable to award an increase
                  in Child Support retroactively prior to the filing of the Petition until January
                  1, 1997. Child support of $1,300.00 per month is set retroactively to January
                  1, 1998. Retroactive child support for 1997 is set at $616.00 per month. This
                  brings the Plaintiff’s total retroactive child support to $54,192.00 and a
                  judgment is hereby entered against him for said amount.
         5.       The Defendant is awarded her attorney fees of $1,200.00 which the court
                  finds as reasonable and necessary. The court further finds that this action was
                  brought for the benefit of the children and therefore an award of attorney fees
                  is appropriate.

        Father appeals the judgment of the trial court and has submitted a statement of the evidence
in accordance with Tenn. R. App. P. 24(c) as there was no transcript available of the hearing. The
statement of the evidence reiterates the findings of the trial court stated above and succinctly
recounts the testimony from the hearing in the trial as follows: (1) Mother testified that she took no
action against Father regarding his claimed failure to furnish tax returns and did not seek a
modification of child support between 1992 and 2001 due to finances; (2) Father testified that he
continued to remain self-employed as a drywall contractor, had provided Mother with some of his
tax returns, and that he usually did not have his returns completed until October of each year
although he could not show any proof of mailing or giving returns for previous years to Mother; (3)
the parties stipulated to Father’s tax returns for 1997 through 1999, the statement of Father’s income
for the year 2001, and the projection that his income from 2000 would be substantially similar to his
income in 1999; and (4) Mother did not present any proof regarding the method of calculation for
her requested attorney’s fees of $1,200.00.

       On appeal Father argues that: (1) the trial court erred in calculating the modification in child
support by only considering his income from 1998, 1999, and the projected income statement from

         4
          Exhibit 9 was submitted by Father as a proposed calculation of Father’s current support obligation and contains
an income summary for Father for the years 1997, 1998, 199 9, and 200 0, that wa s prep ared by his current wife, Carla
Bailey Tinsley, a certified public accountant.

                                                          -3-
2000; (2) the trial court erred in retroactively modifying child support to January 1, 1997, and
declaring an arrearage judgment for support back to January 1, 1997, as retroactive modification is
prohibited by Tennessee law; and (3) the trial court erred in awarding attorney’s fees of $1,200.00
to Mother when no evidence was presented as to whether the fee was reasonable and necessary.
Mother argues that the trial court was correct in its child support calculations, the award of
retroactive child support, and the award of attorney’s fees. Mother also argues on appeal that she
should be awarded attorney’s fees for the costs associated with the appeal. For the following
reasons, we affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand.

                                          II. Child Support

        Every parent is obligated to support his or her children during their minority, Tenn. Code
Ann. § 34-1-102, and the extent of the duty to support depends on the parent’s ability to provide that
support. State ex rel. Grant v. Prograis, 979 S.W.2d 594, 600-01 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1997).
Accordingly, relevant statutes and regulations governing child support are intended “to assure that
children receive support reasonably consistent with their parent or parents’ financial resources.”
State ex rel. Vaughn v. Kaatrude, 21 S.W.3d 244, 248-49 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2000).

        When, as in this case, a marriage is dissolved, courts are authorized by statute to provide for
the future support of minor children by fixing a definite amount to be paid on a specified regular
basis. Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101 (a)(1) and (a)(2)(A). Further, courts are directed to apply the
child support guidelines promulgated by the Department of Human Services in determining the
amount of any such support. Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101(e)(1). The child support guidelines
require a noncustodial parent to pay a support amount which is determined by “a flat percentage of
the obligor’s net income.” Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. ch. 1240-2-4-.03(2). The amount dictated by
the guidelines is to be applied by the courts as a rebuttable presumption of the correct amount of
support. Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101(e)(1).

                                   A. Prospective Child Support

       We first address the award of prospective child support by the trial court from July 2001
forward. The trial court set the amount of that obligation on the basis of the father’s income in 1998,
1999, and 2000.

        Because the child will receive prospective support based upon the court’s determination of
the obligor parent’s income, “[d]etermining the amount of the non-custodial parent’s income is the
most important element of proof in a proceeding to set child support . . . and when considering
requests for modification of an existing support obligation.” Turner v. Turner, 919 S.W.2d 340, 344

                                                 -4-
(Tenn. Ct. App. 1995).5 The goals of the child support guidelines are best fulfilled by use of current,
accurate information regarding the obligor parent’s income.

       The guidelines specifically recognize that the court needs reliable information regarding the
“current ability to support” when establishing or modifying a support order. Tenn. Comp. R. &
Regs. 1240-2-4-.03(3)(e) and (f). Because child support is based on income, an award for future
support, including a prospective modification, is necessarily based upon most recent actual income.

        Where an obligor parent’s income is subject to variation, averaging is appropriate to
determine net income for the purpose of calculating child support. Alexander v. Alexander, 34
S.W.3d 456, 460 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2000).6 Father does not dispute the use of averaging to determine
his income for purposes of setting child support. He merely claims that additional time periods
should have been included. Herein, the trial court utilized Father’s gross income from 1998, 1999,
and 2000 to find an average income and set the amount of prospective child support.7 At the hearing,
Mother and Father stipulated to his income for 1997 through 1999 and a projection that his income
from 2000 would be substantially similar to his income in 1999. Father also presented a statement
showing his income for the first six months of 2001 and proposed doubling that amount to estimate
his income for the year. Father now argues that the trial court should have used his income from the
years 1997 through 2001 to determine his prospective child support obligation, rather than using
1998 through 2000, because his income in 1997 and 2001 were substantially less than his income
in other years and would, if averaged, lower the amount of his monthly child support obligation by
several hundred dollars. He asserts his income for 1999 and 2000 was anomalous when viewed in

         5
           In the case of a modification of an existing support order, the governing law is Tenn. Code Ann . § 36 -5-
101 (a)(1), which states:

         In cases involving child supp ort, upon app lication o f either party, the co urt shall decree a n increase
         or decrease of such allowance when there is found to be a significant variance, as defined in the child
         support guidelines estab lished b y subsection (e), between the guidelines and the amount o f support
         currently ordered unless the variance has resulted from a previously court-ordered deviation from the
         guidelines and the circumstances which caused the deviation have not changed.

         A significant variance is define d as “at least 15% if the current support is one hundred dollars ($100.00) or
greater per m onth and at least fifteen dollars ($15.00) if the current support is less than $100.00 per month.” Tenn. Comp
R. & Regs. 1240-2-4-.02(3) (1997). Father does not dispute that his income has increased and that an upward
modification is justified.

         6
          The guidelines spe cifically allow averaging in determining gross income when establishing a prospective
award: “[v]ariable income such as commissions, bonuses, overtime pay, and dividends, etc., should be averaged and
added to the obligor’s fixed salary.” Tenn. Comp. R. and Regs. 1240-2-4-.03(3)(b). Although that provision of the
guidelines applies to variable com ponents of inc ome , the reasoning is just as ap plicab le to situations where a parent is
self-employed or whose total income is variable.

         7
             Neither party disputes the trial court’s calculation of the amount of support based on the income used.

                                                            -5-
the context of his history of earnings and that his lower income in 2001 was due to an economic
downturn.8

        It is up to the trial court to determine on a case-by-case basis the most appropriate way to
average fluctuating income. Periods of one year or longer, including two, three, or four years, have
been consistently approved depending on the circumstances. Smith v. Smith, No. M2000-01094-
COA-R3-CV, 2001 Tenn. App. LEXIS 320, at *17-18 (Tenn. Ct. App. May 2, 2001) (no Tenn. R.
App. P. 11 application filed). The time period to be used lies within the discretion of the trial court
based upon the facts of the situation. We therefore review that decision using the deferential abuse
of discretion standard of review and consider: (1) whether the decision has a sufficient evidentiary
foundation; (2) whether the trial court correctly identified and properly applied the appropriate legal
principles; and (3) whether the decision is within the range of acceptable alternatives. Kaatrude, 21
S.W.3d at 248.

         We agree that the goal of assuring that support is set commensurate with a parent’s current
ability to provide that support is best served by using accurate information on recent income.
However, we do not agree that this goal required the inclusion of partial information for 2001 simply
because those were the most recent months. Nothing in the record provides a basis for determining,
contrary to the trial court’s implicit finding, that Father’s income for the first six months of 2001 was
a more accurate reflection of his current income than his income for the year ending six months
earlier.

        Similarly, the trial court’s choice of the most recent three full years of income information
as the basis for averaging falls within the range of acceptable alternatives. There is no proof in the
record to indicate that Father’s income in 1997 is more indicative of his current income than more
recent years. While we do not discount the possibility that a parent could demonstrate specific
circumstances making a particular year or set of years undependable for purposes of determining
current actual income, we simply find no such evidence herein. The mere fact that Father’s income
in 1997 was lower than his income in the next three years does not demonstrate that the increases
are anomalous.

        The trial court’s determination of the amount of support to be paid prospectively has a
sufficient evidentiary foundation, was made upon appropriate legal principles, and is within the range
of acceptable alternatives. Accordingly, the prospective child support obligation established by the
trial court is affirmed.

                                     B. Retroactive Child Support

       Mother’s amended petition alleged that Father “hid his income from the Petitioner [Mother]
and willfully in contempt of this Court’s Order refused to provide proof of income on or before June

        8
         Father’s income figures show: 1996 - $37,277; 1997 - $32,274; 1998 - $58,516; 1999 - $88,255; 2000 -
$88,255; 2001 - $43,118.

                                                    -6-
1st of each year” and that “such contemptuous behavior gives rise to a child support increase being
set retroactively to the parties divorce decree.” As a result, Mother requested that Father be “held
in contempt of court for failure to show proof of his income and punished by paying an increase in
child support retroactively to the date of the parties divorce decree . . . .” The amended petition also
separately requested “that the court set an increase in child support retroactively to the date of the
parties divorce decree. As stated previously, the trial court held that:

         the Plaintiff [Father] did not obey the Court’s Order and is in contempt for not
         providing his income tax return since 1997. The court holds that due to his
         contemptuous behavior that it is equitable to award an increase in Child Support
         retroactively prior to the filing of the Petition until January 1, 1997. Child support
         of $1,300.00 per month is set retroactively to January 1, 1998. Retroactive child
         support for 1997 is set at $616.00 per month. This brings the Plaintiff’s total
         retroactive child support to $54,192.00 and a judgment is hereby entered against him
         for said amount.

        On appeal, Father argues that the trial court did not have the authority to enter a retroactive
modification of child support. We agree because retroactive modification of existing child support
orders is prohibited by statute:

         Any order for child support shall be a judgment entitled to be enforced as any other
         judgment of a court of this state and shall be entitled to full faith and credit in this
         state and in any other state. Such judgment shall not be subject to modification as
         to any time period or any amounts due prior to the date that an action for
         modification is filed and notice of the action has been mailed to the also known
         address of the opposing parties.

Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101(5).9

        The Supreme Court of Tennessee has determined that Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101 prevents
the retroactive modification of child support orders, stating that the language of the statute “could
not be more clear. Retroactive modifications are plainly unauthorized . . . .” Rutledge v. Barrett,
802 S.W.2d 604, 606 (Tenn. 1991). The statute makes no distinction between retroactive increases
or decreases. Brown v. Heggie, 876 S.W.2d 98, 101 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1993).

        Since Rutledge, the courts of Tennessee have consistently held that retroactive modification
is prohibited and have interpreted the statute as removing from the courts the power to alter a child
support award as to any period of time occurring prior to the date a petition for modification is filed.
Alexander, 34 S.W.3d at 460. See also Bullington v. Hudson, No. M1999-02772-COA-R3-CV, 2000
Tenn. App. LEXIS 273 (Tenn. Ct. App. Apr. 26, 2000) (no Tenn. R. App. P. 11 application filed)

         9
          The language of this statute was adopted in order to comp ly with legislative requirements for eligib ility to
receive federal assistance. For a history of this statutory change, see Rutledge, 802 S.W.2d at 605-06.

                                                          -7-
(holding that the statute prohibits modification of child support prior to the date an action for
modification is filed and notice given, including one based “on just what the guidelines were”);
Farley v. LeBlanc, No. M1998-02155-COA-R3-CV, 2000 Tenn. App. LEXIS 5 (Tenn. Ct. App. Jan.
10, 2000) (no Tenn. R. App. P. 11 application filed) (stating that “an award for [child support for]
the period prior to the filing of a motion or petition would constitute a retroactive modification of
the child support order” in contravention of case law and Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101); Ford v.
Ford, No. 01 A01-9611-CV-00536, 1998 Tenn. App. LEXIS 703 (Tenn. Ct. App. Oct. 2, 1998) (no
Tenn. R. App. P. 11 application filed) (restricting relief awarded to the actual date of filing of a
petition for increased child support obligation); Varnell v. Varnell, No. 03 A01-9802-CH-00075,
1998 Tenn. App. LEXIS 499 (Tenn. Ct. App. July 29, 1998) (permission to appeal denied Jan. 25,
1999) (holding that an award of child support prior to the filing of the petition for modification of
child support was prohibited). Thus, the trial court in the instant case did not have the authority to
award a retroactive modification of child support prior to the filing of the petition for modification.

        Arguments attempting to justify retroactive modifications on grounds similar to those made
herein have been unavailing in view of the clear language of the statute. In Thomas v. Thomas, No.
E2001-00191-COA-R3-CV, 2001 Tenn. App. LEXIS 779 (Tenn. Ct. App. Oct. 23, 2001) (no Tenn.
R. App. P. 11 application filed) the mother sought compensatory damages for the father’s breach of
a marital dissolution agreement in failing to provide her with copies of his tax returns for several
years and asserted those damages should be measured by the difference between the father’s actual
child support obligation and the amount he would have been required to pay based upon his income
on the returns he did not provide. After finding that there was no authority for this type of damages
for such breach, this court stated:

       Moreover, we note that in seeking these damages, Mother is in essence requesting a
       retroactive modification of Father’s child support obligation for the four years prior
       to the filing of her December, 1999, petition. . . . Mother may not do indirectly what
       she is precluded from doing directly, that is, obtain a retroactive modification of
       Father’s child support obligation for the years prior to the filing of her petition.

Id. 2001 Tenn. App. LEXIS 779, at *13-14.

        The case before us does not involve an MDA, but the reasoning of Thomas is nonetheless
instructive. Herein, Mother seeks damages or punishment for Father’s failure to provide income
information, an obligation imposed by prior court order rather than an MDA. The effect, however,
is the same: it is an attempt to retroactively modify a prior support order. The trial court’s order
clearly describes its action as setting child support retroactively. The language justifying the
retroactive modification on Father’s contempt and upon equitable grounds does not change the
nature of the award. In fact, this court has specifically held that equitable principles cannot be
applied to in effect retroactively modify previous support orders. Heggie, 876 S.W.2d at 101.

                                                 -8-
        Our courts have consistently looked to whether the effect of the order is a retroactive
modification of child support. If so, regardless of the alleged basis for the order, it is prohibited by
the statute. Bullington, 2000 Tenn. App. LEXIS 273, at *8-9. In Farley, the mother argued that her
request for support arrearage for years prior to the filing of her petition for modification and
arrearage was merely a request for enforcement of an earlier order requiring the father to provide
income information regularly and not a retroactive modification. This court rejected that argument
and agreed with the trial court that increasing support prior to the petition would constitute a
retroactive modification. Id. 2000 Tenn. App. LEXIS 5, at *10.

         In the case before us, it is clear that the trial court’s award of “an increase in Child Support
retroactively prior to the filing of the Petition until January 1, 1997” is a retroactive modification of
support which is prohibited by Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101(5). Although the order states that the
increase is due to Father’s contemptuous behavior in failing to comply with the prior order’s
requirement that he provide income information to Mother, the language of the order herein makes
it clear that the judgment against Father is for retroactive support and is not a fine for contempt.10

        Mother argues that the guidelines include a provision allowing retroactive modification in
one situation and, essentially, that the guidelines trump the statute. The section of the guidelines at
issue provides:

        When cases with established orders are reviewed for adjustment and the obligor fails
        to produce evidence of income (such as tax returns for prior years, check stubs, or
        other information for determining current ability to support), and the court has no
        other reliable evidence of the obligor’s income or income potential, the court should
        enter an order to increase the child support obligation by an increment not to exceed
        ten percent (10%) per year for each year since the support order was entered or last
        modified.

Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 1240-2-4.03(3)(f).

        We do not interpret this provision as authorizing an award of retroactive support. It simply
provides guidance to the court in how to arrive at income in order to prospectively modify an
existing obligation when the court is not furnished with evidence of income. In addition, the
provision does not apply to the situation before us because Father provided to the court evidence of
his income, and the Mother stipulated to that evidence. Thus, Mother cannot rely on this provision
of the guidelines to justify a retroactive modification because it is not applicable and because it does
not authorize such modification.

        Accordingly, we vacate the order awarding Mother a judgment for retroactive child support.

        10
             Conse quently, we need not examine the validity of a contemp t fine of this size under these circumstance s.

                                                           -9-
                                         III. Attorney Fees

        The final issue presented for our review is the trial court’s award to Mother of $1,200.00 in
attorney fees. The trial court found the fees were reasonable and necessary and also found that the
action was brought for the benefit of the children and, therefore, an award of fees was appropriate.
By statute, custodial parents are entitled to reasonable attorney fees incurred in successfully
enforcing or modifying a child support order. Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-103(c). Where the services
of a parent’s attorney benefit the child, reasonable fees are warranted. Dalton v. Dalton, 858 S.W.2d
324, 327 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1993). The purpose of fee awards in this instance is to protect the child’s,
not the parent’s interests and remedies. Sherrod v. Wix, 849 S.W.2d 780, 785 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1992)

       The statute also clearly gives discretion to the trial court to fix and allow reasonable fees.
“The entire matter is subject to the discretion of the trial judge.” Deas v. Deas, 774 S.W.2d 167, 170
(Tenn. 1989). We will not interfere with a trial court’s decision to award attorney fees under Tenn.
Code Ann. § 36-5-103(c) absent some abuse of discretion. Garfinkle v. Garfinkle, 945 S.W.2d 744,
748 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1996).

       Herein, Father does not challenge the court’s exercise of discretion in awarding fees to
Mother, conceding that reasonable fees are warranted in this situation by Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-
103(c). Father’s claim is that there is no proof in the record to support a determination that the
amount awarded was reasonable. Our review of the record reveals that no affidavit or other evidence
explaining the calculation of fees was introduced into evidence, filed with the court, or otherwise
included in the record before us. In addition, the statement of the evidence includes the following:

       Ms. Tinsley did not present any proof regarding the method of calculation of her
       requested counsel fees of $1,200.00. Counsel for Mr. Tinsley objected to the amount
       without some itemized record of time spent by counsel, or some other evidence of
       reasonableness and necessity.

       Apparently, this objection did not result in proof regarding calculation of the fee. This court
has addressed the type of evidence which must be presented in support of a request for attorney fees
under Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-103(c) in Sherrod, stating:

       Trial courts may act upon requests for legal expenses without a fully developed
       record as long as the party opposing the request has been afforded a fair opportunity
       to cross-examine the requesting parties’ witnesses and to present proof of its own on
       the issue.

Sherrod, 849 S.W.2d at 785-86.

       In that case, this court found that Mr. Sherrod had not objected to the procedure used to
determine the amount of fees and did not insist on cross examining Ms. Wix’s lawyer or offering
proof of his own. Id. While the appellate court found that an award of fees was justified, it did not

                                                -10-
agree with the amount. Noting that the proof was uncontradicted as to the attorney’s usual hourly
fee and counsel’s agreement with Ms. Wix, the court found that it had no basis to disagree with the
reasonableness of the fee. However, because the documents in the record indicated that services
were included in the fee award which were not related to the custody dispute for which fees were
awarded, the court directed the trial court to enter an order reducing the fees.

         We have no basis in the record before us to assess the reasonableness of the fees awarded
except our own impression that $1,200.00 seems a reasonable amount. However, as Sherrod makes
clear, that is not a sufficient basis for this court or the trial court to award reasonable fees. Counsel
for Mother attempts to justify the amount to us by explaining in the brief the difficulty and
complexity of the issues involved at trial, including the additional work required in computing
support based on self-employment. While we do not question counsel’s statements, they do not
constitute proof. Nowhere in the record is there a statement showing the hours worked and the
amount charged or proof concerning the reasonableness of a fee calculated on some other basis.

        More importantly, the record does not indicate that counsel for Father had an opportunity to
question or cross-examine on the computation of the amount. Again, although Mother’s brief states
that Father’s attorney did not insist on cross-examining Mother’s attorney or offer any proof, we are
confined to the record. Absent a transcript, we would ordinarily presume the proof was sufficient
to support the trial court’s finding that the fees were reasonable. However, the statement of the
evidence addresses the issue and makes the presumption inapplicable.

        For these reasons, we are compelled to conclude that although the trial court correctly found
that Mother was entitled to reasonable attorney fees, the proof in the record is insufficient to support
a finding that the fees awarded were reasonable. Therefore, we remand the matter to the trial court
to determine the amount of fees.

        Mother also requests an additional award of attorney’s fees on appeal. As a result of our
conclusion that the trial court should not have assessed a $54,192.00 judgment against Father, he is
partially successful, and therefore, we deny Mother’s request for an award of her attorney’s fees on
appeal. See Smith v. Smith, 984 S.W.2d 606, 610 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1997) (holding that an award of
attorney’s fees incurred on appeal would not be appropriate where both parties were partially
successful).

                                            IV. Conclusion

         We affirm the decision of the trial court setting prospective child support from the date of
the filing of the petition. We vacate the $54,192.00 judgment against Father as retroactive child

                                                  -11-
support. We affirm the trial court’s award to Mother of reasonable attorney fees, vacate the award
as to amount, and remand for a determination of a reasonable amount. The costs of the appeal are
taxed equally between the parties, for which execution may issue if necessary.

                                                     ___________________________________
                                                     PATRICIA J. COTTRELL, JUDGE

                                              -12-