Court Opinion

ID: 3165955
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-12-29 16:13:09.801859+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T07:38:45.466619
License: Public Domain

IN THE SUPREME COURT, STATE OF WYOMING

                                   2015 WY 157

                                                   OCTOBER TERM, A.D. 2015

                                                          December 29, 2015

IN THE MATTER OF THE GUARDIANSHIP
AND CONSERVATORSHIP OF WILLIAM G.
BRATTON, Ward,

ROBERT E. BRATTON,

Appellant
(Petitioner),                                       S-15-0076, S-15-0131, S-15-0132

v.

JEANNE BLENKINSOP,

Appellee
(Respondent).

                    Appeal from the District Court of Park County
                      The Honorable Steven R. Cranfill, Judge

Representing Appellant:
      Pro se.

Representing Appellee:
      Mary H. Reed, McCarty, Reed and Earhart, Attorneys at Law, LC, Cody,
      Wyoming.

Guardian Ad Litem:
     Dawn R. Scott, Bonner Law Firm, PC, Cody, Wyoming.

Before BURKE, C.J., and HILL, DAVIS, FOX, and KAUTZ, JJ.
NOTICE: This opinion is subject to formal revision before publication in Pacific Reporter Third. Readers
are requested to notify the Clerk of the Supreme Court, Supreme Court Building, Cheyenne, Wyoming
82002, of any typographical or other formal errors so that correction may be made before final publication in
the permanent volume.
BURKE, Chief Justice.

[¶1] These three consolidated appeals arise in connection with the guardianship and
conservatorship of William Bratton. His brother, Appellant Robert Bratton, challenges
the district court’s acceptance of the Guardian’s Second Report and the Conservator’s
First Annual Accounting filed by his sister, Appellee Jeanne Blenkinsop. We will affirm
and award reasonable costs and attorney’s fees to Ms. Blenkinsop.

                                               ISSUES

[¶2]    The issues to be decided in this appeal are as follows:

                1.      Does Mr. Bratton1 have standing to pursue these
                        appeals?

                2.      Did the district court err in approving the Guardian’s
                        Second Report?

                3.      Did the district court err in denying Mr. Bratton’s
                        motion for additional time to respond to a decision
                        letter approving the Guardian’s Second Report?

                4.      Did the district court err in accepting the Conservator’s
                        First Annual Accounting?

                5.      Should Ms. Blenkinsop be awarded attorney’s fees and
                        costs under W.R.A.P. 10.05(b)?

                                                FACTS

[¶3] On June 29, 2012, Mr. Bratton filed a petition to be appointed William Bratton’s
guardian. Ms. Blenkinsop responded with a counter petition seeking to be appointed
guardian and conservator. Both asserted that William Bratton’s mental disability
rendered him unable to handle some of his personal and financial affairs, and that it
would be in his best interests to have a guardian or a guardian and conservator appointed.
The district court, on its own motion, appointed a guardian ad litem for William Bratton.

1
 In this opinion, we will refer to the Appellant, Robert Bratton, as Mr. Bratton. We will refer to William
Bratton by his full name or as the ward.

                                                    1
[¶4] On September 9, 2013, the district court issued an order granting temporary
guardianship and conservatorship to Ms. Blenkinsop. It also dismissed Mr. Bratton’s
petition for guardianship as a sanction for his failure to attend a pretrial conference.
Mr. Bratton appealed. We affirmed. Bratton v. Blenkinsop (In re Bratton), 2014 WY 87,
¶ 25, 330 P.3d 248, 253 (Wyo. 2014) (“Bratton I”).

[¶5] Before the district court appointed her as guardian and conservator,
Ms. Blenkinsop filed a motion asserting that Mr. Bratton had removed $10,000 from an
account established for William Bratton’s benefit. She asked the district court to order
Mr. Bratton to return the money. The district court granted the motion, and ordered
Mr. Bratton to deposit the funds with the district court clerk. After being appointed
temporary guardian and conservator, Ms. Blenkinsop filed a motion to release the funds
to a conservatorship account. The district court granted the motion. Mr. Bratton
appealed, and we affirmed. Bratton v. Blenkinsop (In re Bratton), 2015 WY 32, ¶ 13,
344 P.3d 255, 259 (Wyo. 2015) (“Bratton II”).

[¶6] In the meantime, the district court converted Ms. Blenkinsop’s temporary
guardianship and conservatorship to permanent status. On September 9, 2014, she filed a
Guardian’s Second Report2 with the court. In his response, Mr. Bratton asserted that the
guardianship report was deficient in its reporting on William Bratton’s dental and other
health issues, his hygiene and the condition of his residence, and his finances. The
district court held a hearing to consider the objections.

[¶7] On December 2, 2014, the district court issued a decision letter concluding that the
guardian’s report complied with the statutory requirements and should be accepted. He
asked counsel for Ms. Blenkinsop to draft an order and submit it to Mr. Bratton and the
guardian ad litem for approval as to form. On December 22, 2014, Ms. Blenkinsop filed
notice with the court that she had sent the proposed order to Mr. Bratton by both mail and
e-mail, but he had neither signed the proposed order nor stated any objections. She asked
the district court to approve the order pursuant to W.R.C.P. 58(a).

[¶8] Mr. Bratton filed a motion for additional time to respond to the decision letter. In
this motion, he claimed that the decision letter had been issued on December 2, 2014, was
mailed to him only on December 18, 2014, and was received by him on December 23,
2014. He asked the district court to provide him “ample time to respond to all matters as
outlined in the Court’s December 2, 2014 letter of directives.” The district court denied

2
  Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-2-109 (LexisNexis 2013) requires a guardian to file a written report every six
months reporting on “the physical condition, including level of disability or functional incapacity,
principal residence, treatment, care and activities of the ward, as well as providing a description of those
actions the guardian has taken on behalf of the ward.”

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his motion and entered the order ratifying and approving Ms. Blenkinsop’s second
guardianship report. Mr. Bratton challenges that ruling in Docket No. S-15-0076.

[¶9] On February 24, 2015, Ms. Blenkinsop filed a “Conservator’s First Annual
Accounting” in the district court.3 Although Mr. Bratton filed no objections, he appeared
by telephone at the hearing on the accounting. He raised a concern that the ward’s “funds
were nearly depleted.” He also voiced a concern that Ms. Blenkinsop appeared to be
using William Bratton’s “social security and SSI money to pay for expenses incurred by
the Berth[e] Bratton living trust.”4 Counsel for Ms. Blenkinsop countered that William
Bratton’s living expenses for the past year were “quite reasonable.” She explained that
William Bratton lived in a home owned by the Berthe Bratton trust, and she had used his
funds to pay the property taxes on that home. She asserted that this was appropriate, as
he lived in the home without paying rent. She also suggested that, to the extent William
Bratton’s conservatorship funds were nearly depleted, funds from the trust could be
transferred to the conservatorship, although that was something “we may have to address
with the Court in a different matter.” The district court confirmed that transfers from the
trust were a separate issue, and Mr. Bratton agreed.

[¶10] The district court issued an order confirming and approving the Conservator’s
First Annual Accounting. The order included the provision “that the Conservator shall,
as necessary, manage the assets for the care, support, maintenance, and payments of
obligations as they fall due for the benefit of the Ward.” Mr. Bratton filed two separate
notices of appeal from the district court’s order. In Docket No. S-15-0131, he challenges
the district court’s approval of the conservator’s report. In Docket No. S-15-0132, he
asserts that the district court erred in requiring the Conservator to continue to manage
William Bratton’s assets for his benefit.

                                              DISCUSSION

Standing

[¶11] When we consolidated these appeals, we asked the parties to provide briefing on
the issue of standing. Because the question of standing is potentially dispositive, we

3
  Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-3-503(b)(ii) requires a conservator to submit “an annual report to the court having
jurisdiction accounting for all money and property coming into his possession for the benefit of each ward
and itemizing all disbursements made from the ward’s assets.” Wyo. Stat. Ann. §§ 3-3-901 and -902
establish additional requirements for the annual conservator’s report.
4
 Although the record is not clear on this point, it appears that this is a trust established by these siblings’
mother, meant in part, at least, to support William Bratton. See Bratton I, ¶ 3, 330 P.3d at 250.

                                                      3
address it first. “The existence of standing is a legal issue that we review de novo.”
Northfork Citizens for Responsible Dev. v. Park County Bd. of County Comm’rs, 2008
WY 88, ¶ 6, 189 P.3d 260, 262 (Wyo. 2008) (quoting Halliburton Energy Services v.
Gunter, 2007 WY 151, ¶ 10, 167 P.3d 645, 649 (Wyo. 2007)).

[¶12] In McNeel v. McNeel (In re McNeel), 2005 WY 36, ¶ 18, 109 P.3d 510, 516 (Wyo.
2005), we recognized that “Wyoming’s statutory scheme for the voluntary appointment
of a guardian/conservator contemplates that third-parties may participate in that process
by taking appropriate action.” However, we also indicated that only third-parties with
standing were entitled to participate. Id., ¶16, 109 P.3d at 514-15. We concluded that
Ms. McNeel had standing in her husband’s guardianship and conservatorship proceeding
because she was “properly situated with sufficient pecuniary, personal, and tangible
interests at stake given the pending Divorce Action.” Id., ¶ 17, 109 P.3d at 515. It was in
light of McNeel that we asked the parties to address the question of Mr. Bratton’s
standing in this case.

[¶13] In 2013, the Wyoming legislature passed the Uniform Adult Guardianship
Jurisdiction Act. This Act includes a provision, codified as Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-1-
102(b), stating that in guardianship or conservatorship proceedings “concerning an adult,
the provisions of chapter 8 of this title shall apply.” 2013 Wyo. Sess. Laws ch. 21, § 2.
Chapter 8 includes a provision, codified as Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-8-102(a)(vii), defining
the term party as “the respondent, petitioner, guardian, conservator or any other person
allowed by the court to participate in a guardianship or protective proceeding.” 2013
Wyo. Sess. Laws ch. 21, § 1.

[¶14] In their briefing on standing, none of the parties addressed these statutory
provisions, their application in this case, or their effect, if any, on our discussion of
standing in McNeel. However, under the circumstances presented here, it was not
unreasonable for the district court to allow Mr. Bratton to participate as a party in these
proceedings. Mr. Bratton had standing in Bratton I, ¶ 1, 330 P.3d at 250, because he had
a personal stake in the question of whether he or Ms. Blenkinsop would be appointed as
their brother’s guardian. He had standing in Bratton II, ¶ 1, 344 P.3d at 256, because he
had a tangible interest in the money he had been ordered to deposit with the court clerk.
Mr. Bratton may have a continuing pecuniary interest in these proceedings. 5

5
  At the hearing on his objections to the first annual conservator’s report, Mr. Bratton commented on the
trust that helped support his brother. As he told the district court, “When mother set that trust up it –
some people are under the impression it was for [William Bratton’s] benefit, but it was for all her kids and
all her grandchildren.” If Mr. Bratton is one of the beneficiaries of this trust, this might be a sufficient
pecuniary interest to establish standing as defined in McNeel. We are unable to make that determination
with the rather sparse record before us now.

                                                     4
[¶15] More significantly, Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-1-111 authorizes “[a]ny person” to file a
complaint alleging that a “guardian or conservator is not properly discharging his duties.”
Mr. Bratton presented his concerns in the form of objections to the guardian’s and
conservator’s reports, but in substance they are allegations that Ms. Blenkinsop is not
properly discharging her duties as guardian and conservator. The fact that Mr. Bratton
would be statutorily authorized to file a complaint raising such allegations is a further
indication that it was not unreasonable for the district court to allow Mr. Bratton to
participate as a party. Thus, pursuant to Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-8-102(a)(vii), Mr. Bratton is
a party to these proceedings, and we conclude that he has standing.6

Guardian’s Second Report

[¶16] Mr. Bratton challenges the approval of the Guardian’s Second Report. In Bratton
II, ¶ 7, 344 P.3d at 257, we said:

                We apply the following standard of review in guardianship
                matters: “We presume the district court’s findings of fact are
                correct and will not set them aside unless the findings are
                inconsistent with the evidence, clearly erroneous or contrary
                to the great weight of the evidence. Additionally, we review a
                district court’s conclusions of law de novo.” Utley v.
                Lankford (In re Lankford), 2013 WY 65, ¶ 14, 301 P.3d 1092,
                1098 (Wyo. 2013) (quoting In re DMW, 2009 WY 106, ¶ 10,
                214 P.3d 996, 998 (Wyo. 2009)).

[¶17] Appended to Mr. Bratton’s objection to the Guardian’s Second Report were
photographs of the interior of the home where William Bratton lives, three taken in
October of 2012 and three taken in September of 2014. He contended that these
photographs showed there had been “no change in the [sanitary] living conditions” and
Ms. Blenkinsop had made “no attempt to improve the sanitary living conditions of
[William Bratton.]” On appeal, he contends that the photographs show that the ward
“continues to live in squalor,” and complains that the district court “had no comment” on
the photographs. He contends that the district court’s failure to respond to the
photographs “demonstrates bias and prejudice.”

6
  Although we have concluded that Mr. Bratton has standing in this case, that determination does not
establish standing for Mr. Bratton in future proceedings. It is not at all clear that he has a sufficient
pecuniary, personal, or tangible interest that would convey standing regardless of the type of future
proceeding.

                                                   5
[¶18] Mr. Bratton has offered no authority indicating that the district court had a duty to
comment on or respond to the photographs. Significantly, although the photographs were
mentioned in the hearing regarding the Guardian’s Second Report, they were never
offered or accepted into evidence. In addition, Mr. Bratton made no request pursuant to
W.R.C.P. 52(a) for the district court to state its findings of fact.

[¶19] We interpret Mr. Bratton’s claim as a request for us to reweigh the evidence.
However, it is “within the district court’s province to weigh the evidence and judge the
credibility of the witnesses.” Dahlke v. Dahlke, 2015 WY 76, ¶ 18, 351 P.3d 937, 942-43
(Wyo. 2015) (quoting In re Adoption of ADA, 2006 WY 49, ¶ 18, 132 P.3d 196, 203
(Wyo. 2006)). This Court “does not reweigh evidence.” Walter v. Walter, 2015 WY 53,
¶ 11, 346 P.3d 961, 965 (Wyo. 2015).

[¶20] Moreover, we note that the district court received evidence contrary to
Mr. Bratton’s claims about William Bratton’s living conditions. When Ms. Blenkinsop
testified, she was asked about the photographs, and conceded that the condition of
William Bratton’s home had been a concern of hers. She explained, however, that her
brother “responds in a negative fashion” to having people in his home to clean, and
especially to having his things “touched or moved or taken out.” She then explained her
efforts to help William Bratton “make more progress” with regard to the conditions in his
home. These efforts included having William Bratton work with a “new person,” a
“pastor” who “has a very nice way of convincing Bill” to clear out “some of his stuff.”
She testified that these efforts had already proven successful in cleaning up the backyard
of William Bratton’s home.

[¶21] In approving the Guardian’s Second Report, the district court implicitly found that
William Bratton was not living in unacceptable conditions, and that Ms. Blenkinsop was
making appropriate efforts to help improve his living conditions. These findings are not
inconsistent with the evidence, clearly erroneous, or contrary to the great weight of the
evidence, and provide us with no reason to reverse the district court’s decision.

[¶22] Mr. Bratton’s second contention with regard to the Guardian’s Second Report is
that the district court improperly denied his motion for additional time to respond to a
decision letter. He claims that W.R.C.P. 58 provides him a right to respond to the
decision letter. He further asserts that the district court’s denial of this opportunity was a
violation of his civil rights.

[¶23] His reliance on W.R.C.P. 58 is misplaced. This rule provides an opportunity to
object “to the form or content of a proposed judgment or order.” It does not apply to
decision letters. We will not consider his vague civil rights claim because he has
provided no authority and no cogent argument to support it.

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Conservator’s First Annual Accounting

[¶24] In considering the district court’s approval of the Conservator’s First Annual
Accounting, we apply the same standard of review we used with regard to the Guardian’s
Second Report. Mr. Bratton’s first claim about the district court’s approval of the
Conservator’s First Annual Accounting is that Ms. Blenkinsop has “used financial
resources of Ward William Bratton to pay her personal tax burden with the Federal
Internal Revenue Service.” On appeal, he says he “would like to offer up to the Court as
evidence, stipulated to or agreed to by [Ms. Blenkinsop], audio voice recordings of
messages left on [his] telephone answering machine.”

[¶25] The evidence offered by Mr. Bratton was not presented to the district court and is
not contained in the record on appeal. There is no indication that it was inadvertently
omitted from the appellate record. Ms. Blenkinsop has not stipulated that the evidence
can be considered by this Court. In light of Mr. Bratton’s failure to produce this evidence
in district court, we cannot consider this issue on appeal.

[¶26] His next claim is that the district court erred by including in its order approving
the Conservator’s First Annual Accounting a directive “that the Conservator shall, as
necessary, manage the assets for the care, support, maintenance, and payments of
obligations as they fall due for the benefit of the Ward.” His assertion is that this
represents “blatant attempts” by Ms. Blenkinsop and her counsel “to re-interpret a sound
legal trust document created by our mother before her death, the Berthe Bratton Living
Trust.” He declares that the district court’s order improperly allows Ms. Blenkinsop
unilaterally to withdraw assets from the trust.

[¶27] His argument misses the mark widely. The district court’s order explicitly applies
to the assets of the conservatorship. It does not apply to the assets of his mother’s trust,
and it does not allow Ms. Blenkinsop to make unilateral withdrawals from that trust.
Moreover, the order is entirely consistent with the conservator’s statutory authority to
“protect and preserve [the estate], invest it prudently, account for it as provided in the
Wyoming statutes, expend it for the benefit of the ward and perform all other duties
required by law.” Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 3-3-601. Mr. Bratton’s misinterpretation of the
district court’s order provides no basis for us to reverse it.

[¶28] Next, Mr. Bratton asks the Court to consider imposing sanctions against
Ms. Blenkinsop’s counsel. He contends that it was improper for her to include the
language just discussed in her proposed order. We have rejected his argument that this
language was improper, and will not consider imposing such sanctions.

[¶29] Finally, he claims that William Bratton’s guardian ad litem has not adequately

                                             7
performed her duties and responsibilities. He asserts that we should impose sanctions
against her “for her inability in perform [sic] her legal responsibilities to protect the rights
of Ward William Bratton.” We will not consider this argument, as it is entirely lacking in
citations to relevant authority or cogent argument.

Attorney’s Fees

[¶30] Ms. Blenkinsop claims that there was no reasonable cause for these appeals. She
requests that we award her reasonable costs and attorney’s fees pursuant to W.R.A.P.
10.05(b). We agree that an award of attorney’s fees is appropriate.

[¶31] In Bratton I, ¶ 39, 330 P.3d at 256, we said: “While Bratton’s briefing left a great
deal to be desired, we were able to conduct a meaningful review of the issues presented
on the record we received. We therefore decline to certify that he had no reasonable
cause for his appeal, and we deny the request for sanctions.” In Bratton II, ¶ 8 n.1, 344
P.3d at 258 n.1 we wrote:

              Due to the inadequacies of Mr. Bratton’s brief, including the
              lack of a standard of review and citation to authority,
              Ms. Blenkinsop requests that we certify that there was no
              reasonable cause for this appeal and award her costs and
              attorney fees under Rule 10.05 of the Wyoming Rules of
              Appellate Procedure. As in Mr. Bratton’s original appeal,
              however, we conclude that although his brief leaves a great
              deal to be desired, we were able to conduct a meaningful
              review of the issues presented. Accordingly, we decline to
              certify that he had no reasonable cause for his appeal, and we
              deny the request for sanctions.

[¶32] In the appeals before us now, we reach a different conclusion. Once again,
Mr. Bratton’s briefing is inadequate due to his failure to cite legal authority sufficient to
support his arguments and his failure to set forth standards of review. Many of his issues
were not supported by cogent argument, and his arguments on other issues are only
marginally better. All of them are lacking in legal merit. We therefore certify that there
was no reasonable cause for these appeals, and award reasonable attorney’s fees and costs
to Ms. Blenkinsop.

[¶33] In conclusion, we affirm the district court’s decisions accepting the Guardian’s
Second Report and the Conservator’s First Annual Accounting. We also award
reasonable attorney’s fees and costs to Ms. Blenkinsop. Ms. Blenkinsop shall submit to
the Court statements of attorney’s fees and costs incurred in these appeals so that we can
determine an appropriate award.

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