Court Opinion

ID: 4223904
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-11-28 16:00:51.330466+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:42:01.588798
License: Public Domain

Case: 16-17280    Date Filed: 11/28/2017   Page: 1 of 4

                                                        [DO NOT PUBLISH]

           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                   FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                     ________________________

                           No. 16-17280
                       Non-Argument Calendar
                     ________________________

              D.C. Docket No. 2:16-cv-00596-SPC-MRM

DANIEL A. BERNATH,

                                                           Plaintiff-Appellant,

                                  versus

THE AMERICAN LEGION,
DON SHIPLEY,
DIANE SHIPLEY,
EXTREME SEAL EXPERIENCE LLC,
MARK CAMERON SEAVEY,
TERRENCE B. HOEY, et al.,

                                                        Defendants-Appellees.

                     ________________________

              Appeal from the United States District Court
                  for the Middle District of Florida
                    ________________________

                           (November 28, 2017)
               Case: 16-17280     Date Filed: 11/28/2017     Page: 2 of 4

Before MARCUS, WILLIAM PRYOR and ROSENBAUM, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:
      Daniel A. Bernath appeals pro se the sua sponte dismissal without prejudice

of his amended complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Bernath alleged

that the defendants harassed him and inflicted damage on his property, in violation

of the Anti-Terrorism Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2333, and the Racketeer Influenced and

Corrupt Organizations Act, id. § 1964(c), and that they engaged in tortious

conduct, in violation of state law. We affirm.

      Bernath’s claims against the defendants fail to present a substantial question

of federal law that conferred jurisdiction on the district court. See 28 U.S.C.

§ 1331. “The test of federal jurisdiction” hinges on “whether ‘the cause of action

alleged is so patently without merit as to justify . . . the court’s dismissal for want

of jurisdiction.’” McGinnis v. Ingram Equip. Co., 918 F.2d 1491, 1494 (11th Cir.

1990) (en banc) (quoting Dime Coal Co. v. Combs, 796 F.2d 394, 396 (11th Cir.

1986)). Bernath’s claim for civil damages under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 18 U.S.C.

§ 2333(a), (d), is “wholly insubstantial,” Int’l Cafe, S.A.L. v. Hard Rock Cafe Int’l

(U.S.A.), Inc., 252 F.3d 1274, 1277 (11th Cir. 2001). The defendants do not

plausibly comprise a “foreign organization,” 8 U.S.C. § 1189(a)(1), that committed

acts against Bernath with the intent “to intimidate or coerce a civilian population,”

“to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion,” or “to affect

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the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination or kidnapping,” 18

U.S.C. § 2331(1). And Bernath alleged no pattern of racketeering activity by the

Shipleys, The American Legion, and Extreme Seal Experience LLC, consisting of

acts that violated the Patriot Act, Pub. L. No. 107-56, § 813, 115 Stat. 424, or the

Hobbs Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1961(1)(B), to present a plausible claim under the

Racketeer Influenced Act, id. § 1964(c).

      Bernath’s amended complaint also fails to allege diversity of citizenship

among the parties. 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a). Federal district courts have original

jurisdiction over civil actions “between . . . citizens of different States” where the

amount in controversy exceeds $75,000. Id. § 1332(a)(1). Bernath failed to allege

that there was “complete diversity between all plaintiffs and all defendants.” See

Lincoln Prop. Co. v. Roche, 546 U.S. 81, 89 (2005). Bernath alleged where he and

the defendants resided, instead of where they were citizens. See Travaglio v. Am.

Exp. Co., 735 F.3d 1266, 1269 (11th Cir. 2013) (“[A]llegations in [a] complaint

about . . . citizenship are fatally defective” when it consists of “[r]esidence

alone[.]”). Bernath also failed to allege the citizenship of each member of Extreme

Seal, which enjoys “citizen[ship] [in] every state that any member is a citizen of,”

Purchasing Power, LLC v. Bluestem Brands, Inc., 851 F.3d 1218, 1220 (11th Cir.

2017). And The American Legion, as a federally chartered corporation, 36 U.S.C.

§ 21701, is not considered a citizen of any state “unless [its] activities [are]

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sufficiently ‘localized’ in one state.” See Loyola Fed. Sav. Bank v. Fickling, 58

F.3d 603, 606 (11th Cir. 1995). Bernath alleged that The American Legion had “its

headquarters . . . [in] Indiana” and “operate[d] an unlicensed investigative business

within Florida,” which controverts his argument that the corporation is a citizen of

a single state for diversity purposes.

      The district court correctly dismissed Bernath’s complaint. Because the

district court lacked jurisdiction based on a question of federal law or on diversity

of citizenship, 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331, 1332, it had to “dismiss [Bernath’s] state law

claims.” See Scarfo v. Ginsberg, 175 F.3d 957, 962 (11th Cir. 1999). Bernath

argues that he should have been given a second opportunity to amend his

complaint, but the district court dismissed the complaint without prejudice, so

Bernath is free to file another complaint if he can allege a plausible claim against

the defendants that invokes the jurisdiction of the district court. The district court

also did not abuse its discretion in denying Bernath’s request for jurisdictional

discovery when no jurisdictional facts were in dispute.

      We AFFIRM the dismissal without prejudice of Bernath’s complaint.

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