Court Opinion

ID: 997883
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-07-04 17:03:28.01473+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:35:51.957782
License: Public Domain

UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,

v.                                                                     No. 98-4380

KATHI BARBOUR PRICE, a/k/a Storm,
Defendant-Appellant.

Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Virginia, at Roanoke.
James C. Turk, District Judge.
(CR-97-120)

Submitted: January 29, 1999

Decided: February 25, 1999

Before WILKINS, LUTTIG, and KING, Circuit Judges.

_________________________________________________________________

Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

_________________________________________________________________

COUNSEL

Mark Kevin Tyndall, MORCHOWER, LUXTON & WHALEY,
Richmond, Virginia, for Appellant. Robert P. Crouch, Jr., United
States Attorney, Joseph W.H. Mott, Assistant United States Attorney,
Roanoke, Virginia, for Appellee.

_________________________________________________________________

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See
Local Rule 36(c).
OPINION

PER CURIAM:

A jury convicted Kathi Barbour Price of two counts of distributing
methamphetamine and one count of possessing methamphetamine
with intent to distribute. On appeal she alleges that the district court
erred by denying her motion to dismiss the indictment for a violation
of the Speedy Trial Act, 18 U.S.C. § 3161 (1994). Finding no error,
we affirm.

Price sold methamphetamine to a government informant on two
separate occasions. Although she negotiated the first sale, the drugs
were actually delivered by a co-defendant named"Nose." Price was
arrested on October 21, 1997, when she arrived to complete a third
sale, and she was brought before a judicial officer the next day.1 A
formal indictment was filed on November 14, 1997, charging Price
with all three counts of conviction, and "Nose" was indicted with
Price in connection with the first sale.2 Price was arraigned on the
new charges (i.e., the distribution counts) on December 8, 1997. The
defense filed pretrial discovery motions, and trial commenced on Feb-
ruary 20, 1998.

We review the district court's interpretation of the Speedy Trial
Act de novo, but its factual findings are reviewed for clear error. See
United States v. Reavis, 48 F.3d 763, 770 (4th Cir. 1995). The speedy
trial "clock" is started on the date the formal indictment is filed, or on
the date the defendant appears before a judicial officer, whichever is
later, and the defendant must be tried within seventy days, excluding
reasonable delays. See 18 U.S.C. § 3161(c)(1) (1994). Price alleges
that the clock started for her on November 14, 1997; the date of the
formal indictment. She argues that even taking into account the
fifteen-day discovery period which both parties agreed to, her trial
should have commenced prior to February 7, 1998.
_________________________________________________________________
1 At this point, Price was only charged with possession of methamphet-
amine with intent to distribute in connection with the attempted sale on
October 21.
2 "Nose" was never apprehended and remains a fugitive. No motion for
severance was ever made or granted.

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We disagree. Since Price was charged with new offenses, the clock
did not begin to run until December 8, 1997, when she appeared
before a judicial officer on the new charges. See United States v.
Carey, 746 F.2d 228, 230-31 (4th Cir. 1984). As a result, the deadline
for trial was March 3, 1998, well after Price's actual trial date. More-
over, Price was indicted with a codefendant who was never appre-
hended or arraigned. As a result, the speedy trial clock never began
to run. See United States v. Pena, 793 F.2d 486, 488-89 (2d Cir.
1986) (clock never begins to run on defendants who are fugitives and
never arraigned, and any delay attributable to one defendant is attrib-
utable to all codefendants).

Accordingly, we affirm Price's convictions and sentence. We dis-
pense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are
adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument
would not aid the decisional process.

AFFIRMED

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