Court Opinion

ID: 4033618
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-09-14 17:00:24.424135+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:29:32.699151
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     ELIZABETH AVILES-WYNKOOP,                       DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         DC-315H-16-0327-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE,                          DATE: September 14, 2016
                 Agency.

                  THIS ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Nate Nelson, Petersburg, Virginia, for the appellant.

           Jenifer J. Schall, Esquire, and Kevin Greenfield, Washington, D.C., for the
             agency.

                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member

                                     REMAND ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     dismissed her termination appeal for lack of jurisdiction.           For the reasons
     discussed below, we GRANT the appellant’s petition for review, VACATE the

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                       2

     initial decision, and REMAND the case to the Washington Regional Office for
     further adjudication in accordance with this Order.
                                      BACKGROUND
¶2         On February 3, 2016, the appellant, a GS-13 Program Analyst in the
     competitive service, filed an appeal of her termination and requested a hearing.
     Initial Appeal File (IAF) Tab 1, Tab 5 at 12.         She alleged that the agency
     improperly considered her to be a probationary employee, but that she was
     reinstated to the position under 5 C.F.R. § 315.401, and had previously completed
     a probationary period. IAF, Tab 1 at 3. The administrative judge set forth the
     law applicable to the question of Board jurisdiction over a probationary
     termination and ordered the appellant to file evidence and argument showing that
     the appeal was within the Board’s jurisdiction. IAF, Tab 2. The agency moved to
     dismiss the appeal, arguing that the appellant was serving in a probationary
     period despite her prior Federal service and that the Board did not have
     jurisdiction over the appeal. IAF, Tab 5 at 4-9. The appellant responded to the
     agency’s motion. IAF, Tab 11.
¶3        After considering the pleadings, the administrative judge dismissed the
     appeal for lack of jurisdiction, finding that the appellant was a probationary
     employee who did not have 1 year of current continuous service, and did not have
     any other service that could be “tacked” to her probationary period. IAF, Tab 12,
     Initial Decision (ID).   The administrative judge did not hold the appellant’s
     requested hearing on the jurisdictional issue.
¶4        The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision. Petition
     for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1. She reiterates her assertions made below that she
     was reinstated to her position, had previously completed a probationary period,
     and, therefore, met the definition of employee under 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A)(i)
     because she was not serving a probationary period under an initial appointment at
     the time of her termination. Id. at 3-5. The agency has responded to the petition
     for review. PFR File, Tab 4.
                                                                                       3

                     DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW
¶5        The Board’s jurisdiction is limited to those matters over which it has been
     given jurisdiction by law, rule, or regulation.        Maddox v. Merit Systems
     Protection Board, 759 F.2d 9, 10 (Fed. Cir. 1985). Whether an individual in the
     competitive service has the right to appeal an adverse action depends on whether
     she is an “employee” under 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A). Walker v. Department of
     the Army, 119 M.S.P.R. 391, ¶ 5 (2013). 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A) defines an
     employee as an individual in the competitive service who (i) is not serving a
     probationary period under an initial appointment, or (ii) who has completed
     1 year of current continuous service under other than a temporary appointment
     limited to 1 year or less. 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A). In an adverse action appeal,
     an appellant is entitled to a hearing on jurisdiction if she makes a nonfrivolous
     claim of Board jurisdiction, at which she must prove jurisdiction by preponderant
     evidence.   Garcia v. Department of Homeland Security, 437 F.3d 1322, 1344
     (Fed. Cir. 2006) (en banc). Nonfrivolous allegations are allegations of fact that,
     if proven, could establish that the Board has jurisdiction over the matter at issue.
     Walker, 119 M.S.P.R. 391, ¶ 6 n.2.

     The administrative judge correctly found that the appellant was not an
     “employee” under 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A)(ii).

¶6        The administrative judge correctly found that the appellant does not meet
     the definition of employee under 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A)(ii) because she lacked
     1 year of current continuous service. ID at 4-5. “Current continuous service”
     means “a period of employment or service immediately preceding an adverse
     action without a break in Federal civilian employment of a workday.” Ellefson v.
     Department of the Army, 98 M.S.P.R. 191, ¶ 14 (2005). The appellant resigned
     from her immediately previous Federal position, with the Department of Housing
     & Urban Development, effective September 30, 2014, and thus had a 9-month
     break in service prior to her June 29, 2015 appointment with the agency. IAF,
     Tab 5 at 82, 112. Therefore, the administrative judge correctly found that the
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     appellant did not meet the definition of an employee under 5 U.S.C.
     § 7511(a)(i)(A)(ii).

     The appellant has raised a nonfrivolous allegation that she was an employee
     under 5 U.S.C. § 7511(a)(1)(A)(i).

¶7         An agency may appoint by reinstatement to a competitive-service position
     an individual who previously was employed under a career or career-conditional
     appointment. 5 C.F.R. § 315.401(a). Under 5 C.F.R. § 315.801, the first year of
     service of an employee who is given a career or career-conditional appointment in
     the competitive service is a probationary period when, among other things, the
     employee was reinstated under subpart D (5 C.F.R. § 315.401), unless during any
     period of service that affords a current basis for reinstatement, the employee
     completed a probationary period or served with competitive status under an
     appointment that did not require a probationary period. In other words, when an
     agency appoints an individual using reinstatement authority, the individual must
     serve a probationary period unless during any prior service that forms the current
     basis for the reinstatement, the individual completed probation or did not have to
     serve a probationary period. 5 C.F.R. §§ 315.401, 801(a).
¶8         The parties do not contest that the appellant was appointed to her position
     by reinstatement.      PFR File, Tab 1 at 4, Tab 4 at 4.    The Standard Form 50
     (SF-50) documenting her appointment reflects that she was appointed by
     reinstatement under 5 C.F.R. § 315.401. IAF, Tab 5 at 83. Although “the SF-50
     is not a legally operative document controlling on its face an employee’s status
     and rights,” it still can be considered as evidence when determining the nature of
     an action. Grigsby v. Department of Commerce, 729 F.2d 772, 776 (Fed. Cir.
     1984). In sum, because the parties agree that the appellant was appointed by
     reinstatement and the record supports that conclusion, she is subject to the
     regulations at 5 C.F.R. § 315.801(a)(2) regarding probationary periods for
     individuals appointed through reinstatement.
                                                                                              5

¶9          The appellant argues on review, as she did below, that she previously
      completed a probationary period during a period affording a current basis for her
      reinstatement and, therefore, under 5 C.F.R. §§ 315.401 and 315.801(a)(2), she
      was not required to serve a probationary period with the agency. PFR File, Tab 1
      at 4-5; IAF, Tab 1 at 4. The administrative judge did not address this argument,
      instead conducting an analysis under 5 C.F.R. § 315.802(b) to determine if the
      appellant’s prior service could be “tacked” to her more recent agency service to
      find that she completed her current probationary period for jurisdictional
      purposes. ID at 4. However, any “tacking” analysis would be irrelevant if the
      appellant was not required to serve a probationary period with the agency because
      she completed a probationary period during a period affording a current basis for
      her reinstatement.
¶10         The Board addressed a situation similar to that presented by this appeal in
      Abdullah v. Department of the Treasury, 113 M.S.P.R. 99 (2009). The agency in
      that appeal terminated the appellant during what it believed was his probationary
      period, but the Board noted that the appellant might have been appointed to his
      position through reinstatement and, if that were the case and he met the criteria
      of 5 C.F.R. § 315.802(a)(2), then he met the statutory definition of an employee.
      Id., ¶¶ 11-13. Because the record had not been developed regarding these issues,
      the Board in Abdullah remanded the appeal to further develop the record. 2
      Id., ¶ 14.
¶11         Here, the record is also not adequately developed to address the appellant’s
      arguments. Therefore, we remand this appeal to the administrative judge to take

      2
        The agency argues that this appeal is controlled by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
      Federal Circuit’s decision in Shelton v. Department of the Air Force, 382 F.3d 1335
      (Fed. Cir. 2004). We have considered the decision and find it inapposite. Unlike the
      case at bar, in Shelton there is no suggestion that the appellant was reinstated under the
      authority of 5 C.F.R. § 315.401. Although the court used the term “reinstatement” to
      describe the rehiring of the appellant to the same position 13 years after he departed, it
      appears that the court used the word in its common meaning and not as a term of art as
      used in the regulation.
                                                                                 6

additional evidence and argument regarding the nature of the appellant’s
appointment with the agency, what prior appointment(s) served as a basis for the
appellant’s reinstatement, and whether she completed a probationary period
during the appointment(s). The administrative judge shall afford the appellant a
hearing on these jurisdictional issues.

                                      ORDER
      For the reasons discussed above, we remand this case to the Washington
Regional Office for further adjudication in accordance with this Remand Order.

FOR THE BOARD:                            ______________________________
                                          Jennifer Everling
                                          Acting Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.