Court Opinion

ID: 4427882
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-08-20 18:57:22.64254+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:50:47.552519
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-5555-17T1

ROCCO DUARDO,

          Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

CITY OF HACKENSACK,
HACKENSACK POLICE
DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF
THE BERGEN COUNTY
PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE,
GURBIR S. GREWAL, in his
official capacity as Bergen County
Prosecutor, and TED M.
EHRENBURG, in his official
capacity as City Manager for the
City of Hackensack,

          Defendants-Respondents.

                    Argued July 9, 2019 – Decided August 5, 2019

                    Before Judges Hoffman and Currier.

                    On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                    Division, Bergen County, Docket No. L-5522-17.
            Charles J. Sciarra argued the cause for appellant
            (Sciarra & Catrambone, LLC, attorneys; Charles J.
            Sciarra, of counsel and on the brief; Frank C. Cioffi, on
            the brief).

            Raymond R. Wiss argued the cause for respondents
            City of Hackensack, Hackensack Police Department,
            and Ted M. Ehrenburg (Wiss & Bouregy, PC,
            attorneys; Raymond R. Wiss, of counsel and on the
            brief; Thomas K. Bouregy, Jr. and Timothy J. Wiss, on
            the brief).

            Thomas B. Hanrahan argued the cause for respondents
            Bergen County Prosecutor's Office and Gurbir S.
            Grewal (Hanrahan Pack, LLC, attorneys; David Pack,
            of counsel and on the brief; Thomas B. Hanrahan and
            Kathy A. Kennedy, on the brief).

PER CURIAM

      Plaintiff Rocco Duardo appeals from a March 26, 2018 order, denying him

injunctive relief and dismissing his verified complaint, and the July 23, 2018

order, denying reconsideration.        Because we find plaintiff's counsel's

certification was insufficient to support Rule 1:4-7's verification requirement,

the complaint was procedurally flawed, requiring its dismissal. We affirm.

      Plaintiff is a patrolman in the Hackensack Police Department (HPD). In

December 2016, he and five other officers engaged in a warrantless search of an

apartment. The report submitted by Detective Mark Gutierrez stated that the

officers originally arrived at the area to "check for narcotic activity." After the

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officers were on the scene, Gutierrez stated an unknown resident informed them

"he believed there was an unattended child" in a specific apartment. When no

one responded to the officers' knock on the apartment's door, they discovered it

"was left [u]nsecured." Gutierrez reported the officers entered the apartment,

checked it, and left.

      After HPD received an anonymous letter claiming Gutierrez's report of

the December 2016 search was "full of lies," HPD's internal affairs department

initiated an investigation into the search. Surveillance footage from a camera

inside the building showed the six officers entering the apartment after

tampering with the door's lock. HPD informed defendant the Bergen County

Prosecutor's Office (BCPO) of the officers' unlawful entry into the apartment.

The BCPO thereafter began a criminal investigation into the events.

      In May 2017, defendant City of Hackensack (City) issued plaintiff a

Preliminary Notice of Disciplinary Action (PNDA), suspending plaintiff from

HPD, without pay, "effective immediately" because of the warrantless search.

HPD also sought to terminate plaintiff from his employment for violating

multiple New Jersey statutes, regulations, and HPD rules.

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       Following a Loudermill 1 hearing, plaintiff's suspension was upheld but the

City was instructed to return plaintiff to paid status. The hearing officer found

the Internal Affairs Captain and City Manager to be "very credible."

       After reviewing HPD's internal affairs investigation report, the BCPO

determined the facts did not support the filing of criminal charges against

plaintiff.   The BCPO referred the matter back to "HPD to conduct an

administrative internal affairs investigation in accordance with the Attorney

General's Guidelines."

       The next day, defendant Gurbir Grewal, the Bergen County Prosecutor,

wrote to HPD stating: "While we informed you on July 19, 2017 . . . that our

review of those allegations and available evidence did not support the filing of

criminal charges against [plaintiff] at this time, we believe that [his] conduct

undermines . . . [his] credibility as [a] law enforcement witness[]." As a result

of the officers' conduct, the BCPO determined it had to dismiss eight cases

pertaining to sixteen different criminal defendants.      Grewal stated further:

"Based on the holdings in Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963), Giglio v.

1
  Cleveland Bd. of Educ. v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532 (1985) (holding that a
public employee has a property right in his or her continued employment that
cannot be taken away without due process).

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United States, 405 U.S. 150 (1972), and their progeny, any decisions concerning

the future testimony of any of the [s]ubject [o]fficers will be made on a case-by-

case basis."

      In August 2017, plaintiff filed a complaint, verified by his counsel, and

an order to show cause, seeking to enjoin defendants from pursuing

administrative charges against him, and from designating him as a Brady officer.

      The City filed a second PNDA on September 1, 2017, suspending the

officers with pay. The PNDA again sought to terminate plaintiff from the HPD,

and charged him with failing to follow HPD rules and regulations, pursuant to

N.J.S.A. 40A:14-147, and for "[i]ncompetency, inefficiency, [inability] or

failure to perform duties" under N.J.A.C. 4A:2-2.3(a)(1), (3), (12). In response,

plaintiff filed a second amended verified complaint incorporating the second

PNDA. The complaint included an amended verification and certification from

plaintiff's counsel.

      Defendants opposed the order to show cause and moved for dismissal of

the verified complaints.

      In a March 26, 2018 order and accompanying written statement of reasons,

the trial judge found plaintiff's failure to verify the alleged facts in his complaint

to demonstrate his personal knowledge of the allegations was a "fatal procedural

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deficiency," requiring dismissal of the complaint. The judge also found plaintiff

failed to meet the Crowe2 standards for injunctive relief. Lastly, the judge

advised that plaintiff had failed to pursue the appropriate administrative

remedies regarding the PDNAs afforded to him under the Civil Service Act,

N.J.S.A. 11A:1-1 to -12.6.

       Plaintiff moved for reconsideration, and leave to file a third verified

amended complaint. In a July 23, 2018 order and written statement of reasons,

the trial judge denied the motions, finding plaintiff had not met the standard for

reconsideration under Rule 4:49-2 and he had failed to cure the complaint's

deficiencies to allow its amendment.

       On appeal, plaintiff argues: 1) his counsel could verify the complaint

because the allegations are supported by facts in a business record (Gutierrez's

report); 2) the BCPO's decision to designate plaintiff as a Brady officer should

be reviewed for an abuse of discretion; 3) the BCPO abused its discretion in

designating plaintiff as a Brady officer; and 4) he demonstrated a right to

injunctive relief.

2
    Crowe v. De Gioia, 90 N.J. 126 (1982).

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      In a summary action brought under Rule 4:67-2, the complaint must be

verified by affidavit pursuant to Rule 1:6-6.       Similar to the verification

requirement under Rule 1:4-7, Rule 1:6-6 prescribes the affidavit must be "made

on personal knowledge, setting forth only facts which are admissible in evidence

to which the affiant is competent to testify."

      Multiple paragraphs of plaintiff's complaint refer to statements made in

Gutierrez's report. Plaintiff has not presented any certifications or affidavits

verifying his allegations. Instead, his counsel's certification verified that the

contents of Gutierrez's report were "true and accurate to the best of [his]

knowledge." Under Rule 1:4-7, "[v]erification requires that the pleading party

allege facts that are based on personal knowledge and that such allegations be

of facts admissible as evidence to which the affiant is competent to testify."

Hodges v. Sasil Corp., 189 N.J. 210, 233 n.2 (2007) (first citing R. 1:4-7; then

citing Monmouth Cty. Div. of Soc. Servs. v. P.A.Q., 317 N.J. Super. 187, 193-

94 (App. Div. 1998)).

      We have previously held that an attorney is generally not an individual

possessing personal knowledge of relevant facts. See Gonzalez v. Ideal Tile

Importing Co., 371 N.J. Super. 349, 358 (App. Div. 2004) ("Even an attorney's

sworn statement will have no bearing on a summary judgment motion when the

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attorney has no personal knowledge of the facts asserted."). Here, counsel does

not assert, and could not assert, he possessed personal knowledge of the facts in

Gutierrez's report.

         We are unpersuaded by plaintiff's argument, raised for the first time on

appeal, that his counsel can testify to the facts in Gutierrez's report because they

are admissible under the business records hearsay exception. See N.J.R.E. 803

(c)(6). In light of the circumstances surrounding the creation of Gutierrez's

investigative report, its admissibility as a business record is unlikely. Rule 803

(c)(6) prohibits the admissibility of a statement in a writing or record if "the

sources of information or the method, purpose or circumstances of preparation

indicate that it is not trustworthy." The circumstances leading to plaintiff's

disciplinary actions, and his lawsuit, arise out of the events depicted in

Gutierrez's report, which have been found to be false in several administrative

proceedings.

         Even if the report was admissible, it does not solve plaintiff's verification

issue.     Counsel still lacks the requisite personal knowledge to verify the

complaint. He cannot show he was present during the challenged search nor that

he helped Gutierrez prepare the report.

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      The procedural deficits of the verification are a fatal flaw, rendering it a

"nullity." P.A.Q., 317 N.J. Super. at 194. In the absence of a verification, the

trial court lacked jurisdiction to consider the complaint, and therefore properly

dismissed it.

      Because we conclude the trial judge did not err in dismissing the

complaint for plaintiff's failure to verify its allegations, we need not address the

remaining arguments. We also discern no abuse of discretion in the denial of

plaintiff's motion for reconsideration.

      Affirmed.

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