Court Opinion

ID: 9372581
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-02-21 22:03:17.286725+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:36.404266
License: Public Domain

2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U
                                           No. 2-22-0335
                                   Order filed February 21, 2023

      NOTICE: This order was filed under Supreme Court Rule 23(b) and is not precedent
      except in the limited circumstances allowed under Rule 23(e)(1).
______________________________________________________________________________

                                              IN THE

                               APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS

                              SECOND DISTRICT
______________________________________________________________________________

TIFFANY WILCOX,                        ) Appeal from the Circuit Court
                                       ) of Lake County.
      Petitioner-Appellee,             )
                                       )
v.                                     ) No. 20-F-421
                                       )
JACOB DAVISON,                         ) Honorable
                                       ) Veronica M. O’Malley,
      Respondent-Appellant.            ) Judge, Presiding.
______________________________________________________________________________

       JUSTICE SCHOSTOK delivered the judgment of the court.
       Justices Jorgensen and Kennedy concurred in the judgment.

                                              ORDER

¶1     Held: Trial court did not err in finding that respondent’s request for temporary parenting
             time had been resolved, granting petitioner’s motion to reconsider its denial of her
             earlier motion to voluntarily dismiss her petition, finding that Illinois was no longer
             the home state of the child, and entering judgment against respondent for unpaid
             GAL fees.

¶2     The respondent, Jacob Davison, appeals pro se from the trial court’s order of September

15, 2022, which found that Jacob’s petition for temporary parenting time had been resolved and

did not constitute a pending counterpetition; granted the oral motion of the petitioner, Tiffany

Wilcox, to nonsuit her petition; found that the home state of the parties’ child was not Illinois; and
2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

entered judgment against Jacob in the amount of his unpaid guardian ad litem (GAL) fees. We

affirm.

¶3                                       I. BACKGROUND

¶4        The parties, who are not married to each other, have one minor child born in 2017. The

child has always lived with Tiffany, who originally lived in Illinois. Jacob lives in Wisconsin, and

Tiffany obtained a determination of parentage there. The record does not reflect that Jacob sought

or was granted any parenting time in that proceeding.

¶5        In September 2018, Tiffany obtained a plenary order of protection in the circuit court of

Lake County against Jacob after he broke into her home in the middle of the night, had a physical

altercation with her, and vandalized a vehicle. Despite the order of protection, Jacob continued to

harass Tiffany, sending her over 5000 text messages in 2020 and following her to the police

department. On July 26, 2020, Tiffany sought an emergency extension of the order of protection

and permission to move with the minor child to New Jersey. On July 29, Tiffany and her counsel

appeared in court before Judge Reginald Matthews on her motion to extend. When Tiffany told

the court of her intent to move to New Jersey, the court advised her that she was free to leave

Illinois with the child. Tiffany and the child moved to New Jersey in August 2020.

¶6        Prior to moving, however, on July 30 Tiffany filed in the Lake County circuit court a

petition to establish parentage, allocate parental responsibilities and parenting time, and for other

relief. Jacob responded by filing a petition for temporary parenting time. The parentage and order

of protection proceedings were consolidated on August 20, 2020. In December 2020, an agreed

permanent restraining order was entered in place of Tiffany’s order of protection. It barred Jacob

from removing the child from Tiffany’s possession without further court order.

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

¶7      The parties jointly sought the appointment of a guardian ad litem (GAL) for the child, and

one was appointed in October 2020. The appointment order provided that the parties would split

the fees equally. In November 2020, the trial court entered a trial management order that, among

other things, directed both parties to attend parenting classes and file their certificates of

completion with the court. The order further provided that the failure to comply with its directives

could be grounds for sanctions pursuant to Illinois Supreme Court Rule 219(c) (eff. July 1, 2002).

Tiffany completed the parenting classes and filed her certificate of completion with the court in

March 2021. In October 2021, the trial court entered another case management order similarly

requiring the parties to complete parenting classes. However, Jacob never did so.

¶8      In March 2021, Tiffany filed a motion for relocation that sought more formal permission

for her move with the child to New Jersey. An agreed order permitting Jacob to have video

parenting time was entered. In July 2021, Tiffany moved to voluntarily dismiss her petition to

establish parentage and allocate parental responsibilities and parenting time. She noted that no

issues had been resolved and argued that no dispositive motions were pending that would mitigate

against voluntary dismissal. At the same time, she began parentage proceedings in New Jersey.

Thereafter, Jacob for the first time filed a motion seeking to force Tiffany to return the child to

Illinois.

¶9      On August 11, 2021, the trial court heard argument on the motion to voluntarily dismiss

the proceedings. It ruled that, although Tiffany had a right to voluntarily dismiss her own petition,

Jacob’s request for temporary parenting time was a counterclaim that prevented the dismissal of

the entire cause of action. Thereafter, through the entry of agreed orders in August 2021 and

September 2021, Jacob was granted temporary parenting time.

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

¶ 10   Tiffany filed a request to stay the proceedings pending a conference with the New Jersey

court to determine whether, pursuant to section 207 of the Uniform Child-Custody Jurisdiction

and Enforcement Act (Act) (750 ILCS 36/207 (West 2020)), New Jersey should be considered the

child’s home state. Tiffany conceded that both Illinois and New Jersey could potentially exercise

jurisdiction over the child, but she argued that Illinois was not an appropriate forum as neither the

child nor any of the parties lived there.

¶ 11   In November 2021, the GAL submitted a petition for fees. Jacob filed a response, objecting

solely on the ground that Tiffany should be made to pay all of the fees instead of the parties splitting

them equally. Jacob did not argue that the fees were not reasonable or necessary. After a hearing,

the trial court granted the GAL’s fee petition, finding that the fees were reasonable and necessary,

and denied Jacob’s motion to reallocate the fees. It found that Tiffany had fully paid for her half

of those fees and entered judgment against Jacob in the amount of $3610 for his share of the fees.

¶ 12   In January 2022, the trial court held the conference pursuant to the Act. On February 2,

2022, the court entered an order declaring that Illinois was the child’s home state under the Act

and that it would continue to exercise jurisdiction over the case, noting that Tiffany had initially

filed the case there and the court there had appointed a GAL. Looking ahead, the trial court’s

order identified Jacob’s petition for temporary parenting time as the sole pending matter and set

that matter for hearing. In February 2022, Tiffany sought to hold Jacob in contempt for failing to

exercise his in-person parenting time with the child or to participate in video parenting time. In

March, a new agreed order for Jacob to have in-person parenting time with the child at Jacob’s

aunt’s house was entered.

¶ 13   In March 2022, the GAL filed another petition for interim fees. Although the parties were

granted time to file responses, neither did so.

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

¶ 14   On May 18, 2022, Tiffany filed an amended petition to relocate. Besides restating the

allegations of her previous petition, she included excerpts from her deposition of Jacob in which

he admitted breaking into her home very late at night after he had been drinking, breaking her

phone by hitting it out of her hand, and damaging her roommate’s car. She also detailed her

attempts to provide Jacob with parenting time with their child. Tiffany sought formal leave to

relocate, an award of sole parental decision-making to her, and either a reservation of the issue of

parenting time or the entry of reasonable schedule of parenting time for Jacob.

¶ 15   Another GAL fee petition was filed in July 2022 and again no objections were filed. That

petition was set for resolution at the August pretrial.

¶ 16   On August 12, 2022, the trial court held a pretrial and thereafter entered an order requiring

the parties to (a) pay any past-due GAL fees by September 6, and (b) pay an additional $1750 each

to the GAL for trial preparation. The order also granted Tiffany’s attorneys leave to withdraw.

Both parties were then pro se.

¶ 17   On September 15, 2022, the parties appeared for the hearing of all remaining issues.

Although the record on appeal does not contain any report of the proceedings on this date, the

parties agree that Tiffany made an oral motion to reconsider her motion to voluntarily dismiss the

proceedings. The order entered on that day granted Tiffany’s oral motion, finding that Jacob’s

petition for temporary parenting time was not a counterpetition and that, in any event, that petition

had been resolved by the entry of several agreed orders for parenting time. Any further request

for parenting time was denied, as Jacob had not complied with court orders requiring him to attend

parenting classes and to pay the amounts he owed the GAL. The court found that Jacob owed the

GAL a total of $6,110 and entered judgment in that amount against Jacob. The trial court also

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

found the home state of the minor child to be New Jersey. No further matters were pending, and

the case was taken off call.

¶ 18                                      II. ANALYSIS

¶ 19   Jacob appeals, arguing that the trial court erred in finding the child’s home state to be New

Jersey, in granting Tiffany’s motion to voluntarily dismiss the case, and ordering him to pay the

GAL fees without a hearing on the matter. We affirm.

¶ 20   We begin by noting that Jacob is pro se on appeal, and that his brief does not comply with

relevant Supreme Court rules in several respects. Indeed, Tiffany urges us to strike his brief for

that reason. Supreme Court rules “are not suggestions. They have the force of law, and the

presumption must be that they will be obeyed and enforced as written.” Bright v. Dicke, 166 Ill.

2d 204, 210 (1995). Nor does Jacob’s pro se status shield him from the consequences of his failure

to comply with those rules. “While reviewing courts are open to all persons who seek redress of

their grievances, a party’s decision to appear pro se does not relieve that party from adhering as

nearly as possible to the requirements of the rules of practice enunciated by our supreme court.”

McCutcheon v. Chicago Principals Ass’n, 159 Ill. App. 3d 955, 960 (1987).

¶ 21   Although this court has discretion to strike a brief and dismiss an appeal where a party has

failed to comply with Illinois Supreme Court Rule 341 (eff. Oct. 1, 2020), doing so is a harsh

sanction and is appropriate only when the procedural violations interfere with our review. Carter

v. Carter, 2012 IL App (1st) 110885, ¶ 12. Here, Jacob’s violations of Rules 341 and 342 are not

so severe as to preclude our review of the issues, and we therefore decline to strike his brief.

¶ 22   Jacob first contends that the trial court erred in determining on September 15, 2022, that

the home state of the minor child under the Act was New Jersey. He argues that jurisdiction over

a cause of action is determined when the case is first filed and notes that, when Tiffany filed her

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

petition in July 2020, both she and the child were present in Illinois and it was the child’s home

state. However, the Act itself specifically provides that a state may lose home state status if the

child and the parents have left the state to live elsewhere. See 750 ILCS 36/202 (West 2020)

(exclusive, continuing jurisdiction over the proceedings continues until “a court of this State or a

court of another state determines that the child, the child’s parents, and any person acting as a

parent do not presently reside in this State”). Section 202 of the Act thus specifically authorized

the trial court to determine, on September 15, 2022, that none of the interested parties lived in

Illinois and that therefore Illinois had lost exclusive, continuing jurisdiction over the case. The

cases cited by Jacob are inapposite and do not change this clear statutory language. See Lee v.

John Deere Insurance Co., 208 Ill. 2d 38, 43 (2003) (when a statute’s language is clear, it must be

given effect). Here, at the time of the trial court’s determination, both Tiffany and the child had

left Illinois over two years earlier and had been residing in New Jersey, and Jacob lived in

Wisconsin. As the facts were not in dispute, the trial court did not err in finding that Illinois was

no longer the child’s home state.

¶ 23     Jacob next argues that the trial court erred in granting Tiffany’s motion to voluntarily

dismiss the proceedings. He does not argue this point in his brief but instead refers us to the

arguments previously made by his counsel in response to Tiffany’s first motion to nonsuit. That

response argues only that Jacob’s request for temporary parenting time “falls with the parameters

of” the Illinois Marriage and Dissolution of Marriage Act (750 ILCS 5/602.7 (West 2020)) “as a

counterclaim that would result in a final disposition of the case if decided favorably.”

¶ 24   A party has an absolute right to voluntarily dismiss that party’s claim prior to the hearing

of that claim under section 2-1009(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/2-1009(a) (West

2009)), provided that the party complies with certain requirements. However, this provision

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

obviously applies only to the party’s own claim, and thus a voluntary dismissal will not affect other

parties’ pending claims. The question of whether a filing qualifies as a counterclaim is a question

of law, and thus we review the trial court’s determination on this issue de novo. DeLuna v.

Burciaga, 223 Ill. 2d 49, 59 (2006).

¶ 25   Here, the trial court found that, even if Jacob’s motion for temporary parenting time could

be considered a counterclaim that would survive Tiffany’s voluntary dismissal of her own claim,

that “counterclaim” had been resolved by the entry of several orders granting Jacob temporary

parenting time with the minor child. The response filed by Jacob’s counsel was filed early in the

case, before any of these orders had been entered, and it thus did not address the effect of the orders

granting temporary parenting time. And, as noted, Jacob does not raise any new argument before

this court. He thus has forfeited any argument that the trial court erred in finding that his petition

for temporary parenting time had been resolved and thus there was no longer any pending matter

that survived the voluntary dismissal of Tiffany’s claim. See Ill. S. Ct. R. 341(h)(7) (eff. Oct. 1,

2020) (if a party does not offer any argument or meaningful authority in support of that argument,

the argument is forfeited); People ex rel. Illinois Department of Labor v. E.R.H. Enterprises, Inc.,

2013 IL 115106, ¶ 56 (same).

¶ 26   Jacob’s last argument on appeal is convoluted and difficult to discern, but it appears to

revolve around the contention that the trial court did not hold an evidentiary hearing on the GAL’s

fee petition, thereby preventing him from making a case against the reasonableness and necessity

of the fees. However, trial courts are not obliged to hold evidentiary hearings on all fee petitions,

and the record does not reflect that Jacob ever objected to the GAL’s fee petitions as unreasonable

or unnecessary. If fees are uncontested, there is no reason for a hearing. Further, the record does

not show that Jacob ever asked for such a hearing. As noted earlier, Jacob did not include a

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2023 IL App (2d) 220335-U

transcript of the September 15, 2022, proceedings in the record on appeal. In any appeal, it is the

responsibility of the appellant to supply a complete record sufficient to permit review of the issues

it wishes to raise on appeal. People v. Carter, 2015 IL 117709, ¶ 19. In the absence of such a

record, we must presume that the order entered by the trial court was in conformity with the law

and had a sufficient factual basis. Koppel v. Michael, 374 Ill. App. 3d 998, 1008 (2007) (citing

Foutch v. O’Bryant, 99 Ill. 2d 389, 391-92 (1984)). Any doubts that arise from the incompleteness

of the record must be resolved against the appellant. Carter, 2015 IL 117709, ¶ 19. Jacob has not

established that the trial court erred in determining the amount of GAL fees without an evidentiary

hearing.

¶ 27                                    III. CONCLUSION

¶ 28   For the reasons stated, the judgment of the circuit court of Lake County is affirmed.

¶ 29   Affirmed.

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