Court Opinion

ID: 5127822
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-11-19 22:02:21.669284+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:23:02.913114
License: Public Domain

In the United States Court of Federal Claims
                                    OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
                                        Filed: October 22, 2021

* * * * * * * * * * * * *  *
MARY ORLOSKI,              *                               No. 17-936V
                           *                               Special Master Sanders
         Petitioner,       *
                           *                               UNPUBLISHED
v.                         *
                           *
SECRETARY OF HEALTH        *                               Attorneys’ Fees and Costs
AND HUMAN SERVICES,        *
                           *
         Respondent.       *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Verne E. Paradie, Jr., Paradie, Sherman, et al., Lewiston, ME, for Petitioner;
Lara A. Englund, United States Dep’t of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.

                 DECISION AWARDING ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS1

        On July 13, 2017, Mary Orloski (“Petitioner”) filed a petition for compensation pursuant
to the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program.2 42 U.S.C. §300aa-10 et seq. (2012).
Petitioner alleged that the influenza vaccine she received on October 23, 2014, and the tetanus-
diphtheria-acellular-pertussis vaccine she received on November 18, 2015, caused her to develop
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. On October 31, 2019, the undersigned issued her decision
dismissing the petition for insufficient proof. (ECF No. 47). Petitioner’s motion for review was

1
  The undersigned intends to post this Ruling on the United States Court of Federal Claims' website. This
means the Ruling will be available to anyone with access to the Internet. In accordance with Vaccine
Rule 18(b), petitioner has 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other information, the
disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, the undersigned
agrees that the identified material fits within this definition, the undersigned will redact such material from
public access. Because this unpublished ruling contains a reasoned explanation for the action in this case,
the undersigned is required to post it on the United States Court of Federal Claims' website in accordance
with the E-Government Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012) (Federal Management and Promotion
of Electronic Government Services).
2
 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755. Hereinafter, for ease
of citation, all “§” references to the Vaccine Act will be to the pertinent subparagraph of 42 U.S.C. § 300aa
(2012).
denied by the Court of Federal Claims on March 17, 2020, and that decision was affirmed by the
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on March 8, 2021.

        On April 2, 2021, Petitioner filed a motion for attorneys’ fees and costs. (ECF No. 62)
(“Fees App.”). Petitioner requests total attorneys’ fees and costs in the amount of $29,328.30,
representing $26,454.00 in attorneys’ fees and $2,874.30 in attorneys’ costs. Fees App. Ex. 1 at 4.
Pursuant to General Order No. 9, Petitioner has indicated that she has not incurred any out of
pocket costs. Fees App. at 4. Respondent responded to the motion on April 16, 2021, stating that
Respondent “is satisfied that the statutory requirements for an award of attorneys’ fees and costs
are met in this case” and asking the Court to “exercise its discretion and determine a reasonable
award for attorneys’ fees and costs.” Resp’t’s Resp. at 2. (ECF No. 65). Petitioner did not file a
reply thereafter.

        This matter is now ripe for consideration.

   I.        Reasonable Attorneys’ Fees and Costs

         The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. § 15(e). The
Federal Circuit has approved the lodestar approach to determine reasonable attorneys’ fees and
costs under the Vaccine Act. Avera v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1348 (Fed.
Cir. 2008). This is a two-step process. Id. First, a court determines an “initial estimate . . . by
‘multiplying the number of hours reasonably expended on the litigation times a reasonable hourly
rate.’” Id. at 1347–48 (quoting Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)). Second, the court may
make an upward or downward departure from the initial calculation of the fee award based on
specific findings. Id. at 1348.

    It is “well within the special master’s discretion” to determine the reasonableness of fees.
Saxton v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 3 F.3d 1517, 1521–22 (Fed. Cir. 1993); see also Hines
v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 22 Cl. Ct. 750, 753 (1991). (“[T]he reviewing court must grant
the special master wide latitude in determining the reasonableness of both attorneys’ fees and
costs.”). Applications for attorneys’ fees must include contemporaneous and specific billing
records that indicate the work performed and the number of hours spent on said work. See Savin
v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 85 Fed. Cl. 313, 316–18 (2008). Such applications, however,
should not include hours that are “‘excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.’” Saxton, 3
F.3d at 1521 (quoting Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)).

        Reasonable hourly rates are determined by looking at the “prevailing market rate” in the
relevant community. See Blum, 465 U.S. at 895. The “prevailing market rate” is akin to the rate
“in the community for similar services by lawyers of reasonably comparable skill, experience and
reputation.” Id. at 895, n.11. Petitioners bear the burden of providing adequate evidence to prove
that the requested hourly rate is reasonable. Id.

        a.      Hourly Rate

        The decision in McCulloch provides a framework for consideration of appropriate ranges
for attorneys’ fees based upon the experience of the practicing attorney. McCulloch v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V, 2015 WL 5634323, at *19 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1,
2015), motion for recons. denied, 2015 WL 6181910 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 21, 2015). The
Court has since updated the McCulloch rates, and the Attorneys’ Forum Hourly Rate Fee
Schedules for 2015–2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 can be accessed online.3

        Petitioner requests that her attorney, Mr. Verne Paradie, be compensated at $420.00 per
hour for all work performed in this case, from 2017 to 2020. These rates require a reduction and
further discussion. Concerning the work performed in 2017 and 2018, the requested rate exceeds
what has previously been found reasonable for Mr. Paradie (and also what Mr. Paradie has
previously billed his time). Towne v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 16-1116V, 2019 WL
2153343, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Mar. 18, 2019) (awarding Mr. Paradie $300.00 per hour for
work performed in 2017 and 2018).

         Concerning work performed in 2019 and 2020, the undersigned finds that it is reasonable
to increase Mr. Paradie’s hourly rate. The question at bar then is, what is a reasonable hourly rate
for Mr. Paradie’s time during these years. Petitioner argues that the “Attorney’s Fee Schedule
places counsel in the 20–30 year range and the hourly fee between $414.00 and $491.00. [He]has
set his fee at $420.00 per hour.” Fees App. at 3. However, the numbers petitioner cites to are from
the 2021 Fee Schedule and are inapplicable to the instant case, because Mr. Paradie has not billed
any work in 2021. The Fee Schedule for 2019 prescribes a lower hourly rate between $378.00 and
$448.00, while the 2020 Schedule is between $394.00 and $467.00.

        Moreover, these rates are for attorneys practicing in a locale that has been determined to
be “in-forum” – that is, the reasonable local rates for the attorney are substantially similar to the
reasonable rates that attorney would command in the forum (in Vaccine Program litigation, the
forum is Washington, DC). It is not readily apparent to the undersigned whether Mr. Paradie, who
maintains his legal practice in Lewiston, Maine, would be entitled to receive forum rates. The
undersigned is not aware of any prior decisions from the Court of Federal Claims which have
found Mr. Paradie to be in-forum, and petitioner in the instant case has offered no such argument.
Indeed, Mr. Paradie’s billing in prior cases reveals he has requested and received amounts below
the forum rates. Specifically, as previously noted, Mr. Paradie billed $300.00 per hour for work
performed in 2017, despite the 2017 Fee Schedule prescribing an hourly rate between $307.00 and
$383.00 for comparable years of experience. Towne, 2019 WL 2153343, at *2. The undersigned
is also not aware of any attorney practicing in Maine who has found to be entitled to forum rates
in the Vaccine Program. See, e.g., Murray v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 17-361V, 2019
WL 994572, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Jan. 28, 2019) (the undersigned noting that petitioner did
not request in-forum rates for her attorney located in Kennebunk, Maine).

        In sum, the undersigned finds that Mr. Paradie is not entitled to forum rates for his work in
this case. Based on all relevant factors, the undersigned finds the following hourly rates to be
reasonable for Mr. Paradie’s work: $300.00 per hour for work performed in 2017 and 2018,

3
 The OSM Fee Schedules are available at: http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/node/2914. The hourly rates
contained within the schedules are updated from the decision in McCulloch, 2015 WL 5634323.
$315.00 per hour for work performed in 2019, and $330.00 per hour for work performed in 2020.
Application of these hourly rates results in a reduction of $6,712.50.4

         b. Reasonable Number of Hours

         Attorneys’ fees are awarded for the “number of hours reasonably expended on the
litigation.” Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. Counsel should not include in their fee requests hours that are
“excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.” Saxton, 3 F.3d at 1521 (quoting Hensley v.
Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)).

        Upon review, the undersigned finds the overall hours billed to be reasonable. Counsel has
provided sufficiently detailed descriptions for the tasks performed, and upon review, the
undersigned does not find any of the billing entries to be unreasonable. Accordingly, Petitioner is
entitled to final attorneys’ fees in the amount of $19,741.50.

         c. Attorney Costs

        Like attorneys’ fees, a request for reimbursement of attorneys’ costs must be reasonable.
Perreira v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 27 Fed. Cl. 29, 34 (Fed. Cl. 1992). Petitioner requests
a total of $2,874.30 in attorneys’ costs, comprised of acquiring medical records, postage, the
Court’s filing fee, and the appeal filing fee. Fees App. Ex. 1 at 4. Petitioner has provided adequate
documentation of all these expenses and they appear reasonable for the work performed in this
case. Petitioner is therefore awarded the full amount of costs sought.

         II.    Conclusion

        In accordance with the Vaccine Act, 42 U.S.C. §15(e) (2012), the undersigned has
reviewed the billing records and costs in this case and finds that Petitioner’s request for fees and
costs, other than the reductions delineated above, is reasonable. Based on the above analysis, the
undersigned finds that it is reasonable to compensate Petitioner and her counsel as follows:

    Attorneys’ Fees Requested                                           $26,454.00
    (Reduction to Fees)                                                - ($6,712.50)
    Total Attorneys’ Fees Awarded                                       $19,741.50

    Attorneys’ Costs Requested                                          $2,874.30
    (Reduction of Costs)                                                    -
    Total Attorneys’ Costs Awarded                                      $2,874.30

    Total Attorneys’ Fees and Costs                                     $22,615.80

4
  2017: ($420/hour billed - $300/hour awarded) * 9.0 hours billed = $1,080.00.
2018: ($420/hour billed - $300/hour awarded) * 22.8 hours billed = $2,736.00.
2019: ($420/hour billed - $315/hour awarded) * 13.7 hours billed = $1,438.50.
2020: ($420/hour billed - $330/hour awarded) * 16.2 hours billed = $1,458.00.
       Accordingly, the undersigned awards a lump sum in the amount of $22,615.80,
representing reimbursement for Petitioner’s attorneys’ fees and costs, in the form of a check
payable to Petitioner and Petitioner’s counsel, Mr. Verne Paradie, Jr.

        In the absence of a motion for review filed pursuant to RCFC Appendix B, the clerk of the
court is directed to enter judgment herewith.5

                IT IS SO ORDERED.

                                                         s/Herbrina D. Sanders
                                                         Herbrina D. Sanders
                                                         Special Master

5
  Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), entry of judgment can be expedited by the parties’ joint filing of notice
renouncing the right to seek review.