Court Opinion

ID: 8188002
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-09-09 23:10:46.560758+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:40:29.825474
License: Public Domain

Mabshali,, J.
The order appealed from is impeached because it does not limit the time during which payment to the respondent as therein directed may be enforced by imprisonment. Sec. 4633, Stats. 1898, is referred to as requiring such a limitation. That provides as follows:
“When a fine is imposed as the whole or any part of the punishment for any offense by any law the court shall also sentence the defendant to pay the costs of the prosecution and the costs incurred by the county at the request of the defendant, and to be committed to the county jail until the fine and costs are paid or discharged; but the court shall limit the time of such imprisonment in each case, in addition to any other imprisonment, in its discretion, in no case, however, to exceed six months.”
It is a part of the chapter devoted to “general provisions concerning crimes and misdemeanors” and clearly relates to offenses punishable by law following convictions in actions, *518not to cases of punishments imposed by courts following convictions for contemptuous violations of judicial authority. Such power to punish is inherent in judicial tribunals, subject to reasonable regulations by legislative power. State ex rel. Att’y Gen. v. Circuit Court, 97 Wis. 1, 72 N. W. 193.
Our statutory regulations, so far as they affect this case',, are contained in secs. 3491, 3492, Stats. 1898. They provide, first:
“When the misconduct proved consists of an omission to^ perform some act or duty which is yet in the power of the defendant to perform, he shall be imprisoned only until he shall have performed such act or duty and paid such fine as shall be imposed and the costs and expenses of the proceeding. In such case the order and warrant of commitment shall specify the act or duty to be performed and the amount of the fine and expenses to be paid.”
Second:
“In every other case, when no special provision is otherwise made by law, the defendant may be imprisoned for a reasonable time, not exceeding six months, and .until the fine, if any, and the expenses of the proceedings are paid; and the duration of such imprisonment shall be expressed in the order and warrant of commitment.”
It is obvious that the misconduct involved here is not one covered by the first section. There was no omission by appellants of any act or duty which they might subsequently haye performed, hence such misconduct necessarily falls tinder the second provision. It will be seen that such provision does not require the court to limit the time of confinement where inflicted as a means of enforcing the provisions of the order, other than so the same shall expire upon compliance therewith. There are two elements mentioned in the provision: imprisonment as punishment, not to exceed six months, and imprisonment solely as a means of coercing the defendant into complying with the order as to payment of money. That is permitted to be till payment shall be made. *519The order here was framed in exact compliance with sec. 3492, Stats. 1898. A like order, in similar circumstances, was approved by this court in Poertner v. Russel, 33 Wis. 193.
The order is further attacked because, as it is said, items of expense were included in the costs and expenses appellant was required to pay, that were foreign to the contempt proceedings. Whether such contention accords with the facts or not can only be definitely determined by an examination of evidence taken by the referee on the issues made up between the parties. What purports to be a copy thereof is in the return to this court, but does not constitute part of the record since it was not made so by a proper bill of exceptions. The governing rule applicable is stated in In re Baker, 72 Wis. 395, 39 N. W. 764, to the effect that the determination of a controversy upon evidence closed by an order cannot be reversed upon the merits upon an appeal from such order without a bill of exceptions.
What has been said calls for an affirmance of the order appealed from.
By the Oourt. — The order is affirmed.