Court Opinion

ID: 9407345
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-07-06 16:10:03.45779+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:20:37.067290
License: Public Domain

J-S20019-23

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT OP 65.37

    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA               :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                v.                             :
                                               :
                                               :
    ANTHONY THOMAS BUONAIUTO III               :
                                               :
                       Appellant               :   No. 166 EDA 2023

           Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered December 23, 2022,
                in the Court of Common Pleas of Wayne County,
             Criminal Division at No(s): CP-64-CR-0000084-2014.

BEFORE:      DUBOW, J., KUNSELMAN, J., and COLINS, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.:                              FILED JULY 06, 2023

        Anthony Thomas Buonaiuto, III, appeals pro se from the order denying

his untimely-filed petition pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”).

42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-46. We affirm.

        We previously summarized the pertinent facts and partial procedural

history as follows:

               According to the PCRA court, [Buonaiuto] was convicted of
        a sexual offense in Florida in August of 2003. In 2012, he was
        notified by the Pennsylvania State Police that he was required to
        register under the Sexual Offender Registration and Notification
        Act (“SORNA”), 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9799.10-9799.41. [Buonaiuto] did
        not do so and, on October 13, 2013, he was charged with failing
        to register with the Pennsylvania State Police, 18 Pa.C.S. §
        4915(a)(1), and failing to verify his address or be photographed,
____________________________________________

*   Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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      18 Pa.C.S. § 4915(a)(2). On September 12, 2014, he pled guilty
      to the section to the section 4915(a)(1) offense, and the (a)(2)
      offense was nolle prossed.       [Buonaiuto] was sentenced on
      November 6, 2014, to a term of 18 to 120 months’ incarceration.
      He did not file a direct appeal.

             On September 1, 2017, [Buonaiuto] filed a pro se PCRA
      petition alleging that his sentence for failing to register was illegal,
      as SORNA could not be retroactively applied to him under our
      Supreme Court’s decision in Commonwealth v. Muniz, 164 A.3d
      1189 (Pa. 2017) holding that SORNA’s registration provisions are
      punitive, and retroactive application of SORNA’s provisions
      violates the federal ex post facto clause , as well as the ex post
      facto clause of Pennsylvania’s Constitution). The PCRA court
      appointed counsel, but [Buonaiuto] filed a petition to proceed pro
      se. Accordingly, the court conducted a Grazier hearing and
      ultimately granted [Buonaiuto’s] petition to proceed pro se. On
      January 11, 2019, the court issued a Pa.R.Crim.P. 907 notice of
      its intent to dismiss [Buonaiuto’s] petition without a hearing, along
      with an accompanying opinion. [Buonaiuto] filed a timely, pro se
      response, but on February 6, 2019, the PCRA court entered an
      order denying his petition.

Commonwealth v. Buonaiuto, 222 A.3d 849 (Pa. Super. 2019), non-

precedential decision at 1-2 (footnotes and some citation omitted).

      Buonaiuto filed a timely, pro se appeal in which he claimed that he was

entitled to relief because SORNA was unconstitutionally applied to him based

on the Muniz decision. On October 21, 2019, we affirmed the PCRA court’s

order denying post-conviction relief because Buonaiuto’s PCRA petition was

untimely and he could not demonstrate that the Muniz decision satisfied an

exception to the PCRA’s time bar. Buonaiuto, non-precedential decision at

6.   On April 28, 2020, our Supreme Court denied Buonaiuto’s petition for

allowance of appeal, Commonwealth v. Buonaiuto, 230 A.3d 1011 (Pa.

2020), and on November 16, 2020, the United States Supreme Court denied

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his petition for a writ of certiorari. Buonaiuto v. Pennsylvania, 141 S.Ct.

854 (2020).

       On September 12, 2022, Buonaiuto filed a “Petition to Strike Void

Judgment,” in which he asserted that he could seek relief outside the PCRA

and claimed his case was controlled by our Supreme Court’s recent decision

in Commonwealth v. Santana, 266 A.3d 538 (Pa. 2021). The court below

denied this petition, and Buonaiuto appealed. In accordance with Pa.R.A.P.

1925(a), the PCRA court explained that it did not need to address the merits

of the petition “because a petition filed in accordance with the PCRA is the

only means for obtaining the relief sought by” Buonaiuto.       Statement of

Reasons, at 2.       Before this Court could consider Buonaiuto’s appeal, he

requested a discontinuance, which we granted on December 12, 2022.1

       On December 13, 2022, Buonaiuto filed the PCRA petition at issue, his

second. In this petition, he asserted that that PCRA’s time bar did not apply

to his constitutional claim based on the ab initio doctrine. By order of court

entered December 23, 2022, the PCRA court denied Buonaiuto’s petition. This

timely appeal followed. Both Buonaiuto and the PCRA court have complied

____________________________________________

1 We note that recent Supreme Court precedent would have permitted the
PCRA court to consider Buonaiuto’s request for relief outside the time
restrictions of the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Lacombe, 234 A.3d 602,
618 (Pa. 2020) (determining that neither the PCRA, nor “any other procedural
mechanism,” is the exclusive method for challenging sexual offender
registration statutes). Here, however, because Buonaiuto withdrew his
appeal, we could not rule on the merits of this issue.

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with Pa.R.A.P. 1925. In its Rule 1925(a) opinion, the PCRA court explained

that it dismissed Buonaiuto’s petition because it was untimely, and he did not

plead or prove a time-bar exception.        In addition, the court noted that

Buonaiuto previously litigated his claim in his first PCRA petition.

      Buonaiuto raises the following issue on appeal:

         Did the [PCRA court] abuse its discretion and commit an
         error of law when it denied [his] PCRA petition through a
         failure to apply and abide by controlling Pennsylvania
         Supreme Court precedent?

Buonaiuto’s Brief at 3.

      Buonaiuto challenges the denial of his most recent attempt to obtain

post-conviction relief.   Using the applicable standard of review, we must

determine whether the ruling of the PCRA court is supported by the record

and is free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Blakeney, 108 A.3d 739, 749-

50 (Pa. 2014) (citations omitted). We apply a de novo standard of review to

the PCRA court’s legal conclusions. Id.

      Before addressing Buonaiuto’s substantive issue, we must first

determine whether the PCRA court correctly concluded that Buonaiuto’s

second petition was untimely filed, and that Buonaiuto failed to establish an

exception to the time bar.

      The   timeliness    of   a   post-conviction   petition   is   jurisdictional.

Commonwealth v. Hernandez, 79 A.3d 649, 651 (Pa. Super. 2013).

Generally, a petition for relief under the PCRA, including a second or

subsequent petition, must be filed within one year of the date the judgment

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becomes final unless the petition alleges, and the petitioner proves, that an

exception to the time for filing the petition is met.

       The three narrow statutory exceptions to the one-year time bar are as

follows: “(1) interference by government officials in the presentation of the

claim; (2) newly discovered facts; and (3) an after-recognized constitutional

right.” Commonwealth v. Brandon, 51 A.3d 231, 233-34 (Pa. Super. 2012)

(citing 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i-iii)). In addition, exceptions to the PCRA’s

time bar must be pled in the petition and may not be raised for the first time

on appeal.        Commonwealth v. Burton, 936 A.2d 521, 525 (Pa. Super.

2007); see also Pa.R.A.P. 302(a) (providing that issues not raised before the

lower court are waived and cannot be raised for the first time on appeal).

Moreover, a PCRA petitioner must file his petition “within one year of date the

claim could have been presented.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2).

       Finally, if a PCRA petition is untimely and the petitioner has not pled and

proven an exception “neither this Court nor the [PCRA] court has jurisdiction

over the petition.      Without jurisdiction, we simply do not have the legal

authority    to    address   the    substantive   claims.”   Commonwealth      v.

Derrickson, 923 A.2d 466, 468 (Pa. Super. 2007) (citation omitted).

       Here, Buonaiuto’s judgment of sentence became final on December 8,

2014, thirty-two days2 after this Court affirmed his judgment of sentence and
____________________________________________

2Because the thirtieth day fell on a Saturday, Buonaiuto had until the following
Monday to file his petition for allowance of appeal. See 1 Pa.C.S.A. § 1908.

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the time for filing a petition for allowance of appeal to our Supreme Court

expired.    See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3).      Therefore, Buonaiuto had until

December 8. 2015 to file a timely petition.        Because Buonaiuto filed the

petition at issue in 2022, it is patently untimely unless he has satisfied his

burden of pleading and proving that one of the enumerated exceptions

applies. See Hernandez, supra.

      Our review of Buonaiuto’s petition supports that PCRA court’s

determination that he has failed to plead, let alone prove, the applicability of

any of the PCRA’s timeliness exceptions. Instead, he argues that, in light of

Muniz, supra, 18 Pa.C.S.A. section 4915.1(a)(1) of SORNA is void ab initio,

and that therefore his sentence is illegal without regard to the time restrictions

of the PCRA. According to Buonaiuto, a sentence that is void ab initio can be

addressed at any time and is non-waivable. We disagree.

      Buonaiuto’s attempt to circumvent the timeliness requirements and the

PCRA framework by arguing that PCRA time restrictions cannot apply to

sentences that were later deemed unconstitutional because they are “void ab

initio” actually is contrary to clear binding precedent.       As we noted, in

Buonaiuto’s prior appeal from the dismissal of his first PCRA petition:

              [W]e acknowledge that this Court has declared that,
           “Muniz created a substantive rule that retroactively applies
           in the collateral context.” Commonwealth v. Rivera-
           Figueroa, 174 A.3d 674, 678 (Pa. Super. 2017).

              However, because [Murphy’s] PCRA petition is untimely
           (unlike the petition at issue in Rivera-Figueroa), he must
           demonstrate that the Pennsylvania Supreme Court has
           held that Muniz applies retroactively in order to satisfy

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          section 9545(b)(1)(iii). See [Commonwealth v. Abdul-
          Salaam, 812 A.2d 497 (Pa. 2002)]. Because at this time,
          no such holding has been issued by our Supreme Court,
          [Murphy] cannot rely on Muniz to meet that timeliness
          exception.

       [Commonwealth v. Murphy, 180 A.3d 402, 405-06 (Pa. Super.
       2018), appeal denied, 195 A.3d 497 (Pa. 2018)] (emphasis in
       original; footnote omitted).

              As in Murphy, [Buonaiuto’s] petition is untimely and he
       cannot demonstrate that Muniz satisfies the exception of section
       9545(b)(1)(iii). Accordingly, we affirm the order denying his
       petition.

Buonaiuto, supra, non-precedential decision at 5-6 (footnote omitted).

       To date, our Supreme Court has not ruled that the Muniz decision

applies retroactively so as to satisfy a time-bar exception. Thus, Buonaiuto’s

second PCRA petition remains untimely, and this Court, like the PCRA court,

has no jurisdiction to consider the merits of his substantive issue.

Derrickson, supra. We therefore affirm the PCRA court’s order dismissing

Buonaiuto’s petition.3

____________________________________________

3 Even if we were to address the merits of Buonaiuto’s claim outside the PCRA
context, we would find it fails. Buonaiuto’s reliance upon our Supreme Court’s
decision in Santana is misplaced. At the time Santana committed his sex
offense in 1983, Santana was not required to register in Pennsylvania. Here,
at the time Buonaiuto committed his sex offense in 2003, he was required to
register as a sex offender pursuant to both Pennsylvania and Florida law.

      Additionally, we note that “[b]ecause offender registration requirements
evolve pursuant to the legislative decisions of our General Assembly,
registrants must comply with current law.” Commonwealth v. Smith, 240
A.3d 654, 657 (Pa. Super. 2020) (citing Lacombe, supra). In response to
the Muniz decision, the Pennsylvania legislature enacted SORNA II. See 42
Pa.C.S.A. § 9799.51(b)(4). Because Buonaiuto committed his crime in 2003,
(Footnote Continued Next Page)

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       Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 7/6/2023

____________________________________________

Buonaiuto is now subject to the registration requirements mandated by
Subchapter I of SORNA II. In Lacombe, our high court found that the
registration requirements of Subchapter I are non-punitive; “a challenge to
the requirements mandated by Subchapter I of SORNA II pertains to a
collateral consequence of one’s criminal sentence and does not fall within the
purview of the PCRA.” Smith, 240 A.3d at 658 (citation omitted). Thus, as
he was required to register at the time he committed his offense, there are no
ex post facto concerns with his sentence.

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