Court Opinion

ID: 2738821
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-10-01 16:06:44.00966+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:20:34.650667
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

                                   No. 13-0024
                              Filed October 1, 2014

PEDRO PEREZ-FUENTES,
    Applicant-Appellant,

vs.

STATE OF IOWA,
     Respondent-Appellee.
________________________________________________________________

      Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Marshall County, Michael J. Moon,

Judge.

      Applicant appeals the district court decision denying his request for

postconviction relief from his conviction for first-degree murder. AFFIRMED.

      Darrell G. Meyer, Marshalltown, for appellant.

      Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, Jean C. Pettinger, Assistant Attorney

General, Jennifer Miller, County Attorney, and Daniel J. Gonnerman, Assistant

County Attorney, for appellee.

      Considered by Vogel, P.J., Bower, J., and Sackett, S.J.*

 * Senior judge assigned by order pursuant to Iowa Code section 602.9206 (2013).
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SACKETT, S.J.

       Pedro Perez-Fuentes appeals the dismissal of his application for

postconviction relief (PCR). He seeks a new trial following his 2006 conviction of

first-degree murder in the death of Laurie Reyes. 1 Perez-Fuentes contends the

deficient performance of his trial, appellate, and PCR counsel denied him his

constitutional right to representation.

       We review ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims de novo. Ennenga v.

State, 812 N.W.2d 696, 701 (Iowa 2012).

       “To prove ineffective assistance of counsel, the appellant must
       show that (1) counsel failed to perform an essential duty, and (2)
       prejudice resulted.” There is a presumption the attorney acted
       competently, and prejudice will not be found unless there is “a
       reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s unprofessional errors,
       the result of the proceeding would have been different.”

Id.   Perez-Fuentes must prove both elements by a preponderance of the

evidence. See id.

       The first claim of ineffective assistance counsel concerns trial counsel’s

failure to object to testimony concerning Perez-Fuentes’s arrest and conviction

for domestic abuse assault. Although the trial court overruled counsel’s motion in

limine regarding the evidence, counsel failed to renew the objection at trial,

thereby waiving any error. See State v. Tangie, 616 N.W.2d 564, 568-69 (Iowa

2000) (“Ordinarily, error claimed in a court’s ruling on a motion in limine is waived

unless a timely objection is made when the evidence is offered at trial.”). The

record made before the PCR court shows that after the motion in limine was

1
 That conviction was affirmed by this court in State v. Perez-Fuentes, No. 06-1465,
2007 WL 4191962, at *1 (Iowa Ct. App. Nov. 29, 2007).
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overruled, counsel made the strategic decision to not object to the evidence at

trial in order to avoid drawing attention to it. This strategic decision does not

amount to a breach of an essential duty. See Kane v. State, 436 N.W.2d 624,

627 (Iowa 1989) (“Improvident trial strategy, miscalculated tactics, or mistakes in

judgment do not necessarily amount to ineffective assistance of counsel.”).

Accordingly, the claim fails. We likewise reject Perez-Fuentes’s claim appellate

counsel was ineffective in failing to raise this issue on direct appeal.

       Perez-Fuentes next claims trial counsel was ineffective in failing to object

to the prosecutor’s claim during opening statements that Perez-Fuentes told

Reyes, “If you are ever with another man, I will kill you and him both.” He argues

the prosecutor’s comment about the statement, which was not introduced at trial,

amounts to prosecutorial misconduct. However, trial counsel again testified the

choice to not object was a strategic one, designed to avoid drawing unnecessary

attention to the statement. Furthermore, the jury was instructed that opening

statements do not constitute evidence, and we presume the jury followed that

instruction. See State v. Hanes, 790 N.W.2d 545, 558 (Iowa 2010). Because

Perez-Fuentes has failed to show counsel breached an essential duty that

caused him prejudice, his claim fails.

       We next consider Perez-Fuentes’s claim trial counsel was ineffective in

failing to object to the State’s expert’s testimony regarding Reyes’s cause of

death and who killed her. Specifically, the State’s forensic pathologist testified

the manner of Reyes’s death was homicide. However, the expert did not testify

as to who committed the homicide or comment on Perez-Fuentes’s guilt. Trial
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counsel did not have a duty to object to this testimony, which was admissible.

See State v. Akright, 506 N.W.2d 465, 468 (Iowa Ct. App. 1993) (holding counsel

had no duty to object to the State Medical Examiner’s testimony that a child died

as a result of starvation “in the form of child neglect” because the witness did not

testify as to the defendant’s guilt or state the child was the victim of “felony child

endangerment,” the underlying felony in the defendant’s felony-murder

conviction). Counsel was not ineffective in failing to object.

       Perez-Fuentes also claims PCR counsel was ineffective in failing to obtain

a ruling on the admissibility of hearsay statements offered by “various” State

witnesses. He makes no claim as to how the outcome of the PCR hearing would

have been different had counsel directed the PCR court to this issue.

Accordingly, he has failed to prove PCR counsel was ineffective.

       Finally, after this case was transferred to our court, Perez-Fuentes filed a

motion seeking to have one issue raised in a supplemental pro se brief

considered in this appeal. That issue concerns trial counsel’s failure to request a

jury instruction on suicide. We deny the motion. However, had the issue been

considered, we find it would not have been meritorious.

       For the reasons stated herein, we affirm.

       AFFIRMED.