Court Opinion

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Date Created: 2015-10-13 21:04:42.61835+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:04:22.130635
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Opinions of the United
2002 Decisions                                                                                                             States Court of Appeals
                                                                                                                              for the Third Circuit

9-27-2002

Young v. Sch Dist Pennsauken
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential

Docket No. 01-4455

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Recommended Citation
"Young v. Sch Dist Pennsauken" (2002). 2002 Decisions. Paper 618.
http://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/thirdcircuit_2002/618

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                                                 NOT-PRECEDENTIAL

                 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                     FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

                          No. 01-4455

                         IDA D. YOUNG,

                                     Appellant

                                   v.

              PENNSAUKEN TOWNSHIP SCHOOL DISTRICT

    ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
                     DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY

                 (Dist. Court No. 99-cv-04878)
       District Court Judge: Stephen M. Orlofsky

           Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
                       September 13, 2002

Before: ALITO and FUENTES, Circuit Judges, and OBERDORFER, Senior District
                            Judge.

              (Opinion Filed: September 27, 2002)

                      OPINION OF THE COURT

PER CURIAM:
          Because we write for the benefit of the parties, the background of the
appeal is not set out.
          Dr. Ida D. Young, an African-American school teacher, filed claims of
sexual and racial discrimination and retaliatory action, in violation of Title VII of the
Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000e, et seq., 42 U.S.C. 1981, and the New
Jersey Law Against Discrimination, N.J.S.A. 10:5-1, et seq., after she was rejected for
promotion to a supervisory position by the Pennsauken Township School District (the
"District"). The District Court granted the District’s motion for summary judgment on all
counts. Dr. Young contests this order.
          Our review of a grant of summary judgment is de novo. Goosby v.
Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc., 228 F.3d 313, 318 (3d Cir. 2000). Summary judgment
is appropriate if there are no genuine issues of material fact, and the moving party is
entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Saldana v. Kmart Corp., 260 F.3d 228, 231-32
(3d Cir. 2001). We view all facts and draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the non-
moving party. Id. at 232. However, the party opposing summary judgment may not rely
on the allegations in her pleadings; instead, through "more than a scintilla" of evidence,
she must present "specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." Id.
          We reject Dr. Young’s argument that the District Court erred when it
granted the District’s motion for summary judgment on her employment discrimination
claims. Such failure-to-promote claims are analyzed under the well known burden-
shifting framework as set forth in McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792
(1973); Peper v. Princeton Univ. Bd. of Trustees, 77 N.J. 55, 82 (1978). The initial
burden is on the employee to establish a prima facie case, Jones v. Sch. Dist. of
Philadelphia, 198 F.3d 403, 410-11 (3d Cir. 1999), by showing that (1) she is a member
of a protected class, (2) she sought and was qualified for the promotion, (3) she was
rejected for the promotion, and (4) a non-member of the protected class was treated more
favorably. See also McDonnell Douglas, 411 U.S. at 802; Stewart v. Rutgers, 120 F.3d
426, 432 (3d Cir. 1997). A prima facie case entitles the employee to an inference of
discrimination. Texas Dept. of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 252-54
(1981). The burden is then on the employer to produce a "legitimate, non-discriminatory
reason for the employee’s rejection," id. at 253; Jones, 198 F.3d at 410, "by introducing
evidence which, taken as true, would permit the conclusion that there was a
nondiscriminatory reason for the unfavorable employment decision." Fuentes v. Perskie,
32 F.3d 759, 763 (3d Cir. 1994) (citing St. Mary’s Honor Center v. Hicks, 509 U.S. 502,
507 (1993)). If the employer produces a legitimate reason, the burden shifts back to the
employee, who must show that the reasons offered by the employer are mere pretexts for
discrimination. Burdine, 450 U.S. at 252-53; Jones, 198 F.3d at 410. Accordingly, the
employee may defeat a motion for summary judgment by identifying "some evidence,
direct or circumstantial, from which a factfinder would reasonably either (1) disbelieve
the employer’s articulated reasons; or (2) believe that an invidious discriminatory reason
was more likely than not a motivating or determinative cause of the employer’s action."
Fuentes, 32 F.3d at 764. Even though the burden of production may shift, "[t]he ultimate
burden of persuading the trier of fact that the defendant intentionally discriminated
against the plaintiff remains at all times with the plaintiff." Burdine, 450 U.S. at 253.
We have reviewed the record and conclude that Dr. Young has not put forth evidence
from which a trier of fact could conclude that the legitimate, nondiscriminatory reasons
provided by the Distict were mere pretexts for discrimination.
       We also reject Dr. Young’s argument that the District Court erred when it
granted the District’s motion for summary judgment on her claims for retaliation. These
claims are also analyzed under the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework. 411
U.S. at 802; Krouse v. American Sterilizer Co., 126 F.3d 494, 500-01 (3d Cir. 1997). In
order to establish a prima facie case of retaliation, an employee must show: "(1) protected
employee activity; (2) adverse action by the employer either after or contemporaneous
with the employee’s activity; and (3) a causal connection between the employee’s
connected activity and the employer’s adverse action." Krouse, 126 F.3d at 500. In the
event that the employee presents a prima facie case of retaliation, the burden then shifts
to the employer to put forth a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason for the adverse
employment action, though the employer need not prove that this was the actual reason
for the action. Id. at 500-01. "If the employer satisfies its burden, the plaintiff must be
able to convince the factfinder both that employer’s proffered explanation was false, and
that retaliation was the real reason for the adverse employment action." Id. at 501. In
order to survive an employer’s motion for summary judgment, the employee must submit
evidence which: "1) casts sufficient doubt upon each of the legitimate reasons proffered
by the defendant so that a factfinder could reasonably conclude that each reason was a
fabrication; or 2) allows the factfinder to infer that discrimination was more likely than
not a motivating or determinative cause of the adverse employment action." Fuentes, 32
F.3d at 762.   We have reviewed the record and conclude that the incidents cited by
Appellant do not amount to a prima facie case of retaliation. We conclude, furthermore,
that Dr. Young has not put forth evidence from which a trier of fact could conclude that
the legitimate, nondiscriminatory reasons provided by the District were mere pretexts for
retaliation.
            We have considered all of Appellant’s arguments and see no basis for
reversal.   The judgment of the District Court is, therefore, affirmed.

TO THE CLERK OF THE COURT:

Kindly file the foregoing Opinion.

                                     Circuit Judge