Court Opinion

ID: 2759780
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-12-11 17:06:55.406914+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:24:12.028813
License: Public Domain

[Cite as Culler v. Marc Glassman, Inc., 2014-Ohio-5434.]

                 Court of Appeals of Ohio
                                  EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                     COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

                                 JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
                                         No. 101386

                                         STEPHEN CULLER

                                                           PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT

                                                     vs.

                                 MARC GLASSMAN, INC., ET AL.

                                                           DEFENDANTS-APPELLEES

                                              JUDGMENT:
                                               AFFIRMED

                                       Civil Appeal from the
                              Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
                                     Case No. CV-14-820765

        BEFORE: Rocco, P.J., E.A. Gallagher, J., and Blackmon, J.

        RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: December 11, 2014
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLANT

Paul J. Kray
Timothy J. Murray
Paul J. Kray Attorney at Law, L.L.C.
111 Pearl Road
P.O. Box 839
Brunswick, Ohio 44212-0839

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES

For WMK, Inc.
Robert S. Yallech
Reminger Co., L.P.A.
11 Federal Plaza Central
Suite 300
Youngstown, Ohio 44503

William T. O’Connell
11 Martiner Avenue
Suite 750
White Plains, NY 10606

For EZ Lock, Inc.
Steven K. Kelley
Law Offices of Steven K. Kelley
6480 Rockside Woods Blvd., S.
Suite 145
Independence, Ohio 44131

For Marc Glassman, Inc.
John C. Meros
Schulman, Schulman & Meros
55 Public Square
Suite 1055
Cleveland, Ohio 44113

KENNETH A. ROCCO, P.J.:
       {¶1} In this case assigned to the accelerated calendar pursuant to App.R. 11.1 and

Loc.App.R. 11.1, plaintiff-appellant Stephen Culler appeals from the trial court orders that

dismissed his complaint against defendants-appellees WMK, Inc. and EZ Lock, Inc. This is one

of those lex dura sed lex (“the law is hard, but it is the law”) cases.

       {¶2} Culler presents one assignment of error. He argues that the trial court did not apply

its own electronic filing (“e-Filing”) rules when it determined that his complaint against

appellees was filed outside of the applicable statute of limitations.

       {¶3} Upon a review of the record in conjunction with the trial court’s e-Filing rules, this

court disagrees. Consequently, Culler’s assignment of error is overruled, and the trial court’s

orders are affirmed.

       {¶4} Facts gleaned from the record on appeal in this case indicate the following: (1)

Culler sustained personal injuries on January 9, 2012 when his wheelchair tipped over during his

visit to a store operated by Marc Glassman, Inc.; (2) on February 11, 2013, Culler filed a personal

injury action in the trial court against Marc Glassman, Inc.; and, (3) on December 6, 2013, Culler

dismissed that case without prejudice.

       {¶5} On January 24, 2014, Culler e-Filed the instant action, naming appellees as

defendants as well as Marc Glassman, Inc. In his complaint, Culler alleged that, in addition to

the negligence of Marc Glassman, Inc., appellees’ negligence also proximately caused his

injuries. Culler set forth in his complaint the date of the incident as “January 9, 2011.”1

       1 Nowhere   in either his original complaint or his subsequently amended
complaint did Culler state that the instant action had previously been filed within
the statute of limitations, then dismissed without prejudice.
         {¶6} After Marc Glassman, Inc. filed its answer to Culler’s complaint, appellees

separately filed Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motions to dismiss the action against them. Appellees argued

that, because Culler alleged his injury occurred on “January 9, 2011,” but his complaint was

e-Filed on January 24, 2014, Culler’s claims were barred by R.C. 2305.10(A), the applicable

statute of limitations.

         {¶7} Culler responded to appellees’ motions with, first, a motion for leave to file an

amended complaint. Culler asserted that his original complaint contained a typographical error

that set forth the date of his injuries as “January 9, 2011” when the actual date was January 9,

2012.2

         {¶8} Culler additionally filed a brief in opposition to appellees’ motions. Therein, he

asserted that “the Complaint in this matter was electronically filed on January 9, 2014, the final

day allowable by the statute of limitations in this matter.” Culler acknowledged, however, that,

on January 10, 2014, the Clerk of Courts had rejected the submission of his complaint.

         {¶9} Culler nevertheless asserted that, upon receiving “notice” of the rejection by the

Clerk of Courts, he resubmitted his complaint “within one business day.” Thus, he asserted, his

“corrective filing should be dated

January 9, 2014.”3 Culler attached to his brief as “Ex. A” a copy of a document generated by the

Clerk of Courts entitled “Filing Confirmation” that indicated that his case was a “Refiled Case”

that had been “submitted” to the clerk on “1/9/2014.”

         2See   fn. 1.

         3Culler
               did not file a request with the trial court to exercise its discretion to
“deem” his action recommenced as of January 9, 2014. This was the remedy
available to him. See First Amended Temporary Administrative Order Section
XII(B)(3), which states in pertinent part:
       {¶10}    On April 14, 2014, the trial court issued separate orders that granted each

appellee’s Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion to dismiss Culler’s complaint with prejudice. In spite of the

trial court’s ultimate decision to deem the date of Culler’s injury to have occurred on January 9,

2012,4 the trial court’s journal entries of dismissal state, in pertinent part, that, because Culler’s

“re-filed complaint was filed on January 24, 2014,” his complaint against appellees was filed

“after the expiration of the statute of limitations.” Culler, therefore, failed to state a cognizable

claim against appellees.

       {¶11} After the trial court added Civ.R. 54(B) language to the orders of dismissal, Culler

filed a motion in the trial court requesting the court to “reconsider” its orders of dismissal. He

attached to this motion his attorney’s affidavit. Therein, Culler’s attorney averred that “while

checking the status of the docket” of the case “on January 24, 2014,” he “realized” that the

complaint “had been rejected” by the Clerk for lack of a signature, but that he had “never

received notice from the Clerk” of that rejection.

       {¶12} Because the orders had become final with the inclusion of the Civ.R. 54(B)

certification, the trial court did not issue a decision on the foregoing motion. Culler thereafter

filed a timely appeal from the trial court’s orders of dismissal.

              (3) If a document submitted electronically for filing is not filed
       with the Court because of an error in the transmission of the document
       to the e-Filing System, whether that error originates with the e-Filing
       System or at the filer’s end, the Court may, upon satisfactory proof,
       enter an order permitting the document to be deemed filed as of the
       date it was electronically submitted.
       4Thetrial court granted Culler’s motion to amend his complaint to reflect the
actual date of the incident; his claim against Marc Glassman, Inc. apparently
remains pending.
        {¶13} Culler presents a single assignment of error, arguing that the trial court did not

apply its own rules on electronic filing when it dismissed pursuant to Civ.R. 12(B)(6) his

“corrected” complaint on statute of limitations grounds.5 Because Culler’s assignment of error

has no merit, it is overruled.

        {¶14} The Ohio Supreme Court has held that “a Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motion will lie to raise

the bar of the statute of limitations when the complaint shows on its face the bar of the statute.”

Mills v. Whitehouse, 40 Ohio St.2d 55, 58, 320 N.E.2d 668 (1974).

        {¶15} Contrary to Culler’s assertion in his appellate brief that “the Cuyahoga County

Common Pleas Court presented the Local Rule on electronic filing of the Eighth District Court of

Appeals as its own,” the trial court’s website instead indicates that the Court’s “Rules for

e-Filing” are set forth in the court’s First Amended Temporary Administrative Order (the

“TAO”), filed on October 4, 2013. In pertinent part, the TAO provides:

                I.   Application of the First Amended Temporary Administrative
        Order

                A. * * *

              Consistent with Ohio Sup.R. 27, Ohio Civ.R. 5(E), Ohio Civ.R. 11 * * *
        the Court and the Clerk hereby adopt the following First Amended Temporary
        Administrative Order governing electronic filing (“e-Filing”).

                ***

                II. Definition of Terms

                The following terms in this Order shall be defined as follows:

        5Culler’s
               assignment of error states: “The Trial Court erred in not applying
its presented rules on electronic filing of documents to Plaintiff-Appellant’s
corrective electronic filing when it dismissed the Complaint against
Defendant-Appellees for not being timely filed.”
                ***

       C. Clerk Review: A review of electronically filed documents by the Clerk of Courts in

accordance with court rules, policies, procedures and practice. The Clerk shall review the data

and documents electronically submitted to ensure compliance with court rules, policies,

procedures and practices before officially receiving the documents for filing and creating a

docket entry.

       ***

         I. Electronic Filing (e-Filing): The electronic transmission, acceptance, and processing
of a filing. * * *

       ***

       XI. Filing Date and Time of Electronically Filed Documents

       A. Documents may be submitted to the Clerk for e-Filing 24 hours a day, seven days a
week. * * *

       B. The e-Filing System is hereby appointed the agent of the Clerk for purposes of

electronic filing, receipt, service and retrieval of electronic documents.

       (1) Upon receipt of an electronic document submitted for filing, the e-Filing System shall

issue the e-Filer a confirmation that the submission has been received. The confirmation notice

shall include the date and time of receipt and shall serve as proof of receipt of the submission.

The confirmation notice shall also inform the e-Filer that, if the document is accepted for filing,

the date and time reflected in the confirmation notice shall serve as the date and time of filing * *

*.

       (2) An e-Filer will receive subsequent notification from the Clerk indicating that the

submission has been accepted or rejected by the Clerk’s office for docketing and filing into the

Court’s Case Management System.
       (3) If a document submitted for e-Filing has been accepted by the Clerk after Clerk

review, the document will receive an electronic stamp. The stamp will include the date and time

that the filer transmitted the document to the e-Filing System (i.e., date and time of receipt

outlined in section 1 above). * * * [T]he date and time reflected on the electronic stamp shall

become the filing date and time for that document.

       (4) In the event the Clerk rejects a submitted document following Clerk review, the

document shall not become part of the official Court record and the e-Filer will be required to

re-file the document to meet necessary filing requirements.

       ***

       XII. System or User Filing Errors

       A. User Filing Errors

       (1) A filer cannot make changes to any document once it has been submitted and
accepted for filing.

       ***

       (3) * * * [W]here the error consists of something other than a wrong case number or

corrupt file, the filer should, as soon as possible after the error is discovered, contact the Clerk’s

office and provide the case number and document number for which a correction is being

requested. The Clerk may then delete the document from the e-Filing System. The Clerk shall

immediately notify the filer of the error and the need to re-submit, if appropriate. The Clerk will

not delete the relevant document text, but annotate the docket with a Notice of Correction to

show the deletion, the reason for the deletion, and that the filer has been notified.               If

appropriate, the Clerk will make an entry indicating that the document was filed in error.
             (4) Once a document has been accepted for e-Filing by the Clerk, only a Judge can strike

      the document in the event it has been filed in error.

             B. Technical Failures

             ***

             (3) If a document submitted electronically for filing is not filed with the Court because of

      an error in the transmission of the document to the e-Filing System, whether that error originates

      with the e-Filing System or at the filer’s end, the Court may, upon satisfactory proof, enter an

      order permitting the document to be deemed filed as of the date it was electronically submitted.

      The Court may specify by local rule, or otherwise, a procedure for seeking relief under this

      provision. Counsel and parties should not assume that such relief is available on jurisdictional

      time limits (such as statutes of limitation or deadlines for appeal).

(Emphasis added.)

             {¶16} Clearly, the TAO makes a distinction between a party’s “submission” of a

      document and the Clerk’s “acceptance” of that document. It is a simple matter for the party to

      review the document on the Clerk’s website after it has been submitted to the Clerk. Had Culler

      done so, he would have noticed that his document lacked a signature.

             {¶17} The TAO places the general responsibility for accurate e-Filing upon the party.

      This is in accord with Civ.R. 3(A) and 5(E). It has long been the admonition that, “[r]egardless

      of appellant’s beliefs regarding * * * notice, a party, whether acting pro se or represented by

      counsel, has a ‘general duty to check the docket and * * * keep himself current regarding the

      status of the case.’” Holschuh v. Newcome, 11th Dist. Trumbull No. 2010-T-0129,

      2011-Ohio-6205, ¶ 20, quoting Thomas v. Target Stores, 11th Dist. Geauga No. 2009-G-2906,

      2010-Ohio-1158, at ¶ 21. See also Landspan Corp. v. Curtis, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 91664,
2008-Ohio-6292, ¶ 14. As this court observed in Hershbain v. Cleveland, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga

Nos. 60631 and 61121, 1992 Ohio App. LEXIS 2796 (June 4, 1992):

              * * * “no provision in Ohio law or rule of civil or appellate procedure
       requires that a party be given actual notice of the filing of a judgment entry.”
       American Corp. v. Misenko (1984), 10 Ohio St. 3d 132. (Emphasis added.) * * *
       Moreover, the validity of a judgment is not affected by a party’s failure to receive
       such notice. [Atkinson v. Grumman Ohio Corporation (1988), 37 Ohio St.3d 80,
       syllabus 2(c).]

       {¶18} At any event, if, as his attorney averred in his motion requesting the trial court to

“reconsider” its dismissal, Culler transmitted his complaint to the Clerk on January 9, 2014,

without a signature, the document required an addition. In context, the portion of the TAO that

requires the Clerk to give “immediate” notice to a party deals only with deletions from a

document, not additions to it.

       {¶19} Because the TAO contains a specific warning to parties that they “should not

assume that * * * relief is available on jurisdictional time limits” when the Clerk does not accept

an e-Filed submission, and because the face of Culler’s complaint demonstrated it was

time-barred, the trial court committed no error in granting appellees’ Civ.R. 12(B)(6) motions to

dismiss the complaint. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co. v. Asserud, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 13AP-359,

2014-Ohio-517, fn. 1; Kennedy v. Heckard, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 80234, 2002-Ohio-6805.

Culler’s assignment of error, accordingly, is overruled.

       {¶20} The trial court’s orders are affirmed.

       It is ordered that appellees recover from appellant costs herein taxed.

       The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       It is ordered that a special mandate be sent to said court to carry this judgment into

execution.
       A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the

Rules of Appellate Procedure.

__________________________________________
KENNETH A. ROCCO, PRESIDING JUDGE

EILEEN A. GALLAGHER, J., and
PATRICIA ANN BLACKMON, J., CONCUR