Court Opinion

ID: 4065873
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-09-29 22:17:24.773116+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:51:19.138073
License: Public Domain

Affirmed and Opinion Filed May 13, 2015.

                                        S   In The
                               Court of Appeals
                        Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                     No. 05-13-01391-CR

                             GERARDO PEDRAZA, Appellant
                                         V.
                             THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee

                     On Appeal from the Criminal District Court No. 2
                                  Dallas County, Texas
                          Trial Court Cause No. F-12-53082-I

                            MEMORANDUM OPINION
                          Before Justices Bridges, Francis, and Myers
                                  Opinion by Justice Bridges
       Gerardo Pedraza appeals his conviction for burglary of a habitation. A jury convicted

Pedraza, found an enhancement allegation to be true, and assessed his punishment at twenty-

seven years’ imprisonment and a $10,000 fine. In a single point of error, Pedraza argues he did

not respond to the enhancement allegations at trial as required and, thus, a new sentencing

hearing is required. We affirm the trial court’s judgment. Because all dispositive issues are

settled in law, we issue this memorandum opinion. TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(a), 47.4.

       On March 7, 2012, at 11:15 p.m., Dallas police officers responded to a call of a burglary

of a residence. At approximately the same time, two officers were patrolling in a marked squad

car the same area as the burglary and noticed a vehicle driving around with its trunk open and a

red air compressor hanging out of the trunk. The officers followed the vehicle to investigate.
After following the vehicle in a complete circle and determining the driver’s actions were

suspicious, the officers activated their overhead lights to initiate a traffic stop. The vehicle

stopped; however, before the officers could exit their squad car, the vehicle took off in an

attempt to elude the officers. Pursuant to Dallas police policy, the officers did not pursue the

suspects, but they did put out the vehicle’s description over the radio. Two other officers spotted

the suspect vehicle with Pedraza driving and followed it until it stopped. When Pedraza and his

accomplice saw the police, they fled on foot. Pedraza was apprehended after a short chase.

       Meanwhile, the complainant of the residential burglary gave the police a detailed

description of items missing from his home. The complainant also arrived at the scene of

Pedraza’s arrest and identified all of the property in the vehicle as his stolen items except for the

air compressor. Further, the watch Pedraza was wearing at the time of his arrest was an

expensive watch that had just been taken from the complainant’s home.

       On April 11, 2012, Pedraza was indicted for burglary of a habitation. A jury trial ensued

on September 30, 2013. Prior to entry of the jury, the indictment was read, and Pedraza’s

attorney interrupted before entry of Pedraza’s plea and asked the court to “admonish him one

more time.” The following discussion took place:

       THE COURT: All right. What’s the State’s best offer on this case?

       STATE ATTORNEY: The State’s offer today is going to be 7 years, Judge.

       THE COURT: All right. Mr. Pedraza, do you understand the range of punishment
       for this type offense – I don’t know if they can prove this burglary case. I can’t
       prove -- I don't know if they can prove you were the person that went in or you
       were the wheelman or the good-eye or what, but if they can prove one of those
       three things, then you could -- they could -- you could get convicted of this
       burglary of a habitation case. And the range of punishment for that type of offense
       is confinement from 2 years all the way up to 20 years, but they’ve got an
       enhancement paragraph alleged that says you had another burglary case back in
       -- you were convicted back in October of 2011. I don’t know if they can prove that

                                                –2–
           you had that conviction or not, but if they can, you’re looking at 5 years in the
           pen up to 99 years or life and a fine up to $10,000.
              Now, I don’t know about when you went to school, but I went to school a long
           time ago and 7 years was a lot less than 99.

           THE DEFENDANT: Yes, sir.

           THE COURT: But that was, you know, many years ago. Also, if you’ve got
           another conviction, it’s possible you could get stacked, which means the time on
           this case would start after that time stops. So I don't know if you want to go ahead
           and talk with [your attorney] about this some more or not, but I assume that, you
           know, when we’re done with this, 7 years goes away, and you’re looking at 5 to
           99.

(Emphasis added). The enhancement paragraph in the indictment alleged Pedraza was convicted

of the felony offense of Burglary of Habitation, in the 283rd Judicial District Court of Dallas

County, Texas, in cause number F09-72657, on the 19th day of October, 2011. While the

indictment and jury charge only included the October 2011 prior offense of burglary, during the

trial the State offered a stipulation of evidence that was signed by Pedraza and included prior

convictions for possession of cocaine and felony driving while intoxicated.1 The record shows

Pedraza did not object to the admission of the stipulation. The jury found Pedraza guilty of

burglary of a habitation and assessed his punishment at twenty-seven years’ imprisonment and a

$10,000 fine.

           Here, after reading the verdict, the court asked the State to read the rest of the indictment.

The State read the enhancement paragraph as follows:

           MR. TAYLOR: This is the -- this is a separate paragraph. And it is further
           presented to said Court, that prior to the commission of the offense or offenses set
           out above, the defendant was finally convicted of a felony offense of burglary of a
           habitation in the 283rd Judicial District Court in Dallas County, Texas, in Cause
           Number F09-72657, on the 19th day of October, 2011. Against the peace and
           dignity of the State. Signed, Craig Watkins, Criminal District Attorney of Dallas
           County. And signed, Foreman of the Grand Jury.
     1
        The record shows appellant’s possession of cocaine conviction resulted in a sentence of 180 days’ confinement, his DWI third conviction
resulted in a sentence of four years’ confinement, and his burglary of a habitation conviction resulted in a sentence of four years’ confinement.

                                                                     –3–
The court asked Pedraza how he pled. Pedraza’s attorney answered, “True.” The jury then left

the courtroom while Pedraza’s attorney made some objections. After overruling the objections,

the court asked, “Do you still want to plead true?” to which the attorney replied, “Yes, sir.” Then

Pedraza’s attorney asked Pedraza, “It is true, isn’t it? It’s your prior conviction, right?” to which

Pedraza replied, “uh-huh.”

          If prior convictions are alleged by the State for punishment-enhancement purposes, the

proper procedure is for the trial court to ask the accused to enter a formal plea to those

allegations during the punishment phase of the trial. TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art.

36.01(a)(1) (West 2007). The code of criminal procedure provides that, when prior convictions

are alleged for purposes of enhancement only and are not jurisdictional, that portion of the

indictment or information reciting such convictions shall not be read until the hearing on

punishment is held. Id.; Jones v. State, 111 S.W.3d 600, 610 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2003, pet.

ref’d).

          Appellant was not required to personally enter the plea to the enhancement allegation.

Tindel v. State, 830 S.W.2d 135, 137 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992). In Tindel, appellant was present in

open court when the State read the enhancement allegation and the trial court asked for the plea.

Id. The court held appellant’s attorney had authority to act on appellant’s behalf and respond to

the inquiries by the court. Id. The court pointed out that, when the proceedings later resumed and

the trial court noted that appellant had pled “true” to the enhancement, no objection was made.

Id. Under these circumstances, the court concluded the record was sufficient to show appellant

pled “true” to the enhancement allegation. Id. Similarly, we conclude the record in this case

shows appellant pled “true” to the enhancement allegation when his attorney answered “true.”

See id.

                                                –4–
       Having considered the record, we conclude it shows Pedraza entered a plea of true to the

enhancement allegations. The only time Pedraza voiced any concern during the taking of the plea

to the enhancement paragraph came when the trial court admonished him on the enhanced

punishment range. After additional explanation, Pedraza stated he understood. Consequently, the

record does not support his complaint. We overrule Pedraza’s sole issue.

       We affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                     /David L. Bridges/
                                                     DAVID L. BRIDGES
                                                     JUSTICE
DO NOT PUBLISH
TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b).
131391P.U05

                                               –5–
                                      S
                             Court of Appeals
                      Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                     JUDGMENT

GERARDO PEDRAZA, Appellant                        On Appeal from the Criminal District Court
                                                  No. 2, Dallas County, Texas
No. 05-13-01391-CR       V.                       Trial Court Cause No. F-12-53082-I.
                                                  Opinion delivered by Justice Bridges.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee                      Justices Francis and Myers participating.

      Based on the Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is AFFIRMED.

Judgment entered May 13, 2015.

                                            –6–