Court Opinion

ID: 4532928
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-05-08 14:13:55.034462+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:31:11.135470
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-0102-19T1

HILTON GARDENS, LLC,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

ANNA UJHELYOVA,

     Defendant-Appellant.
_________________________

                    Submitted April 22, 2020 – Decided May 8, 2020

                    Before Judges Fuentes and Haas.

                    On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                    Division, Union County, Docket No. LT-003850-19.

                    Brian T. Kernan, attorney for appellant.

                    Jeffrey J. Chornoboy, attorney for respondent.

PER CURIAM

          In this residential tenancy action, defendant Anna Ujhelyova appeals from

the September 4, 2019 Special Civil Part order enforcing the terms of a

settlement agreement defendant previously reached with her landlord, plaintiff
Hilton Gardens, LLC.      The order required defendant to vacate her current

apartment and move to a new one within two weeks, or pay the rent on both

units if she failed to do so. Because the court exceeded its jurisdiction under the

Anti-Eviction Act, N.J.S.A. 2A:18-61.1 to -61.12, by granting plaintiff this

equitable relief, we reverse.

      The facts are straightforward and not in dispute. Defendant lived in

Apartment A4 in plaintiff's building. The monthly rent was $1025.

      On May 28, 2019, plaintiff filed a summary dispossess action against

defendant for non-payment of rent. In response, defendant raised a Marini1

defense, and paid $2653.25 into the court's escrow account. The court scheduled

the trial for June 27, 2019.

      On that date, defendant appeared with counsel and the parties negotiated

a settlement. Defendant agreed to relocate to Apartment C7 on July 10, 2019,

after plaintiff finished painting it. The monthly rent for this unit was $1350.

The parties also agreed that $2101.25 of the escrow funds would be paid to

1
  Marini v. Ireland, 56 N.J. 130 (1970) (holding that the breach of an implied
warranty of habitability or covenant to repair may be used by a tenant as a
defense in an eviction action based upon non-payment of rent where defects
have been asserted as a basis for withholding of rental payments). Here,
defendant claimed she was withholding rent because plaintiff failed to address
a mold problem in the apartment.
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plaintiff, with the remaining $552 being returned to defendant. The judge

reviewed the terms of the agreement on the record with defendant, and

concluded that she understood them and was voluntarily resolving the matter.

      The judge marked the matter as "settled." Thereafter, the parties did not

enter into a lease for Apartment C7.

      Defendant did not move into Apartment C7 on July 10. Instead, she left

a voicemail for plaintiff stating she could not afford the higher rent for that unit

and, therefore, would be staying in Apartment A4. Defendant paid plaintiff the

$1025 rent for Apartment A4, but plaintiff returned it to her. Plaintiff alleged

that it was holding Apartment C7 for defendant, and was therefore precluded

from renting it even though it had received multiple inquiries from prospective

tenants concerning the unit.

      Rather than instituting a new action for breach of contract in the Special

Civil Part or the Law Division, plaintiff filed a motion to enforce the settlement

agreement in the underlying summary dispossess action. Plaintiff sought an

order requiring specific enforcement of the agreement, and money damages if

defendant continued to refuse to vacate Apartment A4. Defendant opposed the

motion, and argued that the court lacked jurisdiction to evict her from her

apartment for violating the settlement agreement.

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                                         3
      After conducting oral argument, the court granted plaintiff's motion for

specific performance. The court found that defendant had voluntarily agreed to

move to the new apartment, and her "buyer's remorse" did not excuse her from

complying with the agreement.       The court ordered defendant to move to

Apartment C7 within two weeks and, if she failed to do so, she would be required

to pay the rent on both units retroactive to July 1, 2019. This appeal followed.

      On appeal, defendant argues that the Special Civil Part lacked jurisdiction

to compel her to vacate her apartment as a sanction for violating the settlement

agreement. We agree.

      A summary dispossess proceeding is a creature of statute, designed as an

expeditious alternative to an ejectment action under the common law. Hous.

Auth. of Morristown v. Little, 135 N.J. 274, 280 (1994). "Possession of the

premises is the only available remedy for nonpayment of rent, because money

damages may not be awarded in a summary dispossess action." Hodges v. Sasil

Corp., 189 N.J. 210, 221 (2007). Possession can only be granted if the landlord

is entitled to possession based on one of the enumerated statutory grounds.

Little, 135 N.J. at 281 (citing Levine v. Seidel, 128 N.J. Super. 225, 229 (App.

Div. 1974)).

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                                       4
      A trial court reviewing a summary dispossess action lacks general

equitable jurisdiction. Benjoray, Inc. v. Acad. House Child Dev. Ctr., 437 N.J.

Super. 481, 488 (App. Div. 2014) (citing WG Assocs. v. Estate of Roman, 332

N.J. Super. 555, 563 (App. Div. 2000)).        "[W]hile such a court 'may hear

equitable defenses and entertain equitable concepts, it is beyond the power of

that court to grant . . . equitable relief . . . as may appear just and appropriate

under the circumstances presented.'" Carr v. Johnson, 211 N.J. Super. 341, 347

(App. Div. 1986) (quoting Morrocco v. Felton, 112 N.J. Super. 226, 230-31

(Law Div. 1970)). "The equitable jurisdiction of the Special Civil Part in a

summary dispossess action is limited to matters of defense or avoidance asserted

by the tenant." Chau v. Cardillo, 250 N.J. Super. 378, 385 (App. Div. 1990).

      Applying these principles here, the trial court could only require defendant

to leave Apartment A4 if plaintiff was able to establish "one of the enumerated

statutory 'good causes' in the Anti-Eviction Act." Cmty. Realty Mgmt. v. Harris,

Inc., 155 N.J. 212, 239 (1998). Plaintiff failed to do so. Defendant offered to

pay the rent on Apartment A4, and was not in default on any of the other terms

of her lease. Her failure to abide by the terms of a separate settlement agreement

is simply not one of the "good causes" listed in the Act that permit removing a

tenant.

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                                        5
         Thus, the court did not have the authority to order defendant to move from

her apartment for violating the settlement agreement, or the power to direct her

to pay monetary damages to plaintiff if she did not. 2 Because the court lacked

jurisdiction to order the equitable relief it granted plaintiff in this summary

dispossess proceeding, we are constrained to reverse the September 4, 2019

order.

         Reversed.

2
  If plaintiff wished to pursue these remedies, it should have instituted a breach
of contract action in a new proceeding in the Special Civil Part or the Law
Division.
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