Court Opinion

ID: 5122017
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-10-29 14:06:11.431949+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:22:25.753720
License: Public Domain

RENDERED: OCTOBER 22, 2021; 10:00 A.M.
                       NOT TO BE PUBLISHED

                Commonwealth of Kentucky
                          Court of Appeals

                             NO. 2020-CA-0416-MR

SHIRLEY THORNHILL, BY AND
THROUGH STEPHEN D.
THORNHILL, ATTORNEY-IN-FACT                                         APPELLANT

                 APPEAL FROM MEADE CIRCUIT COURT
v.              HONORABLE KENNETH H. GOFF, II, JUDGE
                       ACTION NO. 18-CI-00219

ESTATE OF BRIAN LYNN BUTLER,
BY AND THROUGH JIMMY D.
BUTLER, EXECUTOR; AND ESTATE
OF VIRGINIA DOUGLAS MILBURN
CLAYCOMB, BY AND THROUGH
RUTH G. BUTLER, EXECUTRIX                                           APPELLEES

                                   OPINION
                                  AFFIRMING

                                 ** ** ** ** **

BEFORE: ACREE, McNEILL, AND L. THOMPSON, JUDGES.

McNEILL, JUDGE: Shirley Thornhill (“Thornhill”) appeals from a Meade Circuit

Court declaratory judgment in favor of appellees, Estate of Brian Lynn Butler and
Estate of Virginia Douglas Milburn Claycomb. For the following reasons, we

affirm.

            This is a will contest case concerning the rights of beneficiaries under

the will of Virginia Douglas Milburn Claycomb (“Claycomb”), who died March

22, 2018. Claycomb’s will was executed on January 22, 2010. Items V and VI of

Claycomb’s will provide:

                                      Item V

            I give, devise, and bequeath unto my grandson, Brian
            Lynn Butler, the option to purchase my 255 acre home
            place farm located at 200 Claycomb Road, Guston, Ky,
            40142, for the sum of Two Hundred and Fifty Thousand
            ($250,000.00) Dollars, and I further state that he shall
            have Twelve (12) months from the date of my death to
            notify my personal representative of his intentions to
            exercise this option. If he agrees to purchase the
            property, the net proceeds shall be distributed equally in
            accordance with Item VI of this my Last Will and
            Testament. In the event, he does not exercise this option,
            then I direct my personal representative to sell and
            convey said home place farm as stated and under the
            same distributive conditions of Item VI of this my Last
            Will and Testament.

                                     Item VI

            All the rest and residue of my estate, whether real, mixed
            or personal, wherever situated, I give, devise, and
            bequeath unto my beloved daughters, namely Shirley
            Claycomb Thornhill, Ruth Gail Claycomb Butler, and
            Shirley Gail Claycomb[.]

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             At the time of Claycomb’s death, Brian Lynn Butler (“Butler”), was

severely ill and hospitalized. On May 12, 2018, Butler died. On June 12, 2018,

Claycomb’s will was probated and Butler’s mother, Ruth Gail Butler, was

appointed the executrix of Claycomb’s estate. Butler’s father, Jimmy Butler, was

appointed administrator of Butler’s estate on June 19, 2018.

             On that same day, Thornhill, a beneficiary under Claycomb’s will,

filed a petition for declaration of rights in the Meade Circuit Court alleging Butler

failed to exercise the option prior to his death and asserting her interest in the real

property. A bench trial was held on September 9, 2019. At trial, Ruth Gail Butler

testified that on April 9, 2018, while Butler was in the hospital, he expressed to her

his intent to purchase the farm and finance the purchase. She understood Butler to

be exercising the option in Claycomb’s will. She further testified that she and

Butler spoke about his intent to purchase the farm several times. At the time of

these conversations, Ruth Gail Butler had not yet been appointed the executrix of

Claycomb’s estate.

             Following trial, the circuit court entered findings of fact, conclusions

of law, and a declaratory judgment in favor of the Estate of Brian Lynn Butler and

the Estate of Virginia Douglas Milburn Claycomb. The court found Butler had

properly exercised the option by notifying Claycomb’s personal representative,

Ruth Gail Butler, of his intent to purchase the farm within twelve months of

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Claycomb’s death. Although Ruth Gail Butler was not Claybomb’s personal

representative at the time of the notice, the court held that once she was appointed

executrix her authority related back, because accepting Butler’s notification of his

intent to exercise the option was an act within the scope of her authority as

executrix, citing Allison v. Cocke’s Executors, 106 Ky. 763, 51 S.W. 593, 21 Ky.

L. Rptr. 434 (1899) and Carter’s Executors v. Carter, 49 Ky. 327, 10 (B. Mon.)

327, 1850 WL 3573 (1850). This appeal followed.

             We review the construction of a will de novo. Hammons v.

Hammons, 327 S.W.3d 444, 448 (Ky. 2010). However, findings of fact made by

the trial court shall not be set aside unless clearly erroneous, and due regard shall

be given to the opportunity of the trial court to judge the credibility of witnesses.

Kentucky Rules of Civil Procedure (“CR”) 52.01. Findings of fact are not clearly

erroneous if supported by substantial evidence. Hoskins v. Beatty, 343 S.W.3d

639, 641 (Ky. App. 2011) (citation omitted).

             “The ‘polar star rule’ of wills construction provides that the intention

of the testator, if not contrary to the law, controls.” Hammons, 327 S.W.3d at 448

(citation omitted). “Thus, a court’s primary duty is to ascertain and give effect to

the testator’s intent.” Id. “To ascertain the testator’s intention, it is necessary to

first examine the language of the instrument. If the language used is a reasonably

                                           -4-
clear expression of intent, then the inquiry need go no further.” Clarke v. Kirk, 795

S.W.2d 936, 938 (Ky. 1990) (citation omitted).

              Thornhill argues the trial court erred in allowing extrinsic evidence as

to Claycomb’s intent without finding the will ambiguous. At trial, the court

allowed testimony concerning an agreement between Claycomb and Butler which

allowed Butler to farm Claycomb’s land. However, this evidence was irrelevant to

the trial court’s findings concerning Claycomb’s intent, which were based upon the

language of the contract alone. Therefore, we find no error.

              Pursuant to the will, Butler had the option of purchasing the farm for

$250,000.00 if he notified Claycomb’s personal representative “of his intentions to

exercise th[e] option” within twelve months of Claycomb’s death. In its findings

of fact, the trial court held

              [i]t is obvious from the language set forth in Virginia’s
              Will that Virginia wanted Brian to have an opportunity to
              purchase the farm for $250,000.00. There is
              uncontradicted evidence that Brian exercised his option
              when he advised the Executrix of Virginia Claycomb’s
              Estate that he intended to exercise his option.

We agree with the trial court’s construction of the will. And its finding that Butler

notified Claycomb’s representative of his intention to exercise the option is

supported by substantial evidence.

              Next, Thornhill contends the option was personal to Butler and cannot

be exercised by his estate. She argues that since Butler “failed to fully exercise the

                                          -5-
option,” it terminated upon his death. It appears Thornhill is arguing that since the

purchase was not finalized in Butler’s lifetime, his estate cannot now complete the

purchase. However, “[t]he ‘exercise’ of an option is merely the election of the

optionee to purchase the property. By the use of the word ‘accept’ in a particular

option contract, the parties mean the same as ‘exercising’ the option.” 92 C.J.S.

Vendor and Purchaser § 171 (2020) (footnotes omitted).

             The general rule is that “an option must be accepted according to its

terms[.]” Phelps v. Gover, 394 S.W.2d 927, 928 (Ky. 1965). Therefore, we look

to the language of the will to determine what was required to exercise the option.

The will provides that Butler “shall have Twelve (12) months from the date of my

death to notify my personal representative of his intentions to exercise this option.”

             “Where there is no ambiguity, a written instrument is to be strictly

enforced according to its terms which are to be interpreted ‘by assigning language

its ordinary meaning and without resort to extrinsic evidence.’” Allen v. Lawyers

Mut. Ins. Co. of Kentucky, 216 S.W.3d 657, 659 (Ky. App. 2007) (citing Island

Creek Coal Co. v. Wells, 113 S.W.3d 100, 104 (Ky. 2003)). The language of the

will is clear and unambiguous. To exercise the option, Butler only had to notify

Claycomb’s personal representative of his intentions to do so within twelve months

of her death. The will says nothing about payment. “Where an option contract

does not provide for payment of the purchase price at the time of an optionee’s

                                         -6-
exercise or where such contract is silent as to the time of payment, the general rule

is that payment is not a necessary requisite to exercise.” 49 AM. JUR. 2d Landlord

and Tenant § 336 (2020) (footnote omitted).

             Once Butler accepted the option, the parties had a binding contract.

Carter v. Frakes, 303 Ky. 244, 197 S.W.2d 436, 438 (1946). “The representative

of a decedent who had a contract to purchase land has both a right and a duty to

pay the purchase money and enforce the contract.” 31 AM. JUR. 2D Executors and

Administrators § 527 (2021).

             For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Meade Circuit Court is

affirmed.

             ALL CONCUR.

BRIEFS FOR APPELLANT:                      BRIEF FOR APPELLEE:

Stephen G. Hopkins                         Alec Stone
Hardinsburg, Kentucky                      Brandenburg, Kentucky

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