Court Opinion

ID: 3182953
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-03-04 22:27:02.673629+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:08:18.304223
License: Public Domain

J-S20036-16

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,                    IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                       PENNSYLVANIA
                            Appellee

                       v.

JOHN ROSCOE SHIPLEY,

                            Appellant                No. 1390 WDA 2015

                    Appeal from the Order August 28, 2015
               in the Court of Common Pleas of Cambria County
               Criminal Division at No.: CP-11-CR-0002077-2010

BEFORE: PANELLA, J., OLSON, J., and PLATT, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY PLATT, J.:                          FILED MARCH 04, 2016

        Appellant, John Roscoe Shipley, appeals pro se from the order of

August 28, 2015, denying his motion for time credit.        For the reasons

discussed below, we affirm.1

        On July 7, 2011, following trial, a jury found Appellant guilty of

burglary, criminal trespass, driving under the influence, loitering and

prowling at nighttime, and criminal mischief.     On July 21, 2011, the trial

court sentenced Appellant to an aggregate term of incarceration of not less
____________________________________________

*
    Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
1
  This Court may affirm for any reason, including reasons that are different
from those of the trial court. See Commonwealth v. Hernandez, 886
A.2d 231, 240 (Pa. Super. 2005), appeal denied, 889 A.2d 1122 (Pa. 2006).
J-S20036-16

than seven and three-quarters nor more than fifteen and one-half years, to

be followed by a consecutive term of six months’ probation.     On April 18,

2012, this Court affirmed the judgment of sentence. (See Commonwealth

v. Shipley, No. 1311 WDA 2011, unpublished memorandum at *1-3 (Pa.

Super. filed April 18, 2012)). On March 6, 2013, the Pennsylvania Supreme

Court denied leave to appeal. (See Commonwealth v. Shipley, 63 A.3d
777 (Pa. 2014)).

      On March 21, 2013, Appellant filed a timely pro se first petition

pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-

9546. Following appointment of counsel, the PCRA court held a hearing on

August 21, 2013.     On September 25, 2013, the court denied the PCRA

petition.   On August 26, 2014, this Court affirmed the dismissal of the

petition.    (See Commonwealth v. Shipley, No. 1650 WDA 2013,

unpublished memorandum at *1-8 (Pa. Super. filed August 26, 2014)).

Appellant did not seek leave to appeal to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court

      On August 19, 2015, Appellant filed the instant motion for time credit.

The trial court denied the motion, on the merits, on August 28, 2015.

Appellant subsequently filed a timely pro se notice of appeal.    The PCRA

court ordered Appellant to file a concise statement of errors complained of

on appeal. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). On September 28, 2015, Appellant filed

a timely Rule 1925(b) statement. On September 29, 2015, the trial court

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issued an opinion adopting its August 28, 2015 order.             See Pa.R.A.P.

1925(a).

      On appeal, Appellant raises two questions for our review:

             1. Was the trial court in error for not [crediting Appellant’s]
      full time spent in county jail under [the trial] court’s sentence[?]

            2. Was trial court in error for multiple sentencing[] under
      [the] same offense[?]

(Appellant’s Brief, at unnumbered page 4).

      Initially, we conclude that the trial court should have treated

Appellant’s motion for time credit as a PCRA petition. Pennsylvania courts

have consistently held that, so long as it falls within the ambit of the PCRA,

any petition filed after the judgment of sentence is final is to be treated as a

PCRA petition.   See Commonwealth v. Fowler, 930 A.2d 586, 591 (Pa.

Super. 2007) (noting cases), appeal denied, 944 A.2d 756 (Pa. 2008). To

the extent it can be determined from Appellant’s pleadings, he appears to

allege that the trial court failed to award him credit for time served and

illegally imposed multiple punishments for a single offense. (See Appellant’s

Brief, at unnumbered pages 6-7).

      It is settled that challenges to the legality of sentence and to the trial

court’s failure to award credit for time served as required by the law, are

cognizable under the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Wyatt, 115 A.3d 876,

879 (Pa. Super. 2015); Fowler, supra at 592-93.                 Thus, we treat

Appellant’s filing as a second serial PCRA petition.

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      Appellant appeals from the denial of his PCRA petition. To be eligible

for relief pursuant to the PCRA, Appellant must establish that his conviction

or sentence resulted from one or more of the enumerated errors or defects

found in 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(2). He must also establish that the issues

raised in the PCRA petition have not been previously litigated or waived.

See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(3).        An allegation of error “is waived if the

petitioner could have raised it but failed to do so before trial, at trial, during

unitary review, on appeal or in a prior state postconviction proceeding.” 42

Pa.C.S.A. § 9544(b).      Our standard of review for an order denying PCRA

relief is well settled:

            This Court’s standard of review regarding a PCRA court’s
      order is whether the determination of the PCRA court is
      supported by the evidence of record and is free of legal error.
      Great deference is granted to the findings of the PCRA court, and
      these findings will not be disturbed unless they have no support
      in the certified record.

Commonwealth v. Carter, 21 A.3d 680, 682 (Pa. Super. 2011) (citations

and quotation marks omitted). However, “if a PCRA [p]etition is untimely, a

trial court has no jurisdiction to entertain the petition.” Commonwealth v.

Hutchins, 760 A.2d 50, 53 (Pa. Super. 2000) (citations omitted).

      Here, Appellant filed his second PCRA petition on August 19, 2015.

The PCRA provides that “[a]ny petition under this subchapter, including a

second or subsequent petition, shall be filed within one year of the date the

judgment becomes final[.]”        42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1).        A judgment

becomes final for PCRA purposes “at the conclusion of direct review,

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including discretionary review in the Supreme Court of the United States and

the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of time for seeking

the review.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3).

      In the instant matter, Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final

on June 4, 2013, ninety days after the Pennsylvania Supreme Court denied

leave to appeal and Appellant did not file a petition for a writ of certiorari

with the United States Supreme Court.       See U.S.Sup.Ct.R. 13. Because

Appellant did not file his petition until August 15, 2015, the petition is

facially untimely. Thus, to obtain PCRA relief, he must plead and prove that

his claim falls under one of the statutory exceptions to the one-year time bar

provided at section 9545(b). See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii).

      Section 9545 provides that the court can still consider an untimely

petition where the petitioner successfully pleads and proves that:

            (i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result
      of interference by government officials with the presentation of
      the claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this
      Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States;

            (ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were
      unknown to the petitioner and could not have been ascertained
      by the exercise of due diligence; or

            (iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was
      recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or the
      Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in
      this section and has been held by that court to apply
      retroactively.

Id.

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      Further, a petitioner who wishes to invoke any of the above exceptions

must file the petition “within 60 days of the date the claim could have been

presented.”   Id. at § 9545(b)(2).    The Pennsylvania Supreme Court has

repeatedly stated that it is an appellant’s burden to plead and prove that one

of the above-enumerated exceptions applies.     See, e.g., Commonwealth

v. Abu-Jamal, 941 A.2d 1263, 1268 (Pa. 2008), cert. denied, 555 U.S. 916

(2008).

      Here, Appellant does not invoke any of the statutory exceptions, but

may be arguing that we should consider his petition timely because he

challenges the legality of his sentence and such a challenge can never be

waived. (See Appellant’s Reply Brief, Reply to Statement of Argument from

Appellee, at 1). However, in Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214 (Pa.

1999), the Pennsylvania Supreme Court rejected this contention. The Fahy

Court stated, “[a]lthough legality of sentence is always subject to review

within the PCRA, claims must still first satisfy the PCRA’s time limits or one

of the exceptions thereto.” Id. at 223 (citation omitted). Appellant cannot

avoid the PCRA timeliness requirements based on a claim on an illegal

sentence. See id.

      Thus, because the record demonstrates that Appellant’s PCRA petition

is untimely with none of the statutory exceptions to the time bar proven, we

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affirm the order of the trial court dismissing Appellant’s second PCRA

petition.2

       Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 3/4/2016

____________________________________________

2
  In an abundance of caution, we note that, to the extent that Appellant may
be claiming that the Department of Corrections is improperly calculating his
credit for time served, (see Appellant’s Brief, Statement of Argument, at 1-
4), such a claim must be brought as an original action in the Commonwealth
Court, not the Court of Common Pleas or this Court. See Wyatt, supra at
879.

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