Court Opinion

ID: 4440765
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-09-23 20:00:33.427092+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:54:28.162909
License: Public Domain

FILED
                             NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                            SEP 20 2019
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                             FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

WALFRED ROLANDO LOPEZ LOPEZ,                     No.   16-71409
AKA Walfred Lopez, AKA Julio Varias-
Salazar,                                         Agency No. A205-528-124

              Petitioner,
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
 v.

WILLIAM P. BARR, Attorney General,

              Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                            Submitted September 9, 2019**
                                Pasadena, California

Before: RAWLINSON, BENNETT, and BADE, Circuit Judges.

      Walfred Rolando Lopez Lopez (Lopez), a native and citizen of Guatemala,

petitions for review of the decision of the Board of Immigration Appeals (Board)

dismissing the appeal of the denials of his requests for withholding of removal and

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
relief under the Convention Against Torture (CAT). We have jurisdiction under 8

U.S.C. § 1252, and review the Board’s factual findings for substantial evidence.

See Lai v. Holder, 773 F.3d 966, 970 (9th Cir. 2014), as amended. We deny the

petition.

       1.    A petitioner may demonstrate eligibility for withholding of removal

by: (1) establishing past persecution on a protected ground, or (2) demonstrating

“that it is more likely than not that he would be subject to” future persecution on a

protected ground. Viridiana v. Holder, 646 F.3d 1230, 1239 (9th Cir. 2011)

(citation omitted). A petitioner may establish an objectively reasonable fear of

future persecution if: (1) a reasonable possibility exists that he will suffer an

individualized risk of persecution, or (2) a pattern or practice of persecution exists

against the protected group to which he belongs. See Wakkary v. Holder, 558 F.3d

1049, 1060 (9th Cir. 2009). The government, or forces the government is

unwilling or unable to control, must inflict the persecution. See id. at 1061.

       Substantial evidence supports the Board’s conclusion that Lopez failed to

meet this standard. Lopez testified that he suffered physical abuse, harassment,

and discrimination from classmates in lower school and college, but this treatment

did not rise to the level of persecution. See Rusak v. Holder, 734 F.3d 894, 896

(9th Cir. 2013) (describing persecution as “an extreme concept” not met by ill

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treatment from classmates and teachers). Similarly, Lopez failed to establish that

he would more likely than not suffer individual persecution, or a systemic pattern

or practice of persecution by the government, or forces the government is

unwilling or unable to control, exists against his asserted protected group. See

Wakkary, 558 F.3d at 1060-61.

      2.       Substantial evidence also supports denial of the CAT claim. For CAT

relief, a petitioner must establish that he will more likely than not be tortured if

removed. See Garcia-Milian v. Holder, 755 F.3d 1026, 1033 (9th Cir. 2014), as

amended. Lopez relied on the same testimony of physical abuse, humiliation, and

discrimination to support his CAT claim. These allegations did not rise to the level

of torture. See id. (noting that torture is an “extreme form of cruel and inhuman

treatment”).

      3.       To the extent Lopez’s equal protection claim was exhausted, it fails on

the merits. The immigration judge and the Board treated him no differently than

similarly situated individuals. See Lopez v. Sessions, 901 F.3d 1071, 1078 (9th Cir.

2018).

      4.       Finally, assuming without deciding that Lopez exhausted his claim

that the Board misidentified his asserted social groups, Lopez failed to establish

that his asserted social group of “indigent, indigenous individual[s] with a visible

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disability” was sufficiently particular and socially distinct in Guatemalan society.

See Reyes v. Lynch, 842 F.3d 1125, 1135-36 (9th Cir. 2016).

      PETITION DENIED.

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