Court Opinion

ID: 3167670
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-01-06 22:00:47.836185+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:00:29.141775
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION

                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                         FILED
                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT                           JAN 06 2016

                                                                        MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

FIDEL BENITEZ,                                   No. 13-72561

              Petitioner,                        Agency No. A093-468-262

 v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
LORETTA E. LYNCH, Attorney General,

              Respondent.

FIDEL BENITEZ, AKA Fidel Benitez-                No. 14-74015
Lopez, AKA Fidel Lopez, AKA Fidel B.
Lopez, AKA Fidel Lopez-Benitez,                  Agency No. A093-468-262

              Petitioner,

 v.

LORETTA E. LYNCH, Attorney General,

              Respondent.

                      On Petitions for Review of Orders of the
                          Board of Immigration Appeals

        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
                            Submitted January 4, 2016**
                               Pasadena, California

Before: M. SMITH, WATFORD, and FRIEDLAND, Circuit Judges.

      Fidel Benitez petitions for review of a decision by the Board of Immigration

Appeals (BIA) affirming the Immigration Judge’s (IJ) denial of his applications for

cancellation of removal, relief under the Convention Against Torture (CAT),

asylum, and withholding of removal. He brings a separate petition for review of the

BIA’s denial of his untimely motion to reopen based on ineffective assistance of

counsel and changed country conditions. We deny both petitions.

1.    We do not have jurisdiction to review Benitez’s claim for cancellation of

removal. The IJ denied Benitez’s petition for discretionary cancellation of removal

on two grounds. The IJ first ruled that Benitez’s third conviction for driving under

the influence of alcohol was a crime involving moral turpitude. The IJ additionally

concluded that Benitez “was not successful in meeting his burden of establishing

good moral character” due to his repeated DUI offenses. The BIA affirmed,

agreeing with the IJ that Benitez’s repeated offenses “indicate[] a lack of good

moral character,” and declined to reach the issue of whether he had been convicted

for a crime involving moral turpitude.

        **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

                                          2
      Where the BIA explicitly adopts only one of the grounds relied upon by the

IJ, our review is limited to the ground adopted by the BIA. Gil v. Holder, 651 F.3d
1000, 1006 (9th Cir. 2011), abrogated on other grounds by Moncrieffe v. Holder,

133 S. Ct. 1678 (2013). Thus, like the BIA, we do not reach whether Benitez’s

conviction constituted a crime involving moral turpitude. The BIA’s affirmance of

the denial of cancellation of removal is based on the IJ’s finding that Benitez

lacked good moral character, a decision that we do not have jurisdiction to review.

See 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(B)(i); Lopez-Castellanos v. Gonzales, 437 F.3d 848, 854

(9th Cir. 2006).

2.    The BIA properly affirmed the denial of Benitez’s claim for CAT relief.

Generalized evidence of violence and crime in Mexico that is not particular to

Benitez is insufficient to meet the standard that he is more likely than not to be

tortured. See Delgado-Ortiz v. Holder, 600 F.3d 1148, 1152 (9th Cir. 2010) (per

curiam).

3.    The BIA properly affirmed the denial of Benitez’s claim for asylum. To

qualify for asylum, a petitioner must have “a well-founded fear of persecution on

account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or

political opinion.” 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(42)(A). Returning Mexicans from the United

States “is too broad to qualify as a cognizable social group.” Delgado-Ortiz, 600
3
F.3d at 1151–52. Benitez’s desire to be “free from harassment by criminals

motivated by theft or random violence by gang members” that “bears no nexus to a

protected ground” is insufficient to establish eligibility for asylum. Zetino v.

Holder, 622 F.3d 1007, 1016 (9th Cir. 2010).

4.    Benitez’s failure to satisfy the standard for asylum means that he also failed

to satisfy the more stringent standard for withholding of removal. Singh v. Lynch,

802 F.3d 972, 977 (9th Cir. 2015).

5.    The BIA did not abuse its discretion in denying Benitez’s untimely motion

to reopen based on allegations of ineffective assistance of counsel. Under ordinary

circumstances, the BIA does not abuse its discretion when it denies a motion to

reopen because the petitioner has not met the procedural requirements set forth in

Matter of Lozada, 19 I. & N. Dec. 637, 639 (BIA 1988). Castillo-Perez v. INS, 212
F.3d 518, 525 (9th Cir. 2000).

      Strict compliance with Lozada is not required where the “face of the record

shows a clear and obvious case of ineffective assistance of counsel.” Id. at 526.

This is not the case here. Benitez’s entire argument for ineffective assistance is that

his counsel failed to file a hardship application for his oldest daughter before she

turned twenty-one. Any failure of counsel on this score was not prejudicial. See

Torres-Chavez v. Holder, 567 F.3d 1096, 1100 (9th Cir. 2009). Benitez’s counsel

                                           4
did file hardship applications for his other five children, but the IJ never reached

the question of hardship because he denied cancellation on moral character

grounds. The outcome would not have been different had Benitez filed six hardship

applications instead of five.

6.    The BIA did not abuse its discretion in denying Benitez’s untimely motion

to reopen based on allegations of changed country conditions. The evidence that

Benitez presented was news coverage of generalized human rights abuses and

police corruption in Mexico. Even if this evidence was sufficient to show changed

country conditions, it is still neither particular to Benitez nor related to a protected

ground. Thus, the motion to reopen does not show that Benitez now has a

legitimate claim for relief. See Toufighi v. Mukasey, 538 F.3d 988, 996 (9th Cir.

2007).

      PETITIONS DISMISSED IN PART AND DENIED IN PART.

                                            5