Court Opinion

ID: 1076309
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 20:18:27.946009+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:46:33.036300
License: Public Domain

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Chief Judge Moon, Judges Willis and Elder
Argued at Richmond, Virginia

WALTER E. PATTERSON, JR.
                                       MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY
v.   Record No. 2340-96-2            CHIEF JUDGE NORMAN K. MOON
                                          NOVEMBER 4, 1997
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

     FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE CITY OF COLONIAL HEIGHTS
                    William R. Shelton, Judge
          Bradley N. Wall for appellant.

          (Richard Cullen, Attorney General; Ruth Ann
          Morken, Assistant Attorney General, on
          brief), for appellee.

     Walter E. Patterson, Jr. appeals his conviction, after a

bench trial, of three counts of distributing imitation Schedule

II controlled substances in violation of Code § 18.2-248(G).

Patterson asserts that the evidence was insufficient to sustain

his conviction.   We agree and, therefore, reverse and dismiss.

     On September 3, 1994, James Warren ("Warren") bought cocaine

from Alan Haden ("Haden").   Warren believed Haden shorted him in

the transaction, so when he saw the man he believed was Haden's

supplier at Scott Robertson's ("Robertson") house, he asked him

to make up the difference.   The man gave Warren a substance

appearing to be cocaine.    Warren mixed the substance with the

cocaine obtained from Haden, ingested it, and collapsed.

Warren's wife administered CPR, and Warren was hospitalized.
     *
      Pursuant to Code § 17-116.010, this opinion is not
designated for publication.
Warren had never experienced such a reaction when using cocaine.

Warren testified that although he identified Patterson in a

photographic lineup as being the man whom he believed made up the

deficiency, after seeing Patterson in court, he could not

identify Patterson as the supplier.

     Robertson was also a regular user of cocaine who previously

had not experienced any abnormal physical reactions to cocaine.

After being granted immunity, he testified that Patterson was the

man who gave Warren the substance appearing to be cocaine.      He

identified Patterson both in a photographic lineup and in court.

He testified that, as compensation for using his home for the

transaction with Warren, Patterson gave him and Doug Hursey

("Hursey"), a friend and frequent cocaine user, some of the same

substance he had given to Warren.   Robertson ingested the

substance and became ill.
     Hursey testified that the supplier was a black man named

"Walter."   Nevertheless, he also testified that he never saw

"Walter" and thus could not identify anyone as being that man.

Hursey testified that Robertson said "Walter" left the substance

for the two of them.    After ingesting the substance, Hursey

became extremely ill.

     Patterson contends that the evidence was insufficient to

sustain his conviction because the witnesses' testimony did not

establish beyond a reasonable doubt that he was the supplier.

Patterson also contends that the evidence did not establish

beyond a reasonable doubt that the substance distributed was an

                                - 2 -
imitation controlled substance.

                            Identity

     "On appeal, we review the evidence in the light most

favorable to the Commonwealth, granting to it all reasonable

inferences fairly deducible therefrom."     Martin v. Commonwealth,

4 Va. App. 438, 443, 358 S.E.2d 415, 418 (1987).    Robertson

identified Patterson both in a photographic lineup and in court.

Robertson's testimony was not contradicted; in fact, Warren's

photographic identification corroborated Robertson's testimony.

We, therefore, hold that the evidence was sufficient to support

the identification of Patterson.
                 Imitation Controlled Substance

     Patterson also contends that the evidence did not establish

beyond a reasonable doubt that the substance distributed was an

imitation controlled substance.    To sustain a conviction of

distributing imitation Schedule II controlled substances in

violation of Code § 18.2-248(G), the Commonwealth must prove

"that the substance . . . `by express or implied representations

purport to act like a controlled substance . . . [or] by overall

dosage unit appearance . . . would cause the likelihood that such

a [substance] will be mistaken for a controlled substance.'"
Werres v. Commonwealth, 19 Va. App. 744, 748, 454 S.E.2d 36, 38

(1995) (quoting Code § 18.2-247(B)(1-2)).    All three witnesses'

testimony suggests that they believed the substance was cocaine

based on its appearance and the reason for which the man gave it

to them (to make up for the deficiency and as compensation for

                              - 3 -
use of Robertson's home).

     The Commonwealth also bears the burden of proving that the

substance Patterson distributed is "not a controlled substance

subject to abuse."   Code § 18.2-247(B).   No evidence was

introduced to prove that the substance was not cocaine.      Indeed,

a reasonable inference is that the substance could have been

cocaine that was merely "cut" with another substance.    Because

the Commonwealth failed to prove a necessary element of the

crime, we reverse and dismiss.

                                           Reversed and dismissed.

                                 - 4 -