Court Opinion

ID: 9941322
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-16 15:17:09.551837+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:46:31.994918
License: Public Domain

[Cite as Fiedeldey v. Finneytown Local School Dist. Bd. of Edn., 2024-Ohio-536.]

                          IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
                      FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
                           HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO

 DARLA FIEDELDEY,                                      :      APPEAL NO.           C-230010
                                                              TRIAL NO.            A-1803020
      Plaintiff-Appellee,                              :

   vs.                                                 :         O P I N I O N.

 FINNEYTOWN    LOCAL   SCHOOL                          :
 DISTRICT BOARD OF EDUCATION,

      Defendant-Appellant.                             :

Civil Appeal From: Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas

Judgment Appealed From Is: Affirmed

Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: February 14, 2024

Mezibov Butler, Marc D. Mezibov, and Dennis A. Gleason, for Plaintiff-Appellee,

Bricker Graydon LLP, Jason R. Stuckey, and David J. Lampe, for Defendant-
Appellant.
                  OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

CROUSE, Presiding Judge.

       {¶1}   Defendant-appellant Finneytown Local School District Board of

Education (the “Board”) appeals from the trial court’s order of sanctions for contempt

after it failed to comply with the court’s order to reinstate plaintiff-appellee Darla

Fiedeldey with back pay. The Board had terminated Fiedeldey following an incident

where she dragged an uncooperative kindergarten student down a school hallway.

This court previously affirmed the trial court’s decision to reverse the Board’s

termination of Fiedeldey’s employment as a kindergarten teacher. For the reasons that

follow, we affirm the trial court’s decision to find the Board in contempt and order

sanctions.

                       I. Factual and Procedural History

       {¶2}   Fiedeldey had been a kindergarten teacher at Finneytown’s Brent

Elementary School for 17 years, with an exemplary record, until October 2017, when

the events at issue occurred. In a May 2019 entry, the trial court ordered the Board to

reinstate Fiedeldey to her position as a kindergarten teacher, with back pay and other

relief to make her whole. This court affirmed the trial court’s judgment in Fiedeldey v.

Finneytown Local School Dist. Bd. of Edn., 2020-Ohio-3960, 156 N.E.3d 1017 (1st

Dist.). The underlying merits and a history of the events are set forth in that opinion.

       {¶3}   The Board did not restore Fiedeldey to her position, nor did it provide

the required back pay. In June 2022, Fiedeldey filed a motion requesting the trial court

issue a show-cause order. The trial court held a hearing on the motion in September

2022. By that time, the Board had reemployed Fiedeldey, but rather than assigning

her to a kindergarten teaching position, the Board employed her as a teaching

assistant.

                                           2
                  OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

       {¶4}    On October 18, 2022, the trial court entered an order finding the Board

in contempt for its failure to implement the court’s order. In its contempt order, the

court ordered the Board to reinstate Fiedeldey to a kindergarten teaching position and

remit the ordered back pay within 14 days. The Board filed an appeal with this court

following the contempt order. However, this court dismissed that appeal on December

15, 2022, for lack of a final, appealable order because the trial court had not yet ordered

sanctions against the Board.

       {¶5}    The trial court held a purge hearing on December 28, 2022. The next

day, the court entered an order finding that the Board had failed to purge itself of

contempt. As a sanction, the court ordered the Board to pay Fiedeldey an additional

$1,000 per month for its delay in carrying out the court’s order, totaling $43,000, and

additionally ordered that the Board would be sanctioned $1,000 per week until it

complied. Finally, the court awarded attorney fees and costs to Fiedeldey.

       {¶6}    Following the trial court’s contempt order, the Board timely filed this

appeal.

                                      II. Analysis

       {¶7}    The Board raises three assignments of error challenging the trial court’s

contempt order. This court reviews the trial court’s decision in a civil-contempt

proceeding for an abuse of discretion. State ex rel. Cincinnati Enquirer v. Hunter, 138

Ohio St.3d 51, 2013-Ohio-5614, 3 N.E.3d 179, ¶ 21.

                              First Assignment of Error

       {¶8}    In its first assignment of error, the Board argues that it was error for the

trial court to order it to pay Fiedeldey back pay for the period of time she did not have

an active teaching license.

                                            3
                    OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

       {¶9}   In February 2020, the State Board of Education notified Fiedeldey of its

intent to suspend or revoke her teaching license based on the October 2017 incident.

As of October 2017, Fiedeldey held a 5-Year Professional Kindergarten-Elementary

(K-8) License, which was valid from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2018. Fiedeldey

did not renew her teaching license following the 2017-2018 school year. In November

2021, the State Board of Education ordered that Fiedeldey’s license would be

(retroactively) suspended from October 2, 2017, through June 30, 2018. It further

ordered that Fiedeldey would be ineligible to apply for renewal until after she

completed four hours of training on nonphysical intervention. Fiedeldey subsequently

applied for renewal of her teaching license in March 2022. Her license was then

reinstated retroactive to July 1, 2021. The Board contends that it cannot, consistent

with R.C. 3319.30 and 3319.36, provide back pay to Fiedeldey because it is contrary to

statute to provide “any compensation for the performance of duties as teacher” to a

person who lacks the appropriate teaching license.

       {¶10} In response, Fiedeldey argues that res judicata prevents the court from

entertaining this argument because the Board could have, but did not, raise this issue

during the original appeal of this case. The Board counters that it was not notified that

Fiedeldey’s license had been suspended until November 2021, which was after the

appeal was briefed and decided. Thus, the Board claims that Fiedeldey’s licensure

status is a change in circumstances, and it could not have presented this argument in

the prior appeal.

       {¶11} Under the doctrine of res judicata, “an existing final judgment or decree

between the parties to litigation is conclusive as to all claims which were or might have

been litigated in a first lawsuit.” (Emphasis added.) Rogers v. Whitehall, 25 Ohio St.3d

                                           4
                   OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

67, 69, 494 N.E.2d 1387 (1986); Pioneer Automotive, LLC v. Village Gate, LLC, 1st

Dist. Hamilton No. C-220630, 2023-Ohio-4501, ¶ 13. The doctrine applies both to

subsequently filed lawsuits and to successive appeals filed in the same cause. Pioneer

Automotive at ¶ 13. See also Cornell v. Shain, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-190722,

2021-Ohio-2094, ¶ 24, quoting In re Appropriation for 1979, 62 Ohio St.2d 99, 101,

403 N.E.2d 974 (1980) (“A party who does not comply with a final order cannot

‘collaterally attack’ that order ‘via [an] appeal from the judgment of contempt.’ ”).

         {¶12} In this assignment of error, the Board does not actually attack the trial

court’s contempt order. Rather, the Board is challenging the award of back pay as part

of the damages award to Fiedeldey. The court’s award of back pay was subject to appeal

during the Board’s first appeal in this matter. The record shows that Fiedeldey did not

renew her license following the 2017-2018 school year. Although the retroactive

suspension of Fiedeldey’s teaching license was not decided until after the first appeal,

Fiedeldey lacked an active teaching license at the time of the trial court’s award of back

pay. Thus, the argument that it was error for the trial court to order the Board to pay

Fiedeldey for a period of time that she did not have an active teaching license could

have been raised in the first appeal.

         {¶13} Because the Board could have, but did not, challenge the award of back

pay during the first appeal, it is now precluded from raising such an argument under

the doctrine of res judicata. Accordingly, we overrule the Board’s first assignment of

error.

                            Second Assignment of Error

         {¶14} In its second assignment of error, the Board argues that the trial court

lacked the authority to order it to assign Fiedeldey to a kindergarten teaching position,

                                            5
                  OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

rather than merely reinstating her employment in some capacity. Only the

superintendent, the Board argues, is empowered to assign a teacher to a classroom

position. The Board further argues that Fiedeldey is limited by R.C. 3319.16 to the

specific relief prayed for within the complaint. Fiedeldey’s complaint, in relevant part,

requested that she “be reinstated to her job.” The Board argues that Fiedeldey’s “job”

was “teacher,” and that her “assignment” was to a kindergarten classroom.

       {¶15} Fiedeldey argues that the Board is also barred from relitigating this

issue under the doctrine of res judicata.

       {¶16} Prior to the Board’s first appeal, the trial court found that the Board was

liable for wrongfully terminating Fiedeldey’s employment and “ordered her restored

to her position.” Fiedeldey identified in her complaint that her employment with the

Board was “as a kindergarten teacher,” and the record reflects that this is the position

she held continuously from 2001 until her removal in 2017.

       {¶17} Just like in its first assignment of error, the Board is challenging a

decision of the trial court rendered before the Board’s first appeal. The Board is

likewise precluded from raising this challenge on the basis of res judicata. We

therefore overrule the Board’s second assignment of error.

                            Third Assignment of Error

       {¶18} In its third assignment of error, the Board argues that the trial court

failed to provide it an opportunity to purge itself of contempt before imposing a

sanction. The Board argues that “[a] civil contempt order must afford a party with an

opportunity to purge itself from contempt prior to imposing a sanction.” In support of

its position, the Board cites State v. Kilbane, 61 Ohio St.2d 201, 206-207, 400 N.E.2d

386 (1980), and Carroll v. Detty, 113 Ohio App.3d 708, 712, 681 N.E.2d 1383 (4th Dist.

                                            6
                   OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

1996).

         {¶19} It is settled law that, “[a] sanction for civil contempt must allow the

contemnor an opportunity to purge himself or herself of contempt.” Carroll at 712.

         {¶20} In the case at bar, the record shows that the trial court entered its order

holding the Board in contempt on October 18, 2022. In its order, the court provided

the three actions the Board must take to purge itself of contempt: (1) reinstate

Fiedeldey to her full-time position as a kindergarten teacher, in charge of her own

classroom; (2) remit to Fiedeldey the back pay ordered in 2019, with interest; and (3)

remit to Fiedeldey the pay and benefits payments she should have received between

the court’s 2019 order and the present. The court ordered that the Board would have

14 days to comply with the contempt order. The court further ordered that Fiedeldey

would be permitted to request fees and costs, as well as monetary sanctions, if the

Board failed to comply with the contempt order.

         {¶21} On December 23, 2022, Fiedeldey filed a motion requesting a hearing

on the Board’s failure to comply with the court’s contempt order. In her motion,

Fiedeldey requested that the court determine that the Board had not complied with

the order, award to her the reasonable attorney fees incurred for prosecuting the

contempt motion, and impose monetary sanctions in the amount of $1,000 per month

for each of the 43 months that the Board had not complied with the court’s original

order and $1,000 per week during the time that the Board remains out of compliance.

         {¶22} The court held a hearing on the motion, and on December 29, the court

entered its award of sanctions against the Board.

         {¶23} Although the trial court ordered that the Board would have 14 days to

comply with its order, the court did not award sanctions until after Fiedeldey’s motion

                                             7
                  OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

and a further hearing, more than two months after the court entered its contempt

order. At any time during that period, the Board could have purged itself of the

contempt and avoided the sanctions.

       {¶24} Under these circumstances, we hold that the Board had ample

opportunity after the court found it to be in contempt in which it could have purged

itself of the contempt and avoided the subsequent sanctions. We therefore overrule

the Board’s third assignment of error.

                                  III. Conclusion

       {¶25} Having overruled the Board’s assignments of error, we affirm the

judgment of the trial court.

                                                                   Judgment affirmed.

BERGERON and WINKLER, JJ., concur.

Please note:

       The court has recorded its entry on the date of the release of this opinion.

                                           8