Court Opinion

ID: 4064766
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-09-29 21:36:38.31551+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:06:57.062621
License: Public Domain

ACCEPTED
                                                                                   13-15-00137-CV
                                                                   THIRTEENTH COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                          CORPUS CHRISTI, TEXAS
                                                                             6/11/2015 12:32:36 PM
                                                                            CECILE FOY GSANGER
                                                                                            CLERK

                           NO. 13-15-00137-CV

    COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRTEENTH DISTRICT     OF
                                                 FILED IN TEXAS
                    CORPUS CHRISTI, TEXAS 13th COURT OF  APPEALS
                                             CORPUS CHRISTI/EDINBURG, TEXAS
                                                 6/11/2015 12:32:36 PM
________________________________________________________________________
                                                   CECILE FOY GSANGER
                                                          Clerk

                        EMORY POWITZKY, JR.

                              APPELLANT

                                   V.

     TILSON CUSTOM HOMES, A/K/A TILSON HOME CORPORATION

                               APPELLEE

________________________________________________________________________

    APPEAL FROM THE 267TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, VICTORIA
                            COUNTY, TEXAS
              HONORABLE JACK MARR, PRESIDING JUDGE
_________________________________________________________________________

                           APPELLEE’S BRIEF
_________________________________________________________________________

                                        DAVID M. JONES
                                        State Bar No. 24042684
                                        DJones@BRSTexas.com
                                        Bush Rudnicki Shelton, P.C.
                                        4025 Woodland Park Blvd., Suite 190
                                        Arlington, Texas 76013
                                        Telephone: (817) 274-5992
                                        Facsimile: (817) 261-1671

                                        ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE

                     ORAL ARGUMENT REQUESTED
                                        TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                         [Tex. R. App. P. 38.1(b)]

TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................   ii

INDEX OF AUTHORITIES……………………………………………….........                                                           iii

SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT……………………………........................                                                 1

ARGUMENT……………………………………………………………….........                                                                  2

                                      Issues One, Two, Four and Six

Appellant Failed to Present Any Evidence of Willful Misconduct
or Fraudulent Concealment to Circumvent the Applicable Statute of
Repose……………………………………………………………………………                                                                        2

                                            Issues Three and Five

The Court was Under no Obligation to Provide
an Explanation of its Ruling…………………………………………………....                                                        5

PRAYER………………………………………………………………................                                                             8

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE….………………………………………….........                                                          8

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                                            ii
                                   TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
                                     [Tex. R. App. P. 38.1(c)]
Texas Supreme Court

Cincinnati Life Ins. Co. v. Cates, 927 S.W.2d 623, 625–26 (Tex.1996) ……….                              6

In re Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A. Inc., 407 S.W.3d 746 (Tex. 2013) ……………                                 5

Texas Court of Appeals

Mathis v. Bocell, 982 S.W.2d 52, 60
(Tex. App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1998, no pet.)……………………………………                                             7

Simmons v. Healthcare Ctrs. of Tex., Inc., 55 S.W.3d 674, 680
(Tex.App.-Texarkana 2001, no pet.)……………………………………………..                                                   6

Strather v. Dolgencorp of Texas,96 S.W.3d 420, 426-27
(Tex. App.—Texarkana 2002, no pet.) ………………………………………….                                                  5

The Ryland Group, Inc. v. Hood. 924 S.W.2d 120 (Tex. 1996) ……………….                                 passim

Texas Statutes

16.009 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code………………................                         passim

Texas Rules of Civil Procedure

TEX. R. CIV. PRO. 90. ………………....................................................................       6

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                                       iii
                      SUMMARY OF APPELLEE’S ARGUMENT
                            [Tex. R. App. P. 38.1(g)]

       Appellant’s Issues One, Two, Four, and Six all basically converge into one issue and

that is that the affidavits of Rolando Romo and of Emory Powitzky put on at least some

evidence of the willful misconduct or fraudulent concealment exception to the statute of

repose in Section 16.009(e)(3) of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code. The Texas

Supreme Court has determined that such evidence must include evidence of actual

knowledge and not mere conjecture. The Ryland Group, Inc. v. Hood. 924 S.W.2d 120 (Tex.

1996). Appellant’s affidavits failed to meet this burden.

       Appellant’s remaining issues Three and Five allege there is a burden on the court to

inform the parties of the reasons for its granting of a Motion for Summary Judgment.

However, no such requirement exists either explicitly or implicitly in either rule or case law.

       Oral argument is only requested to the extent necessary to preserve its right to

respond to Appellant should oral argument be granted by the Court. Appellee does not

believe oral argument is required for this matter.

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                              1
                                             ARGUMENT
                                           [T.R.A.P. 38.1(h)]

                             ISSUES ONE, TWO, FOUR, AND SIX1

    Appellant Failed to Present Any Evidence of Willful Misconduct or Fraudulent
            Concealment to Circumvent the Applicable Statute of Repose

        1.       It is uncontested that the statute of repose in Section 16.009 of the Texas

Civil Practice and Remedies Code applies to this case because the subject Residence was

constructed more than thirty years before the filing of Appellant’s lawsuit. See Brief of

Appellant at 2. It is further uncontested the Appellant relies on the exception of willful

misconduct or fraudulent concealment found in 16.009(e)(3) to circumvent the statute of

repose. Id. Appellant’s only evidence of willful misconduct or fraudulent concealment

to contest Appellee’s assertion of the ten-year Statute of Repose are the affidavits of

Rolando Romo and Emory Powitzky. Both affidavits fail to present a genuine issue of

material fact about Appellant’s sole defense to the applicable statute of repose.

        2.       The Supreme Court of Texas has given very specific guidance about the

evidentiary requirements to show a genuine issue of fact on the willful misconduct and

fraudulent concealment exception in The Ryland Group, Inc. v. Hood. 924 S.W.2d 120

(Tex. 1996). In Ryland, a homeowner alleged causes of action against a builder for

construction defects stemming from a failure to use treated wood. The claims were

brought after the expiration of the ten year statute of repose and so the homeowners relied

1
 Appellee’s issue numbers correlate to Appellant’s numbered arguments in his Summary of the Argument Section.
Brief of Appellant at 6.

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                                                2
on the willful misconduct and fraudulent concealment exception to defeat a motion for

summary judgment. As evidence, the homeowners submitted the affidavit of a “longtime

contractor” as their only evidence raising a fact issue.

       3.     The Ryland Court quoted two specific portions of the contractor affidavit in

its analysis of sufficiency of the evidence. First:

              “To use untreated lumber for a deck support in new
              construction, when treated lumber is specified, amounts to
              intentional or willful misconduct by the builder.”

And then:

              “It is my understanding that neither the builder nor the
              subsequent deck renovator notified the inspectors, appraiser,
              owners, tenants, or any other party with an interest in the
              home of the use of the untreated wood. This failure to notify
              amounts to a concealment of a known violation of the
              specifications and industry practice.”

The Supreme Court rightfully determined these statements to be insufficient in raising a

genuine issue of material fact as to the §16.009(e)(3) exception because they were

conclusory and at no point positively and unqualifiedly represented that the contractor

had “actual knowledge” of the use of untreated wood. Id. at 122 (“If [contractor’s]

affidavit cannot raise a fact issue that [builder] had actual knowledge of the untreated

lumber, how can use of such be intentional?”)

       4.     The Ryland facts are nearly the exact same as the facts presently before this

Court with regard to the Rolando Romo affidavit. Regarding fraudulent concealment or

willful misconduct, the only evidence presented are the conclusory statements of a

longtime contractor, Mr. Romo. In his affidavit, he states, “In my opinion, if [builder]

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                          3
knew . . .” to come to his conclusion of misconduct. (C.R. at 52). This limiting

statement is analogous to the “is it my understanding” limitation by the Ryland contractor

affidavit quoted supra. He states that the job foreman “knew or should have known,”

which fails to meet the burden imposed by Ryland. (C.R. at 51). Tilson’s contractor had

to know, and nothing else, to meet the burden of Section 16.009(e)(3). 924 S.W.2d at

122.     At no point does Mr. Romo put forth any evidence that Tilson had actual

knowledge of the concrete depth.

        5.       Mr. Romo’s affidavit further exacerbates its fundamental deficiencies by

outright stating that the concrete had “deteriorated substantially” over the course of 30

years. This further shines the light on the fact that no one has testified or can testify

about the condition of that slab thirty years ago, in 1983, when it was poured.

“Evidence” that a slab is not 3 1/2 inches thick today2 is no evidence of its thickness

thirty years ago. Appellant failed to put on one iota of evidence in the form of an

engineering analysis or opinion about the effects of time and usage on the thickness of

the slab.

        6.       The only other exhibit presented in Appellants Motion for Summary

Judgment Response and cited by Appellant as evidence of willful misconduct or

fraudulent concealment is the affidavit of Emory Powitzky.                           (C.R. at 53-55).         Mr.

Powitzky’s affidavit makes no attempt to meet the actual knowledge standard of Ryland.

The closest it comes is :

2
 The subject specifications call for approximately 3 ½ inches of slab, not 3 ½ inches minimum as alleged by
Appellant (C.R. at 72).

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                                                4
                 Tilson commenced the work on the house; I think that the
                 foundation was poured in March, 1983. I was not on the site
                 continuously, and I did not see the foundation being poured. I
                 was assured by the Tilson foreman on the job that it had been
                 done as set forth in the plans and in accordance with our
                 agreement. Eventually the house was completed, and my wife
                 and I moved into it.

         7.      This paragraph makes no mention, conjecture or otherwise, of what the

Tilson contractor did or didn’t know when pouring the concrete.

         8.      As the Trial Court correctly ruled, there is no portion of either of these

affidavits that with any certainty shows evidence that Tilson actually knew the concrete

was defective when poured.

                                     ISSUES THREE3 and FIVE

    The Court was Under no Legal Obligation to Provide an Explanation of its Ruling

         9.      Appellant argues that the trial court committed reversible error by failing to

inform the parties of the reasons for its ruling. The trial court has no obligation to

provide a reason for its summary judgment rulings.

         10.     Appellant is unable to cite any rule, case, or statute that imposes such a

burden upon the court. Instead, Plaintiff cites In re Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A. Inc. to

support his contention. 407 S.W.3d 746 (Tex. 2013). The In re Toyota Court did not

review the sufficiency of a summary judgment order, but a Motion for New Trial. No

authority has been submitted that the same applies, or should apply, to a Rule 166a

Motion for Summary Judgment.
3
 Appellant’s Issue 3 from his Summary of the Argument section correlates to Issue 5 in his Argument section.
Brief of Appellant at 6 and 15.

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                                               5
       11.    In fact, the concurring opinion of the Honorable Justice Grant in Strather v.

Dolgencorp of Texas laments the absence of any legal requirement for trial courts to

explain their decisions in granting summary judgments. 96 S.W.3d 420, 426-27 (Tex.

App.—Texarkana 2002, no pet.).

       12.    Other courts have pointed out that the absence of a reason given by the

court below merely implicates that all grounds in the movant’s motion for summary

judgment are reviewable by the Court of Appeals. See Cincinnati Life Ins. Co. v. Cates,

927 S.W.2d 623, 625–26 (Tex.1996); Simmons v. Healthcare Ctrs. of Tex., Inc., 55
S.W.3d 674, 680 (Tex.App.-Texarkana 2001, no pet.);

       13.    The case at bar presents this Court with only one issue; the applicability of

the ten-year statute of repose found in Chapter 16 of the Texas Civil Practice and

Remedies Code. There are not a burdensome number of arguments or points from which

the trial court, or this Court, must guess as to the reason for the granting of Defendant’s

motion. There is only one issue. Does section 16.009(e)(3) apply as an exception to the

ten year statute of repose. Any appeal must necessarily address that one, lone issue, so it

is reasonable to infer that the Court found insufficient evidence on the part of Appellant

to claim the exception in section 16.009(e)(3).

       14.    For those reasons, the order of the court was sufficiently detailed to provide

ample notice and prevent any guessing on the part of the parties and the Court.

       15.    The Court similarly has no obligation to provide an opportunity for

Appellant to cure its defective evidence.

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                           6
       16.    Appellant draws an improper parallel between evidentiary objections and

special exceptions. A special exception points out a deficiency in a pleading. See TEX.

R. CIV. PRO. 90.

       17.    Rule 166a(f) provides that defects in the form of affidavits may not be

grounds for reversal of a summary judgment unless objected to and not remedied.

Appellant’s objections specifically targeted defects in the evidence presented in support

of his motion, not in the pleading itself. Both of Appellee’s objections were to the

substance of the affidavits, not as to the form. Mathis v. Bocell, 982 S.W.2d 52, 60 (Tex.

App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1998, no pet.) (“A defect is substantive if the evidence is

incompetent, and it is formal if the evidence is competent but inadmissible.”)

Substantive objections need not be ruled upon at the time of hearing and may be brought

up for the first time on appeal. Id. (“The application of one or the other is crucial

because formal defects must be objected to and ruled upon by the trial court, while

substantive defects may be raised for the first time on appeal”).

       18.    There is no indication from the trial court that the evidentiary objections

were granted, nor is the granting of said objections necessary for the trial court to reach

the conclusion that the Appellant failed to show any evidence of some of the elements

necessary to prove the 16.009(e)(3) exception to the statute of repose. There is no

reversible error on this issue.

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                          7
                                        PRAYER

       WHEREFORE, PREMISES CONSIDERED, Appellee prays that this Court affirm

the summary judgment of the trial court. Appellee further prays that this Court award to

Appellee all costs of appeal against Appellants and such other relief, at law or in equity,

to which Appellant may be justly entitled.

                                          Respectfully submitted,
                                          BUSH RUDNICKI SHELTON, P.C.

                                          /s/ David M. Jones
                                          James W. Rudnicki
                                          State Bar No. 24006148
                                          David M. Jones
                                          State Bar No. 24042684
                                          4025 Woodland Park Blvd., Suite 190
                                          Arlington, Texas 76013
                                          Telephone: (817) 274-5992
                                          Facsimile: (817) 261-1671

                                          ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE
                                          TILSON CUSTOM HOMES a/k/a TILSON
                                          HOME CORPORATION.

                            CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

       I hereby certify that a copy of the foregoing Appellee’s Brief has been

served on Appellant’s, by and through his Attorney of Record, via electronic

delivery on this 27th day of May, 2015.

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                          8
O. F. Jones III
ofjones360@gmail.com
109 W. Santa Rosa
P. O. Drawer E
Victoria TX 77902
Telephone: 361-573-6381
Fax: 361-576-4607

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
EMORY POWITSKY, JR

                                         /s/ David M. Jones
                                         David M. Jones

                         CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE

      I certify that the foregoing document contains 2261 words, according to the word

count of the computer program used to prepare it, in compliance with Rule 9.4(i)(3).

                                         /s/ David M. Jones
                                         David M. Jones

APPELLEE’S BRIEF                                                                       9