Court Opinion

ID: 9389287
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-04-25 14:11:58.979044+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:18:26.400913
License: Public Domain

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
UNPUBLISHED

              Present: Judges Athey, Chaney and Lorish

              BRANDON KEITH BROWNING
                                                                              MEMORANDUM OPINION*
              v.     Record No. 0738-22-2                                         PER CURIAM
                                                                                  APRIL 25, 2023
              COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

                                FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF CHESTERFIELD COUNTY
                                              David E. Johnson, Judge

                              (Todd M. Ritter; Hill & Rainey, on brief), for appellant.

                              (Jason S. Miyares, Attorney General; Susan Hallie Hovey-Murray,
                              Assistant Attorney General, on brief), for appellee.

                     Brandon Keith Browning appeals the trial court’s sentence to the statutory maximum period

              of incarceration for unlawful wounding. He contends that the trial court abused its discretion by

              imposing an active sentence that well-exceeded the high-end recommendation of the sentencing

              guidelines. After examining the briefs and record, the panel unanimously holds that oral argument

              is unnecessary because “the dispositive issue or issues have been authoritatively decided, and the

              appellant has not argued that the case law should be overturned, extended, modified, or reversed.”

              Code § 17.1-403(ii)(b); Rule 5A:27(b). Accordingly, this Court affirms the trial court’s

              judgment.

                                                        BACKGROUND

                     “In accordance with familiar principles of appellate review, the facts will be stated in the

              light most favorable to the Commonwealth, the prevailing party” in the trial court. McGowan v.

                     *
                         This opinion is not designated for publication. See Code § 17.1-413.
Commonwealth, 72 Va. App. 513, 516 (2020) (quoting Gerald v. Commonwealth, 295 Va. 469, 472

(2018)).

        On December 28, 2013, Browning, without warning, punched the victim several times in the

face, causing bruising, swelling, and a gash above her right eye requiring fifteen stitches. In March

2021, the Commonwealth indicted Browning on the charge of malicious wounding for the 2013

offense. Browning pleaded guilty to an amended charge of unlawful wounding, and the plea

agreement contained no agreement regarding a sentence. At the plea hearing, Browning confirmed

that he understood that “there is nothing in the plea agreement that says what [the trial court] has to

do with regard to [his] sentence” and that the trial court did “not have to follow the guidelines.”

        At the sentencing hearing, the Commonwealth introduced a photo of the victim’s injuries,

and the victim testified that she suffers from anxiety and “PTSD” from Browning’s attack. She

denied that she and Browning remained friends after the incident, and asked that Browning “be held

accountable for things that he’s done.”

        Browning presented no evidence but argued for a sentence in accordance with the low end

of the guidelines based on the date of the offense, his acceptance of responsibility, and his

participation in the Therapeutic Community Program at jail.1 During his allocution, Browning

acknowledged his recent conviction for strangulation and his current incarceration for a possession

of a firearm conviction. Browning claimed that the unlawful wounding in this case “was just an

accident” and that he “just couldn’t believe that this charge was being brought back nine years

later.” Browning then alleged that contrary to the victim’s testimony, the court should believe him

because he and the victim had remained friends, and the victim knew he didn’t mean to hurt her.

        1
        The discretionary sentencing guidelines recommended a sentence between ten months
and two years, eleven months.
                                             -2-
        Before sentencing Browning, the trial court pointed out that the victim’s testimony refuted

Browning’s claim that they had remained friends and that the photograph of her injuries refuted his

disagreement with the evidence. The trial court also noted that Browning insulted and disparaged

the victim during his allocution by saying the victim was lying. The trial court found that Browning

demonstrated no remorse, sought to make excuses, and showed no comprehension whatsoever of

the seriousness of his offense. Thus, the trial court sentenced Browning to five years’ incarceration.

                                             ANALYSIS

        Browning asserts that the trial court abused its discretion by imposing an active sentence

that well-exceeded the high-end recommendation of the sentencing guidelines. We review a trial

court’s criminal sentencing decision for an abuse of discretion. See Minh Duy Du v.

Commonwealth, 292 Va. 555, 563 (2016). “A Virginia trial court ‘clearly’ acts within the scope of

its sentencing authority ‘when it chooses a point within the permitted statutory range’ at which to fix

punishment.” Id. at 564 (quoting Alston v. Commonwealth, 274 Va. 759, 771 (2007)). “[O]nce it is

determined that a sentence is within the limitations set forth in the statute under which it is imposed,

appellate review is at an end.” Thomason v. Commonwealth, 69 Va. App. 89, 99 (2018) (quoting

Minh Duy Du, 292 Va. at 565).

        Although Browning concedes that the trial court sentenced him to the statutory maximum

period of incarceration for unlawful wounding, he argues that his sentence was disproportionate and

unreasonable. He contends that the sentence well-exceeded the high-end recommendation of the

sentencing guidelines and emphasizes that he pleaded guilty to the offense even though the offense

occurred nine years earlier. Browning also stresses that he had “acknowledged what he [had] done

when confronted by the police in 2013” and was “apologetic to the victim . . . right after it

happened.” He further argues that there are other “mitigating factors that distinguished [him] in a

positive way.”

                                                 -3-
        It is well-established that “proportionality review ‘is not available for any sentence less than

life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.’” Cole v. Commonwealth, 58 Va. App. 642, 654

(2011) (quoting United States v. Malloy, 568 F.3d 166, 180 (4th Cir. 2009)). We noted in Cole that

the Supreme Court of the United States “has never found a non-life ‘sentence for a term of years

within the limits authorized by statute to be, by itself, a cruel and unusual punishment’ in violation

of the Eighth Amendment.” Id. at 653 (quoting Hutto v. Davis, 454 U.S. 370, 372 (1982) (per

curiam)).

        Moreover, the Virginia Criminal Sentencing Guidelines are “discretionary, rather than

mandatory.” Fazili v. Commonwealth, 71 Va. App. 239, 248 (2019) (quoting West v. Dir. of

Dep’t of Corr., 273 Va. 56, 65 (2007)). They are “merely procedural tools to assist and guide a

judge in the exercise of the judge’s sentencing discretion.” Luttrell v. Commonwealth, 42

Va. App. 461, 468 (2004). “Accordingly, a circuit court’s failure to follow the guidelines is ‘not

. . . reviewable on appeal.” Fazili, 71 Va. App. at 248 (quoting Code § 19.2-298.01(F)). Indeed,

the task of sentencing “rest[s] heavily on judges closest to the facts of the case—those hearing

and seeing the witnesses, taking into account their verbal and nonverbal communication, and

placing all of it in the context of the entire case.” Minh Duy Du, 292 Va. at 563.

        Here, the record demonstrates that the trial court considered the guidelines, the

circumstances of the offense, the evidence presented, and Browning’s statements. In doing so,

the trial court found that Browning’s allocution testimony was refuted by the victim’s testimony

and the photograph of her injuries. The trial court’s findings that Browning insulted, disparaged,

and accused the victim of lying were supported by the record and are not clearly erroneous. The

trial court concluded that Browning “demonstrated no remorse,” “sought to make excuses,” and

showed “no comprehension whatsoever of the seriousness of what he ha[d] done,” and sentenced

                                                  -4-
him within the statutory range set by the General Assembly. See Code §§ 18.2-10(f), 18.2-51.

Accordingly, we find no abuse of the trial court’s discretion.

                                          CONCLUSION

       For these reasons, this Court affirms the trial court’s judgment.

                                                                                     Affirmed.

                                                 -5-