Court Opinion

ID: 2716165
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-08 05:00:42.04547+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T10:01:43.324979
License: Public Domain

Case: 12-60572      Document: 00512724831         Page: 1    Date Filed: 08/06/2014

           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
                                                                         United States Court of Appeals
                                                                                  Fifth Circuit

                                                                                FILED
                                    No. 12-60572                           August 6, 2014
                                  Summary Calendar
                                                                           Lyle W. Cayce
                                                                                Clerk
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                                                 Plaintiff-Appellee

v.

ROBERT PAYNE,

                                                 Defendant-Appellant

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Northern District of Mississippi
                             USDC No. 3:00-CR-145-1

Before SMITH, WIENER, and ELROD, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM: *
       Robert Payne, federal prisoner # 11300-042, appeals the district court’s
denial of a sentence reduction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). Payne was
convicted in 2001 of possession with intent to distribute more than 50 grams
of crack cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a) and (b)(1)(A) (Count One),
possession of a firearm in furtherance of a drug trafficking crime in violation
of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A) (Count Two), possession of a firearm by a convicted

       * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH
CIR. R. 47.5.4.
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                                 No. 12-60572

felon in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) (Count Three), and possession of an
unregistered firearm in violation of 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(d) and 5871 (Count
Four). The district court sentenced him to concurrent terms of 292 months of
imprisonment on Count One, 120 months of imprisonment on Count Three,
and 120 months of imprisonment on Count Four, with a consecutive term of 60
months of imprisonment on Count Two, for a total of 352 months of
imprisonment.
      Following the United States Sentencing Commission’s 2007 retroactive
amendment to the base offense levels for crack cocaine offenses, Payne filed a
pro se motion to reduce his sentence pursuant to § 3582(c)(2). The district court
granted the § 3582(c)(2) motion and reduced his sentence to 240 months of
imprisonment on Count One, resulting in a total amended sentence of 300
months of imprisonment.
      In November 2009, the Government filed a motion to reduce Payne’s
sentence pursuant to Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 35(b). The district
court granted the Government’s motion and reduced Payne’s sentence to
concurrent terms of 180 months of imprisonment on Count One, 90 months of
imprisonment on Count Three, and 90 months of imprisonment on Count Four,
with a consecutive term of 45 months of imprisonment on Count Two, for a
total of 225 months of imprisonment.
      In December 2011, Payne filed a second pro se § 3582(c)(2) motion
seeking a sentence reduction pursuant to the Sentencing Commission’s 2011
retroactive amendment to the crack cocaine guidelines (Amendment 750).
After taking into account the policy statements set forth in U.S.S.G. § 1B1.10
and the applicable 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors, the district court denied Payne’s
§ 3582(c)(2) motion.

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                                  No. 12-60572

      Payne contends that the district court abused its discretion in denying
his § 3582(c)(2) motion. He argues that: (1) his sentence was based on the
125.08 grams of crack cocaine seized by law enforcement officers; (2) he was
eligible for a sentence reduction despite his being sentenced below the
statutory minimum sentence; and (3) an attorney should have been appointed
to represent him in the § 3582(c)(2) proceedings.
      Section 3582(c)(2) permits the discretionary modification of a defendant’s
sentence “in the case of a defendant who has been sentenced to a term of
imprisonment based on a sentencing range that has subsequently been lowered
by the Sentencing Commission pursuant to 28 U.S.C. [§] 994(o),” so long as the
reduction is consistent with the applicable policy statements. § 3582(c)(2); see
United States v. Doublin, 572 F.3d 235, 237 (5th Cir. 2009). The district court’s
decision whether to reduce a sentence under § 3582(c)(2) is reviewed for an
abuse of discretion, while the court’s interpretation of the Guidelines is
reviewed de novo. United States v. Evans, 587 F.3d 667, 672 (5th Cir. 2009).
      Contrary to Payne’s contention, he was held accountable for 3.875
kilograms of crack cocaine. Thus, he was originally subject to a base and total
offense level of 38, a criminal history category of III, and a guidelines
imprisonment range of 292 to 365 months. After the district court granted
Payne’s first § 3582(c)(2) motion, he was subject to a base and total offense
level of 36, a criminal history category of III, and a guidelines imprisonment
range of 235 to 293 months. Under Amendment 750, Payne would have been
subject to the same base and total offense level of 36, criminal history category
of III, and guidelines imprisonment range of 235 to 293 months.               See
§ 2D1.1(c)(2) (2011) (at least 2.8 kilograms but less than 8.4 kilograms of crack
cocaine). Further, the record reflects that the district court properly considered
the § 3553(a) factors, the policy statements set forth in § 1B1.10, and Payne’s

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                                  No. 12-60572

arguments in support of a reduction. See United States v. Smith, 595 F.3d
1322, 1323 (5th Cir. 2010). The district court was under no obligation to reduce
Payne’s sentence under § 3582(c)(2), nor was it required to provide reasons or
explain its consideration of the § 3553(a) factors. See Evans, 587 F.3d at 673-
74. Finally, because there is no right to appointed counsel in § 3582(c)(2)
proceedings, Payne’s contention that an attorney should have been appointed
to represent him is unavailing. See United States v. Whitebird, 55 F.3d 1007,
1011 (5th Cir. 1995). Therefore, Payne has failed to show that the district court
abused its discretion in denying his § 3582(c)(2) motion. See Evans, 587 F.3d
at 672.
      Payne also argues that: (1) the district court erred in failing to reduce his
sentence pursuant to § 3553(e); (2) the district court’s chronological application
of the sentence enhancements set forth in § 924(c) violated the rule of lenity
and failed to produce the lowest possible sentence on the multiple firearm
counts; and (3) the district court erred in denying his motions to suppress.
Because Payne’s challenges to his conviction and original sentence do not
relate to a retroactively applicable amendment to the Guidelines, they are not
cognizable in a § 3582(c)(2) motion. See Dillon v. United States, 560 U.S. 817,
826-31 (2010); Evans, 587 F.3d at 674.
      Accordingly, the district court’s judgment is AFFIRMED.             Payne’s
motion to strike the appellee’s brief is DENIED.

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