Court Opinion

ID: 4640120
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-12-07 16:08:24.347508+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:00:11.322680
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-1368-19T2

TRAXI LLC,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

EDISON LITHOGRAPHING &
PRINTING CORP., a/k/a EDISON
LITHOGRAPHIC SOLUTIONS
& PRINTING CORP. and
EDISON SOLUTIONS LLC,

     Defendants-Appellants.
_______________________________

                    Argued November 12, 2020 – Decided December 7, 2020

                    Before Judges Alvarez and Mitterhoff.

                    On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                    Division, Hudson County, Docket No. L-0432-19.

                    Daniel F. Sahin argued the cause for appellants (Sahin
                    & Watson, PC, attorneys; Daniel F. Sahin, on the brief).

                    Christopher J. Kellar argued the cause for respondent
                    (Rothbard, Rothbard, Kohn & Kellar, attorneys;
                    Christopher J. Kellar, on the brief).
PER CURIAM

      Defendants Edison Lithographing & Printing Corp. and Edison Solutions

LLC1 appeal from a November 22, 2019 order denying their motion to vacate a

March 21, 2019 default judgment pursuant to Rule 4:50-1(a) and (f). On appeal,

defendants argue that the trial court abused its discretion when it found no

excusable neglect or exceptional circumstances that justified relief. Defendants

also argue that the court erred in finding their motion was untimely pursuant to

Rule 4:50-2. Based on the record, and considering the applicable law, we affirm.

      We discern the following facts from the record. On January 30, 2019,

plaintiff filed a complaint on a book account seeking $124,541.32 in unpaid

invoices from defendants.      The summons and complaint were successfully

served on February 6, 2019. On March 14, 2019, because defendants had failed

to file an answer, plaintiff requested the clerk enter default. On March 19, 2019,

plaintiff filed a request for default judgment, and two days later the clerk entered

default judgment.

      On May 23, 2019, the sheriff's office levied on defendants' office

equipment. On June 7, 2019, the sheriff's office levied upon defendants' bank

1
   The term "defendants" will be used to refer collectively to both Edison
Lithographing & Printing Corp. and Edison Solutions LLC.
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account. On July 12, 2019, the court issued an Order for Turnover of funds in

the amount of $62,132.83 as partial satisfaction of the judgment. On July 16,

2019, defendants were mailed a copy of the executed Order for Turnover .

      On September 13, 2019, the court issued an Order to Enforce Litigant's

Rights due to the defendants' failure to comply with an information subpoena

that was mailed on July 30, 2019. On September 27, 2019, defendants provided

uncertified answers to the information subpoena. On October 23, 2019, civil

arrest warrants were issued due to defendants' failure to provide certified

responses to the information subpoena. On October 25, 2019, defendants served

certified answers to the information subpoena.

      On November 6, 2019, roughly six months after the initial levy, and seven

months after entry of default judgment, defendants filed the motion to vacate.

In opposing the motion, Abraham Biller, defendant's CEO, certified that

defendants were "basically hand-cuffed at the time [plaintiff] filed its

complaint" and that defendants were "so financially strapped that [they] were

unable to pay a lawyer to defend" against the complaint.

      On November 22, 2019, the trial judge denied the motion. The judge

noted the "substantial amount of time" that passed between default judgment

and defendants' motion. The judge observed that even though defendants were

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personally served with the summons and complaint, were served with the final

judgment and had their goods and bank account levied upon, defendant

inexplicably took no action to enter an appearance or file the motion earlier.

The judge held that "[c]hoosing not to participate in the lawsuit, even in light of

financial difficulties, does not constitute excusable neglect nor exceptional

circumstances."

      On appeal, defendants raise the following arguments for our

consideration:

            POINT I

            THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN
            DENYING DEFENDANTS' MOTION TO VACATE
            DEFAULT JUDGMENT.

            POINT II

            DEFENDANT[S'] MOTION TO VACATE WAS
            FILED IN A TIMELY MANNER.

            POINT III

            [DEFENDANTS] WOULD HAVE LIKED TO
            DEFEND THE LAWSUIT AND WOULD HAVE
            PREFERRED TO FILE THE PRESENT MOTION
            SOONER, BUT FINANCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
            PREVENTED IT FROM DOING SO.

      Decisions whether to vacate a default judgment are left to the sound

discretion of the trial court. Mancini v. EDS, 132 N.J. 330, 334 (1993). Courts

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should view "the opening of default judgments . . . with great liberality," and

should tolerate "every reasonable ground for indulgence . . . to the end that a

just result is reached." Marder v. Realty Constr. Co., 84 N.J. Super. 313, 319

(App. Div. 1964). Nevertheless, a trial court's decision, pursuant to Rule 4:50-

1, "warrants substantial deference, and should not be reversed unless it results

in a clear abuse of discretion." U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n v. Guillaume, 209 N.J.

449, 467 (2012) (citations omitted).

      We affirm the trial court's conclusion that defendants failed to establish

either excusable neglect under Rule 4:50-1(a) or exceptional circumstances

pursuant to Rule 4:50-1(f). In support of both grounds for relief, defendants

exclusively rely on unspecified and unsubstantiated financial difficulties which

allegedly precluded them from retaining counsel.

      Financial straits cannot establish that the default was "attributable to an

honest mistake that is compatible with due diligence or reasonable prudence."

Mancini, 132 N.J. at 335. In that regard, defendants indisputably knew of the

action from its inception as they were properly served with the summons and

complaint, as well as the final judgment by default. Months later, the sheriff's

office conducted two levies, one on defendants' office equipment and one on

defendants' bank account. Defendants responded to the information subpoena,

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                                       5
and only filed the motion to vacate after civil arrest warrants were issued. Under

these circumstances, defendants' cavalier disregard of the court's process cannot

equate to excusable neglect. See Davis v. DND/Fidoreo, Inc., 317 N.J. Super.

92, 100 (App. Div. 1998) ("the absence of evidence establishing willful

disregard of the court's process is an important consideration.") (citing Mancini,

132 N.J. at 336).

      Equally without merit is defendants' unsupported argument that they

should be relieved from the judgment because they could not afford counsel.

Generally, the inability to afford a lawyer does not satisfy exceptional

circumstances under Rule 4:50-1(f). See In re Estate of Schifftner, 385 N.J.

Super. 37, 44 (App. Div. 2006). Even according credence to the argument that

defendants, as corporate entities, could not have represented themselves in court,

see R. 1:21-1(c), there is simply no basis in the record to support their claim that

they had insufficient resources to retain counsel. Apart from unsupported and

bald assertions that they were "strapped," defendants presented no documentary

evidence such as financial statements or balance sheets to establish that

defendants were "in the red." In fact, the record shows that more than $60,000

was levied from defendants' bank account, and that they owned equipment and

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machinery valued in the millions, only a fraction of which has been levied upon

in partial satisfaction of the judgment.

      For similar reasons, we agree with the trial court that defendants' motion

was untimely. R. 4:50-2. Defendants claim the motion was timely because it

was filed less than a year after the entry of default judgment. Contrary to

defendant's belief, parties do not necessarily have one year to file a motion to

vacate. See Orner v. Liu, 419 N.J. Super. 431, 438 (App. Div. 2011) ("[D]elays

of less than one year may be unreasonable."); N.B. v. S.K., 435 N.J. Super 298,

310 (App. Div. 2014) ("what constitutes a reasonable time to seek relief is

dependent on the totality of the circumstances."). We see no reason to disturb

the trial judge finding that defendants' deliberate delay rendered their motion

untimely.

      We conclude the remaining arguments – to the extent we have not

addressed them – lack sufficient merit to warrant any further discussion in a

written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).

      Affirmed.

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