Court Opinion

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Date Created: 2015-10-13 22:20:31.532965+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:47:12.516888
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Opinions of the United
2006 Decisions                                                                                                             States Court of Appeals
                                                                                                                              for the Third Circuit

10-3-2006

Iseley v. Beard
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential

Docket No. 05-2108

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Recommended Citation
"Iseley v. Beard" (2006). 2006 Decisions. Paper 371.
http://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/thirdcircuit_2006/371

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                                                         NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                  UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                       FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

                                NO. 05-2108
                             ________________

                             CHARLES ISELEY,
                                Appellant

                                       v.

       JEFFREY BEARD; WILLIAM STICKMAN; STANLEY FALOR;
     DAN DAVIS; SHARON DELETTO; BRIAN HYDE; MICHAEL MOE;
     AMERICAN SERVICE GROUP; PRISON HEALTH SERVICES, INC.;
        BRUCE TEAL; JEAN BYASSEE; CARL KELDIE; MICHAEL
                   CATALANO; GERALD BOYLE

                 ____________________________________

                On Appeal From the United States District Court
                   For the Western District of Pennsylvania
                          (D.C. Civ. No. 02-cv-1709)
                   District Judge: Honorable Alan N. Bloch
                _______________________________________

                  Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
                             OCTOBER 2, 2006

      Before:     MCKEE, FUENTES AND NYGAARD, Circuit Judges.

                           (Filed: October 3, 2006)

                         _______________________

                                OPINION
                         _______________________

PER CURIAM
       Charles Iseley appeals from the District Court’s orders granting Defendants’

motion for summary judgment. For the reasons that follow, we will affirm the District

Court’s judgment.

       In 1983, Charles Iseley was convicted of numerous robbery and assault charges.

He is currently incarcerated at State Correctional Institution at Fayette. Iseley suffers

from numerous physical ailments. In 1998, he was diagnosed with Hepatitis-C (“HCV”).

He also suffers from chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and rheumatoid arthritis. In

2000, Iseley filed a civil rights action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 in the United States District

Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, alleging, inter alia, that the failure of the

Department of Corrections (“DOC”) to offer him treatment for HCV constituted cruel and

unusual punishment. In 2001, after the DOC changed its policy on HCV treatment, Iseley

moved for a preliminary injunction to force the DOC to provide him with prescription

drug treatment for HCV despite the fact that Iseley would not consent to psychological

testing and limited disclosure as required by the DOC’s treatment protocols. The District

Court granted summary judgment to the defendants and we affirmed. See Iseley v.

Dragovich, No. 03-2254, slip op. at 9 (3d Cir. Jan. 6, 2004)(nonprecedential opinion).

       In 2002, while incarcerated at State Correctional Institution at Greene (“SCI-

Greene”), Iseley again attempted to get treatment for his HCV. He requested pegylated

interferon, a drug for the treatment of HCV, but was refused. Prison officials informed

him that interferon, a different HCV drug, was the only treatment that would be available

to him. Again, he refused to consent to psychological counseling and disclosure of his

                                               2
medical records as required for treatment with interferon, and he was denied treatment.

Medical personnel also informed counselors, prison guards and other prisoners that Iseley

suffered from HCV.

       Iseley also requested treatment for his other health problems. He requested

treatment for his chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and rheumatoid arthritis, but

never received any medical attention for those conditions. During this time, Iseley also

informed medical personnel that he was allergic to the soap distributed to the inmates at

SCI-Greene. Medical personnel gave him permission to purchase one bar of a different

brand of soap every two weeks.

       In October 2002, Iseley filed this pro se civil rights action in the United States

District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. He brings this action against

Pennsylvania state officers and employees1 as well as the medical provider at SCI-Greene

and its employees and officers.2 His complaint listed numerous claims: that the failure of

the prison authorities and doctors to treat his HCV, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue

syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis constituted cruel and unusual punishment in violation

   1
   Jefferey Beard, Secretary of DOC; William Stickman, Warden of SCI-Greene, and
Grievance Coordinators Sharon Deletto and Dan Davis; and Brian Hyde, Healthcare
Administrator at SCI-Greene (“Commonwealth Defendants”).
   2
    Prison Health Services, Inc. (“PHS”), American Service Group, Inc. (“ASG”), PHS’s
parent company, Bruce Teal, Chief Operating Officer of PHS, Jean Byassee, Chief Legal
Counsel of PHS, Michael Catalano, Chief Executive Officer of ASG, Gerald Boyle,
Chief Executive Officer of PHS, Carl Keldie, Chief Medical Officer of ASG, Stanley
Falor, Medical Director at SCI-Greene and Iseley’s treating physician, and Michael Moe,
an unnamed psychiatrist at SCI-Greene (“Medical Defendants”).

                                              3
of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments; that the medical defendants’ release of

information regarding his HCV status violated his right to privacy; that he was denied

medical treatment in violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”); that the

refusal to treat his HCV was retaliation for his failure to consent to psychological

treatment and disclosure of his medical information; and various state law claims.

       The Commonwealth Defendants filed a motion to dismiss or for summary

judgment arguing that the DOC policy regarding HCV treatment did not amount to cruel

and unusual punishment and that none of them was personally involved in the other

alleged actions. In January 2004, the District Court, adopting the Magistrate Judge’s

report and recommendation, granted the Commonwealth Defendants’ motion for

summary judgment. The Medical Defendants filed a separate motion for summary

judgment arguing that Iseley failed to exhaust his administrative remedies. In March

2005, the District Court, adopting the Magistrate Judge’s Report and Recommendation,

granted the Medical Defendants’ motion and also dismissed the remaining state law

claims for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.

       The District Court had jurisdiction over this matter by virtue of 28 U.S.C. § 1331.

We have appellate jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291 and exercise plenary review

over an order granting summary judgment. See Helen L. v. DiDario, 46 F.3d 325, 329

(3d Cir. 1995). As is well understood, summary judgment is granted when “no genuine

issue [exists] as to any material fact and [when] the moving party is entitled to a judgment

as a matter of law.” FED.R.CIV.P. 56(c). We will view the facts in the light most

                                              4
favorable to the nonmoving party and we will draw all inferences in that party’s favor.

See Reitz v. County of Bucks, 125 F.3d 139, 143 (3d Cir. 1997). We may affirm on

grounds other than those relied on by the District Court. See Narin v. Lower Merion

School District, 206 F.3d 323, 333 n.8 (3d Cir. 2000).

                                   Medical Defendants

       A prisoner is barred from bringing an action under § 1983 or any other federal law

“until such administrative remedies as are available have been exhausted.” 42 U.S.C.

§ 1997e(a). The administrative remedies available to Pennsylvania prisoners are

described in DC-ADM 804, and involve a three-step grievance process. First, a

prisoner’s grievance is submitted to the facility’s grievance coordinator, DC-ADM 804

Part VI.B. If the problem is not resolved at the level of the grievance coordinator, then

the decision may be appealed to the Facility Manager, DC-ADM 804 Part VI.C. Finally,

an aggrieved prisoner may appeal this decision to the Secretary’s Office of Inmate

Grievances and Appeals, DC-ADM 804 Part VI.D. Only after a prisoner has gone

through all of these steps has he exhausted his available administrative remedies. Spruill

v. Gillis, 372 F.3d 218, 231 (3d Cir. 2004).

       According to the undisputed affidavit of Dan Davis, the grievance coordinator at

SCI-Greene, Iseley did not comply with these requirements. (See Appellant’s Br. App.

17.) Iseley filed grievances regarding his failure to receive treatment for his medical

ailments and his soap allergy. He appealed those grievances to the SCI-Greene’s

Superintendent, but did not file any subsequent appeals to the Secretary’s Office of

                                               5
Inmate Grievances and Appeals. Thus, he did not exhaust administrative remedies, and

his suit against the Medical Defendants cannot proceed further. See Nyhuis v. Reno, 203
F.3d 65, 78 (3d Cir. 2000).

       Iseley does not dispute that he failed to appeal any of his grievances to the

Secretary’s Office of Inmate Grievances and Appeals. However, he claims that the Davis

affidavit shows that there were no administrative remedies available to him, and thus, he

had fulfilled § 1997e(a)’s exhaustion requirement. Although the Davis affidavit describes

the grievance procedure described in DC-ADM 804, on two occasions there is a mistaken

reference to DC-ADM 801, the grievance procedure for inmates facing discipline. Iseley

claims that, since he was not facing discipline, the procedures of DC-ADM 801 were not

available to him and the Davis affidavit’s conclusion that “Mr. Iseley did not exhaust his

administrative remedies pursuant to DC-ADM-801 [sic]” does not bar his suit. However,

this argument is based on a misreading of Davis’ Affidavit. It is clear from the rest of

Davis’ affidavit, where he names and describes the procedures under DC-ADM 804 in the

context of Iseley’s grievances, that the references to DC-ADM 801 are typographical

errors and that Davis is describing Iseley’s use of the procedure available under DC-

ADM 804. According to the undisputed evidence in the record, Iseley failed to exhaust

his available administrative remedies and his suit against the Medical Defendants is

barred.

                                             6
                               Commonwealth Defendants3

       In order for a denial of medical care to rise to the level of an Eighth Amendment

violation, it must constitute “unnecessary and wanton infliction of pain” or “deliberate

indifference to the serious medical needs” of a prisoner. Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97,

106 (1976). To prove deliberate indifference, plaintiff must establish that prison officials

were aware that the plaintiff faced a “substantial risk of serious harm,” but disregarded

“that risk by failing to take reasonable measures to abate it.” Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S.
825, 847 (1994). This test provides considerable latitude to prison medical authorities,

and courts will defer to their sound medical judgment. Inmates of Allegheny County Jail

v. Pierce, 612 F.2d 754, 762 (3d Cir. 1979). Mere negligence or inadvertence is

insufficient to show an Eighth Amendment violation. Id.

       Iseley’s claim that he was denied treatment for HCV is, based on his own

admissions, not true. Rather, he refused interferon treatment because he would not

consent to the release of his medical records and concomitant psychological treatment as

required by DOC policy. Iseley claims that psychological treatment was not necessary

for interferon treatment and that prison authorities’ insistence that he submit to counseling

forces him to either suffer the imposition of unwanted treatment, or be denied treatment

   3
   The Commonwealth Defendants waived the affirmative defense that Iseley failed to
exhaust administrative remedies because they did not raise it, in the District Court or here,
and we will address Iseley’s claims against them on the merits. See FED. R. CIV. P. 8(c);
Ray v. Kertes, 285 F.3d 287, 295 (3d Cir. 2002).

                                             7
for a serious medical condition.4 He has raised this argument before, see Dragovich, No.

03-2254, slip. op. at 4 n.3, and we found it unpersuasive. It is still unpersuasive.5 The

DOC’s requirement that prisoners undergoing interferon treatment submit to

psychological evaluation and treatment is a reasonable inclusion in the HCV drug

treatment protocol. According to Iseley’s own materials, side effects of interferon include

severe depression and suicidal thoughts. (See e.g. Objections to Magistrate Report and

Recommendation, Appellant’s Br. App. 11 Ex. 10.) Because of these side effects, the

DOC protocols for HCV treatment exclude those suffering depression, psychosis, bipolar

disorder from interferon treatment. (Appellant’s Br. App. 16.) The inclusion of

psychological evaluation and counseling in the DOC’s treatment protocol is an exercise

of sound medical judgment; not, as Iseley contends, an instance where necessary medical

treatment has been delayed or denied for a non-medical reason. See Monmouth County

Correctional Institutional Inmates v. Lanzaro, 834 F.2d 326 (3d Cir. 1987). Iseley has a

different opinion about the matter and has refused to participate in treatment, but the

Commonwealth Defendants cannot be held responsible for his unwillingness to comply

   4
   This argument is identical to Iseley’s claim that he was retaliated against for refusing
mental health care. (Comp. ¶ 81.)
   5
    The Commonwealth Appellees argue on appeal that these claims should be barred by
collateral estoppel. However, because the Commonwealth never raised the affirmative
defense of collateral estoppel below, the argument is waived. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(c); 47
Am. Jur. 2d Judgments § 637 (2006) (“The failure to plead or raise in a timely manner
matters calling for the application of the doctrines of res judicata and collateral estoppel
generally is regarded as a waiver.”)

                                             8
with a legitimate treatment protocol.

       Summary judgment was also appropriate on Iseley’s other Eighth Amendment

claims. Unlike the DOC policy involved in his denial of HCV treatment claim, Iseley

does not allege that any of the Commonwealth Defendants were involved in the denial of

treatment for his fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and soap

allergy. He argues that they are nonetheless liable because they were aware of these

conditions and did not act to secure him proper treatment. However, the Commonwealth

Defendants are not medical professionals and cannot “be considered deliberately

indifferent simply because they failed to respond directly to the medical complaints of a

prisoner who was already being treated by a prison doctor.” See Durmer v. O’Carroll,

991 F.2d 64, 69 (3d Cir. 1993); Spruill, 318 F.3d at 236 (“If a prisoner is under the care of

medical experts . . . a non-medical prison official will generally be justified in believing

that the prisoner is in capable hands.”)

       Iseley’s argument that the denial of treatment for his ailments violated the ADA

fails as well. The ADA prohibits the exclusion of otherwise qualified participants from

any program or benefits on account of their disability. 42 U.S.C. § 12132. A claim under

the ADA requires that: 1) the plaintiff has a disability; 2) the plaintiff is otherwise

qualified for the program sought or would be qualified if the defendant made reasonable

modifications to the program, and 3) the plaintiff was excluded from the program solely

by reason of his or her disability. See Wagner v. Fair Acres Geriatric Center, 49 F.3d
1002, 1009 (3d Cir.1995). Iseley does not claim that he was excluded from any program

                                               9
on the basis of his disability. Rather he claims that he was denied medical treatment for

his disabilities, which is not encompassed by the ADA’s prohibitions. See Bryant v.

Madigan, 84 F.3d 246, 248 (7th Cir. 1997) (holding that “the [ADA] would not be

violated by a prison's simply failing to attend to the medical needs of its disabled

prisoners . . . [t]he ADA does not create a remedy for medical malpractice.”)

       Because there was no genuine issue of material fact and the Defendants were

entitled to judgment as a matter of law, the District Court was correct in granting

Defendants’ motions for summary judgment. Accordingly, we will affirm the judgment

of the District Court.

                                             10