Court Opinion

ID: 1048570
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-08 19:11:52.178611+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:53:38.840568
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                         AT NASHVILLE
                            Assigned on Briefs May 24, 2011

              MILBURN L. EDWARDS v. STATE OF TENNESSEE

                      Appeal from the Circuit Court for Wayne County
                           No. 14910     Stella Hargrove, Judge

                   No. M2010-02001-CCA-R3-HC - Filed August 5, 2011

Petitioner, Milburn L. Edwards, was convicted by a Davidson county jury of multiple counts
of rape, first degree burglary, aggravated burglary, and one count each of second degree
burglary, aggravated rape, assault with intent to commit rape, and robbery. State v. Edwards,
868 S.W.2d 682, 685 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1993) The trial court sentenced Petitioner to an
effective sentence of life plus 415 years. Id. On appeal, this Court affirmed Petitioner’s
convictions and modified his sentence to an effective sentence of life plus seventy-five years
and an additional effective sentence of 120 years. Id. at 705. Subsequently, Petitioner
unsuccessfully filed a petition for post-conviction relief and three petitions of writ of habeas
corpus relief. See Milburn L. Edwards v. Cherry Lindamood, No. M2009-01132-CCA-MR3-
HC, 2010 WL 2134156 (Tenn. Crim. App., at Nashville, May 27, 2010); Milburn L. Edwards
v. Cherry Lindamood, No. M2006-01092-CCA-R3-HC, 2007 WL 152233 (Tenn. Crim.
App., at Nashville, Jan. 17, 2007), perm. app. denied, (Tenn. Apr. 16, 2007) (affirming the
habeas corpus court’s dismissal of the petition for writ of habeas corpus); Milburn L.
Edwards v. State, No. M2004-01378-CCA-R3-HC, 2005 WL 544714 (Tenn. Crim. App., at
Nashville, Mar. 7, 2005), perm. app. denied, (Tenn. Aug. 29, 2005) (affirming the habeas
corpus court’s dismissal of the petition for writ of habeas corpus); Milburn L. Edwards v.
State, No. M2002-02124-CCA-R3-PC, 2003 WL 23014683 (Tenn. Crim. App., at Nashville,
Dec. 15, 2003) (affirming the post-conviction court’s denial of the petition for post-
conviction relief). The subject of this appeal is Petitioner’s fourth petition for writ of habeas
corpus in which he argues that the habeas corpus court erred in summarily dismissing his
petition based on the State’s argument that the issue of whether Petitioner was properly
sentenced under the 1982 Sentencing Act as opposed to the 1989 Sentencing Act was
previously determined. Because we have concluded that this issue was previously
determined on direct appeal, we affirm the habeas corpus court’s dismissal of the petition.

 Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court is Affirmed.
J ERRY L. S MITH, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which R OBERT W. W EDEMEYER and
D. K ELLY T HOMAS, J R., JJ., J OINED.

Milburn L. Edwards, Pro Se, Clifton, Tennessee.

Robert E. Cooper, Jr., Attorney General and Reporter, Lacy Wilbur, Assistant Attorney
General; and Mike Bottoms, District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.

                                         OPINION

                                    Factual Background

       A Davidson County Jury convicted Petitioner of twenty-one counts of rape, two
counts of first degree burglary, two counts of aggravated burglary, and one count of each of
the following offenses: second degree burglary, aggravated rape, assault with intent to
commit rape, and robbery. Edwards, 868 S.W.2d at 685. The trial court sentenced Appellant
on December 13, 1991, under the 1982 Sentencing Act. Appellant was sentenced to an
effective sentence of life plus 415 years. Id.

       On appeal to this Court, one of the issues Appellant presented was that the trial court
improperly sentenced him under the 1982 Sentencing Act. Id. at 687. After extensive
analysis, this Court held that the trial court properly sentenced Appellant under the 1982
Sentencing Act. Id. at 701. Appellant’s convictions were affirmed and his sentences were
modified to an effective sentence of life plus seventy-five years and an additional effective
sentence of 120 years. Id. at 705.

      Petitioner subsequently filed an unsuccessful petition for post-conviction relief. This
Court affirmed the denial of the petition on appeal. Milburn L. Edwards, 2003 WL
23014683, at * 1.

        Petitioner filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus on March 4, 2004. Milburn L.
Edwards, 2005 WL 544714, at * 1. The habeas corpus court summarily dismissed the
petition. Id. Petitioner presented several issues. One of the issues presented was “that the
trial court was without jurisdiction to sentence [Petitioner] under the 1982 Sentencing Act
on counts 1 through 8 and 10 . . . .” This Court stated that this issue had been previously
determined on direct appeal and was without merit. Id. at *2.

        Petitioner filed a second petition for writ of habeas corpus relief with the sole issue
that the district attorney failed to endorse the indictments and therefore, his convictions are

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void. Milburn L. Edwards, 2007 WL 152233, at *1. The habeas corpus court summarily
dismissed the petition. Id. This Court affirmed the dismissal. Id. at *2.

       Petitioner filed a third petition for habeas corpus relief on March 15, 2008. Milburn
L. Edwards, 2010 WL 2134156, at *1. The habeas corpus court summarily dismissed the
petition. Id. Once again, Petitioner raised the issue that the trial court should not have
sentenced him under the 1982 Sentencing Act. This Court held that the issue had been
addressed on direct appeal and had also been addressed in Petitioner’s first petition for
habeas corpus. Therefore, the Court held that the argument was without merit. Id. at *2.

       In the case at hand, on June 25, 2010, Petitioner filed a fourth petition for habeas
corpus relief. Petitioner once again attacked his convictions based upon his allegation that
he was impermissibly sentenced under the 1982 Sentencing Act when he should have been
sentenced under the 1989 Sentencing Act. The habeas corpus court summarily dismissed the
petition. Petitioner filed a timely notice of appeal.

                                        ANALYSIS

        On appeal, Petitioner argues that the habeas corpus court erred in dismissing the
petition for writ of habeas corpus. The State argues that the petition was properly dismissed.
The determination of whether to grant habeas corpus relief is a question of law. See
Hickman v. State, 153 S.W.3d 16, 19 (Tenn. 2004). As such, we will review the habeas
corpus court’s findings de novo without a presumption of correctness. Id. Moreover, it is
the petitioner’s burden to demonstrate, by a preponderance of the evidence, “that the sentence
is void or that the confinement is illegal.” Wyatt v. State, 24 S.W.3d 319, 322 (Tenn. 2000).

        Article I, section 15 of the Tennessee Constitution guarantees an accused the right to
seek habeas corpus relief. See Taylor v. State, 995 S.W.2d 78, 83 (Tenn. 1999). A writ of
habeas corpus is available only when it appears on the face of the judgment or the record that
the convicting court was without jurisdiction to convict or sentence the defendant or that the
defendant is still imprisoned despite the expiration of his sentence. Archer v. State, 851
S.W.2d 157, 164 (Tenn. 1993); Potts v. State, 833 S.W.2d 60, 62 (Tenn. 1992). In other
words, habeas corpus relief may be sought only when the judgment is void, not merely
voidable. See Taylor, 995 S.W.2d at 83. “A void judgment ‘is one in which the judgment
is facially invalid because the court lacked jurisdiction or authority to render the judgment
or because the defendant's sentence has expired.’ We have recognized that a sentence
imposed in direct contravention of a statute, for example, is void and illegal.” Stephenson
v. Carlton, 28 S.W.3d 910, 911 (Tenn. 2000) (quoting Taylor, 955 S.W.2d at 83).

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        However, if after a review of the habeas petitioner’s filings the habeas corpus court
determines that the petitioner would not be entitled to relief, then the petition may be
summarily dismissed. T .C.A. § 29–21–109; State ex rel. Byrd v. Bomar, 381 S.W.2d 280,
283 (Tenn. 1964). Further, a habeas corpus court may summarily dismiss a petition for writ
of habeas corpus without the appointment of a lawyer and without an evidentiary hearing if
there is nothing on the face of the judgment to indicate that the convictions addressed therein
are void. Passarella v. State, 891 S.W.2d 619, 627 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1994).

       The procedural requirements for habeas corpus relief are mandatory and must be
scrupulously followed. Summers v. State, 212 S.W.3d 251, 260 (Tenn. 2007); Hickman, 153
S.W.3d at 19–20; Archer, 851 S.W.2d at 165. For the benefit of individuals such as the
petitioner, our legislature has explicitly laid out the formal requirements for a petition for a
writ of habeas corpus at Tennessee Code Annotated section 29–21–107:

       (a) Application for the writ shall be made by petition, signed either by the party
       for whose benefit it is intended, or some person on the petitioner's behalf, and
       verified by affidavit.

       (b) The petition shall state:

       (1) That the person in whose behalf the writ is sought, is illegally restrained of
       liberty, and the person by whom and place where restrained, mentioning the
       name of such person, if known, and, if unknown, describing the person with
       as much particularity as practicable;

       (2) The cause or pretense of such restraint according to the best information
       of the applicant, and if it be by virtue of any legal process, a copy thereof shall
       be annexed, or a satisfactory reason given for its absence;

       (3) That the legality of the restraint has not already been adjudged upon a prior
       proceeding of the same character, to the best of the applicant's knowledge and
       belief; and

       (4) That it is the first application for the writ, or, if a previous application has
       been made, a copy of the petition and proceedings thereon shall be produced,
       or satisfactory reasons be given for the failure so to do.

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A habeas corpus court “properly may choose to summarily dismiss a petition for failing to
comply with the statutory procedural requirements.” Summers, 212 S.W.3d at 260; see also
Hickman, 153 S.W.3d at 21.

       In Milburn L. Edwards v. Cherry Lindamood, No. M2009-01132-CCA-MR3-HC,
2010 WL 2134156 (Tenn. Crim. App., at Nashville, May 27, 2010) this Court stated the
following:

              The Petitioner contends that he should have been sentenced pursuant to
       the 1989 Sentencing Act instead of the 1982 Sentencing Act for several of his
       convictions. The Petitioner believes that he would have received a lesser
       sentence for these convictions under the 1989 Sentencing Act. The State
       responds that this issue has been addressed on direct appeal. We agree with
       the State.

               This issue was fully litigated on direct appeal and was again addressed
       in the Petitioner’s first petition for a writ of habeas corpus. On direct appeal,
       this court noted that the trial court was correct in sentencing the Petitioner in
       accordance with the 1982 Sentencing Act because he would have been
       classified as a career offender and received a greater sentence under the 1989
       Sentencing Act. Edwards, 868 S.W.2d at 701-02. Following the denial of the
       Petitioner’s first petition for a writ of habeas corpus, this court noted that this
       issue was “fully addressed by this court on direct appeal.” Edwards, 2005 WL
544714, at *2. Habeas corpus “proceedings may not be employed to raise and
       relitigate or review questions decided and disposed of in a direct appeal from
       a conviction.” Gant v. State, 507 S.W.2d 133, 137 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1973)
       (citations omitted). Accordingly, we conclude that the Petitioner’s argument
       is without merit and that this issue has already been fully litigated.

Milburn L. Edwards, 2010 WL 2134156, at *2.

       Clearly, this issue has been addressed both on direct appeal and on appeal in one of
Petitioner’s previous petitions. The Tennessee Supreme Court has held that pursuant to the
law of the case doctrine an appellate court may not consider issues that have been previously
determined on appeal:

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       [U]nder the law of the case doctrine, an appellate court’s decision on an issue
       of law is binding in later trials and appeals of the same case if the facts on the
       second trial or appeal are substantially the same as the facts in the first trial or
       appeal. The doctrine applies to issues that were actually before the appellate
       court in the first appeal and to issues that were necessarily decided by
       implication. The doctrine does not apply to dicta.

Memphis Publ’g Co. v. Tenn. Petroleum Underground Storage Tank Bd., 975 S.W.2d 303,
306 (Tenn. 1998) (internal citations omitted); see also Creech v. Addington, 281 S.W.3d 363,
383 (Tenn. 2009). Therefore, we also conclude that this Court has previously determined this
issue. Petitioner has not shown that his judgment is void or that his sentence has expired.
Accordingly, Petitioner is not entitled to relief on this issue.

                                       CONCLUSION

       For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the habeas corpus court is affirmed.

                                             ___________________________________
                                             JERRY L. SMITH, JUDGE

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