Court Opinion

ID: 9373604
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-02-22 16:06:08.702059+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:42.494997
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     CONSTANTINO H. BETILEZ,                         DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         SF-0831-16-0493-I-1

                   v.

     OFFICE OF PERSONNEL                             DATE: July 6, 2022
       MANAGEMENT,
                   Agency.

                THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Rufus F. Nobles, I, Zambales, Philippines, for the appellant.

           Carla Robinson, Washington, D.C., for the agency.

                                           BEFORE

                               Cathy A. Harris, Vice Chairman
                                Raymond A. Limon, Member
                                 Tristan L. Leavitt, Member

                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     affirmed the reconsideration decision of the Office of Personnel Management
     (OPM), denying his request for a Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS)
     annuity.    Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only in the following

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                         2

     circumstances: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of material fact;
     the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation
     or the erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the administrative
     judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial decision were
     not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of discretion, and
     the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and material evidence
     or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due diligence, was not
     available when the record closed. Title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations,
     section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115). After fully considering the filings in this
     appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not established any basis under
     section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review. Therefore, we DENY the
     petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision, which is now the Board’s
     final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113.
¶2         The administrative judge, in an initial decision, found that the appellant
     failed to meet his burden of proving that he was entitled to a CSRS annuity.
     Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 8, Initial Decision (ID). He correctly concluded
     that the appellant’s service between August 1970 and August 1971 was a
     temporary appointment limited to 1 year or less, excluded from Civil Service
     Retirement Act (CSRA) coverage. ID at 5; IAF, Tab 4 at 25, 30 -31; see 5 C.F.R.
     § 831.201(a)(1) (excluding from retirement coverage “[e]mployees serving under
     appointments limited to one year or less, except annuitants appointed by the
     President to fill unexpired terms of office on or after January 1, 1976 . . . ”); see
     also Encarnado v. Office of Personnel Management, 116 M.S.P.R. 301, ¶ 8
     (2011) (recognizing that temporary, intermittent, term, and excepted indefinite
     appointments have been excluded from CSRS coverage).             The administrative
     judge also correctly concluded that the appellant’s subsequent service in an
     indefinite, excepted-service position from August 1971 to February 1991 was
     similarly excluded from CSRA coverage. ID at 5; IAF, Tab 4 at 24 -25, 30; see
                                                                                            3

     5 C.F.R. § 831.201(a)(13) (excluding indefinite employees from CSRS coverage);
     see also Encarnado, 116 M.S.P.R. 301, ¶ 8.
¶3         On review, the appellant reasserts that he is covered by the CSRS for a
     portion of his service, between 1971 and 1982, regardless of the nature of his
     appointments and despite his failure to contribute to the Civil Service Retirement
     and Disability Fund (the Fund). Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1 at 6. He
     argues that 5 C.F.R. § 831.303(a) retroactively implemented automatic coverage
     under the CSRS for all Federal employees who rendered service between July
     1920 and September 1982.        Id. at 1-7.    As the administrative judge correctly
     found, the appellant’s reliance on section 831.303(a) is misplaced. 2 ID at 8-10.
     Two types of Federal service are pertinent to determining whether an individual is
     entitled to a CSRS retirement annuity, “creditable service” and “covered service.”
     Encarnado, 116 M.S.P.R. 301, ¶ 7.             Almost all Federal civilian service is
     creditable service, but covered service is more limited in scope, referring to the
     status of Federal employees who are subject to the CSRS and are thus required to
     deposit part of their basic pay into the Fund.        Id.   Completion of 5 years of
     creditable civilian service, ending with at least 1 out of the last 2 years in a
     position covered by the CSRS, is a prerequisite for a civil service retirement
     annuity.   Id.   The regulation the appellant relies on, 5 C.F.R. § 831.303(a),
     addresses whether service is creditable. It does not convert noncovered service ,
     such as the appellant’s, into covered service nor does it otherwise render him
     eligible for a CSRS annuity.

     2
       To the extent that the appellant suggests, in the alternative, that he should be
     permitted to make a deposit under 5 C.F.R. § 831.112(a) for his past service to receive a
     CSRS annuity, PFR File, Tab 1 at 8-9, the administrative judge correctly noted that he
     does not meet the requirements to do so, ID at 6 n.5. The appellant does not satisfy the
     definition of “employee” in 5 C.F.R. § 831.112, which sets forth those eligible to make
     a deposit to the Fund under 5 U.S.C. § 8334. See Dela Rosa v. Office of Personnel
     Management, 583 F.3d 762, 764-65 (Fed. Cir. 2009); Muyco v. Office of Personnel
     Management, 114 M.S.P.R. 694, ¶ 13 (2010).
                                                                                           4

¶4         After fully considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the
     petitioner has not established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the
     petition for review. Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM
     the initial decision, which is now the Board’s final decision.               5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.113.

                              NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 3
           You may obtain review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By
     statute, the nature of your claims determines the time limit for seeking such
     review and the appropriate forum with which to file.              5 U.S.C. § 7703(b).
     Although we offer the following summary of available appeal rights, the Merit
     Systems Protection Board does not provide legal advice on which option is most
     appropriate for your situation and the rights described below do not represent a
     statement of how courts will rule regarding which cases fall within their
     jurisdiction.   If you wish to seek review of this final decision, you should
     immediately review the law applicable to your claims and carefully follow all
     filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file within the applicable time
     limit may result in the dismissal of your case by your chosen forum.
           Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review
     below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions
     about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you
     should contact that forum for more information.

           (1) Judicial review in general. As a general rule, an appellant seeking
     judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.
     Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court

     3
       Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated
     the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the
     Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.
                                                                                         5

within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision.                5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(A).
      If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal   Circuit,   you   must   submit   your   petition    to   the   court    at   the
following address:
                              U.S. Court of Appeals
                              for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                             Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

      (2) Judicial   or    EEOC    review    of   cases      involving    a   claim     of
discrimination. This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you
were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action
was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain
judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination
claims—by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court ( not the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you
receive this decision.      5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems
Protection Board, 582 U.S. ____ , 137 S. Ct. 1975 (2017).                If you have a
representative in this case, and your representative receives this decision before
                                                                                  6

you do, then you must file with the district court no later than 30 calendar days
after your representative receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of
discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling
condition, you may be entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and
to waiver of any requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security. See
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.
      Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at their respective
websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.
      Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding
all other issues. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the
EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive
this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives
this decision.
      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the
address of the EEOC is:
                         Office of Federal Operations
                  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                               P.O. Box 77960
                          Washington, D.C. 20013

      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or
by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:
                         Office of Federal Operations
                  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                              131 M Street, N.E.
                                Suite 5SW12G
                          Washington, D.C. 20507
                                                                                      7

      (3) Judicial    review     pursuant    to   the   Whistleblower       Protection
Enhancement Act of 2012. This option applies to you only if you have raised
claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or
other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).
If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s
disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in
section 2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or
2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial
review either with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court
of appeals of competent jurisdiction. 4 The court of appeals must receive your
petition for review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision.
5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(B).
      If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the
following address:
                                U.S. Court of Appeals
                                for the Federal Circuit
                               717 Madison Place, N.W.
                               Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Feder al
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.

4
   The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain
whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on
December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on
July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file peti tions for judicial review of
MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.
The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to Novemb er 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115-195,
132 Stat. 1510.
                                                                              8

      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.
      Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their
respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.

FOR THE BOARD:                            /s/ for
                                          Jennifer Everling
                                          Acting Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.