Court Opinion

ID: 4704809
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-07-20 14:01:39.47707+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:05:35.700575
License: Public Domain

NOT PRECEDENTIAL

             UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                  FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                        __________

                            No. 20-1177
                            __________

AMA REALTY LLC, a New Jersey based Limited Liability Corporation,
                                    Appellant

                                 v.

9440 FAIRVIEW AVENUE LLC; NORTH BERGEN ASPHALT LLC;
        JOSEPH M. SANZARI, INC; JOSEPH M. SANZARI;
      TIMOTHY MURRAY, Jointly, severally, and Individually;
           TILCON NEW YORK, INC.; JOHN DOES 1-5

                                 v.

 MILLENIUM RESOURCE RECOVERY, LTD.; PERFECT BODY &
    FENDERS CO., INC.; LIBERTY CONSTRUCTION CORP.;
             LIBERTY CONTRACTING CORP.
                        __________

          On Appeal from the United States District Court
                  for the District of New Jersey
                    (D.C. No. 2-13-cv-00457)
          Honorable John M. Vazquez, U.S. District Judge
                           __________

            Submitted Under Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a)
                         on July 9, 2021

    Before: SHWARTZ, KRAUSE, and RENDELL, Circuit Judges

                   (Opinion filed: July 20, 2021)
                                       __________

                                        OPINION*
                                       __________
KRAUSE, Circuit Judge.

        AMA Realty LLC appeals the District Court’s order granting summary judgment in

favor of Appellees 9440 Fairview Avenue LLC, North Bergen Asphalt LLC, Joseph M.

Sanzari, Inc., Joseph Sanzari, and Timothy Murray on AMA’s claims under the Racketeer

Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”), 18 U.S.C. § 1961 et seq. Because

AMA failed to establish a genuine issue of material fact as to its claims, we will affirm.

   I.       Discussion1

        A plaintiff asserting a RICO claim “must show ‘(1) conduct (2) of an enterprise (3)

through a pattern (4) of racketeering activity.’” Warden v. McLelland, 288 F.3d 105, 114

(3d Cir. 2002) (quoting Sedima, S.P.R.L. v. Imrex Co., 473 U.S. 479, 496 (1985)). AMA’s

appeal fails on this fourth element. That is, although the racketeering activity alleged by

AMA—mail fraud in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1341—does appear on the “list of criminal

activities that constitute predicate acts for purposes of RICO,” id.; see 18 U.S.C.

§ 1961(1)(B), AMA has not shown, as it must, that the mailings were made in furtherance

        *
        This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does
not constitute binding precedent.
        1
         The District Court had jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1367(a), and we
have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review a grant of summary judgment de
novo, see Goldenstein v. Repossessors Inc., 815 F.3d 142, 146 (3d Cir. 2016), and will
affirm if, viewing the facts in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, “there is
no genuine dispute as to any material fact” such that the movant is “entitled to judgment
as a matter of law,” Fed R. Civ. P. 56(a); see Kelly v. Borough of Carlisle, 622 F.3d 248,
253 (3d Cir. 2010).
                                             2
of a “scheme . . . to defraud,” 18 U.S.C. § 1341; Tabas v. Tabas, 47 F.3d 1280, 1294 (3d

Cir. 1995).

       According to AMA, Appellees defrauded both AMA and the New Jersey

Department of Environmental Protection (“NJDEP”) by agreeing in their lease to use

AMA’s property only for construction equipment storage when, in fact, they intended to

unlawfully dump hazardous materials on the property, by filing an application for a Class

B recycling license with NJDEP with the same intent to unlawfully dump, and by filing

reports with NJDEP that failed to disclose the amount of residual waste taken in annually.

The District Court, however, found that AMA had provided no evidence that Appellees’

conduct was intended to or did defraud either AMA or NJDEP and concluded that, because

AMA had failed to establish a genuine issue of material fact as to its RICO claims,

summary judgment was appropriate. AMA Realty LLC v. 9440 Fairview Avenue LLC, No.

130457, 2017 WL 6728641, at *5-6 (D.N.J. Dec. 29, 2017).

       We perceive no error in the District Court’s ruling. With regard to the alleged

scheme to defraud AMA, AMA provided no evidence that there was a scheme to defraud,

that Appellees’ alleged misrepresentations concerning their intended use of the property

amounted to more than a breach of contract, or that the dumping was concealed or carried

out surreptitiously.2 To the contrary, AMA’s principal noticed the dumping during an

       2
         Appellees argue that AMA could not establish mail fraud in any event because
the mailings were merely rent checks sent in the ordinary course of business and were not
fraudulent in and of themselves. But our case law imposes no such requirement; rather,
routine and innocent documents can be used as part of a scheme to defraud. See Schmuck
v. United States, 489 U.S. 705, 711-12 (1989) (finding that routine mailings may satisfy
the mailing element of the mail fraud offenses); Kehr Packages, Inc. v. Fidelcor, Inc.,
                                            3
inspection and later testified that he was not lied to and did not rely on any

misrepresentations.

         Nor did AMA provide evidence of a scheme to defraud NJDEP. As the District

Court observed, Appellees’ permit application cannot establish a scheme to defraud

NJDEP because it was mailed in 1991, fifteen years before the alleged scheme began. See

United States v. Cross, 128 F.3d 145, 150 (3d Cir. 1997). Similarly, during the relevant

time period, NJDEP’s reporting forms did not have a section to include residual waste

information, and NJDEP was able to obtain this information when it regularly inspected

Appellees’ premises, including the residual waste container.

         Because AMA did not establish a genuine issue of material fact as to the existence

of a mail fraud scheme, AMA’s RICO claim fails as a matter of law.3

   II.       Conclusion

         For the foregoing reasons, we will affirm the judgment of the District Court.

926 F.2d 1406, 1416 n.3 (3d Cir. 1991) (citation omitted) (finding that mail fraud can be
predicated on mailings which are “designed to lull the victims into a false sense of
security”).
         3
         We have also examined AMA’s arguments concerning the weight we accord to
the District Court’s opinion denying Appellees’ motion to dismiss and Appellees’ alleged
failure to submit an affidavit or declaration to support their summary judgment motion
and conclude that they lack merit. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 56 (providing the standard for
evaluating a summary judgment motion and explaining the documents acceptable as
evidence at the summary judgment stage). Because AMA’s RICO claim fails, so does its
derivative claim for RICO conspiracy. See Lightning Lube, Inc. v. Witco Corp., 4 F.3d
1153, 1191 (3d Cir. 1993).
                                              4