Court Opinion

ID: 1073213
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 19:56:52.146922+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:01:21.481943
License: Public Domain

COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                           AT NASHVILLE
                                  January 14, 2003 Session

               STATE OF TENNESSEE v. TERRY WAYNE LUNA

                      Appeal from the Circuit Court for Warren County
                          No. F-8040    Charles D. Haston, Judge

                  No. M2001-02752-CCA-R3-CD - Filed February 26, 2003

The Defendant, Terry Wayne Luna, was convicted by a jury of aggravated sexual battery. He was
sentenced to twenty years in the Department of Correction. In this direct appeal, he argues that the
trial court erred in overruling his motion for a mistrial because the Defendant was unduly prejudiced
by a non-responsive answer to a question asked by defense counsel on cross-examination. We affirm
the judgment of the trial court.

       Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Trial Court Affirmed

DAVID H. WELLES, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which THOMAS T. WOODA LL and
ROBERT W. WEDEMEYER , JJ., joined.

Aubrey Harper, McMinnville, Tennessee, for the appellant, Terry Wayne Luna.

Paul G. Summers, Attorney General and Reporter; Renee W. Turner, Assistant Attorney General;
Dale Potter, District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.

                                            OPINION

        Following a jury trial, the Defendant was convicted of one count of aggravated sexual battery
committed against his former step-daughter. At the time of the offense, the eleven-year-old victim
and the forty-year-old defendant resided in the same household . The evidence presented by the State
established that the Defendant entered the victim’s bedroom late one evening. He asked her to tell
him in explicit terms that she wanted to engage in sexual intercourse and have oral sex with him.
He fondled her breasts and rubbed his hand between her legs. After the victim began crying, the
Defendant left the room. The victim immediately reported the incident to her brother and also
reported the incident to her mother that night as soon as her mother returned home from work. The
victim’s mother testified that the Defendant told her that everything the victim said was true. In
addition, the Defendant gave a written statement to law enforcement officers in which he stated that
he had been smoking marijuana and taking some pills prior to the time he went to the victim’s room.
He stated he lost control, started talking to her in a sexual nature, and suggested that she have sex
with him. In the statement he also admitted that he touched the victim on her breast, but said that
he did not remember touching her anywhere else.

        During trial, the victim’s brother testified concerning the night that the victim told him that
she had been sexually assaulted by the Defendant. During defense counsel’s cross-examination of
this witness, the following exchange took place:

       QUESTION: And did you ever know of any other sexual type episodes that took place?
       ANSWER: One night we were at the bowling alley and it was me and [the Defendant]
                 and one of my other brothers and sister, and mom came in there and took me
                 and my brothers and sister and drug us outside and was cussing [the
                 Defendant] and said she found a notice where he had molested one of his
                 other sons or something like that. I don’t know, but I believe that’s what it
                 was. I’m not for sure.

        Defense counsel objected to the question as “non-responsive.” The trial judge sustained the
objection and immediately advised the jury to disregard the answer. Defense counsel then stated to
the witness “my question to you was do you know of any other episodes with [the victim] and [the
Defendant]? The witness answered “no.” The Defendant subsequently moved for a mistrial,
asserting that the initial answer by the witness was unresponsive, damaging to the Defendant, and
prejudicial to the extent that a mistrial was warranted. The trial court denied the motion for a
mistrial. The sole issue presented in this appeal is whether the trial court erred in refusing to grant
the Defendant a mistrial based upon the witness’s alleged non-responsive and prejudicial answer to
the question posed by defense counsel.

         Before we address the merits of the issue, we must note that the brief filed on behalf of the
Defendant cites no authority to support his argument that the trial court erred by not granting a
mistrial. The brief does not refer to a single statute, case, rule, or any other authority in support of
his request for relief. Because the Defendant has failed to cite authority to support his argument, the
issue is waived. See Tenn. Ct. Crim. App. R. 10(b); State v. Killebrew, 760 S.W.2d 228, 231 (Tenn.
Crim. App. 1988).

       Nevertheless, we will briefly address the merits of the Defendant’s argument. A mistrial
should be declared only when there is a manifest necessity which requires such action. See State v.
Millbrooks, 819 S.W.2d 441, 443 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1991). The decision to grant a mistrial is
within the sound discretion of the trial court, and this Court will not disturb the trial court’s
determination unless a clear abuse of discretion appears on the record. See State v. McPherson, 882
S.W.2d 365, 370 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1994).

       In reviewing a trial court’s decision denying a mistrial, this Court recently stated:
       When determining whether a mistrial is necessary after a witness had injected
       improper testimony, this court has often considered: (1) whether the improper
       testimony resulted from questioning by the State, rather than having been a gratuitous

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       declaration; (2) the relative strength or weakness of the State’s proof; and (3) whether
       the trial court promptly gave a curative instruction.

State v. Paul Hayes, No. W2001-02637-CCA-R3-CD, 2002 Tenn. Crim. App. LEXIS 1043, at *11-
12 (Jackson, Dec. 6, 2002).

        Here, we note that the testimony complained of resulted from a question asked by defense
counsel, the proof presented by the State was relatively strong, and the trial court promptly gave a
curative instruction. In addition, at the conclusion of all of the proof, the trial court instructed the
jury as follows:

                I would like to think everything we do here is important to the administration
        of courts and justice. Some things are essential. One thing is, when I ask you to
        disregard an answer by a witness or even a question asked, but especially when I ask
        you to disregard an answer, you must do exactly that. Whatever that answer is, you
        cannot consider it in any way, nor let it play any part whatsoever in the determination
        of your verdict.
                Do you understand what the emphasis I’m placing on that because I especially
        want you to? We don’t want to commit error here that might result in the reversal
        of the case. I’m being especially interested in telling you once again to disregard any
        answer or question that I told you to.

        We must presume that the jury followed the trial court’s emphatic instructions not to consider
the witness’s inappropriate statement. See State v. Smith, 893 S.W.2d 908, 923 (Tenn. 1994); see
also State v. Woods, 806 S.W.2d 205, 211 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1990).

      Accordingly, we conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying the
Defendant’s motion for a mistrial. The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

                                                        ___________________________________
                                                        DAVID H. WELLES, JUDGE

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