Court Opinion

ID: 9832257
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-09-01 21:46:02.877333+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T07:43:44.863165
License: Public Domain

MOURSUND, J.
This is an appeal from a judgment rendered upon a cross-bill filed by Dorothea Dignowity (now Dorothea Currier) and Hallie B. Dignowity in a suit which was instituted against them by Southwest Baptist Hospital to remove cloud from the title to a block of land in the city of San Antonio, which the hospital had purchased from Imogene T. Hambleton, appellant herein, paying part cash and giving vendor’s lien notes for the balance. Appellees filed this cross-bill impleading appellant. Upon a former trial judgment was rendered for the hospital removing the cloud from its title, which judgment was affirmed upon the former appeal of this case, reported in 172 S. W. 574, but the judgment which had been rendered upon the cross-bill was reversed and the cause, as to said cross-bill, remanded. The mandate was filed in the trial court on November 1, 1915. On December 10, 1915, appellant filed an amended answer. On February 16, 1916, appellant renewed and re-urged her plea of privilege, and the same was overruled. A trial was had before a jury, and upon the answer of the jury to a special issue, judgment was rendered that appellees are entitled to a part of the purchase money of said property, and that each recover of and from appellant and the hospital the sum of $5,715, and foreclosing a vendor’s lien for the payment of such amounts.
There is no controversy concerning the pleadings, so it will suffice to say that the issue made thereby is well stated in the special issue submitted to the jury, viz:
“At the time the two deeds of January 16,' 1907, were signed, acknowledged, and delivered by Amanda J. Dignowity to Imog'ene T. Ham-bleton, was it, or not, agreed and understood between them that the said Imogene T. Hamble-ton should hold three corner lots out of block 10 in trust for each of said Amanda J. Digno-wity’s granddaughters. Dorothea Dignowity, Hallie B. Dignowity, and Helen Hambleton, each to have a corner lot as described in the answer of Dorothea and Hallie B. Dignowity, so that she (the said Imogene T. Hambleton) would have power to sell said lots, and pay over the proceeds to said grandchildren?”
The first assignment of error reads as follows:
“The court erred to the prejudice of this defendant in overruling and denying the plea of privilege of this defendant to be sued only in Harris county, Tex.”
Appellant filed a plea of privilege, which was overruled on November 10, 1913, and upon the former appeal an assignment complaining of such ruling was overruled. After the mandate was issued, appellant, on February 16, 1916, amended and again pleaded her privilege to be sued in the county of her residence, which plea was also overruled. The ruling upon the renewed plea cannot be complained of because the cause was continued generally at the December term, and an application for a continuance was filed by appellant during, and passed upon at, the February term prior to filing said plea of privilege. By these acts the right to thereafter file and urge a plea of privilege was waived. It may well be doubted whether appellant was entitled to again raise the question of her privilege to be sued in the county of her residence, but if she was, her plea could not have any better standing than if the cause had been instituted at the time the mandate .reached the district court, and by the acts above mentioned, which occurred after the cause was again pending in the trial court, she waived such plea. The assignment is overruled.
The court did not err in admitting in evidence a deed of gift from Mrs. Amanda J. Dignowity to appellant, dated November 17, 1879, conveying a large number of lots. The objection was that this deed did not tend to *866show that deeds executed 20 years later were intended in part as a trust. In view of the fact that appellant introduced testimony to the effect that her mother had stated that she had helped her sons, the fathers of appellees, along in their business ventures, and that she considered she had given them all that was coming to them out of her estate, it appears to us that it was proper to permit ap-pellees to show that their grandmother had also helped appellant by giving her many lots.
Appellant complains of the admission of the testimony of H. L. Dignowity to the effect that Amanda J. Dignowity made a statement to him after the execution and delivery by her of the deeds to'appellant, to the effect that she wanted appellees to have “what she had given them prior” and had made the deeds to appellant with the understanding that) by handling it all in her name perhaps she would be able to borrow money or settle up better. This testimony was objected to on the ground that the declarations of the grantor, made after the execution of the deeds, and not in the presence of the grantee, are inadmissible for the purpose of-ingrafting a parol trust upon said deeds1. This objection was overruled, as is apparent from the qualification to the bill of exceptions, on the ground that testimony had been introduced to the effect that said grantor was in actual control and possession of the premises at the time such declarations were made. Upon the former appeal this testimony was1 held inadmissible, and also the testimony of H. L. Dignowity to the effect that his mother had control of the property up to the time of her death, which was objected to solely on the ground that it was the conclusion of the witness. It is apparent from the opinion that this court held that the continuation by Mrs. Dignowity of her residence upon the premises did not make the testimony admissible, but as the character of the possession was stated, and the objection to the testimony of I-I. D. Dignowity to the effect that his mother had control of the property up to the time of her death was sustained on the only ground urged, and therefore no other was discussed, the trial court evidently understood that there might be such character of possession retained by a grantor as would make declarations admissible, though made after execution and delivery of deeds. We did not so hold, but if there could be such possession, we conclude it is not shown by the facts of this case. The deeds were delivered on January 16, 1907. Mrs. Dignowity was 87 years of age, and, according to I-I. D. Dignowity’s testimony, in a dying condition from that date to January 27,1907, the date of her death. Such witness when interrogated in regard to her activities evaded questions, and the substance of his testimony was that she once told him to see if one of the servants did his work, and he thought his mother had asked him upon one occasion to get some meat. Mrs. Dignowity elected to stay with her daughter during the few days remaining to her, and the trivial matters testified about did not tend to show that she still considered herself the owner of the premises. W!e do not believe that possession and absolute control of premises by the grantor would in a case like this justify the admission of declarations in disparagement of the grantee’s title. It is true that in fraud eases it is held that possession will have that effect, but possession by the grant- or is an indication that title has not passed from him, and when his creditors attack his conveyance for fraud, they can introduce his declarations which also tend to show that he is merely concealing his property. Mrs. Dig-nowity’s retention of possession could not tend in the slightest degree to show any title or right in her granddaughters, and no reason can be urged why her declarations in disparagement of her grantee’s title should be admitted.
In view of this conclusion, we hold that H. D. Dignowity’s testimony in regard to the acts relied upon to show exercise of control over the place by her was not admissible, and sustain the third and fifth assignments. Said last-mentioned testimony is objected to upon this appeal, not only on the theory that it consisted of conclusions, but upon the ground that it was irrelevant and immaterial in that it did not tend to prove the existence of a trust.
The testimony of H. L. Dignowity cannot be held harmless on the ground that similar testimony was admitted without objection, for it is not clear that Mrs. Purkiss intended to say that any statement was made to her after the deed was executed. In fact, her testimony was construed by us on the former appeal to relate solely to declarations made prior to the execution of the deed. The fourth and fourteenth assignments are overruled.
The sixth assignment is sustained. Appellant’s knowledge of the provisions in the will of her mother, • executed in 1903, concerning the payment of $1,000 to each granddaughter, did not tend to prove the existence of a trust under deeds made in 1907. Appel-lees contend this was admissible in impeachment of appellant’s statement that she had never heard of appellees’ claim until 1913. They lose sight of the fact that appellant’s knowledge of the provisions in the will could not possibly apprise her of the fact that the granddaughters claimed that appellant under deeds made in 1907 held certain lots in trust for appellees.
The seventh assignment is also sustained.
The eighth assignment is overruled. The plat and deeds, as well as the statements made by Mrs. Dignowity prior to 1903, were all admissible, for they showed that at one *867time Mrs. Dignowity intended for the appel-lees to have the lots which they claim are held in trust for them. In view of the will of 1903, such evidence was of only slight probative value, yet the very fact that such an intention existed at one time is a circumstance which shows probability that she might again adopt such intention and therefore admissible.
By the thirteenth assignment complaint is made of the judgment in so far as it was rendered against the hospital for the sums awarded appellees, and for foreclosure of the vendor’s lien against the block of land. We believe the complaint is well founded in so far as the'judgment awards appellees a foreclosure of lien. The hospital has not complained of .the judgment.
By various appropriate assignments appellants raise the issue as to the sufficiency of the evidence to establish the trust pleaded. The evidence is not exactly the same as upon the former appeal, but the really important features are the same, and the views expressed at that time with reference thereto are still held by us.
The judgment is reversed, and the cause remanded.