Court Opinion

ID: 8206902
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-09-16 14:06:53.888027+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:41:20.500315
License: Public Domain

RENDERED: SEPTEMBER 9, 2022; 10:00 A.M.
                       NOT TO BE PUBLISHED

                Commonwealth of Kentucky
                          Court of Appeals

                              NO. 2021-CA-0101-MR

RONNY D. WALKER, SR.                                                  APPELLANT

                 APPEAL FROM FRANKLIN CIRCUIT COURT
v.               HONORABLE PHILLIP J. SHEPHERD, JUDGE
                         ACTION NO. 19-CI-01263

KATHLEEN KENNEY                                                         APPELLEE

                                    OPINION
                                   AFFIRMING

                                  ** ** ** ** **

BEFORE: JONES, MAZE, AND TAYLOR, JUDGES.

TAYLOR, JUDGE: Ronny D. Walker, Sr., pro se, bring this appeal from a

September 22, 2020, Order, of the Franklin Circuit Court dismissing his Petition

for Declaration of Rights relating to his institutional inmate financial account. We

affirm.

             Walker is currently an inmate at the Western Kentucky Correctional

Complex in Fredonia, Kentucky. This appeal arises from two grievances he filed
relating to his inmate financial account. The first involves the Northpoint Training

Center’s (NTC) deduction of $46.80 from his account to satisfy a lien for copy

charges incurred by Walker at the Eastern Kentucky Correctional Complex

(EKCC), where he was previously housed. The second involves the denial of

Walker’s request to transfer money from his inmate account to a personal bank

account he maintained outside the institution.

               Regarding the first grievance, on June 18, 2018, Walker submitted an

“Inmate Account Problem” form in which he claimed $46.80 was taken out of his

institutional account for copy fees he did not owe. A day later, he received a

response stating there was no error and the $46.80 was deducted from his account

per the Department of Corrections’ Policies and Procedures (CPP) 15.7 when he

made a deposit.1 The response explained the deduction was for a copy lien placed

on his account while he was at EKCC.

               Unsatisfied with the response, Walker filed grievance 18-340 on June

29, 2018, claiming he had previously paid all fees for which liens had been

imposed. The grievance was denied by NTC at the informal resolution stage for

the same reasons. He then appealed to NTC’s grievance committee, which

investigated the matter and unanimously agreed with the informal resolution.

1
 Specifically, Department of Corrections Policies and Procedures 15.7(II)(D)(1) states that “[i]f
an inmate owes the institution money or restitution, incoming funds to the inmate’s account shall
be applied to outstanding debts or freezes.”

                                               -2-
Walker then appealed to the warden, who concurred with the informal resolution

and the grievance committee’s decision. Finally, Walker appealed to the

commissioner of the Department of Corrections, who also agreed with NTC’s

resolution of the grievance.

                Walker followed a similar process regarding his second grievance2 in

which he contested the warden’s August 21, 2019, denial of his request to transfer

$10 from his institutional account to a personal bank account he maintained

outside the institution. This outside account was subject to certain maintenance

fees. Walker requested the transfer to avoid a negative balance in the outside

account. By this time, Walker was housed at the Luther Luckett Correctional

Complex (LLCC).

                Walker’s request was denied.3 It was explained to Walker during the

grievance process that pursuant to CPP 15.7, only the warden can authorize money

to be sent out of the facility beyond the reasons listed in CPP 15.7(II)(B), which

states in relevant part:

2
    Ronny D. Walker, Sr.’s, second grievance was assigned number 19-626.
3
  The resolution of Walker’s second grievance concluded with Commissioner Kathleen Kenney’s
October 28, 2019, letter in which she determined that Luther Luckett Correctional Complex had
complied with Department of Corrections Policies and Procedures 15.7 in denying his request to
transfer money outside the institution. At some point during the resolution of Walker’s second
grievance, Walker also complained that the warden never returned his bank book. The
commissioner explained that if Walker believed the warden failed to return his bank book, he
would need to file a separate grievance.

                                              -3-
              2. Money of any dollar amount shall not be sent outside
              the institution except for:

                 a. Purchase of authorized items or periodicals from
                    vendors approved by the Department;

                 b. Payment of restitution, child support, Crime
                    Victim’s compensation or other court-ordered
                    deductions or fees; or

                 c. An exception approved by the warden or designee
                    on a case-by-case basis.

              Walker then filed a Petition for Declaration of Rights in Franklin

Circuit Court on December 27, 2019. He filed the Petition against Respondents

Kathleen Kenney and Scott Jordan. Kenney was the commissioner of the

Kentucky Department of Corrections, and Jordan was the warden of LLCC. In his

Petition, Walker alleged, among other things:4

              On the 3 day of 2019, the Petitioner was found guilty of
              the following offenses as a prison disciplinary hearing:
              LLCC: Grievance #19-626: N.T.C. #018-340:

              ...

              Petitioner: Amount Due-0-Balances Dee/?

Walker requested the following relief:

              I am requesting for Inmate accounts to place the money
              back into my account and abide? Corrections Policy and
              procedure, KOMS automatically deducts from three,
              institution EKCC, Northpoint, LLCC: Deposits money

4
 Our quotations from Walker’s Petition for Declaration of Rights reflect the language and
punctuation used by Walker in his Petition.

                                              -4-
             back that they taking more money than what they were
             required to take. I Need my back into my
             “COMMERCIAL BANK_WEST LIBERTY” My
             Savings?

Attached to his Petition were copies of his grievances and the responses to them.

             Kenney and Jordan responded to the Petition with a motion to dismiss

pursuant to Kentucky Rule of Civil Procedure (CR) 12.02. They argued Walker’s

Petition should be dismissed because it failed to state a claim or, alternatively,

because they responded properly to his grievances. They further argued Walker

failed to provide evidence that the $46.80 deduction from his account was

somehow improper.

             On March 11, 2020, the circuit court entered an order holding the

motion to dismiss in abeyance for sixty days to provide Walker an opportunity to

amend his Petition and to submit evidence showing he had previously paid off the

copy lien, as he claimed. In response, Walker made two filings, both of which are

essentially incomprehensible. Specifically, on March 23, 2020, Walker filed a

“Motion.” Attached to his filing are approximately eighty pages of documents,

including account statements, correspondence, fee statements, unrelated court

documents, and documents relating to a copyright claim. Walker then filed an

“Order” on May 14, 2020.

             In its September 22, 2020, Order, the circuit court granted Kenney’s

and Jordan’s motion to dismiss. It found that Walker’s request to send money

                                          -5-
outside the facility was properly denied pursuant to CPP 15.7. It further found that

while some of Walker’s records evidenced deductions for copy fees, none showed

that the copy charges were duplicative or that the deductions were for previously

satisfied liens. The circuit court ruled that Walker failed to plead sufficient facts to

prevent his Petition from being dismissed.

                 Walker then filed a “Motion Cases History” on October 1, 2020. The

circuit court construed Walker’s filing as a motion to alter, amend, or vacate under

CR 59.05 and subsequently denied Walker’s motion in an Order entered on

November 24, 2020. This appeal follows.5

                 Before we consider the merits of this appeal, we are compelled to

address deficiencies in Walker’s brief.6 While these deficiencies were not brought

to our attention by Kenney, we find Walker’s failure to conform to CR 76.12

difficult to ignore.

                 For example, while Walker attempted to provide a statement of points

and authorities as required by CR 76.12(4)(c)(iii), we are unable to decipher from

Walker’s statement any argument relating to this appeal.7 Similarly, Walker

5
    In his notice of appeal, Walker named only “Kathleen Kenney, et al.” as an appellee.
6
    Walker titled his Appellant’s brief “Brief for Commonwealth.”
7
  Specifically, for Walker’s statement of points and authorities, which he states is his
“counterstatement” of points and authorities, Walker lists three arguments. Walker’s arguments,
which we quote using the language and punctuation he uses in his Appellant’s brief, are as
follows:

                                                 -6-
attempted to provide a statement of the case, but his statement fails to include a

chronological summary of the facts and procedural events necessary for this Court

to understand the issues presented, and it does not contain a single reference to the

record in this appeal.8 CR 76.12(4)(c)(iv). Importantly, Walker failed to identify

anything in the record supporting his claim that he had already paid the $46.80 that

was deducted from his institutional account. Walker’s brief also contains no

substantive argument conforming to his statement of points and authorities.9 CR

76.12(4)(c)(v). In addition, the argument in Walker’s brief fails to reference the

record, fails to cite any relevant authority, and fails to show whether the issues he

argued were preserved for our review. See id.

               I. Walker’s Amended Complaint (Doc. # 10) is DISMISSED
               WITH PREJUDICE; Walker v. Commonwealth, 349 S.W.3d 307,
               309 (Ky. 2022),

               II. Kentucky Court of Appeals, Judge Phillips of the Morgan
               Circuit Court, and Kathy Litteral, Warden of EKCC. Id. at 1-2.,
               CR 60.02; motion.

               III. (Doc. # 10 at 2-4). For relief, Walker asks the Court to vacate
               the judgment against him, and to strike “the appellee brief”. No.
               16-CI-47 (Morgan. Cir Ct. 2016) .(CRIMINAL ACTION NO.
               0:16-cr . . . HRW;)[.]
8
 Walker’s statement of the case, which he states is his “counterstatement” of the case, consists
of six pages of mostly unintelligible information relating to his conviction.
9
 Walker’s argument is found on page 7 of his brief. The only argument listed by Walker in the
argument section of his brief is titled: “THE TRIAL COURT PROPERLY DENIED
WALKER”S CR 60.02 MOTION.” This argument is not listed in his statement of points and
authorities, and there is no Kentucky Rules of Civil Procedure (CR) 60.02 motion at issue in this
appeal.

                                               -7-
              These are just some of Walker’s failures to comply with CR 76.12.

Walker’s brief is functionally equivalent to not filing a brief at all, and we would

be well within our discretion to strike his brief and to dismiss this appeal. CR

76.12(8)(a); CR 73.02(2)(a); Commonwealth v. Roth, 567 S.W.3d 591, 595 (Ky.

2019). We recognize, however, that Walker is proceeding in this appeal pro se and

have elected not to strike his brief and have otherwise afforded him substantial

leniency in attempting to discern the issues and arguments raised on appeal.

Beechman v. Commonwealth, 657 S.W.2d 234, 236 (Ky. 1983).10 We have,

therefore, reviewed the record on appeal in order to ascertain the relevant facts and

to address the issues raised by Walker as fully as possible, given the limitations

that are created as a result of Walker’s incomprehensible briefs. We continue with

our review and analysis accordingly.

              CR 12.02 provides in relevant part that “[i]f, on a motion asserting the

defense that the pleading fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted,

matters outside the pleading are presented to and not excluded by the court, the

motion shall be treated as one for summary judgment and disposed of as provided

10
  We note that Walker initially tendered his brief on April 1, 2021. It was returned by the Clerk
of Court because it was deficient. Walker was informed of the ways his brief was deficient.
Walker also tendered documents to the Clerk on April 26, 2021, that failed to comply with CR
76.12 and could not be filed as his Appellant’s brief. In an Order entered April 28, 2021, Walker
was ordered to show cause why his appeal should not be dismissed because of his failures to file
a brief that substantially complied with CR 76.12. Walker responded, stating he had insufficient
access to the institution’s law library due to COVID-19 restrictions. Walker also twice requested
additional time to file his Appellant’s brief, and additional time was granted.

                                              -8-
in Rule 56, and all parties shall be given reasonable opportunity to present all

material made pertinent to such a motion by Rule 56.” See also D.F. Bailey, Inc.,

v. GRW Engineers, Inc., 350 S.W.3d 818, 821 (Ky. App. 2011) (“However,

reliance on matters outside the pleadings by the court effectively converts a motion

to dismiss into a motion for summary judgment.”) (citations omitted).

             As stated above, Walker attached to his Petition documents relating to

his grievances. Also, in response to Kenney’s and Jordan’s motion to dismiss for

failure to state a claim, the circuit court gave Walker an additional sixty days to

present material evidencing that he had already paid the $46.80 at issue here. It is

clear from the circuit court’s September 22, 2020, Order that it considered all

documents submitted by Walker in making its ruling, effectively converting the

motion to dismiss into a motion for summary judgment. We, therefore, review the

circuit court’s order as one granting summary judgment.

             An appellate court’s standard of review for a grant of summary

judgment is “whether the trial court correctly found that there were no genuine

issues as to any material fact and that the moving party was entitled to judgment as

a matter of law.” Scifres v. Kraft, 916 S.W.2d 779, 781 (Ky. App. 1996).

Summary judgment is proper “if the pleadings, depositions, answers to

interrogatories, stipulations, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if

any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving

                                          -9-
party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law.” CR 56.03. The record must be

viewed in a light most favorable to the non-moving party, and all doubts are to be

resolved in its favor. Steelvest, Inc. v. Scansteel Service Center, Inc., 807 S.W.2d

476, 480 (Ky. 1991). “Because summary judgment involves only legal questions

and the existence of any disputed material issues of fact, an appellate court need

not defer to the trial court’s decision and will review the issue de novo.” Lewis v.

B & R Corp., 56 S.W.3d 432, 436 (Ky. App. 2001).

             We first address Walker’s argument that NTC improperly deducted

$46.80 from his institutional account to satisfy a lien placed on his account for

copy charges he incurred while incarcerated at EKCC. Walker’s argument, as we

glean from his pro se brief, is that the institution’s deduction of $46.80 from his

account was improper because he previously paid for those copy charges.

According to Walker, this may have resulted from a “balance” being

miscategorized.

             “[A] party opposing a properly supported summary judgment motion

cannot defeat it without presenting at least some affirmative evidence showing that

there is a genuine issue of material fact for trial.” Steelvest, Inc., 807 S.W.2d at

482. Here, having reviewed the record on appeal, we note that Walker failed to

cite to any documents in the record evidencing that he previously paid for these

copy charges, and we, therefore, conclude that the circuit court did not err in

                                         -10-
dismissing his claim. Walker failed to present evidence showing there is a genuine

issue of material fact regarding the claims asserted below.

             We next address the denial of Walker’s request to transfer $10 from

his institutional account to his outside bank account to pay bank fees. We recently

addressed CPP 15.7’s transfer limitations in Hopkins v. Smith, 592 S.W.3d 319

(Ky. App. 2019). Like Walker here, the inmate in Hopkins challenged the

limitations placed upon an inmate’s ability to transfer money outside the

institution. See id. In upholding the institution’s actions, we explained the highly

deferential standard of review that applies:

             Courts generally give “deference and flexibility” to
             prison officials “in the fine-tuning of the ordinary
             incidents of prison life.” Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S.
             472, 482-83, 115 S. Ct. 2293, 132 L. Ed. 2d 418 (1995)
             (citations omitted). Thus, though “prisoners do not shed
             all constitutional rights at the prison gate,” incarceration
             inherently limits a prisoner’s rights. Id. at 485, 115 S. Ct.
             2293 (citations omitted). To set forth an actionable
             violation of a liberty interest protected by the Due
             Process Clause, a prisoner must show that the challenged
             institutional action “imposes [an] atypical and significant
             hardship on the inmate in relation to the ordinary
             incidents of prison life.” Id. at 484, 115 S. Ct. 2293. In
             short, “a highly deferential standard of judicial review is
             constitutionally appropriate with respect to both the
             factfinding that underlies prison disciplinary decisions
             and the construction of prison regulations.” Smith v.
             O’Dea, 939 S.W.2d 353, 357 (Ky. App. 1997).

Hopkins, 592 S.W.3d at 322.

                                         -11-
               Here, as the trial court correctly found, Walker’s request to transfer

money did not fit into either of the two categories of approved transfers stated in

CPP 15.7(II)(B)(2)(a) and (b), and the warden declined to make an exception, as

provided in CPP 15.7(II)(B)(2)(c).11 The denial of Walker’s request was,

therefore, in compliance with CPP 15.7.

               In addition, Walker has not shown that CPP 15.7 presents an atypical

and significant hardship on the ordinary incidents of life. Hopkins, 592 S.W.3d at

323. While the denial of Walker’s request to transfer $10 to a bank account he

maintained outside the institution where he was housed may be an inconvenience

to him, it does not violate a liberty interest protected by the Due Process Clause.

This Court previously held CPP 15.7 is rationally related to institutional security.

Hopkins, 592 S.W.3d at 323. Furthermore, inmates have no right to maintain

private accounts. Id. We also note that “prisoners are not entitled to the full

panoply of process due non-prisoners.” Id. at 323 (citations omitted).

               In this appeal, Walker has failed to show he had already paid the

$46.80 in copy charges before it was deducted from his inmate account. He has

also not shown that the institutions’ administration of CPP 15.7 as it related to his

grievances was improper or otherwise violated his constitutional rights. For the

11
  Department of Corrections Polices and Procedures 15.7(II)(B)(2)(c) provides that money of
any dollar amount shall not be sent outside the institution except for “[a]n exception approved by
the warden or designee on a case-by-case basis.”

                                              -12-
foregoing reasons, the Franklin Circuit Court’s September 22, 2020, Order

dismissing Walker’s Petition is affirmed.

            MAZE, JUDGE, CONCURS.

            JONES, JUDGE, CONCURS IN RESULT ONLY.

BRIEFS FOR APPELLANT:                       BRIEF FOR APPELLEE:

Ronny D. Walker, Sr., Pro Se                Angela T. Dunham
Fredonia, Kentucky                          Frankfort, Kentucky

                                       -13-