Court Opinion

ID: 9941100
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-15 21:00:41.16138+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:46:13.314005
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                   MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

DJERY DOLCE,                                    DOCKET NUMBER
                    Appellant,                  NY-0752-22-0026-I-1

             v.

DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND                          DATE: February 14, 2024
  SECURITY,
            Agency.

        THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

      Andrea Batres , Esquire, Garden City, New York, for the appellant.

      Colleen Piccone , Esquire, Elizabeth Connelly , Esquire, Floren J. Taylor ,
        Esquire, and Todd F. Smith , Esquire, New York, New York, for the
        agency.

                                      BEFORE

                          Cathy A. Harris, Vice Chairman
                           Raymond A. Limon, Member

                                  FINAL ORDER

      The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
affirmed his removal from Federal service. Generally, we grant petitions such as
this one only in the following circumstances:          the initial decision contains
erroneous findings of material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous
1
   A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                       2

interpretation of statute or regulation or the erroneous application of the law to
the facts of the case; the administrative judge’s rulings during either the course of
the appeal or the initial decision were not consistent with required procedures or
involved an abuse of discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of
the case; or new and material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite
the petitioner’s due diligence, was not available when the record closed. Title 5
of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).
After fully considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner
has not established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for
review.     Therefore, we DENY the petition for review.            Except as expressly
MODIFIED to discuss the appellant’s discrimination and retaliation affirmative
defenses, we AFFIRM the initial decision.

                  DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW
         The appellant was removed from Federal service, effective November 5,
2021, for (1) misuse of TECS, a law enforcement database, (2) misuse of
position, and (3) lack of candor. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 1 at 10-20. The
appellant filed a Board appeal challenging his removal on the merits, and he
raised    affirmative   defenses   of   due   process,   harmful     procedural    error,
discrimination based on color and sex, and retaliation.          IAF, Tab 12 at 4-5,
Tab 35, Initial Decision (ID) at 13-38.         After a hearing on the merits, the
administrative judge sustained all three charges, denied the appellant’s
affirmative defenses, and affirmed the penalty of removal. ID at 13-47. The
appellant has filed a petition for review, and the agency has filed a response in
opposition. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tabs 3, 5.

We agree with the administrative judge that the agency proved its charges.
         The appellant argues on review, as he did before the administrative judge,
that the lack of candor charge should not be sustained. 2 PFR File, Tab 3 at 9-11.
2
  In his petition for review, the appellant has not challenged the administrative judge’s
findings regarding the first two charges. PFR File, Tab 3. We find no error in them,
                                                                                    3

A lack of candor charge requires proof that the appellant (1) gave incorrect or
incomplete information, and (2) that he did so knowingly.               Fargnoli v.
Department of Commerce, 123 M.S.P.R. 330, ¶ 17 (2016).             A lack of candor
charge may involve a failure to disclose something that, under the circumstances,
should have been disclosed in order to make the given statement accurate and
complete.     Ludlum v. Department of Justice, 278 F.3d 1280, 1284 (Fed. Cir.
2002).
         The lack of candor charge is based on the appellant’s testimony during a
deposition, wherein he denied using his security clearance to “check information”
on an individual with whom he was having a legal dispute. IAF, Tab 8 at 75-76.
It is undisputed that the appellant used TECS to view the arrest record of the
individual in question and that he did not disclose this incident in response to the
deposition question. IAF, Tab 9 at 91, Tab 22 at 8-10. The appellant argues that
he did not knowingly give incorrect information, and he advances a series of
alternative explanations in support thereof, including that he did not know that
viewing an arrest report in TECS constituted misuse, he misunderstood the
deposition question, and/or he did not recall the incident at the time of his
deposition testimony. PFR File, Tab 3 at 9-12.
         In the initial decision, the administrative judge considered the appellant’s
defenses that his use of TECS to access the arrest report was authorized and that
he did not know his conduct constituted misuse, and she found that the
appellant’s testimony was not credible. ID at 18-19. The Board must defer to
an administrative judge’s credibility determinations when they are based,
explicitly or implicitly, on observing the demeanor of witnesses testifying at the
hearing. See Haebe v. Department of Justice, 288 F.3d 1288, 1301 (Fed. Cir.
2002). We find that the appellant has not established a sufficiently sound basis to
overturn the administrative judge’s credibility determinations.        See id.   The
administrative judge also considered and rejected the appellant’s assertion that he

and we therefore affirm them. ID at 13-26.
                                                                                         4

misunderstood the deposition question. ID at 28. We agree with this finding for
the reasons stated in the initial decision. Id.
       The appellant has also asserted that the administrative judge erred by not
viewing video footage of a later investigative interview, wherein the appellant
was questioned about accessing the arrest record.              PFR File, Tab 3 at 9.
However, the administrative judge cited to the video footage in the initial
decision. ID at 4. Moreover, even accepting as true the appellant’s assertion that
he did not “readily admit” to improperly accessing the arrest record in a later
investigative interview, we find that a different result is not warranted. PFR File,
Tab 3 at 9. The lack of candor charge is based on the appellant’s responses at a
deposition and not his responses at a later investigative interview. IAF, Tab 8
at 136-37.
       In sum, we find that the administrative judge considered the evidence as a
whole, drew appropriate references, and made reasoned conclusions on issues of
credibility, and we therefore find no basis to disturb her conclusions.                See
Crosby v. U.S. Postal Service, 74 M.S.P.R. 98, 106 (1997); Broughton v.
Department of Health and Human Services, 33 M.S.P.R. 357, 359 (1987).
Accordingly, we find that the agency proved the lack of candor charge by
preponderant evidence.

We agree with the administrative judge that the appellant failed to prove his
affirmative defenses.
       Before the administrative judge, the appellant raised the following
affirmative   defenses:       (1)   due   process,   (2)   harmful    procedural    error,
(3) discrimination based on sex and color, and (4) retaliation based on prior equal
employment opportunity (EEO) activity. 3 ID at 29-38. On review, the appellant
has not challenged the administrative judge’s finding that he failed to prove a due

3
  The appellant has not clearly identified the basis of his retaliation claim. E.g., IAF,
Tab 12, Tab 22 at 4-5. However, he has not challenged the administrative judge’s
characterization of his claim or her analysis under the standards set forth in Title VII of
the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
                                                                                    5

process violation. PFR File, Tab 3. We find no error in this finding, and we
therefore affirm it. ID at 29-32.
        The appellant argues on review, as he did before the administrative judge,
that the agency committed harmful procedural error by conducting an improper
and insufficient investigation and by allegedly coercing him into admitting to
misconduct. PFR File, Tab 3 at 7-9. To prove harmful error, an appellant must
show that a procedural error was likely to have caused the agency to reach a
conclusion different from the one it would have reached in the absence or cure of
that error. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.4(r); see Stephen v. Department of the Air Force ,
47 M.S.P.R. 672, 685 (1991). The appellant has shown no evidence of coercion,
and, in any event, the charges sustained by the deciding official were not based
on the allegedly coerced statements. IAF, Tab 8 at 47-48, 75 -76; PFR File, Tab 3
at 8.     Further, despite the appellant’s disagreement with the agency’s
investigative procedures, he was free to provide evidence, argument, and
clarification to the deciding official prior to a decision on the proposed removal,
and he did so in his written reply. IAF, Tab 8 at 52-74. For these reasons, and
for the reasons stated in the initial decision, we find that the appellant has failed
to prove that any other procedure would likely have caused the agency to reach a
different conclusion. ID at 33-35.
        The appellant has not challenged the administrative judge’s finding that he
failed to prove his sex and color discrimination and retaliation defenses. PFR
File, Tab 3. In analyzing those claims, the administrative judge identified the
legal standard set forth in Savage v. Department of the Army, 122 M.S.P.R. 612
(2015), she discussed the various methods of direct and circumstantial evidence,
and she concluded that the appellant did not prove that his sex, color, or protected
EEO activity was a motivating factor in the removal decision. ID at 35-38. The
Board has since overruled Savage to the extent it held that the McDonnell
Douglas framework is not applicable to Board proceedings. Pridgen v. Office of
Management and Budget, 2022 MSPB 31, ¶ 25 (citing McDonnell Douglas
                                                                                   6

Corporation v. Green, 411 U.S. 792, 802-04 (1973)). Nonetheless, the outcome
of this appeal under Pridgen would be the same as that arrived at by the
administrative judge. Under Pridgen, to obtain any relief, the appellant must still
show, at a minimum, that the prohibited consideration was a motivating factor in
the agency’s decision to remove him, Pridgen, 2022 MSPB 31, ¶¶ 20-22, 30, and
we agree with the administrative judge that the appellant failed to make this
showing, ID at 35-38. Because the appellant failed to prove that sex, color, or
protected EEO activity was a motivating factor, he necessarily failed to prove it
was a “but-for” cause of his removal. See Pridgen, 2022 MSPB 31, ¶ 22, 30.

We agree with the administrative judge that removal does not exceed the bounds
of reasonableness.
      On review, the appellant argues that the penalty of removal exceeds the
bounds of reasonableness. PFR File, Tab 3 at 12-13. He asserts that the agency’s
offer to settle the disciplinary action with a last chance agreement, suspension,
and reassignment is sufficient to show that alternative sanctions are adequate to
deter future misconduct and that the penalty should be mitigated on that basis.
PFR File, Tab 3 at 12-13. However, the Board has held that an agency’s offer of
settlement is entitled to no weight in considering the propriety of mitigation of an
agency-imposed penalty. Cheng v. Department of Agriculture, 84 M.S.P.R. 144,
¶ 5 (1999). We agree with the administrative judge’s detailed analysis of the
penalty determination, and we therefore affirm her finding that the penalty of
removal is reasonable. ID at 39-47 (citing Douglas v. Veterans Administration,
5 M.S.P.R. 280, 305-06 (1981)).
      Accordingly, we deny the appellant’s petition for review and affirm the
initial decision as modified herein.
                                                                                          7

                           NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 4
      The initial decision, as supplemented by this Final Order, constitutes the
Board’s final decision in this matter.      5 C.F.R. § 1201.113.         You may obtain
review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By statute, the nature of
your claims determines the time limit for seeking such review and the appropriate
forum with which to file. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b). Although we offer the following
summary of available appeal rights, the Merit Systems Protection Board does not
provide legal advice on which option is most appropriate for your situation and
the rights described below do not represent a statement of how courts will rule
regarding which cases fall within their jurisdiction. If you wish to seek review of
this final decision, you should immediately review the law applicable to your
claims and carefully follow all filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file
within the applicable time limit may result in the dismissal of your case by your
chosen forum.
      Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review
below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions
about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you
should contact that forum for more information.

      (1) Judicial review in general . As a general rule, an appellant seeking
judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court
within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision.                 5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(A).
      If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal   Circuit,   you    must   submit   your   petition   to   the    court    at   the
following address:

4
  Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated
the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the
Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.
                                                                                    8

                             U.S. Court of Appeals
                             for the Federal Circuit
                            717 Madison Place, N.W.
                            Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

      (2) Judicial   or   EEOC     review   of   cases     involving   a   claim   of
discrimination . This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you
were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action
was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain
judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination
claims —by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court ( not the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you
receive this decision.     5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems
Protection Board, 582 U.S. 420 (2017). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
with the district court no later than 30 calendar days after your representative
receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of discrimination based on
race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling condition, you may be
entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and to waiver of any
                                                                                  9

requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security.        See 42 U.S.C.
§ 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.
      Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at their respective
websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx .
      Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding
all other issues . 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the
EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive
this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives
this decision.
      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the
address of the EEOC is:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                  P.O. Box 77960
                             Washington, D.C. 20013

      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or
by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                 131 M Street, N.E.
                                   Suite 5SW12G
                             Washington, D.C. 20507

      (3) Judicial     review   pursuant   to   the   Whistleblower     Protection
Enhancement Act of 2012 . This option applies to you only if you have raised
claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or
other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).
If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s
                                                                                     10

disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in section
2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or 2302(b)(9)(A)(i),
(B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial review either with the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court of appeals of
competent jurisdiction. 5   The court of appeals must receive your petition for
review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision.               5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(B).
      If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the
following address:
                               U.S. Court of Appeals
                               for the Federal Circuit
                              717 Madison Place, N.W.
                              Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

5
   The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain
whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on
December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on
July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file petitions for judicial review of
MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.
The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to November 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115-195,
132 Stat. 1510.
                                                                       11

      Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their
respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx .

FOR THE BOARD:                       ______________________________
                                     Gina K. Grippando
                                     Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.