Court Opinion

ID: 4039205
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-09-28 22:08:51.526741+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:30:12.927021
License: Public Domain

ACCEPTED
                                                                                        13-14-00481-CV
                                                                          THIRTEENTH COURT OF APPEALS
           FILED                                                                CORPUS CHRISTI, TEXAS
IN THE 13TH COURT OF APPEALS                                                      12/31/2014 2:18:33 PM
        CORPUS CHRISTI                                                                DORIAN RAMIREZ
                                                                                                 CLERK

            1/5/15                 No. 13-14-0048 1-CV
           __________________________________________________________________
                                                              RECEIVED IN
                                                        13th COURT OF APPEALS
            CLERK      IN THE THIRTEENTH COURT OF       APPEALS
                                                     CORPUS  CHRISTI/EDINBURG, TEXAS
                                CORPUS CHRISTI, TEXAS 1/5/2015 8:00:00 AM
           __________________________________________________________________
                                                          DORIAN E. RAMIREZ
                                                                Clerk
                    BRETT WILLIAM BOSTIAN, LYNDA ANN DE LEON, RYAN
                           ELIZONDO, AND DOYNE SCOTT ELLIFF,
                          CORPUS CHRISTI INDEPENDENT SCHOOL
                                 DISTRICT EMPLOYEES,
                                       Appellants

                                             v.

                                  JOSEPHINE LIMON,
                                        Appellee
           __________________________________________________________________

               On Appeal from County Court of Law No. 4, Nueces County, Texas
                              Cause Number 2013CCV-61773-4
           __________________________________________________________________

       REPLY BRIEF OF APPELLEE JOSEPHINE LIMON
       __________________________________________________________________

                                 Greggory A. Teeter
                                 THOMAS J. HENRY INJURY ATTORNEYS
                                 Attorney for Appellee
                                 521 Starr Street
                                 Corpus Christi, Texas 78401
                                 361.985.0600
       __________________________________________________________________

                               ORAL ARGUMENT REQUESTED

       __________________________________________________________________

                                              i 
        
                  IDENTITY OF PARTIES AND COUNSEL

Josephine Limon
Petitioner/Appellee
Greggory A. Teeter
State Bar no. 24033264
Thomas J. Henry Injury Attorneys
521 Starr Street
Corpus Christi, Texas 78401
Telephone: (361) 985-0600
gteeter@thomasjhenrylaw.com
Attorneys for the Petitioner/Appellee – Trial and Appellate Counsel

Brett William Bostian, Lynda ann De Leon, Ryan Elizondo, Doyne Scott Elliff
Respondents/Appellants
Philip Fraissinet
State Bar No. 00793749
Bradley J. Domangue
State Bar No. 24065156
Thompson & Horton, LLP
3200 Southwest Freeway, Suite 2000
Houston, Texas 77027
Telephone: (713) 554-6743
Telecopy: (713) 583-9668
pfraissenet@thompsonhorton.com
Attorneys for the Respondents/Appellants – Trial and Appellate Counsel

                                         i 
 
                     STATEMENT REGARDING ORAL ARGUMENT

       Oral argument would give the Court a more complete understanding of the facts and legal

issues presented in this appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 39.1(c). The facts in the instant case require

additional explanation in order to fully understand the issues presented in this case. Therefore,

the decisional process would be significantly aided by having counsel present to explain why the

facts do or do not support Appellants’ contentions. See TEX. R. APP. P. 39.1(d). Accordingly,

Appellee respectfully requests the Court grant oral argument.

                                                ii 
 
                                     TABLE OF CONTENTS

IDENTITY OF PARTIES AND COUNSEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

STATEMENT REGARDING ORAL ARGUMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

STATEMENT OF THE CASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v

ISSUES PRESENTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi

STATEMENT OF FACTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

APPLICABLE LEGAL STANDARDS
    I.   STANDARD OF REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
     
    II.  APPELLANTS FAILED MET THEIR BURDEN TO SHOW
         THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION WHEN IT
         CORRECTLY GRANTED APPELLEE’S RULE 202 ORDER. . .
         .......................................................4
          
    III. THE BENEFIT OF GRANTING RULE 202 DEPOSITIONS TO
         SEEK JUSTICE FOR THE PREVENTABLE DEATH OF
         APPELLEE’S CHILD FAR OUTWEIGHS THE BURDEN OF
         APPELLANTS SPENDING A LITTLE MORE THAN TIME . . .
         .......................................................7

CONCLUSION /PRAYER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

                                                     iii 
 
                          TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

Cases

Patton Boggs, LLP v. Moseley, 394 S.W.3d 565, 568–69 (Tex. App.- Dallas, 2011,
no pet.).

Walker v. Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833 (Tex. 1992).

M.D. Anderson v. Tcholakian, 2012 WL 4465349, *2 (Tex. App.—Houston         [1st
Dist.] Sept. 27, 2012, no pet.)

Houston v. U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc., 190 S.W.3d 242, 244 (Tex. App.—
Houston [1st Dist.] 2006, no pet.). 

Combs v. Tex. Civil Rights Project, 410 S.W.3d 529, 534 (Tex. App.—Austin
2013, no pet). 

Office Employees Int'l Union Local 277 v. Southwestern Drug Corp., 391 S.W.2d
404, 406 (Tex.1965).

In re Does, 337 S.W.3d 862, 864 (Tex. 2011). 
 

Rules

Tex. R. App. P. 39.1(c)

Tex. R. App. P. 39.1(d)

Tex. R. Civ. Proc. 202.

Tex. R. Civ. Proc. 202.4(a)(1)(2).

                                       iv 
 
                         STATEMENT OF THE CASE

      Appellants attempt to turn the trial court’s analysis of the propriety of

depositions under Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 202 to investigate a claim into a

question of whether Appellants are immune from a potential suit that Appellees

have not brought. Under well-established Texas law, Appellants’ potential

immunity from suit is irrelevant to the trial court’s decision that Appellee is

entitled to take depositions under Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 202.

                                         v 
 
                             ISSUES PRESENTED

    1. The trial court did not abuse its discretion when it correctly granted
       Plaintiff’s Rule 202 petition.

    2. The benefit of granting Rule 202 depositions to seek justice for the
       preventable death of a child far outweighs the burden appellants spending a
       little more than time.

                                        vi 
 
                          STATEMENT OF FACTS

      On September 11, 2013, Cameron Espinosa (“Cameron”), a 13-year-old

student at Haas Middle School in Corpus Christi, was playing in a football game

when fire ants attacked him. At the time he was stung, he informed his coach,

Ryan Elizondo, who then instructed him to rinse the ants off and take a break.

Within thirty minutes, Cameron was having difficulty breathing and went into

anaphylactic shock. He was transported by EMS to Corpus Christi Medical Center

– Bay Area and then to Driscoll Children’s Hospital, where he was determined to

be brain dead. On September 15, 2013, Cameron was removed from life support.

      On September 23, 2013, Cameron’s mother, Ms. Limon, filed a petition

seeking pre-suit depositions of Corpus Christi Independent School District

(“CCISD”) Superintendent Doyne Scott Elliff, the Haas Middle School (“HMS”)

Principal Lynda Ann Deleon, Head of Maintenance for CCISD Brett William

Bostian, and HMS Football Coach Ryan Elizondo, in order to investigate potential

claims in her son’s death. On January 10, 2014, Respondents made a plea to the

jurisdiction and response in opposition to Ms. Limon’s petition for pre-suit

deposition.

      On July 29, 2014, a hearing was held before the Honorable Judge James

Klager in the County Court at Law No. 4, on Limon’s 202 petition and the

                                       1 
 
CCISD’s plea to the jurisdiction. Judge Klager, after hearing the arguments of

counsel and considering the pleadings on file, granted Limon’s request to take the

depositions of the key CCISD personnel, on the basis that Limon satisfied the

requirements of Rule 202.

                                        2 
 
                          SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT

      Under long-standing Texas law, Appellee is entitled to take depositions to

investigate potential claims for the preventable death of her child, Cameron

Espinosa, because the benefits of granting the Rule 202 depositions undeniably

outweigh the burden. The trial court correctly granted Appellee’s request under

Rule 202. Contrary to Appellants’ weak protestations otherwise, Appellee is not

required to plead any specific cause of action against any party, and Appellants’

claims of immunity are irrelevant to the trial court’s analysis.

                                           3 
 
                                                APPLICABLE LEGAL STANDARDS

I.            Standard of Review

              A trial court's order permitting discovery under Rule 202 is reviewed under

an abuse of discretion standard.1 A trial court abuses its discretion if it reaches a

decision so arbitrary and unreasonable as to amount to a clear and prejudicial error

of law or if it clearly fails to correctly analyze or apply the law.2 In order to obtain

mandamus relief, Appellants must show both that the trial court has abused its

discretion and that Appellants have no adequate appellate remedy.3

II.           Appellants failed to meet their burden to show the trial court abused its
              discretion when it correctly granted Appellee’s Rule 202 order.

                Under Rule 202, pre-suit deposition of an immune party is allowed if a

third-party defendant may be identified.4 A specific claim against a specific party,

however, is not required prior to the pre-suit deposition, which is consistent with
                                                            
1
    Patton Boggs, LLP v. Moseley, 394 S.W.3d 565, 568–69 (Tex. App.- Dallas, 2011, no pet.).
2
Walker v. Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833 (Tex. 1992).
3
    Id.
4
  M.D. Anderson v. Tcholakian, Cause No. 2012 WL 4465349, *2 (Tex. App.—Houston          [1st
Dist.] Sept. 27, 2012, no pet.) (holding that potential claims against a third-party licensor
justified pre-suit deposition of the immune university hospital); Houston v. U.S. Filter
Wastewater Group, Inc., 190 S.W.3d 242, 244 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2006, no pet.)
(holding that a third-party claim against a bidding competitor was sufficient for pre-suit
depositions of immune city employees).

                                                               4 
 
the Rule’s intent to permit investigation of potential claims.5 Texas courts have

held that a person may petition the court and be granted an order authorizing the

taking of a deposition of governmental entities on oral examination or written

questions either to perpetuate or obtain the person's own testimony or that of any

other person for use in an anticipated suit, or to investigate a potential claim or

suit.6

              In Combs, the State Defendants asserted the trial court erred in denying their

plea to the jurisdiction and granting plaintiff’s Rule 202 petition because petitions

to investigate potential claims under the rule are protected by immunity

irrespective of potential claims or against whom they may be asserted.7 As here,

the plaintiffs in Combs did not suggest that Rule 202 operates as a waiver of

sovereign immunity, but that it does not implicate such immunity because it is

merely a pre-suit discovery tool.

              In Combs, the Court determined that although Rule 202 proceedings have

characteristics of “suits”, the petitions assert no substantive claim or cause of

action for which relief can be granted. The proceedings simply grant a right to

                                                            
5
    Filter, 190 S.W.3d at 245.
6
 Combs v. Tex. Civil Rights Project, 410 S.W.3d 529, 534 (Tex. App.—Austin 2013, no pet);
Houston v. U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc., 190 S.W.3d 242, 244 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st
Dist.] 2006, no pet.).
7
    Id.

                                                               5 
 
obtain discovery that may lead to a claim or cause of action against an immunity-

free third party.8 The proceeding is not a separate lawsuit but is incident to and in
                                                           9
anticipation of a suit.                                        The Court concluded that pre-suit depositions of

governmental entities are not barred by immunity.10

              In the present case, after hearing the arguments of counsel and considering

the pleadings on file, the trial correctly granted Appellee’s request to take the

depositions of the key CCISD personnel to discover other third parties that may be

liable, on the basis that Appellee satisfied the requirements of Rule 202. As it is

consistent with principles and holdings well-documented in Texas jurisprudence, it

cannot be said that the trial court’s ruling was so arbitrary and unreasonable as to

amount to a clear and prejudicial error of law or that it clearly failed to correctly

analyze or apply the law; thus abusing its discretion. While Appellants argue the

Court erred in not ruling in their favor, they do not argue the Court abused its

discretion, thereby failing to meet the burden required to reverse the order.
                                                            
8
    Id.
9
  Office Employees Int'l Union Local 277 v. Southwestern Drug Corp., 391 S.W.2d 404, 406
(Tex.1965). Accordingly, the cases, as well as the legal standards, contained in Appellant’s Brief
are inapplicable to the Court’s analysis here. Appellants cannot utilize the pleading requirements
applicable to a plea to the jurisdiction based on immunity, as Appellees have not alleged any
causes of action against Appellants sufficient to invoke those pleading requirements. Appellees
need only satisfy the standards applicable to a petition under Rule 202. Appellants would have
this Court hold that Appellants may plead immunity in order to circumvent the long standing
public policy in allowing depositions to proceed under Rule 202 to investigate potential claims
when the benefit clearly outweighs the burden or expense of same. Patton Boggs, 394 S.W.3d at
570.
10
     Combs, 410 S.W.3d 529 (Tex. App.—Austin 2013, no pet).
                                                                          6 
 
III.          The benefit of granting rule 202 depositions to seek justice for the
              preventable death of Appellee’s child far outweighs the burden of
              appellants spending time in a deposition.

       A court may order pre-suit deposition to either (1) prevent a failure or delay of

justice or (2) if the benefit to investigate a claim outweighs the burden or expense

of the procedure.11 The court must find one of the two for the order to stand.12

Appellants argue that their burden in submitting to pre-suit depositions outweighs

any benefit that Appellee may obtain. In their brief, Appellants exaggerate their

purported burden by suggesting a considerable amount of funds meant to educate

students would be lost, thus they have the heavier burden. 13 Appellants’ argument

have no merit as Appellee is seeking to learn the truth of the parties and

circumstances surrounding her child’s preventable death, which outweighs the

burden of inconvenience and minimal cost to the deponents.

       Appellants still fail to consider the other potential suits Appellee may have.

With all of the information surrounding the circumstances of the child’s death in

the hands of the school district, the Court rightly approved pre-suit depositions

                                                            
11
     Tex. R. Civ. Proc. 202.4(a)(1)(2).
12
  In re Does, 337 S.W.3d 862, 864 (Tex. 2011) (holding that an order for pre-suit deposition did
not comply with Rule 202.4(a) by listing the required finding).
13
     See Appellants Brief, page 23.

                                                               7 
 
under the Rule 202 requirement for either the pursuit of justice or consideration of

the benefit and burden to the parties, or both.

    Here, a grieving mother’s benefit of discovering all the facts surrounding her

son’s death cannot reasonably be considered too burdensome to compel the school

officials’ testimony. The short-lived depositions pale in contrast to the lifelong

pain Appellee will inevitably endure.

                                  CONCLUSION

       Appellants failed to meet the required burden to demonstrate that the trial

court abused its discretion in granting Appellee’s order on her Rule 202 petition.

Furthermore, the Appellee’s benefit of discovering circumstances surrounding her

child’s death far outweighs the time school officials will spend answering pre-suit

discovery.

                                        Respectfully submitted,

                                        LAW OFFICES OF THOMAS J. HENRY
                                        521 Starr Street
                                        Corpus Christi, Texas 78401
                                        Telephone: (361) 985-0600
                                        Facsimile: (361) 985-0601

                                        By: /s/Greggory A. Teeter
                                              Thomas J. Henry
                                              State Bar No. 09484210
                                              Gerggory A. Teeter
                                              State Bar No. 24033264
                                              Sherrie L. Williams
                                           8 
 
                                             State Bar No. 24088650
                                             ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
                                             JOSEPHINE LIMON

                         CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

      I hereby certify that a true and correct copy of the forgoing document has
been forwarded to all counsel of record in the manner indicated below on the 31ST
day of December, 2014:

VIA E-SERVICE
Philip Fraissinet
Bradley J. Domangue
Thompson & Horton, LLP
3200 Southwest Freeway, Suite 2000
Houston, Texas 77027
Telephone: (713) 554-6743
Telecopy: (713) 583-9668
pfraissenet@thompsonhorton.com
Attorneys for the Respondents/Appellants

                                      /s/Greggory A. Teeter
                                     GREGGORY A. TEETER

                                        9