Court Opinion

ID: 2724414
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-09-08 20:37:04.935538+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:26:03.363243
License: Public Domain

Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this
Memorandum Decision shall not be
regarded as precedent or cited before any                               Aug 27 2014, 9:23 am
court except for the purpose of
establishing the defense of res judicata,
collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:                          ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:

KEVIN R. PATMORE                                 DANIEL R. WILKINSON
Patmore Law Office                               Robinson, Wilkinson & Pulley, LLP
Santa Claus, Indiana                             Rockport, Indiana

                               IN THE
                     COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

LAYNE L. DELLAMUTH and                           )
ANITA M. DELLAMUTH,                              )
                                                 )
       Appellants,                               )
                                                 )
              vs.                                )      No. 74A01-1404-CC-165
                                                 )
KEN’S CARPETS UNLIMITED, INC.                    )
d/b/a CARPETS UNLIMITED,                         )
                                                 )
       Appellee.                                 )

                     APPEAL FROM THE SPENCER CIRCUIT COURT
                         The Honorable Jonathan A. Dartt, Judge
                             Cause No. 74C01-1208-CC-414

                                      August 27, 2014

               MEMORANDUM DECISION – NOT FOR PUBLICATION

BAKER, Judge
       Layne and Anita Dellamuth appeal the trial court’s order granting summary

judgment in favor of Carpets Unlimited on Carpets Unlimited’s complaint against the

Dellamuths for failure to pay a balance owed on an account stated. The Dellamuths do

not contend that there were any issues of material fact; rather, they argue that as a matter

of law, there was no account stated between the parties.

       We find that the undisputed facts establish that the parties reached an agreement

for the provision of materials and services in exchange for a fixed amount of money. The

Dellamuths have never objected to the amount charged by Carpets Unlimited pursuant to

that agreement, and the undisputed facts establish that Carpets Unlimited did, in fact,

perform the bargained-for work. Under these circumstances, we find that summary

judgment was properly granted and affirm the judgment of the trial court.

                                          FACTS

       On December 12, 2008, the Dellamuths purchased flooring materials and

installation services from Carpets Unlimited. The Dellamuths agreed to pay a total

amount of $33,345.44, and made an initial payment, leaving a balance due of $23,126.83.

Carpets Unlimited subcontracted the work to Jared Keeton. After Keeton performed the

work, a dispute arose between the Dellamuths and Keeton regarding the quality of the

work performed and the amount of his bill for the work performed. On December 30,

2008, Keeton recorded a Mechanics’ Lien against the Dellamuths’ real estate in the

amount of $8,700 plus interest. In February 2009, Carpets Unlimited corrected Keeton’s

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work at no extra cost to the Dellamuths. The lien expired on December 30, 2009, and

was not enforced by Keeton.

       On August 24, 2011, Carpets Unlimited sent a letter and invoice to the Dellamuths

by certified mail, requesting payment of the $23,126.83 balance due for the materials and

labor provided. Layne Dellamuth signed the certified mail receipt on August 27, 2011.

The Dellamuths did not respond to the letter and invoice in any way. On June 26, 2012,

Carpets Unlimited sent another letter to the Dellamuths by certified mail, again

requesting payment of the balance due. This letter was returned as unclaimed on August

1, 2012, following multiple attempts at delivery.

       On August 17, 2012, Carpets Unlimited filed a complaint against the Dellamuths

for their failure to pay the balance due, arguing solely that the Dellamuths had failed to

pay the balance due under the account stated between the parties. On January 11, 2013,

Carpets Unlimited filed a motion for summary judgment on the complaint, and the

Dellamuths filed a cross-motion for summary judgment on March 18, 2013.               The

Dellamuths did not file any counter-affidavits raising any disputed issues of fact. On

March 12, 2014, the trial court granted summary judgment in favor of Carpets Unlimited,

finding that the Dellamuths “received goods and services from [Carpets Unlimited] and

[have] failed to pay for them.” Appellant’s Br. p. 10. The trial court entered judgment in

the amount of $38,822.11, which is the total of the balance due, finance charges accrued

since the Dellamuths received the first invoice in August 2011, and attorney fees. The

Dellamuths now appeal.

                                            3
                            DISCUSSION AND DECISION

      The Dellamuths argue that, as a matter of law, the agreement and relationship

between the Dellamuths and Carpets Unlimited did not establish an account stated. As a

result, they contend that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment in favor of

Carpets Unlimited.

      We apply a de novo standard of review to a trial court’s order granting summary

judgment. Alldredge v. Good Samaritan Home, Inc., 9 N.E.3d 1257, 1259 (Ind. 2014).

Therefore, we apply the same standard as the trial court:         summary judgment is

appropriate only where the movant demonstrates there is no genuine issue of material fact

and that he is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id. We resolve all questions and

view all evidence in the light most favorable to the non-movant, so as to not improperly

deny him his day in court. Id.

      The resolution of this case hinges on whether, as a matter of law, there was an

account stated reached between the Dellamuths and Carpets Unlimited. An account

stated is “an agreement between the parties that all items of an account and balance are

correct, together with a promise, expressed or implied, to pay the balance.”        MHC

Surgical Ctr. Assocs., Inc. v. State Office of Medicaid Policy and Planning, 699 N.E.2d

306, 309 (Ind. Ct. App. 1998). The account stated “operates as a new contract without

the need for renewed consideration, and the plaintiff does not need to plead and prove the

creation and performance of each contract underlying the account.”         B.E.I., Inc. v.

Newcomer Lumber & Supply Co., Inc., 745 N.E.2d 233, 236 (Ind. Ct. App. 2001). An

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agreement that the balance is correct “‘may be inferred from delivery of the statement

and the account debtor’s failure to object to the amount of the statement within a

reasonable amount of time.’” Id. (quoting Auffenberg v. Bd. of Trustees, 646 N.E.2d

328, 331 (Ind. Ct. App. 1995)). The amount indicated on a statement is prima facie

evidence of the amount owed on the account, and once a prima facie case is made, the

burden of proof shifts to the account debtor to prove that the amount claimed is incorrect.

Id.

         In this case, the following facts are undisputed:

       On December 12, 2008, Carpets Unlimited sold materials, labor, and services to
        the Dellamuths on account.

       That same date, the parties agreed that the total amount due for those materials and
        services would be $33,345.44.

       The Dellamuths made an initial payment, leaving a balance due of $23,126.83.

       Carpets Unlimited subcontracted the installation work to Jared Keeton.

       A dispute arose between the Dellamuths and Keeton regarding the quality of his
        work and the amount of his bill.

       The Dellamuths did not pay Keeton’s bill and he recorded a Mechanic’s Lien,
        which he did not enforce and eventually expired.

       In February 2009, Carpets Unlimited corrected Keeton’s work and reinstalled the
        flooring. There is no evidence that the Dellamuths objected to the corrected
        work.1

       On August 24, 2011, Carpets Unlimited sent a letter and invoice to the
        Dellamuths, requesting payment of the $23,126.83 balance due. The Dellamuths

1
 The Dellamuths attempt to inject an issue of fact into their appeal by stating that, in fact, all corrective
work was not properly performed by Carpets Unlimited. The proper way to raise this issue would have
been to file a counter-affidavit in response to Carpets Unlimited’s summary judgment motion. As they
neglected to do so, there is no evidence in the record on this issue, and we will not consider it.
                                                     5
       received the letter, as established by Layne Dellamuth’s signature on the certified
       mail receipt. They never responded in any way to the letter.

    On June 26, 2012, Carpets Unlimited sent a second invoice to the Dellamuths,
     which was returned as unclaimed following multiple delivery attempts.

The Dellamuths do not dispute that they reached an agreement with Carpets Unlimited

for the total amount of services and materials to be provided. Nor do they dispute that,

after their initial payment, the amount due to Carpets Unlimited was $23,126.83.

Moreover, the Dellamuths do not raise a reviewable dispute that, following their

dissatisfaction with Keeton’s work, Carpets Unlimited reinstalled and re-performed all of

Keeton’s work, leaving the Dellamuths with the flooring they had initially requested.

       The Dellamuths argue that because a dispute arose regarding the quality of

Keeton’s work and the amount charged for that work, they were not required to raise a

further objection to the invoice sent by Carpets Unlimited. See Urbanational Developers,

Inc. v. Shamrock Eng’g, Inc., 175 Ind. App. 416, 428, 372 N.E.2d 742, 750 (Ind. Ct.

App. 1978) (noting that “once liability has been denied, failure to object does not convert

the invoices into an account stated”); Glick v. Seufert Constr. & Supply Co., 168 Ind.

App. 354, 358, 342 N.E.2d 874, 877 (Ind. Ct. App. 1976) (holding that “once an

objection is made to an account, further objection to subsequently received statements is

not required”). Under the specific facts of the case herein, we do not find this authority

to be persuasive.

       In this case, the subcontractor sent a separate bill to the Dellamuths.       They

objected to the amount he charged—and understandably so, given that it seems to have

                                            6
been a charge that was levied in addition to the original amount they had agreed upon

with Carpets Unlimited—and the quality of the work he performed. But it is undisputed

that Carpets Unlimited rectified Keeton’s work at no additional cost to the Dellamuths,

and that the Dellamuths received the originally agreed-upon materials and services.2

Moreover, the Dellamuths have never objected to the total amount charged by Carpets

Unlimited. Under these circumstances, we find that their failure to object within a

reasonable amount of time after receiving the invoice from Carpets Unlimited in August

2011 amounts to an agreement that the amount of the balance stated therein was correct.3

       The Dellamuths point to caselaw holding that to find an account stated, there must

have been “‘prior dealings between the parties[.]’” Glick, 168 Ind. App. at 358, 342

N.E.2d at 876 (quoting Bosson v. Brash, 63 Ind. App. 86, 89, 114 N.E. 6, 7 (Ind. Ct. App.

1916)). We were unable to find any Indiana authority defining “prior dealings,” but

authority elsewhere provides some enlightenment on the issue. Specifically, a Florida

court has explained that “there can be no liability on an account stated if there has been

no mutual agreement, and from this we infer that the account stated must be based upon

prior dealings out of which the account arose.” Dutch Inns of Am., Inc. v. Jenkins, 301

S.2d 119, 120 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1974) (emphasis added).

2
 It is likewise undisputed that the Dellamuths never had to pay the fees charged by Keeton, inasmuch as
he did not enforce his mechanic’s lien before it expired.
3
  The Dellamuths argue that the amount of the balance reflected on the invoice is ambiguous. This,
however, amounts to an attempt to inject an issue of fact into the appeal. The proper time to raise this
issue would have been with the trial court, in a counter-affidavit responding to Carpets Unlimited’s
summary judgment motion. Moreover, it likewise amounts to an untimely attempt to object to the
amount of the balance due. That proverbial ship has long since sailed.
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       In this case, Carpets Unlimited sent an invoice to the Dellamuths in August 2011.

The balance set forth in that arose out of the parties’ prior dealings—specifically, from

the agreement they reached in December 2008 for work to be performed and the cost of

that work, and from the actual performance of that work by Carpets Unlimited in

February 2009. We find that these facts establish prior dealings sufficient to meet this

requirement of an account stated.

       Here, the Dellamuths and Carpets Unlimited reached an agreement for materials

and services to be provided to the Dellamuths, and for an amount of compensation to be

provided to Carpets Unlimited in exchange. The Dellamuths received the materials and

services, albeit slightly later than planned, following the unsatisfactory work of a

subcontractor.    When Carpets Unlimited sent the Dellamuths an invoice requesting

payment in the amount of the balance due, the Dellamuths did not object. Under these

circumstances, we find that the trial court did not err in awarding summary judgment in

favor of Carpets Unlimited.4

       The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

KIRSCH, J., and ROBB, J., concur.

4
 We express no opinion on the amount of the judgment awarded by the trial court, inasmuch as the
Dellamuths have not raised that issue on appeal.
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