Court Opinion

ID: 2702769
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-04 19:56:46.488789+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:50:42.290242
License: Public Domain

[Cite as State v. Morris, 2013-Ohio-1033.]

                 Court of Appeals of Ohio
                                EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                   COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

                               JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
                                        No. 98591

                                       STATE OF OHIO
                                                   PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE

                                             vs.

                                 RICHARD L. MORRIS
                                                   DEFENDANT-APPELLANT

                                    JUDGMENT:
                              REVERSED AND REMANDED

                                Criminal Appeal from the
                         Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
               Case Nos. CR-547947, CR-551411, CR-558239, and CR-561093

        BEFORE: Rocco, J., Celebrezze, P.J., and McCormack, J.

        RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: March 21, 2013
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT

Susan J. Moran
55 Public Square
Suite 1616
Cleveland, Ohio 44113-1901

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE

Timothy J. McGinty
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor

By: Norman Schroth
Assistant County Prosecutor
Justice Center - 8th Floor
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
KENNETH A. ROCCO, J.:

       {¶1}   In   this   consolidated   appeal   involving   four   separate   indictments,

defendant-appellant Richard L. Morris (“Morris”) appeals from his conviction and

30-month sentence for aggravated assault, interference of custody, contributing to

unruliness or delinquency, attempted tampering with records, and identity fraud. Morris

argues that his guilty plea is void because the trial court failed to conduct a competency

hearing prior to accepting Morris’s plea. We agree. Accordingly, we reverse the trial

court’s final judgment and remand with instructions to conduct a competency hearing.

       {¶2} At a pretrial hearing held on August 18, 2011, Morris was referred to the

court psychiatric clinic to determine whether he was competent to stand trial.           On

September 30, 2011, the court went on the record disclosing that Dr. Barach of the court’s

psychiatric clinic did not make a direct diagnosis within a reasonable degree of medical

certainty regarding Morris’s competency to stand trial, but had instead offered that Morris

was malingering.

       {¶3} At the September 30, 2011 hearing, the trial court ordered Morris transferred

to Northcoast Behavioral Health Care (“Northcoast”) for 20 days for a competency

examination. The trial court stated on the record that it would await a report from

Northcoast before setting any further dates. According to the docket, the matter was

continued twice in October. Then, on November 2, 2011, the docket indicates that

Morris was reordered to Northcoast for a 20-day assessment to determine competency.
       {¶4} Although neither the docket nor the transcript contain any information

pertaining to the status of Morris’s competency, on May 21, 2012, Morris entered into a

plea agreement with the prosecutor.       On May 25, 2012, the trial court imposed a

30-month sentence on the counts to which Morris pleaded guilty. Morris then filed his

notice of appeal.

       {¶5} Morris presents two assignments of error for review.

       I. The trial court erred and rendered the appellant’s plea void when it
       proceeded to disposition without holding a hearing on the issue of
       defendant’s competency as was required by statute and the state and federal
       constitutions.

       II. The trial court erred to the prejudice of appellant when it failed to
       comply with the guidelines set forth in R.C. 2929.13(B)(1)(a)(i)-(iii), in
       violation of Ohio law and appellant’s right to due process of law, and his
       right against imposition of excessive sentences secured by the Eighth and
       Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution and Art. I, § 9 of the Ohio
       Constitution.

       {¶6} In his first assignment of error, Morris argues that the trial court erred in

accepting Morris’s guilty plea without first conducting a competency hearing. We agree.

       {¶7} It is well settled that a trial court must hold a competency hearing if the

issue of competency is raised prior to trial. R.C. 2945.37(B); State v. Cruz, 8th Dist. No.

93403, 2010-Ohio-3717, ¶ 13-16. In the trial context, this rule ensures that the trial court

can properly assess whether the defendant can

understand the nature of the proceedings against him and whether the defendant can assist

in his defense. Cruz at ¶ 16. Similarly, where a guilty plea is involved, if the trial court

does not first conduct a competency hearing when competency is in issue, then “the trial
court cannot make a reliable determination of the defendant’s competency to enter a

knowing, intelligent, and voluntary plea under Crim.R. 11.” Id. at ¶ 17. Where the

issue of competency is raised, a trial court commits reversible error by failing to hold a

competency hearing before accepting a defendant’s guilty plea. Id., citing State v. Smith,

8th Dist. No. 92649, 2010-Ohio-154; State v. McGrath, 8th Dist. No. 91261,

2009-Ohio-1361.

      {¶8} We have recently reversed convictions and sentences in two cases on facts

analogous to the case at bar.     In Cruz, the trial court referred the defendant for a

psychiatric evaluation, but subsequently accepted a guilty plea without first conducting a

competency hearing. The record contained no indication that the defendant’s counsel

stipulated to a finding of competency, nor that the defendant waived the hearing

requirement. Similarly, in State v. Dowdy, 8th Dist. No. 96642, 2012-Ohio-2382, we

reversed a conviction and sentence based on a guilty plea when no competency hearing

was held, the record did not reflect any formal finding or adoption of competency, no

psychiatric report existed in the record despite the trial court’s explicit order that the

report be provided by Northcoast, and there was no stipulation regarding the defendant’s

competency or the results of the defendant’s psychiatric evaluation.

      {¶9} In both Cruz and Dowdy, we determined that we could not glean sufficient

information from the record to determine whether the court’s failure to conduct the

hearing was harmless. See State v. Bock, 28 Ohio St.3d 108, 502 N.E.2d 1016 (1986)

(court’s failure to conduct competency hearing harmless error where defendant
participated in trial, offered his own testimony, and the record failed to reveal sufficient

indicia of incompetency).

        {¶10} Similarly, in the instant case, the issue of competency was raised prior to

trial. The trial court ordered that Morris undergo a 20-day examination at Northcoast,

but no findings from that examination appear in the record. The record does not indicate

that a competency hearing was held.         No order was entered determining Morris’s

competency. Morris did not waive the hearing requirement, and his counsel did not

stipulate to a competency finding. As with Cruz and Dowdy, the record in this case

does not provide sufficient information to determine whether the court’s failure to

conduct the hearing was harmless, and so we decline the state’s invitation to find

harmless error.

        {¶11}     The trial court could not accept Morris’s guilty plea without first

conducting a competency hearing, because the trial court could not ensure that Morris’s

plea was made knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily.          Accordingly, we sustain

Morris’s first assignment of error.

        {¶12} In his second assignment of error, Morris argues that the trial court erred in

sentencing him, because it failed to comply with the sentencing guidelines set forth in

R.C. 2929.13(B)(1)(a). Because we are reversing the trial court’s final judgment and

vacating the sentence, we decline to address this assignment of error because it is now

moot.
       {¶13} The trial court’s final judgment is reversed, and Morris’s sentence is

vacated. On remand, the trial court shall conduct a competency hearing to determine

whether Morris is competent to enter into a plea agreement and whether he is competent

to stand trial.

       It is ordered that appellant recover from appellee costs herein taxed.

       The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       It is ordered that a special mandate be sent to said court to carry this judgment into

execution.

       A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to

Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

____________________________________
KENNETH A. ROCCO, JUDGE

FRANK D. CELEBREZZE, JR., P.J., and
TIM McCORMACK, J., CONCUR