Court Opinion

ID: 4284884
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-06-15 16:09:46.588543+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:35:21.678272
License: Public Domain

MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D),                                           FILED
this Memorandum Decision shall not be                                      Jun 15 2018, 10:04 am
regarded as precedent or cited before any                                        CLERK
court except for the purpose of establishing                                 Indiana Supreme Court
                                                                                Court of Appeals
the defense of res judicata, collateral                                           and Tax Court

estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT                                   ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Jennifer L. Koethe                                       Curtis T. Hill, Jr.
La Porte, Indiana                                        Attorney General of Indiana
                                                         Lyubov Gore
                                                         Deputy Attorney General
                                                         Indianapolis, Indiana

                                           IN THE
    COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

David Michael Flynn,                                     June 15, 2018
Appellant-Defendant,                                     Court of Appeals Case No.
                                                         46A05-1704-CR-863
        v.                                               Appeal from the LaPorte Circuit
                                                         Court
State of Indiana,                                        The Honorable Thomas J.
Appellee-Plaintiff.                                      Alevizos, Judge
                                                         Trial Court Cause No.
                                                         46C01-1510-FA-19

Bailey, Judge.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018                  Page 1 of 18
                                                Case Summary
[1]   David M. Flynn (“Flynn”) appeals his convictions, following a jury trial, for

      child molesting, as a Class A felony;1 two counts of sexual misconduct with a

      minor, as Class B felonies;2 two counts of incest, as Class B felonies;3 and two

      counts of incest, as Class C felonies.4

[2]   We affirm.

                                                    Issues
[3]   Flynn raises the following two restated issues:

                 I.       Whether the trial court committed reversible error when it
                          admitted into evidence Flynn’s recorded statement to
                          police.

                 II.      Whether the State presented sufficient evidence to support
                          his convictions.

                                Facts and Procedural History
[4]   On October 27, 2015, Deputy Neil Lachmund (“Dep. Lachmund”) of the

      LaPorte County Sheriff’s Department responded to a domestic disturbance

      1
          Ind. Code § 35-42-4-3(a)(1) (2009).
      2
          I.C. § 35-42-4-9(a)(1) (2010).
      3
          I.C. § 35-46-1-3 (2011).
      4
          I.C. § 35-46-1-3 (2012).

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 2 of 18
      involving A.F. and one of her sisters. A.F. was so upset that Dep. Lachmund

      asked her older sister R.F., born May 16, 1996, to accompany them to the

      Sheriff’s Department. During the drive, Dep. Lachmund overheard R.F.

      speaking to her twin sister, D.F., on her cellular telephone. He heard R.F. state

      that she “might have to bring up the other stuff.” Tr. Vol. II at 72. At the

      Sheriff’s Department, Detective Jennifer Rhine-Walker (“Det. Rhine-Walker”)

      spoke to R.F. alone at one point. R.F. disclosed to Det. Rhine-Walker that

      “there was sexual abuse going on in the home” involving her and her twin

      sister, but they did not want to report it at that time. Id. at 81.

[5]   About an hour and a half later, R.F. approached Det. Rhine-Walker and told

      the detective that R.F.’s sister, D.F., was on her way to the Sheriff’s

      Department and that she and D.F. were willing to file a report. Both R.F. and

      D.F. gave the police statements that their father, Flynn, had sexually abused

      them. The police also conducted forensic interviews of the twins’ younger

      sisters who stated they had not witnessed any abuse. Two days later, at the

      request of the police, Flynn drove himself and another daughter, S.F., to the

      Sheriff’s Department to speak with the detectives. Upon his arrival, Flynn was

      taken into an interview room and was advised of, and waived, his Miranda

      rights. Flynn agreed to speak with Det. Rhine-Walker, and that interview

      began at approximately 10:50 a.m.

[6]   During the October 29 interview with Det. Rhine-Walker, Flynn initially

      denied that he had ever had any sexual contact with his daughters. Det. Rhine-

      Walker paused the interview at 12:04 p.m., at which time she offered Flynn a

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 3 of 18
      beverage and he requested coffee. State’s Ex. 1. Det. Rhine-Walker resumed

      the interview at 12:08 p.m., and a sheriff’s employee brought Flynn coffee. Id.

      Flynn stated to Det. Rhine-Walker that he was “starting to get sick now”

      because it made him “sick just to think about” the allegations. 5 State’s Ex. 1 at

      12:08:30. Later, Det. Rhine-Walker again paused the interview for almost one

      hour, from 12:21 p.m. to 1:20 p.m., during which time Flynn briefly left the

      interview room twice. Id.

[7]   At 1:20 p.m., Detective Patrick Cicero (“Det. Cicero”) entered the interview

      room and, with Flynn’s unsolicited help, moved the table to the side of the

      room. Det. Cicero introduced himself and moved his chair closer to Flynn’s

      chair, so that they were facing each other. Det. Cicero questioned Flynn about

      Flynn’s sexual encounters with his twin daughters, R.F. and D.F., using

      different interrogation techniques, such as trust-building techniques and reading

      body language. At various points during the interview, Det. Cicero placed his

      hand on Flynn’s knee, held Flynn’s hand, and hugged Flynn. At various

      points, Flynn leaned toward Det. Cicero, grasped Det. Cicero’s hand, and put

      his forehead up against Det. Cicero’s forehead. Several times throughout the

      interview, Flynn began to cry. At approximately 2:40 p.m., Det. Cicero stated,

      5
        Although Flynn contends that Det. Rhine-Walker offered him a garbage can when he told her he “was
      going to get sick,” Appellant’s Br. at 14, he does not cite to the point in the interview where those statements
      were made, and we are unable to locate such statements in State’s Exhibits 1 or 1A.

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018                 Page 4 of 18
       “Let me get you something to drink, you want something to eat?” Id. at

       2:39:44. Flynn replied, “No.” Id.

[8]    Flynn admitted to Det. Cicero that he had sexual intercourse and oral and anal

       sex on multiple occasions with both of his biological twin daughters when they

       were between the ages of fifteen and eighteen years old. Flynn stated that R.F.

       and D.F. had initiated each of the sexual encounters. Flynn described in detail

       six sexual encounters, three with each daughter. Flynn’s descriptions of the

       times and places of most of the encounters matched R.F.’s and D.F.’s prior

       descriptions of the encounters. At approximately 4:00 p.m., Det. Cicero stated,

       “let’s get some coffee, are you hungry?” Id. at 4:00:25. Flynn said, “No,” and

       Det. Cicero left the room. Id. At approximately 4:05 p.m., Det. Cicero

       returned to the interview room with a coffee and a cookie for Flynn, and he

       encouraged Flynn to eat. Det. Cicero concluded the interview at approximately

       5:30 p.m.

[9]    The State charged Flynn with child molesting, as a Class A felony; two counts

       of sexual misconduct with a minor, as Class B felonies; two counts of incest, as

       Class B felonies; and two counts of incest, as Class C felonies. Flynn moved to

       suppress the video/audio recording of the October 29, 2015 interview of him

       (hereinafter, “the recording”) by detectives Rhine-Walker and Cicero, and the

       trial court held a suppression hearing on October 3, 2016.

[10]   Det. Cicero testified at the suppression hearing that he was aware that Flynn

       had signed a form acknowledging his Miranda rights and waiving those rights.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 5 of 18
       He testified that, in interviewing Flynn, he had used interrogation techniques

       designed to elicit confessions, which he had learned in his police training and

       used in his fourteen years of police experience. These techniques involved

       removing physical barriers—such as the table—between him and the

       interviewee, getting “up close and personal” to the interviewee, making the

       interviewee believe he is a victim of society, minimizing the interviewee’s

       responsibility for his actions, using deception to make the interviewee believe

       his actions were not that bad, and assuring the interviewee that it will be better

       for the interviewee if he cooperates. Tr. Vol. II at 11. Det. Cicero stated that

       these techniques worked in his interview of Flynn. He testified that he never

       hurt or threatened Flynn and never promised Flynn any particular outcome,

       should he cooperate and/or confess. Det. Cicero testified that Flynn at no time

       indicated that he did not want to speak to Det. Cicero or that he wanted an

       attorney.

[11]   Det. Rhine-Walker also testified at the suppression hearing. She stated that,

       prior to interviewing Flynn on October 29, she read him his Miranda rights and

       he signed the form waiving those rights. She stated that Flynn agreed to speak

       with her and at no time did he invoke his Miranda rights, refuse to speak, or

       request an attorney. Det. Rhine-Walker testified that Flynn left the interview

       room at one point to use the restroom. She testified that Flynn had two cups of

       coffee and a cookie during the interview.

[12]   Flynn testified at the suppression hearing that his hypoglycemia “was kicking

       in” during the October 29 interview because he had not eaten in twenty-four

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 6 of 18
       hours. Id. at 33. He testified that hypoglycemia sometimes caused his thought

       process to be cloudy.

[13]   The trial court denied the motion to suppress. The court stated it would not

       address the issue of Flynn’s alleged diminished capacity due to his alleged

       hypoglycemia because that was a fact question for the jury. However, the trial

       judge stated that he saw Det. Cicero’s interviewing techniques “as trust-

       building,” and that he saw no indications in the recording “of discomfort or

       protestations from [Flynn].” Tr. Vol. II at 40. The court also noted that “not

       only was Detective Cicero establishing trust and providing comfort, but also

       that the Defendant a[t] some points indicated that he wanted Detective Cicero

       to comfort him.” Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 113.

[14]   Flynn’s jury trial took place on October 11 through 13, 2016. The recording of

       the October 29, 2015 interview of Flynn was admitted into evidence without

       objection, Tr. Vol. II at 91, and the parties stipulated to the admission of a

       redacted version of the statement, as contained in State’s Exhibit 1A, id. at 181.

       The recording was published to the jury.

[15]   Det. Rhine-Walker testified at trial that, after Flynn was arrested, R.F.

       participated in two visits with Flynn at the LaPorte County Jail, both of which

       were video recorded. During the first visit, R.F. and her sister, C.F., were

       present, and R.F. spoke with Flynn. Det. Rhine-Walker testified that when she

       viewed the video, she heard Flynn ask R.F. to change her story. Det. Rhine-

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 7 of 18
       Walker also testified that Flynn made a similar request of R.F. when she visited

       the second time.

[16]   Det. Cicero also testified at trial regarding his October 29, 2015, interview of

       Flynn. Det. Ciero’s testimony regarding the interrogation techniques he used

       was similar to the testimony he gave at the suppression hearing.

[17]   R.F. testified at trial that Flynn began to sexually abuse her when they moved

       to LaCrosse and she was thirteen years old. She described to the jury in great

       detail four separate events of Flynn sexually abusing her. The first incident

       occurred when R.F. was thirteen. R.F. gave a detailed account of Flynn

       pushing and smacking her and forcing her to have sexual intercourse with him

       in her bedroom while the rest of the family was away from the home. Flynn

       told R.F. she “couldn’t tell nobody,” and R.F. complied with Flynn’s command

       because she was scared. Id. at 125.

[18]   R.F. also testified in detail about the second incident of sexual abuse that

       occurred when she was fifteen. At that time, Flynn accosted R.F. in the garage

       and forced her to have sexual intercourse with him. R.F. also gave detailed

       testimony about a third incident of sexual abuse that also occurred when she

       was fifteen. On that occasion, Flynn was alone in the home with R.F. and D.F.

       and he told them both to “strip.” Id. at 130-31. When R.F. and D.F. tried “to

       fight against him,” he said, “I can make your sisters disappear.” Id. at 131.

       Flynn then had sexual intercourse with D.F. and put his finger in R.F.’s vagina.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 8 of 18
[19]   R.F. testified in detail about a fourth evening when Flynn called R.F. into his

       bedroom, pushed her onto his bed, pulled her clothes off, and put his penis into

       her anus, causing R.F. a great deal of pain. R.F. testified that Flynn also forced

       her to have sexual intercourse with him on other occasions that she could not

       remember, and he repeatedly ordered her not to tell anyone about the sexual

       abuse. She stated that the last incident of sexual abuse occurred in August of

       2013, when she was seventeen years old.

[20]   D.F. also testified at the jury trial. She gave detailed accounts of five separate

       instances of Flynn’s sexual abuse of her. D.F. testified that the first instance

       occurred in her bedroom in LaPorte when she was fourteen years old and Flynn

       forced her to have sexual intercourse with him. D.F. described in detail a

       second incident that occurred when she was fifteen and at home sick with

       pneumonia. On that occasion, Flynn accosted her in her bedroom and again

       forced her to have sexual intercourse with him. D.F. testified that she was

       crying, as she did every time Flynn sexually abused her.

[21]   D.F. testified in detail about a third instance of Flynn’s sexual abuse of her

       when she was fifteen years old. On that occasion, Flynn forced D.F. to submit

       to anal sex, which she testified made her feel like she “was being torn open.”

       Id. at 169. D.F. also told the jury in detail about a fourth incident in which

       Flynn forced D.F. to have sexual intercourse with him in the garage, and a fifth

       occurrence when Flynn forced her to have sexual intercourse with him in their

       basement when D.F. was sixteen. D.F. testified that Flynn sexually abused her

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 9 of 18
       two to three times every other week, and the abuse did not cease until she

       moved out of the house when she was eighteen years old.

[22]   Flynn also testified at his jury trial and denied all of R.F.’s and D.F.’s

       allegations. Flynn testified that he is hypoglycemic and did not have enough to

       eat on the day he was interviewed by the police. He testified that not having

       sleep and food “can affect [his] judgment.” Id. at 219. He stated that

       “everything was just white” during the police interview, and he was in his “own

       personal little world” at that time. Id. at 220. He said that Det. Cicero

       “invaded [his] private space a little bit” and “that was kind of what set [him]

       off.” Id. Flynn testified that “some of those things that [he was] telling

       Detective Cicero” related to some of his past girlfriends. Id. at 220-21. And

       Flynn testified that it made him “feel very, very uncomfortable” when Det.

       Cicero “got really close in [his] personal space.” Id. at 221-22.

[23]   The jury found Flynn guilty as charged on all counts. On December 1, 2016,

       the trial court sentenced Flynn to thirty-eight years for the Class A felony child

       molesting, fourteen years for each of the two counts of Class B felony sexual

       misconduct with a minor, four years for each of the two counts of Class B

       felony incest, and four years for each of the two counts of Class C felony incest.

       The court ordered all of the counts to be served concurrently except for one

       count of Class B felony sexual misconduct with a minor, which was to be

       served consecutively to the other counts. The result is an aggregate sentence of

       fifty-two years. This appeal ensued.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 10 of 18
                                  Discussion and Decision
                             Admission of Flynn’s Confession
[24]   Flynn maintains that the trial court erred in denying his motion to suppress and

       admitting into evidence his October 29, 2015 statement to the police, which

       included his confession to sexually abusing his daughters. Rather than taking

       an interlocutory appeal of the denial of his motion to suppress, Flynn proceeded

       to a complete jury trial. However, Flynn failed to object at trial to the

       admission of his recorded statement to the police. “It is well-established that a

       motion to suppress is insufficient to preserve an error for appeal. … Instead, a

       defendant must reassert his objection at trial contemporaneously with the

       introduction of the evidence to preserve the error.” King v. State, 991 N.E.2d
612, 617 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013) (citations omitted); see also Wright v. State, 593
N.E.2d 1192, 1194 (Ind. 1992) (abrogated on other grounds by Fajardo v. State,

       859 N.E.2d 1201, 1206-07 (Ind. 2007)). Because Flynn failed to make a

       contemporaneous objection to the admission of his statement at trial, he has

       waived this issue for appeal.

[25]   Waiver notwithstanding, we find no error in the trial court’s ruling.

               The decision to admit the defendant’s statements is a matter of
               discretion of the trial court after considering the totality of the
               circumstances. When reviewing a challenge to the trial court’s
               decision, we do not reweigh the evidence but instead examine the
               record for substantial, probative evidence of voluntariness. It is
               the State’s burden to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the
               defendant voluntarily waived his rights, and that the defendant’s
               confession was voluntarily given.
       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 11 of 18
       Miller v. State, 770 N.E.2d 763, 767 (Ind. 2002) (quotations and citations

       omitted). When reviewing a trial court’s ruling that a statement was made

       voluntarily, numerous factors may be considered as within the totality of the

       circumstances. Such factors include whether the statement was the result of

       police coercion; the length, location, and continuity of a police interrogation;

       and the defendant’s maturity, education, physical condition, and mental health.

       Id.

[26]   Flynn contends that his statement was coerced by Det. Cicero’s interrogation

       tactics.6 In particular, he maintains Det. Cicero’s “physical contact” with Flynn

       rendered Flynn unable “to resist [Det. Cicero’s] questions,” although he does

       not state why that was so. Appellant’s Br. at 15. However, interrogation

       techniques such as “good cop/bad cop,” trust-building, “providing a morally

       acceptable answer” to the interviewee, and “blaming the victim … do not

       necessarily create an involuntary statement.” Wilkes v. State, 917 N.E.2d 675,

       681 (Ind. 2009) (citing Pierce v. State, 761 N.E.2d 821, 824 (Ind. 2002)). Rather,

       the court must weigh such techniques against the totality of the circumstances.

       Id.

       6
         Flynn also contends that his statement was not voluntary because he was incapacitated by his
       hypoglycemia. However, factors related to diminished capacity “do not render a self-incriminating statement
       involuntary per se and generally go to the weight that should be accorded the statement and not to its
       admissibility.” Crain v. State, 736 N.E.2d 1223, 1232 (Ind. 2000) (citing Battles v. State, 688 N.E.2d 1230,
       1233 (Ind. 1997)). Clearly, the jury did not find Flynn’s claim of diminished capacity to be credible, and we
       will not reweigh witness credibility or the evidence on appeal. Miller, 770 N.E.2d at 767.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018            Page 12 of 18
[27]   Thus, in Wilkes v. State, for example, our Supreme Court held the confession

       was voluntary where, although the interrogating detective insisted the

       defendant remembered the crimes and supplied the defendant with some

       details, the defendant also supplied his own details, the defendant had been

       advised of his Miranda rights and signed a waiver of those rights, the

       interrogation lasted five hours, and the defendant was provided with cigarettes

       and food. Id.; see also Pierce v. State, 761 N.E.2d 821, 824-25 (Ind. 2002)

       (holding that police deception in the interview weighed against voluntariness

       but was not the dispositive factor where the totality of the circumstances

       showed the defendant had signed a waiver of his rights, indicated he

       understood those rights, did not ask for an attorney, and was not intoxicated,

       and where there was an absence of threats or force in the interrogation).

[28]   Here, the trial court reviewed the video/audio recording of the interview and

       determined that Det. Cicero’s interviewing techniques were merely “trust-

       building,” and that he saw no indications in the recording that Flynn was

       uncomfortable or protested the physical contact. Tr. Vol. II at 40. On the

       contrary, the court noted that Flynn “a[t] some points indicated that he wanted

       Detective Cicero to comfort him.” Appellant’s App. Vol. II at 113. Moreover,

       Flynn was read his Miranda warnings and signed a waiver of them; he did not

       ask for an attorney; he was not intoxicated or incoherent; he was not threatened

       or harmed; and he was repeatedly offered food and beverages. Thus, the

       totality of the circumstances indicated that Flynn’s statement was voluntarily

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 13 of 18
       given. His contentions to the contrary are merely requests that we reweigh the

       evidence, which we will not do. Miller, 770 N.E.2d at 767.

                                  Sufficiency of the Evidence
[29]   Flynn challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support his convictions. Our

       standard of review of the sufficiency of the evidence is well-settled:

               When reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence needed to
               support a criminal conviction, we neither reweigh evidence nor
               judge witness credibility. Bailey v. State, 907 N.E.2d 1003, 1005
               (Ind. 2009). “We consider only the evidence supporting the
               judgment and any reasonable inferences that can be drawn from
               such evidence.” Id. We will affirm if there is substantial
               evidence of probative value such that a reasonable trier of fact
               could have concluded the defendant was guilty beyond a
               reasonable doubt. Id.

       Clemons v. State, 996 N.E.2d 1282, 1285 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans. denied.

       Moreover, “[a] conviction may be based on circumstantial evidence alone so

       long as there are reasonable inferences enabling the factfinder to find the

       defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.” Lawrence v. State, 959 N.E.2d
385, 388 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012) (citation omitted), trans. denied.

[30]   To support Flynn’s conviction of child molesting, as a Class A felony, the State

       was required to prove that Flynn was over twenty-one years of age and, with a

       child under age fourteen, knowingly or intentionally performed sexual

       intercourse. I.C. §35-42-4-3(a)(1). “Sexual intercourse” is defined as “any

       penetration of the female sex organ by the male sex organ.” I.C. § 35-31.5-2-

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 14 of 18
       302. The penetration element may be proven by evidence of any penetration of

       the female sex organ, including external genitalia. See, e.g., Morales v. State, 19
N.E.3d 292, 298 (Ind. Ct. App. 2014), trans. denied. “To sustain a conviction

       for child molesting or incest, proof of the ‘slightest penetration’ of the female

       sex organ … is sufficient,” and penetration may be “inferred from

       circumstantial evidence.” Mastin v. State, 966 N.E.2d 197, 202 (Ind. Ct. App.

       2012) (quoting Dinger v. State, 540 N.E.2d 587, 590 (Ind. 1990)), trans. denied.

[31]   It is undisputed that Flynn was over age twenty-one at the time of the crimes.

       And R.F. provided detailed testimony describing Flynn forcing her to have

       sexual intercourse with him when she was thirteen years old. R.F.’s testimony

       was sufficient evidence to sustain Flynn’s child molesting conviction. See

       Amphonephong v. State, 32 N.E.3d 825, 832 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015) (quoting Carter

       v. State, 754 N.E.2d 877, 880 (Ind. 2001)) (“‘[a] molested child’s uncorroborated

       testimony is sufficient to sustain a conviction.’”); see also, Hoglund v. State, 962
N.E.2d 1230, 1238-39 (Ind. 2012) (“The testimony of a sole child witness is

       sufficient to sustain a conviction for molestation.”). 7

[32]   To support Flynn’s two convictions of sexual misconduct with a minor, as

       Class B felonies, the State was required to prove that Flynn was over twenty-

       one years of age and, with a child at least fourteen years of age but less than

       sixteen years of age, performed sexual intercourse. I.C. § 35-42-4-9(a)(1). Both

       7
        Thus, to the extent Flynn asserts that there must be “physical evidence” of the sexual intercourse,
       Appellant’s Br. at 15, he is mistaken.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018             Page 15 of 18
       R.F. and D.F. testified in detail that Flynn forced them to have sexual

       intercourse with him when they were fifteen years old.8 That testimony, alone,

       was sufficient evidence of two counts of sexual misconduct with a minor.

       Amphonephong, 32 N.E.3d 832. Moreover, Flynn admitted in his October 29

       statement that he had sexual intercourse with both R.F. and D.F. on multiple

       occasions when they were between the ages of fifteen and eighteen years old.

       And Det. Rhine-Walker testified that, during recorded jail visits, Flynn had

       twice asked R.F. to change her testimony.

[33]   To support Flynn’s two convictions of incest, as Class B felonies, the State was

       required to prove that Flynn was over eighteen years of age and, with a person

       less than sixteen years of age who Flynn knew was related to him biologically

       as a child, engaged in sexual intercourse or deviate sexual conduct. I.C. § 35-

       46-1-3(a) (2011). “Deviate sexual conduct” includes “the penetration of the sex

       organ or anus of a person by an object,” Indiana Code Section 35-41-1-9(2)

       (2011),9 and a finger is “an object” within the meaning of the statute. See Gasper

       v. State, 833 N.E.2d 1036, 1044 (Ind. Ct. App. 2005) (citing Stewart v. State, 555
N.E.2d 121, 126 (Ind. 1990)), trans. denied. It is undisputed that Flynn is R.F.’s

       and D.F.’s biological father and that he was aware of that fact. R.F. testified

       that Flynn put his finger in her vagina when she was fifteen years old, and D.F.

       8
        R.F. testified that Flynn had sexual intercourse with her in the garage when she was fifteen years old, and
       D.F. testified that Flynn had sexual intercourse with her in her bedroom when she was fourteen years old.
       9
         The current incest statute replaces the term “deviate sexual conduct” with “other sexual conduct.” I.C. §
       35-46-1-3 (effective July 1, 2014).

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018             Page 16 of 18
       testified that Flynn had sexual intercourse with her when she was fifteen years

       old and at home sick with pneumonia. That testimony was sufficient evidence

       to support the two counts of incest as Class B felonies. Amphonephong, 32
N.E.3d 832.

[34]   Finally, to support Flynn’s two convictions of incest, as Class C felonies, the

       State was required to prove that Flynn was over eighteen years of age and, with

       a person who Flynn knew was related to him biologically as a child, engaged in

       sexual intercourse or deviate sexual conduct. I.C. § 35-46-1-3(a) (2012).

       “Deviate sexual conduct” includes an act involving “a sex organ of one person

       and the mouth or anus of another person.” I.C. § 35-41-1-9(1) (2011). Both

       R.F. and D.F. testified in detail about occasions when Flynn forced them to

       submit to anal sex. That testimony was sufficient to support the two

       convictions of incest as Class C felonies. Amphonephong, 32 N.E.3d 832.

                                               Conclusion
[35]   Flynn waived his challenge to the admission of his recorded statement by

       failing to make a contemporaneous objection to its admission at trial. Waiver

       notwithstanding, the trial court did not err in admitting that statement as the

       totality of the circumstances indicate that the statement was voluntarily given.

       And the State provided sufficient evidence to sustain Flynn’s convictions; his

       protestations to the contrary are merely requests that we reweigh the evidence,

       which we will not do.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 17 of 18
[36]   Affirmed.

       Crone, J., and Brown, J., concur.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 46A05-1704-CR-863 | June 15, 2018   Page 18 of 18