Court Opinion

ID: 9373246
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-02-22 16:03:42.032827+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:40.413630
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     ANTONIA MARIE WILLIAMS,                         DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         AT-0752-16-0629-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS                          DATE: November 9, 2022
       AFFAIRS,
                 Agency.

             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Antonia Marie Williams, Lake City, Florida, pro se.

           Joved Gonzalez-Rivera, San Juan, Puerto Rico, for the agency.

                                           BEFORE

                               Cathy A. Harris, Vice Chairman
                                Raymond A. Limon, Member
                                 Tristan L. Leavitt, Member

                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     dismissed her appeal as settled. Generally, we grant petitions such as this one
     only in the following circumstances:       the initial decision contains erroneous
     findings of material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                         2

     interpretation of statute or regulation or the erroneous application of the law to
     the facts of the case; the administrative judge’s rulings during either the course of
     the appeal or the initial decision were not consistent with required procedures or
     involved an abuse of discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of
     the case; or new and material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite
     the petitioner’s due diligence, was not available when the record closed. Title 5
     of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 ( 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).
     After fully considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner
     has not established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for
     review. Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial
     decision, which is now the Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).

                                      BACKGROUND
¶2         The appellant filed a Board appeal challenging her removal from her
     position   as   a   Nursing   Assistant   with   the   agency’s   Veterans    Health
     Administration. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 1. While the appeal was pending,
     the parties entered into a settlement agreement resolving the appellant’s Board
     appeal.    IAF, Tab 15.   Pursuant to the terms of the settlement agreement, in
     pertinent part, the agency agreed to demote and reassign the appellant to a Food
     Service Worker position upon her being determined physically qualified. Id. at 7,
     ¶¶ 2b, 3b. The agreement further specified that if the appellant was unable to
     meet the physical requirements of the position as determined by a physical
     examination, she retained the right to reinstate her Board appeal of her removal.
     Id. at 7, ¶ 3c. The agreement indicated that reinstating the appellant’s appeal
     after she failed to meet the physical qualifications of the position would not
     constitute a breach of the settlement agreement. Id.
¶3         After finding that the Board had jurisdiction over the appellant’s appeal and
     determining that the settlement agreement was voluntarily e ntered into,
     understood by the parties, and lawful on its face, the administrative judge issued
                                                                                         3

     an initial decision dismissing the appellant’s appeal in light of her request to
     withdraw it pursuant to the settlement agreement. IAF, Tab 16, Initial Decision
     (ID). The administrative judge entered the settlement agreement into the record
     for enforcement purposes. ID at 2.

                     DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW
¶4         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, claiming
     that the settlement agreement is invalid because the agency misrepresented the
     extent of the physical requirements of the Food Service Worker position. Petition
     for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1 at 4-5. Additionally, she claims that the agency
     breached the agreement when it refused to offer her the Food Service Worker
     position after she failed to pass a preemployment physical examination.           Id.
     Finally, she alleges that the agency breached a previous verbal agreement to hire
     her for the Food Service Worker position without requiri ng that she complete a
     preemployment physical examination. Id. The agency filed a response to the
     petition for review, arguing that the settlement agreement was lawful on its face,
     that the appellant represented that she understood the agreement and ente red into
     it voluntarily, and that her appeal was properly dismissed as withdrawn on the
     basis of the lawfully executed settlement agreement. PFR File, Tab 6 at 6-7.
¶5         A party may challenge the validity of a settlement agreement if she believes
     that it is unlawful, involuntary, or the result of fraud or mutual mistake.
     Hinton v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 119 M.S.P.R. 129, ¶ 4 (2013).            A
     challenge to the validity of the settlement agreement must be filed, as it was here,
     as a petition for review of the initial decision.    See Weldon v. Department of
     Veterans Affairs, 119 M.S.P.R. 478, ¶ 5 (2013) (finding the proper method to
     attack the validity of a settlement agreement is a petition for review of the initial
     decision that dismissed the appeal based on the settlement agreement).            To
     establish that a settlement was fraudulent as a result of coercion or duress, a party
     must prove that she involuntarily accepted the other party’s terms, that
                                                                                       4

     circumstances permitted no other alternative, and that such circumstan ces were
     the result of the other party’s coercive acts. Hinton, 119 M.S.P.R. 129, ¶ 4. The
     party challenging the validity of the settlement agreement bears a “heavy
     burden.” Asberry v. U.S. Postal Service, 692 F.2d 1378, 1380 (Fed. Cir. 1982);
     Hinton, 119 M.S.P.R. 129, ¶ 4.        Additionally, an appellant’s post-settlement
     remorse or change of heart cannot serve as a basis for setting asi de a valid
     settlement agreement. Hinton, 119 M.S.P.R. 129, ¶ 4; Henson v. Department of
     the Treasury, 86 M.S.P.R. 221, ¶ 10 (2000).
¶6        The appellant states that when the settlement agreement was negotiated,
     agency officials led her to believe that a relatively small number of the job duties
     for the Food Service Worker position would be physically demanding. PFR File,
     Tab 1 at 4-5. Because she believed that she could complete the requirements of
     the position, she agreed to complete the physical examination as a term of the
     agreement.      Id.   However, she claims that, when she underwent the physical
     examination, the duties she was presented with at that time were more physically
     demanding than she previously was led to believe, resulting in her failing to meet
     the physical requirements and failing the physical examination. Id. As such, the
     appellant appears to argue that the agency engaged in fraud or misrepresentation
     by misleading her about the physical expectations of the Food Service Worker
     position. Id.
¶7        In construing a settlement agreement, the Board will first consider the terms
     of the agreement itself, and will only examine extrinsic evidence if the terms of
     the agreement are ambiguous, meaning they are susceptible to more than one
     reasonable interpretation. Harris v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 99 M.S.P.R.
     609, ¶ 4 (2005). The settlement agreement does not mention the job duties of the
     Food Service Worker position, and does not condition acceptance of the
     agreement on the appellant’s completing any specifically described duties.
     Instead, the agreement states only that the appellant would be reinstated to the
     Food Service Worker position after meeting the physical qualification standards
                                                                                           5

     for the position, based on completing a physical evaluation. IAF, Tab 15 at 7,
     ¶ 3b.    A position description was not entered as an exhibit as a part of the
     negotiated settlement agreement, and the physical qualification standards were
     not included anywhere else in the record. 2 Thus, even if the agency presented the
     appellant with a list of duties during the course of the settlement negotiations that
     differed from the ones she received when she appeared for her physic al
     evaluation,   we   cannot   find   that   that   she   was   the   victim   of   agency
     misrepresentation or fraud when she voluntarily signed a settlement agreement
     that did not mention the job duties to be performed in the Food Service Worker
     position. As such, the appellant’s argument does not warrant setting aside the
     settlement agreement on the basis of fraud or misrepresentation. 3
¶8           As noted, the settlement agreement provided that, if the appellant was
     unable to meet the physical requirements of the position as det ermined by a
     physical examination, she retained the right to reinstate her Board appeal and that
     such a reinstatement would not constitute a breach of the settlement agreement.
     IAF, Tab 15 at 7. As of the date of this Order, the appellant has not requeste d

     2
       The only exhibit referenced in the settlement agreement was a Last Chance Agreement
     (LCA). IAF, Tab 15 at 7, ¶ 3a; Tab 14 at 9-12. The LCA similarly does not mention
     the specific duties of the Food Service Worker position. Id.
     3
       To the extent the appellant is arguing that she misunderstood the scope or meaning of
     the terms of the settlement agreement, such a unilateral mistake also does not provide a
     basis for invalidating the agreement. See Washington v. Department of the Navy,
     101 M.S.P.R. 258, ¶ 18 (2006) (noting that an appellant’s voluntary acceptance of a
     settlement agreement of which she misunderstood the consequences of accepting the
     settlement would not be a basis for setting aside the settlement). Concerning the
     appellant’s claim that the agency breached the terms of the settlem ent agreement by
     requiring her to undergo a physical evaluation as a condition of reinstatement to the
     Food Service Worker position, and declining to offer her that position after she failed
     the physical evaluation, claims of noncompliance with a settlement agreement must
     generally be raised in a petition for enforcement filed in the first instance with the
     Board’s regional office. Secrist v. U.S. Postal Service, 115 M.S.P.R. 199, ¶ 8 (2010);
     Henson, 86 M.S.P.R. 221, ¶ 15.
                                                                                        6

that her appeal be reinstated. 4 Because the terms of the settlement agreement are
facially inconsistent with the arguments presented on review by the appellant, and
because she remains free to reinstate her appeal under the terms of the agreement,
we do not need to forward this matter for docketing as an enforcement matter.
Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision,
which is now the Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).

                          NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 5
      You may obtain review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By
statute, the nature of your claims determines the time limit for seeking such
review and the appropriate forum with which to file.               5 U.S.C. § 7703(b).
Although we offer the following summary of available appeal rights, the Merit
Systems Protection Board does not provide legal advice on which option is most
appropriate for your situation and the rights described below do not represent a
statement of how courts will rule regarding which cases fall within their
jurisdiction.   If you wish to seek review of this final decision, you should
immediately review the law applicable to your claims and carefully follow all
filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file within the applicable time
limit may result in the dismissal of your case by your chosen forum.
      Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review
below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions

4
  Following the dismissal of this case as settled, the appellant submitted a second appeal
form concerning this matter, which was docketed as a new initial appeal. Williams v.
Department of Veterans Affairs, MSPB Docket No. AT-3443-16-0792-I-1, Initial
Appeal File (0792 AF), Tab 1. During the pendency of the petition for review in the
instant case, the appellant submitted a voluntary request to withdraw the case in the
region “to avoid confusion,” noting that her petition for review was pending. 0792 AF,
Tab 8. Subsequently, the administrative judge issued an initial decision granting the
appellant’s request. 0792 AF, Tab 9, Initial Decision.
5
  Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated
the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the
Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.
                                                                                          7

about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you
should contact that forum for more information.

      (1) Judicial review in general. As a general rule, an appellant seeking
judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court
within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision.                 5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(A).
      If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal   Circuit,   you   must   submit    your   petition    to   the   court    at   the
following address:
                              U.S. Court of Appeals
                              for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                             Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of partic ular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

      (2) Judicial   or    EEOC    review     of   cases      involving   a   claim      of
discrimination. This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you
were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action
was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain
                                                                                  8

judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination
claims—by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court (not the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you
receive this decision.     5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems
Protection Board, 582 U.S. ____ , 137 S. Ct. 1975 (2017).           If you have a
representative in this case, and your representative receives this decision before
you do, then you must file with the district court no later than 30 calendar days
after your representative receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of
discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling
condition, you may be entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and
to waiver of any requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security. See
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.
      Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at the ir respective
websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.
      Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding
all other issues. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the
EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive
this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives
this decision.
      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the
address of the EEOC is:
                         Office of Federal Operations
                  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                               P.O. Box 77960
                          Washington, D.C. 20013
                                                                                      9

      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or
by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                 131 M Street, N.E.
                                   Suite 5SW12G
                             Washington, D.C. 20507

      (3) Judicial     review   pursuant     to   the     Whistleblower     Protection
Enhancement Act of 2012. This option applies to you only if you have raised
claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or
other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).
If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s
disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in
section 2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or
2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial
review either with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court
of appeals of competent jurisdiction. 6 The court of appeals must receive your
petition for review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision.
5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(B).
      If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the
following address:
                                U.S. Court of Appeals
                                for the Federal Circuit

6
   The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain
whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on
December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on
July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file petitions for judicial review of
MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.
The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to November 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115 -195,
132 Stat. 1510.
                                                                              10

                            717 Madison Place, N.W.
                            Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.
      Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their
respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.

FOR THE BOARD:                                    /s/ for
                                          Jennifer Everling
                                          Acting Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.