Court Opinion

ID: 9399824
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-06-06 16:11:32.183671+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:19:40.116520
License: Public Domain

J-S06002-23

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT O.P. 65.37

    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA               :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                v.                             :
                                               :
                                               :
    LUIS MIGUEL VELAZQUEZ                      :
                                               :
                       Appellant               :   No. 1306 MDA 2022

       Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered November 12, 2020
                 In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County
               Criminal Division at No.: CP-06-CR-0006168-2017

BEFORE:      STABILE, J., NICHOLS, J., and STEVENS, P.J.E.*

MEMORANDUM BY STABILE, J.:                               FILED: JUNE 6, 2023

        Appellant, Luis Miguel Velazquez, appeals from the judgment of

sentence entered in Court of Common Pleas of Berks County on November 12,

2020.     On appeal, Appellant challenges the discretionary aspects of his

sentence. Upon review, we affirm.

        The trial court summarized the factual and procedural background of the

instant case as follows.

        On December 21, 2016, Appellant [] entered an open plea to one
        count of persons not to possess, use, manufacture, control, sell or
        transfer firearms, two counts of delivery of a controlled substance,
        one count of receiving stolen property, and four counts of
        possession with intent to deliver a controlled substance. The same
        day, [the trial court] sentenced [Appellant] to an aggregate term
        of incarceration of seven and one-half (7½) to twenty-five (25)
        years in a state correctional institute[.]

____________________________________________

*   Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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       On November 19, 2020, [Appellant], through plea counsel, filed
       [a] post-sentence motion seeking modification of sentence and
       claiming that the sentence imposed was unreasonable and
       excessive. The [trial court] denied the motion by order dated
       November 24, 2020. No appeal was taken.

       On January 6, 2021, [Appellant], through plea counsel[,] filed a
       petition to appeal nunc pro tunc. By order dated January 7, 2021,
       [the trial court] denied the petition.

       On June 16, 2021, [Appellant], again through plea counsel, filed
       a PCRA petition, his first, alleging plea counsel’s ineffectiveness in
       failing to file a timely notice of appeal. On July 21, [the PCRA
       court appointed counsel to assist Appellant in the PCRA
       proceedings]. After several extensions, PCRA counsel filed an
       amended PCRA petition on July 7, 2022, raising plea counsel’s
       ineffectiveness. An evidentiary hearing was held on August 15,
       2022, upon the conclusion of which [the PCRA court] granted the
       relief requested and reinstated [Appellant]’s direct appeal rights
       nunc pro tunc.

       A notice of appeal was filed September 13, 2022, and [the trial
       court] ordered [Appellant] to file a concise statement of matters
       complained of on appeal, pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b).
       [Appellant] filed a concise statement on October 11, 2022.

Trial Court Opinion, 10/17/22, at 1-2 (unnecessary capitalization and

footnotes omitted).

       Appellant challenges the discretionary aspects of his sentence.1 As this

Court observed in Commonwealth v. Crawford, 257 A.3d 75 (Pa. Super.

2021):

____________________________________________

1While the statement of question involved on appeal includes numerous issues
and sub-issues for our review, the argument section of the brief focuses on
one issue only, which Appellant summarizes as follows: “Appellant asserts that
his sentence was excessive and insufficient consideration was given to
(Footnote Continued Next Page)

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       The right to appeal the discretionary aspects of one’s sentence is
       not absolute, and the jurisdiction of this Court must be properly
       invoked. To raise a substantial question, an appellant must satisfy
       the following four-part test:

          (1) whether appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal,
          see Pa.R.A.P. 902 and 903; (2) whether the issue was
          properly preserved at sentencing or in a motion to
          reconsider and modify sentence, see Pa.R.Crim.P. 720; (3)
          whether appellant’s brief has a fatal defect, see Pa.R.A.P.
          2119(f); and (4) whether there is a substantial question that
          the sentence appealed from is not appropriate under the
          Sentencing Code. The determination of whether a particular
          issue raises a substantial question is to be evaluated on a
          case-by-case basis.     Generally, however, in order to
          establish a substantial question, the appellant must show
          actions by the sentencing court inconsistent with the
          Sentencing Code or contrary to the fundamental norms
          underlying the sentencing process.

Id. at 78 (quoting Commonwealth v. Dunphy, 20 A.3d 1215, 1220-21 (Pa.

Super. 2011)).

       Our review of the record confirms that Appellant filed a timely notice of

appeal and that he properly preserved the issue in his motion to reconsider

the sentence. Further, he has included a Rule 2119(f) statement in his brief

filed with this Court.      Therefore, we must determine whether there is a

substantial question that Appellant’s sentence is not appropriate under the

Sentencing Code.

____________________________________________

Appellant’s [] substantial cooperation with law enforcement. As such, the
[trial court] failed to take into consideration the relevant mitigating factors
when promulgating the sentence imposed.” Appellant’s Brief at 10. Our
review will be limited to the above issue.

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      The determination of what constitutes a substantial question must be

evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Commonwealth v. Paul, 925 A.2d 825,

828 (Pa. Super. 2007).     We have found that a substantial question exists

“when the appellant advances a colorable argument that the sentencing

judge’s actions were either: (1) inconsistent with a specific provision of the

Sentencing Code; or (2) contrary to the fundamental norms which underlie

the sentencing process.” Commonwealth v. Phillips, 946 A.2d 103, 112

(Pa. Super. 2008) (citation omitted), appeal denied, 964 A.2d 895 (Pa.

2009). “[W]e cannot look beyond the statement of questions presented and

the prefatory [Rule] 2119(f) statement to determine whether a substantial

question exists.” Commonwealth v. Christine, 78 A.3d 1, 10 (Pa. Super.

2013), aff’d, 125 A.3d 394 (Pa. 2015).

      It is settled that this Court does not accept bald assertions of sentencing

errors. See Commonwealth v. Malovich, 903 A.2d 1247, 1252 (Pa. Super.

2006). When we examine an appellant’s Rule 2119(f) statement to determine

whether a substantial question exists, “[o]ur inquiry must focus on the

reasons for which the appeal is sought, in contrast to the facts underlying the

appeal, which are necessary only to decide the appeal on the merits.”

Commonwealth v. Ahmad, 961 A.2d 884, 886-87 (Pa. Super. 2008)

(quoting Commonwealth v. Tirado, 870 A.2d 362, 365 (Pa. Super. 2005)).

A Rule 2119(f) statement is inadequate when it “contains incantations of

statutory   provisions   and   pronouncements     of   conclusions   of   law[.]”

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Commonwealth v. Bullock, 868 A.2d 516, 528 (Pa. Super. 2005) (citation

omitted).

       Appellant argues that the trial court abused its discretion by failing to

“properly weigh” the “mitigating evidence of his extensive consideration with

law enforcement against the remaining factors in Section 9721(b).”

Appellant’s Brief at 8.2

       Quoting Commonwealth v. Disalvo, 70 A.3d 900 (Pa. Super. 2013),

in Commonwealth v. Patterson, 180 A.3d 1217 (Pa. Super. 2018), we

noted,

       “[T]his Court has held on numerous occasions that a claim of
       inadequate consideration of mitigating factors does not raise a
       substantial question for our review.” See also Commonwealth
       v. Kraft, 737 A.2d 755, 757 (Pa. Super. 1999), appeal
       denied, 560 Pa. 742, 747 A.2d 366 (1999) (determining
       appellant’s claim that sentence of incarceration for [driving under
       suspension] violation was excessive because sentencing court
       failed to adequately consider certain mitigating factors did not
       raise substantial question).

Id. at 1233 (quoting Disalvo, 70 A.3d at 903) (additional citations omitted).

See also Crawford, 257 A.3d at 79 (citing Commonwealth v. Cannon, 954

A.2d 1222, 1228-29 (Pa. Super. 2008) and Commonwealth v. Eline, 940

____________________________________________

2 To the extent that Appellant’s challenge can be construed as asking us to
reweigh the mitigating circumstances against the factors set forth in Section
9721(b), it is well-established that “the weighing of factors under 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9721(b) is exclusively for the sentencing court, and an appellate court may
not substitute its own weighing of those factors.” See Commonwealth v.
Bricker, 41 A.3d 872, 876 (Pa. Super. 2012) (citing Commonwealth v.
Bowen, 975 a.2d 1120, 1123-24 (Pa. Super. 2009).

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A.2d 421, 435 (Pa. Super. 2007)). Consistent with these cases, we conclude

that Appellant failed to raise a substantial question with respect to his

excessiveness claim premised on the inadequate consideration of mitigating

factors.

      Even if his discretionary aspect of sentencing claim raised a substantial

question, Appellant would not be entitled to relief. Our well-settled standard

of review concerning the discretionary aspects of sentencing is as follows:

      [T]he proper standard of review when considering whether to
      affirm the sentencing court’s determination is an abuse of
      discretion. . . . [A]n abuse of discretion is more than a mere error
      of judgment; thus, a sentencing court will not have abused its
      discretion unless the record discloses that the judgment exercised
      was manifestly unreasonable, or the result of partiality, prejudice,
      bias or ill-will. In more expansive terms, our Court recently
      offered: An abuse of discretion may not be found merely because
      an appellate court might have reached a different conclusion, but
      requires a result of manifest unreasonableness, or partiality,
      prejudice, bias, or ill-will, or such lack of support so as to be clearly
      erroneous.
      The rationale behind such broad discretion and the concomitantly
      deferential standard of appellate review is that the sentencing
      court [is] in the best position to determine the proper penalty for
      a particular offense based upon an evaluation of the individual
      circumstances before it.

Patterson, 180 A.3d at 1231-32 (quoting Commonwealth v. Moury, 992

A.2d 162, 169–170 (Pa. Super. 2010) (citation omitted)).

      Here, the trial court explained that

      [b]ased on the offenses to which he was pleading, the maximum
      permissible sentence to which [Appellant] was potentially exposed
      was one hundred forty (140) years of incarceration and up to
      $885,000 in fines. At the sentencing hearing, the Commonwealth
      provided its recommendation to the court, which was an

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      aggregate sentence of eight and one-half (8½) to twenty-five (25)
      years of incarceration.    The Commonwealth noted that the
      mitigated sentences it sought in some of the offenses were in
      consideration of information that [Appellant] provided to law
      enforcement.

      We heard from three witnesses, including two detectives, on
      [Appellant]’s behalf, who detailed their knowledge of [Appellant]’s
      cooperation with authorities and how the information he provided
      assisted law enforcement.          We also received documents
      evidencing [Appellant]’s completion of various drug and
      counseling programs while incarcerated.          [Appellant] then
      exercised his right of allocution.

      The [trial] court, in imposing the sentence, reviewed a PSI
      prepared about [Appellant], and expressed that the PSI informed
      [the trial court]’s sentence, which demonstrated that [the trial
      court was] aware of the relevant information regarding
      [Appellant]’s character and weighed those considerations along
      with mitigating statutory factors, as well as satisfying the
      requirement that reasons for imposing sentence be placed on the
      record. [The trial court] likewise expressed that [it] took into
      account the testimony from the various witnesses and information
      presented at the sentencing hearing. The sentences imposed by
      [the trial court] were all within, or slightly below the standard
      range, and reflected [the trial court]’s deep consideration of the
      sentencing factors.

Trial Court Opinion, 10/17/22, at 4 (quotation marks and citations omitted).

      In light of the foregoing, and upon review of the record, see N.T. Guilty

Plea and Sentencing Hearing, 11/12/20, at 11-30, it is clear that Appellant

has failed to “establish, by reference to the record, that the sentencing court

ignored or misapplied the law, exercised its judgment for reasons of partiality,

prejudice, bias or ill will, or arrived at a manifestly unreasonable decision.”

Disalvo, 70 A.3d at 903 (citation omitted); see also Patterson, supra.

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      While Appellant would have preferred the sentencing court give more

weight to Appellant’s cooperation, this is not to say that the sentencing court

did not account for or did not account adequately for Appellant’s cooperation.

To the contrary, the sentencing court fully appreciated the value of Appellant’s

cooperation, commenting on a witness’s statement as follows: “I did not view

the Commonwealth’s presentation as attempting to diminish the value of what

[Appellant] apparently has contributed here. Having worked both sides of the

street, I understand fully the value of having corroborating information even

though it might not result in testimony. So you need not – you need not sell

me on that principle.” N.T., Guilty Plea and Sentencing Hearing, at 16.

      To the extent Appellant’s argument can be construed as arguing that

the trial court abused its discretion in not providing a detailed, step-by-step

analysis and dissertation of its reasons for the sentence imposed, well-

established case law refutes Appellant’s argument.

      In Commonwealth v. Devers, 546 A.2d 12 (Pa. 1988), our Supreme

Court stated:

      Where pre-sentence reports exist, we shall continue to presume
      that the sentencing judge was aware of relevant information
      regarding the defendant’s character and weighed those
      considerations along with mitigating statutory factors. A pre-
      sentence report constitutes the record and speaks for itself. In
      order to dispel any lingering doubt as to our intention of engaging
      in an effort of legal purification, we state clearly that sentencers
      are under no compulsion to employ checklists or any extended or
      systematic definitions of their punishment procedure. Having
      been fully informed by the pre-sentence report, the sentencing
      court’s discretion should not be disturbed. This is particularly true,
      we repeat, in those circumstances where it can be demonstrated

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      that the judge had any degree of awareness of the sentencing
      considerations, and there we will presume also that the weighing
      process took place in a meaningful fashion. It would be foolish,
      indeed, to take the position that if a court is in possession of the
      facts, it will fail to apply them to the case at hand.

Id. at 18 (emphasis added). Here the record shows, inter alia, that the trial

court received and took into account the PSI, and reviewed “all the information

that [it] gleaned [at sentencing] between the testimony of the witnesses and

[Appellant]’s allocution and the recommendations of the parties.” N.T., Guilty

Plea and Sentencing Hearing, at 27. Accordingly, the claim has no merit. See

Devers, supra.

      Because Appellant has failed to demonstrate an abuse of discretion on

the part of the trial court, Appellant would not be entitled to relief on his

challenge of the discretionary aspects of his sentence.

      Judgment of sentence affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 6/06/2023

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