Court Opinion

ID: 4469272
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-01-03 15:06:25.489086+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:48:53.266730
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                        SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                        APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                        DOCKET NO. A-5543-17T1

STATE OF NEW JERSEY,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

PRINCE ALVARADO a/k/a
P GOD, P, and NELSON TROY
HOLLIDAY,

     Defendant-Appellant.
___________________________

                   Submitted December 9, 2019 – Decided January 3, 2020

                   Before Judges Sumners and Geiger.

                   On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                   Division, Middlesex County, Indictment Nos. 07-02-
                   0238 and 07-02-0240.

                   Joseph E. Krakora, Public Defender, attorney for
                   appellant (Anderson David Harkov, Designated
                   Counsel, on the brief).

                   Christopher L.C. Kuberiet, Acting Middlesex County
                   Prosecutor, attorney for respondent (Joie D. Piderit,
                   Special Deputy Attorney General/Acting Assistant
                   Prosecutor, of counsel and on the brief).
PER CURIAM

      Defendant Prince Alvarado appeals from a June 27, 2018 Law Division

order denying his petition for post-conviction relief (PCR) without an

evidentiary hearing. We affirm substantially for the reasons expressed by Judge

Colleen M. Flynn in her comprehensive written opinion.

                                        I.

      We glean the following facts from the plea hearing. On August 26, 2006,

defendant was involved in a dispute altercation in Sayreville. At that point in

time he was unarmed. Following the dispute, defendant and others proceeded

to a different location in Sayreville.1 By that point, defendant had acquired a

firearm. While at the second location, defendant discharged multiple rounds

from the firearm toward the ground in the direction of a group of people. The

group included Shukir London, who was unarmed and had not physically

attacked defendant. Some of the bullets ricocheted off the pavement and struck

London and an innocent bystander, named Victoria Mierzejewski, in their legs.

      Defendant does not contest these facts. He contends, however, that he did

not intend to kill or injure anyone. Rather, he insists that he discharged the

1
  The two locations were a QuickChek convenience store and a White Castle
restaurant. It is not clear from the record which was the first or second location.
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firearm because London had threatened him, and he believed it would defuse the

situation. Despite this belief, he testified that his actions created a risk that

someone would be killed. At the time of the incident, defendant knew he was

not permitted to possess a firearm due to a prior conviction.

      On February 1, 2007, a Middlesex County Grand Jury returned Indictment

No. 07-02-0238 charging defendant with four counts of first-degree attempted

murder, N.J.S.A. 2C:5-1 and 2C:11-3(a)(1) (counts one, three, five, and seven);

four counts of second-degree aggravated assault, N.J.S.A. 2C:12-1(b)(1) (counts

two, four, six, and eight); third-degree unlawful possession of a weapon,

N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5(b) (count nine); and second-degree possession of a weapon for

unlawful purpose, N.J.S.A. 2C:39-4(a) (count ten). The grand jury also returned

Indictment No. 07-02-0240 charging defendant with second-degree certain

persons not to have a firearm, N.J.S.A. 2C:39-7(b).

      Defendant failed to appear for a pre-arraignment conference. He was

apprehended two years later in Florida and arraigned on January 11, 2010.

      On March 31, 2010, defendant entered into a plea agreement. He pleaded

guilty to count one (attempted murder) and an amended count six (third-degree

aggravated assault with a deadly weapon) of Indictment No. 07-02-0238 and

count one (certain persons not to have a firearm) of Indictment No. 07-02-0240,

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in exchange for a recommended sentence of two concurrent ten-year terms under

the No Early Release Act (NERA), N.J.S.A. 2C:43-7.2, on Indictment No. 07-

02-0238, consecutive to a five-year term subject to a five-year period of parole

ineligibility, on Indictment No 07-02-0240. On May 24, 2010, defendant was

sentenced in accordance with the plea agreement.

      During the plea hearing, defendant acknowledged initialing and signing

the plea form. He indicated that he understood the questions on the plea forms

and that his answers were truthful. He confirmed that he was pleading guilty

because he committed the offenses.      He affirmed that no one had forced,

coerced, or threatened him or made any promises to get him to plead guilty. He

acknowledged the rights he was waiving by pleading guilty. He confirmed

understanding he was pleading guilty to NERA offenses that mandated five

years of parole after release. Defendant also confirmed reviewing the NERA

and Graves Act plea forms with counsel.

      Defendant acknowledged he had some college education and was not

under the influence of any drugs or alcohol that would impair his judgment

ability. Defendant confirmed more than once that he was satisfied with trial

counsel's legal advice. He indicated that he did not have any questions of the

court, the prosecutor, or trial counsel. Defendant also indicated that he had

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enough time to think about and discuss the plea agreement with trial counsel.

When asked if he knew "fully well what [he] was getting into," defendant

answered, "Yes." When asked by the court if the aggregate sentence was a ten-

year prison term with a consecutive five-year term subject to a five-year period

of parole ineligibility, defendant answered, "Yes." The court accepted the plea

and factual basis, finding they were "freely and voluntarily made without force

or coercion."

      Defendant appeared for sentencing on May 24, 2010. Trial counsel stated

there were no additions, deletions, or corrections to the presentence report. Trial

counsel noted the recommended sentence was comprised of two concurrent ten-

year NERA terms, consecutive to a five-year, must serve five term. Trial

counsel stated it would be "disingenuous" to argue that any mitigating factors

applied. He requested that the court sentence defendant in accordance with the

plea agreement. Counsel described the recommended sentence as "fair" and

asked the court to adopt it.

      During his allocution, defendant stated: "I would just like to apologize to

the people in the State of New Jersey and County of Middlesex for my wrongful

deeds. Never really intended to cause harm to anybody. I'm real sorry for it. I

apologize."

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      The trial court found aggravating factors three (risk of defendant

committing another offense), six (prior record), and nine (deterrence), N.J.S.A.

2C:44-1(a)(3), (6) and (9), and no mitigating factors. It determined that the

aggravating factors substantially outweighed the mitigating factors. Defendant

was sentenced in accordance with the plea agreement. Appropriate periods of

mandatory parole supervision were imposed pursuant to NERA. Defendant was

ordered to pay for the cost of extradition from Florida.

      Defendant filed a pro se PCR petition that was dismissed without

prejudice on October 11, 2012, "at the request of the defendant, in order to

attempt to file a late direct appeal."

      On December 16, 2013, defendant's sentence was affirmed on an

Excessive Sentence Oral Argument calendar. R. 2:9-11. We found his sentence

was not manifestly excessive or unduly punitive and did not constitute an abuse

of discretion.

      Defendant filed a motion to correct an illegal sentence on April 21, 2014.

The motion was denied without prejudice due to defendant's failure to attach

supporting documentation. Defendant later filed a second motion to correct an

illegal sentence that was denied on March 21, 2017, without prejudice to his

right to file a petition for PCR.

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      On May 11, 2017, defendant filed a second pro se PCR petition. The

petition alleged ineffective assistance of counsel. PCR Counsel was appointed

to represent defendant. Defendant claimed his guilty plea should be vacated

because it was entered without a full understanding of its consequences. He

asserted that at the time he pleaded guilty, he was not aware that the plea

agreement called for a fifteen-year term subject to parole ineligibility under

NERA on Indictment 07-02-0238, or that the certain persons offense sentence

on Indictment No. 07-02-0240 would run consecutively. Defendant also argued

that trial counsel was ineffective for not arguing that mitigating factors two

(defendant did not contemplate his conduct would cause or threaten serious

harm), three (defendant acted under a strong provocation), and nine (defendant

unlikely to reoffend), N.J.S.A. 2C:44-1(b)(2), (3) and (9), applied. Defendant

further argued that appellate counsel was ineffective by failing to argue that a

sentencing remand was required because the trial court did not provide a

statement of reasons for imposing consecutive sentences.          PCR counsel

submitted statements of individuals who would have been willing to speak on

defendant's behalf at the sentencing hearing if they had been contacted by trial

counsel. Defendant requested an evidentiary hearing.

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                                       7
      After hearing oral argument on June 4, 2018, Judge Flynn issued a June

27, 2018 order and June 25, 2018 twenty-seven-page written opinion denying

the petition without an evidentiary hearing.

      The court first addressed whether the petition was time-barred. Rule 3:22-

12 requires a petition for PCR to be filed within five years after the date of entry

of the judgment of conviction. Defendant was sentenced on May 24, 2010. The

judgments of conviction were entered the following day. His petition was filed

over seven years later on June 12, 2017. Defendant conceded that his petition

was filed two years out-of-time. He contended, however, that the time-bar

should not be enforced because his failure to timely file his petition was due to

"excusable neglect and that there is a reasonable probability that if [his] factual

assertions were found to be true enforcement of the time bar would result in a

fundamental injustice." (Quoting R. 3:22-12(a)(1)(A)). He claimed the issues

presented were "identical to the issues he wanted to raise in his motion to correct

an illegal sentence." The court noted, however, that defendant's motion to

correct an illegal sentence was filed in July 2016, and likewise beyond the five-

year time limit.

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                                         8
      The court determined the petition was time-barred. It noted defendant

conceded that "ignorance of the law is not a sufficient excuse for delay in filing."

The court further noted that defendant's sentence was upheld on direct appeal.

      Pursuant to State v. O'Donnell, 435 N.J. Super. 351, 368 (App. Div. 2014),

the court separately considered defendant's motion to withdraw his guilty plea,

which was not time-barred. The court rejected defendant's claim that his plea

was not knowing and voluntary and the product of ineffective assistance of

counsel.   The court found that the plea forms and plea transcript refuted

defendant's claim that he was not sufficiently advised of his sentence

recommendation of an aggregate fifteen-year term, subject to over thirteen years

of parole ineligibility.   The court determined that the transcripts of those

hearings demonstrated that any confusion regarding whether the terms were

consecutive or concurrent terms was addressed and clarified during the

subsequent plea hearing. Consequently, the court found "defendant was well

aware of his maximum exposure," and had "failed to establish he was

prejudiced" or that "but for counsel's errors, he would have proceeded to trial."

Accordingly, it concluded defendant "did not receive ineffective assistance of

counsel during his plea bargaining."

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      The court determined that the plea colloquy demonstrated that the plea

was entered knowingly and voluntarily and that the requirements of Rule 3:9-2

were met.

      The court then applied the four factors adopted in State v. Slater, 198 N.J.
145, 157-58 (2009). As to the first factor, the court found defendant did not

assert a colorable claim of innocence. "Rather, defendant Alvarado states that

he did not intend to kill anyone, and only wanted to scare London by firing

bullets at the ground." When difficulties obtaining a factual basis for a plea to

attempted murder arose, the plea was amended to aggravated assault under count

six. The court concluded that defendant's "self-serving" claim of innocence was

"merely a blanket, bald statement that is insufficient to satisfy prong [one] of

Slater."

      As to the second factor, the court concluded defendant "ha[d] not

established a fair and just reason for withdrawing his guilty plea ," reiterating

that it was "clear that the defendant was in fact informed of his aggregate plea

term."

      The court stated that the third factor, the existence of plea agreement,

applied but "should not be given great weight in the balancing process," citing

Slater, 198 N.J. at 161.

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                                      10
      With respect to the fourth factor, whether withdrawal would prejudice the

State, the court noted the State is not required to establish prejudice since

defendant did not satisfy the first, second, or third factors, citing Slater, 198 N.J.

at 162.

      Based on its findings that defendant failed to satisfy the Slater factors and

had not established that a failure to withdraw his guilty plea would result in a

manifest injustice, the court denied the motion.

      The court next addressed defendant's claim that trial counsel was

ineffective during the sentencing hearing by failing to argue mitigating factors

two, three, and nine applied. It noted that failure to assert mitigating factors

only amounted to ineffective assistance of counsel when "evidential support"

existed for the omitted mitigating factors, quoting State v. Hess, 207 N.J. 123,

149 (2011).

      As to mitigating factor two, defendant argued he only intended to scare

the victim by firing a gun in his direction and did not contemplate a chance of

harm. The court found "no evidential proof to support mitigating factor [two],"

noting that defendant acknowledged during the plea hearing that he understood

that if the victim was struck it could have killed him. The court concluded

"defense counsel could not have legitimately argued, based upon the facts of this

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                                        11
case, that the defendant did not contemplate that his conduct could threaten

serious harm to the victim."

       As to mitigating factor three, the court found defendant did not provide

any evidence that supported his claim that he acted under a strong provocation.

Thus, the court found no basis for applying mitigating factor three. Similarly,

the court found no evidential support for applying mitigating factor nine.

Accordingly, the court concluded defendant did not demonstrate that counsel's

performance was deficient or that he was prejudiced by counsel's failure to argue

the mitigating factors applied, thus failing to satisfy either prong under

Strickland.2 The court explained that defendant received prison terms in "the

bottom of the sentencing range" as to each of the crimes he pleaded guilty to.

Moreover, the indictments exposed defendant to a far longer aggregate sentence

if he had gone to trial.

       Lastly, the court rejected defendant's claim that appellate counsel was

ineffective for failing to argue the trial court neglected to state justificati ons for

imposing consecutive sentences. The court stated, "defendant's contentions

regarding consecutive sentences or the absence of reasons for imposition of the

2
    Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984).
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                                         12
consecutive sentences do not relate to the issue of sentence 'legality' and are not

cognizable on PCR," quoting State v. Acevedo, 205 N.J. 40, 47 (2011).

      Based on these findings and legal conclusions, the court found defendant

failed to establish a prima facie case of ineffective assistance of counsel and

denied defendant's petition without an evidentiary hearing.           This appeal

followed.

      Defendant raises the following points for our consideration:

            POINT ONE

            THE TIME BAR OF [RULE] 3:22-12 SHOULD NOT
            BE APPLIED TO DEFENDANT'S PETITION FOR
            POST-CONVICTION RELIEF.

            POINT TWO

            THE PCR COURT ERRED WHEN IT FAILED TO
            GRANT DEFENDANT'S REQUEST FOR AN
            EVIDENTIARY HEARING BECAUSE THE PLEA
            FORM    AND     TRANSCRIPT    SUPPORTED
            DEFENDANT'S CLAIM, AND ESTABLISHED A
            PRIMA FACIE CASE, THAT HIS TRIAL
            ATTORNEY NEVER TOLD HIM HE COULD
            RECEIVE A FIFTEEN[-]YEAR SENTENCE UNDER
            THE TERMS OF THE PLEA AGREEMENT.

            POINT THREE

            THE FAILURE OF TRIAL COUNSEL TO ASSURE
            THAT DEFENDANT'S TESTIMONY AT THE PLEA
            HEARING ESTABLISHED A FACTUAL BASIS FOR
            THE CRIME OF ATTEMPTED MURDER, DESPITE

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                                       13
               THE FACT COUNSEL HIMSELF ATTEMPTED TO
               ELICIT THE FACTUAL BASIS, DEPRIVED
               DEFENDANT OF HIS CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT
               TO THE EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.

               POINT FOUR

               THE FAILURE OF TRIAL COUNSEL TO ADVISE
               DEFENDANT THAT THE PRIMARY PENAL
               CONSEQUENCE OF HIS GUILTY PLEA WAS
               THAT HE COULD BE SENTENCED TO AN
               AGGREGATE FIFTEEN[-]YEAR PRISON TERM,
               DEPRIVED      DEFENDANT     OF     HIS
               CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO THE EFFECTIVE
               ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.

               POINT FIVE

               THE PCR COURT ERRED WHEN IT FAILED TO
               GRANT DEFENDANT A NEW SENTENCE
               HEARING AS A RESULT OF TRIAL COUNSEL'S
               FAILURE TO ARGUE IN FAVOR OF MITIGATING
               FACTORS AND FOR THE IMPOSITION OF
               CONCURRENT SENTENCES.

               POINT SIX

               THE ABSENCE OF ANY LEGAL ARGUMENT BY
               APPELLATE   COUNSEL   REGARDING   THE
               SENTENCING COURT'S FAILURE TO EXPLAIN
               WHY IT IMPOSED CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES
               CONSTITUTED INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF
               APPELLATE COUNSEL.

         Our careful review of the record reveals that each of these arguments lack

merit.

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                                         14
                                       II.

      Under the Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution, a criminal

defendant is guaranteed the effective assistance of legal counsel in his defense.

Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687. To establish a deprivation of that right, a convicted

defendant must satisfy the two-part test enunciated in Strickland by

demonstrating that: (1) counsel's performance was deficient, and (2) the

deficient performance actually prejudiced the accused's defense. Ibid.; accord

State v. Fritz, 105 N.J. 42, 58 (1987) (adopting the Strickland two-part test in

New Jersey).

      When a guilty plea is involved, a defendant must satisfy two criteria to set

aside the plea based on ineffective assistance of counsel. State v. Nuñez-Valdéz,

200 N.J. 129, 139 (2009). The defendant must demonstrate that "(i) counsel's

assistance was not 'within the range of competence demanded of attorneys in

criminal cases'; and (ii) 'that there is a reasonable probability that, but for

counsel's errors, [the defendant] would not have pled guilty and would have

insisted on going to trial.'"   Ibid. (alteration in original) (quoting State v.

DiFrisco, 137 N.J. 434, 457 (1994)).

      PCR courts are not required to conduct evidentiary hearings unless the

defendant establishes a prima facie case and "there are material issues of

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                                       15
disputed fact that cannot be resolved by reference to the existing record." R.

3:22-10(b).   "To establish such a prima facie case, the defendant must

demonstrate a reasonable likelihood that his or her claim will ultimately succeed

on the merits." State v. Marshall, 148 N.J. 89, 158 (1997). As the PCR court

did not hold an evidentiary hearing, we undertake a de novo review. State v.

Parker, 212 N.J. 269, 278 (2012).

      Rule 3:21-1 permits a motion to withdraw a plea of guilty to be made after

sentencing to "correct a manifest injustice." Trial courts should consider the

following factors when evaluating motions to withdraw a guilty plea: "(1)

whether the defendant has asserted a colorable claim of innocence; (2) the nature

and strength of defendant’s reasons for withdrawal; (3) the existence of a plea

bargain; and (4) whether withdrawal would result in unfair prejudice to the State

or unfair advantage to the accused." Slater, 198 N.J. at 150.

                                      III.

      We affirm the denial of defendant's petition substantially for the reasons

stated by Judge Flynn in her well-reasoned and thorough written opinion. Her

factual findings are fully supported by the record and her legal conclusions

comport with applicable legal principles. We add the following comments.

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                                      16
      Defendant's petition is clearly time-barred. His petition was filed seven

years after the judgment of conviction was entered.         Defendant did not

demonstrate "excusable neglect" or establish that enforcing "the time bar would

result in a fundamental injustice." R. 3:22-12(a)(1)(A).

      Defendant's petition was also substantively without merit. Defendant did

not establish a prima facie case of ineffective assistance of trial counsel.

Defendant did not show that he was prejudiced by trial counsel not arguing for

the application of mitigating factors two, three, and nine.       His claims of

ineffective assistance of appellate counsel regarding consecutive sentences were

not cognizable on PCR. Acevedo, 205 N.J. at 47. The petition was properly

denied without an evidentiary hearing. R. 3:22-10(b).

      Defendant's motion to withdraw his guilty plea was also without merit.

Defendant gave an adequate factual basis for his plea. He did not satisfy factors

one, two, or three of the Slater test. Therefore, the State was not obligated to

show prejudice. Slater, 198 N.J. at 162. The motion was properly denied.

      Affirmed.

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