Court Opinion

ID: 4390520
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-04-24 21:00:27.502626+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:51:43.042240
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        APR 24 2019
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

BAHAR MIKHAK,                                   No.    17-17535

                Plaintiff-Appellant,            D.C. No. 3:16-cv-00901-CRB

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX, INC.,

                Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Northern District of California
                   Charles R. Breyer, District Judge, Presiding

                            Submitted April 17, 2019**

Before:      McKEOWN, BYBEE, and OWENS, Circuit Judges.

      Bahar Mikhak appeals pro se from the district court’s judgment dismissing

for failure to prosecute her employment action alleging federal and state law

claims. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review for an abuse of

discretion. Omstead v. Dell, Inc., 594 F.3d 1081, 1084 (9th Cir. 2010). We affirm.

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      The district court did not abuse its discretion by dismissing Mikhak’s action

for failure to prosecute because Mikhak did not comply with the district court’s

orders directing Mikhak to initiate arbitration despite being warned that

noncompliance could result in dismissal. See id. (discussing the five factors for

determining whether to dismiss under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) for failure to prosecute

or comply with a court order); Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260 (9th Cir.

1992) (although dismissal is a harsh penalty, a district court’s dismissal should not

be disturbed absent “a definite and firm conviction” that it “committed a clear error

of judgment” (citation and internal quotation marks omitted)); see also Pioneer

Inv. Servs. Co. v. Brunswick Assoc. Ltd. Partnership, 507 U.S. 380, 396 (1993)

(holding that clients must be held accountable for the acts and omissions of their

attorneys).

      Because Mikhak’s action was dismissed for failure to prosecute, we do not

consider her challenges to the district court’s interlocutory orders. See Al-Torki v.

Kaempen, 78 F.3d 1381, 1386 (9th Cir. 1996) (“[I]nterlocutory orders, generally

appealable after final judgment, are not appealable after a dismissal for failure to

prosecute[.]”).

      We do not consider documents not presented to the district court. See

United States v. Elias, 921 F.2d 870, 874 (9th Cir. 1990) (“Documents or facts not

presented to the district court are not part of the record on appeal.”).

                                           2                                   17-17535
      We reject as unsupported by the record Mikhak’s contentions that defendant

and its counsel committed perjury, that defendant’s counsel and the district court

engaged in misconduct, or that Mikhak was denied an opportunity to file reply

briefs in response to various filings by defendant.

      Mikhak’s motion to present new issues and analyses (Docket Entry No. 27)

is denied.

      Defendant’s motion to strike (Docket Entry No. 35) is denied as

unnecessary.

      AFFIRMED.

                                          3                                  17-17535