Court Opinion

ID: 6327029
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-03-25 20:00:33.608285+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:22:19.570080
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MAR 25 2022
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                       No.    21-10068

                Plaintiff-Appellee,             D.C. No.
                                                2:20-cr-00114-JCM-NJK-1
 v.

MIGUEL MURILLO-RAMOS, AKA                       MEMORANDUM*
Giovanni Alberto Murillo, AKA Miguel
Antonio Murillo,

                Defendant-Appellant.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                            for the District of Nevada
                    James C. Mahan, District Judge, Presiding

                     Argued and Submitted February 17, 2022
                            San Francisco, California

Before: GOULD and RAWLINSON, Circuit Judges, and ZIPPS,** District Judge.

      Appellant, Miguel Murillo-Ramos, is a native and citizen of Mexico who

came to the United States early in his infancy. On November 10, 2010, Appellant

was convicted of Robbery and Battery with Use of Deadly Weapon and sentenced

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The Honorable Jennifer G. Zipps, United States District Judge for the
District of Arizona, sitting by designation.
to a minimum of 26 months and a maximum of 120 months in custody. After

completion of his sentence, Appellant was removed to Mexico on January 17, 2015.

      On November 8, 2017, Appellant was arrested by Immigration and Customs

Enforcement Agents in Las Vegas. On August 6, 2018, Appellant pled guilty to

another felony Illegal Reentry charge. On November 5, 2018, a district court

sentenced Appellant to eighteen months in prison, followed by three years of

supervised release. On April 6, 2019, the defendant was once again removed from

the United States to Mexico.

      On June 3, 2020, Appellant was indicted for being a deported alien found in

the United States in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a) and (b). Appellant pled guilty

without a plea agreement. The district court sentenced Appellant to prison for 46

months followed by three years of supervised release with standard conditions.

Appellant appeals his 46-month prison sentence and the imposition of three years of

supervised release with standard conditions.

      On appeal, we first consider whether the district court committed significant

procedural error, then we consider the substantive reasonableness of the sentence.

United States v. Carty, 520 F.3d 984, 993 (9th Cir. 2008) (en banc); Gall v. United

States, 552 U.S. 38, 51 (2007). When an appellant does not challenge an alleged

procedural error below, this Court reviews for plain error. United States v. Bonilla-

Guizar, 729 F.3d 1179, 1187 (9th Cir. 2013). Plain error review requires initially

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three things to be determined, followed by a discretionary decision. “First, there

must be an error that has not been intentionally relinquished or abandoned. Second,

the error must be plain—that is to say, clear or obvious. Third, the error must have

affected the defendant's substantial rights.” Rosales-Mireles v. United States, 138 S.

Ct. 1897, 1904 (2018) (citation omitted). When those elements of plain error have

been established, we then have discretion whether to recognize the plain error. Id.

      First, Appellant argues that the district court “procedurally err[ed] by failing

to explain its analysis of the mitigating arguments” because the district court did not

specifically address each of Appellant’s mitigating arguments.

      Any sentence imposed must not be greater than necessary to fulfill the

sentencing purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). When issuing a sentence, the district

court, “at the time of sentencing, shall state in open court the reasons for its

imposition of the particular sentence . . .” Id. § 3553(c). When a district court

pronounces its sentence, it need not go into a detailed line-by-line review of

mitigating arguments. Carty, 520 F.3d at 992–93. A district court must explain a

sentence sufficiently to permit meaningful appellate review. Id. at 993. The district

court must set “forth enough to satisfy the appellate court that [it] has considered the

parties’ arguments and has a reasoned basis for exercising [its] own legal

decisionmaking authority.” Rita v. United States, 551 U.S. 338, 356 (2007).

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      Appellant’s contention that the district court did not consider his mitigating

arguments fails. Review of the sentencing decision and the transcript of the hearing

shows that the district court properly considered the sentencing factors after hearing

arguments from both the government and the Appellant’s attorney before issuing its

sentencing decision. Especially important is the fact that Appellant reentered the

United States illegally on at least two prior instances. Given the deference afforded

to the district court’s sentencing decisions, United States v. Dewey, 599 F.3d 1010,

1016 (9th Cir. 2010), Appellant’s sentence is proper and will not be disturbed.

      Next, Appellant argues that the district court’s imposition of three years of

supervised release was unreasonable. We disagree.

      “The court, in imposing a sentence . . . may include as a part of the sentence

a requirement that the defendant be placed on a term of supervised release after

imprisonment.” 18 U.S.C. § 3583(a). However, “[t]he court ordinarily should not

impose a term of supervised release in a case in which supervised release is not

required by statute and the defendant is a deportable alien who likely will be

deported after imprisonment.” U.S.S.G. § 5D1.1(c). Application Note 5 explaining

Section 5D1.1(c), states that a court “should . . . consider imposing a term of

supervised release . . . if the court determines it would provide an added measure of

deterrence and protection based on the facts and circumstances of a particular case.”

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U.S.S.G. § 5D1.1 cmt. n.5. “[A]dequate explanation in some cases may also be

inferred from the PSR or the record as a whole.” Carty, 520 F.3d at 992.

      In this case, the district court’s imposition of supervised release was proper as

an added level of deterrence based on Appellant’s history of prior illegal reentries.

With each arrest, Appellant represented to a court of law that he would not return to

the United States after removal, yet Appellant continued to do so knowing that his

reentry was unlawful. The district court’s imposition of supervised release was a

proper exercise of discretion.

      AFFIRMED.

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