Court Opinion

ID: 4541906
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-06-17 07:05:06.733044+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:47:08.413527
License: Public Domain

Court of Appeals
of the State of Georgia

                                         ATLANTA,____________________
                                                  June 08, 2020

The Court of Appeals hereby passes the following order:

A20A1881. JEFFREY EDWARD MOSS v. THE STATE.

      In 2016, a jury found Jeffrey Moss guilty of several sexual offenses, and the
Monroe County Superior Court imposed a total sentence of three life terms plus
twenty years in prison. The trial court denied Moss’s counseled motion for a new
trial on January 8, 2020, and he filed a pro se notice of appeal on March 6, 2020. We
lack jurisdiction because, pretermitting whether Moss remains represented by counsel
– which would render his pro se notice of appeal a nullity1 – his appeal is untimely.

      1
        “A criminal defendant in Georgia does not have the right to represent himself
and also be represented by an attorney, and pro se filings by represented parties are
therefore unauthorized and without effect.” Tolbert v. Toole, 296 Ga. 357, 363 (3)
(767 SE2d 24) (2014) (punctuation omitted). “A formal withdrawal of counsel
cannot be accomplished until after the trial court issues an order permitting the
withdrawal. Until such an order properly is made and entered, no formal withdrawal
can occur and counsel remains counsel of record.” Id. at 362 (3) (punctuation
omitted). Here, the record contains no indication that the trial court entered a written
order relieving Moss’s counsel of his representation. Nevertheless, because Moss
filed his pro se notice of appeal in the term of court following the term of court in
which his motion for a new trial was denied, see OCGA § 15-6-3 (40.1) (C), we
express no opinion on whether he remained represented by counsel at that time. See
generally White v. State, 302 Ga. 315, 318-319 (2) (806 SE2d 489) (2017) (explaining
that “defense counsel’s duties toward their clients extend for at least the 30 days after
the entry of judgment when a notice of appeal may be filed” and that, “at a minimum,
legal representation continues – unless interrupted by entry of an order allowing
counsel to withdraw or compliance with the requirements for substitution of counsel,
see USCR 4.3 (1)-(3) – through the end of the term at which a trial court enters a
judgment of conviction”); accord Soberanis v. State, 345 Ga. App. 403, 405 (812
      A notice of appeal must be filed within 30 days of entry of the judgment or trial
court order sought to be appealed. OCGA § 5-6-38 (a). The proper and timely filing
of a notice of appeal is an absolute requirement to confer appellate jurisdiction on this
Court. Rowland v. State, 264 Ga. 872, 872 (1) (452 SE2d 756) (1995). We note that
Moss’s pro se notice of appeal was filed less than 30 days after the denial of his pro
se motion for reconsideration of the denial of his motion for a new trial. Pretermitting
whether that motion was a nullity,2 it does not render this appeal timely. That is
because a motion for reconsideration does not extend the time for filing an appellate
challenge to an appealable order, and the denial of a motion for reconsideration is not
appealable in its own right. See State v. White, 282 Ga. 859, 860 (1) (655 SE2d 575)
(2008); see also State v. Lynch, 286 Ga. 98, 102 (2) (686 SE2d 244) (2009); Savage
v. Newsome, 173 Ga. App. 271, 271 (326 SE2d 5) (1985). Consequently, the denial
of Moss’s motion for reconsideration is not appealable, and his notice of appeal –
filed 58 days after entry of the denial of his motion for a new trial – is untimely. See
OCGA § 5-6-38 (a); Lynch, 286 Ga. at 102 (2); White, 282 Ga. at 860 (1); Savage,
173 Ga. App. at 271. We therefore lack jurisdiction over this untimely appeal, which
is hereby DISMISSED.
      Because Moss was represented by counsel before the trial court, he is informed
of the following in accordance with Rowland v. State, 264 Ga. 872, 875-876 (2) (452
SE2d 756) (1995): This appeal has been dismissed because you failed to file a proper
and timely notice of appeal. If you still wish to appeal, you may petition the trial
court for leave to file an out-of-time appeal. If the trial court grants your request, you
will have 30 days from the entry of that order to file a notice of appeal referencing
your conviction. If the trial court denies your request, you will have 30 days from the

SE2d 800) (2018) (the defendant’s pro se notice of appeal from his judgment of
conviction, filed within the term of court in which the judgment was entered, was a
legal nullity because the record contained no indication that the trial court had
formally permitted his trial counsel to withdraw).
      2
          See generally note 1, above.
entry of that order to file a notice of appeal referencing the denial of your request for
an out-of-time appeal.
      The Clerk of Court is DIRECTED to send a copy of this order to Moss and to
his attorney, and the latter also is DIRECTED to send a copy to Moss.

                                         Court of Appeals of the State of Georgia
                                                Clerk’s Office, Atlanta,____________________
                                                                          06/08/2020
                                                I certify that the above is a true extract from
                                         the minutes of the Court of Appeals of Georgia.
                                                Witness my signature and the seal of said court
                                         hereto affixed the day and year last above written.

                                                                                         , Clerk.