Court Opinion

ID: 3214260
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-06-17 14:09:41.60481+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:29:22.934850
License: Public Domain

STATE OF MICHIGAN

                            COURT OF APPEALS

PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN,                                     UNPUBLISHED
                                                                     June 16, 2016
               Plaintiff-Appellee,

v                                                                    No. 326848
                                                                     Eaton Circuit Court
ANTHONY LAMAR BONNER,                                                LC No. 11-020244-FH

               Defendant-Appellant.

Before: Sawyer, P.J., and HOEKSTRA and WILDER, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

         Defendant was convicted by a jury of three counts of assault with a dangerous weapon
(felonious assault), MCL 750.82(1), but was acquitted of one count of felon in possession of a
firearm, MCL 750.224f. The trial court placed defendant on probation, which included an order
of restitution. Defendant’s original convictions were affirmed by this Court in People v Bonner,
unpublished opinion per curiam of the Court of Appeals, issued October 23, 2012 (Docket No.
307162). Defendant violated the terms of his probation and the trial court sentenced him to 24 to
96 months in prison with the order of restitution continued. Defendant appeals as of right.
Because fact-finding incident to an order of restitution does not implicate defendant’s
constitutional right to a jury trial, we affirm.

         In 2011, a jury found defendant guilty of three counts of felonious assault. The trial court
sentenced defendant as an habitual offender, third offense, MCL 769.11, to 36 months’ probation
with the first 365 days to be served in jail. The trial court also ordered defendant to pay
restitution. In 2013, and again in 2014, defendant violated his probation, which resulted in the
trial court extending defendant’s probation and ordering defendant to complete community
service. Then, on March 9, 2015, the trial court found that defendant had again violated the
terms of his probation. The trial court revoked defendant’s probation, sentenced defendant to 24
to 96 months’ imprisonment with credit for 373 days served, and continued defendant’s

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restitution obligation. Defendant later moved for resentencing, but his motion was denied by the
trial court. Defendant now appeals as of right.1

        On appeal, relying on Southern Union Co v United States, 567 US ___; 132 S. Ct. 2344,
2350-2351; 183 L. Ed. 2d 318 (2012), defendant argues that Michigan’s restitution scheme is
unconstitutional because it permits the trial court to impose restitution on the basis of facts not
proven beyond a reasonable doubt or admitted by the defendant. In particular, in Southern
Union Co, the Court concluded that criminal fines, as a form of punishment, were subject to the
rule, under Apprendi, that “[o]ther than the fact of a prior conviction, any fact that increases the
penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to a jury, and
proved beyond a reasonable doubt.” Id. at 567 US at __; 132 S. Ct. at 2350, 2357, quoting
Apprendi v New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 490; 120 S. Ct. 2348; 147 L. Ed. 2d 435 (2000). Defendant
now argues that these same principles should prevent the trial court from making factual
determinations when imposing restitution.

         Defendant’s constitutional argument is plainly without merit in light of this Court’s
decision in People v Corbin, 312 Mich. App. 352; ___ NW2d ___ (2015). In that case, this Court
specifically rejected a Sixth Amendment argument identical to that raised by defendant,
concluding that judicial fact-finding to determine the appropriate amount of restitution does not
implicate a defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial because “[a] criminal fine and
restitution are not synonymous[.]” Id. at 372-373. In so holding, this Court examined the nature
of restitution, we considered Southern Union as well as precedent from other jurisdictions
addressing restitution under Southern Union, and we acknowledged our Supreme Court’s recent
Apprendi-related decision in Lockridge,2 finding that “[n]othing in Lockridge suggests that its
reasoning encompasses restitution orders entered in conjunction with sentencing.” Corbin, 312

1
  On appeal, defendant initially raised two challenges involving the scoring of offense variables
at sentencing, arguing that the scoring was clearly erroneous and that resentencing was required
due to judicial fact-finding. However, since the filing of his appellate brief, defendant has served
his minimum sentence and he has been paroled. In light of defendant’s recent parole, his
attorney has informed this Court that these sentencing issues should be considered withdrawn,
presumably because his parole renders his sentencing claims moot. See People v Kaczmarek,
464 Mich. 478, 481; 628 NW2d 484 (2001). Given defendant’s express withdrawal of these
arguments, we consider them abandoned and will not address them on appeal.
2
  In Lockridge, our Supreme Court considered the rule from Apprendi as extended to mandatory
minimum sentencing by Alleyne v United States, __ US__; 133 S. Ct. 2151; 186 L. Ed. 2d 314
(2013).     The Court concluded that Michigan’s legislative sentencing guidelines are
unconstitutional insofar as the guidelines require judicial fact-finding at sentencing which then
mandatorily increases the minimum sentencing range under the guidelines. People v Lockridge,
498 Mich. 358, 364; 870 NW2d 502 (2015).

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Mich App at 372-373 & n 5. In short, under Corbin, defendant’s restitution argument is without
merit.3

       Affirmed.

                                                             /s/ David H. Sawyer
                                                             /s/ Joel P. Hoekstra
                                                             /s/ Kurtis T. Wilder

3
   Given our conclusion that defendant’s restitution challenge is meritless, we also reject
defendant’s contention that counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel by failing to object
to the order of restitution based on Southern Union. Counsel is not ineffective for failing to raise
a meritless objection. See People v Ericksen, 288 Mich. App. 192, 201; 793 NW2d 120 (2010).

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