Court Opinion

ID: 2729454
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-09-08 21:42:16.563424+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:26:57.448823
License: Public Domain

FILED
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D),
this Memorandum Decision shall not be
regarded as precedent or cited before                        Sep 26 2012, 9:05 am
any court except for the purpose of
establishing the defense of res judicata,                           CLERK
collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.                      of the supreme court,
                                                                  court of appeals and
                                                                         tax court

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:                            ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
                                                   REVIEW BOARD OF THE INDIANA
ZACHARY A. WITTE                                   DEPARTMENT OF WORKFORCE
Locke & Witte                                      DEVELOPMENT:
Fort Wayne, Indiana
                                                   GREGORY F. ZOELLER
                                                   Attorney General of Indiana

                                                   STEPHANIE ROTHENBERG
                                                   Deputy Attorney General
                                                   Indianapolis, Indiana

                               IN THE
                     COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

LEADERS STAFFING LLC,                              )
                                                   )
       Appellant,                                  )
                                                   )
               vs.                                 )    No. 93A02-1202-EX-149
                                                   )
REVIEW BOARD OF THE INDIANA                        )
DEPARTMENT OF WORKFORCE                            )
DEVELOPMENT and                                    )
JASON P. BALLARD,                                  )
                                                   )
       Appellees.                                  )

               APPEAL FROM THE REVIEW BOARD OF THE DEPARTMENT
                         OF WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT
                                Cause No. 12-R-146

                                       September 26, 2012
                  MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION

BRADFORD, Judge

       Appellant Leaders Staffing LLC (“Leaders”) appeals from the Review Board of the

Indiana Department of Workforce Development’s (“Review Board”) decision that it did not

meet its burden of proving that Jason P. Ballard was discharged for just cause. We reverse.

                           FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

       Leaders is a staffing agency with an office in Fort Wayne. Ballard was employed by

Leaders as a painter from May 18, 2009, to November 28, 2011. Initially, Ballard was

assigned to work at a company called Rhinehart Finishing. However, after suffering a

workplace injury, Ballard was placed on “light duty” and was assigned to work at Leaders’s

office. Tr. p. 7. When Ballard began working in Leaders’s office, he signed a document

which set forth certain company rules and policies.1 Jerome Shaw, a staffing coordinator at

Leaders, claims that the document signed by Ballard stated that company computers were to

be used for “business purposes only,” and any violation of this rule could result in

termination. Tr. p. 8.

       On November 28, 2011, Greg Kurtz, a salesperson for Leaders, walked in on Ballard

watching what appeared to be a pornographic video on a company computer. Kurtz

immediately notified Shaw of what he had witnessed. After discussing the matter with

Kurtz, Shaw spoke to Ballard. Ballard denied watching a pornographic video, claiming

       1
           A copy of the document signed by Ballard was not included in the record on review.

                                                    2
instead that he had been checking to see if the computer was working properly by watching a

pre-installed family friendly video. Shaw determined that Ballard had violated the company

rule regarding use of company computers and terminated his employment.

       Following the termination of his employment, Ballard submitted a claim for

unemployment insurance benefits. On December 14, 2011, a claims deputy for the Indiana

Department of Workforce Development (“Department”) determined that Ballard was not

discharged for just cause and was therefore eligible for unemployment insurance benefits.

Leaders appealed the claims deputy’s determination on December 16, 2011.

       On December 22, 2011, the Department mailed a Notice of Hearing to both parties

scheduling a hearing, which would be conducted by an Administrative Law Judge (“ALJ”),

for January 3, 2012. Following the conclusion of the hearing, the ALJ reversed the

determination of the claims deputy. Ballard appealed the ALJ’s decision to the Review

Board. On January 26, 2012, the Review Board issued a decision reversing the ALJ’s

determination that Ballard was not entitled to unemployment benefits. This appeal follows.

                            DISCUSSION AND DECISION

       On judicial review of an unemployment compensation proceeding, we determine

whether the decision of the Review Board is reasonable in light of its findings. Value World

Inc. of Ind. v. Review Bd. of Ind. Unemp’t Dept. of Workforce Dev., 927 N.E.2d 945, 947

(Ind. Ct. App. 2010). We are bound by the Review Board’s resolution of all factual matters;

thus, we neither reweigh evidence nor reassess witness credibility. Id. at 948. Rather, we

consider only the evidence most favorable to the Review Board’s decision and the reasonable

                                             3
inferences to be drawn therefrom, and if there is substantial evidence of probative value to

support the Review Board’s conclusion, it will not be set aside. Id. When, however, an

appeal involves a question of law, we are not bound by the agency’s interpretation of law,

and we will reverse a decision if the Review Board incorrectly interprets a statute. Id.

       In a discharge case, unemployment compensation may be denied to employees who

are discharged for just cause. Watterson v. Review Bd. of the Ind. Dep’t of Emp’t and

Training Servs., 568 N.E.2d 1102, 1104 (Ind. Ct. App. 1991). The employer bears the

burden of proving that it discharged the claimant for just cause. Stanrail Corp. v. Unemp’t

Ins. Review Bd., 734 N.E.2d 1102, 1104 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000). Indiana Code section 22-4-15-

1(d)(2) (2011) provides that the term “discharge for just cause” is defined to include any

“knowing violation of a reasonable and uniformly enforced rule of an employer.” In order to

establish a prima facie case for violation of an employer rule under Indiana Code section 22-

4-15-1(d)(2), it is necessary for the employer to show that the claimant: (1) knowingly

violated; (2) a reasonable; and (3) uniformly enforced rule. Stanrail Corp. v. Review Bd. of

the Dep’t of Workforce Dev., 735 N.E.2d 1197, 1203 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000), trans. denied.

“After an employer has met [its] burden, the claimant must present evidence to rebut the

employer’s prima facie showing.” Id.

       “As a matter of law, unless the parties stipulate to what the rule states, if the rule is not

reduced to writing when introduced into evidence, it is impossible for this court to fairly and

reasonably review the Board’s decision.” Blackwell v. Review Bd. of the Ind. Dep’t of Emp’t

and Training Servs., 560 N.E.2d 674, (Ind. Ct. App. 1990); see also Watterson, 568 N.E.2d

                                                4
at 1104-05. “We believe that [written documentation or a stipulation to the rule] is the

minimum evidence necessary for the employer to satisfy its burden, by substantial evidence

of probative value, that it has a rule and that that rule is reasonable and uniformly enforced.”

Watterson, 568 N.E.2d at 1105.

       In the instant matter, Shaw testified during the evidentiary hearing that Ballard was

discharged after he committed a violation of Leaders’s rule regarding the use of company

computers. Leaders did not introduce a written copy of this rule into evidence. The only

evidence relating to this rule was introduced through Shaw’s oral testimony. As such, we

must determine whether Ballard stipulated to the rule as described by Shaw before we can

attempt to discern the content of this rule. See id. at 1105. If Ballard did not stipulate to the

language of the rule as described by Shaw, we will be unable to discern the content of this

rule and likewise will be unable to determine whether it is reasonable and uniformly

enforced. See id.

       Shaw testified that Leaders’s rule concerning the use of company computers read as

follows:

       As a matter of course, Employees will have access to confidential information.
       It is a condition of employment that you don’t disclose this information to third
       parties during or after employment. And as far as the equipment that’s
       company property, such as laser printers, copiers, computers and all production
       tools are to be used for Leaders Staffing business purposes only.

Tr. p. 8. Shaw further testified that a violation of this rule could result in discharge. After

Shaw read the rule, the ALJ asked Ballard if he would stipulate to the language of the rule as

read by Shaw, and the following exchange took place:

                                               5
        [Ballard]      I think so. I signed a paper but I don’t remember if that was the
        one that I signed.
        [ALJ]          Okay, so, what, what, what I’m asking you is, is, is that the
        Employer’s policy? Do you stipulate that that is their policy?
        [Ballard]      I, I would imagine so, I, I don’t …
        [ALJ]          Okay.
        [Ballard]      Okay, ma’am?

Tr. p. 9.

        Based on this exchange between Ballard and the ALJ, we conclude that Ballard’s

responses to the ALJ’s questions were sufficient to amount to a stipulation to Leaders’s rule

as read by Shaw. As such, we further conclude that the Review Board erred in reversing the

ALJ’s determination that Ballard was fired for just cause following a knowing violation of a

uniformly enforced rule relating to use of company computers.2

            The judgment of the Review Board is reversed.

ROBB, C.J., and BAKER, J., concur.

        2
         Ballard does not dispute the ALJ’s determination that Leaders’s rule relating to usage of company
computers applied to all employees and was uniformly enforced.

                                                    6