Court Opinion

ID: 815014
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-01-09 14:04:24+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:00:54.300943
License: Public Domain

Case: 12-50335       Document: 00512104887         Page: 1     Date Filed: 01/08/2013

           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT  United States Court of Appeals
                                                    Fifth Circuit

                                                                            FILED
                                                                          January 8, 2013
                                     No. 12-50335
                                   Summary Calendar                        Lyle W. Cayce
                                                                                Clerk

ALAN URESTI,

                                                  Plaintiff-Appellant

v.

ROSARIO REYES, Individually and/or Jointly and as Attorney At Law and
Officer of the Court; DOUGLAS DUNN, Individually and/or Jointly and as
Employee of Milan Institute of Cosmetology; MILAN INSTITUTE OF
COSMETOLOGY, Individually and/or Jointly and as Employer of Douglas Dunn;
AMARILLO COLLEGE OF HAIRDRESSING, INCORPORATED, Individually
and/or Jointly, doing business as Milan Institute of Cosmetology,

                                                  Defendants-Appellees

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Western District of Texas
                             USDC No. 5:11-CV-903

Before SMITH, PRADO, and HIGGINSON, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
       Alan Uresti has moved to proceed in forma pauperis (IFP) to appeal the
dismissal of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 suit pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e) for lack of
subject matter jurisdiction and as frivolous. Uresti alleged that his due process

       *
         Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR.
R. 47.5.4.
    Case: 12-50335     Document: 00512104887      Page: 2    Date Filed: 01/08/2013

                                  No. 12-50335

and privacy rights were violated when his school records were subpoenaed in
connection with a state court custody dispute. The district court dismissed the
complaint on the basis that none of the named defendants were state actors;
thus, jurisdiction did not lie under § 1983.
      By moving to proceed IFP, Uresti is challenging the district court’s
certification that his appeal is not taken in good faith. See Baugh v. Taylor, 117
F.3d 197, 202 (5th Cir. 1997). Our inquiry into an appellant’s good faith “is
limited to whether the appeal involves legal points arguable on their merits (and
therefore not frivolous).” Howard v. King, 707 F.2d 215, 220 (5th Cir. 1983)
(internal quotation marks and citation omitted). We may dismiss the appeal if
it is frivolous. See Baugh, 117 F.3d at 202 n.24; 5TH CIR. R. 42.2.
      We review the district court’s dismissal for lack of jurisdiction de novo.
Hager v. NationsBank N.A., 167 F.3d 245, 247 (5th Cir. 1999). We review a
determination that a case is frivolous under § 1915(e)(2)(B)(i) for abuse of
discretion. Siglar v. Hightower, 112 F.3d 191, 193 (5th Cir. 1997). To establish
liability under § 1983, a plaintiff must prove the following: (1) the deprivation
of a right secured by federal law; (2) the deprivation occurred under color of state
law; and (3) the deprivation was caused by a state actor.           Victoria W. v.
Larpenter, 369 F.3d 475, 482 (5th Cir. 2004).
      Uresti argues that Reyes, a private attorney, by virtue of her position as
an officer of the court, obtained a state-issued subpoena duces tecum requesting
Uresti’s school records; consequently, he surmises, she acted under color of state
law to obtain the subpoena and is liable as a state actor under § 1983. Private
attorneys, however, are generally not state actors subject to § 1983 liability.
Hudson v. Hughes, 98 F.3d 868, 873 (5th Cir. 1996). Private attorneys may be
liable under § 1983 if they have conspired with a state official. Mills v. Criminal
Dist. Court No. 3, 837 F.2d 677, 679 (5th Cir. 1988). Uresti has not alleged facts
establishing that Reyes conspired with a state official to secure the subpoena nor
has he alleged facts establishing that the subpoena was not validly issued.

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                                  No. 12-50335

Uresti’s argument that Reyes is a state actor is legally insupportable.     In order
to hold the remaining appellees liable under § 1983, they must have engaged in
a conspiracy with a state actor to violate Uresti’s constitutional rights. See Tebo
v. Tebo, 550 F.3d 492, 496 (5th Cir. 2008). As Reyes is not a state actor, to the
extent she is alleged to have conspired with these private parties to obtain
Uresti’s school records, liability under § 1983 does not exist. See id. at 496.
Moreover, the right to procedural due process places no affirmative duty on a
nonparty in possession of documents to notify the owner of the subpoenaed
documents; that Uresti may be the legal owner of the documents is irrelevant.
See Cinel v. Connick, 15 F.3d 1338, 1343 (5th Cir. 1994).
      To the extent Uresti argues that the district court ignored his proposed
amended complaint, he did not move the district court for leave to amend his
complaint, FED. R. CIV. P. 15(a)(2), and he has failed to provide a legal argument
as to how the proposed amendment corrected the deficiencies in the initial
complaint. Consequently, he has shown no abuse of discretion on the part of the
district court regarding the proposed amendment, particularly because the
futility of the amendment was apparent from the record. See Pervasive Software
Inc. v. Lexware GmbH & Co. KG, 688 F.3d 214, 232 (5th Cir. 2012).
      Uresti’s appeal lacks arguable merit and is therefore frivolous.
See Howard, 707 F.2d at 220. Accordingly, his motion for leave to proceed
IFP on appeal is denied, and his appeal is dismissed as frivolous. See Baugh,
117 F.3d at 202 n.24; 5TH CIR. R. 42.2. Uresti is cautioned that frivolous,
repetitive, or otherwise abusive filings will invite the imposition of sanctions,
including dismissal, monetary sanctions, and restrictions on his ability to file
pleadings in this court and any other court subject to this court’s jurisdiction.
Uresti is further cautioned that, in order to avoid the imposition of sanctions, he
should review any pending appeals and actions and move to dismiss any that are
frivolous.

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   Case: 12-50335   Document: 00512104887   Page: 4   Date Filed: 01/08/2013

                             No. 12-50335

    IFP MOTION DENIED; APPEAL DISMISSED; SANCTION WARNING
ISSUED.

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