Court Opinion

ID: 4186729
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-07-17 18:01:35.97956+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:39:57.161357
License: Public Domain

FILED
                                                             United States Court of Appeals
                                                                     Tenth Circuit
                      UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                     July 17, 2017
                                   TENTH CIRCUIT                 Elisabeth A. Shumaker
                                                                     Clerk of Court

 ZACHARY R. E. RUSK,

          Plaintiff - Appellant,
 v.                                                     No. 17-4044
                                               (D.C. No. 2:16-CV-00976-RJC)
 PAUL WARNER,                                             (D. Utah)

          Defendant - Appellee.

                              ORDER AND JUDGMENT *

Before TYMKOVICH, Chief Judge, McKAY, and McHUGH, Circuit Judges.

      Zachary Rusk appeals the district court’s dismissal of his complaint against

the Honorable Paul Warner, Chief Magistrate Judge of the U.S. District Court for

the District of Utah. We affirm.

      This case began when Mr. Rusk, proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis,

filed a six-page complaint against Judge Warner. The complaint is difficult to

understand and consists largely of recitations of legal standards, but in essence it

      *
        After examining the brief and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of
this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is
therefore ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is
not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata,
and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value
consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
alleges that Judge Warner made defamatory statements about Mr. Rusk when

presiding over a case. R. 9, 170. Those statements, the complaint seems to

claim, violated his constitutional rights. Mr. Rusk then asked the court to issue

an injunction prohibiting Judge Warner from discriminating against members of

protected classes.

      The district court dismissed the complaint for failure to state a claim. See

28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii). It found Judge Warner absolutely immune against

a claim for injunctive relief. While acknowledging that this court has not yet

decided whether judicial immunity extends so far, the district court found

persuasive an Eleventh Circuit opinion that supported its view.

      As an initial matter, we do not think that Mr. Rusk’s complaint meets the

pleading standards of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(a)(2). The Supreme

Court has said that a complaint must offer more than “mere conclusory

statements” and must state “a plausible claim for relief.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556
U.S. 662, 678–79 (2009). Crucially, legal conclusions “must be supported by

factual allegations.” Id. at 679. Mr. Rusk’s complaint, however, contains almost

no facts. He claims that Judge Warner defamed him but fails to provide any

detail about what Judge Warner supposedly said. The lengthy exhibits attached to

his complaint shed no light on the matter either. Moreover, the complaint never

explains how Judge Warner’s statements violated Mr. Rusk’s constitutional rights

or why Mr. Rusk is entitled to an injunction.

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      Even had the complaint included more details, Mr. Rusk has given us no

legal basis to reverse the district court’s ruling on judicial immunity. Other than

a conclusory statement that absolute judicial immunity violates the Constitution,

Mr. Rusk’s brief contains no legal argument on this point. And his position runs

counter to the decisions of several other circuits that have granted absolute

judicial immunity to preclude injunctive claims against federal judicial officers.

See Bolin v. Story, 225 F.3d 1234, 1242 (11th Cir. 2000); Mullis v. U.S. Bankr.

Court for the Dist. of Nev., 828 F.2d 1385, 1394 (9th Cir. 1987); Kipen v.

Lawson, 57 F. App’x 691, 691 (6th Cir. 2003).

      We AFFIRM the district court’s dismissal of the complaint. We also

DENY Mr. Rusk’s motion to proceed without prepayment of fees “because he has

failed to present a nonfrivolous argument in support of the issue[] on appeal.”

Thomas v. Parker, 609 F.3d 1114, 1120–21 (10th Cir. 2010).

                                              ENTERED FOR THE COURT

                                              Timothy M. Tymkovich
                                              Chief Judge

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