Court Opinion

ID: 4585629
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-11-12 17:08:36.966761+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:47:39.555801
License: Public Domain

J-S49045-20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA               :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                v.                             :
                                               :
                                               :
    VICTORIA MARIE POLING                      :
                                               :
                       Appellant               :   No. 502 WDA 2020

        Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered March 31, 2020
      In the Court of Common Pleas of Mercer County Criminal Division at
                        No(s): CP-43-CR-0001081-2016

BEFORE:      OLSON, J., DUBOW, J., and STEVENS, P.J.E.*

MEMORANDUM BY STEVENS, P.J.E.:                      FILED NOVEMBER 12, 2020

       Appellant Victoria Marie Polling appeals from the judgment of sentence

entered in the Court of Common Pleas of Mercer County on March 31, 2020,

at which time, upon resentencing, the trial court found her to be a Sexually

Violent Predator (SVP). We affirm.

       In 2017, Appellant pled guilty to multiple counts of Involuntary Deviate

Sexual Intercourse and other crimes of a sexual nature and no contest to other

similar counts in connection with her abuse of own daughters.1 On May 15,

2017, the trial court sentenced Appellant to an aggregate term of thirty-five

(35) years to seventy (70) years in a state correctional institution with 340

____________________________________________

* Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
1Appellant had been charged with a total of forty-one (41) counts on June 10,
2016, with the remaining counts being nolle prossed following Appellant’s
plea.
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days credit for time served. Appellant filed a Motion to Reconsider and/or

Modify Sentence, and the trial court denied the same on September 12th,

2017.

        On June 20, 2018, Appellant filed a petition pursuant to the Post

Conviction Relief Act (PCRA)2 pro se. Counsel was appointed and on October

29th, 2019, filed an amended PCRA petition alleging ineffective assistance of

trial counsel. Following an evidentiary hearing, the trial court denied the PCRA

petition, and Appellant timely appealed.

        In an Unpublished Memorandum decision filed on January 7, 2020, this

Court affirmed in part and, sua sponte, reversed Appellant’s SVP designation

under the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA).3                   We

remanded the matter to the trial court for consideration in light of our previous

holding in Commonwealth v. Butler, 173 A.3d 1212, 1218 (Pa.Super. 2017)

(hereinafter    sometimes      “Butler     I”)   which   declared   42   Pa.C.S.A.    §

9799.24(e)(3) was unconstitutional. Commonwealth v. Poling, 2020 WL

86015, at *1-2 (Pa. Super. Ct. Jan. 7, 2020). Specifically, we instructed the

trial court to determine on remand what, if any, registration requirements

applied to the Appellant. We also noted at that time that Butler was on appeal

before the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. Id. at 2 n.1.

____________________________________________

2   42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
3   42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9799.10-9799.41.

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      Appellant's resentencing hearing was scheduled for March 31, 2020.

Prior thereto, in an Opinion filed on March 26, 2020, the Pennsylvania

Supreme Court reversed this Court’s prior holding in Butler finding that SVP

designations were illegal under SORNA. See Commonwealth v. Butler, 226

A.3d 972 (Pa. March 26, 2020) (hereinafter “Butler II”). Specifically, our

Supreme Court held that the registration, notification, and reporting

requirements “applicable to SVPs do not constitute criminal punishment,” and

therefore, the procedural mechanism in Pennsylvania for designating sex

offenders as SVPs set forth in 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9799.24 is constitutional. Butler

II, 226 A.3d at 993.

      On March 31, 2020, the trial court resentenced Appellant.        It again

deemed her to be an SVP and found that she would be subject to SORNA’s

lifetime registration and notice requirements in general along with the

registration, notification, and counseling requirements applicable to SVPs. In

all other respects, the trial court’s original sentence imposed on May 15, 2017,

remained in full force and effect.

      On April 17, 2020, Appellant filed a timely notice of Appeal with this

Court, and both she and the trial court have complied with Pa. R.A.P. 1925.

Appellant raises a single issue for this Court’s review:

            Whether the sentencing court erred as a matter of law or
      abused its discretion by applying the Supreme Court of
      Pennsylvania's opinion in Butler to find [Appellant] as a sexually
      violent predator.

Brief for Appellant at 5.

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       While   Appellant   acknowledges      that   the   “Supreme    Court    of

Pennsylvania's holding in [Butler II], is binding [and she] does not challenge

the constitutionality of the designation of sexually violent predator” she posits

the trial court abused its discretion in applying the decision “retroactively”

when resentencing her, because this Court remanded the matter for

resentencing “for the sole purpose of sentencing consistent with [Butler I].”

Brief for Appellant at 6, 9. In doing so, Appellant reasons that this Court “had

remanded the case for a resentencing to remove the sexually violent predator

from her sentence. On remand the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania reversed

[Butler I]. This happened four days before sentencing. Thus, [A]ppellant’s

sentence should have the sexually violent predator removed from her

sentence.” Id. at 9.

      Appellant’s claims to the contrary, the Supreme Court’s March 26, 2020,

decision in Butler II which overruled this Court’s prior holding was binding

upon the trial court under the doctrine of stare decisis. Indeed, it would have

been an abuse of discretion had the trial court chosen to ignore the holding in

Butler II, which was published days before Appellant was resentenced. It is

axiomatic that “[t]his Court is bound by existing precedent under the doctrine

of stare decisis and continues to follow controlling precedent as long as the

decision has not been overturned by our Supreme Court.”       Commonwealth

v. Reed, 107 A.3d 137, 143 (Pa.Super. 2014) (citation omitted). Thus, at

                                      -4-
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the time of resentencing, Butler I was nonexistent, and the Supreme Court’s

holding In Butler II was binding upon courts in this Commonwealth.

      In light of the foregoing, in finding Appellant to be an SVP and subject

to a lifetime registration requirement at the time of resentencing, the trial

court did not apply Butler II retroactively, but rather correctly applied binding

precedent to Appellant’s case. Upon remand, this Court had directed the trial

court to resentence Appellant in accordance with Butler I, which we noted

was pending on appeal before the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.             The trial

court explains that “[in] that the Superior Court remanded, in part, this

[c]ourt’s original sentencing order as it related to [] Appellant’s SVP status,

this [c]ourt considered the Supreme Court’s decision in [Butler II].         See

1925(a) Opinion at 3, ¶ 13.        As this was proper application of binding

precedent, not an abuse of discretion, Appellant’s claim is meritless.

      Judgment of Sentence affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 11/12/2020

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