Court Opinion

ID: 3019073
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Date Created: 2015-10-13 22:20:18.223128+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:11:42.601623
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Opinions of the United
2006 Decisions                                                                                                             States Court of Appeals
                                                                                                                              for the Third Circuit

10-11-2006

Vaziri v. Atty Gen USA
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential

Docket No. 05-4547

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                                                       NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                      FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

                              No. 05-4547

                            JEYAN VAZIRI,
                                       Petitioner

                                   v.

             ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES,
                                   Respondent

                     On Review of a Decision of the
                     Board of Immigration Appeals
                      (Agency No. A22 619 485)
                   Immigration Judge: Ernest H. Hupp

                Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
                           September 21, 2006

      Before: BARRY, CHAGARES AND COWEN, CIRCUIT JUDGES

                        (Filed: October 11, 2006)

                               OPINION

PER CURIAM
       Jeyan Vaziri, a native and citizen of Iran, has filed a petition for review of an order

of the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) denying his motion to reconsider its prior

denial of a motion to reopen his deportation proceedings. We will deny the petition.

       Vaziri arrived in the United States in 1978 at age sixteen, aboard what he alleges

was an Iranian Air Force plane “used to evacuate certain high standing Iranians fleeing for

their lives in the wake of the Islamic Revolution in Iran.” He was admitted as a

nonimmigrant student. In June 1980, while in high school, Vaziri was charged as being

deportable on the ground that he failed to comply with the terms of his admission by

working (part time, he claims) at the Snack Shack Restaurant in Huntington, West Virginia.

See Immigration and Nationality Act (“INA”) § 241(a)(9) (1976) [8 U.S.C. § 1251(a)(9)

(1976)], (current version at INA § 237(a)(1)). An Immigration Judge (“IJ”) found Vaziri

deportable as charged. In November 1980, the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”)

dismissed Vaziri’s appeal, and permitted him to voluntarily depart within 15 days.

       Vaziri did not depart. Instead, in 1981, he filed a motion to reopen with the BIA,

seeking to apply for asylum based on his and his family’s support for the former Shah of

Iran. Vaziri claimed that he did not apply earlier on the advice of his father, who feared

that their family members in Iran would be persecuted if the Islamic government became

aware that Vaziri had applied for asylum. In September 1982, the BIA denied the motion

to reopen, concluding that Vaziri “fail[ed] to establish prima facie evidence of anticipated

persecution.”

                                               2
       Over twenty-two years later, Vaziri filed another motion to reopen to pursue an

application for adjustment of status based on an approved I-130 visa petition. The

government opposed the motion, and the BIA denied it as untimely on April 20, 2005. The

BIA also declined to exercise discretion to reopen the proceedings sua sponte, noting that

Vaziri had “not provided any explanation as to his failure to depart this country.”

       In May 2005, Vaziri filed a “Motion to Reconsider” the denial of his motion to

reopen. He alleged that the “Board’s decision [denying reopening] incorrectly state[d] that

Respondent failed to explain his reason to depart the United States after being ordered

deported.” In an order dated September 12, 2005, the BIA denied the motion to reconsider,

concluding that “respondent has not identified any error of fact or law in our previous

decision.” Vaziri has filed a timely pro se petition for review.

       We have jurisdiction under INA § 242(a)(2)(D) [8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(D)] to

review “constitutional claims and legal questions” concerning the BIA’s denial of the

“Motion to Reconsider.” We review the denial for abuse of discretion.1 See Nocon v. INS,

789 F.2d 1028, 1029-33 (3d Cir. 1986). Under this standard, we will overturn the BIA’s

decision only if it is “arbitrary, irrational or contrary to law.” McAllister v. Attorney

General, 444 F.3d 178, 185 (3d Cir. 2006) (quotations and citations omitted).

1
 In this proceeding, we cannot review the BIA’s original final order of removal or its denial of
Vaziri’s two prior motions to reopen because the petition for review was only timely as to the
denial of his “Motion for Reconsideration.” See Stone v. INS, 514 U.S. 386, 405 (1995); Nocon
v. INS, 789 F.2d 1028, 1032-34 (3d Cir. 1986).

                                                3
       A motion to reconsider must specify the errors of law or fact in the BIA’s prior

decision. 8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(b)(1). Here, the BIA found that Vaziri failed to identify any

such errors. Vaziri disagrees, arguing that his reconsideration motion did specify an error

of fact in the BIA’s denial of reopening, namely, that the BIA improperly concluded that he

had not explained his failure to depart after being ordered to do so. Importantly, however,

Vaziri’s alleged failure to provide an explanation was not the basis of the BIA’s denial of

reopening.2 Rather, it denied reopening because the motion was untimely. See 8

C.F.R. § 1003.2(c)(2) (requiring that motions to reopen generally be filed within 90 days

after the date on which the final administrative decision was rendered). Therefore, to the

extent that Vaziri’s motion for reconsideration did not allege any error in the untimeliness

determination, the BIA properly denied his motion for reconsideration.

       Vaziri also asserts that the BIA abused its discretion by “ignor[ing] the new

evidence submitted by petitioner, which represented new facts not available at his prior

deportation proceeding.” In essence, Vaziri believes that the BIA should have treated his

“Motion for Reconsideration” as a motion to reopen. We disagree. Under the language of

8 C.F.R. § 1003.2(b)(1), a motion for reconsideration is used to challenge determinations of

law and fact in the BIA’s prior decision. By contrast, a motion to reopen is used to present

new evidence so that a new decision can be entered on a different factual record. See 8

2
 At most, the absence of such an explanation contributed to the BIA’s decision not to sua sponte
reopen the proceedings. To the extent that Vaziri alleges that the BIA abused its discretion in
denying reconsideration of the denial of sua sponte reopening, we lack jurisdiction. See
Calle-Vujiles v. Ashcroft, 320 F.3d 472 (3d Cir. 2003).

                                                4
C.F.R. § 1003.2(c). In an apparent effort to establish that country conditions in Iran have

changed since his previous hearing before the IJ, Vaziri submitted the 2004 State

Department Report on Human Rights Practices and affidavits from himself and his father.

Nowhere, however, did Vaziri attempt to explain how this evidence demonstrates that

country conditions in Iran have changed. Under these circumstances, we conclude that the

BIA’s failure to address the allegedly new evidence was not arbitrary, irrational or contrary

to law.

          For these reasons, and after careful consideration of the record and the parties’

contentions, we will deny Vaziri’s petition for review.

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