Court Opinion

ID: 9467249
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-05 01:42:44.354483+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:40:14.847750
License: Public Domain

SNEED, Circuit Judge
(specially concurring):
I concur in the results reached by Judge Alarcon.
The existence of the equivalent of exigent circumstances justifies the opening of the trunk. The recovery of the weapons identified without opening the sacks raises no Fourth Amendment issue.
Our decision in United States v. Cook, 608 F.2d 1175 (9th Cir. 1979) (en banc), cert. denied, 444 U.S. 1034, 100 S.Ct. 706, 62 L.Ed.2d 670 (1980), provides no basis for collateral attack on convictions that became final prior to its date of filing. The purpose of Cook was to permit the issue of the use of prior convictions to impeach to be raised on appeal even though the defendant did not take the stand. No constitutional issue was involved.