Court Opinion

ID: 4181820
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-06-28 19:22:30.284257+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:38:44.678631
License: Public Domain

06/28/2017
        IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                          AT JACKSON
                                April 11, 2017 Session

                 ANDREW HAYES v. STATE OF TENNESSEE

                   Appeal from the Criminal Court for Shelby County
                       No. 08-03864    Paula Skahan, Judge

                            No. W2016-00280-CCA-R3-PC

The Petitioner, Andrew Hayes, appeals the denial of his petition for post-conviction relief
from his first degree felony murder and aggravated robbery convictions, arguing that the
post-conviction court erred in finding he received effective assistance of trial counsel.
Following our review, we affirm the denial of the petition.

 Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Criminal Court Affirmed

ALAN E. GLENN, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which TIMOTHY L. EASTER and
J. ROSS DYER, JJ., joined.

James Jones, Jr., Bartlett, Tennessee, for the appellant, Andrew Hayes.

Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Jeffrey D. Zentner, Assistant
Attorney General; Amy P. Weirich, District Attorney General; and Muriel Malone,
Assistant District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.

                                       OPINION

                                         FACTS

       The Petitioner was convicted by a Shelby County Criminal Court jury of the
August 2007 first degree felony murder and aggravated robbery of the victim, Danny
Harris. His conviction was affirmed by this court on direct appeal, and our supreme court
denied his application for permission to appeal. State v. Andrew Hayes, No. W2010-
02641-CCA-R3-CD, 2012 WL 3192827, at *1 (Tenn. Crim. App. Aug. 6, 2012), perm.
app. denied (Tenn. Nov. 28, 2012).
        Our direct appeal opinion reveals that the victim’s decomposing body was
discovered in his Memphis apartment on October 26, 2007. Id. at *3. The medical
examiner ruled that the cause of death was “[b]lunt force injuries of the head and
asphyxia,” and a computer analysis of the victim’s pacemaker indicated that “all heart
activity had ceased on August 20, 2007.” Id. at *7. The Petitioner was developed as a
suspect after his girlfriend’s mother, Janice Jefferson, who was known as “Snow,”1
reported to the police that the victim’s girlfriend had been selling the victim’s
possessions. Id. at *2. At the time, the Petitioner lived in Snow’s home with Snow and
her daughter, Chawonna Jefferson, who was the Petitioner’s girlfriend. A short while
earlier, the home had also been occupied by the following individuals: the victim’s
girlfriend, Tammy Vance; Ms. Vance’s daughter, Sarah Lucas; and Ms. Lucas’s
boyfriend, Miguel. When Ms. Vance moved into the home toward the end of August
2007, she had a black eye and a scratch on her face. Ms. Vance informed Snow that the
victim “had hit her in the eye because he was drinking” and that he had, as a
consequence, recently entered “rehab.” Id. at *1.

       During the time they lived in the home, Ms. Vance and her daughter were driving
“a real nice truck.” According to Snow’s trial testimony, the two women informed her
that the vehicle belonged to the victim, who had given them permission to drive it while
he was in rehab. Id. Snow eventually asked the trio to move out because they were not
paying their portion of the utility bill. Id. According to Snow, Ms. Vance offered her a
handgun as payment and also brought her a television that she claimed she had been
given by a woman who lived around the corner. Id. Later, Ms. Vance sought Snow’s
assistance in selling the handgun and the victim’s truck, telling Snow that the victim was
going to be in rehab longer than initially planned and had instructed her to sell the items.
Id.

       The Petitioner, who was not initially a suspect, was interviewed by police
detectives because they believed he “had relevant information” due to his involvement
with Ms. Vance and her daughter. Id. at *4. Our direct appeal opinion provides the
following summary of the detectives’ trial testimony with respect to those interviews:

        During that first interview, the [Petitioner’s] “story kept changing and
        changing and changing.” Lieutenant [Bart] Ragland [of the Memphis
        Police Department] said that at that point, “it became obvious . . . that he
        knew more than he was telling . . . and that he had more involvement than
        just being a witness,” so they provided the [Petitioner] with Miranda
        warnings. The [Petitioner] had some difficulty reading the advice of rights

        1
           In order to avoid confusion, we have elected to follow the direct appeal opinion’s practice of
referring to Ms. Janice Jefferson by her nickname, “Snow.”
                                                  -2-
form, so Lieutenant Ragland “read the entire thing to him and he
understood it and we went over it.” The [Petitioner] executed a written
waiver of his rights at 3:15 p.m. on November 2, 2007, and he provided a
statement at 5:57 p.m. that same day implicating Ms. Vance in the victim’s
murder, telling officers that he traveled with Ms. Vance and Ms. Lucas’s
boyfriend, Miguel, to an apartment in Cordova to get a 36 inch television.
The [Petitioner] told officers that he opened a closed bedroom door inside
the apartment because he “smelled the foul odor” and that he saw the
victim’s “body laying in the bed.” He said Ms. Vance told him “not to
worry” about the body because she and Miguel “were going to take care of
it.” The [Petitioner] described the body as “a white male, he was laying on
his left side. He was about in his mid-fifties. He was medium build. His
skin was turning black. His hair was brown, and he had a mustache, too.”
He said that he did not notice anything in the victim’s mouth or any blood
in the room. He said that he and Miguel loaded the television into the
victim’s truck and that Ms. Vance also removed “a VCR and a DVD player
that was built together and DVD movies.” He said that they left the
victim’s apartment and traveled back to the Depass Street residence to pick
up Ms. Lucas so that Ms. Lucas could pawn the items. The [Petitioner] told
Lieutenant Ragland that he did not tell anyone about seeing the corpse in
the apartment because he was afraid that he would be charged with the
victim’s murder because he had helped move the television.

        Lieutenant Ragland said the fact that the [Petitioner] was able to
describe the victim as a white male was suspicious because “the state of
decomposition of the victim at the time” made it difficult “to tell that was
indeed a male white.” Lieutenant Ragland said that he spoke with the
[Petitioner] on a second occasion and that the [Petitioner] “gave a
statement, but he stopped. . . . And he refused to sign the statement.”
Between the giving of the two statements, Lieutenant Mullins
“interviewed” the [Petitioner], and “it became apparent that he had more
involvement” than he had originally admitted. During the taking of the
second statement, the [Petitioner] initially “admitted that he had actually
been involved and hit the victim with a steel pipe” before he “recanted and
said that, no, he didn’t actually do it.” Following this recantation, the
[Petitioner] “became hysterical and started crying, and at that point, it
became obvious [that officers] couldn’t talk to him anymore.” Shortly
thereafter, the [Petitioner] was booked into the jail “on a forty-eight hour
hold.”

                                    -3-
        Lieutenant Ragland said that he became suspicious of the
[Petitioner] when the details of the [Petitioner’s] statement changed over
tellings. Lieutenant Ragland admitted that he was not present when the
[Petitioner] first admitted striking the victim with a pipe. He said that after
recanting his admission of murder, the [Petitioner] blamed the victim’s
murder on Wayne Bobo, Snow, and Ms. Jefferson. He said that the
[Petitioner] became “hysterical” and that it was impossible to continue the
interrogation. Lieutenant Ragland denied that the [Petitioner] was upset at
being accused of a crime he did not commit and said that the [Petitioner]
was upset “[b]ecause he had admitted to his involvement and he knew he
was up shit creek without a paddle, that’s why.” He said that the
[Petitioner] immediately began recanting and blaming others “because
that’s what criminals do.”

       [Memphis Police Department] Sergeant Anthony Mullins testified
that he became involved in the investigation when he arrived at the scene.
Later, Sergeant Mullins interviewed the [Petitioner] after the [Petitioner]
was “developed as a possible suspect.” He recalled that when he first came
into contact with the [Petitioner], the [Petitioner] was in Lieutenant Toney
Armstrong’s office. During that encounter, the [Petitioner] “could describe
things in the apartment and describe things that happened and the more we
asked him about what happened, he gave particular details that no one
would know[ ] unless they committed the act.” Sergeant Mullins said that
upon further questioning, the [Petitioner] admitted killing the victim, telling
officers,

               They went there, him and Tammy Vance, to rob [the
       victim], and when they got inside an argument ensued. He
       wanted to know, [the victim] wanted to know why they were
       there, how they got in his apartment, because Miss Vance had
       a key. And during the argument, Tammy Vance threw a
       container of bleach at [the victim] and then he said he struck
       [the victim] in the head with an iron pipe, pushed him in the
       bedroom and struck him again, and again, and again.
       Ultimately, he said, between seven and nine time[s].

          Sergeant Mullins said that the [Petitioner’s] statement “explained
some of the things” that police had seen in the victim’s apartment, like the
rag in the victim’s mouth, which the [Petitioner] said Ms. Vance had “stuck
. . . in [the victim’s] mouth to stop him from screaming.” Sergeant Mullins
said that when they started to take a “formal” statement the second time, the
                                      -4-
       [Petitioner] “was getting some [details] wrong” such as the location of the
       victim’s apartment. When Sergeant Mullins questioned the [Petitioner]
       about the mistakes, the [Petitioner] became “very upset” and said that
       “people have threatened him about this incident.” The [Petitioner] then
       blamed Wayne Bobo and an individual named Miguel for the victim’s
       murder but continued to acknowledge that he was present during the
       murder. During this time, the [Petitioner] was “[l]oudly crying and
       yelling.” When it became apparent that they would be unable to obtain a
       statement from the [Petitioner], they took him “down to the jail on a hold”
       because they “felt like” they had sufficient proof “to charge him” but
       “weren’t prepared to charge him at that point.”

               Sergeant Mullins testified that officers brought the [Petitioner] to the
       homicide office for another interview on the following morning. The
       [Petitioner] was provided Miranda warnings a second time. At that point,
       the [Petitioner] provided a statement admitting that he murdered the victim
       by striking him with a metal pipe “about seven or eight times on the head.”
       He said that he went to the victim’s apartment “[t]o rob him. Tammy said
       to ride with her to rob her boyfriend.” The [Petitioner] admitted, “I struck
       him the first time with the pipe. She grabbed [the victim] by the mouth and
       shoved a face towel in his mouth.” The [Petitioner] said that he did not get
       blood on him and that Ms. Vance threw the murder weapon into the Wolf
       River.

Id. at *4-6.

        In his defense, the Petitioner presented the testimony of Dr. Randy Schnell, the
Clinical Services Coordinator of the Memphis City Schools Mental Health Center, who
“identified a psycho-educational evaluation performed on the [Petitioner] to determine
the [Petitioner’s] eligibility for special education services.” Id. at *8. Dr. Schnell
testified that the Petitioner’s I.Q. in 1992, when the Petitioner was fourteen, was only 62,
which “‘was consistent with mental retardation.’” Id. He said it was extremely unlikely
that the Petitioner’s I.Q. score would have increased to normal levels by adulthood. Id.

       The Petitioner, testifying in his own defense, denied any involvement in the
murder and claimed that he made the incriminating statements because the police officers
kept him in the interrogation room for hours, screamed at him, and told him that Ms.
Vance had accused him of the murder. Id. at * 8-9.

      The Petitioner also presented as a defense witness, Tammy Vance, who
acknowledged that she had pled guilty to the first degree murder and aggravated robbery
                                             -5-
of the victim, but denied that she had killed the victim and instead blamed the murder on
her daughter, Ms. Lucas. Ms. Vance testified that she first met the Petitioner several days
after the murder when she and Ms. Lucas returned to the victim’s apartment to retrieve
the victim’s television set. She said she blamed the murder on the Petitioner when she
was being questioned by the police because officers told her that the Petitioner had
confessed and she was trying to protect Ms. Lucas. Id. at * 9-10.

        On January 14, 2013, the Petitioner filed a pro se petition for post-conviction relief
in which he alleged he was denied the effective assistance of trial counsel. Following the
appointment of post-conviction counsel, he filed an amended petition in which he alleged
that trial counsel was ineffective for, among other things: failing to have a mental health
evaluation performed on the Petitioner, despite knowing of the Petitioner’s history of
mental health issues; failing to investigate and call as a trial witness a woman who could
have testified that it was other individuals, and not the Petitioner, who removed items
from the victim’s residence; failing to strike a juror who was a work colleague of one of
the victim’s sons; and failing to test a bloody fingerprint found at the crime scene against
the fingerprints of Sarah Lucas.

        At the evidentiary hearing, Clark Chapman, the private investigator who was
appointed to assist defense counsel, testified that he learned that the Petitioner had
“numerous learning disabilities” and “nervous issues throughout his childhood and as an
adult” and had been receiving disability benefits since the age of twelve or thirteen. Mr.
Chapman identified the Petitioner’s school mental health professional report, which he
said he turned over to trial counsel approximately eight or nine months prior to trial. He
testified he interviewed fifteen to twenty witnesses during the course of his investigation,
including Frances Wheeler, the woman who owned the house where the Petitioner was
living. He learned of her late in the case and interviewed her close to the time of trial.
Ms. Wheeler informed him that she had gone to the Petitioner’s home one morning
because the Petitioner was supposed to help roof one of her rental properties. The
Petitioner was still asleep when she arrived, and she instructed one of the other residents
of the home to wake up the Petitioner. As she waited for the Petitioner, Tammy Vance
and her daughter arrived in the victim’s truck with a large screen television in the back of
the truck. According to Ms. Wheeler, the Petitioner came out of the house and helped the
women unload the television.

       Mr. Chapman testified that he believed Ms. Wheeler’s account coincided with the
information he received from Ms. Tammy Vance, who confessed to him that it was her
daughter, and not the Petitioner, who had killed the victim. He said he called trial
counsel and informed him of what Ms. Wheeler had told him. He stated that trial
counsel was not present during his interview with Ms. Wheeler and, to his knowledge,
never interviewed Ms. Wheeler himself. He said that trial counsel was confident that the
                                             -6-
case “would either settle before [they] went into trial or . . . would just go away” and did
not think they needed “anything else.”

       On cross-examination, Mr. Chapman testified that he spoke with the Petitioner
throughout his preparation of the case and that the Petitioner appeared to be engaged in
the investigative process and to understand everything he said to him. He said he thought
that Ms. Wheeler would have been an instrumental witness in “identifying who had the
TV that morning” and, as such, would have corroborated Ms. Vance’s story that her
daughter had killed the victim with a hammer. He acknowledged, however, that trial
counsel had cross-examined Ms. Vance about her contention that her daughter was the
perpetrator.

       On redirect, Mr. Chapman explained that Ms. Wheeler’s testimony that the two
women brought the television to the house alone was significant because the State’s
theory was that Ms. Vance had to have the Petitioner’s help in loading the television. In
addition to Ms. Wheeler, he also thought that the defense should have had a physician
appointed to investigate the Petitioner’s mental health issues. He stated that the defense
team contacted a doctor to perform a mental health evaluation on the Petitioner, but the
physician backed out, citing a conflict of interest. To his knowledge, no one else was
ever appointed to take that physician’s place.

        On re-cross-examination, Mr. Chapman acknowledged that the Petitioner provided
details in his statement to police that were consistent with the physical evidence at the
crime scene. He further acknowledged that the Petitioner said during cross-examination
that the prosecutor would not be able to make him say anything he did not want to say.
He explained, however, that the Petitioner had felt comfortable at trial because he was in
the presence of trial counsel. In his opinion, a mental health expert would have been able
to testify to the Petitioner’s overall capacity and how he could be easily pressured in
stressful situations, such as while being interviewed by aggressive police officers.

        Upon further direct examination, Mr. Chapman testified that the Petitioner did not
always appear to follow everything that was said to him and at times did not “seem like
he [was] there.” He further testified that the Petitioner’s school report indicated that his
intellectual functioning was in the “mild range of mental retardation.” He said the
Petitioner was questioned for twelve to thirteen hours before he gave his statement to the
police.

       The Petitioner’s trial counsel, who said he had been licensed to practice law since
1973 and had been in private practice, primarily criminal defense, since 1984, testified
that the Petitioner’s case was the only one of hundreds he had handled in which he
believed that an innocent man had been incarcerated. He stated he met with the
                                            -7-
Petitioner on “numerous occasions” during the course of his representation, and the
Petitioner was very easy to talk to and appeared to understand the charges against him.
The Petitioner could not, however, “process the technical side of it in terms of the law; in
terms of evidence.” According to trial counsel, the Petitioner’s position was that he was
not there and did not commit the crimes, and the Petitioner could not understand why he
had been charged in the case.

       Trial counsel testified that they discussed having a mental evaluation performed
on the Petitioner and “made an effort to contact someone for that purpose.” However, the
“intervening development” of Ms. Vance’s changing her story about the Petitioner’s
participation in the crimes “changed the course of [their] strategy in th[e] case.” He
explained that there was no physical evidence linking the Petitioner to the crimes and that
the Petitioner became a suspect only after Ms. Vance implicated him in her statement to
the police. When Ms. Vance confessed that she had been trying to protect her daughter,
and agreed to testify to that effect at trial, the issue of the Petitioner’s mental capacity
became less important:

              Her agreement to come and testify for the defense in this case kind
       of changed the course of the strategy that we were originally planning. And
       [the Petitioner’s] mental state, mental condition ability were not seen as
       important in light of that new development with Ms. Vance agreeing to
       come and testify.

       Trial counsel testified that his original plan was to hire a “confession expert,” but
he did not follow through with that plan in light of Ms. Vance’s agreement to testify that
her daughter was the perpetrator. In hindsight, however, he thought he made a mistake in
not hiring the confession expert, who would have been able to explain to the jury why the
Petitioner would have confessed when he was not guilty. He stated that he extensively
prepared the Petitioner to testify, spending much time reviewing with him the length of
the police interrogation and what led to his statement to the police, but that a confession
expert could have helped the case tremendously and that he erred by relying too heavily
on Ms. Vance’s testimony. In addition, trial counsel believed he erred by not instructing
the Petitioner to remain calm and to refrain from becoming aggressive or argumentative
with the prosecutor. Trial counsel testified that, given the Petitioner’s limited mental
capacity, he should have anticipated that the Petitioner would become upset in the face of
aggressive questioning and “would explode . . . under strenuous cross-examination.”

       Trial counsel testified that he did not have the bloody fingerprints found at the
crime scene tested because there was no evidence that the Petitioner was at the crime
scene and no evidence that the fingerprints belonged to him. As for his failure to exercise
a peremptory challenge to strike Juror Number 7, who was an employee of the sheriff’s
                                            -8-
department and a presumed co-worker of the victim’s son, trial counsel testified that he
could not recall his reasoning, but the juror’s association with the sheriff’s department
would not have been an automatic basis for trial counsel to strike him. Counsel explained
that he sometimes looked for jurors that he believed had “the ability to process evidence
and facts and make an intelligent decision” and that he would not have automatically
assumed bias on the part of a juror because he “was somehow affiliated with the
sheriff[’s] department.”

      On cross-examination, trial counsel testified that he never had any question about
the Petitioner’s competency to stand trial. He also acknowledged that he filed an
unsuccessful motion to suppress the Petitioner’s statement on the basis that the statement
was coerced.

        Frances Wheeler, the owner of the rental home in which the Petitioner had lived,
testified that one morning she was at the property to work on the roof when Ms. Vance
and her daughter pulled up in a white truck with a television in the back. The Petitioner,
who was supposed to be helping her with the roofing, was asleep inside, but Ms. Vance’s
daughter went in and then stuck her head out to announce he would be out in a minute.
On cross-examination, Ms. Wheeler testified that she was not sure of the date the events
transpired.

       The Petitioner testified that he was innocent and that he had had faith in trial
counsel to prove his innocence. On cross-examination, the Petitioner acknowledged he
had been a witness in another criminal case and that he understood his rights when the
police interviewed him. He denied, however, that trial counsel prepared his trial
testimony or kept him informed of the defense strategy in the case. On redirect
examination, he testified that he was treated very differently by the police in the previous
criminal case in which he had been merely a witness. He further testified that he only
had an eighth grade education and that he spent his entire school career in resource
classes.

        On October 5, 2015, the post-conviction court entered a detailed written order
denying the petition. On February 22, 2016, this court entered an order allowing the late-
filing of the Petitioner’s notice of appeal.

                                       ANALYSIS

       The Petitioner argues on appeal that trial counsel was ineffective in his
representation for not having a mental evaluation performed on the Petitioner, not calling
Ms. Wheeler as an eyewitness to the fact that Snow and her daughter did not need the
Petitioner’s assistance to move the large television, not striking the work colleague of the
                                            -9-
victim’s son from the jury, and not testing the bloody fingerprint at the crime scene
against the fingerprints of Sarah Lucas. The State argues that the record supports the
post-conviction court’s finding that the Petitioner received effective assistance of trial
counsel. We agree with the State.

       The post-conviction petitioner bears the burden of proving his allegations by clear
and convincing evidence. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-110(f). When an evidentiary
hearing is held in the post-conviction setting, the findings of fact made by the court are
conclusive on appeal unless the evidence preponderates against them. See Tidwell v.
State, 922 S.W.2d 497, 500 (Tenn. 1996). Where appellate review involves purely
factual issues, the appellate court should not reweigh or reevaluate the evidence. See
Henley v. State , 960 S.W.2d 572, 578 (Tenn. 1997). However, review of a trial court’s
application of the law to the facts of the case is de novo, with no presumption of
correctness. See Ruff v. State, 978 S.W.2d 95, 96 (Tenn. 1998). The issue of ineffective
assistance of counsel, which presents mixed questions of fact and law, is reviewed de
novo, with a presumption of correctness given only to the post-conviction court’s
findings of fact. See Fields v. State, 40 S.W.3d 450, 458 (Tenn. 2001); Burns v. State , 6
S.W.3d 453, 461 (Tenn. 1999).

       To establish a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, the petitioner has the
burden to show both that trial counsel’s performance was deficient and that counsel’s
deficient performance prejudiced the outcome of the proceeding. Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984); see State v. Taylor, 968 S.W.2d 900, 905 (Tenn.
Crim. App. 1997) (noting that same standard for determining ineffective assistance of
counsel that is applied in federal cases also applies in Tennessee). The Strickland
standard is a two-prong test:

             First, the defendant must show that counsel’s performance was
      deficient. This requires showing that counsel made errors so serious that
      counsel was not functioning as the “counsel” guaranteed the defendant by
      the Sixth Amendment. Second, the defendant must show that the deficient
      performance prejudiced the defense. This requires showing that counsel’s
      errors were so serious as to deprive the defendant of a fair trial, a trial
      whose result is reliable.
466 U.S. at 687.

        The deficient performance prong of the test is satisfied by showing that “counsel’s
acts or omissions were so serious as to fall below an objective standard of reasonableness
under prevailing professional norms.” Goad v. State, 938 S.W.2d 363, 369 (Tenn. 1996)
(citing Strickland, 466 U.S. at 688; Baxter v. Rose, 523 S.W.2d 930, 936 (Tenn. 1975)).
                                           -10-
The prejudice prong of the test is satisfied by showing a reasonable probability, i.e., a
“probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome,” that “but for counsel’s
unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.”
Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694.

       Courts need not approach the Strickland test in a specific order or even “address
both components of the inquiry if the defendant makes an insufficient showing on one.”
466 U.S. at 697; see also Goad, 938 S.W.2d at 370 (stating that “failure to prove either
deficiency or prejudice provides a sufficient basis to deny relief on the ineffective
assistance claim”).

        In finding that the Petitioner failed to meet his burden of demonstrating ineffective
assistance of counsel, the post-conviction court, among other things, found that: trial
counsel made a sound strategic decision not to pursue a mental health examination in
light of Ms. Vance’s change in testimony and the fact that there was no physical evidence
linking the Petitioner to the crime scene; the Petitioner was not prejudiced by not having
a mental evaluation; the untested bloody fingerprint did nothing to undermine the defense
strategy of attempting to show that the Petitioner was not at the crime scene; the
Petitioner failed to show that trial counsel was deficient for not striking the sheriff’s
department employee as a juror or that he was prejudiced as a result of counsel’s failure
to do so; and the Petitioner failed to show that he was prejudiced based on counsel’s
failure to call Ms. Wheeler as a witness.

        The record fully supports the findings and conclusions of the post-conviction
court. Trial counsel, a very experienced criminal defense attorney, offered a reasonable
explanation for why he did not pursue a mental health evaluation of the Petitioner,
explaining that there was nothing to link the Petitioner to the crime scene other than Ms.
Vance’s statement to the police. Ms. Vance, however, later confessed to him that she had
implicated the Petitioner to protect her daughter, who was the real culprit, and she agreed
to testify for the Petitioner at trial. Although trial counsel believed in hindsight that a
confession expert would have helped explain why the Petitioner would confess to a crime
he had not committed, he also testified that the Petitioner was mentally competent to
stand trial and that he was able to elicit details for the jury about the lengthy interrogation
and the Petitioner’s emotional distress during questioning. As the post-conviction court
noted, the Petitioner also cannot show he was prejudiced by trial counsel’s failure to have
a mental evaluation performed.

      Trial counsel also offered a reasonable explanation for why he did not attempt to
have the bloody fingerprint found at the crime scene tested against the fingerprints of
Sarah Lucas and why he did not strike the sheriff’s department employee from the jury.
As for trial counsel’s failure to call Ms. Wheeler as a witness, we agree with the post-
                                             -11-
conviction court that her testimony would not have altered the outcome of the trial. All
that Ms. Wheeler would have added to the case was that she had seen Ms. Vance and her
daughter arrive in a truck alone with a large television in the back. She was unable to
testify as to the date the events transpired or how the television got into the back of the
truck. In sum, the Petitioner has failed to meet his burden of demonstrating that he was
denied the effective assistance of trial counsel.

                                    CONCLUSION

       Based on the foregoing authorities and reasoning, we conclude that the Petitioner
has not met his burden of showing that he was denied the effective assistance of counsel.
Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the post-conviction court.

                                                  _________________________________
                                                  ALAN E. GLENN, JUDGE

                                           -12-