Court Opinion

ID: 6324642
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-03-18 14:08:04.072955+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:21:53.904444
License: Public Domain

RECORD IMPOUNDED

                                NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                        SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                        APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                        DOCKET NO. A-1037-20

H.R.M.,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

A.S.A.,

     Defendant-Appellant.
_______________________

                   Submitted February 15, 2022 – Decided March 18, 2022

                   Before Judges Currier and Smith.

                   On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey,
                   Chancery Division, Family Part, Middlesex County,
                   Docket No. FV-12-0788-18.

                   Rasha B. Foda, attorney for appellant.

                   Respondent has not filed a brief.

PER CURIAM

          Defendant appeals the denial of his motion to modify a final restraining

order (FRO). Defendant, still married to the plaintiff at the time of his motion,
sought to amend the FRO to address multiple outstanding issues: custody of

their two daughters; expansion of parenting time so defendant, a Muslim, could

spend religious holidays with the children; increased involvement in the

children's school lives; permission for defendant to travel out of state with the

children; production of the children for medical examinations; and modification

of support payments and household expense allocations. Defendant also sought

sanctions against plaintiff for her alleged failure to comply with an existing

parenting time order.

      Defendant argues on appeal that the trial court erred when it failed to

conduct a plenary hearing and make findings before issuing an order on the relief

he requested.    We agree, and reverse and remand for further proceedings

consistent with the principles set forth in this opinion.

      Defendant is a British citizen. Plaintiff is a United States citizen. Plaintiff

and defendant married in the United Kingdom in November 2013. The parties

have two daughters together, the first born in April 2014, and the second born

in September 2015. Each child has dual citizenship.

      The parties separated in October 2017 after plaintiff obtained a temporary

restraining order (TRO) against defendant. The TRO granted plaintiff exclusive

use of the marital residence and required defendant to pay all household

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expenses. In March 2018, defendant stipulated to the entry of an FRO against

him.   The FRO contained a number of provisions addressing support and

parenting time issues. Defendant was ordered to pay plaintiff's monthly rent,

weekly child support, and carrying costs for the family car plaintiff was

awarded. The parties shared joint custody of the children.

       In May 2019, defendant filed a complaint with the Division of Child

Protection and Permanency (DCPP), alleging that plaintiff's boyfriend had

inappropriately touched the girls. While the investigation was pending, plaintiff

filed a motion to bar defendant from filing future complaints with DCPP and

seeking other relief. The trial court denied plaintiff's motion in July 2019.

       In September 2019, defendant filed a motion for custody, seeking to be

declared parent of primary residence, and to reduce child support. Defendant

raised serious allegations in the custody application, contending that plaintiff's

boyfriend continued to touch their daughters inappropriately. The trial court

denied the defendant's motion without prejudice, instructing him to address the

statutory custody factors under N.J.S.A. 9:2-4(c). In February 2020, defendant

filed another motion, again seeking to modify custody, parenting time, and

support orders contained within the FRO.

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      The court heard oral argument in March 2020. The judge queried each

party on the record, but he did not permit cross-examination. The judge noted

the existence of hospital records containing allegations of alleged sexual abuse

against one of the daughters. The parties testified that the children were in

ongoing therapy as of the date of the hearing. After a lengthy exchange between

the parties and counsel for defendant, the judge stated he would order a custody

evaluation in anticipation of a plenary hearing. The trial court adjourned the

proceeding without issuing an order on any aspect of the application, simply

advising the parties that it would issue a decision "in a few days."

      No order was issued by the court until October 30, 2020. The trial court

denied a plenary hearing on custody, finding no genuine issue of material fact.

The court then denied without prejudice defendant's application for custody,

making findings based on the record before it, including, but not limited to:

defendant's certification, as well as the court's in-camera review of the DCPP

investigative file.   The court also issued an order that denied or granted

defendant certain relief but gave no reasons.

      On December 15, defendant filed the notice of appeal. Nine days later,

plaintiff filed a complaint for divorce in Monmouth County. On February 16,

2021, defendant obtained a dissolution of marriage in the United Kingdom. On

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July 9, in response to cross-motions from the parties, a Monmouth County

Family Part judge issued an order:

            continuing custody and parenting time as per the
            Middlesex County FRO still in effect;

            ordering a custody and parenting time evaluation;

            holding defendant's application to travel out of state
            with the children in abeyance pending the resolution of
            this appeal;

            requiring plaintiff to share all school and childcare
            related information with the defendant, and collaborate
            with defendant on related costs;

            denying plaintiff's application for payment of child
            support arrears allegedly owed by defendant;

            establishing a protocol for defendant's calls with the
            children and ensuring monitored communication
            between the parties;

            ordering sale of the family car to pay off the car loan
            and use the proceeds to purchase a new vehicle for
            plaintiff's use; and

            denying without prejudice relief sought by the parties
            concerning marital asset distribution and allocation of
            tax deductions and credits.

      Generally, our scope of review of Family Part orders is limited. Cesare v.

Cesare, 154 N.J. 394, 411 (1998). Defendant argues that the trial court erred by

failing to conduct a plenary hearing and make findings of fact prior to issuing

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its order of October 2020.    We agree.     The parties raised multiple issues

regarding custody, parenting time, and child support. On custody, defendant

asserted that his daughters were being improperly touched by plaintiff's

boyfriend. Plaintiff denied the allegations. DCPP investigated the allegations;

however, no one from DCPP was called to testify as to the agency's findings and

recommendations.

      We have recently stated that:

            [a] thorough plenary hearing is necessary in contested
            custody matters where the parents make materially
            conflicting representations of fact.

            A court, when presented with conflicting factual
            averments material to the issues before it, ordinarily
            may not resolve those issues without a plenary hearing.
            While we respect the family court's special expertise, a
            court may not make credibility determinations or
            resolve genuine factual issues based on conflicting
            affidavits . . . . Moreover, a plenary hearing is
            particularly important when the submissions show there
            is a genuine and substantial factual dispute regarding
            the welfare of children.

                   ....

            [T]he matter of visitation is so important, especially
            during the formative years of a child, that if a plenary
            hearing will better enable a court to fashion a plan of
            visitation more commensurate with a child's welfare
            . . . it should require it.

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            [J.G. v. J.H., 457 N.J. Super. 365, 372-73 (App. Div.
            2019) (alterations in original) (citations and internal
            quotation marks omitted).]

      Here, the March 2020 oral argument did not constitute a plenary hearing.

The court posed some questions to the litigants, but mostly responded to their

interjections throughout the proceeding.        The record shows genuine and

substantial factual disputes which require a plenary hearing. Id. at 372.

      We reverse the October 30, 2020 order and remand to Middlesex County.

Upon remand, Middlesex County shall transfer the case to Monmouth County

where it should be consolidated with the pending FM docket. The Monmouth

County judge should conduct a case management conference to determine the

issues that continue to need resolution. If custody, parenting time, and related

issues are still in dispute, the court shall conduct a plenary hearing, make

findings and issue an order on all outstanding issues at the earliest possible date.

      Reversed and remanded for proceedings in accordance with this opinion.

We do not retain jurisdiction.

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