Court Opinion

ID: 4271967
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-05-02 18:45:12.974747+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:33:21.298158
License: Public Domain

J-S84044-17

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA                   :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                v.                             :
                                               :
                                               :
    ANTHONY CEDENO                             :
                                               :
                       Appellant               :   No. 1088 MDA 2017

                   Appeal from the PCRA Order June 9, 2017
                 In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County
              Criminal Division at No(s): CP-06-CR-0001060-2015

BEFORE: SHOGAN, J., LAZARUS, J., and OTT, J.

MEMORANDUM BY OTT, J.:                                     FILED MAY 02, 2018

        Anthony Cedeno appeals, pro se, from the order entered June 9, 2017,

in the Berks County Court of Common Pleas, dismissing his first petition filed

pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”).1 Cedeno seeks relief from

the judgment of sentence, imposed August 31, 2015, of an aggregate term of

15 months to six years’ incarceration, and a concurrent term of seven years’

probation, after he entered an open guilty plea to charges of retail theft,

criminal conspiracy, and possession of drug paraphernalia.2 On appeal, he

challenges the ineffectiveness of prior counsel for allowing a plea agreement

to expire. For the reasons below, we affirm.

____________________________________________

1   42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546.

2 See 18 Pa.C.S. §§ 3929(a)(1) and 903, and 35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(32),
respectively.
J-S84044-17

       The facts underlying Cedeno’s convictions were summarized by the

PCRA court as follows:

              On January 29, 2015, [Cedeno] and an [a]ccomplice walked
       into a Target store in Spring Township, PA. While the [a]ccomplice
       talked with a Target employee, [Cedeno] went to the section that
       contained graphing calculators, took one, and placed it in his
       jacket. The graphing calculator has a value of $129.99. [Cedeno]
       and [a]ccomplice then met up and walked out of the store
       together, proceeding past all points of sale.

             Target’s Los Prevention team became aware of the theft and
       called the [p]olice who investigated the theft. [Cedeno] and
       [a]ccomplice were described to the [p]olice as well as the vehicle
       in which they left the scene. The [p]olice located the vehicle
       shortly thereafter. [Cedeno] was driving the car, and in the car
       on the floor the [p]olice found a graphing calculator still in its
       packaging. At the stop, the [p]olice asked [Cedeno] if he had any
       sharp objects or weapons on his person and [Cedeno] stated that
       he had a hypodermic needle near his foot. The [p]olice conducted
       a search of [Cedeno] and found a capped hypodermic needle in
       his right sock. [Cedeno] was taken into custody. Target’s
       surveillance video of the incident was given to the [p]olice.

PCRA Court Opinion, 8/29/2017, at 3.

       On August 31, 2015, Cedeno entered a guilty plea to the aforementioned

charges. That same day, the court sentenced him to a term of 15 months to

six years’ incarceration for retail theft,3 a concurrent term of seven years’

probation for conspiracy, and a concurrent term of one-year probation for

possession of paraphernalia.         Cedeno filed a timely post-sentence motion

seeking to modify his sentence and withdraw his plea. The trial court denied

____________________________________________

3 Retail theft is graded as a first-degree felony when it is the defendant’s third
or subsequent offense. 18 Pa.C.S. § 3929(b)(1)(iv). Cedeno had four prior
retail theft convictions. See N.T., 10/16/2015, at 10.

                                           -2-
J-S84044-17

the motion on September 11, 2015.              Cedeno’s judgment of sentence was

affirmed on direct appeal. See Commonwealth v. Cedeno, 145 A.3d 774

(Pa. Super. 2016) (unpublished memorandum).

       On April 20, 2016, Cedeno filed a timely, pro se PCRA petition, in which

he asserted claims concerning the ineffective assistance of plea counsel, and

in particular, insisted that he requested counsel accept a prior plea offer from

the Commonwealth which would have provided a more favorable sentence.

See Motion for Post Conviction Collateral Relief, 4/20/2016, unnumbered

addendum at 2-3.         Counsel was promptly appointed, and after receiving

several extensions of time, filed a petition to withdraw and Turner/Finley4

“no merit” letter on February 8, 2017. Thereafter, on May 16, 2017, the PCRA

court issued notice of its intent to dismiss the petition without first conducting

an evidentiary hearing pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907, and entered an order

granting PCRA counsel’s petition to withdraw.              Cedeno submitted a pro se

response     to   the   court’s   Rule   907     notice,   asserting   PCRA   counsel’s

ineffectiveness for failing to properly litigate his claim. However, on June 9,

2017, the PCRA court dismissed Cedeno’s petition.                 This timely appeal

followed.5

____________________________________________

4 See Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).

5Cedeno filed a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) concise statement of errors complained of
on appeal the same day as his notice of appeal.

                                           -3-
J-S84044-17

      Our review of an order denying PCRA relief is well-settled:

      This Court reviews a PCRA court’s decision in the light most
      favorable to the prevailing party. Commonwealth v. Hanible,
      612 Pa. 183, 30 A.3d 426, 438 (2011). Our review is limited to a
      determination of whether the record supports the PCRA court’s
      factual findings and whether its legal conclusions are free from
      error. Id. “A PCRA court’s credibility findings are to be accorded
      great deference, and where supported by the record, such
      determinations     are   binding    on    a    reviewing    court.”
      Commonwealth v. Treiber, ___ Pa. ___, 121 A.3d 435, 444
      (2015) (citing Commonwealth v. Dennis, 609 Pa. 442, 17 A.3d
      297, 301 (2011)). We review the PCRA court’s legal conclusions
      de novo. Commonwealth v. Roney, 622 Pa. 1, 79 A.3d 595,
      603 (2013).

Commonwealth v. Williams, 141 A.3d 440, 452 (Pa. 2016). Furthermore,

where, as here, the defendant alleges counsel rendered ineffective assistance,

we note:

              “In order to obtain relief under the PCRA premised upon a
      claim that counsel was ineffective, a petitioner must establish
      beyond a preponderance of the evidence that counsel’s
      ineffectiveness ‘so undermined the truth-determining process that
      no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken
      place.’” Commonwealth v. Payne, 794 A.2d 902, 905 (Pa.
      Super. 2002), quoting 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(2)(ii). When
      considering such a claim, courts presume that counsel was
      effective, and place upon the appellant the burden of proving
      otherwise. Id. at 906. “Counsel cannot be found ineffective for
      failure to assert a baseless claim.” Id.

            To succeed on a claim that counsel was ineffective,
      Appellant must demonstrate that: (1) the claim is of arguable
      merit; (2) counsel had no reasonable strategic basis for his or her
      action or inaction; and (3) counsel’s ineffectiveness prejudiced
      him. Commonwealth v. Allen, 833 A.2d 800, 802 (Pa. Super.
      2003).

Commonwealth v. Michaud, 70 A.3d 862, 867 (Pa. Super. 2013).                “To

demonstrate prejudice, a petitioner must show that there is a reasonable

                                     -4-
J-S84044-17

probability that, but for counsel’s actions or inactions, the result of the

proceeding would have been different.” Commonwealth v. Mason, 130 A.3d

601, 618 (Pa. 2015).

       The issue on appeal involves a layered claim of ineffectiveness.

Specifically, Cedeno argues PCRA counsel was ineffective for failing to request

an evidentiary hearing to “develop factual support” for his contention that plea

counsel was ineffective for failing to accept an earlier, more favorable, plea

offer from the Commonwealth.6 Cedeno’s Brief at 7. He further asserts PCRA

counsel’s “no merit” letter was based on an “erroneous fact,” that is, that

Cedeno “failed to inform his plea counsel that he wanted to accept the

Commonwealth’s offer.” Cedeno’s Brief at 10. Rather, Cedeno insists he did

ask plea counsel to accept the earlier agreement. See id. at 11.

       Cedeno’s claim is based on the following facts, which he readily

acknowledges are not of record due to the lack of a PCRA hearing:

       On August 25, 2015, [plea] counsel had a video conference with
       Cedeno from the Berks County Prison. Counsel informed Cedeno
       that the Commonwealth offered him a 1 to 5 year prison sentence
       for a guilty plea to the retail theft charge. The offer did not include
       any special probation and the remaining charges were to be
       dropped.

             Cedeno informed his plea counsel that he wanted to accept
       the Commonwealth’s offer. Counsel acknowledged that Cedeno
       wanted to accept the offer. Counsel further discussed how he
       would also try to reduce the 5-year maximum to 3 years. Counsel
       then informed Cedeno that Cedeno would be transported to the
____________________________________________

6Cedeno properly preserved this claim in his response to the PCRA court’s
Rule 907 notice of dismissal. See Commonwealth v. Rykard, 55 A.3d 1177,
1186 (Pa. Super. 2012), appeal denied, 64 A.3d 631 (Pa. 2013).

                                           -5-
J-S84044-17

        Berks County Courthouse to accept the Commonwealth’s offer on
        August 27, 2015.

               On the morning of August 27, 2015, Cedeno was shackled
        by the Berks County Sheriffs and put into a holding cell at the
        prison. Soon after, he was unshackled and told by the correctional
        officers to return to his housing unit. He was told that his hearing
        was postponed until 1:00 p.m. He was never transported to the
        courthouse on August 27th.

              Cedeno had no contact with his plea counsel until he was
        transported to the courthouse on August 31, 2015. Cedeno asked
        counsel about the plea agreement. Counsel informed him that he
        could no longer accept the offer. Counsel also had the district
        attorney inform Cedeno that the offer was no longer available.
        Cedeno entered an open guilty plea and received a 15 month to
        6-year sentence of incarceration with 7 years special probation.

Cedeno’s Brief at 9-10.          Accordingly, Cedeno argues plea counsel’s

ineffectiveness    caused   [him]   to   lose   his   opportunity   to   accept   the

Commonwealth plea offer.” Id. at 10. He insists plea counsel should have

either (1) insured he was brought to the courthouse on August 27th to accept

the plea, (2) accepted the plea on his behalf, or (3) insured the offer remained

“on the table in Cedeno’s absence.” Id.

        When considering a layered ineffectiveness claim, we must bear in

mind:

        [T]he critical inquiry is whether the first attorney that the
        defendant asserts was ineffective did, in fact, render ineffective
        assistance of counsel.      If that attorney was effective, then
        subsequent counsel cannot be deemed ineffective for failing to
        raise the underlying issue.

Commonwealth v. Rykard, 55 A.3d 1177, 1190 (Pa. Super. 2012)

(quotation omitted), appeal denied, 64 A.3d 631 (Pa. 2013).               Moreover,

“[a]llegations of ineffectiveness in connection with the entry of a guilty plea

                                         -6-
J-S84044-17

will serve as a basis for relief only if the ineffectiveness caused [the defendant]

to enter an involuntary or unknowing plea.” Commonwealth v. Mitchell,

105 A.3d 1257, 1272 (Pa. 2014) (quotation omitted).

      Here, the PCRA court concluded, “it is clear from the record that

[Cedeno] entered a voluntary and knowing guilty plea.” Order and Notice of

Intent to Dismiss, 5/16/2017, at 4. Our review of the transcript from Cedeno’s

August 31, 2015, guilty plea hearing supports the court’s finding. Despite his

present claim that counsel ignored his request to accept the earlier plea offer,

Cedeno made no mention of this during the August 31, 2015, plea colloquy.

Rather, he specifically stated he was satisfied with the services he received

from his attorney.      See N.T., 8/31/2015, at 5.         See also Statement

Accompanying Defendant’s Request to Enter a Guilty Plea, 8/31/2015, at 3

(indicating “[n]o one has forced [him] to plead guilty” and he is “satisfied with

the services of [his] attorney”).

      It is well-established that “[a] defendant is bound by the statements

made during the plea colloquy, and [] may not later offer reasons for

withdrawing the plea that contradict statements made when he pled.”

Commonwealth v. Brown, 48 A.3d 1275, 1277–1278 (Pa. Super. 2012),

appeal denied, 63 A.3d 773 (Pa. 2013). Whether or not plea counsel allowed

an earlier plea offer to lapse is irrelevant to the question of whether Cedeno’s

August 31, 2015, guilty plea was voluntarily entered. The record supports the

PCRA court’s finding that it was. Therefore, Cedeno’s claim regarding plea

counsel’s ineffectiveness fails.     Furthermore, because Cedeno has not

                                       -7-
J-S84044-17

established plea counsel rendered ineffective assistance, his layered claim that

PCRA counsel was ineffective for neglecting to adequately address this issue

also fails. See Rykard, supra.

      Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 05/2/2018

                                     -8-