Court Opinion

ID: 2987274
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-23 00:47:37.618924+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:03:23.911340
License: Public Domain

Affirmed and Memorandum Opinion filed April 4, 2013.

                                     In The

                    Fourteenth Court of Appeals

                             NO. 14-11-00521-CR

                 ADRIANA MORALES HUTSON, Appellant,
                                      V.

                      THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee.

          On Appeal from the County Criminal Court at Law No. 9
                              Harris County
                      Trial Court Cause No. 1726957

                MEMORANDUM                    OPINION

      A jury found appellant Adriana Morales Hutson guilty of prostitution. The
trial court sentenced Hutson to 180 days’ confinement in the Harris County Jail,
suspended the confinement, and placed Hutson on community supervision for two
years. In one issue on appeal, Hutson contends the evidence is insufficient to
support her conviction. We affirm.
                                         I

      On December 19, 2010, Officer K. Hett of the vice division of the Houston
Police Department was conducting an undercover investigation at the Pleasure
Zone, a business located at 5705 Richmond. The Pleasure Zone was a lingerie and
adult novelty store. Within the store was another business, La Femme, which
advertised itself as ―trashy.‖ The windows of La Femme were blacked out, and its
door, which was inside the Pleasure Zone, was locked. Access to La Femme had to
be granted by a worker behind the locked door. Once inside, a sign in the reception
area advertised ―session fees‖ of $50 for a thirty-minute show, $60 for couples, and
$70 for a two-girl show.

      Hett knocked on the door to La Femme and was allowed inside, where he
met Hutson in the reception area. Hutson was wearing a ―lingerie-type‖ dress.
Hutson took Hett down a hallway to room number three. According to Hett, when
he went into the room, Hutson told him the fee was $150, but he did not know
what that fee included. Inside the room were two nightstands on either side of a
futon-style bed. Rubbing oils, Wet Wipes, and towels were on one of the
nightstands. Hett did not have the correct change, so he gave Hutson $160.

      Hutson told Hett to ―get comfortable‖ and then left the room. Based on
Hett’s training and experience, he understood ―get comfortable‖ to mean to
disrobe. He removed his shirt, pants and shoes, but kept his underwear on. When
Hutson returned, she told him she needed to have him ―get all the way
comfortable,‖ which Hett understood to mean he was to remove his underwear and
―get completely naked.‖ Hett complied. Hutson instructed Hett to lay back on the
bed, while she began to straddle the upper-thigh area of his right leg. Hutson then
pulled the straps of her dress down, exposing her breasts, and placed one of Hett’s
hands on her breast.

                                         2
       Hett asked Hutson if she had a condom, and Hutson replied that ―she did not
perform full service.‖ Hett understood her to mean that she would not perform
―straight sex.‖ She also said she would not perform oral sex. Hett asked if there
was anyone else who would be willing to perform oral sex on him, and Hutson said
she would go and check. After a few minutes, Hutson returned and told Hett that
none of the girls there were willing to do that, but if he returned the next morning
there might be someone who would.

       Hett asked what would happen next, and Hutson replied that he would
receive ―the regular show.‖ Hett asked what that included, and Hutson closed her
fist and made a pumping motion, which Hett understood to be the motion for a
―hand job‖ or masturbation. To clarify what she meant by the motion, Hett made
the same motion and said ―hand job,‖ to which she nodded her head and said,
―yes.‖1 At trial, Hett explained that in his experience prostitutes are trained to
expect that they may be recorded, and so they often use nonverbal communication
to avoid incriminating themselves.

       Hett agreed to the ―hand job,‖ and he asked Hutson if, in addition, he could
―go down on her,‖ meaning to perform oral sex on her. According to Hett, Hutson
nodded her head in agreement and said, ―yes.‖ At that point, Hett believed he had
evidence to satisfy the elements of a prostitution case, so he signaled for a backup
officer to come in and assist in arresting Hutson.

       Hett was the only witness at Hutson’s trial. In addition to testifying about his
undercover investigation, Hett explained that he was using an audio recording
device that night, which captured his interaction with Hutson. The recording was
played for the jury. Hett also testified that, based on his training and his

       1
        At trial, Hett explained that he used slang terms for the proposed sexual activity so that
he would not be perceived to be an officer.

                                                3
experience, which included hundreds of vice cases, an agreement had been reached
between them in which Hutson was to masturbate him and he was to perform oral
sex on her.

                                         II

                                        A

       In her sole issue on appeal, Hutson contends that the evidence is factually
insufficient to support the jury’s verdict. But the Court of Criminal Appeals has
held that we apply only one standard—legal sufficiency—to evaluate whether the
evidence is sufficient to support a criminal conviction beyond a reasonable doubt.
Temple v. State, 390 S.W.3d 341, 360 (Tex. Crim. App. 2013).

       In a legal-sufficiency review, we examine all the evidence in the light most
favorable to the verdict to determine whether a rational trier of fact could have
found the essential elements of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v.
Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 (1979). This standard of review applies to cases
involving both direct and circumstantial evidence. Clayton v. State, 235 S.W.3d
772, 778 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007).

       Although we consider all of the evidence presented at trial, we do not
substitute our judgment regarding the weight and credibility of the evidence for
that of the fact finder. Williams v. State, 235 S.W.3d 742, 750 (Tex. Crim. App.
2007). We presume the jury resolved conflicting inferences in favor of the verdict,
and defer to that determination. Clayton, 235 S.W.3d at 778. We also determine
whether the necessary inferences are reasonable based upon the combined and
cumulative force of all the evidence when viewed in the light most favorable to the
verdict. Id.

                                         4
                                          B

         To secure a conviction for prostitution, the State was required to prove
beyond a reasonable doubt that Hutson knowingly agreed to engage in ―sexual
conduct‖ for a fee. See Tex. Penal Code § 43.02(a)(1).2 In this case, Hutson was
charged by information with knowingly agreeing to engage in the sexual conduct
of ―deviate sexual intercourse,‖ specifically oral sex, with K. Hett, for a fee. The
information was later amended to add a charge of knowingly agreeing to engage in
the sexual conduct of ―sexual contact,‖ specifically masturbation, with K. Hett, for
a fee.

         On appeal, Hutson notes the evidence shows that she refused to have sexual
intercourse or oral sex with Hett, and that other women in the building also
refused. She argues that Hett’s testimony that her nonverbal hand gesture
constituted an offer of masturbation is mere speculation, and Hett is simply
―assuming‖ that Hutson agreed to masturbate him for a fee of $160. Likewise,
Hutson argues, Hett’s testimony concerning the exchange in which Hutson
allegedly agreed that Hett could perform oral sex on her was merely Hett’s
assumption based on her ―nonverbal body language,‖ and her alleged agreement is
not reflected on the audio recording of the encounter. Therefore, Hutson maintains,
―the record is void as to any agreement and acceptance.‖

         Here, Hett testified that La Femme advertised the business as ―trashy.‖
When Hett entered La Femme, Hutson, dressed in lingerie-type attire, escorted him
to a back room. Inside the room were rubbing oils, Wet Wipes, and a bed. Hutson

         2
          ―Sexual conduct‖ includes ―deviate sexual intercourse, sexual contact, and sexual
intercourse.‖ Tex. Penal Code § 43.01(4). ―Deviate sexual intercourse‖ means any contact
between the genitals of one person and the mouth or anus of another person. Id. § 43.01(1).
―Sexual contact‖ means any touching of the anus, breast, or any part of the genitals of another
person with intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person. Id. § 43.01(3).

                                              5
quoted a price of $150 for a ―regular show‖—an amount that was $100 more than
the individual ―session fees‖ advertised—and Hett gave her $160. Hutson
instructed Hett to disrobe, and even though she refused to engage in sexual
intercourse with or perform oral sex on Hett, she apparently asked other women at
the business if they would be willing to fulfill Hett’s request. When Hutson
returned to the room, she told Hett that if he returned the next morning there might
be someone who would perform the requested services. Hutson then told Hett that,
for his $160, he would receive the ―regular show,‖ which included her
masturbating him. Rather than verbalize this agreement, Hett testified that Hutson
demonstrated the sex act by ―closing her fist‖ and ―pumping it.‖ Hett testified that
to confirm his understanding of their agreement, he mimicked the gesture and
asked if that meant ―hand job,‖ and Hutson nodded her head and answered, ―yes.‖
Hett also testified that Hutson agreed to allow him to perform oral sex on her,
again by both nodding her head and saying, ―yes.‖

      Although Hett was the State’s sole witness, the law is well settled that the
testimony of a single eyewitness may be legally sufficient to support a conviction.
See, e.g., Davis v. State, 177 S.W.3d 355, 359 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.]
2005, no pet.) (citing Aguilar v. State, 468 S.W.2d 75, 77 (Tex. Crim. App. 1971)).
Moreover, Hett’s testimony provided evidence of each element of the offense as
charged in the information. He testified that on December 19, 2010, Hutson
knowingly agreed to engage in deviate sexual intercourse (oral sex) and sexual
contact (masturbation), for money. The jury, as the trier of fact, was the sole judge
of Hett’s credibility and the weight of his testimony. Temple, 390 S.W.3d at 360;
Austin v. State, 794 S.W.2d 408, 412 (Tex. App.—Austin 1990, pet. ref’d). Based
on Hett’s testimony, a rational jury could have found beyond a reasonable doubt
that Hutson engaged in prostitution.

                                         6
         Hutson argues, however, that her hand gesture was insufficient evidence to
prove the specific meaning of masturbation and claims that the record is void as to
any agreement or acceptance. The Court of Criminal Appeals held in Morris v.
State that the evidence was sufficient to sustain a prostitution conviction when the
arresting officer testified that, based on his experience, the defendant was agreeing
to engage in sexual conduct when she made a ―driving motion with her body‖ and
suggested that $20 ―would get it.‖ See 565 S.W.2d 534, 534–35 (Tex. Crim. App.
1978). In McCarty v. State, the court held that a prostitution conviction was
supported by sufficient evidence when both the defendant and the arresting officer
made implied offers. See 616 S.W.2d 194, 196–97 (Tex. Crim. App. 1981).

         Moreover, the audio recording of the encounter was played for the jury, and
the jury was entitled to evaluate the recording’s contents and whether it conflicted
with Hett’s testimony concerning Hutson’s verbal and nonverbal agreements to
engage in sexual conduct with Hett. Finally, to the extent that Hutson is also
arguing that there was no evidence of an agreement to a fee, Hett testified that he
gave Hutson $160 at the start of their ―session,‖ and, after negotiations, Hutson
agreed to masturbate him as part of the ―regular show‖ for which he had already
paid, and she also agreed that he could perform oral sex on her. This evidence is
sufficient to support the conclusion that Hutson agreed to engage in sexual conduct
with Hett for a fee. See Austin, 794 S.W.2d at 413.

         Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the judgment of
conviction, we conclude that a rational jury could have found beyond a reasonable
doubt that Hutson engaged in prostitution. We therefore overrule Hutson’s sole
issue.

                                          7
                                      ***

      We affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                               /s/            Jeffrey V. Brown
                                              Justice

Panel consists of Justices Frost, Brown, and Busby.
Do Not Publish — TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(b).

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