Court Opinion

ID: 8420490
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-11-03 20:29:56.853409+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:48:23.432080
License: Public Domain

MEMORANDUM**
Appellant Daniel Rios (“Rios”) challenges the district court’s decision to revoke his probation. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1291 and 1294(1), and we affirm.
In November 1988, Rios pled guilty to four counts of abusive sexual conduct with children under the age of twelve, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1153 and 2244(a)(1) (1988). The district court sentenced Rios to eight years imprisonment in connection with two of those counts. In connection with the other two counts, the court suspended imposition of sentence and imposed concurrent five year terms of probation to begin upon termination of the prison term. Rios received credit for good conduct and was released early from prison on December 10, 1993. Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 4164 (repealed), Rios was deemed released on parole until the date 180 days prior to the expiration of the maximum prison term originally imposed.
Rios began serving the two concurrent five-year probation terms on April 27, 1996. On June 12, 1997, Rios met with his probation officer to discuss modifying the conditions of his probation to add new “sex offender” special conditions. One of these special conditions was that Rios “shall not have contact with children under the age of 18 without prior written permission of the probation officer and shall report immediately but no later than 8 hours to the probation officer any unauthorized contact with children.” On June 23, 1997, Rios signed a waiver of his statutory right to assistance of counsel and a hearing with respect to the addition of this “sex offender” special modification to his probation conditions. The district court found that Rios’s waiver was lawful, ie., voluntary, knowing, and intelligent.
On January 9, 2001, Rios’s probation officer filed a petition to revoke Rios’s probation, asserting, inter alia, that he violated the above condition of his probation by entering a public bathroom “with the intention of observing a child’s penis. Rios admitted purposely brushing against a child exiting the bathroom in order to obtain sexual stimulation. He failed to report this contact.”
During a hearing held pursuant to Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 32.1, a probation officer testified that Rios had admitted that on November 12, 2000, he entered the bathroom in a K-Mart store and brushed against a child who was exiting the bathroom. The probation officer also testified that Rios had entered the bathroom with the intention of becoming sexually stimulated by observing a child, and had hoped to see a child urinating or to touch a child. The probation officer testified that Rios did not report the contact.
*597The district court found that Rios had violated his conditions of probation. On April 29, 2002, the district court revoked Rios’s probation and sentenced him to two concurrent five year terms of imprisonment.
We review de novo whether a waiver was voluntary. United States v. Bautista-Avila, 6 F.3d 1360, 1364 (9th Cir.1993). We review for clear error a district court’s determination that a waiver was knowing and intelligent. United States v. Doe, 60 F.3d 544, 546 (9th Cir.1995). We review the district court’s decision to revoke probation for abuse of discretion. United States v. Duff, 831 F.2d 176, 177 (9th Cir. 1987) ; United States v. Simmons, 812 F.2d 561, 565 (9th Cir.1987). The district court has abused its discretion when its “decision is based on an erroneous conclusion of law or when the record contains no evidence on which [it] rationally could have based that decision.” United States v. Schlette, 842 F.2d 1574, 1577 (9th Cir. 1988) , amended by 854 F.2d 359 (9th Cir. 1988) (quoting In re Petition of Hill, 775 F.2d 1037, 1040 (9th Cir.1985)).
The waiver Rios signed clearly stated his statutory right to counsel, including appointed counsel, and a probation modification hearing. Rios received copies of the waiver and proposed sex offender modification # 3 from his probation officer eleven days before he signed the waiver. Rios thus had plenty of time to decide whether he wanted to seek the advice of counsel or to request a hearing with respect to the modification. Rios does not claim that his probation officer or anyone else coerced or compelled him to sign the waiver. Indeed, Rios returned to the probation office eleven days after receiving the waiver and modification, and signed the waiver voluntarily. Rios claims that he was told he had to sign the waiver because the district court had already ordered the modifications imposed upon him, but that claim is not substantiated by the record. Rios has not demonstrated that the district court’s determination that his waiver was knowing and intelligent was clearly erroneous. Rios’s probation modification was validly imposed.
With regard to revocation, the statutory provisions governing this case provide that the district court may, upon a finding that the probationer has -violated the terms of his probation, revoke probation and “require [the probationer] to serve the sentence imposed, or any lesser sentence, and, if imposition of sentence was suspended, may impose any sentence which might originally have been imposed.” 18 U.S.C. § 3653 (repealed); see also 18 U.S.C. § 3651 (repealed) (providing that the district court may set conditions of probation); Judgment, Conditions of Probation, Appellant’s Rec. Ex. at 8 (original conditions of 1988 Judgment against Appellant providing that probation may be revoked for violation of probation conditions). A district court “has broad discretion in revoking probation. The standard of proof required is that evidence and facts be such as reasonably to satisfy the judge that the probationer’s conduct has not been as required by the conditions of probation.” United States v. Guadarrama, 742 F.2d 487, 489 (9th Cir.1984) (internal citations omitted).
Here, evidence in the record indicates that Rios sought and accomplished unauthorized contact with a child, and failed to report this contact to his probation officer. This conduct violated the probationary condition prohibiting “contact with children under the age of 18 without prior written permission of the probation officer,” and requiring Rios to “report immediately but no later than 8 hours to the probation officer any unauthorized contact with children.” Such a violation consti*598tutes grounds for revocation. Consequently, we conclude that the district court did not abuse its discretion, and we affirm its decision to revoke Rios’s probation and resentence him in accordance with the original judgment. As this issue constitutes an adequate basis for the district court’s decision, we do not reach the other issues raised by the appellant.
AFFIRMED.

 This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.