Court Opinion

ID: 3094533
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-16 04:22:37.94872+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:51:13.591002
License: Public Domain

NO. 07-12-0158-CR

                           IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

                     FOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

                                   AT AMARILLO

                                      PANEL B

                                 JANUARY 25, 2013

                                 GERARDO REYES,

                                                               Appellant
                                          v.

                               THE STATE OF TEXAS,

                                                               Appellee
                         _____________________________

          FROM THE 46TH DISTRICT COURT OF WILBARGER COUNTY;

              NO. 11,545; HONORABLE DAN MIKE BIRD, PRESIDING

                               Memorandum Opinion

Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and HANCOCK, JJ.

      Gerardo Reyes was convicted after pleading guilty to possessing a controlled

substance and placed on five years probation. The State eventually moved to revoke

that probation and alleged that appellant violated a condition of his probation by

committing a criminal offense. The latter consisted of appellant possessing cocaine on

November 21, 2011.      The trial court granted the motion and revoked appellant’s

probation. Appellant now argues that no evidence supports the decision. We affirm.
       The record discloses that appellant signed a “drug admission” form wherein he

“admit[ted] to handling [and] touching” but not using cocaine on November 12, 2011.

Appellant’s probation officer testified that the form is completed “after [drug] testing and

a positive test” by a probationer. And, though appellant denied “tasting” the cocaine, he

illustrated to the probation officer how he touched it by putting his “hand out.”

       It is beyond doubt that a factfinder can make reasonable inferences from the

evidence before it. Gear v. State, 340 S.W.3d 743, 746 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). So too

is it true that one’s state of mind can be inferred from the conduct in which he engaged

and the circumstances surrounding that conduct. Ex parte Wheeler, 61 S.W.3d 766,

773 (Tex. App.–Fort Worth 2011), vacated on other grounds, 122 S.W.3d 170 (Tex.

Crim. App. 2003). We finally note that the State need only prove the allegations in a

motion to revoke by a preponderance of the evidence. Cobb v. State, 851 S.W.2d 871,

873 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993). Coupling these truisms to the evidence at bar leads us to

conclude that the trial court did not err.

       One possesses a controlled substance by exercising control, management,

custody or care over it while knowing the matter was contraband. Evans v. State, 202
S.W.3d 158, 161 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006). Moreover, possession need not be exclusive

to give rise to a criminal violation. McGoldrick v. State, 682 S.W.2d 573, 578 (Tex.

Crim. App. 1985). Here, appellant admitted to “handling” and “touching” “cocaine.”       To

admit that the substance was cocaine implicitly requires the individual to know the

substance was cocaine; logically, someone cannot admit to something being X unless

he knows it to be X.        Furthermore, the act of “handling” connotes examining by

touching, feeling, or moving the object with the hands or to manage with the hands.

                                             2
MERRIAM-W EBSTER’S COLLEGIATE DICTIONARY 565 (11th ed. 2003).              And, appellant

showed his probation officer how he extended his hand to handle the substance. Given

this, the trial court could have legitimately held that the evidence preponderated in favor

of concluding that appellant possessed a controlled substance in violation of the law.

      Accordingly, the judgment is affirmed.

                                         Brian Quinn
                                         Chief Justice

Do not publish.

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