Court Opinion

ID: 8373949
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-10-18 15:12:33.384735+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:46:10.839635
License: Public Domain

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

              Present: Judges Humphreys, Causey and Senior Judge Clements
UNPUBLISHED

              JOWELL TRAVIS LEGENDRE
                                                                                MEMORANDUM OPINION*
              v.      Record No. 0567-21-2                                           PER CURIAM
                                                                                   OCTOBER 18, 2022
              COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

                                 FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF CHESTERFIELD COUNTY
                                            Frederick G. Rockwell, III, Judge

                                (J. Martelino, Jr., on brief), for appellant.

                                (Jason S. Miyares, Attorney General; Mason D. Williams, Assistant
                                Attorney General, on brief), for appellee. Appellee submitting on
                                brief.

                      Jowell Travis Legendre (“appellant”) appeals the decision of the Circuit Court of

              Chesterfield County finding him in violation of the conditions of his previously suspended sentence

              and revoking the balance of the suspension. On appeal, appellant argues that his probation violation

              based on new convictions1 should be reversed if the new convictions are reversed on appeal. He

              also argues that the trial court abused its discretion by imposing ten years of active incarceration.

              After examining the briefs and record in this case, the panel unanimously holds that oral argument is

              unnecessary because “the appeal is wholly without merit.” Code § 17.1-403(ii)(a); Rule 5A:27(a).

                      *
                          Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.
                      1
                       The assignment of error refers to an appeal of a “felony conviction” to the Supreme
              Court of Virginia from this Court, but the referenced appeal addressed several convictions. See
              Legendre v. Commonwealth, No. 0642-20-2 (Va. Ct. App. May 5, 2021); Legendre v.
              Commonwealth, No. 210445 (Va. Feb. 1, 2022).
                                           BACKGROUND

       “In revocation appeals, the trial court’s ‘findings of fact . . . will not be reversed unless there

is a clear showing of abuse of discretion.’” Jacobs v. Commonwealth, 61 Va. App. 529, 535 (2013)

(quoting Davis v. Commonwealth, 12 Va. App. 81, 86 (1991)). “The evidence is considered in the

light most favorable to the Commonwealth, as the prevailing party below.” Id.

       In 2007, appellant pleaded guilty to statutory burglary and the trial court sentenced him to

fifteen years of incarceration, with thirteen years suspended for twenty years, conditioned upon

good behavior and supervised probation. The suspended sentence was revoked in part and

resuspended in 2009 and again in 2013. For the 2013 revocation, the trial court resuspended ten

years of the sentence for a period of ten years, conditioned on appellant’s good behavior,

compliance with the terms of his supervised probation, and payment of court costs. Appellant was

released from incarceration to supervised probation in April 2018.

       In February 2020, appellant’s probation officer reported to the trial court that appellant had

failed to report for multiple appointments and tested positive for drugs. The probation officer also

reported that on November 18, 2019, a jury in the City of Charlottesville Circuit Court had

convicted appellant of several violent felonies.

       At the May 6, 2021 revocation hearing, appellant stipulated that he had been convicted by a

jury in Charlottesville, Virginia, of “sexual object penetration, sodomy, robbery, credit card fraud,

[and] peeping into a dwelling.” The trial court found appellant in violation of the terms of his

suspended sentence. Noting that this was appellant’s third revocation hearing and he had

committed new offenses, the Commonwealth asked the trial court to revoke the balance of his

sentence. Appellant asked the trial court to consider revoking only “a portion” of his suspended

sentence and removing him from probation considering the lengthy sentences that were imposed on

him due to the new convictions and revocations of probation in other jurisdictions. In allocution,

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appellant acknowledged his past offenses but contested the facts supporting the new convictions.

The trial court found the nature of the new offenses “horrible” and was troubled that the suspended

sentence had not deterred appellant’s conduct. The trial court imposed the balance of appellant’s

suspended sentence. This appeal follows.

                                             ANALYSIS

                                    Appeal of New Convictions

       Appellant argues that this Court “should reverse the trial court’s finding of a probation

violation and its excessive sentence” if the new convictions from the other jurisdiction are

reversed. He concedes, however, that after this Court granted this appeal, the Supreme Court of

Virginia refused his petition challenging the new convictions. He also has made no representations

to this Court that he has sought further appeal of these convictions. Given that the condition on

which this assignment of error is premised has been resolved adversely to appellant, his argument is

moot. See Patterson v. Commonwealth, 12 Va. App. 1046, 1048-50 (1991) (holding that because

the appeal of the defendant’s new conviction was denied and no further appeal was sought, the

defendant’s argument that he had not violated probation by committing the offense was moot).

                                         Reimposed Sentence

       Appellant argues that the trial court abused its discretion by revoking all of the ten-year

suspended sentence without resuspending any of it.

       “In revocation appeals, the trial court’s ‘ . . . judgment will not be reversed unless there is a

clear showing of abuse of discretion.’” Jacobs, 61 Va. App. at 535 (quoting Davis, 12 Va. App. at

86). After suspending a sentence, a trial court “may revoke the suspension of sentence for any

cause the court deems sufficient that occurred at any time within the probation period, or within the

period of suspension fixed by the court.” Code § 19.2-306(A) (2016). Unless stated otherwise in

the sentencing or revocation order, a period of suspension begins “from the moment of . . .

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pronouncement” of a sentence. Green v. Commonwealth, 69 Va. App. 99, 104 (2018); see Lee v.

Commonwealth, 71 Va. App. 205, 211 (2019) (“[I]n Green, the trial court’s sentencing order did not

include language specifying when the period of suspension was to begin. In the case now before us,

however, the trial court’s sentencing order is rather clear that the period of suspension of the

suspended sentence and the good behavior required in it . . . did not begin until appellant’s release

from incarceration.”). “A condition of good behavior accompanies the period of suspension as a

matter of law.” Burnham v. Commonwealth, 298 Va. 109, 116 (2019).

        “A new conviction certainly constitutes good cause to revoke the suspension of a previously

imposed sentence.” Booker v. Commonwealth, 61 Va. App. 323, 338 (2012); see id. (“[T]he court

below did not abuse its discretion in revoking the entirety of appellant’s eight-year suspended

sentence in light of th[e] new conviction.”); Burnham, 298 Va. at 117-18 (“By committing new

crimes, the defendant violated the long[-]established implicit condition of good behavior.

Consequently, the court possessed the authority to revoke his previously suspended sentence for

crimes committed during the period of suspension.” (emphases added)).

        Here, we hold that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in revoking appellant’s entire

suspended sentence and reimposing the remaining balance. After appellant’s last revocation hearing

in 2013, the trial court sentenced appellant to eleven years and six months of incarceration, with ten

years suspended for a period of ten years. Thus, the period of suspension began in 2013 and was to

last until 2023. Appellant received his new convictions within this period, violating the implicit

condition of good behavior. New convictions are good cause to revoke a suspended sentence.

Given the “horrible” nature of the new convictions and the fact that this was appellant’s third

revocation proceeding, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in revoking the entirety of

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appellant’s ten-year sentence.2 Alsberry v. Commonwealth, 39 Va. App. 314, 316-17, 321-22

(2002) (upholding trial court’s decision to revoke the defendant’s probation and reimpose “the

entire balance of his previously suspended sentence, a total of twenty-four years and five and

one-half months,” when the defendant had new misdemeanor3 convictions, the defendant had

violated probation four times, and the original offenses were of a “grievous nature”).

                                          CONCLUSION

       For the reasons above, the trial court’s decision is affirmed.

                                                                                            Affirmed.

       2
          Appellant’s reliance on Payne v. Commonwealth, No. 1759-01-1 (Va. Ct. App. Aug. 20,
2002), is misplaced. First, we note that unpublished opinions are not binding on this Court.
Second, Payne is distinguishable in that, while Payne, like appellant here, had a new conviction
for a crime he told the court he did not commit, that conviction was obtained by Payne making
an Alford plea. Payne, slip op. at 3-4; Ramsey v. Commonwealth, 65 Va. App. 593, 596 n.1
(2015) (“When offering an Alford plea of guilty, a defendant asserts his innocence but admits
that sufficient evidence exists to convict him of the offense.” (emphasis added)). In contrast,
here, appellant was convicted of the new crimes by a jury. The trial court here noted this fact,
stating, “it’s significant to the [c]ourt that you were convicted by a jury of these offenses.”
       3
         The defendant in Alsberry had new convictions for “misdemeanor destruction of private
property” and “being a Peeping Tom.” 39 Va. App. at 316. Alsberry does not specify what
section of the Code the defendant violated in “being a Peeping Tom,” but appellant likely
violated Code § 18.2-130, entitled “Peeping or spying into dwelling or enclosure.” At the time
of Alsberry’s conviction, a violation of Code § 18.2-130 was a misdemeanor. See Code
§ 18.2-130(E) (1999).
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