Court Opinion

ID: 9373193
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-02-22 16:03:20.447565+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:39.959565
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     DETLEF GOELLNER,                                DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         SF-0752-16-0757-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND                          DATE: November 29, 2022
       SECURITY,
                 Agency.

             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Detlef Goellner, Bellingham, Washington, pro se.

           Lawrence J. Lucarelli, Esquire, Seattle, Washington, for the agency.

                                           BEFORE

                               Cathy A. Harris, Vice Chairman
                                Raymond A. Limon, Member
                                 Tristan L. Leavitt, Member

                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     dismissed his appeal as untimely filed without good cause shown for the delay.
     Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only in the following
     circumstances: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of material fact;

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                         2

     the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation
     or the erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the administrative
     judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial decision
     were not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of discretion,
     and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and material
     evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due
     diligence, was not available when the record closed.        Title 5 of the Code of
     Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).             After fully
     considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not
     established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review.
     Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision,
     which is now the Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).

                                       BACKGROUND
¶2         The agency proposed placing the appellant, a GS-13 Customs and Border
     Protection (CBP) Supervisory Officer, on an indefinite suspension because the
     State of Washington charged him with three crimes for which a sentence of
     imprisonment may be imposed: a single count of Reckless Burning in the First
     Degree, a class C felony; and two counts of Reckless Endangerment, a gross
     misdemeanor.     Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 1 at 4-6, 12-13.      The appellant
     responded to the agency’s proposal letter. Id. at 32-33. The deciding official
     sustained the charges and found that the penalty was appropriate based on the
     seriousness of the crimes and the standard of conduct expected from a supervisory
     officer like the appellant. Id. at 7.
¶3         The suspension became effective upon the appellant’s August 1, 2016
     signed receipt of the agency’s decision letter, which provided that the suspension
     would continue until:       (1) the resolution of the criminal charges; (2) the
     completion of any agency investigation concerning the factual situation that
     formed the basis of the criminal charges; or (3) the notice period of any adverse
                                                                                        3

     action proposed based on the factual situation that resulted from or formed the
     basis of the criminal charges. Id. at 7-10. The letter also informed the appellant:
            You have the right to appeal this action to the Merit Systems
            Protection Board (MSPB) in two instances. First, you may appeal
            my decision to indefinitely suspend you any time after the effective
            date of this action but not later than thirty (30) calendar days after
            your receipt of this letter. If your appeal is late, it may be dismissed
            as untimely. Second, you also have the right to appeal to the MSPB
            your continuation in an indefinite suspension duty status after the
            conclusion of the criminal proceedings and any administrative
            actions which CBP may take against you if you believe the
            continuation of the suspension becomes unreasonable. Such an
            appeal should be filed within thirty (30) calendar days of the date
            you think the indefinite suspension has become unreasonable.
     Id. at 8.
¶4         The appellant filed this appeal of his indefinite suspension on September 6,
     2016. IAF, Tab 1. The administrative judge issued an order giving the appellant
     notice of his burden to demonstrate that his appeal was timely filed or that good
     cause existed for the delay, and she set a date for the close of the record on the
     timeliness issue. IAF, Tab 3. The appellant’s only response addressed the merits
     of the agency’s action but not the timeliness of his appeal. IAF, Tab 6. Because
     she found that the appellant failed to establish that he timely filed his appeal or
     that good cause existed for the delay, the administrative judge issued an initial
     decision that dismissed the appeal as untimely filed. IAF, Tab 10.
¶5         In his petition for review, the appellant asserts that he responded in a timely
     fashion to the agency’s proposal letter and that he filed his appeal late because
     the decision letter “stated 30 days or 30 days from when I believe that the
     suspension has become unreasonable.” Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1.
     He acknowledges that he may have misunderstood the deadline, explaining that
     he has no experience in these matters and no one to help him. Id. The agency
     responds in opposition to the appellant’s petition for review. PFR File, Tab 3.
                                                                                       4

                         DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW
¶6         The appellant bears the burden to prove by preponderan t evidence that his
     appeal was timely filed. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.56(b)(2)(i)(B). The Board’s regulations
     provide that an appeal must be filed with the Board no later than 30 days after the
     effective date of the agency’s action, or 30 days after the date of the appellant’s
     receipt of the agency decision, whichever is later. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.22(b). As
     noted above, the appellant received the agency’s decision on August 1, 2016,
     making his appeal due on August 31, 2016. Id.; IAF, Tab 1 at 10. The date of a
     filing submitted by mail is determined by the postmark date.             5 C.F.R.
     § 1201.4(l).   The appellant’s appeal is postmarked September 6, 2016.        IAF,
     Tab 1. Thus, we agree with the administrative judge that the appellant untimely
     filed his appeal.
¶7         To establish good cause for the untimely filing of an appeal, a party must
     show that he exercised due diligence or ordinary prudence under the particular
     circumstances of the case.        E.g., Marcantel v. Department of Energy,
     121 M.S.P.R. 330, ¶ 10 (2014); Alonzo v. Department of the Air Force,
     4 M.S.P.R. 180, 184 (1980). To determine if an appellant has shown good cause,
     the Board considers the length of the delay, the reasonableness of the appellant’s
     excuse and his showing of due diligence, whether the appellant is proceeding pro
     se, and whether he has presented evidence of the exist ence of circumstances
     beyond his control that affected his ability to comply with the time limits or of
     unavoidable casualty or misfortune that similarly shows a causal relationship to
     his inability to timely file his petition.   E.g., Moorman v. Department of the
     Army, 68 M.S.P.R. 60, 62-63 (1995), aff’d, 79 F.3d 1167 (Fed. Cir. 1996) (Table).
¶8         In the absence of a showing of good cause, the Board has dismissed appeals
     as untimely filed even when the filing delay was minimal.             Melendez v.
     Department of Homeland Security, 112 M.S.P.R. 51, ¶ 16 (2009) (holding that the
     appellant failed to show good cause for his 3-day filing delay); White v.
     Department of Justice, 103 M.S.P.R. 312, ¶¶ 10, 15 (2006) (determining that the
                                                                                            5

      appellant failed to show good cause for his 5-day filing delay), aff’d,
      230 F. App’x 976 (Fed. Cir. 2007). In his only responsive pleading below, the
      appellant failed to offer any explanation as to why he had been unable to submit a
      timely appeal. IAF, Tab 6. Thus, despite the minimal delay, we find that the
      appellant has failed to demonstrate good cause for the untimel iness of his appeal.
¶9          Further, despite the appellant’s pro se status and his professed inexperience
      with Board matters, PFR File, Tab 1, it is well established that lack of familiarity
      with the Board’s practices does not constitute good cause for waiver of its
      timeliness requirements, Mata v. Office of Personnel Management, 53 M.S.P.R.
      552, 554–55, aff’d, 983 F.2d 1088 (Fed. Cir. 1992) (Table); see Caballero v.
      Department of the Army, 59 M.S.P.R. 298, 302 (1993) (finding that inexperience
      with legal matters and unfamiliarity with Board procedures do not warrant waiver
      of the Board’s deadlines).       Considering the clarity with which the agency
      explained the appellant’s appeal rights, the appellant’s explicit acknowledgment
      that the agency’s decision letter notified him that he had “30 days to appeal this
      decision” to the Board, and his failure to address the timeliness of his appeal in
      his response to the administrative judge’s order below, IAF, Tab 1 at 1, 8, Tabs 3,
      6, we agree with the administrative judge that the appeal was untimely filed
      without good cause shown for the delay.
¶10         For these reasons, we affirm the administrative judge’s decision to dismiss
      the appeal as untimely filed with no showing of good cause for the delay.

                               NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 2
            You may obtain review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By
      statute, the nature of your claims determines the time limit for seeking such
      review and the appropriate forum with which to file.              5 U.S.C. § 7703(b).

      2
        Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated
      the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the
      Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.
                                                                                        6

Although we offer the following summary of available appeal rights, the Merit
Systems Protection Board does not provide legal advice on which option is most
appropriate for your situation and the rights described below do not represent a
statement of how courts will rule regarding which cases fall within their
jurisdiction.   If you wish to seek review of this final decision, you should
immediately review the law applicable to your claims and carefully follow all
filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file within the applicable time
limit may result in the dismissal of your case by your chosen forum.
      Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review
below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions
about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you
should contact that forum for more information.

      (1) Judicial review in general. As a general rule, an appellant seeking
judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court
within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision.               5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(A).
      If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal   Circuit,   you   must   submit   your   petition   to   the   court    at   the
following address:
                              U.S. Court of Appeals
                              for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                             Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of partic ular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
                                                                                    7

      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

      (2) Judicial   or   EEOC     review   of   cases     involving    a   claim   of
discrimination. This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you
were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action
was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain
judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination
claims—by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court (not the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you
receive this decision.     5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems
Protection Board, 582 U.S. ____ , 137 S. Ct. 1975 (2017).              If you have a
representative in this case, and your representative re ceives this decision before
you do, then you must file with the district court no later than 30 calendar days
after your representative receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of
discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling
condition, you may be entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and
to waiver of any requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security. See
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.
      Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at their respective
websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.
      Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding
all other issues. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the
                                                                                 8

EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive
this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives
this decision.
      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the
address of the EEOC is:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                  P.O. Box 77960
                             Washington, D.C. 20013

      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or
by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                 131 M Street, N.E.
                                   Suite 5SW12G
                             Washington, D.C. 20507

      (3) Judicial     review   pursuant   to   the   Whistleblower    Protection
Enhancement Act of 2012. This option applies to you only if you have raised
claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or
other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).
If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s
disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in section
2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or 2302(b)(9)(A)(i),
(B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial review either with the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court of appeals of
competent jurisdiction. 3   The court of appeals must receive your petition for

3
  The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain
whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on
December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on
                                                                                      9

review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision.               5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(B).
      If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the
following address:
                               U.S. Court of Appeals
                               for the Federal Circuit
                              717 Madison Place, N.W.
                              Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the F ederal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file petitions for judicial review of
MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.
The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to November 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115 -195,
132 Stat. 1510.
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      Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their
respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.

FOR THE BOARD:                                  /s/ for
                                        Jennifer Everling
                                        Acting Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.