Court Opinion

ID: 3131732
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-17 00:36:17.739808+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:33:40.034741
License: Public Domain

Note: Decisions of a three-justice panel are not to be considered as precedent before any tribunal.

                                           ENTRY ORDER

                           SUPREME COURT DOCKET NO. 2014-302

                                          MAY TERM, 2015

 State of Vermont                                      }    APPEALED FROM:
                                                       }
                                                       }    Superior Court, Caledonia Unit,
    v.                                                 }    Criminal Division
                                                       }
                                                       }
 Ralph N. Morale                                       }    DOCKET NO. 424-5-13 Cacr

                                                            Trial Judge: Robert R. Bent

                          In the above-entitled cause, the Clerk will enter:

       Defendant appeals from a superior court order denying his motion for reconsideration of
sentence. Defendant contends the court’s order is essentially unreviewable because it fails to
provide a reasoned basis for the ruling. We agree, and therefore reverse and remand.

        Defendant was charged with driving under the influence, fourth or subsequent offense.
He ultimately entered a plea agreement to resolve the DUI and several other charges which
called for an aggregate sentence of fifteen months to ten years. A change of plea hearing was
held on June 2014. The court obtained the necessary waivers, established a factual basis for the
plea, and addressed defendant’s request, through his attorney, for a delayed sentence to allow
defendant to get certain affairs in order. The court also acknowledged defendant’s admitted
struggles with alcohol, noting that it was “a problem that’s plagued you your whole life,” and
observed that this in part explained the length of the sentence—to keep him off the roads, obtain
a period of “enforced abstinence,” and enroll in the necessary programming in prison. The court
accepted the plea and imposed a sentence of fifteen months to ten years to serve.

        Less than two weeks later, defendant filed a pro se motion for sentence reconsideration,
which he later supplemented with two letters to the court in July 2014. Defendant sought a
reduced sentence of six months to three years, arguing that he would be better served by living in
a halfway house or under “house arrest” and obtaining treatment in the community where he
would have the support of his friends and family. The State filed no response. On July 14,
2014, the trial court denied the motion on a form entry order by checking the line next to
“Denied.” No explanation or statement of reasons for the ruling was provided in the order.

        The decision on a motion for sentence reconsiderations is committed to the sound
discretion of the trial court, which we review solely for abuse of discretion. State v. King, 2007
VT 124, ¶ 6, 183 Vt. 539 (mem.). We have recognized that the trial court enjoys “wide
discretion in determining what factors to consider during sentence reconsideration,” noting that
its purpose is simply to “consider anew the circumstances and factors present at the time of the
original sentencing” and not to “review post-incarceration circumstances or events.” Id.
(quotation omitted). As these standards suggest, “sentence reconsideration is of limited utility
when a defendant’s original sentence was based on a plea.” Id.

       Accordingly, we have held that a court may “in its discretion deny a sentence-
reconsideration motion without an evidentiary hearing” or even factual findings where there is
no material factual dispute. Id. Indeed, in King we upheld a trial court’s denial of such a motion
in a “brief order” stating “many of the matters raised [in the motion] were considered by the
judge at the 2 day sentencing hearing. The fact that defendant now wishes he had taken the
witness stand is no reason to grant a sentence reconsideration.” Id. ¶ 5.

        It is equally well settled that a trial court ruling must provide at least some basis for a
reviewing court to determine that the trial court exercised its discretion and how it was exercised.
See, e.g., State v. Passino, 154 Vt. 377, 379 (1990) (remanding to trial court where was “no
indication that the trial court exercised its discretion” in bail proceeding). The trial court’s order
here does not meet this minimal standard. Accordingly, we conclude that the matter must be
remanded for reconsideration.

       Reversed and remanded for reconsideration.

                                                 BY THE COURT:

                                                 _______________________________________
                                                 Paul L. Reiber, Chief Justice

                                                 _______________________________________
                                                 John A. Dooley, Associate Justice

                                                 _______________________________________
                                                 Marilyn S. Skoglund, Associate Justice

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