Court Opinion

ID: 9408257
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-07-12 00:00:45.666894+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:20:42.969202
License: Public Domain

Case: 22-60528        Document: 00516816858             Page: 1      Date Filed: 07/11/2023

             United States Court of Appeals
                  for the Fifth Circuit                                   United States Court of Appeals
                                                                                   Fifth Circuit

                                     ____________                                FILED
                                                                             July 11, 2023
                                      No. 22-60528                          Lyle W. Cayce
                                    Summary Calendar                             Clerk
                                    ____________

   Amparo De Los Angeles Alvarez; Brayan Orlando Reyes-
   Alvarez; Jenifer Estefany Reyes-Alvarez,

                                                                                 Petitioners,

                                            versus

   Merrick Garland, U.S. Attorney General,

                                                                                Respondent.
                     ______________________________

                        Petition for Review of an Order of the
                            Board of Immigration Appeals
                             Agency Nos. A206 624 239,
                            A206 624 240, A206 624 241
                     ______________________________

   Before Wiener, Elrod, and Engelhardt, Circuit Judges.
   Per Curiam:*
         Amparo De Los Angeles Alvarez and her children, Brayan Orlando
   Reyes-Alvarez and Jenifer Estefany Reyes-Alvarez, petition for review of the
   Board of Immigration Appeals’s decision dismissing their appeal from the
   Immigration Judge’s denial of De Los Angeles Alvarez’s application for

         _____________________
         *
             This opinion is not designated for publication. See 5th Cir. R. 47.5.
Case: 22-60528       Document: 00516816858          Page: 2   Date Filed: 07/11/2023

                                     No. 22-60528

   asylum and withholding of removal. Brayan and Jenifer are derivatives of
   their mother’s application for relief.
            We review findings of fact, including the denial of asylum and
   withholding of removal, under the substantial evidence standard.            See
   Gonzales-Veliz v. Barr, 938 F.3d 219, 224 (5th Cir. 2019). Conclusions of law
   are reviewed de novo. See Sharma v. Holder, 729 F.3d 407, 411 (5th Cir.
   2013).
            Substantial evidence supports the BIA’s holding that De Los Angeles
   Alvarez’s proposed particular social group of “young women in El Salvador
   who cannot escape sexual abuse by criminal groups” is not cognizable
   because it is impermissibly defined by the harm. See Jaco v. Garland, 24 F.4th
   395, 407 (5th Cir. 2021) (holding that a PSG “must exist independent of the
   persecution claimed”); Gonzales-Veliz, 938 F.3d at 232 (holding that PSG of
   “Honduran women unable to leave their relationship” does not exist
   independently of the harm). De Los Angeles Alvarez’s failure to show a
   cognizable PSG is dispositive of her asylum and withholding of removal
   claims. See id. at 224. We have expressly rejected Salazar’s second issue on
   review that a notice to appear without a date and time of the removal hearing
   is defective outside of the in-absentia or stop-time rule context. See Garcia v.
   Garland, 28 F.4th 644, 646-48 (5th Cir. 2022).
            Accordingly, the petition for review is DENIED.

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