Court Opinion

ID: 3054336
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-13 23:53:37.098802+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:49:30.129620
License: Public Domain

FOR PUBLICATION
  UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
       FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

In the Matter of: J’AMY LYNN              
OWENS,
                          Debtor,               No. 07-35634
                                                 BAP No.
                                              WW-06-01421-KMoR
SHULKIN HUTTON, INC., P.S.,
                        Appellant,               ORDER
                                                AMENDING
               v.
                                               OPINION AND
KENNETH TREIGER; J’AMY LYNN                     AMENDED
OWENS; THE BANK OF AMERICA;                      OPINION
THE VICENS,
                        Appellees.
                                          
                Appeal from the Ninth Circuit
                 Bankruptcy Appellate Panel
  Riblet, Klein, and Montali, Bankruptcy Judges, Presiding

                Submitted December 11, 2008*
                    Seattle, Washington

                    Filed December 31, 2008
                   Amended January 15, 2009

     Before: Ronald M. Gould, Richard C. Tallman, and
           Consuelo M. Callahan, Circuit Judges.

                    Opinion by Judge Gould

  *The panel unanimously finds this case suitable for decision without
oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

                                 621
                   IN THE MATTER OF OWENS                      623

                         COUNSEL

Jerome Shulkin, Shulkin Hutton, Inc., P.S., Mercer Island,
Washington, for the appellant.

Charles A. Johnson, Jr., Law Office of Charlie Johnson, Seat-
tle, Washington, for the appellees.

                           ORDER

  The opinion filed on December 31, 2008 and published at
__ F.3d __, 2008 WL 5413313, is AMENDED as follows.

First, the last two sentences before Section II, originally:

    Shulkin Hutton appealed the dismissal to the BAP,
    which affirmed the bankruptcy court. In its decision,
    the BAP found that Owens had an annual earning
    capacity between $150,000 and $800,000.

Shall be replaced by the following:
624                  IN THE MATTER OF OWENS
      In its decision, the bankruptcy court noted that
      Owens had an annual earning capacity between
      $150,000 and $800,000. Shulkin Hutton appealed
      the dismissal to the BAP, which affirmed the bank-
      ruptcy court.

Second, the last sentence before Section III, originally:

      Findings of fact by the BAP are reviewed for clear
      error. Wolkowitz v. Shearson Lehman Bros., Inc. (In
      re Weisberg), 136 F.3d 655, 657 (9th Cir. 1998).

Shall be replaced by the following:

      We review the bankruptcy court’s factual findings
      for clear error. Latman v. Burdette, 366 F.3d 774,
      781 (9th Cir. 2004).

Third, the first sentence of the second paragraph in Section
III, originally:

      Here, the BAP determined that Owens has substan-
      tial future earning capacity, and we see no clear error
      in its factual finding.

Shall be replaced by the following:

      Here, the bankruptcy court noted that Owens has
      substantial future earning capacity, and we see no
      clear error in its factual finding.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

                           OPINION

GOULD, Circuit Judge:

   Shulkin Hutton, Inc., P.S. (“Shulkin Hutton”), a law firm
creditor of debtor J’Amy Lynn Owens, appeals the decision
                   IN THE MATTER OF OWENS                  625
of the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel (“BAP”) affirming the
bankruptcy court’s dismissal of Owens’ Chapter 11 case. We
conclude that the bankruptcy court did not abuse its discretion
in dismissing Owens’ case rather than converting it to Chapter
7, and we affirm.

                               I

   J’Amy Owens and Ken Treiger were married in 1997 and
bought a home (“Maplewood”) on Maplewood Place in Seat-
tle using community assets. The couple separated in 2000 and
received a final divorce decree on June 19, 2002.

   Prior to the divorce decree, Treiger filed for Chapter 13
bankruptcy, later converted to Chapter 7. In an adversary pro-
ceeding filed against Owens by the trustee, the bankruptcy
court ruled that Maplewood was community property and
therefore property of Treiger’s Chapter 7 estate. Owens and
the trustee then entered into a settlement agreement, in which
Owens paid the trustee $215,000 in full satisfaction of all
trustee claims against Owens relating to Maplewood, and the
trustee conveyed Maplewood to Owens through a quitclaim
deed. Treiger’s bankruptcy case closed on March 21, 2005.

   Owens and Treiger resumed their divorce litigation in
Washington Superior Court over the division of their prop-
erty. On April 17, 2006, the state court ruled that Maplewood
was a combination of community and separate property
because some of the funds Owens used in purchasing the quit-
claim deed were themselves community property. The court
ordered Maplewood sold and the proceeds divided equally
between the former spouses.

   Maplewood was scheduled for sale on September 18, 2006.
On September 7, Owens filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy,
claiming Maplewood as her only significant asset. Among
Owens’ listed unsecured creditors was Shulkin Hutton, to
626                   IN THE MATTER OF OWENS
which she owed legal expenses incurred in an earlier Chapter
11 case.1

   Treiger filed a motion to dismiss Owens’ bankruptcy case
as a bad faith filing under 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b) and/or to order
a sale free and clear of Maplewood. The bankruptcy court
granted the motion, ruling that the bankruptcy was filed in
bad faith as a litigation tactic intended to delay Maplewood’s
sale. In its decision, the bankruptcy court noted that Owens
had an annual earning capacity between $150,000 and
$800,000. Shulkin Hutton appealed the dismissal to the BAP,
which affirmed the bankruptcy court.

                                  II

   We independently review the bankruptcy court’s rulings on
appeal from the BAP. Miller v. Cardinale (In re DeVille), 361
F.3d 539, 547 (9th Cir. 2004). We review for abuse of discre-
tion the bankruptcy court’s decision under 11 U.S.C.
§ 1112(b) to dismiss a Chapter 11 case as a “bad faith” filing.
Marsch v. Marsch (In re Marsch), 36 F.3d 825, 828 (9th Cir.
1994). We review the bankruptcy court’s factual findings for
clear error. Latman v. Burdette, 366 F.3d 774, 781 (9th Cir.
2004).

                                 III

   [1] Shulkin Hutton does not challenge the bankruptcy
court’s determination that there was cause for dismissal.
Instead, Shulkin Hutton argues that the bankruptcy court
should have converted the case to Chapter 7 rather than dis-
missing it outright because, as Shulkin Hutton sees it, conver-
sion would be in the “best interests of creditors and the
estate.” 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b). Yet we conclude that Shulkin
Hutton has not shown that conversion would be in the best
  1
   Owens had previously filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on February 19,
2002, and that case closed on July 5, 2005.
                   IN THE MATTER OF OWENS                  627
interests of Owens’ other creditors. We agree with the Fourth
Circuit that when deciding between dismissal and conversion
under 11 U.S.C. § 1112(b), “the court must consider the inter-
ests of all of the creditors.” Rollex Corp. v. Associated Mate-
rials, Inc. (In re Superior Siding & Window, Inc.), 14 F.3d
240, 243 (4th Cir. 1994).

   [2] Here, the bankruptcy court noted that Owens has sub-
stantial future earning capacity, and we see no clear error in
its factual finding. Consequently, Owens’ other creditors
would fare worse under Chapter 7 because the accompanying
discharge would deny them access to Owens’ future income.
See 11 U.S.C. § 727(b). We conclude that the bankruptcy
court did not base its decision on an erroneous conclusion of
law and that the record contained sufficient evidence for the
court to decide that the best interests of creditors and the
estate would favor dismissal over conversion. We consider
this a sufficient basis on which to affirm the decision of the
bankruptcy court. See Benedor Corp. v. Conejo Enters., Inc.
(In re Conejo Enters., Inc.), 96 F.3d 346, 351 (9th Cir. 1996).
   [3] We also reject Shulkin Hutton’s argument that the
Washington state court had no jurisdiction to divide Maple-
wood. Shulkin Hutton contends that bankruptcy courts have
exclusive jurisdiction over Maplewood because rights to the
property were decided by the settlement agreement between
Owens and Treiger, and as part of the settlement Owens
received a quitclaim deed to Maplewood. Cf. Henrichs v. Val-
ley View Development, 474 F.3d 609, 614 (9th Cir. 2007)
(“[A] state court judgment entered in a case that falls within
the federal courts’ exclusive jurisdiction may be collaterally
attacked in a district court.”). We conclude that there is no
jurisdictional problem. When the dissolution decree was
entered, Treiger’s bankruptcy proceeding had ended, and so
there was no competing jurisdictional claim to Maplewood.
The state court considered the settlement agreement but found
that Maplewood was still community property because a por-
tion of the money that Owens used in the settlement was com-
628               IN THE MATTER OF OWENS
munity property. Moreover, the state court acted within its
jurisdiction even if Maplewood was Owens’ separate prop-
erty. In dissolution proceedings, Washington courts have the
power to divide both community and separate property
between the parties. Wash. Rev. Code § 26.09.080.
                              IV
   [4] The bankruptcy court’s decision to dismiss was sup-
ported by the record and was not an abuse of discretion.
   AFFIRMED.