Court Opinion

ID: 9412044
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-07-28 18:11:31.995109+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:41:24.927787
License: Public Domain

J-A08013-23

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT OP 65.37

  COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA                 :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                  v.                           :
                                               :
                                               :
  VOLKER KIEFER                                :
                                               :
                         Appellant             :   No. 1519 WDA 2021

      Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered October 19, 2021
             In the Court of Common Pleas of Cameron County
             Criminal Division at No.: CP-12-CR-0000018-2021

BEFORE:      STABILE, J., SULLIVAN, J., and PELLEGRINI, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY STABILE, J.:                          FILED: July 27, 2023

       Appellant Volker Kiefer appeals from the October 19, 2021 judgment of

sentence entered in the Court of Common Pleas of Cameron County (“trial

court”), following his guilty plea to four counts of possession of child

pornography under Section 6312(d) of the Crimes Code, 18 Pa.C.S.A.

§ 6312(d).     His counsel has filed a brief and an application to withdraw

pursuant     to        Anders   v.   California,   386   U.S.   738   (1969),   and

Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009). Upon review, we

affirm the judgment of sentence and grant counsel’s application to withdraw.

       The facts and procedural history of this case are undisputed. Briefly, in

connection with possession of child pornography, Appellant pled guilty to the

aforementioned crimes on July 7, 2021. The trial court, on October 19, 2021,

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* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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sentenced Appellant to an aggregate term of 3 to 10 years’ imprisonment.1

On October 29, 2021, Appellant filed a post-sentence motion, challenging only

his sentence.      The trial court denied the motion on November 3, 2021.

Appellant timely appealed.         On February 9, 2022, the trial court directed

Appellant to file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement of errors complained of on

appeal. Appellant failed to comply.

       On November 16, 2022, Appellant’s counsel filed in this Court an

Anders brief, wherein counsel principally challenged the validity of Appellant’s

guilty plea. Anders Brief at 7-11. On January 25, 2023, Appellant’s counsel

filed an application to withdraw as counsel.

       On May 24, 2023, we directed Appellant’s counsel to comply with the

trial court’s February 9, 2022 order by either filing a Rule 1925(b) statement

or a statement of intent to withdraw under Pa.R.A.P. 1925(c)(4).2 On June

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1 Consistent with the terms of the plea agreement, the trial court imposed
concurrent sentences for each count. See N.T., Guilty Plea, 7/7/21, at 5
(noting that “the Commonwealth has agreed to run those counts concurrent
with one another.”); see also N.T., Sentencing, 10/19/21, at 15 (“The
agreement that the Commonwealth entered with [Appellant] was that the
Commonwealth would agree that those charges – or to request that those
charges be run concurrently with one another.”).
2 Rule 1925(c)(4) provides:

       In a criminal case, counsel may file of record and serve on the
       judge a statement of intent to file an [Anders] brief in lieu of filing
       a Statement. If, upon review of the [Anders] brief, the appellate
       court believes that there are arguably meritorious issues for
       review, those issues will not be waived; instead, the appellate
       court may remand for the filing of a Statement, a supplemental
(Footnote Continued Next Page)

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14, 2023, Appellant’s counsel filed a notice of intent to file Anders/Santiago

brief pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(c)(4).          The court then filed a Pa.R.A.P.

1925(a) opinion.

       When presented with an Anders brief, this Court may not review the

merits of the underlying issues without first examining counsel’s petition to

withdraw.     Commonwealth v. Goodwin, 928 A.2d 287, 290 (Pa. Super.

2007) (en banc).        It is well-established that, in requesting a withdrawal,

counsel must satisfy the following procedural requirements: 1) petition the

court for leave to withdraw stating that, after making a conscientious

examination of the record, counsel has determined that the appeal would be

frivolous; 2) provide a copy of the brief to the defendant; and 3) advise the

defendant that he or she has the right to retain private counsel, proceed pro

se or raise additional arguments that the defendant considers worthy of the

court’s addition. Commonwealth v. Lilley, 978 A.2d 995, 997 (Pa. Super.

2009).

       Instantly, counsel’s application to withdraw from representation

provides that counsel reviewed the record and concluded that the appeal is

frivolous.    Furthermore, counsel notified Appellant that he was seeking

permission to withdraw and provided Appellant with copies of the petition to

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       opinion pursuant to Rule 1925(a), or both. Upon remand, the trial
       court may, but is not required to, replace appellant’s counsel.

Pa.R.A.P. 1925(c)(4).

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withdraw and his Anders brief. Counsel also advised Appellant of his right to

retain new counsel, proceed pro se, or raise any additional points he deems

worthy of this Court’s attention. Accordingly, we conclude that counsel has

satisfied the procedural requirements of Anders.

      We next must determine whether counsel’s Anders brief complies with

the substantive requirements of Santiago, wherein our Supreme Court held:

      [I]n the Anders brief that accompanies court-appointed counsel’s
      petition to withdraw, counsel must: (1) provide a summary of the
      procedural history and facts, with citations to the record; (2) refer
      to anything in the record that counsel believes arguably supports
      the appeal; (3) set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is
      frivolous; and (4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the
      appeal is frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of
      record, controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that have
      led to the conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.

Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361. Here, our review of counsel’s brief indicates that

he has complied with the briefing requirements of Santiago. We, therefore,

conclude   that   counsel   has   satisfied   the   minimum    requirements   of

Anders/Santiago.

      Once counsel has met his obligations, “it then becomes the responsibility

of the reviewing court to make a full examination of the proceedings and make

an independent judgment to decide whether the appeal is in fact wholly

frivolous.” Santiago, 978 A.2d at 355 n.5.; see Commonwealth v. Yorgey,

188 A.3d 1190, 1195 (Pa. Super. 2018) (en banc) (noting this Court’s

responsibility to conduct “a full examination of all the proceedings, to decide

whether the case is wholly frivolous.”) (quotation omitted).

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       We now turn to the merits of Appellant’s appeal, wherein he challenges

the validity of his guilty plea.       This issue, however, is waived. Appellant did

not object to the guilty plea during the plea colloquy or file any post-sentence

motions seeking to withdraw his guilty plea.                   See Commonwealth v.

Lincoln, 72 A.3d 606, 610-11 (Pa. Super. 2013) (holding defendant failed to

preserve challenge to validity of guilty plea where he did not object during

plea colloquy or file post-sentence motion to withdraw plea), appeal denied,

87 A.3d 319 (Pa. 2014); Commonwealth v. D’Collanfield, 805 A.2d 1244,

1246 (Pa. Super. 2002) (noting that the appellant’s claim challenging the

validity of guilty plea was waived because the appellant neither objected

during colloquy nor challenged it in a post-sentence motion); see also

Pa.R.Crim.P.       720(A)(1),     (B)(1)(a)(i)      (stating    post-sentence    motion

challenging validity of plea of guilty or nolo contendere shall be filed no later

than 10 days after imposition of sentence). Accordingly, Appellant is not

entitled to relief.3

       Even if this issue were not waived, Appellant still would not obtain relief.

To   be   valid,    a   plea    must    be     voluntary,   knowing,   and   intelligent.

Commonwealth v. Persinger, 615 A.2d 1305, 1307 (Pa. 1992). To ensure
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3 Separately, to the extent there is any suggestion that the trial court abused

its sentencing discretion, we disagree. Possession of child pornography under
Section 6312(d) is graded as a felony of the second degree. 18 Pa.C.S.A. §
6312(d.1). The statutory maximum sentence for a felony of the second
degree is 10 years’ imprisonment. 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 1103(2). The parties agree
that a standard range sentence would be 22 to 36 months’ imprisonment. The
trial court, here, sentenced Appellant to a minimum of 36 months’ (3 years)
and a maximum of 120 months’ (10 years) imprisonment.

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these requirements are met, Rule 590 of the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal

Procedure requires that a trial court conduct a separate inquiry of the

defendant before accepting a guilty plea. It first requires that a guilty plea be

offered in open court.        The rule then provides a procedure to determine

whether the plea is voluntarily, knowingly, and intelligently entered. As the

Comment to Rule 590 provides, at a minimum, the trial court should ask

questions to elicit the following information:

       (1) Does the defendant understand the nature of the charges to
       which he or she is pleading guilty or nolo contendere?

       (2) Is there a factual basis for the plea?

       (3) Does the defendant understand that he or she has the right to
       trial by jury?

       (4) Does the defendant understand that he or she is presumed
       innocent until found guilty?

       (5) Is the defendant aware of the permissible range or sentences
       and/or fines for the offenses charged?

       (6) Is the defendant aware that the judge is not bound by the
       terms of any plea agreement tendered unless the judge accepts
       such agreement?

Pa.R.Crim.P. 590, Comment.4           In Commonwealth. v. Yeomans, 24 A.3d

1044 (Pa. Super. 2011), this Court explained:

       In order for a guilty plea to be constitutionally valid, the guilty
       plea colloquy must affirmatively show that the defendant
       understood what the plea connoted and its consequences. This
       determination is to be made by examining the totality of the
       circumstances surrounding the entry of the plea. Thus, even
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4The Comment also includes a seventh question, which is applicable only
when a defendant pleads guilty to murder generally.

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      though there is an omission or defect in the guilty plea colloquy,
      a plea of guilty will not be deemed invalid if the circumstances
      surrounding the entry of the plea disclose that the defendant had
      a full understanding of the nature and consequences of his plea
      and that he knowingly and voluntarily decided to enter the plea.

Yeomans, 24 A.3d at 1047 (Pa. Super. 2011) (citation omitted).

      The longstanding rule of Pennsylvania law is that a defendant may
      not challenge his guilty plea by asserting that he lied while under
      oath, even if he avers that counsel induced the lies. A person who
      elects to plead guilty is bound by the statements he makes in open
      court while under oath and may not later assert grounds for
      withdrawing the plea which contradict the statements he made at
      his plea colloquy. . . . [A] defendant who elects to plead guilty
      has a duty to answer questions truthfully.

Id.   “The law does not require that [the defendant] be pleased with the

outcome of his decision to enter a plea of guilty: All that is required is that

[his] decision to plead guilty be knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently made.”

Commonwealth v. Yager, 685 A.2d 1000, 1004 (Pa. Super. 1996) (en banc)

(citations and internal quotation marks omitted).

      Here, our review of the written and oral colloquies reveals that

Appellant’s guilty plea was valid, i.e., entered knowingly, voluntarily and

intelligently. At the time of the colloquy, Appellant was 56 years old, had

completed high school, and served in law enforcement. He affirmed that he

was able to read, write and understand English. Appellant agreed with the

factual basis proffered by the Commonwealth to bring the underlying charges.

N.T., Guilty Plea, 7/7/21, at 9-10 (Appellant “was in possession of four images

that depicted children under the age of 18 years in a state of nudity and/or

engaging in sexual activity which depicted indecent contact.”).        Appellant

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agreed he could face a maximum prison term of 10 years and a maximum fine

of $25,000.   Appellant further agreed that by pleading guilty he also was

giving up his pretrial rights. Appellant also agreed that he understood the

consequences of relinquishing his right to a trial by a judge or a jury and that

at trial he would be presumed innocent until proven guilty by the

Commonwealth beyond a reasonable doubt. Moreover, Appellant agreed that

by pleading guilty he would be giving up his right to trial and accepting limited

appeal rights following imposition of sentence.       He affirmed that he was

pleading guilty on his own volition and that he understood the terms and

consequences of doing so. Appellant further stated that no one promised or

threatened him to plead guilty. Appellant agreed that he has had sufficient

time to discuss the terms of the plea with his counsel and that he was satisfied

by his counsel’s representation in this case. Thus, based upon our review of

the record, Appellant’s claim that his guilty plea was involuntary, unintelligent,

or unknowing lacks merit and is belied by his written and oral colloquies.

      Finally, after reviewing the issue contained in the Anders brief, we

agree with counsel that the instant appeal is wholly frivolous. Furthermore,

“after conducting a full examination of all the proceedings as required

pursuant to Anders, we discern no non-frivolous issues to be raised on

appeal.”   Yorgey, 188 A.3d at 1195.           We, therefore, grant counsel’s

application to withdraw and affirm the judgment of sentence.

      Judgment of sentence affirmed. Application to withdraw granted.

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Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 7/27/2023

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