Court Opinion

ID: 3045915
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-13 23:17:41.782405+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:05:58.102884
License: Public Domain

United States Court of Appeals
                            FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
                                    ___________

                                    No. 08-1551
                                    ___________

United States of America,                *
                                         *
             Appellee,                   *
                                         * Appeal from the United States
      v.                                 * District Court for the
                                         * Eastern District of Missouri.
Anjuan Mosby,                            *
                                         * [UNPUBLISHED]
             Appellant.                  *
                                    ___________

                              Submitted: December 8, 2008
                                 Filed: January 9, 2009
                                  ___________

Before MELLOY and BENTON, Circuit Judges, and DOTY,1 District Judge.
                           ___________

PER CURIAM.

       Anjuan Quinell Mosby pled guilty to one count of Felon in Possession of a
Firearm, 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1). The district court imposed a 180-month sentence
after applying the Armed Career Criminal enhancement, 18 U.S.C. § 924(e). Mosby
had two prior convictions for first degree auto tampering, Mo. Rev. Stat. §
569.080.1(2), and three convictions for auto theft, Mo. Rev. Stat. § 570.030. He
argues on appeal that his prior convictions for auto tampering and theft are not violent
felonies qualifying him as an armed career criminal. Jurisdiction being proper under

      1
         The Honorable David S. Doty, United States Senior District Judge for the
District of Minnesota.
28 U.S.C. § 1291 and 18 U.S.C. § 3742, this court reverses and remands for
resentencing.

       The Missouri crime of tampering does not qualify as a “crime of violence” for
purposes of U.S. Sentencing Guideline § 2K2.1(a)(2), United States v. Williams, 537
F.3d 969, 974-75 (8th Cir. 2008), a term synonymous with the term “violent felony”
for purposes of the Armed Career Criminal Act. See United States v. Johnson, 417
F.3d 990, 996 (8th Cir. 2007) (“The statutory definition of ‘violent felony’ is viewed
as interchangeable with the guidelines definition of ‘crime of violence.’”).

       The Williams case also held that, of the three distinct offenses (auto theft
without consent, auto theft by deceit, and auto theft by coercion) in § 570.030, only
auto theft by coercion is a crime of violence. 537 F.3d at 974-75. Therefore, Mosby’s
prior convictions for auto theft are violent felonies only if committed by coercion.

       In determining whether Mosby committed auto theft by coercion, this court is
restricted to examining a “limited universe of judicial documents.” See United States
v. Reliford, 471 F.3d 913, 916 (8th Cir. 2006) (when offense is eligible for “violent
felony” classification but state criminal statute is over-inclusive – that is, elements of
offense also encompass conduct that does not constitute “violent felony” – the court
must consider facts underlying conviction by examining a limited universe of judicial
documents), cert. denied, 127 S. Ct. 2248 (2007); see also Shepard v. United States,
544 U.S. 13, 26 (2005) (inquiry is limited to terms of charging document, terms of
plea agreement or transcript of colloquy, or some comparable judicial record of this
information).

      Because this court cannot determine from the present record whether Mosby
committed auto theft by coercion, we vacate his sentence and remand the case for
resentencing. See Williams, 537 F.3d at 973 (instructing the district court, after
considering permissible materials, to determine which auto theft offense defendant
committed).
                        ______________________________

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