Court Opinion

ID: 9959005
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-04-10 16:05:45.351539+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:18:22.957476
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

                                     No. 23-0766
                                 Filed April 10, 2024

STATE OF IOWA,
     Plaintiff-Appellee,

vs.

KANG CHUOL CHOTKUAC,
     Defendant-Appellant.
________________________________________________________________

         Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Story County, Steven P. Van Marel,

Judge.

         Kang Chotkuac appeals his conviction for extortion. AFFIRMED.

         Martha J. Lucey, State Appellate Defender, and Nan Jennisch, Assistant

Appellate Defender, for appellant.

         Brenna Bird, Attorney General, and Martha E. Trout, Assistant Attorney

General, for appellee.

         Considered by Bower, C.J., and Greer and Chicchelly, JJ.
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BOWER, Chief Judge.

       Kang Chotkuac appeals his conviction for extortion, challenging the

sufficiency of the evidence supporting the conviction. Upon our review, we affirm.

I.     Background Facts and Proceedings

       On December 29, 2022, general manager Kaitlin Martin of Sweet Caroline’s

in Ames answered a phone call from someone claiming to be a former employee.

The person identified themselves as Chotkuac and claimed he had been “shorted”

on his paycheck. Martin later discovered Chotkuac had been previously employed

by Sweet Caroline’s for a short time beginning in April 2022. She then asked him

to provide the dates of the pay period to verify the business records. At some point

during the call Chotkuac stated “he was going to sue but instead wanted $100,000

cash or he was going to come down to the restaurant and shoot and kill someone.”

Martin replied, “excuse me?” to which Chotkuac stated “you heard me.” Upon

hearing this, Martin immediately hung up the phone, wrote down the phone

number, and contacted police.

       Ames police officer Daniel Ramirez Villa responded to Sweet Caroline’s to

investigate. While there, he was informed Chotkuac was in the area. Officer

Ramirez Villa proceeded to a recreational facility a few blocks away. Upon arrival,

he learned Chotkuac had run through the facility. Several more officers responded

to the scene and began searching the building. Officer Nicholas Schieffer located

Chotkuac in a women’s restroom in city hall.       Chotkuac was found shirtless,

standing in front of a mirror, his backpack on the ground, with his wallet and cell

phone on the countertop. He was immediately arrested, and his property was
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seized. Upon further investigation, the phone found in Chotkuac’s possession was

the phone registered to the number Martin had written down.

       Chotkuac was subsequently charged with extortion, a class “D” felony, in

violation of Iowa Code section 711.4 (2022). After a one-day jury trial, Chotkuac

was found guilty and sentenced to a term of imprisonment not to exceed five years.

II.    Standard of Review

       We review sufficiency-of-the-evidence claims for correction of errors at law.

State v. Kelso-Christy, 911 N.W.2d 663, 666 (Iowa 2018). We consider “whether,

taken in light most favorable to the State, the finding of guilt is supported by

substantial evidence in the record.” Id. (quoting State v. Meyers, 799 N.W.2d 132,

138 (Iowa 2011)). There is substantial evidence if it “would convince a rational fact

finder the defendant is guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.” Id. The evidence must

at least raise a fair inference of guilt as to each essential element of the crime.

State v. LaPointe, 418 N.W.2d 49, 51 (Iowa 1988).

III.   Analysis

       The jury was instructed the State would have to prove the following

elements of extortion:

               1. On or about the 29th day of December, 2022, the defendant
       threatened to inflict physical injury on some person or to commit any
       public offense.
               2. The defendant intended to communicate the threat towards
       Kaitlin Martin.
               3. The threat was made for the purposes of obtaining
       something of value for the defendant or another person.

       On appeal, Chotkuac argues his comments “were simply hyperbole from a

disgruntled former employee who felt, rightly or wrongly, that he had been shorted

on a paycheck.” He further states “[h]is threats were so outrageous and over-the-
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top such that they could not reasonably be taken seriously by anyone.” He points

to his condition upon arrest in which he was “shirtless and unarmed, apparently

unable to carry out his threat.”

       Chotkuac further contends “Martin initially wanted a ‘no-trespass’ order and

did not appear threatened,” noting “[s]he was not overtly traumatized or

frightened.” Chotkuac points out, “They were not familiar with each other and had

not worked together at the restaurant at the same time. Martin simply happened

to be there to take his call at that time.” Lastly, he claims “the evidence did not

establish [he] even specifically intended to communicate this threat to Martin in

particular.” (emphasis in original). The jury was instructed on specific intent as

follows:

              “Specific intent” means not only being aware of doing an act
       and doing it voluntarily, but in addition, doing it with a specific
       purpose in mind.
              Because determining the defendant’s specific intent requires
       you to decide what a person was thinking when an act was done. It
       is seldom capable of direct proof. Therefore, you should consider
       the facts and circumstances surrounding the act to determine the
       defendant’s specific intent. You may, but are not required to,
       conclude a person intends the natural results of his or her acts.

       The State, however, argues Chotkuac’s statements were for the jury to

decide and “[f]rom [Martin’s] actions in hanging up the phone and calling the police,

the jury could reasonably infer that she took the threat seriously.” Additionally, the

State points out “the court instructed the jury that it could conclude ‘a person

intends the natural consequences of his actions.’”

       Upon our review, we find there was substantial evidence for the jury to

determine Chotkuac threatened to inflict physical injury through the phone

conversation he had with Martin. We further find there was substantial evidence
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for the jury to determine Chotkuac intended to communicate the threat toward

Martin because the jury could “conclude a person intends the natural results of his

or her acts.” See State v. Finnel, 515 N.W.2d 41, 42 (Iowa 1994) (holding the

element of intent is seldom susceptible to proof by direct evidence but depends on

inferences drawn from circumstantial evidence);          State v. Howard, 404

N.W.2d 196, 198 (Iowa Ct. App. 1987) (“The fact finder may determine intent by

such reasonable inferences and deductions as may be drawn from facts proved

by evidence in accordance with common experience and observation.”). Lastly,

there was substantial evidence for the jury to determine the threat was made for

the purpose of obtaining something of value through the fact Chotkuac indicated

he was calling believing he had been shorted on a paycheck. For those reasons,

we affirm.

      AFFIRMED.