Court Opinion

ID: 9472136
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-05 03:50:55.1012+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:42:46.178987
License: Public Domain

McKAY, Circuit Judge,
concurring:
While I concur in the court’s opinion, I write this statement to emphasize that the peculiar facts distinguish it from similar cases which required a different result.
Even though the show of force was substantial in order to stop the moving vehicle in this case, there was an abundance of evidence to support an “articulable suspicion” that a crime had been committed. Florida v. Royer, 460 U.S. 491, 103 S.Ct. 1319, 75 L.Ed.2d 229 (1983). The initial stop was thus legally justified. Thereafter events moved very quickly. While not free from all doubt, there was sufficient evidence to justify the trial court’s findings that what transpired after the stop was consensual up to and including the point at which the police clearly had probable cause to make an arrest.
Of course, each case must be judged on its own facts in determining whether a justified Terry-type stop, see Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 88 S.Ct. 1868, 20 L.Ed.2d *1367889 (1968), converted it into a detention exceeding permissible bounds which would vitiate subsequent consent to continued investigation. After careful review, I am persuaded that the trial court had sufficient evidence to conclude that such boundary was not passed in this case. On its facts, I believe this case is distinguishable from such cases as Royer and United States v. McCranie, 703 F.2d 1213, 1218 (10th Cir.1983) (McKay, dissenting).