Court Opinion

ID: 1040938
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-09-16 21:18:12.432128+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:38:37.552230
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

JOEL JOHNSON, a single person,                No. 68029-3-1

                      Appellant,              DIVISION ONE

               v.

SAFECO INSURANCE COMPANY OF
AMERICA, an insurance company;
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MOUNT VERNON FIRE INSURANCE                                                                   '~K'^
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COMPANY, an insurance company,                UNPUBLISHED OPINION
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TAYLOR, BEAN & WHITAKER                                                              S?
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MORTGAGE CORP., a Washington                                                          0
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corporation,

                       Defendant.             FILED: September 16, 2013

      Schindler, J. — Joel Johnson appeals summary judgment dismissal of his

claims against Safeco Insurance Co. and the order granting the CR 50 motion to

dismiss his bad faith claim and claims against Mount Vernon Fire Insurance Co. under

the Consumer Protection Act (CPA), chapter 19.86 RCW. We affirm.

                                       FACTS

      The material facts are not in dispute. Joel Johnson owned a house in Edmonds

located at 5703 145th Street Southwest and had a "Quality-Plus Homeowners Policy"

with Safeco Insurance Co. On July 22, 2008, Johnson refinanced the Edmonds house
No. 68029-3-1/2

with Taylor Bean &Whitaker Mortgage Corp. (TBW). TBW assumed responsibility for

paying the insurance premium from the escrow account.

        Johnson also owns rental property located at 9036-38 4th Avenue Southwest in

Seattle. The rental property is a duplex with an upstairs unit of approximately 2,500

square feet and a small basement apartment of approximately 1,000 square feet. The

mortgage payments for the rental property were $1,800 a month.

        On September 28, 2008, Safeco sent TBW and Johnson a renewal notice for the

upcoming 12-month policy period of November 17, 2008 to November 17, 2009. In

October, TBW sent Safeco a check for the premium amount due to renew the policy.

But TBW stopped payment on the check and did not reissue another check to pay for

the premium.

        On December 2, Safeco sent Johnson an expiration notice. The notice states

that Safeco had not received the renewal premium from the mortgage company. The

notice gave Johnson until January 5, 2009 to send Safeco the premium to "keep your

policy in effect." Neither Johnson nor TBW paid the premium to renew the

homeowners' insurance policy.

        On January 11, 2009, Safeco sent a notice of cancellation to TBW stating that

the mortgage company's interest in the policy would be cancelled on February 5. At

some point after receipt of the notice of cancellation from Safeco, TBW obtained a

"lender placed" homeowners' insurance policy for Johnson's house with Mount Vernon

Fire Insurance Co. The policy was effective from November 17, 2008 to November 17,

2009.

        On January 25, 2009, the chimney in Johnson's house caught fire. The fire
No. 68029-3-1/3

destroyed the house and personal property. Johnson moved into his rental property in

Seattle.

       When Johnson contacted Safeco, Safeco told him the policy expired because the

premium was not paid. TBW informed Johnson that the Mount Vernon policy would

cover the fire-related structure repairs, damaged personal property, and additional living

expenses (ALE).

       Johnson submitted a claim to Mount Vernon. Mount Vernon assigned Maureen

Connor to process the claim. Mount Vernon also retained an independent local

adjuster, Tony Brown. Brown inspected the property on February 6. On February 23,

Brown submitted an estimate for the structural repairs of $133,041.30, plus an

allowance for personal property. On February 25, Mount Vernon authorized payment

for the full cost of repair. But after discovering the Safeco policywas in effect as to

TBW, Mount Vernon cancelled payment. On April 27, Mount Vernon filed a claim with

Safeco.

       In early May, Johnson told Brown that he was living in his rental property and the

rent was $1,800 a month. Johnson said that he moved into his unoccupied rental "to

mitigate his exposure (ALE)."

       On May 27, Connor informed Johnson that Mount Vernon needed documentation

to support his ALE claim for $1,800 a month in rent. Johnson then sent a letter to

Connor stating that "[t]he cost of the house I'm living in is $1,800 per month." In

response, Connor told Johnson that "Mt. Vernon needed actual substantive

documentation to support his claim."

       Connor's supervisor James Ziff concluded that there was no coverage to
No. 68029-3-1/4

reimburse Johnson for lost rent. But when Ziff spoke to Johnson on May 29, Ziff agreed

to pay five months of ALE at $1,250 per month. Ziff also agreed to a $5,000 advance

for reimbursement of the personal property loss. In August, Johnson contacted Brown

to request additional ALE. On September 21, Ziff told Johnson that he had 30 days to

provide documentation to support his ALE claim or Mount Vernon would close the claim.

       Safeco concluded that TBW was entitled to coverage for the structural damage to

Johnson's house. In June, Safeco entered into an agreement with Mount Vernon to pay

51 percent of the structural repair costs. On June 20, Safeco paid its share of its

estimate of the actual cash value of the structure.

       Mount Vernon asked an independent adjuster to review Safeco's estimate of the

structural repair costs. In October, Mount Vernon paid its share of the structure repair

cost based on its own estimate.1 Mount Vernon then closed the claim because Johnson

did not submit an inventory of personal property or any documentation to support his

ALE claim.

       On November 25, an attorney representing Johnson sent a letter to Mount

Vernon demanding payment of $18,000 for ALE. The attorney provided MountVernon

with a lease agreement between Johnson and his previous renters Pete and Evon Little.

According to the terms of the lease, the Littles rented the upstairs of the duplex from

May 15, 2008 to November 15, 2008 for $1,800 a month. Mount Vernon denied ALE

coverage on the grounds that the policy did not cover lost rent.

       On December 18, Johnson notified Mount Vernon that he planned to file a claim

under the Insurance Fair Conduct Act, chapter 48.30 RCW, for unreasonable denial or

       1On February 9, 2011, Mount Vernon issued its final payment for the cost of the repairs in the
amount of $33,949.40.
No. 68029-3-1/5

delay for ALE payments. Mount Vernon agreed to pay Johnson an additional $1,250 a

month for the previous six months.

       On May 24, 2010, Johnson filed a lawsuit against Safeco, Mount Vernon, and

TBW. Johnson alleged Safeco breached the terms of the insurance policy by failing to

provide proper notice to Johnson before cancellation, and refusing to pay him for the

structural costs of repair, personal property damage, and ALE. Johnson alleged TBW

had a contractual duty "to properly and timely make his insurance payments to avoid

any cancellation of his insurance policy" with Safeco. Johnson alleged Mount Vernon

breached its contractual duty to pay for the cost of structural repairs, personal property

damage, and living expenses. Johnson alleged Mount Vernon also failed "to conduct a

reasonable investigation of the fire loss, and fail[ed] to provide for the timely repair

and/or rebuilt of his dwelling to its original pre-loss condition with like, kind, and quality

materials and professional workmanship."

       Johnson also alleged that Safeco and Mount Vernon violated the insurance

regulatory provisions of the Washington Administrative Code (WAC); violated the

Consumer Protection Act (CPA), chapter 19.86 RCW, and the Insurance Fair Conduct

Act, chapter 48.30 RCW; and breached the duty of good faith and fair dealing. After

TBW filed for bankruptcy, Johnson voluntarily dismissed TBW without prejudice.

       Safeco filed a motion for summary judgment arguing that because Johnson did

not pay the premium, the homeowners' policy expired before the fire on January 25,

2009. The court granted the motion for summary judgment. The court ruled, in

pertinent part:

       The relevant law here that has to do with renewal of a policy or a
       cancellation. Either way, Safeco's properly met its obligations here. The
No. 68029-3-1/6

       notices were sent. Mr. Johnson didn't renew the policy.
               I recognize that it may have been the responsibility of [TBW] to do
       that, but nevertheless, it's not Safeco's fault that the policy wasn't renewed
       and therefore, Safeco doesn't have any liability here.

       The trial on the claims against Mount Vernon was scheduled to begin on October

3, 2011. On August 18, Johnson filed a motion for summary judgment on the breach of

contract claim for ALE. Johnson argued that he was entitled to lost rental income of

$1,800 a month.

       On August 31, Mount Vernon took Johnson's deposition. Johnson testified that

Dean Little signed the lease on May 15, 2008 and the Littles rented the upstairs portion

of the duplex for $1,800 a month from May 2008 to December 2008. But Johnson later

admitted that he had forged the lease and asserted the lease reflected the oral

agreement he had with the Littles. Mount Vernon filed an amended answer asserting

misrepresentation and fraud as an affirmative defense.

       Mount Vernon filed a motion for entry of a judgment as a matter of law to dismiss.

In support, Mount Vernon filed the affidavit of Dean Little. Little states that he and his

spouse rented the basement apartment of Johnson's duplex from May 2008 to March

2009 for $750 a month, and they did not sign a lease.

       On the first day of the scheduled trial, the court granted the CR 50 motion for

judgment as a matter of law. The court ruled that "following plaintiff's factual

admissions, no legally sufficient basis exists for a jury to find for the plaintiff on his

contractual, extra-contractual or CPA claim." The order sets forth in detail the

undisputed facts establishing Johnson intentionally misrepresented the terms of the

rental agreement that was submitted to obtain ALE. The undisputed findings state, in
No. 68029-3-1/7

pertinent part:

             2.      Mt. Vernon's insurance policy issued to plaintiff contains a
       clause stating that it provides coverage to no "insureds" if the insured has
       committed fraud, concealment or misrepresentation of any material fact
       related to the insurance. (Homeowners 3, condition Q). . . .
              3.     In May 2009, plaintiff submitted a letter to Mt. Vernon
       requesting that he be paid $1,800 per month in additional living expenses
       ("ALE").
              4.     In November 2009, plaintiff submitted a document entitled
       "Rental Agreement" to Mount Vernon as evidence in support of his claim
       for $1,800 per month in ALE under Mount Vernon's policy.
              5.     The Rental Agreement states that plaintiff rented a residence
       to Pete and Evon Little, for a period of six months, beginning May 15,
       2008, at a rate of $1,800 per month; the Rental Agreement purports to
       contain the signatures of plaintiff and Pete Little.
              6.     In January 2010, Mt Vernon paid plaintiff additional ALE after
       this Rental Agreement was submitted to it. Plaintiff subsequently filed suit
       against Mt. Vernon for further ALE and under various theories of extra-
       contractual liability.
              7.      Plaintiff testified under oath at his deposition that (a) the
       Rental Agreement was a genuine written agreement between him and
       Pete and Evon Little, (b) it related to the upper, larger portion of a duplex,
       specifically, 9036 4th Avenue Southwest, in Seattle, (c) it was signed by
       Pete Little on May 15, 2008, and (d) that the terms and conditions recited
       therein were the actual terms and conditions of the agreement he had with
       Pete and Evon Little.
             8.     Whether plaintiff is entitled to ALE in addition to that which
       was paid prior to litigation has been at issue in this case since the
       beginning.
              9.       The Rental Agreement is a blank legal form which was filled
       in by plaintiff. The legal form in question did not exist on its purported May
       15, 2008 date of execution as one of the pages of the Rental Agreement
       was not available for sale to the public until 2009. The Rental Agreement
       cannot be a genuine agreement between plaintiff and Pete and Evon
       Little.
                  10.   After being confronted with this evidence, plaintiff conceded
       that he had fabricated the document. However, he asserted that
       irrespective of the fabrication, he actually had an oral lease with Pete and
       Evon Little for the terms and conditions set forth in the Rental Agreement.
       Specifically, he contended that he had rented the upper part of the duplex,
       9036 4th Avenue Southwest, Seattle, to Pete arid Evon Little from May 15,
       2008 to some time in December, 2008 for the amount of $1,800 per
       month.
             11.   On September 30, 2011, plaintiffs counsel notified Mt.
       Vernon's counsel that plaintiff had discovered a box containing the true
No. 68029-3-1/8

       names of his renters, which was evidence that they rented from plaintiff.
       Plaintiffs counsel revealed to Mt. Vernon's counsel, however, that the true
       names of the renters were Dean Little and Yvonne Mokihana Calizar. On
       October 2, 2011, Mt. Vernon's counsel was able to locate Mr. Little and
       Ms. Calizar.
                 12.    Dean Little is also known as Pete Little. Mr. Little testified in
       an affidavit that he and his wife did rent property from plaintiff, but (a) they
       rented the downstairs apartment at 9038 4th Avenue Southwest, Seattle,
       and not the upstairs with the address 9036 4th Avenue Southwest,
       Seattle; (b) they paid plaintiff $750 per month, not $1,800 per month; (c)
       they never signed a rental agreement; (d) they lived in the basement
       apartment from May of 2008 to March of 2009.
              13.     Plaintiff has not disputed any of the foregoing evidence, and
       in pleadings filed with the Court, plaintiffs counsel concedes the foregoing
       evidence.

       The court concluded there was no genuine issue of fact for trial, and under the

"controlling case law authority, Mutual of Enumclaw Ins. Co. v. Cox, 110 Wn.2d 643[,

757 P.2d 499] (1988) and Onvon v. Truck Ins. Exch., 859 F.Supp. 1338 (W.D. Wash.

1994); [and] Kim v. AllstateF Ins. Co.. 153 Wn. App. 339, 223 P.3d 1180 (2009)],"

               (1) an insured who makes a material misrepresentation of fact
       relating to his claim under a policy of insurance that contains a clause
       voiding specific coverage entirely for the insured's fraud or
       misrepresentation, is precluded from recovery on that coverage insurance
       policy;
               (2) an insured who makes a material misrepresentation of fact
        relating to his insurance claim is precluded from maintaining tort causes of
       action such as bad faith and violation of the Consumer Protection Act.

       The court dismissed Johnson's complaint against Mount Vernon with prejudice

because he "intentionally misrepresented material facts concerning his insurance claim

with Mt. Vernon. [Johnson] is precluded from making any recovery from Mount Vernon

by established law."2

        2The court granted Mount Vernon's motion for sanctions under CR 11 and ordered Johnson to
pay $22,500 in attorney fees and costs.

                                                 8
No. 68029-3-1/9

                                       ANALYSIS

Summary Judgment Dismissal of Claims Against Safeco

      Johnson contends the court erred in dismissing his claims against Safeco for

breach of the insurance contract, bad faith, and violation of the CPA.

      When review summary judgment de novo. Wilson v. Steinbach, 98 Wn.2d 434,

437,656 P.2d 1030(1982). Summary judgment is appropriate

      if the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions
      on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine
      issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a
      judgment as a matter of law.

CR 56(c): White v. State. 131 Wn.2d 1, 9, 929 P.2d 396 (1997).

      The interpretation of an insurance contract is a question of law that we also

review de novo. Bushnell v. Medico Ins. Co.. 159 Wn. App. 874, 881, 246 P.3d 856

(2011). We construe insurance policies in the same manner as contracts.

Weyerhaeuser Co. v. Commercial Union Ins. Co.. 142 Wn.2d 654, 665-66, 15 P.3d 115

(2000). In determining the legal effect of a contract, "a court must construe the entire

contract together so as to give force and effect to each clause." Pub. Util. Dist. No. 1 of

Klickitat County v. Int'l Ins. Co.. 124 Wn.2d 789, 797, 881 P.2d 1020 (1994); Quadrant

Corp. v.Am. States Ins. Co., 154Wn.2d 165, 171, 110 P.3d 733 (2005) (principles of

contract interpretation apply to insurance policies). If the language in an insurance

contract is unambiguous, the court must enforce it as written and may not modify the

contract or create an ambiguity where none exists. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co. v.

Ruiz. 134 Wn.2d 713, 721, 952 P.2d 157 (1998).

       Johnson contends the insurance policy for the 12-month period beginning

November 17, 2008 became effective when Safeco sent him a copy of the renewal
No. 68029-3-1/10

policy on September 28, 2008. Butthe renewal notice and express terms of the policy

require payment of the premium in order to renew the policy. The September 28

renewal notice states:

      [l]t is now time to renew your Quality-Plus Homeowners policy. . . . Your
      new policy period begins November 17, 2008. The 12-month premium for
      this policy is $630.00 for the November 17, 2008 to November 17, 2009
      policy term. . . . We have sent a bill for this amount to your mortgage
      servicing company.

      The Safeco homeowners' insurance policy only applies to a loss that occurs

during the policy period, and the policy may be renewed "for successive policy periods if

the required premium is paid." The policy provides, in pertinent part:

            SECTION I AND II — PROPERTY AND LIABILITY CONDITIONS
       1.    Policy Period and Changes.
             a.     The effective time of this policy is 12:01 A.M. at the
                    residence premises. This policy applies only to loss under
                    Section I, or bodily injury or property damage under Section
                    II, which occurs during the policy period. This policy may be
                    renewed for successive policy periods if the required
                    premium is paid and accepted by us on or before the
                    expiration of the current policy period. The premium will be
                    computed at our then current rate for coverage then offered.
             b.     Changes:
                    (1)     Before the end of any policy period, we may offer to
                            change the coverage provided in this policy. Payment
                            of the premium billed by us for the next policy period
                            will be your acceptance of our offer.
                    (2)     This policy contains all agreements between you and
                            us. Its terms may not be changed or waived except
                            by endorsement issued by us.

      The policy also provided that Safeco would pay claims and provide coverage

only if the premiums were paid when due:

                                INSURING AGREEMENT
      In reliance on the information you have given us, we will pay claims and
      provide coverage as described in this policy if you pay the premiums when
      due and comply with all the applicable provisions outlined in this policy.

                                            10
No. 68029-3-1/11

The plain and unambiguous language of the policy requires payment of the premium in

order to renew the policy.

        Further, the cases Johnson cites do not support the argument that the Safeco

policy automatically renewed when Safeco sent him a copy of the policy. In Frve v.

Prudential Insurance Co. of America. 157 Wash. 88, 95, 288 P. 262 (1930), the court

addressed whether an insurance company was estopped from claiming the policy had

expired for late payment when the insurer has a pattern of allowing the insured to make

late payments. See also McGreevv v. Or. Mut. Ins. Co.. 74 Wn. App. 858, 867, 876

P.2d 463 (1994) (amendments to insurance policy not effective where insured had no

notice of the changes); Webster v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.. 54 Wn. App. 492,

496, 774 P.2d 50 (1989) (no dispute that policy had been issued).

        In the alternative, Johnson claims that mailing the renewal policy to him was an

offer followed by acceptance when TBW sent payment of the premium to Safeco.

Acceptance of an offer must be identical to the offer or no contract is formed. Sea-Van

Invs. Assocs. v. Hamilton. 125 Wn.2d 120, 126, 881 P.2d 1035 (1994). The plain

language of the policy required payment of the premium. Because there is no dispute

TBW stopped payment and Johnson never paid the premium, the homeowners' policy

was not renewed or in effect at the time of the fire.3

        Johnson also contends Safeco did not comply with either the policy or the

statutory notice requirements. Safeco asserts that because Johnson did not pay the

premium to renew the policy, it did not have an obligation to send a cancellation notice.

        3"[l]n the absence of a restrictive statutory provision, the insurer and insured have the right to
specify in their insurance contract the method by which it can be terminated." Taxter v. Safeco Ins. Co. of
Am,, 44 Wn. App. 121, 127,721 P.2d 972 (1986).

                                                     11
No. 68029-3-1/12

But Safeco also asserts the December 2, 2008 notice of expiration complied with the

requirement to provide notice of cancellation. We agree with Safeco.

        In Safeco Insurance Co. v. Irish, 37 Wn. App. 554, 681 P.2d 1294 (1984), we

held that the cancellation provisions of an insurance policy did not apply to the failure to

pay a renewal premium.

                Unfortunately, the issue before us was brought about in great
        measure because of the form chosen by Safeco to notify Irish that he had
        an extended period of time in which to reinstate coverage under his lapsed
        policy. Although denominated a "cancellation" notice, it was, in fact,
        merely a reminder that (1) Irish had not accepted Safeco's offer to renew,
        (2) his policy had lapsed, and (3) he was being given an opportunity to
        reinstate.
                The term "cancellation" refers to a unilateral act of the insurer
        terminating coverage during the policy term. . . . Neither RCW 48.18.291,
        relied upon by Irish, nor his policy provisions governing cancellation apply
        to a situation where the insured fails to pay a premium as a condition to
        renewal. . . . Thus, the general rule is that failure of an insured to pay a
        renewal premium by the due date results in a lapse of coverage as of the
        last day of the policy period.

Irish, 37 Wn. App. at 557-58.

        Here, as in Irish. Safeco did not cancel the policy during the policy period.

Safeco sent a notice offering to renew the policy upon payment ofthe premium.4
Johnson's policy coverage expired because he did not pay the renewal premium.

Safeco notified Johnson on September 28, 2008 that his policy would be renewed only

if he paid the premium by November 17, 2008. The unambiguous language in the

policy states that the policy would renew for a successive period if payment was made

on time: "This policy may be renewed for successive policy periods if the required

premium is paid and accepted by us on or before the expiration of the current policy

period."

        4Accordingly, the policy provision that requires Safeco to give 31 days notice if Safeco elects not
to renew the policy does not apply.

                                                    12
No. 68029-3-1/13

       On December 2, 2008, Safeco notified Johnson again stating that the premium

was past due and the policy had expired, but gave him until January 5, 2009 to pay the

premium and "keep your policy in effect." The "HOMEOWNERS EXPIRATION NOTICE

(for non-payment of premium)" sent to Johnson on December 2 states:

      [A]s of December 1, 2008, we have not yet received your renewal
      premium of $630.00 from your mortgage company. This payment was
      due on November 17, 2008. Your Homeowners policy expired at 12:01
      a.m. standard time on November 17, 2008.
             Fortunately, we can continue your policy, with no lapse in coverage,
      ifyou send your payment to us postmarked no later than January 5, 2009.
      We urge you to contact your mortgage company to ensure that payment is
      sent in time to keep your policy in effect.

The December 2, 2008 notice complied with the requirements under the policy to

provide notice "at least 20 days before the date cancellation takes effect"5 and the 10-

day notice required by RCW 48.18.290(1 )(c).

      The policy states, "When you have not paid the premium we may cancel at any

time by notifying you at least 20 days before the date cancellation takes effect." RCW

48.18.290(1)(c) requires an insurer cancelling a policy for nonpayment of premium to

      5The policy states, in pertinent part:
      Cancellation.

              (1)      When you have not paid the premium we may cancel at any time by
                       notifying you at least 20 days before the date cancellation takes effect.

      Non-Renewal. We may elect not to renew this policy. We may do so by delivering to
      you, or mailing to you at your mailing address shown in the Declarations, written notice at
      least 31 days before the expiration date of this policy. Proof of mailing shall be sufficient
      proof of notice.

                                                   13
No. 68029-3-1/14

send notice at least 10 days before the effective cancellation date.6

      Johnson claims he did not receive the December 2 notice. The unrebutted

evidence establishes Safeco mailed the December 2 notice to Johnson. Under the

policy and RCW 48.18.293(2), proof of mailing is proof of notice. See also Trinity

Universal Ins. Co. v. Willrich. 13 Wn.2d 263, 273, 124 P.2d 950 (1942) (holding policy

provision providing that mailing of notices was proof of notice is enforceable); Sowa v.

Nat'l Indem. Co., 102 Wn.2d 571, 580, 688 P.2d 865 (1984) (insurer had to prove policy

endorsements were sent, not that they were received); Kaiser Aluminum & Chem. Corp.

v. Dep't of Labor & Indus.. 57 Wn. App. 886, 889-90, 790 P.2d 1254 (1990).

      6RCW 48.18.290 states, in pertinent part:
      (1) Cancellation by the insurer of any policy which by its terms is cancellable at the
      option of the insurer, or of any binder based on such policy which does not contain a
      clearly stated expiration date, may be effected as to any interest only upon compliance
      with the following:
                (a) For all insurance policies other than medical malpractice insurance policies
      or fire insurance policies canceled under RCW 48.53.040:
                (i) The insurer must deliver or mail written notice of cancellation to the named
      insured at least forty-five days before the effective date of the cancellation; and
                (ii) The cancellation notice must include the insurer's actual reason for canceling
       the policy.

              (c) Ifan insurer cancels a policy described under (a) or (b) of this subsection for
       nonpayment of premium, the insurer must deliver or mail the cancellation notice to the
       named insured at least ten days before the effective date of the cancellation.
              (d) If an insurer cancels a fire insurance policy under RCW 48.53.040, the
       insurer must deliver or mail the cancellation notice to the named insured at least five days
       before the effective date of the cancellation.
                (e) Like notice must also be so delivered or mailed to each mortgagee, pledgee,
       or other person shown by the policy to have an interest in any loss which may occur
       thereunder. For purposes of this subsection (1)(e), "delivered" includes electronic
       transmittal, facsimile, or personal delivery.
                (2) The mailing of any such notice shall be effected by depositing it in a sealed
       envelope, directed to the addressee at his or her last address as known to the insurer or
       as shown by the insurer's records, with proper prepaid postage affixed, in a letter
       depository of the United States post office. The insurer shall retain in its records any
       such item so mailed, together with its envelope, which was returned by the post office
       upon failure to find, or deliver the mailing to, the addressee.
               (3) The affidavit of the individual making or supervising such a mailing, shall
       constitute prima facie evidence of such facts of the mailing as are therein affirmed.

                                                        14
No. 68029-3-1/15

        Next, Johnson claims that because Safeco did not properly notify TBW, the

policy was in effect as to both TBW and himself on January 25, 2009. We disagree.

        Under the terms ofthe policy, TBW had a separate interest.7 The policy
declaration identified Johnson as the insured and TBW as the "mortgagee." The policy

specifically provides additional protection to the mortgagee that requires notification

before cancellation or renewal. The policy states, in pertinent part:

       Mortgage Clause.
       ... If mortgagee is named in this policy, any loss payable under Coverage
       A or B shall be paid to the mortgagee and you, as interests appear. . . .
       Ifwe deny your claim, that denial shall not apply to a valid claim of the
       mortgagee, if the mortgagee:
       a.      notifies us of any change in ownership, occupancy or substantial
               change in risk of which the mortgagee is aware;
       b.      pays any premium due under this policy on demand if you have
               neglected to pay the premium;

        . . . If the policy is canceled or not renewed by us, the mortgagee shall be
        notified at least 20 days before the date cancellation or nonrenewal takes
        effect.

        Consistent with the terms of the policy, on January 11, 2009, Safeco sent TBW a

notice of cancellation. The notice states:

        We are cancelling this policy for nonpayment of premium. Your interest
        in this policy is cancelled. Coverage will end at 12:01 a.m. standard time
        on February 5, 2009.[8]
        The court did not err in granting the summary judgment dismissal of the claims

against Safeco.9

        7In a statement of additional authority, Safeco also cites Wisniewski v. State Farm General
Insurance Co., 25 Wn. App. 766, 609 P.2d 456 (1980). In Wisniewski, the insurance company provided
notice of cancellation to the homeowners but not to the lien holder. Wisniewski, 25 Wn. App. at 769. The
court held that the cancellation was effective as to only the homeowners. Wisniewski, 25 Wn. App. at
769.
        8{Emphasis added.)
        9Forthe first time in his reply brief, Johnson attempts to argue the renewal and cancellation
provisions are ambiguous. Cowiche Canyon Conservancv v. Boslev. 118 Wn.2d 801, 809, 828 P.2d 549,
553 (1992) (issue raised for the first time in a reply brief is too late to warrant consideration).

                                                    15
No. 68029-3-1/16

CR 50 Judgment as a Matter of Law

       Johnson contends the trial court erred in granting the CR 50 motion for judgment

as a matter law. Johnson alleged Mount Vernon breached the duty "to pay for fire

related repairs, personal property damage, and additional living expenses" in violation of

the WAC and the CPA.

       Johnson does not challenge dismissal of his contract claims. Nor can he. It is

well established that if the insured commits fraud with the intent of deceiving the

insurance company, the insured forfeits any claim under the policy. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at

652-53; see also William E. Shipley, Annotation, Overvaluation In Proof of Loss of

Property Insured As Fraud Avoiding Fire Insurance Policy, 16 A.L.R.3D 774, § 2 (1967).

Accordingly, the Mount Vernon policy expressly states, in pertinent part:

       Q.     Concealment Or Fraud
              We provide coverage to no "insureds" under this policy if, whether
              before or after a loss, an "insured" has:
              1.     Intentionally concealed or misrepresented any material fact
                     or circumstance;
              2.     Engaged in fraudulent conduct; or
              3.     Made false statements;
              relating to this claim.

       Nonetheless, Johnson asserts the court erred in dismissing his bad faith and

CPA claims because his fraud occurred after Mount Vernon committed the alleged bad

faith and violated the CPA. Mount Vernon asserts the Washington Supreme Court's

decision in Cox is dispositive. We agree with Mount Vernon.

       We review a CR 50 motion for judgment as a matter of law de novo. Goodman

v. Goodman, 128Wn.2d 366, 371, 907 P.2d 290 (1995). The decision to grant a motion

for judgment as a matter of law is appropriate when, viewing the evidence most

favorable to the nonmoving party, the court can say as a matter of law that there is no

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No. 68029-3-1/17

substantial evidence or reasonable inference to sustain a verdict for the nonmoving

party. Guiiosa v. Wal-Mart Stores. Inc.. 144Wn.2d907, 915, 32 P.3d 250 (2001).

       Johnson does not challenge any of the undisputed and extensive findings of fact

set forth in the "Order Granting Defendant Mount Vernon's Motion for Judgment as a

Matter of Law." The undisputed findings establish he intentionally misrepresented

material facts during the course of his claim with Mount Vernon by submitting a

fraudulent lease "in order to obtain ALE benefits under the Mt. Vernon policy."

       In Cox, the insured purchased a homeowners' policy from Mutual of Enumclaw

(MOE) that provided coverage for his home and $137,000 in unscheduled personal

property. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 645. The policy contained a provision stating that the

entire policy was void if an insured willfully concealed or misrepresented any material

fact or circumstance. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 646.

      A fire destroyed the house and its contents. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 645. The

insured Cox submitted an itemized inventory in the amount of $324,420 for personal

property destroyed by the fire. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 645. MOE "found no trace of certain

items claimed lost," including jewelry and bronze statutes valued at $35,000 to $40,000.

Cox, 110Wn.2dat646.

       MOE filed a declaratory judgment action asserting that under the terms of the

policy, the fraudulent claim voided coverage. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 646. Cox filed a

counterclaim alleging MOE committed bad faith and unfair and deceptive practices

while processing his claim in violation of the WAC and the CPA. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at

646-47.

      The jury found in favor of Cox. In the special interrogatories, the jury found that

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No. 68029-3-1/18

Cox committed fraud but that MOE was "estopped by its acts and conduct from voiding

the insurance policies," and that MOE "act[ed] in bad faith in the handling of defendant's

claim under the provisions of the Consumer Protection Act" and the WAC. Cox, 110

Wn.2d at 647-48. The trial court granted MOE's motion for judgment notwithstanding

the verdict. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 648. The trial court ruled that Cox's fraud precluded the

use of estoppel. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 648.

      The Washington Supreme Court affirmed. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 654. The Court

held that the insured was not entitled to assert estoppel and that after finding that the

insured committed fraud, the jury should not have considered the claims that MOE

committed bad faith, violated the WAC, and violated the CPA. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 652.

      The Court held that where the insured intentionally misrepresents material facts

during the claims process, the insured is not entitled to pursue bad faith or CPA claims.

Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 652-53. In rejecting the insured's argument that the finding of fraud

should not preclude his bad faith and CPA claims, the court states that the insured's

fraud precludes any actions for bad faith or violation of the CPA. Cox, 110 Wn.2d at

652-53.

      [T]he purpose of the CPA will not be served by awarding damages,
      attorney fees, and costs to Cox after he tried to perpetrate a fraud on
      MOE. Furthermore, legal mechanisms exist to punish insurers guilty of
      CPA violations since insurers are subject to the enforcement powers of
      the State Insurance Commissioner. We consider this regulation by the
      Insurance Commissioner to be an adequate deterrence against bad faith
      by insurance companies. We need not further punish MOE when to do so
      would provide a windfall to one guilty of fraud.

            The CPA exists to protect consumers, not to aid and abet fraud.
      We hold that Cox is not entitled to recovery under the CPA.

Cox, 110 Wn.2d at 652-53.

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No. 68029-3-1/19

       Here, because there is no dispute that Johnson committed fraud during the claim

process, he is not entitled to pursue the bad faith and CPA claims against Mount

Vernon. See also Tornetta v. Allstate Ins. Co., 94 Wn. App. 803, 806-07, 810, 973 P.2d

8 (1999) (where the insured misrepresented the value of the jewelry and falsified a

receipt from the jewelry store but alleged the insurance company committed bad faith

and violated the CPA during the investigation of his claim for the allegedly stolen items,

the court held that a plaintiff who commits fraud may not "pursue a bad faith or CPA

claim"); Kim, 153 Wn. App. at 361 (insured's material misrepresentations "negate a

finding that Allstate acted in bad faith or in violation of the CPA"); and Wickswat v.

Safeco Ins. Co., 78 Wn. App. 958, 971, 904 P.2d 767 (1995) (where the insured

intentionally misrepresented material facts during the claims process, under Cox, the

insured is not entitled to sue the insurer for bad faith or violation of the CPA).

       Strother v. Capitol Bankers Life Insurance Co.. 68 Wn. App. 224, 842 P.2d 504

(1992). and Ellis v. William Penn Life Assurance Co. of America. 124Wn.2d 1,873P.2d

1185 (1994), do not support Johnson's argument that despite his fraud, he is entitled to

pursue the bad faith and CPA claims.

       In Ellis, the Supreme Court consolidated and considered two cases, Ellis and

Strother. Ellis, 124 Wn.2d at 3. The Court distinguished Cox and held that in the

context of a replacement life insurance policy, the insured's fraud does not prevent an

innocent beneficiary from asserting equitable estoppel against an insurer who has acted

in bad faith. Ellis. 124 Wn.2d at 14. Ellis stands for the proposition that in the context of

replacement life insurance, it would be unfair to bar an innocent beneficiary from relying

on equitable estoppel where both the insurer and insured engaged in wrongful acts.

                                              19
No. 68029-3-1/20

See Wickswat. 78 Wn. App. at 975. But the same fairness and policy considerations do

not apply in either Cox or here where no third party beneficiary is involved. See

Wickswat, 78 Wn. App. at 975.

      Johnson's reliance on Oregon Mutual Insurance Co. v. Barton. 109 Wn. App.

405, 36 P.3d 1065 (2001), is also misplaced. In Barton, the court addressed whether a

settlement between an insurer and the insured was enforceable. The insurance

company attempted to void the policy after the settlement, claiming the insured had

made material misrepresentations. Barton, 109 Wn. App. at 411. The court concluded

the alleged misrepresentations could not have induced the settlement because the

misrepresentations occurred after the settlement. Barton. 109 Wn. App. at 416.

      We conclude the trial court did not err in granting Mount Vernon's motion for

judgment as a matter of law.

      We affirm dismissal of Johnson's lawsuit against Safeco and Mount Vernon.

                                             %SL jj^.—rO SL_.
WE CONCUR:

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