Court Opinion

ID: 9946441
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-29 19:00:51.507294+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:25:26.238600
License: Public Domain

NOT PRECEDENTIAL

              UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                   FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                        ___________

                             No. 23-2355
                             ___________

                     MAURICE RICHARDSON,
                                     Appellant

                                   v.

                  DAVID ORTIZ, Former Warden;
                  MR. CASSANO, Health Services;
               KYLE ENGLERT, Correctional Officer;
          MR. HYNECHINSKI, Chief Health Administrator,
    All Defendants sued Individually and on their Official capacities
             ____________________________________

            On Appeal from the United States District Court
                    for the District of New Jersey
                       (D.C. No. 1:22-cv-05682)
             District Judge: Honorable Robert B. Kugler
             ____________________________________

          Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a)
                       on December 27, 2023

Before: BIBAS, PORTER, and MONTGOMERY-REEVES, Circuit Judges

                   (Opinion filed: February 29, 2024)
             ____________________________________
                                        ___________

                                         OPINION*
                                        ___________

PER CURIAM

         Maurice Richardson, a federal prisoner at F.C.I. Fort Dix, appeals from an order of

the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, dismissing his Bivens ac-

tion. We will affirm.

      On September 17, 2018, Richardson filed a habeas corpus petition under 28 U.S.C. §

2241. Richardson v. Ortiz, No. 18-13939, 2019 WL 2121365 (D.N.J. May 15, 2019).

Broadly construed, the petition alleged that Richardson had been improperly dismissed

from his prison job as a medical orderly after being falsely accused of stealing medical

supplies. Id. The medical supplies had been found during a search of Richardson’s cell,

during which Richardson was injured. Id. The District Court dismissed the petition be-

cause it concluded that Richardson should have brought the complaint as a Bivens action.

Id.

         On September 22, 2022, Richardson filed a Bivens action, which focused solely

on the injury he sustained during the search of his cell. DC ECF 1. The District Court

screened the complaint under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A and dismissed it as time-barred, but

granted him leave to submit a proposed amended complaint which corrected the deficien-

cies noted in the opinion. DC ECF 9. In response, Richardson filed a motion to amend his

*
  This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
                                              2
complaint, arguing that his claims related back under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure

15(c) to his 2018 habeas petition. DC ECF 10, citing Richardson v. Ortiz, No. 18-13939,

2019 WL 2121365 (D.N.J. May 15, 2019) and Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c). The Court found

Richardson’s arguments unpersuasive, dismissed the amended complaint as time barred,

and denied him further leave to amend because of the untimeliness of his complaint. DC

ECF 11. This appeal followed. DC ECF 13.

       We have appellate jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We exercise plenary re-

view of an order dismissing a pleading under § 1915A. See Dooley v. Wetzel, 957 F.3d

366, 373 (3d Cir. 2020). The denial of leave to amend a pleading, meanwhile, is re-

viewed for abuse of discretion. See U.S. ex rel. Schumann v. AstraZeneca Pharms. L.P.,

769 F.3d 837, 849 (3d Cir. 2014).

       Richardson’s complaint was properly dismissed as time-barred. The statute of lim-

itations for a Bivens action is determined by looking to the forum state’s statute of limita-

tions for personal injury claims. See Wilson v. Garcia, 471 U.S. 261, 279 (1985). In New

Jersey, the statute of limitations for personal injury actions is two years. See N.J. Stat.

Ann. § 2A:14-2. A Bivens claim accrues when the plaintiff knows or has reason to know

of the injury which prompts the complaint. See Sameric Corp. v. City of Philadelphia,

142 F.3d 582, 599 (3d Cir. 1998). The events described in Richardson’s 2022 complaint

occurred in 2017, placing it three years beyond the statute of limitations. DC ECF 10.

       Richardson concedes as much but argues that his complaint is not untimely be-

cause it relates back to the events underlying his prior habeas petition. CA ECF 10, citing

Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c). Richardson misunderstands Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c), which concerns

                                               3
the amendment of pending complaints. Given that the habeas action was dismissed in

2019, there is nothing for Richardson to amend. See Ahmed v. Dragovich, 297 F.3d 201,

208-09 (3d Cir. 2002); see also 6 Fed. Prac. & Proc. Civ. § 1489 (3d ed.).1

    Accordingly, we will affirm the judgment of the District Court.2

1
  Even assuming arguendo that the statute of limitations was tolled by the pendency of his
habeas petition, Richardson’s complaint was nevertheless untimely because he filed it
more than three years after his petition was dismissed.
2
  We agree that further amendment would be futile. Grayson v. Mayview State Hosp.,
293 F.3d 103, 108 (3d Cir. 2002).
                                            4