Court Opinion

ID: 7804981
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-08-30 20:05:14.018475+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:29:55.632824
License: Public Domain

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

                               STATE OF LOUISIANA

    ICOURT OF APPEAL
    6f
                                  FIRST CIRCUIT

G                                  2022 CU 0076

                              APRIL OWENS DRAGON

                                      VERSUS

                                  BRIAN DRAGON

                                CONSOLIDATED WITH

                                    2022 CU 0077

                                      VERSUS

                              APRIL OWENS DRAGON

                                DATE OF JUDGMENT.• '       AUG 3 o 2022

      ON APPEAL FROM THE TWENTY- SECOND JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT,
                  PARISH OF ST. TAMMANY, STATE OF LOUISIANA
         NUMBER 2018- 13712 CONSOLIDATED WITH 2018- 13732, DIVISION I

                   HONORABLE REGINALD T. BADEAUX, 111, JUDGE

     Angela Cox Williams                    Counsel for Plaintiff A
                                                                  - ppellee
     Jesmin Basanti Finley                  April Owens
     Slidell, Louisiana

     Scott G. Jones                         Counsel for Defendant -Appellant
     Slidell, Louisiana                     Brian Dragon

                      BEFORE: GUIDRY, HOLDRIDGE, AND CHUTZ, JJ.

     Disposition: AFFIRMED.
CHUTZ, I

      Defendant -appellant, Brian A. Dragon, appeals the trial court' s judgment,

which approved the relocation of the minor child he shares with his former wife,

plaintiff a
          - ppellee, April Owens ( formerly Dragon), and denied relief on his claims

for contempt. We affirm.

              FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

      The parties were married on February 13, 2010, and their only child was

born on October 31, 2013. They separated on May 13, 2018. On August 1, 2018,

Owens filed a petition for divorce seeking,     among other things,    an    award   of

permanent sole custody. Dragon answered Owens'          lawsuit and entered into a

stipulated judgment that awarded Owens temporary sole custody of the child with

express supervised visitation of the child in favor of Dragon. Owens subsequently

amended her pleadings to aver that she was entitled to a divorce on the basis of

adultery which Dragon " denied as written" in an answer.

      At a hearing on October 9, 2018, where Dragon chose not to appear but for

which his attorney was present, Owens was granted an immediate divorce. The

matter of custody was disposed of in a judgment signed on October 31,            2018,

which awarded permanent sole custody to Owens, fording it was in the child' s best

interest. Dragon was granted no visitation with the child.

      The following relevant facts are undisputed. Dragon committed adultery

during his marriage and was subsequently diagnosed with a substance abuse

disorder for his use of methamphetamine. At the time of the parties'        separation,

Dragon was an attorney. As a result of his substance abuse, he was suspended from

the practice of law in Louisiana. Although he had a relapse, Dragon thereafter

successfully completed rehabilitation and remained sober as monitored by the

Judges and Lawyers Assistance Program ( JLAP). Owens was a principal of the

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elementary school that the child attended. She suffers from an immune deficiency

and also has a deficient lung which made her particularly vulnerable to Covid,

placing her at high risk. As a result, it was determined that as of the 2020- 2021

school year, returning to the classroom or working as a principal was not feasible

and Owens was approved for disability retirement by the St. Tammany Parish
School Board.

         Commencing in February 2019, without court intervention and in graduated

steps, Owens began allowing Dragon to visit with the child. At first the visitation

was   supervised,
                    but as Dragon maintained his sobriety,       the visits became

unsupervised and eventually were unsupervised and overnight. At the time of the

parties separation in May 2018, Dragon remained in the matrimonial domicile and

Owens and the child moved to a condominium that her parents owned.

         According to Dragon, in August 2019, on the child' s first day of school, he
arrived at the condominium around 6: 30 a. m.       and helped the child get ready.

Because the child was wearing a school uniform, Dragon dressed in similar garb.

Dragon then began " the pattern or the routine"     of going to Owens'   residence to

prepare the child for school almost every day that the child had school. He was

also present at Owens' residence daily after she returned from work with the child

who typically attended the school' s aftercare program while Owens finished her

work day. Dragon helped the child do his homework, spent " daddy and [ the child

time,"    and assisted in the child' s bath. Dragon stated that he then tucked both

Owens and the child into bed. He explained that he and Owens had a plutonic

relationship and that he frequently spent the night at the condominium, sleeping in

a bed with the child between him and Owens, but that Owens never spent the night

at Dragon' s house.

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       On August 19, 2020,        Owens sent a notice to Dragon by certified mail,

informing him that she and the child were seeking to relocate to Brandon,

Mississippi, as soon as possible for her support system and health. She advised

Dragon that her parents were also moving to Brandon and that she was transferring

her medical treatment to Jackson, Mississippi.

       On August 27, 2020, Dragon filed a rule to modify custody and an objection

to   the    relocation.   He also requested a temporary restraining order (        TRO),

precluding Owens from relocating with the child. On September 11, 2020, the trial

court issued a TRO directed at Owens, restraining her from permanently removing

or relocating the child until the hearing on Dragon' s rules. Owens filed her motion

for permission to relocate with the child on September 23, 2020. On October 7,

2020, Dragon filed a rule for contempt, averring that Owens had violated the TRO

and seeking attorney fees and costs associated with the contempt claim. All matters

were set for hearing together.

           After a three-day hearing, the trial court took the matter under advisement.

On March 10, 2021, the trial court issued extensive written reasons for judgment,

approving of Owens' relocation and expressly denying Dragon relief on " the          oral

motion for contempt."
                             The trial court maintained permanent sole custody with
Owens        but awarded Dragon      unsupervised   visitation   every   other   weekend,

alternating major holidays, Father' s Day, and two uninterrupted two- week blocks

in June and July, subject to Dragon' s continued sobriety as monitored by JLAP. A

judgment in conformity with the written reasons was issued on March 10, 2021.

Dragon appeals, challenging the trial court' s determinations, which approved the

relocation by Owens and denied contempt relief.

                                             S
                                         DISCUSSION

         Under certain circumstances, the relocation of a child' s principal residence

to a location out of state is governed by Louisiana' s relocation statutes, La. R.S.

9: 355. 1- 9: 355. 19. La. R.S. 9: 355.2. When the relocation of the child' s principal

residence is contested, La. R.S. 9: 355. 10 requires that the relocating parent prove
that the proposed relocation is: ( 1) made in good faith; and ( 2) in the best interest

of the child. Gautreaux v Gautreaux, 2019- 1486 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 7/ 23/ 20),     309

So. 3d 362, 365 (   citing Curole v. Curole, 2002- 1891 ( La. 10/ 15/ 02),   828 So. 2d

1094, 1096).

         On appeal, in challenging the trial court' s approval of Owens'     relocation,

Dragon suggests that Owens failed to demonstrate her request was in good faith.

He also maintains that while the evidence supports a finding that relocation is in

Owens' best interest, the record lacks support to find the move is in the child' s best

interest.

Good Faith:

         The jurisprudence has defined the meaning of "good faith"   in the context of

relocation as a legitimate or valid reason for the move. Legitimate reasons for

relocation include: for significant health reasons; to protect the safety of the child

or another member of the child' s household from a significant risk of harm; and to

be close to significant family or other support networks.         See Wylie v Wylie,

52, 800 ( La. App. 2d Cir. 5/ 22/ 19),   273 So. 3d 1256, 1259.

         The trial court found that Owens' request for relocation was made in good

faith.   Specifically, the trial court concluded that the move was necessary for

maintenance of Owens' physical and mental health which, due to her underlying

health condition, were intertwined. Also noted by the trial court in support of its

conclusion that Owens established the requisite good faith is that she desired "      to

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start anew somewhere far enough away to shield her and [ the child] from the toxic

atmosphere [ of the community] created solely by [ Dragon]."

      In her testimony, Owens explained that in Brandon,                  she   resided   on   a

working horse farm. Because she shows horses, she found the new location

relieved stress, which is a significant trigger for her immune disorder. She also

explained that as a former principal in an elementary school with 115 employees

and 800 students, she had been involved in many community organizations and

was well known in the community. After the demise of the marriage, when Owens

attended school functions, she described the stigma that she faced as a result of

Dragon' s actions which gave rise to the divorce. This testimonial evidence

supports the trial court' s express findings that Owens is relocating for legitimate

reasons including significant health reasons and to remove herself and the child

from the community in which they faced stigma as a result of Dragon' s pre -divorce

conduct.'    Thus, the record supports the trial court' s determination that Owens'

request was made in good faith.

Best Interest•

      Louisiana' s relocation statutes retain the " best interest of the child" standard

as the fundamental principle governing decisions made pursuant to its provisions.

Gautreaux, 309 So. 3d at 365. In particular, La. R.S. 9: 355. 14( A) provides that:

               In reaching its decision regarding a proposed relocation, the
       court shall consider all relevant factors in determining whether
       relocation is in the best interest of the child, including the following:

        1)     The nature, quality, extent of involvement, and duration of the
       relationship of the child with the person proposing relocation and with
       the non -relocating person, siblings, and other significant persons in
       the child' s life.

 Additionally, Owens testified that her parents were relocating from Poplarville, Mississippi to
Brandon, she and the child would be living with them, and they would be providing her and the
child with support. Therefore, the legitimate reason of being close to significant family is a
finding also supported by the evidence.
        2)
                The age, developmental stage, needs of the child, and the likely
       impact the relocation will have on the child' s physical, educational,
       and emotional development.

        3)
                The feasibility of preserving a good relationship between the
       non -relocating person and the child through suitable physical custody
       or visitation arrangements, considering the logistics and financial
       circumstances of the parties.

        4)
                The child' s views about the proposed relocation, taking into
       consideration the age and maturity of the child.

        5)
                Whether there is an established pattern of conduct by either the
       person seeking or the person opposing the relocation,               either to

       promote or thwart the relationship of the child and the other party.
        6)
                How the relocation of the child will affect the general quality of
       life for the child, including but not limited to financial or emotional
       benefit and educational opportunity.

        7) The reasons of each person for seeking or opposing the relocation.
        8)    The current employment and economic circumstances of each
       person and how the proposed relocation may affect the circumstances
       of the child.

        9) The extent to which the objecting person has fulfilled his financial
       obligations to the person seeking relocation, including child support,
       spousal support, and community property, and alimentary obligations.

        10) The feasibility of a relocation by the objecting person.

        11) Any history of substance abuse, harassment, or violence by either
       the person seeking or the person opposing relocation, including a
       consideration of the severity of the conduct and the failure or success
       of any attempts at rehabilitation.

        12) Any other factors affecting the best interest of the child.

       Although this statute requires the court to consider the twelve listed factors

when conducting its best -interest analysis, the court is free to weigh some factors

more heavily than others. See Gathen v. Gathen,             2010- 2312 ( La. 5/ 10/ 11),   66

So. 3d 1,    10. Because the trial court is in the best position to judge the credibility of

the witnesses and consider the wide array of facts, the trial court' s factual

determinations are entitled to great weight and will not be overturned absent an

abuse of discretion. Gathen, 66 So. 3d at 9.

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          In addition to the stigma in the community associated with his father' s pre-
divorce actions from which the relocation           shielded the   child,    in reaching its

conclusion that the move to Brandon was in the child' s best interest, the trial court

stated:

          the move is not so far away so as to deprive [        Dragon]     of regular

          visitation and contact with [ the child]. [   The child] is enrolled in a
          school that is equal to or perhaps superior to [ the child' s] former
          school, and is receiving speech therapy for his stuttering. Also ... [   the
          child] will have the benefit and support of the maternal grandparents.

          In an articulated application of the La. R.S.          9: 355. 14 factors,     while

recognizing and crediting Dragon' s success with his sobriety and his extensive,

close family ties, the trial court emphasized the evidence establishing that Owens

had been the child' s primary caregiver, especially and by necessity during

Dragon' s extramarital affairs,      drug abuse, and subsequent inpatient treatment.

Also, the testimony by Owens, who has a PhD in education, that she had " carefully
researched"      the schools the child had available to attend as well as the

opportunities for speech therapy services was weighed by the trial court in Owens'

favor in its determination that the relocation was in the child' s best interest. The

trial court found, significant that Owens had already demonstrated a willingness to

promote the child' s relationship with the father by allowing more visitation to

Dragon as he became more successful in his sobriety. Relying on Dragon' s

testimony that because he was unable to work as an attorney during his suspension,

he had been working as an Uber and Lyft driver, as well as at Carpet World, and

that he would find a place to live in Brandon in the event Owens' relocation was

approved, the trial court concluded that Dragon could readily relocate to Brandon

if he so chose. Because the new environment was less stressful on Owens, the trial

court pointed out that the child benefited from his mother' s increased serenity.

Finally, given Dragon' s substance abuse history as well as the child' s undisputed
involvement and familiarity with horses, the trial court determined that allowing
the child a short period of time to reside in the wholesome environment of a horse

farm, which would be replaced by a more traditional life         once Owens'    parents

relocated to Brandon, was in the child' s best interest. Mindful that the trial court is

in the best position to judge the credibility of the witnesses and consider the wide

array of facts and that, therefore, its factual determinations are entitled to great

weight, in light of the evidence in the record, we cannot say the trial court abused

its discretion in approving Owens' relocation with the Seechild to Brandon.

Contempt for Failure to Timely Notify of Relocation or TRO Violation

      Based on assertions he made during the relocation hearing that Owens failed

to timely provide him with notice of her intent to relocate with the child, Dragon

urges Owens should be ordered to pay for the costs associated with his filing of the
motion for a TRO. It is undisputed that he did not raise this issue in a written

pleading and that the judgment expressly states that " the oral motion for contempt"

is denied.

      La. R. S. 9: 355. 5( A)( 1) provides that notice of a proposed relocation of the

principal residence of a child shall be given by registered or certified mail no later

than the sixtieth day before the date of the proposed relocation.           Here, it is

undisputed that while Owens gave Dragon the requisite notice, it was not within

the 60 -day time period. La. R.S. 9: 355. 6 sets forth the remedies available for the

failure to provide any notice of relocation, stating:

       The court may consider a failure to provide notice of a proposed
       relocation of a child as:

        1)    A factor in making its determination regarding the relocation of
       a child.

        2)    A basis for ordering the return of the child if the relocation has
       taken place without notice or court authorization.

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        3)   Sufficient cause to order the person proposing relocation to pay
       reasonable     expenses      incurred    by    the   person
                                                                      objecting     to   the
       relocation.

       In making its ruling and declining to order Owens to pay to Dragon his

reasonable expenses incurred by objecting to the relocation, the trial court did not

find the less -than -sixty-day notice a factor in making its determination regarding

the relocation of the child. Similarly, it declined to order return of the child to

Louisiana, and concluded that Dragon failed to establish sufficient cause to support

such an order. The trial court duly noted that Owens failed to comply with the

notice requirement but took into account her need to act quickly because the

condominium, owned by her parents, sold " at a most inconvenient time, namely

the beginning of a new school year." Thus, the trial court concluded that "[ i] f [the

child] were to start at a new school, it was in his best interest to make that change

at the beginning of the school year, rather than mid -semester, or even mid -year."

The best interests of the child trump the procedural requirements of La. R.S.

9: 355. 4. Granger v Granger, 2011- 77 ( La. App. 3d Cir. 6/ 15/ 11),              69 So. 3d 666,

669, writ denied, 2011- 1882 ( La. 9/ 16/ 11), 69 So. 3d 1152. Moreover, both Dragon

and Owens testified that Dragon knew of the possibility of the proposed relocation

before the date that he received actual notice, albeit he testified that he had hoped

to accompany Owens and the child in relocating to Brandon. Accordingly, we find
no error.2

       Dragon also filed a written motion for contempt directed at Owens' removal

and relocation of the child to Mississippi prior to the hearing in violation of the

TRO. In his reply brief, Dragon focuses on the following trial court' s findings:

2 Because there is no error under an application of the Chapter on Relocating a Child' s
Residence, we find it unnecessary to determine whether the trial court' s alternative holdings are
erroneous, approving the relocation and denying Dragon the relief for untimely notice of
relocation based on a conclusion that La. R.S. 9: 355. 1- 9: 355. 19 are inapplicable since Owens has
permanent sole custody of the child. Therefore, we pretermit such a discussion.

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                 Despite a court order prohibiting [       Owens]       from permanently
       removing [ the child] from the jurisdiction of the court until a hearing
       could be held, it is apparent from the testimony that that is precisely
       what she did. By the time [ Owens] had notified [ Dragon] of her intent
       to relocate to Brandon,          Mississippi with the minor child, she had
       already enrolled him in a school there and had established a residence.
       Subsequently, in late September [ prior to the hearing] she moved her
       car registration to the new Mississippi address. [ Owens]                   and [   the
       child],
                  up until the relocation, had been living in [ Owens']            parents'
       condominium ....           Her    intention   was    to   live     there   until    the
       condominium        sold.
                                  When the sale began proceeding to closing
       beginning in late July 2020, [ Owens] put her plan into effect.

In his reply brief assertions, Dragon takes umbrage with Owens' assertion that she

did not violate the trial court' s TRO because she did not permanently remove the
child from Louisiana prior to the hearing.

       To find a person guilty of constructive contempt,3 the court must find that

she violated the order of the court intentionally, knowingly, and purposely, without

justifiable excuse. If the person charged with contempt is found guilty, the court

shall render an order reciting the facts constituting the contempt, adjudging the

person charged with contempt guilty thereof, and specifying the punishment

imposed. La. C. C. P. art. 225( B). The trial court is vested with great discretion in

determining whether a party should be held in contempt of court and its decision

will be reversed only when the appellate court discerns a clear abuse of that great

discretion. Underwood v. Underwood, 2021- 0277 (                 La. App.     1st Cir. 10/ 21/ 21),

332 So. 3d 128, 153- 54.

       In fact, neither the trial court' s judgment nor its written reasons contain an

express disposition of Dragon' s motion for contempt based on a violation of the

TRO. The trial court did not impose any punishment against Owens despite its

finding that the move to Mississippi prior to the hearing was in violation of the

TRO. And in his motion for new trial, Dragon did not point out this failure to the

trial court.

3 See La. C. C.P. art. 224( 2) (" Willful disobedience of any lawful judgment, order, mandate, writ,
or process of the court" constitutes a constructive contempt of court).

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       Generally, silence in a judgment as to any issue, claim, or demand placed

before the trial court is deemed a rejection of the claim and the relief sought is

presumed to be denied. Schoolhouse, Inc. v. Fanguy, 2010-2238 ( La. App.            1st

Cir. 6/ 10/ 11),   69 So.3d 658, 664. Thus, the claim was denied and we review it

accordingly.

       The trial court found that Owens' motivation in relocating was based on her

concern for the best interest of the child and the effect a move interrupting the
child' s school year would have. Owens explained the differences in the two school

districts' Covid restrictions at the time she relocated, including the heightened risk

to which she was exposed by the St. Tammany Parish masking policy.                The

undisputed evidence additionally showed that unless she and the child moved back

into the former matrimonial domicile, of which she has " bad memories," Owens

had no other place to reside in St. Tammany Parish. And during the hearing,
Owens testified that she would " do whatever the Court tells [ her] to do," insofar as

relocation, although she admitted that she preferred to remain in Mississippi. The

trial court obviously determined that Owens' did not violate the TRO intentionally,

knowingly, and purposely, without justifiable excuse. In light of this evidence and

the trial court' s finding that Owens' motivation in relocating was concern for the

best interest of the child, we cannot say that conclusion is a clear abuse of the trial

court' s great discretion.

                                      DECREE

        For these reasons, the trial court' s judgment is affirmed. Appeal costs are

assessed against defendant -appellant, Brian A. Dragon.

        AFFIRMED.

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