Court Opinion

ID: 4533529
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-05-12 15:38:04.853042+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:33:11.504583
License: Public Domain

FILED
                                                                   MAY 12, 2020
                                                          In the Office of the Clerk of Court
                                                         WA State Court of Appeals, Division III

            IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
                               DIVISION THREE

STATE OF WASHINGTON,                         )         No. 36322-8-III
                                             )
                     Respondent,             )
                                             )
       v.                                    )         UNPUBLISHED OPINION
                                             )
ERICA MAY TOEBE,                             )
                                             )
                     Appellant.              )

       PENNELL, C.J. — Erica Toebe appeals a deadly weapon enhancement imposed in

relation to her conviction for second degree assault. We affirm.

                                         FACTS

       Ms. Toebe got into an argument with her roommate over a bar tab. The dispute

escalated into a physical altercation, and culminated in Ms. Toebe clubbing her roommate
No. 36322-8-III
State v. Toebe

with a metal towel bar. Several of Ms. Toebe’s blows landed on her roommate’s head.

The roommate sought help from some neighbors and was transported by ambulance to

the hospital.

       At the hospital, the roommate was treated for: (1) a broken cheekbone requiring

reparative surgery, (2) a cut to the head requiring six staples, (3) a cut to the lip requiring

four stiches, and (4) bruising and swelling the face, eye area, arms and ankles. The

bruising was so severe it delayed reparative surgery to the cheekbone.

       The State charged Ms. Toebe with one count of second degree assault with a

deadly weapon enhancement. A jury convicted her as charged. Ms. Toebe appeals.

Her challenges are limited to the deadly weapon enhancement.

                                         ANALYSIS

       A jury’s verdict on a deadly weapon enhancement must be supported by sufficient

evidence. See State v. Sassen Van Elsloo, 191 Wash. 2d 798, 825-26, 425 P.3d 807 (2018).

This standard is not onerous. “A claim of insufficiency admits the truth of the State’s

evidence and all inferences that reasonably can be drawn therefrom.” State v. Salinas,

119 Wash. 2d 192, 201, 829 P.2d 1068 (1992).

       The State’s evidence was sufficient to prove the towel bar employed by Ms. Toebe

against her roommate was a deadly weapon. Washington’s deadly weapon statute lists

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No. 36322-8-III
State v. Toebe

several instruments that are per se deadly weapons. RCW 9.94A.825. Included is “any

metal pipe or bar used or intended to be used as a club.” Id. The towel bar here met that

definition. Witnesses described the bar as being made from metal. Ms. Toebe used the bar

to club the victim of her assault. It is irrelevant that the towel bar was not shaped like a

club or might not meet the dictionary definition of a club. The statute only requires the

bar or pipe be used like a club, not that it be a club. The uncontested evidence meets this

standard.

       Even though Ms. Toebe’s second degree assault conviction required proof of a

deadly weapon, RCW 9A.36.021(1)(c), imposition of a deadly weapon enhancement

under RCW 9.94A.533(4) did not violate Ms. Toebe’s right against double jeopardy.

Our case law has long recognized the legislature’s intent to increase punishment when a

defendant convicted of second degree assault (which can be committed in several ways)

is armed with a deadly weapon. State v. Aguirre, 168 Wash. 2d 350, 366, 229 P.3d 669

(2010). No recent authority holds to the contrary. 1 Thus, there was no double jeopardy

violation. Id.

       1
        Ms. Toebe’s citation to State v. Allen, 192 Wash. 2d 526, 431 P.3d 117 (2018) is
inapt. That case addressed the preclusive effect of a jury’s verdict as to sentence
enhancements, not the validity of multiple punishments authorized by the jury’s verdict.

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No. 36322-8-III
State v. Toebe

                                    CONCLUSION

       The judgment is affirmed.

       A majority of the panel has determined this opinion will not be printed in

the Washington Appellate Reports, but it will be filed for public record pursuant to

RCW 2.06.040.

                                          _________________________________
                                          Pennell, C.J.

WE CONCUR:

______________________________
Siddoway, J.

______________________________
Lawrence-Berrey, J.

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