Court Opinion

ID: 6348848
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-06-10 19:02:17.786843+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:42:48.010544
License: Public Domain

Court of Appeals
of the State of Georgia

                                       ATLANTA,____________________
                                                June 10, 2022

The Court of Appeals hereby passes the following order:

A22A1043. ROBERTO BAEZ v. THE STATE.

      Roberto Baez was convicted of armed robbery in 2007 and sentenced to life
imprisonment. This Court affirmed his conviction on appeal. See Baez v. State, 297
Ga. App. 893 (678 SE2d 583) (2009). In 2020, Baez filed an appeal from the
dismissal of his motion challenging his sentence and conviction. See Case No.
A21A1116. We dismissed that appeal on April 19, 2021.1
      On December 15, 2021, Baez filed a “Motion to Dismiss,” contending that his
conviction is void and should be vacated. The trial court dismissed the motion the
same day. Baez thereafter filed a 19-page pleading titled “Motion to Set Aside
Motion to Dismiss or Alternatively Treated as a Notice of Appeal,” in which he
challenged the order dismissing his motion to dismiss and argued inter alia that his
conviction was illegal. The trial court denied the motion to set aside. On February 4,
2022, Baez filed a notice of appeal from that order. We lack jurisdiction for several
reasons.
      First, Baez’s motion to dismiss was not an appropriate remedy in his criminal
case. Pleadings, motions, and orders must be construed according to their substance
and function and not merely as to their nomenclature. Planet Ins. Co. v. Ferrell, 228
Ga. App. 264, 266 (491 SE2d 471) (1997); accord State v. Hasson, 334 Ga. App. 1,

      1
      Baez has filed numerous other post-conviction challenges in this Court, each
of which was dismissed or denied. See Case Nos. A07D0390, A08D0453,
A09D0423, A10D0160, A11D0290,             A12D0062, A14D0096, A16D0205,
A16D0261, A16D0292, A17D0092 and A21A1116.
3 (1) (778 SE2d 15) (2015). Although styled as a motion to dismiss, Baez’s motion
was, in substance, one to vacate his conviction as void. As we instructed Baez in
Case No. A21A1116 (dismissed Apr. 19, 2021), “a petition to vacate or modify a
judgment of conviction is not an appropriate remedy in a criminal case.” Harper v.
State, 286 Ga. 216, 218 (1) (686 SE2d 786) (2009). Thus, any appeal from an order
denying or dismissing such a motion must be dismissed. See Roberts v. State, 286 Ga.
532, 532 (690 SE2d 150) (2010); Harper, 286 Ga. at 218 (2).
      Second, even if Baez’s motion to dismiss had been appropriate, it was untimely
inasmuch as no notice of appeal was filed within 30 days of the ruling on the motion
to dismiss. See OCGA § 5-6-38. Baez’s filing of the motion to set aside, which was
in substance a motion for reconsideration, did not extend the time in which to appeal
the prior order; and the ruling on a motion for reconsideration was not appealable in
its own right. See Bell v. Cohran, 244 Ga. App. 510, 511 (536 SE2d 187) (2000).
And, as the trial court noted, Baez’s motion to set aside was not to be “treated as a
notice of appeal” because it did not satisfy the requirements of OCGA § 5-6-37.
      Finally, “when a judgment of conviction is affirmed by an appellate court, no
ordinary second appeal will be allowed.” Grant v. State, 159 Ga. App. 2, 3 (282 SE2d
668) (1981) (citations omitted). Baez’s conviction was affirmed on direct appeal, and
this appeal does not come within any exception to the general rule. See id.; see also
Brown v. State, 296 Ga. App. 224 (674 SE2d 91) (2009).
      Consequently, this appeal is hereby DISMISSED.

                                       Court of Appeals of the State of Georgia
                                              Clerk’s Office, Atlanta,____________________
                                                                        06/10/2022
                                              I certify that the above is a true extract from
                                       the minutes of the Court of Appeals of Georgia.
                                               Witness my signature and the seal of said court
                                       hereto affixed the day and year last above written.

                                                                                      , Clerk.