Court Opinion

ID: 9374930
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-02-24 17:04:28.540585+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:54.359142
License: Public Domain

STATE OF LOUISIANA

                                     COURT OF APPEAL

                                       FIRST CIRCUIT

                                       2022 CA 0942

       LAURIE B. HEBERT, INDIVIDUALLY AND KEVIN HEBERT,
     INDIVIDUALLY AND ON BEHALF OF HIS MINOR SON, ROBERT
                                       SETH HEBERT

                                           VERSUS

54       LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM BOARD OF
      SUPERVISORS THROUGH LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY
     AND TRAVELERS INDEMNITY COMPANY OF CONNECTICUT

                                                JUDGMENT RENDERED:         FEB _ 4 202320LJ

                                       Appealed from the
                                Nineteenth Judicial District Court
                        Parish of East Baton Rouge • State of Louisiana
                                     Docket Number 553161

                        The Honorable Kelly Balfour, Presiding Judge

        Kevin Louis Camel                                  COUNSEL FOR APPELLANTS
        Lake Charles, Louisiana                            PLAINTIFFS— Laurie B. Hebert,

                                                           Individually and Kevin Hebert,
                                                           Individually and on behalf of his
                                                           minor son, Robert Seth Hebert

        Jeffrey Martin Landry                              COUNSEL FOR APPELLANT
        Attorney General                                   DEFENDANT— Louisiana State

        Amy Lawler Gonzales                                University System Board of
        Assistant Attorney General                         Supervisors through Louisiana State
        Baton Rouge, Louisiana                             University and Agricultural and
                                                           Mechanical College
        Jabrina C. Edwards
        Assistant Attorney General
        Shreveport, Louisiana

        Joseph P. Guichet                                  COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE

        Jay P. Farmer                                      DEFENDAN'r— Travelers Indemnity
        New Orleans, Louisiana                             Company of Connecticut

                  BEFORE: WELCH, PENZATO, AND LANIER, JJ.
WELCH, J.

       The     plaintiffs,   Laurie   B.   Hebert,   individually,   and   Kevin   Hebert,

individually and on behalf of his minor son, Robert Seth Hebert, and the defendant,

Louisiana State University System Board of Supervisors through Louisiana State

University ("   LSU"),   appeal a summary judgment granted in favor of defendant,

Travelers     Indemnity Company of Connecticut ("           Travelers"),   dismissing the

plaintiffs'   claims against Travelers.      For reasons that follow, we reverse the

judgment of the trial court and remand for further proceedings.

                                      BACKGROUND

       LSU is the owner of the LSU Hilltop Arboretum (" the Arboretum facility"),

a fourteen -acre multi -educational facility located at 11855 Highland Road in Baton

Rouge, Louisiana.
                         LSU leases the Arboretum facility to Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum, LLC ("      Friends of Hilltop Arboretum"),      a non-profit organization, in

order to carry out the organization' s mission to provide a natural sanctuary for

students and visitors to learn about and appreciate trees and plants native to

Louisiana and their place in landscape architecture.      The Arboretum facility is open

to the public and is also available to rent for special events, such as weddings,

receptions, and parties.

       On April 2, 2016, the plaintiff, Laurie Hebert,          was attending a family

wedding at the Arboretum facility. She went to the restroom at the facility, and

while she was exiting the restroom, an alleged defective condition in the automatic

door closer caused the door to suddenly close on her right hand, severing her right

index finger.   The plaintiffs then filed this suit seeking damages for their personal

injuries, naming as defendants LSU, Friends of Hilltop Arboretum, and Travelers,

and alleging that LSU and Friends of Hilltop Arboretum were liable to them based

on strict liability and negligence.    The plaintiffs also alleged that at the time of the

accident, Travelers had in full force and effect a policy of insurance affording

                                              PJ
coverage to LSU and Friends of Hilltop Arboretum for the damages claimed by the

plaintiffs.

          All of the plaintiffs'       claims against Friends of Hilltop Arboretum were

dismissed pursuant to a partial summary judgment granted in Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum' s favor pursuant to a judgment signed by the trial court on March 4,

2021. 1    Travelers then filed, on August 5, 2021,              a motion for summary judgment

seeking the dismissal of the plaintiffs'                 claims against it.     Therein, Travelers

maintained that there was no genuine issue of material fact that it did not directly

insure LSU; rather, the plaintiffs contended that LSU was afforded coverage as an

 additional insured"        under the policy that Travelers issued to Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum.        Travelers contended that the terms of its policy did not afford

 additional insured"         coverage to LSU for the plaintiffs'              claims against LSU;

therefore, it was entitled to summary judgment dismissing the plaintiffs'                   claims

against it.

          After a hearing, the trial court rendered judgment granting Travelers' motion

for summary judgment.             On June 29, 2022, the trial court signed a judgment in

favor of Travelers, granting its motion for summary judgment and dismissing, with

prejudice, all of the plaintiffs'          claims against Travelers, either as an insurer of

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum and/or as an alleged insurer of LSU.                       From this

judgment, both the plaintiffs and LSU have appealed.

                                    LAW AND DISCUSSION

Summary Judgment

          Appellate courts review the grant or denial of a motion for summary

judgment de novo using the same criteria applied by the trial courts to determine

1 The record does not reflect that this judgment was appealed. Travelers argues that the " law of
the case" doctrine applies to factual findings made by the trial court when it granted Friends of
Hilltop Arboretum' s motion for summary judgment, such that these findings are conclusive and
apply to the determination of whether its policy provides coverage to LSU. However, we find
the discretionary " law of the case" doctrine does not apply in this instance. See State ex rel.
Div. of Admin, Office of Risk Management v. National Union Fire Ins. Co. of Louisiana,
2013 -03 75 ( La. App.   1St Cir. 118! 14), 146 So. 3d 556, 562- 563.

                                                     3
whether summary judgment is appropriate.                    Jackson v. Wise, 2017- 1062 ( La.

App.   11 Cir. 4113118), 249 So. 3d 845, 850, writ denied, 2018- 0785 ( La. 9121118),

252 So. 3d 914.          After an opportunity for adequate discovery,              a motion for

summary judgment shall be granted if the motion, memorandum, and supporting

documents show there is no genuine issue of material fact and that the mover is

entitled to judgment as a matter of law. La. C. C. P. art. 966( A)(3); Campbell v.

Dolgencorp, LLC, 2019- 0036 ( La. App.                  1St Cir. 119120), 294 So. 3d 522, 526.   A

genuine issue of material fact is one as to which reasonable persons could disagree;

if reasonable persons could reach only one conclusion, there is no need for trial on

that issue and summary judgment is appropriate.                 Bass v. Disa Global Solutions,

Inc., 2019- 1145 (    La. App.     1St Cir. 6112/ 20), 305 So. 3d 903, 906- 907, writ denied,

2020- 01025 ( La. 1114120), 303 So. 3d 651.

        The burden of proof on a motion for summary judgment rests with the

mover.    La. C. C. P. art. 966( D)( 1).     if the mover will not bear the burden of proof at

trial on the issue that is before the court on the motion for summary judgment, the

mover' s burden on the motion does not require him to negate all essential elements

of the adverse party' s claim, action, or defense. Rather, the mover must point out

to the court the absence of factual support for one or more elements essential to the

adverse party' s claim, action, or defense. The burden is on the adverse party to

produce factual support sufficient to establish the existence of a genuine issue of

material fact or that the mover is not entitled to judgment as a matter of law. La.

C. C. P. art. 966( D)( 1).

        Summary judgment is               appropriate
                                                           for determining issues relating to

insurance coverage. Bosse v. Access Home Insurance Co.,                    2018- 0482 ( La. App.

Pt Cir. 12/ 17/ 18),         267 So. 3d    1142,   1145.     Additionally, interpretation of an

insurance policy is usually a legal question that can be properly resolved by means
                                                                                                 Pt

of a motion for summary judgment. Sanchez v. Callegan, 99- 0137 ( La. App.

Cir. 2/ 18/ 00), 753 So. 2d 403, 405.          When determining whether a policy affords

                                                    4
coverage for an incident, the insured bears the burden of proving that the incident

falls within the policy' s terms.        Doerr v.    Mobil Oil Corp.,          2000- 0947 ( La.

12/ 19/ 00), 774 So. 2d 119, 124, modified on other grounds on reh' ,               2000- 0947

 La. 3116101),   782 So. 2d 573.      Summary judgment declaring a lack of coverage

under an insurance policy may be rendered only if there is no reasonable

interpretation of the policy, when applied to the undisputed material facts shown

by the evidence supporting the motion, under which coverage could be afforded.

Id.

Insurance Policy InkTretation

       An insurance policy is a contract between the insured and the insurer and has

the effect of law between the parties.       Highlands Underwriters Ins. Co. v. Foley,

96- 1018 (   La. App.   1'   Cir. 3/ 27/ 97), 691 So.2d 1336, 1340.       Thus, an insurance

policy should be construed using the general rules of interpretation of contracts set

forth in the Louisiana Civil Code.        Mayo v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.,

2003- 1801 ( La. 2/ 25104), 869 So. 2d 96, 99; see also Billiot v. Terrebonne Parish

Sheriffs Office, 98- 0246 ( La.       App.    1St Cir. 2/ 19199),   735 So.2d 17, 24,        writ

denied, 99- 1376 ( La. 7/ 2/ 99), 747 So. 2d 22.      The judiciary' s role in interpreting

insurance policies is to determine the common intent of the parties to the contract.

Mayo, 869 So. 2d at 99; see also La. C. C.           art.   2045.   Courts look first to the

insurance policy itself in order to determine the parties'          intent.   See La. C. C. art.

2046; Doerr, 2000- 0947 ( La. 12119100), 774 So. 2d 119, 124. When a contract can

be construed from the four corners of the policy without extrinsic evidence, the

question of contractual interpretation is answered as a matter of law.               Brown v.

Drillers, Inc., 93- 1019 ( La. 1114/ 94) 630 So. 2d 741, 749- 750.

      The parties'      intent,   as reflected by the words of an insurance policy,

determines the extent of coverage, and the intent is to be determined in accordance

with the plain, ordinary, and popular sense of the language used in the policy,

unless the words have acquired a technical meaning.                     La. C. C.    art.   2047;

                                               I
Highlands Underwriters, 691 So. 2d at 1340.             If the language in an insurance

contract is clear and unambiguous, the agreement must be enforced as written, and

a reasonable interpretation consistent with the obvious meaning and intent of the

policy must be given.        7d.; Robinson v. Heard, 2001- 1697 ( La. 2/ 26/ 02),    809

So. 2d, 943 945.      An insurance contract should not, however, be interpreted in an

unreasonable or strained manner under the guise of contractual interpretation to

enlarge or restrict its provisions beyond what is reasonably contemplated by

unambiguous terms or achieve an absurd conclusion.              Carrier v. Reliance Ins.

Co., 99- 2573 ( La. 4/ 11/ 00), 759 So. 2d 37, 43.     The rules of construction do not

authorize a perversion of the words or the exercise of inventive powers to create an

ambiguity where none exists or the making of a new contract when the terms

express with sufficient clearness the parties'       intent.   Succession of Fannaly v.

Lafayette Ins. Co., 2001- 1355 ( La. 1/ 15/ 02), 805 So. 2d 1134, 1138.

          If the contract cannot be construed based on language contained therein due

to an ambiguity, the court may look to extrinsic evidence to determine the parties'

intent.    Doerr, 774 So. 2d at 124.      At that point, determining the intent of the

parties becomes, in part, a question of fact.        See Country Club of Louisiana

Property Owners Association, Inc. v. Baton Rouge Water Works Company,

2019- 1373 (    La. App.   1St Cir. 8/ 17/ 20), 311 So. 3d 395, 399.   When making the

determination as to the parties'     intent, any ambiguities within the policy must be

construed in favor of the insured to effect, not deny, coverage.        Doerr, 774 So. 2d

at 124.      Ambiguity in a policy will also be resolved by ascertaining how a

reasonable insurance policy purchaser would construe the clause at the time the

                                                                                       1St
insurance contract was entered.     Fleniken v. Entergy Corp., 99- 3023 ( La. App.

Cir. 2/ 16/ 01),   790 So. 2d 64, 69 n.4, writs denied, 2001- 1269 and 2001- 1295 ( La.

6115/ 2001), 793 So. 2d 1250 and 1252. The determination of whether a contract is

clear or ambiguous is a question of law. Watts v. Aetna Cas. and Sur. Co., 574

So. 2d 364, 369 ( La. App.    lst Cir.), writ denied, 568 So. 2d 1089 ( La. 1990).

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Discussion

        Travelers,   in support of its motion for summary judgment,                    offered the

affidavit of Kenneth Kupec, a document manager employed by Travelers, with a

true and correct copy of Travelers' insurance policy issued to Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum attached thereto.           According to the affidavit of Mr. Kupec and its

attachments, Travelers could not locate a policy issued to LSU that was in effect at

any time during 2016; however, it did issue a commercial insurance policy bearing

policy number 660- 675X4785 to the named insured, Friends of Hilltop Arboretum,

which was in effect from September 29, 2015, through September 29, 2016. The

location schedule for the policy lists the address as " 11855 Highland Road, Baton

Rouge, LA 70810"        and the occupancy is described as "          Park."   The general liability

portion of the policy contains a declarations premium schedule, which indicates

that a premium was paid for, among other things, "               Gift Shops — Not -For -Profit

Only"    and "   Parks or Playgrounds."           The policy contains standard language

providing for coverage for bodily injury and property damage liability. The policy

expressly defines,      in part,   an "   Insured contract"   as "   A contract for a lease of

premises."

        The policy also contains a number of endorsements.                    Pertinent herein are

three endorsements: the "        Charity First — Amendment           of Coverage — Who is an

Insured"   endorsement ("    Charity First Endorsement");            the " Xtend Endorsement";

and   the "   Not -Far -Profit     Entity    Amendatory Endorsement" ("             Not -for -Profit

Endorsement").

        The Charity First Endorsement amends the definition of "Who is an Insured"

to include " Person( s)    or organization( s),      whether or not shown in the Schedule

above, but only with respect to their liability arising out of.... [ t]he ownership,

maintenance or use of that part of a premises leased to you ...."

        The Xtend Endorsement contains similar language to the Charity First

Endorsement,      and   amends "    Who is an Insured" to "          include as an insured any

                                                 7
person or organization ( referred to below as ` additional insured')           with whom you

have agreed in a written contract, executed prior to loss, to name as an additional

insured, but only with respect to liability arising out of the ownership, maintenance

or use of that part of any premises leased to you ...."

       The Not -For -Profit Endorsement expands " Who is an Insured" to include:

       Any person or organization that you have agreed in a written contract
       or agreement to include as an additional insured on this Coverage Part
       is an insured, but only with respect to liability for " bodily injury"         or

         property damage" that:

       1    Occurs after you have signed and executed that contract or
       agreement; and

       2 Is caused,        in whole or in part, by your acts or omissions in the
      performance of your ongoing operations to which the written contract
       or agreement applies or the acts or omissions of any person or
       organization performing such operations on your behalf

       Travelers also offered the affidavit of Amy Hughes,                  an   administrative

assistant and the custodian of records for Friends of Hilltop Arboretum, with a true

and correct copy of the " Lease Agreement for Hilltop Arboretum Building"

between LSU and Friends of Hilltop Arboretum (" the Lease Agreement")                 attached

thereto.    According to the Lease Agreement, it was entered into as of March 19,

2001, and in reference to the "      Hilltop Facility,"   i.e.,   the Arboretum facility.   The

specific terms of the Lease Agreement provide, in pertinent part, as follows:

       1.      Use of Hilltop Facility

               a.     In consideration for the opportunities and benefits that
               Friends[ of Hilltop Arboretum' s] work at the Hilltop Facility
               provides to LSU, its students and faculty and for the valuable
               consideration set forth herein including but not limited to the
               donation made by Friends [ of Hilltop Arboretum] to the LSU
               Foundation for the construction of the Hilltop Facility, LSU
               hereby leases to Friends [ of Hilltop Arboretum] the exclusive
               use of the following areas to be located in the Hilltop Facility
               and access thereto:

                      i.       Gift Shop
                      ii.      Office Facility

                The Gift Shop and Office Facility are reflected and designated
               as such on Exhibit 1 hereto)

                                                 8
        herein " Leased Areas")

       b.     Furthermore,     LSU hereby grants to Friends [ of Hilltop
       Arboretum] the nonexclusive use of the remaining areas to be
       located in the Hilltop Facility (herein " Joint Areas") and access
       thereto to fulfill the mission of Friends [ of Hilltop Arboretum]
       and to provide programs and functions which benefit LSU,
       subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.                   The
       priority for the scheduling and cooperative use of the portion of
       the Joint Areas shall be as follows:

       First Priority:         School of Landscape and Architecture
       Second Priority:        College of Design and University Generally
       Third Priority:         Friends of [Hilltop] Arboretum

2.     Rent

As rent for this lease, Friends [ of Hilltop Arboretum] shall pay to LSU
Ten and 01100 Dollars ($        10. 00) per year payable on July 10 of each
year of this Agreement.

3.     Utilities and General Maintenance

       a.    LSU agrees to provide utilities,          maintenance   and     general

             custodial    services    for Hilltop Facility,   and    Friends [    of

             Hilltop Arboretum] shall reimburse LSU for that portion of
             the utility, maintenance and custodial expenses which are
             attributable to Friends [    of Hilltop Arboretum' s]     use of the

             office area and the gift shop ....

                                         Emma

4.     Insurance and Indemnification

       a. Friends [ of Hilltop Arboretum] shall maintain at all times
       during any Agreement hereunder, insurance with Louisiana
       authorized insurers as follows:

                ii. Comprehensive General Liability, including Personal
                Injury Liability [C] overage - $ 1, 000, 000.
                iii. [LSU,] its officers, officials, employees, agents and
                volunteers are to be named as additional insureds.

7.     Term and Termination

       The initial term of this Agreement shall be twenty ( 20)                years

from   the    Effective    Date      hereof.    This   Agreement     shall    renew
thereafter for six ( 6) additional terms of five ( 5)       years each without

any further action of the parties ....

                                          0
       The affidavit of Ms. Hughes established that she was familiar with the

incident that occurred on April 2, 2016, which was the subject of this litigation,

and that the restroom where this incident occurred was located in the " Joint Areas"

as provided for in the Lease Agreement, not in the " Leased Areas."       Ms. Hughes

further stated that Friends of Hilltop Arboretum was not responsible for the

inspection, maintenance, or repair of the gift shop, the office, or the Joint Areas,

and that prior to the incident, she was not aware of any complaints concerning the

restroom door, including whether the door closed too hard or too fast.

      Travelers also relied on the deposition testimony of Peggy Coates, who is

employed by LSU as the director of the Arboretum facility. Ms. Coates' testimony

confirmed that the restroom where the incident occurred was located in the area in

which Friends of Hilltop Arboretum had non-exclusive use.           Ms. Coates also

confirmed that LSU handled all of the routine maintenance at the Arboretum

facility, and that prior to the incident at issue, she was not aware of any problems

with the door to the women' s restroom closing too hard or too fast.

      Lastly, Travelers relied on the deposition testimony of Robert Howard

Benton, Jr.,   the associate director of facility maintenance for LSU.    Mr. Benton

testified that the area over which he was in charge included the Arboretum facility.

Mr. Benton explained that LSU did not have a schedule for checking the door

closers at the Arboretum facility and that LSU only made adjustments to doors on

its properties either in response to a request for an adjustment or a report that a

door was not closing properly.       Mr.   Benton testified that Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum had no general maintenance responsibilities at the Arboretum facility,

nor was it responsible for the maintenance of the restroom door at issue in this suit.

      Based on this evidence, Travelers argues that under the terms of the Lease

Agreement, Friends of Hilltop Arboretum only leased the gift shop and the office;

it did not lease the " Joint Areas," which is where the restroom door involved in

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Mrs. Hebert' s accident was located.        Thus, Travelers contends that the restroom

was not located in " that part of the premises leased to"               Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum, and as such, LSU is not covered as an additional insured under either

the Charity First Endorsement or the Xtend Endorsement.             Travelers also contends

that since Friends of Hilltop Arboretum was dismissed and the evidence establishes

that it was not obligated under the Lease Agreement to inspect, maintain, or repair

the restroom door, LSU is not covered as an additional insured under the Not -For -

Profit Endorsement, because Mrs. Hebert' s injuries were not " caused in whole or

in part by [ Friends of Hilltop Arboretum' s] acts or omissions in the performance of

 its] ongoing operations."

       In opposition to the motion for summary judgment,               LSU' relied on the

deposition testimony of Ms. Hughes and Ms. Coates, as well as an affidavit by Ms.

Coates.     According to the deposition of Ms. Hughes, under the Lease Agreement,

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum is entitled to use the entire fourteen -acre Arboretum

facility. She explained that the Arboretum facility is open to the public and that it

can also be rented out.         Ms. Coates testified that, although LSU owns the

Arboretum facility, Friends of Hilltop Arboretum operates it and collects money by

renting out the Arboretum facility for events, such as the wedding attended by Mrs.

Hebert.     The evidence further shows that when Friends of Hilltop Arboretum

rented out the Arboretum facility for events, the office space and the gift shop were

not included;    instead, Friends of Hilltop Arboretum only rented out the "            Joint

Areas" or the areas in which it has non- exclusive use under the Lease Agreement.

Ms. Hughes explained that LSU is not required by the Lease Agreement to approve

any rentals of the " Joint Areas" for special events; instead, Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum provides its rental paperwork to interested parties, enters into the rental

agreements with those        interested parties,   and Friends of Hilltop Arboretum

2 The record before us does not contain the opposition to the motion for summary judgment that
was filed by the plaintiffs in response to Travelers'   August 5,   2021 motion for summary
judgment.

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provides workers for the events.          Ms. Hughes also explained that LSU does not

receive any funds from the special events.                Ms. Coates stated that the Lease

Agreement required Friends of Hilltop Arboretum to name LSU as an insured

under Friends of Hilltop Arboretum' s liability policy of insurance.

        Ms. Hughes also explained that the time of the wedding and accident in this

case, the Arboretum facility was not open to the public, but it was in the control of

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum, that contract part-time workers of Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum were present at the wedding and were there to " unlock                  doors, [ to] turn

on lights,"   to help with the thermostat, to "       make sure everything [       was]   left as it

was found,"     and to help lock up at the end of the event.

        Based on our de novo review of the documents offered in support of and in

opposition to Travelers'       motion for summary judgment, we find, based on the

undisputed material facts, that the Travelers'              policy with Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum may reasonably be interpreted to provide additional insured coverage to

LSU for the plaintiffs' claims.       Therefore, summary judgment was not appropriate

as a matter of law.      There is no dispute that LSU owns the Arboretum facility and

that it entered into a Lease Agreement with Friends of Hilltop Arboretum.                  A lease

is defined in La. C. C. art. 2668 as "     a synallagmatic[ 3] contract by which one party,

the lessor, binds himself to give the other party, the lessee, the use and enjoyment

of a thing for a term in exchange for a rent that the lessee binds himself to pay."

The Lease Agreement, which was effective as of March 19, 2001, was for the use

of the entire Arboretum facility by Friends of Hilltop Arboretum for an initial term

of twenty years ( and thereafter for six additional terms of five years) and the rent to

be paid by Friends of Hilltop Arboretum was the sum of $10. 00                    per year.    The

specific provisions of the Lease Agreement provided Friends of Hilltop Arboretum

with the exclusive use of the gift shop and office facility, which were subsequently

3
   See La. C.C. art. 1908 ( providing that "[ a] contract is bilateral, or synallagmatic, when the
parties obligate themselves reciprocally, so that the obligation of each party is correlative to the
obligation of the other").

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referred to therein as     the " Leased Areas,"   and the non- exclusive use of the

remaining areas, which were subsequently referred to as the " Joint Areas."        The

Lease Agreement also required LSU to maintain the Arboretum facility and

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum to maintain liability insurance, with LSU named as

an additional insured.

        It is also undisputed that the restroom door involved in the accident that

caused the plaintiffs' injuries was located in the area of the Arboretum facility that

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum had non-exclusive use of, i.e.,       the " Joint Areas."

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum is the named insured on the Travelers' policy, and
the Travelers'   policy identifies the insured premises as 11855 Highland Road,

which is the location of the Arboretum facility; the policy also describes the area

covered by the policy as " Park."

        Pursuant to the Charity First Endorsement, an insured also includes a person

or organization with respect to their liability arising out of ownership, maintenance

or use of "that part of a premises leased to you." Likewise, the Xtend Endorsement

provides that an additional insured also includes a person or organization with

whom you have agreed in a written contract, executed prior to loss, to name as an

additional   insured,   with respect to their liability arising out of ownership,

maintenance or use of "    that part of any premises leased to you."    The words in

those phrases must be interpreted in accordance with its generally prevailing

meaning. See La. C. C. art. 2047.

        Applying the generally prevailing meaning of the term "    lease," as set forth

in La. C. C. art. 2668 ( a contract for the use of a thing for a term in exchange for a

rent)   and the specific terms of the Lease Agreement, the phrase " that part of

a/any] premises leased to you" must be interpreted to include all areas of the

Arboretum facilityboth the area which Friends of Hilltop Arboretum had

exclusive use of (the area referenced as " Leased Areas" in the Lease Agreement)

                                          13
and the area which it had non- exclusive use of (the area referenced as " Joint

Areas" in the Lease Agreement).

       Thus, because LSU undisputedly owns and maintains the Arboretum facility,

LSU leases to Friends of Hilltop Arboretum all areas of the Arboretum facility, and

the plaintiffs' claims arise out of LSU' s liability for the ownership, maintenance,

and use of the Arboretum facility, the Charity First Endorsement may be

reasonably interpreted to provide coverage to LSU, as an additional insured, for the

plaintiffs'   claims.    For   this   same    reason,    the Xtend Endorsement may be

reasonably interpreted to provide coverage to LSU as an additional insured for the

plaintiffs'   claims—
                        the Lease Agreement between LSU and Friends of Hilltop

Arboretum is a written contract that was executed prior to the accident that caused

the plaintiffs'   injuries, required Friends of Hilltop Arboretum to name LSU as an

additional insured, and the plaintiffs'       claims arise out of LSU' s liability for the

ownership, maintenance, or use of the Arboretum facility. Lastly, the Not -For -

Profit Endorsement may also be reasonably interpreted to include LSU as an

additional insured, as the Lease Agreement, which was executed prior to the

accident that caused the plaintiffs' injuries, required Friends of Hilltop Arboretum

to include LSU as a named insured and the plaintiffs' injuries arise out of the acts

of Friends of Hilltop Arboretum in the performance of its ongoing operations at the

Arboretum facility, i.e., renting out the Arboretum facility for special events, such

as the wedding event at issue herein.

       Despite     LSU' s   ownership    of    and      responsibility   for   maintaining   the

Arboretum facility, and the specific provisions of the Lease Agreement discussed

herein, Travelers argues that LSU is not covered as an insured for the plaintiffs'

claims under the Charity First Endorsement or the Xtend Endorsement because the

restroom door involved in the accident was not in " that part of the premises leased"

to Friends of Hilltop Arboretum. In doing so, Travelers suggests that only the

areas which Friends of Hilltop Arboretum had exclusive use of, and which were

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referred to in the Lease Agreement as " Leased Areas," were part of the "                premises

leased"       by Friends of Hilltop Arboretum.        However, this interpretation of the

policy is simply not reasonable and would require us to ignore the generally

prevailing meaning of the term " lease,"       i.e., a contract for the "   use"   of a thing for a

term in exchange for rent,          and the provisions of the Lease Agreement giving

Friends of Hilltop Arboretum non-exclusive "              use"   of the remaining or " Joint

Areas"    of the Arboretum facility. Travelers' suggested interpretation of the policy

would also require us to interpret the phrase "       that part of [a/ any] premises leased"

to Friends of Hilltop Arboretum to mean that part of the premises leased

exclusively to Friends of Hilltop Arboretum; however, such interpretation would

require us to read language into the policy that is not there. Lastly, it would also

require us to ignore what Travelers described as the leased premises ( 11855

Highland Road) and the area covered (" Park")            in the policy. Limiting coverage to

only the areas that Friends of Hilltop Arboretum had exclusive use of (the gift shop

and   office)
                  would lead to the absurd conclusion of restricting coverage to

considerably less areas than what was reasonably contemplated by the parties

based on the clear language of the policy.

        Therefore,       because   the   language   of    Travelers'   policy      is   clear   and

unambiguous, the policy must be enforced as written. Since the policy may be

reasonably interpreted to provide coverage to LSU for the plaintiffs'                      claims,

summary judgment determining a lack of coverage for LSU under the Travelers'

policy was inappropriate.           Accordingly, the trial court' s judgment granting

Travelers' motion for summary judgment and dismissing, with prejudice, all of the

plaintiffs' claims against Travelers is hereby reversed.

                                         CONCLUSION

        For all of the above and foregoing reasons, the June 29, 2022 judgment of

the   trial    court,   granting summary judgment in favor of Travelers Indemnity

Company of Connecticut and dismissing the claims of the plaintiffs, Laurie B.

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Hebert, individually, and Kevin Hebert, individually and on behalf of his minor
son,   Robert Seth Hebert, is reversed and this matter is remanded for further

proceedings.

       All costs of this appeal are assessed to Travelers Indemnity Company of
Connecticut.

REVERSED AND REMANDED.

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