Court Opinion

ID: 6321444
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-03-09 16:02:52.581185+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:08:15.126428
License: Public Domain

DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA
                              FOURTH DISTRICT

                PEOPLE’S TRUST INSURANCE COMPANY,
                             Appellant,

                                     v.

            FIRST CALL 24/7, INC. a/a/o MICHELE BAOBERG,
                               Appellee.

                              No. 4D21-1504

                              [March 9, 2022]

   Appeal from the Circuit Court for the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit,
Broward County; Carlos A. Rodriguez, Judge; L.T. Case No. CACE17-
018017.

   Mark D. Tinker and Mary Lou Cuellar-Stilo of Cole, Scott & Kissane,
P.A. Tampa, for appellant.

   Earl I. Higgs, Jr. of Higgs Law, P.A., Orlando, for appellee.

GROSS, J.

    We reverse an award of damages under a homeowner’s insurance policy
to the assignee of a homeowner because the homeowner failed to comply
with a preferred contractor endorsement in the insurance policy.

                                   Facts

    The homeowner suffered water damage to her home. Her insurance
policy with appellant People’s Trust Insurance Company contained a
preferred contractor endorsement. She notified People’s Trust of the
damage. After an inspection, People’s Trust advised the homeowner that
(1) coverage existed for her claim, and (2) pursuant to the endorsement,
the company elected to use its preferred contractor to complete repairs.

   The homeowner used appellee First Call 24/7, Inc., to make the repairs.
People’s Trust paid $6,800 to First Call for emergency services. People’s
Trust requested the homeowner to complete a work authorization for the
remaining repairs, so that its preferred contractor could commence
restoration services. The homeowner never authorized the work and
People’s Trust told her that she was in breach of the insurance contract.

   First Call submitted an invoice to People’s Trust for $19,863.96 for
restoration services. People’s Trust did not pay the bill, so First Call
brought suit as the assignee of the homeowner. Both sides filed motions
for summary judgment. The trial court denied the insurer’s motion and
granted First Call’s, entering judgment for $10,988.02.

                              Legal Analysis

   “The election-to-repair endorsement has been an established option for
various Florida residential insurance policy forms for several years.”
People’s Tr. Ins. Co. v. Franco, 305 So. 3d 579, 582 (Fla. 3d DCA 2020).
“Under Florida law, ‘when the insurer makes its election to repair, that
election is binding upon the insured and creates a new contract under
which the insurer is bound to [perform repairs] within a reasonable time.’”
Vainberg v. Avatar Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co., 321 So. 3d 231, 235 (Fla. 4th DCA
2021) (quoting Drew v. Mobile USA Ins. Co., 920 So. 2d 832, 835 (Fla. 4th
DCA 2006)). Once “the option to repair has been invoked, the insured and
the insurer would become parties to a separate repair contract wherein
the insurer is obligated to perform repairs which will adequately return the
insured property to its pre-loss condition.” Id. (citing Siegle v. Progressive
Consumers Ins. Co., 819 So. 2d 732, 739 (Fla. 2002)).

   The homeowner reported her loss on May 1, 2017. People’s Trust
inspected the property on May 4, 2017. On May 25, 2017, within 30 days
of the inspection, People’s Trust timely notified the homeowner that (1)
there was coverage for her reported loss, (2) People’s Trust invoked its
option to indemnify the homeowner by means of repair, and (3) People’s
Trust elected to use its preferred contractor to repair the property.

   Because People’s Trust timely invoked its option to repair, a new repair
contract was formed binding the homeowner and obligating People’s
Trust’s preferred contractor to perform the repairs within a reasonable
time. People’s Tr. Ins. Co. v. Tosar, 46 Fla. L. Weekly D2651, 2021 WL
5912737, at *6 (Fla. 3d DCA Dec. 15, 2021).

   Once People’s Trust exercised its option to repair, the homeowner was
bound to execute all work authorizations to allow contractors and related
parties entry to the property and to pay the deductible stated in the
declaration page of the policy, pursuant to express conditions in the policy.
The homeowner failed to execute the work authorization in spite of three

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requests by People’s Trust. Such a failure was a material breach of the
policy.

   We reject the argument that post-loss duty number 51 obligated
People’s Trust to pay First Call the amount it would have paid its preferred
contractor for the repairs. Post-loss duty number 5 applies only when the
insured fails to notify the insurer of a loss and this failure to notify
disallows the insurer from exercising its right to repair.

   We agree with the analysis of post-loss duty number 5 in People’s Trust
Insurance Co. v. Tosar. There, the Third District analyzed that provision
and determined that the insureds were not entitled to either hire their “own
contractor to effectuate the repairs or to obtain a loss payment” when
“People’s Trust ha[d] exercised its right-to-repair option.” 2021 WL
5912737, at *7.

   The Tosar court explained that “to obtain money damages for repairs,”
the insureds “must plead and prove – and the trial court must find – either
that People’s Trust improperly exercised the right to repair or that the
endorsement is otherwise invalid, and that People’s Trust breached the
insurance contract.” Id. at *6 (quoting People’s Tr. Ins. Co. v. Santos, 320
So. 3d 910, 918 (Fla. 3d DCA 2021)); see also, e.g., Diaz v. Fla. Peninsula
Ins. Co., 204 So. 3d 460, 462 (Fla. 4th DCA 2016); Robinson v. Fla.
Peninsula Ins. Co., 178 So. 3d 947, 948 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015).

    Regarding the argument that post-loss duty number 5 entitled First
Call to what People’s Trust would have paid its preferred contractor for
repairs, the Tosar court applied canons of contract construction and found
that post-loss duty number 5, although “not a model of clarity,” “is not
ambiguous,” and “merely limits People’s Trust’s liability in the event the
insureds fail to provide notice to People’s Trust so as to frustrate the
insurer’s ability to exercise its right-to-repair option.” 2021 WL 5912737,
at *7. The Tosar court further explained:

      Specifically, the provision’s limitation on People’s Trust’s
      liability applies only when the insureds fail to “notify” People’s
      Trust prior to authorizing or commencing work “and” this
      failure to notify acts to “[dis]allow” People’s Trust from
      exercising its right-to-repair option. In this case, because the
      insureds did notify People’s Trust of the loss so as to allow
      People’s Trust to exercise its bargained-for right-to-repair

1This duty is located at SECTION I – CONDITIONS, C. Duties After Loss of the
preferred contractor endorsement.

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        option, and People’s Trust did exercise its right-to-repair
        option, this provision is simply inapplicable.

        Contrary to the insureds’ suggestion, this provision does not
        authorize an insured, after People’s Trust has exercised its
        right-to-repair option, either to hire its own contractor to
        effectuate the repairs or to obtain a loss payment. Indeed,
        such a construction of the provision – viewed in isolation from
        the policy’s other operative provisions – would both (i) upend
        the insurer’s right-to-repair option and (ii) render meaningless
        the policy endorsement’s clear mandate that when People’s
        Trust exercises its right-to-repair option, such repair is in lieu
        of issuing any loss payment that would otherwise be due
        under the policy.

Id.

   Here, like the insureds in Tosar, the homeowner timely notified People’s
Trust of the loss. People’s Trust, in both cases, timely exercised its right-
to-repair option. Like the insureds in Tosar, First Call did not allege in the
complaint, or offer evidence in support of its motion for summary
judgment, that People’s Trust improperly exercised the right to repair or
that the endorsement was otherwise invalid. Therefore, the trial court’s
award of a loss payment for repairs must be reversed. Id. at *6.

    Here, the homeowner breached the policy by failing to execute the work
authorization form and circumventing the explicit terms of the policy by
hiring First Call to perform the non-emergency repairs. To allow the loss
payment “would both (i) upend the insurer’s right-to-repair option and (ii)
render meaningless the policy endorsement’s clear mandate that when
People’s Trust exercises its right-to-repair option, such repair is in lieu of
issuing any loss payment that would otherwise be due under the policy.”
Id. at *7; see also People’s Tr. Ins. Co. v. Amaro, 319 So. 3d 747, 753 (Fla.
3d DCA 2021).

   We reverse the money judgment in favor of First Call and remand for
entry of final judgment in favor of People’s Trust. See Amaro, 319 So. 3d
at 753 (reversing money judgment in favor of the insured and remanding
the case for entry of judgment in favor of People’s Trust).

      Reversed and remanded.

CONNER, C.J., and MAY, J., concur.

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                      *        *        *

Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.

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