Court Opinion

ID: 9394475
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-05-15 16:02:30.534012+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:19:00.422690
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                            MAY 15 2023
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

DEAN C. RODRIGUEZ,                               No.   20-16391

              Plaintiff-Appellant,               D.C. No.
                                                 2:14-cv-01049-MCE-KJN
 v.

SHELLY MATIS; FRED FOULK,                        MEMORANDUM*
Warden; R. ST. ANDRE; JEFFREY A.
BEARD; MATTHEW CATE; MIKE D.
MCDONALD; D. PEDDICORD; W.
WILSON; KRAFT; J. FLAHERTY,

              Defendants-Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Eastern District of California
                 Morrison C. England, Jr., District Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted May 11, 2023**

Before: FERNANDEZ, SILVERMAN, and NR SMITH, Circuit Judges

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      Dean Rodriguez, a California inmate, appeals from the district court’s

judgment, following a remand from this court. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28

U.S.C. § 1291. We review the dismissal and summary judgment de novo, Johnson

v. Ryan, 55 F.4th 1167, 1179 (9th Cir. 2022), and affirm.

      The district court acted within its discretion on remand by reconsidering the

previously, improperly dismissed claims. See Allen v. Meyer, 755 F.3d 866, 869

(9th Cir. 2014) (holding that the district judge has the discretion to either

personally address the claims or construe the magistrate judge’s prior order as a

report and recommendation, allow objections, and then review de novo). The

district court was not required to reconsider dispositive orders issued by the district

judge prior to remand.

      The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying leave to file a third

amended complaint after Rodriguez failed to cure the deficiencies identified by the

district court when it previously dismissed with leave to amend. The district court

had “particularly broad” discretion to deny leave to amend in light of the previous

amendment. Chodos v. W. Publ’g Co., 292 F.3d 992, 1003 (9th Cir. 2002)

(internal quotation marks omitted).

      Rodriguez has not established that he was prejudiced by the district court’s

handling of discovery. See Hallett v. Morgan, 296 F.3d 732, 751 (9th Cir. 2002)

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(requiring that the party make the “clearest showing” of “actual and substantial

prejudice” from the denial of any specific discovery by the district court) (internal

quotation marks omitted).

      Summary judgment was proper for the retaliation claim because Rodriguez

failed to offer evidence to establish that Matis’s acts did not reasonably advance a

legitimate correctional goal. See Jones v. N. Carolina Prisoners’ Labor Union,

Inc., 433 U.S. 119, 132-33 (1977) (prisons have a legitimate penological interest in

preserving order between inmates and prison officials in light of the “ever-present

potential for violent confrontation and conflagration” and may make reasonable

limitations to reduce confrontations); Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 1108, 1115 (9th

Cir. 2012) (an action does not reasonably advance a legitimate correctional goal

when it is arbitrary and capricious or “unnecessary to the maintenance and order in

the institution.”) (internal quotation marks omitted). Contrary to Rodriguez’s

assertion, his public argument with his supervising librarian in front of other

inmates, which violated his signed job description, was very different from the

written grievance in Brodheim v. Cry, 584 F.3d 1262, 1272-73 (9th Cir. 2009).

Moreover, the fact that Rodriguez believed that he could give legal advice is not

material in this case. Any right he has to provide advice to other inmates is limited

by the same security considerations. See Shaw v. Murphy, 532 U.S. 223, 231-32

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(2001) (holding that inmates do not have a First Amendment right to provide legal

assistance to fellow inmates “beyond protection normally accorded to prisoner’s

speech”).

      The district court properly dismissed the lock down claims not specifically

linked to any named defendant. See Arnold v. Int’l Bus. Machs., 637 F.2d 1350,

1355 (9th Cir. 1981) (section 1983 causation “can be established by showing that

the defendant personally participated in a deprivation of the plaintiff’s rights, or

caused such a deprivation to occur”). The access to the courts claims failed to

allege that library limitations caused an actual injury to a non-frivolous claim. See

Lewis v. Casey, 518 U.S. 343, 353 (1996) (holding that the limitation must cause

an actual injury to a “nonfrivolous legal claim”); Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S.

403, 416 (2002) (holding that the facts of the underlying claim must be alleged

“well enough to apply the nonfrivolous test and to show that the arguable nature of

the underlying claim is more than hope.”) (internal quotation marks omitted).

       Rodriguez has waived any challenge to his voluntary dismissal of his lock

down claim against defendants Foulk and St. Andre and his claim alleging that

Matis retaliated against him by limiting his library access. See Arpin v. Santa

Clara Valley Transp. Agency, 261 F.3d 912, 919 (9th Cir. 2001) (“[I]ssues which

are not specifically and distinctly argued and raised in party’s opening brief are

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waived”). We decline to consider issues raised for the first time in the reply brief

and for the first time on appeal. See Costanich v. Dep’t of Social & Health Servs.,

627 F.3d 1101, 1117 (9th Cir. 2010) (issues and claims not raised to the district

court or in the opening brief have been waived). Nor do we consider evidence not

before the district court when it ruled on the motion for summary judgment.

Kirshner v. Uniden Corp. of Am., 842 F.2d 1074, 1077 (9th Cir. 1988).

        Appellees’ Joint Motion for Judicial Notice (Dkt. Entry No. 39) is

GRANTED. Appellant’s Motion for Judicial Notice (Docket Entry No. 67) is

GRANTED only as to Appendix Exhibit D and DENIED for the remaining

exhibits. Appellant’s Motion to File an Oversized Reply Brief (Dkt. Entry No. 66)

is GRANTED. Appellees’ Motion to Strike (Dkt. Entry No. 69) is DENIED as

moot.

        AFFIRMED.

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