Court Opinion

ID: 9940878
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-15 17:00:42.753158+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:45:59.625059
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        FEB 15 2024
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

PETER SZANTO,                                   No.    20-36086

                Plaintiff-Appellant,            D.C. No. 3:18-cv-00939-SI

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
U.S. TRUSTEE’S OFFICE, et al.,

                Defendants-Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                            for the District of Oregon
                   Michael H. Simon, District Judge, Presiding

                          Submitted February 15, 2024**

Before: O’SCANNLAIN, FERNANDEZ, and SILVERMAN, Circuit Judges.

      Peter Szanto appeals pro se from the district court’s order affirming the

bankruptcy court’s order dismissing Szanto’s claims against JPMorgan Chase Bank,

N.A. and Bank of America, N.A. in an adversarial proceeding. We have jurisdiction

under 28 U.S.C. § 158(d). We review de novo the district court’s decision on appeal

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
from the bankruptcy court and apply the same standards of review applied by the

district court.1 In re Thorpe Insulation Co., 677 F.3d 869, 879 (9th Cir. 2012). We

affirm.

      The bankruptcy court did not abuse its discretion by denying Szanto’s motion

to add an indispensable party, because the supposed indispensability of the party in

question was based on a theory of fraud not supported by Oregon common law. See

In re Estate of Schwarz, 206 Or. App. 20, 38-39, 135 P.3d 409, 422 (2006).

      The bankruptcy court did not cause actual and substantial prejudice to Szanto

by denying his two motions to compel against Bank of America, N.A. The denial of

the first motion to compel did not result actual and substantial prejudice, because the

bankruptcy court made that denial contingent on Bank of America, N.A. producing

the requested material to Szanto within 14 days. The denial of the second motion to

compel did not result actual and substantial prejudice, because the district court

reasonably found that Szanto’s interrogatory served no legitimate purpose, and

instead sought irrelevant or redundant information.

      The denial of terminal sanctions was not an abuse of discretion, because Bank

of America, N.A. made good faith efforts to comply to with the court’s earlier order,

and did not demonstrate willfulness, fault, or bad faith. See R & R Sails, Inc. v. Ins.

1
  With one exception: We review the bankruptcy court’s denials of Szanto’s two
motions to compel under the standard of actual and substantial prejudice, rather
than the abuse of discretion standard applied by the district court.

                                          2
Co. of Pennsylvania, 673 F.3d 1240, 1247 (9th Cir. 2012); Applied Underwriters,

Inc. v. Lichtenegger, 913 F.3d 884, 891 (9th Cir. 2019).

      The bankruptcy court did not abuse its discretion by denying Szanto’s motions

for disqualification of the bankruptcy judge. We reject as unsupported by the record

Szanto’s contentions concerning bias of the bankruptcy judge or that the judge’s

impartiality might reasonably be questioned. See 28 U.S.C. § 455(a).

      We do not consider arguments raised for the first time on appeal or matters

not specifically and distinctly raised and argued in the opening brief. See Padgett v.

Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985 n.2 (9th Cir. 2009).

      AFFIRMED.

                                          3