Court Opinion

ID: 4192109
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-08-02 22:14:28.805391+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:40:09.725861
License: Public Domain

Opinion issued August 1, 2017

                                   In The

                            Court of Appeals
                                  For The

                        First District of Texas
                           ————————————
                            NO. 01-16-00649-CV
                          ———————————
CASTILLO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES, LLC, Appellant
                                     V.
                          DYONYX, L.P., Appellee

                  On Appeal from the 129th District Court
                           Harris County, Texas
                     Trial Court Case No. 2015-35885

                                OPINION

      Appellant, Castillo Information Technology Services, LLC, sued appellee,

Dyonyx, L.P., for breach of contract and promissory estoppel arising out of an

agreement to provide telecommunications connectivity services.   Both parties
moved for summary judgment, disputing whether the purchase order at issue was for

a fixed five-year term or whether it could be terminated upon thirty days’ written

notice, as the parties’ underlying consultant agreement provided. The trial court

denied Castillo’s summary judgment motion, granted Dyonyx’s summary judgment

motion, and dismissed Castillo’s claims with prejudice. In one issue, Castillo

contends that the trial court erred in its summary judgment rulings because the

purchase order under which Castillo provided its services did not incorporate the

thirty-day termination provision contained within the consultant agreement.

      We affirm.

                                     Background

      Castillo and Dyonyx are both information technology consulting firms located

in the Houston area. In July 2014, Dyonyx entered into a contract with the City of

Houston to provide various telecommunications services, including the installation

of internet circuits and connections between data centers located in Austin and Bryan

as well as additional services including system hosting and support.

      On July 18, 2014, Dyonyx and Castillo entered into a Consultant Agreement,

in which Dyonyx agreed “to retain the services of [Castillo] to assist it in discharging

its obligations to its clients and to perform such other services as it may require from

time to time.” The Consultant Agreement provided that its term was post-dated to

begin on July 8, 2014, and end on July 7, 2019, or five years later. The Consultant

                                           2
Agreement provided that Dyonyx could terminate the agreement earlier in three

situations: (1) Dyonyx could dismiss Castillo for “cause” upon written notice to

Castillo; (2) Dyonyx could terminate the contract with or without cause upon thirty

days’ written notice to Castillo; or (3) Dyonyx could terminate the contract

immediately upon written notice from Dyonyx’s client, if Dyonyx’s client

terminated its contract with Dyonyx.

      In the Consultant Agreement, Castillo agreed to “develop for the benefit of

[Dyonyx] certain services on a project basis” during the contractual term. The

Consultant Agreement provided: “The scope of each project or any other projects

agreed upon by the parties shall be identified in a Purchase Order (“PO”) and

Statement of Work (“SOW”).” Attached to the Consultant Agreement as Exhibit A

was a “Statement of Work.” The Statement of Work provided that Dyonyx’s client

was the City of Houston Public Works and Engineering Department, that the

location of the assignment was Austin and Bryan, and that the services to be

performed were telecommunications and connectivity services, with no labor

required. The Statement of Work also provided that purchase orders would be issued

on an annual basis, with the “base period” running from July 8, 2014, through July

7, 2015, and with “option periods” for each of the next four years, with the final

option period ending July 7, 2019. The Statement of Work listed the “Firm Fixed

                                         3
Price (Ceiling)” as $457,936.20, to be invoiced monthly in an amount of $7,632.27

over a sixty-month period.

      On the same day the parties executed the Consultant Agreement, Dyonyx

issued a Purchase Order to Castillo for a year’s worth of services under Dyonyx’s

contract with the City of Houston, beginning July 8, 2014, and ending July 7, 2015.

The Purchase Order stated the following under “Description of Item”:

      Firm Fixed Price – Annual Fee for Telecommunications/Connectivity
      Services for a 1.5GB Ethernet Burstable 1.5 Gig Ethernet Internet
      Circuit for the Data Foundry Data Center in Austin and Ethernet Line
      1 Gig connection between the Data Centers in Data Foundry (Austin)
      and Fibertown (Bryan) in support of the CoH Public Works and
      Engineering Dept. – Electronic Plan Review Project.

This description was identical to a description of Castillo’s services to be provided

to Dyonyx that was contained in the Statement of Work. The Purchase Order

provided that a month’s worth of services1 cost $7,632.27, for a total of $91,587.24

for the year. The Purchase Order stated, “Total amount of this purchase order sets

forth the entire payment required.” Under “Justification,” the Purchase Order stated:

      Under the Terms and Conditions of the fully executed Consultant
      Agreement #00603 between DYONYX and [Castillo]. This is a Firm
      Fixed Price 5 year contract, but DYONYX will issue annual PO(s)

1
      The summary judgment record included an affidavit from Talbot Theiss, Vice
      President of Strategic Accounts for Dyonyx, who averred that Castillo provided a
      “service, not a product” to Dyonyx. The Consultant Agreement and purchase order
      required Castillo to “provide data communication circuit services to [Dyonyx] on a
      monthly subscription basis. Those data communication services would then be used
      by [Dyonyx] to provide the City of Houston access to systems that were hosted by
      [Dyonyx].”
                                           4
      base[d] on the CoH PWE annual PO(s) issued against this project. This
      P.O. is not-to-exceed $91,587.24 for the period of performance stated
      above. There are no expenses required on this project.

The Purchase Order was signed by representatives of both Dyonyx and Castillo.

      On November 7, 2014, four months after Dyonyx and Castillo entered into

the Consultant Agreement and Dyonyx issued the Purchase Order to Castillo, the

City of Houston informed Dyonyx that it was terminating the contract that it had

with Dyonyx. The notice provided that, upon receipt, Dyonyx was to “discontinue

all services in connection with” the performance of the contract and to cancel all

existing purchase orders for services that Dyonyx had with vendors such as Castillo.

On December 1, 2014, Dyonyx sent a written notice to Castillo informing it of the

termination of the Purchase Order, effective December 31, 2014. In this notice,

Dyonyx invoked the provision of the Consultant Agreement that allowed it to

terminate the agreement with or without cause upon thirty days’ written notice to

Castillo.

      Castillo subsequently sued Dyonyx for breach of contract and promissory

estoppel. Castillo alleged that the Purchase Order issued by Dyonyx provided that

the contract was a “Firm Fixed Price 5 year contract,” and as a result, Dyonyx could

not rely upon the thirty-day termination provision in the Consultant Agreement to

terminate the Purchase Order after only four months. Castillo further alleged that,

in reliance upon the Purchase Order, it had “entered into firm, fixed-price 5-year

                                         5
contracts as necessary with its suppliers in order to meet [its] commitments to

Dyonyx under the purchase order.” Castillo alleged that Dyonyx had refused to

make the monthly payments of $7,632.27 to Castillo after it terminated the contract,

leaving a total of $427,407 owing to Castillo under the contract.

      Castillo moved for traditional summary judgment on its claims against

Dyonyx. Castillo argued that the Purchase Order provided for twelve monthly

payments of $7,632.27 to Castillo, but the Purchase Order also stated that it was a

“Firm Fixed Price 5 year contract” and that Dyonyx would issue yearly purchase

orders to Castillo pursuant to its contract with the City of Houston. Castillo argued

that nothing in the Purchase Order provided that it could be terminated on thirty-

days’ notice or that the Purchase Order was subject to the termination provisions

contained in the Consultant Agreement. Castillo argued that, instead, the Purchase

Order required Dyonyx to pay Castillo, regardless of whether the City of Houston

terminated its contract with Dyonyx. In its summary judgment motion, Castillo also

noted that although the third-party vendor it had retained to fulfill its contractual

obligations had significantly discounted the invoice it submitted to Castillo after

Dyonyx cancelled the Purchase Order, Castillo had still been required to pay its

vendor $53,425.89, representing a full year’s worth of services. Castillo thus argued

that the trial court should render summary judgment in its favor and award it

                                         6
$53,425.89 in damages and $16,517.66 in attorney’s fees and costs, which it

supported with an affidavit from its counsel.

      Dyonyx also moved for summary judgment, arguing that Castillo could not

prove that Dyonyx breached the Consultant Agreement. Dyonyx argued that the

Consultant Agreement and the Purchase Order were not independent contracts but

instead “expressly incorporate, integrate, and reference the other.” The Consultant

Agreement provided that Dyonyx would issue purchase orders to Castillo and that

the scope of Castillo’s required services would be set out in a purchase order or

statement of work. The Statement of Work attached to the Consultant Agreement

provided that Dyonyx would issue purchase orders on an annual basis. Dyonyx

argued that the Purchase Order that it issued expressly referenced the Consultant

Agreement and stated that it was issued under the terms and conditions of that

agreement. Dyonyx thus argued that “the proper termination of the Consultant

Agreement terminates any purchase orders issued under that Consultant

Agreement,” and it pointed out that the Consultant Agreement allowed it to

terminate the contract upon thirty-days’ written notice and that it was undisputed

that Dyonyx had provided thirty days’ written notice before terminating the contract.

Dyonyx also argued that because the parties had entered into a valid contract—the

Consultant Agreement—Castillo could not recover on its promissory estoppel claim.

                                         7
      The trial court denied Castillo’s motion for summary judgment and granted

Dyonyx’s summary judgment motion, dismissing Castillo’s claims against Dyonyx

with prejudice. Castillo filed a motion for new trial, which was overruled by

operation of law. This appeal followed.

                              Summary Judgment

      In its sole issue, Castillo contends that the trial court erroneously granted

summary judgment in favor of Dyonyx and denied its own summary judgment

motion. Specifically, Castillo contends that the Purchase Order did not incorporate

the thirty-day termination provision contained within the Consultant Agreement;

instead, the Purchase Order provided that the contract term was for five years, and

Dyonyx breached the Purchase Order when it cancelled the Purchase Order after

only four months.

A.    Standard of Review

      We review a trial court’s ruling on a motion for summary judgment de novo.

Mann Frankfort Stein & Lipp Advisors, Inc. v. Fielding, 289 S.W.3d 844, 848 (Tex.

2009). When both parties move for summary judgment and the trial court grants one

motion and denies the other, we review the summary judgment evidence submitted

by both parties and determine all questions presented. Id. We then render the

judgment the trial court should have rendered. Id.

                                          8
      A party moving for traditional summary judgment bears the burden of

demonstrating that no genuine issues of material fact exist and that it is entitled to

judgment as a matter of law. TEX. R. CIV. P. 166a(c); Fielding, 289 S.W.3d at 848.

When a plaintiff moves for summary judgment on its own claim, it must prove that

it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law on each element of its cause of action.

Cleveland v. Taylor, 397 S.W.3d 683, 696–97 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.]

2012, pet. denied); G.C. Bldgs., Inc. v. RGS Contractors, Inc., 188 S.W.3d 739, 741–

42 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2006, no pet.) (stating that if movant establishes right to

judgment as matter of law, burden shifts to nonmovant to raise genuine issue of

material fact or show movant’s legal position is unsound).

B.    Interpretation of the Consultant Agreement and Purchase Order

      To prevail on a breach of contract claim, the plaintiff must establish (1) the

existence of a valid contract; (2) performance or tendered performance by the

plaintiff; (3) breach of the contract by the defendant; and (4) damages sustained by

the plaintiff as a result of the breach. So. Elec. Servs., Inc. v. City of Houston, 355
S.W.3d 319, 323–24 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2011, pet. denied).

      Contract language that can be given a certain or definite meaning is not

ambiguous, and in that situation we construe the contract as a matter of law.

Chrysler Ins. Co. v. Greenspoint Dodge of Houston, Inc., 297 S.W.3d 248, 252 (Tex.

2009). In construing a written contract, our primary concern is to ascertain the true

                                          9
intention of the parties as expressed in the contract. N. Shore Energy v. Harkins,

501 S.W.3d 598, 602 (Tex. 2016) (per curiam); Plains Expl. & Prod. Co. v. Torch

Energy Advisors Inc., 473 S.W.3d 296, 305 (Tex. 2015). “We ‘construe contracts

from a utilitarian standpoint bearing in mind the particular business activity sought

to be served,’ and avoiding unreasonable constructions when possible and proper.”

Plains Expl. & Prod., 473 S.W.3d at 305 (quoting Reilly v. Rangers Mgmt., Inc., 727
S.W.2d 527, 530 (Tex. 1987)). We consider the entire writing, harmonizing and

giving effect to all of the contract provisions so that none of them will be rendered

meaningless. Id.; J.M. Davidson, Inc. v. Webster, 128 S.W.3d 223, 229 (Tex. 2003);

see also Moayedi v. Interstate 35/Chisam Road, L.P., 438 S.W.3d 1, 7 (Tex. 2014)

(“When parties disagree over the meaning of an unambiguous contract, we

determine the parties’ intent by examining the entire agreement.”). “No single

provision taken alone is given controlling effect; rather, each must be considered in

the context of the instrument as a whole.” Plains Expl. & Prod., 473 S.W.3d at 305.

      The Texas Supreme Court has held that “well-established law” provides that

instruments pertaining to the same transaction may be read together to ascertain the

parties’ intent, “even if the parties executed the instruments at different times and

the instruments do not expressly refer to each other.” Fort Worth Indep. Sch. Dist.

v. City of Fort Worth, 22 S.W.3d 831, 840 (Tex. 2000); Owen v. Hendricks, 433
S.W.2d 164, 166 (Tex. 1968) (“[S]everal instruments may be read together when it

                                         10
appears from their terms that they necessarily relate to the same transaction.”); see

also In re Prudential Ins. Co. of Am., 148 S.W.3d 124, 135 (Tex. 2004) (orig.

proceeding) (“[A]greements executed at the same time, with the same purpose, and

as part of the same transaction, are construed together.”). In appropriate instances,

courts may construe all of the documents “as if they were part of a single, unified

instrument.” Fort Worth Indep. Sch. Dist., 22 S.W.3d at 840; Gray & Co. Realtors,

Inc. v. Atl. Hous. Found., Inc., 228 S.W.3d 431, 436 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2007, no

pet.); see also Halliburton Co. v. KBR, Inc., 446 S.W.3d 551, 564 (Tex. App.—

Houston [1st Dist.] 2014, no pet.) (noting, when construing master service

agreement and tax sharing agreement together as one contract, that agreements were

between same parties, were signed five days apart, and were “facets of the same

transaction entered into for the unitary purpose of effectuating the corporate

separation of KBR from Halliburton”).

      Here, the undisputed summary judgment evidence established that Dyonyx

entered into a contract with the City of Houston to provide data circuits and

connectivity services with respect to data centers in Austin and Bryan. To perform

its contractual obligations with the City of Houston, Dyonyx then entered into the

Consultant Agreement with Castillo. This Agreement stated that Dynoyx “deems it

advisable to retain the services of [Castillo] to assist it in discharging its obligations

to its clients and to perform such other services as it may require from time to time.”

                                           11
The parties agreed that the contract term would begin on July 8, 2014, and would

end on July 7, 2019, although the parties also agreed that Dyonyx could terminate

the Consultant Agreement early for cause, with or without cause upon thirty days’

written notice, or immediately if Dyonyx’s client terminated its contract with

Dyonyx. The parties also agreed that, during the contract term, Castillo would

“develop for the benefit of [Dyonyx] certain services on a project basis” and that

“[t]he scope of each project or any other projects agreed upon by the parties shall be

identified in a Purchase Order (“PO”) and Statement of Work (“SOW”).” The

parties executed this Agreement on July 18, 2014.

      It is also undisputed that Exhibit A to the Consultant Agreement, entitled

“Statement of Work,” set out specific information related to the parties’ contractual

obligations. The Statement of Work identified Dyonyx’s client as the City of

Houston Public Works and Engineering Department, provided that the assignment

would be located in Austin and Bryan, described the services to be performed as

“Telecommunications/Connectivity Services/No Labor,” and specifically stated that

Castillo would be responsible for providing data circuits and an Ethernet connection

between Austin and Bryan. The Statement of Work also provided that purchase

orders “will be issued on an annual basis” and that the “base period” of the contract

was from July 8, 2014, through July 7, 2015, with “option period[s]” for each of the

next four years, through July 7, 2019. The Statement of Work further provided a

                                         12
“Firm Fixed Price (Ceiling)” of $457,936.20, to be invoiced monthly in the amount

of $7,632.27 over a sixty-month period.

      The same day that the parties entered into the Consultant Agreement, Dyonyx

issued the Purchase Order to Castillo. The Purchase Order described the subject of

the order as:

      Firm Fixed Price – Annual Fee for Telecommunications/Connectivity
      Services for a 1.5GB Ethernet Burstable 1.5 Gig Ethernet Internet
      Circuit for the Data Foundry Data Center in Austin, and Ethernet Line
      1 Gig connection between the Data Centers in Data Foundry (Austin)
      and Fibertown (Bryan) in support of the CoH Public Works and
      Engineering Dept. – Electronic Plan Review Project.

The Purchase Order stated that the monthly cost of the services was $7,632.27, for

a total cost of $91,587.24 for the year. The Purchase Order listed the “Period of

Performance” as July 8, 2014, through July 7, 2015, and stated that the “[t]otal

amount of this purchase order sets for the entire payment required.”            Under

“Justification,” the Purchase Order provided:

      Under the Terms and Conditions of the fully executed Consultant
      Agreement #00603 between DYONYX and [Castillo]. This is a Firm
      Fixed Price 5 year contract, but Dyonyx will issue annual PO(s) base[d]
      on the CoH PWE annual PO(s) issued against this project. This P.O. is
      not-to-exceed $91,587.24 for the period of performance stated above.
      There are no expenses required on this project.

Castillo’s president signed the Purchase Order on July 21, 2014.

      It is further undisputed that the City of Houston informed Dyonyx that it was

terminating their contract in November 2014. Dyonyx then informed Castillo on

                                          13
December 1, 2014, that, effective December 31, 2014, it was terminating the

Consultant Agreement and the Purchase Order.

      In arguing that Dyonyx breached the parties’ contract, Castillo cites several

cases for the proposition that the language in the “Justification” section of the

Purchase Order—“Under the Terms and Conditions of the fully executed Consultant

Agreement #00603 between DYONYX and [Castillo]”—was not sufficiently

specific to incorporate the terms of the Consultant Agreement by reference into the

Purchase Order, specifically, the provisions in the Consultant Agreement allowing

Dyonyx to terminate the Agreement before the five-year term expired. See Owens,
433 S.W.2d at 167; Bob Montgomery Chevrolet, Inc. v. Dent Zone Co., 409 S.W.3d
181, 189 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2013, no pet.); In re C & H News Co., 133 S.W.3d
642, 645 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi 2003, orig. proceeding); Trico Marine Servs.,

Inc. v. Stewart & Stevenson Tech. Servs., Inc., 73 S.W.3d 545, 549–50 (Tex. App.—

Houston [1st Dist.] 2002, orig. proceeding [mand. denied]); Castroville Airport, Inc.

v. City of Castroville, 974 S.W.2d 207, 211–12 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 1998, no

writ); MTrust Corp. N.A. v. LJH Corp., 837 S.W.2d 250, 253–54 (Tex. App.—Fort

Worth 1992, writ denied); see also Valero Mktg. & Supply Co. v. Baldwin

Contracting Co., No. H-09-2957, 2010 WL 1068105, at *1–5 (S.D. Tex. Mar. 19,

2010).

                                         14
       Each of these cases stands for the proposition that a signed contract may

incorporate an unsigned document by reference, but to do so, the contract must refer

to the unsigned document with sufficient specificity. See, e.g., Bob Montgomery

Chevrolet, 409 S.W.3d at 189 (holding that unsigned document may be incorporated

by reference into signed contract by referring to unsigned document in contract, but

“[p]lainly referring to a document requires more than merely mentioning the

document”); Trico Marine Servs., 73 S.W.3d at 549–50.

       In Owens, for example, the Texas Supreme Court addressed whether a letter

written by a seller of real estate, but which did not contain enough information to

sufficiently describe the land, incorporated by reference an earlier letter that did

describe the land written by a real estate broker inquiring about the sale. See 433
S.W.2d at 166. The court recognized that “[i]t is uniformly held that an unsigned

paper may be incorporated by reference in the paper signed by the person sought to

be charged” and further stated that “[t]he language used is not important provided

the document signed by the defendant plainly refers to another writing.” Id. The

court noted that when the letter from the broker and the letter from the seller were

read together, it appeared that the letter written by the seller was in reply to the earlier

letter from the broker. Id. at 167. The court stated, however, that although the two

letters “obviously relate to the same subject matter,” there was nothing in the letter

by the seller—the defendant and the party “sought to be charged”—“that even

                                            15
remotely suggests the existence of another writing.” Id. The court concluded that

because the contents of the seller’s letter did not demonstrate that it was “based on

an adoption of the letter written by [the broker],” the seller’s letter did not

incorporate the broker’s letter by reference. Id.

      In Bob Montgomery Chevrolet, the signed contract allowed an automobile

dealership to become a “certified repair center” for a company that provided a dent

repair service. 409 S.W.3d at 184. The contract referred to a document on the

company’s website that contained information about a special service program. Id.

at 185. This document, not signed by the dealership, also contained a forum

selection clause. Id. In subsequent litigation, the company sought to enforce the

forum selection clause against the dealership, arguing that the signed contract, which

mentioned the Internet document containing the forum selection clause, incorporated

that document by reference. Id. at 188–89. The Dallas Court of Appeals disagreed,

reasoning that the contract language mentioning the website did not state that the

document was incorporated by reference into the contract, did not “plainly refer to

additional terms and conditions in the internet document as becoming part of the

parties’ agreement,” and did not “otherwise suggest that the parties intended for the

internet document to become part of their agreement.” Id. at 190; see also In re C

& H News, 133 S.W.3d at 646 (holding that arbitration agreement allowing

“arbitration as provided in the [Employee] Handbook” incorporated by reference

                                          16
provisions in unsigned employee handbook relating to arbitration); Trico Marine

Servs., 73 S.W.3d at 549–50 (holding that signed contract did not incorporate

unsigned document entitled “General Terms and Conditions of Sale” by reference

when contract merely mentioned unsigned document in table of contents and again

as heading of section of contract); Castroville Airport, 974 S.W.2d at 211 (holding

that signed Settlement Memorandum incorporated by reference two unsigned

exhibits because Memorandum “plainly referred” to exhibits); MTrust Corp., 837
S.W.2d at 253–54 (holding that signed contract to purchase real estate incorporated

by reference unsigned exhibit consisting of maps of property when contract stated

“‘Exhibit B’ attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference for all purposes”);

see also Valero Mktg. & Supply, 2010 WL 1068105, at *4–5 (holding that signed

contract to purchase asphalt, which included provision that “[a]ll prices quoted

above are subject to Valero’s General Terms and Conditions for Petroleum Product

Purchases/Sales,” incorporated unsigned “General Terms” document, which was

available on Valero’s website, by reference for limited purpose of governing quoted

prices but did not incorporate forum selection clause contained within “General

Terms” document).

      Unlike the cases cited by Castillo, this case does not involve a party attempting

to incorporate by reference an unsigned document into a signed contract. Instead,

this case involves two documents—the Consultant Agreement and the Purchase

                                          17
Order—both of which were signed by representatives of both Castillo and Dyonyx,

and both of which reference each other and relate to the same transaction. We

conclude that Owens and its progeny are inapposite.

      The Consultant Agreement, signed by both Castillo and Dyonyx, expressly

contemplated the issuance of a purchase order that, along with a “Statement of

Work,” would set out the scope of services that Castillo was to perform pursuant to

the Agreement. The Purchase Order, issued and signed by Dyonyx on the same day

the parties executed the Consultant Agreement and signed by Castillo three days

later, stated that it was issued under the parties’ Consultant Agreement. The

description of services in the Purchase Order mirrors the language of the Statement

of Work attached to the Consultant Agreement.           These two documents were

executed near the same time, the documents involve the same purpose, and the

documents clearly pertain to the same transaction. We therefore must construe these

documents together. See In re Prudential, 148 S.W.3d at 145; Fort Worth Indep.

Sch. Dist., 22 S.W.3d at 840; Halliburton, 446 S.W.3d at 564.

      Castillo argues that we cannot construe the Purchase Order “to incorporate a

30-day termination provision without rendering the terms ‘firm,’ ‘5-year-contract,’

and ‘payment required’ meaningless.” However, focusing solely on the statement

in the Purchase Order that “[t]his is a Firm Fixed Price 5 year contract” in isolation,

as Castillo would have us do, would render meaningless the early termination

                                          18
provisions in the Consultant Agreement, which must be read with the Purchase

Order, as well as the provisions in the Statement of Work setting out the schedule of

performance with a “base period” of one year followed by four one-year “option

period[s].”

      The Consultant Agreement provided that it would be in effect for five years,

beginning on July 8, 2014, and ending July 7, 2019, but it also designated three

situations in which Dyonyx could terminate the Agreement earlier: (1) for cause;

(2) with or without cause upon thirty days’ written notice; or (3) “[i]mmediately

upon written notice from DYONYX’s Client, should the Client terminate its contract

with DYONYX.” The Consultant Agreement also provided that throughout the

contract term Castillo would provide services to Dynoyx, the scope of which would

be set out in a purchase order and a Statement of Work. The Statement of Work,

attached to the Consultant Agreement as Exhibit A, stated that Dyonyx would issue

purchase orders on an annual basis and that the “base period” would be from July 8,

2014, through July 7, 2015. The Statement of Work described each of the next four

years after that, from July 8, 2015, through, ultimately, July 7, 2019, as “option

period[s].” The Statement of Work also stated a price of $7,632.27 per month over

a sixty-month period, for a total “ceiling” contract price of $457,936.20. Thus, the

Statement of Work set the monthly price Dyonyx would pay for Castillo’s services,

set out a maximum contract term of five years if each of the four “option period[s]”

                                         19
was exercised, and stated the maximum amount Castillo would be paid if it

ultimately provided services for the full five years.

      The Purchase Order, issued the same day as the Consultant Agreement and its

attached Statement of Work, mirrored the Statement of Work’s description of the

services Castillo was to provide and stated that the monthly cost of the services to

be paid to Castillo was $7,632.27. The Purchase Order stated that the period of

performance was from July 8, 2014, through July 7, 2015, or for one year, and

provided that the “[t]otal amount of this purchase order,” or $91,587.24, “sets forth

the entire payment required.” The Purchase Order also stated, “This is a Firm Fixed

Price 5 year contract, but DYONYX will issue annual PO(s) [purchase orders]

base[d] on the CoH PWE annual PO(s) [i]ssued against this project.” Thus, the

Purchase Order stated that the parties had a five-year contract, consistent with the

Consultant Agreement; it stated that the price for Castillo’s services was $7,632.27

per month, consistent with the Statement of Work; and it stated that Dyonyx would

issue purchase orders on an annual basis pursuant to purchase orders issued by its

client, the City of Houston, also consistent with the Statement of Work.

      Reading these documents together, as we must, we conclude that the parties

intended to enter into an agreement consisting of a Consultant Agreement, a

Statement of Work, and a Purchase Order whereby Castillo would provide services

to Dyonyx for a maximum of five years. See Plains Expl. & Prod., 473 S.W.3d at

                                          20
305 (stating that when construing contract, we consider entire writing, harmonizing

and giving effect to all contract provisions so that none will be rendered

meaningless).   However, the parties agreed in the Consultant Agreement that

Dyonyx could terminate that Agreement with or without cause upon thirty days’

written notice or immediately if Dyonyx’s client, defined in the Statement of Work

as the City of Houston, terminated its contract with Dyonyx. Thus, if Dyonyx

properly terminated the Consultant Agreement pursuant to its terms, the Purchase

Order issued pursuant to the Consultant Agreement also terminated without

constituting a breach of the contract between the parties. See Fort Worth Indep. Sch.

Dist., 22 S.W.3d at 840 (holding that instruments pertaining to same transaction may

be read together to ascertain parties’ intent and that courts may construe documents

“as if they were part of a single, unified instrument”). Because it is undisputed that

Dyonyx, after being informed by the City of Houston that the City was terminating

its contract with Dyonyx, provided thirty days’ written notice to Castillo that the

Consultant Agreement would terminate, we conclude that Dyonyx conclusively

established that it did not breach its contract with Castillo. We therefore hold that

the trial court did not err by granting Dyonyx’s summary judgment motion and

denying Castillo’s motion.

      We overrule Castillo’s sole issue.

                                           21
                                   Conclusion

      We affirm the judgment of the trial court.

                                             Evelyn V. Keyes
                                             Justice

Panel consists of Chief Justice Radack and Justices Keyes and Massengale.

                                        22