Court Opinion

ID: 2820131
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-07-24 16:04:09.576822+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:30:55.550589
License: Public Domain

Filed 7/24/15 P. v. Almendarez CA4/1
                      NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

                    COURT OF APPEAL, FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

                                                  DIVISION ONE

                                           STATE OF CALIFORNIA

THE PEOPLE,                                                         D066996

         Plaintiff and Respondent,

         v.                                                         (Super. Ct. No. SCD257204)

FRANKLIN ALMENDAREZ,

         Defendant and Appellant.

         APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of San Diego County, Kenneth

K. So, Judge. Reversed and remanded with instructions.

         John L. Staley, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and

Appellant.

         Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Julie L. Garland, Assistant Attorney General,

Eric A. Swenson and Jennifer B. Truong, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and

Respondent.
                              STATEMENT OF THE CASE

       On July 15, 2014, the San Diego County District Attorney filed a complaint

charging defendant Franklin Almendarez with two counts of committing a lewd and

lascivious act on a child under the age of 14 (Pen. Code, § 288, subd. (a);1 counts 1 and

2), and two counts of unlawful sexual intercourse with a minor more than three years

younger than defendant (§ 261.5, subd. (c); counts 3 and 4).

       Defendant pleaded guilty to count 3. The remaining charges were dismissed.

       On November 6, 2014, the trial court placed defendant on three years of formal

probation and required he serve 365 days in the county jail. As a condition of probation,

defendant was ordered to register as a sex offender pursuant to section 290.

       Defendant filed a timely notice of appeal.

                              FACTUAL BACKGROUND

       The facts underlying defendant's charges have been set forth by both defendant

and the People. They are set forth in defendant's change of plea form. Briefly,

defendant, who was 19 years old at the time of the offense, admitted meeting 11-year-old

Andrea R. with whom he twice had consensual sexual intercourse. Andrea also used

alcohol, marijuana and methamphetamine, at least some of which was supplied by

defendant. According to defendant, Andrea told him she was 18 years old. According to

Andrea she told defendant that she was 16 years old. Defendant did not know she was 11

years old.

1      All further statutory references are to the Penal Code.
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                                         DISCUSSION

         Defendant's sole argument on appeal is that the trial court failed to state reasons,

on the record, for ordering him to register as a sex offender as is required by section

290.006. Alternatively, defendant argues the trial court abused its discretion in ordering

him to register. The People respond that defendant has forfeited his arguments because

he failed to object at the time he was sentenced and in any event the error was harmless

and was not, in itself, an abuse of discretion. We reverse.

         Section 290.006 requires the court find the offense involved was committed as a

result of sexual compulsion or for sexual gratification. This finding must be stated on the

record along with the reasons for the finding. The separate statement of reasons gives the

trial court discretion to weigh the reasons for and against registration in each particular

case. (People v. Hofsheier (2006) 37 Cal.4th 1185, 1197, overruled on other grounds in

Johnson v. Department of Justice (2015) 60 Cal.4th 871, 888-889.)

         The requirement defendant register as a sex offender is set forth in paragraph 6(c)

of the sentencing order. At the time of sentencing, defendant argued, "condition [6c] is

not required by statute in this case. [Six]c is not a statutory requirement. It's

discretionary. And the facts are barren to -- to support a discretionary imposition of that

condition." Defendant argues this objection was sufficient to alert the court of its

requirement that reasons for the registration requirement be placed in the record. We

agree.

         The purpose for stating reasons on the record is not a mechanical requirement; it is

meant to demonstrate the court has actually weighed the reasons for and against requiring

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lifetime registration. On the record before us, we cannot discern this weighing process

occurred. The court merely stated it was going to adopt the probation report's registration

recommendation. Likewise the probation report recommends registration because "the

offense was committed on the 11-year-old victim for purposes of sexual gratification."

Although defendant had a serious juvenile record at the time of the instant offense, he did

not have an offense involving improper or illegal sexual conduct. This is the first such

offense. Neither the report nor probation report address the likelihood defendant will

reoffend. Therefore we cannot evaluate whether an abuse of discretion exists in this case,

or whether failure to state the reasons for registration on the record is harmless error.

       The question of whether the objection lodged by defendant's counsel was

sufficient to alert the court of its failure to comply with the statement of reasons

requirement must be answered in the affirmative. Counsel's objection was clear.

Although he did not state the magic words "the court must put its reasons on the record,"

he did state there were no reasons. We conclude that the court was obligated to respond

when counsel stated there were no facts to support a lifetime registration. Lifetime

registration as a sex offender, is a "grave and direct consequence." (In re Birch (1973) 10

Cal.3d 314, 322.) Particularly this is so for a youthful offender. Failure to comply with

the legislative mandate is neither harmless nor lacking in prejudice. We decline to adopt

a hyper-technical approach to preserving what section 290.006 makes mandatory.

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                                      DISPOSITION

       We reverse and remand this case to the trial court with instructions to consider the

reasons for requiring registration and to set forth those reasons on the record.

                                                                       BENKE, Acting P. J.

WE CONCUR:

MCDONALD, J.

AARON, J.

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