Court Opinion

ID: 2791164
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-04-02 19:05:59.301059+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:28:57.188878
License: Public Domain

J-S17042-15

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA                   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                     PENNSYLVANIA
                        Appellee

                   v.

JOHN M. RODGERS

                        Appellant                   No. 1786 WDA 2014

           Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence May 31, 2013
            In the Court of Common Pleas of Jefferson County
           Criminal Division at No(s): CP-33-CR-0000500-2008

BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., SHOGAN, J., and FITZGERALD, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY GANTMAN, P.J.:                        FILED APRIL 02, 2015

     Appellant, John M. Rodgers, appeals nunc pro tunc from the judgment

of sentence entered in the Jefferson County Court of Common Pleas,

following revocation of his probation. We affirm.

     The relevant facts and procedural history of this case are as follows.

On July 19, 2008, Appellant took three hundred and forty-seven dollars

($347.00) from a victim. During the course of the theft, Appellant punched

and kicked the victim in the face, head, and ribs.      Appellant entered a

negotiated guilty plea at docket CP-33-CR-0000500-2008 (“docket 500-

2008”) on October 1, 2008, to theft by unlawful taking or disposition (18

Pa.C.S.A. § 3921(a)) and simple assault (18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2701(a)).       The

court sentenced Appellant that day to two (2) years’ probation for each

___________________________

*Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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conviction, to be served consecutively, for an aggregate sentence of four (4)

years’ probation at docket 500-2008.1,         2

       Appellant committed technical violations of his probation by failing to

report and by changing his residence without permission from his probation

officer. On December 9, 2009, Appellant admitted to the technical probation

violations; the court subsequently ordered a pre-sentence investigation

(“PSI”) report.     Prior to holding a revocation (“VOP”) hearing, Appellant

committed new offenses in Clearfield County.3 On February 14, 2011, the

court held a VOP hearing for Appellant’s theft and simple assault convictions

at docket 500-2008. The court took judicial notice of Appellant’s guilty plea

and sentence in Clearfield County, and revoked Appellant’s probation for

____________________________________________

1
  Also on October 1, 2008, Appellant entered a guilty plea at docket # CP-
33-CR-0000499-2008 (“docket 499-2008”) to theft by unlawful taking or
disposition. The court sentenced Appellant to eleven (11) months to two (2)
years’ imprisonment (less one day), plus one (1) day of probation, for that
offense. The court imposed Appellant’s sentences at docket 500-2008
consecutive to Appellant’s sentence at docket 499-2008.
2
   On October 20, 2008, the court amended the sentencing order for
Appellant’s theft conviction at docket 500-2008, to eliminate a
term/condition of Appellant’s probation, which had required Appellant to pay
a constable fee. The court did not otherwise alter Appellant’s theft sentence.
3
  Specifically, Appellant pled guilty to driving under the influence of alcohol
or a controlled substance, unauthorized use of a motor vehicle, and careless
driving. On September 28, 2010, the Clearfield County Court of Common
Pleas sentenced Appellant to thirty (30) days to two (2) years’ imprisonment
for the DUI conviction; two (2) years’ probation for the unauthorized use
conviction; and imposed no further penalty for the careless driving
conviction.

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theft and simple assault based on Appellant’s new crimes.                   The court

resentenced     Appellant     to   eighteen    (18)   months’   probation   for   theft

(consecutive to any other sentence Appellant was serving), and resentenced

Appellant to six (6) months’ probation for simple assault, consecutive to the

theft probation sentence. Thus, the court imposed an aggregate sentence of

twenty-four (24) months’ probation for Appellant’s simple assault and theft

convictions at docket 500-2008.4

       Appellant violated his probation again in December 2011 and January

2012, by committing drug offenses.5 On April 3, 2013, Appellant entered a

negotiated guilty plea for these crimes at docket # CP-33-CR-0000618-2012

(“docket 618-2012”) and docket # CP-33-CR-0000621-2012 (“docket 621-

2012”). Specifically, Appellant pled guilty to one count of possession with

intent to deliver a controlled substance (“PWID”) at each docket. The court

imposed a term of nine (9) months to five (5) years’ imprisonment for each

PWID conviction, to be served concurrently.                 Additionally, regarding

Appellant’s underlying theft and simple assault convictions at docket 500-

2008, Appellant admitted that his drug offenses constituted violations of his

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4
  The court also revoked Appellant’s probation at docket 499-2008, and
resentenced Appellant to eighteen (18) months to five (5) years’
imprisonment on that docket, consecutive to the Clearfield County sentence.
5
  Appellant also committed a technical violation of probation by possessing
controlled substances.

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probation.   The court took judicial notice of Appellant’s guilty pleas and

sentences for PWID, and ordered preparation of a PSI report.

      On May 31, 2013, the court held a VOP hearing concerning Appellant’s

theft and simple     assault convictions at docket 500-2008         based on

Appellant’s PWID convictions. The court revoked probation for the theft and

simple assault offenses and resentenced Appellant to two and one-half (2½)

to five (5) years’ imprisonment for the theft conviction (with credit for time

served), concurrent to the PWID sentences; and six (6) months to two (2)

years’ imprisonment for the simple assault conviction (with credit for time

served), consecutive to the theft sentence.     Thus, the court imposed an

aggregate revocation sentence of three (3) to seven (7) years’ imprisonment

at docket 500-2008. Appellant did not file post-sentence motions.

      On June 28, 2013, Appellant timely filed a notice of appeal. This Court

affirmed the judgment of sentence on March 5, 2014, waiving Appellant’s

sole issue challenging the discretionary aspects of his sentence for failure to

object at sentencing or file post-sentence motions; and for failure to file a

Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) statement. See Commonwealth v. Rodgers, 100 A.3d
296 (Pa.Super. 2014).

      On July 28, 2014, Appellant timely filed a pro se PCRA petition. The

court appointed counsel on August 15, 2014, who filed an amended PCRA

petition on September 30, 2014, requesting reinstatement of Appellant’s

post-sentence and direct appeal rights nunc pro tunc.      The court granted

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relief on October 2, 2014, and reinstated Appellant’s post-sentence and

direct appeal rights nunc pro tunc.            On October 3, 2014, Appellant timely

filed a post-sentence motion nunc pro tunc, which the court denied that

day.6 Appellant timely filed a nunc pro tunc notice of appeal on October 20,

2014.    On October 24, 2014, the court ordered Appellant to file a concise

statement of errors complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b);

Appellant timely complied on November 3, 2014.

        Appellant raises one issue for our review:

           DID THE SENTENCING COURT EXERCISE A MANIFEST
           ABUSE OF DISCRETION AT [APPELLANT’S] GAGNON II[7]
           PROBATION    REVOCATION   SENTENCING   WHEN    IT
           SENTENCED [APPELLANT] TO A MANIFESTLY EXCESSIVE
           SENTENCE, THE MAXIMUM SENTENCE ALLOWED BY LAW,
           AND IN STATING REASONS FOR THE SENTENCE THAT
           WERE NOT SUPPORTED BY THE RECORD, TO WIT: IN
           BOTH THE GAGNON II REVOCATION SENTENCE
           TRANSCRIPTS, AND IN ITS PA.R.A.P. NO. 1925(A)
           OPINION, THE TRIAL COURT INDICATES THAT IT
           FASHIONED A SENTENCE THAT ONLY EXTENDED
           [APPELLANT’S] MINIMUM SENTENCE BY SIX (6) MONTHS
           WHEN IN REALITY THE TRIAL COURT EXTENDED
           [APPELLANT’S] MINIMUM AGGREGATE SENTENCE BY
           TWENTY-SEVEN (27) MONTHS?

(Appellant’s Brief at 4).

____________________________________________

6
 The certified record does not contain a docket entry or court order denying
Appellant’s post-sentence motion. Nevertheless, Appellant’s brief includes a
copy of the order denying relief.
7
  Gagnon v. Scarpelli, 411 U.S. 778, 93 S. Ct. 1756, 36 L. Ed. 2d 656
(1973).

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     When reviewing the outcome of a revocation proceeding, this Court is

limited to determining the validity of the proceeding, the legality of the

judgment of sentence imposed, and the discretionary aspects of sentencing.

Commonwealth v. Cartrette, 83 A.3d 1031, 1033-34 (Pa.Super. 2013)

(en banc) (explaining that, notwithstanding prior decisions which stated our

scope of review in revocation proceedings is limited to validity of

proceedings and legality of sentence, this Court’s scope of review on appeal

from revocation sentencing can also include discretionary sentencing

challenges).

     Appellant argues the court’s on-the-record statements concerning his

revocation sentences for theft and simple assault are inconsistent with the

facts of record. Appellant explains the court sentenced him on April 3, 2013

at dockets 618-2012 and 621-2012 to concurrent terms of nine (9) months

to five (5) years’ imprisonment for his PWID convictions.   Based on these

drug convictions, the court revoked Appellant’s probation for his underlying

theft and simple assault convictions at docket 500-2008, and resentenced

Appellant on May 31, 2013, to two and one-half (2½) to five (5) years’

imprisonment for theft, and a consecutive six (6) months to two (2) years’

imprisonment for simple assault. Appellant asserts the court stated at the

May 31, 2013 VOP hearing that the revocation sentences for Appellant’s

theft and simple assault convictions essentially increased Appellant’s

minimum sentence by only six (6) months. Appellant contends the court’s

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statement is inaccurate, because the court actually increased Appellant’s

minimum       sentence      by    twenty-seven   (27)   months’   imprisonment.

Specifically, Appellant maintains that his minimum sentence on the PWID

convictions was nine (9) months’ imprisonment (because the court ran those

sentences concurrently).          By imposing a two and one-half (2½) year

minimum revocation sentence for theft (totaling thirty (30) months)

concurrent to the PWID sentences, the court increased Appellant’s minimum

sentence by twenty-one (21) months.               Appellant insists the court’s

imposition of a consecutive six (6) month minimum sentence for simple

assault increased Appellant’s aggregate minimum sentence by twenty-seven

(27) months.       Appellant complains the court’s sentencing rationale was

mathematically inaccurate.         Appellant concludes the revocation sentences

are erroneous where the court’s sentencing justification is at odds with the

record; and this Court must remand for resentencing.8             As presented,

Appellant’s issue challenges the discretionary aspects of his sentence. See

generally Commonwealth v. Kerstetter, 580 A.2d 1134 (Pa.Super. 1990)

(explaining claim that court relied on inaccurate information at sentencing

implicates discretionary aspects of sentencing).

____________________________________________

8
  Appellant mentions that the court’s imposition of the statutory maximum
sentence for his theft conviction (five years’ imprisonment) was manifestly
excessive, but he fails to develop this claim. Consequently, it is waived.
See Commonwealth v. McDermitt, 66 A.3d 810 (Pa.Super. 2013)
(explaining undeveloped claims are waived and unreviewable on appeal).

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      Objections to the discretionary aspects of a sentence are waived if

they are not raised at the sentencing hearing or in a timely filed post-

sentence motion. Commonwealth v. Griffin, 65 A.3d 932, 935 (Pa.Super.

2013), appeal denied, 621 Pa. 682, 76 A.3d 538 (2013).                         See also

Pa.R.Crim.P. 708(E) (stating motion to modify sentence imposed after

revocation   shall    be    filed   within   10   days   of    date   of   imposition);

Commonwealth v. Burks, 102 A.3d 497 (Pa.Super. 2014) (explaining Rule

708   continues      to    govern   appellant’s   post-sentence       rights   following

reinstatement of post-sentence rights nunc pro tunc).

      Instantly, the court reinstated Appellant’s post-sentence and direct

appeal rights nunc pro tunc on October 2, 2014.               Appellant timely filed a

post-sentence motion the following day.           Nevertheless, Appellant raised a

different challenge in his post-sentence motion nunc pro tunc than he

presents on appeal. Specifically, Appellant phrased his sentencing challenge

in his post-sentence motion nunc pro tunc, as follows:

        The…revocation sentences are both the maximum
        sentences allowed by statute and, it is herein alleged that,
        they are both manifestly excessive when considering the
        mitigating factors, to wit: [Appellant] was seeking
        counseling through violence prevention and drug and
        alcohol, he had paid all of his fines and restitution owed
        [to] Jefferson [C]ounty in connection with his prior Theft
        and Simple Assault convictions, he was serving a nine
        month to five year sentence at SCI Pine Grove, he will
        receive from the State Parole Board an additional nine to
        eighteen months for parole violations, and [Appellant’s]
        acknowledgement to the court that he has made mistakes
        in his life;

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          Wherefore, [Appellant] requests the court grant the within
          motion to modify sentence and in so doing re-sentence
          [Appellant] to a more lenient sentence.

(Appellant’s Post-Sentence Motion Nunc Pro Tunc, filed October 3, 2014, at

1). Significantly, Appellant’s motion makes no mention of his argument on

appeal that the court’s statements at sentencing were inconsistent with the

record. (See id.) Thus, Appellant’s sentencing challenge is waived. See

Griffin, supra.

       Moreover, the court addressed Appellant’s appellate issue as follows:9

          [Appellant] claims that the [c]ourt’s reasons for the overall
          sentence were not supported by the record because “on
          the record and in its Rule 1925(a) opinion [preceding
          Appellant’s initial direct appeal], the trial court indicates
          that it fashioned a sentence that only extended
          [Appellant’s] minimum sentence by six (6) months when in
          effect the trial court extended [Appellant’s] minimum
          aggregate sentence by twenty-seven (27) months.” This
          claim, though, appears to stem from [Appellant’s]
          misapprehension of the [c]ourt’s express objective.

          On April 3, 2013, [Appellant] pled guilty to two counts of
          [PWID], one at [docket] 618-2012 and the other at
          [docket] 621-2012, and pursuant to his plea agreement,
          the [c]ourt sentenced him to concurrent terms of 9 months
          [to] 5 years’ incarceration. Those sentences would not
          commence, however, until [Appellant] had fulfilled the
          sentences he was then serving on account of his parole
          violations.

          Approximately 7 weeks later, [Appellant] was again before
          the [c]ourt to be sentenced for violating his probation. At
          that time the [c]ourt revoked his probation and, noting
____________________________________________

9
  Appellant raised his claim on appeal for the first time in his Rule 1925(b)
statement.

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        that its aggregate sentence would increase his minimum
        by only 6 months, resentenced him to 2½ [to] 5 years [for
        theft] at [docket] 500-2008, concurrent with [dockets] 618
        and 621-2012, and a consecutive 6 months [to 2] year[s
        for simple assault at docket 500-2008].

        Now, more than 17 months later, [Appellant] seems to
        believe that the [c]ourt intended to add 6 months to his 9-
        month minimum—an interpretation that, if correct, would
        [validate] his claim. As the sentencing transcript reflects,
        however, it was his overall minimum to which the [c]ourt
        deliberately added 6 months.

        After discussing the result of his 2011 Clearfield County
        sentence and his liability for the parole violations he was
        facing, [Appellant] confirmed that the earliest he could
        begin serving his April 3, 2013 sentence was 21 months
        later. It would thus be at least 30 months before he was
        eligible to be released from prison [based on the nine-
        month minimum sentences for PWID]. When the [c]ourt
        imposed a 2½ year minimum at [docket] 500-2008,
        therefore, it did not alter his overall minimum sentence.
        The only increase was the additional 6 months he would
        have to serve [for simple assault at 500-2008], which is
        precisely what the [c]ourt stated on the record.

        Because the [c]ourt did not abuse its discretion or impose
        a sentence other than that which it expressly intended and
        for which it gave its reasons, therefore, it respectfully
        suggests that the judgment of sentence imposed against
        [Appellant] on May [31], 2013 should be affirmed.

(Trial Court Opinion, filed November 4, 2014, at 1-2) (internal citations

omitted).   Our review of the May 31, 2013 VOP transcript confirms the

court’s statements. Appellant agreed at the VOP hearing that he could not

begin serving his concurrent PWID sentences at dockets 618-2012 and 621-

2012 until twenty-one (21) months later.       The court’s imposition of a

minimum two and one-half (2½) year (or thirty (30) month) revocation

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sentence for Appellant’s theft conviction, concurrent to Appellant’s nine (9)

month minimum PWID sentences, did not alter Appellant’s earliest possible

release date at dockets 618-2012 and 621-2012.             Thus, the court’s

imposition of a consecutive six (6) month minimum revocation sentence for

Appellant’s simple assault conviction extended Appellant’s earliest possible

release date at dockets 500-2008, 618-2012, and 621-2012, by only six (6)

months.       Therefore, even if Appellant had preserved his sentencing

challenge in his post-sentence motion nunc pro tunc, it would nevertheless

merit no relief because the record belies his claim.10 Accordingly, we affirm.

       Judgment of sentence affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 4/2/2015

____________________________________________

10
   We note the court also had the benefit of a PSI report at the VOP hearing
on May 31, 2013. See Commonwealth v. Devers, 519 Pa. 88, 546 A.2d
12 (1988) (explaining that when sentencing court has benefit of PSI report,
this Court can assume court was aware of relevant information regarding
defendant’s character and weighed those considerations along with
mitigating factors).

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