Court Opinion

ID: 4317148
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-10-01 17:00:51.827439+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:24:28.177399
License: Public Domain

NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION
                To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1

                United States Court of Appeals
                                For the Seventh Circuit
                                Chicago, Illinois 60604

                            Submitted September 20, 2018 *
                               Decided October 1, 2018

                                        Before

                      ILANA DIAMOND ROVNER, Circuit Judge

                      MICHAEL B. BRENNAN, Circuit Judge

                      AMY J. ST. EVE, Circuit Judge

No. 18-1965

TOMAS D. CUESTA, SR.,                         Appeal from the United States District
    Plaintiff-Appellant,                      Court for the Eastern District of
                                              Wisconsin.

      v.                                      No. 17-CV-104

JAMIE BARKER and NICOLE                       Lynn Adelman,
TREVINO,                                      Judge.
     Defendants-Appellees.

                                      ORDER

      Tomas Cuesta, Sr., a Wisconsin inmate, charges prison officials with violating the
Eighth Amendment though their deliberate indifference to his back pain. A magistrate
judge dismissed the complaint as to some defendants at screening, and a district judge
entered summary judgment in favor of others, concluding that they were not personally

      *
        We have agreed to decide this case without oral argument because the briefs
and record adequately present the facts and legal arguments, and oral argument would
not significantly aid the court. See FED. R. APP. P. 34(a)(2)(C).
No. 18-1965                                                                         Page 2

involved or did not act with deliberate indifference to a serious risk of harm in violation
of the Eighth Amendment. We affirm.

        We construe the facts in favor of the nonmoving party, Cuesta, drawing all
reasonable inferences in his favor. See Robinson v. Perales, 894 F.3d 818, 823 (7th
Cir. 2018). While gardening one day in 2012 at Green Bay Correctional Institution,
Cuesta injured his back. The prison doctor prescribed Tylenol and gave him a low-bunk
restriction. Later that year, Cuesta transferred to Stanley Correctional Institute, where
he still resides. His low-bunk permit was renewed annually for four years.

       Cuesta reinjured his back at Stanley while shoveling snow. This injury caused
“serious pains and suffering,” so he went to the Health Services Unit. A nurse examined
Cuesta and ordered ice, ibuprofen, and exercises to strengthen his back. Cuesta’s pain
persisted, so he returned to the HSU. He asked a nurse, Nicole Trevino, if he could have
his low-bunk restriction continued and see a non-prison back specialist. Trevino
examined Cuesta, prescribed him pain medication and back exercises, and renewed his
low-bunk authorization for one month, pending review by the Special Needs
Committee. The newly formed Committee—established by nurse Jamie Barker, head of
the Health Services Unit—now had to authorize such restrictions. Based on Cuesta’s
medical records and Trevino’s decision to extend his permit for only one month, the
Committee declined to renew the low-bunk restriction.

       Trevino also denied Cuesta’s request to see an outside back specialist, citing
DOC policy. Under that policy, an inmate who wishes to see an outside physician must
have a prison doctor order the appointment or file a written request himself and, upon
approval, pay all expenses associated with the examination. Cuesta then turned to
Barker. She also denied his request to see a specialist because no doctor authorized the
outside visit and Cuesta had not submitted a written request. Barker gave Cuesta a
copy of the policy, Division of Adult Institutions Policy #500.30.03. Cuesta still did not
obtain a referral from a prison doctor or file a written request to see an outside doctor.

        Cuesta then sued the warden, various complaint examiners who denied his
grievances about these issues, the Special Needs Committee, and nurses Trevino and
Barker under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for “past and actual pain and suffering he endured.” As
relevant to this appeal, he alleged that the defendants violated his Eighth Amendment
rights in numerous ways. The nurses he saw were “unqualified to diagnose and treat
[his] irritated back.” Nurses also denied him access to a back specialist. The Committee,
composed of non-medical personnel, unreasonably denied him a low-bunk permit.
No. 18-1965                                                                        Page 3

Further, he asserted, the DAI policy was unreasonable because paying his own medical
costs was out of the question.

       At screening, a magistrate judge allowed Cuesta to proceed on
deliberate-indifference claims against Trevino and Barker. But the magistrate judge
dismissed the remainder of the complaint because Cuesta did not sufficiently allege
how the warden and complaint examiners plausibly violated his rights.

        Cuesta then moved for leave to amend his complaint, but the district judge
denied his motion. He determined that, in the proposed amended complaint, Cuesta
did no better at pleading a plausible basis for the former defendants’ liability. He would
later deny a second motion—which Cuesta filed without complying with Federal Rule
of Civil Procedure 15(a)(2)—for it was filed without the defendants’ consent, very late
in the case, and with no good reason for the untimeliness.

      Trevino and Barker moved for summary judgment, arguing that they were not
personally involved in the purported constitutional violations. Cuesta insisted that
Trevino provided deficient care because she did not conduct tests on his back injury,
ask him questions about his symptoms, or record his medical history. Because he was in
pain and distress, she should have renewed his low-bunk restriction for more than one
month. Cuesta also faulted both Trevino and Barker for preventing him from obtaining
treatment from a back specialist.

       The district court granted the defendants’ motion for summary judgment. The
judge concluded that Trevino’s treatment of Cuesta was consistent with the care
provided by other medical professionals and was not so egregious that it could meet the
high standard of deliberate indifference. And Barker had given Cuesta the information
he needed to request a back specialist. On appeal, Cuesta does not raise any argument
about Barker’s purported unlawful conduct so we will comment no more about her.

       Cuesta argues that Trevino violated his Eighth Amendment rights by denying
his informal requests to see a physician with more experience, namely a non-DOC back
specialist. But Cuesta never completed the steps to see an outside specialist, though he
was made aware of them. To be liable for an Eighth Amendment deliberate-indifference
claim, a defendant must be personally involved in the constitutional deprivation. Arnett
v. Webster, 658 F.3d 742, 757 (7th Cir. 2011). Trevino was not personally responsible for
No. 18-1965                                                                          Page 4

the policy requiring Cuesta to submit a written request to see an outside specialist, or
his failure to comply with that policy. 1

        Cuesta next argues that Trevino, whom he says was “not competent to evaluate
the significance of my back muscle pain,” violated the Eighth Amendment with her
substandard treatment. But Cuesta must show Trevino’s medical care was “such ‘a
substantial departure from accepted professional judgment, practice, or standards as to
demonstrate that the person responsible did not base the decision on such a judgment.’”
Duckworth v. Ahmad, 532 F.3d 675, 682 (7th Cir. 2008) (quoting Estate of Cole by Pardue v.
Fromm, 94 F.3d 254, 261–62 (7th Cir. 1996)). Cuesta did not submit any evidence that
Trevino’s treatment plan of ice, ibuprofen, one-month extension of the low-bunk
restriction, and exercises to strengthen his muscles rose to this level. Disagreement with
a treatment plan does not establish an Eighth Amendment violation. Cesal v. Moats, 851
F.3d 714, 721 (7th Cir. 2017). Nor does evidence of negligence or medical malpractice.
Id. at 724.

        Next, Cuesta argues that the district court abused its discretion by denying his
motions for leave to amend his complaint to allow him to sue the previously dismissed
defendants. Specifically, he contends that the warden and complaint examiners violated
his constitutional rights because they failed to correct a policy that allows nurses to
“improperly diagnose[] and dispense[] medications without adequate supervision.” But
the district court did not abuse its considerable discretion because in his first proposed
amended complaint, Cuesta did not allege any actions by these defendants that
plausibly could have violated the Eighth Amendment. He did not allege that they
crafted or implemented an actual or de facto “policy” of nurses treating inmates
without supervision. He instead asserts merely that the officials knew of Trevino’s
actions but failed to stop them. But if a problem existed with the healthcare system, the
warden and complaint examiners did “not have a free-floating obligation to put things
to rights.” Burks v. Raemisch, 555 F.3d 592, 595 (7th Cir. 2009). Instead, they were
“entitled to relegate to the prison’s medical staff the provision of good medical care.” Id.
at 595.

      The district court did not abuse its discretion when it denied Cuesta’s second
motion for leave to amend because Cuesta did not comply with Federal Rule of Civil

1
 Because Cuesta did not follow the required procedures, we need not decide whether
the policy of requiring an inmate to pay all expenses passes constitutional muster. We
reserve that issue for a case in which it matters to the outcome.
No. 18-1965                                                                        Page 5

Procedure 15(a)(2). He did not obtain the defendants’ written consent to amend after
the filing of a summary-judgment motion. And the court reasonably denied permission
because Cuesta did not give a “good reason” for seeking leave well after the
summary-judgment motion was filed. See Trustmark Ins. Co. v. Gen. & Cologne Life Re of
Am., 424 F.3d 542, 553 (7th Cir. 2005). Moreover, the court added, Cuesta still had not
plausibly alleged that the dismissed defendants violated the Constitution.

       Last, we note that Cuesta’s other contentions—(1) that the Committee terminated
his low-bunk restriction by looking at his “written” medical file without conducting
“any medical examination;” (2) that he actually did “file[] all applications to see a back
specialist;” (3) that the prison failed to create a “system for identifying inmates with
medical needs;” and (4) that there is no central coordination within the Health Services
Unit—are waived because he did not first present them to the district court. See G & S
Holdings LLC v. Cont'l Cas. Co., 697 F.3d 534, 538 (7th Cir. 2012).

                                                                              AFFIRMED