Court Opinion

ID: 3082484
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-16 02:09:15.494334+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:42:13.752766
License: Public Domain

In The
              Court of Appeals
Sixth Appellate District of Texas at Texarkana

                  No. 06-12-00108-CR

       CHRISTOPHER DEE BESHIRS, Appellant

                           V.

           THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee

          On Appeal from the 7th District Court
                  Smith County, Texas
              Trial Court No. 007-1031-11

       Before Morriss, C.J., Carter and Moseley, JJ.
      Memorandum Opinion by Chief Justice Morriss
                                       MEMORANDUM OPINION
           Christopher Dee Beshirs complains concerning the court costs assessed in the sum of

$818.00, in the aftermath of his Smith County1 jury conviction of driving while intoxicated, third

or more. 2 On appeal, Beshirs complains that the trial court’s imposition of $818.00 in court

costs and its notice of withdrawal were not supported by sufficient evidence. Beshirs also

complains of a notice to withdraw, from his inmate trust account, funds in the amount of

$10,878.00 issued by the court directing the withdrawal, which includes a $10,000.00 fine. See

TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 501.014(e) (West 2012). We modify, and affirm as modified, the

withdrawal order to reflect a withdrawal of $10,513.00 and the trial court’s judgment to reflect

costs of $513.00.

           “A clerk of a court is required to keep a fee record, and a statement of an item therein is

prima facie evidence of the correctness of the statement.” Owen v. State, 352 S.W.3d 542, 548

(Tex. App.—Amarillo 2011, no pet.) (citing TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 103.009(a), (c)

(West 2006)). “A cost is not payable by the person charged with the cost until a written bill is

produced or is ready to be produced, containing the items of cost, signed by the officer who

charged the costs or the officer who is entitled to receive payment for the cost.” TEX. CODE

CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 103.001 (West 2006). “In other words, a certified bill of costs imposes an

obligation on a criminal defendant to pay court costs, irrespective of whether or not that bill is

1
 Originally appealed to the Twelfth Court of Appeals, this case was transferred to this Court by the Texas Supreme
Court pursuant to its docket equalization efforts. See TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 73.001 (West 2013). We are
unaware of any conflict between precedent of the Twelfth Court of Appeals and that of this Court on any relevant
issue. See TEX. R. APP. P. 41.3.
2
    Beshirs received an enhanced sentence of twenty years’ imprisonment and was ordered to pay a $10,000.00 fine.

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incorporated by reference into the written judgment.” Owen, 352 S.W.3d at 547. Absent a

certified bill of costs, the record is insufficient to support the order of court costs, and there is no

obligation to pay it.

           The trial court orally pronounced that Beshirs would be required to pay “any unpaid

taxable court costs.” The listed costs total the amount of $818.00,3 made up of $518.00 in court

costs and $300.00 in attorney’s fees. Beshirs argues that the record fails to indicate that he had

the ability to pay the $300.00 in attorney’s fees. This claim of insufficient evidence to support

court costs is reviewable on direct appeal. Mayer v. State, 309 S.W.3d 552, 556 (Tex. Crim.

App. 2010); Johnson v. State, 389 S.W.3d 513, 514 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2012, no

pet.). 4

           Counsel was appointed to represent Beshirs after the trial court found him to be indigent. 5

“Fees for court-appointed representation are often included in a bill of costs.” Armstrong v.

3
 The original clerk’s record filed with this Court did not contain a bill of costs. Beshirs filed a motion requesting
that this Court order the supplementation of the record with a bill of costs. We issued an order directing the district
clerk to supplement the record with a bill of costs should one exist or, in the alternative, to provide a certified
statement that no such bill existed. Pursuant to our order, the clerk produced a signed bill of costs October 26, 2012.
See TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 103.001. Since the supplementation of the record, Beshirs has not offered
any argument that any of the identified court costs are incorrect (except the amount included as attorney’s fees).
4
 Beshirs suggests that Johnson prohibits this Court’s consideration of the supplemental clerk’s record. In Johnson,
the district clerk filed an affidavit with the Fourteenth Court of Appeals swearing that the record did not contain a
bill of costs. After oral argument, the clerk supplemented the record with a computer screen printout from the Harris
County Justice Information Management System showing court costs in the appellant’s case. She did not retract her
earlier affidavit swearing that there was no bill of costs. The computer printout was not a signed bill of costs as
required by statute. TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 103.001. In this case, the district clerk complied with this
Court’s order by producing a bill of costs meeting the requirements of Article 103.001. See Cardenas v. State,
No. 01-11-01123-CR, 2013 Tex. App. LEXIS 2980 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] Mar. 21, 2013, no pet.).
5
 “We also observe that article 26.04(p), provides that ‘[a] defendant who is determined by the court to be indigent is
presumed to remain indigent for the remainder of the proceedings in the case unless a material change in the
defendant’s financial circumstances occurs.’” Mayer, 309 S.W.3d 557; see TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art.
26.04(p) (West Supp. 2012).
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State, 340 S.W.3d 759, 765 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011). Under Texas Code of Criminal Procedure

Article 26.05(g), a trial court has the authority to order the reimbursement of court-appointed

attorney fees under certain circumstances.

        If the court determined that a defendant has financial resources that enable him to
        offset in part or in whole the costs of the legal services provided, including any
        expenses and costs, the court shall order the defendant to pay during the pendency
        of the charges or, if convicted, as court costs the amount that it finds the
        defendant is able to pay.

TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 26.05(g) (West Supp. 2012). “[T]he defendant’s financial

resources and ability to pay are explicit critical elements in the trial court’s determination of the

propriety of ordering reimbursement of costs and fees.” Armstrong, 340 S.W.3d at 765–66

(quoting Mayer, 309 S.W.3d at 556). Here, the State concedes that the record before us does not

contain any determination or finding by the trial court that Beshirs had any financial resources or

was “able to pay” the appointed attorney’s fees.            Thus, the assessment of the $300.00 in

attorney’s fees was erroneous and should be deleted. See Rodriguez v. State, No. 06-12-00167-

CR, 2013 WL 375408, at *1 (Tex. App.—Texarkana Jan. 31, 2013, no pet.) (mem. op., not

designated for publication); Proctor v. State, No. 12-11-00335-CR, 2012 WL 3804371, at *2

(Tex. App.—Tyler Aug. 31, 2012, pet. ref’d) (mem. op., not designated for publication) (remove

attorney’s fees from costs imposed absent record indicating defendant was able to pay). 6 This

point of error is sustained.

6
 Although these unpublished cases have no precedential value, we may take guidance from them “as an aid in
developing reasoning that may be employed.” Carrillo v. State, 98 S.W.3d 789, 794 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2003,
pet. ref’d).
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       The supplemented clerk’s record contains a certified bill of costs supporting a $518.00

assessment of court costs, beyond the attorney’s fees discussed above.        The State further

concedes that this amount included an erroneously charged $5.00 assessment for the graffiti

eradication fund. We modify the trial court’s judgment by deleting the $300.00 assessment of

attorney’s fees and the $5.00 graffiti eradication fund fee from the $818.00 imposed in the

judgment, leaving $513.00 as the total amount of court costs to be imposed.

       Also, because Beshirs complains of the withdrawal order, we are called on to consider

whether to modify the withdrawal order. There is authority that a withdrawal order is not an

appealable order and that we should abate the case to the trial court to modify the withdrawal

order. In Cuba v. State, No. 06-12-00106-CR, 2012 Tex. App. LEXIS 10260, at *2 n.2 (Tex.

App.—Texarkana Dec. 11, 2012, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication), we refused

to modify a withdrawal order, citing Harrell v. State, 286 S.W.3d 315, 316 (Tex. 2009);

Goodspeed v. State, 352 S.W.3d 714 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2011, pet. denied). Both Harrell

and Goodspeed were appeals of the means of collection of court costs occurring after the

criminal conviction had become final. Harrell, 286 S.W.3d at 316; Goodspeed, 352 S.W.3d at

714. This case is distinguishable from Harrell and Goodspeed in that the modification is being

requested in a direct appeal of a criminal conviction. The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, in

Armstrong, did not resolve whether a withdrawal order can be modified in a criminal appeal.

Armstrong, 340 S.W.3d at 763 & n.7. Several Texas cases, decided since the Texas Court of

Criminal Appeals decision in Armstrong, have modified withdrawal orders in direct appeals that

address the sufficiency of the evidence. See Perez v. State, No. 07-12-0066-CR, 2012 Tex. App.

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LEXIS 5635 (Tex. App.—Amarillo July 12, 2012, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for

publication); Hindman v. State, No. 07-10-00243-CR, 2012 Tex. App. LEXIS 5017 (Tex.

App.—Amarillo June 22, 2012, pet. ref’d) (mem. op., not designated for publication); Salgado v.

State, No. 11-10-00185-CR, 2012 Tex. App. LEXIS 5006 (Tex. App.—Eastland June 21, 2012,

no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for publication).

       Once an appellate court has jurisdiction over a criminal case, it has jurisdiction over the

entire criminal case. See Pfeiffer v. State, 363 S.W.3d 594, 599 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012).

       In sum, a proper notice of appeal in a criminal case confers jurisdiction on a court
       of appeals, and that court then has the authority to address any issue or claim
       pertinent to the judgment or order appealed from unless otherwise restricted by
       statute.

Id. When a case “is essentially criminal, the presence of civil law issues will not remove the

matter from our jurisdiction.” Armstrong, 340 S.W.3d at 765 (quoting State ex rel. Holmes v.

Honorable Court of Appeals for Third District, 885 S.W.2d 389, 394 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994)

(orig. proceeding). The general principles of Pfeiffer and Holmes suggest that, because we are

faced with a direct appeal of a criminal conviction, we also have the authority to modify a

withdrawal order in such a case.

       This direct appeal is just such a case. The need to modify the withdrawal order stems

directly from our resolution of the evidentiary sufficiency challenge to the court costs in a direct

appeal and is vital to ensure the implementation of our conclusions. The notice of appeal in this

case gave us jurisdiction over the entire case, and, although post-conviction collection efforts are

civil matters, we conclude that we have jurisdiction to modify the withdrawal order.

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       The only added question we must address related to the withdrawal order is its inclusion

of the $10,000.00 fine in the funds to be withdrawn. Since a fine is punitive and part of a

convicted defendant’s sentence, it can be collected by withdrawal order, regardless of proof of

the defendant’s ability to pay. Id. at 767 (punitive nature); Williams v. State, 332 S.W.3d 694,

700 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2011, pet. denied) (withdrawal order approved).

       We modify the judgment to reflect assessed costs in the sum of just $513.00. We modify

the withdrawal order to direct the withdrawal limited to the sum of $10,513.00. As so modified,

we affirm the trial court’s judgment and the withdrawal order.

                                                    Josh R. Morriss, III
                                                    Chief Justice

Date Submitted:       April 12, 2013
Date Decided:         April 24, 2013

Do Not Publish

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