Court Opinion

ID: 3202355
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-05-11 01:12:17.373647+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:09:05.138117
License: Public Domain

J-A08043-16

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,            :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                         :         PENNSYLVANIA
              Appellee                   :
                                         :
     v.                                  :
                                         :
ADAM KAUFMAN,                            :
                                         :
              Appellant                  :   No. 2339 EDA 2015

                 Appeal from the Order August 3, 2015
           in the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County
           Criminal Division at No(s): CP-46-MD-0001539-2015

BEFORE:    BOWES, OLSON, and STRASSBURGER,* JJ.

MEMORANDUM BY STRASSBURGER, J.:          FILED MAY 10, 2016

     Adam Kaufman (Appellant) appeals pro se from the order entered on

August 3, 2015, which denied his request to file a summary appeal nunc pro

tunc. We affirm.

     On February 17, 2015, Appellant was convicted by Magisterial District

Judge Christopher J. Cerski of summary retail theft and sentenced to pay a

fine of $254.49.   Pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 460, Appellant had 30 days in

which to file a summary appeal for a trial de novo in the Court of Common

Pleas of Montgomery County. He did not do so.

     On June 9, 2015, Appellant filed with the trial court a motion to file a

summary appeal nunc pro tunc. In that motion, Appellant claimed that he

did not file a summary appeal in a timely fashion because he had a “mental

disorder.” Motion to File Summary Appeal Nunc Pro Tunc, 6/9/2015.

*Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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Appellant further claimed that when he committed the retail theft, he “was

laboring under such a defect of reason” that he “did not know what [he] was

accused of committing was wrong.” Id. The trial court scheduled a hearing

on the motion for August 3, 2015.

      Appellant did not appear at the hearing on August 3, 2015, and the

trial court denied Appellant’s motion.     Appellant timely filed a notice of

appeal to this Court.    Both Appellant and the trial court complied with

Pa.R.A.P. 1925.

      Appellant’s brief on appeal consists of two single-spaced pages

explaining his mental health treatment, condemning Magisterial District

Judge Cerski’s behavior, and chastising the United States government for

giving tax breaks to corporations that result in mass layoffs. Appellant’s Brief

at 1-2 (unnumbered). Despite Appellant’s defective brief,1 we address the

single issue available to Appellant at this juncture, which is whether the trial

court erred in denying Appellant’s motion to file a summary appeal nunc pro

tunc. In considering this issue, we bear in mind the following.

      [T]he allowance of appeal nunc pro tunc is within the sound
      discretion of the trial court, and our scope of review of a decision
      of whether to permit an appeal nunc pro tunc is limited to a
      determination of whether the trial court has abused its discretion
      or committed an error of law. Orders granting or denying [a]
      petition to appeal nunc pro tunc are reversible [only] in

1
  We are cognizant that Appellant’s pro se brief does not comply with any of
the mandates set forth in Pa.R.A.P. 2111 through 2119. However, because
the issue before us is narrow and straightforward, we will address the merits
of the claim.

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      instances where the court abused its discretion or where the
      court drew an erroneous legal conclusion.
                                    ***

      Rule [460] of the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure
      provides that an appeal from a summary conviction must be filed
      within thirty days from the date of the conviction. Further, …
      judicial extensions of time are specifically prohibited by Section
      5504 of the Judicial Code, except to relieve fraud or its
      equivalent.

              A party seeking leave to appeal from a summary
      conviction nunc pro tunc has the burden of demonstrating two
      things: (1) that the delay in filing his appeal was caused by
      extraordinary circumstances involving fraud or a wrongful or
      negligent act of a court official resulting in injury to that party
      and (2) that upon learning of the existence of the grounds relied
      upon for nunc pro tunc relief, he acted promptly to seek such
      relief.

Commonwealth v. Yohe, 641 A.2d 1210, 1211-12 (Pa. Super. 1994)

(internal citations and quotation marks omitted).

       In denying Appellant’s petition, the trial court concluded that “[b]y

failing to appear at the scheduled hearing, Appellant forfeited his right to

present evidence as to why he should be permitted to file a summary appeal

nunc pro tunc.” Trial Court Opinion, 9/17/2015, at 2.

      In Yohe, the trial court granted Yohe leave to file a summary appeal

nunc pro tunc on the basis of statements made by Yohe’s counsel at a

colloquy conducted by the trial court and assistant district attorney.      This

Court reversed, holding that the “trial court abused its discretion in granting

the subject petition on the basis of speculation, rather than on record facts.”

Yohe, 641 A.2d at 1212. This Court emphasized that it was Yohe’s “burden

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to create a record establishing his request for leave to appeal nunc pro tunc.

At the very least, [Yohe] was required to proffer, and the trial court was

obliged to receive, some evidence on the record, before [Yohe’s] petition for

leave to appeal nunc pro tunc could be granted” Id.

      Based on the foregoing, we hold that the trial court did not abuse its

discretion in concluding that Appellant’s failing to appear for the hearing

rendered it impossible for the trial court to grant Appellant leave to file his

appeal nunc pro tunc.

      We recognize that Appellant attempted to utilize his statement filed

pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925 to justify his failure to appear at the hearing.

However, it is well-settled that “[b]ecause issues not raised in the lower

court are waived and cannot be raised for the first time on appeal, a 1925(b)

statement can … never be used to raise a claim in the first instance.”

Steiner v. Markel, 968 A.2d 1253, 1257 (Pa. 2009). Thus, by attempting

to use his 1925(b) statement to justify his failure to appear at the hearing,

Appellant has waived these issues.

      Even if this issue were raised properly, Appellant would not be entitled

to relief for the reasons set forth in the trial court opinion.

            Appellant … filed a 1925(b) statement explaining his
      absence at the hearing. In short, he states that he was unable
      to appear at the hearing because his car was towed on August 1,
      2015, which he did not know until August 3, 2015 (the date of
      the hearing); therefore he had no transportation to the
      courthouse that morning. Appellant also explains that he was
      not familiar with the public transit system to take him from
      Philadelphia to Norristown and he had no way to figure this out.

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      Finally, he asks this [c]ourt to consider his explanation in light
      [of] the fact that he was recently hospitalized at a mental facility
      where he had been treated for depression with psychotic
      features.

            Even if [the trial c]ourt assumes that all of these
      allegations are true, Appellant fails to explain why he could not
      simply call chambers prior to the hearing to explain why he could
      not simply be present at his scheduled hearing at the scheduled
      time, and to request a continuance.

Trial Court Opinion, 9/17/2015, at 2.

      Having concluded that the trial court did not err in denying Appellant’s

motion for leave to file a summary appeal nunc pro tunc, we affirm the order

of the trial court.

      Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.

Prothonotary

Date: 5/10/2016

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