Court Opinion

ID: 9472021
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-05 03:47:07.473477+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:42:42.151982
License: Public Domain

CHOY, Circuit Judge,
dissenting in part:
A Miranda warning is judged from a practical viewpoint, Camacho v. United States, 407 F.2d 39, 42 n. 2 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 396 U.S. 944, 90 S.Ct. 380, 24 L.Ed.2d 245 (1969), and is considered adequate if it conveys the substance of the defendant’s constitutional rights, see California v. Prysock, 453 U.S. 355, 359-60, 101 S.Ct. 2806, 2809-10, 69 L.Ed.2d 696 (1981). I believe that the warning given adequately informed Noti, in a practical common-sense way, that he had an unqualified right to have an attorney present in general, and that he was entitled to have the attorney there before any questioning began.
Noti was not “specifically told that he had the right to have an attorney present during actual questioning, yet such an inference can readily be drawn from the circumstances of the warning.” United States v. Cusumano, 429 F.2d 378, 380 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 830, 91 S.Ct. 61, 27 L.Ed.2d 61 (1970); accord Sweeney v. United States, 408 F.2d 121, 124 (9th Cir. 1969) (dictum). Other circuits have held that a specific reference in the Miranda warning to a right to have an attorney present during the questioning is unnecessary. United States v. Adams, 484 F.2d 357, 361-62 (7th Cir.1973); Tasby v. United States, 451 F.2d 394, 398-99 (8th Cir.1971), cert. denied, 405 U.S. 992, 92 S.Ct. 1262, 31 L.Ed.2d 459, 406 U.S. 922, 92 S.Ct. 1787, 32 L.Ed.2d 122 (1972). I would hold that Noti’s Miranda rights were not violated.