Court Opinion

ID: 4080677
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-10-07 20:01:17.976371+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:19:50.478849
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                            OCT 07 2016
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

DR. BARRY FREEMAN, an individual,                No.    14-56511

              Plaintiff-Appellant,               D.C. No. 8:14-cv-00107-JLS-AN

       v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
COUNTY OF ORANGE, by and through
the Orange County Sheriff’s Department a
government entity; BYRON MOLDO,
court-appointed receiver; MARC
FRIEDMAN, an individual; REBECCA
FRIEDMAN, an individual,

              Defendants-Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Central District of California
                   Josephine L. Staton, District Judge, Presiding

                           Submitted August 31, 2016**
                              Pasadena, California

Before: SILVERMAN, FISHER and WATFORD, Circuit Judges.

         *
          This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
         **
          The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
       Dr. Barry Freeman appeals the district court’s dismissal of his 42 U.S.C.

§ 1983 and negligence claims against a receiver appointed by a California family

court.1 The district court concluded it lacked subject matter jurisdiction under

Barton v. Barbour, 104 U.S. 126, 131 (1881). We affirm.

       Freeman argues Barton applies only to receivers appointed by federal courts,

not state family courts. This argument is both unsupported and unpersuasive.

Barton itself concerned a receiver appointed by a Virginia state court being sued in

the District of Columbia. See Barton, 104 U.S. at 126-27.

       Freeman’s argument that his failure to obtain leave to sue from the

appointing state court is not a jurisdictional failing is likewise unpersuasive.

Barton held federal courts are without jurisdiction to entertain suits against

receivers without permission from the appointing court. See Barton, 104 U.S. at

131-32, 136-37; Med. Dev. Int’l v. Cal. Dep’t of Corr. & Rehab., 585 F.3d 1211,

1216-17 (9th Cir. 2009). Therefore, the district court properly treated this failure

as a jurisdictional defect.

       We need not decide whether the statutory exception to Barton set out in 28

U.S.C. § 959(a) applies to receivers appointed by state courts because Freeman has

       1
        The district court also dismissed Freeman’s claims against the County of
Orange, Marc Friedman and Rebecca Friedman. Freeman did not contest those
orders, however, and they are not the subject of this appeal.

                                           2
not stated a claim under that section. All of Freeman’s claims concern the validity

of the receivership. Such a challenge is not the type of traditional torts claim

covered under the § 959(a) exception. See In re Crown Vantage, Inc., 421 F.3d

963, 972 (9th Cir. 2005); see also Med. Dev. Int’l, 585 F.3d at 1218-19. Further,

even if Freeman’s negligence claim fell under § 959(a), there is no good reason for

the exercise of supplemental jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1367.

      Finally, the receiver did not act ultra vires. Unlike the receiver in Leonard v.

Vrooman, 383 F.2d 556, 560 (9th Cir. 1967), the receiver in this case proceeded

according to the orders of the appointing court. Allowing Freeman to challenge

those orders would go against the central purpose of Barton, which is to prevent

one court from usurping the powers of another. See Barton, 104 U.S. at 136. We

are without jurisdiction to do so.

      AFFIRMED.

      The unopposed motions of Appellee Byron Z. Moldo to take judicial notice

of various state judicial proceedings, filed May 29, 2015 and April 27, 2016, are

GRANTED.

                                           3