Court Opinion

ID: 4108942
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-12-20 16:07:38.386529+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:50:11.868129
License: Public Domain

MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this
Memorandum Decision shall not be                                          FILED
regarded as precedent or cited before any                             Dec 20 2016, 9:01 am
court except for the purpose of establishing
the defense of res judicata, collateral                                   CLERK
                                                                      Indiana Supreme Court
                                                                         Court of Appeals
estoppel, or the law of the case.                                          and Tax Court

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANTS                                  ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
John P. Daly, Jr.                                        Thomas M. Kimbrough
Golitko & Daly, PC                                       William A. Ramsey
Indianapolis, Indiana                                    Barrett McNagny LLP
                                                         Fort Wayne, Indiana

                                          IN THE
    COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

Ricky L. Baker and Victoria                              December 20, 2016
Baker,                                                   Court of Appeals Case No.
Appellants-Plaintiffs,                                   49A02-1605-CT-1060
                                                         Appeal from the Marion Superior
        v.                                               Court
                                                         The Honorable John F. Hanley,
Fall Creek Housing Partners,                             Judge
LLC,                                                     Trial Court Cause No. 49D11-
Appellee-Defendant.                                      1407-CT-24953

Brown, Judge.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016      Page 1 of 10
[1]   Ricky L. Baker and Victoria Baker (together, the “Bakers”) appeal from the trial

      court’s February 26, 2016 order granting summary judgment in favor of Fall

      Creek Housing Partners, LLC (“Fall Creek”). We find one issue dispositive,

      which is whether the court’s February 26, 2016 order is an appealable order.

      We dismiss.

                                      Facts and Procedural History

[2]   Ricky Baker, who was an employee of Waste Management, Inc. (“Waste

      Management”), visited an apartment rental property in Indianapolis owned by

      Fall Creek to unload trash compactor containers on September 24, 2012, and

      was injured.

[3]   The Bakers filed a complaint for damages in July 2014 and, with the court’s

      approval, an amended complaint for damages in September 2014 against

      Buckingham Urban Properties, LLC (“Buckingham”), JV Manufacturing Inc.

      d/b/a Cram-A-Lot (“JV”), and Cram-A-Lot Logistics, LLC (“Cram-A-Lot”), 1

      alleging that Ricky was employed by Waste Management; that Buckingham

      purchased or leased from Cram-A-Lot and/or JV a trash compactor for use at a

      property in Indianapolis; that Buckingham contracted with Waste Management

      for trash removal at the property including emptying the Cram-A-Lot and/or

      JV trash compactor; that Ricky was a business invitee on the property working

      1
        In their motion to amend the complaint, the Bakers stated they filed the original complaint against
      Buckingham and Cram-A-Lot, and that “Cram-A-Lot Logistics, LLC has properly identified themselves . . .
      as JV Manufacturing, Inc. d/b/a Cram-A-Lot,” and they sought leave to amend their complaint to add JV as
      a party to the action. Appellant’s Appendix, Volume 2, at 33.

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016    Page 2 of 10
      within the course and scope of his employment with Waste Management when

      he was injured; that on or about September 24, 2012, Ricky was on the property

      to empty a trash compactor when the compactor moved crushing his hand; that

      the compactor had been placed on a slope by employees and/or agents of

      Buckingham and/or Cram-A-Lot and/or JV; and that Ricky was seriously

      injured.

[4]   On October 9, 2014, Buckingham filed an Answer to Amended Complaint,

      Affirmative Defenses, Third Party Complaint, and Jury Demand. In its third

      party complaint, Buckingham alleged in part that Buckingham Management,

      LLC (“Buckingham Management”) is responsible for managing real estate

      including that occupied by Buckingham; that it entered into a Periodic Services

      Agreement with Waste Management for the collection and disposal of waste;

      that, pursuant to the Agreement, Waste Management is required to indemnify it

      and hold it and its affiliate or subsidiary Buckingham harmless for any claims

      by an employee of Waste Management in the performance of the Agreement;

      and that Waste Management is required to defend and indemnify Buckingham

      from the claims of the Bakers. Buckingham requested that the court enter

      judgment in its favor and against Waste Management and that Waste

      Management be ordered to defend and indemnify Buckingham.

[5]   Counsel for Waste Management filed an appearance, and Waste Management

      filed an answer to Buckingham’s third party complaint denying that it is

      required to defend and indemnify Buckingham. In February 2015, Waste

      Management filed a motion for leave to file a counterclaim against Buckingham

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 3 of 10
      stating that it has denied and continues to deny any liability to Buckingham and

      seeking leave to file a counterclaim so as to recover its attorney fees, costs, and

      expenses incurred and to be incurred by Waste Management in its defense to

      the third party complaint. On March 9, 2015, the court granted Waste

      Management’s motion for leave to file its counterclaim against Buckingham

      and ordered that the counterclaim was deemed filed as of the date of the order.

      On March 27, 2015, Buckingham filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings

      as to Waste Management’s counterclaim.

[6]   On November 23, 2015, the parties filed a Joint Stipulation to Amend Caption

      and Substitute Parties, stating that at the time the action was initially filed

      confusion existed as to the location of the accident that is the subject of the

      Bakers’ complaint and Buckingham’s third party complaint, and that discovery

      has revealed the location of the incident. The Stipulation stated that the owner

      of the premises on which the incident occurred was Fall Creek and not

      Buckingham, and that Buckingham should be dismissed and Fall Creek

      substituted as a defendant on the Bakers’ claim, as the third party plaintiff on

      the third party complaint against Waste Management, and as the defendant on

      Waste Management’s counterclaim to the third party complaint.

[7]   On November 25, 2015, Fall Creek filed a motion for summary judgment, a

      memorandum in support of the motion, and a designation of evidence which

      included the deposition of Ricky and the Periodic Services Agreement between

      Waste Management and Buckingham Management as agent for property

      owners including Fall Creek. The Bakers filed their opposition and designated

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 4 of 10
      evidence. Fall Creek filed a motion to strike and reply in support of its

      summary judgment motion which stated in part that the Bakers cited to an

      owners’ manual that was not designated.

[8]   On February 1, 2016, the court held a hearing on Fall Creek’s summary

      judgment motion. 2 On February 25, 2016, it entered an order of dismissal

      which stated that a joint stipulation of partial dismissal as to JV and Cram-A-

      Lot was before the court and ordered that JV and Cram-A-Lot be dismissed

      from the action.

[9]   On February 26, 2016, the court entered an order which: denied Fall Creek’s

      March 27, 2015 motion for judgment on the pleadings as to Waste

      Management’s counterclaim; granted Fall Creek’s motion to strike as to

      references made by the Bakers to an owners’ manual and denied it in all other

      respects; granted Fall Creek’s November 25, 2015 motion for summary

      judgment; and ordered that Fall Creek submit a proposed judgment entry to the

      court within ten days. An entry in the chronological case summary (the

      “CCS”) dated March 8, 2016, states in part: “Order Signed: 03/07/2016” and

      “Per Order and Jacket entry. Entry of Judgment.” 3 Appellant’s Appendix,

      Volume 2, at 11. The Bakers filed a motion to correct error on March 15, 2016,

      and after a hearing 4 the court denied the motion on April 27, 2016. On May

      2
          The record does not contain a transcript of the hearing.
      3
          The record does not include a copy of this order.
      4
          The record does not contain a transcript of the hearing.

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 5 of 10
       10, 2016, the Bakers filed their notice of appeal from the trial court’s February

       26, 2016 order.

                                                   Discussion

[10]   The dispositive issue is whether the trial court’s February 26, 2016 order is an

       appealable order. This court may sua sponte raise the issue of whether it has

       jurisdiction over an appeal. See Blinn v. Dyer, 19 N.E.3d 821, 822 (Ind. Ct. App.

       2014). “The authority of the Indiana Supreme Court and Court of Appeals to

       exercise appellate jurisdiction is generally limited to appeals from final

       judgments.” Ramsey v. Moore, 959 N.E.2d 246, 251 (Ind. 2012) (quoting Allstate

       Ins. Co. v. Fields, 842 N.E.2d 804, 806 (Ind. 2006), reh’g denied). We have the

       duty to determine whether we have jurisdiction over an appeal before

       proceeding to determine the rights of the parties on the merits. Allstate Ins. Co. v.

       Scroghan, 801 N.E.2d 191, 193 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004), trans. denied. Pursuant to

       Ind. Appellate Rule 5, this court has jurisdiction over appeals from final

       judgments of trial courts and only those interlocutory orders from trial courts

       that are brought in accordance with Ind. Appellate Rule 14.

[11]   Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H) provides that a judgment is a final judgment if:

               (1)     it disposes of all claims as to all parties;
               (2)     the trial court in writing expressly determines under Trial
                       Rule 54(B) or Trial Rule 56(C) that there is no just reason
                       for delay and in writing expressly directs the entry of
                       judgment (i) under Trial Rule 54(B) as to fewer than all the
                       claims or parties, or (ii) under Trial Rule 56(C) as to fewer
                       than all the issues, claims or parties;

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 6 of 10
               (3)     it is deemed final under Trial Rule 60(C);
               (4)     it is a ruling on either a mandatory or permissive Motion
                       to Correct Error which was timely filed under Trial Rule
                       59 or Criminal Rule 16; or
               (5)     it is otherwise deemed final by law.

[12]   The Bakers’ notice of appeal identifies the order being appealed as the trial

       court’s February 26, 2016 order, states that a motion to correct error was denied

       April 27, 2016, and indicates that the basis for appellate jurisdiction is that the

       appeal is taken from a final judgment as defined by Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H).

[13]   The record reveals that the court’s February 26, 2016 order granted Fall Creek’s

       November 25, 2015 motion for summary judgment and denied Fall Creek’s

       March 27, 2015 motion for judgment on the pleadings as to Waste

       Management’s counterclaim to Fall Creek’s third party complaint. However,

       the February 26, 2016 order did not enter judgment with respect to Fall Creek’s

       third party complaint against Waste Management or Waste Management’s

       counterclaim against Fall Creek. The Bakers do not direct our attention to the

       record to demonstrate that Fall Creek’s third party complaint and Waste

       Management’s counterclaim had been dismissed or that the trial court had

       entered judgment on the third party complaint and counterclaim.

[14]   Based upon the record, the court’s February 26, 2016 order does not dispose of

       all claims as to all parties, and thus the order is not a final judgment under Ind.

       Appellate Rule 2(H)(1). Cf. Ozinga Transp. Sys., Inc. v. Michigan Ash Sales, Inc.,

       676 N.E.2d 379, 382 (Ind. Ct. App. 1997) (observing that the plaintiffs filed a

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 7 of 10
       complaint against defendants NIPSCO and Michigan Ash alleging negligence;

       that NIPSCO filed a cross-claim against defendant Michigan Ash alleging

       contractual indemnity; that defendant Michigan Ash filed a third-party

       complaint against Ozinga, the injured employee’s employer, alleging

       contractual indemnity based on a contract between Michigan Ash and Ozinga;

       that NIPSCO, Michigan Ash and Ozinga each filed motions for summary

       judgment on the plaintiffs’ original complaint and on the various cross-claims

       and third-party claims; and that the trial court entered an order granting

       summary judgment in favor of NIPSCO and Michigan Ash on the issue of

       negligence, finding that Ozinga owed a duty to defend and indemnify NIPSCO

       and Michigan Ash, and granting summary judgment in favor of NIPSCO and

       Michigan Ash on their respective claims for contractual indemnification,

       indicating the trial court’s order had disposed of all claims as to all parties),

       reh’g denied, trans. denied.

[15]   Further, the court’s February 26, 2016 order does not contain the language

       required by Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H)(2) that there is no just reason for delay. In

       addition, although the Bakers filed a motion on March 15, 2016, titled

       “Plaintiffs’ Motion to Correct Error and Request for Hearing,” that motion is

       more accurately characterized as a motion to reconsider the trial court’s

       February 26, 2016 order granting Fall Creek’s motion for summary judgment.

       See Stephens v. Irvin, 730 N.E.2d 1271, 1277 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000) (treating a

       motion labeled a “Motion to Correct Error” filed before the entry of final

       judgment as a motion to reconsider), affirmed on reh’g, trans. denied; Hubbard v.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 8 of 10
       Hubbard, 690 N.E.2d 1219, 1221 (Ind. Ct. App. 1998) (“[M]otions to reconsider

       are properly made and ruled upon prior to the entry of final judgment” (citing

       Ind. Trial Rule 53.4(A)); Trial Rule 59(C) (providing that motions to correct

       error are to be filed “not later than thirty (30) days after the entry of a final

       judgment”). Thus, a final judgment was not entered under Ind. Appellate Rule

       2(H)(4). We cannot say that the order falls into any of the remaining categories

       of Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H). Accordingly, the appealed order is not a final

       judgment under the definitions of Ind. Appellate Rule 2.

[16]   The Bakers are therefore appealing from an interlocutory order. Parties are

       permitted to appeal “as a matter of right” the following interlocutory orders:

               (1)     For the payment of money;
               (2)     To compel the execution of any document;
               (3)     To compel the delivery or assignment of any securities,
                       evidence of debt, documents or things in action;
               (4)     For the sale or delivery of the possession of real property;
               (5)     Granting or refusing to grant, dissolving, or refusing to
                       dissolve a preliminary injunction;
               (6)     Appointing or refusing to appoint a receiver, or revoking
                       or refusing to revoke the appointment of a receiver;
               (7)     For a writ of habeas corpus not otherwise authorized to be
                       taken directly to the Supreme Court;
               (8)     Transferring or refusing to transfer a case under Trial Rule
                       75; and
               (9)     Issued by an Administrative Agency that by statute is
                       expressly required to be appealed as a mandatory
                       interlocutory appeal.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 9 of 10
       Ind. Appellate Rule 14(A). The trial court’s order does not fit into any of these

       categories. Thus, the Bakers were not entitled to appeal the court’s order as a

       matter of right. An appeal may be taken from other interlocutory orders if the

       trial court certifies its order and this court accepts jurisdiction over the appeal,

       Ind. Appellate Rule 14(B), or if an interlocutory appeal is provided by statute.

       Ind. Appellate Rule 14(D). There is no indication that the Bakers sought

       certification from the trial court or permission from this Court to file a

       discretionary interlocutory appeal, nor have the Bakers stated a statutory right

       to appeal. Accordingly, we dismiss. See Ramsey, 959 N.E.2d at 251-254

       (holding that the Indiana Supreme Court lacked subject matter jurisdiction

       where the appealed order did not dispose of all issues as to all parties and was

       not a final judgment); Moser v. Moser, 838 N.E.2d 532, 535-536 (Ind. Ct. App.

       2005) (dismissing an appeal from an interlocutory order where the appeal was

       not one of right), trans. denied.

                                                   Conclusion

[17]   For the foregoing reasons, we dismiss the Bakers’ appeal of the trial court’s

       February 26, 2016 order.

[18]   Dismissed.

       Robb, J., and Mathias, J., concur.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 49A02-1605-CT-1060 | December 20, 2016   Page 10 of 10