Court Opinion

ID: 4322984
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-10-19 20:00:39.872554+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:46:01.040842
License: Public Domain

FILED
                            NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                             OCT 19 2018
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

JOSE MANUEL PEREZ MORALES,                       No. 15-71697

              Petitioner,                        Agency No. A047-345-446

 v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
JEFFERSON B. SESSIONS III, Attorney
General,

              Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                            Submitted October 16, 2018**
                              San Francisco, California

Before: THOMAS, Chief Judge, GRABER, Circuit Judge, and LASNIK,***
District Judge.

      Petitioner Jose Manuel Perez Morales is a native and citizen of Mexico. He

was admitted to the United States as a lawful permanent resident but, thereafter,

      *
        This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
        The panel unanimously concludes that this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      ***
        The Honorable Robert S. Lasnik, United States District Judge for the
Western District of Washington, sitting by designation.
pleaded guilty to (1) encouraging or inducing an alien to come to, enter, or reside

in the United States, and (2) aiding or abetting, in violation of 8 U.S.C.

§ 1324(a)(1)(A)(iv) and (v)(II). The Board of Immigration Appeals ruled that

Petitioner is removable, as charged, under 8 U.S.C. § 1227(a)(2)(A)(iii), because

he stands convicted of an aggravated felony. We dismiss the petition seeking

review of that decision.

      We lack jurisdiction over a petition for review from a final order of removal

against a non-citizen who is removable for having committed an aggravated felony.

8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(C). But we have jurisdiction to examine our jurisdiction,

including the question, which we review de novo, whether a particular offense is

an aggravated felony that strips us of jurisdiction. Murillo-Prado v. Holder, 735
F.3d 1152, 1155–56 (9th Cir. 2013).

      The relevant statute categorically labels Petitioner’s crimes of conviction

aggravated felonies:

             The term "aggravated felony" means–

             ....

            (N) an offense described in paragraph (1)(A) or (2) of section
      1324(a) of this title (relating to alien smuggling) . . . .

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8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(N). That subsection also provides an exception that is not

relevant here. Petitioner’s argument that the descriptive parenthetical phrase

renders the definition overbroad is unavailing. Congress clearly expressed that,

with one inapplicable exception, all offenses defined in 8 U.S.C.

§ 1324(a)(1)(A)—which includes both of Petitioner’s convictions—are aggravated

felonies. Indeed, we rejected Petitioner’s arguments expressly in Castro-Espinosa

v. Ashcroft, 257 F.3d 1130, 1131–32 (9th Cir. 2001) (order) (internal quotation

marks omitted): "[U]nder a straightforward reading of section 1101(a)(43)(N), the

parenthetical merely describes and does not limit" the specified predicate offenses

that are "included in section 1324(a)(1)(A)." See also United States v. Guzman-

Mata, 579 F.3d 1065, 1068 (9th Cir. 2009) ("We hold that a conviction under 8

U.S.C. § 1324(a)(1) is categorically an "alien smuggling offense" under U.S.S.G.

§ 2L1.2(b)(1)(A).") .

      Petition DISMISSED.

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