Court Opinion

ID: 3099940
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-16 05:01:35.6346+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:51:35.333219
License: Public Domain

AFFIRM; and Opinion Filed August 12, 2013.

                                                             S
                                                          In The
                                                    Court of Appeals
                                             Fifth District of Texas at Dallas

                                                        No. 05-12-01128-CV

                                               ROBERT MASON, Appellant
                                                         V.
                                               DAVID GLICKMAN, Appellee

                                 On Appeal from the 298th Judicial District Court
                                              Dallas County, Texas
                                      Trial Court Cause No. DC-10-15728

                                                              OPINION
                                  Before Justices Moseley, Bridges, and Lang-Miers
                                           Opinion by Justice Lang-Miers
           The trial court granted summary judgment in this defamation case in favor of appellee

David Glickman and against appellant Robert Mason. In this Court, Mason challenges the trial

court’s denial of his motion to obtain release of certain confidential information from the Texas

Department of Family and Protective Services (the “Department”). 1 We affirm.

                                                           BACKGROUND

           The Department initiated an investigation of Mason based on a report that he had hit his

ten-year-old daughter three times, leaving a bruise on her head.                                             After investigating, the

Department “ruled out” physical abuse, i.e., it determined that—based on the available

information—it was reasonable to conclude the alleged abuse did not occur. By statute, the

     1
        Mason briefed a second issue, contending the trial court had been unable to locate and transmit the Department’s records to this Court for
inclusion in our record. Those records have been added as a sealed supplement to the Clerk’s Record, rendering Mason’s second issue moot.
identity of the person who reported the abuse allegations is kept confidential unless the reporter

waives confidentiality or a judge orders disclosure.                                However, Mason contended he was

informed that David Glickman had made the report. Glickman served as a rabbi at Congregation

Shearith Israel, with which the Mason family was associated, and as Educational Director at the

congregation’s school, where Mason’s children attended an after-school program.                                                   Mason

confronted Glickman, but Glickman refused to tell Mason whether he had or had not made the

report.

          Mason sued Glickman for defamation. 2 During discovery, the Department produced a

redacted report that included the child’s statement that Mason had hit her, but did not reveal the

identity of the person who reported that statement to the Department. Mason filed a Motion for

Order to Texas Department of Family and Protective Services for Release of Information

Deemed Confidential (the “Motion”). The parties filed a series of responses, and the trial court

held a hearing on the Motion, at which counsel for the Department appeared by telephone. The

trial court then reviewed the Department’s file in camera and subsequently denied the Motion.

Mason requested findings of fact and conclusions of law on the trial court’s order denying the

Motion, but none were made. Mason did not follow up his request with a Notice of Past Due

Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. See TEX. R. CIV. PRO. 297. As a result, we must

presume the trial court found facts in favor of its order so long as there is any probative evidence

to support those facts. See Allen v. Allen, 717 S.W.2d 311, 313 (Tex. 1986).

          Glickman filed a no-evidence motion for summary judgment, contending Mason could

not establish that Glickman made any statement to the Department, a necessary element of the

     2
         Mason pleaded his case in narrative fashion as “slander per se” and “negligence per se.” However, throughout proceedings below, the
case was addressed as a suit for defamation. During the proceedings in which Mason attempted to learn the name of the reporter, he declared:
“This is a case of defamation and whether what Glickman told CPS is actionable because it was defamatory.”

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defamation claim. 3 The trial court granted Glickman’s motion and signed a final judgment that

Mason take nothing by his claim. Mason appeals.

                                               STANDARD OF REVIEW
          We review a trial court’s decision to allow or disallow disclosure of otherwise

confidential information pursuant to the Texas Family Code for an abuse of discretion. See In re

Fulgium, 150 S.W.3d 252, 255 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2004, no pet.). We will not overrule the

trial court’s decision unless the trial court acted unreasonably or in an arbitrary manner, without

reference to any guiding rules or principles. See Butnaru v. Ford Motor Co., 84 S.W.3d 198, 211

(Tex. 2002). The trial court does not abuse its discretion if some probative evidence reasonably

supports its decision. Id.

                                                         DISCUSSION

          Mason contends the trial court erred in denying the Motion and refusing to disclose the

name of the person or persons who reported him to the Department. The general statutory rule is

that the identity of the person making a report to the Department is confidential. See TEX. FAM.

CODE ANN. § 261.201(a)(1) (West Supp. 2012). If the reporter does not choose to waive

confidentiality, disclosure can only be obtained by compliance with the statutory mechanism

found in the family code. That mechanism provides:

          A court may order the disclosure of information that is confidential under this
          section if:

                    (1) a motion has been filed with the court requesting the release of the
                    information;

                    (2) a notice of hearing has been served on the investigating agency and all
                    other interested parties; and

     3
        Glickman also moved for summary judgment based on the qualified immunity provided by the reporting statute. Because we are
affirming the summary judgment on the no-statement ground, we need not address this second ground. See Wayment v. Tex. Kenworth Co., 248
S.W.3d 883, 886 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2008, no pet.) (citing TEX. R. APP. P. 47.1).

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               (3) after hearing and an in camera review of the requested information, the
               court determines that the disclosure of the requested information is:

                      (A) essential to the administration of justice; and

                      (B) not likely to endanger the life or safety of:

                              (i) a child who is the subject of the report of alleged or
                              suspected abuse or neglect;

                              (ii) a person who makes a report of alleged or suspected
                              abuse or neglect; or

                              (iii) any other person who participates in an investigation of
                              reported abuse or neglect or who provides care for the
                              child.

Id. § 261.201(b). Our record establishes that Mason filed his Motion seeking disclosure of the

identity of the reporter, the trial court held a hearing at which all parties—including the

Department—participated, and the trial court reviewed the Department’s records in camera.

Glickman did offer affidavit testimony that Mason was aggressive toward him and demanded to

know whether he had reported Mason. Glickman also pointed out Mason’s experience with the

martial arts. However, the record contains no evidence that any person’s life or safety could

reasonably have been endangered by the disclosure sought.

       The dispositive issue became whether the disclosure was essential to the administration

of justice. See id. §261.201(b)(3)(A). Mason argued that without disclosure of the reporter’s

identity, his defamation case could not be litigated. The trial court, in the end, had to determine

whether Mason’s being able to litigate his suit was essential to the administration of justice. In

his Motion, Mason contended his litigation was essential because,

       [w]ithout disclosure, no justice will be meted to Robert Mason—or to the
       administration of justice as such—for the damage to Robert’s reputation or
       towards preventing publication of defamatory statements in the future about other
       parents and their children. Glickman should not be permitted an unearned
       privilege to obstruct justice and thereby have his conduct unwarrantedly protected
       by this court.

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We understand Mason to be seeking reparation from Glickman for damaging Mason’s reputation

and deterrence of similar reports that could injure others in the future.

        Glickman has consistently relied upon S.C.S. v. Texas Department of Family and

Protective Services, 2-09-341-CV, 2010 WL 2889664 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth July 22, 2010, no

pet.) (mem. op.). In that case, the Department “ruled out” allegations of physical and sexual

abuse against the appellants, and the appellants sought disclosure of confidential information “to

determine whether criminal action, civil action, or both should be taken against the person

making these ‘false reports.’” Id. at *1. Following a hearing and in camera review of the

Department’s records, the trial court denied the requests for disclosure. The court found as a

matter of fact and concluded as a matter of law that “[d]isclosure of the report and the identity of

the person making report is not essential to the administration of justice.” Id. The court stated it

lacked precedent concluding that “ruled out” allegations of abuse are “automatically deemed

false and without merit.” Id. at *2. The court also stressed that the family code requires

suspected—not necessarily confirmed—child abuse to be reported. Id. (citing TEX. FAM. CODE

ANN. § 261.101(a) (“A person having cause to believe that a child’s physical or mental health or

welfare has been adversely affected by abuse or neglect by any person shall immediately make a

report as provided by this subchapter.”)). The court of appeals ultimately concluded the trial

court could reasonably have determined that the disclosure sought by appellants was not

essential to the administration of justice. Id. at *3.

        Mason argues S.C.S. is not helpful in his case because the appellants in S.C.S. did not

have an existing lawsuit, as he did. Instead, he contends, they were merely “looking for claims”

and “searching for civil or criminal claims of false reporting.” But at the hearing on his own

Motion, Mason was asked why disclosure was essential to the administration of justice in his

case, and he responded: “I don’t know how to proceed with my case against David Glickman or

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to know whether to drop it, I guess, if that’s—if the unredacted intake report is not—not

produced.” We do not see a significant difference between the procedural postures of Mason and

the S.C.S. appellants. Mason also denies that his defamation case is a case for false reporting.

But to prove defamation, Mason would have to show that Glickman published a false statement.

See Turner v. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, 18 S.W.3d 877, 902 (Tex. App.—

Dallas 2000, pet. denied). For purposes of determining whether Mason’s suit is essential to the

administration of justice, we conclude any distinction between his claim and those of the S.C.S.

appellants is one without a substantial difference.

       Additionally, one of Mason’s stated purposes in pursuing this litigation is to deter others

from making what he calls defamatory reports of child abuse. But “[c]onfidentiality is central to

the family code provisions governing the reporting of child abuse, and the State has a compelling

interest in protecting the confidentiality of information used or obtained in an investigation of

alleged or suspected child abuse.” Doe v. Tarrant County Dist. Attorney’s Office, 269 S.W.3d
147, 155 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2008, no pet.) (footnotes omitted). And these confidentiality

provisions represent a determination by the legislature that granting immunity and confidentiality

will encourage reporting of child abuse. Tex. Dept. of Human Servs. v. Benson, 893 S.W.2d 236,

242 (Tex. App—Austin 1995, writ denied). We cannot conclude that discouraging reports of

suspected child abuse is a goal in keeping with that legislative determination.

       In Mason’s case, there was some probative evidence in the Department’s redacted report

that Mason’s daughter said he hit her three times. Regardless of how the reporter—whether it

was Glickman or someone else—learned that information, the child’s statement supports a

statutory duty to report. See TEX. FAM. CODE ANN. § 261.101(a). The statute does not speak to a

duty to investigate; investigation is the Department’s job. We conclude the trial court could have

reasonably determined that the disclosure of the identity of the reporter in Mason’s case was not

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essential to the administration of justice. When we consider the importance of confidentiality in

encouraging the reporting of child abuse, we cannot say the trial court abused its discretion in

denying Mason’s Motion.

       We overrule Mason’s remaining issue.

                                        CONCLUSION

       We affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                     /Elizabeth Lang-Miers/
                                                     ELIZABETH LANG-MIERS
                                                     JUSTICE

121128F.P05

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                                         S
                               Court of Appeals
                        Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                       JUDGMENT

ROBERT MASON, Appellant                              On Appeal from the 298th Judicial District
                                                     Court, Dallas County, Texas
No. 05-12-01128-CV         V.                        Trial Court Cause No. DC-10-15728.
                                                     Opinion delivered by Justice Lang-Miers.
DAVID GLICKMAN, Appellee                             Justices Moseley and Bridges participating.

     In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is
AFFIRMED.

       It is ORDERED that appellee DAVID GLICKMAN recover his costs of this appeal from
appellant ROBERT MASON.

Judgment entered this 12th day of August, 2013.

                                                     /Elizabeth Lang-Miers/
                                                     ELIZABETH LANG-MIERS
                                                     JUSTICE

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