Court Opinion

ID: 8483568
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-11-14 19:00:28.768173+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:49:45.836066
License: Public Domain

RECOMMENDED FOR PUBLICATION
                                Pursuant to Sixth Circuit I.O.P. 32.1(b)
                                       File Name: 22a0238p.06

                     UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                   FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT

                                                             ┐
 JOSEPH REHO, III,
                                                             │
                                 Petitioner-Appellant,       │
                                                              >        No. 22-3784
                                                             │
        v.                                                   │
                                                             │
 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                                   │
                                 Respondent-Appellee.        │
                                                             ┘

  Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio at Cleveland.
     Nos. 1:20-cr-00775-1; 1:22-cv-00454—Patricia A. Gaughan, Chief District Judge.

                            Decided and Filed: November 14, 2022

                 Before: BOGGS, THAPAR, and READLER, Circuit Judges.
                                 _________________

                                            LITIGANT

ON PLEADINGS: Joseph Reho, III, Petersburg, Virginia, pro se.

                                      _________________

                                              ORDER
                                      _________________

       On September 13, 2022, eighty-three days after the district court entered judgment
denying his 28 U.S.C. § 2255 motion, Joseph Reho, proceeding pro se, moved for an extension
of time to apply for a certificate of appealability and to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal. If
Reho’s motion was a notice of appeal, it was three weeks late, and we must dismiss for lack of
jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 2107(b)(1); Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(B)(i). But Reho’s motion,
which repeatedly asks for an extension of time, is better construed as a motion for extension of
 No. 22-3784                       Reho v. United States                                   Page 2

time to file a notice of appeal.      See 28 U.S.C. § 2107(c); Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(5)(A).
Accordingly, we remand for the district court to consider whether to grant Reho’s motion.

       Generally, a section 2255 petitioner who wishes to appeal must file a notice of appeal
within sixty days after entry of judgment. 28 U.S.C. § 2107(b)(1); Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(B)(i).
Compliance with this deadline is a mandatory jurisdictional prerequisite, which means that we
lack jurisdiction to consider late appeals and cannot waive the deadline. Ultimate Appliance CC
v. Kirby Co., 601 F.3d 414, 415–16 (6th Cir. 2010). But the district court may extend the time to
file a notice of appeal based on “excusable neglect or good cause” if the losing party moves for
an extension within thirty days of the expiration of the time to file a notice of appeal. 28 U.S.C.
§ 2107(c); Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(5)(A). The district court may also reopen the time to file a notice
of appeal if the losing party did not receive proper notice of the judgment. 28 U.S.C. § 2107(c);
Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(6).

       This court construes pro se habeas petitions liberally. Franklin v. Rose, 765 F.2d 82, 84–
85 (6th Cir. 1985) (per curiam). For instance, we regularly construe notices of appeal as
applications for a certificate of appealability. See, e.g., Johnson v. Bell, 605 F.3d 333, 336 (6th
Cir. 2010). We have also construed motions for extension of time as notices of appeal. See Isert
v. Ford Motor Co., 461 F.3d 756, 762 (6th Cir. 2006). While we have refused to construe simple
notices of appeal as motions to extend or motions to reopen, Pryor v. Marshall, 711 F.2d 63, 65
(6th Cir. 1983); Martin v. Sullivan, 876 F.3d 235, 237 (6th Cir. 2017), we have treated notices of
appeal that could reasonably be interpreted as motions for extension or to reopen as motions for
extension or to reopen. Young v. Kenney, 949 F.3d 996, 997 (6th Cir. 2020).

       Here, the issue is whether Reho’s September 13, 2022, motion is best construed as a
notice of appeal or as a motion for extension of time to file a notice of appeal. Construing
Reho’s filing liberally, we conclude that he moved for an extension of time to file a notice of
appeal. While the district court docketed the document as a notice of appeal, Reho’s motion
requested, in the opening paragraph, “a extention of time to filed a certificate of Appealability
. . . and to proceed inform a peuperis on appeal,” and, in the final paragraph, repeated the request
“for the extention of time to file.” Pet’r’s Mot. 1, 3 (errors in original). Reho also offered an
explanation for his delay and asked the court for a pro bono attorney.
 No. 22-3784                         Reho v. United States                                 Page 3

        Admittedly, Reho’s motion appears to ask for an extension to apply for a certificate of
appealability rather than for an extension to file a notice of appeal. But his motion is a far cry
from the simple notices of appeal that we have refused to construe as motions for extension. See
Pryor, 711 F.2d at 65. And it is much closer to a motion for extension than the notice of appeal
that we treated as a motion for extension in Young, because Reho explicitly and repeatedly asks
for an extension. Reho’s motion reads as a motion for extension of time to file a notice of appeal
and will be treated as such.

        We therefore REMAND to the district court to determine whether Reho has shown
excusable neglect or good cause so as to merit an extension of time to file a notice of appeal. See
Bell v. McAdory, 820 F.3d 880, 884 (7th Cir. 2016) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 2106). If the district
court, on remand, grants Reho’s motion for extension of time pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2107(c),
Reho must file a separate notice of appeal in the district court before this court can consider his
application for a certificate of appealability.

                                                  ENTERED BY ORDER OF THE COURT

                                                  Deborah S. Hunt, Clerk