Court Opinion

ID: 9410431
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-07-21 09:15:49.958336+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:20:57.795012
License: Public Domain

IN THE
                          TENTH COURT OF APPEALS

                                 No. 10-23-00043-CV

WILLIAM D. HARDEN,
                                                             Appellant
v.

US BANK, N.A., AS TRUSTEE, SUCCESSOR-IN-
INTEREST TO BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., SUCCESSOR
BY MERGER TO LASALLE BANK NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION, AS TRUSTEE FOR STRUCTURED
ASSET INVESTMENT LOAN TRUST, MORTGAGE
PASS-THROUGH CERTIFICATES, SERIES 2004-6,
                                       Appellees

                           From the 18th District Court
                              Johnson County, Texas
                          Trial Court No. DC-C202100359

                                      OPINION

       In this appeal, William D. Harden, acting pro se, challenges the trial court’s order

granting the petition for bill of review filed by U.S. Bank, N.A., as Trustee, Successor-in-

Interest to Bank of America, N.A., Successor by Merger to LaSalle Bank National

Association, as Trustee for Structured Asset Investment Loan Trust, Mortgage Pass-
Through Certificates, Series 2004-6, (U.S. Bank). The order does not dispose of the merits

of the underlying controversy between Harden and U.S. Bank.

       Unless a statute authorizes an interlocutory appeal, which is not the case here,

appellate courts generally only have jurisdiction over final judgments. CMH Homes v.

Perez, 340 S.W.3d 444, 447 (Tex. 2011); see TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. §§ 51.012,

51.014 (listing interlocutory orders that may be appealed before final judgment is

rendered in the case). In a bill-of-review proceeding,

       [the] judgment following the granting of a bill of review must not only grant
       the bill of review, thereby setting aside the default judgment, but also must
       adjudicate the original controversy. Whether as one order standing alone
       or two orders taken together, structurally, in an action in which a bill of
       review is granted, two matters must be resolved: (1) a finding that the
       default judgment was wrongfully granted, and (2) a determination of
       whether the plaintiff in the original controversy ultimately prevails.

              ....

              . . . [A] bill of review is a different procedural device—it is both filed
       and resolves the underlying dispute in a separate lawsuit. It does not,
       therefore, restore a court’s plenary power over a cause of action that has
       been resolved by final judgment.

Alaimo v. U.S. Bank Trust Nat’l Ass’n, 551 S.W.3d 212, 217 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2017,

no pet.). Accordingly, the Texas Supreme Court has stated: “A bill of review which sets

aside a prior judgment but does not dispose of all the issues of the case on the merits is

interlocutory in nature and not a final judgment appealable to the court of appeals or the

supreme court.” Kiefer v. Touris, 197 S.W.3d 300, 302 (Tex. 2006) (per curiam) (quoting

Tesoro Petroleum v. Smith, 796 S.W.2d 705, 705 (Tex. 1990) (per curiam)); Capps v. Hines,

Harden v. US Bank, N.A.                                                                    Page 2
No. 10-19-00164-CV, 2020 WL 4524717, at *3 (Tex. App.—Waco Aug. 5, 2020, no pet.)

(mem. op.).

        Because the trial court’s order in this proceeding does not dispose of the merits of

the underlying controversy between Harden and U.S. Bank, the order is therefore

interlocutory in nature and not a final judgment. 1 See Kiefer, 197 S.W.3d at 302; Capps,

2020 WL 4524717, at *3; Alaimo, 551 S.W.3d at 217. We thus lack jurisdiction of this appeal.

See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 51.012; CMH Homes, 340 S.W.3d at 447.

        By letters dated February 6, 2023, and March 14, 2023, the Clerk of this Court

notified Harden that this appeal was subject to dismissal for want of jurisdiction because

it appeared that there was no final judgment. The Clerk of this Court notified Harden

that the Court may dismiss the appeal unless, within fourteen days of the date of the

letter, a response was filed showing grounds for continuing the appeal. Harden filed a

response, but he has not shown grounds for continuing the appeal.

        Accordingly, we dismiss this appeal for want of jurisdiction.

                                                            MATT JOHNSON
                                                            Justice

        1 As noted by the dissent, the trial court did sign a “Final Order” in this proceeding. And we
recognize that the Texas Supreme Court has held that a judgment is final and appealable if there is no
question that the trial court intended it to be so. See Bella Palma, LLC v. Young, 601 S.W.3d 799, 801–02 (Tex.
2020) (per curiam). Here, however, the trial court’s “Final Order” does not state that it is disposing of all
claims and all parties. To the contrary, the order acknowledges that the underlying controversy between
Harden and U.S. Bank remains unresolved. See Lehmann v. Har–Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191, 205 (Tex. 2001)
(“An order does not dispose of all claims and all parties merely because it is entitled ‘final’, or because the
word ‘final’ appears elsewhere in the order, or even because it awards costs. . . . Rather, there must be
some other clear indication that the trial court intended the order to completely dispose of the entire case.”).

Harden v. US Bank, N.A.                                                                                 Page 3
Before Chief Justice Gray,*
       Justice Johnson, and
       Justice Smith
       *(Chief Justice Gray dissenting)
Dismissed
Opinion delivered and filed July 19, 2023
[CV06]

Harden v. US Bank, N.A.                     Page 4