Court Opinion

ID: 8418097
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-11-03 18:18:24.923613+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:48:19.563835
License: Public Domain

SUMMARY ORDER

Plaintiff-Appellant Ronald Ballard (“Ballard”) and Petitioner-Appellant Amanallah Esmailzadeh (“Esmailzadeh”), in unrelated actions, purport to appeal from voluntary stipulations of dismissal with prejudice. The court consolidated these actions, appointed counsel to represent appellants, and directed counsel to brief the timeliness of these appeals as well as any other meritorious arguments.
On August 22, 2000, Ballard commenced an action alleging violations of his civil rights while in custody at the Orange County Correctional Facility. Pursuant to a settlement agreement, on April 15, 2002, Ballard executed a stipulation and order, agreeing to dismiss his civil rights action with prejudice. On May 20, 2002, the district court entered a “Stipulation and Order of Dismissal with Prejudice” under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(1). At no time was a separate document labeled as a judgment issued or entered on the docket. On July 15, 2002, Ballard filed a pro se notice of appeal from the stipulation of dismissal.
On May 10, 2001, Esmailzadeh petitioned pro se for a writ of habeas corpus challenging his final order of removal from the United States. On November 9, 2001, the district court entered a “Stipulation and Order” of dismissal with prejudice, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(1). Again, at no time was a separate document labeled as a judgment issued or entered on the docket. On June 4, 2002, Esmailzadeh filed a pro se notice of appeal from the Stipulation and Order of dismissal.
We have recognized only limited circumstances where a party can appeal following a voluntary dismissal with prejudice: “when the plaintiffs’ ‘solicitation of the formal dismissal was designed only to expedite review of [a prior] order which had in effect dismissed [plaintiffs’] complaint,’” Chappelle v. Beacon Communications Corp., 84 F.3d 652, 653 (2d Cir.1996) (alterations in original) (quoting Empire Volkswagen, Inc. v. World-Wide Volkswagen Corp., 814 F.2d 90, 94 (2d Cir.1987)), and when there is “an adverse ruling disposing of fewer than all of [the plaintiffs] claims following the plaintiffs voluntary relinquishment of its remaining claims with prejudice.” Id. Furthermore, if the stipulations are viewed as settlement agreements, like contracts, they can only be challenged upon a showing of fraud, duress, illegality, or mutual mistake. Cf. Janneh v. GAF Corp., 887 F.2d 432, 436 (2d Cir.1989) (“A settlement is a contract, and once entered into is binding and conclusive.”), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 865, 111 S.Ct. 177, 112 L.Ed.2d 141 (1990), abrogated on other grounds by Digital Equip. Corp. v. Desktop Direct, Inc., 511 U.S. 863, 114 S.Ct. 1992, 128 L.Ed.2d 842 (1994). Appellants’ counsel does not argue that any of these exceptions are applicable. *521Accordingly, the stipulations of dismissal are unreviewable. For the foregoing reasons, the appeals are hereby DISMISSED.