Court Opinion

ID: 9895642
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-11-08 07:10:00.774335+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:11:43.323014
License: Public Domain

Affirmed and Opinion Filed October 31, 2023

                                      In the
                            Court of Appeals
                     Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                               No. 05-23-00759-CV

 MARIA ARBAIZA, INDIVIDUALLY, AS THE REPRESENTATIVE ON
BEHALF OF THE ESTATE OF JULIO CESAR BAIZA ARBAIZA, AND AS
 NEXT FRIEND TO JULIO CESAR BAIZA ARBAIZA’S MINOR CHILD
       M.A.B.A.; AND JULIO CESAR BAIZA, SR., Appellants
                             V.
     CHICAS LOCAS, INC.; FARE ARLINGTON; ARLINGTON
   ENTERTAINMENT LLC; T AND N, INCORPORATED; DUNCAN
   BURCH; BERT EZRA STAIR; AND STEVEN W. CRAFT, Appellees

               On Appeal from the 116th Judicial District Court
                            Dallas County, Texas
                    Trial Court Cause No. DC-23-01889

                        MEMORANDUM OPINION
                   Before Justices Molberg, Carlyle, and Smith
                           Opinion by Justice Carlyle

      In this interlocutory appeal, appellants challenge the trial court’s order

transferring venue of this dram shop liability case from Dallas County to Tarrant

County. In this type of appeal, we review “whether the trial court’s order is proper

based on an independent determination from the record and not under either an abuse

of discretion or substantial evidence standard.” See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE

§ 15.003(c)(1). We affirm in this memorandum opinion. See TEX. R. APP. P. 47.4.
Background

        On February 6, 2021, decedent Julio Cesar Baiza Arbaiza was fatally injured

in a single-car accident while driving home after drinking alcohol at Chicas Locas

in Arlington, Texas. His estate and several surviving relatives (plaintiffs or

appellants)1 filed this lawsuit in Dallas County against multiple entities and

individuals alleged to be owners or operators of Chicas Locas.2 Appellants asserted,

among other things, violation of the Texas Dram Shop Act. See TEX. ALCO. BEV.

CODE §§ 2.01–.03.

        The petition alleged, “Venue is proper in Dallas County under . . .

§15.002(a)(3) of TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE because one or more Defendants

reside in Dallas County.” The petition also stated (1) each entity defendant may be

served “through its attorney of record, to-wit: Charles J. Quaid located at 8150 North

Central Expressway, Suite 600, Dallas, Texas 75206,” and (2) each individual

defendant may be served through his “attorney of record,” Mr. Quaid, at that same

address or at another described Dallas address.

    1
      Plaintiffs/appellants are Maria Arbaiza, individually, as the representative on behalf of The Estate of
Julio Cesar Baiza Arbaiza, and as next friend to Julio Cesar Baiza Arbaiza’s minor child M.A.B.A.; and
Julio Cesar Baiza, Sr.
    2
      The defendants named in the petition are Chicas Locas, Inc.; Fare Arlington; Arlington Entertainment
LLC; T and N, Incorporated; Duncan Burch; Bert Ezra Stair; Steven W. Craft; and Dean Maddox. The
record does not show Mr. Maddox was served with citation or filed an answer or motion to transfer venue,
nor is he an appellee in this appeal.

                                                    –2–
        Appellees moved to transfer venue to Tarrant County “(1) because Dallas

County is not a proper venue OR, at best, only tenuously connected to the claims

and/or (2) ‘[f]or the convenience of the parties and witnesses and in the interest of

justice.’”3 The motion to transfer venue contained a section titled “Specific Denial

of Venue Facts,” where appellees specifically denied the relevant Dallas County

venue facts and attached affidavits in support. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 87(3)(a) (“All

venue facts, when properly pleaded, shall be taken as true unless specifically denied

by the adverse party.”).

        Though the appellate record contains no reporter’s record of the hearing on

the venue-transfer motion, the clerk’s record shows that after the hearing,

(1) appellees submitted a proposed order that stated, “IT IS ORDERED that

Defendants’ Motions to Transfer Venue is GRANTED including, but not limited to

the grounds that Dallas County, Texas is an inconvenient forum and Tarrant County

Texas is a more convenient forum and a county of proper venue”; (2) appellants filed

an objection asserting that the “language regarding a transfer of convenience should

be stricken from the order” because the trial court “did not order a transfer of venue

based upon the convenience of the parties” and “[s]pecifically, the Court found that

the order to transfer venue was not based on the convenience of the parties”; and

(3) the trial court signed an order that was identical to appellees’ proposed order in

    3
     Appellees’ venue-transfer request was asserted in two separate motions, one filed by the four entity
appellees and another filed less than a month later by the three individual appellees that incorporated and
adopted the initial motion. We refer to those two motions collectively as the motion to transfer venue.
                                                   –3–
most respects but, instead of containing the objected-to language, stated only that

“Defendants’ Motions to Transfer Venue is GRANTED.”

      Appellants filed a timely notice of interlocutory appeal in which they asserted,

“This appeal is accelerated pursuant to Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure 28.1 and

Section 15.003(b) of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code.” Appellees filed

a pre-submission motion asking this Court to dismiss this appeal for lack of

jurisdiction, which we have carried with the case. Both sides filed appellate briefs.

Analysis

      We begin with appellees’ pre-submission motion to dismiss this appeal for

lack of jurisdiction. According to appellees, “When a party moves to transfer venue

on multiple legal theories/ground and one of the grounds is ‘[f]or the convenience

of the parties and witnesses and in the interest of justice’ pursuant to Texas Civil

Practice and Remedies Code § 15.002(b), and the face of the Order sustaining said

party’s motion does not explicitly state the grounds the Motion to Transfer was

granted upon, the Order cannot be appealed pursuant to Texas Civil Practice and

Remedies Code § 15.002(c).” Appellees cite several cases from this Court, all of

which rely on Garza v. Garcia, 137 S.W.3d 36, 38–39 (Tex. 2004): In re Beasley,

No. 05-18-00382-CV, 2018 WL 2126826, at *1 (Tex. App.—Dallas May 8, 2018,

orig. proceeding) (mem. op.); Davis v. Hendrick Autoguard, Inc., 294 S.W.3d 835,

837 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2009, no pet.); Jones v. Pioneer/Eclipse Corp., No. 05-08-

                                         –4–
00446-CV, 2009 WL 1395932, at *1 (Tex. App.—Dallas May 20, 2009, pet. denied)

(mem. op.).

      In Garza, a defendant filed a venue-transfer motion asserting both improper

venue and inconvenience, which the trial court granted without specifying the

grounds. 137 S.W.3d at 37. Our supreme court stated, “Generally, we must affirm

such general orders if any ground in the accompanying motion is meritorious.” Id.

The supreme court cited and described section 15.002(c), then reasoned, “Because

the [venue] transfer order here includes no reasons, we cannot be certain on which

of the two grounds it was granted; one ground was convenience, and the evidence

showed most of the witnesses and all of the events took place in Hidalgo County.”

Id. at 39. The supreme court stated that the trial court judge “might have intended to

grant it on convenience grounds” and “we cannot ignore the Legislature’s ban on

reviewing such orders by adopting a new presumption so we can review them

anyway.” Id. The supreme court also stated, “Our dissenting colleagues conclude the

trial court could not possibly have granted this transfer on convenience grounds, but

do so only after looking beyond the motion and order to the supporting evidence and

the attorneys’ arguments—exactly the kind of appellate review the statute

precludes.” Id. The supreme court concluded “the court of appeals should have

affirmed the trial court’s transfer on convenience grounds.” Id. at 40; see also

Beasley, 2018 WL 2126826, at *1 (“Where, as here, the motion to transfer

sufficiently invoked subsection [15.002(b)] in requesting a transfer and the trial court

                                          –5–
did not give a reason for granting the transfer request, the order granting the transfer

is statutorily beyond our review.”); Davis, 294 S.W.3d at 837 (“Because defendants’

motions raised 15.002(b) as a ground to transfer venue and the trial court did not

state in its order the ground upon which it relied in granting the motions, we are

statutorily prohibited from reviewing the order.”); Jones, 2009 WL 1395932, at *1

(“Because [defendant’s] motion sufficiently invoked section 15.002(b) in requesting

a transfer and the trial court did not give a reason for granting the transfer request,

we are statutorily prohibited from reviewing the order.”).

      None of the cases appellees cite involved dismissal of a venue-transfer appeal

for lack of jurisdiction or, with the exception of Jones, had multiple plaintiffs.

Several of our sister courts of appeals have concluded that under 15.003(b),

“interlocutory appeals are available for venue determinations in any case involving

multiple plaintiffs.” See Shamoun & Norman v. Yarto Int’l Grp., 398 S.W.3d 272,

285 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2013, pet. dism’d) (citing cases). This

Court has stated,

      The court [in Shamoun] later reiterated, “[T]he 2003 amendment [to
      section 15.003] expanded interlocutory appellate jurisdiction under
      section 15.003(b) to all venue rulings in cases involving multiple
      plaintiffs.” Id. at 287 n.18. We agree because, in a multiple-plaintiff
      case, every venue ruling is necessarily a determination that a plaintiff
      did or did not independently establish proper venue.

Union Pac. R. Co. v. Stouffer, 420 S.W.3d 233, 238 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2013, pet.

dism’d).

                                          –6–
      Appellees contend that in Jones “the appeal of multiple plaintiffs was

dismissed by this Court for want of jurisdiction” because of 15.002(c). See Jones,

2009 WL 1395932, at *1. But Jones was an appeal after a final judgment, not a

section 15.003(b) interlocutory appeal. See id. And we did not dismiss the appeal in

Jones, but rather affirmed the trial court’s judgment after concluding, among other

things, that we were “prohibited from reviewing” the venue-transfer order because

it did not state the ground and thus could have been rendered pursuant to

convenience under 15.002(b). Id. We cannot agree that Jones is instructive regarding

our jurisdiction here. We reject appellees’ contention that we lack jurisdiction as to

this appeal and we deny their pre-submission motion to dismiss. See TEX. CIV. PRAC.

& REM. CODE § 15.003(b); Union Pac., 420 S.W.3d at 238.

      That said, like Garza, Beasley, Davis, and Jones, this appeal involves a venue-

transfer request based on multiple grounds, including convenience, and includes an

order that does not state a reason for the ruling on the request. Even assuming that

section 15.003(c) requires us to consider the entire record, we cannot agree with

appellants that the record shows the venue-transfer order was not based on

convenience pursuant to section 15.002(b).

      The trial court’s order stated, “IT IS ORDERED that Defendants’ Motions to

Transfer Venue is GRANTED.” The order did not contain appellees’ proposed

clause, “including, but not limited to the grounds that Dallas County, Texas is an

inconvenient forum and Tarrant County Texas is a more convenient forum and a

                                         –7–
county of proper venue.” But to the extent appellants contend the omission of that

language means the trial court disagreed with it, that position is weakened by the

fact that in transferring venue, the trial court also necessarily determined Tarrant

County was “a county of proper venue,” yet omitted that proposed language. The

omission of appellees’ requested language does not necessarily equate to

disagreement with that language. Further, the order’s final language, which is

general on its face, could reasonably be construed as intended to be broader than the

proposed language, rather than a restriction of it.

      As in Garza, “[b]ecause the [venue] transfer order here includes no reasons,

we cannot be certain on which of the two grounds it was granted,” and “one ground

was convenience,” which we are precluded from reviewing. Garza, 137 S.W.3d at

39–40. Thus, we must affirm the trial court’s order. Id. at 40 (concluding court of

appeals “should have affirmed the trial court’s transfer order on convenience

grounds” due to lack of indication of ruling’s basis); see Beasley, 2018 WL 2126826,

at *1; Davis, 294 S.W.3d at 837; Jones, 2009 WL 1395932, at *1.

      We affirm the trial court’s venue-transfer order.

230759f.p05                                 /Cory L. Carlyle/
                                            CORY L. CARLYLE
                                            JUSTICE

                                         –8–
                            Court of Appeals
                     Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                   JUDGMENT

MARIA ARBAIZA, AS THE                          On Appeal from the 116th Judicial
REPRESENTATIVE OF BEHALF                       District Court, Dallas County, Texas
OF THE ESTATE OF JULIO                         Trial Court Cause No. DC-23-01889.
CESAR BAIZA ARBAIZA, ET AL.,                   Opinion delivered by Justice Carlyle.
Appellant                                      Justices Smith and Kennedy
                                               participating.
No. 05-23-00759-CV           V.

CHICAS LOCAS, INC., ET AL,
Appellee

       In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial
court is AFFIRMED.

       It is ORDERED that appellee CHICAS LOCAS, INC., ET AL recover its
costs of this appeal and the full amount of the trial court’s judgment from appellant
MARIA ARBAIZA, AS THE REPRESENTATIVE OF BEHALF OF THE
ESTATE OF JULIO CESAR BAIZA ARBAIZA, ET AL.

Judgment entered this 31st day of October 2023.

                                         –9–