Court Opinion

ID: 2645601
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-12-12 01:01:24.962364+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:14:11.771733
License: Public Domain

FILED
                                                     United States Court of Appeals
                      UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS         Tenth Circuit

                                   TENTH CIRCUIT                          December 11, 2013

                                                                         Elisabeth A. Shumaker
                                                                             Clerk of Court

 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

        Plaintiff - Appellee,

 v.                                                         No. 13-6128
                                                    (D.C. No. 5:12-CR-00254-C-1)
 DELFINO BAROCIO-MENDEZ,                                    (W.D. Okla.)

        Defendant - Appellant.

                                ORDER AND JUDGMENT*

Before LUCERO, McKAY, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.

       Delfino Barocio-Mendez,1 a native of Mexico, appeals his sentence following a

        * After examining appellant’s brief and the appellate record, this panel has
determined unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination
of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2) and 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is
therefore ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not
binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and
collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed.
R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
guilty plea to illegal reentry in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a), (b)(2). His counsel seeks

leave to withdraw in a brief filed pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967).

Neither Barocio nor the government filed a response to the Anders brief. Exercising

jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, we dismiss the appeal and grant counsel’s motion to

withdraw.

                                              I

       Barocio was removed from the United States in 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2003. On

February 7, 2013, he pled guilty without a plea agreement to being unlawfully present in

the United States after prior removals. Barocio did not object to the sentencing

calculations in his Presentence Investigation Report (“PSR”), which resulted in a

Guidelines range of 24-30 months’ imprisonment based on a total offense level of 13 and

a criminal history category of IV. However, Barocio filed a memorandum before the

district court requesting a sentence below the Guidelines range. The district court

adopted the factual findings in the PSR, declined to vary from the Guidelines

recommendation, and sentenced Barocio to twenty-four months’ imprisonment. A notice

of appeal was timely filed.

       1
       Defendant’s surnames were reversed in the indictment and during proceedings
below. We have corrected his name in the case caption and will refer to him as
“Barocio” in this Order and Judgment, following the practice of his attorney.

                                            -2-
                                             II

       After conscientiously examining a criminal case, an attorney who concludes that

any appeal would be frivolous may request permission to withdraw. Anders, 386 U.S. at

744. Counsel must submit to the court and the client a brief identifying any potentially

appealable issues. Id. The defendant may then file a pro se brief. Id. If, upon careful

examination of the full record, the court determines that the case is “wholly frivolous,” it

may grant the request to withdraw and dismiss the appeal. Id.

       Defense counsel acknowledges that Barocio was factually guilty and that he

knowingly and voluntarily pled guilty. Barocio preserved no pretrial issues for appellate

review. Thus, the Anders brief is devoted to a discussion of Barocio’s sentence.

       We review the reasonableness of a sentence for an abuse of discretion,

determining “whether the length of the sentence is reasonable given all the circumstances

of the case in light of the factors set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a).” United States v.

Huckins, 529 F.3d 1312, 1317 (10th Cir. 2008) (quotation omitted). The review includes

both a procedural component and a substantive component. Id. After a thorough review

of the record, we agree with counsel that any procedural challenge to Barocio’s sentence

would be frivolous. Counsel also explores the possibility of a substantive challenge to

Barocio’s sentence before concluding that it, too, would be frivolous. We agree.

       A sentence falling within a properly calculated Guidelines range receives a

rebuttable presumption of substantive reasonableness. United States v. Parker, 553 F.3d
                                          -3-
1309, 1322-23 (10th Cir. 2009). In the district court, Barocio sought a below-Guidelines

sentence in part because he believed the Illegal Reentry Guideline formula double-

counted a prior conviction, using it to support both an offense level enhancement and an

increase in his criminal history category. See U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2 & cmt. n.6. This court

has already rejected the argument that such calculations result in substantive

unreasonableness. See United States v. Algarate-Valencia, 550 F.3d 1238, 1245 (10th

Cir. 2008). Other arguments rooted in Barocio’s general disagreements with the

Guidelines would be similarly frivolous. See United States v. Alvarez-Bernabe, 626 F.3d
1161, 1165-66 (10th Cir. 2010) (“[T]he district court has no obligation to duplicate the

efforts of the Sentencing Commission or Congress and decide what guidelines policy it

would impose if it were the sole decision-maker.” (quotation omitted)).

       Barocio also argued below that mitigating circumstances supported a below-

Guidelines sentence. Renewing that claim on appeal would be frivolous because the

district court imposed a within-Guidelines sentence and provided a statement of “the

reasons for its imposition of the sentence” as required by 18 U.S.C. § 3553(c). See

United States v. Ruiz-Terrazas, 477 F.3d 1196, 1199-1200 (10th Cir. 2007) (comparing

statutory requirement of general statement of reasons for imposition of Guidelines

sentence with specific statement of reasons required for imposition of sentence outside

                                           -4-
Guidelines). Nothing in the record indicates that Barocio’s sentence, which falls at the

bottom of the Guidelines range, constitutes an abuse of discretion by the district court.2

                                            III

       For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that there are no nonfrivolous grounds for

appeal. We therefore GRANT counsel’s motion to withdraw and DISMISS the appeal.

                                          Entered for the Court

                                          Carlos F. Lucero
                                          Circuit Judge

       2
         The record indicates that Barocio is fluent in Spanish but has a limited ability to
understand English. We commend counsel for providing Barocio with a written
translation of the substance of the Anders brief. See United States v. Leyba, 379 F.3d 53,
55-56 (2d Cir. 2004) (holding that due process entitles “a defendant whom counsel knows
does not speak English . . . to more than a written statement in English of his rights”
when counsel seeks to withdraw pursuant to Anders).

                                            -5-