Court Opinion

ID: 4549946
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-07-21 18:11:36.136496+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:02:18.477512
License: Public Domain

J. S10037/20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,           :     IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                        :           PENNSYLVANIA
                       Appellant        :
                                        :
                  v.                    :         No. 1398 MDA 2019
                                        :
JERMAINE JAZZ McLEAN                    :

           Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered August 12, 2019,
             in the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne County
             Criminal Division at No. CP-40-CR-0000544-2016

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,           :     IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                        :           PENNSYLVANIA
                       Appellant        :
                                        :
                  v.                    :         No. 1399 MDA 2019
                                        :
JERMAINE JAZZ McLEAN                    :

           Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered August 12, 2019,
             in the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne County
             Criminal Division at No. CP-40-CR-0001551-2016

BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J., KUNSELMAN, J., AND FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.

MEMORANDUM BY FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.:                   FILED JULY 21, 2020

     In these consolidated appeals, the Commonwealth appeals from the

August 12, 2019 order granting appellee, Jermaine Jazz McLean’s petition filed

pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-
J. S10037/20

9546. After careful review, we reverse and remand for proceedings consistent

with this memorandum.

      The PCRA court summarized the relevant procedural history of this case

as follows:

              [A]ppellee was charged with various criminal offenses
              in two criminal informations docketed at [CP-40-CR-
              0000544-2016 (“No. 544”)] and [CP-40-CR-0001551-
              2016 (“No. 1551”)]. In the case docketed at No. 544,
              [a]ppellee was charged with possession with intent to
              deliver (PWID) . . . , criminal use of a communication
              facility . . . , and fleeing and eluding . . . .[1] In the
              case docketed at No. 1551, [a]ppellee was charged
              with aggravated assault . . . , fleeing or attempting to
              elude an officer . . . , recklessly endangering another
              person . . . , and other related offenses.[2]

              On November 16, 2017, [a]ppellee appeared before
              the [trial c]ourt to enter guilty pleas on the
              above[-]captioned cases. [] Appellee sought to enter
              into a negotiated plea agreement with the
              Commonwealth whereby he would plead guilty to
              count one on each of the criminal informations . . . .
              Following . . . a hearing, and a careful colloquy of
              [a]ppellee, [the trial court] accepted his pleas to PWID
              and aggravated assault. Thereafter, on January 3,
              2018, [a]ppellee appeared before the [trial] court for
              sentencing.       Relevantly, [a]ppellee’s counsel[,
              Janan Tallo, Esq. (hereinafter, “Attorney Tallo”)],
              pointed out that the pre-sentence investigation
              [(“PSI”)] represented that “credit is an issue” and
              specifically that [a]ppellee had “approximately
              700 days on the delivery but only 42 days on the
              aggravated assault.” [Attorney Tallo] indicated that
              had she known that credit for time served had not

1 35 Pa.C.S.A. § 780-113(a)(30), 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 7512(a), and 75 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 3733(a), respectively.

218 Pa.C.S.A. § 2702(a)(3), 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3733(a), and 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2705,
respectively.

                                        -2-
J. S10037/20

            been accumulating on the aggravated assault charge
            at count one of case No. 1551 that she would have
            asked the[trial] court to revoke bail. [Attorney Tallo]
            went on to state that she assumed that her client was
            incarcerated on a bail amount on both cases when in
            fact this was not the case. Appellee was arrested on
            case No. 1551 while he was incarcerated on case No.
            544. Subsequently, [appellee] was granted bail only
            42 days after that arrest.

            On No. 544, at count one, PWID, [the trial court]
            sentenced [a]ppellee within the standard range to a
            period of incarceration of not less than twenty-four
            (24) month[s] but no more than sixty (60) months to
            run consecutive to any other sentence he was then
            currently serving. On case No. 1551, at count one,
            aggravated assault[, the trial court] sentenced
            [appellee] within the standard range to a period of
            incarceration of not less than twenty-four (24) months
            but no more than sixty (60) months to run
            consecutive.    With reservations, [the trial court]
            granted [a]ppellee credit for 706 days of time served
            to be applied to both cases. Counsel representing the
            Commonwealth objected to our granting the time
            credit and we invited the parties to file post[-
            ]sentence motions.       On January 12, 2018[,] the
            Commonwealth filed a post-sentence motion in
            support of the objection to [a]ppellee’s credit. At the
            hearing, [Attorney Tallo] again argued that double
            credit was at least a possible outcome.         At the
            conclusion of the hearing, by order dated April 10,
            2018, [the trial court] granted the Commonwealth’s
            motion and vacated our order granting credit for time
            served on case No. 1551.

PCRA court opinion, 10/31/19 at 1-2 (citations and extraneous capitalization

omitted).

     Appellee did not file a direct appeal. On October 25, 2018, appellee filed

a timely pro se PCRA petition at No. 544. Thereafter, on November 9, 2018,

appellee filed a timely pro se PCRA petition at No. 1551. On June 11, 2019,

                                     -3-
J. S10037/20

the PCRA court appointed Jeffrey Yelen, Esq. (“PCRA counsel”), to represent

appellee. On July 9, 2019, PCRA counsel filed a supplemental PCRA petition

on appellee’s behalf, wherein he argued that appellee was entitled to withdraw

his guilty plea because “[Attorney Tallo] was ineffective in that [appellee]

plead guilty based on [her] representations that his approximately 2[-]year

time[-]served credit would be applied to sentences on both sets of

charges.”   (See “Supplement to PCRA Petition,” 7/9/19 at ¶ 3 (emphasis

added).) The PCRA court held a hearing on this matter on August 8, 2019,

during which both appellee and Attorney Tallo testified at length. Following

the hearing, the PCRA court entered an order granting appellee’s PCRA petition

and vacating his guilty plea.   In reaching this conclusion, the PCRA court

reasoned as follows:

            The issue is when [appellee] entered his guilty plea
            based upon advice provided by [Attorney Tallo], was
            it knowingly and voluntarily entered? And I think from
            the evidence and testimony before me, [appellee] has
            testified that he would not have entered his guilty plea
            had he not been under the belief or assumption, if you
            will, that he was going to receive all of the credit for
            the time he had been incarcerated as to both cases
            and both docket numbers, which is, in my view, not
            the law and something he’s not legally entitled to.

            But he felt he was and I believe [Attorney] Tallo,
            [appellee’s] prior counsel, herself testified that she
            thought [appellee] would get credit for both cases and
            was not surprised that when [appellee] entered his
            plea, he thought the same.

            So the Court would find that it appears that the guilty
            plea that [appellee] entered on or about
            November 16, 2017 was based at least, in part, upon

                                     -4-
J. S10037/20

               some ineffective assistance of counsel in explaining
               what would occur and his reliance upon that led to him
               entering a guilty plea that was not knowingly and
               voluntarily entered.

Notes of testimony, 8/8/19 at 30-31.

     On August 22, 2019, the Commonwealth filed two separate, timely

notices   of     appeal   for   each   docket   number,     in   compliance   with

Commonwealth v. Walker, 185 A.3d 969 (Pa. 2018), and its progeny. On

August 27, 2019, the PCRA court granted PCRA counsel permission to

withdraw and appointed appellee’s instant counsel, Matthew P. Kelly, Esq., to

represent him on appeal.          Pursuant to the PCRA court’s directive, the

Commonwealth filed a timely concise statement of errors complained of on

appeal, in accordance with Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b), on September 16, 2019. The

PCRA court filed its Rule 1925(a) opinion on October 31, 2019.

     The Commonwealth raises the following issue for our review:

               Whether the [PCRA] court erred when it granted
               [appellee] PCRA relief by finding that [appellee] relied
               on a promise by [Attorney Tallo] that he would receive
               credit for all time spent in custody?

Commonwealth’s brief at 4.

     “When reviewing an order granting PCRA relief, we must determine

whether the decision of the PCRA court is supported by the evidence of record

and is free of legal error. Moreover, we will not disturb the findings of the

PCRA court unless those findings have no support in the certified record.”

Commonwealth v. Rivera, 154 A.3d 370, 377 (Pa.Super. 2017) (citation

                                        -5-
J. S10037/20

and internal quotation marks omitted), appeal denied, 169 A.3d 1072 (Pa.

2017).

      Here, the Commonwealth contends that there is no merit to appellee’s

claim that Attorney Tallo’s advice to him that he was entitled to double credit

for time-served induced him to enter an unknowing and involuntary guilty

plea. (Commonwealth’s brief at 10.) The Commonwealth avers that “[t]he

record does not support a finding that Attorney Tallo gave incorrect or

erroneous advice” nor “improperly promise[d] that [appellee] would get

double credit.” (Id. at 10, 12.) We agree.

      Allegations of ineffectiveness in connection with the entry of a guilty

plea will serve as a basis for relief only if the ineffectiveness caused the

defendant to enter an involuntary or unknowing plea. Commonwealth v.

Orlando, 156 A.3d 1274, 1281 (Pa.Super. 2017).         “Where the defendant

enters his plea on the advice of counsel, the voluntariness of the plea depends

on whether counsel’s advice was within the range of competence demanded

of attorneys in criminal cases.” Commonwealth v. Barndt, 74 A.3d 185,

192 (Pa.Super. 2013) (citations omitted).

      We apply a three-pronged test for determining whether counsel was

ineffective, derived from the test articulated by the Supreme Court of the

United States in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984), and

as applied in Commonwealth v. Pierce, 527 A.2d 973 (Pa. 1987).

Commonwealth v. Simpson, 66 A.3d 253, 260 (Pa. 2013).

                                     -6-
J. S10037/20

               The Pierce test requires a PCRA petitioner to prove:
               (1) the underlying legal claim was of arguable merit;
               (2) counsel had no reasonable strategic basis for his
               action or inaction; and (3) the petitioner was
               prejudiced—that is, but for counsel’s deficient
               stewardship, there is a reasonable likelihood the
               outcome of the proceedings would have been
               different.

Id., citing Pierce, 527 A.2d at 975.

         Instantly, appellee testified at the August 8, 2019 hearing that, prior to

pleading guilty, he discussed the time-credit issue with his then-counsel,

Attorney Tallo, multiple times, and that it was his understanding “that the time

credit would be applied to both of the cases.” (Notes of testimony, 8/8/19 at

7-8.) Appellee further testified that he would not have pled guilty at No. 1551

and No. 544 had he known that credit would only be applied to one case. (Id.

at 9.)

         Upon review, we find that there is no arguable merit to appellee’s claim

that he was induced to enter an unknowing and involuntary guilty plea

because of Attorney Tallo’s improper advice to him that he could receive

                                        -7-
J. S10037/20

“double credit” for time-served on both cases.3        The record reflects that

Attorney Tallo never explicitly promised appellee that he would receive double

credit for cases No. 1551 and No. 544. Rather, Attorney Tallo testified that

although she was under the assumption that appellee was entitled to credit

for time-served on both cases and advised appellee she would request credit

for both, time-credit was ultimately at the discretion of the sentencing judge

based upon the sentence imposed:

            [Appellee] and I had always spoken about credit for
            time served, that he, yes, is entitled to credit for time
            served. Working under that assumption, he’s not
            completely mistaken when he says he thought he was
            going to get credit for both [cases] because I thought
            he was going to get credit for both also. So we did
            have those discussions that he’s entitled for any credit
            that he’s entitled to.

            Now that becomes tricky. There was no agreement
            as to the sentence, so it was always up to [the
            sentencing judge] as to how to set the sentence. If
            he were to run them concurrently, I would make the

3We note that 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9760(4) makes clear that the granting of “double
credit” for time-served is prohibited. Section 9760(4) provides as follows:

            [i]f the defendant is arrested on one charge and later
            prosecuted on another charge growing out of an act
            or acts that occurred prior to his arrest, credit against
            the maximum term and any minimum term of any
            sentence resulting from such prosecution shall be
            given for all time spent in custody under the former
            charge that has not been credited against another
            sentence.

Id.; see also Commonwealth v. Ellsworth, 97 A.3d 1255, 1257 (Pa.Super.
2014) (stating, “a defendant is not entitled to receive credit against more than
one sentence for the same time served.” (citations, internal quotation marks,
and brackets omitted)).

                                      -8-
J. S10037/20

             pitch for double credit on both. If he ran them
             consecutively, though, we lose that ability because
             you can’t give double credit on consecutive sentences.

Id. at 17.

      Attorney Tallo further reiterated that she did not promise appellee

anything more than the time credit that he was legally entitled to, stating as

follows:

             I would never have said, I promise you’re going to get
             double credit on both. I would have told him he’s
             entitled to credit for time served, that we would ask
             the Judge for the credit for both cases because we
             believe he was in on both, but there was no guarantee
             the Judge would run both sentences concurrently.

Id. at 18-19.

      Moreover, the record further reflects that appellee testified during his

guilty plea colloquy that no promises were made to him to induce his plea.

(See notes of testimony, 11/16/17 at 7.)          When confronted with this

testimony during the PCRA hearing, appellee acknowledged that he never

mentioned Attorney Tallo’s alleged promise of “double credit” during the

colloquy. (See notes of testimony, 8/8/19 at 14-15.) Appellee is bound by

the statements he made during his guilty plea colloquy. See Commonwealth

v. Turetsky, 925 A.2d 876, 881 (Pa.Super. 2007) (stating, “[a] person who

elects to plead guilty is bound by the statements he makes in open court while

under oath and he may not later assert grounds for withdrawing the plea which

contradict the statements he made at his plea colloquy.” (citation omitted)),

appeal denied, 940 A.2d 365 (Pa. 2007).

                                     -9-
J. S10037/20

      Based on the foregoing, we find that the PCRA court erred in concluding

Attorney Tallo’s advice to appellee induced him to enter an unknowing and

involuntary guilty plea. Accordingly, we reverse the PCRA court’s August 8,

2019 order and remand for proceedings consistent with this memorandum.

      Order reversed. Case remanded for further proceedings. Jurisdiction

relinquished.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 07/21/2020

                                   - 10 -