Court Opinion

ID: 2718404
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-15 22:00:32.466324+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:39:28.450625
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION

                     UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        FILED
                             FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT                         AUG 15 2014

                                                                        MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                        No. 13-30345

               Plaintiff - Appellee,             D.C. No. 3:06-cr-05722-RBL

  v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
JERMAINE LARON GORE,

               Defendant - Appellant.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Western District of Washington
                    Ronald B. Leighton, District Judge, Presiding

                            Submitted August 13, 2014**

Before:        SCHROEDER, THOMAS, and HURWITZ, Circuit Judges.

       Jermaine Laron Gore appeals from the district court’s judgment and

challenges the 12-month sentence imposed upon revocation of supervised release.

We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

          *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
          **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      Gore contends that the district court erred by finding that he violated a

condition of supervised release barring unapproved contact with “any person

convicted of a felony.” In particular, he argues that (1) there was insufficient

evidence that he was in phone contact with his cousin, a convicted felon, and (2)

the district court violated his constitutional rights by applying the condition to a

family member. We review a district court’s decision to revoke supervised release

for abuse of discretion, see United States v. Perez, 526 F.3d 543, 547 (9th Cir.

2008), and Gore’s constitutional challenge for plain error, see United States v. Wolf

Child, 699 F.3d 1082, 1094-95 (9th Cir. 2012). Viewing the evidence in the light

most favorable to the government, the district court did not err in determining that

Gore was in phone contact with his cousin because the cousin’s phone log

displayed numerous outgoing and incoming phone calls to and from Gore’s phone

over multiple days. See United States v. King, 608 F.3d 1122, 1129 (9th Cir.

2010).

      We need not reach Gore’s constitutional challenge as he failed to raise this

issue below, and the record reflects that Gore admitted to two additional violations.

Given the district court’s focus on Gore’s criminal history and his failure to be

deterred, Gore has not demonstrated a reasonable probability that he would have

                                           2                                       13-30345
received a different sentence absent any alleged constitutional violation. See

United States v. Dallman, 533 F.3d 755, 762 (9th Cir. 2008).

      Gore also contends that the sentence is unreasonable because the district

court relied too heavily on the Guidelines range, improperly punished him for the

conduct underlying the revocation, and ignored the need for rehabilitation. The

district court did not procedurally err because it based the sentence on the 18

U.S.C. § 3583(e) sentencing factors and did not rely primarily on the need to

punish. See United States v. Simtob, 485 F.3d 1058, 1063 (9th Cir. 2007).

Moreover, the sentence is substantively reasonable in light of the section 3583(e)

sentencing factors and the totality of the circumstances, including Gore’s

significant criminal history, his breach of the court’s trust, and the need for

deterrence. See id.

      AFFIRMED.

                                           3                                      13-30345