Court Opinion

ID: 9387929
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-04-19 15:02:41.956938+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:18:16.261686
License: Public Domain

Cite as 2023 Ark. App. 228
                  ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
                                      DIVISION I
                                        CR-22-370
                                      No.

 CHARLIE MORRIS                               Opinion Delivered April   19, 2023
                              APPELLANT
                                              APPEAL FROM THE CRAWFORD
 V.                                           COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
                                              [NO. 17CR-21-1222]
 STATE OF ARKANSAS
                                APPELLEE
                                              HONORABLE CANDICE A. SETTLE,
                                              JUDGE

                                              AFFIRMED

                          N. MARK KLAPPENBACH, Judge

      Appellant, Charlie Morris, appeals his convictions for (1) possession of less than two

grams of methamphetamine and (2) possession of drug paraphernalia with the purpose to

store, contain, or conceal methamphetamine. Morris argues that there is insufficient

evidence to support either conviction. We affirm.

      On May 17, 2021, Morris and his girlfriend, Anastasia Gentry, tried to rent a motel

room at a Van Buren Motel 6, but the hotel owner would not let them check in without

presenting identification. Gentry got one of her friends to reserve a room at the motel,

where Morris and Gentry stayed that night. Gentry would later admit that they smoked

methamphetamine that night in the motel room. The next day, two Van Buren police

officers arrived at the motel and knocked on the door. They heard two people, a female

voice and a male voice, in the room talking to each other and “some scuffling” and
“commotion.” About five minutes later, Gentry opened the door, and the officers saw

Morris lying on the bed “pretending to be asleep.” One officer was pretty certain that Morris

was pretending because they had just heard a male voice minutes earlier. The officers learned

that there was an active warrant out for Morris, so he was arrested and patted down. The

officers found a glass smoking device in Morris’s pocket; the device had black residue in it.

One officer said that Morris had the familiar scent of smoked methamphetamine. Morris

and Gentry were taken out of the room.

       The police entered the cluttered one-bed room to search it. Officers saw a line of

white powdery substance and another glass smoking device in plain view on the black

countertop beside the sink. Officers found a black hardback case in plain sight near the bed;

inside were several small Ziploc baggies, a smoking device that had a white powdery substance

in it, and syringes. After the police took Morris and Gentry away from the scene, the hotel

owner took over deep cleaning the room. Upon lifting the mattress, he found a zipped black

container that held another small black leather bag. The hotel owner called the police to

retrieve it, so the police came back that day to get it. Inside the zippered container, police

officers found the small black leather bag, which held a small Ziploc baggy that contained a

white crystal substance and a separate large plastic bag that contained over twenty grams of

white crystalline substance that proved to be methamphetamine. Morris moved for directed

verdict on both possession of methamphetamine and possession of drug paraphernalia. 1 The

motions were denied, he was convicted, and this appeal followed.

       1
       Morris was originally charged with possession of methamphetamine of between ten
and two hundred grams, but the jury was also instructed on the lesser-included offense of
                                              2
       Although the State asserts that Morris’s challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence is

barred for failure to make an adequate motion for directed verdict, we disagree. Arkansas

Rule of Criminal Procedure 33.1 requires that a motion for directed verdict specify how the

evidence is deficient.

       Morris’s motions for directed verdict challenged both charges by arguing that the

drugs and paraphernalia were not on his person or “tied” to him and that he did not

“knowingly” or “purposefully” possess either. The jury was instructed on both actual

possession and constructive possession. The jury was further instructed that if two or more

persons share actual or constructive possession of a thing, either or both may be found in

possession. His motions adequately presented the issue of constructive possession of drugs

and paraphernalia. While Morris’s motions were not ideal, they preserved the point well

enough. See Garner v. State, 2020 Ark. App. 101, 594 S.W.3d 145. An appellant is bound

by the nature and scope of the objections and arguments made at trial. Daniels v. State, 2019

Ark. App. 507, 588 S.W.3d 407.

       When reviewing a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence, we view the evidence

in the light most favorable to the State, and only the evidence supporting the verdict will be

considered. Garner, supra. A conviction is affirmed if substantial evidence exists to support

it, meaning the evidence is forceful enough to compel a conclusion beyond suspicion or

conjecture. Id. Circumstantial evidence may support the conviction, but it must be

possession of less than two grams of methamphetamine. The jury convicted Morris of the
lesser offense.
                                              3
inconsistent with any other reasonable hypothesis of innocence. Allen v. State, 2022 Ark.

App. 110, 640 S.W.3d 446. Whether the evidence excludes all other reasonable hypotheses

that show innocence is a decision for the jury. Id. The jury is responsible for determining

witness credibility and resolving any inconsistencies in the evidence. Id.

       Reviewing this appeal under the proper standards, we hold that there was substantial

circumstantial evidence to support Morris’s conviction for constructive possession of the

methamphetamine in plain view on the countertop, given his suspicious behavior of

pretending to be asleep when the officers entered the room, the odor of smoked

methamphetamine coming from his person, and Gentry’s admission that she and he had

smoked methamphetamine. As to the paraphernalia charge, the jury had substantial

circumstantial evidence because Morris was found in his hotel room, on the bed, near the

black hardback case that contained Ziplock baggies and the trappings of methamphetamine

use.

       Morris adds arguments in his opening and reply briefs contending that the State failed

to present adequate proof that any of the white powdery substance, other than the big plastic

bag found underneath the mattress, constituted lab-tested and verified methamphetamine

or a “usable amount” of the drug. These arguments are raised for the first time on appeal.

An appellant cannot change his argument on appeal; an appellant is limited to the arguments

presented to and ruled on by the circuit court. Neal v. State, 2020 Ark. App. 245, 601 S.W.3d

135. Moreover, we do not consider arguments that are raised for the first time in an

appellant’s reply brief. See Adams v. State, 2020 Ark. App. 501, 612 S.W.3d 191.

                                              4
Affirmed.

WOOD and HIXSON, JJ., agree.

Hancock Law Firm, by: Charles Hancock, for appellant.

Leslie Rutledge, Att’y Gen., by: Jason Michael Johnson, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.

                                        5