Court Opinion

ID: 9456888
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-04 20:05:05.543681+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:35:08.015713
License: Public Domain

IRVING R. KAUFMAN, Circuit Judge
(dissenting):
For the reasons stated in my dissent from the panel opinion in this case, which the majority of the in banc court today affirms, I continue to believe that *711the presumption of knowledge in 21 U.S. C. § 174 cannot be upheld on this record. 442 F.2d 703. I find no relevant evidence properly before us upon which to base any conclusion about the likelihood that an average possessor of a “large” quantity of cocaine — whatever that might be — will know that the narcotic was probably imported.