Court Opinion

ID: 2952050
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-16 21:58:49.098228+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:41:46.950586
License: Public Domain

TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

NO. 03-09-00215-CV

Javier Garcia and Maricela Garcia, Both Individually and d/b/a Gar Motorcycle,
Appellants

v.

Bush Hog, L.L.C., Appellee

FROM COUNTY COURT AT LAW NO. 2 OF TRAVIS COUNTY
NO. C-1-CV-08-005030, HONORABLE ERIC SHEPPERD, JUDGE PRESIDING

M E M O R A N D U M   O P I N I O N

		This is a suit on sworn account.  The county court at law granted the plaintiff's
motion for summary judgment and awarded damages against the defendants.  We reverse the
judgment of the county court at law and remand.
		The appellee, Bush Hog, L.L.C., provided the appellants, Javier and Maricela Garcia,
certain "goods, wares, merchandise, or services." (1)  On May 16, 2008, Bush Hog filed suit against
the Garcias for collection of the balance owing on their account.  Bush Hog filed a motion for
summary judgment based on its claim on the sworn account.  On October 28, 2008, the county court
at law granted the motion for summary judgment and entered a final judgment in favor of Bush Hog,
awarding damages in the amount of $24,301.69 as well as attorneys' fees.  The Garcias appeal the
summary judgment. (2)
		We review summary judgments de novo.  Provident Life & Accident Ins. Co. v. Knott,
128 S.W.3d 211, 215 (Tex. 2003).  Under the standard applicable to a traditional motion for
summary judgment, the motion should be granted only when the movant establishes that there is
no genuine issue as to any material fact and that it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.  See
Tex. R. Civ. P. 166a(c); Nixon v. Mr. Prop. Mgmt. Co., 690 S.W.2d 546, 548 (Tex. 1985).  In
reviewing a motion for summary judgment, we accept as true all evidence favorable to the
non-movant, making every reasonable inference and resolving all doubts in the non-movant's favor.
See Nixon, 690 S.W.2d at 548-49.
		The Garcias filed a verified denial in response to Bush Hog's sworn claim on account.
Bush Hog concedes that, therefore, it was required to put on proper proof of its claim.  See Tex. R.
Civ. P. 185; Pennwell Corp. v. Ken Assocs., Inc., 123 S.W.3d 756, 765 (Tex. App.--Houston
[14th Dist.] 2003, pet. denied).  The elements of an action on sworn account are:  (1) there was a
sale and delivery of goods or services; (2) the prices charged are pursuant to an agreement or
are usual, customary, and reasonable; and (3) the outstanding amount remains unpaid.  See Solano
v. Syndicated Office Sys., 225 S.W.3d 64, 67 (Tex. App.--El Paso 2005, no pet.); Pennwell Corp.,
123 S.W.3d at 766.
		Bush Hog argues that it established the elements of its claim as a matter of law.  To
show that there was a sale and delivery of goods or services, Bush Hog relies on documents
filed with its motion for summary judgment.  Specifically, Bush Hog refers to a printout entitled
"A/R Inquiry - Open Item Detail." (3)  The printout contains the name "Gar Motorcycle," states an
"account balance" of $22,501.69 that is also labeled as "past due," and lists twelve items represented
by "Ref Numbers" along with dates and dollar amounts.  The printout is attached to an affidavit by
the custodian of Bush Hog's records, who avers that the printout is "the original or exact duplicate[]
of the original" and that the sum of $22,501.69 is "just, true, and due."  She also avers that "[a]ll just
and lawful offsets, payments, and credits have been allowed."  Neither the printout nor the affidavit
states that any items represented in the printout were, in fact, sold and delivered.
		Bush Hog also relies on an affidavit filed with its reply to the Garcias' response to
the motion for summary judgment.  The documents attached to the affidavit include (1) copies of
two checks signed by Maricela Garcia, drawn on the account of Gar Motorcycle, and made payable
to Bush Hog, each check having been marked as returned for insufficient funds, (2) an account
statement, and (3) eleven single-page invoices.  The reply was filed on October 28, 2008, the same
day as the hearing on the motion for summary judgment.  Any affidavit supporting a motion for
summary judgment must be filed and served at least twenty-one days before the time specified for
a hearing, except on leave of court.  Tex. R. Civ. P. 166a(c).  At the hearing, the Garcias objected
to the untimely filing, and the county court at law did not grant leave from the twenty-one-day
service requirement, either at the hearing or in its order granting the motion for summary judgment. 
Moreover, during the hearing Bush Hog agreed to "withdraw the invoices."  Unless there is a basis
in the record to conclude that untimely material was filed with leave of court, we presume that the
trial court did not consider it.  See Benchmark Bank v. Crowder, 919 S.W.2d 657, 663 (Tex. 1996);
Luna v. Estate of Rodriguez, 906 S.W.2d 576, 582 (Tex. App.--Austin 1995, no writ).  Therefore,
we do not take into consideration the evidence attached to Bush Hog's reply.
		Viewing only the evidence in the summary judgment record, and making every
reasonable inference and resolving all doubts in the Garcias' favor, we conclude that Bush Hog
failed to establish that it is entitled to judgment on its sworn account claim as a matter of law. (4)  We
reverse the judgment of the county court at law and remand for further proceedings consistent
with this opinion.

						__________________________________________
						G. Alan Waldrop, Justice
Before Chief Justice Jones, Justices Waldrop and Henson
Reversed and Remanded
Filed:   July 16, 2010
1.   Suit was filed against the Garcias both individually and doing business as Gar Motorcycle. 
The evidence indicates that Gar Motorcycle had entered into a security agreement with Bush Hog,
and the Garcias--the owners of Gar Motorcycle--had executed a personal guaranty.  The Garcias
argued at the trial court that Bush Hog sued them in the wrong capacity.  We do not address this
argument because it is not necessary to our disposition of the appeal.
2.   Bush Hog argues that we should not consider any of the Garcias' arguments because
they do not make any reference to the clerk's record in their appellate briefing.  An appellant's brief
must contain a clear and concise argument "with appropriate citations to authorities and to the
record."  Tex. R. App. P. 38.1(i).  However, we interpret this requirement reasonably and liberally.
See Republic Underwriters Ins. Co. v. Mex-Tex, Inc., 150 S.W.3d 423, 427 (Tex. 2004).  The
Garcias' briefing contains a clear and concise argument with citations to authorities, and the record
is not so large as to inhibit our review.
3.   The printout is also attached to Bush Hog's pleadings and consists of two pages.  However,
the version attached to Bush Hog's motion for summary judgment includes only the first page.
4.   We note that the Garcias did not file a verified denial until after Bush Hog filed its motion
for summary judgment.