Court Opinion

ID: 9943514
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-23 18:01:02.46442+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:47:11.200395
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION

                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                            FILED
                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
                                                                            FEB 23 2024
                                                                         MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
DONECIA L. AUGUSTUS; MARK                        No.   23-55312
AUGUSTUS,
                                                 D.C. No.
              Plaintiffs-Appellants,             2:20-cv-11255-FLA-RAO

 v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES;
WILLIAM SPILLER, Jr., in his individual
and official capacity; SHAUNTA
MONTGOMERY, in her individual and
de-facto official capacity; GUS T. MAY,
Honorable, in his official capacity only;
STATE OF CALIFORNIA; DOES, 1-10,

              Defendants-Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Central District of California
                Fernando L. Aenlle-Rocha, District Judge, Presiding

                     Argued and Submitted February 15, 2024
                              Pasadena, California

Before: TALLMAN, IKUTA, and OWENS, Circuit Judges.

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      Donecia and Mark Augustus (collectively referred to here as “Augustuses”)

appeal the district court’s dismissal of their federal civil rights claims under 28

U.S.C. § 1983 against the County of Los Angeles, Shaunta Montgomery, William

Spiller, Jr., and the State of California. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C.

§ 1291.

      The complaint fails to state a claim against the County under § 1983 because

it does not plausibly allege that the County had an official policy or custom of

making false and fraudulent representations to a court as a pretext for seizing

children. See AE ex rel. Hernandez v. Cnty. of Tulare, 666 F.3d 631, 637 (9th Cir.

2012); Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 681 (2009). The allegations in the

complaint are either conclusory and lack supporting facts or rely on speculation

rather than reasonably drawn inferences. See AE, 666 F.3d at 637; Iqbal, 556 U.S.

at 681.

      The complaint fails to state a claim against Spiller and Montgomery under

§ 1983, because the complaint does not plausibly allege that Spiller’s and

Montgomery’s conduct “can be attributed to the State.” Lugar v. Edmondson Oil

Co., 457 U.S. 922, 941 (1982). The complaint does not allege any facts showing

“an agreement or meeting of minds to violate the [Augustuses’s] constitutional

rights.” Woodrum v. Woodward Cnty., 866 F.2d 1121, 1126 (9th Cir. 1989).

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While the complaint alleges that the County and the private individuals

“exchange[d] . . . ‘mutual benefits,’” this “falls far short of creating the substantial

interdependence legally required to create a symbiotic relationship.” Brunette v.

Humane Soc’y of Ventura Cnty., 294 F.3d 1205, 1214 (9th Cir. 2002), as amended

on denial of reh’g and reh’g en banc (Aug. 23, 2002). Nor does the complaint

plausibly allege that County officials did anything besides “merely stand[] by” and

engage in passive peacekeeping functions when Montgomery acted upon the court

order to pick up Sasha from school, Howerton v. Gabica, 708 F.2d 380, 384 (9th

Cir. 1983), which is insufficient to make Spiller and Montgomery joint actors with

the state.

       Because the district court previously dismissed the claims against the

County, Spiller, and Montgomery with leave to amend, and the Augustuses failed

to cure the complaint’s defects, the district court did not abuse its discretion by

dismissing the complaint with prejudice. See Zucco Partners, LLC v. Digimarc

Corp., 552 F.3d 981, 1007 (9th Cir. 2009).

       The district court did not err in dismissing the Augustuses’s claim against

the State challenging the constitutionality of Cal. Probate Code § 2250(e)(1). The

Augustuses failed to file an opposition to the State’s motion to dismiss for seven

months, a violation of the local rules. C.D. Cal. L.R. 7-9, 7-12. Because three of

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the five factors set forth in Ghazali v. Moran, 46 F.3d 52, 53 (9th Cir. 1995)—the

public interest in expeditious resolution of litigation, the court’s need to manage its

docket, and the risk of prejudice to the defendants balanced against the stated

reason for the delay—strongly weigh in favor of dismissal, we affirm the district

court’s dismissal of this claim with prejudice. Yourish v. Cal. Amplifier, 191 F.3d

983, 992 (9th Cir. 1999).

      AFFIRMED.

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