Court Opinion

ID: 893420
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-06-05 18:55:17.971741+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:35:45.015310
License: Public Domain

1   This memorandum opinion was not selected for publication in the New Mexico Reports. Please see
 2   Rule 12-405 NMRA for restrictions on the citation of unpublished memorandum opinions. Please
 3   also note that this electronic memorandum opinion may contain computer-generated errors or other
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 6        IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO

 7 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,

 8          Plaintiff-Appellee,

 9 v.                                                                                  NO. 31,193

10 MARK BLUDWORTH,

11          Defendant-Appellant.

12 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY
13 Charles W. Brown, District Judge

14 Gary K. King, Attorney General
15 Santa Fe, NM

16 for Appellant

17 Jacqueline L. Cooper, Acting Chief Public Defender
18 Allison H. Jaramillo, Assistant Appellate Defender
19 Santa Fe, NM

20 for Appellee

21                                 MEMORANDUM OPINION

22 VANZI, Judge.
 1        Defendant appeals his convictions on numerous counts of embezzlement or in

 2 the alternative fraud. In our notice, we proposed to affirm. Defendant has timely

 3 responded. We have considered his arguments, and being unpersuaded, we affirm.

 4 We remand, however, to the district court to vacate one of the alternatives for

 5 violation of double jeopardy.

 6        Defendant continues to argue that the district court erred in allowing a witness

 7 to testify and imply that he destroyed or stole company records. [MIO 6] Prior to

 8 trial, the district court granted Defendant’s motion in limine excluding testimony

 9 about a break-in that had occurred at the business around the time that Defendant was

10 fired. [RP 151, DS 9-10] During the testimony of the forensic accountant, she was

11 asked if there was anything strange about the way that documents were kept at the

12 business. She responded that a lot of documents were missing. [DS 10]

13        Defendant contends that her testimony violated the district court’s order on the

14 motion in limine. As there was nothing in her testimony regarding how or why

15 documents were missing, we continue to hold that the testimony did not violate the

16 district court’s order excluding evidence of a break-in. There was no suggestion in

17 her testimony that Defendant was responsible for the missing records. She simply

18 stated that a number of records were missing. We are unconvinced that this testimony

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 1 was prejudicial to Defendant as there was no testimony connecting him to the missing

 2 records.

 3        Defendant continues to argue that the district court erred in failing to order the

 4 State to produce certain bank records of the business. [MIO 9] These records were

 5 never disclosed to the defense and were never introduced at trial. Defendant argues

 6 that the records were exculpatory, as they would show his diligence in record-keeping

 7 and would show how money moved between business accounts. [MIO 11-12] As we

 8 pointed out in our notice, what the owner did with money, moving it from different

 9 accounts is irrelevant to the charges against Defendant, as an owner cannot embezzle

10 from himself. Defendant’s diligence in record-keeping is likewise irrelevant as the

11 State’s case has nothing to do with record-keeping but rather with payment of

12 Defendant’s own credit cards with business monies. We fail to see how bank records

13 might be used to show that Defendant was instead reimbursing himself for business

14 charges that he made on his own credit card.

15        We conclude that the district court did not err in denying Defendant’s motion

16 to order the State to disclose certain bank records to Defendant.

17        Defendant has indicated that he will not pursue his third issue, relating to the

18 proper proponent of certain evidence. [MIO 5-6] Therefore, we decline to address

19 it further.

                                              3
 1        Finally, Defendant attacks the sufficiency of the evidence to support his

 2 convictions. [MIO 13] In our notice, we pointed out that this was a case that

 3 depended in large part on the credibility of Defendant with regard to the business

 4 practices of the company he worked for and that we defer to the fact finder.

 5 Defendant argues that the State failed to prove that he fraudulently intended to deprive

 6 the owner of the owner’s property. As we have often stated, intent is usually inferred

 7 from the facts of the case, not direct evidence. State v. Gallegos, 109 N.M. 55, 66,

 8 781 P.2d 783, 794 (Ct. App. 1989). Thus, the jury could have found the fraudulent

 9 intent to deprive the owner of his property from the fact that Defendant was paying

10 his own credit card bills with the business’s money. Defendant’s argument that they

11 were business charges on his own credit card that he was paying off is simply a matter

12 of conflicting testimony, which the jury must reconcile.

13        Further, Defendant contends that, with regard to the fraud charges, the State

14 failed to prove that he had an intent to deceive or cheat the owner of the business.

15 [MIO 16] Again, the intent to cheat or deceive could be found from the evidence that

16 Defendant used business monies to pay his personal credit card. He maintains that the

17 charges were business related, but the jury could discount his version of the facts. We

18 conclude that the evidence was sufficient to support the convictions.

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 1        However, Defendant was convicted of both embezzlement and fraud in relation

 2 to each transaction. [RP 513-550] We have previously held that convictions for both

 3 embezzlement and fraud are a violation of double jeopardy, as the crimes are mutually

 4 exclusive. State v. Hornbeck, 2008-NMCA-039, ¶ 15, 143 N.M. 562, 178 P.3d 847.

 5 Both of the guilty verdicts cannot stand in this case. We recognize that Defendant was

 6 not sentenced on each of the alternatives, but that does not alleviate the double

 7 jeopardy problem. See State v. Pierce, 110 N.M. 76, 86-87, 792 P.2d 408, 418-19

 8 (1990).

 9        For the reasons stated herein and in the calendar notice, we affirm the

10 convictions. However, we reverse and remand to the district court to vacate one of the

11 alternative convictions. As both of the offenses are the same degree felonies, we

12 express no opinion as to which of the alternative convictions would need to be

13 vacated. State v. Mercer, 2005-NMCA-023, ¶ 29, 137 N.M. 36, 106 P.3d 1283.

14        IT IS SO ORDERED.

15                                         __________________________________
16                                         LINDA M. VANZI, Judge

17 WE CONCUR:

18 _________________________________
19 JAMES J. WECHSLER, Judge

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1 _________________________________
2 CYNTHIA A. FRY, Judge

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