Court Opinion

ID: 9912327
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-12-22 06:05:23.694422+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:58:35.624359
License: Public Domain

If this opinion indicates that it is “FOR PUBLICATION,” it is subject to
                  revision until final publication in the Michigan Appeals Reports.

                           STATE OF MICHIGAN

                            COURT OF APPEALS

PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN,                                      UNPUBLISHED
                                                                      December 21, 2023
               Plaintiff-Appellee,

v                                                                     No. 364308
                                                                      Barry Circuit Court
STEVE BENEDICT ALADICS II,                                            LC No. 2022-000251-FH

               Defendant-Appellant.

Before: RIORDAN, P.J., and MURRAY and M. J. KELLY, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

        Defendant, Steve Benedict Aladics II, was convicted after a jury trial of aggravated
stalking, MCL 750.411i. The trial court sentenced Aladics as a fourth-offense habitual offender,
MCL 769.12, to 120 to 480 months’ imprisonment. For the reasons stated in this opinion, we
affirm.

                                         I. BASIC FACTS

         Aladics and the complainant met in 2012, when the victim was 15 years of age and Aladics
was 23. During their 10-year relationship, they married and had two children. The complainant
testified that during the relationship, Aladics was mentally, physically, and emotionally abusive.
She recounted that, among other things, he had thrown her into a wall, had shoved her to the
ground, and had told her that she was not good enough and that she was a bad mother. She testified
that she tried to leave him several times, but he threatened to harm her parents and take her children
from her so she stayed with him. In December 2020, however, their daughter disclosed that
Aladics had sexually assaulted her. Thereafter, the complainant applied for a personal protection
order (PPO). The PPO, which was granted in December 2020, prohibited Aladics from contacting
the complainant. Additionally, criminal proceedings were initiated against Aladics based upon the

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allegations that he had sexually assaulted his daughter.1 As part of the criminal proceedings, a no-
contact order was put in place that prohibited him from contacting the complainant or his daughter.

         Aladics ignored the PPO and contacted the complainant on three occasions. First, in
January 2021, Aladics, who was incarcerated at the time, asked his cellmate to place a three-way
call so that Aladics could speak to the complainant. The complainant recognized Aladics’s voice
when she answered the phone. Her daughter also recognized Aladics’s voice. The complainant
testified that the call made her feel harassed, intimidated, and scared. She recounted that both she
and her daughter were terrified by hearing Aladics’s voice. Aladics told her that he loved her and
“not to hang up.” She told Aladics “to not call me again, please never contact me.” The
complainant then reported Aladics’s phone call to the police. The investigating detective who took
the report testified that the complainant was very upset, her voice was shaking, and she felt
harassed because the PPO and the no-contact order were not protecting her. Additionally,
Aladics’s cellmate’s girlfriend, who facilitated the call, testified that the complainant called her
phone to learn why she had placed the call for Aladics. She stated that during the call the
complainant was “very upset,” her voice was shaking, and it was clear that she did not want to
have contact with Aladics.

        The second incident occurred in May 2021. The complainant testified that Aladics called
her twice. The first call was “a prerecording with [Aladics’s] voice on it.” She did not answer the
second call. The complainant again reported the contact to the police. The investigating detective
stated that the complainant was again upset and feeling harassed because her PPO and no-contact
order were not protecting her. The complainant also contacted the Department of Corrections to
have her phone number blocked from the prison so that Aladics could no longer contact her.

         The third incident occurred in November 2021. The complainant stated that when she
heard Aladics’s voice she immediately told him not to contact or call her again. The complainant
testified that Aladics’s repeated contact caused her to lose sleep and forced her to engage in safety
planning. She sought counseling and felt like she had to watch over her shoulder wherever she
went. She added that she felt that she would always need a PPO “[b]ecause he’s never gonna stop”
and that he had told her that “he’s never gonna stop.” At trial, a police detective testified that she
was concerned about Aladics’s repeated contact of the complainant because he continued to
repeatedly contact her after being told to stop.

        The jury found Aladics guilty of aggravated stalking. During sentencing, the complainant
provided a victim-impact statement that detailed the trauma and fear that she experienced as a
result of Aladics repeatedly violating the PPO. Aladics also made a statement at sentencing,
explaining that “if I knew this was gonna come to this and it was gonna cause me problems, I
wouldn’t of [sic] made the phone call.” He added that because the PPO stated that any violation
would result in a misdemeanor, punishable by up to 93 days, he was unaware of the fact that he

1
 Aladics eventually pleaded no contest to the charges related to his sexual assault of his daughter,
and he was divorced from the complainant.

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could be convicted of aggravated stalking. For reasons that will be discussed further below, the
trial court imposed an outside-the-guideline sentence of 120 to 480 months.

                                II. SUFFICIENCY OF EVIDENCE

                                  A. STANDARD OF REVIEW

        Aladics argues that the prosecution did not present sufficient evidence at trial to sustain his
aggravated stalking conviction. Challenges to the sufficiency of the evidence are reviewed de
novo. People v Ericksen, 288 Mich App 192, 195; 793 NW2d 120 (2010). The evidence is viewed
in a light most favorable to the prosecution and conflicts in the evidence are resolved in favor of
the prosecution. People v Solloway, 316 Mich App 174, 180-181; 891 NW2d 255 (2016). Because
the standard of review is deferential, “a reviewing court is required to draw all reasonable
inferences and make credibility choices in support of the jury verdict.” People v Nowack, 462
Mich 392, 400; 614 NW2d 78 (2000). The reviewing court must determine “whether the evidence
was sufficient to justify a rational trier of fact’s conclusion that the evidence proved the essential
elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Solloway, 316 Mich App at 181.

                                           B. ANALYSIS

       Aladics was convicted of aggravated stalking. “Stalking” is statutorily defined as “a willful
course of conduct involving repeated or continuing harassment of another individual that would
cause a reasonable person to feel terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened, harassed, or
molested and that actually causes the victim to feel terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened,
harassed, or molested.” MCL 750.411i(2)(e). As relevant in this case, an individual is guilty of
aggravated stalking if the stalking involves at least one action “in violation of a restraining order”
when “the individual has received actual notice of that restraining order.” MCL 750.411i(2)(a).

        Aladics argues that there is insufficient evidence to establish that his violations of the PPO
caused the complainant to feel terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened, harassed, or
molested. He suggests instead that the complainant was only angry about the phone calls and that
she had no reason to feel, terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened, harassed, or molested by
the phone calls because he was imprisoned at the time, posed no physical threat to her, and,
therefore, was incapable of terrorizing her. We disagree.

         The complainant testified that her relationship with Aladics was marked by physical,
verbal, and emotional abuse, which included his threats to harm her and others and to take her
children away from her. It was only after Aladics sexually assaulted their daughter that she was
able to gather the courage to leave him. In light of their history, it is reasonable to infer that his
contact, in violation of the PPO and the no-contact order, would make a reasonable person feel
terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened, harassed, or molested. Moreover, the complainant
testified that she could not sleep as a result of the contact, that she felt as if she had to look over
her shoulder, and that she engaged in safety planning. She was intimidated by the calls because
she knew how badly Aladics could hurt her and it did not seem that the PPO was able to protect
her from unwanted contact even when Aladics was incarcerated. Additionally, Aladics’s
cellmate’s girlfriend recounted that the complainant was very upset and her voice was shaking
when she called her to determine why she had facilitated Aladics contacting her. The police

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detective who investigated Aladics’s violation of the PPO likewise described the complainant as
angry, afraid, and harassed because she had the PPO and the no-contact order because she did not
want contact with Aladics, who was contacting her notwithstanding the legal orders prohibiting
the contact. Viewing this evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, we conclude that
there is sufficient evidence to establish that Aladics’s repeated violations of the PPO and no-
contact order caused the complainant to feel terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened,
harassed, or molested. Moreover, given their history and the repeated nature of the contacts, we
conclude that a reasonable person would feel terrorized, frightened, intimidated, threatened,
harassed, or molested by the contact.

       In sum, we conclude that sufficient evidence was presented to sustain Aladics’s
aggravated-stalking conviction. Accordingly, his conviction is affirmed.

                                         III. SENTENCING

                                  A. STANDARD OF REVIEW

        Aladics argues that the trial court erred by imposing an outside-the-guidelines sentence of
120 months. A trial court’s outside-the-guideline sentence is reviewed for reasonableness. People
v Lockridge, 498 Mich 358, 365; 870 NW2d 502 (2015). “[A]ppellate review of departure
sentences for reasonableness requires review of whether the trial court abused its discretion by
violating the principle of proportionality set forth in” People v Milbourn, 435 Mich 630; 461
NW2d 1 (1990). People v Steanhouse, 500 Mich 453, 477; 902 NW2d 327 (2017).

                                           B. ANALYSIS

         To determine whether a sentence outside the guidelines range is more proportionate than a
sentence within the guidelines, the court may consider “(1) whether the guidelines accurately
reflect the seriousness of the crime; (2) factors not considered by the guidelines; and (3) factors
considered by the guidelines but given inadequate weight.” People v Dixon-Bey, 321 Mich App
490, 524-525; 909 NW2d 458 (2017) (quotation marks and citations omitted). Additionally, when
considering the proportionality of a sentence, the trial court should consider: “(a) the reformation
of the offender, (b) protection of society, (c) the disciplining of the wrongdoer, and (d) the
deterrence of others from committing like offenses.” People v Bennett, 335 Mich App 409, 418;
966 NW2d 768 (2021) (quotation marks and citation omitted).

        In this case, the court noted that the guidelines did not accurately reflect the seriousness of
the crime because Aladics had 10 prior felonies, 10 misdemeanors, and was currently serving a
sentence for criminal sexual conduct. The trial court also listed the factors not considered by the
guidelines, including protection of the overall community and protection of the complainant and
her children. The court noted that the complainant would always have to look over her shoulder
and that her life would never be the same. Additionally, the trial court discussed “factors
considered by the guidelines but given inadequate weight,” such as the fact that Aladics was given
multiple opportunities to deter himself from crime “with counseling, with probation, with other
sources that are available, you—he’s been in jail, has every deterrent possible, it doesn’t work,
hasn’t worked. And in fact, his criminal history over the last few years has accelerated, it’s gotten
worse.” The trial court noted Aladics’s Prior Record Variable (PRV) score was 95 points, but that

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the PRV level only accounted for 75 points. On this record, the trial court did not err by
determining that a sentence outside the guidelines was more proportionate than a sentence within
the guidelines.

       Aladics next argues that because he appreciated the seriousness of his actions and was
remorseful at sentencing, the departure sentence is disproportionate and inappropriate. However,
during sentencing, Aladics admitted that he knowingly disregarded the court’s orders and
contacted the complainant because he assumed that the only consequence he would face was a
misdemeanor, punishable by up to 93 days. He stated:

       I made the calls. I didn’t dispute that. I didn’t say I didn’t. I didn’t deny it or
       anything like that. I knew what I was doin’, I just didn’t know what I was actually
       setting myself up for.

                                               * * *

       [I]f I knew it was gonna come to this, I wouldn’t’ve [sic] made the call. And the
       PPO had stated, you know, if I did violate that it was a 93 day offense for a
       misdemeanor.

Even at sentencing, therefore, it is plain that Aladics did not appreciate the effect that his actions
had on the complainant. At his sentencing hearing, he continued to believe his actions to be
harmless enough to amount to a misdemeanor, and he repeatedly stated that if he knew “this was
gonna come to this and it was gonna cause me problems,” then he would have never contacted the
complainant, and that “[i]f 93 days was the cost of me being able to tell my now ex-wife . . . that
I love her,” then he was okay with violating court orders. Aladics’s lack of understanding of the
severity of his actions is a factor that can be considered as a sentencing factor, and the record
shows that Aladics is likely to repeat his actions so long as he does not believe he will face serious
consequences.

       Lastly, Aladics argues that a 120-month minimum sentence “for a phone call to let someone
know they still loved them is patently unreasonable.” Yet, the trial court did not impose the
departure sentence only “for a phone call to let someone know they still loved them.” The trial
court imposed the departure sentence because Aladics violated the court’s orders multiple times,
showed no success in rehabilitation despite multiple attempts, and has been terrorizing the
complainant and her children.

       In sum, the trial court’s sentence was based on both factors that were not given adequate
weight by the guidelines and factors not considered by the guidelines; it was also imposed with
concern for the complainant and to adequately discipline Aladics. See Dixon-Bey, 321 Mich App

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at 525. Therefore, the trial court’s sentence did not violate the principle of proportionality, and
Aladics is not entitled to resentencing.

       Affirmed.

                                                            /s/ Michael J. Riordan
                                                            /s/ Christopher M. Murray
                                                            /s/ Michael J. Kelly

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