Court Opinion

ID: 4684071
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-05-05 15:05:25.649119+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:04:19.296625
License: Public Domain

Third District Court of Appeal
                               State of Florida

                          Opinion filed May 5, 2021.
       Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.
                             ________________

                              No. 3D20-956
                        Lower Tribunal No. 19-8378
                           ________________

                      Mishpaja Shajine, Inc., et al.,
                              Appellants,

                                     vs.

                  Granada Insurance Company, et al.,
                              Appellees.

     An Appeal from the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, Martin Zilber,
Judge.

      St. Johns Law Group, and Shaun C. Saliba (St. Augustine), for
appellants.

    Hinshaw & Culbertson LLP, and James H. Wyman and Ronald L.
Kammer, for appellees.

Before FERNANDEZ, SCALES and MILLER, JJ.

     SCALES, J.
      In this declaratory judgment action, the appellants Mishpaja Shajine,

Inc. and Fidel Said, defendants below, appeal the trial court’s final summary

judgment entered in favor of the plaintiff/appellee, Granada Insurance

Company (“Granada”). Because we conclude the trial court abused its

discretion 1 in denying the appellants’ ore tenus motion – made at the

summary judgment hearing conducted below – to amend their answer to

assert an affirmative defense, we reverse the trial court’s June 9, 2020 final

judgment and remand for further proceedings.

      Granada moved for final summary judgment on its claim for declaratory

relief, setting its motion for hearing on June 2, 2020. Several days prior to

the scheduled hearing, on May 28, 2020, the appellants timely filed a notice

of affidavit in opposition to Granada’s summary judgment motion, attaching

Mr. Said’s affidavit. Granada concedes that Mr. Said’s affidavit attests to

facts supporting an unpled affirmative defense.

      Believing that the summary judgment hearing would be cancelled, 2 the

appellants did not contemporaneously file a motion to amend their answer

1
  “An order denying a defendant’s motion to amend its affirmative defenses
is . . . reviewed for an abuse of discretion.” Am. Integrity Ins. Co. v. Estrada,
276 So. 3d 905, 910 (Fla. 3d DCA 2019).
2
  The Friday before the Tuesday hearing, Granada filed a notice of
cancellation of the summary judgment hearing. Granada sought to cancel
the hearing so that Granada’s counsel could take Mr. Said’s deposition. On

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to include the new affirmative defense addressed in the affidavit. Instead, at

the June 2, 2020 summary judgment hearing, the appellants’ counsel moved

ore tenus to amend the appellants’ answer to assert the affirmative defense.

The trial court denied the appellants leave to amend and granted Granada’s

summary judgment motion. The appellants timely appeal the trial court’s

June 9, 2020 final summary judgment.

      “Courts should be especially liberal when leave to amend is sought at

or before a hearing on a motion for summary judgment.” JVN Holdings, Inc.

v. Am. Constr. & Repairs, LLC, 185 So. 3d 599, 601 (Fla. 3d DCA 2016)

(quoting Laurencio v. Deutsche Bank Nat’l Tr. Co., 65 So. 3d 1190, 1193

(Fla. 2d DCA 2011)). The trial court’s denial of a party’s motion to amend a

pleading is generally an abuse of discretion, unless (i) the moving party has

abused the privilege to amend, (ii) the opposing party would be prejudiced

by the amendment, or (iii) the amendment would be futile. See Fayad v. Univ.

of Miami, 307 So. 3d 114, 118 (Fla. 3d DCA 2020). None of these factors

are present in this case.

      First, the appellants made no prior amendments to their pleading and

there is no indication on this record that the appellants made their ore tenus

Monday, the day before the scheduled hearing, the parties learned that the
hearing was not cancelled and would go forward.

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motion at the summary judgment hearing to intentionally delay the

proceedings. See Reyes v. BAC Home Loans Servicing L.P., 226 So. 3d

354, 356-57 (Fla. 2d DCA 2017) (concluding the trial court abused its

discretion in denying the defendant’s motion to amend her answer and

affirmative defenses where the motion was the defendant’s first request to

amend, noting “the bare timing of a motion to amend . . . [is], at most,

ancillary to the primary considerations of prejudice to the opposing party,

abuse of the privilege, and futility of the proposed amended pleading”).

Second, Granada did not argue below that it was prejudiced and “any

prejudice which may be deemed to have existed ordinarily should be

remedied, not by denial of the amendment, but by a continuance.” Carib

Ocean Shipping, Inc. v. Armas, 854 So. 2d 234, 236 n.2 (Fla. 3d DCA 2003).

Third, “[a]ny doubt with respect to futility should be resolved in favor of

allowing the amendment, especially when leave to amend is sought at or

before the summary judgment hearing.” RV-7 Prop., Inc. v. Stefani De La O,

Inc., 187 So. 3d 915, 917 (Fla. 3d DCA 2016).3

     For these reasons, we conclude that the trial court abused its discretion

by not granting the appellants leave to file an amended answer and

3
  We express no opinion on the viability of the appellants’ affirmative
defense.

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affirmative defenses. We therefore reverse the trial court’s June 9, 2020 final

judgment and remand for further proceedings.

      Reversed and remanded.

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