Court Opinion

ID: 3063605
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-14 21:15:49.671697+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:15:33.321611
License: Public Domain

[DO NOT PUBLISH]

             IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                 FILED
                     FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                       ________________________ ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                                                             APR 8, 2009
                              No. 07-15087                 THOMAS K. KAHN
                          Non-Argument Calendar                CLERK
                        ________________________

                 D. C. Docket No. 07-00799-CV-T-23-TGW

ERNEST ENAX,
an individual,
                                                            Plaintiff-Appellant,

                                   versus

STEVEN GOLDSMITH,
an individual,
ROBERT BUDDE,
an individual,

                                                         Defendants-Appellees.

                        ________________________

                 Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Middle District of Florida
                      _________________________

                               (April 8, 2009)

Before EDMONDSON, Chief Judge, BIRCH and FAY, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:

      Plaintiff-Petitioner Ernest Enax (“Enax”) appeals the district court’s order

dismissing his amended civil-rights complaint for failure to prosecute. We do not

have jurisdiction to review Enax’s appeal from the district court’s 24 August 2007

order. As to Enax’s appeal of the 13 September 2007 and 9 October 2007 orders,

the district court did not abuse its discretion by denying Enax’s motions.

      Enax filed in May 2007 a pro se complaint against Defendant Goldsmith, an

Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) revenue officer, and Defendant Budde, an IRS

group manager, in their individual capacities. Enax alleged civil-rights violations

related to an IRS levy on his Social Security disability benefits. Filing the

complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, Enax contended that Defendants were members

of a “secret society” that stole “by stealth and fraud” money from his Social

Security benefits, thereby “reducing [Mr. Enax] to a condition of involuntary

servitude.” The district court dismissed the complaint without prejudice for failure

to state a claim because Enax did not allege that Defendants were state actors, a

necessary element of a section 1983 claim. The court permitted Enax to file an

amended complaint on or before 13 July 2007.

      Enax timely filed an amended complaint, but it did not comply with a local

rule that requires an amended pleading to be filed in its entirety. The district court

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dismissed the complaint without prejudice and allowed Enax to file an amended

complaint that conformed with local rules by 10 August 2007. Enax did not file an

amended complaint within the allotted time. Two weeks later, on 24 August 2007,

the district court dismissed the case for lack of prosecution.

      On 12 September 2007, Enax filed a Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b) (“Rule 60(b)”)

motion to vacate the district court’s order of dismissal based on “clerical error.”

The court denied the motion the next day.

      On 2 October 2007, Enax filed a second motion, this time to vacate the

district court’s 13 September order denying the original motion to vacate. Because

Enax offered no legal basis for the motion, the district court denied the motion on 9

October 2007. Enax filed a notice of appeal on 24 October 2007, seeking review of

the district court’s 24 August dismissal order and its 13 September and 9 October

orders denying Enax’s motions to vacate.

      We review for an abuse of discretion the district court’s denial of a Rule

60(b) motion. Burke v. Smith, 252 F.3d 1260, 1263 (11th Cir. 2001). First, we

examine Enax’s appeal from the district court’s 24 August order. Then, we will

review Enax’s appeal from the 13 September and 9 October orders.

      A petitioner’s notice of appeal must be filed within the time limits set forth

in Fed. R. App. P. 4(a). Compliance with the requirements for filing timely a notice

                                           3
of appeal is both “mandatory and jurisdictional.” Coleman v. Thompson, 111 S. Ct.
2546, 2565 (1991). We do not have jurisdiction to hear Enax’s appeal from the 24

August order under Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(A) or Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(B).1 At

the latest, Enax’s notice of appeal must have been filed by 23 October 2007 to be

timely. Because Enax did not file a notice of appeal until 24 October 2007, it was

untimely; and we do not have jurisdiction to review it.2

       We may, however, review Enax’s appeals from the 13 September and 9

October district court orders denying his Rule 60(b) motions. Relief under Rule

60(b) is an “extraordinary remedy which may be invoked only upon a showing of

exceptional circumstances.” Crapp v. City of Miami Beach, 242 F.3d 1017, 1020

(11th Cir. 2001) (internal citation omitted). Because “an appeal from a denial of a

Rule 60(b) motion cannot serve as a substitute for an appeal of the underlying

order,” we review only the district court’s refusal to reinstate Enax’s case: not the

merits of Enax’s case or the district court’s underlying decision to dismiss it.

Carter ex rel. Carter v. United States, 780 F.2d 925, 927 (11th Cir. 1986) (internal

       1
         A sixty-day appeal period applies here. Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(1)(B). See Wallace v.
Chappell, 637 F.2d 1345, 1348 (9th Cir. 1981) (en banc) (sixty-day filing period for Rule 4(a)
applies to alleged grievance arising from government activity if “defendant officers were acting
under color of office” or if “any party in the case is represented by a government attorney”). See
also Williams v. Collins, 728 F.2d 721, 724 (5th Cir. 1984).
       2
          Because Enax’s Rule 60(b) motion was filed on 12 September 2007, more than ten
business days after entry of the 24 August 2007 order of dismissal, it did not toll the period for
filing a timely notice of appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(4)(A)(vi).

                                                 4
citation omitted).

      Here, Enax appeals impermissibly the merits of the complaint dismissed by

the district court. He presents no legitimate reason why the district court should

have reinstated his suit under Rule 60(b) due to clerical error or for any other

eligible ground for relief. The district court did not abuse its discretion by denying

Enax’s Rule 60(b) motion in its 13 September and 9 October orders. Accordingly,

we affirm the district court.

      DISMISS IN PART, AFFIRM IN PART.

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