Court Opinion

ID: 6439714
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-06-25 12:15:51.965166+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:52:31.896097
License: Public Domain

Carroll, J.
The John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company issued a policy of insurance on the life of William H. Burgess in the sum of $20,000, payable to Ethel M. Burgess, his wife. On May 26, 1925, she assigned her interest in the proceeds of the policy to Franklin P. Simonds by whose executors this suit is prosecuted. The assignment recited so far as here material that it “is made as protection to said Franklin P. Simonds against any loss of money in the Lexington Building Trust — : now or hereafter loaned — either to said Lexington Building Trust or to the said William H. Burgess by the said Franklin P. Simonds.” On July 28, 1928, a few days before the expiration of the policy, it having been issued for the term of ten years, a new policy for $11,000, and two other policies were issued, aggregating $20,000. On July 30, 1928, an assignment of the $11,000 policy was made to Simonds by Mrs. Burgess “as protection to said Franklin P. Simonds against any loss of money in the Lexington Build*439ing Trust — now or hereafter loaned ” to the trust or to Burgess by Simonds. No money was lent either to Burgess or to the trust company by Simonds on the day of the assignment of July 30, 1928, or thereafter. In the Superior Court a decree was entered for the plaintiff. The case is in this court on the appeal of the defendant Burgess, who will hereafter be referred to as the defendant.
The main contention of the defendant rests on the construction of the words “ now or hereafter loaned.” She contends that the word “ now ” means the time when the assignment was executed; that it did not protect the assignee for past loans and as no loan was then or thereafter made the plaintiff cannot recover.
The word “ now ” generally implies the present time. But it does not in all circumstances necessarily mean the present. Its true meaning and the sense in which it was used are to be determined by the context. When the assignment was made Burgess or the building trust was indebted to Simonds for more than $11,000. Simonds was then under conservatorship, conservators having been appointed on July 6, 1928, and subsequently discharged in July, 1929. There is nothing to show that a present loan was in the minds of the parties. In the assignment of 1925 the same words “ now or hereafter loaned ” were used. Considering all the circumstances, the defendant did not execute the assignment intending that Simonds, whose property was then under the care and management of conservators, would then lend money either to the building trust or to Burgess. The assignment was given as a protection “ against any loss of money ” in the form of a loan then existing or which might thereafter be made. See in this connection Sawyer v. Stilson, 146 Iowa, 707; Greene County v. City Bank of Jefferson, 196 Iowa, 1164, 1167.
The defendant also argues that no loss has been shown to have been sustained by Simonds. The judge who heard the evidence found that there was an indebtedness “ still existing to the amount stated in the face of the policy,” and the debt was established “ within the terms of the assignment.” There is nothing in the reported evidence *440showing that this finding is wrong. We have examined the eases cited by the defendant and we see no reason why the findings of the judge should be reversed.
The defendant contends that the assignment was void. The first assignment was executed before conservators were appointed, the second assignment was given to protect the estate of Simonds for the money lent. It was the duty of the conservators to protect the estate of the ward and save it from loss, and to obtain security for the debt was in every way proper. The fact that the assignment provided that if the proceeds of the policy exceeded the indebtedness the surplus was to be paid to the assignor did not make the assignment void; the insurance money was in fact less than the indebtedness.
Certain evidence of declarations made by Burgess, a deceased person, was objected to by the defendant. Burgess died in September, 1928. No question was made as to the good faith of the declarant; the declarations were made before the commencement of the suit. They were admissible if material to the issue and we think they were material: they were admissions by Burgess of an indebtedness of himself and the building trust to Simonds.
Burgess when he ceased to be a trustee of the building trust turned over the books of the trust including the ledger to Mr. Tyler, his successor. The items in the ledger relating to the Simonds transaction were brought to the attention of Tyler by Burgess. The ledger was admitted against the defendant’s exception. The notes given to Simonds were already in evidence. Many of these notes were signed “ William H. Burgess Trustee of the Lexington Building Trust.” The entries in the ledger were in the handwriting of Burgess or were made under his direction. They purported to show the indebtedness to Simonds of the building trust. This indebtedness was an issue in the case. The ledger kept by Burgess or under his direction was admissible to show its amount. See G. L. c. 233, § 78.
The decree was right; it is affirmed with costs.

Ordered accordingly.