Court Opinion

ID: 2664275
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-04-04 03:33:53.953529+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:17:51.215348
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
                            FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

                                              :
MARTHA A. AKERS,                              :
                                              :
               Plaintiff,                     :       Civil Action No.: 08-1525 (RMU)
                                              :
               v.                             :       Re Document Nos.:      79, 81, 83
                                              :
LIBERTY MUTUAL GROUP,                         :
                                              :
               Defendant.                     :

                                 MEMORANDUM OPINION

    DENYING THE PLAINTIFF’S AMENDED MOTION FOR RELIEF UPON RECONSIDERATION;
    GRANTING THE PLAINTIFF’S MOTION FOR SUBMISSION OF SUPPLEMENTAL EXHIBITS

                                      I. INTRODUCTION

       This matter is before the court on the plaintiff’s motion for relief upon reconsideration of

the court’s order extending the deadlines for discovery and dispositive motions in this case.

Because the plaintiff has not complied with her discovery obligations and has failed to appear for

her deposition on two separate occasions, the court declines to reconsider its decision to extend

the discovery and dispositive motion deadlines.

                     II. FACTUAL & PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

       The pro se plaintiff had a homeowner’s insurance policy with the defendant, Liberty

Mutual Group. 1 Notice of Removal, Ex. A. (“Compl.”) ¶ 4. After the plaintiff’s insured

property was damaged in a fire, the plaintiff filed an insurance claim which the defendant denied.

1
       The factual background of this case is detailed in an earlier memorandum opinion. See Mem. Op.
       (Sept. 28, 2010) at 2-3.
See id. On July 8, 2008, the plaintiff commenced this action in the Superior Court of the District

of Columbia, alleging breach of contract and demanding specific performance. See generally id.

       On March 24, 2009, after the defendant removed the case to this court, see generally

Notice of Removal, the court held an initial status hearing, see Minute Entry (Mar. 24, 2009).

During that hearing, the court set various dates to govern this litigation, including a discovery

deadline of September 25, 2009. Id.

       On October 8, 2009, the court held an interim status hearing, during which the defendant

informed the court that the plaintiff had not responded to the defendant’s discovery requests in a

timely fashion. Hr’g Tr. (Oct. 8, 2009) at 5-7. The defendant requested an extension of the

discovery period so as to give it time to analyze the documents that had just been produced and

to determine whether any additional discovery was needed based on those documents. Id. at 9.

The plaintiff explained that her limited resources prevented her from timely compliance and

“ask[ed] the Court to have some leniency.” Id. at 10. The plaintiff also joined in the defendant’s

oral motion for a continuance of the discovery deadline, explaining that she too had not had time

to review the documents that the defendant had produced during discovery. Id. at 10-11.

Accordingly, the court extended the discovery deadline to December 9, 2009 and ordered the

parties to file any dispositive motions by January 8, 2010. See Minute Entry (Oct. 8, 2009).

       As discovery was drawing to a close, the defendant filed a motion for sanctions against

the plaintiff, claiming that she failed to appear for her properly noticed deposition on December

8, 2009. See Def.’s Mot. for Sanctions ¶ 1. The plaintiff filed a notice claiming that the

defendant had not obtained leave of court to take her deposition as required under Federal Rule

                                                 2
of Civil Procedure 30. 2 See generally Pl.’s Notice of Taking Oral Deposition. These filings

were stricken from the record due to the parties’ failure to comply with the court’s requirement

that the parties obtain leave from the court prior to filing any discovery-related motions. See

Standing Order (Oct. 20, 2009) ¶ 9. The parties did not make any attempt to refile their

submissions.

       On January 11, 2010, the defendant filed a motion for summary judgment. See generally

Def.’s Mot. for Summ. J. The plaintiff opposed the motion, arguing that the defendant had relied

on evidence that was inadmissible and unreliable. See generally Pl.’s Opp’n. The court,

agreeing with the plaintiff that the defendant had primarily relied upon hearsay and

unauthenticated exhibits, denied the defendant’s motion without prejudice. See Mem. Op. (Sept.

28, 2010) at 1. The court subsequently ordered the parties to file a joint status report proposing a

schedule to govern future proceedings, including the filing of future dispositive motions. Minute

Order (Dec. 28, 2010).

       The parties, however, proved incapable of collaborating on such a joint effort, and,

instead of filing a joint status report, each party filed a separate status report. See Def.’s Mot. for

Leave to File a Separate Status Report & Proposed Schedule ¶ 2 (“Notwithstanding the Court’s

direction that a Status Report herein be joint, it is the Defendant’s experience that a joint

agreement by the parties on any matter is not possible, and . . . the parties do not jointly agree on

any matter, fact, event or occurrence presently before the Court.”); Pl.’s Separate Status Report

at 1 (“The parties conferred and were unable to reach an agreement regarding a joint submission

for proposed further proceedings”). In its status report, the defendant stated that although it filed

2
       For the sake of the pro se plaintiff, the court notes that a defendant is not usually required to seek
       leave prior to deposing a party. See FED. R. CIV. P. 30(a)(1). No special circumstances appear to
       exist here which would exempt the plaintiff from attending her properly noticed deposition. See
       id. 30(a)(2).

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a motion for sanctions after the plaintiff failed to appear for her deposition, it did not refile that

motion after it was stricken because of the looming deadline for dispositive motions. Def.’s Mot.

for Leave to File a Separate Status Report & Proposed Schedule, Ex. A (“Def.’s Status Report”)

at 2-3. Nevertheless, the defendant asserted that the “[a]uthentication issues” pointed out by the

court in denying its previous motion for summary judgment would have been addressed “had

[the plaintiff] not improperly refused to appear [for her December 9, 2009 deposition] without

leave to do so.” Id. at 3. In light of the plaintiff’s “conduct . . . during discovery in advance of

the dispositive motions deadline,” the defendant requested additional time in which to conduct

discovery and proposed future dispositive motions deadlines. Id. at 4.

        The plaintiff, in her separate status report, argued that the “restart of the schedule and

discovery should not be allowed and the matter should proceed to trial.” Pl.’s Separate Status

Report at 2. The plaintiff asserted that “[i]f Defendants had a legitimate claim, pursuant to the

scheduling Order, the Defendants had a time frame to address the court or motion the court with

a valid claim.” Id. at 1.

        On March 30, 2011, the court, after considering the parties’ separate status reports,

imposed a new discovery deadline of May 31, 2011 and a dispositive motions deadline of June

29, 2011. Order (Mar. 30, 2011). The court also noted that no further extensions of time would

be granted absent extraordinary circumstances. Id.

        The matter now returns before the court on the pro se plaintiff’s motion for relief upon

reconsideration 3 of the court’s March 30, 2011 order extending the discovery deadline in this

3
        The plaintiff styles her motion as a “Motion to Amend or Correct the March 30, 2011 Order,”
        which she amended on April 20, 2011. Because her motion asks the court to reconsider its March
        30, 2011 order, the court construes the plaintiff’s motion as a motion for relief upon
        reconsideration pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e).

                                                   4
case until May 31, 2011. See generally Pl.’s Am. Mot. for Relief Upon Reconsideration. 4 With

that motion ripe for consideration, the court turns to the parties’ arguments and the applicable

legal standards.

                                           III. ANALYSIS

                           A. Legal Standard for a Rule 59(e) Motion

       A motion to alter or amend a judgment pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e)

must be filed within twenty-eight days of the entry of the judgment at issue. FED. R. CIV. P.

59(e). While the court has considerable discretion in ruling on a Rule 59(e) motion, the

reconsideration and amendment of a previous order is an unusual measure. Firestone v.

Firestone, 76 F.3d 1205, 1208 (D.C. Cir. 1996) (per curiam); McDowell v. Calderon, 197 F.3d

1253, 1255 (9th Cir. 1999). Rule 59(e) motions “need not be granted unless the district court

finds that there is an intervening change of controlling law, the availability of new evidence, or

the need to correct a clear legal error or prevent manifest injustice.” Ciralsky v. Cent.

Intelligence Agency, 355 F.3d 661, 671 (D.C. Cir. 2004) (quoting Firestone, 76 F.3d at 1208).

Moreover, “[a] Rule 59(e) motion to reconsider is not simply an opportunity to reargue facts and

theories upon which a court has already ruled,” New York v. United States, 880 F. Supp. 37, 38

(D.D.C. 1995), or a vehicle for presenting theories or arguments that could have been advanced

earlier, Kattan v. Dist. of Columbia, 995 F.2d 274, 276 (D.C. Cir. 1993); W.C. & A.N. Miller

Cos. v. United States, 173 F.R.D. 1, 3 (D.D.C. 1997).

4
       The plaintiff subsequently filed a motion for submission of supplemental exhibits, all of which
       are documents relating to the plaintiff’s property at issue in this case. See generally Pl.’s Mot. for
       Submission of Supplemental Exhibits. It is not clear to the court what relevance these documents
       have to these proceedings. See generally id. Although the court has reviewed these supplemental
       filings and grants the plaintiff leave to supplement her motion, they do not impact the court’s
       decision to deny her request for relief upon reconsideration of its March 30, 2011 order for the
       reasons elaborated in this order.

                                                     5
        B. The Court Denies the Plaintiff’s Motion for Relief Upon Reconsideration

       The plaintiff argues that the defendant’s efforts to proceed with discovery violate her

“due process and adjudication rights” under the Fifth and Seventh Amendments and have only

exacerbated the depression and economic hardships she is suffering. See Pl.’s Am. Mot. for

Relief Upon Reconsideration at 2. The plaintiff asserts that she has complied with discovery and

that any “further delay is peccadillo.” Id.

       In response, the defendant argues that it only seeks to conduct the discovery that had not

been obtained due to the plaintiff’s discovery violations, namely her failure to appear for a

noticed deposition. Def.’s Opp’n at 1. The defendant also asserts that on April 20, 2011, the

plaintiff failed to appear for a properly noticed deposition without first moving to quash the

notice or for a protective order. Id. at 2; see also Def.’s Periodic Report ¶ 2. The defendant

contends that the plaintiff’s motion is “part of a broad and continuous strategy of obstructing and

preventing the Defendant from obtaining testimony from her under oath” and that she is

“purposefully disregard[ing] the Defendant’s rights, the court’s authority, and the applicable

rules of procedure.” Def.’s Opp’n at 2.

       Although the court recognizes the general principle that pro se litigants are provided with

some latitude in maneuvering through the trial process, Moore v. Agency for Int’l Dev., 994 F.2d

874, 876 (D.C. Cir. 1993), this by no means provides a pro se plaintiff with a “license . . . to

ignore the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.” Id. To be clear, a plaintiff is obligated to

prosecute her lawsuit in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the local rules

of this court. Clariett v. Rice, 2005 WL 3211694, at *4 (D.D.C. 2005) (“Even a pro se litigant . .

. must comply with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.”). Moreover, under the Federal Rules

of Civil Procedure and the Local Rules, the court has the discretion to dismiss a complaint with

                                                  6
prejudice when a plaintiff fails to prosecute the complaint, fails to follow the federal rules or fails

to follow court orders. FED. R. CIV. P. 41(b); LCvR 83.23.

        The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure also authorize the court to dismiss a matter when a

plaintiff has failed to participate in discovery. FED. R. CIV. P. 37(b) (providing that a court may

dismiss an action if a party fails to obey a court’s order compelling discovery); see also Weisberg

v. Webster, 749 F.2d 864, 869 (D.C. Cir. 1984) (affirming the district court’s dismissal of a case

in which the plaintiff refused to respond to the defendant’s discovery requests); Handy v. Shaw,

Bransford, Veilleux & Roth, 2006 WL 3791387, at *7-8 (D.D.C. Dec. 22, 2006) (dismissing the

case pursuant to Rule 37 due to the plaintiff’s noncompliance with the court’s orders requiring

that the plaintiff comply with her discovery obligations). This is because “[l]itigants who are

willful in halting the discovery process [not only] act in opposition to the authority of the court

and cause impermissible prejudice to their opponents,” but also “deprive other litigants of an

opportunity to use the courts as a serious dispute-settlement mechanism.” Weisberg, 749 F.2d at

872 (quoting G-K Props. v. Redevelopment Agency, 577 F.2d 645, 647 (9th Cir. 1978)).

       The plaintiff, who currently has four cases before this court, is no stranger to litigation or

the rules of this court. See Akers v. Liberty Mut. Group, Civ. No. 08-1525; Akers v. Beal Bank,

Civ. No. 09-724, Akers v. Winward Capital Corp., Civ. No. 10-1300, Akers v. Winward Capital

Corp., Civ. No. 11-674. Indeed, she has been warned on various occasions – both in this case as

well as in others – that she must familiarize herself with the rules of procedure and actively

prosecute her case or risk dismissal. See e.g., Hr’g Tr. (Oct. 8, 2009) at 13 (noting that the court

found the plaintiff to be “quite capable” and underscoring that “from this point forward” the

plaintiff was going to have to study the rules to ensure her compliance); Akers v. Beal Bank,

                                                  7
2011 WL 81438, at *3 (D.D.C. Jan. 11, 2011) (warning the plaintiff that her “failure to

participate in these proceedings will lead to the dismissal of her complaint”).

       After carefully considering the status of this case and the fact that the defendant had not

yet deposed the plaintiff, the court, in its discretion, granted the parties until May 31, 2011 to

conclude discovery. See Order (Mar. 31, 2011). The defendant now asserts that the plaintiff

failed to appear yet again for a second noticed deposition on April 20, 2011. See Def.’s Opp’n at

2. The court will not tolerate any more needless prolonging of this litigation on account of the

plaintiff’s failure to comply with her discovery obligations. The court denies the plaintiff’s

motion for reconsideration of the court’s March 30, 2011 order and amends that order to allow

for discovery until June 15, 2011 for the sole purpose of allowing the defendant to depose the

plaintiff. All other discovery shall conclude by May 31, 2011 and dispositive motions are due by

July 29, 2011.

       Additionally, the defendant is hereby granted leave to file a motion to compel the

plaintiff’s attendance at her deposition. Let there be no doubt that if the plaintiff fails to comply

with any of the court’s future orders regarding discovery, the court will promptly dismiss this

case under Rule 37. See Emile v. Santa, 895 F.2d 1468, 1468 (D.C. Cir. 1990) (affirming the

district court’s discretionary decision to dismiss a case for noncompliance with the court’s order

compelling discovery and not requiring the district court to “first resort to a less severe

sanction”).

                                                  8
                                      IV. CONCLUSION

       For the foregoing reasons, the court denies the plaintiff’s motion for relief upon

reconsideration of the court’s March 30, 2011 order. An Order consistent with this

Memorandum Opinion is separately and contemporaneously issued this 20th day of May, 2011.

                                                     RICARDO M. URBINA
                                                     United States District Judge

                                                9