Court Opinion

ID: 9394877
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-05-16 16:00:37.303123+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:19:03.984101
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                              MAY 16 2023
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                            U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                        No.   21-10242

              Plaintiff-Appellee,                D.C. Nos.
                                                 3:19-cr-00041-MMD-WGC-1
 v.                                              3:19-cr-00041-MMD-WGC

BENJAMIN D. MORROW,
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
              Defendant-Appellant.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                            for the District of Nevada
                  Miranda M. Du, Chief District Judge, Presiding

                       Argued and Submitted April 19, 2023
                            San Francisco, California

Before: SCHROEDER, CALLAHAN, and BUMATAY, Circuit Judges.

      Benjamin D. Morrow appeals the district court’s denial of his suppression

motion and the restitution order following his conditional guilty plea to two counts

of distribution of child pornography in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 2252A(a)(2) and

(b)(1).

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      Morrow first challenges the validity of the search warrant on the ground that

it was not supported by an oath or affirmation. It was executed under penalty of

perjury, however, and was therefore supported by the requisite commitment to

truth. See United States v. Bueno-Vargas, 383 F.3d 1104, 1109–12 (9th Cir. 2004).

      Morrow next argues the warrant was not supported by probable cause. He

contends that there was an insufficient basis to link Morrow to the incriminating

communications. The district court found that the warrant affidavit sufficiently

established that the three accounts used to communicate with law enforcement

about child exploitation were operated by the same person, thus establishing a

substantial basis for the probable cause determination.

      Morrow further contends there was insufficient justification for a nighttime

search. See Fed. R. Crim. P. 41. The evidence was inconsistent to the extent the

affidavit said that Morrow “may be currently sexually assaulting the juvenile” and

later included a message from Morrow that his niece was coming “this week

sometime not sure what day yet.” However, the district court held a hearing

pursuant to Franks v. Delaware, 438 U.S. 154, 171–72 (1978), and concluded

there was no omission of material information. Even if we were to disagree with

the district court on that question, there is no basis to disturb the district court’s

findings of good faith on the part of the government, United States v. Mendonsa,

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989 F.2d 366, 369–70 (9th Cir. 1993), or Morrow’s lack of prejudice. See United

States v. Stefanson, 648 F.2d 1231, 1235–36 (9th Cir. 1981).

      Finally, Morrow argues that the district court improperly ordered him to pay

restitution to victims of conduct that he admitted in his plea agreement, but whose

victimization was embodied in criminal charges the government dismissed.

Morrow’s plea agreement, however, explicitly stipulated that Morrow would pay

$3,000 per victim identified through the Child Victim Identification Program or

Child Recognition Identification System, and who requested restitution prior to

sentencing.

      AFFIRMED.

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