Court Opinion

ID: 16272
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2010-04-25 06:52:42+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:59:49.569089
License: Public Domain

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                       FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT

                           No. 98-40201
                         Summary Calendar

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                                             Plaintiff-Appellee,

versus

JEFFREY WAYNE GARDNER,

                                         Defendant-Appellant.

                       - - - - - - - - - -
          Appeal from the United States District Court
                for the Eastern District of Texas
                     USDC No. 4:97-CR-54-ALL
                       - - - - - - - - - -

                         November 16, 1998

Before DAVIS, DUHE’, and PARKER, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:*

     Jeffrey Wayne Gardner appeals his sentence following a

guilty plea conviction of theft concerning programs receiving

federal funds in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 666(a)(1)(A).     Gardner

argues that the district court erred by increasing his base

offense level (1) by two levels for his role as an organizer,

leader, manager or supervisor of criminal activity pursuant to

U.S.S.G. § 3B1.1(c); (2) by six levels because he “otherwise

used” a firearm pursuant to § 2B3.1(b)(2); and (3) by one level

     *
        Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined
that this opinion should not be published and is not precedent
except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR.
R. 47.5.4.
                          No. 98-40201
                               -2-

pursuant to § 2B3.1(b)(6) because the loss to the victim was more

than $10,000.

     We have reviewed the record including the presentence report

(PSR) and have determined that the district court did not clearly

err in its factual findings and did not misapply the Sentencing

Guidelines in sentencing Gardner.   See United States v. Manthei,

913 F.2d 1130, 1135-37 (5th Cir. 1990)(the “offense” for purposes

of § 3B1.1 includes criminal activity greater in scope than the

activity comprising the elements of the offense charged); United

States v. Fletcher, 121 F.3d 187, 198 (5th Cir. 1997)(the

"otherwise-used" enhancement includes a situation where a

defendant both points a weapon at a victim and also explicitly

threatens the victim); United States v. Cockerham, 919 F.2d 286,

289 (5th Cir. 1990)(loss under § 2B1.1 “includes the value of all

property taken, even that recovered or returned”).

     AFFIRMED.