Court Opinion

ID: 9931055
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-08 15:05:49.678919+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:16:17.171149
License: Public Domain

NOTICE: Summary decisions issued by the Appeals Court pursuant to M.A.C. Rule
23.0, as appearing in 97 Mass. App. Ct. 1017 (2020) (formerly known as rule 1:28,
as amended by 73 Mass. App. Ct. 1001 [2009]), are primarily directed to the parties
and, therefore, may not fully address the facts of the case or the panel's
decisional rationale. Moreover, such decisions are not circulated to the entire
court and, therefore, represent only the views of the panel that decided the case.
A summary decision pursuant to rule 23.0 or rule 1:28 issued after February 25,
2008, may be cited for its persuasive value but, because of the limitations noted
above, not as binding precedent. See Chace v. Curran, 71 Mass. App. Ct. 258, 260
n.4 (2008).

                       COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS

                                 APPEALS COURT

                                                  23-P-67

                                  COMMONWEALTH

                                       vs.

                                PEADAR MCILROY.

               MEMORANDUM AND ORDER PURSUANT TO RULE 23.0

       On July 16, 2018, the defendant was charged with operating

 a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating

 liquor.    A jury trial in the District Court commenced on May 1,

 2019.   However, after a police witness who testified in the

 Commonwealth's case-in-chief improperly opined that the

 defendant had operated his vehicle while under the influence of

 alcohol, see Commonwealth v. Canty, 466 Mass. 535, 543-544

 (2013), the judge declared a mistrial.           The defendant

 subsequently filed a motion to dismiss based on double jeopardy

 grounds.    The motion was denied, and the defendant sought relief

 pursuant to G. L. c. 211, § 3.         The matter was referred to this

 court by a single justice of the Supreme Judicial Court, and a

 different panel affirmed the denial of the motion to dismiss in

 an unpublished memorandum and order.           See Commonwealth v.
McIlroy, 100 Mass. App. Ct. 1126 (2022).   In reaching the

conclusion that the motion to dismiss had been properly denied,

the panel determined that, as a matter of law, the defendant

consented to the declaration of a mistrial.   Consequently, the

principle of double jeopardy did not bar a retrial.   See

Pellegrine v. Commonwealth, 446 Mass. 1004, 1005 (2006) ("A

defendant's consent to a mistrial removes any double jeopardy

bar to retrial" [quotation and citation omitted]).    The

defendant filed an application for further appellate review,

which was denied.   See Commonwealth v. McIlroy, 489 Mass. 1107

(2022).

    Thereafter, the case was rescheduled for trial.     This time,

the defendant elected to proceed without a jury and, following a

bench trial held on October 12, 2022, he was found guilty.     The

defendant now appeals from that judgment of conviction.

    The defendant's sole contention is that his motion to

dismiss based on double jeopardy grounds, which, as previously

noted, was filed following the declaration of a mistrial in his

first trial, should have been allowed.   As the Commonwealth

correctly argues in its brief, the doctrine of direct estoppel

bars review of this claim.   "[U]nder the doctrine of direct

estoppel, a defendant is barred from seeking review of claims

'actually litigated' and denied against him" (citation omitted).

Commonwealth v. Coutu, 88 Mass. App. Ct. 686, 699 (2015).      See

                                2
Commonwealth v. Arias, 488 Mass. 1004, 1006 (2021) ("In general,

a defendant is directly estopped from obtaining review of a

claim where the Commonwealth demonstrates that the issue was

'already litigated and determined . . . , that such

determination was essential to the . . . conviction, and that

the defendant had an opportunity to obtain review of the

determination'" [citation omitted]).

     Here, there is no question that the precise issue raised by

the defendant in this appeal was previously addressed by this

court in Commonwealth v. McIlroy, 100 Mass. App. Ct. 1126

(2022).    Accordingly, the doctrine of direct estoppel prohibits

further review.1

                                      Judgment affirmed.

                                      By the Court (Vuono, Rubin &
                                        Smyth, JJ.2),

                                      Assistant Clerk

Entered:   February 8, 2024.

1 Given our conclusion, we need not address the defendant's
argument, raised for the first time on appeal, that the Supreme
Judicial Court's recent decision in Commonwealth v. Edwards, 491
Mass. 1 (2022), requires a different result. In any event, we
note that Edwards did not announce a new rule of law and, more
fundamentally, the facts in Edwards are distinguishable from
those present here.
2 The panelists are listed in order of seniority.

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