Court Opinion

ID: 4528301
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-04-23 17:00:25.369314+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:26:42.101098
License: Public Domain

NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                               ________________

                                Nos. 18-2535 and 19-2564
                                  ________________

                  K.K.-M., individually and as Kinship Legal Guardian
                        of the minor children R.M. and A.W.,

                                                        Appellant

                                             v.

               NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION;
             NEW JERSEY OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW;
         DOMINIC ROTA; GLOUCESTER CITY BOARD OF EDUCATION,
                doing business as Gloucester City Public Schools
                              ________________

                     On Appeal from the United States District Court
                             for the District of New Jersey
                      (D. C. Civil Action No. No. 1-17-cv-11579)
                      District Judge: Honorable Robert B. Kugler
                                  ________________

                       Submitted under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
                                on September 11, 2019

                Before: MCKEE, ROTH and RENDELL, Circuit Judges

                              (Opinion filed April 23, 2020)

                                   ________________

                                       OPINION 
                                   ________________


 This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
ROTH, Circuit Judge:

       Plaintiff K.K-M. appeals the District Court’s grant of a motion to dismiss her suit

against the New Jersey Department of Education and other various governmental

defendants. She argues that the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act and other

federal statutes allow her two children, R.M. and A.W., to remain in a public school

district where they no longer live.1 In an Opinion dated June 25, 2018, the District Court

concluded that K.K-M. did not have standing to bring her case when the complaint was

initially filed and therefore held that it did not have subject-matter jurisdiction over the

case.2 The District Court therefore dismissed the case with prejudice.

       We agree with the reasons set forth by the District Court for determining that the

standing requirements are not satisfied, as they must be met “at the commencement of the

litigation” in order for the suit to proceed.3 However, because neither we nor the District

 1
    Plaintiff invoked jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331. We have jurisdiction to review
the District Court’s determination of a lack of jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and
we can review the District Court’s denial of an injunction pending appeal under Fed. R.
App. P. 8(a)(2)(A)(ii).
  2
    “We review the legal conclusions related to standing de novo.” Shalom Pentecostal
Church v. Acting Sec’y U.S. Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 783 F.3d 156, 161 (3d Cir. 2015).
  3
    Freedom from Religion Found., Inc. v. New Kensington Arnold Sch. Dist., 832 F.3d
469, 476 (3d Cir. 2016) (quoting Arizonans for Official English v. Arizona, 520 U.S. 43,
68 n.22 (1997)). Also pending before us are (1) an appeal from the District Court’s
denial of a stay pending appeal and (2) a motion to enjoin the defendants from
disenrolling R.M. and A.W. pending appeal. Since these both rely on the underlying
appeal of the District Court’s June 25, 2018, Opinion, the appeal and the motion are
dismissed and denied, respectively, as moot.
                                               2
Court can adjudicate the merits of the case, the District Court was required to dismiss the

case without prejudice and erred in not doing so.4

       K.K-M. has alleged factual developments since the commencement of the

litigation that are potentially relevant to a new standing inquiry. But as we lack the

ability to render a decision in this case due to our lack of jurisdiction, the proper forum to

raise these issues would be in a new complaint.5

       Accordingly, we will vacate the District Court’s dismissal order and remand with

instructions to dismiss the case without prejudice.

 4
   Kawal v. J. Crew Group, Inc., 918 F.3d 102, 119 (2019).
 5
   Plaintiff is advised that in addition to demonstrating standing, any future complaint
would also need to demonstrate that state administrative remedies were exhausted, or in
the alternative, that the “sparingly invoked” exception for “severe or irreparable harm”
applies to this case. D.M. v. New Jersey Dept. of Educ., 801 F.3d 205, 212 (3d Cir.
2015).
                                              3