Court Opinion

ID: 4418439
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-07-19 13:46:31.039104+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:23:30.570344
License: Public Domain

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Michael H. Lee, III,           :
                               :
                    Petitioner :
                               :
                 v.            : No. 1547 C.D. 2018
                               : Submitted: May 3, 2019
Unemployment Compensation      :
Board of Review,               :
                               :
                    Respondent :

BEFORE:      HONORABLE P. KEVIN BROBSON, Judge
             HONORABLE PATRICIA A. McCULLOUGH, Judge
             HONORABLE MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION
BY JUDGE WOJCIK                                                  FILED: July 19, 2019

             Michael H. Lee, III (Claimant) petitions pro se for review of the
October 22, 2018 order of the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review
(Board), dismissing Claimant’s appeal as untimely under Section 501(e) of the
Unemployment Compensation Law (Law).1 For the reasons that follow, we affirm.

      1
         Act of December 5, 1936, Second Ex. Sess., P.L. (1937) 2897, as amended, 43 P.S.
§821(e). Section 501(e) provides, in relevant part:

             Unless the claimant . . . files an appeal with the board, from the
             determination contained in any notice required to be furnished by
             the department . . . within fifteen calendar days after such notice
             . . . was mailed to his last known post office address, and applies
             for a hearing, such determination of the department, with respect to
             the particular facts set forth in such notice, shall be final and
             compensation shall be paid or denied in accordance therewith.
(Footnote continued on next page…)
              Claimant worked for TruGreen (Employer) for a period of time
ending on November 10, 2017. Certified Record (C.R.) Item No. 6. Claimant
applied for unemployment compensation (UC) benefits and began receiving
biweekly payments. Id.
              Employer submitted an Employer Questionnaire, stating that Claimant
voluntarily quit his employment while continuing work was available. C.R. Item
No. 4.     On June 25, 2018, the local UC service center issued a notice of
determination that Claimant was ineligible for benefits under Section 402(b) of the
Law,2 beginning with the week ending December 30, 2017. C.R. Item No. 6. The
UC service center also issued a notice of determination on June 26, 2018, which
explained that Claimant had received a non-fault overpayment of $2,422. Id. Both
notices clearly stated that the final dates to timely appeal were July 10, 2018, and
July 11, 2018, respectively. Id.
              Claimant filed a petition for appeal on August 20, 2018. C.R. Item
No. 7. A referee held a hearing on September 12, 2018, to determine whether
Claimant had filed valid and timely appeals under Section 501(e). C.R. Item No.
11. Claimant appeared pro se, and Employer did not attend.
              Claimant testified that he did not remember seeing the notices of
determination. He acknowledged that he did not have problems with his mail.

(continued…)

43 P.S. §821(e).

       2
        Under Section 402(b) of the Law, an employee is ineligible for compensation for any
week in which his unemployment is due to voluntarily leaving work without necessitous and
compelling cause. 43 P.S. §802(b).

                                            2
When asked if there was anything else he wanted to say, Claimant responded, “Not
that I know of.” Notes of Testimony (N.T.), 9/12/18, at 3-4.
              The referee issued a decision on September 14, 2018. She found that
the notices were mailed to Claimant’s last known post office address on June 25,
and June 26, 2018; the notices were not returned as undeliverable; the notices
informed Claimant that the last dates to file his appeals were July 10, and July 11,
2018; and Claimant was not misinformed or misled regarding his right of appeal.
Findings of Fact (F.F.) Nos. 1-4, 6. The referee found that Claimant did not file his
appeal on time, but waited until August 20, 2018. F.F. No. 5. Thus, the referee
dismissed Claimant’s appeal as untimely pursuant to Section 501(e) of the Law.
              Claimant appealed to the Board on September 24, 2018. C.R. Item
No. 13. In his appeal petition, Claimant wrote, “When I received the determination
. . . I [believed] that the benefits were coming to an end. I never realized that I was
being accused of wrongly collecting benefits. This is why I did not file the first
appeal in a timely manner.” Id. In its October 22, 2018 order, the Board affirmed
the referee’s decision, adopting and incorporating the referee’s findings of fact.
Additionally, the Board found that Claimant did not have issues or concerns related
to receiving his mail. The Board concluded that Claimant did not meet his burden
for allowance of an appeal nunc pro tunc. C.R. Item No. 14.
              On appeal to this Court,3 Claimant argues that the Board erred in
failing to find him eligible for benefits under Sections 401(c) of the Law (valid
applications) and 402(b) of the Law (voluntarily quit), 43 P.S. §§ 801(c), 802(b).

       3
         Our scope of review is limited to determining whether an error of law was committed,
whether the findings of fact are supported by substantial evidence, or whether constitutional
rights were violated. Miller v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 83 A.3d 484, 486
n.2 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2014).

                                             3
Claimant also argues that the Board erred in dismissing his appeal as untimely and
in denying him permission to appeal nunc pro tunc. We first address the Board’s
dismissal of Claimant’s appeal as untimely.
             Section 501(e) of the Law provides that an appeal from a UC
determination must be filed within 15 days after notice was delivered to a party
personally or was mailed to its last known post office address. 43 P.S. §821(e).
See also Section 101.82 of the Board’s regulations, 34 Pa. Code §101.82. If an
appeal from a UC service center’s determination is not filed within 15 days of its
mailing, the determination becomes final and the Board does not have jurisdiction
to consider the matter. Vereb v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review,
676 A.2d 1290, 1292 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1996).            The statutory appeal period is
mandatory and cannot be extended as a matter of grace or mere indulgence. Russo
v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 13 A.3d 1000, 1003 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2010); Blast Intermediate Unit No. 17 v. Unemployment Compensation
Board of Review, 645 A.2d 447, 449 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1994).
             Nevertheless, an appeal nunc pro tunc may be allowed where a delay
in filing is caused by extraordinary circumstances involving fraud, a breakdown in
the administrative process, or non-negligent circumstances related to an appellant,
his counsel, or a third party.       Russo, 13 A.3d at 1003 (citing Cook v.
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 671 A.2d 1130, 1131 (Pa. 1996)).
The appellant also must establish that: the appeal was filed within a short time
after learning of and having an opportunity to address the untimeliness; the time
period elapsed is of a very short duration; and the appellee is not prejudiced by the
delay. Id.

                                         4
             Claimant argues he is entitled to a nunc pro tunc appeal. In support,
he avers that the individuals he lived with “did not value or secure his mail,” and
did not ensure that he properly received it. Claimant’s brief at 11. He further
asserts that his delay in filing resulted from time he spent “actively acquiring
additional skills and education . . . .” Id. at 11. Finally, Claimant contends that
when he received the notices, he “did not interpret the language” to “understand
that the Determination was alleging that [he] was never entitled to benefits.” Id. at
7.
             However, Claimant does not challenge the Board’s factual findings
that the determinations were mailed, that the determinations were not returned as
undeliverable, or that he had issues or concerns with receiving his mail. F.F. Nos.
2, 3, 7. Therefore, these findings are binding on appeal. Munski v. Unemployment
Compensation Board of Review, 29 A.3d 133, 137 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2011)
(“Unchallenged findings are conclusive on appeal . . . .”).
             Additionally, the allegations in Claimant’s brief concerning his living
accommodations and his attempts to obtain skills and education are not supported
by record evidence and cannot be considered by this Court. Hollingsworth v.
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 189 A.3d 1109, 1113 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2018) (“mere allegations are no substitute for record evidence,” and,
therefore, “this Court cannot consider the averments of fact in [a party’s] brief
when determining whether the Board erred in issuing its findings”). See also B.K.
v. Department of Public Welfare, 36 A.3d 649, 657 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2012) (“An
appellate court is limited to considering only those facts that have been duly
certified in the record on appeal . . . . For purposes of appellate review, that which
is not part of the certified record does not exist.”).

                                            5
              Finally, as to Claimant’s argument that he misunderstood the notices,
it is well-established that misunderstanding a determination does not constitute the
requisite extraordinary circumstances for a nunc pro tunc appeal.                Finney v.
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 472 A.2d 753, 753-54 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 1984) (“Possible ignorance of the law does not excuse a party to an action
from his statutory obligation to file an appeal within the prescribed appeal
period.”).
              Accordingly, we conclude that Claimant did not establish non-
negligent circumstances that interfered with his receipt of the notices or his ability
to file a timely appeal. Further, Claimant did not establish the date on which he
received the notices, that he filed his appeal within a short time thereafter, or that
the appellee would not be prejudiced. Cook, 671 A.2d 1131; Russo, 13 A.3d 1003.
Consequently, the Board correctly determined that Claimant did not meet his
burden to prove entitlement to nunc pro tunc relief.
              For the foregoing reasons, the Board properly dismissed Claimant’s
appeal as untimely. Accordingly, we affirm.4

                                          MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge

       4
         Because the Board did not have jurisdiction to consider the merits of the UC service
center’s determination, “it naturally follows that this Court does not either.” Darroch v.
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 627 A.2d 1235, 1238 n.6 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1993).
As a result, we will not address the merits of Claimant’s remaining appellate claims.

                                             6
         IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Michael H. Lee, III,           :
                               :
                    Petitioner :
                               :
                 v.            : No. 1547 C.D. 2018
                               :
Unemployment Compensation      :
Board of Review,               :
                               :
                    Respondent :

                             ORDER

            AND NOW, this 19th day of July, 2019, the order of the
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, dated October 22, 2018, is
AFFIRMED.

                             _______________________________
                             MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge