Court Opinion

ID: 9541390
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-07 16:25:01.839333+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:02:49.081144
License: Public Domain

SULLIVAN, Judge,
dissenting.
The majority dismisses Linda's appeal upon the grounds that her pracecipe was filed late. Such dismissal prevents Linda from ever obtaining a decision on the merits. Although I agree with the majority that Linda's appeal should be dismissed, I believe that this is so because her praccipe was filed early. I believe that, under the proper circumstances, Linda should be able to present her appeal to this court; therefore, I respectfully dissent.
It is true that the record contains no direct mention of what occurred with respect to Michael's motion to correct error after the hearing thereon was rescheduled for June 20. I also agree with the majority that, if a hearing actually took place upon this date, then Michael's motion to correct error would have been deemed denied on July 20, thirty days after the date of the hearing.4 See Ind.Trial Rule 53.8(A).
Nonetheless, there is nothing in the record to suggest that a hearing was held on June 20, as there is no record entry in the CCS for June 20. In addition, on July 31, when Michael petitioned to "reassign the cause" for hearing, the only matter he had pending before the trial court was his motion to correct error, and his petition must have been addressed to this motion. Thus, when the trial court reassigned the cause for an October 17 hearing, it would have been referring to Michael's motion to correct error. Furthermore, the hearing on Linda's petition for citation and rule to show cause, which was originally scheduled to be heard along with Michael's motion to correct error on June 20, was not heard until October 17. This makes it unlikely that Michael's motion to correct error, but not Linda's petition was heard on June 20. All of this indicates that the trial court did not hear Michael's motion on June 20, but instead rescheduled the hearing for October 17.
The majority, conceding that the June 20 hearing may have been canceled, proceeds to state that Linda's appeal must be dismissed because we have no means of determining whether the hearing was rescheduled within forty-five days of the originally scheduled date. As noted above, my reading of the record is that on July 31, Michael's motion was rescheduled for a hearing on October 17. Thus, it would appear that the hearing was rescheduled within forty-five days of the original hearing date. Be that as it may, I can find no support for the majority's position that a hearing must be rescheduled within forty-five days of the original hearing date. Indeed, the case law seems to indicate quite the contrary.
In Kovacik v. Kovacik, 681 N.E.2d 509 (Ind.Ct.App.1994), the trial court entered a final order in connection with a dissolution decree on August 3, 1992. Wife filed a motion to correct error addressing this decree on August 19, 1992. The trial court then set a hearing date of either September 10 or 11, 1992. However, for reasons unknown, the hearing did not take place on either of these dates. Thereafter, on Feb*689ruary 1, 1993, almost five months later, Wife requested that the hearing be reset. Following a hearing on February 28, 1993, the trial court granted Wife's motion to correct error. Husband appealed, contending that because the trial court failed to hold a hearing within forty-five days of original filing, the motion should have been deemed denied. This court concluded that T.R. 58.3 requires only that the hearing be set within forty-five days, not that the hearing be held within that time. Id. at 511. The court further noted that TR. 53.3 "recognizes that circumstances such as schedule conflicts and court calendar congestion can often unavoidably delay hearings." Id. While the Kovacik court did not specifically address Wife's request to reset the hearing that was never held, it impliedly held that the rescheduling was permissible and that only the initial setting had to be completed within forty-five days. There was no indication that the hearing had to be rescheduled within forty-five days of the date it was originally set. In fact, under the facts of Kovacik, such a ruling would have been fatal to Wife's appeal, as she did not even request the hearing to be rescheduled until almost five months had passed since the originally scheduled hearing date.
Thus, Kovacik seems to allow for a seemingly indefinite period of time to elapse before a hearing on a motion to correct error need be rescheduled, so long as the original hearing was set within forty-five days after the motion was filed.5 Aithough I believe that the record here indicates that the hearing on Michael's motion to correct error was continued until October 17, I agree with the majority that there is no indication in the record that Michael's motion to correct error was actually heard on that date. However, if no hearing was held, Kovacik would stand for the proposition that Linda's praccipe is, if anything, early. For without a hearing on Michael's motion to correct error, there is no time limit within which the trial court must issue a ruling or have the motion be deemed denied.
In Breeze v. Breeze, 421 N.E.2d 647, 650 (Ind.1981), our Supreme Court held that a praecipe which is filed prior to a ruling on a second motion to correct error "will count as if filed from the date of the ruling on the second motion to correct error." Thus, had the trial court held a hearing and issued a ruling (or the motion was deemed denied) after the filing of Linda's praecipe, Linda's praecipe would count as if it were filed from that date. However, here it appears that there has yet to be a hearing, and therefore, there is yet no ruling from which Linda can appeal. Where, as here, a second motion to correct error is timely filed, "the trial court must make a ruling on this second motion to correct error. All time periods for the purpose of the appellate rules will then start from the time of the trial court's ruling on the second motion to correct error." 6 Id.
Therefore, though I agree with the majority that Linda's appeal must be dis*690missed, I believe it should be dismissed because her praccipe was filed early. If the trial court does eventually hold a hearing on Michael's motion to correct error, it would have thirty days to issue a ruling, or have the motion be deemed denied; if this happens, Linda's praecipe should then be treated as if it were filed on the date of the ruling or the date the motion was deemed denied.

. However, pursuant to the decision of our Supreme Court in Cavinder Elevators, Inc. v. Hall, 726 N.E.2d 285, 289 (Ind.2000), the belated grant of a motion to correct error is not necessarily a nullity but rather is voidable subject to a timely appeal under Ind.Trial Rule 59(F) and former Ind. Appellate Rule 4(A).

. Were I writing upon a clean slate, I might agree with the majority and set a definite time limit upon when a motion to correct error must be rescheduled. Such a rule would provide a bright line for parties and trial courts to follow. However, I cannot reconcile such a rule with the holding in Kovacik. Also, the holding of our Supreme Court in Cavinder Elevators Inc., supra, suggests an inclination to avoid bright-line rules such as that proposed by the majority. See 726 N.E.2d at 289.

. I find no significance as to whether the second motion to correct errors is filed by the same party who filed the first motion or is filed by the party who opposed the first motion but lost.