Court Opinion

ID: 9897813
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-11-14 19:25:26.304391+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:14:45.124881
License: Public Domain

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

              Present: Judges O’Brien, Ortiz and Senior Judge Haley
UNPUBLISHED

              TRAVIS ONEAL BOWDEN
                                                                               MEMORANDUM OPINION*
              v.     Record No. 2007-22-2                                           PER CURIAM
                                                                                 SEPTEMBER 5, 2023
              COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

                                FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF CHESTERFIELD COUNTY
                                            M. Duncan Minton, Jr., Judge

                              (Brett P. Blobaum, Senior Appellate Attorney; Virginia Indigent
                              Defense Commission, on briefs), for appellant.

                              (Jason S. Miyares, Attorney General; Craig W. Stallard, Senior
                              Assistant Attorney General, on brief), for appellee.

                     Upon his guilty pleas, the trial court convicted Travis Oneal Bowden of possession of

              cocaine, possession of heroin, possession of ammunition by a convicted felon, and two counts of

              distributing a controlled substance. The court sentenced Bowden to 35 years of incarceration with

              22 years suspended. Bowden contends that the court abused its discretion by sentencing him to an

              active term of incarceration of 13 years. After examining the briefs and record in this case, the

              panel unanimously holds that oral argument is unnecessary because “the appeal is wholly without

              merit.” Code § 17.1-403(ii)(a); Rule 5A:27(a).

                                                        BACKGROUND

                     “In accordance with familiar principles of appellate review, the facts will be stated in the

              light most favorable to the Commonwealth, the prevailing party at trial.” Gerald v. Commonwealth,

              295 Va. 469, 472 (2018) (quoting Scott v. Commonwealth, 292 Va. 380, 381 (2016)). At the plea

                     *
                         This opinion is not designated for publication. See Code § 17.1-413(A).
hearing, the court conducted a thorough plea colloquy. Bowden confirmed that he knew the

maximum sentences for each charge. He also stated that he understood that the court was not bound

by the sentencing guidelines, and he confirmed that he was entering his guilty pleas freely and

voluntarily. Bowden stated that he understood that there was no agreed sentence and that the court

could “impose any sentence allowed by law.”

       The Commonwealth proffered that in July 2019, Chesterfield County Police Detective

Necolettos spoke with Lynda Stewart after she overdosed and was recovering in the hospital. Based

on that conversation, Detective Necolettos began investigating Bowden. Stewart agreed to work as

an informant, and, at the detective’s direction, she arranged two controlled drug purchases with

Bowden in August 2019. Both exchanges were audiotaped and observed by detectives from a

distance. Each time, Stewart returned to the police with drugs she had bought from Bowden.

Testing confirmed that the substances purchased were heroin and cocaine.

       The police obtained a search warrant for Bowden’s residence. Chesterfield Detective

Hopkins found Bowden’s clothing and personal items in the residence, as well as ammunition

cartridges, packaging materials, cutting agents, and scales. The police arrested Bowden as he left

his place of employment on the same day that they conducted the search of his residence. In

Bowden’s car, the police found a folded dollar bill containing heroin and a digital scale with

residue. Bowden was carrying a bag containing cocaine. After his arrest, in a recorded statement,

Bowden admitted that he used, possessed, and sold narcotics.

       After the proffer, Bowden agreed that the stated facts were accurate and provided sufficient

evidence to convict him. The court accepted Bowden’s guilty pleas and ordered a presentence

report. At sentencing, the court reviewed the sentencing guidelines, which recommended a range of

active incarceration of 12 years and 11 months to 21 years and 3 months. Neil Vaughan testified at

the hearing that Bowden helped him and Vaughan’s mother care for Vaughan’s 96-year-old father,

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and Vaughn described how dedicated and helpful Bowden was. Bowden’s mother also testified at

the hearing. She acknowledged Bowden’s substance abuse problems and explained that upon his

release he would live with her and would either work for her or his brother. Finally, Bowden

presented evidence that while incarcerated, he enrolled in and completed a “Therapeutic

Community” program and a “Cognitive Thinking” program.

        In pronouncing sentence, the court noted Bowden’s criminal record, the seriousness of the

offenses, the fact that “these types of drugs are killing people at a terrible rate,” and that Bowden

“saw firsthand it almost killed the young lady [he was] with.” Although the court “appreciate[d] the

things” Bowden was doing to improve himself, it could not “ignore that this is [his] second go

around with distribution.” The court sentenced Bowden to an active term of incarceration of 13

years, noting that that was “towards the low end of the guidelines because [Bowden was] making

steps at this point.” Bowden appeals.

                                              ANALYSIS

        On appeal, Bowden argues that the trial court abused its discretion by sentencing him to

an active term of incarceration of 13 years. He concludes that “[i]n refusing to issue a sentence

outside of the advisory range the trial court abused its discretion in weighing Mr. Bowden’s

mitigating evidence.”

        “We review the trial court’s sentence for abuse of discretion.” Scott v. Commonwealth,

58 Va. App. 35, 46 (2011). “[W]hen a statute prescribes a maximum imprisonment penalty and

the sentence does not exceed that maximum, the sentence will not be overturned as being an

abuse of discretion.” Minh Duy Du v. Commonwealth, 292 Va. 555, 564 (2016) (quoting Alston

v. Commonwealth, 274 Va. 759, 771-72 (2007)).

        “The sentencing guidelines are advisory only and do not require trial courts to impose

specific sentences.” Runyon v. Commonwealth, 29 Va. App. 573, 577-78 (1999). “[T]he

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recommended sentencing ranges contained in these discretionary guidelines are not binding on

the trial judge but, rather, are mere tools to be used by the judge in fixing an appropriate sentence

within the limitations established by the statute governing punishment for the particular crime.”

Luttrell v. Commonwealth, 42 Va. App. 461, 465 (2004). A judge’s failure to follow the

sentencing guidelines “shall not be reviewable on appeal or the basis of any other

post-conviction relief.” Code § 19.2-298.01(F). Accordingly, we may only consider whether the

sentence fell outside the permissible statutory range. See Smith v. Commonwealth, 26 Va. App.

620, 626 (1998); Valentine v. Commonwealth, 18 Va. App. 334, 339 (1994). Further, it was

within the court’s purview to weigh any of Bowden’s mitigating factors. Keselica v.

Commonwealth, 34 Va. App. 31, 36 (2000). The record affirmatively demonstrates that the court

considered all of the evidence before it, including Bowden’s mitigation evidence.

       The sentences the trial court imposed were within the ranges set by the legislature. See

Code §§ 18.2-10, 18.2-248, 18.2-250, and 18.2-308.2(A). Accordingly, the trial court did not

abuse its discretion, and our task on appeal is complete. See Thomason v. Commonwealth, 69

Va. App. 89, 99 (2018).

                                          CONCLUSION

       For the foregoing reasons, the trial court’s decision is affirmed.

                                                                                           Affirmed.

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