Court Opinion

ID: 1072402
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 19:49:39.627386+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:07:24.789187
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                             AT NASHVILLE
                     ASSIGNED ON BRIEFS DECEMBER 5, 2000

        JERRY THOMAS RICKS v. TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF
                        CORRECTION

                Direct Appeal from the Chancery Court for Davidson County
                No. 95-3489-III; The Honorable Ellen Hobbs Lyle, Chancellor

                    No. M1999-01916-COA-R3-CV - Filed March 20, 2001

This case arises from the commutation of the Appellant’s prison sentence from eighty-five years
imprisonment to forty years. The Appellant’s commutation was revoked after he was arrested on
misdemeanor charges. The revocation occurred following the expiration of the term of the
commuted sentence but within the term of the original sentence. The Appellant filed a petition for
declaratory judgment with the Chancery Court of Davidson County, claiming that the Appellee failed
to correctly calculate his sentence expiration date. The trial court dismissed the Appellee’s petition.

       The Appellant appeals from the dismissal of his petition for declaratory judgment by the
Chancery Court of Davidson County. For the reasons stated herein, we affirm the trial court’s
decision.

    Tenn. R. App. P. 3; Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Chancery Court Affirmed

ALAN E. HIGHERS, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which DAVID R. FARMER , J., and HOLLY
KIRBY LILLARD, J., joined.

John W. Heacock, for Appellant

Paul G. Summers, Attorney General & Reporter, Michael E. Moore, Solicitor General, Kimberly J.
Dean, Deputy Attorney General, for Appellee

                                             OPINION

                                 I. Facts and Procedural History

        On January 9, 1967, the Appellant, Jerry Thomas Ricks (“Mr. Ricks”), was sentenced to
eighty-five years imprisonment for first degree murder and two counts of robbery with a deadly
weapon. Mr. Ricks’ presumed sentence expiration date was set for January 25, 2009. In 1982,
Governor Lamar Alexander commuted Mr. Ricks’ sentence to forty years. The commutation was
conditional upon Mr. Ricks being “under parole and/or commutation supervision by the Board of
Paroles until the expiration of his original sentence.” Mr. Ricks was released under the commutation
on March 1, 1983.

       On February 5, 1992, Mr. Ricks was arrested for the commission of several misdemeanor
offenses. These charges were dismissed on February 28, 1992. The Board of Paroles revoked Mr.
Ricks’ parole and recommended that Governor Ned McWherter revoke the commutation of Mr.
Ricks’ sentence, recommit Mr. Ricks, and reinstate the original eighty-five year sentence. Mr.
Ricks’ commutation was revoked on April 8, 1992, and he was reincarcerated. Mr. Ricks filed a
request for habeas corpus relief which was dismissed by the trial court and affirmed on appeal.

        On November 3, 1995, Mr. Ricks filed a petition for declaratory judgment against the
Appellee, Tennessee Department of Correction (“TDOC”), claiming that TDOC failed to correctly
calculate his sentence expiration date. TDOC filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim
upon which relief can be granted. The motion to dismiss was supported by an affidavit of the
manager of TDOC Information Services. The Chancery Court of Davidson County dismissed Mr.
Ricks’ petition. Mr. Ricks appealed, and this Court reversed and remanded, holding that the affidavit
filed by TDOC was conclusory and insufficient to demonstrate that Mr. Ricks’ sentence was
correctly calculated.

         Mr. Ricks was released on parole in the summer of 1997. On February 13, 1998, TDOC filed
a motion for summary judgment supported by the parties’ stipulation of facts. The parties stipulated
that a forty year sentence beginning in 1967 would expire after approximately twenty-one years, or
in 1988. On May 11, 1998, the trial court entered an order finding that (1) Mr. Ricks was not entitled
to receive sentence credit under both sections 41-334 and 41-21-212 of the Tennessee Code;1 and
(2) there were genuine issues of material fact as to whether Mr. Ricks’ sentence expired prior to 1992
when his parole was revoked.

        Trial was held on May 28, 1998. The trial court entered an order on August 4, 1998, granting
Mr. Ricks’ petition for declaratory judgment on the ground that Mr. Ricks’ sentence had already
expired at the time of the revocation. TDOC filed a motion to alter or amend judgment on August
13, 1998. On October 28, 1998, the trial court granted TDOC’s motion and dismissed Mr. Rick’s
petition with prejudice on the ground that the Governor revoked Mr. Ricks’ commutation and
reinstated the eighty-five year sentence originally imposed. Mr. Ricks filed a motion to alter or
amend judgment on November 30, 1998. The trial court denied Mr. Ricks’ motion. This appeal
followed.

       1
           This issue is no t before this C ourt on ap peal.

                                                               -2-
                                     II. Standard of Review

         The standard of review for a non-jury case is de novo upon the record. See Wright v. City
of Knoxville, 898 S.W.2d 177, 181 (Tenn. 1995). There is a presumption of correctness as to the
trial court's factual findings, unless the preponderance of the evidence is otherwise. See TENN. R.
APP . P. RULE 13(d). For issues of law, the standard of review is de novo, with no presumption of
correctness. See Ridings v. Ralph M. Parsons Co., 914 S.W.2d 79, 80 (Tenn. 1996).

                                      III. Law and Analysis

        The sole issue presented for our review is whether the Governor has the power to revoke a
conditional commutation within the term of the commuted sentence only, or whether the
commutation may be revoked within the term of the original sentence. This case is controlled by the
recent statement of our supreme court in LeMay v. State of Tennessee, Department of Correction,
29 S.W.3d 483 (Tenn. 2000). In LeMay, James A. LeMay (“Mr. LeMay”) was convicted of first
degree murder and received a ninety-nine year prison sentence in 1969. See id. at 484. The
Governor commuted Mr. LeMay’s ninety-nine year prison sentence to thirty years. See id. While
on work release, Mr. LeMay transferred $20,000.00 from the state treasury to his personal bank
account. See id. In May, 1979, Mr. LeMay escaped from custody while on work release. See id.
Mr. LeMay was returned to custody and sentenced to five concurrent three year sentences for
obtaining property under false pretenses and to a one year sentence for escape. See id. Mr. LeMay’s
thirty year commuted sentence and the consecutive three year sentence expired on January 16, 1986.
See id. at 485. The Governor revoked the commutation on December 15, 1997. See id. The original
sentence of ninety-nine years would not expire until May 22, 2014. See id. Accordingly, the
supreme court was presented with the precise question before this Court: whether the Governor may
revoke a conditional commutation within the term of the original sentence but subsequent to the
expiration of the commuted sentence. The supreme court concluded that “the Governor has the
authority to revoke a conditional commutation during the term of the original sentence. We therefore
hold that the Governor’s revocation of the prisoner’s commutation after the expiration of the
commutated sentence but before the expiration of the original sentence was valid.” Id. at 484.

        In the case at bar, Mr. Ricks’ forty year commuted sentence expired in 1988. Governor
McWherter’s revocation of commutation was issued on April 8, 1992. The term of the original
eighty-five year sentence would not expire until January 25, 2009. Thus, the Governor’s revocation
occurred following the expiration of the commuted sentence but within the term of the original
sentence. Under the supreme court’s holding in LeMay, we find that the Governor had the power
to revoke Mr. Ricks’ commutation following the expiration of the commuted sentence but within
the term of the original sentence. Accordingly, the trial court properly dismissed Mr. Ricks’ petition
for declaratory judgment.

                                                 -3-
                                          IV. Conclusion

       For the foregoing reasons, the decision of the trial court is affirmed. Costs of this appeal are
taxed against the Appellant, Jerry Thomas Ricks, for which execution may issue if necessary.

                                                       ___________________________________
                                                       ALAN E. HIGHERS, JUDGE

                                                 -4-