Court Opinion

ID: 4571249
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-09-30 16:11:46.331824+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:30:09.251427
License: Public Domain

J-S34021-20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

    COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA               :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                               :        PENNSYLVANIA
                                               :
                v.                             :
                                               :
                                               :
    ASHRAF HUSSAN FAGAIR                       :
                                               :
                       Appellant               :   No. 2089 MDA 2019

       Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered December 9, 2019
      In the Court of Common Pleas of Centre County Criminal Division at
                        No(s): CP-14-CR-0001194-2019

BEFORE: PANELLA, P.J., BENDER, P.J.E., and FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.

MEMORANDUM BY BENDER, P.J.E.:                      FILED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020

        Ashraf Hussan Fagair (“Appellant”) appeals from the judgment of

sentence of 24 months’ probation, imposed after his guilty plea to one count

each of simple assault1 and criminal mischief.2 Counsel seeks permission to

withdraw from further representation pursuant to Anders v. California, 386
A.2d 738 (Pa. 1967).         Upon review, we find that counsel’s Anders brief

satisfies the requirements set forth in Commonwealth v. Santiago, 98 A.2d
349 (Pa. 2009), and that there are no non-frivolous claims that Appellant can

raise herein. Accordingly, we grant counsel’s petition to withdraw and affirm

the judgment of sentence.

____________________________________________

1   18 Pa.C.S. § 2701(a)(1).

2   18 Pa.C.S. § 3304(a)(2).
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       The trial court provided the following summary of the procedural history

in this matter:

             This case involves [Appellant’s] appeal from a judgment of
       sentence entered on December 9, 2019[,] following his plea of
       guilty to one count of simple assault, a second degree
       misdemeanor, and one count of criminal mischief, a summary
       offense.[3] The [c]ourt sentenced in accordance with a negotiated
       plea agreement; [Appellant] was sentenced to twenty-four
       months of probation and ordered to pay restitution for the simple
       assault conviction, and an order of separate penalty was entered
       for the criminal mischief conviction. The remaining charge to the
       criminal information, summary harassment, was nol prossed.

TCO at 1.

       Appellant filed a timely, pro se appeal on December 29, 2019, followed

by a timely, court-ordered Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) concise statement of errors

complained of on appeal. He now presents the following issue for our review,

via counsel’s Anders brief:          “Was [Appellant’s] guilty plea valid and not

coerced by the prosecutor’s threats?” Anders Brief at 4.

____________________________________________

3To be valid, a guilty plea must be knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently
entered. Commonwealth v. Pollard, 832 A.2d 517, 522 (Pa. Super. 2003).
The trial court noted:

       [Appellant’s] answers to the questions posed to him during his on-
       record colloquy confirmed, inter alia, that he understood the
       charges to which he was pleading guilty, that a factual basis for
       his plea to the charges existed, that he understood a guilty plea
       must be entered voluntarily, and that he was entering his plea
       voluntarily. [Appellant] did not state that he had been unduly
       pressured or coerced into entering a plea as opposed to standing
       trial on the charges.

Trial Court Opinion (“TCO”), 1/21/20, at 2.

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     “When faced with a purported Anders brief, this Court may not review

the merits of the underlying issues without first passing on the request to

withdraw.” Commonwealth v. Rojas, 874 A.2d 638, 639 (Pa. Super. 2005)

(quoting Commonwealth v. Smith, 700 A.2d 1301, 1303 (Pa. Super.

1997)).

     Court-appointed counsel who seeks to withdraw from representing
     an appellant on direct appeal on the basis that the appeal is
     frivolous must:

          (1) petition the court for leave to withdraw stating that,
          after making a conscientious examination of the record,
          counsel has determined that the appeal would be frivolous;
          (2) file a brief referring to anything that arguably might
          support the appeal but which does not resemble a “no-
          merit” letter to amicus curiae brief; and (3) furnish a copy
          of the brief to the [appellant] and advise the [appellant] of
          his or her right to retain new counsel or raise any additional
          points that he or she deems worthy of the court’s attention.

     Commonwealth v. Miller, 715 A.2d 1203 (Pa. Super. 1998)
     (citation omitted).

Rojas, 874 A.2d at 639.        Appellant’s counsel has complied with these

requirements.    Counsel petitioned for leave to withdraw, and filed a brief

satisfying the requirements of Anders, as discussed, infra.        Counsel also

provided a copy of the brief to Appellant, and submitted proof that he advised

Appellant of his right to retain new counsel, proceed pro se, and/or to raise

new points not addressed in the Anders brief.

     Our Supreme Court has held, in addition, that counsel must explain the

reasons underlying his assessment of Appellant’s case and his conclusion that

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the claims are frivolous.     Thus, counsel’s Anders brief must satisfy the

following criteria before we may consider the merits of the underlying appeal:

      [W]e hold that in the Anders brief that accompanies court-
      appointed counsel’s petition to withdraw, counsel must: (1)
      provide a summary of the procedural history and facts, with
      citations to the record; (2) refer to anything in the record that
      counsel believes arguably supports the appeal; (3) set forth
      counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and (4) state
      counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is frivolous.
      Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record, controlling
      case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the conclusion
      that the appeal is frivolous.

Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361.

      Upon review of the Anders brief submitted by Appellant’s counsel, we

find it complies with the technical requirements of Santiago.            Counsel’s

Anders brief (1) provides a summary of the procedural history and facts of

this case; (2) directs our attention, when applicable, to the portions of the

record that ostensibly supports Appellant’s claim of error; (3) concludes that

Appellant’s claim is frivolous; and (4) does so by citation to the record and

appropriate/applicable legal authorities.        Thus, we now examine whether

Appellant’s claim is, indeed, frivolous. We also must “conduct a simple review

of the record to ascertain if there appear on its face to be arguably meritorious

issues   that   counsel,    intentionally   or    not,   missed   or   misstated.”

Commonwealth v. Dempster, 187 A.3d 266, 272 (Pa. Super. 2018) (en

banc).

      Instantly, Appellant challenges the validity of his guilty plea.

      Settled Pennsylvania law makes clear that by entering a guilty
      plea, the defendant waives his right to challenge on direct appeal

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     all non[-]jurisdictional defects except the legality of the sentence
     and the validity of the plea. Commonwealth v. Pantalion, 957
A.2d 1267, 1271 (Pa. Super. 2008)…. A defendant wishing to
     challenge the voluntariness of a guilty plea on direct appeal must
     either object during the plea colloquy or file a motion to withdraw
     the plea within ten days of sentencing. Pa.R.Crim.P. 720(A)(1),
     (B)(1)(a)(i). Failure to employ either measure results in waiver.
     Commonwealth v. Tareila, 895 A.2d 1266, 1270 n.3 (Pa. Super.
     2006). Historically, Pennsylvania courts adhere to this waiver
     principle because “[i]t is for the court which accepted the plea to
     consider and correct, in the first instance, any error which may
     have been committed.” Commonwealth v. Roberts, … 352 A.2d
140, 141 ([Pa. Super.] 1975) (holding that [a] common and
     previously condoned mistake of attacking guilty plea on direct
     appeal without first filing petition to withdraw plea with trial court
     is procedural error resulting in waiver; stating, “[t]he swift and
     orderly administration of criminal justice requires that lower
     courts be given the opportunity to rectify their errors before they
     are considered on appeal[, and … s]trict adherence to this
     procedure could, indeed, preclude an otherwise costly time
     consuming, and unnecessary appeal to this court”).

     Likewise:

        Normally, issues not preserved in the trial court may not be
        pursued before this Court. Pa.R.A.P. 302(a). For example,
        a request to withdraw a guilty plea on the grounds that it
        was involuntary is one of the claims that must be raised by
        motion in the trial court in order to be reviewed on direct
        appeal.    Similarly, challenges to a court’s sentencing
        discretion must be raised during sentencing or in a post-
        sentence motion in order for this Court to consider granting
        allowance of appeal. Moreover, for any claim that was
        required to be preserved, this Court cannot review a legal
        theory in support of that claim unless that particular legal
        theory was presented to the trial court. Thus, even if an
        appellant did seek to withdraw pleas or to attack the
        discretionary aspects of sentencing in the trial court, the
        appellant cannot support those claims in this Court by
        advancing legal arguments different than the ones that were
        made when the claims were preserved.

     Commonwealth v. Rush, A.2d 945, 949 (Pa. Super. 2008),
     appeal denied, … 972 A.2d 521 ([Pa.] 2209).

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Commonwealth v. Lincoln, 72 A.3d 606, 610 (Pa. Super. 2013).

      After careful review of the record, we have determined that Appellant

failed to preserve his challenge to the validity of his guilty plea by either

objecting during the plea colloquy or by filing a post-sentence motion to

withdraw his plea.     See id.    Accordingly, we are constrained to deem

Appellant’s claim waived.   See Pa.R.A.P. 302(a) (“Issues not raised in the

lower court are waived and cannot be raised for the first time on appeal.”);

Tareila, 895 A.2d at 1270 n.3 (“Where an appellant fails to challenge his

guilty plea in the trial court, he may not do so on appeal.”).

      Our review of the record reveals no other potential, non-frivolous issues

that Appellant could raise on appeal. As such, we agree with counsel that a

direct appeal in this case is wholly frivolous. Accordingly, we grant counsel’s

motion to withdraw, and we affirm the judgment of sentence.

      Judgment of sentence affirmed. Petition to withdraw granted.

      President Judge Panella joins this memorandum.

      President Judge Emeritus Ford Elliott concurs in the result.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 09/30/2020

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