Court Opinion

ID: 4642997
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-12-15 16:01:54.618931+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:00:36.998260
License: Public Domain

NOTICE: NOT FOR OFFICIAL PUBLICATION.
  UNDER ARIZONA RULE OF THE SUPREME COURT 111(c), THIS DECISION IS NOT PRECEDENTIAL
                  AND MAY BE CITED ONLY AS AUTHORIZED BY RULE.

                                     IN THE
              ARIZONA COURT OF APPEALS
                                 DIVISION ONE

                       BRANDI C., JESSE G., Appelants,

                                         v.

            DEPARTMENT OF CHILD SAFETY, J.G., Appellees.

                              No. 1 CA-JV 20-0239
                                FILED 12-15-2020

            Appeal from the Superior Court in Maricopa County
                              No. JD36171
                   The Honorable Robert Brooks, Judge

                                   AFFIRMED

                                    COUNSEL

John L. Popilek, P.C., Scottsdale
By John L. Popilek
Counsel for Appellant Brandi C.

Robert D. Rosanelli, Phoenix
Counsel for Appellant Jesse G.

Arizona Attorney General’s Office, Tucson
By Autumn L. Spritzer
Counsel for Appellee Department of Child Safety
                       BRANDI C., JESSE G. v. DCS
                          Decision of the Court

                      MEMORANDUM DECISION

Judge Paul J. McMurdie delivered the Court’s decision, in which Presiding
Judge James B. Morse Jr. and Judge Maria Elena Cruz joined.

M c M U R D I E, Judge:

¶1             Appellants Brandi C. (“Mother”) and Jesse G. (“Father”)
appeal the juvenile court’s order terminating their parental rights to their
child, John.1 For the following reasons, we affirm.

             FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

¶2            After officers arrested Mother and Father at a traffic stop in
Prescott Valley, the Department of Child Safety (“DCS”) became involved
with the child. During the traffic stop, the officers discovered Mother and
Father each had pending arrest warrants. John was in the vehicle. The
officers searched the car and found marijuana, a marijuana pipe, a used
methamphetamine pipe, and a bindle bag. John was initially placed into
DCS’s temporary physical custody and then placed with his maternal aunt,
where he has remained since his removal.

¶3            Father was released shortly after his arrest. Following her
arrest, Mother served a prison sentence for prior probation violations.
Mother was released in February 2019 but incarcerated again in December
2019 for violating the terms of the probation sentence she received due to
the June 2018 traffic stop. She was released from this sentence in March
2020.

¶4            In August 2018, DCS filed a dependency petition alleging
Mother and Father each were unable to provide proper and effective
parental care and control because both parents had issues with substance
abuse and had allegedly abused or neglected John as evidenced by an
unexplained bruise on his forehead. Also, DCS alleged Mother was unable
to parent because she was incarcerated. Mother did not contest the petition,
and John was adjudicated dependent regarding Mother in September 2018.

1     To protect the child’s identity, we refer to him by a pseudonym.

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                       BRANDI C., JESSE G. v. DCS
                          Decision of the Court

John was adjudicated dependent regarding Father in November 2018 after
a contested dependency hearing.

¶5             While in prison, Mother attended mandatory drug counseling
starting in October 2018. When she was released, DCS referred her for a
substance-abuse assessment, in addition to testing and treatment. She
participated inconsistently, tested positive for several illegal drugs,
including methamphetamine, on multiple occasions, and did not complete
the substance-abuse program. Mother claimed she was not intentionally
using methamphetamine during this period and that she suspected her
drug tests had come back positive because of laced marijuana. She admitted
she had regularly used marijuana and methamphetamine for around ten
years, starting at age thirteen or fourteen.

¶6            DCS referred Father to a substance-abuse program five times,
but he failed to complete the program. Father participated inconsistently
with drug testing and tested positive for methamphetamine and marijuana
several times. DCS also provided Father with a psychological evaluation.
As part of the assessment, the evaluator recommended DCS provide Father
with counseling from a therapist with master’s level training to address his
substance-abuse history. However, DCS never provided Father with this
service.

¶7            DCS also referred Mother and Father to a parent aide who
supervised visits with John. Mother and Father attended visitation
sporadically and eventually stopped participating entirely. After Mother
and Father stopped participating, DCS stopped providing the service.
Shortly before the termination hearing, Father reengaged with the DCS case
manager, and another parent aide was referred.

¶8             In February 2020, DCS moved to terminate the parent-child
relationship between Mother and Father and John on the grounds of
chronic substance abuse and time in care under A.R.S. sections 8-533(B)(3)
and (B)(8)(c). After a contested termination hearing, the juvenile court
granted DCS’s motion and terminated Mother’s and Father’s parental
rights. The court found that Mother and Father each (1) had a history of
substance abuse, (2) were unable to discharge their parental
responsibilities, and (3) were chronic abusers of illegal substances, which
made it reasonable to believe their substance abuse would continue
indefinitely. The court further found DCS had made reasonable efforts to
reunify the family.

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                       BRANDI C., JESSE G. v. DCS
                          Decision of the Court

¶9           Mother and Father each appealed, and we have jurisdiction
under A.R.S. §§ 8-235(A) and 12-120.21(A)(1).

                               DISCUSSION

¶10           We view the evidence in the light most favorable to affirming
the juvenile court’s order and will affirm a termination order supported by
reasonable evidence. Christina G. v. ADES, 227 Ariz. 231, 234, ¶ 13 (App.
2011); Jordan C. v. ADES, 223 Ariz. 86, 93, ¶ 18 (App. 2009).

¶11           The juvenile court found two separate grounds for
termination. We will affirm the court’s order if we conclude the evidence
was sufficient to support either basis for termination. Michael J. v. ADES,
196 Ariz. 246, 251, ¶ 27 (2000). We do not reweigh the evidence and have
recognized the “juvenile court as the trier of fact in a termination
proceeding is in the best position to weigh the evidence, observe the parties,
judge the credibility of witnesses, and resolve disputed facts.” ADES v.
Oscar O., 209 Ariz. 332, 334, ¶ 4 (App. 2004).

¶12           Under A.R.S. § 8-533(B)(3), a court may terminate a parent’s
rights if

       the parent is unable to discharge parental responsibilities
       because of mental illness, mental deficiency or a history of
       chronic abuse of dangerous drugs, controlled substances or
       alcohol and there are reasonable grounds to believe that the
       condition will continue for a prolonged indeterminate period.

Before a court may sever the parent-child relationship under A.R.S. § 8-533,
the State must establish it made reasonable efforts to reunify the family.
Mary Ellen C. v. ADES, 193 Ariz. 185, 192, ¶ 33 (App. 1999). The State is not
required “to undertake rehabilitative measures that are futile” but must
“undertake measures with a reasonable prospect of success.” Id. at ¶ 34.

¶13           Mother and Father each argue the State failed to show it made
reasonable efforts to reunify the family. Mother argues she did not have an
opportunity to participate in DCS’s remedial services because she was
incarcerated during a portion of the period John was placed out of the
home. But DCS provided Mother with referrals for services in the periods
before and after her prison sentences and encouraged Mother to participate
in the services available to her in prison. The juvenile court’s finding that
DCS made reasonable efforts at reunification was supported by appropriate
evidence on this record.

                                      4
                        BRANDI C., JESSE G. v. DCS
                           Decision of the Court

¶14           Father argues DCS failed to meet its obligations because it did
not refer him to a therapist with master’s level training. DCS argues Father
waived this issue because he raised it for the first time on appeal. The
juvenile court directly addressed this issue in its order. The court found that
because Father had refused to participate in the services DCS had offered,
DCS’s efforts could be fairly characterized as reasonable despite its failure
to provide Father with master’s level counseling.

¶15            We agree with the juvenile court’s assessment. DCS is not
required to take futile measures. Based on the evidence in the record
regarding Father’s failure to participate in drug testing and treatment, it
was within the juvenile court’s discretion to conclude that DCS’s efforts
were reasonable despite its inability to provide additional services. And
because we conclude DCS made reasonable efforts to reunify Father with
John, we need not consider whether Father waived the issue. City of Tempe
v. Fleming, 168 Ariz. 454, 456 (App. 1991) (Whether a litigant can raise on
appeal an argument not made in the superior court is procedural, not
jurisdictional, and may be suspended at the appellate court’s discretion.).

¶16           Also, Mother argues DCS failed to prove chronic substance
abuse by clear and convincing evidence. At the termination hearing,
Mother testified that her methamphetamine use was unintentional. As a
result, Mother now contends the court could not have reasonably
concluded she was engaged in chronic substance abuse.

¶17          The juvenile court explicitly found that Mother’s testimony,
in which she claimed her marijuana had been laced with
methamphetamine, was not credible. Throughout this case, Mother was
found carrying methamphetamine paraphernalia, tested positive for
methamphetamine on several occasions, and testified that she had used
methamphetamine for over ten years, starting at age thirteen or fourteen.
Given this evidence, we conclude the juvenile court’s findings regarding
Mother’s substance abuse were supported by reasonable evidence.

¶18            Mother also argues DCS did not establish that it diligently
provided appropriate reunification services and that she substantially
neglected or willfully refused to remedy the circumstances causing John’s
out-of-home placement as required under § 8-533(B)(8)(c). Because we
conclude reasonable evidence supported termination on the ground of
chronic substance abuse, we need not address this argument. Michael J., 196
Ariz. at 251, ¶ 27.

                                      5
                      BRANDI C., JESSE G. v. DCS
                         Decision of the Court

                              CONCLUSION

¶19          We affirm the juvenile court’s order terminating Mother’s and
Father’s parental rights.

                       AMY M. WOOD • Clerk of the Court
                       FILED: AA

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