Court Opinion

ID: 4428901
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-08-20 19:14:39.789584+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:50:50.401702
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-5637-17T1

CITIBANK N.A., AS TRUSTEE
FOR WACHOVIA LOAN TRUST
2005-SD1 ASSET-BACKED
CERTIFICATES, SERIES 2005-SD1,

          Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

FRANCES J. MASSELLI, his/her
heirs, devisees, and personal
representatives, and his,
her, their or any of their
successors in right, title
and interest, and MR. MASSELLI,
husband of Frances J. Masselli,

     Defendants-Appellants.
_______________________________

                    Argued March 20, 2019 – Decided April 5, 2019

                    Before Judges Reisner and Mawla.

                    On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
                    Chancery Division, Bergen County, Docket No. F-
                    020668-14.
            Michael Schwartzberg argued the cause for appellants
            (Michael      Schwartzberg,   attorney;     Michael
            Schwartzberg, of counsel and on the brief; Jeffrey
            Zajac, on the briefs).

            Brian P. Matthews argued the cause for respondent
            (Reed Smith, LLP, attorneys; Henry F. Reichner, of
            counsel and on the brief).

PER CURIAM

      Defendant the Estate of Frances J. Masselli appeals from a July 16, 2018

order which denied its motion for disgorgement of funds paid to plaintiff

Citibank N.A. We affirm.

      We take the following facts from the record. This matter arises from a

mortgage foreclosure suit by plaintiff against decedent's estate.        A final

judgment of foreclosure was entered in plaintiff's favor on May 21, 2015, in the

amount of $68,673.44, including interest, costs of suit, and counsel fees. The

borrower passed away less than one month after the entry of judgment and a

Sherriff's sale was scheduled for June 2016. Defendant obtained adjournments

of the sale, and then filed an emergent application to stop the foreclosure and a

motion to vacate the borrower's default. Between 2015 and 2018, defendant

sought a loan modification and several stays of the sale. During this time,

plaintiff paid the taxes and insurance on the property.

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      In April 2018, defendant entered into a contract to sell the property.

Defendant requested a payoff figure from plaintiff, which totaled $127,204.03.

Defendant paid this sum to plaintiff and closed on the sale of the residence.

      Subsequently, defendant filed a motion for disgorgement of the sums it

paid plaintiff in excess of the judgment amount. Defendant argued plaintiff was

not entitled to payment of an amount greater than the judgment. Defendant

argued if plaintiff desired a greater sum, it should have filed a motion to amend

the judgment amount.

      The motion judge denied the motion. The judge found plaintiff did not

have to amend the judgment because defendant contacted plaintiff and

voluntarily paid the amount plaintiff demanded. The judge noted "[p]laintiff's

intent to seek payment for post-judgment expenditures was memorialized in the

loan and mortgage document covenants and [d]efendants were on notice of

same." The judge found plaintiff was not precluded from seeking additional

interest, expenses, and outlay related to the judgment, including taxes and

insurance paid to maintain the property. The judge concluded:

            To hold otherwise would lead to either unjust
            enrichment, by preventing [p]laintiff from recouping
            accrued interest and tax and insurance payments made
            post-judgment, or would lead to undue prejudice and
            delay, by forcing [p]laintiff to return the funds in
            question, file a [m]otion for [a]dditional [s]ums, and

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           then seek to collect those same funds, either in this
           action or a separate collections action against
           [d]efendants.

     The motion judge signed the order denying defendant's motion. This

appeal followed.

                                        I.

                 "Foreclosure is an equitable remedy governed by
           the operation of traditional equitable principles . . . ."
           U.S. Bank v. Curcio, 444 N.J. Super. 94, 113 (App. Div.
           2016) (quoting N.J. Bank v. Azco Realty Co., 148 N.J.
           Super. 159, 166 (App. Div. 1977)). Because equitable
           remedies are largely left to the judgment of the court,
           which has to balance the equities and fashion a remedy,
           such a decision will be reversed only for an abuse of
           discretion. See Sears Mortg. Corp. v. Rose, 134 N.J.
           326, 354 (1993).

                          Although the ordinary "abuse of
                   discretion" standard defies precise
                   definition, it arises when a decision is made
                   without       a      rational    explanation,
                   inexplicably departed from established
                   policies, or rested on an impermissible
                   basis.    In other words, a functional
                   approach to abuse of discretion examines
                   whether there are good reasons for an
                   appellate court to defer to the particular
                   decision at issue.

                   [Flagg v. Essex Cty. Prosecutor, 171 N.J.
                   561, 571 (2002) (citations omitted).]

           [Customers Bank v. Reitnour Inv. Props., LP, 453 N.J.

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                                        4
             Super. 338, 348 (App. Div. 2018) (alteration in
             original).]

      On appeal, defendant argues the motion judge erred because the

foreclosure judgment fixed the judgment amount, which could not be amended

without a formal application. Defendant argues, absent a motion to amend the

judgment, plaintiff's sole remedy was satisfaction of the judgment amount.

Defendant asserts it had no choice but to pay the sums demanded by plaintiff in

order to consummate the sale of the property and the judge misapplied his

equitable authority by holding its voluntary payment barred its right to seek

disgorgement of the excess payment.

      We affirm for the reasons expressed by the motion judge in the written

findings attached to the July 16, 2018 order. We add that defendant does not

dispute the calculation of the sum of money it voluntarily paid to plaintiff.

Defendant chose to pay plaintiff's claim rather than invite further litigation to

amend the judgment. Thus, the motion judge did not abuse his discretion where

the circumstances, as well as the underlying note, permitted plaintiff to seek the

additional interest, expenses, and outlay defendant was obligated to pay in the

first instance, which plaintiff paid in order to protect its interest in the property.

Contrary to defendant's arguments, the equities did not favor it.

      Affirmed.

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