Court Opinion

ID: 4066028
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-09-29 22:22:02.243942+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:03:31.745614
License: Public Domain

AFFIRM; and Opinion Filed May 8, 2015.

                                          S   In The
                                Court of Appeals
                         Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                       No. 05-14-00889-CV

      THE SHOPS AT LEGACY (INLAND) LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, Appellant
                                 V.
      FINE AUTOGRAPHS & MEMORABILIA RETAIL STORES, INC., Appellee

                       On Appeal from the 366th Judicial District Court
                                    Collin County, Texas
                           Trial Court Cause No. 366-02102-2010

                              MEMORANDUM OPINION
                       Before Justices Francis, Lang-Miers, and Whitehill
                                   Opinion by Justice Francis
       The Shops at Legacy (Inland) Limited Partnership appeals the trial court’s reformed order

and final judgment ordering it to pay the attorney’s fees of Fine Autographs & Memorabilia

Retail Stores, Inc. as a sanction for misconduct during the course of the litigation. In five issues,

appellant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support the trial court’s findings to

support imposition of sanctions and the excessiveness of the sanction. We affirm.

       This is the second appeal in this case involving the trial court’s sanctions order. In the

underlying case, appellant sued appellee for breach of a lease agreement. On the morning of

trial, appellant’s counsel announced “not ready,” explaining that he did not have two documents

critical to the case. After the trial court denied his oral motion for continuance, counsel moved

to nonsuit the case without prejudice to refiling. Three days later, appellee moved for sanctions,

alleging appellant or its counsel filed a false affidavit, created and served false discovery
answers, failed to comply with Collin County Local Rules, Texas Rules of Professional Conduct,

and the Texas Lawyers Creed, and engaged in “rampant discovery abuse.”

       Following an evidentiary hearing, the trial court concluded appellant engaged in

sanctionable conduct and dismissed appellant’s lawsuit with prejudice.        In the first appeal,

without considering the merits of the sanctionable actions, this Court concluded the death penalty

sanction was improper because the record did not show the trial court considered and analyzed

less stringent sanctions and whether such sanctions would promote compliance. The Shops at

Legacy (Inland) Ltd. P’ship v. Fine Autographs & Memorabilia Retail Stores Inc., 418 S.W.3d
229, 235 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2013, no pet.).            We reversed the trial court’s judgment and

remanded for the trial court to consider lesser sanctions.

       On remand, the trial judge considered the same evidence that was before him in the

previous proceeding and imposed a lesser sanction. Specifically, the trial court ordered appellant

to pay appellee its costs up to $1,000 and attorney’s fees in the amount of $31,000, less an offset

of $2,384 for the costs of appellant’s appeal. In its reformed order and final judgment, the trial

court found appellant “abused the pleading and discovery process in a methodical, patterned, and

systematic manner” and “demonstrated knowing and intentional conduct,” including: (1) filing

multiple false pleadings; (2) making material and false representations to the court and in

discovery; (3) failing to comply with “rules governing organization of pleadings”; (4) serving

inconsistent and false discovery responses that conflict with each other and pleadings on file; (5)

making serially untimely and incomplete discovery responses; (6) concealing evidence and

documents critical to defenses and claims asserted in this proceeding; (7) violating the Texas

Rules of Civil Procedure; and (8) violating the Local Rules of the Collin County District Courts.

       An order of sanctions by the trial court involves two separate decisions. The first

decision is whether to impose a sanction. See Davis v. Rupe, 307 S.W.3d 528, 531 (Tex. App.—

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Dallas 2010, no pet.). The second decision is what sanction to impose. Id. Appellant’s first four

issues involve the first question. These issues challenge the sufficiency of the evidence to

support findings or conclusions that it filed multiple false pleadings, made material

misrepresentations to the trial court, violated “rules governing organization of pleadings,” and

engaged in concealing evidence. Appellant did not, however, challenge the remaining bases of

sanctionable conduct set out in the judgment.

          Generally, an appellant must attack all independent bases or grounds that fully support an

adverse ruling or judgment. Creech v. Columbia Med. Ctr. of Las Colinas Subsidiary, L.P., 411
S.W.3d 1, 6 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2013, no pet.); Oliphant Fin. LLC v. Angiano, 295 S.W.3d 422,

424 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2009, no pet.). If an appellant fails to do so, we must affirm the ruling

or judgment. Prater v. State Farm Lloyds, 217 S.W.3d 739, 740–41 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2007,

no pet.). This proposition is based on the understanding that if an independent ground fully

supports the complained-of ruling or judgment, but the appellant assigns no error to that

independent ground, we must accept the validity of that unchallenged independent ground.

Oliphant Fin., 295 S.W.3d at 424. As a result, any error in the grounds challenged on appeal is

harmless because the unchallenged ground fully supports the ruling or judgment. Id.; cf. Walling

v. Metcalfe, 863 S.W. 56, 58 (Tex. 1993) (per curiam) (explaining that except in cases of

fundamental error, we may not reverse trial court’s judgment for reason not raised in point of

error).

          In this case, even if we agreed with appellant that there was insufficient evidence to

support the grounds it challenges on appeal, there are other grounds that could support the trial

court’s decision to impose sanctions that appellant has not attacked on appeal. In particular,

appellant has not challenged the trial court’s findings or conclusions that it served inconsistent

and false discovery responses that conflicted with each other and the pleadings, made serially

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untimely and incomplete discovery responses, and violated the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure

and the Local Rules of the Collin County District Courts. Having failed to challenge these

grounds, appellant cannot show reversible error. See Lugo v. St. Julian, No. 05-10-01062-CV,

2012 WL 2160244, at *2 (Tex. App.—Dallas June 14, 2012, no pet.) (mem. op.) (concluding

appellants could not show reversible error when they failed to challenge all bases for sanctions);

In re H.R.H., No. 05-07-01148-CV, 2008 WL 3984055, at *5 (Tex. App.—Dallas Aug. 29, 2008,

no pet.) (mem. op.) (affirming sanctions when appellant failed to attack all grounds in order);

Miaoulis v. AmegyBank, No. 01-11-00959-CV, 2012 WL 2159375, at *5 (Tex. App.—Houston

[1st Dist.] June 14, 2012, no pet.) (mem. op.) (same). We overrule issues one through four.

       In his fifth issue, appellant asserts the award of “all of the trial preparation attorneys fees”

claimed by appellee as a sanction is excessive, and there is no proof the fees are directly related

to the abuse in question.

       To preserve a complaint for appellate review, a party must have presented a request,

objection, or motion to the trial court stating specific grounds for the ruling desired. See TEX. R.

APP. P. 33.1(a)(1). An objection must not only identify the subject of the objection, but it also

must state specific grounds for the ruling desired. Birnbaum v. Law Offices of G. David Westfall,

P.C., 120 S.W.3d 470, 476 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2003, pet. denied).                   Without a proper

presentation of the alleged error to the trial court, a party does not afford the trial court the

opportunity to correct the error. Id. This rule has been applied to a party’s failure to raise

objections to sanctions in the trial court. See id. (failing to preserve complaints that sanction was

“criminal sanction” imposed without “full criminal due process” and did not state basis for award

as required by Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 13); Canine, Inc. v. Golla, 380 S.W.3d 189, 194

(Tex. App.—Dallas 2012, pet. denied) (failing to preserve complaint that trial court erred by

assessing monetary sanction); Werley v. Cannon, 344 S.W.3d 527, 535 (Tex. App.—El Paso

                                                 –4–
2011, no pet.) (failing to object that trial court did not consider “less stringent sanctions” and did

not require plaintiffs to segregate attorneys’ fees awarded as sanction and that no evidence or

affidavits were submitted regarded attorneys’ fees waived complaints on appeal); cf. Nath v. Tex.

Children’s Hosp., 446 S.W.32d 355, 364-65 (Tex. 2014) (concluding party properly preserved

complaint regarding excessiveness of sanctions award).

          Here, appellant filed a motion to modify, correct or reform the order and judgment and,

alternatively, motion for new trial. In the motions, appellant complained the order did not detail

the alleged abuse of the pleading and discovery process, did not specify which rules or statutes it

violated, did not detail how the sanctionable conduct was that of appellant, presumably as

opposed to its attorney, and did not detail evidence of “willful” or “intentional” conduct on

appellant’s part. Further, the motions generally challenged the sufficiency of the evidence to

support a ruling that appellant’s conduct was sanctionable. Nowhere in the motions, however,

did appellant bring the complaints he raises on appeal. Consequently, he has failed to preserve

these complaints.

          Regardless, appellant’s argument as set out in its brief and in oral argument appears to be

premised on its belief the trial court awarded all trial preparation fees from the beginning of the

case to the end of the case. The record does not support its argument. Appellee presented the

affidavits of two attorneys setting out legal services provided and the length of time for that

service. The vast majority of the fees involved preparing for trial only during the week before

the trial setting. 1 Thus, the premise of appellant’s complaint is not accurate.

          Moreover, with respect to these fees, the evidence showed appellant previously

represented it was ready for trial, knowing it did not have two documents (checks for “substantial

     1
       The remainder of the fees involved discovery and responding and objecting to appellant’s motion for summary judgment, which also
involved the complained-of conduct.

                                                                –5–
amounts of damages”) that it considered as critical evidence. On the day of trial, appellant’s

counsel orally moved for a continuance on the basis that it could not go forward without the

documents. He also asserted appellee was entitled to the documents. When the trial court denied

the continuance, appellant nonsuited the case. Appellant did not alert appellee or the trial court

prior to the day of trial that it was not prepared to go forward. In its findings, the trial court

found the monetary sanctions bear a direct relationship to appellant’s conduct because the

attorney’s fees and expenses “were incurred as a direct result of [appellant’s] failure to timely

supplement or prepare its discovery responses, or timely move for a trial continuance, causing

multiple counsel for [appellee] to waste days, and, at least once, an entire week in preparation for

a trial setting for which [appellant] had announced ready, yet had no intention of honoring.”

Consequently, these fees were directly related to conduct the trial court found sanctionable (and

which appellant does not challenge on appeal). We conclude appellant’s fifth issue is without

merit.

         We affirm the trial court’s reformed order and final judgment.

                                                      /Molly Francis/
                                                      MOLLY FRANCIS
                                                      JUSTICE

140889F.P05

                                                –6–
                                        S
                               Court of Appeals
                        Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                       JUDGMENT

THE SHOPS AT LEGACY (INLAND)                        On Appeal from the 366th Judicial District
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, Appellant                      Court, Collin County, Texas
                                                    Trial Court Cause No. 366-02102-2010.
No. 05-14-00889-CV         V.                       Opinion delivered by Justice Francis;
                                                    Justices Lang-Miers and Whitehill
FINE AUTOGRAPHS & MEMORABILIA                       participating.
RETAIL STORES, INC., Appellee

      In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, the reformed order and final
judgment of the trial court is AFFIRMED.

     It is ORDERED that appellee FINE AUTOGRAPHS & MEMORABILIA RETAIL
STORES, INC. recover its costs of this appeal from appellant THE SHOPS AT LEGACY
(INLAND) LIMITED PARTNERSHIP.

Judgment entered this 8th day of May, 2015.

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