Court Opinion

ID: 2804068
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-05-28 14:20:21.894592+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:42:02.787854
License: Public Domain

MEMORANDUM DECISION
      Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this
      Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as
      precedent or cited before any court except for the
      purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata,                          May 28 2015, 10:01 am
      collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

      ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT
      Mark Small
      Indianapolis, Indiana

                                                   IN THE
          COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

      Melissa Roberts Gannon,                                  May 28, 2015

      Appellant-Respondent,                                    Court of Appeals Case No.
                                                               38A02-1411-JP-822
              v.                                               Appeal from the Jay Circuit Court
                                                               The Honorable Brian D. Hutchison,
      Jesus A. Gomez-Rocha,                                    Judge
                                                               Case No. 38C01-1212-JP-59
      Appellee-Petitioner,

      Vaidik, Chief Judge.

                                            Case Summary
[1]   Melissa Roberts Gannon (“Mother”) appeals the trial court’s order finding her

      in contempt of court. She contends that the evidence is insufficient to show that

      she committed contempt. She also argues that a special judge should have

      heard her contempt case. But the evidence shows that for two weeks in October

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      and November 2014, Mother refused to return her son to his father, who had

      sole legal and physical custody of the child. Because Mother willfully

      disobeyed a court order, she is guilty of contempt, and she was not entitled to a

      special judge for the same reason. We affirm.

                            Facts and Procedural History
[2]   Mother and Jesus A. Gomez-Rocha (“Father”) have one child together, J.R.

      Father has legal and physical custody of J.R. by court order. There is no

      parenting-time order in place, but Father permitted Mother to exercise

      parenting time every other weekend and for one day each week.

[3]   In October 2014 Father informed Mother that he would be on house arrest for

      thirty days and would be unable to transport J.R. to or from Mother’s home for

      parenting time. Mother transported J.R. to and from Father’s house without

      incident for a short period of time; however, on October 22, 2014, Mother

      failed to return J.R. to Father’s home after her weekend parenting time. Father

      contacted Mother and asked her to return J.R., but Mother refused. Because he

      was on house arrest, Father was unable to leave the house and retrieve his son.

      Although Father reminded Mother that he was on house arrest, Mother still

      refused to bring J.R. to Father’s home.

[4]   Father filed a contempt petition on October 27, 2014. The trial court held a

      hearing on November 5, 2014, and both parties appeared pro se. At the

      hearing, Mother admitted that she had not returned J.R. to Father’s care, but

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      argued that Father should have met her at a local restaurant to pick up J.R. as

      he had done on past occasions. See Tr. p. 28-29.

[5]   The trial court found Mother in contempt. Its written order states: “The Court

      finds . . . Mother . . . in direct contempt of court for knowingly violating the

      court order by refusing to return the child, [J.R.], to his custodial parent.”

      Appellant’s App. p. 6.

[6]   Mother now appeals.

                                 Discussion and Decision
[7]   Mother challenges the trial court’s order finding her in contempt. She contends

      that the evidence is insufficient to show that she committed contempt. She also

      argues that a special judge should have heard her contempt case.

[8]   As a threshold matter, Father has not filed an appellee’s brief. Under that

      circumstance, we will not develop the appellee’s arguments. Branham v. Varble,

      952 N.E.2d 744, 746 (Ind. 2011). Rather, we will reverse upon an appellant’s

      prima facie showing of reversible error. Id.

[9]   “Contempt of court involves disobedience of a court which undermines the

      court’s authority, justice, and dignity.” Lasater v. Lasater, 809 N.E.2d 380, 386

      (Ind. Ct. App. 2004) (citation omitted). “It includes any act that tends to deter

      the court from the performance of its duties.” Id. Willful disobedience of any

      lawfully entered court order of which the offender had notice constitutes

      indirect contempt. Id. By contrast, direct contempt “includes those actions
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       occurring near the court, interfering with the business of the court, of which the

       judge has personal knowledge.” In re Haigh, 7 N.E.3d 980, 989 (Ind. 2014).

[10]   The determination of whether a party is in contempt of court is a matter

       entrusted to the trial court’s sound discretion. Mitchell v. Mitchell, 785 N.E.2d

       1194, 1198 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003). We will reverse the trial court’s finding of

       contempt only where an abuse of discretion has been shown, which occurs only

       when the trial court’s decision is against the logic and effect of the facts and

       circumstances before it. Id. When we review a contempt order, we neither

       reweigh the evidence nor judge the credibility of the witnesses. Id.

[11]   The trial court found that Mother committed direct contempt. See Appellant’s

       App. p. 6. On appeal, Mother argues that this was error because “there was no

       allegation or finding that Mother acted out in some way before the trial court.”

       Appellant’s Br. p. 10. We agree that Mother’s actions did not constitute direct

       contempt. Mother is guilty, however, of indirect contempt: Father has sole legal

       and physical custody of the parties’ son J.R., and Mother had no legal authority

       to remove J.R. from Father’s home and refuse to return him for two weeks.

       When she did so, she flouted the court order that granted Father sole custody of

       their child, and her actions constitute indirect contempt.

[12]   Recognizing that her contempt “was indirect in nature,” Appellant’s Br. p. 12,

       Mother argues that she was entitled to a special judge under the indirect-

       contempt statute. Indiana Code section 34-47-3-7 does require the appointment

       of a special judge in certain indirect-contempt proceedings. But Section 34-47-

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       3-7 expressly excludes “indirect contempts growing out of willfully resisting,

       hindering, delaying, or disobeying any lawful process or order of court.” Ind.

       Code § 34-47-3-7(b). Because Mother willfully disobeyed the court order

       granting Father sole custody of J.R., she was not entitled to a special judge.

[13]   Affirmed.

       Kirsch, J., and Bradford, J., concur.

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