Court Opinion

ID: 5506987
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-01-10 03:18:05.181039+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:34:04.217361
License: Public Domain

BRADLEY, J.
In the fall of 1891 the defendant went into the service of the Voght Manufacturing Company, at the city of Rochester, as clerk; and in July, 1893, he was promoted to the position of head bookkeeper and accountant, which place he occupied until he was discharged, in November, 1893. It was the custom of the company to pay the wages of its employés weekly. For the purpose of ascertaining the amount they, respectively, were entitled to receive, the foreman furnished to the defendant the time of their service, and he entered it in the time book kept for the purpose. Taking into account the money on hand, a slip containing a statement of the amount requisite was taken to the treasurer, who would draw the check of the company upon its bank account, with the proceeds of which the amount to which each workman was entitled was put into an envelope for him. In the time book was entered the wages paid the men, respectively, and in the journal was entered the amount paid them. The entries in those books were in the handwriting of the defendant, and by the entries in the former it appeared that the amount paid out for wages on August 4, 1893, was $379.66, and the corresponding entry in the journal of the amount was $409.66; thus representing a difference of $30, which it is charged was appropriated by the defendant to his own use. And, in support of the charge of his felonious intent, evidence was given to the effect that, in several weeks subsequent to that time, like discrepancies appear by the entries in those books, producing the same and greater differences between the entries of payment of wages in the time book and in the journal. While this indicated an irregularity in the defendant’s bookkeeping which would create suspicion against him, it did not necessarily prove that he had taken the differences in amount so represented. Another witness, who afterwards became a bookkeeper, testified that he had examined the situation on the 4th of August, 1893, as represented by the books, including the cash book of the company, and that it appeared by the cash book that there was on hand, at the close of the day before, $29.87; that the receipts on that day, including the proceeds of *929the check of the company drawn upon its bank account, were $58.47, $34)9, $2.60, and the amount of the check, $575, making together $669.03; that the amount paid out was the pay roll, $379.66, salaries, $151.77, to Mr. Voght, $41.50, sundries during the week, $32.37, and the balance remaining, as appeared by the cash book, was $33.73, making $639.03, producing a like difference of $30. This state of facts was apparently sufficient to justify the conclusion that somebody had on that day taken that amount of the company’s money.
The defendant, as a witness in bis behalf, testified that the slip containing statement of wages and salaries, and such sum as was needed, was written by another—the assistant "bookkeeper; that he (defendant) took the entry made in the journal from the slip as it appeared in the latter, and that the slip and entry in the journal would agree. The slip, as was common,- appears not to have been returned after it was taken to the treasurer for the purpose of the check, but was destroyed. He also testifies that he did not take $30, or any other sum, of the company’s money. It appears that the cash book was kept, and the entries made in it, by the assistant bookkeeper, who also had access to the safe and who had charge of the petty cash drawer, in which money was kept to pay freights, express charges, and other minor expenses. There was evidence sufficient to justify the submission of the case to the jury, for them to determine whether or not the defendant was guilty of the offense charged, and therefore the motion made at the close of the evidence for his discharge was properly denied.
After the defendant had been examined as a witness, Mr. Voght, the president and treasurer of the company, was recalled, and after stating what the slips contained, and that they were destroyed, was, on cross-examination, asked: “They would be of some value, if you had them now? Answer. Yes, sir; they would be strong evidence against the prisoner.” Thereupon, the defendant’s counsel asked that the answer be stricken out. This was denied, and exception taken. The latter part of the answer was not responsive to the question and should have been stricken out, and the motion may fairly have been understood to have had reference only to that part of the answer given by the witness. It is possible that the defendant may have been prejudiced by the expression that the slips would be strong evidence against him.
The court, in charging the jury, stated that on the day the check of the company was made there was a balance on hand of $29.87, and that there should have, on that day, remained in the defendant’s hands a balance of $63.33, whereas in fact there was but $33.33. The defendant’s counsel excepted to that part of the statement in the charge that $63.33 should have remained in the defendant’s hands that day. Treating the entries in the cash book as evidence, such appeared to have been the fact. But it may be observed that the entries in the cash book were not made by the defendant, nor did he, so far as appears, have anything to do with it. In that view, the defendant’s counsel requested the court *930to charge the jury that it was not shown that the company had any definite amount of money in its possession on the 4th of August, 1893. This was declined, and exception taken. The fact certainly did not appear, unless the entries in the cash book were treated as evidence of it. The fact was dependent upon the entries in the cash book as evidence. They were not made by the defendant. It does not appear that he had any knowledge of them, nor was any evidence verifying the entries given by the person who made them; and, while the attention of the court was not called as specifically as it ought to have been to the question sought to be raised by the defendant’s counsel, we think the fact should not be overlooked that the defendant may have been prejudiced by the effect which may be treated as having been given by the charge of the court to those entries in the cash book, the correctness of which was not supported by evidence other than that inherently manifested by them. The defendant should have a new trial. The conviction and judgment should be reversed, and a new trial granted. All concur.