Court Opinion

ID: 9652349
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-23 17:22:42.700278+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:12:50.554402
License: Public Domain

*513OPINION
BILL VANCE, Justice.
Chemical Lime, Ltd sued Site Work Group, Inc. (“SWG”) and its two individual guarantors, Richard Waller and Raymond Smith, on a sworn account.1 Chemical Lime filed a traditional motion for summary judgment, and the trial court granted the motion. SWG and Waller (“Appellants”) appeal, arguing that summary judgment was not proper because they raised a fact issue.
We will affirm the judgment.
BACKGROUND
SWG was a subcontractor in the construction of a new sanctuary for the Unity Church of Christianity in Houston, Texas (the “Project”). Chemical Lime supplied SWG with lime and related materials for the Project on a credit account. Waller and Smith personally guaranteed all amounts due to Chemical Lime. SWG allegedly notified Chemical Lime on at least two occasions that the Project was tax-exempt. Chemical Lime charged sales tax on the materials it supplied. After demand by Chemical Lime, SWG failed to pay the amounts due to Chemical Lime. Chemical Lime sued SWG for failure to pay the account, breach of contract, and quantum meruit, and it sued Waller and Smith for breach of guaranty. SWG and Waller filed a general and verified denial that each and every item in the statement of the account is not just or true. Chemical Lime’s traditional motion for summary judgment was granted.
SUMMARY JUDGMENT

Standard of Review

We review the decision to grant or deny a summary-judgment motion de novo. See Rucker v. Bank One Texas, N.A., 36 S.W.3d 649, 653 (Tex.App.-Waco 2000, pet. denied). The standards for reviewing a traditional motion for summary judgment are well established. Nixon v. Mr. Property Mgmt. Co., 690 S.W.2d 546, 548 (Tex. 1985). The movant has the burden of showing that no genuine issue of material fact exists and that he is entitled to the summary judgment as a matter of law. American Tobacco Co. v. Grinnell, 951 S.W.2d 420, 425 (Tex.1997); Ash v. Hack Branch Distributing Co., 54 S.W.3d 401, 413 (Tex. App.-Waco 2001, pet. denied). The reviewing court must accept all evidence favorable to the non-movant as true. Nixon, 690 S.W.2d at 549; Ash, 54 S.W.3d at 413. Every reasonable inference must be indulged in favor of the non-movant and all doubts resolved in its favor. American Tobacco, 951 S.W.2d at 425; Ash, 54 S.W.3d at 413. The non-movant need not respond to the motion for summary judgment unless the movant meets its burden of proof. Rhone-Poulenc, Inc. v. Steel, 997 S.W.2d 217, 222-23 (Tex.1999). But if the movant meets its burden of proof, the non-movant must present summary-judgment evidence to raise a fact issue. Cen-teq Realty, Inc. v. Siegler, 899 S.W.2d 195, 197 (Tex.1995).

Relevant Law

A defendant’s verified denial of the correctness of a plaintiffs sworn account, in the form required by Rule 185, destroys the evidentiary effect of the itemized account and forces the plaintiff to put on proof of its claim. Rizk v. Fin. Guardian Ins. Agency, Inc., 584 S.W.2d 860, 862 (Tex.1979). The essential elements of a cause of action on an account are (1) a sale *514and delivery of the goods; (2) that the amount of the account is just, that is, that the prices are charged in accordance with an agreement or in the absence of an agreement, they are the usual customary and reasonable prices for those goods;2 and (3) that the amount is unpaid. Jones v. Ben Maines Air Conditioning, Inc., 621 S.W.2d 437, 439 (Tex.App.-Corpus Christi 1981, no writ).
State sales tax is imposed on the sale of each taxable item in Texas. Tex. Tax Code Ann. § 151.051(a) (Vernon 2002). A taxable item includes tangible personal property. Id. § 151.010 (Vernon 2002). All gross receipts of a seller are presumed to be subject to sales tax unless a properly completed resale or exemption certificate is accepted by the seller. Id. § 151.054(a) (Vernon 2002). A properly completed resale or exemption certificate should be in the possession of the seller at the time the nontaxable transaction occurs. Id. § 151.054(e). A seller who makes a sale subject to sales tax must add the amount of the tax to the sales price, and when the amount of the tax is added, it becomes a part of the sales price. Id. § 151.052(a)(1) (Vernon 2002).

Arguments

Appellants argue that they raised a genuine issue of material fact as to the justness of the amount of the account. They argue that the affidavit by Waller states that he notified Chemical Lime on at least two occasions of the tax-exempt status of the Project; and thus, the amount of the account is unjust because sales tax was charged. Appellants also argue that they were not required to prove the tax-exempt status of the Project by providing a tax-exemption certificate as summary-judgment evidence.
Chemical Lime argues that Appellants failed to present any summary-judgment evidence that anyone ever provided Chemical Lime a tax-exemption certificate.

Analysis

The burden in this summary judgment proceeding was first on Chemical Lime to show that there were no genuine issues of material fact and that it was entitled to the summary judgment as a matter of law. See American Tobacco, 951 S.W.2d at 425; Ash, 54 S.W.3d at 413. The affidavit provided by Chemical Lime’s credit analyst provides evidence that the sales prices of the materials were reasonable, and the usual and customary prices for such materials. See Jones, 621 S.W.2d at 439. Thus, Chemical Lime met its burden to prove that the amount of the account is just.3 The burden then shifted to Appellants to present summary-judgment evidence to raise a fact issue. See Siegler, 899 S.W.2d at 197. To not charge sales tax on Appellants’ account, Chemical Lime was required to have an exemption certificate at the time of the transaction. See Tex. Tax Code Ann. § 151.054(a), (e). Appellants’ burden was not to prove the tax-exempt status of the Project, but was to present summary-judgment evidence to bring a fact issue relating to whether or not they provided Chemical Lime with a tax-exemption certificate. We find Appellants failed to meet their burden. See Siegler, 899 S.W.2d at 197.
We overrule Appellants’ issue.
CONCLUSION
Having overruled Appellants’ issue, we affirm the judgment.
Chief Justice GRAY dissenting.

. Smith did not respond to Chemical Lime’s summary judgment motion and is not involved in this appeal.

. This is the only element at issue in this appeal.

. The amount added for sales tax being required by statute. Tex. Tax Code Ann. § 151.051(a).