Court Opinion

ID: 4677412
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-04-14 21:00:30.349191+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:02:22.869040
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       APR 14 2021
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

CHARLES VAN TASSEL; JEREMY                      No.    20-35121
PLANK,
                                                D.C. No. 3:15-cv-05508-BHS
                Plaintiffs-Appellants,

 v.                                             MEMORANDUM*

STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE
INSURANCE COMPANY,

                Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Western District of Washington
                   Benjamin H. Settle, District Judge, Presiding

                      Argued and Submitted March 19, 2021
                           San Francisco, California

Before: MURGUIA and CHRISTEN, Circuit Judges, and LYNN,** District Judge.

      Plaintiffs-Appellants Charles Van Tassel and Jeremy Plank (“Plaintiffs”)

sought to certify a class of State Farm insureds in the state of Washington, alleging

that State Farm breached its contracts with the class members and violated state

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The Honorable Barbara M. G. Lynn, Chief United States District
Judge for the Northern District of Texas, sitting by designation.
consumer-protection laws by failing to properly compensate class members for

“diminished value” damages after auto accidents. The district court denied class

certification, and Plaintiffs prevailed on their individual breach-of-contract claims

against Defendant-Appellee State Farm after a two-day jury trial. After entry of the

final judgment, Plaintiffs appealed the district court’s order denying class

certification, the order denying Plaintiffs’ motion to amend the case schedule, and

several orders denying Plaintiffs’ motions for reconsideration. Because the parties

are familiar with the facts, we do not recite them here. We have jurisdiction pursuant

to 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm. See Deposit Guar. Nat’l Bank v. Roper, 445

U.S. 326, 336 (1980) (holding that denial of class certification is appealable after

entry of final judgment); see also Hall v. City of L.A., 697 F.3d 1059, 1070 (9th Cir.

2012) (explaining that other earlier, non-final orders are reviewable after a final

judgment).

      1.     Plaintiffs primarily challenge the district court’s denial of class

certification. We review the denial of class certification for abuse of discretion and

the district court’s underlying factual findings for clear error. Ruiz Torres v. Mercer

Canyons Inc., 835 F.3d 1125, 1132 (9th Cir. 2016) (citation omitted).

      Plaintiffs sought to certify a class of State Farm insureds in the state of

Washington who purportedly suffered diminished value damages covered under

their underinsured motorist policies.     To obtain class certification, they were

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required to satisfy the four threshold requirements of Rule 23(a)—numerosity,

commonality, typicality, and adequacy of representation. See Fed. R. Civ. P.

23(a)(1)–(4); Parsons v. Ryan, 754 F.3d 657, 674 (9th Cir. 2014). In addition,

because Plaintiffs sought certification pursuant to Rule 23(b)(3), they were required

to demonstrate predominance of common questions over individualized ones and

superiority of a class action over individual litigation. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(b)(3);

Castillo v. Bank of Am., NA, 980 F.3d 723, 730 (9th Cir. 2020). Failure to establish

any one of these requirements defeats class certification. See Castillo, 980 F.3d at

726–27 (affirming denial of class certification where plaintiff had established

commonality and typicality, but not predominance).

      The district court did not abuse its discretion in concluding that individualized

questions, rather than common questions, predominated.             The district court

determined that State Farm processed claims on a case-by-case basis depending on

the documentation insureds submitted, resulting in a number of individualized

questions regarding liability for diminished value damages. This individualized

process for identifying and calculating diminished value damages distinguishes

Plaintiffs’ case from Moeller v. Farmers Insurance Co. of Washington, 267 P.3d

998, 1003 (Wash. 2011), in which the insurer took the position that its policy

excluded coverage of diminished value across the board, and Achziger v. IDS

Property Casualty Insurance Co., 772 F. App’x 416, 418–19 (9th Cir. 2019), in

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which the insurer conceded at oral argument that it used a universal formula to

calculate diminished value damages. Because the district court did not abuse its

discretion in determining that Plaintiffs failed to demonstrate predominance, it

follows that the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying class

certification. See Castillo, 980 F.3d at 726–27.

      2. Plaintiffs also appeal the district court’s order denying Plaintiffs’ motion

to amend the case schedule. A party seeking modification of a scheduling order

must generally show “good cause,” Johnson v. Mammoth Recreations, Inc., 975 F.2d

604, 608 (9th Cir. 1992) (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(b)), and we review a district

court’s refusal to modify a scheduling order for abuse of discretion, see Zivkovic v.

S. Cal. Edison Co., 302 F.3d 1080, 1087 (9th Cir. 2002). The district court did not

abuse its discretion in denying the motion to amend the case schedule, which State

Farm opposed, because Plaintiffs failed to establish good cause for delaying the trial.

Plaintiffs’ reliance on our decision in Achziger is misplaced because that case is

distinguishable on its facts. Achziger, an unpublished memorandum disposition, did

not change the applicable law regarding class certification, which Plaintiffs had

ample opportunity to brief in the district court. See 772 F. App’x at 419.

      3. Finally, Plaintiffs appeal the district court’s orders denying reconsideration

of the class certification issue and the case-schedule issue. We review the district

court’s denial of a motion to reconsider for abuse of discretion. See Sch. Dist. No.

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1J, Multnomah Cnty. v. ACandS, Inc., 5 F.3d 1255, 1262–63 (9th Cir. 1993).

Because the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Plaintiffs’ motion

for class certification and motion to amend the case schedule, the district court did

not abuse its discretion by denying Plaintiffs’ motions for reconsideration, which

essentially presented the same arguments as the initial motions the district court

denied. See id.

      AFFIRMED.

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