Court Opinion

ID: 856937
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-04-02 16:04:00.898562+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:06:34.189956
License: Public Domain

FILED
                                                                  United States Court of Appeals
                                                                          Tenth Circuit

                                                                           April 2, 2013
                        UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALSElisabeth A. Shumaker
                                                                           Clerk of Court
                                    TENTH CIRCUIT

 JEFFREY L. REAGLE,
                 Petitioner–Appellant,                          No. 12-5183
           v.                                      (D.C. No. 4:09-CV-00507-GKF-PJC)
 JUSTIN JONES, Director,                                        (N.D. Okla.)
                 Respondent–Appellee.

                ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY*

Before LUCERO, McKAY and MURPHY, Circuit Judges.

       Petitioner, a state prisoner proceeding pro se, seeks a certificate of appealability to

appeal the district court’s denial of his § 2254 habeas petition. An Oklahoma jury

convicted Petitioner of possessing a firearm after a former conviction of a felony,

aggravated assault and battery on a police officer, resisting a police officer, and

discharging a firearm in a public place. Petitioner was sentenced to life imprisonment.

His conviction and sentence were affirmed on direct appeal.

       In his federal habeas petition, Petitioner raised twelve grounds of error, each of

       *
         This order is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case,
res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value
consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
which had been presented to and rejected by the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals.1

Petitioner argued: (1) the trial court erred in permitting the prosecution to introduce

evidence of prior bad acts; (2) the trial court erred in denying defense counsel’s request

for a competency exam; (3) the trial court erred in refusing to instruct the jury on his

theory of defense; (4) the trial court erred in permitting the prosecution to introduce

evidence obtained from an unlawful search; (5) Petitioner received ineffective assistance

of counsel; (6) the prosecution engaged in prosecutorial misconduct; (7) Petitioner’s

sentence was excessive; (8) cumulative error requires reversal; (9) Petitioner was

wrongfully convicted of three counts of assault and battery on a police officer because he

had excusable and justifiable cause; (10) the Second Amendment prohibits his

prosecution for possession of a firearm after conviction of a felony; (11) the use of

Petitioner’s prior felony convictions to enhance his sentence is unconstitutional based on

the prohibition against double jeopardy; and (12) the prosecution committed perjury

during the trial. The district court concluded that the state court had not unreasonably

applied Supreme Court precedent in rejecting these claims in the state court proceedings,

and the district court accordingly denied the petition for relief under 28 U.S.C. §

2254(d)(1).

       After thoroughly reviewing the record and Petitioner’s filings on appeal, we

       1
        In his habeas petition, Petitioner actually asserted thirteen grounds of error.
However, ground thirteen is identical to ground seven: “Appellant’s sentence was
excessive and should be modified.” (R. Vol. I at 36 (capitalization omitted); see also id.
at 38.)

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conclude that reasonable jurists would not debate the district court’s denial of habeas

relief. See Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000).

       Petitioner raises two additional arguments in his brief. He first argues the district

court erred in denying his request for an evidentiary hearing. Petitioner contends that he

“showed that an investigatory [hearing] was necessary to fully litigate his case.” (Br. at

10 (capitalization omitted).) However, because each of Petitioner’s claims in his petition

can be resolved on the basis of the record alone, we conclude the district court did not

abuse its discretion. See Hooks v. Workman, 606 F.3d 715, 731 (10th Cir. 2010).

       Petitioner then argues his conviction and sentence should be dismissed or vacated

as a result of the district court’s failure to set a hearing date within five days of

Respondent’s response, as required by 28 U.S.C. § 2243. A review of the record reveals

the district court did not dispose of Petitioner’s petition until October 10, 2012—more

than three years after Petitioner filed his reply to Respondent’s response in opposition to

Petitioner’s habeas petition. Construing Petitioner’s pro se appeal liberally, as we must,

Hall v. Bellmon, 935 F.2d 1106, 1110 (10th Cir. 1991), we interpret Petitioner’s argument

as a due process claim. See Wise v. Commandant, 82 F. App’x 636, 638 (10th Cir. 2003)

(construing the petitioner’s claim that “the district court erred by delaying its disposition

of his habeas petition until 761 days after he filed his traverse” “as a due process claim”).

“‘[T]he remedy for a due process violation caused by inordinate delay of a district court is

not habeas relief, but a writ of mandamus directing the district court to act or rule on the

pending matter.’” Id. (quoting United States v. Wiktor, 146 F.3d 815, 819 (10th Cir.

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1998)) (alteration in original). Because the district court ruled on Petitioner’s petition,

“no mandamus directing the district court to act was requested or required.” Id. at 639.

The question, then, is “whether the district court’s . . . delay prejudiced [Petitioner].” Id.

at 638. In light of the district court’s denial of Petitioner’s habeas petition and our denial

of his request for a certificate of appealability, Petitioner can show no prejudice as a result

of the delay.2 Id. at 639.

       For substantially the same reasons given by the district court and state court, we

DENY Petitioner’s request for a certificate of appealability and DISMISS the appeal. All

other pending motions are DENIED.3

                                                    ENTERED FOR THE COURT

                                                    Monroe G. McKay
                                                    Circuit Judge

       2
         Having determined Petitioner cannot show the requisite prejudice, we do not
decide whether the nearly three-year delay in disposing of Petitioner’s petition was
impermissible. See Johnson v. Rogers, 917 F.2d 1283, 1285 (10th Cir. 1990) (concluding
a fourteen-month delay in deciding the petitioner’s habeas petition was impermissible, but
emphasizing that “[e]ach situation must be considered on its own facts”). The record on
appeal does not indicate the circumstances that may have justified the district court’s
delay and is therefore insufficient for us to make this determination.
       3
        Contrary to Petitioner’s belief, Respondent was not obligated to respond to his
combined brief and application for a certificate of appealability. 10th Cir. R. 22.1(B). As
explained in the instructions to litigants proceeding without counsel, attached to
Petitioner’s brief, “It is not a default or concession in any way if the appellee does not
respond.” (Br. at 3 (bold type omitted).)

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