Court Opinion

ID: 3194405
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-04-14 19:02:17.680231+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:47:04.812487
License: Public Domain

Filed 4/14/16 P. v. Teran CA5

                  NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

           IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
                                     FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

THE PEOPLE,
                                                                                           F070325
         Plaintiff and Respondent,
                                                                             (Super. Ct. No. VCF299686)
                   v.

LUIS TERAN,                                                                              OPINION
         Defendant and Appellant.

                                                   THE COURT*
         APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Tulare County. Gary L.
Paden, Judge.
         David Y. Stanley, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and
Appellant.
         Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Gerald A. Engler, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Michael P. Farrell, Assistant Attorney General, Kathleen A. McKenna and
Sarah J. Jacobs, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
                                                        -ooOoo-

*        Before Poochigian, Acting P.J., Franson, J. and Smith, J.
       Defendant Luis Teran was convicted by jury trial of eight counts, including
kidnapping during a carjacking (Pen. Code, § 209.5, subd. (a);1 count 2), kidnapping
(§ 207, subd. (a); count 3), and false imprisonment by violence (§ 236; count 7). On
appeal, defendant contends, and the People concede, that both kidnapping and false
imprisonment are lesser included offenses of kidnapping during the course of a
carjacking, and that defendant’s convictions of kidnapping and false imprisonment
cannot stand. We agree.
       “When a defendant is found guilty of both a greater and a necessarily lesser
included offense arising out of the same act or course of conduct, and the evidence
supports the verdict on the greater offense, that conviction is controlling, and the
conviction of the lesser offense must be reversed.” (People v. Sanders (2012) 55 Cal.4th
731, 736.) “Under California law, a lesser offense is necessarily included in a greater
offense if … the statutory elements of the greater offense … include all the elements of
the lesser offense, such that the greater offense cannot be committed without also
committing the lesser.” (People v. Birks (1998) 19 Cal.4th 108, 117.)
       As the parties agree, kidnapping is a lesser included offense of kidnapping during
a carjacking (People v. Ortiz (2012) 208 Cal.App.4th 1354, 1368), and false
imprisonment is also a lesser included offense of kidnapping during the commission of a
carjacking (People v. Magana (1991) 230 Cal.App.3d 1117, 1120-1121). Therefore,
defendant’s convictions for the lesser included crimes of kidnapping and false
imprisonment must be reversed. (See People v. Pearson (1986) 42 Cal.3d 351, 355
[“multiple convictions may not be based on necessarily included offenses”]; People v.
Dowdell (2014) 227 Cal.App.4th 1388, 1416 [“[w]hen a defendant is convicted of a

1      All statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise noted.

                                              2
greater and a lesser included offense, reversal of the conviction for the lesser included
offense is required”].)
                                      DISPOSITION
       The convictions for kidnapping (§ 207, subd. (a); count 3), and false imprisonment
by violence (§ 236; count 7) are reversed. The matter is remanded for resentencing. In
all other respects, the judgment is affirmed.

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