Court Opinion

ID: 2961360
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-21 20:03:56.142976+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:00:26.143865
License: Public Domain

2015 SEP 21 *n
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        IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

In the Matter of the Dependency of                No. 72901-2-1

R.T., a minor child.                              DIVISION ONE

THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL
AND HEALTH SERVICES,                              UNPUBLISHED OPINION

                       Respondent,

        v.

M.T.,                                             FILED: September 21,2015

                       Appellant.

        Leach, J. — M.T. appeals the trial court's denial of her motion to vacate an

order terminating her parental rights. She does not challenge the merits of this

decision. Instead, she claims the trial court denied her statutory right to counsel

to pursue posttrial relief.    Because M.T. never asked the trial court to appoint

counsel, she failed to preserve this claimed error. Because she makes no claim

the trial court committed a manifest error of a constitutional magnitude, we

decline to review her claim.

                                        FACTS

        The Department of Social and Health Services ("the Department") filed a

petition to terminate M.T.'s parental rights to her daughter, R.T. On October 28,

2013, after a fact-finding hearing on the Department's petition, the trial court
NO. 72901-2-1/2

entered an order terminating M.T.'s parental rights.1 Counsel represented M.T.

throughout the dependency proceedings.         M.T. did not appeal the termination

order. On April 4, 2014, the court entered an order dismissing the dependency

after R.T.'s adoption on March 20, 2014.

        Exactly a year after the entry of the termination order, on October 28,

2014,   M.T.    filed   a   "Motion for Order to   Show Cause     re:   Vacation of

Judgment/Order" in the superior court. She referred to the dependency cause

number involving R.T. and challenged the evidence supporting the termination.

M.T., who was incarcerated when she filed her motion, represented herself. M.T.

filed a calendar note, setting the matter for a hearing.    She also requested a

telephonic hearing and asked the court to waive the cost of such a hearing due to

her incarceration and indigence.

        M.T. participated in the hearing by telephone. M.T. sought to vacate the

order of termination under CR 60 and to reinstate her parental rights.         The

hearing transcript shows that M.T. did not ask the court to appoint counsel. M.T.

makes no claim that she did.        After the hearing, the court entered an order

denying M.T.'s motion, stating, "There is not a basis to vacate under CR 60."

M.T. appeals.

      1 Shortly thereafter, R.T.'s biological father executed a document
consenting to the termination of his parental rights, and the court entered an
order terminating his parental rights. The father is not a party to these
proceedings.
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NO. 72901-2-1/3

                                     ANALYSIS

       M.T. claims a statutory right to counsel to assist her with her posttrial

motion to vacate. The Department disagrees about this claimed right and also

asserts that M.T. failed to preserve this claim of error. We agree that she failed

to preserve this claim.

       M.T. did not ask that the trial court appoint counsel to represent her on her

motion to vacate. As a general rule, appellate courts will not consider an issue

raised for the first time on appeal.2 The Rules of Appellate Procedure likewise

provide, in relevant part:

       The appellate court may refuse to review any claim of error which
       was not raised in the trial court. However, a party may raise the
       following claimed errors for the first time in the appellate court: (1)
       lack of trial court jurisdiction, (2) failure to establish facts upon
       which relief can be granted, and (3) manifest error affecting a
       constitutional right.

RAP 2.5(a). The appellant has the burden to demonstrate a basis for reviewing

an issue raised for the first time on appeal.3

       In her opening brief, M.T. does not address RAP 2.5 and offers no basis to

review her statutory claim for the first time on appeal. She did not file a reply

brief. The limited exceptions to the general rule set forth in RAP 2.5(a) do not

       2 State v. Kirkman, 159 Wash. 2d 918, 926, 155 P.3d 125 (2007).
       3 State v. Grimes, 165 Wash. App. 172, 185-86, 267 P.3d 454 (2011).
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NO. 72901-2-1/4

apply here. M.T. asserts a statutory right to the assistance of counsel based on

RCW 13.34.090(2).4 She makes no claim of a constitutional dimension.

       M.T. now appears to fault the trial judge for not recognizing her indigence

and on its own initiative appointing counsel to represent her after the termination

order became final, her child was adopted, and the dependency proceeding

dismissed. But she never told the trial court that she sought the assistance of

counsel. The trial court had no opportunity to consider M.T.'s argument/ that the

right to counsel under the dependency statute applies in this procedural context

after dependency proceedings have concluded.5

       M.T. failed to preserve the claim of error and has not carried her burden to

establish a basis for review.

       We affirm.

WE CONCUR:

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       4 RCW 13.34.690(2) provides in pertinent part: "At all staged     pes of a
proceeding in which a child is alleged to be dependent, the child's parent. . . has
the right to be represented by counsel, and if indigent, to have counsel appointed
for him or her by the court."
       5 See In re Dependency of Grove, 127 Wash. 2d 221, 232-33, 897 P.2d 1252
(1995) (right to counsel under RCW 13.34 includes a right to counsel on appeal
in dependency proceeding).
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