Court Opinion

ID: 2730008
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-09-08 21:52:21.452326+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:44:00.103158
License: Public Domain

Pursuant to Ind.Appellate Rule 65(D),
this Memorandum Decision shall not be

                                                            FILED
regarded as precedent or cited before
any court except for the purpose of
establishing the defense of res judicata,                Jul 06 2012, 9:27 am
collateral estoppel, or the law of the
case.
                                                                 CLERK
                                                               of the supreme court,
                                                               court of appeals and
                                                                      tax court

APPELLANT PRO SE:                                ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:

JAMES DAHER, JR.                                 GREGORY F. ZOELLER
Carlisle, Indiana                                Attorney General of Indiana

                                                 J.T. WHITEHEAD
                                                 Deputy Attorney General
                                                 Indianapolis, Indiana

                              IN THE
                    COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

JAMES DAHER, JR.,                                )
                                                 )
       Appellant-Defendant,                      )
                                                 )
              vs.                                )      No. 56A03-1201-CR-32
                                                 )
STATE OF INDIANA,                                )
                                                 )
       Appellee-Plaintiff.                       )

                    APPEAL FROM THE NEWTON SUPERIOR COURT
                          The Honorable Daniel Molter, Judge
                             Cause No. 56D01-0901-FB-2

                                        July 6, 2012

               MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION

BARNES, Judge
                                    Case Summary

      James Daher, Jr., appeals the trial court’s denial of his verified motion for relief

from judgment. We affirm.

                                          Issue

      Daher raises one issue on appeal, which we restate as whether the trial court

properly denied his verified motion for relief from judgment.

                                          Facts

      On May 17, 2010, Daher was convicted in Newton County of conspiracy to

commit escape with a deadly weapon as a Class B felony. He was sentenced to twenty

years. He appealed his conviction, and it was affirmed by this court. Daher v. State, 941

N.E.2d 571 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011).

      On January 4, 2012, Daher filed a verified motion for relief from judgment, which

challenged the jurisdiction of the State and Newton County to charge, arrest, try, convict,

and sentence him. The foundation of Daher’s argument was derived from a published

order finding attorney misconduct and imposing discipline on James E. Barce, the

prosecuting attorney in Daher’s underlying case. In the Matter of James E. Barce, 934

N.E.2d 732 (Ind. 2010).

      Barce became the full-time prosecuting attorney in Newton County in 2005. On

August 5, 2005, Barce signed an affidavit of inactivity, which placed his law license on

inactive status. In the affidavit, Barce stated under the penalties of perjury that he was

not engaged in the practice of law in Indiana. Barce signed a similar affidavit in 2006,
                                            2
2007, and 2008. Barce’s inactive status allowed him to pay a reduced annual registration

fee.

       In February 2009, it came to light that Barce was practicing without an active law

license.   Barce then immediately reactivated his license and self-reported to the

disciplinary commission. The hearing officer found no aggravating circumstances, and

Barce was found to have engaged in the unauthorized practice of law and conduct

prejudicial to the administration of justice. Barce was publicly reprimanded for his

misrepresentations.

       Daher’s motion alleged that, because Barce filed no legal appearance, the probable

cause affidavit, warrants, charges, trial, verdict, and judgment were all legally null and

void and that by extension the State had no legal right as a matter of law to prosecute and

imprison him. The trial court denied Daher’s motion on January 5, 2012. Daher now

appeals.

                                            Analysis

       Daher argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion for relief from

judgment. Daher claims that the State had no legal right to prosecute him because the

State’s representative, Barce, did not have an active license to practice law. This is an

incorrect interpretation of the law.1

1
 The State makes no argument that Daher was required to file a post-conviction relief petition, as
opposed to a motion for relief from judgment.
                                                3
       In reference to his motion for relief from judgment, Daher contends that the State

waived any argument for appellate review because it failed to answer, contradict, deny, or

refute Daher’s claims in the trial court. This argument is unfounded. Daher filed his

motion with the trial court on January 4, 2012. The motion was denied by the trial court

on January 5, 2012. The State had no opportunity to respond to Daher’s arguments in the

trial court. One day is surely insufficient time for the State to become aware of the filing

of the motion and then to make an argument against the motion in the trial court. The

State did not waive any of its arguments as appellee by not making such arguments in the

trial court.

       The lack of authority of an unlicensed de facto prosecutor must result in harm to

the defendant to constitute reversible error. Anderson v. State, 699 N.E.2d 257, 260 (Ind.

1998) (citing Cox v. State, 493 N.E.2d 151, 160 (Ind. 1986)).               Daher cites no

distinguishing circumstances in the instant appeal, so we apply the Anderson holding and

find Barce to be a de facto prosecutor.           Daher frames his arguments as strictly

jurisdictional, but in fact they are all based on Barce’s inactive law license. Daher cites

no evidence that would suggest that Barce’s inactive license prejudiced Daher in any

way. It is insufficient to prove only that Barce’s license was inactive. See Anderson, 699

N.E.2d at 260. Some harm must accompany this proof, and no harm has been alleged or

substantiated by Daher. We also note that in our Supreme Court’s order disciplining

Barce it gave no indication that his misconduct affected the validity of the cases he tried.

                                              4
                                         Conclusion

          The trial court correctly denied Daher’s motion, and we find that Barce’s actions

as an unlicensed de facto prosecutor did not harm or prejudice Daher in any manner. We

affirm.

          Affirmed.

FRIEDLANDER, J., and MAY, J., concur.

                                              5