Court Opinion

ID: 2784033
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-03-04 20:05:26.748401+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:28:30.238964
License: Public Domain

Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 145

                 ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
                                         DIVISION I
                                        No. CV-14-265

DLC PROPERTIES, LLC d/b/a TWIN                     Opinion Delivered   March 4, 2015
LAKES PLAZA, LLC
                     APPELLANT                     APPEAL FROM THE BAXTER
                                                   COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
V.                                                 [NO. CV-2010-55-4]

                                                   HONORABLE GORDON WEBB,
CARMIKE CINEMAS, INC. and                          JUDGE
EASTWYNN THEATRES, INC.
                      APPELLEES                    REVERSED AND REMANDED ON
                                                   DIRECT APPEAL; CROSS-APPEAL
                                                   DISMISSED

                               DAVID M. GLOVER, Judge

       This appeal returns to the court following our order for rebriefing. DLC Props., LLC

v. Carmike Cinemas, Inc., 2014 Ark. App. 684. With the deficiency that necessitated

rebriefing cured, we now reach the merits of this appeal.

       This lawsuit arose out of a lease agreement that bound DLC Properties, LLC, d/b/a

Twin Lakes Plaza, LLC (DLC) and Carmike Cinemas, Inc., and Eastwynn Theatres, Inc.

(Carmike). On appeal, DLC argues that the trial court erred by denying its motion for

directed verdict on the claims of unlawful conversion and tortious interference with business

expectancy. DLC also contends that the trial court erred by denying its motion for new trial

because (1) the verdict violated the doctrine of election of remedies, (2) there was insufficient

evidence to support a finding of damages on the conversion claim, and (3) there was

insufficient evidence to support a finding of damages for the unlawful detainer and entry
                                 Cite as 2015 Ark. App. 145

claim. Carmike cross-appeals the trial court’s order denying its motion for attorneys’ fees.

Because we find that the trial court erred in refusing to grant DLC’s motion for directed

verdict on conversion, we grant the relief requested by DLC. We reverse and remand this

matter for a new trial and dismiss Carmike’s cross-appeal.

                                           I. Facts

       On July 25, 2008, DLC purchased a shopping mall located in Mountain Home,

Arkansas. The mall housed a movie theater that was leased and occupied by Carmike.

Carmike’s original lease began on August 18, 1977. The lease was for a term of twenty years

and included two five-year options to renew. Under these terms, Carmike’s lease would

have expired in 2008. However, Carmike and the former owner of the mall executed an

amendment to the lease in 1994. The 1994 amendment gave Carmike an additional five-

year extension on the lease—until December 31, 2013. At the time of the purchase, DLC’s

owners did not have actual knowledge of the 1994 amendment, and they erroneously

believed that Carmike was leasing the theater on a month-to-month basis.

       DLC purchased the mall with the understanding that improvements to the premises

were necessary. In September 2008, DLC began negotiations with Carmike regarding new

lease terms and a remodel of the premises; these negotiations lasted for several months. It was

not until the negotiations broke down that DLC learned of the 1994 amendment to

Carmike’s lease. Additionally, the negotiations revealed that Carmike was not paying the

amount of rent required by the 1994 amendment.

       On March 1, 2010, DLC locked Carmike out of the movie theater. The lock out

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lasted two-and-one-half days, and on March 3, 2010, Carmike filed the lawsuit that was the

source of the present appeal.

       Based upon these facts, Carmike sued DLC under the theories of forcible entry and

detainer, tortious interference with business expectancy, conversion of personal property, and

breach of contract. Carmike also sought punitive damages. DLC counterclaimed for

unlawful detainer and breach of contract.

       The case proceeded to jury trial on December 3–6, 2012. At the close of the

evidence, DLC moved for a directed verdict on the claims of tortious interference with

business expectancy and conversion. The trial court denied the motion, and the case was

submitted to the jury. The jury awarded Carmike $3000 for conversion, $5000 for forcible

entry, and $40,000 in punitive damages. The jury also found for Carmike on its claims for

breach of contract and tortious interference but declined to award damages for either claim.

Additionally, the jury found for DLC on its breach-of-contract claim and agreed that

Carmike was not paying the proper amount of rent but further concluded that DLC waived

its right to the proper payments. The trial court entered a judgment memorializing the jury’s

verdict, and DLC filed a timely notice of appeal of the judgment.

       Following the entry of the judgment, Carmike petitioned the trial court for attorneys’

fees and costs pursuant to Arkansas Code Annotated section 16-22-308 (Repl. 1999). The

trial court denied the motion, finding that neither party prevailed on the portion of this

lawsuit that involved contract issues. Carmike cross-appeals the order denying its petition

for attorneys’ fees.

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                                  II. DLC’s Direct Appeal

       DLC moved for a directed verdict on Carmike’s conversion and tortious-interference

claims. The trial court denied these motions, and the jury found in favor of Carmike on

both claims. It awarded $3000 for conversion and $0 for tortious interference. DLC

contends that the trial judge’s denial of these motions was reversible error.

       The standard of review of the denial of a motion for directed verdict is whether the

jury’s verdict is supported by substantial evidence. Med. Assurance Co., Inc. v. Castro, 2009
Ark. 93, at 3, 302 S.W.3d 592, 595 (quoting ConAgra Foods, Inc. v. Draper, 372 Ark. 361, 276
S.W.3d 244 (2008)). Substantial evidence is that which goes beyond suspicion or conjecture

and is sufficient to compel a conclusion one way or the other. Id. In determining whether

there is substantial evidence, the court views the evidence and all reasonable inferences

arising therefrom in the light most favorable to the party on whose behalf judgment was

entered. Id.

       In support of its conversion claim, Carmike only introduced evidence of gross revenue

to prove damages. Gross revenue alone is not substantial evidence of lost profits. Cinnamon

Valley Resort v. EMAC Enterprises, Inc., 89 Ark. App. 236, 202 S.W.3d 1 (2005). A party

need not show the exact amount of damages sustained. However, in proving anticipated

profits, a party must present a reasonably complete set of figures and not leave the jury to

speculate as to whether there could have been any profits. Jim Halsey Co., Inc. v. Bonar, 284
Ark. 461, 683 S.W.2d 898 (1985). Here, the only evidence presented to the jury regarding

conversion was Carmike’s gross revenue. Our case law is clear that this is insufficient

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evidence to support the jury’s verdict for conversion. Therefore, we find that the trial court

improperly denied the motion for directed verdict on Carmike’s conversion claim.

       As a related matter, we must discuss the jury’s award of $40,000 in punitive damages

to Carmike. In law cases, two issues may be so interwoven that an error with respect to one

requires a retrial of the whole case. Life & Cas. Ins. Co. of Tenn. v. Padgett, 241 Ark. 353, 407
S.W.2d 728 (1966). This case presents this situation. The jury’s verdict is unclear as to

which tort claim or claims caused the jury to assess punitive damages. It is hardly possible

that the jury did not take each cause of action into account when assessing punitive damages.

The only way in which we can with certainty protect the appellants from the possibility of

prejudice is to grant a new trial upon all issues. Id.

       Because we grant a new trial on all issues, we need not reach the merits of whether

the trial court improperly denied DLC’s motion for directed verdict on the tortious

interference claim nor do we address the propriety of the trial court’s denial of DLC’s motion

for new trial.

                                 III. Carmike’s Cross-Appeal

       Carmike cross-appealed the trial court’s finding that neither party prevailed on the

breach-of-contract issues in this lawsuit and its subsequent refusal to award attorneys’ fees

arising out of the contract claims. Because we reverse and remand this case for a new trial,

we cannot reach the merits of this issue at this time, and we, therefore, dismiss Carmike’s

cross-appeal.

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                                     IV. Conclusion

      For the foregoing reasons, we grant the relief requested by DLC and reverse and

remand for a new trial on direct appeal. Additionally, we dismiss Carmike’s cross-appeal.

      Reversed and remanded on direct appeal; cross-appeal dismissed.

      VIRDEN and GRUBER , JJ., agree.

      Grayson & Grayson, P.A., by: Keith L. Grayson and Melanie L. Grayson, for appellant.

      Trammell Law Firm, by: William D. Shelton, Jr., and Robert D. Trammell, for appellees.

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