Court Opinion

ID: 9373269
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-02-22 16:03:51.144795+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:41.222699
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                          MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     ROBERT A. FIELDS,                                 DOCKET NUMBER
                   Appellant,                          SF-0752-17-0022-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,                       DATE: October 31, 2022
                 Agency.

             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Brook L. Beesley, Alameda, California, for the appellant.

           Kathleen Marion Carr and Scott Wesley Hulbert, Boise, Idaho, for the
             agency.

                                             BEFORE

                                 Cathy A. Harris, Vice Chairman
                                   Raymond A. Limon, Member
                                    Tristan L. Leavitt, Member
                               Member Limon recused himself and
                       did not participate in the adjudication of this appeal.

                                         FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     dismissed his appeal of his allegedly involuntary retirement for lack of
     jurisdiction. Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only in the following

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                         2

     circumstances: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of material fact;
     the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation
     or the erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the administrative
     judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial decision
     were not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of discretion,
     and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and material
     evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due
     diligence, was not available when the record closed.        Title 5 of the Code of
     Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).             After fully
     considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not
     established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petitio n for review.
     Therefore, we DENY the petition for review. Except as expressly MODIFIED to
     supplement the initial decision’s discussion of the appellant’s reasonable
     accommodation arguments, we AFFIRM the initial decision.
¶2         The appellant asserts that he was forced to retire because a loud generator
     that he worked near was causing him a loss of hearing and the agency refused to
     provide him with a reasonable accommodation. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 5
     at 5-7; Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 3 at 2-6. An agency’s denial of a
     reasonable accommodation to an eligible employee is a factor to be considered in
     determining whether the agency coerced the employee’s resignation or retirement.
     Brown v. U.S. Postal Service, 115 M.S.P.R. 609, ¶ 16, aff’d, 469 F. App’x 852
     (Fed. Cir. 2011). Based at least in part on her observation of witnesses testifying
     at the hearing, the administrative judge found that, prior to his retirement, the
     appellant was offered reassignments that would have accommodated his concern
     about protecting his hearing ability. IAF, Tab 24, Initial Decision (ID) at 7-11.
     On review, the appellant has made no more than a bare assertion that the offered
     reassignments, which he declined to take, would have failed to protect his ability
     to hear. PFR File, Tab 3 at 4 n.3. Because we are aware of no sufficiently sound
     reasons for disturbing the administrative judge’s credibility findings, we affirm
                                                                                           3

     her conclusion that the agency offered the appellant reassignments that would
     have protected his sense of hearing. Haebe v. Department of Justice, 288 F.3d
     1288, 1301 (Fed. Cir. 2002); Voorhis v. Department of Homeland Security,
     116 M.S.P.R. 538, ¶ 18 (2011), aff’d, 474 F. App’x 778 (Fed. Cir. 2012).
¶3         We find that, assuming arguendo that the appellant may have been entitled
     to another form of reasonable accommodation that the agency failed to provide, 2
     he still had the option of safely continuing his employment by acceptin g any of
     the offered reassignments. See Brown, 115 M.S.P.R. 609, ¶ 17 (finding that the
     appellant’s performance with the agency, for more than 2 years after it denied her
     request for an accommodation, indicated that she had the option to continue
     working following the denial).      If the appellant believed that the agency was
     failing to provide him with a reasonable accommodation to wh ich he was entitled,
     then he also could have filed an equal employment opportunity complaint. See
     Axsom v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 110 M.S.P.R. 605, ¶ 17 (2009).
     Accordingly, we find that his decision to retire, rather than contest the agency’s
     actions in the appropriate forum, was voluntary. Id., ¶¶ 17-18.
¶4         The appellant also seems to argue that the agency’s violation of its own
     procedures constituted a failure to engage in the interactive process. 3 PFR File,

     2
       Reassignment to the next lower-level position for which an employee is qualified may
     constitute a reasonable accommodation if an equivalent position is unavailable.
     Gonzalez-Acosta v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 113 M.S.P.R. 277, ¶ 14 (2010). An
     agency’s reassignment obligation is not limited by geographical area, facility or
     personnel system. Id., ¶ 14 n.6. Thus, if the agency failed to conduct an appropriate
     search for an available equivalent position before offering the appellant a lower -level
     position, it may have overlooked a position to which he may have bee n entitled as a
     reasonable accommodation.
     3
       The administrative judge indicated that the appellant should have submitted a written
     request for an accommodation in order to enter “the official reasonable accommodation
     process.” ID at 11. However, although an employee must generally inform their
     agency when an accommodation is needed, such a request need not be in writing.
     White v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 120 M.S.P.R. 405, ¶ 15 n.6 (2013). Any error
     on this point, however, is immaterial to the outcome for the reasons set forth in this
     Final Order.
                                                                                        4

     Tab 3 at 2, 5-6. However, the refusal to engage in the interactive process alone
     does not constitute a failure to accommodate. Sanchez v. Department of Energy,
     117 M.S.P.R. 155, ¶ 18 (2011). Regardless, for the reasons set forth above, we
     find that any procedural error did not deprive the appellant of choice in the matter
     of his retirement. See Bean v. U.S. Postal Service, 120 M.S.P.R. 397, ¶ 8 (2013).
     Absent an otherwise appealable action, his claims of discrimination and
     procedural error are not an independent source of jurisdiction.         See Brown,
     115 M.S.P.R. 609, ¶ 10 (finding that the Board will consider allegations of
     discrimination and reprisal only insofar as those allegations relate to the issue of
     voluntariness and not whether they would establish discrimination or reprisal as
     an affirmative defense).
¶5         The appellant further argues that the administrative judge erred by not
     requiring the agency to provide, first, all of its discovery submissions in
     hardcopy, and, second, contact information for retired Federal employees noticed
     for deposition. PFR File, Tab 3 at 4; IAF, Tab 20 at 2, Tab 22 at 3-4. The
     administrative judge denied the appellant’s first request because he failed to
     timely file a motion to compel in accordance with the Board’s regulations . IAF,
     Tab 21 at 9; 5 C.F.R. §§ 1201.71, 1201.73. She denied the second request both
     because she found that the agency had properly responded to the appellant’s
     discovery requests, and because the appellant’s deadline to compel a further
     response had passed. IAF, Tab 21 at 7-9. Because on review the appellant makes
     no more than a conclusory assertion that the administrative judge erred in denying
     his requests and fails to show how any such error affected the outcome of the
     case, his argument does not establish a basis for granting the petition for review.
     See Vores v. Department of the Army, 109 M.S.P.R. 191, ¶ 14 (2008), aff’d,
     324 F. App’x 883 (Fed. Cir. 2009); 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115(c). For the reasons set
     forth above, except as expressly modified by this Final Order, we affirm the
     initial decision and dismiss this appeal for lack of jurisdiction.
                                                                                      5

                         NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 4
      The initial decision, as supplemented by this Final Order, constitutes the
Board’s final decision in this matter.      5 C.F.R. § 1201.113.      You may obtain
review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By statute, the nature of
your claims determines the time limit for seeking such review and the appropriate
forum with which to file. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b). Although we offer the following
summary of available appeal rights, the Merit Systems Protection Board does not
provide legal advice on which option is most appropriate for your situation an d
the rights described below do not represent a statement of how courts will rule
regarding which cases fall within their jurisdiction. If you wish to seek review of
this final decision, you should immediately review the law applicable to your
claims and carefully follow all filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file
within the applicable time limit may result in the dismissal of yo ur case by your
chosen forum.
      Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review
below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions
about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you
should contact that forum for more information.

      (1) Judicial review in general. As a general rule, an appellant seeking
judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court
within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision.              5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(A).

4
  Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated
the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the
Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.
                                                                                         6

      If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal   Circuit,   you   must   submit    your   petition    to   the   court   at   the
following address:
                              U.S. Court of Appeals
                              for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                             Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of partic ular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

      (2) Judicial   or    EEOC    review     of   cases      involving    a   claim    of
discrimination. This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you
were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action
was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain
judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination
claims—by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court (not the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you
receive this decision.      5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems
Protection Board, 582 U.S. ____ , 137 S. Ct. 1975 (2017).                 If you have a
representative in this case, and your representative receives this decision before
you do, then you must file with the district court no later than 30 calendar days
after your representative receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of
                                                                                  7

discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling
condition, you may be entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and
to waiver of any requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security. See
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.
      Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at the ir respective
websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.
      Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding
all other issues. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the
EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive
this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, t hen you must file
with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives
this decision.
      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the
address of the EEOC is:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                  P.O. Box 77960
                             Washington, D.C. 20013

      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or
by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                 131 M Street, N.E.
                                   Suite 5SW12G
                             Washington, D.C. 20507

      (3) Judicial    review   pursuant    to   the   Whistleblower     Protection
Enhancement Act of 2012. This option applies to you only if you have raised
claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or
                                                                                      8

other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).
If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s
disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in
section 2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or
2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial
review either with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court
of appeals of competent jurisdiction. 5 The court of appeals must receive your
petition for review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision.
5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(B).
      If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the
following address:
                               U.S. Court of Appeals
                               for the Federal Circuit
                              717 Madison Place, N.W.
                              Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourt s.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The

5
   The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain
whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on
December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on
July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file petitions for judicial review of
MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.
The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to November 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115 -195,
132 Stat. 1510.
                                                                             9

Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.
      Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their
respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx.

FOR THE BOARD:                                    /s/ for
                                          Jennifer Everling
                                          Acting Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.