Court Opinion

ID: 810742
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2012-10-23 20:19:01+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:00:38.956741
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION                               OCT 23 2012

                                                                         MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        U .S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                        No. 11-50193

              Plaintiff - Appellee,              D.C. No. 3:01-cr-03177-W-2

  v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM *
MARK STEPHEN FORRESTER,

              Defendant - Appellant.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Southern District of California
                Thomas J. Whelan, Senior District Judge, Presiding

                           Submitted October 11, 2012 **
                               Pasadena, California

Before: KLEINFELD and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges, and QUIST, Senior
District Judge.***

        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
        **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
        ***
             The Honorable Gordon J. Quist, Senior District Judge for the U.S.
District Court for Western Michigan, sitting by designation.
      Mark Stephen Forrester appeals his conviction and sentence for conspiracy

to manufacture and distribute ecstasy in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 846, 841(a)(1).

He raises two arguments. We address each in turn and affirm.

      We review de novo the district court’s decision to preclude Forrester from

presenting the defense that ecstasy should not be a Schedule I controlled substance.

United States v. Forrester, 616 F.3d 929, 934 (9th Cir. 2010) [Forrester II].

Forrester II has already decided this issue, holding that “substantive collateral

attacks on permanent scheduling orders are impermissible in criminal cases where

defendants’ sentences will be determined by those scheduling orders.” Id. at 937.

Forrester II is the law of the circuit and the law of the case. See Gonzalez v.

Arizona, 677 F.3d 383, 389 n.4 (9th Cir. 2012) (en banc). All of Forrester’s

controlled substance scheduling arguments, including this one, were either decided

explicitly or addressed by necessary implication in Forrester II. See United States

v. Lummi Indian Tribe, 235 F.3d 443, 452 (9th Cir. 2000).

      We review factual findings related to the estimated yield of seized drug-

making materials for clear error. Forrester II, 616 F.3d at 935. The district court

found the government’s expert credible, and chose not to believe Forrester’s

                                           2
calculations. It did not clearly err in accepting the government’s ecstasy yield

estimates instead of Forrester’s, nor did it ignore Forrester II’s instruction to select

a calculation bringing less punishment when presented with two equally good

measures. See id. at 949.

AFFIRMED.

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