Court Opinion

ID: 3005101
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-28 17:00:46.244045+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:45:58.769392
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     MICHAEL W. ESTER,                               DOCKET NUMBER
                   Appellant,                        AT-0831-15-0435-I-1

                  v.

     OFFICE OF PERSONNEL                             DATE: September 28, 2015
       MANAGEMENT,
                   Agency.

             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Michael W. Ester, Old Hickory, Tennessee, pro se.

           Karla W. Yeakle, Washington, D.C., for the agency.

                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member

                                       FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision which
     affirmed the reconsideration decision of the Office of Personnel Management
     (OPM) that found he was ineligible to provide a Civil Service Retirement System
     (CSRS) survivor annuity benefit to his current spouse.          Generally, we grant

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
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     petitions such as this one only when:      the initial decision contains erroneous
     findings of material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous
     interpretation of statute or regulation or the erroneous application of the law to
     the facts of the case; the judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or
     the initial decision were not consistent with required procedures or involved an
     abuse of discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or
     new and material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the
     petitioner’s due diligence, was not available when the record closed. See Title 5
     of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).
     After fully considering the filings in this appeal, and based on the following
     points and authorities, we conclude that the petitioner has not established any
     basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review. Therefore, we
     DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision, which is now the
     Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).
¶2        The record reflects that the appellant retired from Federal service in
     November 2002 with a CSRS retirement annuity.           Initial Appeal File (IAF),
     Tab 5. When he retired, he elected to provide a survivor annuity to his wife. Id.
     On January 25, 2010, the appellant advised OPM that his wife passed away on
     January 15, 2010. Id. The appellant remarried on December 4, 2010. In a letter
     postmarked May 29, 2014, the appellant asked OPM to assign a survivor annuity
     to his current wife. IAF, Tabs 5, 8. OPM’s initial and reconsideration decisions
     denied the appellant’s request, finding that his written request was submitted after
     the statutory 2-year period following his remarriage had expired and, thus, it was
     untimely. IAF, Tab 5.
¶3        The appellant filed this appeal challenging OPM’s reconsideration decision.
     IAF, Tab 1. After holding the requested hearing, the administrative judge found
     that the appellant failed to prove that he timely elected a survivor annuity within
     the 2-year period following his 2010 marriage to his current spouse. IAF, Tab 10,
     Initial Decision (ID) at 4.    The administrative judge further found that the
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     appellant failed to establish grounds for a waiver of the 2-year deadline to elect a
     CSRS annuity for his current spouse. Id. Thus, the administrative judge affirmed
     OPM’s reconsideration decision. Id.
¶4        The burden of proving entitlement to a survivor annuity is on the applicant
     for benefits.   Cheeseman v. Office of Personnel Management, 791 F.2d 138,
     140-41 (Fed. Cir. 1986), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 1037 (1987). To meet this burden
     here, the appellant must show that he elected to provide a survivor annuity for his
     spouse “in a signed writing received” by OPM within 2 years after his marriage.
     5 U.S.C.   § 8339(k)(2)A);    see   Lee v.   Office   of   Personnel   Management,
     118 M.S.P.R. 604, ¶ 4 (2012).       In addition, the Board has recognized three
     possible bases for waiving a filing deadline prescribed by statute or regulation:
     (1) the statute or regulation may provide for a waiver under specified
     circumstances; (2) an agency’s affirmative misconduct may preclude enforcement
     of the deadline under the doctrine of equitable estoppel; and (3) an agency’s
     failure to provide a notice of rights and the applicable filing deadline, where such
     notice is required by statute or regulation, may warrant waiver of the deadline.
     Perez Peraza v. Office of Personnel Management, 114 M.S.P.R. 457, ¶ 7 (2010).
¶5        Concerning the third basis, OPM is required to send notice to all retirees, on
     an annual basis, informing them of their survivor annuity election rights. See
     Mroz v. Office of Personnel Management, 71 M.S.P.R. 299, 301 (1996). OPM
     bears the burden of proving that the notice was sent as well as proving the
     contents of the notice. Cerilli v. Office of Personnel Management, 119 M.S.P.R.
     404, ¶ 7 (2013).   Our reviewing court has found that OPM may establish by
     preponderant evidence that it sent the notice by submitting the affidavit of the
     OPM official responsible for printing and distributing retirement forms and
     notices, which discusses how notices were prepared by the automated computer
     system and averring that “‘[g]eneral notices regarding survivor elections were
     sent to all annuitants’ and that, as a result of the procedures OPM followed, ‘a
     notice was sent to each and every annuitant on [OPM’s] rolls at the time of each
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     mailing.’”   Schoemakers v. Office of Personnel Management, 180 F.3d 1377,
     1381 (Fed. Cir. 1999) (alterations in the original). If OPM can establish through
     credible evidence that it is more probable than not that it sent the notice, the
     burden of going forward falls upon the appellant, who must put forth credible
     testimony or other evidence tending to support his contention that the annuitant
     did not receive the notice.     Id.   The administrative judge then must decide
     whether to credit the appellant’s evidence of nonreceipt and whether such
     evidence overcomes the presumption that the annuitant received the notice. See
     Hathaway v. Office of Personnel Management, 118 M.S.P.R. 678, ¶ 9 (2012).
¶6        On review, the appellant does not challenge the administrative judge’s
     finding that his request to elect a survivor annuity for his current spouse was
     untimely, but instead he reasserts that the 2-year filing deadline should be waived
     because he did not receive OPM’s annual notice. Petition for Review (PFR) File,
     Tab 1.   Specifically, he asserts that he had already moved from his home on
     Shadow Lane where OPM mailed the annual notice in 2011. The appellant also
     asserts that the second notice mailed to him in 2012 was more than 2 years after
     his second marriage and that, even if he had filed a request at that time, it still
     would have been untimely filed. Id. To support his argument that he no longer
     owned the house on Shadow Lane when OPM mailed the annual notice in
     December 2011, the appellant attached copies of sales documents for that house
     dated August 28, 2011. 2 Id.
¶7        The appellant reasserts that the statutory filing deadline should be waived
     because he did not receive OPM’s annual notice of the 2-year filing deadline to

     2
       We note that OPM has filed a response in which it attempts to clarify the dates on
     which the annual notices were sent to the appellant, and it asserts that the record
     contains a copy of the 2010 annual notice which was mailed to the appellant’s house on
     Shadow Lane in December 2010, after he married his current spouse and prior to his
     selling that house. PFR File, Tab 4 at 5. OPM also argues that, to the extent the
     appellant asserts that he did not receive the 2011 notice because he moved, the
     appellant is responsible for notifying OPM of any address change, and filing a
     forwarding address with his post office. PFR File, Tab 4.
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     elect a survivor annuity for his spouse, but OPM submitted an affidavit from the
     administrator of the OPM contract for printing and distribution forms and notices
     stating that general notices were sent to all annuitants, in each of the years from
     1989 through 2012, as well as a copy of the notice OPM claims was sent. IAF,
     Tab 5 at 9-15. Although the appellant submitted documents for the first time on
     review reflecting that he sold his home prior to the December 2011 annual notice,
     OPM’s affidavit shows that an annual notice was mailed to him in
     December 2010. Id. Thus, the appellant received notice in the same month that
     he married his current spouse. Id. Further, to the extent that the appellant asserts
     that he did not receive the December 2011 notice, it is the appellant’s
     responsibility to notify OPM of any address change.          Id. at 12, 14.   Because
     OPM’s evidence shows that it sent the appellant written notices explaining his
     survivor annuity election options each year after he retired in accordance with
     5 C.F.R. § 831.681, the administrative judge correctly affirmed OPM’s decision
     that the appellant is not entitled to a waiver of the statutory filing deadline.
¶8         Accordingly, because the appellant has not met the statutory requirements
     to elect a survivor annuity for his spouse, we conclude that the administrative
     judge correctly affirmed OPM’s reconsideration decision.               See Office of
     Personnel Management v. Richmond, 496 U.S. 414, 416, 434 (1990) (the Board
     cannot order payment of retirement benefits when the statutory conditions for
     such benefits have not been met).

                      NOTICE TO THE APPELLANT REGARDING
                         YOUR FURTHER REVIEW RIGHTS
           You have the right to request review of this final decision by the
     United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. You must submit your
     request to the court at the following address:
                                United States Court of Appeals
                                    for the Federal Circuit
                                  717 Madison Place, N.W.
                                   Washington, DC 20439
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     The court must receive your request for review no later than 60 calendar
days after the date of this order.    See 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(1)(A) (as rev. eff.
Dec. 27, 2012). If you choose to file, be very careful to file on time. The court
has held that normally it does not have the authority to waive this statutory
deadline and that filings that do not comply with the deadline must be dismissed.
See Pinat v. Office of Personnel Management, 931 F.2d 1544 (Fed. Cir. 1991).
     If you need further information about your right to appeal this decision to
court, you should refer to the federal law that gives you this right. It is found in
Title 5 of the United States Code, section 7703 (5 U.S.C. § 7703) (as rev. eff.
Dec. 27, 2012).    You may read this law as well as other sections of the
United States Code, at our website, http://www.mspb.gov/appeals/uscode.htm.
Additional     information     is    available      at       the       court’s     website,
www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se
Petitioners and Appellants,” which is contained within the court’s Rules of
Practice, and Forms 5, 6, and 11.
     If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to the
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website
at   http://www.mspb.gov/probono       for     information         regarding     pro   bono
representation for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal
Circuit. The Merit Systems Protection Board neither endorses the services
provided by any attorney nor warrants that any attorney will accept representation
in a given case.

FOR THE BOARD:                               ______________________________
                                             William D. Spencer
                                             Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.