Court Opinion

ID: 3080728
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-16 01:52:47.681568+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:34:10.117627
License: Public Domain

IN THE
                         TENTH COURT OF APPEALS

                                No. 10-11-00443-CR

QUINTON DEONDRAE HENRY,
                                                          Appellant
v.

THE STATE OF TEXAS,
                                                          Appellee

                          From the 54th District Court
                           McLennan County, Texas
                          Trial Court No. 2011-1922-C2

                         MEMORANDUM OPINION

      Appellant, Quinton Deondrae Henry, was charged by indictment with one count

of murder, a first-degree felony, and five counts of aggravated assault with a deadly

weapon, a second-degree felony. See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. §§ 19.02, 22.02 (West 2011).

On appeal, Henry challenges two of his aggravated-assault-with-a-deadly-weapon

convictions. We reverse Henry’s convictions in Counts 2 and 5 of the indictment and

render judgments of acquittal in those counts; we affirm Henry’s remaining convictions.
                           I.     BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION

       Counts 2 and 3 of the indictment alleged the same offense—aggravated assault

with a deadly weapon—occurring on the same date and involving the same victim—

Latoya Hamilton. The only difference between these two counts is the manner and

means in which the alleged offenses were committed. Counts 4 and 5 of the indictment

also allege the same offense—aggravated assault with a deadly weapon—occurring on

the same date and involving the same victim—Jamie Toney. And, once again, the only

difference between these two counts is the manner and means in which the alleged

offenses were committed.

       On appeal, Henry argues that the Double Jeopardy Clause to the Fifth

Amendment of the United States Constitution was violated in this case because Counts

2 and 3 allege the same offense, involve the same victim, and differ only in the manner

and means in which each offense was committed, and because section 22.02 of the Texas

Henry v. State                                                                   Page 2
Penal Code “has only one ‘allowable unit of prosecution’ for each victim.” 1 Henry

makes identical arguments with respect to Counts 4 and 5 of the indictment.2

        The State concedes that Counts 2 and 3 and Counts 4 and 5 violate the Double

Jeopardy Clause. See U.S. CONST. amend. V. As such, the State requests that we reverse

Henry’s convictions in Counts 2 and 5, vacate Henry’s sentences in Counts 2 and 5, and

affirm the remaining four convictions in Counts 1, 3, 4, and 6. After reviewing the

record, we agree that Counts 2 and 3 and Counts 4 and 5 violated the Double Jeopardy

Clause, see id.; accordingly, we sustain Henry’s issue on appeal.

                                              II.     CONCLUSION

        Having sustained Henry’s issue on appeal, we reverse and render judgments of

acquittal as to Counts 2 and 5 of the indictment and affirm all remaining counts. See

        1
          See U.S. CONST. amend. V (providing that no person “shall . . . be subject for the same offence to
be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb . . .“); TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 22.02 (West 2011); McCrary v. State,
327 S.W.3d 165, 176 (Tex. App.—Texarkana 2010, no pet.) (recognizing that: (1) we examine the allowable
unit of prosecution, which is defined by the Legislature and determines if one course of conduct results in
more than one offense; (2) usually analysis of an allowable unit of prosecution involves a situation in
which two offenses from the same statutory section are charged; and (3) “[t]he allowable unit of
prosecution for an assaultive offense is each victim” (citing Bigon v. State, 252 S.W.3d 360, 371-72 (Tex.
Crim. App. 2008); Ex parte Cavazos, 203 S.W.3d 333, 337 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006); Hawkins v. State, 6 S.W.3d
554, 560 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999) (internal quotations omitted))); see also Johnson v. State, No. PD-0068-11,
2012 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 479, *16 (Tex. Crim. App. Mar. 21, 2012) (noting that double-jeopardy
jurisprudence requires the determination of the “allowable unit of prosecution,” which constitutes the
focus or gravamen of the offense, and that “[t]he aggravated assault offense at issue is a result-of-conduct
crime with the focus or gravamen being the victim and the bodily injury that was inflicted”).

        2 Henry admits in his appellate brief that he did not object or file a pre-trial motion raising the
issue of double jeopardy. However, “[a]ppellate courts have the jurisdiction and authority to review
unassigned error.” Bigon, 252 S.W.3d at 369. “In the case of a double-jeopardy violation, the issue may be
addressed as an unassigned error when the violation is apparent from the face of the record.” Id.; see
Rangel v. State, 179 S.W.3d 64, 70 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2005, pet. ref’d) (“However, an appellant may
raise a double jeopardy claim for the first time on appeal (1) when the undisputed facts show the double
jeopardy claim violation is clearly apparent from the face of the record, and (2) when enforcement of the
usual rules of procedural default serve no legitimate state purpose.”). It is undisputed that the errors
Henry complains about are apparent from the face of the record. See Bigon, 252 S.W.3d at 369; see also
Rangel, 179 S.W.3d at 70.

Henry v. State                                                                                        Page 3
Bigon v. State, 252 S.W.3d 360, 372 (Tex. Crim. App. 2008) (“When a defendant is

subjected to multiple punishments for the same conduct, the remedy is to affirm the

conviction for the most serious offense and vacate the other convictions.”) (citing Ex

parte Cavazos, 203 S.W.3d 333, 337 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006); Landers v. State, 957 S.W.2d
558, 559-60 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997)).

                                               AL SCOGGINS
                                               Justice

Before Chief Justice Gray,
       Justice Davis, and
       Justice Scoggins
Affirmed, in part, and reversed and rendered, in part
Opinion delivered and filed June 27, 2012
Do not publish
[CRPM]

Henry v. State                                                                   Page 4