Court Opinion

ID: 2731693
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-09-10 15:03:08.159172+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T10:01:36.943332
License: Public Domain

Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 455

                 ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
                                       DIVISION II
                                      No. CV-13-1069

TIMOTHY W. BROWN                                  Opinion Delivered   September 10, 2014
                               APPELLANT
                                                  APPEAL FROM THE BOONE
V.                                                COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
                                                  [NO. DR2010-582-1]

LOU ANN BROWN and STATE OF                        HONORABLE SHAWN A.
ARKANSAS OFFICE OF CHILD                          WOMACK, JUDGE
SUPPORT ENFORCEMENT
                     APPELLEES                    AFFIRMED AS MODIFIED

                           PHILLIP T. WHITEAKER, Judge

       Timothy W. Brown filed this pro se appeal of a Boone County Circuit Court order

reducing his child-support arrearages to a judgment. In essence, the issue before us is whether

the circuit court erred in awarding a sum total of $13,139.40 in arrears from March 2009

through April 2013.

       Our standard of review for an appeal from a child-support order is de novo on the

record, and we will not reverse a finding of fact by the circuit court unless it is clearly

erroneous. Hall v. Hall, 2013 Ark. 330, 429 S.W.3d 219. In reviewing a circuit court’s

findings, we give due deference to that court’s superior position to determine the credibility

of the witnesses and the weight to be accorded to their testimony. Id. As a rule, when the

amount of child support is at issue, we will not reverse the circuit court absent an abuse of

discretion. Id. However, a circuit court’s conclusion of law is given no deference on appeal.

Id. Based on this standard, we affirm as modified.
                                 Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 455

       This case originated as a divorce action filed in the Pulaski County Circuit Court in

2008. In March 2009, the court entered a temporary order directing Mr. Brown to pay child

support in the amount of $102 a week based on an imputed net income of $500 a week.

       In December 2010, the Pulaski County Circuit Court entered a final decree granting

the Browns a divorce, but the court transferred all issues related to the minor child, including

issues of support, to the circuit court of Boone County. This transfer was necessary because

a dependency-neglect action involving the Browns’ minor child had been initiated in Boone

County during the pendency of the divorce proceedings.1 Upon transfer, the issues of child

support were then litigated in Boone County.

       In May 2013, Mr. Brown filed a motion to modify child support. The Office of Child

Support Enforcement (OCSE) responded and countered with a motion for judgment on

arrears. In August 2013, the Boone County Circuit Court entered an order granting Mr.

Brown’s motion to modify his order of support and granting OCSE’s motion for judgment

on arrears. He appeals this order, challenging only the trial court’s decision granting judgment

on arrears. He argues two points for reversal. First, he argues that the March 2009 temporary

order of support entered by the Pulaski County Circuit Court was extinguished by the

initiation of the Boone County dependency-neglect action in October 2009 when the minor

child was removed from the home. Second, he argues that the trial court erred in imputing

an income to him over and above his actual income of $25 a week.

       1
      The minor child was ultimately reunited with her mother. and the
dependency-neglect action was closed.

                                               2
                                Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 455

       To address Mr. Brown’s first argument, we must begin by determining the duration

of the March 2009 temporary order of support. Our law is clear that an order of support

issued by a court of competent jurisdiction remains in force until modified or set aside by a

subsequent order or decree, or until it has been extinguished by operation of law under the

limited circumstances set forth in Ark. Code Ann. § 9-14-237 (Repl. 2009).2 Ark. Code

Ann. § 9-14-234(a), (b) (Repl. 2009); Ark. Code Ann. § 9-12-314 (Repl. 2009). Because

Mr. Brown does not contend that the temporary order automatically terminated under any

of the circumstances set forth in section 9-14-237, our review is limited to a determination

of whether the March 2009 order was terminated by a subsequent order of the court.

       Mr. Brown contends that the Boone County Circuit Court erred in finding that the

March 2009 temporary order of support issued in Pulaski County terminated upon transfer

of the case to Boone County. We agree.3 The December 2010 order at issue did not modify

or set aside the March 2009 temporary order of support. Instead, it did nothing more than

transfer the case to Boone County. Accordingly, the March 2009 order of support remained

in effect until it was actually modified in August 2013.4

       2
        That statute provides termination of child support by operation of law in limited
circumstances to include the child reaching the age of majority, the child becoming
emancipated or marrying, the child being adopted, the child dying, or the parents of the
child remarrying.
       3
        Mr. Brown’s assertion that the temporary order of support expired upon the initiation
of the dependency-neglect action is incorrect for the same reason.
       4
        We note that the Boone County Circuit Court entered a temporary order of support
in February 2012. However, that order did not modify or set aside the March 2009 order.
It simply continued the payments previously ordered by the Pulaski County Circuit Court
while discovery was ongoing.

                                              3
                                Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 455

       The trial court’s error in this regard, however, was harmless. While the court

erroneously determined that the temporary order of support ended in December 2010

(thereby creating a nonexistent gap in support), the court set retroactive support during the

gap period at an amount equal to the award in the temporary order. Thus, the court’s

calculation of arrearages is mathematically the same under either scenario.

       As to Mr. Brown’s argument that the trial court erred in imputing an income to him

over and above his actual income of $25 a week, we find no error.               Under these

circumstances, the trial court was not permitted to reconsider the imputation of income. We

note that the trial court granted Mr. Brown’s motion to modify, and Mr. Brown does not

challenge the modification.5      Rather, he challenges only the trial court’s failure to

retroactively modify his support payments and the entry of the judgments on arrears.

However, the law does not allow for retroactive modification under these circumstances.

Because the Pulaski County Circuit Court did not reserve the issue of retroactive

modification when it entered its March 2009 temporary order, such modification was

unavailable to the Boone County Circuit Court in 2013. See Hawkins v. Hawkins, 2013 Ark.

App. 330 (holding that retroactive modification of temporary orders of support available only

when the issue has been reserved in the temporary order). As a result, the trial court was

       5
        Mr. Brown argues for the first time in his reply brief that the trial court
acknowledged an error in the imputation of income by virtue of its decision to reduce his
child support prospectively and that by finding a material change in circumstances it
committed clear error in failing to retroactively modify his support payments. This court will
not address arguments raised for the first time in a reply brief because the appellee is not
given a chance to rebut the argument. Evangelical Lutheran Good Samaritan Soc’y v. Kolesar,
2014 Ark. 279.

                                              4
                                  Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 455

bound by the statutes, which only allow for retroactive modification back to the date of the

filing of the motion for modification. See Ark. Code Ann. § 9-14-234(a), (b) (Repl. 2009);

Ark. Code Ann. § 9-12-314 (Repl. 2009). That is precisely what the court did here. Because

the trial court was unable to retroactively modify the child-support payments, the imputation

issue was moot.

       Because the trial court reached the right result, even if for the wrong reason, we affirm

as modified. See Courtyard Gardens Health & Rehab., LLC v. Quarles, 2013 Ark. 228, 428

S.W.3d 437 (An appellate court may affirm an order of a circuit court if it reached the right

result, even if it is for the wrong reason.).

       GLADWIN, C.J., and PITTMAN, J., agree.

       Timothy W. Brown, pro se appellant.

       Linda Lamb, Office of Child Support Enforcement, for appellee.

                                                5