Court Opinion

ID: 4559460
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-08-26 21:00:27.906944+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:27:38.879245
License: Public Domain

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                                                                                                         JUNE 7 , 2016

                                                                                                         1N COURT OF
                                                                                                  \\ ORKERS ' COI\IPE NSATION
                                                                                                           CLAIMS

                                                                                                           Tin1e: 1:27 PM

               TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION
              IN THE COURT OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION CLAIMS
                               AT JACKSON

JERRY COLEMAN,                                             )   Docket No.: 2015-07-0445
         Employee,                                        )
v.                                                        )    State File Number: 97922-2015
ARMSTRONG HARDWOOD                                        )
FLOORING,                                                 )    Judge Allen Phillips
         Employer,                                        )
And                                                       )
AGRI GENERAL INS. CO.,                                    )
         Insurance Carrier.                               )

              EXPEDITED HEARING ORDER FOR MEDICAL BENEFITS

       This matter came before the undersigned Workers' Compensation Judge on May
31, 2016, upon the Request for Expedited Hearing filed by the employee, Jerry Coleman,
pursuant to Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-239 (20 15). Mr. Coleman seeks
medical benefits, specifically a panel of physicians to evaluate an alleged hearing loss.
The employer, Armstrong Hardwood Flooring, contends Mr. Coleman did not provide
proper notice of his injury and that he failed to establish a causal connection between his
hearing loss and his employment at Armstrong. 1 Accordingly, the central legal issues are:
1) whether Mr. Coleman provided adequate notice of his claim and, 2) if so, is he entitled
to a panel of physicians. For the reasons set forth below, the Court finds Mr. Coleman
provided proper notice of his alleged hearing loss and that he is entitled to a panel of
physicians. 2

1 Armstrong also asserted Mr. Coleman had not sustained any permanent vocational disability and that he
"voluntarily retired." The issues regarding entitlement to and the extent of permanent disability benefits are not at
issue in this Expedited Hearing.
2
  The Court has attached a complete listing of the technical record and exhibits admitted at the Expedited Hearing to
this Order as an appendix.

                                                          1
                                     History of Claim

        Mr. Coleman is a sixty-two-year-old resident of Madison County, Tennessee. He
completed the eighth grade. His work history consists of farming, concrete work, driving
trucks, and working in factories, including two stints at Armstrong. His first period of
employment spanned November 8, 1996, through November 20, 2009, when Mr.
Coleman worked as a material handler. This position included him having to drive a
"dump truck" near a machine that pulverized waste wood into saw dust. Mr. Coleman
testified the machine, what he called "the hog," was "a big 'ole machine" that was "real,
real loud." He testified he worked near the machine for all of his first thirteen years at
Armstrong. After leaving Armstrong in 2009, Mr. Coleman drove semi-trucks.

       When Mr. Coleman returned for his second stint at Armstrong, a time that spanned
May 6 2013, to June 16, 2015, he again worked near "the hog." He also worked a job that
required him to "feed" wood into a sanding machine. He testified the "hog" machine was
outside the plant; the sanding machine was inside. He claimed he wore hearing protection
at Armstrong but admitted his ear plugs would "fall out" on occasion but, when they did,
he would obtain replacement plugs.

       Over his years at Armstrong, he noticed a "lot of winding" in his ears that kept
him awake at night. Mr. Coleman testified that, at some time while still employed with
Armstrong, he "talked to Mr. Stepp" regarding his hearing issues. Mr. Coleman testified
he spoke only to Mr. Stepp because he was the Armstrong employee responsible for
workers' compensation. Mr. Stepp "sat down with [him] and [they] filled out some
papers." Mr. Stepp was to "send [him] to someone" to "get [his hearing] checked"; Mr.
Stepp never did so.

       Mr. Coleman voluntarily left Armstrong on June 16, 2015. He now draws Social
Security retirement benefits. At the time of the hearing, Mr. Coleman testified his
hearing, "really ain't that good." His right ear is now, as it has been, much worse than the
left.

       On cross-examination, Mr. Coleman admitted working in trucking, farming,
construction, and factories during his working life. He also responded to extensive
questioning regarding periodic medical treatment, beginning in 2007, and extending to
2013, for problems with ear infections and ringing in his ears. Mr. Coleman could not
remember the details of specific visits to health care providers, but described ongoing
problems with his sinuses that affected his ears. He sought care during both his time at
Armstrong and when he was employed elsewhere.

      Armstrong confronted Mr. Coleman with a report from a pre-employment physical
examination performed before his second stint at Armstrong. When asked about his
answers contained in the "Audiometric Examination" section of the report, Armstrong

                                             2
established someone answered affirmatively to questions regarding whether Mr. Coleman
was exposed to firearms, loud music, "noisy" jobs, and whether he experienced ringing in
the ears, ear wax build-up, and hearing "better in one ear than in the other." (Ex. 1 at 6.)
Mr. Coleman denied providing the affirmative responses regarding exposure to firearms
or loud music; he did not contest the other responses. The report noted a rating of "good"
in response to "how do you rate your hearing?" Mr. Coleman admitted signing the form
but denied he wrote or personally marked any answers. He also noted other positive
responses were correct, such as whether he had treatment for hypertension and that he
needed glasses. He did not recall reading the form, but admitted it contained a statement
that, by signing the form, he certified all answers were true and correct.

      Upon redirect examination, Mr. Coleman noted the handwritten information on the
form was not in his handwriting. The information indicated, among other findings, that he
had no "hearing impairment." (Ex. 1 at 3.)

        Armstrong offered a "Hearing Test History," which memorialized the results of
Mr. Coleman's hearing tests during his employment at Armstrong. (Ex. 4.) It also offered
Mr. Coleman's last hearing tests from November 4, 2014. (Ex. 3.) The last hearing test
showed the following: severe hearing loss at high pitch sounds and moderate hearing
loss in the speech range in the right ear, and moderate hearing loss with high pitch sounds
and mild hearing loss in the speech range for the left ear. The report noted a "Standard
Threshold Shift," indicating a change in his "baseline test." Mr. Coleman signed the form
but does not know what the test results "mean." Armstrong offered no evidence of
anyone providing Mr. Coleman an interpretation of the results at the time.

       Armstrong offered medical records from the Jackson Clinic that recorded Mr.
Coleman's long-standing treatment from clinic providers. Armstrong pointed specifically
to records beginning in 2007 and going forward as having a bearing on the hearing issues.
The records are quite voluminous. 3 However, upon review, the Court did note many
references to ear infections and ear pain.

       Armstrong questioned Mr. Coleman regarding when he became aware of his
hearing loss. At the Expedited Hearing, Armstrong confronted Mr. Coleman with his
deposition testimony that he "never really noticed" any hearing loss until he left
Armstrong. Specifically, Mr. Coleman stated he saw a television advertisement of his
attorney regarding hearing loss and it was then he related the hearing loss to his time at
Armstrong. When confronted with the apparent contradiction between talking to Mr.
Stepp in 2015 as opposed to the time he saw the television ad, Mr. Coleman maintained
his position that he told Mr. Stepp of his hearing loss. He repeatedly did so. Additionally,

3
 The Court notes many records predating 2007, the purported relevant time frame. Also, as pointed out by the Court
at the hearing, the parties did not sequentially number the records as required by Rule 0800-02-21-.16(6)(c) (20 15)
of the Tennessee Compilation Rules and Regulations. The Court admonishes that the party offering the records
should do so in the future or risk the Court refusing to consider the evidence.

                                                         3
when confronting Mr. Coleman with his deposition testimony on cross-examination,
Armstrong revealed:

       Because on page 95 I asked you, "And so, before seeing that TV
       commercial you hadn't reported a work injury, anything about your hearing
       to anybody at Armstrong?"
       Answer:      I had it [sic] reported to Armstrong.
       Question:    Before November you had?
       Answer:       Well, what I'm saying, he was to do something.

        Mr. William Stepp, Environmental Health and Safety Coordinator, testified for
Armstrong. He explained Armstrong follows an OSHA-compliant hearing protection
program that requires employees to wear hearing protection and submit to routine hearing
tests. He does not recall Mr. Coleman speaking to him regarding his hearing loss but does
not deny it happened; he simply does not recall. If Mr. Coleman reported any hearing
loss, then Mr. Stepp would have completed a report according to Armstrong's protocol
for handling workers' compensation claims. His recollection was that a call from the
Bureau regarding the filing of a Petition for Benefit Determination (PBD) was his first
knowledge of Mr. Coleman claiming hearing loss. However, he does not recall when he
received the call.

       Mr. Stepp confirmed Mr. Coleman worked around the "hog" machine. The
audiometric testing performed near the machine indicated a noise level of such magnitude
that employees should wear hearing protection when around it. Both the material
handlers and sander/feeder jobs required employees to wear hearing protection.

      Mr. Stepp testified any "shift" reported on a hearing test was to be discussed with
the employee but he does not know what was told to Mr. Coleman. On cross-
examination, Mr. Stepp stated he could not interpret hearing test results and, agreed Mr.
Coleman also was not qualified to interpret such results. He confirmed the 2013 pre-
employment physical contained no indication of hearing issues.

       Ms. Pat McKnight testified she worked for Armstrong in Human Resources. She
confirmed Mr. Coleman voluntarily quit Armstrong on both occasions. (Exs. 5, 6, 9 and
10.) She also produced job descriptions for both the "Material Handler" and
"Sander/Feeder" positions. (Ex. 7 and 8.) She was unaware of any report by Mr. Coleman
of a hearing loss.

       Based upon this evidence, Mr. Coleman argued he is entitled to a panel of
physicians to evaluate his hearing loss. In 2015, he told Mr. Stepp he was aware of
hearing issues and this provided Armstrong the required notice under law. At this point,
because there is no medical proof, any hearing test is "irrelevant." A physician must
address the degree of hearing loss and its cause.

                                           4
       Armstrong countered that Mr. Coleman worked in other employments over his
working life, including construction and other factories; he was employed at Armstrong
for "only" fifteen years. Additionally, he was sixty-two years of age, had a history of ear
infections, and high blood pressure, all risk factors for hearing loss. Because these factors
prevent the Court from being able to differentiate between potential causes of his hearing
loss, Mr. Coleman has not shown a likelihood of prevailing at a hearing on the merits.
Moreover, Armstrong's first notice of an alleged hearing loss came with the filing of the
PBD, almost one year after the hearing test of November 4, 2014, revealed a standard
threshold shift. Mr. Coleman knew of potential hearing issues in 2014 and should have
provided Armstrong notice of his claim within thirty days after the test.

                       Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law

                                       Standard applied

        Because this case is in the posture of an Expedited Hearing, Mr. Coleman need not
prove every element of his claim by a preponderance of the evidence in order to obtain
relief. McCord v. Advantage Human Resourcing, No. 2014-06-0063, 2015 TN Wrk.
Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 6, at *7-8, 9 (Tenn. Workers' Comp. App. Bd. Mar. 27, 2015).
Instead, he must come forward with sufficient evidence from which this Court might
determine he is likely to prevail at a hearing on the merits. Id.; Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-
239(d)(l) (2015). This lesser evidentiary standard "does not relieve an employee of the
burden of producing evidence of an injury by accident that arose primarily out of and in
the course and scope of employment at an expedited hearing, but allows some relief to be
granted if that evidence does not rise to the level of a 'preponderance of the evidence."'
Buchanan v. Car/ex Glass Co., No. 2015-01-0012, 2015 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd.
LEXIS 39, at *6 (Tenn. Workers' Comp. App. Bd. Sept. 29, 2015).
                                   I

                                           Notice

       Mr. Coleman must establish he provided adequate notice of his alleged hearing
loss before the Court might compel Armstrong to provide benefits. Because he alleges a
gradually occurring injury, Mr. Coleman must satisfy the following notice requirements
of Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-201(b) (2015):

      (b) In those cases where the injuries occur as the result of gradual or
          cumulative events or trauma, then the injured employee or the injured
          employee's representative shall provide notice of the injury to the
          employer within thirty (30) days after the employee:
          (1) Knows or reasonably should know that the employee has suffered a
           work-related injury that has resulted in permanent physical
           impairment; or

                                              5
           (2) Is rendered unable to continue to perform the employee's normal
            work activities as the result of the work-related injury and the
            employee knows or reasonably should know that the injury was
            caused by work-related activities.

        In this case, Mr. Coleman testified he spoke with Mr. Stepp while still employed
 by Armstrong. Mr. Stepp candidly admits no recollection of that conversation but does
 not deny it occurred. Hence, the Court is left with no other evidence except that Mr.
 Coleman reported his hearing issues to Armstrong. In making this finding, the Court
 considered Mr. Coleman possesses an eighth grade education and that his work history
consists of manual, unskilled labor, or perhaps semi-skilled labor at best. Though these
factors do not excuse him from providing proper notice, they do militate against his
ability to recall the specific date he talked with Mr. Stepp. At a minimum, his intellectual
challenges could inhibit his ability to effectively communicate the precise nature of his
claim. Nevertheless, the statute itself does not require an artful communication by an
employee, but rather "plain and simple language" detailing, among other basic
information, the "nature" of the claim. Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-201(b) (2015). More
importantly, Mr. Coleman's vocational challenges do not supplant his credibility. He
expressed with certainty, on multiple times during his testimony that he spoke with Mr.
Stepp. The Court believes he did so. In so finding, the Court does not consider Mr. Stepp
to be less than credible; to the contrary, it recognizes his candor when admitting he
simply does not recall the conversation.

        The Court also considered Armstrong's argument that Mr. Coleman became
"aware" of his hearing loss upon seeing counsel's advertisement. Even if that
advertisement spurred Mr. Coleman to take action, it does not mean the earlier
conversation with Mr. Stepp did not occur. In fact, upon rigorous cross-examination,
Armstrong confronted Mr. Coleman with an answer from his deposition testimony that
refers to a conversation that, in context, was most likely the one he had with Mr. Stepp.

       Armstrong argues Jenkins v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., No. W2014-02303-
SC-R3-WC, 2016 Tenn. LEXIS 175 (Tenn. Workers' Comp. Panel Mar. 15, 2016),
supports its position. In Jenkins, the evidence revealed the employee had a hearing loss,
known to him at the time of his hire, and demonstrated by his signature on multiple forms
provided him after regular testing. He waited two years after his employment ended to
bring a claim. The panel held:

      We think a reasonably prudent person, knowing that he had significant
      hearing loss, which got worse through twenty-one years of employment,
      would not wait until two years after his last day of work to take any action,
      and would have sought medical advice before the various periods of
      limitation ran.

                                             6
Jenkins, at* 10.

       The Court finds Jenkins is distinguishable. Here, Mr. Coleman testified he
received no explanation regarding any hearing loss purportedly shown on his last hearing
examination. There is no proof from Armstrong that he did. Moreover, there is no expert
proof of what, if any, deleterious effect his exposure to noise had on his hearing. Finally,
unlike the Jenkins employee, there is adequate evidence Mr. Coleman advised his
employer of his claim while still employed. The sum of the evidence supports a finding
that Mr. Coleman is likely to prevail at a hearing on the merits concerning the provision
of notice to Armstrong of his alleged hearing loss.

                                                   Causation

        Having found adequate notice, the Court turns to Armstrong's argument that Mr.
Coleman failed to come forward with sufficient evidence that his hearing loss is work-
related. In McCord v. Advantage Human Resourcing, No. 2014-06-0063, 2015 TN Wrk.
Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 6 (Tenn. Workers' Comp. App. Bd. Mar. 27, 2015), our Appeals
Board found that the employee "[came] forward with sufficient evidence entitling her to a
panel of physicians." !d. at * 17. Namely, she reported to medical providers and the
employer that she suffered injury. !d. The Board concluded:

         [W]hether the alleged work accident resulted in a compensable injury has
         yet to be determined. Therefore, while Employee has not proven by a
         preponderance of the evidence that she suffered an injury arising
         primarily out of and in the course and scope of employment, she has
         satisfied her burden at this interlocutory stage to support an Order
         compelling Employer to provide a panel of physicians.

        In this case, Mr. Coleman testified without contradiction that he advised Mr. Stepp
of issues regarding his hearing. Accordingly, Mr. Coleman, as the employee in McCord,
has come forward with sufficient evidence at this Expedited Hearing stage of the case to
entitle him to a panel of physicians to evaluate his alleged hearing loss. To hold otherwise
would require Mr. Coleman "to seek out, obtain, and pay for a medical evaluation or
treatment before his or her employer would have any obligation to provide medical
benefits." !d. at *10. That result is contrary to the desired fairness and efficiency of the
Workers' Compensation Law. Accordingly, Armstrong must provide a panel of

4
  Tennessee law has long held that "the nature and extent of an employee's injuries, and the issue of medical
causation, usually come to light in the course of treatment of the employee's injuries." Ball v. Regions Fin. Corp.,
No. W2013-02454-SC-R3-WC, 2014 Tenn. LEXIS 705 , at *15 (Tenn. Workers' Comp. Panel Oct. 2, 2014) citing
Quaker Oats v. Smith, 574 S.W.2d 45, 48 (Tenn. 1978).

                                                         7
physicians to evaluate Mr. Coleman's alleged hearing loss. 5

IT IS, THEREFORE, ORDERED as follows:

     1. Mr. Coleman shall receive medical benefits from Armstrong in the form of a panel
        of physicians qualified to evaluate a hearing loss from which he might choose an
        authorized treating physician. Mr. Coleman or the selected provider shall provide
        billing to Armstrong for payment. .

     2. This matter is set for an Initial (Status) Hearing on August 17, 2016, at 9:00a.m.
        Central time.

         ENTERED this the 7th day of June, 20

                                             Judge Allen Phillips
                                             Court of Workers' Compeosa 'on Claims

Initial (Status) Hearing:

      An Initial (Status) Hearing has been set with Judge Allen Phillips, Court of
Workers' Compensation Claims. You must call 731-422-5263 or toll-free at 855-543-
5038 to participate in the Initial Hearing.

       Please Note: You must call in on the scheduled date/time to
participate. Failure to call in may result in a determination of the issues without
your further participation.

Right to Appeal:

       Tennessee Law allows any party who disagrees with this Expedited Hearing Order
to appeal the decision to the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board. To file a Notice of
Appeal, you must:

    1. Complete the enclosed form entitled: "Expedited Hearing Notice of Appeal."

5
 Of course, nothing herein prevents either party from presented additional evidence on the issue of causation a final
compensation hearing. See McCord at *I 0.

                                                         8
 2. File the completed form with the Court Clerk within seven business days of the
    date the Workers' Compensation Judge entered the Expedited Hearing Order.

 3. Serve a copy of the Expedited Hearing Notice of Appeal upon the opposing party.

 4. The appealing party is responsible for payment of a filing fee in the amount of
    $75.00. Within ten calendar days after the filing of a notice of appeal, payment
    must be received by check, money order, or credit card payment. Payments can be
    made in person at any Bureau office or by United States mail, hand-delivery, or
    other delivery service. In the alternative, the appealing party may file an Affidavit
    of Indigency, on a form prescribed by the Bureau, seeking a waiver of the filing
    fee. The Affidavit of Indigency may be filed contemporaneously with the Notice
    of Appeal or must be filed within ten calendar days thereafter. The Appeals Board
    will consider the Affidavit of Indigency and issue an Order granting or denying
    the request for a waiver of the filing fee as soon thereafter as is
    practicable. Failure to timely pay the filing fee or file the Affidavit of
    lndigency in accordance with this section shall result in dismissal of the
    appeal.

 5. The parties, having the responsibility of ensuring a complete record on appeal,
    may request, from the Court Clerk, the audio recording of the hearing for the
    purpose of having a transcript prepared by a licensed court reporter and filing it
    with the Court Clerk within ten calendar days of the filing of the Expedited
    Hearing Notice of Appeal. Alternatively, the parties may file a joint statement of
    the evidence within ten calendar days of the filing of the Expedited Hearing
    Notice of Appeal. The statement of the evidence must convey a complete and
    accurate account of what transpired in the Court of Workers' Compensation
    Claims and must be approved by the workers' compensation judge before the
    record is submitted to the Clerk of the Appeals Board .

. 6. If the appellant elects to file a position statement in support of the interlocutory
     appeal, the appellant shall file such position statement with the Court Clerk within
     five business days of the expiration of the time to file a transcript or statement of
     the evidence, specifying the issues presented for review and including any
     argument in support thereof. A party opposing the appeal shall file a response, if
     any, with the Court Clerk within five business days of the filing of the appellant's
     position statement. All position statements pertaining to an appeal of an
     interlocutory order should include: ( 1) a statement summarizing the facts of the
     case from the evidence admitted during the expedited hearing; (2) a statement
     summarizing the disposition of the case as a result of the expedited hearing; (3) a
     statement of the issue(s) presented for review; and (4) an argument, citing
     appropriate statutes, case law, or other authority.

                                           9
                                      APPENDIX

Exhibits:
   1. Workplace Solutions Pre-employment Physical Examination from April2013;
   2. Medical Records of The Jackson Clinic;
   3. "Employee Hearing Test Report," November 4, 2014;
   4. "Hearing Test History," November 4, 2014;
   5. Separation Notice, June 17, 2015;
   6. Notice of Employment Separation Form, December 1, 2009;
   7. "Material Handler" Job Description;
   8. "Sander Feeder" Job Description;
   9. Mr. Coleman's "Employment Record" cards from 1996-2008;
   10.Mr. Coleman's "Employee Record" card from 2013-2015.

Technical record:
   1. Petition for Benefit Determination, filed on February 5, 2016;
   2. Dispute Certification Notice, filed on March 4, 2016;
   3. Request for Expedited Hearing, filed on March 4, 2016; and
   4. Armstrong's Response to Motion for Expedited Hearing.

                                           10
                            CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

        I hereby certify that a true and correct copy of the Expedited Hearing Order was
sent to the following recipients by the following methods of service on this the 7th day of
June, 2016.

Name                        Certified Via        Via     Service sent to:
                            Mail      Fax        Email
Jeffrey P. Boyd, Esq.
Employee's Counsel                                 X     ibovd@hillboren.com
William F. Kendall, Esq.
Employer's Counsel                                 X     kendallr(ci).waldrophaJI. com

                                            11