Court Opinion

ID: 9945723
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-02-28 15:04:12.947785+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:25:38.401276
License: Public Domain

Third District Court of Appeal
                               State of Florida

                       Opinion filed February 28, 2024.
       Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.

                            ________________

                             No. 3D22-1418
                       Lower Tribunal No. 11-13464
                          ________________

                      Karen Elizabeth Kritzman,
                         Appellant/Cross-Appellee,

                                     vs.

                            Robert Kritzman,
                         Appellee/Cross-Appellant.

     An Appeal from the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, Spencer
Multack, Judge.

      Nancy A. Hass, P.A., and Nancy A. Hass (Fort Lauderdale), for
appellant/cross-appellee.

     Robert M. Kritzman (Jupiter), for appellee/cross-appellant.

Before EMAS, GORDO and BOKOR, JJ.

     BOKOR, J.
     Karen Elizabeth Kritzman, the former wife, appeals from an order

denying her motion for contempt and establishing alimony payments through

an income-withholding order. Robert Kritzman, the former husband, cross-

appeals from the aforementioned order.

     On March 10, 2014, the Kritzmans entered into an amended mediated

marital settlement agreement, which provided that the former husband pay

permanent alimony to the former wife equal to one-third of his annual gross

income. In 2019, the former wife filed a motion for contempt, enforcement,

attorney’s fees, costs, and other relief, alleging that the former husband

violated the amended agreement by failing to pay the full amount of alimony

due from 2015 to 2019. The trial court denied the motion for contempt,

finding that the former husband did not possess the ability to pay the

arrearages, and the former wife moved for rehearing. On rehearing, the trial

court granted the motion in part and ordered the former husband to pay

$2,000 per month in arrears, imposing an equitable lien on the balance of

the former husband’s retirement funds to secure the payment of the alimony

arrearages.

     Subsequently, the former wife filed two additional motions for

contempt, sanctions, attorney’s fees, costs, enforcement, and other relief,

again alleging that the former husband neglected to pay the full amount of

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alimony due. The trial court denied the former wife’s motions; however, it

concluded the former husband possessed the ability to pay $4,000 per

month—$2,000 in alimony and the other $2,000 toward arrears. The court

directed that half of the money be paid by an income withholding order and

the other half be paid from the former husband’s 401k accounts. Specifically,

the trial court noted: “The Mass Mutual 401k currently has an equitable lien

in favor of the wife pursuant to the Court’s order of January 26, 2021.” 1

Accordingly, the court ordered the other $2,000 be “paid from the 401k

accounts on or before the 15th of each month.”

     We affirm the trial court’s thorough and well-reasoned order, with one

exception.    As explained below, the order on appeal relies on a

subsequently-reversed related order entered by a predecessor judge, the

January 26, 2021 order, pertaining to an equitable lien on the 401k accounts.

We therefore reverse solely as to the direction that the $2,000 in arrears be

paid from the former husband’s 401k accounts.

     In Kritzman v. Kritzman, 357 So. 3d 205 (Fla. 3d DCA 2023) (“Kritzman

I”), this court reviewed the trial court’s January 26, 2021 order and

1
  In the January 26, 2021 order, the trial court granted the former wife’s
motion for rehearing in part and imposed an equitable lien on the balance of
the former husband’s retirement funds (the 401k accounts) to secure the
payment of the alimony arrearages.

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considered the same argument the former husband once again raises on

cross appeal: the imposition of the equitable lien over the former husband’s

retirement funds should be reversed, as the equitable lien was imposed

without any notice and the required elements to establish such a lien were

neither alleged, argued, nor found to exist. See id. at 205–06. Agreeing with

the former husband, this court affirmed in part, but reversed and remanded

for additional findings regarding the equitable lien issue because the trial

court failed to set forth specific findings of special circumstances before

imposing the equitable lien. See id. at 206.

      Here, the order on appeal (which was entered before the trial court had

the benefit of the opinion in Kritzman I) does not impose an equitable lien;

however, it directs that $2,000 be paid on a monthly basis from the former

husband’s 401k accounts. Thus, the issue lies in the fact that part of the

order (i.e., the direction that money be withdrawn from the 401k accounts) is

premised upon the imposition of the equitable lien established in the trial

court’s prior order, which served as the basis for reversal in Kritzman I. Thus,

because of the reversal in part as to the equitable lien in Kritzman I, we are

compelled to reverse as to the portion of the order on appeal that directs the

former husband to pay $2,000 in arrears from his 401k accounts.

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      Therefore, because a portion of the trial court’s order is based upon

the erroneous imposition of an equitable lien in a prior order, we reverse on

this point, vacate that portion of the order on appeal, and remand to allow

the trial court to enter a new order, or conduct further proceedings as

appropriate, consistent with our opinion in Kritzman I.2

      Affirmed in part; reversed in part; remanded with instructions.

2
 As in Kritzman I, we take no position on the propriety of an equitable lien
entered upon the requisite findings.

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