Court Opinion

ID: 2774317
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-01-29 00:05:59.72269+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:30:57.797861
License: Public Domain

J-S74005-14

                             2015 Pa. Super. 17

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,           :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                        :          PENNSYLVANIA
               Appellee                 :
                                        :
                  v.                    :
                                        :
TERRY WALKER,                           :
                                        :
              Appellant                 : No. 2246 EDA 2013

              Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered July 8, 2013
            in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
            Criminal Division at No(s): CP-51-CR-0608421-2005

BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., DONOHUE, and STRASSBURGER,* JJ.

DISSENTING OPINION BY STRASSBURGER, J.:          FILED JANUARY 28, 2015

      Because I disagree with the Majority’s conclusions with respect to both

issues raised by Appellant, I respectfully dissent and offer the following

analysis.

      Appellant first argues that but for counsel’s patently incorrect advice,

he would have testified at trial. The PCRA court concluded that even if that

were true, the evidence against Appellant was so overwhelming that the

outcome of the trial would not have been different, and therefore it denied

PCRA relief without an evidentiary hearing. The Majority concludes that this

analysis is incorrect, as the appropriate outcome to consider under these

circumstances was the outcome of the Appellant’s decision not to testify,

which arguably may have been different had counsel provided sound advice.

* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
J-S74005-14

However, the law is clear that the PCRA court is to look to the “entire record”

when considering the prejudicial effect of an error.

      In Commonwealth v. Hutchinson, 25 A.3d 277 (Pa. 2011), the

appellant argued that trial counsel was ineffective in permitting a voir dire

for a child witness to occur in the jury’s presence. In fact, the rule is clear,

such competency hearings are to occur outside the presence of a jury.

Commonwealth v. Washington, 722 A.2d 643 (Pa. 1998) (holding that

voir dire examination of a child witness must be conducted in the absence of

the jury). The appellant argued that such error was prejudicial and entitled

him to a new trial. Our Supreme Court held:

      Based on our review of the entire record, we cannot conclude
      that there is a reasonable probability that the outcome of
      [a]ppellant’s trial would have been different but for trial
      counsel’s failure to object to the presence of the jury during the
      voir dire of the children, which consisted of brief questioning
      primarily regarding their schooling and their understanding of
      the distinction between truth and a lie. Because Appellant has
      not established prejudice, his claim of trial counsel
      ineffectiveness fails[.]

Id. at 298-99 (citation omitted).

      Based on this standard, because Appellant has not pled or proven that

the outcome of the trial would have been different, Appellant is not entitled

to an evidentiary hearing on this issue.

      Appellant next argues that trial counsel was ineffective in failing to

object to improper remarks made in the Commonwealth’s opening and

closing   statements.    Most   egregiously,   the     Commonwealth’s   closing

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J-S74005-14

argument referenced Appellant’s motive as having been related to Appellant

owing the victim “drug money.” However, no evidence at trial supported a

claim that the disputed $1,300 debt was a drug debt. See Commonwealth

v. Correa, 644 A.2d 607, 613 (Pa. Super. 1995) (“It has repeatedly been

held that it is improper for a prosecuting attorney to make reference to

matters which are not in evidence or supported by inferences to be drawn

from the evidence.”).    Accordingly, Appellant is entitled to an evidentiary

hearing to determine what reasonable basis, if any, counsel had in failing to

object to these prejudicial comments.

        Thus, I am in agreement with the Majority that a remand for an

evidentiary hearing is necessary. I disagree as to why the hearing should be

held.    I would order a hearing on the issue of whether counsel was

ineffective in failing to object to the allegedly improper statements of the

prosecutor, and the Majority would not.

        The Majority orders a hearing on whether counsel was ineffective in

advising Appellant not to testify, and I would not so order.

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