Court Opinion

ID: 2960681
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-17 20:09:02.406534+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:41:43.579713
License: Public Domain

J-S57016-15

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

IN THE INTEREST OF: K.K.T., A MINOR   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                            PENNSYLVANIA

APPEAL OF: E.M., MOTHER

                                          No. 700 EDA 2015

               Appeal from the Order February 12, 2015
         In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
            Family Court at No(s): CP-51-AP-0000592-2014
_____________________________________________________________

IN THE INTEREST OF: K.K.T., A MINOR   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                            PENNSYLVANIA

APPEAL OF: E.M., MOTHER

                                          No. 701 EDA 2015

               Appeal from the Order February 12, 2015
         In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
            Family Court at No(s): CP-51-AP-0000593-2014
_____________________________________________________________

IN THE INTEREST OF: S.M.T., A MINOR   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                            PENNSYLVANIA

APPEAL OF: E.M., MOTHER

                                          No. 702 EDA 2015
J-S57016-15

               Appeal from the Order February 12, 2015
         In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
            Family Court at No(s): CP-51-AP-0000594-2014
_____________________________________________________________

IN THE INTEREST OF: K.K.T., A MINOR              IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                       PENNSYLVANIA

APPEAL OF: E.M., MOTHER

                                                     No. 703 EDA 2015

                    Appeal from the Order February 12, 2015
              In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
                 Family Court at No(s): CP-51-AP-0000595-2014

BEFORE: MUNDY, J., OTT, J., and STABILE, J.

MEMORANDUM BY OTT, J.:                           FILED SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

        E.M. (Mother) appeals from the decrees entered on February 12, 2015,

in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County that terminated her

parental rights to her four children following a voluntary relinquishment

proceeding. Concomitantly, counsel for Mother has filed a petition for leave

to withdraw as counsel and an Anders1 brief. The two issues identified in

the Anders brief are (1) whether counsel was ineffective, and (2) whether

the court erred in failing to consider whether a natural bond exists between

child and parent, and whether termination would destroy an existing,
____________________________________________

1
    Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967).

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necessary and beneficial relationship. Based upon the following, we affirm

and grant the petition for leave to withdraw.2

       The trial court has aptly summarized the facts of this case as follows:3

       The dates of birth of the children are: K.T. on [], 2007, K.T. on
       [], 2008, S.T. on [], 2012 and K.T. on [] 2006.

       On November 15, 2012, DHS [Philadelphia Department of
       Human Services] received a Child Protective Services (CPS)
       [report] alleging that K.T.’s (d.o.b. []-08) hands and feet were
____________________________________________

2
  In light of the Supreme Court’s admonishment of this Court in regard to
delays in Fast Track cases, see In re T.S.M., 71 A.3d 251, 261 n.21 (Pa.
2013) (stating that “repeated delays” were not fully explained), we note that
the above-listed, consolidated cases were delayed for panel listing because
the Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas sent the certified record to
this Court well past the due date.

      The certified records in the above-captioned cases were originally due
April 13, 2015. Appointed counsel had filed praecipes to discontinue the
appeals at 694, 696, 697, and 698 EDA 2015, which were counseled appeals
that were apparently duplicative of the above-captioned, pro se appeals. By
Order dated March 31, 2015, this Court remanded to the trial court for a
period of thirty days to determine whether appointed counsel should be
permitted to withdraw and if appointment of new counsel was necessary.
On April 27, 2015, the trial court indicated it had permitted original counsel
to withdraw, and had appointed new counsel to represent Mother.
Thereafter, in May and June, despite inquiries from this Court to the trial
court concerning return of the record, this Court did not receive the certified
record until June 12, 2015.

      As a result, the briefing schedule for these cases was delayed by
nearly two months, due solely to the overdue records. Furthermore, in filing
the Anders brief, appointed counsel initially failed to provide this Court with
a requisite copy of the letter sent to Mother explaining her rights, which
further delayed the listing of the appeals.
3
  The birth dates of the minor children have been redacted except as to year
to protect the privacy of the children.

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     bound with duct tape, his hands were taped behind his back, and
     a rope was tied around his waist and attached to a shelf in the
     bathroom closet of the family’s home. A photograph had been
     taken of the scene. Maternal grandmother had removed the child
     from the situation. The report was indicated.

     On November 15, 2012, DHS visited the home. Mother and
     maternal grandmother stated that they were unaware who had
     bound the child. The child stated that he was bound and placed
     in the closet by the Mother.

     On November 15, 2012, DHS obtained an [O]rder of Protective
     Custody (OPC) for the children and placed them in foster care.
     Two of the children were placed in the home where they are still
     residing and the other two were placed in the same home on
     December 4, 2012.

     A shelter care hearing was held on November 16, 2012 before
     Master Carol A. Carson. Master Carson lifted the OPC and
     ordered that the children be temporarily committed to DHS.

     On November 29, 2012, an adjudicatory hearing was held before
     the Honorable Jonathan Q. Irvine. Judge Irvine adjudicated the
     children dependent and committed them to DHS.

     On February 28, 2013, Judge Irvine found clear and convincing
     evidence had been presented to establish aggravated
     circumstances existed as to E.M. regarding K.T. (d.o.b. []-08).
     On May 16, 2013, Judge Irvine found aggravated circumstances
     as to E.M. in the cases of the three other children.

     The matter was then listed on a regular basis before judges of
     the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas - Family Court Division -
     Juvenile Branch pursuant to section 6351 of the Juvenile Act, 42
     Pa.C.S.A. § 6351, and evaluated for the purpose of determining
     or reviewing the permanency plan of the child.

     In subsequent hearings, the DRO’s [Dependency Review Orders]
     reflect the Court’s review and disposition as a result of evidence
     presented, addressing, and primarily with, the goal of finalizing
     the permanency plan.

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       On November 20, 2014[,] E.M.[,] mother, executed voluntary
       relinquishment petitions [and consents to adoption with respect
       to her four children].

       On December 17, 2014[,] E.M. sent a letter to DHS revoking the
       voluntary relinquishment petitions.

       Subsequently, at a hearing on February 12, 2015, the mother,
       E.M., changed her mind and withdrew her letter of revocation
       regarding the voluntary relinquishment petitions. The mother
       requested that the Court proceed on her voluntary
       relinquishment petitions. Therefore, the Trial Court issued a
       decree of voluntary termination of parental rights of E.M. and
       transferred custody of the children to DHS in accordance with
       the mother’s request.

Trial Court Opinion, 6/9/2015, at 1–2.4          Following the entry of the trial

court’s voluntary termination decrees, Mother appealed.5,     6

____________________________________________

4
   For the sake of completeness, we note the court also involuntarily
terminated the parental rights of the father of K.T., K.T., and K.T., and
confirmed the consent to adoption of the father of S.M.T.
5
  On March 12, 2015, along with the notice of appeal, Mother’s counsel filed
a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement, stating “[t]he only issue that could possibly
be raised is whether [Mother’s] consent was legally obtained prior to the
termination of her parental rights on February 12, 2015.”          Mother’s
Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal Pursuant to [Pa.]R.A.P.
1925(b), 3/12/2015, at ¶2.

     We note that on April 21, 2015, the trial court permitted Mother’s
counsel to withdraw, and appointed new counsel to represent Mother on
appeal.
6
  On March 10, 2015, Mother herself filed a pro se notice of appeal and Rule
1925(b) statement, claiming that “I was told if I sign over my rights the
children were going to stay with grandmother,” that “I have a learning
disability and was lied to by the DHS worker and appointed counsel,” and
that appointed counsel “never helped me understand the petitionS I signed.”
Mother’s Statement of Errors Complained of on Appeal Pursuant to Pa.R.A.P.
1925(b), pro se, 3/10/2015.     However, since Mother was represented by
(Footnote Continued Next Page)

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      Our standard of review is as follows:

      When reviewing a decree entered by the Orphans’ Court, this
      Court must determine whether the record is free from legal error
      and the court’s factual findings are supported by the evidence.
      Because the Orphans’ Court sits as the fact-finder, it determines
      the credibility of the witnesses, and on review, we will not
      reverse its credibility determinations absent an abuse of that
      discretion.

In re A.J.B., 797 A.2d 264, 266 (Pa. Super. 2002). Our Supreme Court has

explained that “[a] party seeking to disturb a termination decree must show

that the consent given to terminate parental rights was not intelligent,

voluntary    and   deliberate.”       In   re    M.L.O.,   416 A.2d 88,   90   (Pa.

1980)(citations omitted).

      Prior to addressing the issues identified in this appeal, we must review

counsel’s petition to withdraw. See Commonwealth v. Cartrette, 83 A.3d
1030, 1032 (Pa. Super. 2013) (en banc) (“Initially, we note that we may not

address the merits of the issue raised on appeal without first reviewing the

request to withdraw.”).

      In In re V.E., 611 A.2d 1267, 1275 (Pa. Super. 1992), this Court

extended the ability of counsel to withdraw when counsel believed an appeal

to be frivolous to appeals involving the termination of parental rights. We

stated that counsel appointed to represent an indigent parent on an appeal
                       _______________________
(Footnote Continued)

counsel, her pro se filings were legal nullities. See Commonwealth v.
Ellis, 534 Pa. 176, 626 A.2d 1137, 1139 (1993) (“Ellis II”) (holding there is
no right to hybrid representation either at trial or on appeal).

                                            -6-
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from a decree terminating parental rights may, after a conscientious and

thorough review of the record, petition this Court for leave to withdraw as

counsel and must submit an Anders brief. Id. at 1275. In this regard, this

Court has explained:

     In order to comply with Anders and its Pennsylvania progeny,
     counsel must:

         (1) petition the court for leave to withdraw stating that
         after making a conscientious examination of the record
         and interviewing the defendant, counsel has determined
         the appeal would be frivolous;

         (2) file a brief referring to anything that might arguably
         support the appeal, but which does not resemble a “no
         merit” letter or amicus curiae brief; and

         (3) furnish a copy of the brief to defendant and advise
         him of his right to retain new counsel, proceed pro se or
         raise any additional points that he deems worthy of the
         court’s attention.

In re S.M.T., 856 A.2d 1235, 1237 (Pa. Super. 2004).

     Further, in Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa. 2009),

the Pennsylvania Supreme Court addressed the second requirement of

Anders — the contents of the Anders brief — and held that the brief must:

     (1) provide a summary of the procedural history and facts, with
     citations to the record; (2) refer to anything in the record that
     counsel believes arguably supports the appeal; (3) set forth
     counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and (4) state
     counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is frivolous.
     Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record, controlling

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       case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the
       conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.

Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361.7

       Our review confirms counsel has complied with the requirements of

Anders and Santiago.           We also require counsel to send a letter advising

the appellant of his or her rights, and counsel has satisfied this Court that he

has done so. Commonwealth v. Millisock, 873 A.2d 748, 752 (Pa. Super.

2005).8,   9
               Therefore, we proceed “to make a full examination of the

proceedings and make an independent judgment to decide whether the

appeal is in fact wholly frivolous.” Commonwealth v. Flowers, 113 A.3d
1246, 1248 (Pa. Super. 2015) (citation omitted). In so doing, we review not

only the issues identified by appointed counsel in the Anders brief, but

examine all of the proceedings to “make certain that appointed counsel

____________________________________________

7
  Counsel concludes that, “[w]ith such a limited standard of review, following
an interview with Mother and thorough review of the record and trial court’s
opinion, it is wholly without merit to argue that [sic] the first issue that trial
counsel was ineffective.” Anders Brief at 21–22. Counsel further states
“[b]ecause the [Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)] statement of errors does not include the
second issue, it is waived.” Id. at 22.
8
  A per curiam Order was filed on July 10, 2015, directing counsel to provide
the Prothonotary of this Court with a copy of the letter he sent to Mother
informing her of her right to retain counsel or proceed pro se in these
appeals. A copy of counsel’s letter to Mother was received by this Court on
July 27, 2015.
9
 Mother has not filed a response to counsel’s Anders brief and petition to
withdraw.

                                           -8-
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has not overlooked the existence of potentially non-frivolous issues.” Id. at

1249.

        The first issue discussed in the Anders brief by whether trial counsel

was ineffective, specifically, in failing to help Mother understand the

voluntary relinquishment petitions. See Anders Brief at 16–17.

        This Court has explained an indigent person’s right to counsel in a

termination hearing as follows:

        The unique nature of parental termination cases has long been
        recognized by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. Thus, In re
        Adoption of R.I., 455 Pa. 29, 312 A.2d 601 (Pa. 1973), the
        Supreme Court held that an indigent parent in a termination of
        parental rights case has a constitutional right to counsel. The
        right to counsel in parental termination cases is the right to
        effective assistance of counsel even though the case is civil in
        nature. In re Adoption of T.M.F., 392 Pa. Super. 598, 573
A.2d 1035 (Pa. Super. 1990) (en banc); see also, In the
        Interest of S.W., 2001 Pa. Super 228, 781 A.2d 1247 (Pa.
        Super. 2001). However, this right is more limited than that in
        criminal cases, as claims of ineffective assistance of counsel
        must be raised on direct appeal. We then review the record as a
        whole to determine whether or not the parties received a
        “fundamentally fair” hearing; a finding that counsel was
        ineffective is made only if the parent demonstrates that
        counsel’s ineffectiveness was “the cause of the decree of
        termination.” T.M.F., 573 A.2d at 1044; see also, S.W., 781
A.2d at 1249.

In the Interest of J.T., 983 A.2d 771, 774–775 (Pa. Super. 2009).

        Mother, on November 20, 2014, for each child, signed a petition for

voluntary relinquishment of parental rights, see 23 Pa.C.S. § 2501, and, as

well, signed a consent to adoption that was attached to the petition.

Thereafter, on December 17, 2014, Mother wrote a letter to DHS indicating

                                     -9-
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she had changed her mind about consenting to the termination of her

parental rights. See N.T., 2/12/2015, at 7. However, at the hearing held

on February 12, 2015, Mother stated on the record that she wished to

withdraw the letter and proceed on the petitions to voluntarily relinquish her

parental rights to the children. Id.

      Following a colloquy of Mother by her appointed counsel, the trial court

entered decrees of voluntary termination of parental rights of mother as to

each child, stating “[E.M.] has relinquished forever all his/her parental rights

in and to his/her minor child, [child’s name] and parental rights are hereby

terminated. The custody of [child’s name] is hereby transferred to the

Philadelphia Department of Human Services. ….” Decrees, 2/12/2014. In

addition, by these decrees, petitions to confirm consent to terminate

parental   rights   and   to   involuntarily    terminate   parental   rights   were

withdrawn. See id.

      The trial court, in its opinion written in support of its decision,

explained:

      A parent may relinquish their parental rights to an agency under
      23 Pa.C.S.A. § 2501:

           (a) Petition. --When any child under the age of 18 years
           has been in the care of an agency for a minimum period
           of three days or, whether or not the agency has the
           physical care of the child, the agency has received a
           written notice of the present intent to transfer to it
           custody of the child, executed by the parent, the parent
           or parents of the child may petition the court for
           permission to relinquish forever all parental rights and
           duties with respect to their child.

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      The parent’s consent to relinquish parental rights must be
      intelligent, voluntary and deliberate. In re Watson, 450 Pa.
579, 301 A.2d 861 (1973). In the instant case, the mother, E.M.
      was colloquied by her attorney regarding her request to revoke
      her revocation letter. Furthermore, she was colloquied by her
      attorney regarding her request to proceed on her voluntary
      relinquishment petitions. The mother testified that she did sign
      consents to terminate her parental rights on a voluntary basis;
      she read and understood the documents she signed and
      understood her signature indicated that she gave up her parental
      rights. (N.T., 2-12-15, pgs. 5-9). Furthermore, E.M. testified that
      no one promised her anything or forced her to sign the
      document. (N.T., 2-12-15, p. 9). Moreover, E.M. testified that
      she understood the procedure for revoking her consent because
      she wrote a letter to DHS revoking her consent to voluntarily
      terminate her parental rights just short of the thirty day
      revocation deadline. (N.T., 2-12-15, p. 6). The mother, E.M.,
      clearly testified that she changed her mind and wanted to
      rescind that letter. Lastly, the Court sent mother and her
      attorney out of the courtroom to confer with her regarding her
      revocation request. The Court stated to mother’s attorney “Take
      a moment and step out in the hall with mom, I just want it her
      to be one hundred percent sure”. (N.T., 2-12-15, p. 6).

      As explained in the initial Decrees, the Trial Court found the [sic]
      E.M. relinquished forever all her parental rights in and to her
      minor children and her parental rights are terminated.

Trial Court Opinion, 6/9/2015, at 3.

      Our review of the record confirms the trial court’s account of the

colloquy by Mother’s counsel and its assessment of Mother’s consent.

Mother indicated to the court she wished to withdraw her revocation of

consent letter, wanted to proceed with the petition to voluntarily terminate

her parental rights, and was “willing to by consent give up [her] parental

rights to [her] children.” N.T., 2/12/2015, at 9. She further testified no one

had forced her to sign the consent and that no promises had been made to

                                       - 11 -
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her in exchange for her consent. See N.T., 2/12/2015, at 9. Based on this

colloquy, Mother cannot show she did not receive a “fundamentally fair”

hearing or demonstrate that counsel’s ineffectiveness was “the cause of the

decree of termination.” Interest of J.T., supra, 983 A.2d at 775.

Accordingly, we conclude this ineffectiveness issue is frivolous.

      The second issue identified in the Anders brief is that the court failed

to consider whether a natural bond exists between the children and parent,

and whether termination would destroy an existing, necessary and beneficial

relationship.

      We note that Mother failed to include this specific challenge in her

counseled Rule 1925(b) statement and, therefore, the issue is waived. See

Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)(4)(vii) (“Issues not included in the Statement and/or not

raised in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph (b)(4) are

waived.”). In any event, Section 2511(b) of the Adoption Act requires the

court to “give primary consideration to the developmental, physical and

emotional needs and welfare of the child,” in involuntary termination

proceedings. 23 Pa.C.S. § 2511(b). Here, however, Mother’s parental rights

were voluntarily terminated under 23 Pa.C.S. § 2501. Consequently, any

issue related to the inadequacy of the evidence under section 2511 bears no

relevance to the trial court’s order, and is frivolous.

                                      - 12 -
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     In sum, we conclude the issues presented in this appeal are frivolous,

and our independent review of the record reveals no non-frivolous issues.

Accordingly, we affirm.

     Decrees affirmed. Petition for leave to withdraw granted.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 9/17/2015

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