Court Opinion

ID: 9947128
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-03-02 18:13:14.29738+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:25:47.714373
License: Public Domain

NUMBER 13-23-00236-CV

                             COURT OF APPEALS

                   THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

                     CORPUS CHRISTI – EDINBURG

CHRISTOPHER DE LEON D/B/A DE LEON
AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE PROFESSIONAL,                                          Appellant,

                                           v.

PRABHUVARAM J. MADDELA,                                                       Appellee.

                   On appeal from the 275th District Court
                         of Hidalgo County, Texas.

                          MEMORANDUM OPINION

 Before Chief Justice Contreras and Justices Benavides and Tijerina
         Memorandum Opinion by Chief Justice Contreras

      Appellant Christopher De Leon d/b/a De Leon Aircraft Maintenance Professional

challenges a default judgment entered in favor of appellee Prabhuvaram J. Maddela. See

TEX. R. CIV. P. 508.3. By two issues, De Leon argues the trial court erred in granting the

no-answer default judgment because (1) it lacked personal jurisdiction over him, and
(2) the evidence was legally and factually insufficient to support the $161,250.00 award

in compensatory damages. We reverse and remand.

                                  I.      BACKGROUND

       Maddela brought a suit for breach of contract against De Leon over the sale of an

aircraft. Maddela attempted to serve De Leon personally multiple times from April to May

2022, and subsequently filed a motion for substituted service, which the trial court granted

on June 8, 2022. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 106(b). The order granting the motion stated that

substitute service may be made on De Leon: (1) “by leaving a true copy of the citation”

and petition at “671 Ferguson Road, Donna, Texas” or by “affixing a true copy of the

citation and [p]etition securely to the front entrance way of the property

(door/gate/mailbox) at 671 Ferguson Road, Donna, Texas”; (2) “by mailing a true copy of

the citation” and petition to “671 Ferguson Road, Donna, Texas”; or (3) “by emailing a

true copy of the citation” and petition to “the email address to which Christopher De Leon

corresponds, deleon.aircraftmaintenance@gmail.com.” After attempting substituted

service of process pursuant to the order, Maddela filed a motion for no-answer default

judgment against De Leon.

       The trial court held a hearing on the motion on February 7, 2023. Maddela’s

counsel, Christopher Castillo, stated that De Leon “was served by substituted service on

multiple days by posting it on the entry of [his home on] June 10, 2022; by email June 8,

2022; by certified mail, June 8, 2022[,] and first[-]class mail on June 8, 2022.” Castillo

requested $161,250.00 in compensatory damages, $3,013.50 in attorney’s fees and

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$783.35 in court costs. On February 17, 2023, the trial court granted the default judgment

and awarded the requested damages. De Leon did not enter an appearance prior to the

trial court signing its default judgment. This restricted appeal followed.

                              II.      SERVICE OF PROCESS

       By his first issue, De Leon argues that Maddela failed to meet the service of

process requirements under the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure, and thus, the trial court

did not acquire personal jurisdiction to enter the default judgment against him. See id. R.

106.

A.     Standard of Review & Applicable Law

       A restricted appeal is a direct attack on a judgment. Gen. Elec. Co. v. Falcon Ridge

Apartments, Joint Venture, 811 S.W.2d 942, 943 (Tex.1991); Autozone, Inc. v. Duenes,

108 S.W.3d 917, 919 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2003, no pet.). “To

successfully attack a default judgment by restricted appeal, the appellant must: (1) file the

restricted appeal within six months after the final judgment is signed; (2) be a party to the

lawsuit; (3) have not participated at trial; and (4) demonstrate error apparent from the face

of the record.” Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at 919; see TEX. R. APP. 25.1, 26.1(c), 30; Ex

parte Vega, 510 S.W.3d 544, 547 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2016, no pet.).

The “face of the record” consists of all papers that were before the trial court at the time

it rendered judgment. See Ex parte Vega, 510 S.W.3d at 547; Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d

at 920.

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       Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 106 governs the methods of serving a citation. See

TEX. R. CIV. P. 106. Rule 106(a) states that, unless the citation or court order directs

otherwise, service must be effectuated by delivering a copy of the citation and petition to

the defendant in person or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested. Id. R.

106(a). Under Rule 106(b), a trial court may authorize a substitute method of service if,

upon motion supported by a sworn statement, the methods attempted under subsection

(a) have been unsuccessful. Id. R. 106(b). If so, the rule allows the court to authorize

service:

       (1)    by leaving a copy of the citation and of the petition with anyone older
              than sixteen at the location specified in the statement; or

       (2)    in any other manner, including electronically by social media, email, or other
              technology, that the statement or other evidence shows will be reasonably
              effective to give the defendant notice of the suit.
Id.

       “If the record fails to show strict compliance with the rules of civil procedure

governing issuance, service, and return of citation, then the attempted service of process

is invalid and of no effect.” Rone Eng’g Serv., Ltd. v. Culberson, 317 S.W.3d 506, 508

(Tex. App.—Dallas 2010, no pet.) (citation omitted). Virtually any deviation from the rules

governing service will be sufficient to set aside a default judgment on appeal, and strict

compliance is particularly important when substituted service is issued under Rule 106(b).

Dolly v. Aethos Commc’ns Sys., Inc., 10 S.W.3d 384, 388 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2000, no

pet.) (“When a trial court orders substituted service pursuant to [R]ule 106, the only

authority for the substituted service is the order itself. . . . Therefore, the requirements set

forth in the order must be strictly followed.”).

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       “When we review a restricted appeal, there are no presumptions of valid issuance,

service, and return of citation.” Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at 920. Further, the Texas

Supreme Court “has repeatedly held that discrepancies in the defendant’s name or

address prevent any implication or presumption of proper substitute service.” Spanton v.

Bellah, 612 S.W.3d 314, 317 (Tex. 2020) (collecting cases).

       [F]or example, if the citation says an amended petition was attached (which
       named the defaulted party) and the return says the original petition was
       served (which did not), an appellate court cannot tell from the record which
       is true. Similarly, if the petition says the registered agent for service is
       “Henry Bunting, Jr.” but the citation and return reflect service on “Henry
       Bunting,” an appellate court cannot tell whether those persons are different
       or the same.

Fid. & Guar. Ins. v. Drewery Const. Co., 186 S.W.3d 571, 573 (Tex. 2006) (internal

citations omitted).

       A “defective service” complaint may be raised for the first time on appeal.

Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at 920. “When the attempted service of process is invalid, the

trial court acquires no personal jurisdiction over the defendant, and the default judgment

is void.” Rone Eng’g Serv., Ltd., 317 S.W.3d at 508; see Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at

920.

B.     Analysis

       It is clear from the record that De Leon filed this restricted appeal within six months

of the trial court’s final judgment, he is a party to the lawsuit, and he did not participate at

the February 7, 2023 hearing. See Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at 919. Thus, we limit our

review to whether error is apparent from the face of the record. See id.

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      De Leon argues that Maddela’s attempts to serve him under Texas Rules of Civil

Procedure 106(a) did not meet the rule’s requirements, and thus, the trial court improperly

ordered substitute service under Rule 106(b). See R. 106. Specifically, De Leon argues

that Maddela attempted to serve him at “a fictitious address” and that the affidavits in

support of the substitute service provided “no evidence” that the Ferguson Road property

was De Leon’s physical or mailing address, or that emailing the requisite documents to

deleon.aircraftmaintenance@gmail.com would “be reasonably effective to give the

defendant notice of the suit.” See id. R. 106(b)(2). De Leon contends that because of the

defective service, the trial court did not acquire personal jurisdiction to enter default

judgment against him. See Rone Eng’g Serv., Ltd., 317 S.W.3d at 508. 1

      One of Maddela’s attorneys, David A. Buono II, filed an affidavit with the motion

for substitute service stating that, in order to determine De Leon’s home address, “[his]

staff visited the Texas Secretary of State voter portal” which “allows a user to input data

regarding an individual and generates a report showing a voter’s registered address.”

Buono’s affidavit stated that the portal showed De Leon’s address as “671 Ferguson

Road” and that service was attempted at that address. However, the attached exhibit, a

printout of the voter portal search results, listed the address as “671 Ferguson Road A.”

      The record shows that each attempt to serve De Leon used the “Ferguson Road”

address and not the “Ferguson Road A” address. An affidavit by process server Angelica

Vasquez stated that she visited the Ferguson Road property on five different days

      1 Maddela did not file a brief in this appeal.

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attempting to serve De Leon in person. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 106(a)(1). Her affidavit stated

that the property had a “private fence” with “no access” to the front door, and she would

“honk and wait[]” each visit, but received “no response.” During her first visit, the affidavit

stated, “teenagers getting off bus and going into property said Christopher is her dad but

not home.” During her second visit, it stated that a “[n]eighbor in the back[, a] male

Hispanic [in his] 40’s said Christopher works all day.” Her affidavit also stated that she left

a delivery notice in four of the five visits. In a separate affidavit, Vasquez stated that she

attempted personal service once at De Leon’s business address.

       After the order granting substitute service was rendered, Maddela attempted to

serve De Leon by attaching a copy of the requisite documents to the front gate of the

Ferguson Road property, mailing De Leon at the Ferguson Road address, and emailing

De Leon, as ostensibly authorized by the order. See id. R. 106(b)(1), (2). The record also

shows that only after the order for substitute service, Maddela then attempted to serve

De Leon at the Ferguson Road address by “registered or certified mail” as required by

Rule 106(a)(2). Id. R. 106(a)(2). However, the certified mail return had no signature, nor

did it “show the diligence used by the officer or authorized person to execute [it] and the

cause of failure to execute it[.]” See id. R. 107(c), 107(d). Thus, nothing in the record

indicates that De Leon received service or substituted service.

       Spanton v. Bellah is instructive to the case at hand. 612 S.W.3d 314 (Tex. 2020).

In that case, the Texas Supreme Court held that the discrepancy between “Heathers Hill

Drive” on the order authorizing substitute service and “Heather Hills Drive” on the return

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of service “establishe[d] that the substitute service did not strictly comply with the order

permitting such service.” Id. at 318. The appellee’s motion for substitute service included

a process server’s affidavit which stated in that he confirmed the defendants’ address

was on “Heathers Hill” with one of the defendants’ employees, and even called one of the

defendants who “refused to meet with him to accept service, but [] sent him an email

confirming that he could serve process at the street number on ‘Heathers Hill.’” Id. at 315

(emphasis omitted). Despite this information in the process server’s affidavit, the Court

vacated the default judgment against the defendants, finding that “[n]othing in the record

demonstrate[d] that the [defendants] actually received substituted service or that Heather

Hills Drive and Heathers Hill Drive are the same street.” Id. at 318. Like in Spanton, we

cannot presume from Vasquez’s affidavit that the addresses are the same location, and

nothing in the record demonstrates that De Leon received substituted service. See id.

Moreover, nothing in the record demonstrates why Maddela used the Ferguson Road

address over the Ferguson Road A address.

       We conclude that De Leon has satisfied the fourth requirement of his restricted

appeal because De Leon’s address listed in Maddela’s affidavits in support of substitute

service did not match the listed address in the exhibit supporting the same affidavits.

Thus, the face of the record shows Maddela did not strictly comply with the methods of

service under the rules of civil procedure. See R. 106(b); Spanton, 612 S.W.3d at 318;

Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at 920. Accordingly, substituted service of process on De

Leon should not have been authorized and was invalid, and as a result, the trial court did

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not acquire personal jurisdiction over appellant. See Spanton, 612 S.W.3d at 318; Rone

Eng’g Serv., Ltd., 317 S.W.3d at 508; Autozone, Inc., 108 S.W.3d at 920. De Leon’s first

issue is sustained. Because this issue is dispositive, we need not address De Leon’s

sufficiency of the evidence issue.

                                III.     CONCLUSION

      We reverse the default judgment and remand for further proceedings consistent

with this memorandum opinion.

                                                            DORI CONTRERAS
                                                            Chief Justice

Delivered and filed on the
29th day of February, 2024.

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