Court Opinion

ID: 2728408
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-09-08 21:32:22.123636+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:39:56.020086
License: Public Domain

An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute
controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance
with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure.

                               NO. COA13-1227
                       NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS

                                  Filed: 20 May 2014

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA

      v.                                       Union County
                                               Nos. 09 CRS 55490-94, 55496-98,
LISA STARNES MORGAN                                 55500-01

      Appeal by Defendant from judgments entered 14 June 2013 by

Judge   Christopher        W.   Bragg   in   Superior   Court,    Union    County.

Heard in the Court of Appeals 29 April 2014.

      Attorney General Roy Cooper, by Assistant Attorney General
      Karissa J. Davan, for the State.

      Mary McCullers Reece for Defendant-Appellant.

      McGEE, Judge.

      Lisa Starnes Morgan           (“Defendant”)     appeals from judgments

entered upon revocation of her probation.                    Defendant pleaded

guilty to ten counts of obtaining a controlled substance by

fraud      on   17   February     2011.      Defendant     received     suspended

sentences of five to six months each, all of which were to run

consecutively,       and    was    placed    on   supervised      probation     for

thirty-six months.
                                      -2-
    Defendant’s probation officer filed violation reports in

each of the ten cases on 31 January 2013.               The reports alleged

that Defendant violated her probation by: (1) being in arrears

of the monetary conditions of her probation; and (2) committing

multiple new criminal offenses.

    A probation revocation hearing was held on 14 June 2013 and

Defendant    admitted   to    being    in     willful   violation     of    her

probation.    The trial court revoked Defendant’s probation and

activated her suspended sentences.

    Defendant timely filed written notice of appeal; however,

the notice of appeal was not served upon the State and failed to

properly identify the court to which the appeal was being taken.

Defendant filed a petition for writ of certiorari on 6 November

2013 seeking review of the judgments entered, because her notice

of appeal did not comply with Rule 4 of the North Carolina Rules

of Appellate Procedure.       In our discretion, we grant Defendant’s

petition for writ of certiorari and review her arguments.

    Defendant argues the trial court abused its discretion by

revoking her probation because the trial court was under the

misapprehension   of    law   that    “each    violation   is,   in   and    of

itself, a sufficient basis upon which [a] court should revoke
                                      -3-
probation and activate the suspended sentence.”                  We are not

persuaded.

    As an initial matter, we note that Defendant committed some

of her alleged probation violations prior to the 1 December 2011

effective date of the Justice Reinvestment Act (“JRA”), and some

were committed after the effective date of the JRA.                See State

v. Hunnicutt, __ N.C. App. ___, ___, 740 S.E.2d 906, 911 (2013)

(citing 2011 N.C. Sess. Laws 192, sec. 4.(d); 2011 N.C. Sess.

Laws 412, sec. 2.5).      Under the JRA, only certain violations of

probation    are   sufficient   to    revoke   a   defendant’s    probation,

including when a defendant commits a new offense.                  N.C. Gen.

Stat. § 15A–1344(a) (2013).            This provision differs from the

prior law in this state under which “[a]ny violation of a valid

condition    of    probation     [wa]s      sufficient   to      revoke   [a]

defendant’s probation.”        State v. Tozzi, 84 N.C. App. 517, 521,

353 S.E.2d 250, 253 (1987).          Because some of Defendant’s alleged

violations occurred prior to the effective date of the JRA and

some occurred after the effective date, we must apply both the

JRA and prior law.

    The trial court found Defendant had violated her probation

as alleged in the probation violation reports.           Defendant argues

the trial court erroneously applied the pre-JRA doctrine that
                                       -4-
any violation of probation is sufficient to justify revocation.

Id. at 521, 353 S.E.2d at 253.              However, Defendant’s conviction

of a new criminal offense was a substantial factor in the trial

court’s decision to revoke her probation as shown by the trial

court admonishing Defendant:

             THE COURT: Ms. Morgan, you were put on
             probation for ten counts, okay, of basically
             obtaining property -- obtaining controlled
             substance by fraud.   And then in January of
             this year, you get another conviction for
             attempting to obtain controlled substance by
             fraud, which is basically the same thing
             that you're on probation for. All right. I
             can’t ignore that. You’re on probation, and
             you do the same thing again while you’re on
             probation.

Under both the JRA and prior law, committing a criminal offense

while   on    probation     is   a   ground       upon   which    a    defendant’s

probation     can    be   revoked.         Consequently,    it    is    immaterial

whether we analyze Defendant’s violations of her probation under

the JRA or prior law.            There is no indication that the trial

court acted under a misapprehension of law.                      Accordingly, we

conclude     the    trial   court    did    not    abuse   its    discretion   by

revoking Defendant’s probation.

    Affirmed.

    Judges ELMORE and DAVIS concur.

    Report per Rule 30(e).