Court Opinion

ID: 6622252
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-07-20 20:31:27.375044+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:58:45.762989
License: Public Domain

ELLISON, J.
The action in this case is for damages alleged to have been done to plaintiff’s property by the same work prosecuted by the city in an alley in the rear of Mr. McMillen’s property, this plaintiff owning property on the same alley.
What we said in reference to defendant having-waived its motion to make plaintiff’s petition more definite and certain by answering to the merits applies to this case. An examination of the authorities there cited will show the correctness of our ruling.
It however appears that the plaintiffs not only sued the defendant city, but also included as joint defendants five individuals, charging all as guilty of the wrong which worked the injury alleged. At the close of the evidence, the trial court gave a peremptory instruction (to which plaintiffs took exception) directing the jury to find a verdict for the five individuals. The cause was then submitted to the jury by instructions. The jury returned a general verdict as follows: “We, the jury, find for the plaintiff and assess the damages at $75.00.” Passing by the point that the verdict was in the singular *24when there were two plaintiffs, we are compelled to heed the objection as to the defendants. The case as stated and the issues as made up for trial were against all of the defendants. The case as made out by the evidence' failed, in the view of the trial court, as against the individual defendants and a peremptory instruction to find for them was given over the protest of the plaintiffs. The verdict should have disposed of the case as to these defendants. It has been many times ruled that it is fatal unless a verdict is responsive to or covers all the issues submitted. It may do this in a broad and general way in most instances, hut in all cases it must in some way be responsive. [Fenwick v. Logan, 1 Mo. 401; Easton v. Collier, 1 Mo. 421; Hickman v. Byrd, 1 Mo. 495; Parker v. Moore, 29 Mo. 218; Wood v. McGuire, 17 Ga. 361; Patterson v. United States, 2 Wheat. 221; Davidson v. Bond, 12 Ill. 84; Barbour v. White, 37 Ill. 171; Holmes v. Wood, 6 Mass. 1.] In Wood v. McGuire, supra, there was, as in this case, a peremptory instruction. The trial court, in that case, directed a verdict against one of the plaintiffs, which the jury either failed or refused to heed in the verdict rendered. That particular plaintiff was not mentioned. It was held error in the trial court to refuse to set aside the verdict.
This, though at first blush might seem merely technical, has more merit than that. There are many ways in which it would become important to have a proper verdict and judgment against all of the defendants, or in favor of some and against others. In Schweickhardt v. St. Louis, 2 Mo. App. 571, 584, it was said that, “It is far from being immaterial whether, when several are sued as jointly liable for a tort, there is a verdict in favor of one or more, while as to the rest the verdict and judgment are for the plaintiff.” The authorities cited by plaintiff as tending to support the ver*25diet are not considered to be applicable to tbe objection as here made.
In the case of Berkson v. Railway, 144 Mo. 211, tbe verdict of the jury was rendered against one defendant only and judgment was rendered against that one and in favor of tbe other defendants; and there was no complaint made of tbe incompleteness .of tbe verdict in motion for new trial. While in this case specific and special complaint is made as to tbe verdict, both in motion for new trial and in arrest, and tbe judgment (if we concede it could properly do so in tbe absence of a verdict) in no way refers to tbe defendants in whose favor tbe court directed a verdict. In fact, tbe verdict is simply a finding for plaintiff without naming any defendant. Tbe defendant city has appealed and, on tbe record presented, it has a right to complain. It may be said that tbe verdict being for tbe plaintiff without naming any of tbe defendants, it should be taken to be a general verdict against all of them. But tbe judgment is against tbe city only. And if it be suggested that because tbe court instructed tbe jury to find for tbe individual defendants, it should be assumed tbe jury did not find against them, it should be answered that a verdict cannot be made in that way. It was tbe duty of tbe jury to make a finding. We need not say what would have been tbe effect of tbe irregularities to which we have referred, bad there been no objection made, either in motion for new trial or arrest of judgment, as tbe objection was made in both these motions. We know of no way in which such manifest irregularity, inconsistency and confusion of record may be corrected except by new trial.
Tbe judgment must be reversed and tbe cause remanded.
All concur.