Court Opinion

ID: 2809812
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-06-18 17:00:38.588801+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:30:14.091421
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                       MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     HEATHER A. MELTON,                              DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                         CH-0752-09-0448-C-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY,                         DATE: June 18, 2015
                 Agency.

           Heather A. Melton, Clarksville, Tennessee, pro se.

           Gary F. Baumann, Fort Campbell, Kentucky, for the agency.

                                           BEFORE

                              Susan Tsui Grundmann, Chairman
                                 Mark A. Robbins, Member

                                           ORDER 1

¶1        The appellant has filed a petition for review of the compliance initial
     decision, which denied her petition for enforcement of the agreement that settled
     her indefinite suspension appeal. For the reasons discussed below, we GRANT
     the appellant’s petition for review, REVERSE the compliance initial decision, and
     find the agency in noncompliance with the settlement agreement as to the
     agency’s request, after the effective date of the agreement, for payment of the

     1
       This order is nonprecedential. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders, but such
     orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not required
     to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a precedential
     decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board as
     sign ificantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
                                                                                           2

     appellant’s health insurance premiums. We order the agency to file evidence of
     compliance within 45 days.
¶2        On February 12, 2009, the agency suspended the appellant indefinitely
     without pay for failing to maintain a security clearance. Melton v. Department of
     the Army, MSPB Docket No. CH-0752-09-0448-I-3, Initial Appeal File (I-3 IAF),
     Tab 16 at 14, 32-35, 49-51. The appellant filed a Board appeal in March 2009,
     challenging her suspension. Melton v. Department of the Army, MSPB Docket
     No. CH-0752-09-0448-I-1, Initial Appeal File (I-1 IAF), Tab 1.             The parties
     entered into a settlement agreement and the administrative judge issued an initial
     decision dismissing the appeal as settled.        I-3 IAF, Tab 26, Tab 27, Initial
     Decision (ID) at 2-3. The administrative judge found the Board had jurisdiction
     over the appeal and entered the agreement into the record for enforcement
     purposes. ID at 1-2.
¶3        Pursuant to paragraph 2a of the agreement, the agency paid the appellant a
     lump sum of $35,000 to cover any costs and damages. Melton v. Department of
     the Army, MSPB Docket No. CH-0752-09-0448-C-1, Compliance File (CF),
     Tab 6 at 5, 10-13, 16. In exchange, the appellant released the agency from all
     employment-related claims in paragraph 4.          Id. at 17.    The agreement also
     included a mutual release of all issues involving the appellant’s employment and
     resignation. Id. at 16.
¶4        The appellant filed a petition for enforcement alleging that the agency
     violated the terms of the settlement agreement.           CF, Tab 1 at 1-2.         The
     administrative judge issued a compliance initial decision denying the petition.
     CF, Tab 14, Compliance Initial Decision (CID) at 2, 4-5. The appellant has filed
     a petition for review. 2 Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1. The agency has

     2
       For the first time on review, the appellant submits her 2010 W-2 forms and
     2014 Th rift Savings Plan statement. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 5 at 7-8,
     14-15; see PFR File, Tab 1 at 7, Tab 2 at 7-9, 15-17, 20-21, Tab 5 at 9-13 (resubmitting
     documents submitted below); see also CF, Tab 7 at 8, Tab 12 at 4-8 (reflecting these
     documents in the record below); Meier v. Department of the Interior, 3 M.S.P.R. 247,
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     responded to the appellant’s petition for review. PFR File, Tab 4. The appellant
     has replied to the agency’s response. PFR File, Tab 5.

                       DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW
     The agency breached the settlement agreement.
¶5         On petition for review, the appellant challenges the administrative judge’s
     determination that the agency is in compliance with the settlement agreement. 3
     PFR File, Tab 1 at 5. She alleged below that the agency did not comply with the
     settlement because she received a bill from the Defense Finance and Accounting
     Service (DFAS) for health insurance premiums. CF, Tab 1 at 1-2, 20. According
     to the appellant, pursuant to paragraph 2a and the last sentence of paragraph 4 of
     the agreement, she does not owe the debt. 4 CID at 1-2. The administrative judge

     256 (1980) (declining to consider evidence submitted below as “new” evidence).
     Under 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115, the Board will not consider evidence submitted for the first
     time with the petition for review absent a showing that it was unavailab le before the
     record was closed despite the party’s due diligence. Avansino v. U.S. Postal Service,
     3 M.S.P.R. 211, 214 (1980). Because the appellant does not explain why she did not
     submit this evidence below, we decline to consider it.
     3
       Although the appellant alleges “mutual mistake” and “fraud” on review, she does not
     seek to invalidate the settlement agreement. See PFR File, Tab 1 at 5 (using the term
     “mutual mistake,” and alleging agency fraud, but not seeking to have the agreement
     found invalid); see also Hinton v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 119 M.S.P.R. 129,
     ¶ 4 (2013) (stating the bases for challenging the validity of a settlement agreement).
     Therefore, we interpret these allegations as a challenge to the administrative judge’s
     compliance determ ination.
     4
       The appellant requested an administrative wage garnishment hearing before DFAS
     regarding the Treasury Department’s collection of her debt for health insurance
     premiums that the agency paid on her behalf while she was on leave without pay
     (LWOP). CF, Tab 1 at 18-22. The hearing official determined that the debt was valid
     and that the collection of it by administrative wage garn ishment was appropriate. I d.
     at 22. However, the hearing official did not consider the settlement agreement because
     the appellant did not submit it to the official. I d. at 21. Although the issues are sim ilar,
     the appellant’s current claim is not collaterally estopped by the prior debt proceeding
     because the hearing official did not adjudicate the settlement agreement. See Tanner v.
     U.S. Postal Service, 94 M.S.P.R. 417, ¶ 11 (2003) (before a party can invoke collateral
     estoppel, the legal matter raised in the subsequent proceeding must involve the same set
     of events or documents and the same “bundle of legal princip les” that contributed to the
     rendering of the first judgment). Further, the existence of the debt is not barred by the
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     found that the agency did not breach the terms of the agreement. CID at 4-5. We
     disagree.
¶6        A settlement agreement is a contract, and, as such, will be enforced in
     accord      with   contract   law.     Torres    v.   Department     of   Homeland
     Security, 110 M.S.P.R. 482, ¶ 9 (2009) (citing Greco v. Department of the
     Army, 852 F.2d 558, 560 (Fed. Cir. 1988)). The Board will enforce a settlement
     agreement which has been entered into the record in the same manner as a final
     Board decision or order. Id., ¶ 8. Where the appellant alleges noncompliance
     with a settlement agreement, the agency must produce relevant material evidence
     of its compliance with the agreement or show that there was good cause for
     noncompliance. Id.; Crook v. Department of Housing & Urban Development, 102
     M.S.P.R. 340, ¶ 5 (2006). A breach of a settlement agreement is material when it
     relates to a matter of vital importance or goes to the essence of the contract. Kitt
     v. Department of the Navy, 116 M.S.P.R. 680, ¶ 11 (2011). The ultimate burden
     remains with the appellant to prove breach by a preponderance of the evidence.
     Crook, 102 M.S.P.R. 340, ¶ 5.
¶7        Paragraph 1 of the settlement agreement indicates that it is “in full and final
     settlement of all issues involving the employment and resignation of [the
     appellant] . . . as well as any other matters related to [her] employment with the
     [agency].” I-3 IAF, Tab 26; CF, Tab 6 at 16.
¶8        We find that paragraph 1 is unambiguous.          It contains a full and final
     settlement of all employment-related matters.         Such terms have been read
     broadly. See W. Vinten Limited v. United States, 213 Ct. Cl. 759 (1977) (per
     curiam) (a “full and final settlement” constitutes a general release of all claims

     doctrine of res judicata because, under Department of Defense (DOD) regulations, a
     debt determination does not prevent debtors from challenging the debt under other
     statutes or regulations. CF, Tab 1 at 20 (citing DOD, Financial Management
     Regulation, DOD 7000.14-R, V.5, § 281001(G), available at http://comptroller.defense.
     gov/FMR/fmrvo lumes.aspx); see Peartree v. U.S. Postal Service, 66 M.S.P.R. 332, 337
     (1995) (res judicata applies to a final judgment on the merits).
                                                                                           5

       between the parties, “which are not expressly reserved or excepted from the scope
       of the agreement”). In the past, the Board has found similar language expressed
       the parties’ desire to fully resolve their outstanding disputes related to an
       appellant’s employment with an agency.         See Laity v. Department of Veterans
       Affairs, 61 M.S.P.R. 256, 263 (1994) (a settlement that fully resolved any and all
       matters related to the issues leading to the issuance of a suspension waived the
       appellant’s appeal rights regarding not only those issues involved in the grievance
       case he actually brought but also related in any way to the agency’s actions
       leading to the suspension); see also Paderick v. Office of Personnel
       Management, 54 M.S.P.R. 456, 459 n.2 (1992) (an agreement providing that it is
       a “full and final settlement of all matters” in the appeal constitutes a waiver of the
       right to move for payment of attorney fees).
¶9          The appellant accrued a debt for health insurance premiums while on
       LWOP from February 12, 2009, through January 31, 2010, and from May 23,
       2010, through August 7, 2010. CF, Tab 1 at 20. The agreement does not address
       this debt.   See I-3 IAF, Tab 26; see also CF, Tab 6 at 16-18.           The agency
       requested payment for this debt after the effective date of the agreement. CF,
       Tab 1 at 21, Tab 6 at 16, 18. We find that the agency breached the agreement by
       requesting this payment because paragraph 1 unambiguously indicates that the
       agreement resolves all outstanding disputes related to the appellant’s employment
       with the agency.    If the agency wanted to exclude this debt from the global
       settlement agreement, then it should have so indicated in the agreement.          See
       Johnson v. U.S. Postal Service, 108 M.S.P.R. 502, ¶ 16 (2008) (regardless of
       whether he was aware of his Board appeal rights, the appellant waived them when
       his union entered into a global settlement agreement on his behalf without
       expressly reserving them), aff’d, 315 F. App’x 274 (Fed. Cir. 2009).
     ¶10    The agency argues that DFAS is a separate entity, DFAS was not a party to
       the settlement agreement between the appellant and agency, and any dispute
       between DFAS and the appellant should be settled by those two parties. PFR
                                                                                            6

      File, Tab 4 at 5; CF, Tab 6 at 5-6. We reject the agency’s arguments because
      DFAS was acting as an agent of DOD in collecting the debt, and the debt arose
      out of the appellant’s employment with the agency.               See CF, Tab 1 at 36
      (containing the statement by DFAS in a letter to the appellant that it was the
      DOD activity responsible for collecting her debt); see also Tichenor v.
      Department of the Army, 84 M.S.P.R. 386, ¶ 8 (1999) (rejecting the agency’s
      argument that severance pay withheld by DFAS was not the result of the
      agency’s action because the agency was using DFAS as its paying agent).
      The settlement agreement precludes the Board from reviewing the appellant’s
      whistleblower and retaliation claims.
¶11           The appellant alleges that she is a whistleblower because of the settlement
      of a prior employment dispute in 2007. 5 See PFR File, Tab 5 at 18; see also CF,
      Tab 7 at 1 (raising this argument below). Further, she appears to argue that the
      agency retaliated against her after she reported that the agency was spying on her
      home computer. See PFR File, Tab 1 at 5, Tab 5 at 5-6; see also CF, Tab 7
      at 2-3, Tab 12 at 3, Tab 13 at 3-4. She stated on review, “[p]lease advise me how
      I was not thrown out like trash after talking with [o]fficers and [m]ilitary
      [i]ntelligence [a]gents.” 6 PFR File, Tab 5 at 5.
¶12           To the extent that the appellant is requesting that we review her
      whistleblower reprisal claim, we decline to do so because she waived this claim
      in the settlement agreement, I-3 IAF, Tab 26; CF, Tab 6 at 16-17; see Laity,
      61 M.S.P.R. at 263 (provision stating that the agreement “fully resolves any and
      all” matters and issues leading to the appellant’s suspension was broad enough to
      support a finding that he waived the whistleblower reprisal claim stemming from
      that action). In the settlement agreement, the appellant agreed to “refrain from

      5
          The administrative judge failed to address this argument below.
      6
        The appellant filed a complaint with the Office of Special Counsel (OSC) and it issued
      a final decision that closed its inquiry into her complaint. PFR File, Tab 5 at 16-17.
      The evidence of OSC exhaustion is presented for the first time on review.
                                                                                        7

      continuing, initiating or instituting any action” with any court or administrative
      body, including the Board and Office of Special Counsel (OSC), against the
      agency concerning any matter related to her employment with the agency, which
      would include a whistleblower reprisal claim. I-3 IAF, Tab 26; CF, Tab 6 at 17.
      The suspension of the appellant’s former representative from the practice of law
      does not provide for Board review of the initial decision.
¶13         On review, the appellant filed information regarding the suspension of her
      former representative from the practice of law. PFR File, Tab 2 at 22-24. She
      argues that she was never notified about the attorney’s suspension and has no one
      to represent her. Id. at 25.
¶14         The record evidence indicates that the appellant was represented by her
      former attorney from March 4, 2009, to August 16, 2010. See I-1 IAF, Tab 1 at 8;
      see also ID at 1. He was suspended on July 25, 2014. PFR File, Tab 2 at 22.
      The appellant thus has not shown a link between her former representative’s
      suspension and the outcome of the initial appeal.        In any event, it is the
      appellant’s obligation to secure representation.      Grassell v. Department of
      Transportation, 40 M.S.P.R. 554, 564 (1989). Further, an appellant is generally
      responsible for the errors of her chosen representative.     See, e.g., Johnson v.
      Department of the Treasury, 721 F.2d 361, 365 (Fed. Cir. 1983); De Luna v.
      Department of the Navy, 58 M.S.P.R. 526, 530-31 (1993). An exception may lie
      when an appellant establishes that her diligent efforts to prosecute an appeal were
      thwarted, without her knowledge, by her attorney’s deceptions, negligence, or
      malfeasance. Pacilli v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 113 M.S.P.R. 526, ¶ 13,
      aff’d, 404 F. App’x 466 (Fed. Cir. 2010).       There is no such evidence here.
      Therefore, we find that the suspension of her former representative is immaterial
      to this appeal.
¶15         Because we have found the agency in noncompliance, the agency is being
      directed to file evidence of compliance with the Clerk of the Board and the
      appellant will be afforded an opportunity to respond to that evidence.         The
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      appellant’s petition for enforcement will be referred to the MSPB’s Office of
      General Counsel, and, depending on the nature of the submissions, an attorney
      with the Office of General Counsel may contact the parties to further discuss the
      compliance process. The parties are required to cooperate with that individual in
      good faith. Because the purpose of the proceeding is to obtain compliance, when
      appropriate, an Office of General Counsel attorney or paralegal may engage in ex
      parte communications to, among other things, better understand the evidence of
      compliance and/or any objections to that evidence. Thereafter, the Board will
      issue a final decision fully addressing the appellant’s petition for review of the
      compliance initial decision 7 and setting forth the appellant’s further appeal rights
      and the right to attorney fees, if applicable.

                                             ORDER
¶16         We ORDER the agency to submit to the Clerk of the Board within 45 days
      of the date of this decision satisfactory evidence of compliance with this decision.
      This evidence shall adhere to the requirements set forth in 5 C.F.R.
      § 1201.183(a)(6)(i), including submission of evidence and a narrative statement
      of compliance.    The agency’s submission must include proof that it properly
      cancelled the appellant’s health insurance premium debt and reimbursed the
      appellant any wage garnishments collected subsequent to August 5, 2010. We
      ORDER the appellant to cooperate in good faith in the agency’s efforts to cancel
      the health insurance premium debt and reimburse the wage garnishments, and to
      provide all necessary information the agency requests to help it carry out the
      Board’s Order. The agency must serve all parties with copies of its submission.
¶17         The Board will assign a new docket number to this matter, CH-0752-09-
      0448-X-1. All subsequent filings should refer to the new docket number set forth
      above and should be faxed to (202) 653-7130 or mailed to the following address:

      7
        The subsequent decision may incorporate the analysis and findings set forth in this
      order.
                                                                                     9

                                    Clerk of the Board
                            U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board
                                   1615 M Street, N.W.
                                 Washington, D.C. 20419

      Submissions may also be made by electronic filing at the MSPB’s e-Appeal site
      (https://e-appeal.mspb.gov) in accordance with the Board’s regulation at 5 C.F.R.
      § 1201.14.
¶18        The appellant may respond to the agency’s evidence of compliance within
      20 days of the date of service of the agency’s submission.             5 C.F.R.
      § 1201.183(a)(8). If the appellant does not respond to the agency’s evidence of
      compliance, the Board may assume that she is satisfied with the agency’s actions
      and dismiss the petition for enforcement.
¶19        The agency is reminded that, if it fails to provide adequate evidence of
      compliance, the responsible agency official and the agency’s representative may
      be required to appear before the General Counsel of the Merit Systems Protection
      Board to show cause why the Board should not impose sanctions for the agency’s
      noncompliance in this case. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.183(c). The Board’s authority to
      impose sanctions includes the authority to order that the responsible agency
      official “shall not be entitled to receive payment for service as an employee
      during any period that the order has not been complied with.”          5 U.S.C.
      § 1204(e)(2)(A).
¶20        This Order does not constitute a final order and is therefore not subject to
      judicial review under 5 U.S.C. 7703(a)(1). Upon final resolution of the remaining
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issues in this petition for enforcement by the Board, a final order shall be issued
which shall be subject to judicial review.

FOR THE BOARD:                               ______________________________
                                             William D. Spencer
                                             Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.