Court Opinion

ID: 4296403
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-07-20 20:00:29.245102+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:39:48.098459
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                             JUL 20 2018
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

NEWAY MENGISTU, an individual,                   No.   16-56591

              Plaintiff-Appellant,               D.C. No.
                                                 2:15-cv-05427-MWF-PJW
 v.

HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE CITY                    MEMORANDUM*
OF LOS ANGELES, a State of California
entity; and others to be joined under Rule
19 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure,

              Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Central District of California
                  Michael W. Fitzgerald, District Judge, Presiding

                       Argued and Submitted April 12, 2018
                              Pasadena, California

Before: SCHROEDER and M. SMITH, Circuit Judges, and CHEN,** District
Judge.

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
            The Honorable Edward M. Chen, United States District Judge for the
Northern District of California, sitting by designation.
      Plaintiff-Appellant Neway Mengistu appeals the district court’s entry of

summary judgment in favor of Defendant-Appellee, the Housing Authority of the

City of Los Angeles (“HACLA”), which had denied his request for a third

bedroom to house equipment he claimed would be medically necessary. He

brought this action under Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (the Fair

Housing Act), as amended by the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988, 42

U.S.C. § 3601 et seq.; the Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. § 12131 et

seq.; Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. § 794 et seq.;

California’s Unruh Civil Rights Act, Cal. Civ. Code § 51 et seq.; and California’s

Fair Employment and Housing Act, Cal. Gov. Code § 12900 et seq. All require

that HACLA make reasonable accommodations for physical disabilities.

      The parties do not dispute that Mengistu is disabled and requires use of a

wheelchair. He requires one bedroom for himself and one for a full-time attendant;

Mengistu asked for the third bedroom for the purpose of storing large exercise

equipment that would be used to strengthen his atrophying muscles. Mengistu

provided letters from his medical providers stating that the equipment was

necessary because it would enable him to engage in exercise with the assistance of

a trainer to strengthen his muscles and improve his cardiovascular system. A gym

was not a practical alternative because, according to one of his physicians, it

                                           2
“would take an army of people: to get him there, to get him transferred to the

equipment” and he would have to stop after only 15 minutes. Having the

equipment in his apartment, on the other hand, would allow him to exercise in

short intervals throughout the day. The physicians agreed that Mengistu could do

some exercises without the equipment, but there was no evidence that the benefits,

cardiovascular or otherwise, would have been comparable to those provided by the

exercise equipment; a rower, recumbent bike, and pulley system would allow him

to be securely seated and eliminate the need to move unguided weights. The

doctors described the equipment as a medical necessity.

      There is no dispute that HACLA was required to reasonably accommodate

Appellant’s disability. The agency’s reason for denying a particular

accommodation and the reasonableness of a particular accommodation are material

questions of fact which turn “on the individual circumstances of each case.”

Vinson v. Thomas, 288 F.3d 1145, 1154 (9th Cir. 2002) (citation omitted); see

Mustafa v. Clark Cty. Sch. Dist., 157 F.3d 1169, 1176–77 (9th Cir. 1998). In this

case, Mr. Mengistu produced sufficient medical documentation to defeat

HACLA’s motion for summary judgment. Given the unique constraints on Mr.

Mengistu’s ability to access external health facilities, a jury could reasonably find

                                           3
that Mr. Mengistu’s requested accommodation was reasonable and HACLA’s

denial was not based on a failure to certify the need for the equipment.

      The district court, however, dismissed the action on the ground that Mr.

Mengistu had not sufficiently demonstrated a nexus between the disability and the

need for a third bedroom. But the district court erred in relying on Weinreich v.

Los Angeles County, 114 F.3d 976, 978 (9th Cir. 1997). In Weinreich, a decade

elapsed between the time the plaintiff initially offered medical evidence certifying

his disability and the time the agency sought to confirm that the plaintiff was still

disabled and eligible for the benefit. See id. The plaintiff in Weinreich did not

provide any updated certification. We held the plaintiff ultimately failed to show

his exclusion from the relevant benefit program “was due to his disability.” Id.

      Here, there was no similar need for any updated certification, as Mr.

Mengistu’s doctors timely responded and confirmed the need for the equipment.

Mr. Mengistu requested the third bedroom in November of 2014. After Mr.

Mengistu received notice that his request failed to list the equipment, and after

HACLA’s Manuel Canela spoke with Dr. Kaszubowski on the phone on January

12, 2015, Doctors Kaszubowski and Gurevitch each submitted letters in February

of 2015 stating the listed equipment was a medical necessity. HACLA

nevertheless denied the request. This Court has emphasized that “[a] public

                                           4
agency may require reasonable evidence of a disability before providing

accommodations,” but an agency “may not, however, insist on data supporting a

claim of disability beyond that which would satisfy a reasonable expert in the

field.” Vinson, 288 F.3d at 1153. A reasonable jury could conclude that the

requested accommodation was reasonable and that the agency denied Mr.

Mengistu’s request solely because it chose to disregard his medical evidence, and

not because of any stale documentation.

      The doubts expressed by our dissenting colleague are to be resolved by the

jury. Because Mr. Mengistu has raised material questions of fact surrounding the

reasonableness of his requested accommodation and HACLA’s reasons for

denying it, HACLA is not entitled to summary judgment on this disputed record.

      REVERSED AND REMANDED.

                                          5
                                                                        FILED
Mengistu v. HACLA, No. 16-56591
                                                                         JUL 20 2018
M. SMITH, Circuit Judge, dissenting:                                 MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                      U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

      A disabled plaintiff is entitled to a housing accommodation only if the

accommodation “both ‘may be necessary to afford [him] equal opportunity to use

and enjoy a dwelling’ and [is] ‘reasonable’ within the meaning of that statute.”

Giebeler v. M & B Assocs., 343 F.3d 1143, 1155 (9th Cir. 2003) (first alteration in

original) (quoting 42 U.S.C. § 3604(f)(3)(B)). Here, Mengistu sought a voucher

for a third bedroom to store oversized exercise equipment. After Mengistu’s

doctors submitted letters stating that Mengistu’s requested machines were

medically necessary, HACLA sought to verify his eligibility for the voucher, as it

was entitled to do. Cf. Weinreich v. L.A. Cty. Metro. Transp. Auth., 114 F.3d 976,

978–79 (9th Cir. 1997) (affirming that a program’s certification requirement did

not violate the ADA and he was not excluded from the program based on his

disability, but based on his failure to provide updated certification on his

disability). During this verification process, one doctor acknowledged that the

listed machines were not actually medically necessary, and indicated that he had

signed the letter only because he believed that the equipment “might give

[Mengistu] added motivation to actually attempt to exercise and improve his

condition.” Further, both doctors admitted that Mengistu, not the doctors, had
found the equipment and could have stayed active without it, which would have

rendered a third bedroom for the equipment unnecessary.

      Because the third bedroom was not necessary to afford him an equal

opportunity to use and enjoy a dwelling, Mengistu was not entitled to a three-

bedroom voucher and the district court did not err in granting summary judgment

in favor of Defendant-Appellee. For this reason, I respectfully dissent.