Court Opinion

ID: 1078323
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 20:26:39.236899+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:22:04.971749
License: Public Domain

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Elder, Bray and Senior Judge Hodges
Argued at Norfolk, Virginia

THE UNINSURED EMPLOYER'S FUND

v.         Record No. 0709-95-1         MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY
                                        JUDGE RICHARD S. BRAY
CLARA ANNETTE THRUSH, et al.               JANUARY 11, 1996

         FROM THE VIRGINIA WORKERS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION

          Julia D. Tye, Assistant Attorney General (James S.
          Gilmore, III, Attorney General; John J. Beall, Jr.,
          Senior Assistant Attorney General, on brief), for
          appellant.
          Robert J. Macbeth, Jr. (Rutter & Montagna, on
          brief), for appellees.

     The Uninsured Employer's Fund (Fund) appeals the amount of

compensation awarded to the survivors (claimants) of deceased

employee, Brian Lee Thrush, by the Workers' Compensation Commission

(commission).   The Fund contends that the commission erroneously

calculated Thrush's average weekly wage.   We agree and reverse the

award.

     The parties are fully conversant with the record, and we

recite only those facts necessary to a disposition of this appeal.

     Brian Thrush, a "pipe layer by trade," was employed as a

painter by Reichert Painting Company to work for seven hours on a

single day, at a wage of $6 per hour.   He was electrocuted in the

course of such employment, survived by claimants, his wife and

minor daughter.   Acting on claimants' application for death

benefits, the commission calculated an award based upon an average

     *
      Pursuant to Code § 17-116.010 this opinion is not designated
for publication.
weekly wage of $294, using the equation, "$6 per hour x 7 = $42 per

day x 7."

     To compute an employee's "average weekly wage," the commission

must divide "[t]he earnings of the injured employee in the

employment in which he was working at the time of the injury during

the period of fifty-two weeks immediately preceding the date of the

injury, . . . by fifty-two."     Code § 65.2-101(1)(a).   If

application of this formula is rendered "impractical" by the

brevity or "casual nature" of such employment, "regard shall be had

to the average weekly amount" earned during the "fifty-two weeks

previous to the injury . . . by a person of the same grade and

character employed in the same class of employment in the same

locality or community."    Id.   "When for exceptional reasons the

foregoing would be unfair either to the employer or employee," an

alternate "method of computing average weekly wages may be resorted

to as will most nearly approximate the amount which the injured

employee would be earning were it not for the injury."     Code

§ 65.2-101(1)(b).

     "The reason for calculating the average weekly wage is to

approximate the economic loss suffered by an employee or his
beneficiaries . . . ."    Bosworth v. 7-Up Distributing Co., 4 Va.

App. 161, 163, 355 S.E.2d 339, 340 (1987).
          It [is] the duty of the Commission to make the
          best possible estimate of future impairments of
          earnings from the evidence adduced at the
          hearing, and to determine the average weekly
          wage that [the employee] was able to earn.
          This is a question of fact . . . which, if
          based on credible evidence, will not be
          disturbed on appeal.

                                  - 2 -
Pilot Freight Carriers, Inc. v. Reeves, 1 Va. App. 435, 441, 339
S.E.2d 570, 573 (1986); see Chesapeake Bay Seafood House v.

Clements, 14 Va. App. 143, 146, 415 S.E.2d 864, 866 (1992)

(citation omitted).

     Here, the record reflects an employment relationship intended

to exist for only a single day and is silent with respect to wages

of similarly situated employees during the fifty-two weeks prior to

Thrush's injury.   See Code § 65.2-101(1)(a); John Driggs Co. v.
Somers, 228 Va. 729, 733, 324 S.E.2d 694, 696 (1985).   The

commission, therefore, "resort[ed]" to an alternative "method" in

ascertaining Thrush's average weekly wage, which included in the

disputed formulation a projected work week of forty-nine hours.

Code § 65.2-101(1)(b); Dominion Associates Group, Inc. v. Queen,

17 Va. App. 764, 767, 441 S.E.2d 45, 47 (1994).

     However, the components of the commission's equation must be

supported by the evidence.   The commission has previously taken

"judicial notice" that a forty-hour work week was "normal" in the

construction trades and nothing in this record indicated otherwise.

Maywalt v. Virginia Const. Co., 63 O.I.C. 229, 230 (1984).
Nevertheless, a work week of forty-nine hours was inexplicably

adopted by the commission, resulting in a purely conjectural

calculation of Thrush's average weekly wage.

     Accordingly, we reverse the award and remand the proceedings

to the commission for redetermination of the award in accordance

with an average weekly wage based upon a forty-hour work week at $6

                                - 3 -
per hour.

               Reversed and remanded.

            - 4 -