Court Opinion

ID: 4277486
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-05-22 20:00:33.749243+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:07:14.532029
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        MAY 22 2018
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

PETER P. MITRANO,                               No. 17-35460

                Plaintiff-Appellant,            D.C. No. 4:16-cv-00013-BMM

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; KERI
A. ADORISIO,

                Defendants-Appellees.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                           for the District of Montana
                    Brian M. Morris, District Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted May 15, 2018**

Before:      SILVERMAN, BEA, and WATFORD, Circuit Judges.

      Peter P. Mitrano appeals pro se from the district court’s judgment dismissing

his action alleging violations of the Posse Comitatus Act and seeking declaratory

relief. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review de novo a

dismissal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Jachetta v. United States, 653

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
F.3d 898, 903 (9th Cir. 2011) (federal sovereign immunity); Noel v. Hall, 341 F.3d
1148, 1154 (9th Cir. 2003) (Rooker-Feldman doctrine). We affirm.

      The district court properly dismissed Mitrano’s claims alleging violations of

the Posse Comitatus Act because Mitrano failed to establish that the United States

had waived sovereign immunity for such claims. See Reed v. U.S. Dep’t of the

Interior, 231 F.3d 501, 504 (9th Cir. 2000) (“The United States can be sued only to

the extent that it has waived sovereign immunity.”); Holloman v. Watt, 708 F.2d
1399, 1401 (9th Cir. 1983) (“The party who sues the United States bears the

burden of pointing to . . . an unequivocal waiver of immunity.”).

      The district court properly dismissed Mitrano’s declaratory relief claims

under the Rooker-Feldman doctrine because Mitrano’s claims constitute a “de

facto appeal” of a prior, final state court judgment. See Noel, 341 F.3d at 1163 (“It

is a forbidden de facto appeal under Rooker-Feldman when the plaintiff in federal

district court complains of a legal wrong allegedly committed by the state court,

and seeks relief from the judgment of that court.”).

      The district court did not abuse its discretion by dismissing Mitrano’s

complaint without leave to amend because amendment would have been futile.

See Chappel v. Lab. Corp. of Am., 232 F.3d 719, 725-26 (9th Cir. 2000) (setting

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forth standard of review and explaining that dismissal without leave to amend is

proper when amendment would be futile).

      We need not resolve whether the district court should have reviewed the

magistrate judge’s findings and recommendations de novo instead of for clear error

because we conclude upon our de novo review that the district court properly

dismissed Mitrano’s action for lack of subject matter jurisdiction.

      We do not consider arguments not specifically and distinctly raised and

argued in the opening brief. See Padgett v. Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985 n.2 (9th Cir.

2009).

      Mitrano’s request for a third extension of time to file a reply brief (Docket

Entry No. 18) is denied.

      AFFIRMED.

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