Court Opinion

ID: 4438762
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-09-17 17:09:14.404042+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:32:57.712083
License: Public Domain

[Cite as Williams v. Am. Homes 4 Rent Mgt. Holdings, L.L.C., 2019-Ohio-3740.]

                             IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

                                  TENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

Alan E. Williams, et al.,                          :

                Plaintiffs-Appellants,             :
                                                                            No. 18AP-627
v.                                                 :                    (C.P.C. No. 16CV-0382)

American Homes 4 Rent                              :                 (REGULAR CALENDAR)
Management Holdings, LLC dba
AH4R-OH, LLC, et al.,                              :

                Defendants-Appellees.              :

                                          D E C I S I O N

                                 Rendered on September 17, 2019

                On brief: Buttars, Richardson & Snyder LLC, and Karl W.
                Snyder, for appellants. Argued: Karl W. Snyder.

                On brief: Reminger Co., LPA, Kevin P. Foley, and Jackie
                Jewell, for appellees. Argued: Kevin P. Foley.

                 APPEAL from the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas

BRUNNER, J.
          {¶ 1} Plaintiffs-appellants, Alan E. Williams, Delores Johnson, Amen Johnson,
and Christian Johnson (collectively referred to herein as "the Williamses"), appeal from a
decision of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas entered on May 30, 2018. In its
decision, the trial court ruled that a motion for summary judgment filed by defendants-
appellees, American Homes 4 Rent Management Holdings, LLC dba AH4R-OH, LLC and
AH4R Management-OH (collectively referred to herein as "AH4R"), was timely filed.
Because we find the trial court's decision does not constitute an abuse of discretion, we
affirm.
No. 18AP-627                                                                                             2

I. FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
        {¶ 2} The Williamses' appeal is based on procedural grounds. They assert that the
trial court abused its discretion by allowing AH4R to file a motion for summary judgment
on March 19, 2018, which they assert was after the deadline for filing dispositive motions,
and made without requiring AH4R to demonstrate excusable neglect. Based on our
independent review of the record, we conclude that the trial court's ruling did not constitute
an abuse of discretion. Rather, we find the trial court's action to be consistent with the
management of its docket. A detailed review of the record is helpful at this juncture.
        {¶ 3} The Williamses resided in a home they rented from AH4R. The Williamses
allege that AH4R had failed to properly maintain the rental home and had failed to remedy
in a reasonable time problems with the rental property that the Williamses had reported,
causing health-related issues to the Williamses' health and damage to their personal
property. See generally Compl. On January 13, 2016, the Williamses commenced the
underlying action for money damages against AH4R, asserting claims for damages
resulting from AH4R's breach of warranty of habitability, negligence, negligence per se,
nuisance, breach of contract, and battery.1
        {¶ 4} On January 13, 2016, the Franklin County Clerk of Courts generated an
original case schedule setting forth the following deadlines:
                Initial Status Conference                                 *******
                Initial Joint Disclosure of Witnesses                     11/16/16
                Supplemental Joint Disclosure of Witnesses                02/08/17
                Trial Confirmation Date                                   05/17/17
                Dispositive Motions                                       09/20/17
                Discovery Cut-Off                                         10/04/17
                Decisions on Motions                                      11/15/17
                Final Pre-Trial Conference/Order (or Both)                12/26/17 0900AM
                Trial Assignment                                          01/23/18 0900AM

(Jan. 13, 2016 Case Schedule.)

1 The Williamses allege that, due to AH4R's negligence in failing to properly maintain the house AH4R rented

to them, they endured carbon monoxide leaks, flooding in the house, sewage backing up in the house, and a
toxic black mold infestation, causing health-related issues and damaging their personal property. The
Williamses allege they notified AH4R of the ongoing problems, but that AH4R failed to remedy the problems
with the house in a reasonable time.
No. 18AP-627                                                                               3

        {¶ 5} On September 15, 2017, five days before the original deadline for the filing of
dispositive motion, the parties filed a joint motion to amend the case schedule pursuant to
Loc.R. 39.05 of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas, General Division and Civ.R.
6(B), requesting additional time to complete discovery. The joint motion stated in part:
               Currently, the dispositive motion deadline is set for
               September 20, 2017, and the discovery deadline is set for
               October 4, 2017. The Parties request that the Court extend the
               dispositive motion deadline out to December 19, 2017, and the
               discovery cutoff date to January 2, 2017. An extension of
               approximately ninety (90) days will allow for the completion of
               discovery and to ensure that this case is decided on the entirety
               of its merits. For these reasons, the Parties respectfully request
               the Court amend the case schedule and extend the dispositive
               motion and discovery deadlines out ninety (90) days. A
               memorandum setting forth the Parties' full reasoning is
               attached.

(Sept. 15, 2017 Joint Mot. to Amend at 1.) The accompanying memorandum memorialized
the Williamses' and AH4R's mutual expectations of moving for summary judgment:
               Due to scheduling conflicts, the Parties have yet to complete all
               necessary depositions, and now request additional time to
               complete discovery. As such, the Parties request a limited
               extension of the case schedule so that they may use all the
               evidence in support of their anticipated motions for summary
               judgment.

Id. at 3.
        {¶ 6} On September 21, 2017, the trial court issued a notice of status conference for
October 12, 2017, at which time counsel were to personally appear in the trial court judge's
chambers. Although our examination of the record failed to disclose any order or entry
from the trial court that expressly memorialized what transpired during the status
conference or what, if any, modification the trial court may have made to the case schedule,
the record indicates that the trial court accommodated the parties' joint request because
the parties continued to engage in discovery beyond the original cut-off date of October 4,
2017. For example, on October 6, 2017, AH4R filed notices to take depositions of three
members of the Williams family on November 2, 2017. On November 8, 2017, the
Williamses filed a notice to take the depositions of AH4R representatives on November 21,
2017. On February 20, 2018, AH4R filed its supplemental disclosure of witnesses who
No. 18AP-627                                                                                              4

might be called at trial. Additionally, AH4R had scheduled the deposition of the Williamses'
expert witness for a date in July 2018.
          {¶ 7} On October 17, 2017, the trial court entered an order converting a January 23,
2018 trial date to a status conference to be held in the trial court judge's chambers. The
trial court subsequently entered an order vacating the final pre-trial scheduled for
December 26, 2017.
          {¶ 8} On December 5, 2017, the Williamses and AH4R filed a stipulated protective
order that set forth their mutual agreements as to their respective ongoing discovery efforts.
          {¶ 9} The trial court issued a notice of status conference for February 20, 2018,
ordering counsel to personally appear in the trial court judge's chambers. As with earlier
status conferences, the record is devoid of any order or entry from the trial court that
expressly memorialized what occurred at that status conference. However, the parties
acknowledge in their briefs that their respective counsel attended the February 20, 2018
status conference, at which time the trial court orally extended the deadline to file
dispositive motions to March 19, 2018.
          {¶ 10} On February 26, 2018, the trial court issued a notice of status conference for
March 19, 2018, again ordering counsel to personally appear in the trial court judge's
chambers. The record is devoid of any order or entry from the trial court that expressly
memorialized what occurred at the March 19, 2018 status conference.
          {¶ 11} On March 19, 2018, AH4R filed a motion for summary judgment, seeking
judgment against the Williamses on liability and punitive damages on five of their six causes
of actions.2 AH4R argued in support of the motion that, although the Williamses' complaint
alleged that AH4R had failed to properly maintain the home, the Williamses' deposition
testimony confirmed that AH4R had responded quickly to remove the mold after being
notified by the Williamses. AH4R argued that it had not breached the warranty of
habitability because the home was not wholly unfit or uninhabitable. AH4R argued further
that the Williamses' negligence claim failed because AH4R had acted reasonably and was
not the proximate cause of the Williamses' alleged injuries. AH4R specifically noted that
the Williamses could not establish proximate causation because they had failed to present
expert testimony to establish that their medical conditions were caused by a toxic

2   AH4R did not seek summary judgment on the Williamses' claims for damage to their personal property.
No. 18AP-627                                                                            5

substance, and thus had failed to meet their burden of proof. AH4R argued that the mold
in the home did not constitute a nuisance under Columbus City Code Ordinance Section
4513.03(A), that the home had not been declared a nuisance and unfit for habitation by the
authorized city official, and that the Williamses had continued to live in the home on a
month-to-month basis. AH4R argued that the Williamses' breach of contract and battery
claims were unfounded because AH4R had complied with all the terms of the lease, and
there was no evidence of battery by AH4R against the Williamses. Finally, AH4R argued
that the Williamses' claim for punitive damages failed because the Williamses had failed to
provide any evidence of malice or fraud on AH4R's part. AH4R submitted, therefore, that
there remained no genuine issues of fact as to the five causes of action and that it was
entitled to summary judgment on them.
      {¶ 12} On March 26, 2018, AH4R filed the transcripts, including exhibits, of the
depositions of Delores Johnson, one of the four named plaintiffs in the underlying matter,
and an AH4R representative, John Elsey.
      {¶ 13} On March 29, 2018, the trial court issued a notice of trial scheduled for
August 6, 2018.
      {¶ 14} On April 9, 2018, the Williamses filed a memorandum contra AH4R's motion
for summary judgment. In addition to addressing AH4R's arguments in support of its
motion, the Williamses opposed the motion on the basis that it had not been timely filed.
The Williamses stated in pertinent part in their memorandum in opposition that AH4R's
motion was untimely, arguing:
             The current dispositive motion deadline lapsed on
             September 20, 2017 with decisions from the Court by
             November 15, 2017. No order allowing the filing of dispositive
             motions after that deadline exists on the docket. Neither did
             Defendant file for an extension of time pursuant to Civ.R. 6(B),
             which at this time would require a showing of excusable neglect
             for its failure to act within the original timeline. Even then,
             Loc.R. 53.01 of this Court requires dispositive motions be filed
             no later than the dispositive motion deadline on the case
             schedule. Defendant filed its Motion on March 19, 2018, or
             about six months after the dispositive motion deadline expired.
             (Def.'s Mot. Summ. J.) Defendant made no attempt to
             demonstrate excusable neglect and its Motion must be declined
             by rule.
No. 18AP-627                                                                             6

(Apr. 9, 2018 Memo. Contra Mot. for Summ. Jgmt. at 8.) The Williamses attached to their
memorandum supporting affidavits of Delores Johnson and Alan Williams, two of the
named plaintiffs in the underlying matter.
       {¶ 15} On April 16, 2018, AH4R filed a motion for oral hearing and motion for leave
to file a motion for summary judgment instanter. This motion for summary judgment was
the same motion for summary judgment filed March 19, 2018 but filed with a request for
leave to file it instanter. AH4R's memorandum in support of this motion specifically
addressed the Williamses' arguments opposing AH4R's first motion for summary
judgment, including the argument that AH4R's March 19, 2018 motion for summary
judgment was untimely filed. AH4R stated in pertinent part:
              [D]uring the status conference in chambers with [the trial court
              judge], the Judge indicated that all parties must file pleadings
              related to discovery matters, including Dispositive Motions, on
              or before March 19, 2018. [Footnote 1.] Defendants complied
              with that request. As such, the response to the Motion for
              Summary Judgment was timely filed should [sic] not be
              dismissed on procedural grounds, but should be given this
              Court's consideration.

(Apr. 16, 2018 Mot. for Leave to File Instanter at 2.) In footnote 1, AH4R stated:
              [The Williamses'] counsel specifically asked if the Judge would
              be issuing an Order moralizing [sic] the March 19, 2018
              deadline. [The judge] indicated he would not and made certain
              that the parties were aware of the deadlines prior to the next
              status conference.

Id.
       {¶ 16} AH4R simultaneously filed on April 16, 2018 a reply in support of its original
motion for summary judgment on liability and punitive damages. AH4R asserted in its
reply that the undisputed evidence remained, the Williamses had no expert testimony to
establish proximate causation and had otherwise failed to set forth specific facts showing
that there was a genuine issue for trial, and that, therefore, summary judgment was proper
as a matter of law.
       {¶ 17} On April 26, 2018, the Williamses filed a memorandum contra AH4R's
motion for leave to file a motion for summary judgment instanter and motion for oral
hearing.   The Williamses argued that AH4R could not file a motion untimely and
subsequently seek leave of court to file without demonstrating excusable neglect under
No. 18AP-627                                                                            7

Civ.R. 6(B). The Williamses' memorandum contra asserted that, although the trial court
had extended the dispositive motion filing deadline to "before March 19, 2018," AH4R's
filing still was untimely:
               The [trial] Court indicated that the parties can file motions
               before March 19, 2018 but that fact does not preclude Plaintiffs'
               argument that Defendants' filing is untimely according to the
               civil rules. Defendants again ignore the rules by moving for
               leave to file their motion after the deadline without a
               demonstration of excusable neglect pursuant to Civ.R. 6(b)(2)
               [sic]. Defendant neither filed its Motion for Summary
               Judgment on time, nor moved for an extension of time before
               the dispositive motion deadline lapsed in September 2017.
               There is no basis for the extension without a showing of
               excusable neglect, which Defendants to this point have failed to
               even attempt to make. Defendants cannot cure their negligence
               after the fact without some excuse. Leave at this late stage to
               file a second untimely motion would be improper.

(Apr. 26, 2018 Memo. Contra Mot. to File Instanter at 1.)
       {¶ 18} On May 3, 2018, AH4R filed a reply in support of its April 16, 2018 motion,
renewing the contention that the motion for summary judgment was timely filed:
               Defense counsel sought leave from the [trial] Court during the
               status conference to filed it Motion for Summary [sic] based on
               the delayed discovery that occurred, including the depositions
               of the Plaintiffs in November 2017 and the unsuccessful
               mediation that occurred in December 2017. The [trial] Court
               granted the requested [sic] by indicating that all parties must
               file pleadings related to discovery matters, including the
               Dispositive Motions, on or before March 19, 2018. Defendants
               timely filed their Motion for Summary Judgment on March 19,
               2018.

(May 3, 2018 Reply in Support of Mot. at 1.)
       {¶ 19} By entry filed May 30, 2018, the trial court ruled that, "[u]pon [AH4R's]
motion, and for good cause shown," AH4R's motion for summary judgment had been
timely filed. (May 30, 2018 Entry at 1.) The trial court found it unnecessary to conduct an
oral hearing on the matter. The record reflects that AH4R's motion for summary judgment
filed April 16, 2018 was "[r]eleased to clear docket." Id. at 3.
       {¶ 20} By decision and entry filed July 26, 2018, the trial court granted AH4R's
motion for summary judgment as to the Williamses' claims for breach of warranty of
No. 18AP-627                                                                                                 8

habitability, breach of contract, battery, negligence per se, and nuisance, and summary
judgment in part on the Williamses' claim for negligence as it pertained to medical
damages.3
        {¶ 21} On August 3, 2018, the Williamses voluntarily dismissed their remaining
claim against AH4R without prejudice, pursuant to Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(a).
        {¶ 22} On August 21, 2018, the Williamses filed this appeal.
II. ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
        {¶ 23} The Williamses present a single assignment of error for our review:
                 The trial court abused its discretion when it granted [AH4R]
                 leave to file a dispositive motion after the deadline for such
                 action had lapsed and without any demonstration of excusable
                 neglect as required by Ohio Rule of Civil Procedure 6(D)4 [sic].

III. LAW AND DISCUSSION
        {¶ 24} Ordinarily, our review of summary judgment is de novo. Rose v. Ohio Dept.
of Rehab. & Corr., 173 Ohio App.3d 767, 2007-Ohio-6184, ¶ 18 (10th Dist.), citing Helton
v. Scioto Cty. Bd. of Commrs., 123 Ohio App.3d 158, 162 (4th Dist.1997), and Mergenthal
v. Star Banc Corp., 122 Ohio App.3d 100, 103 (12th Dist.1997). Here, the sole assignment
of error relates to the trial court's exercise of discretion in granting leave to file a motion for
summary judgment and is procedural.5 Our discussion will focus primarily on the law
related to the Williamses' procedural arguments, but we will review the record such that we
satisfy for ourselves that not only was the trial court within its discretion to consider AH4R's
motion for summary judgment, but that it fairly granted the motion.
        {¶ 25} Having thoroughly reviewed the record and the parties' briefs and listened to
oral arguments, it appears, and we conclude, that the trial court had apprised all parties at
the February 20, 2018 status conference that it was extending the deadline for filing
dispositive motions to March 19, 2018. We find, therefore, that the trial court did not abuse

3 The Williamses' claim of negligence as to damages to their personal property, for which AH4R had not sought

summary judgment, remained pending before the trial court.
4 We take notice that the Williamses' citation to Ohio Rule of Civil Procedure 6(D) in their assignment of error
is a typographical error. The Williamses otherwise cite the relevant rule, Civ.R. 6(B), in their pleadings filed
with this Court and the trial court.
5 The Williamses' assignment of error is that the trial court abused its discretion when it determined that

AH4R's motion for summary judgment was timely filed on March 19, 2018, without requiring AH4R to
demonstrate excusable neglect. AH4R argues that the fundamental issue of this appeal is whether the trial
court has the right to control its docket.
No. 18AP-627                                                                                                   9

its discretion in ruling that AH4R's motion was timely filed, removing any need for AH4R
to file a motion for leave or to demonstrate excusable neglect.
        {¶ 26} Even if we had been persuaded by the Williamses' arguments that AH4R's
filing was untimely, we still would not have found that the trial court had abused its
discretion under the facts of this matter. Civ.R. 6(B) states in pertinent part as follows:
                 Time; extension. When by these rules or by a notice given
                 thereunder or by order of court an act is required or allowed to
                 be done at or within a specified time, the court for cause shown
                 may at any time in its discretion (1) with or without motion or
                 notice order the period enlarged if request therefor is made
                 before the expiration of the period originally prescribed or as
                 extended by a previous order, or (2) upon motion made after
                 the expiration of the specified period permit the act to be done
                 where the failure to act was the result of excusable neglect.

        {¶ 27} It is well-settled that Civ.R. 6(B) grants broad discretion to a trial court
concerning procedural matters, and that a ruling by a trial court under Civ.R. 6(B) will be
upheld absent an abuse of discretion. State ex rel. Lindenschmidt v. Butler Cty. Bd. of
Commrs., 72 Ohio St.3d 464, 465 (1995). An abuse of discretion occurs when a trial court's
discretionary judgment is unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable.                            State ex rel.
McCann v. Delaware Cty. Bd. of Elections, 155 Ohio St.3d 14, 2018-Ohio-3342, ¶ 12; State
v. Meek, 10th Dist. No. 16AP-549, 2017-Ohio-9258, ¶ 23. Even under an abuse of discretion
standard, however, "no court has the authority, within its discretion, to commit an error of
law." Shaw v. Underwood, 10th Dist. No. 16AP-605, 2017-Ohio-845, ¶ 25; State v. Akbari,
10th Dist. No. 13AP-319, 2013-Ohio-5709, ¶ 7. In other words, though careless language
has sometimes suggested otherwise,6 we note that an abuse of discretion may involve an

6 Frequent perfunctory citation to Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 Ohio St. 3d 217 (1983), has often resulted in the
incorrect suggestion that an abuse of discretion is "more than a mere error of law or judgment." (Emphasis
added.) See, e.g., State v. Clinton, 153 Ohio St.3d 422, 2017-Ohio-9423, ¶ 60, citing Blakemore at 219. This
concept originated in Steiner v. Custer, and Steiner came by it through reference to the second edition of
Black's Law Dictionary. Steiner v. Custer, 137 Ohio St. 448, 451 (1940). However, Steiner's comments on
abuse of discretion were only "in relation to the present controversy," and did not purport to define the term
generally. Id. Moreover, the second edition of Black's actually did not include the language that abuse of
discretion is "more than a mere error of law or judgment." (Emphasis added.) Clinton at ¶ 60; Blakemore at
219. Rather, that early edition of Black's defined abuse of judicial discretion by stating, "[t]his term, commonly
employed to justify an interference by a higher court with the exercise of discretionary power by a lower court,
implies not merely an error of judgment, but perversity of will, passion, prejudice, partiality, or moral
delinquency. The exercise of an honest judgment, however erroneous it may appear to be, is not an abuse of
discretion." (Emphasis added.) Black's Law Dictionary 11 (2d Ed.1910).
No. 18AP-627                                                                                                 10

error in legal decision making such that " '[a] court abuses its discretion when its ruling is
founded on an error of law or a misapplication of law to the facts.' " Independence v. Office
of the Cuyahoga Cty. Exec., 142 Ohio St.3d 125, 2014-Ohio-4650, ¶ 49, quoting Doe v. Natl.
Bd. of Med. Examiners, 199 F.3d 146, 154 (Fed.Cir.1999). Here, in effect, the Williamses
argue both that the trial court did not follow the civil rules and acted arbitrarily in using its
discretion to accept AH4R's motion for summary judgment filed March 19, 2018.
        {¶ 28} In making their argument, the Williamses submit that AH4R could have
taken several courses of action that would have facilitated timely filing of the March 19,
2018 motion for summary judgment without running afoul of the original September 20,
2017 dispositive motion filing deadline of the original case schedule. The Williamses posit
that AH4R could have filed a motion to extend the original deadline or could have requested
leave to file, supported with a demonstration of excusable neglect. The Williamses'
argument is not well-taken, given that the record shows they had filed a joint motion to
amend the case schedule to extend the cut-off dates for discovery and dispositive motions,
had filed a stipulated protective order about discovery that occurred well after the cut-off
date on the original case schedule, were actively engaged in discovery after the original cut-
off date, and had attended the status conferences at which the parties discussed extensions
of deadlines with the trial court.
        {¶ 29} In any event, it is well-settled law that it is within a trial court's discretion to
grant leave for the filing of a motion for summary judgment, even if the case is set for trial.
Indermill v. United Savs., Inc., 5 Ohio App.3d 243 (9th Dist.1982); Woodman v. Tubb
Jones, 103 Ohio App.3d 577, 582 (8th Dist.1995). An appellate court will not reverse the

The modern edition of Black's, defines abuse of discretion so as to fully take into account the fact that an error
of law constitutes an abuse of discretion. It states that an abuse of discretion is "[a]n adjudicator's failure to
exercise sound, reasonable, and legal decision-making," or "[a]n appellate court's standard for reviewing a
decision that is asserted to be grossly unsound, unreasonable, illegal, or unsupported by the evidence."
(Emphasis added.) Black's Law Dictionary 12 (10th Ed.2014). Moreover, courts that have directly considered
the matter have invariably concluded that a court does not have discretion to violate the law. See State v.
Boles, 187 Ohio App.3d 345, 2010-Ohio-278, ¶ 15-26 (2d Dist.) (discussing the varying formulations of what
constitutes abuse of discretion and concluding "[n]o court -- not a trial court, not an appellate court, nor even
a supreme court -- has the authority, within its discretion, to commit an error of law"); see also, e.g., State v.
Robinson, 10th Dist. No. 17AP-707, 2018-Ohio-1166, ¶ 7; State v. Moncrief, 10th Dist. No. 13AP-391, 2013-
Ohio-4571, ¶ 7. In short, though Steiner's incautious misstatement of Black's has continued to persist in the
caselaw as an improper generalized definition, the modern Supreme Court of Ohio has opined, " '[a] court
abuses its discretion when its ruling is founded on an error of law or a misapplication of law to the facts.' "
Independence v. Office of the Cuyahoga Cty. Exec., 142 Ohio St.3d 125, 2014-Ohio-4650, ¶ 49, quoting Doe
v. Natl. Bd. of Med. Examiners, 199 F.3d 146, 154(Fed.Cir.1999).
No. 18AP-627                                                                                 11

trial court's decision granting leave to file a motion for summary judgment absent an abuse
of discretion. The record demonstrates none here. The record supports several conclusions
to the contrary. First, the trial court may have exercised its discretion to clarify, extend or
modify its oral pronouncement creating a deadline for dispositive motions "to March 19,
2018" such that it meant "on or before March 19, 2018." Alternatively, the trial court may
have determined that the instanter second motion that AH4R filed was sufficient to warrant
its consideration of its March 19, 2018 motion for summary judgment before trial in order
to efficiently resolve certain issues that did not necessitate a trial. In short, we find nothing
in the record to support the Williamses' contention that in granting leave to file the motion
for summary judgment was an abuse of discretion.
       {¶ 30} Civ.R. 56 governs motions for summary judgment and provides:
              (B) For defending party. A party against whom a claim,
              counterclaim, or cross-claim is asserted or a declaratory
              judgment is sought may, at any time, move with or without
              supporting affidavits for a summary judgment in the party's
              favor as to all or any part of the claim, counterclaim, cross-
              claim, or declaratory judgment action. If the action has been set
              for pretrial or trial, a motion for summary judgment may be
              made only with leave of court.

       {¶ 31} AH4R's May 3, 2018 reply in support of its April 16, 2018 summary judgment
motion describes how AH4R's counsel had sought leave from the trial court during the
February 20, 2018 status conference to file a motion for summary judgment "based on the
delayed discovery that occurred, including the depositions of the Plaintiffs in November
2017 and the unsuccessful mediation that occurred in December 2017." (AH4R's Brief at
10.) AH4R asserts that the trial court granted AH4R's request "by indicating that all parties
must file pleadings related to discovery matters, including the Dispositive Motions, on or
before March 19, 2018." (May 3, 2018 Reply in Support at 1.) The trial court, by entry dated
May 30, 2018, stated that, "[u]pon Motion of [AH4R], and for good cause shown, [AH4R's]
Motion for Summary Judgment was timely filed." The court's entry supports AH4R's
assertions that its motion for summary judgment was timely filed, based on the trial court
having extended the filing deadline for dispositive motions to March 19, 2018.
       {¶ 32} A trial court also may grant leave to file a motion for summary judgment by
ruling on the merits of the summary judgment motion. Woodman at 582, citing Indermill
at 243. In Indermill, plaintiffs argued the trial court had erred in ruling on defendant's
No. 18AP-627                                                                               12

motion for summary judgment without leave from the trial court. Indermill at 243. The
Ninth District Court of Appeals observed that, although the record contained no evidence
that the trial court had granted leave, a summary judgment motion was filed, the parties
fully briefed the merits of the motion, and the trial court ruled on the issues presented. Id.
The Ninth District stated that "[d]efendant contends that it had verbal leave to file. In any
event, we are of the opinion that the consideration of the motion was within the discretion
of the judge and that that discretion was not abused here." Id. at 244.
       {¶ 33} The record before us demonstrates that the underlying case is similar to
Indermill with respect to the trial court's handling of AH4R's motion for summary
judgment. After the parties had fully briefed the motion, the trial court issued a six-page
decision that considered the merits of the underlying issues, and in doing so, addressed the
arguments raised by the parties, concluding that summary judgment was appropriate.
Assuming arguendo that AH4R should have been granted leave to file its motion for
summary judgment, the trial court's action manifested its intention to grant such leave,
based on Indermill.
       {¶ 34} Additionally, this Court has upheld trial courts' grants of leave for filing
motions for summary judgment after filing deadlines expired. In Browning v. Navistar
Internatl. Transp. Corp., 10th Dist. No. 91AP-1286, 1992 WL 112618, 1992 Ohio App.
LEXIS 2621 (May 19, 1992), we affirmed the trial court's grant of leave to file a motion for
summary judgment, holding that "[t]he trial court's action was not arbitrary or capricious
since it appeared that discovery had been completed and that there was a valid basis for
contending that there were no genuine issues of fact to be tried, a position later adopted by
the trial court in ruling upon the motion for summary judgment." In Pache Mgt. Co. v.
Lusk, 10th Dist. No. 96APE10-1302, 1997 WL 254096, 1997 Ohio App. LEXIS 2104
(May 15, 1997), we held that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in hearing the merits
of appellees' motion for summary judgment, even though it was filed after the deadline cut-
off date for dispositive motions in the case schedule.
       {¶ 35} The Williamses' claim that the trial court's decision to allow AH4R to file its
motion for summary judgment on March 19, 2018 cut short their option heading into trial
is not well-taken. Taken altogether, the record indicates that the parties were fully
cognizant that the trial court had extended the deadline to file dispositive motions to
No. 18AP-627                                                                               13

March 19, 2018, and that AH4R intended to file a motion for summary judgment.
Moreover, that fact that the trial court scheduled a status conference on that date lends
more credence to that conclusion. The trial court had before it the intentions of the parties
to short circuit certain issues for trial in the form of motions for summary judgment and
could further explore whether certain issues were ripe for settlement, having already once
sent the parties to mediation, necessitating extension of the case filing schedule in the first
instance. Viewing the record in its entirety, we cannot reach any other conclusion than the
trial court proceeded within its discretion in considering the motion for summary judgment
as timely filed.
       {¶ 36} Finally, our examination of the record for the substantive issues contained
within the trial court's decision granting summary judgment indicates that the Williamses
did not undertake options available to them to protect and preserve their claims after the
February 20, 2018 status conference, after the filing of the motion for summary judgment
on March 19, 2018, after the trial court's ruling on May 30, 2018 that AH4R's motion was
timely filed, or at any time prior to the trial court entering summary judgment in favor of
AH4R on the record on July 26, 2018. The Williamses could have filed a motion pursuant
to Civ.R. 56(F), which provides:
               When affidavits unavailable. Should it appear from the
               affidavits of a party opposing the motion for summary
               judgment that the party cannot for sufficient reasons stated
               present by affidavit facts essential to justify the party's
               opposition, the court may refuse the application for judgment
               or may order a continuance to permit affidavits to be obtained
               or discovery to be had or may make such other order as is just.

Regardless of the Williamses' claim on appeal, their decision not to undertake some other
protective course of action relating to the substantive, as opposed to largely procedural,
issues relating to AH4R's motion for summary judgment, is beyond our review.
       {¶ 37} Based on our close and thorough examination of the record, the parties' briefs
and oral arguments and the law as applied to the procedural and factual circumstances of
this appeal, we conclude that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in finding AH4R's
motion for summary judgment filed on March 19, 2018 was timely or in its considering the
arguments of the motion and granting summary judgment. Inasmuch as the Williamses
have not presented any assignment of error as to the validity of the trial court's ruling on
No. 18AP-627                                                                              14

AH4R's motion for summary judgment, we find it on de novo review to be supported by the
record and will not disturb it. The Williamses' sole assignment of error is overruled.
       {¶ 38} Finally, we address AH4R's request that we afford it reasonable attorney fees
pursuant to App.R. 23. We decline to find that the Williamses' appeal is frivolous and
hereby deny AH4R's request.
IV. CONCLUSION
       {¶ 39} Based on our independent review of the record, we hold that the trial court
did not abuse its discretion in ruling that AH4R's motion for summary judgment was timely
filed nor in considering it before trial. We overrule the Williamses' sole assignment of error
and affirm the judgment of the Franklin County Court of Common Pleas.
                                                                        Judgment affirmed.

                       BEATTY BLUNT and NELSON, JJ., concur.