Court Opinion

ID: 2815574
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-07-08 19:44:15.444975+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:30:36.928099
License: Public Domain

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,                     IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                        PENNSYLVANIA
                             Appellee

                       v.

GEORGE BOOKER,

                             Appellant                 No. 2705 EDA 2014

                 Appeal from the PCRA Order September 9, 2014
              in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
                Criminal Division at No.: CP-51-CR-0224101-1982

BEFORE: MUNDY, J., OLSON, J., and PLATT, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY PLATT, J.:                                FILED JULY 08, 2015

        Appellant, George Booker,1 appeals pro se from the order dismissing

his petition for collateral relief as untimely under the Post Conviction Relief

Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546, without a proven exception to the

statutory time-bar.         Appellant claims the United States Supreme Court’s

holding in Miller v. Alabama, 132 S. Ct. 2455 (2012), should apply

retroactively to him. Miller does not apply. We affirm.

        On July 16, 1982, a jury convicted Appellant of murder of the second

degree, robbery, and conspiracy. On March 14, 1984, the court imposed a
____________________________________________

*
    Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
1
  Appellant is also referred to as “George Brooker” in the record and in
previous appeals. Appellant also went by the alias of “Bernard Croaker.”
(See Municipal Court Hearing List, 1/12/82).
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sentence of life imprisonment.2 This Court affirmed judgment of sentence.

(See Commonwealth v. Booker, 501 A.2d 290 (Pa. Super. 1985)

(unpublished memorandum)).              Our Supreme Court denied allowance of

appeal on April 2, 1986. (See Commonwealth v. Booker, No. 957 EDA

1985 (Pa. 1986)).3

       The conviction arose out of the robbery and murder of Paul Lehman

outside his home in the early morning hours of Tuesday, January 20, 1981

by Appellant and two cohorts.4          Mr. Lehman operated a newsstand which

also sold lottery tickets.       Police investigating the crime determined, and

testimony at trial confirmed, that it was well known in Mr. Lehman’s

Philadelphia neighborhood that on Tuesdays he would carry from $10,000 to

$15,000 in cash, the weekly proceeds of the lottery machine, from his home,

____________________________________________

2
  The court also sentenced Appellant to a concurrent term of not less than
five nor more than ten years’ imprisonment for conspiracy, not at issue in
this appeal.
3
  Because Appellant did not petition for a writ of certiorari in the United
States Supreme Court, his conviction became final on June 2, 1986 (June 1
fell on a Sunday), when the time for doing so expired under the then-
applicable Supreme Court Rule. (See Commonwealth’s Brief, at 8 n.1).
Appellant filed the instant petition on July 2, 2010, twenty-four years after
his judgment of sentence was final. (See PCRA Court Opinion, 12/08/14, at
1). The petition was therefore untimely on its face unless it fell within one of
the three enumerated exceptions to the statutory time-bar.              See 42
Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1).
4
  Both of Appellant’s co-conspirators were also convicted and received life
sentences.

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in a brown paper bag, for a required bank deposit with the Pennsylvania

lottery commission. (See N.T. Trial, 7/09/82, at 37).

        Significantly, notations in the certified record (and in Appellant’s own

reproduced record) confirm that Appellant was born on September 21, 1962.

Accordingly, on the day of the murder he was over eighteen years old.5

        Following his direct appeal, Appellant filed numerous petitions for

collateral relief, alleging a variety of claims including recantation of trial

testimony, the belated proffer of alibi witnesses, his purported exoneration

by fellow inmates who claimed to be the real perpetrators, and accusations

that he was framed by the police. All were rejected and none is at issue in

this appeal. After the PCRA court dismissed the instant petition pursuant to

Pennsylvania Rule of Criminal Procedure 907, (on September 9, 2014), as

untimely with no statutory exception to the time bar applicable, Appellant

timely filed a notice of appeal, on September 15, 2014.6

        Appellant raises one question for our review on appeal:

              [Is Appellant entitled to PCRA relief because he] was under
        the age of 18 when the crime was committed, and [Appellant]
        raised the following equal protection claim, under the U.S.
        Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution to assert the new
        Eighth Amendment right in Miller v. Alabama, June 6, 2012,
        that mandatory sentences of life without parole are considered
____________________________________________

5
    Specifically, he was eighteen years, three months, and thirty days old.
6
  The PCRA court did not order a Rule 1925(b) statement of errors. The
court filed its Rule 1925(a) opinion (signed 11/17/14) on December 8, 2014.
See Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925.

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       cruel and unusual punishment for any defendant with an
       immature brains [sic] [?]

(Appellant’s Brief, at VII) (some capitalization and other punctuation

omitted).

       Our standard and scope of review are well-settled.

             We review an order dismissing a petition under the PCRA
       in the light most favorable to the prevailing party at the PCRA
       level. This review is limited to the findings of the PCRA court
       and the evidence of record. We will not disturb a PCRA court’s
       ruling if it is supported by evidence of record and is free of legal
       error. This Court may affirm a PCRA court’s decision on any
       grounds if the record supports it. We grant great deference to
       the factual findings of the PCRA court and will not disturb those
       findings unless they have no support in the record. However, we
       afford no such deference to its legal conclusions. Further, where
       the petitioner raises questions of law, our standard of review is
       de novo and our scope of review is plenary.

Commonwealth v. Reed, 107 A.3d 137, 140 (Pa. Super. 2014) (citation

omitted).

       Here, preliminarily, we note for the sake of completeness and

consistency of the record that Appellant is a serial petitioner; this is his

sixth, or eighth, petition for collateral relief.7   In any event, Appellant’s

repeated claim in the instant petition─that he was a juvenile aged seventeen
____________________________________________

7
  The PCRA court identifies Appellant’s instant petition as his sixth. (See
PCRA Court Opinion, 12/08/14, at 1). The Commonwealth states that this is
Appellant’s eighth petition. (See Commonwealth’s Brief, at 2). This Court
has previously noted that the Commonwealth, providing relevant dates for
all filings, maintained that Appellant’s last PCRA petition was his seventh.
(See Commonwealth v. Booker, No. 2005 EDA 2009 (Pa. Super. filed
April 28, 2010, at 1 n.2) (unpublished memorandum)).

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at the time of the murder─is belied by the certified record, as well as his

own reproduced record.    (See Court Commitment, 3/14/84 [date of birth

9/21/62]; see also Appellant’s Reproduced Record, at unnumbered page 4,

Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas Criminal Docket, Defendant

Information [date of birth 09/21/1962]).    Accordingly, Appellant’s current

self-serving claim that he was under the age of eighteen at the time the

crime was committed is contradicted by the record. Appellant’s claim has no

merit.

      Moreover, even assuming, contrary to the facts of record, that

Appellant was under the age of eighteen when he committed the crime at

issue, his claim would not merit relief. Appellant argues that Miller should

be applied retroactively. (See Appellant’s Brief, at 3-4). We disagree.

      The United States Supreme Court has not ruled that Miller is

retroactive.   Furthermore, our Supreme Court decided that Miller is not

retroactive, in Commonwealth v. Cunningham, 81 A.3d 1, 11 (Pa. 2013),

cert. denied, 134 S. Ct. 2724 (2014).      See also Reed, supra at 144

(determining that there is no reasonable doubt about our Supreme Court’s

conclusion in Cunningham on the non-retroactivity of Miller).

      Appellant also cites Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. 48 (2010), as

modified (July 6, 2010). (See Appellant’s Brief, at 1). Appellant’s reliance

on Graham is misplaced, because Graham by its express terms applied to

juveniles who did not commit homicide. See Graham, supra at 82. Here,

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the jury convicted Appellant of homicide, specifically, murder of the second

degree.

      Appellant asks this Court to postpone its decision in his appeal pending

the disposition of Toca v. Louisiana, [135 S. Ct. 781 (2014)], cert.

dismissed, 135 S. Ct. 1197 (2015)]. (See Appellant’s Brief, at 7). However,

as noted, the writ of certiorari in that case has been dismissed:

      The United States Supreme Court had granted certiorari in Toca
      v. Louisiana, ––– U.S. ––––, 135 S. Ct. 781, 190 L.Ed.2d 649
      (2014), cert. dismissed, ––– U.S. ––––, 135 S. Ct. 1197, 191
      L.Ed.2d 149 (2015), to decide the retroactivity of Miller.
      However, the writ of certiorari was dismissed upon written
      agreement of the parties under Supreme Court Rule 46(1) on
      February 3, 2015. On March 23, 2015, the Supreme Court
      granted certiorari in Montgomery v. Louisiana, ––– U.S. ––––,
      135 S. Ct. 1546, ––– L.Ed.2d –––– (2015), which again presents
      the Miller [retroactivity] question. Nonetheless, until the United
      States Supreme Court issues its decision, Cunningham remains
      the final word on the issue in Pennsylvania.

Commonwealth v. Cristina, 2015 WL 1730538 (Pa. Super. filed April 14,

2015) (filed April 14, 2015) (Mundy, J., concurring, at n.1).

      Appellant was not a juvenile when he committed the crime at issue.

But even if he were, our Supreme Court has decided in Cunningham that

Miller does not apply retroactively in Pennsylvania.            The PCRA court

properly dismissed Appellant’s petition as untimely with no exception to the

statutory time bar proven.

      Our reasoning differs in part from that of the PCRA court. However,

we may affirm the PCRA court’s order on any basis, provided it is legally

correct. See Reed, supra at 144.

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     Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 7/8/2015

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