Court Opinion

ID: 4594537
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-11-20 19:13:09.992304+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T07:51:16.257207
License: Public Domain

Gennaro A. Carbone, Petitioner, v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Respondent.  Max Sandler, Petitioner, v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, RespondentCarbone v. CommissionerDocket Nos. 10993, 11356United States Tax Court8 T.C. 207; 1947 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 298; January 29, 1947, Promulgated *298 An order of dismissal will be entered in each docket number.  Jurisdiction.  -- The petitions herein were filed more than 90 days after notice of transferee liability was sent by respondent by registered mail to an address other than each petitioner's "last known address" and such notices were undelivered and returned by the postal authorities to the respondent, who subsequently sent copies of such notices by ordinary mail to petitioners' attorney.  Held, that the proceedings must be dismissed for want of jurisdiction, because of lack of required statutory notice; held, further, respondent's motions to dismiss are denied, and petitioners' motions to dismiss are granted.  Harvey L. Rabbitt, Esq., for the petitioners.R. C. Whitley, Esq., for the respondent.  Tyson, Judge.  TYSON *207  These proceedings involve an alleged liability of each petitioner as a transferee of the assets of Villanova Officers' Club, Inc., for deficiencies in income and excess profits taxes, together with penalties and interest totaling $ 1,212.18 due from the alleged transferor for the period October 1, to December 31, 1943, and for deficiencies in income and excess profits taxes and declared value excess profits tax, together with penalties and interest totaling *300  $ 47,270.04 due from the alleged transferor for the calendar year 1944.Each petition alleges that "The notice of liability as transferee (a copy of which is attached and marked Exhibit A) was mailed to the petitioner's attorney on February 18, 1946," and that respondent made a jeopardy assessment in the amount of $ 48,482.22 on the August 1945 list against the petitioner as transferee of the Villanova Officers' Club, Inc., Fayetteville, North Carolina.  The questions raised by each petition are whether respondent: Failed to send the deficiency notice by registered mail to the last known address of petitioner; erred in determining that petitioner is liable as a transferee; and in his determination of the tax liability of the Villanova Officers' Club, Inc., including fraud and delinquency penalties.These proceedings were heard on the respondent's and the petitioners' respective formal written motions to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction. The two questions presented are whether both proceedings should be dismissed for lack of jurisdiction on the grounds: (1) That each petition was filed more than 90 days after the mailing of the transferee liability notice, which question is presented*301  by respondent's motion, or, (2) that respondent did not properly mail the required statutory notice of the asserted transferee liability to each petitioner *208  at his last known address and as a result such notice was never received by him, this latter question being presented by petitioners' motions.FINDINGS OF FACT.The Villanova Officers' Club, Inc., was incorporated in September 1943, and from about that time until August 4, 1945, it operated a cabaret in rented premises at 332 Franklin Street, Fayetteville, North Carolina.  The petitioners were stockholders and officers of that corporation.On August 4, 1945, the collector of internal revenue seized the premises of the Villanova Officers' Club, Inc., to secure payment for certain cabaret taxes imposed on August 2, 1945, and padlocked the doors, placing a United States Government seal on the lock. Thereafter, petitioners were denied right of entry for any purpose and were never able to receive any mail there.  The collector also seized the corporation's bank account in Fayetteville and seized Max Sandler's personal automobile, which bore a North Carolina license and was registered in his name and address at 120 Lamon Street, *302  Fayetteville.  On September 28, 1945, the corporation's equipment and property located on the seized premises were sold at public auction.On August 4, 1945, and since September 1943, Sandler resided at 120 Lamon Street, and on August 4, 1945, Carbone resided at 1414 Fort Bragg Road, Fayetteville.  Sandler received all of his personal mail at his residence and his business mail at the club, and Carbone received all of his mail at the club. Neither man ever resided at the club. Sandler filed personal income tax returns for 1945 and 1946 and gave his address thereon as 120 Lamon Street, Fayetteville, North Carolina.On August 4, 1945, following the seizure of the club's premises, internal revenue agents interviewed both petitioners and made request for their respective home addresses.  Sandler gave his home address as 120 Lamon Street, Fayetteville, North Carolina, and Carbone gave his home address as 1414 Fort Bragg Road, Fayetteville, North Carolina, but in addition Carbone stated that he expected to go to New York within a few days and that his address would thereafter be 1213 79th Street, Brooklyn, New York, where his wife was living.  The agents made written memoranda of such*303  addresses.  Sandler continued to reside at his Fayetteville home address during August, September, and October, 1945, and during that time had at least a dozen interviews with the revenue agents and deputy collector.After the seizure of the club premises, Carbone went to the post office and received some mail addressed to the Villanova Officers' Club, Inc., and he directed that in the future such mail be held at the post office, where it would be called for.  Thereafter, personal calls were *209  made at the post office from time to time, but there was no further mail addressed either to the Villanova Officers' Club or to petitioners at 332 Franklin Street, Fayetteville.About the middle of August 1945 Carbone left Fayetteville and went to the Brooklyn address he had given the revenue agents, where he still resides.  On August 23, 1945, an internal revenue agent telephoned Carbone at his Brooklyn address, asking if he was the same Gennaro Carbone who had resided in Fayetteville and requesting information as to his bank accounts.  On or about August 24, 1945, Carbone's three New York bank accounts were seized and his lock box sealed by internal revenue agents.On September 12, *304  1945, the internal revenue agent in charge, Greensboro, North Carolina, division, sent a notice of transferee liability, by registered mail, addressed to each petitioner, respectively, at 332 Franklin Street, Fayetteville, North Carolina.  Those notices were never received by petitioners.  On brief, respondent admits that the notices were returned to him and were never remailed to petitioners by either registered or ordinary mail. At no time during the period from August through December 1945, inclusive, were petitioners advised, nor in any manner did they acquire knowledge of, the proposed transferee liability asserted in the notices of September 12, 1945.On January 17, 1946, petitioners received from the collector of internal revenue, Brooklyn, New York, a notice of demand for payment of $ 48,482.22, addressed to 1213 79th Street, Brooklyn, New York.On February 18, 1946, the Deputy Commissioner of Internal Revenue at Washington, D. C., at the request of petitioners' attorney, mailed the latter a copy of each of the above mentioned transferee liability notices dated September 12, 1945.  Such copies were attached to the petitions filed in these proceedings.  Carbone's petition *305  was filed on May 20, 1946, and Sandler's petition was filed on June 18, 1946.The respondent did not mail the September 12, 1945, notices of transferee liability to the petitioners at their respective addresses as last known to respondent prior to and at the time of the mailing of such notices.OPINION.The applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, effective during 1945, are set forth in the margin.  1 Respondent *210  contends that in mailing the registered notice of transferee liability on September 12, 1945, addressed to each petitioner at 332 Franklin Street, Fayetteville, North Carolina, he complied with the statutory requirements, particularly with those in section 311 (e), supra, providing that the notice shall be sufficient "if mailed to the person subject to the liability at his last known address." Respondent further contends that such Franklin Street address was the latest mailing address of the petitioners known to respondent on September 12, 1945, for the reasons that such address was the corporation's mailing address at the time of the seizure of its premises; that prior to the seizure respondent's representatives had contacted petitioners at such address*306  and thereafter respondent continued to regard it as the corporation's address; that the corporation's books and records, kept at that address, disclosed petitioners as its stockholders and officers; and that, since petitioners gave no written change of address to the postal authorities, respondent properly determined that the mailing address of the alleged transferor was the last mailing address of its stockholders. In support of his contention respondent cites only Commissioner v. Rosenheim, 132 Fed. (2d) 677, reversing 45 B. T. A. 1018. In the cited case the registered notice of transferee liability was mailed to Caroline Rosenheim, as transferee of a corporation, at her former New York City address; the notice was not delivered and was returned by the postal authorities to the Commissioner, whose employee thereafter *211  manually delivered the original notice to her at her correct New York City address, where she had continuously resided for seven years; and from such notice she filed a petition with the Board of Tax Appeals within 90 days of the mailing of the notice of transferee liability, seeking redetermination*307  of the asserted liability and alleging, inter alia, that the Board was without jurisdiction because the notice was not sent by registered mail to her last known address, but was delivered to her by hand.  Thereafter and while the petition was pending, the petitioner filed a motion to dismiss the proceeding for lack of jurisdiction on the same ground of lack of jurisdiction as was set out in the petition.  The motion to dismiss was granted by the Board.  On appeal the circuit court, in reversing the Board, held that:The sending of the appropriate notice in this case by registered mail and the transferee's petition for a redetermination of the liability within ninety days of the date of the notice supplied the requirements of Section 272 (a) so far as the Board's jurisdiction to hear and determine the matter was concerned. * * *The Court went further and said that, if any irregularity in service of notice of liability was not waived by the taxpayer's voluntary and timely petition, still there was nothing in the record from which to conclude that the original notice was not sent by registered mail to her last known address.*308  The above cited case is clearly distinguishable on its facts.  Here, no timely petitions have been filed, thereby waiving irregularity in service of notice of liability, as was true in the cited case, and thus the full requirements of the applicable statutes have not been supplied here, as they were in the cited case; and, further, the original notices here were returned to respondent and have never been remailed to petitioners or otherwise delivered to them.Both the respondent and the petitioners argue that the question of what was the petitioners' "last known address" is one of fact to be determined from the facts and circumstances in the instant proceedings.  The notices of transferee liability were admittedly mailed to the petitioners individually, addressed to the company's street address.  While each petitioner, prior to August 4, 1945, had received mail at the company's street address, the respondent, through his own action in seizure of those premises and his denial to petitioners of the right of entry for any purpose from August 4 to September 28, 1945, prevented the petitioners from receiving the notices of liability mailed on September 12, 1945.  But what is still more*309  important, the respondent, through his agents, had actual notice and made written memoranda, on August 4, 1945, of each petitioner's residence address, and by the same token the respondent also knew, on September 12, 1945, that the 332 Franklin Street address was not the address of either petitioner and, further, that mail so addressed would not be delivered to petitioners.  Sandler's address last known to respondent on August 4, *212  1945, and on September 12, 1945, was 120 Lamon Street, Fayetteville, North Carolina, where he continuously resided during August, September, and October, 1945, and during that time respondent's agents interviewed him at numerous times.  Carbone's address last known to respondent on August 4 and on September 12, 1945, was 1213 79th Street, Brooklyn, New York, for, on August 4 Carbone had given the revenue agents his then residence address at 1414 Fort Bragg Road, Fayetteville, but advised them he was going to the Brooklyn address in a few days and during the latter part of August 1945 and on September 12, 1945, and long thereafter Carbone not only resided at that address, but also was contacted at such address by revenue agents, who also seized his*310 New York bank accounts and lock box.On this record ultimate facts are that the notice of transferee liability dated September 12, 1945, was sent by registered mail to each petitioner at an address other than his "last known address," respectively; that such notice was never received by either petitioner, but was returned by the postal authorities to and retained by respondent, who, on February 18, 1946, mailed copies thereof to petitioners' attorney; and that the petitions herein, filed more than 90 days after September 12, 1945, are based on such copies of the notices of liability.  On such facts and on authority of William M. Greve, 37 B. T. A. 450 (petition for review dismissed Oct. 20, 1938), we hold that the notice of transferee liability dated September 12, 1945, was not a statutory notice, cf.  Welch v. Schweitzer, 106 Fed. (2d) 885; William M. Greve, 42 B. T. A. 142 (petition for review dismissed Nov. 29, 1940, C. C. A., 2d Cir.); and we further hold that the unregistered copies of the transferee notices mailed February 18, 1946, to petitioners' attorney were not statutory notices*311  on which proceedings before this Court may be properly based.  William M. Greve, supra; Henry Wilson, 16 B. T. A. 1280; Oscar Block, 2 T.C. 761">2 T. C. 761.We also hold that, by the filing of untimely petitions, the petitioners herein did not waive the irregularity in service, namely, the mailing of the notice of liability to the wrong address.  Respondent was put on notice of error in his mailing of the notice of liability to the wrong address when petitioners advised the respondent's agents on August 4, 1945, of petitioners' correct mailing addresses.  Respondent was further put on notice of such error when the postal authorities were unable to deliver the notices and returned them to him.  He was further put on notice of such error by the allegations of the petitions as to his failure to mail the notice of transferee liability to each respective petitioner's "last known address." All these matters occurred within the statutory period of limitations as provided by sections 275 (a) and 311 (b) and (c), Internal Revenue Code, and respondent "then had ample time to send a proper notice. No change of position can be charged against*312  [the petitioners].  [They have] maintained *213  at all times that there was no proper notice of [transferee liability].  Nor can it be said that [they] entered a general appearance.  [Their] [petitions] stated the facts on which [they] claimed a lack of proper notice and specifically raised the question of jurisdiction." William M. Greve, 37 B. T. A. 450, 453.These proceedings must be dismissed for want of jurisdiction, because the required statutory notice of transferee liability was not sent by registered mail to the petitioners' last known addresses and, accordingly, the respondent's motions to dismiss are denied and the petitioners' motions to dismiss are granted.An order of dismissal will be entered in each docket number.  Footnotes1. SEC. 272.  PROCEDURE IN GENERAL.(a) (1) Petition to Board of Tax Appeals.  -- If in the case of any taxpayer, the Commissioner determines that there is a deficiency in respect of the tax imposed by this chapter, the Commissioner is authorized to send notice of such deficiency to the taxpayer by registered mail. Within ninety days after such notice is mailed (not counting Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday in the District of Columbia as the ninetieth day), the taxpayer may file a petition with the Board of Tax Appeals for a redetermination of the deficiency.  No assessment of a deficiency in respect of the tax imposed by this chapter and no distraint or proceeding in court for its collection shall be made, begun, or prosecuted until such notice has been mailed to the taxpayer, nor until the expiration of such ninety-day period, nor, if a petition has been filed with the Board, until the decision of the Board has become final. * * ** * * *(k) Address for Notice of Deficiency.  -- In the absence of notice to the Commissioner under section 312 (a) of the existence of a fiduciary relationship, notice of a deficiency in respect of a tax imposed by this chapter, if mailed to the taxpayer at his last known address, shall be sufficient for the purposes of this chapter even if such taxpayer is deceased, or is under a legal disability, or in the case of a corporation, has terminated its existence.SEC. 311.  TRANSFERRED ASSETS.(a) Method of Collection.  -- The amounts of the following liabilities shall as hereinafter in this section provided, be assessed, collected, and paid in the same manner and subject to the same provisions and limitations as in the case of a deficiency in a tax imposed by this chapter * * * (1) Transferees. -- The liability, at law or in equity, of a transferee of property of a taxpayer, in respect of the tax (including interest, additional amounts, and additions to the tax provided by law) imposed upon the taxpayer by this chapter.(2) Fiduciaries.  -- * * *Any such liability may be either as to the amount of tax shown on the return or as to any deficiency in tax.* * * *(e) Address For Notice of Liability. -- In the absence of notice to the Commissioner under section 312 (b) of the existence of a fiduciary relationship, notice of liability enforceable under this section in respect of a tax imposed by this chapter, if mailed to the person subject to the liability at his last known address, shall be sufficient for the purposes of this chapter even if such person is deceased, or is under a legal disability, or, in the case of a corporation, has terminated its existence.↩