Court Opinion

ID: 2820573
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-07-27 19:40:06.568592+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:30:57.045814
License: Public Domain

J-S17032-15

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

TRACY L. BRUMBAUGH                               IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                       PENNSYLVANIA
                          Appellee

                     v.

MARGARET GRAF D/B/A RITNER
BOARDING AND TRAINING KENNEL

                          Appellant                   No. 1380 WDA 2014

                      Appeal from the Order July 24, 2014
               In the Court of Common Pleas of Clearfield County
                      Civil Division at No(s): 2012-1816 CD

BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., SHOGAN, J., and FITZGERALD, J.*

MEMORANDUM BY GANTMAN, P.J.:                            FILED JULY 27, 2015

        Appellant, Margaret Graf d/b/a Ritner Boarding and Training Kennel,

appeals from the order entered in the Clearfield County Court of Common

Pleas, which denied Appellant’s motion for permission to file post-trial

motions nunc pro tunc, in this breach of contract case. We affirm.

        The relevant facts and procedural history of this appeal are as follows.

On November 30, 2012, Appellee, Tracy L. Brumbaugh, filed a complaint

against Appellant, alleging breach of contract in connection with the sale of a

German Shepherd dog.        Appellee filed an amended complaint on March 4,

2013.     The court conducted a bench trial on December 23, 2013, but

deferred its decision pending the submission of briefs from the parties. The

court subsequently issued an order dated January 28, 2014, which stated as
___________________________

*Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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follows:

           NOW, this 28th day of January, 2014, following non-jury
           trial held before the [c]ourt on December 23, 2013, as well
           as receipt of the parties’ briefs; the [c]ourt hereby finds in
           favor of [Appellee] and against [Appellant] in breach of
           contract.    [Appellee] is hereby awarded compensatory
           damages for lost profits in the amount of $18,980.00, plus
           record costs.

(Order, filed 2/3/14; R.R. at 1). The order was entered on the docket with

Pa.R.C.P. 236 notice on February 3, 2014.           Appellant filed no post-trial

motions. On February 18, 2014, Appellant filed a notice of appeal. Appellee

filed a praecipe for entry of judgment on March 27, 2014. The prothonotary

entered judgment in favor of Appellee in the amount of $18,980.00.            On

March 31, 2014, this Court dismissed Appellant’s appeal without prejudice to

Appellant to seek permission to file post-trial motions nunc pro tunc in the

trial court.1

       Without leave of court, Appellant filed a post-trial motion nunc pro

tunc on April 7, 2014. On April 10, 2014, Appellant filed a motion to strike

the purported “judgments” entered on February 3, 2014, March 27, 2014,

and April 3, 2014. On April 28, 2014, Appellant filed a notice of appeal from

the judgment entered on March 27, 2014. Appellant filed another notice of

appeal on May 8, 2014, from the judgment purportedly entered on April 3,

____________________________________________

1
   Although judgment had already been entered, Appellee filed another
praecipe for entry of judgment on April 3, 2014, “to protect her interests”
following the dismissal of Appellant’s first appeal.

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2014. This Court dismissed both appeals on May 27, 2014, again without

prejudice to Appellant to seek permission to file post-trial motions nunc pro

tunc in the trial court. On June 11, 2014, Appellant finally filed a motion for

permission to file post-trial motions nunc pro tunc, which the trial court

denied on July 25, 2014. Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal on August

21, 2014. The court ordered Appellant to file a concise statement of errors

complained of on appeal, pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b); Appellant timely

complied.2

       Appellant raises the following issue for our review:

          DID THE TRIAL COURT ABUSE ITS DISCRETION IN
          FAILING TO ENTERTAIN [APPELLANT’S] POST-TRIAL
          MOTIONS NUNC PRO TUNC ON REMAND WHERE THE
          PROTHONOTARY ENTERED A MONEY JUDGMENT ORDER
          ON THE DOCKET TRIGGERING PA. R.A.P. 341 “FINAL
          ORDER” RULE PRIOR TO THE EXPIRATION OF THE 10 DAY
          PERIOD FOR POST-TRIAL MOTIONS UNDER PA. R.C.P.
          227.1 AND [APPELLANT] THEREAFTER APPEALED RATHER
          THAN FILING POST-TRIAL MOTIONS?

(Appellants Brief at 7).

       In her sole issue, Appellant argues she did not receive notice of the

court’s January 28, 2014 order until February 11, 2014. Appellant contends

the prothonotary entered a “judgment” on February 3, 2014, which made

that order final and appealable. Appellant asserts she had no opportunity to
____________________________________________

2
  Appellee filed a motion to dismiss with respect to the second and third
issues raised by Appellant in her Rule 1925(b) statement.      Appellant,
however, has abandoned these issues on appeal. Therefore, we deny as
moot Appellee’s open motion to dismiss.

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file post-trial motions because the delay in service of the order and the

premature “entry of judgment” left her no option but to file a direct appeal,

which divested the trial court of jurisdiction. Appellant concludes the alleged

breakdown in the operations of the court entitles her to file post-trial

motions nunc pro tunc. We disagree.

      The decision to allow the filing of post-trial motions nunc pro tunc is

vested in the discretion of the trial court. Lenhart v. Cigna Companies,

824 A.2d 1193 (Pa.Super. 2003).        A court may grant permission to file a

post-trial motion nunc pro tunc when a party shows she was unable to file

the motion due to extraordinary circumstances involving fraud or a

breakdown in the court’s operation.          D.L. Forrey & Associates, Inc. v.

Fuel City Truck Stop, Inc., 71 A.3d 915, 920 (Pa.Super. 2013).

      Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 227.1 sets out the requirements

for post-trial relief and states in pertinent part:

         Rule 227.1. Post-Trial Relief

                                   *     *     *

         (c) Post-trial motions shall be filed within ten days after

            (1) verdict, discharge of the jury because of inability
            to agree, or nonsuit in the case of a jury trial; or

            (2) notice of nonsuit or the filing of the decision in the
            case of a trial without jury.

         If a party has filed a timely post-trial motion, any other
         party may file a post-trial motion within ten days after the
         filing of the first post-trial motion.

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Pa.R.C.P. 227.1. Following a trial, an appellant must file post-trial motions

to preserve issues for appellate review; issues not raised in post-trial

motions are waived. Krystal Development Corp. v. Rose, 704 A.2d 1102

(Pa.Super. 1997). The purpose of this rule is “to provide the trial court the

first opportunity to review and reconsider its earlier rulings and correct its

own error.” Chalkey v. Roush, 757 A.2d 972, 975 (Pa.Super. 2000) (en

banc) (quoting Soderberg v. Weisel, 687 A.2d 839, 845 (Pa.Super.

1997)). See also Lenhart, supra (stating purported confusion caused by

trial court’s use of word “judgment” in its order announcing verdict did not

relieve defendant of obligation to file post-trial motion within ten days;

despite defendant’s mistaken belief that it was required to file immediate

appeal, court’s order was not final judgment; grant of nunc pro tunc relief is

not designed to provide relief to parties who have failed to follow proper

procedure in preserving appellate rights; court did not abuse its discretion

when it denied defendant’s motion for permission to file post-trial motion

nunc pro tunc).

      Instantly, following a bench trial, the court announced its verdict in an

order dated January 28, 2014. The order was docketed and Rule 236 notice

was sent to the appropriate parties on February 3, 2014. Appellant failed to

file post-trial motions within ten days of the verdict as required by Rule

227.1(c)(1). Contrary to Appellant’s assertion, the order was not rendered

final and appealable by its entry on February 3, 2014. Nothing in the docket

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suggests the prothonotary entered “judgment” on February 3, 2014.

Likewise, the word “judgment” is found nowhere in the order announcing the

verdict. In fact, the prothonotary did not enter judgment on the verdict until

the praecipe for entry of judgment was filed on March 27, 2014, long after

expiration of the time for Appellant to file post-trial motions. See Pa.R.C.P.

227.1(c)(1). Appellant’s misunderstanding of the court’s February 3, 2014

order, which prompted her to file a notice of appeal prematurely on February

18, 2014, did not excuse her failure to file timely post-trial motions. See

Lenhart, supra; Reuter v. Citizens & Northern Bank, 599 A.2d 673, 676

(Pa.Super. 1991) (stating verdict in non-jury trial is not appealable until

entry of judgment on verdict).

      On March 31, 2014, this Court determined Appellant had failed to

preserve any issues for appellate review and dismissed Appellant’s initial

appeal without prejudice to Appellant’s right to seek permission to file post-

trial motions nunc pro tunc in the trial court.         Appellant, however,

misapprehended this Court’s ruling and immediately filed a post-trial motion

nunc pro tunc without leave of court. On June 11, 2014, following another

appeal and more than four months after the verdict, Appellant finally filed a

motion for permission to file post-trial motions nunc pro tunc.    Appellant’s

failure to file timely post-trial motions, and her extended delay in seeking

leave to file post-trial motions nunc pro tunc, were not due to any

extraordinary circumstances or breakdown in the court’s operation.      These

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procedural missteps were wholly attributable to Appellant.       Under these

circumstances, the court acted well within its discretion when it denied

Appellant’s belated request for leave to file post-trial motions nunc pro tunc.

See D.L. Forrey & Associates, supra; Lenhart, supra. Accordingly, we

affirm.

      Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 7/27/2015

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