Court Opinion

ID: 4430198
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-08-20 19:37:23.401659+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:27:34.046137
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-1376-17T4

F.K.,

          Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

INTEGRITY HOUSE, INC.,

     Defendant-Respondent.
______________________________

                    Submitted October 16, 2018 – Decided October 26, 2018

                    Before Judges Fisher and Hoffman.

                    On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                    Division, Essex County, Docket No. L-2239-16.

                    Marc L. Winograd, attorney for appellant.

                    Law Office of Daniel J. McCarey, LLC, attorneys for
                    respondent (Daniel J. McCarey, on the brief).

PER CURIAM

          Plaintiff appeals from the Law Division order granting the summary

judgment dismissal of his bodily injury claim against defendant Integrity House,
Inc., a residential drug treatment facility in Newark, based upon the Charitable

Immunity Act 1 (the Act).      Because the motion judge failed to provide the

findings and reasoning supporting her decision, see R. 1:7-4(a), we vacate the

dismissal order and remand for further proceedings.

       Plaintiff sustained a fractured ankle when he slipped and fell on a wet

interior staircase at defendant's facility, where plaintiff was a client and resident.

The judge's dismissal order states that defendant "is entitled to charitable

immunity . . . from [suit] pursuant to the [Act]"; however, the judge did not issue

a written or oral opinion.

       According to plaintiff's forensic accounting expert, 2015 revenue for

Integrity House totaled $20,094,046; of that amount, $252,855 came from

fundraising events and $157,310 came from contributions.

       We review the trial court's grant of summary judgment under the standard

of Rule 4:46-2, which warrants summary judgment if the court finds that there

are no genuinely disputed issues of fact. Davis v. Devereux Found., 209 N.J.
269, 286 (2012) (citing Brill v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 142 N.J. 520, 540

(1995)). The court must consider whether the competent evidential materials

presented, viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party in

1
    N.J.S.A. 2A:53A-7.
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consideration of the applicable evidentiary standard, are sufficient to permit a

rational factfinder to resolve the alleged disputed issue in favor of the non-

moving party. Brill, 142 N.J. at 540. Review of an order granting summary

judgment is de novo; the appellate court need not accept the trial court's findings

of law. Aronberg v. Tolbert, 207 N.J. 587, 597 (2011) (citations omitted).

      Charitable immunity is an affirmative defense that generally must be

pleaded and proved by the party relying on the defense. R. 4:5-4; Rendine v.

Pantzer, 276 N.J. Super. 398, 436 (App. Div. 1994) (citation omitted). The

burden of persuasion is by a preponderance of the evidence standard. Rendine,
276 N.J. Super. at 435. Here, defendant bears the burden since it seeks to invoke

the affirmative defense of charitable immunity. Abdallah v. Occupational Ctr.

of Hudson Cnty., Inc., 351 N.J. Super. 280, 288 (App. Div. 2002) (citations

omitted).

      Defendant seeks the protection of the Act based on its status as an entity

organized exclusively for charitable purposes.          In these situations, "an

organization claiming immunity under the Act must demonstrate some [thing

more than a nominal] level of support from charitable donations and/or trust

funds as it is those sources of income the Act seeks to protect." Bieker v. Cmty.

House of Moorestown, 169 N.J. 167, 178 (2001) (citation omitted). Plaintiff

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                                        3
argues that "application of the [Act] is unwarranted" because the amount

defendant raised from fundraising events and charitable contributions (2.03

percent of total revenues) was not significant enough to be considered more than

nominal. In Abdallah, we concluded that private charitable contribution levels

of 1.5 percent and 0.10 percent in succeeding years were "too insignificant to

have any effect on the charitable-status determination." 351 N.J. Super. at 288.

      Rule 1:7-4(a) clearly states that a trial "court shall, by an opinion or

memorandum decision, either written or oral, find the facts and state its

conclusions of law thereon . . . on every motion decided by a written order that

is appealable as of right." See Shulas v. Estabrook, 385 N.J. Super. 91, 96 (App.

Div. 2006) (requiring an adequate explanation of basis for court's action).

"Meaningful appellate review is inhibited unless the judge sets forth the reasons

for his or her opinion." Strahan v. Strahan, 402 N.J. Super. 298, 310 (App. Div.

2008) (quoting Salch v. Salch, 240 N.J. Super. 441, 443 (App. Div. 1990)). The

failure to provide findings of fact and conclusions of law "constitutes a

disservice to the litigants, the attorneys, and the appellate court." Curtis v.

Finneran, 83 N.J. 563, 569-70 (1980) (quoting Kenwood Assocs. v. Bd. of Adj.

Englewood, 141 N.J. Super. 1, 4 (App. Div. 1976)).

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                                       4
      Here, the motion judge provided no findings or reasons for her conclusion

that charitable immunity applies in this case. The judge's failure to comply with

Rule 1:7-4(a) necessitates that we vacate the dismissal order and remand for

further proceedings.

      Vacated and remanded. We do not retain jurisdiction.

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