Court Opinion

ID: 4401290
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-05-29 16:04:03.619372+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:24:43.851696
License: Public Domain

MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D),
this Memorandum Decision shall not be                                     FILED
regarded as precedent or cited before any                           May 29 2019, 11:12 am
court except for the purpose of establishing
                                                                          CLERK
the defense of res judicata, collateral                               Indiana Supreme Court
                                                                         Court of Appeals
estoppel, or the law of the case.                                          and Tax Court

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT                                  ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Darren Bedwell                                          Curtis T. Hill, Jr.
Indianapolis, Indiana                                   Attorney General of Indiana
                                                        Lauren A. Jacobsen
                                                        Deputy Attorney General
                                                        Indianapolis, Indiana

                                          IN THE
    COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

Tafari Clay,                                            May 29, 2019
Appellant-Defendant,                                    Court of Appeals Case No.
                                                        18A-CR-2421
        v.                                              Appeal from the Marion Superior
                                                        Court
State of Indiana,                                       The Honorable Marc Rothenberg,
Appellee-Plaintiff.                                     Judge
                                                        Trial Court Cause No.
                                                        49G02-1606-MR-22838

Riley, Judge.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019                  Page 1 of 8
                               STATEMENT OF THE CASE
[1]   Appellant-Defendant, Tafari Clay (Clay), appeals his sentence for murder, a

      felony, Ind. Code § 35-42-1-1; and attempted robbery resulting in serious bodily

      injury, a Level 3 felony, I.C. § 35-42-5-1.

[2]   We affirm.

                                                   ISSUE
[3]   Clay raises one issue on appeal, which we restate as: Whether Clay’s sentence

      is inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and his character.

                      FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
[4]   “[T]hroughout the neighborhood,” Hanson Smith (Smith) was known as the

      “Phone Guy.” (Transcript Vol. II, p. 114). Smith would buy and resell cell

      phones. Because “he was paying people cash to go get phones from places like

      Walmart,” he frequently carried a lot of cash on him. (Tr. Vol. II, p. 114).

      Smith “did not want to be involved with a gun” and instead he carried a knife

      his girlfriend had given him. (Tr. Vol. II, p. 55).

[5]   On June 19, 2015, Smith had at least $12,499 on him in the car. That evening,

      Clay and Eron Bonner (Bonner) stopped by the house of their friend, “Vino,”

      on Houston Street, near 21st Street and Adams, in Indianapolis, Indiana. (Tr.

      Vol. II, pp. 97-98). They briefly stayed on the front porch and talked with

      Vino’s cousin, Deandre Nance (Nance), until just before 6:00 p.m. Bonner was

      carrying a gun and Clay and Bonner informed Nance that they were going to

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 2 of 8
      “[h]it a lick on the Phone Guy,” which Nance understood to mean a robbery.

      (Tr. Vol. II, p. 104). When Bonner received a phone call, he told the person on

      the line that they were “on [their] way,” and Bonner and Clay left. (Tr. Vol. II,

      pp. 102-03). Bonner and Clay met up with Smith; Bonner entered Smith’s car

      while Clay waited outside.

[6]   Around 6:00 p.m. that evening, Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Department

      officers were dispatched to two different locations on reports of shots fired.

      Officers William Wogan (Officer Wogan) and Thomas White were dispatched

      to the 1900 block of Adams Street, while Officer Jamie Hadley (Officer Hadley)

      went to 21st Street and Olney. On route to the Adams scene, Officer Wogan

      was flagged down by Clay and Bonner. As soon as Officer Wogan stopped his

      car, he realized Bonner had been shot in the face and his mouth was bleeding.

      Bonner reported that “they were being chased and shot at.” (Tr. Vol. II, p. 68).

      The officers did not find any weapons on Bonner or Clay, nor did they find any

      abandoned weapons in the block immediately east of the scene. A few minutes

      after arriving and securing the scene, Officer Wogan was advised by Officer

      Hadley that “she had located a person shot on Olney.” (Tr. Vol. II, p. 70). A

      blood trail led from Bonner back to Olney Street, connecting the two crime

      scenes.

[7]   When Officer Hadley responded to Olney Street, she was approached by a

      woman who had found the victim, later identified as Smith, nearby in his car

      and believed he was dead. Walking towards the car, Officer Hadley noticed

      Smith “bleeding from his chest area.” (Tr. Vol. II, p. 83). Although alive when

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 3 of 8
      Officer Hadley arrived, Smith passed away before officers were able to get a

      trauma kit on him.

[8]   Smith’s autopsy revealed that he had been shot twice in the abdomen and once

      in the forearm. The bullets had entered the right side of his body, resulting in

      extensive damage to all organs in Smith’s abdominal cavity. These shots had

      caused “massive internal bleeding,” which ultimately led to Smith’s death. (Tr.

      Vol. II, p. 150). The autopsy also revealed that the wounds had no “stippling”

      around them, indicating that the shooter was “a little more than two, three” feet

      away. (Tr. Vol. II, pp. 151, 152). Blood located on the driver’s side belonged

      to Smith, while blood found on the passenger’s side was revealed to be

      Bonner’s. The blood evidence placed Bonner inside the vehicle, while Clay was

      outside the car. Bullets and bullet casings recovered from the crime scene and

      Smith’s body confirmed that there were at least two firearms involved. Both of

      the firearms involved were connected to Clay and Bonner. Also, the firearms

      examiner crossmatched the bullets and casings with those recovered in another

      shooting just over two weeks earlier on June 1, 2015. In connection with the

      June 1 case, police officers had already questioned Clay who had admitted to

      being in possession of one of the two guns used in that incident and identified

      the other gun as Bonner’s. Clay had mentioned that Bonner and he had each

      fired their weapon that day. Both of these guns involved in the June 1 incident

      matched at least one bullet or casing found on the scene of Smith’s murder.

[9]   On June 14, 2016, the State filed an Information, charging Clay with Count I,

      murder; Count II, felony murder; and Count III, Level 2 felony robbery

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 4 of 8
       resulting in serious bodily injury. On August 20, 2018, the State amended

       Count III to Level 2 felony attempted robbery resulting in serious bodily harm.

       On August 21, 2018 through August 22, 2018, a jury trial was conducted. At

       the close of the evidence, the jury found Clay guilty as charged. On September

       5, 2018, during the sentencing hearing, the trial court vacated Count II on

       double jeopardy grounds. After considering the information contained in the

       presentence investigation report and testimony presented at the hearing, the

       trial court sentenced Clay to sixty-three years for the murder conviction and

       fourteen years on the Level 3 felony attempted robbery resulting in bodily

       harm, with both sentences to run concurrently.

[10]   Clay now appeals. Additional facts will be provided as necessary.

                               DISCUSSION AND DECISION
[11]   Clay contends that the trial court abused its discretion by imposing an aggregate

       sixty-three-year sentence. He maintains that in light of the nature of the crime

       and his character, a fifty-five-year sentence—the advisory sentence for a murder

       conviction—is more appropriate.

[12]   Pursuant to Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B), we may revise a sentence if, after due

       consideration of the trial court’s decision, we find the sentence inappropriate

       considering the nature of the offense and the character of the offender.

       Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482, 491 (Ind. 2007), clarified on reh’g, 875 N.E.2d

       218 (Ind. 2007). We consider not only the aggravators and mitigators found by

       the trial court but also any other factors appearing in the record. Johnson v.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 5 of 8
       State, 986 N.E.2d 852, 856 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013). We defer to the trial court’s

       decision, and our goal is to determine whether the sentence is inappropriate,

       not whether some other sentence would be more appropriate. Conley v. State,

       972 N.E.2d 864, 876 (Ind. 2012). We seek to leaven the outliers, not to achieve

       a perceived correct result. Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1225 (Ind. 2008).

       Thus, “deference should prevail unless overcome by compelling evidence

       portraying in a positive light the nature of the offense (such as accompanied by

       restraint, regard, and lack of brutality) and the defendant’s character (such as

       substantial virtuous traits or persistent examples of good character).” Stephenson

       v. State, 23 N.E.3d 111, 122 (Ind. 2015). Ultimately, our review should focus

       on the aggregate sentence; that is, we “should focus on the forest—the

       aggregate sentence—rather than the trees—consecutive or concurrent, number

       of counts, length of the sentence on any individual count.” Cardwell, 895

       N.E.2d at 1225.

[13]   After a jury trial, Clay was convicted of murder and Level 3 felony attempted

       robbery resulting in bodily injury. The sentencing range for murder is 45 to 65

       year, with the advisory sentence being 55 years. See I.C. § 35-50-2-3. A Level 3

       conviction incurs a sentencing range of three years to sixteen years, with the

       advisory sentence being nine years. I.C. § 35-50-2-5. Finding that the

       aggravators outweighed the mitigators, the trial court imposed a sentence of

       sixty-three years for the murder charge to run concurrent to the fourteen years

       on the Level 3 felony conviction, for an aggregate sentence of sixty-three years.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 6 of 8
[14]   With respect to the nature of the crime, we note that the trial court

       characterized the crime as “almost a lure type of situation.” (Tr. Vol. III, p.

       136). Clay and Bonner had planned out the attack, informing Nance they were

       going to “hit a lick” on the “Phone Guy.” (Tr. Vol. II, p. 102, 104). They

       attempted to rob and ultimately murdered him. When Smith tried to defend

       himself, Bonner and Clay did not just walk away, instead they shot him once in

       the arm and twice in the abdomen. Although Clay now tries to persuade this

       court that he was merely “a secondary participant in [Bonner’s] plan to rob

       [Smith],” the evidence presented suggests that Clay was more than “a

       follower.” (Appellant’s Br. pp. 19, 20). The factfinder could reasonably find

       that Clay fired the shots that killed Smith. No stippling was found around

       Smith’s wounds during the autopsy, indicating that the shooter was no more

       than three feet away. As Bonner was in the car with Smith, Clay was the only

       one standing outside and able to shoot Smith without leaving any stippling.

       Viewing the totality of the facts, we find that the murder was carried out

       through “subterfuge, deceit, and careful planning” when Smith was lured to his

       death. See Anglemyer, 868 N.E.2d at 494. Accordingly, we do not find Clay’s

       sentence inappropriate as to the nature of the offense.

[15]   With respect to his character, we note that Clay was twenty years old at the

       time of the offense. At the sentencing hearing, the trial court recognized that

       Clay had “been a criminal since the age of 13” and had now “become a

       predator.” (Tr. Vol. III, p. 134). The court acknowledged that Clay’s “criminal

       history is one that career criminals do not develop.” (Tr. Vol. III, p. 132).

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 7 of 8
       Despite his young age, Clay accumulated ten true findings as a juvenile,

       including, among others, residential entry, receiving stolen property, theft,

       battery (2), and possession of cocaine. As an adult, Clay had had six arrests,

       which resulted in one misdemeanor conviction and one felony conviction. At

       the time of the offense, Clay was both on pretrial release for possession of

       marijuana and on probation for robbery. By the time of the sentencing hearing,

       Clay had been acquitted of another murder charge but convicted of possession

       of marijuana.

[16]   During the sentencing hearing, Clay made a statement of allocution, in which

       he stated, “I’m not here to say sorry because . . . I didn’t do anything. If I could

       change anything about this situation, I would just change that I was there.”

       (Tr. Vol. III, p. 125). Despite the evidence, Clay did not take responsibility for

       the role he played in Smith’s murder, nor did he take responsibility for any of

       his previous crimes, and merely painted himself as a victim of a failed juvenile

       system. Mindful of the facts before us, we cannot conclude that Clay’s sentence

       is inappropriate in light of his character.

                                             CONCLUSION
[17]   Based on the foregoing, we hold that Clay’s sentence is not inappropriate in

       light of the nature of the crime and his character.

[18]   Affirmed.

[19]   Bailey, J. and Pyle, J. concur

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 18A-CR-2421 | May 29, 2019   Page 8 of 8