Court Opinion

ID: 2818860
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-07-21 19:15:50.824135+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:14:03.771824
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI

                               NO. 2013-CA-01816-COA

DENISE PRATT                                                             APPELLANT

v.

NANETTE NELSON                                                             APPELLEE

DATE OF JUDGMENT:                        09/05/2013
TRIAL JUDGE:                             HON. MITCHELL M. LUNDY JR.
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:               DESOTO COUNTY CHANCERY COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:                  MICHAEL LEE DULANEY
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE:                   SHANNON WILLIAMS COLEMAN
NATURE OF THE CASE:                      CIVIL - OTHER
TRIAL COURT DISPOSITION:                 MISSISSIPPI RULE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE
                                         65 INJUNCTION AND TEMPORARY
                                         RESTRAINING ORDER ISSUED AGAINST
                                         APPELLANT PRATT RESTRAINING HER
                                         FROM CONTACTING APPELLEE NELSON,
                                         SYLVIA MOFFATT, AND ISABELLE
                                         NELSON; AND DISMISSING PETITION
                                         FOR RESTRAINING ORDER AGAINST
                                         APPELLEE NELSON BY APPELLANT
                                         PRATT AND LARRY JOE PRATT JR.
DISPOSITION:                             REVERSED AND RENDERED - 07/21/2015
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:

      BEFORE IRVING, P.J., BARNES AND FAIR, JJ.

      BARNES, J., FOR THE COURT:

¶1.   Denise Pratt appeals the final order of the Desoto County Chancery Court, which

found sufficient evidence to issue a Mississippi Rule of Civil Procedure 65 injunction and

restraining order against her. Pratt was restrained from contacting Nanette Nelson (her

sister), Sylvia Moffatt (her seventy-year-old mother), and Isabella Nelson (her niece and
Nelson’s four-year-old daughter), or coming within 1,000 feet of them. If Pratt violated the

order, the court would impose a penalty of $10,000 against her. Further, both Pratt and

Nelson were denied attorney’s fees. Finally, a complaint for a restraining order under Rule

65(b) by Pratt and her husband, Larry Joe Pratt Jr. (Joe), against Nelson and other family

members was dismissed. Nelson admits that the trial court erred in issuing a Rule 65

injunction but contends that a domestic violence protection order under the Domestic Abuse

Protection Act (Act) should have been issued instead. See Miss. Code Ann. §§ 93-21-1

through 93-21-33 (Rev. 2013). She contends that the trial court’s “order should be reversed

and rendered granting Appellee a Domestic Violence Protection Order and awarding

attorney’s fees.”

             STATEMENT OF FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

¶2.    This case stems from ongoing disagreement between family members that reached a

crisis point in the fall of 2011.1 Nelson lives in Southaven, Mississippi, with her daughter,

Isabelle, and her mother, Sylvia. On November 2, 2011, over a period of several hours, Pratt

engaged in what Nelson described as malicious, threatening, and harassing phone calls to her,

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          Pratt, a pharmacist, owns several pharmacies and various businesses in the North
Mississippi and Memphis areas. Pratt claimed this specific contention started in April 2011,
which “marked a division in the family.” Pratt stated that her mother, Sylvia, had requested
Pratt pay $50,000 in legal fees for her brother Christopher Moffett, who had legal troubles.
Pratt refused; so Sylvia sold a Cadillac that Pratt had given Sylvia. The proceeds went to
her son’s legal fees. Pratt claimed she has given her mother and Nelson approximately
$50,000 over the past three to five years for various expenses, but the practice ended after
this episode, leaving them disgruntled.

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including approximately seventy-eight text messages, thirty-eight telephone calls, and

numerous voicemail messages to Nelson’s home telephone, Nelson’s cellular telephone, and

Sylvia’s cellular telephone.2

¶3.    Pratt continued her telephone tirade until the early morning hours; Nelson stated Pratt

used profanity and threatened they “would burn alive.”3 Pratt also admitted to watching their

home that evening, and indeed was observed driving past their home several times.

Frightened, Nelson called the DeSoto County Sheriff’s Office and the Southaven Police.

Officer Kirk Thompson with the DeSoto County Sheriff’s Department responded to the call

and advised Nelson to file appropriate charges and seek an emergency protection order.

¶4.    Accordingly, the following morning, Nelson obtained an ex parte emergency domestic

abuse protection order against Pratt until November 14 for herself, Isabelle, and Sylvia in the

Southaven Municipal Court. On the same day, Nelson also filed charges for telephone

harassment in the DeSoto County Justice Court. Finally, Nelson filed a petition for a

       2
          Pratt claimed her calls were in response to an incident Nelson instigated. In July
2011, Pratt fired her brother, Markcus Moffatt, from one of her businesses. Nelson and
Sylvia have also worked for Pratt. In late October 2011, Pratt was served with litigation
initiated by Markcus and Nelson concerning Markcus’s termination by Pratt. Pratt also
claimed Markcus, Nelson, and Sylvia have called various insurance agencies and pharmacy
boards alleging improper conduct within her pharmacies in order to “ruin” her. Markcus
has admitted he has called the Tennessee Board of Pharmacy about Pratt. Pratt claims her
calls on November 2 were in response to Nelson’s informing Pratt that she was going to
“pay” for firing Markcus, and Nelson, Sylvia, and that Markcus would “financially ruin”
Pratt.
       3
         Nelson became very upset when her daughter Isabelle was awakened by the phone
calls, became frightened, and fell while running to her mother for comfort. A trip to the
emergency room for stitches ensued.

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domestic abuse protection order under the Act in DeSoto County Chancery Court, which is

the subject of the instant case. In it, Nelson claimed a pattern of emotional abuse by Pratt

every three months, for the past two years.

¶5.    On November 8, 2011, Pratt and her husband, Joe, filed a complaint for a restraining

order under Rule 65(b) in the Chancery Court of DeSoto County against Nelson, Sylvia, and

brothers Markcus and Christopher Moffatt. Nelson claims the filing was in retaliation for

her domestic abuse protection order; Pratt claims she had no knowledge of Nelson’s order.

In her complaint, Pratt explained that because she had recently terminated Markcus from his

employment at Pratt’s pharmacy business, he had “exhibited various harassing and

threatening behaviors,” including “threats of physical and mental harm,” as had Sylvia,

Christopher, and Nelson. However, the complaint did not offer details on the threatening

behavior.

¶6.    On November 9, 2011, Nelson obtained from municipal court an extension to the

temporary domestic abuse protection order until December 5, but was advised the order could

not be extended again. Therefore, Nelson filed a petition in chancery court for the same type

of order, which expired December 20. Nelson attempted service of the notice of the

domestic abuse protection order on Pratt approximately seven times. Again, Pratt claims she

had no notice or service of process of this order. Accordingly, on February 10, 2012, Pratt

filed a motion to set aside Nelson’s order of protection due to insufficient service of process,

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which was denied.4 In February 2012, Nelson filed a motion for contempt of court against

Pratt in chancery court claiming Pratt was violating the protective order after some

encounters at the sheriff’s office and justice court for proceedings related to this case.

¶7.    On February 23, 2012, Pratt filed stalking charges against Nelson in justice court.

Nelson’s scheduled hearing in the DeSoto County Justice Court against Pratt for telephone

harassment was also on this date. The warrant was served on Nelson in justice court, but the

judge released Nelson on her own recognizance and continued the hearing until April 2012.

At the hearing in justice court, an agreed order was entered granting a temporary mutual

restraining order, with the trial continued until June 2012, when the parties agreed to dismiss

all charges in justice court. Additionally, Nelson claims they agreed to enter an order in

chancery court granting a permanent restraining order against Pratt, while Pratt claims they

agreed to dismiss all charges in chancery court.

¶8.    On June 20, 2012, all of the parties signed an agreed order in chancery court to extend

the protection order an additional six months. In December 2012, the agreed order was

extended another sixty days, and then another six months, as the trial was continued. In May

2013, Nelson filed motions to compel discovery responses and to dismiss Pratt’s complaint

for a restraining order, as well as a request for attorney’s fees.

¶9.    On August 1, 2013, trial began, but due to time constraints it had to be continued. On

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         Testimony showed Pratt’s sister, Pandora Whatley, was served at Pratt’s residence
on November 17, 2011, and the officer instructed Whatley to give the papers to Pratt, who
was sitting nearby in the kitchen in plain view of the interaction.

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August 15, 2013, the chancery court entered an interim restraining order and injunction

against Pratt nunc pro tunc to August 1, 2013, prohibiting Pratt from coming within 1,000

feet of the concerned parties. On August 26, 2013, the trial resumed. The witnesses revealed

numerous family arguments and controversies over several years.

¶10.   On September 5, 2013, the chancellor issued a final order, finding sufficient evidence

to support a Rule 65 injunction against Pratt, restraining her from contacting Nelson, Sylvia,

and Isabella, or coming within 100 feet of them. Additionally, Pratt’s complaint was

dismissed, and Nelson’s request for attorney’s fees was denied. Nelson filed a motion to

reconsider the final order or, in the alternative, a motion for a new trial, desiring 1,000 feet

of distance and to charge all costs of the proceeding against Pratt. The chancery court denied

Nelson’s motion, and Pratt timely appealed the final order. She raises three issues: (1) there

was insufficient service of process for Nelson’s domestic abuse protection order; (2) there

was no proper basis to enter the domestic abuse protection order; and (3) the chancellor

erroneously entered a Rule 65(b) restraining order or injunction. Nelson agrees that the trial

court erred in issuing a Rule 65(b) restraining order or injunction, but argues the chancellor

should have granted the domestic violence protective order under the Act. Additionally,

Nelson finds error with the chancellor’s denial of attorney’s fees. Since we find the

chancellor erred in entering relief under Rule 65(b), which Nelson has confessed, and the

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supreme court has ruled her cross-appeal untimely,5 we will not discuss the remaining issues,

as they are moot.

                               STANDARD OF REVIEW

¶11.   This Court will not disturb the findings of the chancellor unless the chancellor was

manifestly wrong or clearly erroneous, or applied the wrong legal standard. McNeil v.

Hester, 753 So. 2d 1057, 1063 (¶21) (Miss. 2000) (citations omitted). The standard of

review for the chancellor’s decision is abuse of discretion. “[F]or questions of law, the

standard of review is de novo.” Id.

                                        ANALYSIS

¶12.   Both Pratt and Nelson argue that the chancellor erroneously entered a Rule 65(b)

restraining order or injunction. We agree. The chancellor’s decision was clearly erroneous,

as he applied the wrong legal standard. Accordingly, the chancery court’s decision must be

reversed and rendered.

¶13.   On August 1, 2013, trial commenced; however, it had to be continued after the

plaintiff’s case-in-chief due to time constraints. An interim order was issued on this date,

and entered nunc pro tunc on August 14, 2013. The chancellor found sufficient evidence to

support a restraining order and injunction against Pratt (which appeared temporary in nature,

but the chancellor did not cite to Rule 65) prohibiting her from coming within 1,000 feet of

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        Nelson subsequently requested permission from the supreme court to file an out-of-
time cross-appeal, but this request was denied.

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Nelson, her husband, Sylvia, or Isabella, “or any other person who is named, testified, or

concerned in this matter.”

¶14.   On August 26, 2013, the trial resumed. After hearing all of the testimony, the

chancellor issued a “Rule 65 injunction” against Pratt in his final order, restraining her from

contacting Nelson, Sylvia, or Isabella, and prohibiting Pratt from coming within 100 feet of

the parties.6 There was no time limit placed on the injunction in the order.

¶15.   Rule 65 relates to injunctive relief. Rule 65(b) allows for a “temporary restraining

order” to

       be granted without notice to the adverse party or his attorney if . . . it clearly
       appears from specific facts shown by affidavit or by the verified complaint that
       immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage will result to the applicant
       before the adverse party or his attorney can be heard in opposition.

The comment to Rule 65(b) applicable in 2013 states:

       Rule 65(b) provides for injunctive relief without notice to the adverse party.
       This relief, known as a temporary restraining order, can be accorded without
       notice provided that the verified facts of the complaint clearly justify plaintiff’s
       apprehension about the threat of irreparable injury. Once entered, a temporary
       restraining order expires by its terms. During the time it is in effect,
       extensions for good cause are permissible. . . . Upon application having been

       6
          On August 26, the chancellor stated from the bench, “people are entitled to be left
alone. . . . I’m going to keep the restraining order that I set in place at the close of the
plaintiff’s case. But I am going to up [the penalty] to $10,000 upon a . . . valid showing of
violation of the restraining order that I entered against you, Mrs. Pratt. . . . I think that’s
reasonable. . . . I see a pattern of how this has taken place. . . . It’s [been an] ongoing
controversy . . . for quite some time.” When Pratt’s counsel asked if the order was granted
under the Domestic Abuse Protection Act or under Rule 65, the chancellor responded that
he was granting it under the “Chancery Court Rules, . . . a temporary restraining order [under
Rule] 65(b), whether it is asked for or not, because that would be general relief.”

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       made for a temporary restraining order, the court must immediately set a
       hearing on the companion motion for a preliminary injunction [under Rule
       65(a)].

Rule 65(d) describes the form and scope of the injunction or restraining order. Both must

       describe in reasonable detail . . . the act or acts sought to be restrained; it is
       binding only upon the parties to the action, their officers, agents, servants,
       employees, and attorneys, and upon those persons in active concern or
       participation with them who received actual notice of the order by personal
       service or otherwise.

M.R.C.P. 65(d)(1)-(2). The comment to Rule 65(d) states the rule “is designed to protect

those who are enjoined by informing them specifically of what they are required to do or

refrain from doing . . . .”

¶16.   Pratt argues that Nelson only requested relief under the Act, not under Rule 65. See

Miss. Code Ann. §§ 93-21-1 through 93-21-33. Nelson agrees that she did not request relief

under Rule 65, claiming she only requested a “Domestic Violence Order of Protection,” and

filed pleadings under the Act on forms created by the Attorney General’s Office. Both

Nelson and Pratt also agree that since relief was not originally requested under Rule 65, the

requirements of Rule 65(d)(2) have not been met regarding Nelson’s petition for a domestic

violence protection order filed on November 2011. Nor did Nelson file a complaint or

affidavit requesting relief under Rule 65.

¶17.   It appears the chancellor was continuing the temporary restraining order put in place

at the beginning of the trial on August 1 permanently under Rule 65, instead of granting

protection under the requested relief of the Act. However, Rule 65 is not the proper vehicle

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for imposing a permanent restraining order; it is designed to afford temporary relief when

irreparable harm occurs. As Nelson notes, there is no precedent for converting a domestic

violence protection order into a Rule 65 injunction; neither the statute nor the rule

contemplates this action. Under this case’s procedural posture, Nelson was either entitled

to relief under the Act or not.

¶18.   We therefore find the chancellor’s ruling in error regarding the Rule 65

injunction/restraining order. All other issues are moot, as Nelson did not file a timely cross-

appeal. Accordingly, the chancellor’s final order must be reversed and rendered.

¶19. THE JUDGMENT OF THE CHANCERY COURT OF DESOTO COUNTY IS
REVERSED AND RENDERED. ALL COSTS OF THIS APPEAL ARE ASSESSED
TO THE APPELLEE.

     LEE, C.J., IRVING AND GRIFFIS, P.JJ., ISHEE, CARLTON, MAXWELL,
FAIR AND JAMES, JJ., CONCUR. WILSON, J., NOT PARTICIPATING.

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