Court Opinion

ID: 4319246
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-10-09 19:12:49.789399+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:45:46.129522
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI

                                 NO. 2017-CA-00551-COA

ANGELA MARIE MYERS                                                         APPELLANT

v.

THOMAS LAVON MYERS                                                           APPELLEE

DATE OF JUDGMENT:                           01/26/2017
TRIAL JUDGE:                                HON. FRANKLIN C. MCKENZIE JR.
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED:                  JONES COUNTY CHANCERY COURT,
                                            SECOND JUDICIAL DISTRICT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:                     BARRON CRUZ GRAY
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:                     RISHER GRANTHAM CAVES
                                            TERRY L. CAVES
NATURE OF THE CASE:                         CIVIL - CUSTODY
DISPOSITION:                                AFFIRMED - 10/09/2018
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:

       BEFORE IRVING, P.J., GREENLEE AND TINDELL, JJ.

       GREENLEE, J., FOR THE COURT:

¶1.    Angela Myers appeals the Jones County Chancery Court’s award of the physical

custody of her nine-year-old son, STM, and four-year-old daughter, AEM, to her ex-husband,

Thomas “Tommy” Myers.1 On appeal, Angela argues the chancellor erred in his Albright2

analysis. Finding no manifest error in the chancellor’s judgment, we affirm.

                                      BACKGROUND

       1
         To protect the identity of Angela and Tommy’s minor children, we substitute initials
for their names.
       2
           Albright v. Albright, 437 So. 2d 1003 (Miss. 1983).
¶2.      On April 21, 2016, Tommy filed for divorce on the ground of adultery and requested

custody of their two children. A bifurcated trial on the merits was held on November 16,

2016. Following trial, the court granted Tommy a divorce on the ground of adultery. A

second trial was held on the remaining issues before the court. On January 5, 2017, the

chancellor entered his findings of fact and conclusions of law, awarding Tommy physical

custody of the two children and ordering Angela to pay Tommy child support.

¶3.      On January 26, 2017, the chancellor entered his final judgment granting Tommy a

divorce from Angela on the ground of adultery. Tommy was awarded full physical custody,

with Angela being awarded visitation rights and both parties being awarded joint legal

custody. On February 6, 2017, Angela filed a motion for a new trial or to amend the

judgment under Rule 59 of the Mississippi Rules of Civil Procedure.3 The chancellor denied

the motion on March 14, 2017. Angela timely appealed.

                                   STANDARD OF REVIEW

¶4.      Our standard of review concerning child custody is limited. C.W.L. v. R.A., 919 So.
2d 267, 270 (¶8) (Miss. Ct. App. 2005). On appeal, we will only reverse a chancellor’s child-

custody decision when the chancellor is manifestly wrong or applied an erroneous legal

standard. We will affirm a chancellor’s factual findings when they are supported by

substantial evidence in the record. Lowrey v. Lowrey, 25 So. 3d 274, 294-95 (¶51) (Miss.

2009). However, “[a] chancellor’s conclusions of law are reviewed de novo.” Id. at 285

(¶26).

         3
             See M.R.C.P. 59(a), (e).

                                              2
                                       DISCUSSION

       The Chancellor’s Albright Findings

¶5.    On appeal, Angela argues the chancellor’s decision resulted from an erroneous

analysis of the Albright factors.

¶6.    The polestar consideration in all child custody cases is the best interest and welfare

of the children. D.M. v. D.R., 62 So. 3d 920, 923 (¶11) (Miss. 2011). In determining the

child’s best interest, the chancellor considers the following factors:

       (1) age, health, and sex of the child;

       (2) a determination of the parent that has had the continuity of care prior to the
       separation;

       (3) which has the best parenting skills and which has the willingness and
       capacity to provide primary child care;

       (4) the employment of the parent and responsibilities of that employment;

       (5) physical and mental health and age of the parents;

       (6) emotional ties of parent and child;

       (7) moral fitness of the parents;

       (8) the home, school and community record of the child;

       (9) the preference of the child at the age sufficient to express a preference by
       law;

       (10) stability of home environment and employment of each parent and other
       factors relevant to the parent-child relationship.

Lee v. Lee, 798 So. 2d 1284, 1288 (¶15) (Miss. 2001) (citing Albright v. Albright, 437 So.
2d 1003, 1005 (Miss. 1983)).

                                                3
¶7.    The chancellor is required to address each Albright factor that applies to the case

before him. Powell v. Ayars, 792 So. 2d 240, 244-45 (¶¶10-11) (Miss. 2001). However, he

need not decide that every factor favors one parent over the other. See Weeks v. Weeks, 989
So. 2d 408, 411 (¶12) (Miss. Ct. App. 2008). “[T]he Albright factors exist to ensure the

chancellor considers all the relevant facts before [he] reaches a decision. All the factors are

important, but the chancellor has the ultimate discretion to weigh the evidence the way [he]

sees fit in determining where the child’s best interest lies.” Blakely v. Blakely, 88 So. 3d 798,

803 (¶17) (Miss. Ct. App. 2012) (quoting Johnson v. Gray, 859 So. 2d 1006, 1013-14 (¶36)

(Miss. 2003) (internal quotation marks omitted)).

¶8.    Angela makes a number of factor-specific challenges to the chancellor’s Albright

findings. We address her arguments below.

              1.      Age, Health, and Sex of the Children

¶9.    The chancellor noted that STM has ADHD and dyslexia and is borderline autistic.

The chancellor stated that ordinarily the health of the children would be neutral, but in this

case, the factor favored Tommy due to his and STM’s close emotional ties. Angela argues

the chancellor erred in his finding because he used another factor to justify his conclusion

and ignored evidence of her training and experience in teaching children with dyslexia.

¶10.   It is true Angela has special training in dyslexia therapy and accepted a position

teaching children with dyslexia. However, she did not offer evidence showing how she

utilized her training to support STM’s health needs beyond coordinating STM’s school

accommodations. Tommy testified that in order to help STM with his disabilities, he and

                                               4
STM read books and looked through comic books together. And Tommy said that he helped

STM with his homework, including STM’s reading assignments, which he and STM read and

worked through together. Overall, the testimony presented at trial reflected that Tommy is

a patient and attentive father. Conversely, the evidence showed that Angela loses her

patience with the children. The chancellor did not err by finding that, in light of STM’s

disabilities, his developmental health was aided by his close emotional ties with his father.

The chancellor properly found this factor to favor Tommy, and the finding is supported by

substantial evidence.

              2.        Continuity of Care

¶11.   The chancellor separately delineated this factor in his findings of fact and found it

weighed in Tommy’s favor “for [the] reasons set forth above.” Angela contends the

chancellor’s reasoning was ambiguous and that the chancellor should have specifically

discussed the evidence relevant to this factor.

¶12.   It is clear from the chancellor’s express enumeration of this factor that the chancellor

considered it. Further, in the chancellor’s general findings of fact, he found that although

Angela was the children’s primary caregiver when they were infants, Tommy took on more

parenting responsibilities when the children became toddlers. Tommy cooked ninety percent

of the family meals, bathed the children, put them to bed, did the household laundry, and was

responsible for disciplining the children. Additionally, Tommy continues to reside in the

children’s childhood home. We find no manifest error in the chancellor’s finding that this

factor favored Tommy.

                                              5
              3.     Parenting Skills

¶13.   The chancellor found this factor favored Tommy, noting that Angela was sometimes

impatient with the children, destroyed property during emotional outbursts, and used

profanity in the children’s presence. Angela suggests the chancellor placed too much weight

on testimony concerning her negative attributes. She specifically claims the chancellor

ignored evidence of her good parenting skills, including her efforts to ensure STM received

educational support for his ADHD and dyslexia. Her challenges are premised on the

chancellor’s evidentiary and credibility assessments.

¶14.   “The credibility of the witnesses and the weight of their testimony, as well as the

interpretation of evidence where it is capable of more than one reasonable interpretation, are

primarily for the chancellor as the trier of facts.” Johnson, 859 So. 2d at 1014 (¶36) (quoting

Chamblee v. Chamblee, 637 So. 2d 850, 860 (Miss. 1994)). “‘[T]he chancellor has the

ultimate discretion to weigh the evidence the way [he] sees fit’ in determining where the

child’s best interest lies.” Blakely, 88 So. 3d at 803 (¶17) (quoting Johnson, 859 So. 2d at

1013-14 (¶36)).

¶15.   We find substantial evidence to support the chancellor’s finding that Tommy has

better parenting skills. It is true, as Angela points out, that Angela changed the children’s

diapers when they were young, helped the children with most of their school projects, and

took the children to and from school every day. She also coached STM’s soccer team and

ensured STM had the support he needed at school. However, Angela exhibited a lack of

patience with the children and was prone to emotional outbursts. Upon losing her temper,

                                              6
she became physically violent, destroyed various household items, and punched holes in the

wall. She also used profanity in front of the children. The evidence showed that Tommy was

responsible for the bulk of the parenting duties. He put the kids to bed, did the laundry,

cleaned up after supper, and packed the kids’ lunches for the following day. He also got up

in the middle of the night when the kids became sick. And Tommy disciplined the kids for

behavioral problems. This issue is without merit.

              4.     Physical and Mental Health of the Parents

¶16.   The chancellor found the evidence weighed in Tommy’s favor and that Angela “has

a history of depression and anxiety and takes medication for these issues.” The chancellor

found Tommy had no mental problems. Angela claims the chancellor’s finding on her and

Tommy’s physical and mental health was based on a mischaracterization of the evidence.

¶17.   During trial, Tommy testified that he was diagnosed with anxiety and had been taking

medication for it. He said that with the help of a doctor, he was able to stop taking

medication. Tommy also testified that Angela was diagnosed with anxiety and depression,

for which she took medication. However, Angela testified that she was diagnosed with

depression only. On appeal, Angela claims the chancellor’s conclusion concerning this

factor was based on a misstatement of fact. She argues that she only suffers from depression

and that Tommy has anxiety.

¶18.   We note that the testimony concerning the mental health of either party was brief.

However, because Tommy testified Angela had been diagnosed with both anxiety and

depression, the chancellor’s finding was not based on a misstatement of fact. The chancellor

                                             7
was entitled to determine the credibility and weight of both Angela’s and Tommy’s

testimonies. See Johnson, 859 So. 2d at 1014 (¶36). We find no error here.

              5.     Home, School, and Community Record

¶19.   The chancellor found this factor favored Tommy. Angela argues the evidence favors

her based on STM’s need for educational consistency, and again asks this Court to reweigh

evidence on appeal, which we cannot do. Id. at 1013-14 (¶36).

¶20.   In his general findings of fact, the chancellor noted that STM had been attending

school in Lauderdale County for four years and received special care in school for his health

conditions. However, the chancellor found that STM’s entire family and support group lives

in Jones County. The chancellor noted that AEM and STM attended church in Jones County

and have relatives in Jones County who could help care for them when needed. In addition,

the chancellor noted that Tommy continues to reside in AEM and STM’s childhood home.

The chancellor’s findings on this issue are supported by substantial evidence in the record.

              6.     Employment Responsibilities

¶21.   Angela claims the chancellor failed to address her and Tommy’s employment

responsibilities, and argues this factor should weigh in her favor.4 Although the chancellor

is required to make specific findings of fact on each Albright factor, it is not necessary that

he state which party prevails under each factor. Alderson v. Alderson, 810 So. 2d 627, 629

(¶¶5-6) (Miss. Ct. App. 2002) (citing Powell, 792 So. 2d at 244-45 (¶11)). Here, the

       4
         Angela also incorrectly contends that the capacity to provide primary care falls
within this factor. See Lee, 798 So. 2d at 1288 (¶15) (The parents’ willingness and capacity
to provide primary care is considered with the “parenting skills” factor.).

                                              8
chancellor did not separately delineate this factor in his Albright analysis, but he discussed

Tommy’s and Angela’s employment responsibilities in his general findings of fact. The

chancellor found that Tommy works Monday through Friday from 7:30 to 4:30 p.m. as an

information-systems technician at Wayne Farms. He found that Angela works as a school

teacher at Southeast Lauderdale Elementary School, and that she gets off at 3:30 p.m. daily.

We find the chancellor properly considered Tommy’s and Angela’s employment

responsibilities and his failure to state which party prevailed under this factor was not an

abuse of discretion. See Weeks, 989 So. 2d at 411 (¶12).

                                      CONCLUSION

¶22.   There is substantial evidence in the record to support the chancellor’s award of

custody to Tommy. Finding no error in this case, we affirm the chancellor’s judgment.

¶23.   AFFIRMED.

    LEE, C.J., IRVING AND GRIFFIS, P.JJ., BARNES, CARLTON, FAIR,
WILSON, WESTBROOKS AND TINDELL, JJ., CONCUR.

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