Court Opinion

ID: 4231050
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-12-21 15:25:28.737195+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:42:42.410724
License: Public Domain

In The
                              Court of Appeals
                     Seventh District of Texas at Amarillo

                                   No. 07-17-00137-CR

                    MONICA CARBAJAL GALLEGOS, APPELLANT

                                           V.

                          THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE

                          On Appeal from the 207th District Court
                                  Comal County, Texas
              Trial Court No. CR2012-012, Honorable Gary L. Steel, Presiding

                                  December 18, 2017

                           MEMORANDUM OPINION
                  Before QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and PIRTLE, JJ.

      Monica Carbajal Gallegos (appellant) appeals from a judgment revoking her

community supervision, adjudicating her guilty of “theft with two or more convictions for

the same offense,” and sentencing her to serve two years in a state jail facility. Three

issues pend before us. Two involve the purported ineffectiveness of her attorney while
the third concerns the trial court’s refusal to grant an oral motion to continue the

proceeding. We affirm.1

        Background

        The circumstances underlying appellant’s complaints arose when the State’s

motion to adjudicate guilt and revoke her probation came for hearing.                      Counsel for

appellant announced that he was not prepared because he was preparing for a

preferential setting in another criminal matter before the same court. Counsel also

brought two motions to the court’s attention. The first was his written motion to withdraw

due to his inability to “effectively communicate” with appellant.                   The second was

appellant’s pro se motion seeking to “dismiss” him because he allegedly had not

communicated with her for more than twelve minutes since being appointed. She stated

in her pro se motion that she feared her attorney would not effectively represent her.

Despite counsel being the second attorney appointed to her, she now wanted to hire her

own.

        After hearing argument from appellant as well as counsel for the defense and the

State, the trial court denied the motions. It apparently did so after 1) reading the grounds

for revoking appellant’s community supervision and noting that there was just one

“primary allegation,” 2) asking defense counsel what he needed to be prepared, 3)

hearing defense counsel reply that he needed to obtain two witnesses, 4) noting that one

of the witnesses counsel sought was present,2 5) affording defense counsel opportunity

         1 Because this appeal was transferred from the Third Court of Appeals, we are obligated to apply

that its precedent when available in the event of a conflict between the precedents of that court and this
court. TEX. R. APP. P. 41.3.
        2
        Defense counsel subsequently represented that he spoke with appellant and concluded that the
second witness was not critical to appellant’s defense.

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to talk to both appellant and the witness, 6) moving the hearing from its morning setting

to the afternoon to afford appellant and her counsel opportunity to prepare, 7) determining

whether appellant had actually retained other counsel like she suggested she had (which

she had not), 8) observing that the State’s motion to adjudicate guilt would not be heard

for some thirty to sixty days if not heard that day, 9) observing that appellant would remain

incarcerated for that thirty to sixty day period, 10) noting that appellant uttered at least

one misrepresentation in her motion to dismiss counsel, 11) observing that defense

counsel was “highly qualified” based on the judge’s knowledge of him over the past

nineteen years, 12) stating that the State expended much time and resources in preparing

for the hearing and securing the presence of witnesses from other counties, 13)

concluding that appellant’s request to seek new counsel was a “delay tactic,” and 14)

hearing defense counsel ultimately represent that he was ready to proceed if appellant

were not given leave to retain alternate counsel.

       The hearing on the State’s motion began. Witnesses testified, including appellant.

Thereafter, the trial court found “true” two of the four grounds warranting appellant’s

adjudication of guilt, granted the State’s motion to adjudicate guilt, convened a hearing

on punishment, heard evidence on that matter, adjudicated appellant’s guilt and levied

the aforementioned sentence.

       Issue One – Ineffective Assistance

       Appellant first asserts that her conviction should be reversed because she was

denied the effective assistance of counsel. Allegedly, “[her] trial counsel did not provide

reasonably effective assistance when counsel failed to prepare for the . . . revocation

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hearing by failing to confer with [her] and failing to investigate the alleged violations of

community supervision.” We overrule the issue.

       As addressed in the Third Court of Appeals’ decision in Gomez v. State, No. 03-

16-00020-CR, 2017 Tex. App. LEXIS 6865 (Tex. App.—Austin July 25, 2017, no pet.)

(mem. op., not designated for publication), there are two prongs to an ineffective

assistance claim, and the claimant has the burden to satisfy both by a preponderance of

the evidence. Id. at *5-6. They are deficient performance and prejudice. Id. The failure

to prove either requires us to deny the claim. Id. Furthermore, when the claim is founded

upon an allegation that counsel failed to investigate, the appellant must show what

evidence would have been obtained by the investigation and that it would have helped

him. Id. at *6-7. With this in mind, we turn to the record before us.

       First, nothing in the record reveals the extent to which defense counsel may or

may not have investigated the allegations. He simply represented at the hearing that he

was not prepared due to the need to prepare for a preferentially set criminal trial before

the same trial court. That is not the equivalent to proof of no investigation or no effort to

prepare, as suggested by appellant. Indeed, he knew of at least two witness he wanted

to obtain; that suggests some type of investigation or preparation.

       So too did he indicate to the trial court immediately before the afternoon hearing

began that he was ready to proceed, subject to the court’s ruling on whether his client

should be granted leave to retain other counsel. And, by that time, he had been given

additional opportunity to further talk to appellant and get ready.

       As to what evidence counsel would have obtained had he been prepared, the

appellant simply mentions “the possible existence of video surveillance from outside the

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mall that her attorney in Harris County was working on obtaining.” “It is probable, if such

a video exists, the video would confirm her assertion” that she did not intend to shoplift

from J.C. Penney, according to appellant.3 (Emphasis added). Allusion to the “possible

existence of a video” falls short of satisfying her obligation to show what evidence would

have been obtained had counsel investigated and prepared. In other words, appellant

asks us to speculate on 1) whether such a video existed, 2) the content captured by the

video, and 3) on whether that content, if any, was favorable to her. Speculation is not

proof of the existence of favorable evidence. Again, appellant was obligated to show

what evidence would have been obtained, Gomez v. State, supra, not what evidence

may or may not exist.

        And, if her explanation why she left the store were true, she had at least thirty days

after her conviction to cure the supposed default of trial counsel, confirm whether or not

the video existed, and append evidence of the video (if it existed) to a motion for new trial.

Yet, the record contains neither a motion for new trial nor an allegation that she filed one

accusing her trial attorney of deficient performance. So, again, what she left us with is

speculation, and claims of ineffective assistance “are not built on retrospective

speculation.” Bone v. State, 77 S.W.3d 828, 835 (Tex. Crim. App. 2002).

        In sum, appellant failed to establish the claim that her counsel provided ineffective

assistance. Thus, we cannot accept it.

        3 One ground uttered by the State in its motion to adjudicate guilt involved appellant shoplifting from
a J.C. Penney store. A video captured her taking several bras, a hair care device, and several NFL football
team jerseys and walking out of the store without paying for them. She alleged at the hearing that she left
the store without paying because her children were sick and one regurgitated upon leaving the store. The
security officers who followed appellant recalled no signs of regurgitation. Nor did they recall appellant
attempting to justify her departure by asserting that her children were sick. Rather, they recalled appellant
saying that she left her credit card in the car.

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       Issue Two – Ineffective Assistance – No Motion to Continue

       Next, appellant contends that her defense counsel was ineffective because he was

unprepared and did not file a written motion to continue the hearing on the State’s motion

to adjudicate guilt. We overrule the issue.

       First, no hearing was conducted on appellant’s claim of ineffective assistance.

Thus, her defense counsel was never afforded the opportunity to explain why he filed no

motion to continue the hearing. As stated in Menefield v. State, 363 S.W.3d 591 (Tex.

Crim. App. 2012), “counsel ‘should ordinarily be afforded an opportunity to explain his

actions before being denounced as ineffective.’” Id. at 592-93 quoting Goodspeed v.

State, 187 S.W.3d 390, 392 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005)).

       Second, appellant made no attempt to illustrate that a continuance would have

been granted had a motion been filed. This is of import. Because counsel need not utter

frivolous objections to be considered effective, Edmond v. State, 116 S.W.3d 110, 115

(Tex. Crim. App. 2002); Ex parte Cooper, No. 05-16-01243, 2017 Tex. App. LEXIS 1196,

at *5 (Tex. App.—Dallas Feb. 10, 2017, no pet.) (mem. op., not designated for

publication), we see little reason to impose upon him the duty to file motions which would

not have been granted. So, appellant’s burden would implicitly require her to show that

a motion to continue would have been granted, and she made no effort to do that. And,

we cannot but wonder if such a motion would have been granted given the trial court’s

allusion to appellant’s historic attempts to delay disposition of the case via her repetitive

requests for new counsel.

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       Finally, nothing is said about prejudice by appellant. That too is elemental to

winning a claim of ineffective assistance given that it is one prong of the two-pronged test.

Gomez v. State, supra.

       Issue Three – Error in not Granting a Continuance

       Finally, appellant argues that the trial court erred in refusing to grant trial counsel’s

oral motion to continue the hearing at issue and that under the circumstances she was

denied a fair hearing and the right to effective counsel. We overrule the issue.

       An oral motion to continue fails to preserve a complaint about the failure to continue

a criminal matter; the motion must be in writing and its allegations attested to. Blackshear

v. State, 385 S.W.3d 589, 590-91 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012); see TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC.

ANN. art. 29.03 (West 2006) (stating that a criminal matter “may be continued on the

written motion of the State or of the defendant, upon sufficient cause shown”).

Furthermore, no due process exception exists to the requirement for a written and sworn

motion. Blackshear, 385 S.W.3d at 591. So, appellant’s complaint about being denied a

“fair hearing,” i.e., due process, is inconsequential, even if it were raised at trial and not

proffered for the first time on appeal.

       Second, appellant failed to prove that her counsel was ineffective, as explained in

our disposition of issue one. Without such a showing, we can hardly conclude that the

trial court’s decision to proceed denied her the assistance of effective counsel.

       Having overruled each issue, we affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                          Per Curiam

Do not Publish

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