Court Opinion

ID: 4542505
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-06-18 20:00:35.606199+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:47:42.855405
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        JUN 18 2020
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

KAYLEE BROWNING; SARAH BASILE,                  No.    19-55078
on behalf of themselves and all others
similarly situated,                             D.C. No.
                                                8:16-cv-02210-AG-KES
                Plaintiffs-Appellants,

 v.                                             MEMORANDUM*

UNILEVER UNITED STATES, INC.,

                Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Central District of California
                   Andrew J. Guilford, District Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted April 1, 2020**
                               Pasadena, California

Before: PAEZ, CALLAHAN, and VANDYKE, Circuit Judges.

      Plaintiffs brought this putative class action alleging that certain Unilever-

owned St. Ives brand facial cleansers caused skin damage due to overly “deep”

exfoliation. Surviving a motion for summary judgment requires “probative evidence

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
tending to support the complaint.” Hexcel Corp. v. Ineos Polymers, Inc., 681 F.3d

1055, 1063 (9th Cir. 2012) (citation omitted). The district court concluded such

evidence was missing from the summary judgment record created by the parties. We

review de novo the district court’s order granting summary judgment. California v.

Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel, 898 F.3d 960, 964 (9th Cir. 2018). We affirm.

      The district court reviewed Plaintiffs’ evidence and concluded that, while

“Plaintiffs offer some factual support that St. Ives disrupts the stratum corneum, the

skin’s protective barrier,” they “haven’t shown that the alleged micro-tears

themselves are a safety hazard” or differ from the effects of standard exfoliation.

Browning v. Unilever U.S., Inc., No. SACV1602210AGKESX, 2018 WL 6615064,

at *2–3 (C.D. Cal. Dec. 17, 2018). We agree. Plaintiffs provided no summary

judgment evidence linking “micro-tears” caused by Unilever’s facial scrubs to any

concrete injuries. Dr. Nestor’s summary judgment declaration opined only that an

impaired stratum corneum “can increase chances” of a host of recognized long-term

health risks, but he was unable to observe or quantify any of those risks in his two-

week study. Moreover, Plaintiffs used the products for years and showed no

symptoms of the “dry irritated skin or infections” that Dr. Nestor warned could be

caused by micro-tears.

      Plaintiffs’ failure to present summary judgment evidence linking use of the

product to actual injury undermines their fraudulent omission theories. See Williams

                                          2
v. Yamaha Motor Co., 851 F.3d 1015, 1028–29 (9th Cir. 2017) (“[A] party’s

allegations of an unreasonable safety hazard must describe more than merely

‘conjectural and hypothetical’ injuries.”) (citation omitted); Hodsdon v. Mars, Inc.,

891 F.3d 857, 862 (9th Cir. 2018) (alternatively, a party must show “physical defects

that affect the central function” of the product). Similarly, Plaintiffs’ failure to show

actual injury undermines their other claims under California and New York law. See

Birdsong v. Apple, Inc., 590 F.3d 955, 958–60 (9th Cir. 2009) (requiring proof of

injury and causation under California implied warranty and unfair competition

laws); Maurizio v. Goldsmith, 230 F.3d 518, 521 (2d Cir. 2000) (requiring the same

under Sections 349 and 350 of New York General Business Law).1

      The gravamen of Plaintiffs’ appeal, however, is their argument that the district

court erred by not considering on summary judgment supplemental expert evidence

later provided in support of their motion for class certification. But a nonmovant’s

burden at summary judgment is to “identif[y] the evidence establishing a genuine

issue of material fact in its opposition to summary judgment.” LVRC Holdings LLC

1
 With regard to their claim that “Dermatologist Tested” on the products’ label is
misleading, Plaintiffs admitted that the statement is factually true, and the district
court did not err in concluding that, under California’s Consumer Legal Remedies
Act, neither the statement nor the alleged omission of harm was likely to mislead as
no substantiated safety hazard was concealed from purchasers. See Wilson v.
Hewlett-Packard Co., 668 F.3d 1136, 1143 (9th Cir. 2012).

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v. Brekka, 581 F.3d 1127, 1137 (9th Cir. 2009) (emphasis added) (citation omitted);

see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 56; C.D. Cal. R. 56-3. Plaintiffs did not do that here.2

      Plaintiffs alternatively contend that the district court erred in only partially

granting their motion for a continuance to pursue further discovery under Federal

Rule of Civil Procedure 56(d). We review a district court’s case management

decisions for abuse of discretion. See O’Neill v. United States, 50 F.3d 677, 687–88

(9th Cir. 1995). The district court ultimately allowed a three-month continuance.

There was no abuse of discretion in denying Plaintiffs’ request for additional time.

See Stitt v. Williams, 919 F.2d 516, 525–26 (9th Cir. 1990) (affirming the denial of

Rule 56(d) and Rule 56(f) motions where the movant had adequate opportunity to

conduct discovery but still could not produce summary judgment evidence to

support its claims).

      AFFIRMED.

2
  Far from being reversable error, resolving dispositive motions before turning to
class certification, as the district court did here, is typically the “the proper course to
follow.” Corbin v. Time Warner Entm’t-Advance/Newhouse P’ship, 821 F.3d 1069,
1085 (9th Cir. 2016) (quoting Boyle v. Madigan, 492 F.2d 1180, 1182 (9th Cir.
1974)).

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