Court Opinion

ID: 5395142
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-01-08 10:11:32.640861+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:30:21.633312
License: Public Domain

Dore, J.
(dissenting in part). After a four-day trial, the trial court found: (1) that plaintiff had no common-law right to the use of the word “ Eerie ” as the title of its so-called “ horror comic ”; that plaintiff failed to establish as a fact that its title had acquired a secondary meaning and a title that has acquired no secondary meaning is descriptive and open to all; that on the basis of all the credible evidence plaintiff had *202failed to prove that defendants intentionally and willfully sought to palm off their magazine as that of plaintiff’s; and that the parties each use a distinctive colophon or emblem imprinted on the coyer of the respective magazines. He further held that from plaintiff’s witnesses it was established that all the publications in this group are of similar size, contain thirty-two pages, sell for ten cents, generally carry a running head, have a colored title page on which are featured a praeternatural or unnatural body or skeleton and a terrified female. Nevertheless, the trial court found that it was the combination of all the component elements ‘' which creates the vice ’ ’; and held that if the entire cover is likely to confuse or mislead then it is within the province of equity to interfere, citing Pocket Books, Inc., v. Meyers (265 App. Div. 17). While he held defendants have the right to use the word “ Eerie ” in their title, he said they must do so in such manner as will sufficiently distinguish their product from plaintiff’s and thus prevent deception. But the Appellate Division decision the court relied on, holding , that it was the combination of component elements which creates the vice, had been reversed by the Court of Appeals in January, 1944 (292 N. Y. 58, 63). The Court of Appeals held that, in addition to elements which had passed into the domain of things public which gave to defendants’ reprints an appearance similar to plaintiff’s product, the defendants nevertheless, in that case, exercised reasonable care to convey to the purchasing' public information which identified their product and reasonably distinguished it from that of the plaintiff. This is clearly so with respect to defendants’ “ Eerie Mysteries ” in the present case.
The evidence sustains the finding of the trial court that all these so-called “ horror comics ” feature on the colored title page in the front of the books a praeternatural monster and a terrified female. Accordingly, there is no proprietary right in any such horrendous combination. That is the stock in trade of the cover of all such “ comics ”. Plaintiff’s own .'witness, Diamond, admitted that in the course of his experience he never heard customérs request a particular comic by particular title and that the way such comics are bought is that the potential buyer thumbs through as many different titles as he can and selects that comic which for some reason or other appeals to him or he doesn’t purchase any and puts them all back on the stand.
Plaintiff brought out five issues of the Eerie horror comics. Defendants produced but one issue of “ Eerie Adventures ”, *203and stipulated to discontinue the use of that title and substitute “ Eerie Mysteries ”, the format of the colored front page of which is manifestly different from that of plaintiff’s. In ray opinion there was no basis for enjoining “ Eerie Mysteries I agree with the majority that there is no basis for a reference. For the reasons indicated, I dissent in part and vote to reverse the interlocutory judgment appealed from and dismiss the complaint; and, accordingly, to dismiss plaintiff’s cross appeal as academic.
Peck, P. J., Glennon and Breitel, JJ., concur in Per Curiam opinion; Dore, J., dissents in part, in opinion.
Judgment modified in accordance with the opinion herein and, and so modified, affirmed, without costs. Settle order on notice.