Court Opinion

ID: 9698736
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-25 19:58:38.079029+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:20:43.064846
License: Public Domain

MONTEMURO, Judge,
dissenting:
I disagree with the majority’s decision to deny appellant permission to appeal the discretionary aspects of his sentence because the majority concluded that he failed to raise a substantial question regarding the propriety of that sentence. I would find that appellant raised a substantial question, and that he failed to show a manifest abuse of discretion by the sentencing judge. Rather than denying permission to appeal, I would affirm the judgment of sentence.
Appellant pled guilty to attempted burglary, a felony of the second degree. The offense has a gravity score of four, and appellant’s prior record score is three. The sentencing guidelines recommend a minimum sentence of twelve to eighteen months in the aggravated range. See 204 Pa. Code ch. 303, reprinted at, 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9721. The trial court sentenced appellant to a prison term in state prison of two years to ten years. Appellant’s sole contention on appeal is that the sentence is manifestly excessive in length.
This is a challenge to the discretionary aspects of sentencing. An appellant who challenges a discretionary aspect of sentencing must set forth in his brief a concise statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence. See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f). See also Commonwealth v. Tuladziecki, 513 Pa. 508, 522 A.2d 17 (1987). Contrary to the finding by the majority on this issue, I would find that appellant has complied with this requirement.
*558In his brief, on a separate page appearing before the summary of his argument, appellant has included the following “statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal:”
The appellant, by and through his attorney, believes a substantial question is involved concerning the legality of his sentence because the court below erred in imposing a period of imprisonment of not less than two nor more than ten years in a state penal institution on the appellant, because the court below relied upon matters not properly before it in sentencing appellant, and because said sentence is not only beyond the standard range of the sentence guidelines, but is also well beyond the aggravated range of guidelines applicable for appellant and is not specifically tailored to the nature of the offense, the ends of justice and society and the rehabilitative needs of the appellant.
It could be argued that pursuant to Commonwealth v. Ziegler, 379 Pa.Super. 515, 516-17, 550 A.2d 567, 568 (1988) appellant failed to properly set forth his reasons for allowance of appeal because he omitted from the statement the identity of the crime from which the sentence stems. The Ziegler court relied entirely on Commonwealth v. Cummings, 368 Pa.Super. 341, 534 A.2d 114 (1987). See 379 Pa.Super. at 517, 550 A.2d at 568. Under Ziegler and Cummings the Commonwealth’s argument would control.
Recently, however, in Commonwealth v. Williams, 386 Pa.Super. 322, 562 A.2d 1385 (1989) an en banc panel of this court declined to follow the clear dictates of Ziegler and Cummings. Judge Rowley, in his unanimous opinion,1 quoted the entire “statement of reasons why appeal should be granted.” Id., 386 Pa.Superior Ct. at 324-27, 562 A.2d at 1387-88. The appellant in Williams did not include the crime for which she was convicted. Instead of dismissing the appeal for that reason alone, as Ziegler and Cummings would require, Judge Rowley considered the statement in its entirety. Id., 386 Pa.Superior Ct. at 326-28, 562 A.2d at 1388. He then concluded that the statement did not include *559“any specific articulable reasons why [appellant’s] sentence raises doubts that the sentencing scheme as a whole has been compromised.” Id., 386 Pa.Superior Ct. at 326, 562 A.2d at 1388.
Judge Rowley, in his majority memorandum in this case, holds that Williams did not overrule Ziegler and Cummings because there was an alternate basis for denying permission to appeal in Williams. Op. at 552-553 (citing Williams, supra at 326-28, 562 A.2d at 1388). I find it somewhat disingenuous for a court to claim that it will apply the foregoing standard to determine whether a claim is raised, when it could dismiss on an exceedingly simplistic basis; that is, the appellant did not include the crime for which there was a conviction in the Rule 2119(f) statement. That the Williams court could have denied permission to appeal on the basis of the appellant’s failure to include the crime in his Rule 2119(f) statement, indicates to me that the court no longer had faith in the standard that was more concrete and easier to apply. Similarly, Judge Rowley’s decision to apply the Williams standard in this case rather than denying permission to appeal under Ziegler and Cummings draws into question the continuing vitality of Ziegler and Cummings.
Judge Rowley concludes that, independent of his failure to include the crime for which he was convicted, appellant failed to meet the “specific, articulable reasons why her sentence raises doubts that the sentencing scheme as a whole has been compromised” standard. I disagree. Even if the rule from Ziegler and Cummings were still good law, I would ignore it, because appellant has otherwise raised a substantial question justifying our review of his sentencing claims.
Appellant’s Rule 2119(f) statement includes two allegations. First, appellant alleges that the trial court relied upon matters not properly before it.2 Second, appellant *560contends that the sentence is well beyond the sentencing guideline’s recommended aggravated range. The second issue was raised in appellant’s motion to modify sentence, and is preserved for this appeal. The contention that the judge exceeded the applicable guideline recommendation raises a substantial question justifying the use of our discretionary appellate jurisdiction. Commonwealth v. Burdge, 386 Pa.Super. 194, 197-99, 562 A.2d 864, 866 (1989) (claim that sentence considerably exceeded recommended sentence raises a substantial question) (citing Commonwealth v. Sanchez, 372 Pa.Super. 369, 372-73, 539 A.2d 840, 841 (1988) (en banc) (claim that sentence more than doubled guideline range raised a substantial question) aff'd per curiam, 522 Pa. 153, 560 A.2d 148 (1989)).
Judge Rowley finds that appellant did not articulate a reason that the sentencing procedure as a whole had been compromised by stating that the judge sentenced him outside of the guideline range, because he reads Sanchez and Burdge to require that the sentence imposed “considerably exceed” the sentencing guidelines in order to raise a substantial question. While I recognize that trial courts, as well as trial counsel, are frequently called upon to apply vague standards enunciated by appellate courts, to appropriately, consistently and fairly apply Judge Rowley’s newly invented “considerably exceeded]” standard is not only a formidable task, but in my view impossible. In the instant case, the sentence was six months greater than the eighteen month recommended minimum in the aggravated range. Reasonable minds could certainly disagree on the question of whether the amount by which appellant’s sentence exceeded the guideline range was considerable for purposes of the new standard.3 If the guidelines recommended no incarceration, would a six month sentence considerably exceed the recommended range? I would instead follow the *561clear dictates of Burdge and Sanchez, and I would conclude that the allegation that the sentence imposed is outside the guideline range poses a substantial issue permitting us to grant permission for allowance to appeal.4
We must not lose sight of our task in these cases. The analysis over which members of this panel disagree is not whether appellant is entitled to relief in the form of vacating his sentence. Instead, our quarrel is over whether to give appellant a forum in which to raise his sentencing claims. I do not read Rule 2119(f) or 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781 or Commonwealth v. Tuladziecki, 513 Pa. 508, 522 A.2d 17 (1987) to require the kind of hair splitting the majority seeks to engage in. I would conclude that appellant raised a substantial question regarding the trial court’s exercise of discretion in sentencing appellant.
Since I reach the foregoing conclusion, I will now proceed with an examination of the merits of appellant’s allegation that the trial judge abused his discretion in imposing his sentence. Such an examination is limited, and this court will reverse only when a manifest abuse of the trial court’s discretion is shown. Commonwealth v. White, 341 Pa.Super. 261, 270, 491 A.2d 252, 257 (1985).
The sentence imposed here exceeds the guidelines recommended range, and for that reason appellant contends that the sentence is manifestly excessive. Pursuant to 42 Pa.C. *562S.A. § 9781(c)(3) unless this court concludes that a sentence exceeding the guidelines is unreasonable, we are required to affirm. Section 9781(d) requires that, in reviewing the record, this court “shall have regard for (1) the nature and circumstances of the offense and the history and characteristics of the defendant. (2) The opportunity of the sentencing court to observe the defendant, including any presentence investigation. (3) The findings upon which the sentence was based. (4) The guidelines promulgated by the commission.”
The record reflects that the trial judge properly considered the circumstances of the case, and the history of the defendant. He gave substantial weight to appellant’s convictions or juvenile adjudications that were not reflected in the guidelines.
The judge also based his decision on many other findings in the record that legitimately support a conclusion that greater punishment is deserved and required. Appellant attempted to flee from the jurisdiction when he learned that the police were looking for him in connection with the attempted burglary, to which appellant pled guilty. At the time of his arrest appellant possessed a gym bag full of the tools of a professional burglar. Appellant’s girlfriend testified that appellant beat her, and threatened her life; charges that appellant did not deny, but chose not to discuss with the judge at the sentencing hearing. As a result of all of his trouble with the law, and because much of it stems from appellant’s abuse of alcohol, appellant was required to attend several alcohol rehabilitation programs, yet the judge determined that appellant has shown no effort to change his habits. See Commonwealth v. Darden, 366 Pa.Super. 597, 606, 531 A.2d 1144, 1150 (1987) (unincorporated criminal history, and victimization of young woman are substantial aggravating factors). In light of the trial judge’s consideration of all of these facts, I could not conclude that he abused his discretion in fashioning appel*563lant’s sentence. I would therefore affirm the judgment of sentence.

. Judge Tamilia concurred in the result.

. Appellant did not raise this claim in his post-trial motion to modify sentence. The issue is therefore waived. Commonwealth v. Brown, 288 Pa.Super. 171, 175, 431 A.2d 343, 345 (1981) (claim that judge did *560not sufficiently set forth his reasons for sentence not preserved because it was not included in the motion to modify sentence).

. We do not even know, from reading Commonwealth v. Burdge, supra, the amount by which appellant’s sentence in that case exceeded the guideline recommendation.

. The majority makes light of the impact that the guidelines have on the sentencing scheme. I disagree with such a characterization. While the guidelines are only one factor to be considered by the sentencing court, they are indeed a substantial factor to be considered. The legislature considered the guidelines important enough to require that they be consulted when fashioning the sentence, and to require a statement of reasons on the record for deviating from the guidelines whenever the judge decided to sentence outside of the guidelines. If these procedures are not followed the sentence imposed must be vacated. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9721(b). Also, the legislature made it grounds for vacating a sentence if the judge misapplied the guidelines, 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(c)(3). The guidelines were promulgated to inject a certain amount of uniformity in sentences imposed by courts of this Commonwealth. While courts may deviate from the guidelines, they may do so only under certain circumstances. I see no reason to not make those circumstances subject to this court’s review when the appellant challenges them on appeal.