Court Opinion

ID: 3003328
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-24 20:42:21.152125+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:02:05.251899
License: Public Domain

NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION
                          To be cited only in accordance with
                                   Fed. R. App. P. 32.1

              United States Court of Appeals
                                   For the Seventh Circuit
                                   Chicago, Illinois 60604

                                   Submitted July 22, 2009*
                                     Decided July 22, 2009

                                            Before

                             JOHN L. COFFEY, Circuit Judge

                             JOEL M. FLAUM, Circuit Judge

                             MICHAEL S. KANNE, Circuit Judge

No. 08-3956

JOSHUA HOWARD,                                   Appeal from the United States District
     Plaintiff-Appellant,                        Court for the Western District of Wisconsin.

       v.                                        No. 08-C-500

NEVIN WEBSTER and AMY REID,                      Barbara B. Crabb,
     Defendants-Appellees.                       Chief Judge.

       *
          The appellees notified this court that they were never served with process in the
district court and would not be filing a brief or otherwise participating in this appeal. After
examining the appellant’s brief and the record, we have concluded that oral argument is
unnecessary. The appeal is submitted on the appellant’s brief and the record. See FED. R.
A PP. P. 34(a)(2).
No. 08-3956                                                                               Page 2

                                          ORDER

        Joshua Howard, an inmate at the Waupun Correctional Institution in Wisconsin,
brought a pro se complaint against Nevin Webster, the prison librarian, and Amy Reid, the
prison education director, claiming that they unconstitutionally deprived him of access to
the courts. See 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The district court dismissed the claim at initial screening,
see 28 U.S.C. § 1915A, and Howard appeals. We affirm the judgment.

        Because the district court reasoned that Howard’s suit fails to state a claim, we
accept as true the facts alleged in the complaint. See Bridges v. Gilbert, 557 F.3d 541, 544
(2009). In July 2006 the Wisconsin Supreme Court denied Howard’s petition to review the
state appellate court’s dismissal of his direct criminal appeal, triggering a 90-day deadline
to petition the Supreme Court of the United States for a writ of certiorari. Between
September 11 and October 13, Howard used the law library for two hours each day to
research his case and prepare the petition. He saved his draft on a computer disk that he
kept in the library. But then on October 16, Webster closed the library for ten days without
notifying Howard in advance. Howard, having no access to his work product, did not file
his petition by the October 23 deadline.

        More than two years later, in August 2008, Howard sued Webster and Reid,
claiming that they violated his right of access to the courts by closing the law library
without prior notice. The district court, in dismissing the complaint, reasoned that the
library closing could not have thwarted Howard’s petition to the Supreme Court because
he could have drafted a “petition outlining his claims and arguments with a pen and
paper.” The court added, moreover, that Howard’s complaint does not include any
allegation that his unfiled petition for a writ of certiorari would have been meritorious.
Howard responded to the dismissal by moving to amend his complaint; the district court
construed that motion to include a request for reconsideration under Federal Rule of Civil
Procedure 59(e) and denied it.

       In this court Howard argues that the district court erred by demanding more from
his complaint than required under the federal regimen of notice pleading. We review the
court’s decision de novo. See Marshall v. Knight, 445 F.3d 965, 968 (7th Cir. 2006); Bridges,
557 F.3d at 545. The Constitution guarantees prisoners a right of access to the courts. Lewis
v. Casey, 518 U.S. 343, 350-51 (1996). But because that right is to access the courts rather than
legal materials or law libraries, an inmate will not have a valid claim unless the prison
authorities’ conduct prejudiced a potentially meritorious challenge to his conviction,
sentence, or conditions of confinement. Ortiz v. Downey, 561 F.3d 664, 671 (7th Cir. 2009);
Bridges, 557 F.3d at 553; Marshall, 445 F.3d at 968. The prisoner, therefore, must spell out in
No. 08-3956                                                                              Page 3

his complaint the connection between the alleged denial of access to the courts and the
actual, nonfrivolous injury. Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S. 403, 414 (2002); Ortiz, 561 F.3d
at 671.

        Howard has not stated a claim for denial of access. He had almost three months to
prepare his petition, and for an entire month before the law library closed he was making
unimpeded daily visits. He does not allege that Webster’s decision to temporarily close the
library impeded his ability to continue working on his petition, nor does he dispute the
district court’s statement that he could have put pen to paper after the library closure and
filed a timely petition. At best he alleges that his work was on a disk that he left in the
library, but at no time has he suggested that he sought assistance in getting access to that
disk after the library closed without notice. Indeed, Howard does not even allege that
these defendants or anyone else at the prison knew that his disk was locked in the library
or that his petition had not been finished before the library closed. Maybe Webster should
have thought to inquire, but her failure to do so was, at most, an isolated negligent act,
which, absent Howard inquiring into the closure or demanding that his work product be
returned, is not actionable under § 1983. See Lewis, 518 U.S. at 350; Snyder v. Nolen, 380 F.3d
279, 291 n.11 (7th Cir. 2004); Kincaid v. Vail, 969 F.2d 594, 602 (7th Cir. 1992).

       In any event, even assuming that the defendants engaged in actionable conduct,
Howard has not identified the underlying criminal case or any of the information
concerning the potential grounds he wished to raise in his petition for a writ of certiorari,
thus making it impossible for the district court or this court to evaluate whether his
underlying claim would have raised a nonfrivolous issue. See, e.g., Harbury, 536 U.S. at 416
(explaining that the “predicate claim [must] be described well enough to apply the
‘nonfrivolous’ test and to show that the ‘arguable’ nature of the underlying claim is more
than hope.”); Lewis, 518 U.S. at 351-52.

       Accordingly, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.