Court Opinion

ID: 3181191
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-02-29 20:33:02.87845+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:30:07.820306
License: Public Domain

.U C.J

       IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

STATE OF WASHINGTON,
                                                 No. 72840-7-1
                     Respondent,
                                                 DIVISION ONE
              v.

JESSE AARON GRIENER-JACOBSEN,                    UNPUBLISHED OPINION

                     Appellant.                  FILED: February 29, 2016

       Becker, J. — Appellant Jesse Griener-Jacobsen was charged with one

count of felony harassment. In a juror information sheet and during voir dire,

juror 6 disclosed that he had been convicted of a felony some three years earlier.

Juror 6 was seated. The jury convicted Griener-Jacobsen as charged. We affirm

the trial court order denying Griener-Jacobsen's motion for a new trial.

       Griener-Jacobsen moved for a new trial on the basis that juror 6 was

incompetent to serve as a juror because of his felony conviction. On appeal, his

single assignment of error is that he "was denied his statutory right to be tried by

12 competent jurors."

       Where there is material departure from the statutes that govern jury

selection, prejudice will be presumed. State v. Tinadale. 117 Wash. 2d 595, 600,

817 P.2d 850 (1991). Griener-Jacobson argues that the jury selection process
No. 72840-7-1/2

materially departed from the statute that sets forth the attributes that make a

prospective juror incompetent to serve:

      A person shall be competent to serve as a juror in the state of
      Washington unless that person:
            (1) Is less than eighteen years of age;
            (2) Is not a citizen of the United States;
            (3) Is not a resident of the county in which he or she has
       been summoned to serve;
              (4) Is not able to communicate in the English language; or
              (5) Has been convicted of a felony and has not had his or
       her civil rights restored.

RCW 2.36.070. Under RCW 2.36.070(5), a jury with a prior felony is

incompetent to serve unless he has had his civil rights restored.

      A Washington felon's right to vote is restored automatically once he or she

is no longer under the supervision of the Department of Corrections. RCW

29A.08.520(1). A Washington felon who has completed all requirements of his or

her sentence, including payment of legal financial obligations, is entitled to

receive from the sentencing court a certificate of discharge that restores to the

offender all civil rights not already restored by RCW 29A.08.520(1). RCW

9.94A.637(5).

       It came to light after the trial that juror 6 had not received a certificate of

discharge restoring his civil rights, although it appears he was entitled to one.

Griener-Jacobsen claims prejudice is presumed under Tingdale.

       In Tingdale, the flaw in the juror selection process was that the court

allowed the clerk to excuse potential jurors who the clerk knew to be acquainted

with the defendant. The defendant objected to this procedure, but the court

declined to provide a remedy. The Supreme Court reversed, based on the trial
No. 72840-7-1/3

court's failure to comply with statutes that govern the jury selection process,

including provisions designed to preserve the element of chance in jury selection.

"A randomly selected jury is a right provided by statute and is based on the

Legislature's policy of providing an impartial jury." Tingdale, 117 Wash. 2d at 600.

        Here, Griener-Jacobsen does not identify a material flaw in the jury

selection process. His complaint has to do with a fact about a particular juror, a

fact that was fully disclosed before the juror was seated. Griener-Jacobsen knew

juror 6 had a prior felony conviction, and he had ample opportunity to inquire

whether juror 6 had received a certificate of discharge restoring his civil rights.

The fact that counsel made no such inquiry during voir dire does not lead to a

conclusion that the trial court committed error during the jury selection process.

Griener-Jacobson cites no authority indicating that a trial court must act sua

sponte to assure that none of the seated jurors are incompetent under RCW

2.36.070. Because Tingdale is concerned with the fairness of the jury selection

process, not the attributes of particular jurors who remain on the jury after a fair

jury selection process, it does not support a presumption of prejudice in this

case.

        Griener-Jacobson's position is that a new trial must automatically be

granted whenever a jury that brings in a guilty verdict includes a former felon
whose civil rights have not been restored. He does not cite authority indicating

that the impartiality of a jury is necessarily undermined, or that reversal is

automatically required, merely because such a person is seated on a jury. No

constitutional right is implicated by a showing that a juror does not satisfy a
No. 72840-7-1/4

statutory requirement for juror competency. State v. Clearv, 166 Wash. App. 43, 47,

269 P.3d 367 (2012).

       Griener-Jacobsen had an opportunity to ask to have juror 6 excused for

cause on the ground that the prior conviction rendered juror 6 incompetent under

RCW 2.36.070(5) unless his civil rights have been officially restored. Griener-

Jacobsen had the further opportunity during voir dire to ask juror 6 whether his

civil rights had been restored. Griener-Jacobsen did not raise any issue

regarding the felony conviction until after the trial, perhaps because he wanted

juror 6 to serve on the jury. By waiting until after the guilty verdict to object to

juror 6, Griener-Jacobsen waived the objection. See State v. Clark, 34 Wash.
485, 491, 76 P. 98 (1904) ("The statute relating to the examination is simply

declaratory of the rights of the plaintiff and of the defendant. Either may waive

his right to qualify or disqualify the jurors.")

       The trial court did not err in denying the motion for a new trial.

       Affirmed.

WE CONCUR:

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