Court Opinion

ID: 4505799
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-02-07 19:08:37.006508+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:37:49.063421
License: Public Domain

[Cite as Zoellner v. Zoellner, 2020-Ohio-406.]

                             IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
                                 SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                        ERIE COUNTY

Melanie Zoellner                                     Court of Appeals No. E-19-004

        Appellant                                    Trial Court No. 2017 DR 0002

v.

Robert Zoellner                                      DECISION AND JUDGMENT

        Appellee                                     Decided: February 7, 2020

                                                 *****

        Brent L. English, for appellant.

        James W. Hart, for appellee.

                                                 *****

        PIETRYKOWSKI, J.

        {¶ 1} Appellant, Melanie Zoellner, appeals the judgment of the Erie County Court

of Common Pleas, which adopted a magistrate’s entry, and which granted appellant a

divorce from appellee, Robert Zoellner, and divided the parties’ assets. For the reasons

that follow, we affirm.
                          I. Facts and Procedural Background

       {¶ 2} On January 10, 2017, appellant initiated the present action by filing a

complaint for divorce from appellee. Appellee answered the complaint, and included a

counterclaim for divorce. Discovery was had, and the matter proceeded to a trial before

the magistrate on January 30 and April 30, 2018, for the division of property. At the end

of the trial, the magistrate requested proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law

from both parties to be filed within 30 days. Appellee submitted his proposed findings of

fact and conclusions of law on May 25, 2018. Appellant submitted her proposed findings

of fact and conclusions of law on June 29, 2018.

       {¶ 3} On July 26, 2018, the magistrate adopted appellee’s findings of fact and

conclusions of law. On that date, the magistrate entered upon the journal a document

captioned “Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law.” The document was nearly

identical to appellee’s proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, except that the

magistrate removed appellee’s signature box, and signed his own name at the end of the

document.

       {¶ 4} Also attached to the end of the July 26, 2018 entry was a single page titled

“NOTICE.” In addition to being in all caps, bolded, and underlined, it appears that the

word “notice” was in a slightly larger font size. Under the title, in ordinary typeface, was

the following:

              Pursuant to Civil Rule 53, within 14 days of the filing of this

       decision, a party may file written objections, stating the party’s objections

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       with particularity. If a party makes a request for findings of fact and

       conclusions of law under Civil Rule 53 and Civil Rule 52, the time for

       filing objections begins to run when the magistrate files a decision

       including findings of fact and conclusions of law.

              If no written objections are filed within 14 days, Counsel for the

       Defendant shall prepare a Judgment Entry pursuant to Civil Rule 53

       adopting the foregoing Magistrate’s Decision for Judge Tone’s signature.

              A party shall not assign as error on appeal the court’s adoption of

       any finding of fact or conclusion of law in that decision unless the party

       timely and specifically objects to that finding or conclusion as required by

       Civ. R. 53.

       {¶ 5} On August 9, 2018, appellant filed her “Objection to Magistrate’s Findings

of Fact and Conclusions of Law.” In her filing, appellant specifically contested

numerous findings of fact as being against the manifest weight of the evidence, and

multiple conclusions of law as being unsupported by the evidence and contrary to law.

Appellant also sought leave to “supplement these objects (sic), as they are being filed

prior to the preparation of the transcript in accordance with Civ.R. 53(D). [Appellant] is

requesting an additional 30 days after the transcript is prepared in which to supplement.”

       {¶ 6} On August 23, 2018, appellant filed the court reporter’s statement that the

transcript consisted of approximately 450 pages and would take between 60 and 75 days

to prepare.

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       {¶ 7} Nothing else was placed into the record until November 2, 2018, when

appellee filed a “Motion and Affidavit to Show Cause,” in which he alleged that

appellant placed a “for sale” sign in the window of their marital home in violation of a

court injunction.

       {¶ 8} On November 5, 2018, appellant filed her “Notice of Dismissal of Appeal,”

in which she “dismiss[ed] her appeal of the magistrate’s decision.”

       {¶ 9} On December 26, 2018, the trial court entered its judgment adopting the

magistrate’s July 26, 2018 entry, which it characterized as the “magistrate’s decision.”

The court noted in its judgment entry that appellant timely filed objections on August 9,

2018, that appellee filed a motion and affidavit to show cause, and that the parties then

reached an agreement that would become an order of the court. In particular, the court

ordered that appellant must take out a mortgage on the marital residence to pay

approximately $43,000 to appellee to equalize the parties’ property division, and appellee

must withdraw his motion and affidavit to show cause, and the costs for the motion

would be paid from the filing fee deposited by appellee. The judgment entry noted that

appellant then dismissed her objections on November 5, 2018. The December 26, 2018

judgment entry was approved by both parties, but with appellant and her attorney

approving “as to form only.”

                                II. Assignments of Error

       {¶ 10} Appellant has timely appealed the December 26, 2018 judgment of the Erie

County Court of Common Pleas, and now asserts one assignment of error for our review:

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             1. The judgment of the trial court adopting “findings of fact and

      conclusions of law” as a “magistrate’s decision” is erroneous and must be

      reversed because the magistrate failed to comply with Civ.R.

      53(D)(3)(a)(iii) by (1) failing to designate the decision as a “magistrate’s

      decision” in the caption; and (2) by failing to conspicuously inform the

      parties that failure to file timely and specific objections to the magistrate’s

      findings of fact and conclusions of law, no matter how they were

      designated in the decision, constituted a waiver of the right to appeal from

      the adopting of those findings of fact and conclusions of law.

                                       III. Analysis

      {¶ 11} The crux of appellant’s argument is that the magistrate’s July 26, 2018

entry was procedurally deficient in two ways, and thus did not constitute a “magistrate’s

decision” under Civ.R. 53(D)(3)(a)(iii). Civ.R. 53(D)(3)(a)(iii) provides,

      A magistrate’s decision shall be in writing, identified as a magistrate’s

      decision in the caption, signed by the magistrate, filed with the clerk, and

      served by the clerk on all parties or their attorneys no later than three days

      after the decision is filed. A magistrate’s decision shall indicate

      conspicuously that a party shall not assign as error on appeal the court’s

      adoption of any factual finding or legal conclusion, whether or not

      specifically designated as a finding of fact or conclusion of law under Civ.

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       R. 53(D)(3)(a)(ii), unless the party timely and specifically objects to that

       factual finding or legal conclusion as required by Civ. R. 53(D)(3)(b).

In particular, appellant argues that the magistrate’s July 26, 2018 entry was not identified

as a “magistrate’s decision” in the caption, and that the entry did not “conspicuously”

provide the notice that a party must object to the magistrate’s decision in order to

preserve the right to challenge the adoption of a factual finding or legal conclusion on

appeal. Notably, appellant does not argue that the content of the notice provided in the

July 26, 2018 entry was deficient, only that it was not “conspicuous.”

       {¶ 12} “A trial court’s failure to comply with Civ.R. 53 constitutes grounds for

reversal only if the appellant shows the alleged error has merit and the error worked to

the prejudice of the appellant.” In re Estate of Hughes, 94 Ohio App. 3d 551, 554, 641
N.E.2d 248 (9th Dist.1994). Here, even assuming the arguable deficiencies to be errors,

the record reveals that the alleged errors did not work to the prejudice of appellant.

       {¶ 13} As cited by appellant, “Civ.R. 53(D)(3)(a)(iii) uses the mandatory ‘shall’ to

impose an obligation on magistrates to identify their decisions and to notify the parties of

the necessity to file objections in order to avoid forfeiting the parties’ arguments on

appeal.” M.H. v. J.H., 9th Dist. Medina No. 16CA0055-M, 2017-Ohio-8679, ¶ 9. “The

clear import of [Civ.R. 53(D)] is to provide litigants with a meaningful opportunity to

register objections to the [magistrate’s decision] and the failure to provide such an

opportunity to object is prejudicial error.” Id., quoting Ulrich v. Mercedes-Benz USA,

LLC, 9th Dist. Summit No. 23550, 2007-Ohio-5034, ¶ 13. In this case, appellant had a

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meaningful opportunity to register objections to the magistrate’s July 26, 2018 entry

because she did, in fact, file objections to the entry.

       {¶ 14} However, appellant now claims that her November 5, 2018 decision to

withdraw her objections was impacted by confusion regarding what the July 26, 2018

entry was, and what she should or could do in response to it. Appellant argues that this

confusion is evidenced by her usage of differing nomenclature in that she initially

objected to the “Magistrate’s Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law,” but later

dismissed “her appeal of the magistrate’s decision.” We find no merit to this claim. To

the contrary, the record reveals that the July 26, 2018 entry—although not captioned as

such—was clearly the magistrate’s decision following the trial on the division of

property. Appellant evidently understood the July 26, 2018 entry as such in that she

timely filed objections to the entry. Most tellingly, in her “Objection to Magistrate’s

Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law,” appellant cited Civ.R. 53(D) in asking for the

ability to supplement her objections upon preparation of the transcript. Appellant’s claim

that she did not understand what the July 26, 2018 entry was is belied by the fact that in

her objections to the entry she cited the very rule governing magistrate’s decisions and

the objections thereto.

       {¶ 15} Therefore, we find it unnecessary to determine whether the failure to

caption an entry as a “magistrate’s decision” is reversible error, or to determine whether

notice of a party’s rights and obligations under Civ.R. 53(D) is “conspicuous” when it is

placed on a separate page under a heading that is in all-caps, bolded, underlined, and in a

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larger font, because in this case, appellant has not demonstrated any prejudice in that she

timely filed objections to the magistrate’s July 26, 2018 entry.

       {¶ 16} Accordingly, appellant’s assignment of error is not well-taken.

                                      IV. Conclusion

       {¶ 17} For the foregoing reasons, we find that substantial justice has been done the

party complaining, and the judgment of the Erie County Court of Common Pleas is

affirmed. Appellant is ordered to pay the costs of this appeal pursuant to App.R. 24.

                                                                        Judgment affirmed.

       A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27.
See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.

Mark L. Pietrykowski, J.                        _______________________________
                                                            JUDGE
Arlene Singer, J.
                                                _______________________________
Christine E. Mayle, J.                                      JUDGE
CONCUR.
                                                _______________________________
                                                            JUDGE

           This decision is subject to further editing by the Supreme Court of
      Ohio’s Reporter of Decisions. Parties interested in viewing the final reported
           version are advised to visit the Ohio Supreme Court’s web site at:
                    http://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/ROD/docs/.

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