Court Opinion

ID: 5160120
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-01-02 02:39:42.003394+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:25:35.292860
License: Public Domain

BRETT, J.,
concurs in results.
APPENDIX
We have reviewed the two assignments of error for fundamental error and find that no error requiring modification or reversal exists.
A) In his first assignment of error, the appellant argues that the trial court erred in overruling his motion to suppress the State’s key witness’ in-court identification of him. The appellant asserts the in-court identification was based upon a prejudicial pretrial photographic lineup and pretrial identification. Based upon factors set forth in Manson v. Brathwaite, 432 U.S. 98, 97 S.Ct. 2243, 53 L.Ed.2d 140 (1977), we conclude the pretrial lineup was not overly suggestive as to make it unreliable. In the instant case, 1) the victim viewed the appellant in a lighted area at close range for one to two minutes; 2) the victim was reasonably cognizant of the appellant’s actions moments prior to and during the robbery; 3) we note the victim was unable to identify the appellant from a police “mug shot” book. However, the record discloses the appellant’s “mug shot” photograph was not a recent photograph of the appellant; 4) during the second photographic lineup, the victim immediately picked out the appellant’s photograph and positively asserted, “That’s him;” and 5) the victim never wavered from her identification of the appellant two weeks after the robbery and again during the preliminary hearing and trial. Consequently, under the totality of the circumstances the in-court identification was proper. See Porter v. State, 674 P.2d 558 (Okl.Cr.1984).
B) In his second assignment of error, the appellant maintains that the trial court erroneously excluded testimony of the appellant’s former sister-in-law, Elvina Smith, that she observed “some man with a beard” point out the appellant and say, “That’s him,” as' he got off the elevator just prior to the preliminary hearing. The record reveals that the State objected to the aforementioned testimony and a conference was held at the bench in which the State’s objection was sustained. No formal offer of proof was ever made, and there is no evidence before this Court which demonstrates who the person was who made the alleged comment, nor that the comment was aimed specifically at the appellant, nor that the State’s witness was even present at the time the alleged statement was made. Under these circumstances the appellant has failed to provide this Court with sufficient evidence to determine the issue raised. This Court will not presume error from a silent record.