Court Opinion

ID: 4130910
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-02-18 01:09:48.281494+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:34:19.329344
License: Public Domain

Honorable Barry L. Macha        Opinion No.   JM-557
     Criminal District Attorney
     Wichita County Courthouse       Re:   Whether a private check collec-
     Wichita Falls, Texas   763CI    tion agency may charge the drawer for
                                     the holder’s consequential damages in
                                     addition to the face value of the
                                     check and the maximum processing fee

     Dear Mr. Macha:

          You have requested our opinion regarding certain fees which may
     be charged by a private collection agent for the holder of a dis-
     honored check. Article 9022, V.T.C.S., provides:

                 (a) The holier of a check or its assignee,
              agent, representative, or any other person retained
              by the holder to seek collection of the face value
              of the dishonor~zdcheck on the return of the check
              to the holder following its dishonor by a payor s
              charge the dra3tr.ror endorser a reasonable fee,
              which shall not>-xceed $15.

                  (b) Nothing herein shall be construed as
               affecting any x,i,ghtor remedy to which the holder
               of the check may be entitled under any rule,
               regulation, written contract, judicial decision, or
               other statute. (Emphasis added).

     You ask whether this sta’:uteprovides a private collection agent with
     the authority to charge the drawer for a holder of a dishonored check
     consequential damages (separate bank charge for dishonor fee) in
     addition to the face yrnlue of the check and the $15.00 maximum
     processing fee. We con&ude that it does not.

          When it is necessary to ascertain the true meaning of a statute,
     it is permissible to consider the state of the law at the time of its
     enactment, the conditions designed to be dealt with, the good intended
     to be accomplished, and. the mischief sought to be prevented or
     remedied. See Lawson v.--Baker, 220 S.W. 260 (Tex. Civ. App. - Austin
     1920, writxf’d);    see also 53 Tex. hr. 2d Statutes 9162, at 236
                         ---
     (1964). Article 9022 was enacted by the Sixty-eighth Legislature in
     1983 to permit retailex,s to charge a processing fee, not to exceed
,-   $15.00, for returned ck,ecks. Acts 1983, 68th Leg., ch. 617, §l, at
     3873, eff. Aug. 29. 1983; see also Bill Analysis to H.B. No. 921,

                                     p, 2477
Honorable Barry L. Macha - Page 2     (JM-557)

prepared for House Committx on Business and Couanerce,filed in Bill
File to R.B. No. 921, Legislative Reference Library. Prior to the
enactment of article 9022, a retailer, in order to recoup or off-set
the cost of processing a dishonored check, had to prove that the
customer, or drawer of a check, contracted to pay a stipulated flat
fee if the check was dishonored. Id. Article 9022 eliminated this
difficult procedure.

     It is clear from the expressed language of section (a) that a
collection "agent" of a holder of a dishonored check may "seek
collection of the face va:Lue" of the dishonored check and charge a
processing fee of $15.00. V.T.C.S. art. 9022(a). See also Trimmier
V. Carlton, 296 S.W. 1070 (Tex. 1927) (unambiguous statutes are
construed to give effect t> its terms). Accordingly, section (a) of
article 9022 specifically authorizes a collection agent of a holder of
a dishonored check to col:Lect the face amount of the check plus a
processing fee not to exceed $15.00. -See Attorney General Opinion
JM-472   (1986).

     Section (a) of article;9022 does not authorize any fee in excess
of the $15.00 regardless XE the total cost of collecting the face
value of a dishonored che,ck. As indicated above, the legislative
purpose for allowing the fee was to insure that the agent of the
holder may collect a "reasonable" fee from the drawer or endorser
                                                                         ?
without the necessity of proving that a contract for a flat fee
existed. Bill Analysis to H1.B.No. 921, prepared for House Committee
on Business and Commerce, filed in Bill File to H.B. No. 921, Legisla-
tive Reference Library. Accordingly, the fee was only intended to
off-set the administrative cDst and expense of processing a dishonored
check and not as a compensation for damages. The statute does not
preclude recovery for consequential damages for breach of the payor's
contractual obligations. _--
                          the V.T.C.S. art. 9022(b); see also Bus. &
Comm. Code 53.802(a)(2) (an action may be maintained on either the
instrument or the obligation).

                               SUMMARY

                Section (a) of article 9022, V.T.C.S., authorizes
            a collection agent of a holder of a dishonored check
            to collect the f'ace amount of the check plus a
            processing fee not to exceed $15.00. However, the
            provision does not authorize a collection agent to
            charge an amount to compensate for consequential
            damages resulting f,comthe collection of a dishonored
            check.

                                      ,     Very/tth

                                                                         ?
                                            JIM     MATTOX
                                            Attorney General of Texas

                                   p. 2478
    Honorable Barry L. Macha - Page 3        (JM-557)

P

    JACK HIGHTOWER
    First Assistant Attorney Gmeral

    UARY KELLER
    Executive Assistant Attormy    General

    RICK GILPIN
    Chairman, Opinion Committee!

    Prepared by Tony Guillory
    Assistant Attorney General

                                      p. 2479