Court Opinion

ID: 4267653
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-04-24 00:06:06.512684+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:24:26.408917
License: Public Domain

STATE OF VERMONT
SUPERIOR COURT                                             ENVIRONMENTAL DIVISION
Environmental Division Unit                                  Docket Nos. 71-6-15 Vtec
                                                                   and 116-9-15 Vtec

APC Property LLC dba Burlington                         DECISION ON MOTIONS
Bedrooms CU & SP

                                     Decision on Motions
       Currently before the Court are four motions related to APC Property, LLC’s (APC) appeal
of the Town of Shelburne Development Review Board’s (DRB) denial of APC’s Conditional Use
Application, Docket No. 71-6-15 Vtec (CU Application), and APC’s related appeal of its Notice of
Violation (NOV), Docket No. 116-9-15 Vtec, issued by the Town of Shelburne Zoning
Administrative Officer and affirmed by the DRB. In the CU Application appeal, APC moves to
consolidate the CU Application with the NOV appeal, and also moves to dismiss interested party
Wild Rose Circle Association. Appellees, a group interested parties, including the Wild Rose
Circle Association, that appear in both matters, move in the CU Application appeal requesting
that we remove the mediation requirement and amend the scheduling order. In the NOV
appeal, APC moves to stay enforcement of the NOV pending our decision in the CU Application
appeal. The Town of Shelburne (Town) is participating as an interested party in both the CU
Application appeal and the NOV appeal.
       We turn first to APC’s Motion to Consolidate. We begin by noting that, although the
terms may have been used interchangeably in the past, consolidation and coordination are
distinct actions. Consolidation more appropriately refers to consolidating multiple proceedings
into a single action and requires consent of the parties. See V.R.C.P 42(a). Whereas,
coordination under V.R.E.C.P. 2(b) is a tool of expedience whereby multiple matters are heard
together but maintain their separate docket numbers. See V.R.E.C.P. 2 (granting the court
power to coordinate multiple proceedings where the same or significantly related matter has
resulted in separate hearings or appeals and the coordination of the matters “will promote
expeditious and fair proceedings and avoid unnecessary costs or delay.”); see also Reporter's
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Notes, V.R.E.C.P. 2 (“[V.R.E.C.P. 2(b)] does not address full consolidation of proceedings, which
by virtue of V.R.C.P. 42(a) may be ordered only with the consent of the parties.”). We interpret
APC’s Motion to Consolidate as actually requesting coordination of the two related matters.1 As
Appellees do not oppose the coordination of the CU Application and the NOV appeal, we
hereby coordinate Docket Nos. 71-6-15 Vtec and 116-9-15 Vtec.
        We next address APC’s Motion to Dismiss Wild Rose Circle Association as a party from
the matters. APC claims that Wild Rose Circle Association (Wild Rose) should be dismissed
because “A diligent search of the State of Vermont Secretary of State’s website and data base
cannot find any evidence that Wild Rose . . . is a created entity registered with the State of
Vermont.” We are unaware of any requirement that a homeowners association must be
incorporated in order to participate as an association before the Environmental Division and
APC has not cited any other issue with Wild Rose’s standing under 24 V.S.A. §§ 4465 and 4471.
A homeowners association need not be incorporated to take action as an association. See 27A
V.S.A. § 3-101. Further, an unincorporated association may sue and be sued as an association.
See 12 V.S.A. § 814. Therefore, the fact that Wild Rose is unincorporated is, alone, insufficient
to dismiss Wild Rose as a party. We therefore deny the motion to dismiss.
        Third, we consider Appellees’ Motion to Remove Mediation Requirement and Amend
Scheduling Order. Appellees suggest that they have participated in informal discussions with
the Town and APC, and have reached an impasse that further negotiations will not resolve.
They therefore request that we remove the formal mediation requirement from the scheduling
order. We deny this request. Although informal negotiations have not been fruitful in reaching
a final settlement of the CU Application, the three parties recognize that there is common
ground between the parties and we conclude that formal mediation will not be overly
burdensome. We therefore order the parties to participate in at least a half day of mediation.
We leave any cost allocation arrangements to the parties. As a result of our order, a revision of
the pre-trial schedule is necessary. During our January 11, 2016 status conference, the parties
were instructed to negotiate and file an agreed upon revised scheduling order. Once filed, we
will separately consider the revised schedule.

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         To the extent that APC seeks to consolidate pursuant to V.R.C.P. 42(a), we deny the motion as there is
not consent of the parties.
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         Lastly, we turn to APC’s Motion to Stay Enforcement of Notice of Violation. Pursuant to
24 V.S.A. § 4451, a municipality may issue a notice of violation to any person who violates the
municipalities bylaws. The notice of violation must give the alleged offender seven days to cure
the violation. § 4451(a). If the alleged offender fails to cure the violation, a fine of up to $200
per day begins accruing on the eighth day for each day the violation continues. Id. In order to
challenge the merits of the alleged violation, a timely appeal of the notice of violation must be
taken. 24 V.S.A. § 4472. If the alleged offender fails to cure the violation within the seven day
period, the municipality may commence an enforcement action to prevent the offending
conduct and to collect appropriate penalties.
         In its motion, APC request that this Court stay the enforcement of the NOV until the CU
Application appeal is resolved. APC suggests that a failure to stay the NOV enforcement
proceedings will prejudice its contract with U-Haul and would create a hardship on APC. We
note that no enforcement action has yet been commenced.2 As APC’s motion provides little
guidance, we interpret APC’s motion as requesting that we stay per day penalties from accruing
based on any uncured violations. We deny APC’s request.
         Pursuant to V.R.E.C.P. 5(e), when a stay is not automatically issued under 10 V.S.A. §
8504, this Court, on its own motion or the motion of a party, may issue a stay to “preserve the
rights of the parties upon such terms and conditions as are just.” See also 10 V.S.A. 8504(f).
When considering whether to grant a motion to stay, we analyze whether the moving party has
demonstrated: (1) a strong likelihood of success on the merits; (2) irreparable injury to the
moving party if the stay is not granted; (3) that the stay will not substantially harm other
parties; and (4) whether the stay will serve the best interests of the public. In re Howard Center
Renovation Permit, No. 12-1-13 Vtec, slip op. at 1 (Vt. Super. Ct. Envtl. Div. April 12, 2013)
(Walsh, J.); see also Gilbert v. Gilbert, 163 Vt. 549, 560 (1995).

         2
           If an enforcement action is eventually commenced before we reach the merits of the NOV matter, it may
be appropriate to coordinate the enforcement matter with the appeal of the NOV. Nevertheless, even if the Town
files an enforcement action a stay is not warranted without additional justification. APC has failed to demonstrate
irreparable injury if the enforcement action is not stayed and has made no showing of likelihood of success. See In
re Sheffield Wind Project Amended Individual Stormwater Permit, No. 252-10-08 Vtec, slip op. at 4 (Vt. Super. Ct.
Envtl. Div. Nov. 17, 2010) (Wright, J.) (“Appellants must demonstrate all four of these elements for the stay to be
granted.”). Further, APC will have a full and fair opportunity to litigate the merits of the alleged violations in its
appeal of the NOV matter and allowing any enforcement action to proceed will not impact its ability to challenge
the Town’s allegations.
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       Here, APC has failed to establish that any of the four factors warrant granting its request
for a stay. Any penalties that may accrue are the result of APC’s failure to cure the violations.
APC was afforded seven days to cure any violation and has presented no justification why it was
unable to do so. Additionally, APC’s claim that enforcement may injure its business relation
with U-Haul is unavailing. APC has no right to conduct its operation in violation of the Town’s
bylaws and its general claim of prejudice concerning future business with U-Haul fails to
establish irreparable injury. Further, there is no reason the current NOV matter cannot proceed
simultaneously with the CU Application appeal. The merits of APC’s CU Application has no
bearing on past zoning violations; even if successful in obtaining a conditional use permit, APC
will still be liable for any zoning violations that occurred prior to the issuance of the permit.
Lastly, APC has failed to demonstrate a strong likelihood of success or that a stay will serve the
best interests of the public. APC timely appealed the NOV and thus will have a full opportunity
to challenge the substance of the alleged violations before this Court. While penalties will
continue to accrue for each day the alleged violations persist, no penalty may be collected until
we decide the merits of the NOV, and only if the Town files an enforcement action and prevails
on the merits will it be able to collect penalties. We therefore conclude that APC has failed to
establish grounds for a stay and thus deny its motion.
       Accordingly, based on the foregoing, we coordinate the CU Application appeal, Docket
No. 71-6-15 Vtec with APC’s appeal of the NOV, Docket No. 116-9-15 Vtec. Further, we DENY
APC’s Motion to Dismiss Wild Rose Circle Association in Docket No. 71-6-15 Vtec and also DENY
Appellees’ Motion to Remove Mediation Requirement and Amend Scheduling Order in the
same matter. Lastly, we DENY APC’s Motion to Stay Enforcement of the NOV in Docket No. 116-
9-15 Vtec.

Electronically signed on January 21, 2016 at 10:58 AM pursuant to V.R.E.F. 7(d).

_________________________________________
Thomas G. Walsh, Judge
Superior Court, Environmental Division

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