Court Opinion

ID: 4513117
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-03-05 17:05:54.294926+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:38:53.224283
License: Public Domain

FIFTH DIVISION
                          MCFADDEN, C. J.,
      MCMILLIAN, P. J., and SENIOR APPELLATE JUDGE PHIPPS

                   NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be
                   physically received in our clerk’s office within ten
                   days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed.
                               http://www.gaappeals.us/rules

                                                                  February 26, 2020

In the Court of Appeals of Georgia
 A19A1703. REPUBLIC TITLE COMPANY, LLC v. ANDREWS.

      MCFADDEN, Chief Judge.

      This appeal asks, when a case in which there is a pending summary judgment

motion is transferred from one superior court to another for venue purposes, whether

the movant must renew the motion and the transferee court must allow the nonmovant

a second opportunity to respond and be heard before the transferee court may rule on

the motion. The answer is no. We therefore affirm the trial court’s grant of summary

judgment in this case.

      1. Procedural history.

      Annie Andrews filed in the Superior Court of DeKalb County a petition to

quiet title. Some of the respondents acquiesced to the relief sought. But Republic

Title Co., LLC moved to dismiss the petition on the ground of improper venue, and
Andrews moved for summary judgment. The DeKalb County court denied Republic’s

motion to dismiss and granted summary judgment to Andrews. It appears from the

record that Republic neither responded to nor requested a hearing on the summary

judgment motion during this period.

      Republic appealed these rulings, and in Republic Title Co. v. Andrews, 347 Ga.

App. 463 (819 SE2d 889) (2018), we agreed with Republic that venue in DeKalb

County was improper. So we reversed the grant of summary judgment, vacated the

denial of the motion to dismiss, and remanded the case to the trial court for further

proceedings. Id. at 468-469.

      On remand, the DeKalb County court entered an order vacating his earlier

summary judgment order, vacating his order denying the motion to dismiss, holding

that he would treat the motion to dismiss as a motion to transfer venue, and

transferring the case to the Superior Court of Fulton County. See Coastal Transp. v.

Tillery, 270 Ga. App. 135, 140 (3) (605 SE2d 865) (2004) (“Even when a party moves

to dismiss a complaint due to improper venue, the appropriate response is to transfer

the case.”) (emphasis omitted). Several months after the case was transferred, the

Fulton County court granted summary judgment to Andrews.

      2. Summary judgment ruling.

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         Republic argues that, before the Fulton County court could rule on the

summary judgment motion, Andrews was required to renew the motion and Republic

was required to have an opportunity to respond to it and request a hearing. But the

rules governing case transfers authorized the Fulton County court to rule on the

summary judgment motion.

         “The Georgia Constitution provides: ‘any court shall transfer to the appropriate

court in the state any civil case in which it determines that jurisdiction or venue lies

elsewhere.’ Ga. Const. of 1983, Art. VI, Sec. I, Par. VII. This constitutional mandate

was implemented in the Uniform Transfer Rules, enacted in 1984.” Atlanta

Empowerment Zone Corp. v. Light Energy Mgmt., 269 Ga. App. 728 (605 SE2d 124)

(2004) (citation omitted). See Uniform Transfer Rules, 251 Ga. 893, 893-895 (1984).

Uniform Superior Court Rule 19.1 also mandates transfers among superior courts,

“including the specific procedures for a transfer.” Atlanta Empowerment Zone Corp.,

supra.

         Rule T-13 of the Uniform Transfer Rules provides that, upon a transfer, “[t]he

case shall continue in the court to which transferred as though initially commenced

there[.]” (Emphasis supplied.) Uniform Superior Court Rule 19.1 (I) contains similar

language. Under these rules, a transferee court has the same authority to act upon a

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pending motion for summary judgment as had the transferor court. See generally

Cook Pecan Co. v. McDaniel, 337 Ga. App. 186, 189-190 (2) (786 SE2d 852) (2016)

(applying principle that case shall continue as though originally commenced in

transferee court in review of summary judgment ruling).

      At the time this case was transferred, Andrews’s motion for summary judgment

was pending and ripe for review. Although the DeKalb County court earlier had ruled

on the motion, when we reversed that ruling for lack of venue we rendered it a nullity.

“A trial court without venue lacks authority to issue an order or judgment, and any

such order or judgment is void.” Chung v. Hair Trend USA, 322 Ga. App. 429, 432

(745 SE2d 681) (2013). And a judgment that is “void for any . . . cause is a mere

nullity[.]” OCGA § 17-9-4. So at the time of the transfer, a summary judgment motion

had been filed and the time period for a response or request for a hearing had passed,

but the motion had not yet been ruled upon. Because the rules governing transfer

required the Fulton County court to treat the case as if that summary judgment motion

had been filed in Fulton County, the Fulton County court could rule on the motion.

      We find no merit in Republic’s argument that our decision in Morrison v.

Morrison, 299 Ga. App. 758 (683 SE2d 696) (2009), requires a different result.

Unlike this case, there was no pending summary judgment motion in Morrison.

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Instead, our Supreme Court had reversed an earlier grant of summary judgment on the

merits. Morrison v. Morrison, 284 Ga. 112 (663 SE2d 714) (2008). See generally

Rose v. Household Fin. Corp., 316 Ga. App. 282, 286 (2) (728 SE2d 879) (2012)

(“There is a distinction between void and erroneous, as used with reference to acts

from a judicial body[.]”) (citation and punctuation omitted). On remand, the trial

court again granted summary judgment, apparently on different grounds. See

Morrison, 299 Ga. App. at 760 (1). On appeal from this second grant of summary

judgment, we agreed with the appellants’ contention “that the trial court erred in

granting summary judgment without notice or a pending motion.” Id. at 760 (2)

(emphasis supplied). So we remanded the case

      with instructions that, if either party moves again for summary
      judgment, the trial court shall give the opposing party at least thirty days
      during which to file additional evidence, then schedule a hearing, and
      then by order or judgment attempt to narrow the issues, if any, for jury
      determination, and to decide those issues which are matters of law for
      the court.

Id. at 761 (2) (emphasis supplied).

      Here, in contrast, there was a pending motion for summary judgment before the

Fulton County court, as explained above. Unlike Morrison, this is not a case where

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the summary judgment ruling should have come as a surprise. So the directions we

gave to the trial court on remand in Morrison are not applicable here.

      Judgment affirmed. McMillian, P. J., and Senior Appellate Judge Herbert E.

Phipps concur.

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