Court Opinion

ID: 2871541
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-06 04:00:21.840582+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:35:15.864863
License: Public Domain

TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

                                      NO. 03-05-00224-CV

                                     Suran Wije, Appellant

                                                v.

                            The Home Service Store, Inc., Appellee

             FROM THE COUNTY COURT AT LAW NO. 2 OF TRAVIS COUNTY
             NO. 268579, HONORABLE J. DAVID PHILLIPS, JUDGE PRESIDING

                            MEMORANDUM OPINION

               Suran Wije brings this pro se appeal challenging the trial court’s judgment denying

his claims and awarding attorney’s fees to the Home Service Store (HSS). Construing Wije’s

appellate briefs liberally, we find no error.1 We affirm the judgment.

                                        BACKGROUND

               HSS is a business that serves as an intermediary between home repair contractors and

consumers. HSS refers contractors to consumers, accepts payment on behalf of contractors, and

       1
          Although we liberally construe pro se pleadings, pro se litigants are not exempt from
applicable laws and rules of procedure. See Shull v. United Parcel Serv., 4 S.W.3d 46, 52-53 (Tex.
App.—San Antonio 1999, pet. denied).
provides a limited warranty for the work done. Wije contacted HSS, who referred a contractor,

Ricardo Vera, to remodel a bathroom in Wije’s condominium. HSS provided a form contract that

was signed by Vera and Wije. The contract detailed the work to be done, specified that Wije would

provide necessary materials costing $1,270.74 and that the contractor would receive payment for

labor in the amount of $1,500.2 The contract also included a page of language explaining HSS’s

limited role as a referral and billing service and discussing the warranty policy.

               The details of the warranty policy are stated in the following paragraphs:

       By making all payments through HSS, the Member is provided additional leverage
       in the event defective work is performed. If the Member notifies HSS within two
       days of the completion date of the work that the work is defective, the Referred
       Contractor will be expected to fulfill their guarantee and make corrective repairs
       before receiving payment from HSS. If such notification is made after two days from
       the completion date but within the warranty period (see below), HSS will still
       endeavor to secure corrective repairs from the Referred Contractor. In the event that
       corrective repairs are not secured from the Referred Contractor, HSS will refer
       another contractor to perform corrective repairs at a cost to HSS not to exceed the
       contract price or $1000, whichever is less. . . .

       The Member Protection Plan is voided in the following circumstances: 1) If
       payment is made for any service or extra work directly to a Referred Contractor or
       an employee or subcontractor of the Referred Contractor; 2) a Referred Contractor
       supplies labor where the Member has supplied material (unless previously authorized
       by HSS); and 3) any person other than HSS’ Referred Contractor makes alterations
       or adjustments to the work performed by the Referred Contractor.

(Emphasis in original.)

       2
          As discussed in Wije’s third issue, two copies of this contract appear in the record. One
contains a notation regarding the cost of materials provided by Wije. This notation appears to have
been added to the document after the contract was signed by the parties and the first copy was made.

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                Problems arose soon after work commenced on Wije’s bathroom. Vera went on

vacation and was not present throughout the project to supervise his employee. The work area was

not sealed off prior to cutting into the cement slab, resulting in a layer of dust spread throughout

Wije’s condominium. At one point a pipe was severed cutting off water to the entire building. Wije

asserted that he personally had to supervise some of the work to ensure that it was done correctly.

In Vera’s absence, his employee apparently demanded direct payment from Wije, threatening to walk

off of the project. Wije paid the employee for his services so that the work would continue. Wije

informed HSS that he was unsatisfied with the work. After failing to resolve his claim with HSS,

Wije filed suit alleging breach of contract, negligence, and violations of the deceptive trade practices

act. In his deposition, Wije asserted damages of approximately $2,000,000. Both parties filed

motions for summary judgment that were overruled by the trial court. After a bench trial, the trial

court granted a take nothing judgment in favor of HSS and awarded HSS’s attorney’s fees for trial

and appeal.

                                           DISCUSSION

                Wije raises four issues on appeal, all with regard to his contract claim. Because Wije

did not obtain findings of fact and conclusions of law and has not produced the reporter’s record of

the bench trial, we presume that the record supports the judgment. See Vickery v. Commission for

Lawyer Discipline, 5 S.W.3d 241, 251 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, pet. denied)

(“[W]here there is neither a reporter’s record nor findings of fact, the appellate court will assume the

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trial court heard sufficient evidence to make all the necessary findings needed to support its

judgment.”).

               In his first issue, Wije argues that his direct provision of materials and his direct

payment to Vera’s employee did not void HSS’s warranty because HSS first breached the contract.

This contention is best construed as a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence of an implied

finding that Wije’s contract with HSS was voided by Wije’s conduct. However, in the absence of

a reporter’s record, we presume that this issue was considered by the trial court and sufficient

evidence supported the judgment denying Wije’s breach of contract claim.3 See Vickery, 5 S.W.3d

at 251. Accordingly, we overrule Wije’s first issue.

               In Wije’s second issue, he asserts that any action of his that voided HSS’s warranty

should be excused because the purpose of the contract was frustrated and completion of the contract

was impossible. In furtherance of this argument, Wije complains that HSS referred an unqualified

contractor and failed to provide twenty-four hour emergency service as advertised. These are simply

claims that HSS failed to do what it promised under the contract. Wije has made no showing that

his purpose in entering the contract, to remodel his bathroom, was somehow frustrated by

intervening events or that performance of the contract had become impossible. See United States

v. Moulder, 141 F.3d 568, 571-72 (5th Cir. 1998) (defining frustration of purpose defense);

       3
           Wije requested a reporter’s record, but apparently was unable to pay for it. A party who
can establish his indigence pursuant to rule 20.1 of the rules of appellate procedure is not required
to pay for the record. See Tex. R. App. P. 20.1. Prior to trial, Wije filed an affidavit asserting his
inability to pay court costs, but when his affidavit was contested he withdrew it and paid the pending
costs. Without a reporter’s record or findings of fact, we are required by precedent to assume there
is sufficient evidence in the record to support the trial court’s judgment. See Vickery v. Commission
for Lawyer Discipline, 5 S.W.3d 241, 251 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, pet. denied).

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Restatement (Second) of Contracts § 261 (1981) (defining impossibility defense). We overrule

Wije’s second issue.

               In his third issue, Wije complains of spoliation of evidence and a conspiracy to

deprive him of counsel. He invites this Court to compare two copies of his contract with Vera that

appear in the clerk’s record. Although the documents are otherwise identical, one copy has the cost

for materials and the sum total for the project written into the section labeled “description of work.”

However, Wije does not explain the circumstances in which this notation was made or why this

difference has any relevance to his case.

               Wije points to the following statement made by HSS’s counsel in response to an

interrogatory as evidence of his allegation of a conspiracy:

       To the extent [HSS] believes that the Plaintiff is asking if we have produced to him
       documents related to Mr. Herlihy, the answer is no. As the Plaintiff has been
       repeatedly informed, there are no such documents. Mr. Herlihy is an attorney who
       Plaintiff consulted with concerning representation on this lawsuit. Mr. Spencer is
       only casually acquainted with Mr. Herlihy. Mr. Wije’s assertions that there was in
       some way some collaboration or conspiracy between Mr. Spencer, Mr. Herlihy and
       any other attorneys is slanderous and absurd.

This outright denial does not support Wije’s claim. We overrule Wije’s third issue.

               In his fourth and final issue, Wije contends that the terms of the Membership

Protection Plan detailed in the contract were unconscionable. However, the determination of

whether a contract is unconscionable involves both questions of law and fact and is committed to

the trial court. See Pony Express Courier Corp. v. Morris, 921 S.W.2d 817, 820 (Tex. App.—San

Antonio 1996, no writ). Even if Wije made his unconscionability argument at the trial court, absent

                                                  5
a reporter’s record, we presume the evidence supported the judgment. See Vickery, 5 S.W.3d at 251.

Moreover, we do not comprehend, nor does Wije explain, how finding the terms of the Membership

Protection Plan unconscionable would affect his right to the relief sought. Accordingly, we overrule

Wije’s fourth and final issue.

                                         CONCLUSION

               Having overruled all of Wije’s issues, we affirm the judgment.

                                              Bea Ann Smith, Justice

Before Justices B. A. Smith, Patterson and Puryear

Affirmed

Filed: June 8, 2006

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