Court Opinion

ID: 3146218
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-22 18:14:19.822561+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:07:39.077430
License: Public Domain

THIRD DIVISION
                                                                         June 14, 2006

No. 1-05-3521

CONTINENTAL CASUALTY COMPANY, an Illinois                )    Appeal from the
Corporation, and AMERICAN CASUALTY COMPANY               )    Circuit Court of
OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA, a Pennsylvania                 )    Cook County
Corporation,                                             )
                   Plaintiffs-Appellants,                )
                                                         )
v.                                                       )
                                                         )    No. 04 CH 19092
RADIO MATERIALS CORPORATION, an Indiana                  )
Corporation, RADIO MATERIALS CORPORATION, a              ))
Nevada Corporation, and KRAFT FOODS GLOBAL,              ))
INC. a/k/a Kraft Foods North America, Inc. and Kraft     ))
Foods, Inc., a Delaware Corporation,                          Honorable
                                                              Patrick E. McGann, Judge
                    Defendants-Appellees.                     Presiding.

      JUSTICE KARNEZIS delivered the opinion of the court:

      Plaintiffs, Continental Casualty Company and American Casualty Company of

Reading, Pennsylvania, appeal from an order of the circuit court granting the motion of

defendants, Radio Materials Corporation - Nevada (RMC-Nevada), Radio Materials

Corporation - Indiana (RMC-Indiana) and Kraft Foods, to dismiss this cause of action
1-05-3521

pursuant to section 2-619(a)(3) of the Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(3)

(West 2004)) (Code) on the basis that the same cause of action between the same

parties is pending in an Indiana court. On appeal, plaintiffs contend that: (1) the circuit

court's determination that the Indiana cause of action involved the same parties as the

Illinois action was erroneous; and (2) the Illinois action should not have been dismissed

because it has a "legitimate and substantial connection" to Illinois. We affirm.

       The Indiana cause of action was filed by numerous entities, including Kraft,

against numerous insurance companies, including Continental Casualty Company and

American Casualty Company of Reading, Pennsylvania. The cause of action concerns

insurance coverage relating to environmental contamination of property located in

Attica, Indiana. Radio Materials Corporation is not listed as a plaintiff; rather, the

complaint states in its introduction that Kraft is acting as attorney-in-fact and agent of

Radio Materials Corporation. Radio Materials Corporation is not identified with any

further specificity (e.g. it is not referred to as RMC-Nevada or RMC-Indiana).

       The Illinois cause of action was filed in the circuit court of Cook County, Illinois.

Plaintiffs' amended complaint for declaratory relief also concerned insurance coverage

for the property located in Attica, Indiana.

       Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Illinois action pursuant to section 2-

619(a)(3) alleging that the Illinois and Indiana actions were the same causes of action

between the same parties. The circuit court granted defendants' motion, without

prejudice. Plaintiffs filed a motion for reconsideration, which the circuit court denied.

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Plaintiffs now appeal.

       On appeal, plaintiffs first contend the circuit court's determination that the Indiana

cause of action involved the same parties as the Illinois action was erroneous.

       Section 2-619 (a)(3) of the Code permits a defendant to seek a dismissal or a

stay when there is another action pending between the same parties for the same

cause. Village of Mapleton v. Cathy's Tap, Inc., 313 Ill. App. 3d 264, 266 (2000). This

does not mean that the parties must be identical in both actions; rather, a substantial

similarity is sufficient. Phillips Electronics, N.V. v. New Hampshire Insurance Co., 295
Ill. App. 3d 895, 904-05 (1998). We also consider the propriety of the circuit court's

order in light of additional factors including: (1) comity; (2) the prevention of multiplicity,

vexation and harassment; (3) the likelihood of obtaining complete relief in a foreign

jurisdiction; and (4) the res judicata effect of a foreign judgment on the local forum.

Village of Mapleton, 313 Ill. App. 3d at 267. "Comity" refers to respecting the laws and

judicial decisions of other jurisdictions out of deference. See May v. SmithKline

Beecham Clinical Laboratiories, Inc., 304 Ill. App. 3d 242, 248 (1999). We review the

circuit court's determination for an abuse of discretion. Village of Mapleton, 313 Ill. App.
3d at 266.

       The circuit court found that the Illinois action was "nearly a mirror image" of the

parties and issues involved in the Indiana action. On the issue of comity, the court

found that it should defer to the Indiana court because there was a substantial likelihood

of divergent outcomes. The court also found that continuing with the cause would be

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duplicative and dismissal was proper to avoid multiplicity, vexation and harassment.

The court further found that plaintiffs could have their cause fully litigated in Indiana and

obtain relief on its legal and factual defenses and that the judgment would have a res

judicata effect in Illinois.

       Here, we find that the circuit court's findings were not an abuse of discretion. All

of the parties in the Illinois action are included within the Indiana action. Although Radio

Materials Corporation is not listed as a defendant in the Indiana action, the complaint

filed in that action makes clear that Kraft is representing Radio Materials Corporation's

interests in the litigation, as its attorney-in-fact and agent. Pursuant to section 2-

619(a)(3) of the Code, the parties need not be identical; rather, they need be

substantially similar. We find that the parties are substantially similar within the

meaning of section 2-619(a)(3).

       Turning to the additional factors, we find they weigh in favor of dismissal. As the

circuit court stated, it is possible that principles of comity would be violated if the Illinois

action proceeded because the Illinois court could reach a result inconsistent with the

Indiana court. Allowing the Illinois action to proceed would also result in multiple

litigation, which should be avoided. Plaintiffs will be able to obtain complete relief

through the Indiana court's adjudication of the issues involved. Further, the issues

litigated before the Indiana court would be res judicata in an Illinois court. Having

considered these additional factors as well as the circuit court's analysis of the factors,

we find that the circuit court did not abuse its discretion in dismissing the Illinois action.

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       We now turn to plaintiff's specific contentions regarding the circuit court's

findings. Plaintiffs contend the court's analysis was "incorrect" and "incomplete"

because neither RMC-Nevada nor RMC-Indiana is a party in the Indiana action and

both parties are necessary parties. Plaintiffs further maintain that because the

relationship between RMC-Nevada and RMC-Indiana is unknown, Kraft is unable to

demonstrate that RMC-Indiana is either the same corporation or a continuation of RMC-

Nevada or that RMC-Indiana has rights under RMC-Nevada's insurance policies.

       We find that plaintiffs' contentions have strayed from the issue at hand. The

questions of whether RMC-Nevada and RMC-Indiana are necessary parties, as well as

their legal relationship with one another, should be brought before and addressed by the

Indiana court. Our analysis addresses whether the parties in both actions are

substantially similar. And, we note that the "same parties" element is satisfied where

the litigants' interests are sufficiently identical even though they may differ in name or

number. Cummings v. Iron Hustler Corp., 118 Ill. App. 3d 327, 333 (1983).

       Lastly, plaintiffs contend that even if the "same parties" factor was satisfied, the

circuit court should have permitted the action to proceed because of Illinois's "legitimate

and substantial" connection to the parties and their dispute. Plaintiffs argue that the

circuit court applied an erroneous standard in its analysis, believing that it had to

dismiss the Illinois cause because it did not find that Illinois had any greater interest in

the litigation than did Indiana. Plaintiffs refer to the portion of the circuit court's opinion

that stated:

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       "And although there is a relationship between Illinois and this dispute, the

       Court finds it very difficult to suggest that there is any more substantial

       relationship than Indiana has with this dispute. Illinois' relationship in that

       context is not more substantial than that of Indiana."

       Plaintiffs primarily rely on our supreme court's opinion in A.E. Staley

Manufacturing Co. v. Swift & Co., 84 Ill. 2d 245 (1980). In Staley, the circuit court had

concluded that it was required to dismiss the plaintiff's cause of action because a similar

cause of action had been previously filed in another state. The circuit court believed it

had no discretion and that dismissal was mandatory. The supreme court held that

dismissal of a cause is not always mandated when there are two pending actions

between the same parties for the same cause. The supreme court found that because

the cause had a legitimate and substantial relation to Illinois, the circuit court erred in

dismissing the cause.

       Plaintiffs ask this court to find that the litigation has a legitimate and substantial

relation to Illinois because the insurance policies were allegedly issued by Illinois based

insurers (Continental Casualty and American Casualty) to an Illinois-based insured

(RMC-Nevada) through an Illinois broker. Additionally, Kraft, one of the plaintiffs, has its

principal place of business in Illinois.

       Defendants, on the other hand, contend that merely because some Illinois courts

have permitted cases with a legitimate and substantial relation to Illinois to proceed

despite a previously filed case does not mean that it is an abuse of discretion for a court

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not to do so.

       Here, we do not believe the circuit court applied an erroneous standard in its

analysis. We disagree with the conclusion that plaintiffs have attributed to the court's

statement. We do not interpret the court's statement as indicating the court's belief that,

unless it found that Illinois had a more substantial interest in the litigation than did

Indiana, it must dismiss the action. The circuit court's order, taken as a whole, makes

clear that it weighed the appropriate factors in reaching its conclusion to dismiss the

Illinois cause. Simply because this cause does have some connection with Illinois does

not mean that it was an abuse of discretion for the circuit court to dismiss it in favor of

the previously filed Indiana cause. We find that the circuit court's determination was not

an abuse of discretion.

       Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the circuit court.

       Affirmed.

       HOFFMAN and ERICKSON, J.J., concur.

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