Court Opinion

ID: 1039245
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-08-28 22:31:49.897214+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:27:28.336902
License: Public Domain

FILED
                                                                                     1- APPEALS
                                                                                      OF
                                                                                          DIVISION 11

                                                                                   2013 AUG 13      P 30

       IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF W                                                   ASNV GG ON

                                          DIVISION II
                                                                                           DEP jY
GARRETT         DELABARRE           and     AMY                    No. 43882 8 II \
                                                                             - -
                                                                                                    1
DELABARRE, husband and wife,

                               Respondents,                 UNPUBLISHED OPINION

        V.

STUART McCOLL, a single person,

                               Appellant,
FETT

LAKESUTHERLANDREALTY.COM,
                        INC.,,

                               Defendant.

        B7oRGEN, J. -
                  Stuart McColl appeals the trial court's entry of a permanent injunction

preventing him from using a deck owned by Garret and Amy Delabarre (the Delabarres),
                                                                                   arguing

that injunctive relief exceeds the remedy sought in the Delabarres' pleadings. We affirm.'
                                              FACTS

        McColl, the owner of lot 21, and the Delabarres, the owners of lot 20, are neighbors.

Both parties purchased property from a common owner, Carol Polhamus, who had built a house

on lot 20 that extended over the property line onto lot 21. When Polhamus conveyed lot 21 to

McColl,the deed reserved an easement for the encroaching portion of the preexisting home.

        In November 2011, McColl prepared to build a fence that would immediately abut the

Delabarres' house.      On December 1, 2011, the Delabarres filed a suit to allow them

unencumbered access to the encroaching portion of their house for external maintenance.

   A commissioner of this.court initially considered this appeal as a motion on the merits under
RAP 18. 4 and then referred it to
      1                             a
                                      panel of judges.
No. 43882-
    11-  8

McColl sought discovery about whether there was fraud in the execution of the deed he received

on lot 21. A superior court commissioner limited McColl's discovery to the relevant issues of

the " idth and scope". the reserved easement, and McColl filed a motion to revise that ruling.
    w               of

       While that motion was pending, McColl started to build the fence and the Delabarres

moved for a temporary restraining order (TRO)on' April 12, 2012. Garret Delabarre submitted a

declaration in support of the TRO that included as an exhibit a photograph of McColl on the
Delabarres' deck. McColl responded by letter to the Delabarres' counsel that he had a right to

use the deck because it was the subject of a In] n- [ xclusive [e]
                                               o e]              asement." Clerk's Papers (CP)

at 127. McColl made the same assertion in a declaration he filed in opposition to the TRO. The

court issued a preliminary injunction preventing McColl from accessing the Delabarres' house

and improvements, presumably without the Delabarres' permission.

       McColl unsuccessfully sought a continuance on May 15, 2012, urging the trial court to

grant his motion to .revise the commissioner's discovery ruling and continue the trial date to

allow him to depose Mark DeRousie, the realtor who sold both properties. The case was tried on

May 29,2012.

       Both parties submitted trial memoranda on the issue of a nonexclusive easement and
whether such   an   easement allowed McColl to   use   the Delabarres' deck. Carol Pacheco, the

personal representative of Polhamus's estate, testified that the easement was never intended to

allow the owner of lot 21 to use the encroaching deck.

       The trial court ruled in favor of the Delabarres. It set a maintenance easement of 3. feet
                                                                                           5

from the encroaching improvements and permanently enjoined McColl from using the

encroaching improvements for any purpose other than maintenance of his lot.

                                                 2
No.43882 8 11
         - -

                                                 ANALYSIS

         McColl argues that the trial court's injunctive relief exceeds the remedy requested in the

Delabarres'    original complaint. The Delabarres concede that they did not initially request an

injunction, but respond that CR 15( )
                                  b allows for issues not raised in the pleadings to be tried by
express or implied consent of the parties.

A.       Standard of Review

         McColl challenges only the trial court's order granting a permanent injunction and not

the easement boundaries the court set. Injunctive relief is an equitable remedy, and we review

the trial court's decision to grant an injunction and the terms of that injunction for abuse of

discretion.    Kucera v. Dep't of Transp.,140 Wn. d 200, 209, 995 P. d 63 (2000);
                                                2                  2            Steury v.

Johnson, 90 Wn. App.401, 405, 957 P. d 772 ( 998).
                                   2       1

B.       CR 15(
            Amendments)
                 b

         The   core   of CR   15( )is
                                b       in its   opening   statement: "   When issues not raised by the

pleadings are tried by express or implied consent of the parties, they will be treated in all respects

as if they had been raised in the pleadings."See. also Karlberg v. Otten, 167 Wn. App. 522, 280

2
    CR 15( )
         b provides:
        When issues not raised by the pleadings are tried by express or implied consent of
         the parties, they shall be treated in all respects as if they had been raised in the
         pleadings. Such amendment of the pleadings as may be necessary to cause them
         to conform to the evidence and to raise these issues may be made upon motion of
         any party at any time, even after judgment; but failure so to amend does not affect
         the result of the trial of these issues. If evidence is objected to at the trial on the
         ground that it is not within the issues made by the pleadings, the court may allow
         the pleadings to be amended and shall do so freely when the presentation of the
         merits of the action will be subserved thereby and the objecting party fails to
          satisfy the court that the admission of such evidence would prejudice him in
         maintaining his action or defense upon the merits. The court may grant a
         continuance to enable the objecting party to meet such evidence.

                                                      3
    No. 43882 8 II
              - -

j   P. d 1123 (2012);
     3              Dewey v. Tacoma Sch. Dist. No. 10, 95 Wn. App. 18, 26, 974 P. d 847
                                                                                2

    1999).However, a parry who does not plead a cause of action "`
                                                                cannot finesse the issue by later

    inserting   the   theory   into trial briefs and   contending it was   in the   case   all   along. "' Karlberg, 167

    Wn.App. at 530 (quoting Dewey, 95 Wn. App. at 26).

           In determining whether the parties impliedly tried an issue, we examine:

           the record as a whole, including whether the issue was mentioned before the trial
           and in opening arguments, the evidence on the issue admitted at trial, and the
           legal and factual support for the.trial court s conclusions regarding the issue.
                                                         '

    Karlberg, 167 Wn. App.at 530 31. Absent a showing of surprise or prejudice, it is not error for
                                 -   "
    a trial court upon perceiving both the issues and parties before it to be other than as pleaded, to

    realign parties and redefine issues" under CR 15( ).
                                                    b Harding v. Will, 81 Wn.2d 132, 137, 500
    P. d 91 (1972).
     2

           Here, the parties addressed an injunction and the underlying legal issue of the purpose of

    a nonexclusive easement when the Delabarres requested the TRO and in trial briefing. Although

    the record of proceedings for the trial is not in the record on appeal, the trial court permitted

    testimony regarding use of the encroaching improvements by the owner of lot 21. These actions

    show that McColl impliedly consented to trial on the issue of whether he should be permitted to
    use the Delabarres' deck.

            McColl additionally argues that the trial court prejudiced him when it denied his request

    for a continuance to permit discovery.related to the injunction as a " ew cause of action."Reply
                                                                         n

    Br. of Appellant at 2; see MacCormack v. Robins Const.,11 Wn. App. 80, 83, 521 P. d 761
                                                                                    2

    1974)CR 15( )
         (    b permits trial on a new issue so long as any objecting party is allowed sufficient

    time to prepare his case).McColl, however, did not request a continuance to allow him time to

                                                              rd
No.43882 8 II
         - -

develop the injunction issue. He requested a continuance to allow factual development of the

fraud issue that the superior court commissioner previously rejected as irrelevant.

           In sum, our review of the record shows that McColl impliedly consented to trial of the

claim for an injunction and was not prejudiced by the de facto amendment of the pleadings to

include the injunction issue. Harding, 81 Wn. d at 137 38. Accordingly, CR 15( )
                                            2          -                     b permitted

the trial court to enter a permanent injunction against McColl despite the fact that the Delabarres'

pleadings did not request an injunction.

           We affirm.

           A majority of the panel having determined that this opinion will not be printed in the

Washington Appellate Reports, but will be filed for public record in accordance with RCW

040,
2.6.it is so ordered.
 0

                                                   B   RG ,   J.
                                                                   v
We   concur:

                 45"
Q INN-
     BRINTNALL,J.
                                    V

J   H, N   ON,A. .
              J.
               C           /