Court Opinion

ID: 2973730
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-22 17:06:31.859751+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:43:47.663687
License: Public Domain

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR FULL-TEXT PUBLICATION
                         File Name: 06a0346n.06
                           Filed: May 16, 2006

                                       No. 05-1693

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                )
                                         )
       Plaintiff-Appellee,               )
                                         )
v.                                       )       ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED
                                         )       STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE
JOSE AYALA-LOPEZ,                        )       WESTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN
                                         )
       Defendant-Appellant.              )
                                         )
                                         )
                                         )

Before:       SILER and ROGERS, Circuit Judges: JORDAN, Senior District Judge.*

              LEON JORDAN, Senior District Judge. This action arises from the sentencing

of Jose Ayala-Lopez (“Ayala-Lopez”) for illegally re-entering the United States after having

previously been convicted of an aggravated felony, in violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a).

Ayala-Lopez appeals the district court’s finding that his prior state felony conviction for

possession of cocaine constituted an “aggravated felony” within the meaning of 8 U.S.C. §

1101(a)(43)(B), which increased the statutory range and enhanced the guideline range of his

       *
         The Honorable R. Leon Jordan, Senior United States District Judge for the Eastern
District of Tennessee, sitting by designation.
U.S.A. v. Ayala-Lopez
No. 05-1693
Page 2

sentence. For the reasons that follow, we VACATE Ayala-Lopez’s sentence and REMAND

the case to the district court.

                                              I.

               After being convicted for possession of a controlled substance in violation of

Texas Code of Health and Safety section 481.116(b), Ayala-Lopez was removed from the

United States . On November 2, 2004, Ayala-Lopez was indicted for re-entering the country

after being deported following conviction of an aggravated felony in violation of 8 U.S.C.

§ 1326(a). Ayala-Lopez pled guilty to the indictment on December 3, 2004, in the District

Court for the Western District of Michigan.

               At the sentencing, the district court determined that Ayala-Lopez’s prior drug-

related conviction qualified as an “aggravated felony” under 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b) and U.S.S.G.

§ 2L1.2(b)(1)(C), thus increasing the statutory range of his sentence by ten years and

enhancing the sentencing guideline range by eight levels. Ayala-Lopez was sentenced to

a term of confinement of twenty-four months.
U.S.A. v. Ayala-Lopez
No. 05-1693
Page 3

                                             II.

              When reviewing a sentencing decision, we review the district court’s factual

findings for clear error and the district court’s interpretation of federal statutes and the

Sentencing Guidelines de novo. See, e.g., United States v. DeJohn, 368 F.3d 533, 544 (6th

Cir. 2004); United States v. Gibson, 409 F.3d 325, 338 (6th Cir. 2005) (stating standard of

review after United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 125 S. Ct. 738, 160 L. Ed. 2d 621

(2005)).

                                             III.

              Ayala-Lopez argues that his sentence is illegal based on this court’s recent

decision in United States v. Palacios-Suarez, 418 F.3d 692 (6th Cir. 2005),decided July 22,

2005, after Ayala-Lopez was sentenced and while this appeal was pending. In Palacios-

Suarez, we considered the issue of first impression “[w]hether a state-felony drug conviction,

which would not be a felony under federal law, could nevertheless constitute an ‘aggravated

felony’ as defined in 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(B).” Palacios-Suarez, 418 F.3d at 694. We held

“that a state felony conviction which does not contain a trafficking component must be

punishable as a felony under federal law in order for it to constitute an ‘aggravated felony’

under the Immigration and Nationality Act.” Id. at 695 (emphasis in original).

              The United States concedes that Palacios-Suarez controls this case in favor of
U.S.A. v. Ayala-Lopez
No. 05-1693
Page 4

Ayala-Lopez because his conviction for simple possession of cocaine under Texas law could

not constitute an “aggravated felony” under 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(B) since the same

conduct would be punishable only as a misdemeanor not as a felony under federal law. Thus,

the statutory range of the sentence imposed by the district court should not have been

increased and the guideline range of the sentence should not have been enhanced.

              Pursuant to our holding in Palacios-Suarez, Ayala-Lopez’s prior state-felony

drug conviction for drug possession should not have been considered as an “aggravated

felony” within the meaning of 8 U.S.C. § 1101(a)(43)(B). Doing so improperly increased

the statutory range of his sentence and improperly enhanced the guideline range of his

sentence.

              For the foregoing reasons, we VACATE the sentence imposed and REMAND

the case to the district court for resentencing.