Court Opinion

ID: 3116226
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-16 07:40:25.84857+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:34:38.547496
License: Public Domain

DISMISS; Opinion Filed February 7, 2013.

                                                  In The
                                       Qtnirt nf Apiab
                          iFiftb 1jtrjrt øf ixa at Oatta
                                          No. 05-12-00677-CV

                               RAVINDER K. JAIN, Appellant

                                                     V.

               CAMBRIDGE PETROLEUM GROUP, INC., Appellee

                          On Appeal from the 429th Judicial District Court
                                       Collin County, Texas
                              Trial Court Cause No. 429-05053-2011

                                             OPINION
                            Before Justices Moseley, Fillmore, and Myers
                                      Opinion by Justice Myers
       Ravinder K. Jam appeals the trial court’s denial of his motion to dismiss under the Texas

Citizens Participation Act,’ chapter 27 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code. See TEx.

Civ. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN.            § 27.001—.0l 1 (West Supp. 2012). Appellant brings this
interlocutory appeal under section 27.008 of the code. See id. § 27.008(b). Appellant brings one

issue on appeal contending the trial court improperly denied appellant’s motion to dismiss. In a

cross-point, Cambridge Petroleum Group, Inc. contends this Court lacks jurisdiction over the

   ‘See Act of May 21. 2012. 82nd Leg., R.S., ch. 341, § 1.2011 Tex. Gen. Laws 960, 960.
appeal because appellant did not timely file his notice of appeal. We agree appellant’s notice of

appeal was untimely, and we dismiss the appeal for want of jurisdiction.

                                             BACKGROUND

        The Citizens Participation Act permits a defendant who has been sued in response to the

defendant’s exercise of the right of free speech, right to petition, or right of association to move

for dismissal of the suit. TEX. Civ. PRAC, & REM. CODE ANN. § 27.003(a). The defendant must

file the motion within sixty days of the date of service of the legal action. Id. § 27.003(b). The

trial court must set the hearing on the motion to dismiss within thirty days after service of the

motion unless the court’s docket conditions require a later setting. The court must rule on the

motion to dismiss within thirty days of the hearing. Id. § 27.005(a). If the court does not rule on

the motion to dismiss within thirty days of the hearing, then the motion is considered denied by

operation of law. A defendant may bring an interlocutory appeal of a motion to dismiss that was

denied by operation of law. Id. § 27.008(a). The notice of appeal must be filed “on or before the

60th day after the date the trial court’s order is signed or” the date the motion is denied by

operation of law. Id. § 27.008(c).

        In this case, appellee sued appellant for defamation, and appellant timely moved for

dismissal of the suit. The trial court held a hearing on the motion on February 2, 2012. The trial

court did not issue a ruling on the motion within thirty days; accordingly, the motion was denied

by operation of law on March 5, 2012.2 Appellant had to file his notice of appeal within sixty

days, that is, by May 4, 2012. Id. Appellant filed his notice of appeal on May 21, 2012. In the

    2
      March 3, 2012 was the thirtieth day after February 2, 2012. However, because March 3 was a Saturday, the
time was extended to the following Monday, March 5. See TEX. R. Civ. P. 4.

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meantime, the trial court signed a written order purporting to deny appellant’s motion to dismiss

onMayl7,2012.

                                                      JURISDICTION

         We begin by addressing appellee’s cross-point asserting we lack jurisdiction over this

appeal. See Minton v. Gunn, 355 S,W,3d 634, 639 (Tex, 2011) (appellate court must determine

whether it has subject matter jurisdiction to consider appeal before reaching merits). Generally,

courts of appeals have subject matter jurisdiction only over appeals from final judgments.

Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191, 195 (Tex. 2001). The courts have subject matter

jurisdiction over interlocutory orders only when that authority is explicitly granted by statute.

See Tex. A & M Univ. Svs. v. Koseoglu, 233 S.W.3d 835, 840 (Tex. 2007). Statutes authorizing

interlocutory appeals are strictly construed because they are a narrow exception to the general

nile that interlocutory orders are not immediately appealable. See CMH Homes v. Perez, 340
S.W.3d 444, 447 (Tex. 2011).

         Appellee contends appellant’s notice of appeal was untimely because it was not filed

within sixty days of the denial by operation of law of appellant’s motion to dismiss.
                                                                             3 Appellant

argues his notice of appeal was timely because it was filed within sixty days of the trial court’s

       Applying the weekend provisions of rule of appellate procedure 4.1, appellant tiled his notice of appeal on the
fifteenth day after the deadline for perfecting the appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 4.1(a). Rule 26 permits an appellate
court to extend the time to file the notice of appeal if the appellant tiles the notice of appeal and a motion for
extension of time within fifteen days of the deadline. TEx. R. APP. P. 26.3. Appellant did not file a motion for
extension of time to file notice of appeal. The courts imply such a motion under rule 26.3 when a notice of appeal is
filed in good faith during the time for tiling a motion for extension. See Verburgt v. Dorner, 959 S.W.2d 615, 617
(Tex. 1997). However, appellant’s notice of appeal was not filed under rule 26; it was filed under Civil Practice &
Remedies Code section 27.008(c). The deadlines and extensions for perfecting an appeal under rule 26 do not apply
when a statute provides the times for perfecting appeal. See TEX. R. APP. P. 28.1(b) (“Unless otherwise provided by
statute, an accelerated appeal is perfected by filing a notice of appeal in compliance with Rule 25.1 within the time
allowed by Rule 26.1(b) or as extended by Rule 26.3.” (Emphasis added.)). Section 27.008(c) requires the appeal
be tiled “on or before the 60th day after .   . the time prescribed” for the trial court to rule on a motion to dismiss.
                                                  .

Permitting an extension of time, express or implied, to file the notice of appeal beyond the sixtieth day would
conflict with the requirements of section 27.008(c). Accordingly, we do not imply an extension.

                                                          -3-
signed order denying the motion to dismiss.                    We agree with appellee.                Section 27.008(c)

requires “the appeal” be filed “on or before the 60th day after the date the trial court’s order is

signed or the time prescribed by Section 27.005 expires, as applicable.”                               The only “time

prescribed by Section 27.005” is the requirement that the trial court rule on the motion to dismiss

within thirty days after the hearing. Thus, the 60th day after                .   .   .   the time prescribed by Section

27.005 expires” is the “applicable” period.                The trial court’s signing the order denying the

motion after it was already denied by operation of law is legally of no effect because the motion

to dismiss was already denied.

         We are to construe chapter 27 “liberally to effectuate its purpose and intent fully.” CIV.

PRAC. § 27.011(b). The chapter’s purpose is

         to encourage and safeguard the constitutional rights of persons to petition, speak
         freely, associate freely, and otherwise participate in government to the maximum
         extent permitted by law and, at the same time, protect the rights of a person to file
         meritorious lawsuits for demonstrable injury.

Id. § 27.002. The structure of the statute indicates a legislative intent for an expedited resolution

of a defendant’s assertion that a frivolous lawsuit has been filed against him in retaliation for the

exercise of his constitutional right of free speech, right to petition, or right of association.
                                                                                    5 The

statute requires the motion to dismiss be filed within sixty days of the defendant being served

with the “legal action,” id. § 27.003(b); the hearing must occur within thirty days of the filing of

      The Fort Worth Court of Appeals has determined that chapter 27 does not provide for an interlocutory appeal
from a timely ruling denying a motion to dismiss. See Jennings v. WailBuilder Presentations. Inc., 378 S.W.3d 519,
524—25 (Tex. App—Fort Worth 2012, pet. tiled). Because we conclude in this opinion that the trial court did not
timely rule on appellant’s motion to dismiss, we express no opinion here on the issue addressed in Jennings.

      See also House Comm. On Judiciary & Civil Jurisprudence, Bill Analysis, Tex. H.B. 2973, 82nd Leg. R.S.
(2011) (“C.S.H.B. 2973 seeks to encourage greater public participation of Texas citizens through safeguarding the
constitutional rights of persons to petition, speak freely, associate freely, and otherwise participate in government by
providing for an expedited motion to dismiss frivolous lawsuits aimed at retaliating against someone who exercises
the person’s right of association, free speech, or right of petition.” (Emphasis added.)).

                                                         -4-
the motion to dismiss unless docket conditions require a later setting, id. § 27.004; the trial court

must rule on the motion to dismiss within thirty days of the hearing or the motion is denied by

operation of law, Id. §* 27.005(a), .008(a); and the court of appeals must expedite the appeal, Id.

§ 27.008(b). Permitting a defendant to appeal more than sixty days after the motion to dismiss

has been denied by operation of law by obtaining a signed order from the trial court denying the

motion to dismiss would defeat the legislature’s public policy objective.

       Appellant failed to timely perfect his appeal within sixty days after the motion to dismiss

was denied by operation of law. Accordingly, we lack jurisdiction over the appeal. We sustain

appellee’s first cross-point, and we do not address appellant’s issue.

       We dismiss the appeal for want of jurisdiction.

                                                      LANA M ERS
                                                      JUSTICE
                                                                            /
1 20677F.P05

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                                Q!ønrt nf   nat
                       .fift1i hitrirt nf Jxas at atta
                                        JUDGMENT

Ravinder K. Jam, Appellant                         On Appeal from the 429th Judicial District
                                                   Court, Collin County, Texas
No. 05-12-00677-CV           V.                    Trial Court Cause No. 429-05053-2011.
                                                   Opinion delivered by Justice Myers.
Cambridge Petroleum Group, Inc., Appellee          Justices Moseley and Fillmore participating.

        In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, this appeal is DISMISSED for want
of jurisdiction.
         It is ORDERED that appellee Cambridge Petroleum Group, Inc. recover its costs of this
appeal from appellant Ravinder K. Jam.

Judgment entered this 7th day of February, 2013.

                                                   LANA MYERS
                                                   JUSTICE
                                                                       /