Court Opinion

ID: 9657147
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-23 20:15:51.122991+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:13:41.455040
License: Public Domain

*186NETTESHEIM, J.
(concurring). While I concur with the majority’s conclusion that Cobb is not entitled to sentence credit for the time spent at “Wisconsin Family” as a condition of probation, I disagree with the majority’s wholesale adoption of the Criminal Jury Instruction Committee’s SM-34A recommendation insofar as it pertains to determining such sentencing credit. This determination, according to the majority and SM-34A, turns upon whether the defendant is “locked in at night.” I do not believe that custody for purposes of sentence credit should hinge on how a non-penal institution, be it public or private, chooses to restrict its residents during the nighttime.
Following its adoption of the “locked in at night” test, SM-34A, in the very next paragraph, states that this determination squares with custody concepts for purposes of the escape statutes. I submit it does not. I question whether a probationer who departs a non-penal institution which locks its residents in at night commits an escape. Even the Jury Instruction Committee, in fashioning standard escape instructions for most scenarios, has not contemplated (at least as yet) an instruction for escape from a non-penal institutional setting.1 Were the majority’s adoption of SM-34A lim*187ited to custodial situations contemplated by the escape statute, I would be in full agreement with the majority opinion. However, SM-34A’s linkage of custody to “locked up at night” considerations renders the Committee’s analysis internally inconsistent. The majority opinion is similarly flawed.

 The standard escape instructions existing to date include:
1. Wis J I — Criminal 1770, Escape From Custody (sec. 946.42(1), Stats.): Custody resulting from legal arrest for a misdemeanor.
2. Wis J I — Criminal 1771, Escape From Custody (sec. 946.42(1) and (lm), Stats.): Custody resulting from legal arrest for a misdemeanor — leaving the state to avoid apprehension.
3. Wis J I — Criminal 1772, Escape From Custody (sec. 946.42(2), Stats.): Custody resulting from legal arrest for a felony, and
4. Wis J I — Criminal 1774, Escape From Custody (sec. 946.42(3), Stats.): Prison escape.