Court Opinion

ID: 4430694
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-08-20 19:45:43.256168+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:49:03.713309
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                      APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
     This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court."
      Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the
        parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                       SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                       APPELLATE DIVISION
                                       DOCKET NO. A-5314-16T3

GAIL OWENS,

        Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

PORT AUTHORITY TRANS-HUDSON
CORPORATION,

     Defendant-Respondent.
_____________________________

              Submitted August 1, 2018 – Decided August 8, 2018

              Before Judges Hoffman and Currier.

              On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
              Law Division, Hudson County, Docket No. L-
              1792-15.

              Myers Lafferty Law Offices, PC, attorneys for
              appellant (Patrick J. Finn, on the brief).

              Port Authority Law Department, attorneys for
              respondent (Lauren T. Grodentzik, of counsel
              and on the brief).

PER CURIAM

        Plaintiff Gail Owens appeals from the July 20, 2017 order

entering judgment in favor of defendant Port Authority Trans-

Hudson Corporation (PATH) following a jury trial.                       Plaintiff
contends the trial judge improperly admitted a video that depicted

the incident in which she was injured, and that defense counsel

made an improper comment during summation.      After a review of

these contentions in light of the record and applicable principles

of law, we affirm.

     While working as a conductor for PATH, plaintiff alleges she

injured her right shoulder when she was opening a door between

train cars.    During discovery, defendant produced a surveillance

video that showed plaintiff standing at the train door, opening

it, and stepping through to the motorman's cab. Plaintiff contends

this footage does not show the actual moment of her injury.      She

says she was injured on her first attempt to open the door, stating

the door was jammed and as she tried to pull it open, she felt a

pop in her shoulder.   The door opened freely when she tried it a

second time.

     Plaintiff presented a motion in limine prior to trial to

exclude the video surveillance as it did not show the entire

incident and it had not been authenticated.1    During the trial,

defense counsel played the video for plaintiff and she agreed the

1
   Plaintiff advises that the motion was denied. Defendants claim
there was no ruling on the exclusion of the video. Instead, the
trial judge held the video would be admitted into evidence if it
was properly authenticated. The rulings were not on the record
and there is no transcript for our review.

                                 2                          A-5314-16T3
footage showed her standing in front of and then opening the cab

door without incident on the specific date and time of her injury.

      Plaintiff's counsel objected to the video being shown to the

jury, arguing that plaintiff could not authenticate the video

herself. Counsel stated authentication had to come from the person

who took the footage off the whole stream and edited it.                   He

reiterated that the footage did not show the entire incident.            The

judge   overruled   the   objection,   stating   that   plaintiff     could

authenticate the video and he permitted the jury to view it.

      After the video was shown to the jury,2 plaintiff testified

it did not show her "fighting with the door."      Plaintiff's counsel

continued to argue the footage was edited and a PATH representative

was needed to authenticate it.         As a result, the judge ordered

defendant to produce a knowledgeable representative the following

day to discuss the video. However, when the PATH witness appeared,

plaintiff's counsel stated: "I don't want to -- I don't need to

cross-examine this . . . witness on the video. . . . I'm fine with

the way the video came in at this point.         So, I don't need any

further witness on it."

      During trial, plaintiff testified that nine months prior to

her work injury, she had been involved in a motor vehicle accident

2
    A juror requested the court replay the video, which was done.

                                   3                                A-5314-16T3
in which she injured her right shoulder and received some medical

treatment.   During closing arguments, defense counsel made the

following comments:

                And so, ladies and gentlemen, you saw a
           video of the incident I'm not going to
           describe -- you saw it for yourself. I'm not
           going to describe to you what happened in --
           in the video and what you saw -- but I just
           ask that you consider three seconds.     Three
           seconds opening a door, now Ms. Owens says she
           cannot work as a PATH conductor.         Three
           seconds opening a door, or a high speed motor
           vehicle accident traveling 55 miles an hour.

There was no objection to the comment.

     The jury returned a verdict in favor of defendant.                A motion

for Judgment Notwithstanding the Verdict was denied and an Order

for Judgment was entered on July 20, 2017.

     On   appeal,   plaintiff     argues     the   trial   judge     abused   his

discretion   in     permitting    the       jury   to   view   the    videotape

surveillance, and defense counsel distorted the evidence in her

closing remarks.     We disagree.

     "When   a    trial   court   admits      or   excludes    evidence,      its

determination is 'entitled to deference absent a showing of an

abuse of discretion, i.e., [that] there has been a clear error of

judgment.'" Griffin v. City of E. Orange, 225 N.J. 400, 413 (2016)

(quoting State v. Brown, 170 N.J. 138, 147 (2001)) (alteration in

original).   "Thus, we will reverse an evidentiary ruling only if

                                        4                                A-5314-16T3
it 'was so wide off the mark that a manifest denial of justice

resulted.'"     Ibid. (quoting Green v. N.J. Mfrs. Ins. Co., 160 N.J.
480, 492 (1999)); see also State v. Marrero, 148 N.J. 469, 484

(2016); State v. Carter, 91 N.J. 86, 106 (1982).

      Although    plaintiff's    counsel    initially    objected     to   the

admission of the videotape, he later withdrew the objection despite

the judge having requested defense counsel produce a witness with

knowledge of the production of the tape.           When that representative

appeared in court, plaintiff's counsel advised that he did not

"need to cross-examine this . . . witness on the video."                     He

continued, stating he was "fine with the way the video came in."

      We are satisfied there was no abuse of discretion in the

admission of the tape as plaintiff has not demonstrated a "manifest

denial of justice."       Plaintiff described the date, and time of the

accident and the number of the car she was attempting to enter.

The video – containing a car number, date and time stamp – was

played for plaintiff only, at which time she corroborated it

depicted her opening the train door at the specific date and time.

She, therefore, authenticated the videotape.                 N.J.R.E. 801(c);

State v. Wilson, 135 N.J. 4, 14 (holding a witness must identify

the   person,     place    or   things     shown    in   a    videotape    for

authentication).

                                     5                                A-5314-16T3
     Plaintiff has failed to present any proofs that the videotape

was edited.      Her counsel did not depose any witnesses during

discovery to establish this argument.           Nor was plaintiff herself

asked any specific questions about the incident footage.              To the

contrary, she identified herself as the person shown in the video.

It was not error to admit the tape.

     We also can perceive no plain error in defense counsel's

fleeting comment during summations.           See R. 2:10-2.     The comments

were based upon the evidence shown in the video and testimony

presented by plaintiff, as counsel questioned the causality of

plaintiff's shoulder injury.         Without an objection, it is presumed

the comment was not prejudicial.           Jackowitz v. Lang, 408 N.J.

Super.   495,   505   (App.   Div.   1994).     The   isolated    comment    is

insufficient to warrant a new trial.           See ibid.

     Affirmed.

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