Court Opinion

ID: 205666
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2011-02-28 21:04:07+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:27:48.947782
License: Public Domain

CLD-106                                                        NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                                 ___________

                                      No. 10-4521
                                      ___________

                               DETLEF F. HARTMANN,
                                               Appellant

                                            v.

   MARTIN O'CONNOR; JOHN VAUGHN; JOHN YOUNG; HOLLAND, Judge;
 BERGER, Judge; RIDGELY, Judge; CARL C. DANBERG; KARL HINES; J. DOE I
                  ____________________________________

                     On Appeal from the United States District Court
                               for the District of Delaware
                              (D.C. Civil No. 10-cv-00725)
                       District Judge: Honorable Sue L. Robinson
                      ____________________________________

         Submitted for Possible Dismissal Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)
         or Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6
                                   February 3, 2011

              Before: RENDELL, FUENTES and SMITH, Circuit Judges

                           (Opinion filed: February 28, 2011)
                                       _________

                                       OPINION
                                       _________

PER CURIAM

       Detlef Hartmann, formerly a prisoner at the James T. Vaughn Correctional Center

in Smyrna, Delaware, appeals from an order of the District Court dismissing as legally

frivolous his pro se civil rights complaint. For the reasons that follow, we will summarily

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affirm.

          In 2001, Hartmann pleaded guilty to various sex offenses and was sentenced to ten

years’ imprisonment, followed by nine years of decreasing levels of supervision. He is

currently on monitored supervision until June 2012. In August 2010, he filed a complaint

pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. He named as defendants three Delaware Supreme Court

justices, two Delaware Superior Court judges, a deputy attorney general, and the

commissioner and the bureau chief of the Delaware Department of Corrections. He made

the following allegations: (1) an error in a family law case that resulted in a “fraudulently

brought criminal case;” (2) the denial of a writ of prohibition; (3) the denial of

“constitutional rights through libraries and the Internet when there was no conviction of

their use” (emphasis in original); (4) failure to train regarding Hartmann’s rights under

the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA); and (5) racketeering.

          The District Court sua sponte dismissed the complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §

1915(e)(2)(B) and found that amendment would be futile. Hartmann appealed. We have

jurisdiction to hear this appeal. 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the District Court’s §

1915(e) dismissal without leave to amend for abuse of discretion. Denton v. Hernandez,

504 U.S. 25, 33 (1992). To the extent that the District Court engaged in the choice,

application, and interpretation of the law, our review is plenary. Deutsch v. United

States, 67 F.3d 1080, 1083 (3d Cir. 1995). Summary action is warranted if an appeal

presents no substantial question. LAR 27.4; I.O.P. 10.6.

          Hartmann’s first and second claims cannot be brought in a § 1983 action. Since he

is on supervised release, he is “in custody” for purposes of habeas corpus. Leyva v.

                                              2
Johnson, 504 F.3d 357, 363 (3d Cir. 2007). Consequently, his remedy, if he has one at

all, lies with 28 U.S.C. § 2254, not with § 1983. See Presier v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 475,

500 (1973) (“[W]hen a state prisoner is challenging the very fact or duration of his

physical confinement [. . .] his sole federal remedy is a writ of habeas corpus.”).1

       Hartmann next claims that he was denied his rights “through libraries and the

Internet.” First, he brings this claim against Delaware judges. Judges have “absolute

immunity from suit [and] will not be liable for [their] judicial acts.” Azubuko v. Royal,

443 F.3d 303, 303 (3d Cir. 2006). It is clear from the complaint that Hartmann is

complaining about actions taken by the judges in their judicial capacities. Thus, the

judges have judicial immunity against these claims.

       Hartmann also brings his claim about libraries and the Internet against Delaware

prison officials. Inmates have a right to meaningful access to the courts. Bounds v.

Smith, 430 U.S. 817, 822 (1977). An inmate making an access-to-the-courts claim is

required to show that the denial of access caused actual injury. Lewis v. Casey, 518 U.S.

343, 352-53 (1996). Actual injury occurs when a prisoner demonstrates that a

“nonfrivolous” and “arguable” claim was lost because of the denial of access to the

courts. Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S. 403, 415 (2002). Here, Hartmann does not

indicate how the defendants impeded his access to the courts, nor does he mention any

nonfrivolous claims that he lost as a result. In fact, Hartmann has been the plaintiff in

two other civil rights cases and one habeas corpus petition, as well as several state-court

1
      We note that Hartmann has already sought habeas relief for his 2001 guilty plea,
and we rejected his claim. See Hartmann v. Carroll, 492 F.3d 478, 484 (3d Cir. 2007).
                                              3
challenges to his conviction. Thus, it appears that Hartmann was able to bring his legal

claims while incarcerated.

       Hartmann’s remaining claims warrant little discussion. He alleges that the

defendants violated the ADA by failing to train state employees with regard to his

disability. He does not explain what the state employees, whom he did not name as

defendants in his complaint, improperly did or did not do, nor does he even state the

nature of his disability. Moreover, a civil rights claim cannot proceed exclusively on a

theory of respondeat superior. Rode v. Dellarciprete, 845 F.2d 1195, 1207 (3d Cir.

1988). He vaguely accuses the defendants of racketeering, but he does not allege any

predicate racketeering acts or an injury to business or property, as required for a civil

RICO claim. 18 U.S.C. § 1962(c).

       We conclude that the District Court did not abuse its discretion when it dismissed

Hartmann’s complaint, and that this appeal presents no substantial question.

Accordingly, we will affirm the decision of the District Court. Hartmann’s motion for

the appointment of counsel is denied.

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