Court Opinion

ID: 8413981
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-11-02 20:44:04.591871+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:48:06.436216
License: Public Domain

MARTIN, Circuit Judge,
concurring in judgment:
I agree that Troy Robinson cannot benefit from Johnson v. United States, 576 U.S. -, 135 S.Ct. 2551 (2015), because his sentence is valid even without the residual clause. I write separately to note that Mr. *1198Robinson is one of dozens of prisoners who has tried to file similar applications based on Johnson. Prior to yesterday’s decision in Welch v. United States, No. 15-6418, — U.S.-, 136 S.Ct. 1257, 194 L.Ed.2d 387, 2016 WL 1551144 (Apr. 18, 2016), all these applicants were turned away from our Court, at least in part, because our Court held that Johnson could not apply in any of these cases. Some of those who filed applications in other courts have already been freed because they were serving an unconstitutional prison sentence.1 As best I can tell, all the prisoners we turned away may only have until June 26, 2016, to refile applications based on Johnson. See Dodd v. United States, 545 U.S. 353, 359, 125 S.Ct. 2478, 2482-83, 162 L.Ed.2d 343 (2005).
. Although I have not taken the time to investigate the merits of these cases, below is a list of every case I know of in which this court denied an application from a prisoner seeking to file a second or successive 28 U.S.C. § 2255 petition based on Johnson. I share this list in the hope that these prisoners, who filed their applications without a lawyer’s. help, may now know to refile their applications. I have separated out the cases that arise under the residual clause in the Armed Career Criminal Act (ACCA) and the cases that arise under the identical language in United States Sentencing Guidelines § 4B1.2 (which includes cases for which the guidelines were mandatory together with those for which the guidelines were advisory).2 I have also listed the district court in which each sentence was imposed, to the extent Federal Public Defender and U.S. Attorney offices are monitoring these cases.

ACCA cases

1. In re McGee, No. 15-13369 (11th Cir. Aug. 6, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
2. In re Rose, No. 15-13247 (11th Cir. Aug. 7, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
3. In re Rowe, No. 15-13355 (11th Cir. Aug. 24, 2015) (M.D.Ga.)
*11994. In re Hammons, No. 15-13606 (11th Cir. Aug. 31, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
5. In re Lampley, No. 15-13562 (11th Cir. Sept. 1, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
6. In re Nix, No. 15-13618 (11th Cir. Sept. 1, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
7. In re Seabrook, No. 15-13625 (11th Cir. Sept. 1, 2015) (S.D.Ga.)
8. In re Smith, No. 15-13647 (11th Cir. Sept. 4, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
9. In re Boykin, No. 15-13646 (11th Cir. Sept. 4, 2015) (N.D.Ala.)
10. In re Johnson, No. 15-13678 (11th Cir. Sept. 4, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
11. In re Casado, No. 15-13682 (11th Cir. Sept. 4, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
12. In re Middleton, No. 15-13683 (11th Cir. Sept. 4, 2015) (N.D.Fla)
13. In re Sharp, No. 15-13795 (11th Cir. Sept. 14, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
14. In re Corey, No. 15-13753 (11th Cir. Sept. 15, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
15. In re Safeeullah, No. 15-13782 (11th Cir. Sept. 21, 2015) (N.D.Ga.)
16. In re Williams, No. 15-13954 (11th Cir. Oct. 2, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
17. In re Carter, No. 15-14106 (11th Cir. Oct. 13, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
18. In re Joe, No. 15-14320 (11th Cir. Oct. 16, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
19. In re Nice, No. 15-14330 (11th Cir. Oct. 20, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
20. In re Mitchell, No. 15-14329 (11th Cir. Oct. 27, 2015) (N.D.Ala.)
21. In re Olds, No. 15-14672 (11th Cir. Nov. 4, 2015) (N.D.Fla.)
22. In re Mitchell, No. 15-14681 (11th Cir. Nov. 12, 2015) (N.D.Fla.)
23. In re Owens, No. 15-14972 (11th Cir. Nov. 23, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
24. In re Gibson, No. 15-15087 (11th Cir. Nov. 30, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
25. In re: Harper, No. 15-15103 (11th Cir. Dec. 2, 2015) (N.D.Ga.)
26. In re Matthews, No. 15-15216 (11th Cir. Dec. 8, 2015) (M.D.Ga.)
27. In re Jackson, No 15-15200 (11th Cir. Dec. 11, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
28. In re Wilks, No. 15-15434 (11th Cir. Dec. 23, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
29. In re Mims, No. 15-15521 (11th Cir. Dec. 29, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
30. In re Jackson, No. 15-15381 (11th Cir. Dec. 31, 2015) (N.D.Ala.)
31. In re Carter, No. 15-15435 (11th Cir. Jan. 5, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
32. In re Gomez, No. 15-15524 (11th Cir. Jan. 5, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
33. In re Shade, No. 15-15528 (11th Cir. Jan. 5, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
34. In re Franks, No. 15-15456 (11th Cir. Jan.6, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
35. In re Starks, No. 15-15493 (11th Cir. Jan.8, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
36. In re Martin, No. 15-15522 (11th Cir. Jan. 11, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
37. In re French, No. 15-15527 (11th Cir. Jan. 12, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
38. In re Garner, No. 15-15752 (11th Cir. Jan. 29, 2016) (S.D.Ala.)
39. In re Witchard, No. 16-10036 (11th Cir. Feb. 2, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
40. In re Cauley, No. 16-10012 (11th Cir. Feb. 3, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
41. In re Lamb, No. 16-10045 (11th Cir. Feb. 3, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
42. In re Roundtree, No. 16-10009 (11th Cir. Feb. 4, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
43. In re Elam, No. 16-10062 (11th Cir. Feb. 8, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
44. In re Brown, No. 16-10108 (11th Cir. Feb. 9, 2016) (N.D.Ala.)
*120045. In re Brown, No. 16-10166 (11th Cir. Feb. 12, 2016) (S.D.Ga.)
46. In re Diaz, No. 16-10212 (11th Cir. Feb. 18, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
47. In re Strickland, No. 16-10372 (11th Cir. Feb. 22, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
48. In re Covington, No. 16-10306 (11th Cir. Feb. 23, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
49. In re Nice, No. 16-10373 (11th Cir. Feb. 25, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
50. In re Smith, No. 16-10508 (11th Cir. Feb. 29, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
51. In re Young, No. 16-10429 (11th Cir. Mar. 1, 2016) (N.D.Fla.)
52. In re Williams, No. 16-10475 (11th Cir. Mar. 1, 2016) (M.D.Ga.)
53. In re Dutton, No. 16-10515 (11th Cir. Mar. 1, 2016) (N.D.Fla.)
54. In re Gomez, No. 16-10516 (11th Cir. Mar. 3, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
55. In re Hardy, No. 16-10747 (11th Cir. Mar. 10, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
56. In re Shade, No. 16-10622 (11th Cir. Mar. 16, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
57. In re Johnson, No. 16-10823 (11th Cir. Mar. 21, 2016) (N.D.Ala.)
58. In re Zaldivar, No. 16-10753 (11th Cir. Mar. 23, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
59. In re Price, No. 16-10853 (11th Cir. Mar. 23, 2016) (N.D.Ga.)
60. In re Dorsey, No. 16-10899 (11th Cir. Mar. 23, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
61. In re Holland, No. 16-10898 (11th Cir. Mar. 25, 2016) (S.D.Ga.)
62. In re Sistrunk, No. 16-10896 (11th Cir. Mar. 28, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
63. In re Leonard, No. 16-10893 (11th Cir. Mar. 30, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
64. In re Truett, No. 16-11012 (11th Cir. Mar. 30, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
65. In re Nix, No. 16-10887 (11th Cir. Mar. 31, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
66. In re Strickland, No. 16-11015 (11th Cir. Mar. 31, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
67. In re Hammons, No. 16-10886 (11th Cir. Apr. 1, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
68. In re Leone, No. 16-11013 (11th Cir. Apr. 5, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
69. In re McGee, No. 16-11132 (11th Cir. Apr. 6, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
70. In re Rogers, No. 16-11011 (11th Cir. Apr. 7, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
71. In re Woodgett, No. 16-11108 (11th Cir. Apr. 7, 2016) (S.D.Ala.)
72. In re Autrey, No. 16-11092 (11th Cir. Apr. 8, 2016) (S.D.Ala.)
73. In re Anthony, No. 16-11109 (11th Cir. Apr. 11, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
74. In re Winbush, No. 16-11167 (11th Cir. Apr. 11, 2016) (N.D.Fla.)
75. In re Pertee, No. 16-11131 (11th Cir. Apr. 12, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
76. In re Jackson, No. 16-11133 (11th Cir! Apr. 12, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
77. In re Phelps, No. 16-11211 (11th Cir. Apr. 12, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
78. In re Jackson, No. 16-11361 (11th Cir. Apr. 13, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
79. In re Coney, No. 16-11250 (11th Cir. Apr. 14, 2016) (S.D.Ga.)
80. In re Kelly, No. 16-11363 (11th Cir. Apr. 14, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
81. In re Cannon, No. 16-11436 (11th Cir. Apr. 14, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)

USSG § 4B1.2 cases

82. In re Garcon, No. 15-13039 (11th Cir. Jul. 24, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
83. In re Lassinger, No. 15-12969 (11th Cir. Aug. 4, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
84. In re H. Bailey, No. 15-13249 (11th Cir. Aug. 6, 2015) (M.D.Fla.)
85. In re S. Bailey, No. 15-13275 (11th Cir. Aug. 6, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
*120186. In re Rivero, No. 15-13089 (11th . Cir. Aug. 12, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
87. In re Green, No. 15-13576 (11th Cir. Sept. 1, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
88. In re Adams, No. 15-13624 (11th Cir. Sept. 1, 2015) (N.D.Fla.)
89. In re Mathis, No. 15-13743 (11th Cir. Sept. 14, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
90. In re Searcy, No. 15-13765 (11th Cir. Sept. 15, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
91. In re Hicks, No. 15-14325 (11th Cir. Oct. 16, 2015) (S.D.Ga.)
92. In re Chapman, No. 15-14456 (11th Cir. Oct. 27, 2015) (N.D.Ga.)
93. In re Williams, No. 15-15231 (11th Cir. Dec. 10, 2015) (S.D.Fla.)
94. In re Callen, No. 16-10149 (11th Cir. Feb. 12, 2016) (S.D.Ala.)
95. In re Curington, No. 16-10417 (11th Cir. Mar. 2, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
96. In re Mitchell, No. 16-10573 (11th Cir. Mar. 2, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
97. In re Bourlier, No. 16-10750 (11th Cir. Mar. 4, 2016) (N.D.Fla.)
98. In re McCoy, No. 16-10741 (11th Cir. Mar. 11, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
99. In re Truett, No. 16-10826 (11th Cir. Mar. 24, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
100. In re Simon, No. 16-11023 (11th Cir. Mar. 25, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
101. In re Mathis, No. 16-10939 (11th Cir. Mar. 31, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
102. In re Higginbottom, No. 16-11261 (11th Cir. Apr. 4, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
103. In re Smith, No. 16-11155 (11th Cir. Apr. 5, 2016) (N.D.Ga.)
104. In re Glover, No. 16-11026 (11th Cir. Apr. 6, 2016) (M.D.Ga.)
105. In re Jenkins, No. 16-11075 (11th Cir. Apr. 6, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
106. In re Smith, No. 16-11256 (11th Cir. Apr. 6, 2016) (S.D.Ga.)
107. In re Torres, No. 16-11114 (11th Cir. Apr. 8, 2016) (M.D.Fla.)
108. In re Baxter, No. 16-11198 (11th Cir. Apr. 12, 2016) (N.D.Ga.)
109. In re Adley, No. 16-11212 (11th Cir. Apr. 12, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)
110. In re McClendon, No. 16-11434 (11th Cir. Apr. 14, 2016) (S.D.Fla.)

. See, e.g., Rivera v. United States, No. 3:13— cv-1742 (D.Conn. Oct. 6, 2015) ("Rivera’s successive motion to vacate, set aside or correct sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 is GRANTED. Rivera's immediate release is ordered, because he has now served more than the statutory maximum for the offense of conviction.” (citation omitted)); United States v. Price, No. 2:15-cv-292 (N.D.Ind. Aug. 25, 2015) (ordering a sentence reduction that "would appear to result in [a successive habe-as petitioner]'s immediate eligibility for release from prison”).

. I include this last category of cases even though our Court has ruled that Johnson doesn't apply to the advisory guidelines. See United States v. Matchett, 802 F.3d 1185 (11th Cir.2015). In my view Matchett was wrongly decided. All ten of the other courts of appeals that have decided this question have ■ either held or assumed that Matchett is incorrect. See United States v. Soto-Rivera, 811 F.3d 53 (1st Cir.2016); United States v. Welch, No. 12-4402 (2d Cir. Feb. 11, 2016); United States v. Townsend, No. 14-3652, 638 Fed.Appx. 172, 2015 WL 9311394 (3d Cir. Dec. 23, 2015); United States v. Frazier, 621 Fed.Appx. 166 (4th Cir.2015); United States v. Estrada, No. 15-40264 (5th Cir. Oct. 27, 2015); United States v. Darden, 605 Fed.Appx. 545 (6th Cir.2015); Ramirez v. United States, 799 F.3d 845 (7th Cir.2015); United States v. Taylor, 803 F.3d 931 (8th Cir.2015); United States v. Benavides, 617 Fed.Appx. 790 (9th Cir.2015); United States v. Madrid, 805 F.3d 1204 (10th Cir.2015). Some courts have also granted applications to file second or successive § 2255 motions challenging advisory § 4B1.2 sentences based on Johnson. See, e.g., Swanson v. United States, No. 15-2776 (7th Cir. Sept. 4, 2015). And where district courts have been able to decide the issue, they have begun to hold that Johnson applies to advisory § 4B1.2 sentences in § 2255 cases. See, e.g., United States v. Dean, No. 3:13-CR-137, - F.Supp.3d-, 2016 WL 1060229 (D.Or. Mar. 15, 2016). I believe our Court should be granting leave to file § 2255 motions in these cases as well.