Court Opinion

ID: 4120970
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-01-30 21:01:04.289241+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:27:18.427536
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                          FILED
                     UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       JAN 30 2017
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

 NIKOLAY OTCHKOV,                                No. 13-17001

                  Plaintiff-Appellant,           D.C. No. 2:12-cv-02042-JAT

   v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
 ALAN EVERETT, et al.,

                  Defendants-Appellees.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                             for the District of Arizona
                    James A. Teilborg, District Judge, Presiding

                            Submitted January 18, 2017**

Before:       TROTT, TASHIMA, and CALLAHAN, Circuit Judges.

        Nikolay Otchkov appeals pro se from the district court’s judgment

dismissing his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action alleging federal and state law claims

against the Arizona Department of Liquor License and other defendants arising

from the denial of a liquor license. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291.

        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
        **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
We review de novo. Hebbe v. Pliler, 627 F.3d 338, 341 (9th Cir. 2010) (failure to

state a claim); Davis v. City of Las Vegas, 478 F.3d 1048, 1053 (9th Cir. 2007)

(qualified immunity); Ellis v. City of San Diego, 176 F.3d 1183, 1188 (9th Cir.

1999) (statute of limitations); Doe v. Lawrence Livermore Nat’l Lab., 131 F.3d
836, 838 (9th Cir. 1997) (Eleventh Amendment immunity). We affirm.

      The district court properly dismissed Otchkov’s claims against defendants

the City of Phoenix and Cortez as barred by Arizona’s two-year statute of

limitations. See Douglas v. Noelle, 567 F.3d 1103, 1109 (9th Cir. 2009) (§ 1983

claims are governed by forum state’s statute of limitations for personal injury

actions, and accrue when the plaintiff knows or should know of the injury that is

the basis of the cause of action); see also Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-542 (statute of

limitations governing personal injury action is two years).

      The district court properly dismissed Otchkov’s claims against defendant

Everett in his official capacity as barred by Eleventh Amendment immunity. See

Krainski v. Nev. ex rel. Bd. of Regents of Nev. Sys. of Higher Educ., 616 F.3d 963,

967 (9th Cir. 2010) (Eleventh Amendment bars suits against the State, its agencies,

and state officials sued in their official capacities, absent unequivocal consent by

the State). The district court also properly dismissed Otchkov’s claims against

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Everett in his individual capacity because Everett was entitled to qualified

immunity. See id. at 968 (“State officials are entitled to qualified immunity

‘insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or

constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known.’” (citation

omitted)); see also Hope v. Pelzer, 536 U.S. 730, 739 (2002) (to be clearly

established, the contours of the right “must be sufficiently clear that a reasonable

official would understand that what he is doing violates that right”).

      The district court properly dismissed Otchkov’s intentional infliction of

emotional distress claim against defendants Everett and Lorona because Otchkov

failed to allege facts sufficient to state a claim. See Johnson v. McDonald, 3 P.3d
1075, 1080 (Ariz. Ct. App. 1999) (setting forth elements of intentional infliction of

emotional distress under Arizona state law); see also Hebbe, 627 F.3d at 341-42

(though pro se pleadings are to be liberally construed, a plaintiff must still present

factual allegations sufficient to state a plausible claim for relief).

      The district court properly dismissed Otchkov’s federal claims against

defendant Lorona because Otchkov failed to allege facts sufficient to establish that

Lorona engaged in state action. See Gibson v. United States, 781 F.2d 1334, 1338

(9th Cir. 1986) (to state a § 1983 claim, a plaintiff must allege that a defendant,

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acting under color of state law, deprived plaintiff of rights secured by the

Constitution or federal statutes); see also Price v. Hawaii, 939 F.2d 702, 708 (9th

Cir. 1991) (requiring more than conclusory allegations to consider a private party a

state actor for the purposes of § 1983).

      The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Otchkov’s motions

to strike because Otchkov failed to meet the requirements under Federal Rule of

Civil Procedure 12(f). See Whittlestone, Inc. v. Handi-Craft Co., 618 F.3d 970,

973 (9th Cir. 2010) (the function of a Rule 12(f) motion is to avoid the expenditure

of time and money that must arise from litigating spurious issues by dispensing

with those issues prior to trial); Nurse v. United States, 226 F.3d 996, 1000 (9th

Cir. 2000) (standard of review).

      The district court did not abuse its discretion in finding good cause to set

aside the entry of default against defendant Everett. See United States v. Signed

Personal Check No. 730 of Yubran S. Mesle, 615 F.3d 1085, 1091 (9th Cir. 2010)

(setting forth the factors to determine good cause; judgment by default is a drastic

step appropriate only in extreme circumstances); Eitel v. McCool, 782 F.2d 1470,

1471 (9th Cir. 1986) (standard of review for entry of default judgment).

      AFFIRMED.

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