Court Opinion

ID: 990602
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-07-03 23:23:44.495835+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:21:41.248407
License: Public Domain

Filed:   October 8, 1996

                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                        FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

                           Nos. 95-5922(L)
                            (CR-95-265-A)

United States of America,

                                                 Plaintiff - Appellee,

           versus

Anthony Mitchell, et al,

                                             Defendants - Appellants.

                              O R D E R

    The Court amends its opinion filed October 3, 1996, as

follows:
    On the cover sheet, section 2 -- the number of the second case

is corected to read "No. 95-5986."

                                       For the Court - By Direction

                                          /s/ Patricia S. Connor

                                                       Clerk
UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,

v.                                                         No. 95-5922

ANTHONY MITCHELL,
Defendant-Appellant.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,

v.                                                         No. 95-5986

MUHAMMED ABDULLAH,
Defendant-Appellant.

Appeals from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria.
James C. Cacheris, Chief District Judge.
(CR-95-265-A)

Submitted: September 20, 1996

Decided: October 3, 1996

Before NIEMEYER, HAMILTON, and MOTZ, Circuit Judges.

_________________________________________________________________

Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

_________________________________________________________________

COUNSEL

David W. O'Brien, MICHAELS, WISHNER & BONNER, P.C.,
Washington, D.C.; Robert L. Jenkins, Jr., LAW OFFICES OF
ROBERT L. JENKINS, JR., Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellants.
Helen F. Fahey, United States Attorney, Steven Semeraro, Special
Assistant United States Attorney, Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellee.

_________________________________________________________________

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See
Local Rule 36(c).

_________________________________________________________________

OPINION

PER CURIAM:

These cases are consolidated direct appeals from criminal convic-
tions. Defendants were each convicted of possession of a shank while
an inmate at Lorton Reformatory in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 13
(1994) (the Assimilated Crimes Act or the Act), assimilating Va.
Code Ann. § 53.1-203(4) (Michie 1994), which prohibits prisoners
from possessing unauthorized items capable of causing death or bod-
ily injury. We affirm.

Both Appellants are inmates at Lorton Reformatory, a District of
Columbia correctional facility located in Fairfax County, Virginia.
Both were found guilty of possessing sharp instruments known as
shanks, which are contraband items at Lorton. The Appellants do not
dispute that they possessed the contraband weapons. Appellants
allege that the district court erred in denying their joint motion to dis-
miss their indictments, denying Mitchell's motion for acquittal, and
failing to correctly instruct the jury on elements of the crime. Appel-
lants claim that the Virginia statute does not apply to them because
the statute makes possession of a shank unlawful only for prisoners
in a "state, local or community correctional facility," and they are
prisoners of a District of Columbia facility. Va. Code Ann. § 53.1-
203(4) (Michie 1994).

The district court correctly held that this provision of the Virginia
Code was properly assimilated. Assimilation of the provision fulfills
the gap-filling function of the Act. No federal statute prohibits Lorton

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prisoners from possessing shanks. If assimilation of this type of provi-
sion were not allowed, then no state law using state-specific language
could be assimilated. See United States v. Minger, 976 F.2d 185, 187
(4th Cir. 1992). The Ninth Circuit rejected a similar challenge and
held that the Act's purpose is to provide similar protections to those
inside a federal enclave that a state's law would give to those within
the state. United States v. Kiliz, 694 F.2d 628, 630 (9th Cir. 1982).

The Appellants also argue that the Virginia statute cannot be assim-
ilated because it is not a state statute of general application because
it applies only to prisoners of a state, local or community correctional
facility. However, adding jurisdictional language to a state statute
does not render it inapplicable. See Minger, 976 F.2d at 189.
Although it is clear that Virginia did not intend to pass a law to apply
to Lorton, the issue is whether the law serves the purposes of the Act.
As discussed above, the Virginia law fulfills the Act's purpose.

Finding no merit in the Appellants' arguments, we affirm their con-
victions. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal
contentions are adequately presented in the materials before the court
and argument would not aid the decisional process.

AFFIRMED

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