Court Opinion

ID: 2726523
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-09-08 21:04:51.878502+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:42:58.858455
License: Public Domain

Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D),
this Memorandum Decision shall not be
                                                                       Aug 22 2013, 6:04 am
regarded as precedent or cited before any
court except for the purpose of
establishing the defense of res judicata,
collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT:                            ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:

TIMOTHY J. BURNS                                   GREGORY F. ZOELLER
Indianapolis, Indiana                              Attorney General of Indiana

                                                   CHANDRA K. HEIN
                                                   Deputy Attorney General
                                                   Indianapolis, Indiana

                               IN THE
                     COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

ISAIAH ADAMS                                   )
                                               )
       Appellant-Defendant,                    )
                                               )
               vs.                             )   No. 49A05-1212-CR-605
                                               )
STATE OF INDIANA,                              )
                                               )
       Appellee-Plaintiff.                     )

                     APPEAL FROM THE MARION SUPERIOR COURT
                         The Honorable Barbara C. Crawford, Judge
                            Cause No. 49G21-1209-CM-62881

                                         August 22, 2013

                MEMORANDUM DECISION – NOT FOR PUBLICATION

MATHIAS, Judge
    	
  
       Isaiah Adams (“Adams”) appeals his conviction for Class A misdemeanor

invasion of privacy, arguing that the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction.

       We affirm.

                             Facts and Procedural History

       On September 10, 2012, Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Officers Robert

Chandler and Pamela Lee performed a traffic stop after observing a vehicle fail to stop at

a stop sign. There were three people inside the vehicle—a female driver and two male

passengers.

       Officer Chandler approached the vehicle and requested identification from the

female driver, who gave him her learner’s permit. The permit identified the driver as

Alyssa Landis (“Landis”). After Officer Chandler performed a records check, he learned

that Landis’s driver’s license was suspended and that an active protective order

prohibited Adams from being in contact with Landis.

       While Officer Chandler identified Landis, Officer Lee requested identification

from the two male passengers. After receiving identification, Officer Lee performed a

records check on the two men, one of whom was Adams. In doing so, Officer Lee also

discovered that an active protective order prohibited Adams from having contact with

Landis.

       Landis reported to Officer Chandler that the protective order was no longer valid.

When Officer Chandler contacted the control operator, however, the operator confirmed

that the protective order was still in effect and that Adams had been properly served with

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the order. Based on that information, the officers arrested both Landis and Adams.

Adams was charged with Class A misdemeanor invasion of privacy.

      On November 1, 2012, Adams was convicted as charged in a bench trial and

sentenced to 365 days with credit for time served of four days and the balance of 357

days suspended, with 180 days suspended to probation. Landis did not appear at trial as a

witness. During the trial, over Adams’s counsel’s objection, the State provided Officer

Chandler with a booking photo of Landis for the purpose of refreshing Officer Chandler’s

recollection as to Landis’s identity. Officer Chandler identified the photo as Alyssa

Landis, the driver of the car he stopped on September 10, 2012.

      Adams now appeals his conviction, arguing that the State failed to present

sufficient evidence that the young woman who was driving the car in which Adams was a

passenger was in fact Alyssa Landis, the protected person.

                                Discussion and Decision

      When we review a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence, we consider only

the evidence that supports the conviction and the reasonable inferences that may be

drawn from that evidence. Atteberry v. State, 911 N.E.2d 601, 609 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009).

We do not reweigh the evidence or judge the credibility of witnesses. Id. The evidence

need not overcome every reasonable theory of innocence. Drane v. State, 867 N.E.2d
144, 147 (Ind. 2007). As long as there is substantial evidence of probative value that

could lead the trier of fact to determine, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the defendant

was guilty of the crime charged, the judgment will not be disturbed. Baumgartner v.

State, 891 N.E.2d 1131, 1137 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008). A conviction may be sustained by

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circumstantial evidence alone if the evidence supports a reasonable inference of guilt.

Maul v. State, 731 N.E.2d 438, 439 (Ind. 2000).

        In order to support Adams’s Class A misdemeanor invasion of privacy conviction,

the State was required to prove that Adams knowingly or intentionally violated a valid

protective order. Ind. Code § 35-46-1-15.1(1). The question is not whether the victim

knowingly ignored the protective order. Instead, the question is whether the defendant

knowingly violated the order. Dixon v. State, 869 N.E.2d 516, 520 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007).

        The protective order prohibiting Adams from having contact with Landis was

issued on August 1, 2011 and was reinstated on December 1, 2011. It was not to expire

until August 9, 2013.      Adams was served with a copy of the reinstated order on

December 2, 2011. Both the original protective order and the motion to reinstate the

protective order were signed by Landis. At the time of the September 10, 2012 traffic

stop, Officers Chandler and Lee identified both Landis and Adams in the same vehicle

and verified with the control operator that the protective order was still in effect and that

Adams had been served with a copy of the order. This evidence is sufficient to allow the

trier of fact to determine beyond a reasonable doubt that a valid protective order was in

place and that Adams knowingly violated the protective order.

        Adams argues that the State failed to provide sufficient evidence that the driver of

the vehicle stopped by Officer Chandler on September 10, 2012 was Alyssa Landis.

More specifically, Adams argues that Officer Chandler did not adequately identify Landis

at trial.

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       Adams’s argument amounts to a request that we reweigh the evidence and

substitute our own judgment for that of the fact finder. We will not do so. See McHenry

v. State, 820 N.E.2d 124, 127 (Ind. 2005). Officer Chandler testified that Landis was

sitting in the driver’s seat of the vehicle and that Landis gave Officer Chandler her

learner’s permit as identification. Officer Chandler used the learner’s permit to access

Landis’s record on his computer.       At trial, both Officer Chandler and Officer Lee

identified Landis as the driver of the vehicle. This evidence was sufficient to support the

trial court’s conclusion that Alyssa Landis was the driver of the car stopped by Officers

Chandler and Lee.

                                           Conclusion

       For all of these reasons, we conclude that the State presented sufficient evidence to

support Adam’s Class A misdemeanor invasion of privacy conviction.

       Affirmed.

NAJAM, J., and BROWN, J., concur.

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