Court Opinion

ID: 3170136
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-01-15 22:00:47.547704+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T07:38:48.347196
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                            FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                          JAN 15 2016

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                         U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

IVAN CHAPARRO-GARCIA,                            No. 12-73510

              Petitioner,                        Agency No. A070-132-868

 v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
LORETTA E. LYNCH, Attorney General,

              Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                            Submitted January 8, 2016**
                             San Francisco, California

Before: WALLACE, NOONAN, and BERZON, Circuit Judges.

      Ivan Chaparro-Garcia, a native and citizen of Mexico, petitions for review of

the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (Board) final order affirming the decision of

the Immigration Judge (IJ) denying his application for deferral of removal under

Article III of the Convention Against Torture (CAT). When the Board affirms the

        *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
        **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
immigration judge’s order without opinion, we review the IJ’s decision as the final

agency action, Tapia v. Gonzalez, 430 F.3d 997, 999 (9th Cir. 2005), and review

the IJ’s determination of purely legal questions de novo. Id. We deny the petition

for review.

      To qualify for relief under the CAT, Chaparro-Garcia must establish that it is

more likely than not that he would be tortured if returned to Mexico. 8 C.F.R. §

208.16(c)(2); Go v. Holder, 640 F.3d 1047, 1053 (9th Cir. 2011). Chaparro-

Garcia’s generalized evidence of violence and crime in Mexico is not particular to

Chaparro-Garcia as an “Americanized Mexican,” or a former co-defendant of

unknown criminals, and is insufficient to meet this standard. Delgado-Ortiz v.

Holder, 600 F.3d 1148, 1152 (9th Cir. 2010). Chaparro-Garcia also failed to

demonstrate that he would more likely than not be tortured by or with the consent

or acquiescence of a public official. 8 C.F.R. § 1208.18(a)(1); Nuru v. Gonzalez,

404 F.3d 1207, 1216 (9th Cir. 2005).

      Substantial evidence supports the agency’s determination that Chaparro-

Garcia failed to show he was eligible for CAT relief. See Zheng v. Ashcroft, 332
F.3d 1186, 1193 (9th Cir. 2003). Chapparo-Garcia, though found credible by the

IJ in his fear of his past co-defendants, does not know their names or whether they

are in Mexico or the United States, and has not been threatened by them in the past.

                                          2                                   12-73510
      The evidence does not compel the conclusion that Chaparro-Garcia would be

tortured upon return to Mexico because he is an “Americanized Mexican” or would

be targeted by his past co-defendants.

      PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.

                                         3                               12-73510