Court Opinion

ID: 2701793
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-04 19:41:14.792217+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:17:45.369033
License: Public Domain

[Cite as State v. Boggan, 2014-Ohio-1428.]

                 Court of Appeals of Ohio
                               EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                  COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA

                              JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
                                      No. 100096

                                      STATE OF OHIO
                                                      PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE

                                                vs.

                                      STEVE BOGGAN
                                                      DEFENDANT-APPELLANT

                                             JUDGMENT:
                                              AFFIRMED

                                   Criminal Appeal from the
                            Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
                                   Case No. CR-12-566632

        BEFORE: Keough, J., Boyle, A.J., and Blackmon, J.

        RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: April 3, 2014
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT

Rick Ferrara
2077 East 4th Street
Second Floor
Cleveland, Ohio 44114

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE

Timothy J. McGinty
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
By: Jennifer A. Driscoll
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney
The Justice Center, 9th Floor
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, J.:

      {¶1} Defendant-appellant, Steve Boggan, appeals his conviction for rape and

gross sexual imposition. Finding no merit to the appeal, we affirm.

                                     I. Background

      {¶2} Boggan was charged in a 14-count indictment with six counts of rape with

sexually violent predator specifications; four counts of gross sexual imposition with

sexually violent predator specification; and four counts of kidnapping with sexual

motivation and sexually violent predator specifications. The indictment stemmed from

Boggan’s sexual abuse of three young children.

      {¶3} At a plea hearing, Boggan pleaded guilty to three counts of gross sexual

imposition, as amended, in violation of R.C. 2907.04(A)(4), felonies of the third degree,

and three counts of rape, as amended, in violation of R.C. 2907.02(A)(2), felonies of the

first degree; the remaining counts were dismissed. The trial court sentenced him to an

aggregate term of 27 years incarceration. Boggan appeals from this judgment.

                                      II. Analysis

      {¶4} In his single assignment of error, Boggan contends that the trial court did

not comply with Crim.R. 11 when accepting his plea because it did not explain to him the

“total possible consequences” of his plea. Specifically, Boggan contends that as a Tier

III sexual predator, upon his release from prison, he must verify his address every 90 days

for life with the sheriff of the county in which he resides. R.C. 2950.06(B)(3) and

2950.07(B)(1).    Boggan contends that his plea was not knowingly, voluntarily, or
intelligently made because the trial court did not advise him that the failure to verify is a

third-degree felony that would subject him to three to five years incarceration.1

        {¶5} Under Crim.R. 11(C)(2), before accepting a guilty plea in a felony matter, a

trial court must personally address the defendant and (1) determine that the defendant is

making the plea voluntarily, with an understanding of the nature of the charges and the

maximum penalty; (2) inform the defendant of and determine that the defendant

understands the effect of the plea, and that the court may proceed with judgment after

accepting the plea; and (3) inform the defendant and determine that the defendant

understands that he is waiving his constitutional rights to a jury trial, to confront the

witnesses against him, to call witnesses in his favor, and to require the state to prove his

guilt beyond a reasonable doubt at a trial where the defendant cannot be forced to testify

against himself.

        {¶6} A trial court must strictly comply with the mandates of Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(c)

regarding the waiver of constitutional rights, meaning the court must actually inform the

defendant of the constitutional rights he is waiving and make sure the defendant

understands them. State v. Veney, 120 Ohio St.3d 176, 2008-Ohio-5200, 897 N.E.2d

621, ¶ 27.      With respect to the other requirements of Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(a) and (b)

          Boggan’s assertion about the degree of felony and possible punishment is incorrect. Under
        1

Megan’s Law, failure to notify of a change of address was a felony of the third degree. Former R.C.
2950.99. Under the Adam Walsh Act, effective January 1, 2008, and under which Boggan was
sentenced, failure to notify of a change of address is a felony of the same degree as the offender’s
most serious underlying sexually oriented offense. Because Boggan pleaded guilty to rape, a felony
of the first degree, any failure to report is a first-degree felony that would subject him to a mandatory
prison term of three to eleven years. R.C. 2950.99(A)(1)(a)(ii) and 2929.14(A)(1).
regarding nonconstitutional rights, reviewing courts consider whether the trial court

substantially complied with the rule. State v. Ballard, 66 Ohio St.2d 473, 476 N.E.2d

115 (1981). “Substantial compliance means that under the totality of the circumstances,

the defendant subjectively understands the implications of his plea and the rights he is

waiving.” State v. Nero, 56 Ohio St.3d 106, 108, 564 N.E.2d 474 (1990). “If it appears

from the record that the defendant appreciated the effect of his plea and his waiver of

rights in spite of the trial court’s error, there is still substantial compliance.” State v.

Caplinger, 105 Ohio App.3d 567, 572, 664 N.E.2d 959 (4th Dist.1995), citing Nero at

108.

       {¶7} Furthermore, “[a] defendant must show prejudice before a plea will be

vacated for a trial court’s error involving Crim.R. 11(C) procedure when

nonconstitutional aspects of the colloquy are at issue.” Veney, 120 Ohio St.3d at ¶ 17.

The test for prejudice is whether the plea would have otherwise been made. Nero at 108.

       {¶8} Boggan contends that he did not understand the nature of the charges and the

maximum penalty involved because the trial court did not advise him that his plea

exposed him to a new felony for failure to verify and the potential penalties for that crime.

  The rights contained in Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(a) regarding the defendant’s understanding of

the charges and the maximum penalty involved are nonconstitutional; thus, substantial

compliance is sufficient.
       {¶9} The record reflects that the trial court extensively advised Boggan of the Tier

III reporting obligations required every 90 days for the rest of his life under the Adam

Walsh Act. The trial court further advised Boggan that if he failed to comply with the

law, he “would be subject to the additional crime of failure to verify [his] address” and

then asked him if he understood. Boggan responded affirmatively.

       {¶10} In State v. McDuffie, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 96721, 2011-Ohio-6436, this

court concluded that an advisement of the term of postrelease control, coupled with an

advisement that the defendant could face additional prison time if he violated postrelease

control, substantially complied with Crim.R. 11(C)(2)(a). Likewise, we find that the trial

court’s advisement to Boggan that he would be required to verify his address every 90

days for the rest of his life and would be subject to the “additional crime of failure to

verify” should he fail to comply substantially complied with the requirements of Crim.R.

11(C)(2)(a).

       {¶11} The record reflects that under the totality of the circumstances, Boggan

subjectively understood the implications of his plea and the rights he was waiving.

Furthermore, he has failed to demonstrate or even allege any prejudicial effect of the trial

court’s alleged error; i.e., that he would not have pled guilty if the trial court had

informed him of the possible prison sentence for failing to verify his address. Simply

put, he has not presented any evidence that the trial court’s advisement regarding the

consequences of failing to verify his address affected his decision to plead guilty in any

way. Without any evidence that the plea would not have otherwise been made, Boggan
has not met his burden of showing prejudice that would necessitate vacating his plea.

See, e.g., State v. Soltis, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 92574, 2009-Ohio-6636, ¶ 22 (plea not

vacated where defendant presented no evidence nor argued that he would not have

entered his plea if he had known of the consequences of violating postrelease control);

State v. Alfarano, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-061030, 2008-Ohio-3476 (no prejudice found

and plea not vacated where defendant made no allegation he would not have pled guilty if

he had known the mandatory term of postrelease control was five years, not three years as

advised by the trial court).

       {¶12} The assignment of error is overruled.

       {¶13} Judgment affirmed.

       It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.

       The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.

       It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common

pleas court to carry this judgment into execution. The defendant’s conviction having

been affirmed, any bail pending appeal is terminated. Case remanded to the trial court

for execution of sentence.

       A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of

the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, JUDGE

MARY J. BOYLE, A.J., and
PATRICIA ANN BLACKMON, J., CONCUR