Court Opinion

ID: 1056942
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-08 21:19:29.173285+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:04:22.414720
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                          AT KNOXVILLE
                              Assigned on Briefs July 27, 2004

                 RICHARD HICKEY v. DAVID MILLS, WARDEN

                     Appeal from the Criminal Court for Morgan County
                             No. 8937   E. Eugene Eblen, Judge

                   No. E2003-01520-CCA-R3-HC - Filed September 7, 2004

The petitioner, Richard Hickey, appeals the Morgan County Criminal Court’s dismissal of his
petition for habeas corpus relief. We affirm.

              Tenn. R. App. P. 3; Judgment of the Criminal Court is Affirmed.

JAMES CURWOOD WITT , JR., J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which DAVID H. WELLES and
JERRY L. SMITH , JJ., joined.

Joe H. Walker, District Public Defender; and Walter B. Johnson, II, Assistant Public Defender, for
the Appellant, Richard Hickey.

Paul G. Summers, Attorney General & Reporter; Brent C. Cherry, Assistant Attorney General; Scott
McCluen, District Attorney General; and Roger Delp, Assistant District Attorney General, for the
Appellee, State of Tennessee.

                                            OPINION

               Through his petition for habeas corpus relief, the petitioner attacked his counseled,
guilty-pleaded Knox County Criminal Court conviction of possession of cocaine with intent to sell,
for which he received an eight-year sentence on April 9, 1997. The judgment of conviction entered
on that date imposed a Range I, Class B conviction of violating Tennessee Code Annotated section
39-17-417, possession of cocaine with intent to sell, and reflects that the petitioner was sentenced
in 1997 in absentia following his failure to appear at his scheduled 1993 sentencing hearing at which
probation was apparently to be considered. The petitioner acknowledged that he absconded from
the reach of the court prior to his 1993 sentencing hearing and remained away until 1999.
Apparently, the petitioner was apprehended and was incarcerated in Knox County in October 2000.
On October 12, 2000, the Knox County Criminal Court amended the 1997 judgment and awarded
twelve days’ jail credit. In his petition, the petitioner claimed that, although he agreed to plead
guilty and accept a two-year, probated sentence in 1993 when he had the assistance of counsel, the
conviction and eight-year sentence were actually imposed on October 12, 2000, when he was not
represented by counsel.

                 The habeas corpus court appointed counsel and conducted a hearing. The petitioner
testified that he was in jail in Kentucky on April 9, 1997, when the sentence was imposed, and that
he was not present in the trial court on October 12, 2000, when the court entered the amended
judgment. He testified that he was told in 1993 that he had received two years’ probation on the
pending cocaine charge. See Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-17-417(a), (b) (2003) (possession of more than
.5 grams of cocaine with intent to sell is Class B felony), 40-35-111(b)(2) (2003) (minimum sentence
for Class B offenses established at eight years). When asked during cross-examination if he, in fact,
received a two-year sentence for possession of cocaine with intent to sell, he responded, “I thought
I did.” When asked whether he received probation on April 9, 1993, he again responded, “I thought
I did.” Although certified copies of the Knox County Criminal Court “records” were offered into
evidence in the habeas corpus hearing, they do not appear in the appellate record.

               The habeas corpus court discerned no basis for relief and dismissed the petition. The
petitioner now appeals and relies upon the in absentia entry of the conviction as the basis for habeas
corpus relief. Nonetheless, we affirm the denial of habeas corpus relief.

                Habeas corpus relief is available only when the aggrieved party’s conviction is void
or the sentence has expired. See Archer v. State, 851 S.W.2d 157, 164 (Tenn. 1993). The petitioner
in the present case makes no allegation that his sentence has expired; he only claims that his
conviction judgment is void. A void conviction is one which strikes at the jurisdictional integrity
of the trial court. Id.; see State ex rel. Anglin v. Mitchell, 575 S.W.2d 284, 287 (Tenn. 1979)
(“‘Jurisdiction’ in the sense here used, is not limited to jurisdiction of the person or of the subject
matter but also includes lawful authority of the court to render the particular order or judgment
whereby the petitioner has been imprisoned.”). To warrant habeas corpus relief, the basis for
declaring a judgment void must be “evident on the face of the judgment or the record of the
underlying proceedings.” McLaney v. Bell, 59 S.W.3d 90, 94 (Tenn. 2001).

                 In the present case, the record before us shows that the petitioner was sentenced in
1997 to a term of eight years in the Department of Correction for the Class B offense of possession
of cocaine with intent to sell. Although the petitioner was sentenced in absentia, he admitted in his
petition that, following his agreement to a guilty plea in 1993, he absconded and remained away from
the reach of the trial court until 1999. Moreover, we recognize that, in 1997 when probation was
denied and the judgment was entered, the petitioner’s voluntary absence from the proceedings could
equate to a waiver of his right to be present for the sentencing proceedings. See, e.g., William T. Kirk
v. State, No. M2002-01460-CCA-R3-CO (Tenn. Crim. App., Nashville, Jan. 31, 2003) (prior to
decision in State v. Far, 51 S.W.3d 222, 228 (Tenn. Crim. App. 2001), waiver of right to be present
for trial proceedings not dependent upon written waiver or oral waiver in open court), perm. app.
denied (Tenn. 2003). The entry of an “in absentia” judgment in this case does not ipso facto signify
a void judgment.

                                                  -2-
              In passing we note that the petitioner was represented by counsel when the plea
agreement was struck in 1993 and, apparently, still had counsel of record when the judgment was
entered in 1997. The record fails to establish that the petitioner’s Knox County conviction was
effected when he had no counsel.

                For the foregoing reasons, we hold that the record supports the denial of habeas
corpus relief, and we affirm the judgment below.

                                                    ___________________________________
                                                    JAMES CURWOOD WITT, JR., JUDGE

                                              -3-