Court Opinion

ID: 4349403
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-12-11 21:00:46.178424+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:21:48.542626
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                            DEC 11 2018
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                       MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

JESSE ELIZONDO; RANDEE                           No.   17-35541
ELIZONDO,
                                                 D.C. No. 6:15-cv-01853-AA
              Plaintiffs-Appellants,

 v.                                              MEMORANDUM*

CITY OF JUNCTION CITY; MIKE
CAHILL, Mayor of Junction City;
RANDY NELSON, City Council
President; BILL DEMARCO, City Council
Member; HERB CHRISTENSEN, City
Council Member; JIM LEACH, City
Council Member; KAREN LEACH, City
Council Member; STEVEN
HITCHCOCK, City Council Member,

              Defendants-Appellees.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                             for the District of Oregon
                      Ann L. Aiken, District Judge, Presiding

                          Submitted December 6, 2018**
                              Seattle, Washington

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Before: W. FLETCHER and BYBEE, Circuit Judges, and BURNS,*** District
Judge.

      Plaintiff-Appellants Jesse and Randee Elizondo (“the Elizondos”) appeal the

district court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of the City of Junction City

(“the City”) on their substantive due process and equal protection claims. We have

jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

      On appeal, we review an order granting summary judgment de novo.

Metcalf v. Daley, 214 F.3d 1135, 1141 (9th Cir. 2000). Summary judgment should

be granted if “there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is

entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a).

      The Elizondos argue that the City’s decision to remove the tree on the corner

of 6th Avenue and Kalmia Street violates their substantive due process rights. The

acts of a city “that do not impinge on fundamental rights or employ suspect

classifications are presumed valid, and this presumption is overcome only by”

showing that the city’s act was “clearly arbitrary and unreasonable, having no

substantial relation to the public health, safety, morals or general welfare.”

Kawaoka v. City of Arroyo Grande, 17 F.3d 1227, 1234 (9th Cir. 1994) (citation

      ***
            The Honorable Larry A. Burns, United States District Judge for the
Southern District of California, sitting by designation.
                                           2
omitted). Here, the City decided to remove the tree because it was damaging the

curb and sidewalk, it prevented the city from installing ADA-compliant sidewalk

ramps, and it violated the visual clearance requirements of the City’s Municipal

Code. See Junction City Mun. Code § 17.95.090. The City’s rejection of the

“bulb-out” approach recommended by the Elizondos also had a rational basis. See

Clark v. City of Los Angeles, 650 F.2d 1033, 1039 (9th Cir. 1981) (listing

“aesthetics” as a “rational bas[is]” for a city ordinance). Thus, there exists no

genuine dispute of material fact that the city acted with “no substantial relation to

the public health, safety, morals or general welfare,” and the district court correctly

granted summary judgment on the Elizondos’ substantive due process claim. See

Kawaoka, 17 F.3d at 1234.

      The Elizondos also assert that the City’s decision violates their right to equal

protection under the Fourteenth Amendment. See U.S. Const. amend XIV, § 1.

Where “state action does not implicate a fundamental right or suspect

classification,” the Elizondos can only establish a “class of one” equal protection

claim by showing that they have been “intentionally treated differently from others

similarly situated and that there is no rational basis for the difference in treatment”

or that the City’s enforcement decision was based on “an impermissible motive.”

Squaw Valley Dev. Co. v. Goldberg, 375 F.3d 936, 944 (9th Cir. 2004), overruled

                                           3
on other grounds by Lingle v. Chevron U.S.A. Inc., 544 U.S. 528 (2005). Here, the

evidence does not show that the Elizondos were treated differently than “others

similarly situated.” The situations of the other property owners cited by the

Elizondos are not sufficiently similar because the trees in those instances were not

located on city corners. In addition, the Elizondos have presented no evidence that

the city acted with an impermissible motive. The district court, therefore, correctly

granted summary judgment on the Elizondos’ equal protection claim.

      Accordingly, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

                                          4