Court Opinion

ID: 3282613
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-07-05 16:56:42.134301+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:49:23.193449
License: Public Domain

In this action the defendant is sued upon a bond signed by her as surety for Edward Booth and John W. Neighbours, to secure the performance of certain obligations of a lease made to said principals by the plaintiffs' predecessor in interest. The same instruments were construed by this court as to some of their terms in Henne v. Summers, 16 Cal.App. 67, [116 P. 86], but the testimony considered in that decision is not before the court on the record in this case. The bond was conditioned upon terms that were "to secure the full performance of all the obligations contained in said lease above referred to, and also the last two months' rent" specified in the lease. The judgment herein is for the sum of nine hundred dollars. The findings show that six hundred and fifty dollars of this amount was to satisfy a balance due on the last month's rent and that the remaining two hundred and fifty dollars was allowed on account of attorney's fees. incurred in connection with defaults which took place and which required the rendition of various services to protect the rights of plaintiffs with respect to said lease. Defendant appeals from the judgment.
The lessees incorporated their business and the corporation occupied the leased premises and paid rent without having obtained an assignment of the lease. The corporation's stock of merchandise in the leased storeroom was attached and bankruptcy proceedings followed. Within five months after the attachment the premises were successively occupied by the sheriff, by a trustee in bankruptcy, and by the purchaser at trustee's sale of the stock. Each of these paid rent on account of the lease. Then, after notice to the original lessees and to the defendant and certain other persons, the plaintiff, Mrs. Henne (at that time acting as executrix of the will of the original lessor) relet the premises and kept them leased from time to time, but was unable to obtain the full rental value provided in the Booth and Neighbours lease. The plaintiffs and their predecessors as lessors did not enter into any contract changing the Booth and Neighbours lease or for subleases prior to the notice given under the circumstances above noted.
1. Defendant claims that she is released from liability because the lessor had allowed an assignment or sub-letting of the premises without defendant's consent, and because the *Page 765 
leased premises were surrendered to the landlord before service of the above mentioned notice. This contention is not well founded. The contract of lease being in writing could only be altered by a contract in writing or an executed oral agreement. Nothing of the kind is shown here; nor is it shown that the lessor released the first lessees from any of the covenants contained in the lease. The mere accepting rent from one in possession under the lease would not have that effect. (Brosnan v. Kramer, 135 Cal. 36, [66 P. 979].)
2. The expenses incurred for service of attorneys were caused by the nonpayment of rents and by the various changes in occupancy which took place without the consent or fault of the lessor. They were expenses incidental to default by the lessees not only in payment of rent, but in occupancy and care of the leased premises. It was not necessary to prove that these expenses have been actually paid. (Donnelly v. Hufschmidt,79 Cal. 74, [21 P. 546].)
3. The defendant has suffered no harm by the failure of the court to rule upon her motion to strike out certain testimony with reference to services performed in regard to this lease up to and including the lease which was made after notice to defendant. The evidence shows without conflict that services of the same kind rendered later than that time were worth two hundred and fifty dollars, and the damages allowed on that item of the claim of plaintiffs were only two hundred and fifty dollars.
The judgment is affirmed.
James, J., and Shaw, J., concurred. *Page 766