Court Opinion

ID: 4429090
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-08-20 19:17:55.584666+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:50:51.364584
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                         SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                         APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                         DOCKET NO. A-0822-16T4
RICHARD DANZIS and
MICHELE KELLY DANZIS,

          Plaintiffs-Appellants,

v.

HIGHLAND LAKES COUNTRY
CLUB AND COMMUNITY
ASSOCIATION,

     Defendant-Respondent.
_______________________________

                    Argued March 4, 2019 – Decided March 18, 2019

                    Before Judges Haas and Mitterhoff.

                    On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
                    Chancery Division, Sussex County, Docket No. C-
                    000014-12.

                    Andrew R. Turner argued the cause for appellants
                    (Turner Law Firm, LLC, attorneys; Andrew R. Turner,
                    of counsel and on the brief).

                    Eileen McCarthy Born argued the cause for respondent
                    (Dolan and Dolan, PA, attorneys; Eileen McCarthy
                    Born, on the brief).
PER CURIAM

      Plaintiffs Richard and Michele Danzis appeal from the Chancery

Division's September 16, 2016, and September 19, 2017 orders granting

defendant Highland Lakes Country Club and Community Association's motions

to enforce prior court orders. We affirm.

      The essential background of this case is set forth in our previous opinion.

Danzis v. Highland Lakes Country Club & Cmty. Ass'n, Docket No. A-2732-13

(App. Div. July 18, 2016) (slip op. at 1-9). That matter involved plaintiffs'

challenge to a December 6, 2013 order requiring them to remove retaining wall

anchors and a stairway structure that was encroaching on defendant's property.

Id. at 1. Plaintiffs also sought review of a December 15, 2014 order granting

defendant's motion to enforce the first order, along with its request for attorney's

fees and costs in connection with the motion as permitted by Rule 1:10-3. Id. at

1-2. For the reasons set forth in our opinion, we affirmed both orders. Id. at 12-

15.

      After we issued our opinion, defendant filed a second enforcement motion

because plaintiffs had still not removed the encroachments or paid the attorney's

fees and costs. Prior to oral argument, plaintiffs paid the outstanding fees and

costs and removed the stairway, but the retaining wall anchors remained in

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place. On September 16, 2016, the trial court granted defendant's motion. It

ordered plaintiffs to take away the encroachments no later than November 11,

2016, and to pay defendant $2908.40 in additional counsel fees and costs

associated with its filing of the enforcement motion within thirty days.

      When plaintiffs again failed to remove the wall anchors or pay the

outstanding fees and costs by these deadlines, defendant filed a third

enforcement motion. After oral argument, the court granted the motion. In a

December 19, 2016 order, the court directed plaintiffs to remove the

encroachments no later than May 31, 2017 and, if they again refused to do so,

to pay a $100 per day penalty beginning June 1, 2017 until they complied. The

court also granted defendant's motion for fees and costs; ordered defendant to

submit a certification of services in support of its request; and gave plaintiffs

the opportunity to respond. For reasons that are not clear from the record, the

court did not issue its order determining the amount due, and directing plaintiffs

to pay defendant $2162.05 in fees and costs, until September 19, 2017.

      On appeal, plaintiffs argue that "the Chancery Division erred by granting

punitive, not coercive, orders to enforce litigant's rights after plaintiffs complied

with earlier directives as affirmed by this court." We disagree.

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                                         3
      Defendant brought its two enforcement motions under Rule 1:10-3 which,

in pertinent part, provides:

            Notwithstanding that an act or omission may also
            constitute a contempt of court, a litigant in any action
            may seek relief by application in the action. A judge
            shall not be disqualified because he or she signed the
            order sought to be enforced. . . . The court in its
            discretion may make an allowance for counsel fees to
            be paid by any party to the action accorded relief under
            this rule.

      "[A] proceeding to enforce litigants' rights under Rule 1:10-3 'is

essentially a civil proceeding to coerce the defendant into compliance with the

court's order for the benefit of the private litigant[.]'" Pasqua v. Council, 186

N.J. 127, 140 (2006) (quoting Essex Cty. Welfare Bd. v. Perkins, 133 N.J. Super.

189, 195 (App. Div. 1975)). Thus, an application for relief under Rule 1:10-3

is distinguishable from "[a] criminal contempt proceeding under Rule 1:10-2[,]"

which "is 'essentially criminal' in nature and is instituted for the purpose of

punishing a defendant who fails to comply with a court order." Ibid. (quoting

Essex Cty. Welfare Bd., 133 N.J. Super. at 195). Accordingly, "[r]elief under

[Rule] 1:10-3, whether it be the imposition of incarceration or a sanction, is not

for the purpose of punishment, but as a coercive measure to facilitate the

enforcement of the court order." Ridley v. Dennison, 298 N.J. Super. 373, 381

(App. Div. 1997).

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                                        4
      We review a trial court's imposition of sanctions against a litigant pursuant

to Rule 1:10-3 under the abuse of discretion standard. Barr v. Barr, 418 N.J.

Super. 18, 46 (App. Div. 2011). "An abuse of discretion 'arises when a decision

is made without a rational explanation, inexplicably departed from established

policies, or rested on an impermissible basis.'" Ibid. (quoting Flagg v. Essex

Cty. Prosecutor, 171 N.J. 561, 571 (2002)).

      The decision to award attorney's fees and costs associated with an

enforcement motion also "rests within the sound discretion of the trial court."

Wear v. Selective Ins. Co., 455 N.J. Super. 440, 459 (App. Div. 2018) (internal

quotation marks omitted) (quoting Maudsley v. State, 357 N.J. Super. 560, 590

(App. Div. 2003)). "[F]ee determinations by trial courts will be disturbed only

on the rarest of occasions, and then only because of a clear abuse of discretion."

Rendine v. Pantzer, 141 N.J. 292, 317 (1995).

      Applying these principles, we discern no basis for second-guessing the

court's September 16, 2016, and September 19, 2017 orders granting defendant's

applications for attorney's fees and costs. The record fully supports the court's

determinations that plaintiffs acted unreasonably in failing to comply with the

court's orders to remove the encroachments. Rule 1:10-3 specifically allows a

party to request reimbursement for the fees and costs it incurs in filing a motion

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to enforce compliance with a court order.        Therefore, the court properly

considered, and granted, defendant's requests after plaintiffs refused to remove

the encroachments.

      We also reject plaintiffs' contentions that the orders were "punitive," and

that the trial court "punished" them for filing an appeal. As the court noted, the

December 6, 2013, and December 15, 2014 orders were not stayed pending

plaintiffs' appeal. While plaintiffs were "within [their] right[s] to seek review

of the orders with which [they] disagreed, in the absence of a stay or reversal,

[they were] not free to ignore those orders." Wear, 455 N.J. Super. at 459. At

the time the court issued the enforcement orders, plaintiffs were not in

compliance with the court's order to remove the encroachments and, therefore,

an award of reasonable fees and costs, as occurred here, was plainly

appropriate1.

      Affirmed.

1
   The parties advised us at oral argument that plaintiffs have moved before the
trial court for a warrant of satisfaction, and that this motion has been opposed
by defendant. We trust that the Chancery Division will promptly address and
resolve this pending motion.

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