Court Opinion

ID: 3006331
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-01 00:00:53.041173+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:33:00.378101
License: Public Domain

Case: 15-40078      Document: 00513213500         Page: 1    Date Filed: 09/30/2015

           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT    United States Court of Appeals
                                                      Fifth Circuit

                                                                                  FILED
                                                                           September 30, 2015
                                    No. 15-40078
                                  Summary Calendar                             Lyle W. Cayce
                                                                                    Clerk

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                                                 Plaintiff-Appellee

v.

JOSE LUIS ZAVALA-RODRIGUEZ, also known as Jose Juan Zavala-
Rodriguez, also known as Jose Juan Rodriguez-Sosa,

                                                 Defendant-Appellant

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Southern District of Texas
                            USDC No. 5:13-CR-1227-1

Before JOLLY, BENAVIDES, and HIGGINSON, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM: *
       Jose Luis Zavala-Rodriguez appeals the sentence imposed following his
jury trial conviction for one count of assault on a federal officer and inflicting
bodily injury, one count of assault on a federal officer causing physical contact,
one count of conspiracy to transport an illegal alien within the United States
and causing bodily injury, and one count of transportation of an illegal alien

       * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH
CIR. R. 47.5.4.
    Case: 15-40078     Document: 00513213500     Page: 2   Date Filed: 09/30/2015

                                  No. 15-40078

within the United States and causing bodily injury. He argues that the district
court erred in applying an adjustment under U.S.S.G. § 2A2.2(b)(3) based upon
a finding that a victim, United States Border Patrol Agent Joshua Cain Davila,
sustained bodily injury. Zavala-Rodriguez also contends that the district court
erred in applying an adjustment under U.S.S.G. § 2L1.1(b)(7)(B) in light of its
determination that a codefendant, Johnny Jose Redrovan-Pesantez, sustained
serious bodily injury. The district court’s interpretation and application of the
Sentencing Guidelines are reviewed de novo and its factual findings, including
the degree of injury sustained, for clear error. United States v. Williams, 610
F.3d 271, 292 (5th Cir. 2010).
      In light of the record as a whole, the district court plausibly could have
found that Davila suffered bodily injury. See United States v. Griffith, 522 F.3d
607, 611-12 (5th Cir. 2008). The trial evidence, which the jury found to support
a finding of bodily injury, and the unrefuted facts in the PSR reflect that Davila
suffered a painful or obvious injury for which he sought medical treatment See
§§ 2A2.2(b)(3)(A), 1B1.1, comment. (n.1(B)). The evidence established that, as
a result of a struggle that involved Zavala-Rodriguez, Davila suffered a cervical
sprain, a head contusion, and a swollen hand and that he went to the hospital
to have the injuries treated. The doctors directed Davila, who experienced pain
for several days, to take pain medication and to limit his physical activities.
Thus, the district court did not clearly err in finding that Davila sustained
bodily injury that merited an adjustment under § 2A2.2(b)(3)(A).
      Likewise, the district court did not clearly err in finding that Redrovan-
Pesantez sustained serious bodily injury that warranted an adjustment under
§ 2A1.1(b)(7)(B). The record establishes that Redrovan-Pesantez suffered an
injury that caused him to experience extreme physical pain and necessitated
medical intervention. Specifically, he sustained a gunshot wound to the lower

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    Case: 15-40078    Document: 00513213500     Page: 3   Date Filed: 09/30/2015

                                 No. 15-40078

leg that affected his mobility immediately after the shooting and which bled
significantly; the damage to the leg included an entrance and exit wound, and
he complained during treatment about the severity of the pain caused by the
injury. Moreover, Redrovan-Pesantez had to be transported to a hospital for
treatment; required crutches, antibiotics, and pain medication for his injuries;
and had to return to the hospital for a follow-up visit, where he was advised to
continue taking the medication. Therefore, the district court plausibly could
have found that Redrovan-Pesantez sustained serious bodily injury under the
Guidelines. See Griffith, 522 F.3d at 611-12 §§ 2L1.1(b)(7)(B), 1B1.1, comment.
(n.1(B)); United States v. Moore, 997 F.2d 30, 37 (5th Cir. 1993).
      Accordingly, the judgment is AFFIRMED.

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