Court Opinion

ID: 9906288
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-12-01 17:00:21.728851+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:24:14.824230
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
                        MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

     ELLAMAY ARTIS,                                   DOCKET NUMBER
                  Appellant,                          AT-0752-21-0374-I-1

                  v.

     DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS                           DATE: November 30, 2023
       AFFAIRS,
                 Agency.

             THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

           Nathaniel David Johnson , Esquire, Waldorf, Maryland, for the appellant.

           Kristin Langwell , Esquire, Hines, Illinois, for the agency.

                                           BEFORE

                               Cathy A. Harris, Vice Chairman
                                Raymond A. Limon, Member

                                        FINAL ORDER

¶1         The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which
     dismissed her involuntary resignation appeal for lack of jurisdiction. 2 On petition

     1
        A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add
     significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,
     but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not
     required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a
     precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board
     as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).
     2
       The appellant’s petition for review was untimely filed by 3 days. Initial Appeal File,
     Tab 7, Initial Decision at 6; Petition for Review File, Tab 1. However, in light of our
     findings regarding the Board’s lack of jurisdiction over this appeal, we need not reach
     the question of whether the appellant had good cause for the untimely filing. See
     Rosell v. Department of Defense, 100 M.S.P.R. 594, ¶ 5 (2005) (stating that the
                                                                                           2

     for review, the appellant claims that the administrative judge did not consider the
     full record and continues to argue the merits of her appeal. Petition for Review
     (PFR) File, Tab 1 at 13-18. Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only in
     the following circumstances: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of
     material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute
     or regulation or the erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the
     administrative judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial
     decision were not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of
     discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and
     material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due
     diligence, was not available when the record closed.          Title 5 of the Code of
     Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115).               After fully
     considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not
     established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review.
     Therefore, we DENY the petition for review. Except as expressly MODIFIED to
     clarify the appropriate burden of proof placed on the agency in taking an action
     under 38 U.S.C. § 714, we AFFIRM the initial decision.
¶2         The administrative judge correctly found that the appellant failed to
     nonfriovlously allege that her resignation was coerced or otherwise involuntary,
     and thus, it is outside of the Board’s jurisdiction.       Initial Appeal File (IAF),
     Tab 7, Initial Decision (ID) at 5-6. 3 The appellant’s arguments on review do not

     existence of Board jurisdiction is the threshold issue in adjudicating an appeal and
     ordinarily should be determined before reaching the issue of timeliness), aff’d,
     191 F. App’x 954 (Fed. Cir 2006).
     3
       Below, the appellant argued, among other things, that she was subjected to harassment
     and discrimination on the basis of race. IAF, Tab 5 at 6, 8-10. The administrative
     judge appropriately considered this claim within the context of the voluntariness of the
     appellant’s resignation, but ultimately reasoned that “the appellant could have filed an
     [equal employment opportunity (EEO)] complaint to address her concerns and awaited
     the outcome.” ID at 5. This appears to be a misstatement of the record. In a
     declaration submitted below, the appellant stated that: (1) she filed an EEO complaint
     on July 17, 2019; (2) the initial investigator found in her favor; and (3) the agency
     assigned the EEO complaint to a second investigator thereafter, who, according to the
                                                                                              3

     provide a basis to disturb this finding. 4           As a part of this finding, the
     administrative judge acknowledged the appellant’s challenges to her proposed
     removal but found that the agency “had a good faith basis upon which to propose
     the appellant’s removal,” especially under the lighter substantial evidence
     standard set forth at 38 U.S.C. § 714(c)(2)(A).             ID at 6 (citing 38 U.S.C.
     § 714(c)(2)(A)). 5
¶3         Although 38 U.S.C. § 714(d)(2)(A) provides that an administrative judge
     shall uphold an agency’s decision to, among other things, remove an employee if
     the decision is supported by substantial evidence, the U.S. Court of Appeals for
     the Federal Circuit clarified in Rodriguez v. Department of Veterans Affairs ,
     8 F.4th 1290, 1296-1301 (2021) that the Department of Veterans Affairs may only
     appellant, “ultimately reached a result consistent with Orlando VA managers’
     objectives.” IAF, Tab 5 at 9-10. Despite the misstatement of the record in the initial
     decision, neither the initial report nor subsequent report of the investigators’ findings
     are in the record, and we are, therefore, unable to consider their context in assessing the
     voluntariness of the appellant’s August 2020 resignation. As such, this adjudicatory
     error did not prejudice the appellant’s substantive rights and does not provide a basis to
     disturb the initial decision. See Panter v. Department of the Air Force, 22 M.S.P.R.
     281, 282 (1984) (finding that an adjudicatory error that is not prejudicial to a party’s
     substantive rights provides no basis for reversal of the initial decision).
     4
       On review, the appellant continues to argue that her working conditions were so
     intolerable that she felt compelled to resign. PFR File, Tab 1 at 13-18. In addition to
     the circumstances discussed by the administrative judge, she also argues on review that,
     in April 2020, while reviewing her personnel file, she learned that a performance
     appraisal dated September 30, 2019, had been placed in her personnel file without
     notification by the rating official. Id. at 12. The performance appraisal rated her
     performance as “Not Fully Acceptable,” while her previous performance appraisals
     rated her as “Fully Successful.” Id. at 43-57, 108-13. This argument appears to be
     raised for the first time on review, and thus, was not considered by the administrative
     judge. IAF, Tabs 1, 5; PFR File, Tab 1. Generally, the Board will not consider an
     argument raised for the first time on review absent a showing of new and material
     evidence not previously available before the record closed despite the party’s due
     diligence. See Clay v. Department of the Army, 123 M.S.P.R. 245, ¶6 (2016). Here, the
     performance appraisal is dated November 5, 2019, and the appellant became aware of it
     on April 20, 2020. PFR File, Tab 1 at 12, 112. The record in this appeal closed on or
     around May 26, 2021. The appellant has not explained why she was unable to make this
     argument below.
     5
      The administrative judge’s citation to 38 U.S.C. § 714(c)(2)(A) appears to be a typo;
     he likely intended to reference section 714(d)(2)(A).
                                                                                         4

     take the action in the first instance when it is supported by preponderant
     evidence. Thus, as is relevant here, in order for the appellant to show that her
     resignation was involuntary, she needed to show that the agency knew that it
     could    not    prove   the   charges   against   her   by   preponderant   evidence.
     See Rodriguez, 8 F.4th at 1296-1301; see also Barthel v. Department of the Army,
     38 M.S.P.R. 245, 250-51 (1988) (explaining that, if an appellant can show that the
     agency knew that the reasons for a proposed action could not be substantiated, the
     proposed action would be purely coercive and would render the resulting
     retirement involuntary, his appeal within the Board’s jurisdiction, and entitle him
     to reinstatement).
¶4           Here, the appellant’s arguments regarding the merits of the proposed
     removal, namely, that the proposal was “rife with factual errors” and that the
     agency could not prove that she engaged in misconduct that warranted removal,
     are vague and conclusory, and thus, do not even meet the nonfrivolous allegation
     standard.      PFR File, Tab 1 at 11; see 5 C.F.R. § 1201.4(s) (stating that a
     nonfrivolous allegation must be, among other things, more than conclusory).
     Notably, she has not challenged any of the five charges brought by the agency or
     explained in detail why the agency’s action could not be substantiated. 6 IAF,
     Tabs 1, 5; PFR File, Tab 1. Accordingly, we find that the appellant failed to
     nonfrivolously allege that the agency knew that its action was not supported by a
     preponderance of the evidence.
¶5           Additionally, the appellant has submitted several documents with her
     petition for review, including a declaration, several performance appraisals, the
     notice of proposed removal, her response thereto, and the decision of removal,
     several Standard Form 50s, her resignation letter, her July 2019 equal
     6
        The record includes the appellant’s reply to the proposed removal, which she
     submitted during the agency’s proceedings prior to the instant appeal. IAF, Tab 6
     at 58-69; PFR File, Tab 1 at 91-102. The appellant has not referenced this document,
     except to allege that the agency did not consider it, nor has she made any of the
     arguments contained therein in any of her pleadings before the Board. IAF, Tabs 1, 5;
     PFR File, Tab 1.
                                                                                           5

     employment opportunity (EEO) complaint, and email correspondence regarding
     the reassignment of her EEO complaint.          PFR File, Tab 1 at 35-124.      To the
     extent that any of these documents were not included in the record below, the
     Board generally will not consider evidence submitted for the first time with a
     petition for review absent a showing that it was unavailable before the record
     closed before the administrative judge despite the party’s due diligence.           See
     Avansino v. U.S. Postal Service, 3 M.S.P.R. 211, 213-14 (1980).
¶6         Here, all of the documents submitted with the appellant’s petition for
     review were available—or contained information that was available—on or before
     the record closed below, and the appellant has not explained why she was unable
     to submit them then, nor has she explained how they are otherwise of sufficient
     weight to warrant an outcome different than that of the initial decision. PFR File,
     Tab 1.     Thus, none of the documents provide a basis to grant the petition for
     review.     See Russo v. Veterans Administration, 3 M.S.P.R. 345, 349 (1980)
     (stating that the Board generally will not grant a petition for review based on new
     evidence absent a showing that it is of sufficient weight to warrant an outcome
     different from that of the initial decision).

                               NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 7
              The initial decision, as supplemented by this Final Order, constitutes the
     Board’s final decision in this matter. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113. You may obtain
     review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By statute, the nature of
     your claims determines the time limit for seeking such review and the appropriate
     forum with which to file. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b). Although we offer the following
     summary of available appeal rights, the Merit Systems Protection Board does not
     provide legal advice on which option is most appropriate for your situation and
     the rights described below do not represent a statement of how courts will rule

     7
       Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated
     the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the
     Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.
                                                                                        6

regarding which cases fall within their jurisdiction. If you wish to seek review of
this final decision, you should immediately review the law applicable to your
claims and carefully follow all filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file
within the applicable time limit may result in the dismissal of your case by your
chosen forum.
      Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review
below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions
about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you
should contact that forum for more information.

      (1) Judicial review in general . As a general rule, an appellant seeking
judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court
within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision.               5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(A).
      If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal   Circuit,   you   must   submit   your   petition   to   the   court    at   the
following address:
                              U.S. Court of Appeals
                              for the Federal Circuit
                             717 Madison Place, N.W.
                             Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
                                                                                    7

Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

      (2) Judicial   or   EEOC     review   of   cases     involving   a   claim   of
discrimination . This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you
were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action
was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain
judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination
claims —by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court ( not the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you
receive this decision.     5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems
Protection Board, 582 U.S. 420 (2017). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
with the district court no later than 30 calendar days after your representative
receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of discrimination based on
race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling condition, you may be
entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and to waiver of any
requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security.           See 42 U.S.C.
§ 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.
      Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at their respective
websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx .
      Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding
all other issues . 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the
EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive
this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,
and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file
                                                                                      8

with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives
this decision.
      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the
address of the EEOC is:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                  P.O. Box 77960
                             Washington, D.C. 20013

      If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or
by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:
                            Office of Federal Operations
                     Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
                                 131 M Street, N.E.
                                   Suite 5SW12G
                             Washington, D.C. 20507

      (3) Judicial     review   pursuant     to   the    Whistleblower      Protection
Enhancement Act of 2012 . This option applies to you only if you have raised
claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or
other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).
If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s
disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in section
2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or 2302(b)(9)(A)(i),
(B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial review either with the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court of appeals of
competent jurisdiction. 8   The court of appeals must receive your petition for

8
   The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain
whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on
December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on
July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file petitions for judicial review of
MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals
for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.
The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to November 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115-195,
132 Stat. 1510.
                                                                                  9

review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision.          5 U.S.C.
§ 7703(b)(1)(B).
      If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the
following address:
                             U.S. Court of Appeals
                             for the Federal Circuit
                            717 Madison Place, N.W.
                            Washington, D.C. 20439

      Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular
relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is
contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.
      If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at
http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation
for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The
Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that
any attorney will accept representation in a given case.
      Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their
respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:
      http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx .

FOR THE BOARD:                        ______________________________
                                      Jennifer Everling
                                      Acting Clerk of the Board
Washington, D.C.