Court Opinion

ID: 58233
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2010-04-26 02:31:33+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:33:27.523588
License: Public Domain

[DO NOT PUBLISH]

          IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                            FILED
                  FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                    ________________________ ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                                                        DEC 03, 2007
                          No. 07-11339                THOMAS K. KAHN
                      Non-Argument Calendar               CLERK
                    ________________________

              D. C. Docket No. 05-00214-CV-RLV-4

DOUGLAS BURLEY,

                                                       Plaintiff-Appellant,

                              versus

WARDEN STEVE UPTON,
MARK ABUSAFT,
TAMMY THOMPSON,
JANE DOE SIMPSON,
DONNA SIMPSON,

                                                    Defendants-Appellees,

CHARLES THOMPSON,

                                                               Defendant.

                    ________________________

            Appeal from the United States District Court
               for the Northern District of Georgia
                 _________________________

                       (December 3, 2007)
Before ANDERSON, BARKETT and KRAVITCH, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:

      Douglas Burley, an inmate in the Georgia prison system, appeals the district

court’s grant of summary judgment for the defendants—the warden, two prison

guards, and a counselor—in this section 1983 claim. The district court held that

Burley’s suit was barred because he did not exhaust his administrative remedies

and, in the alternative, that Burley’s claim failed on the merits. Because the record

is unclear, we do not address the issue of whether he exhausted his administrative

remedies. Instead, we address the merits of his claim. We affirm the district

court’s grant of summary judgment.

                                I. BACKGROUND

      Douglas Burley is a pro se prisoner serving a sentence in Hays State Prison

in Georgia. He alleged that on September 13, 2004 Officer Thompson told him

that he would be transferred from a bottom bunk to a top bunk in his cell because

the prison needed to transfer another inmate to Burley’s bottom bunk. Burley had

a “medical profile” card requiring a bottom bunk and he showed this card to

Officer Thompson. Officer Thompson informed Burley that she had to move him

anyway. Burley then spoke to Counselor Abusaft about the transfer and Abusaft

told Burley that due to a transfer of other inmates, Burley would get a bottom bunk

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the following day. Burley also wrote a letter to Warden Upton complaining of the

transfer to a top bunk. On September 15th, Burley visited Warden Upton and the

warden told Burley that he would be transferred back to a bottom bunk.

        On September 17th, however, Burley remained in a top bunk. He went to

the Warden to inquire about the transfer but Officer Simpson told Burley that the

warden knew of the situation and that there was no need for the two of them to

talk.

        Later that afternoon, Officer McCurry told Burley that he would be

switching beds with another inmate when that inmate was back from his detail, but

when Burley asked Officer McCurry if he could transfer beds, Officer McCurry

told Burley that he needed a “move slip” from Officer Simpson authorizing the

transfer first. Burley alleges, however, that the transfer did not happen for another

day and that on September 18th he fell while climbing down from his top bunk,

injuring his head, and worsening the pain he had felt for years in his lower back.

        Burley saw medical personnel. The nurse noted that the lower back was

tender to the touch; however, she observed no swelling, no deformity, no heat, no

crepitus with movement, and no discoloration. She also noted full range of

movement, normal vital signs, and the ability to flex the neck to the chest. The

doctor prescribed Motrin and returned Burley to his cell.

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        Before filing this suit, Burley filed an informal grievance with the

department of corrections. The appellees do not dispute that the grievance was

received on September 28th. The Georgia Department of Corrections’ requirement

at the time was that an informal grievance needed to be filed within 10 days of the

occurrence. Despite the grievance’s timeliness, the Department of Corrections

denied it and stated that it was untimely. In response, Burley wrote letters

disputing the denial. Although in one letter, he indicated that he wanted a formal

grievance procedure to begin, he did not actually file the formal grievance. In one

letter, Burley also referenced an unrelated formal grievance that was pending at the

time, and the record shows that he had on at least two prior occasions filed formal

grievances. The record is not clear, however, as to whether Burley had access to

the formal grievance form or whether he was somehow prohibited from filing the

form. The record is also unclear as to what other steps Burley needed to follow to

satisfy the requirement that he exhaust his administrative remedies before filing

suit.

                           II. STANDARD OF REVIEW

        This court reviews a district court’s grant of summary judgment de novo,

viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion.

Wilson v. B/E Aerospace, Inc., 376 F.3d 1079, 1085 (11th Cir. 2004). Summary

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judgment is appropriate when “there is no genuine issue as to any material fact

and...the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P.

56(a). This court reviews a district court’s grant of summary judgment on a

section 1983 claim de novo. Patrick v. Floyd, 201 F.3d 1313, 1315 (11th Cir.

2000).

                                  III. DISCUSSION

         Because the record is unclear as to whether Burley exhausted his

administrative remedies, we will not address that issue. Instead, we examine the

district court’s grant of summary judgment on the merits. To prevail on a section

1983 claim, the plaintiff must show a deprivation of a federal right. 42 U.S.C. §

1983 (2006). The Supreme Court has held that deliberate indifference to a

prisoner’s medical needs can constitute a violation of the Eighth Amendment

prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment—a federal right. Estelle v.

Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104, 97 S.Ct 285 (1976). Deliberate indifference contains

both an objective and subjective component. Farrow v. West, 320 F.3d 1235, 1243

(11th Cir. 2003). The plaintiff must first establish an “objectively serious medical

need.” Id. A serious medical need is “one that has been diagnosed by a physician

as mandating treatment or one that is so obvious that even a lay person would

easily recognize the necessity for a doctor’s attention.” Id. (citation and quotation

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marks omitted). Further, the “medical need must be one that, if left unattended,

poses a substantial risk of serious harm.” Id. (citation and quotation marks

omitted).

      Once a serious medical need is shown, the plaintiff must satisfy the

subjective element—establishing that the prison official acted with deliberate

indifference to that need. An official acts with deliberate indifference when that

official knows that an inmate is in serious need of medical care but fails or refuses

to obtain proper treatment. Lancaster v. Monroe County, 116 F.3d 1419, 1425

(11th Cir. 1997). To prove deliberate indifference, a plaintiff must show “(1)

subjective knowledge of a risk of serious harm [and] (2) disregard of that risk; (3)

by conduct that is more than mere negligence.” Farrow, 320 F.3d at 1245.

Inadvertent or negligent failure to provide adequate medical care does not

constitute deliberate indifference.

      In this case, Burley offered no evidence to suggest that he had a “serious

medical need” that, if left unattended, would pose a serious risk of medical harm.

He never explicitly stated why he had a medical profile for a lower bunk. He,

therefore, failed to meet his burden of proof. The district court inferred, however,

that Burley had the medical profile because of his history of lower back pain. Even

if that was the case, lower back pain is not the type of serious condition this circuit

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requires. In the past, this court has held, for example, that a patient with asthma

who has continual breathing problems with intermittent wheezing, coughing, and

hyperventilating had a “serious medical need.” Adams v. Poag, 61 F.3d 1537,

1539-41, 1543 (11th Cir. 1995). We have also held that an inmate who had a one-

and-a-half inch cut over his eye bleeding for two and a half hours had a “serious

medical need.” Aldridge v. Montgomery, 753 F.2d 970, 972-73 (11th Cir. 1985).

Burley had a medical need. But unlike these two examples, it was not so serious

that “if left unattended, [it] pose[d] a substantial risk of serious harm.”

      Further, even if Burley did have a “serious medical need,” he failed to show

that officials were anything more than negligent by keeping him in a top bunk for

five days. He presented no evidence that the officials knew that he needed a

bottom bunk but intentionally kept him in a top bunk. The evidence submitted by

the defendants suggest Burley’s temporary placement in a top bunk was the result

of bureaucratic misunderstandings, not deliberate indifference. Burley did not

counter this evidence with anything from which we could infer that the cause of his

being placed in a top bunk was anything but a mistake.

                                 IV. CONCLUSION

      For these reasons, we AFFIRM.

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