Court Opinion

ID: 4414070
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-07-04 06:07:54.818113+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:51:07.289712
License: Public Domain

NUMBER 13-18-00367-CV

                            COURT OF APPEALS

                   THIRTEENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS

                     CORPUS CHRISTI - EDINBURG

CHARLES MOORHEAD #2031979,                                                Appellant,

                                              v.

A. SALINAS, ET AL,                                                         Appellee.

                   On appeal from the 156th District Court
                          of Bee County, Texas.

                       MEMORANDUM OPINION

  Before Chief Justice Contreras and Justices Benavides and Longoria
             Memorandum Opinion by Justice Benavides
      By four issues, appellant Charles Moorhead challenges the trial court’s dismissal

of his pro se, in forma pauperis suit pursuant to Chapter 14 of the Texas Civil Practice

and Remedies Code.       See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. §§ 14.001–.014.

Moorhead seeks an amended final judgment and new trial to determine the merits of his
original claims. We affirm.

                                        I.      BACKGROUND

       Moorhead, an inmate currently housed in the McConnell Unit of the Texas

Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) in Bee County, Texas, filed a civil suit against

appellees, five 1 TDCJ employees in their official and individual capacities.                   The

allegations included: conversion, breach of contract, retaliation, and violation of

Moorhead’s First Amendment right to free exercise of religion.                  See U.S. CONST.

amend. I.    After submitting administrative grievance forms to the prison grievance

system, Moorhead received a decision on December 8, 2017 stating his complaints had

been previously addressed or were unsubstantiated.

       Moorhead appealed the decision by mailing his petition to the trial court on January

12, 2018. The petition was file-stamped by the trial court on January 18, 2018. The

Texas Attorney General filed an amicus curiae brief. Without a hearing, the trial court

dismissed Moorhead’s suit for failing to comply with Chapter 14 of the Texas Civil Practice

and Remedies Code. This appeal followed.

                                          II.    DISCUSSION

       By four issues and subparts, breach of contract, conversion, retaliation, and

violation of his First Amendment right to free exercise of religion, Moorhead contends the

trial court erred in dismissing his claims for failure to comply with Chapter 14.

       A. Standard of Review and Applicable Law

       Chapter 14 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code governs inmate

       1Defendant/Appellees: Officer A. Salinas, William Hanson, Corey Furr, P. Chapa, and R.
Menchaca.
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litigation. Id. The court reviews the dismissal of inmate lawsuits for abuse of discretion.

Thomas v. Knight, 52 S.W.3d 292, 294 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2001, pet.

denied). To establish an abuse of discretion, the appellant must show that the trial

court’s actions were arbitrary or unreasonable considering all surrounding circumstances.

See Smithson v. Cessna Aircraft Co., 665 S.W.2d 439, 443 (Tex. 1984); see also

Readeaux v. Velasquez, No. 13-13-00217-CV, 2013 WL 4399189, at *1 (Tex. App.—

Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2013, no pet.) (mem. op.).

      The prison grievance system provides an administrative remedy for claims that

would consume valuable judicial resources with little offsetting benefit.         Diles v.

Henderson, 76 S.W.3d 807, 810 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2002, no pet.);

see Amir-Sharif v. Quarterman, No. 13-09-00504-CV, 2010 WL 3279501, at *2 (Tex.

App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2013, no pet.) (mem. op.).        Chapter 14 states that an

inmate must receive a decision from the highest authority within the prison grievance

system before filing a claim in state court concerning the same issues. TEX. CIV. PRAC.

& REM. CODE ANN. § 14.005; see TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 501.008(d). Once an inmate

receives a final decision from the grievance system, the inmate has thirty-one days to file

their petition in state court. TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 14.005(b). Suits that

are not filed within the allotted time frame are barred from proceeding. Id; see Diles, 76
S.W.3d at 810; see also Readeaux, 2013 WL 4399189, at *1. Trial courts are required

to dismiss any claims filed outside of the required deadline. See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM.

CODE ANN. § 14.005(b); Lewis v. Johnson, 97 S.W.3d 885, 888 (Tex. App.—Corpus

Christi–Edinburg 2013, no pet.).

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        B. Analysis

        Moorhead received the final decision from the grievance system regarding his

complaints on December 8, 2017. His deadline to file was January 8, 2018, thirty-one

days from the time he received the decision. See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN.

§ 14.005(b).      The Texas Supreme Court has adopted the “prisoner mailbox rule,”

meaning Moorhead’s petition was deemed “filed” on the date the prison authorities

received the document to be mailed: January 12, 2018. See Ramos v. Richardson, 228
S.W.3d 671, 673 (Tex. 2007) (per curiam) (extending the “prisoner mailbox rule” to inmate

litigation); see also Warner v. Glass, 135 S.W.3d 681, 684 (Tex. 2004) (per curiam);

Hoffman, 2013 WL 5434679, at *1. Moorhead filed his petition four days late on January

12, therefore the trial court was required to dismiss his claim for failing to comply with

§ 14.005(b). See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 14.005(b); Lewis, 97 S.W.3d at

888. All of Moorhead’s issues are overruled. 2

                                            III.    CONCLUSION

        We affirm the judgment of the trial court.

                                                                  GINA M. BENAVIDES,
                                                                  Justice

Delivered and filed the
3rd day of July, 2019.

        2 Since Dismissal was required by the statute, the trial court did not abuse its discretion, we need

not address any other issues presented. See TEX. R. APP. P. 47.1; see also Diles v. Henderson, 76
S.W.3d 807, 810 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg 2002, no pet.).
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