Court Opinion

ID: 3896895
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-07-06 09:29:08.28225+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:24:50.109977
License: Public Domain

Honorable John T. Montford Criminal District Attorney 2nd Floor, County Courthouse Lubbock, Texas 79401
Re: Application of articles 43.09 and 42.03 of the Code of Criminal Procedure to the justice courts
Dear Mr. Montford:
You ask two questions which relate to the application of certain criminal procedure rules to the justice courts.
Your first question is:
  Does article 43.09, as amended by the 67th Legislature (Senate Bill No. 430) raising the credit for fines and costs `laid out' from $5 to $15 per day, apply to fines and costs assessed in justice court in view of article 45.53, which provides for credit of $5 per day?
The Sixty-seventh Legislature amended article 45.53
of the Code of Criminal Procedure to provide that a defendant placed in jail by order of a justice court may serve out his fine at the rate of `not less than $15 for each day.' House Bill No. 647, Acts 1981, 67th Leg., ch. 708, at 2648; see Code Crim. Proc. art. 45.52. Therefore, article 45.53 rather than 43.09 controls the credit for fines and costs assessed in justice court.
Your second question is:
  Does article 42.03 of the Code of Criminal Procedure require justice courts to give credit for pre-conviction jail time?
The relevant section of article 42.03 reads:
  Sec. 2. (a) In all criminal cases the judge of the court in which the defendant was convicted shall give the defendant credit on his sentence for the time that the defendant has spent in jail in said cause, from the time of his arrest and confinement until his sentence by the trial court.
This is a general statute which applies to all convictions in the absence of a more specific enactment. See Ex parte Young,136 S.W.2d 863 (Tex.Crim.App. 1940). We have not found a more specific statute relating to the credit of jail time served prior to conviction in justice court.
In interpreting this statute, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals has determined that a pre-conviction jail time credit against a defendant's later sentence is mandatory. Jones v. State,545 S.W.2d 771 (Tex.Crim.App. 1977); Guerra v. State, 518 S.W.2d 815
(Tex.Crim.App. 1975). Therefore, because article 42.03 applies to justice courts as well as other state courts, they must give credit for pre-conviction jail time.
 SUMMARY
Justice courts must comply with articles 42.03 and 45.53
of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
Very truly yours,
  Mark White Attorney General of Texas
  John W. Fainter, Jr. First Assistant Attorney General
  Richard E. Gray III Executive Assistant Attorney General
  Prepared by Dawn Bruner Assistant Attorney General