Court Opinion

ID: 4878847
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-08-26 07:05:55.499997+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:01:54.941474
License: Public Domain

FIFTH DIVISION
                          RICKMAN, C. J.,
      MCFADDEN, P. J., and SENIOR APPELLATE JUDGE PHIPPS

                    NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be
                    physically received in our clerk’s office within ten
                    days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed.
                               https://www.gaappeals.us/rules

                    DEADLINES ARE NO LONGER TOLLED IN THIS
                    COURT. ALL FILINGS MUST BE SUBMITTED WITHIN
                    THE TIMES SET BY OUR COURT RULES.

                                                                    August 23, 2021

In the Court of Appeals of Georgia
 A21A0746. NORROD v. WILLINGHAM.

      MCFADDEN, Presiding Judge.

      This appeal challenges a trial court order finding that a motion for new trial

was untimely and denying the motion without holding a hearing. The trial court erred

in so finding because the order denominated “Final Order” reserved the issue of

attorney fees, and the motion for new trial was timely filed after the subsequent order

resolving that issue. Because the trial court erred in finding that the motion was

untimely and in failing to hold a hearing on the motion as required by Uniform

Superior Court Rule 6.3, we reverse the order and remand the case with direction that

the trial court hold a hearing on the timely motion.

      1. Facts and procedural posture.
      Jonathan Norrod and Ashton Willingham were divorced in 2014. The final

divorce decree awarded them joint legal custody of their minor child; gave primary

physical custody of the child to Willingham; and required Norrod to pay $440 in

monthly child support, which was increased to $574 per month in 2015. In 2018,

Willingham filed a petition to modify visitation and child support and to hold Norrod

in contempt, and Norrod counterclaimed for modification of child support. After a

bench trial, the court entered a purported “Final Order” on August 5, 2020, which

increased Norrod’s child support obligation to $677 per month; found Norrod in

contempt, but did not impose punishment; and reserved the issue of attorney fees for

later determination, directing the parties to submit briefs on the issue and indicating

that the court would enter a separate order on attorney fees. On August 31, 2020, the

court issued its separate order on attorney fees, awarding Willingham a total of

$23,223 in such fees pursuant to OCGA §§ 9-11-37, 9-15-14 (a) and (b), 19-6-15, and

19-9-3. On September 30, 2020, Norrod filed a motion for new trial on grounds that

the judgment was contrary to the law and evidence and that the attorney fees awarded

were excessive. Two weeks later, without holding a hearing on Norrod’s motion for

new trial, the court entered an order denying the motion on the ground that it was

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untimely since it was filed more than 30 days after the August 5 order. Norrod filed

an application for discretionary appeal, which was granted, and this appeal followed.

      2. Failure to hold a hearing.

      Norrod asserts that the trial court erred by failing to conduct a hearing before

it denied his motion for a new trial. We agree.

            Uniform Superior Court Rule 6.3 requires, unless otherwise
      ordered by the court, that a motion for new trial in a civil action shall be
      decided by the trial court only after an oral hearing, even if the moving
      party does not request such a hearing. Moreover, . . . if the trial court
      denies a motion for new trial in a civil case without issuing an order
      excepting the motion from this procedural requirement, and without
      holding the mandatory hearing, the error will not be deemed harmless
      on appeal; instead, the order denying the motion must be reversed and
      the case remanded with direction that the trial court comply with Rule
      6.3 before disposing of the motion.

Triola v. Triola, 292 Ga. 808 (741 SE2d 650) (2013) (citations, footnote, and

punctuation omitted). See also Kuriatnyk v. Kuriatnyk, 286 Ga. 589, 592 (2) (690

SE2d 397) (2010).

      Here, the trial court did not hold the mandatory hearing before denying

Norrod’s motion for new trial. The court’s order of denial did not refer to Rule 6.3 or

Norrod’s right to a hearing, and there is no indication that the court issued a separate

order excepting the motion from the oral hearing requirement. Instead, the trial court

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apparently determined that no hearing was required based on its finding that the

motion was untimely since it had been filed more than 30 days after the August 5,

2020 “Final Order.” See OCGA § 5-5-40 (a) (“All motions for new trial, except in

extraordinary cases, shall be made within 30 days of the entry of the judgment on the

verdict or entry of the judgment where the case was tried without a jury.”)

      But contrary to the trial court’s finding, even though the August 5, 2020 order

was labeled a “Final Order,” it was not actually a final judgment because it expressly

reserved the pending issue of attorney fees for determination in a later order. As our

Supreme Court has explained, there is no final judgment and

      a case remains pending in the trial court where that court has explicitly
      reserved issues related to costs and attorney fees for future judgment.
      See Islamkhan v. Khan, 299 Ga. 548, 550 (1) (787 SE2d 731) (2016)
      (“despite being titled ‘Final Order of Divorce,’ the trial court’s order,
      which specifically reserved resolution of the attorney fees issue for
      further order of the court, was not a final judgment”); Jarvis v. Jarvis,
      291 Ga. 818, 819 (1) (733 SE2d 747) (2012) (“because the trial court
      reserved the matter of attorney’s fees, the final decree of divorce was not
      a final judgment as of its issuance”); Miller v. Miller, 288 Ga. 274, 282
      (4) (705 SE2d 839) (2010) (“there was no final judgment until the
      reserved issues of attorney fees . . . [was] resolved”).

Edokpolor v. Grady Mem. Hosp. Corp., 302 Ga. 733, 734-735 (808 SE2d 653) (2017)

(punctuation omitted). See also Gordon v. Abrahams, 330 Ga. App. 795, 798-799 (3)

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(a) (769 SE2d 544) (2015) (there was no final judgment until the reserved issue of

attorney fees was later resolved); CitiFinancial Svcs. v. Holland, 310 Ga. App. 480,

481 (713 SE2d 678) (2011) (trial court order that left claim for attorney fees pending

was not a final judgment).

      In this case, there was no final judgment until the trial court entered its order

resolving the reserved issue of attorney fees on August 31, 2020. Since Norrod’s

September 30, 2020 motion for new trial was filed within 30 days of the entry of that

order, the motion was timely. So the trial court erred when it determined that the

motion for new trial was untimely and when it failed to hold the mandatory hearing

on the timely motion. We therefore reverse the denial of the motion for new trial and

remand the case with direction that the trial court hold a hearing on the motion as

required by Rule 6.3. See Triola, supra at 808-809.

      3. Remaining enumerations of error.

      Because of our holding above, we do not reach Norrod’s other enumerations

of error concerning the merits of the motion “as the issues raised thereby must be

asserted in the trial court on remand.” Triola, supra at 809 (citation and punctuation

omitted).

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      Judgment reversed and cased remanded with direction. Rickman, C. J., and

Senior Appellate Judge Herbert E. Phipps concur.

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