Court Opinion

ID: 4515717
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-03-12 22:20:32.977264+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T10:06:18.236863
License: Public Domain

Affirmed and Memorandum Opinion filed March 12, 2020.

                                     In the

                    Fourteenth Court of Appeals

                             NO. 14-18-00499-CR

                STEPHEN WARFIELD LIVINGS, Appellant

                                        v.
                      THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee

                   On Appeal from the 182nd District Court
                           Harris County, Texas
                       Trial Court Cause No. 1417975

                         MEMORANDUM OPINION

      Appellant Stephen Warfield Livings pleaded guilty to the second degree
felony of, on February 14, 2014, possessing with intent to deliver a material,
compound, mixture, or preparation containing not more than 15 milligrams per
dosage unit of dihydrocodeinone (hydrocodone) in the amount, by aggregate
weight, including adulterants and dilutants, of 28 grams or more but less than 200
grams. Texas Controlled Substances Act, Tex. Health & Safety Code Ann.
§§ 481.104(a)(4), 481.114(a), (c). Appellant also pleaded guilty to allegations in
the indictment that he had previously been finally convicted of two felony
offenses, and the second previous felony conviction was for an offense that
occurred subsequent to the first previous conviction having become final. Tex.
Penal Code Ann. § 12.42(d). After receiving appellant’s guilty plea, the trial court
reset the case for sentencing to allow for a presentence investigation. After the
presentence investigation was completed, but before the sentencing hearing,
appellant filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea. The trial court denied the
motion and sentenced appellant to imprisonment for 26 years, without a fine. Id.

       In his sole issue,1 appellant asserts that the trial court erred in denying his
motion to withdraw his guilty plea, arguing that his plea was involuntary because
his trial lawyer mistakenly assured him that he would receive a sentence of
community supervision if he pleaded guilty. A defendant may withdraw his guilty
plea as a matter of right until sentence has been pronounced or the case has been
taken under advisement. Jackson v. State, 590 S.W.2d 514, 515 (Tex. Crim. App.
1979). However, when a defendant decides to withdraw his guilty plea after the
trial court pronounces sentence or takes the case under advisement, the withdrawal
of the plea is within the sound discretion of the trial court. Id. “It is well settled that
passage of a case for pre-sentence investigation constitutes ‘taking the case under
advisement’ despite the fact that punishment has not been assessed.” Stone v. State,

       1
          Although appellant is represented by appointed appellate counsel, appellant raises
several issues in pro se briefing, including (1) the trial court committed fundamental error by
denying appellant his constitutional and statutory right to a jury trial, (2) the trial court
committed fundamental error by failing to admonish appellant in compliance with Code of
Criminal Procedure article 26.13, (3) appellant’s guilty plea was not voluntary, intelligent, and
knowing, and (4) there was no evidence presented to sustain the conviction for the offense to
which appellant pleaded guilty. Appellant also complains of ineffective assistance of counsel on
appeal. This court, however, denied appellant’s motion to proceed pro se. And appellant is not
entitled to hybrid representation. See Landers v. State, 550 S.W.2d 272, 280 (Tex. Crim. App.
1977) (op. on reh’g) (“There is no constitutional right in Texas to hybrid representation partially
pro se and partially by counsel.”). Appellant’s pro se issues therefore “present nothing for
review.” Rudd v. State, 616 S.W.2d 623, 625 (Tex. Crim. App. 1981).

                                                2
951 S.W.2d 205, 207 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1997, no pet.) (collecting
cases). The record reflects, and appellant concedes, that the trial court had taken
this case under advisement before appellant’s motion to withdraw his plea.
Accordingly, appellant must show that the trial court abused its discretion in
denying his motion to withdraw the plea. See Jackson, 590 S.W.2d at 515.

      In support of his contention that his plea was involuntary, appellant
submitted an unsworn affidavit stating that he pleaded guilty because his trial
lawyer “informed [appellant] that [he] would receive community supervision for
this case if [he] agreed to plead ‘guilty’ and have the court determine [his] sentence
at a PSI hearing.” Appellant testified at the sentencing hearing to the same effect.
However, “appellant’s uncorroborated testimony that he was misinformed by
counsel does not meet his burden to show that his plea was involuntary.” Sykes v.
State, 586 S.W.3d 522, 532 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2019, pet. filed)
(citing Fimberg v. State, 922 S.W.2d 205, 208 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.]
1996, pet. ref’d) (“[A] defendant’s claim he was misinformed by counsel, standing
alone, is not enough for us to hold his plea was involuntary.”)). Absent
corroborating evidence that appellant’s lawyer misinformed appellant about the
sentence he was to receive, we are unable to conclude that the trial court abused its
discretion in denying appellant’s motion to withdraw his guilty plea. See Sykes,
586 S.W.3d at 532; Fimberg, 922 S.W.2d at 208.

      We overrule appellant’s issue and affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                       /s/       Charles A. Spain
                                                 Justice

Panel consists of Justices Christopher, Spain, and Poissant.
Do Not Publish — Tex. R. App. P. 47.2(b).

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