Court Opinion

ID: 8210203
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-09-29 14:06:09.776979+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:41:47.973457
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
                               APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
        This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
     internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.

                                                        SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
                                                        APPELLATE DIVISION
                                                        DOCKET NO. A-3776-20

QUYNTON CURRY,
a minor by ALISON RODRIGUEZ,
his Guardian ad Litem,

          Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

NEW COMMUNITY CORPORATION,

          Defendant-Respondent,

and

CELESTE M. ATKINS,

     Defendant.
_________________________________

                   Submitted September 20, 2022 – Decided September 29, 2022

                   Before Judges Sumners and Geiger.

                   On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
                   Division, Civil Part, Hudson County, Docket No. L-
                   2987-18.

                   Seigel Law LLC, attorneys for appellant (James P.
                   Kimball, of counsel and on the briefs).
            Carey & Grossi, attorneys for respondent (John J.
            Grossi, III, on the brief).

PER CURIAM

      Plaintiff, eight-year-old Quynton Curry, and his mother and guardian ad

litem, Alison Rodriguez, were visiting the home of family friend Ashantee

Oliver, who resided at an apartment complex owned by defendant New

Community Corporation (NCC), when he was bitten by a dog on his right ear,

left leg, and left arm while playing in the backyard. The dog was owned by

defendant Celeste Atkins, a NCC resident. According to the lease agreement

signed by all NCC residents, no dogs are allowed in or on NCC's properties.

Yet, Oliver owned a dog, as apparently did several other NCC residents based

on signs in the windows of their homes stating, "Dog on premises." Although

Atkins' dog nibbled on the ear of Oliver's daughter three years earlier, the

incident was not reported to NCC.

      Judge Vincent J. Militello granted summary judgment dismissal of

plaintiff's claims against NCC based on reasons set forth in an oral decision.1

After applying the summary judgment standard set forth in Rule 4:46-2 and Brill

1
  Atkins failed to file an answer to the complaint; default was entered, followed
by default judgment in the amount of $750,000. Unfortunately for plaintiff,
Atkins was uninsured and essentially judgment proof.
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v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 142 N.J. 520 (1995), the judge focused on

three decisions of this court.

      First, the judge, relying on Cogsville v. Trenton, 159 N.J. Super. 71, 74

(App. Div. 1978), stated that "under common law ordinarily a landlord is not

responsible for injuries caused by a tenant’s dog."      In Cogsville, we held

"ordinarily a landlord has no liability for a nuisance on leased premises unless

it existed prior to the letting and was continued by the tenant, or unless the

nuisance was the direct result of the use agreed to by the landlord." Ibid. The

judge found neither of these factors applied to the case at bar. NCC also did not

agree to allow dogs on the leased premises—in fact, its leases prohibited such.

The judge reasoned that under Cogsville, a dog owner is strictly liable for

damages caused by the dog in accordance with N.J.S.A. 4:19-16, but the dog

owner's landlord is not liable when the dog bites someone.

      The judge next cited Linebaugh vs. Hyndman, where we broadened our

view of a landlord's liability for a tenant's pet. 213 N.J. Super. 117 (App. Div.

1986). There, we held "a landlord's responsibility to exercise reasonable care in

the maintenance of common areas under his control encompasses a duty owed

to his tenant's invitees to prevent injury from a vicious animal kept on such

premises with his knowledge." Id. at 119-20.

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      Finally, the judge relied upon Hyun Na Seo v. Yozgadlian, 320 N.J. Super.

68, 71 (App. Div. 1999), a situation like the case at bar, where we fine-tuned

our reasoning for when a landlord might be held liable for a tenant's pet where

the lease agreement prohibits pets. In Hyun, we rejected the trial court's finding

that a lease provision prohibiting pets made the landlords an insurer for any

damages caused by a pet in violation of the provision. Id. at 71. We stated:

            Plaintiff offered no proof that the dog that bit her was
            known to have vicious propensities, let alone that the
            landlord knew of the dog's prior vicious propensities.
            We find those cases to be persuasive and conclude that
            the trial judge erroneously elevated the landlords to the
            status of an insurer for any damages caused by [their
            tenant's] dog.

            [Id. at 73.]

      Considering this case law, Judge Militello reasoned NCC was entitled to

summary judgment because, despite NCC's no pet provision in its lease

agreement, and "even assuming" it knew Atkins had a dog, "[p]laintiff offered

no proof . . . the dog that bit him was known to have vicious propensities . . . ,

[and even if] . . . others knew of the dog’s propensities, there’s no evidence . . .

[NCC] knew of the dog’s vicious propensities."

      We review a grant of summary judgment using the same standard that

governs the motion judge's decision. RSI Bank v. Providence Mut. Fire Ins.

                                                                              A-3776-20
                                         4
Co., 234 N.J. 459, 472 (2018) (citing Bhagat v. Bhagat, 217 N.J. 22, 38 (2014)).

Summary judgment is appropriate when "the pleadings, depositions,

interrogatories and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show

that there is no genuine issues as to any material fact challenged and that the

moving party is entitled to a judgment or order as a matter of law." R. 4:46-

2(c); Brill, 142 N.J. at 528-29. "When no issue of fact exists, and only a question

of law remains, this [c]ourt affords no special deference to the legal

determinations of the [motion judge]." RSI Bank, 234 N.J. at 472 (quoting

Templo Fuente De Vida Corp. v. Nat'l Union Fire Ins. Co., 224 N.J. 189, 199

(2016)).

      Considering our review of the record and the controlling case law,

summary judgment was proper for the cogent reasons set forth by Judge

Militello in his oral decision. There is no merit to plaintiffs' argument that

summary judgment was inappropriate based upon Rodriguez's deposition

testimony that there were "questions of fact presented as to NCC’s knowledge

of the existence of this dog (and other dogs) living at . . . [its] apartments, in

violation of its lease agreement with its tenants, as well as to NCC’s knowledge

of the vicious propensities of Atkins’[s] dog." We conclude, as did the judge,

plaintiff's assertions concerning NCC's lease provision prohibiting dogs, the

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signage indicating the presence of dogs in NCC tenants' apartments, and an

unreported prior incident involving Atkins's dog, fail to establish that a

reasonable jury could determine NCC knew or should have known Atkins

housed a dog with vicious propensities and thus making NCC liable for

plaintiff's unfortunate injuries.

      To the extent we have not specifically addressed any of plaintiff's

arguments, we conclude they lack sufficient merit to warrant discussion in a

written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).

      Affirmed.

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