Court Opinion

ID: 3213835
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-06-16 14:09:39.170916+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:45:58.759858
License: Public Domain

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Trina M. Greer-Jefferson,      :
                               : No. 2306 C.D. 2015
                    Petitioner : Submitted: April 1, 2016
                               :
                 v.            :
                               :
Unemployment Compensation      :
Board of Review,               :
                               :
                    Respondent :

BEFORE:       HONORABLE RENÉE COHN JUBELIRER, Judge
              HONORABLE MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge
              HONORABLE ROCHELLE S. FRIEDMAN, Senior Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION
BY JUDGE WOJCIK                                                  FILED: June 16, 2016

              Trina M. Greer-Jefferson (Claimant) petitions pro se for review of the
October 9, 2015 order of the Unemployment Compensation Board of Review
(Board), which affirmed a referee’s determination and held that Claimant was
ineligible for benefits under Section 402(b) of the Unemployment Compensation
Law (Law).1 We affirm.
              Claimant was employed as a full-time clinical research associate by
PRA International (Employer) from January 23, 2015, until April 23, 2015, at a

       1
         Act of December 5, 1936, Second Ex. Sess., P.L. (1937) 2897, as amended, 43 P.S.
§802(b). Section 402(b) provides that an employee shall be ineligible for compensation for any
week in which her unemployment is due to voluntarily leaving work without cause of a
necessitous and compelling nature.
final annual salary of $50,000, when she voluntarily quit her employment. The
local service center found that Claimant did not show a necessitous and compelling
reason for leaving her job and denied benefits under Section 402(b). Claimant
appealed.
            A referee held a hearing on August 24, 2015, where Claimant
appeared and Employer did not. Claimant testified that she had weekly one-on-one
meetings with her supervisor (Supervisor) to discuss her workload. Claimant said
that she also had a mentor (Mentor) who was available to answer questions about
her workload. Notes of Testimony (N.T.), August 24, 2015, at 5.
            Claimant stated that in April 2015, Mentor confided in Claimant about
personal issues while they were in the hallway at work, and Supervisor saw Mentor
crying during this exchange. Thereafter, Supervisor met with Claimant for their
one-on-one meeting, and Supervisor asked Claimant, “What’s the T?” Claimant
answered that she did not understand the question, and Supervisor clarified that she
was asking about Mentor. Claimant told Supervisor that she “doesn’t get involved
in telling other people’s business.” Id. at 6. Later, on April 22, 2015, Mentor told
Claimant that Supervisor accused Claimant of growling at her during their one-on-
one meeting. Id. at 5-6.
            Claimant further testified that, on April 23, 2015, she informed
Supervisor that she was quitting and left the workplace. After she arrived home
Claimant was contacted by Employer’s human resource department (Human
Resources) regarding her reason for quitting. Claimant described the prior day’s
interaction with Supervisor to Human Resources and told Human Resources that
she quit because she “took offense” when she learned that Supervisor accused her
of growling.    Claimant said that she had not reported this issue to Human

                                         2
Resources prior to quitting, but informed Human Resources that she would return
to work for Employer if she were assigned to a different supervisor. N.T., August
24, 2015 at 7-8.
              The referee determined that Claimant failed to sustain her burden of
proving that she had a necessitous and compelling reason to quit her employment,
and affirmed the local service center’s determination that Claimant was ineligible
for benefits under Section 402(b).
              Claimant appealed to the Board, which found that Claimant and
Supervisor had a personality conflict, and that Claimant had not credibly
established that she had no other choice but to quit. The Board also found that
Claimant did not make a reasonable effort to preserve the employment relationship
because she did not discuss her problems with Employer before quitting. Thus, the
Board concluded that Claimant was ineligible for benefits under Section 402(b).
              On appeal to this Court,2 Claimant argues that the Board erred in
concluding that Claimant did not have a necessitous and compelling reason for

       2
          Our scope of review is limited to determining whether constitutional rights were
violated, whether an error of law was committed, and whether necessary findings of fact are
supported by substantial evidence. Kirkwood v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review,
525 A.2d 841, 843-44 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1987). Additionally, the Board is the factfinder in
unemployment compensation cases, empowered to determine credibility of witnesses and resolve
conflicts in evidence. Curran v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 752 A.2d 938,
940 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2000). The Board’s findings are binding on appeal if they are supported by
substantial evidence. Mathis v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 64 A.3d 293,
299 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2013). “Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind
would accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Guthrie v. Unemployment Compensation
Board of Review, 738 A.2d 518, 521 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1999). We view the record in the light most
favorable to the party prevailing before the Board and afford that party the benefit of all
reasonable inferences that can be drawn from the evidence to determine if substantial evidence
exists. Big Mountain Imaging v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 48 A.3d 492,
494-95 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2012).

                                              3
quitting, and Claimant asserts that she acted with ordinary common sense and
made a reasonable effort to preserve the employment relationship.
            Preliminarily, we note that under Section 402(b) of the Law, a person
is ineligible for unemployment benefits if she voluntarily terminates her
employment without cause of a necessitous and compelling nature. The burden of
proof rests on the claimant to demonstrate necessitous and compelling cause.
Dopson v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 983 A.2d 1282, 1284
(Pa. Cmwlth. 2009).        Necessitous and compelling cause “results from
circumstances which produce pressure to terminate employment that is both real
and substantial, and which would compel a reasonable person under the
circumstances to act in the same manner.” Philadelphia Parking Authority v.
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 654 A.2d 280, 282 (Pa. Cmwlth.
1995) (quoting Taylor v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 378 A.2d
829, 832-33 (Pa. 1977)).     A claimant must also make a reasonable effort to
preserve her employment.      Brunswick Hotel & Conference Center, LLC v.
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 906 A.2d 657, 660 (Pa. Cmwlth.
2006).
            In Porco v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 828 A.2d
426, 429-30 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2003), the claimant quit his job due to his manager’s
abusive conduct and profanity. However, the claimant admittedly failed to speak
to any upper level management regarding his circumstances before quitting. We
held that by failing to give his employer the opportunity to resolve the situation,
the claimant failed to take reasonable steps to preserve his employment.
Accordingly, we affirmed the Board’s denial of benefits under Section 402(b).

                                        4
             Whether a person had a necessitous and compelling reason to
voluntarily quit employment is a question of law and subject to this Court’s
review. Middletown Township v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review,
40 A.3d 217, 227 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2012). It is well-settled that, absent an intolerable
work atmosphere, personality conflicts do not amount to a necessitous and
compelling reason for leaving one’s employment. Ann Kearney Astolfi DMD P.C.
v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 995 A.2d 1286, 1290 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2010); Lynn v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, 427 A.2d
736, 737 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1981).
             In Astolfi, the claimant quit her job because of repeated verbal abuse
and for being “yelled” at for taking too much time with her patients by her
employer and other employees.         We found that the claimant demonstrated
“resentment” and “personality conflicts,” but did not demonstrate an intolerable
work environment. In reversing the Board, we held that the claimant did not
establish a necessitous and compelling reason to quit. Astolfi, 995 A.2d at 1290.
             In her brief, Claimant asserts for the first time that Supervisor told her
that team meeting phone calls would be listened to because she did not
communicate enough with team members, and that Supervisor began to “nitpick,
bully and humiliate” Claimant, causing her headaches and affecting her
concentration at work. Claimant has waived these issues because she did not raise
them before the Board. Merida v. Unemployment Compensation Board of Review,
543 A.2d 593, 596 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1988), appeal dismissed, 570 A.2d 1320 (Pa.
1990) (an issue not specifically raised before the Board is waived).
             After careful review of the record, we conclude that the Board’s
findings are supported by substantial evidence. These findings, in turn, support the

                                          5
Board’s conclusion that Claimant did not demonstrate necessitous and compelling
cause for quitting her job.      Moreover, the Board’s finding that Claimant
overreacted and did not act with ordinary common sense in quitting over
Supervisor’s statement is supported by substantial evidence, as is the Board’s
finding that Claimant did not make a reasonable effort to preserve the employment
relationship before quitting. Here, the Board found Claimant did not demonstrate
intolerable working conditions and did not make a reasonable effort to preserve her
employment before quitting. Thus, Claimant failed to meet her burden of proof
under Section 402(b).
            Accordingly, we affirm the Board’s order.

                                      MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge

                                        6
            IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Trina M. Greer-Jefferson,      :
                               : No. 2306 C.D. 2015
                    Petitioner :
                               :
                 v.            :
                               :
Unemployment Compensation      :
Board of Review,               :
                               :
                    Respondent :

                              ORDER

             AND NOW, this 16th day of June, 2016, the order of the
Unemployment Compensation Board of Review, dated October 9, 2015, is
affirmed.

                                __________________________________
                                MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge