Court Opinion

ID: 9396501
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-05-22 19:11:39.985841+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:19:17.486309
License: Public Domain

IN THE INTERMEDIATE COURT OF APPEALS OF WEST VIRGINIA

                                                                              FILED
JOEY A. FIELDS,                                                             May 22, 2023
Claimant Below, Petitioner                                                EDYTHE NASH GAISER, CLERK
                                                                        INTERMEDIATE COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                              OF WEST VIRGINIA
vs.) No. 23-ICA-43          (JCN: 2020018766)

CITY OF NITRO
Employer Below, Respondent

                             MEMORANDUM DECISION

        Petitioner Joey A. Fields appeals the January 4, 2023, order of the Workers’
Compensation Board of Review (“Board”). Respondent City of Nitro filed a timely
response.1 Petitioner did not file a reply. The issue on appeal is whether the Board erred in
affirming the claim administrator’s February 1, 2021, order which denied vocational
rehabilitation services; the March 31, 2021, order closing the claim for temporary total
disability (“TTD”) benefits; and the March 31, 2021, order denying the request to reopen
the claim for TTD benefits.

       This Court has jurisdiction over this appeal pursuant to West Virginia Code § 51-
11-4 (2022). After considering the parties’ arguments, the record on appeal, and the
applicable law, this Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For
these reasons, a memorandum decision affirming the Board’s Order is appropriate under
Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.

       Relevant to this case, it should be noted that Mr. Fields has a history of previous
low back injuries and symptomology related to his right upper extremity. Specifically, Mr.
Fields was previously injured in a work-related incident around June of 2017 and filed a
claim for workers’ compensation benefits. From 2017 through 2019, Mr. Fields sought
treatment for chronic pain in his lumbar spine and his right shoulder. During that time, Mr.
Fields also underwent a microdiscectomy of the right L5-S1 and he was diagnosed with
carpal tunnel syndrome.

       Regarding the instant claim, on February 5, 2020, Mr. Fields was walking up a flight
of stairs when his foot slipped, causing him to fall on his right side. Mr. Fields was
evaluated the next day, and x-rays showed no acute fracture or injuries. He was diagnosed

       1
         Joey A. Fields is represented by Patrick K. Maroney, Esq. City of Nitro is
represented by Steven K. Wellman, Esq. and James W. Heslep, Esq.

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with sprains/strains of the right shoulder and low back. On March 19, 2020, the claim
administrator held the claim compensable for strains/sprains of the right shoulder and
lumbar spine.

        David Soulsby, M.D., examined Mr. Fields on September 2, 2020, and opined that
Mr. Fields’ ongoing low back symptoms were related to his prior disc herniation/surgery
and that little to no aggravation of the compensable injury was apparent. He further opined
that it was questionable whether an acute injury to Mr. Fields’ right shoulder had occurred
and stated his symptoms were more likely due to a cervical spine condition. Dr. Soulsby
concluded that Mr. Fields had reached maximum medical improvement (“MMI”) for the
lumbar spine but not the right shoulder and recommended that he undergo an EMG. The
subsequent EMG revealed moderately severe polyneuropathy in both arms and legs, with
no sign of radiculopathy.

       On October 5, 2020, Randall Short, M.D., was asked to review surveillance footage
of Mr. Fields lifting a pumpkin, attaching a trailer to his truck, placing a compound bow
and arrows into his truck, and manually lifting a garage door. Based upon the footage, Dr.
Short opined that Mr. Fields was able to use his right shoulder with no signs of pain. Dr.
Soulsby also reviewed the footage and issued a report opining that the activities performed
by Mr. Fields were inconsistent with his reports of pain. As such, he opined that Mr. Fields
had also reached MMI with regard to the right shoulder.

       Mr. Fields underwent an MRI later in October of 2020, which revealed a Superior
Labrum Anterior and Posterior (“SLAP”) tear/lesion. On October 30, 2020, the claim
administrator notified Mr. Fields that it would be suspending his TTD benefits and that,
absent further medical evidence that he continued to be disabled, the claim would be
closed.

       In December of 2020, James Cox, D.O., evaluated Mr. Fields, and based on the
MRI, diagnosed him with a SLAP lesion. Dr. Cox recommended surgery to repair the tear.
On January 28, 2021, James M. Dauphin, M.D., reviewed the claim and opined that the
polyneuropathy discovered on the EMG should not be held compensable, stating that the
polyneuropathy was present in both arms and legs and had no relation to the compensable
injuries.

       On February 1, 2021, the claim administrator issued an order denying Mr. Fields
vocational rehabilitation services, finding that further case management services were not
warranted. Mr. Fields completed an application to reopen his claim for TTD benefits, and
Dr. Cox completed the physician’s section. Dr. Cox stated Mr. Fields had been diagnosed
with a SLAP lesion and requested an arthroscopic labrum repair. Dr. Cox opined that Mr.
Fields was temporarily and totally disabled from February 8, 2020, through present.

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       Syam B. Stoll, M.D., performed an independent medical evaluation (“IME”) of Mr.
Fields on February 18, 2021. Dr. Stoll opined that Mr. Fields’ mechanism of injury was
inconsistent with a SLAP tear/lesion and that the diagnosis should not be added to the
claim. He further opined that, as such, a right shoulder arthroscopy and labral repair was
not necessary to treat the compensable conditions in the claim. Lastly, Dr. Stoll indicated
that, upon his review of the surveillance footage, it was his opinion that there was no
evidence of any physical limitations or pain behavior regarding Mr. Field’s right shoulder.
Dr. Short also authored a report indicating that the SLAP tear should not be added to the
claim, nor should the arthroscopic labral tear repair be authorized.

       On March 31, 2021, the claim administrator issued an order notifying Mr. Fields
that because he had submitted no further evidence demonstrating that he continued to be
disabled, his TTD benefits were closed. The claim administrator issued a second order
denying Mr. Fields’ request to reopen the claim for TTD benefits, noting that he failed to
disclose a progression or aggravation of the compensable conditions. The claim
administrator also denied authorization for an arthroscopic labrum tear repair based upon
the reports of Drs. Soulsby, Short, and Stoll, stating that the SLAP tear was not a
compensable condition in the claim. Nevertheless, Mr. Fields proceeded with the surgery
and filed a grievance with the Encova Select Grievance Board, which also recommended
against authorizing the arthroscopic labrum tear. Thus, in April of 2021, the claim
administrator affirmed its March 31, 2021, orders.

        On August 11, 2021, Mr. Fields testified via deposition. Mr. Fields contested the
surveillance footage’s interpretation by Drs. Short, Soulsby, and Stoll. Mr. Fields stated he
had been restricted to lifting ten pounds or more and that he most often had pain and
difficulty with overhead movements. Mr. Fields stated the pumpkin he lifted weighed
approximately seven pounds and that after lifting it, he rested it on the side of his shopping
cart. Mr. Fields further denied that he was going hunting with a crossbow, stating that he
simply retrieved the bow from the home for his stepson and placed it in his vehicle. Mr.
Fields opined that the crossbow weighed approximately seven or eight pounds. He also
denied hooking a trailer to his truck, claiming that he was standing next to the truck talking
to a friend.

       On July 5, 2022, Marsha Lee Bailey, M.D., performed an IME on Mr. Fields and
found that the diagnoses of lumbar sprain and right shoulder sprain were a result of the
compensable injury. Dr. Bailey opined that Mr. Fields’ current right shoulder symptoms
predated his compensable injury by over two years, with consistent reports and treatment
occurring between September of 2017 and September of 2019—only five months before
the compensable injury. As such, Dr. Bailey stated Mr. Fields “long ago reached MMI for
his compensable lumbar and right shoulder sprains and no treatment of any kind is
medically necessary.”

                                              3
       On January 4, 2023, the Board issued an order addressing several issues. Relevant
to this appeal, the Board addressed (1) the claim administrator’s denying Mr. Fields
vocational rehabilitation services, (2) the claim administrator’s closing the claim for TTD
benefits, and (3) the claim administrator’s denying Mr. Fields’ request to reopen the claim
for TTD benefits.2 Here, the Board affirmed each of the claim administrator’s decisions
regarding these issues. The Board affirmed the denial of vocational rehabilitation services
to Mr. Fields, noting that he proceeded with a shoulder surgery (that was not authorized by
the claim administrator) and had presented no evidence that he had been released to
participate in services after that surgery. Regarding TTD benefits, the Board affirmed the
claim administrator’s order closing the claim on the basis that Mr. Fields had reached MMI
with regard to his compensable lumbar strain and right shoulder strain on September 2,
2020, and October 15, 2020, respectively. While Dr. Cox opined that Mr. Fields was
temporarily and totally disabled from February 8, 2020, through January of 2021, the Board
found that he did so based upon the SLAP lesion, which was not compensable. Further,
another doctor stated Mr. Fields was temporarily and totally disabled on the basis of
chronic regional pain syndrome, which was also not compensable in the claim. As such,
there was no evidence presented that demonstrated that Mr. Fields continued to be
temporarily and totally disabled due to his lumbar and right shoulder sprain/strains, and the
Board determined that the closure of the claim was proper. Lastly, the Board found that the
claim administrator properly denied the request to reopen the claim because the request
was based on the SLAP lesion/tear and not the compensable conditions. Mr. Fields now
appeals.

        Our standard of review is set forth in West Virginia Code § 23-5-12a(b) (2022), in
part, as follows:

       The Intermediate Court of Appeals may affirm the order or decision of the
       Workers’ Compensation Board of Review or remand the case for further
       proceedings. It shall reverse, vacate, or modify the order or decision of the
       Workers’ Compensation Board of Review, if the substantial rights of the
       petitioner or petitioners have been prejudiced because the Board of Review’s
       findings are:
       (1) In violation of statutory provisions;
       (2) In excess of the statutory authority or jurisdiction of the Board of Review;
       (3) Made upon unlawful procedures;
       (4) Affected by other error of law;
       (5) Clearly wrong in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence
       on the whole record; or

       2
        Mr. Fields is not appealing the portions of the Board’s order relating to the claim
administrator’s denying the addition of chronic regional pain syndrome to the claim and
denying a referral to a specialist for polyneuropathy.
                                              4
       (6) Arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly
       unwarranted exercise of discretion.

Duff v. Kanawha Cnty. Comm’n, 247 W. Va. 550, __, 882 S.E.2d 916, 921 (Ct. App. 2022).

       On appeal, Mr. Fields argues that the Board failed to consider and properly weigh
the evidence regarding his TTD benefits and continued treatment. According to Mr. Fields,
Dr. Soulsby initially found that Mr. Fields had not reached MMI with regard to his right
shoulder and recommended that he undergo an MRI, stating that further treatment could
not be determined at that time. Subsequently, the MRI revealed a SLAP tear/lesion in Mr.
Fields’ shoulder, and Dr. Cox opined that it would not heal without surgery. Mr. Fields
contends that, based on this evidence, he should have been entitled to further TTD benefits
and further medical treatment.

       Upon our review, we find that the Board was not clearly wrong in affirming the
claim administrator’s orders. We first address Mr. Fields’ argument that the Board erred in
affirming the claim administrator’s orders closing the claim for TTD benefits and denying
the request to reopen the claim for TTD benefits. Pursuant to West Virginia Code § 23-4-
7a (2005), a claimant’s entitlement to TTD benefits will cease when he or she has reached
MMI, has been released to return to work, or has returned to work, whichever occurs first.
In order to reopen a claim for TTD benefits, a claimant must show an aggravation or
progression of a compensable condition or facts not previously considered. See West
Virginia Code § 23-5-2 (2005) and § 23-5-3 (2021).

        Here, Mr. Fields reached MMI for his lumbar strain/sprain in September of 2020,
and for his right shoulder strain/sprain in October of 2020. Thereafter, the claim
administrator issued a notice indicating that it would be closing the claim for TTD benefits
unless further evidence of Mr. Fields’ continued disability was presented. Subsequently,
no evidence was presented that Mr. Fields continued to be disabled due to his lumbar
strain/sprain or his right shoulder strain sprain. As such, we find that there was no error in
closing the claim for TTD benefits.

        Moreover, while Mr. Fields attempted to have the claim reopened for TTD benefits,
Dr. Cox attributed his continued disability to his SLAP tear/lesion and not the compensable
strains/sprains. Drs. Stoll and Short opined that the tear/lesion was not consistent with the
mechanism of injury and should not be added to the instant claim, and Dr. Bailey opined
that Mr. Fields’ shoulder symptoms predated the injury and that he had reached MMI for
his compensable injuries. Accordingly, we find that the request to reopen the claim for
TTD benefits was properly denied when the SLAP tear/lesion was not attributable to the
compensable injury and had not been added as a condition in the claim.

      Furthermore, while Mr. Fields claims he is entitled to more treatment, we note that
because the SLAP tear/lesion is not attributable to the compensable injury, Mr. Fields is

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not entitled to medical treatment for that condition as it is not medically related or
reasonable. See W. Va. Code § 23-4-3(a)(1) (2005) (directing that providers of workers’
compensation benefits “shall disburse and pay for personal injuries to the employees who
are entitled to the benefits . . . [s]ums for health care services, rehabilitation services,
durable medical and other goods and other supplies and medically related items as may be
reasonably required.”).

       To the extent that Mr. Fields raises issues with the doctors’ interpretation of the
surveillance footage in reaching their decisions, we note that the Board considered both
their opinions and Mr. Fields’ deposition testimony explaining his actions in the
surveillance footage, and ultimately found the reports of the doctors to be more credible.
Credibility determinations are exclusively reserved for the trier of fact. See Martin v.
Randolph Cnty Bd. of Educ., 195 W. Va. 297, 306, 465 S.E.2d 399, 408 (1995) (“We cannot
overlook the role that credibility places in factual determinations, a matter reserved
exclusively for the trier of fact. We must defer to the ALJ’s credibility determinations and
inferences from the evidence . . . .”). Given that the Board’s conclusions are adequately
supported by the evidence of record, we decline to disturb its reliance upon the opinions of
the medical professionals over Mr. Fields’ explanation of his actions.

       Lastly, we dispense with Mr. Fields’ assignment of error that the Board erred in
affirming the claim administrator’s decision denying vocational rehabilitation services as
he provides no argument regarding this issue. Rule 10(c)(7) of the West Virginia Rules of
Appellate Procedure requires, in relevant part, that “[t]he argument must contain
appropriate and specific citations to the record on appeal, including citations that pinpoint
when and how the issues in the assignments of error were presented to the lower tribunal.”
Here, Mr. Fields cites to no portion of the record demonstrating that he was unable to return
to work due to his compensable injuries or that a medical professional indicated that he
was a candidate for vocational rehabilitation services. Accordingly, Mr. Fields is entitled
to no relief in this regard.

       For the foregoing reasons, we find that the Board’s decision is not in violation of
any statutory provision, nor clearly wrong in light of the evidence, nor characterized by an
abuse of discretion. Therefore, we affirm the Board’s January 4, 2023, order.

                                                                                  Affirmed.
ISSUED: May 22, 2023

CONCURRED IN BY:

Chief Judge Daniel W. Greear
Judge Charles O. Lorensen

Judge Thomas E. Scarr, not participating
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