Court Opinion

ID: 4650206
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-01-08 21:00:23.491294+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:01:31.487482
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                               JAN 8 2021
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                         MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                            U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

D. W., a minor, by and through her               No.   19-55674
guardian ad litem Jessica Martinez,
individually and as successor in interest to     D.C. No.
Sergio Weick; L. W., minor, by and               3:17-cv-01459-WQH-AGS
through their guardian ad litem Magdalena
Lugo, individually and as successors in
interest to Sergio Weick; E. W., minor, by       MEMORANDUM*
and through their guardian ad litem
Magdalena Lugo, individually and as
successors in interest to Sergio Weick;
CRUZ WEICK, an individual; STEVEN
NEIL WEICK, an individual,

              Plaintiffs-Appellants,

 v.

COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO, an entity;
PETER MYERS, an individual;
CHRISTOPHER VILLANUEVA, an
individual,

              Defendants-Appellees.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Southern District of California
                    William Q. Hayes, District Judge, Presiding

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
                          Submitted November 17, 2020**
                              Pasadena, California

Before: FERNANDEZ and PAEZ, Circuit Judges, and TIGAR,*** District Judge.

      Sergio Weick’s (hereafter, “Sergio”) children and parents, D.W., L.W.,

E.W., Cruz Weick, and Steven Neil Weick (hereafter collectively, the “Weicks”),

appeal from the district court’s order granting summary judgment in favor of the

County of San Diego, Deputy Sheriff Peter Myers, and Deputy Sheriff Christopher

Villanueva. The Weicks alleged civil rights violations under 42 U.S.C. § 1983

after Myers and Villanueva (hereafter collectively, the “Deputies”) fatally shot

Sergio.1 We affirm.

      (1) “‘Excessive force claims . . . are evaluated for objective reasonableness

based upon the information the officers had when the conduct occurred.’” County

of Los Angeles v. Mendez, __ U.S. __, __, 137 S. Ct. 1539, 1546–47, 198 L. Ed. 2d

52 (2017).

      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      ***
            The Honorable Jon S. Tigar, United States District Judge for the
Northern District of California, sitting by designation.
      1
        The Weicks also asserted state law claims, over which the district court
declined to exercise supplemental jurisdiction. They waived review of that
declination by not arguing that we should direct the district court to consider those
claims. See Smith v. Marsh, 194 F.3d 1045, 1052 (9th Cir. 1999).
                                          2
      The Deputies had information that Sergio was armed with a sawed-off

shotgun and had said that he refused to go back to prison. They stated that they

shot Sergio after he ignored Myers’s commands to show his hands and instead

reached for his waistband and pulled at something there.

      Because Sergio cannot testify, we “‘must carefully examine all the evidence

in the record . . . to determine whether the [Deputies’] story is internally consistent

and consistent with other known facts,’” including “‘circumstantial evidence that,

if believed, would tend to discredit the . . . story.’” Cruz v. City of Anaheim, 765

F.3d 1076, 1079 (9th Cir. 2014). We have done so and are satisfied that no

rational trier of fact could find in favor of the Weicks based on the evidence.2

      Pursuant to the Deputies’ explanations, they were justified in using deadly

force in the circumstances facing them.3 See id. at 1077–78; see also George v.

Morris, 736 F.3d 829, 838 (9th Cir. 2013); cf. S.B. v. County of San Diego, 864

F.3d 1010, 1014 (9th Cir. 2017). Moreover, taken in context, Myers’s statement

given shortly after the shooting that “[h]e does not remember shooting” was not

materially inconsistent with the rest of that statement or with his later statements.

      2
       Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380, 127 S. Ct. 1769, 1776, 167 L. Ed. 2d
686 (2007).
      3
        While the use of force by Villanueva may not be as clearly justified as it
was for the force used by Myers, the difference does not ultimately change our
conclusion under all of the circumstances.
                                           3
Cf. Cruz, 765 F.3d at 1079–80 (determining that there was evidence that could

reasonably raise a doubt regarding credibility of the deputies). Nor does the

evidence indicate that the Deputies continued shooting after the threat from Sergio

plainly ended. Thus, neither of the Deputies violated Sergio’s constitutional rights.

      (2) To establish that Myers and Villanueva violated their Fourteenth

Amendment substantive due process right of familial association, because Sergio

was evading arrest, the Weicks were required to prove that the Deputies acted with

a “purpose . . . to harm” Sergio “for reasons unrelated to legitimate law

enforcement objectives.” Porter v. Osborn, 546 F.3d 1131, 1140 (9th Cir. 2008).

Summary judgment against the Weicks was proper because they have not pointed

to any evidence that Myers or Villanueva had any unrelated reason to harm Sergio.

See Wilkinson v. Torres, 610 F.3d 546, 554 (9th Cir. 2010).

      (3) A county may be liable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 if its policy or custom

causes the violation of a person’s constitutional rights. Monell v. Dep’t of Soc.

Servs., 436 U.S. 658, 694, 98 S. Ct. 2018, 2037–38, 56 L. Ed. 2d 611 (1978).

Summary judgment in favor of the County of San Diego was proper because the

Weicks failed to raise a triable issue regarding Myers or Villanueva’s use of force.

See Bravo v. City of Santa Maria, 665 F.3d 1076, 1090–91 (9th Cir. 2011).

      AFFIRMED.

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