Court Opinion

ID: 4648841
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-01-04 18:12:10.446034+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:01:18.989305
License: Public Domain

J-A24022-20

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

 IN RE: ESTATE OF WILLIAM F.               :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
 SULLIVAN, JR., A/K/A WILLIAM F.           :        PENNSYLVANIA
 SULLIVAN, III, AN INCAPACITATED           :
 PERSON                                    :
                                           :
                                           :
 APPEAL OF: JAMES GIUNTA,                  :
 GUARDIAN                                  :
                                           :   No. 231 WDA 2020

             Appeal from the Order Entered January 23, 2020
   In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County Orphans' Court at
                          No(s): 02-84-R-2373

BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., McLAUGHLIN, J., and MUSMANNO, J.

MEMORANDUM BY McLAUGHLIN, J.:                      FILED JANUARY 04, 2021

      James Giunta, in his role as guardian of the person of William F. Sullivan,

Jr., an incapacitated person, appeals from the orphans’ court’s order granting

Appellee PNC Bank’s Petition for Allowance to Consent to Donation Agreement

(“Donation Petition”). We affirm.

      Sullivan, an only child, is currently in his mid-60s. He suffers from

various neurological conditions and requires 24-hour care. In 1984, he was

declared an incapacitated person. When Sullivan’s mother died in 2018,

Giunta was appointed as guardian of Sullivan’s person. Sullivan’s guardianship

estate (“Estate”) has a current market value of approximately $7,985,000,

from which his monthly care expenses of approximately $20,816 are paid.

PNC Bank acts as the permanent plenary guardian of the Estate.

      Sullivan’s father, who also predeceased him, left him substantial assets

via the William Sullivan, Sr., marital trust (“Trust”). Sullivan is the sole
J-A24022-20

beneficiary of the Trust and PNC Bank is the trustee. The Trust holds the sole

ownership interest in Pittsburgh Penn Center Business Trust (“PPCBT”). PPCBT

owns many parcels of land in Allegheny County. Several of the parcels have

already been sold. At issue in this case are five parcels of undeveloped

property (“Parcels”), owned by PPCBT, in North Versailles Township, Allegheny

County.

      In April 2019, PNC Bank filed the Donation Petition seeking court

approval of a donation agreement, which would allow the Trust, via PPCBT, to

donate the Parcels to North Versailles Township, but retain the Parcels’ oil and

gas rights (“Donation Agreement”). Attached to the Donation Petition was an

appraisal of the Parcels, done by an appraiser hired by PNC Bank, valuing the

Parcels in total at $157,500. PNC Bank also submitted the tax assessment

value of the Parcels, as determined by Allegheny County, at $142,400. In its

Donation Petition, PNC Bank contended that the Parcels had little to no actual

market value but cost the Trust approximately $7,800 in taxes each year with

no offsetting income. Giunta did not file a response to PNC Bank’s petition.

      The orphans’ court conducted a hearing regarding the Donation Petition

in December 2019. The court summarized the testimony as follows:

      Lynn DeLorenzo, a principal with the commercial real estate firm
      Tarquincore, stated that her firm has an exclusive listing
      agreement to sell the parcels of land, which was signed in January
      2018. In attempting to sell the parcels, her company contacted
      property owners who owned land around the parcels. None of
      them were interested in purchasing the parcels. Ms. DeLorenzo
      described the parcels in great detail as follows: Parcel No. 1 is 55
      acres of very steep hillside that runs along the river and is covered
      with trees and vegetation; Parcel No. 2 is 5,299 square feet of

                                      -2-
J-A24022-20

      residential land, with power lines running through it; Parcel No. 5
      is 11.07 acres of densely wooded residential land with a cell phone
      tower constructed on it and a pipeline underneath it; and, Parcels
      No. 15 and 17, which are contiguous, are very steep wooded
      hillsides with a ravine in the rear. (Exhibits 1-5) With regard to
      residential development in North Versailles, Ms. DeLorenzo noted
      that it has been at least 15 years since a new home was built in
      the Township. (N.T. 12/09/19, pp. 7-20) While the assessed value
      of the properties is $142,000, Ms. DeLorenzo opined that the
      properties have no value and she does not believe that any further
      marketing will result in the sale of the properties. (N.T. 12/09/19,
      pp. 20-21, 39)

             Alan Wagner, the Code Enforcement Officer for the
      Township, testified that development in the Township is “very
      difficult” and there has not been any new construction in many,
      many years. He stated that the five parcels in question are not
      developable, even though tax abatements are available, although
      he hopes to use the parcels that are next to existing parks to
      develop trails or green space. (N.T. 12/09/19, pp. 41-45)

            Daniel Bunner, who is the Vice-President and Secretary of
      Sullivan Companies, which is an asset of the Trust, agrees with
      the Donation Agreement. He stated that the carrying costs for the
      properties are $7,500-$8,000/year. He further stated that the
      Donation Agreement reserves the oil and gas rights. (N.T.
      12/09/19, pp. 51-56, 69)

Orphans’ Ct. Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Op., 3/13/20, at 2-3.

      Giunta appeared with counsel at the December hearing. Giunta’s

counsel did not present any evidence but did cross-examine PNC Bank’s

witnesses. As noted by the orphans’ court, Giunta’s main line of inquiry

concerned whether the Parcels indeed had no marketable value, the efforts

PNC Bank had made to sell the Parcels, and whether the proposed donation

would result in any tax benefits for the Trust. See id. at 2.

                                     -3-
J-A24022-20

      The court issued an order on January 23, 2020, granting PNC Bank’s

Donation Petition. Giunta filed the instant timely appeal and both Giunta and

the orphans’ court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.

      Giunta raises the following issues for review:

         1. Did the orphans’ court commit legal error when it ignored
         PNC’s judicial admissions of the assessed and appraised
         value of the subject properties, $157,500 and $142,400
         respectively, and permitted PNC to contradict its own
         judicial admissions with lay opinion testimony in
         determining that the subject properties could be donated
         because they have “no value”?

         2. Was the orphans’ court decision that the subject
         properties have “no value” supported by the evidence,
         which showed that after spending only a few months
         actively trying to sell the properties, appraised at $157,500,
         and without making any effort to pursue other income
         producing or cost reducing measures for the subject
         properties, PNC merely gave up and sought to give trust
         property away?

Giunta’s Br. at 3.

      When we review an orphans’ court decree we employ a deferential

standard of review and “must determine whether the record is free from legal

error and the court’s factual findings are supported by the evidence.” In re

Fiedler, 132 A.3d 1010, 1018 (Pa.Super. 2016) (en banc) (citation omitted).

Further, because the orphans’ court sits as the fact-finder, we will not reverse

credibility determinations absent an abuse of discretion. Id. “However, we are

not constrained to give the same deference to any resulting legal conclusions.”

Id. (citation omitted).

                                     -4-
J-A24022-20

      In his first issue, Giunta argues that the orphans’ court erred by

determining that the Parcels had “no value” due to PNC Bank’s alleged judicial

admission to the contrary. Giunta points to both the appraisal attached to PNC

Bank’s Donation Petition, appraising the Parcels as worth $157,500, and the

county assessment of the Parcels as worth $142,400, and contends that the

court should have deemed those values as dispositive. Accordingly, Giunta

maintains that the court erred by crediting the testimony presented by PNC

Bank regarding the difficulty in marketing and selling the Parcels and the

testimony setting forth the resulting conclusion that the Parcels had little to

no marketable value.

      “[I]t is well settled that the admissibility of evidence is a determination

left to the sound discretion of the trial court, and it will not be overturned

absent an abuse of discretion or misapplication of law.” In re Fiedler, 132

A.3d at 1025 (internal quotation and citations omitted). Further, it is axiomatic

that relevant evidence is generally admissible but may be excluded if its

probative value is outweighed by prejudice. See Pa.R.E. 402, 403. Relevant

evidence is evidence having “any tendency to make a fact more or less

probable than it would be without the evidence.” Pa.R.E. 401.

      A judicial admission is a statement that is “a clear and unequivocal

admission of fact.” Koziar v. Rayner, 200 A.3d 513, 521 (Pa.Super. 2018)

(citation omitted). “Judicial admissions are limited in scope to factual matters

otherwise requiring evidentiary proof, and are exclusive of legal theories and

conclusions of law.” Id. (citation omitted). Furthermore, “[w]hen there is

                                      -5-
J-A24022-20

uncertainty surrounding a conceded fact, it is the role of the judge or jury as

fact finder to determine which facts have been adequately proved and which

must be rejected.” Id. at 522 (citation omitted). A principal element of a

judicial admission “is that the fact has been admitted for the advantage of the

admitting party.” Id. (citation omitted) Moreover, a pleading must be viewed

as a whole and an averment must be “viewed in the context of the remaining

allegations and damages sought to be recouped.” Branton v. Nicholas Meat,

LLC, 159 A.3d 540, 557 (Pa.Super. 2017). (citation omitted).

      In this case, PNC Bank’s inclusion of an appraisal in its Donation Petition

and reference to the municipality’s tax assessment does not constitute a

judicial admission to one of the ultimate issues PNC Bank sought to prove, the

value of the Parcels. See Koziar, 200 A.3d at 521-22. Viewing PNC Bank’s

pleading as a whole, as we must, the appraisal and assessed value are but

one piece to the puzzle regarding the value of the Parcels to the Trust. See

Branton, 159 A.3d at 557. To this end, the court was well within its purview

to admit evidence regarding the ability of the Parcels to be sold in the current

real estate market in North Versailles County and the potential for sale in the

future. See In re Fiedler, 132 A.3d at 1025. This evidence was certainly

relevant regarding the value of the Parcels. See Pa.R.E. 401, 403. Therefore,

we conclude that Giunta’s first issue lacks merit.

      In his second issue, Giunta contends that the orphans’ court’s decision

to grant PNC Bank’s Donation Petition was against the weight of the evidence.

Giunta argues that DeLorenzo only marketed the Parcels for a few months

                                      -6-
J-A24022-20

before deciding that they had “no value” and would be best donated. Further,

he alleges that PNC Bank never properly investigated or accounted for any

offsetting income producing uses of the Parcels such as timbering or the

harvesting of oil and gas. Giunta also avers that PNC Bank failed to pursue a

tax appeal to lower the assessed value of the Parcels. According to Giunta,

this is significant because PNC Bank has pointed to the yearly tax liability of

approximately $7,800 as the critical factor weighing on the side of donating

the Parcels. Lastly, Giunta asserts that PNC Bank’s action in agreeing to the

donation of the Parcels violates its fiduciary duty pursuant to the prudent

investor rule as set forth under 20 Pa.C.S.A. § 7203.

      When reviewing a weight of the evidence claim, our standard of review

is limited:

         [a]ppellate review of a weight claim is a review of the [trial court’s]
         exercise of discretion, not of the underlying question of whether the
         verdict is against the weight of the evidence. Because the trial judge
         has had the opportunity to hear and see the evidence presented, an
         appellate court will give the gravest consideration to the findings and
         reasons advanced by the trial judge when reviewing a trial court’s
         determination that the verdict is against the weight of the evidence.
         One of the least assailable reasons for granting or denying a new trial
         is lower court’s conviction that the verdict was or was not against the
         weight of the evidence and that a new trial should be granted in the
         interest of justice.

In re Estate of Smaling, 80 A.3d 485, 490 (Pa.Super. 2013) (en banc)

(quoting Commonwealth v. Clay, 64 A.3d 1049, 1055 (Pa. 2013)).

      Moreover, in orphans’ court matters, if an appellant raises a weight

claim in a timely filed Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement, the claim is preserved for

                                     -7-
J-A24022-20

appellate review. Id. at 491-92. Here, Giunta has preserved his weight claim

by raising it in his Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement.

      The orphans’ court found Giunta’s weight claim meritless in its Rule

1925(a) opinion for the following reasons:

            First, the evidence was clear and unequivocal that the five
      parcels of land are of no value. They are steep hillsides, densely
      wooded, and contain impediments, such as power lines, a cell
      phone tower, and an underground pipeline.

           Second, the properties were vigorously marketed for almost
      two years without any interest, not even a lowball offer.

            Third, the properties with no value are costing the Trust
      $7,500-$8,000/year in carrying costs and not producing any
      income to offset the costs. Moreover, as the Donation Agreement
      reserves the mineral rights, it is possible that the properties could
      produce an income in the future without continuing to incur
      property tax liability.

            Fourth, as the fair market value of the Guardianship estate
      is almost $ 8,000,000, even if there is a small tax liability incurred
      in donating the land, the estate will benefit in the long run by not
      continuing to pay the carrying costs.

Orphans’ Ct. Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) Op. at 4.

      We discern no abuse of discretion in the orphans’ court’s decision to

grant PNC Banks’s Donation Petition. The orphans’ court properly credited the

testimony of DeLorenzo concerning the topographical challenges of the Parcels

and her unsuccessful efforts toward marketing the Parcels. See In re Fiedler,

132 A.3d at 1018. In addition, the court aptly noted that the Donation

Agreement reserved the mineral rights to the Parcels, so those income rights

remained with PPCBT regardless of the donation of the Parcels. Moreover, the

                                      -8-
J-A24022-20

court emphasized that eliminating the carrying costs incurred by maintaining

the Parcels would benefit the Trust over the long term regardless of the

relatively minor tax implications. Hence, Giunta’s weight of the evidence claim

does not warrant relief. See In re Estate of Smaling, 80 A.3d at 490.

      Next, we note the Giunta presents argument regarding PNC Bank’s

alleged failure to act as a “prudent” fiduciary in the argument section of both

of his issues on appeal, yet does not specifically reference this argument in

his questions presented on appeal. This constitutes a violation of the

Pennsylvania Rules of Appellate Procedure. See Pa.R.A.P. 2119(a) (“The

argument shall be divided into as many parts as there are questions to be

argued; and shall have at the head of each part--in distinctive type or in type

distinctively displayed--the particular point treated therein, followed by such

discussion and citation of authorities as are deemed pertinent”). However,

because our review is not impeded, we do not find this issue waived. Also,

PNC Bank contends that we should find Giunta’s fiduciary argument waived

due to his failure to specifically include it in his Rule 1925(b) statement. See

Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)(4)(ii) (“The Statement shall concisely identify each error

that the appellant intends to assert with sufficient detail to identify the issue

to be raised for the judge”). However, we conclude that Giunta’s Rule 1925(b)

statement was sufficient to include this issue as he asserted the donation of

the Parcels was “inconsistent with applicable law.” Accordingly, we once again

decline to find waiver.

                                      -9-
J-A24022-20

      In any event, we conclude that Giunta’s claim regarding the prudent

investor rule to be devoid of merit. Section 7203 provides “[a] fiduciary shall

invest and manage property held in a trust as a prudent investor would, by

considering the purposes, terms and other circumstances of the trust and by

pursuing an overall investment strategy reasonably suited to the trust.” 20

Pa.C.S.A. § 7203. As noted above, the court properly found that the donation

of the Parcels to be within the overall best interests of the Trust. Therefore,

we conclude that Giunta’s argument regarding PNC Bank’s alleged failure to

act as a prudent fiduciary by consenting to the Donation Agreement must fail.

      Order affirmed.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 1/4/2021

                                    - 10 -