Court Opinion

ID: 9894873
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-11-03 15:07:17.861731+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:10:54.031667
License: Public Domain

STATE OF LOUISIANA

                             COURT OF APPEAL

                               FIRST CIRCUIT

                               NO. 2023 CA 0549

                      WESLEY SINCLAIR RICKS 499599

                                    VERSUS

   STATE OF LOUISIANA, LOUISIANA DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE,
  LOUISIANA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HOSPITALS/ VITAL
                                   RECORDS

                                     Judgment Rendered:      NOV Q 3 2023

                               Appealed from the
                           19th Judicial District Court
                    In and for the Parish of East Baton Rouge
                               State of Louisiana
                               Docket No. 721497

             The Honorable Donald R. Johnson, Judge Presiding

Wesley Ricks                                Plaintiff/Appellant Pro Se
Angola, Louisiana

Elizabeth B. Desselle                       Counsel for Defendant/Appellee,
Baton Rouge, Louisiana                      Louisiana Department of Public
                                            Safety and Corrections

          BEFORE: McCLENDON, HESTER, AND MILLER, JJ.
MILLER, J.

      Wesley Sinclair Ricks appeals the district court' s judgment dismissing his

petition for judicial review, with prejudice. For the following reasons, we affirm.

                    FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

      Wesley Sinclair Ricks (" Ricks") is an offender in the legal custody of the

Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections (" the Department"). Ricks

was convicted of five counts of aggravated rape and four counts of cruelty to

juveniles. On April 8, 2014, he was sentenced to five life sentences, without the

benefit of probation, parole, or suspension of sentence. He was also sentenced to

four ten-year sentences.

      On March 28, 2022, Ricks executed an Administrative Remedy Procedure

  ARP") complaint. Ricks contended that he was a prisoner at the Louisiana State

Penitentiary; the Louisiana State Penitentiary did not have any indictment,

information, or affidavit in its possession showing that Ricks was legally charged

with any offense or crime under Louisiana law; any indictment, information, or

affidavit pertaining to Ricks that was a result of fraud or forgery should be

withdrawn; the administrative remedy procedure was proper; the Twentieth Judicial

District Court (" 20th JDC")   had subject matter jurisdiction to grant the relief

requested; and there was an error in his time computation. Ricks requested any

indictment, information, affidavit, or documentary evidence that was fraudulent or
                                                                   20th

forged to be furnished to him and requested a hearing before the          JDC. Ricks' s

ARP complaint was received by the Legal Programs Department on April 8, 2022,

and it was assigned case number LSP -2022- 0795 (" ARP No. LSP -2022- 0795").

       On May 4, 2022, a " First Step Response Form" was prepared by the " ARDC

Specialist III" and signed by the " Unit Head." The form stated that Ricks filed an

Administrative Remedy to request relief of his conviction from the 20th JDC but his

conviction was obtained in the Fourth Judicial District Court (" 4th JDC"). The form

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concluded that there is no relief to be sought in the 20th JDC, so Ricks' s request for

relief was denied. On May 5, 2022, Ricks received the " First Step Response Form"

regarding his request for remedy under ARP No. LSP -2022- 0795. He indicated that

he was not satisfied with the response and. wished to proceed to Step Two. Ricks

contended that the 0 JDC exceeded its jurisdiction and the 20th JDC has subject

matter jurisdiction of the offenses charged. The Corrections Services Office received

Ricks' s request to proceed to Step Two on June 23, 2022. The " Second Step

Response Form"    indicated that Ricky' s request was adequately addressed at the first

step and his request for relief was denied.

      On July 22, 2022, Ricks filed a petition for judicial review in the Nineteenth

Judicial District Court (" 19" JDC"). Ricks sought review of the Department' s final

decision under the Louisiana Corrections Administrative Remedy Procedure Act

  CARP"),   La. R.S.   15: 1171, et seq.   Ricks argued that his custody was illegal

because the State of Louisiana was without any affidavit, indictment, or information

in its possession showing that Ricks was lawfully charged with any crime under

Louisiana law, that he was subjected to " false imprisonment," and that he should be

released from custody. Ricks demanded that the district court grant a writ of habeas

corpus, review the State of Louisiana' s evidence, permit Ricks to testify on the

record, and order Ricks' s release from custody.

       On August 8, 2022, the district court issued a mandamus service order, which

ordered the Department to file a response to Ricks' s mandamus request. Thereafter,

the Department filed an answer, which generally denied Ricks' s allegations and

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requested that Ricks' s writ of mandamus to be dismissed.' The Department also filed

the administrative record of ARP No. LSP -2022- 0795 into the district court record

       On February 9,        2023, the commissioner of the district court3 issued its

recommendation to dismiss Ricks' s petition for judicial review, with prejudice, at

Ricks' s costs. The commissioner found that the district court had no authority or

jurisdiction to overturn or vacate a presumably valid sentence imposed by a criminal

sentencing court. After a de novo review of the entire record, together with any

traversal timely filed, the district court adopted the recommendation of the

commissioner and dismissed Ricks' s petition for judicial review, with prejudice, at

Ricks' s costs. The judgment was signed by the district court on March 21, 2023.

Ricks appealed. In his assignment of error, Ricks contends that the bill of indictment

filed on January 24, 2013, along with his convictions and sentences resulting from

the indictment, are null and void because the offenses of aggravated rape and cruelty

to juveniles may not be joined under the Louisiana Code of Criminal Procedure.

       I The caption of Ricks' s petition for judicial review states that the defendants are the State
of Louisiana, the Louisiana Department of Justice, and the Louisiana Department of Health and
Hospitals/ Vital Records. Within the petition for judicial review, Ricks listed John Bel Edwards,
Governor of the State of Louisiana, and Jeffrey Landry, Attorney General for the State of
Louisiana, as defendants. However, La. R.S. 15: 1177( A)( 1)( b) provides, in part, that the only
proper party defendant is the Department of Public Safety and Corrections when seeking judicial
review of an administrative decision, excluding decisions relative to delictual actions for injury or
damages, rendered pursuant to any administrative remedy procedures under this Part. Therefore,
the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections is the correct defendant in this case.

       2 Ricks made various filings into the 19th JDC record, including a motion to suppress, two
motions for relief from the judgment, two motions for in camera inspection, two petitions for writ
of habeas corpus, a motion for appointment of counsel, a motion to subpoena, three motions to
compel discovery, a motion to alter or amend the judgment, two motions for speedy trial, a motion
to transfer, motion for evidentiary hearing and order to produce, a motion to compel extradition, a
special motion for enforcement order, a motion for more definite statement of answer, and a motion
for writ of certiorari.   The district court did not take any action on these filings, and the
commissioner noted that these filings are more suited for an ordinary suit and not one for judicial
review because the district court in its appellate review capacity does not subpoena witnesses or
entertain evidence not contained in the administrative record.

       3 The office of the commissioner of the 19th JDC was created by La. R. S. 13: 711 to hear
and recommend disposition of criminal and civil proceedings arising out of the incarceration of
state prisoners. The commissioner' s written findings and recommendations are submitted to a
district judge, who may accept, reject, or modify them. Hakim-El-Mumit v. Stalder, 2003- 2549
 La. App. 1" Cir. 10129104), 897 So. 2d 112, 113 n. 1.

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                                 LAW AND DISCUSSION

          Louisiana Revised Statutes 15: 1177 provides for judicial review of an adverse

final administrative decision by the Department. Section 1171( B) grants authority to

the Department and to each sheriff to adopt administrative remedy procedures in

compliance with federal law to receive, hear, and dispose of all offender complaints

and grievances. Louisiana Revised Statutes 15: 1171( B) further provides, in pertinent

part:

          Such complaints and grievances include but are not limited to any and
          all claims seeking monetary, injunctive, declaratory, or any other form
          of relief authorized by law and by way of illustration includes actions
          pertaining to conditions of confinement, personal injuries, medical
          malpractice, time computations, even though urged as a writ of habeas
          corpus, or challenges to rules, regulations, policies, or statutes. Such
          administrative   procedures,     when        promulgated,   shall   provide   the

          exclusive remedy available to the offender for complaints or grievances
          governed thereby insofar as federal law allows.

          On review of the Department' s decision, the district court functions as an

appellate court. Its review shall be confined to the record and shall be limited to the

issues presented in the petition for review and the administrative remedy request

filed at the agency level. La. R.S.            15: 1177( A)(5);   Gilmer v. Louisiana Dept. of

Public Safety & Corrections, 2015- 0134 ( La. App. I" Cir. 9/ 18/ 15), 181 So. 3d 746,

748. The court may affirm the decision of the agency, remand the case for further

proceedings, or order that additional evidence be taken. La. R.S. 15: 1177( A)(8). The

court may reverse or modify the administrative decision only if substantial rights of

the appellant have been prejudiced because the administrative findings, inferences,

conclusions,      or   decisions are: (   1)    in violation of constitutional or statutory

provisions; ( 2)   in excess of the statutory authority of the agency; ( 3) made upon

unlawful procedure; (      4) affected by other error of law; ( 5) arbitrary or capricious or

characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion;

or ( b)    manifestly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial

evidence on the whole record. La. R.S. 15: 1177( A)(9).

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       On review of the district court' s judgment under La. R.S.                          15: 1177,   no

deference is owed by the court of appeal to the factual findings or legal conclusions

of the district court, just as no deference is owed by the Louisiana Supreme Court to

factual findings or legal conclusions of the court of appeal. Englade v. Louisiana

Department of Corrections, 2021- 0132 ( La. App. l5t Cir. 12/ 30/ 21),               340 So. 3d 952,

957, writ denied, 2022- 00209 ( La. 4/ 12/ 22), 336 So. 3d 82.

       Ricks' s ARP complaint alleged that the State did not have an indictment

legally charging him with five counts of aggravated rape and four counts of cruelty

to juveniles.' On appeal, Ricks specifically contends that the offenses of aggravated

rape and cruelty to juveniles were improperly joined, so the indictment, along with

the convictions and sentences, are null and void. Ricks seeks to be released from

custody due to the alleged error.

       Based on our review of the record, we find no error in the district court' s

dismissal of Ricks' s petition for judicial review. Regardless of whether Ricks' s

claims concerning the legality of his indictment, convictions, and sentences have

merit, the 19th JDC lacked jurisdiction to grant Ricks the relief he sought. An

objection to a misjoinder of offenses may be urged only by the filing of a motion to

quash the indictment before commencement of the trial, not through an ARP

complaint. See La. C. Cr.P. arts. 495 and 535. Additionally, Ricks is attempting to

utilize the ARP to attack his convictions and the sentences imposed by the 41h JDC.

However, it is well settled that prisoners may not use civil proceedings to collaterally

attack previous criminal convictions. Straughter v. Louisiana Department of Public

Safety & Corrections, 2017- 0384 ( La. App. 1St Cir. 1111117), 233 So. 3d 89, 91, writ

denied, 2018- 0187 ( La. 2/ 11/ 19), 263 So. 3d 893. Further, while an illegal sentence

         We note that in his ARP complaint, Ricks concluded that there was an error in his time
computation. Ricks stated, " Wherefore, the Administrative Remedy Procedure as there is an error

in Wesley S. Ricks, 499599 time computation by abuse of process." While challenges to time
computations must be pursued through CARP, Ricks did not further assert any time computation
error in his petition for judicial review or in this appeal. See La. R. S. 15: 1171( B).

                                                    in,
may be corrected at any time, only the sentencing court itself or the appellate court

having jurisdiction over the sentencing court have authority to do so.5 La. C.Cr.P.
art. 882( A); Stapleton v. Louisiana Dept. of Public Safety & Corrections, 2014- 0633

La. App. 1St Cir. 1117114), 2014 WL 5800569, * 3 ( unpublished). Since Ricks was

convicted and sentenced in the 4th JDC, neither the 19th JDC nor this court have

jurisdiction over Ricks' s claims. See Campbell v. Louisiana Department of Public

Safety and Corrections, 2017- 1002 ( La. App. 1St Cir. 2/ 16/ 18), 2018 WL 914304, * 1

unpublished),     writ denied, 2018- 0359 ( La. 1/ 28/ 19), 262 So. 3d 900. Therefore, the

district court did not err in dismissing Ricks' s petition for judicial review. This

assignment of error is without merit.

                                       CONCLUSION

       For these reasons, the March 21,         2023 judgment by the Nineteenth Judicial

District Court dismissing Wesley Sinclair Ricks' s petition for judicial review, with

prejudice,
             at Wesley Sinclair Ricks' s cost, is affirmed. Costs of this appeal are

assessed against Wesley Sinclair Ricks.6
       AFFIRMED.

       5 A district court lacks authority to correct an illegal sentence on a petition for judicial
review. Bodd e v. LA. Dept. of Corrections, 2014- 1836 ( La. App. I"    Cir. 6126115), 175 So. 3d
437, 442, writ denied, 2015- 1688 ( La. 10130115), 180 So. 3d 303.

        6 Although Ricks filed his petition for judicial review in forma pAuperis, because he was
unsuccessful in obtaining the relief sought, costs may be assessed against him. Taplette v.
Louisiana Department of Public Safety & Corrections, 2020- 0818 ( La. App. l' Cir. 2122/ 21), 321
So. 3d 425, 430, n. 9.

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