Court Opinion

ID: 3306396
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-07-05 17:21:07.523809+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:33:21.527489
License: Public Domain

The facts in this case are that the plaintiff brought an action in the justice's court for recovery of money on a contractual obligation, the recovery sought being for $201, so that the cause came within the jurisdiction of the justice's court which extends only to action for less than three hundred dollars. The defendant filed an answer, the essence of which was a counterclaim against the plaintiff for five hundred dollars. Of this counterclaim the justice's court did not have jurisdiction, since the recovery sought against the plaintiff upon it exceeded three hundred dollars. (Malsof v. Vaughn,23 Cal. 61; Maxfield v. Johnson, 30 Cal. 545.) The justice gave judgment for plaintiff, either ignoring or deciding against the defendant's counterclaim. The defendant then appealed to the superior court on questions both of law and fact, so that that court had jurisdiction to try the case de novo. In the superior court the defendant amended her counterclaim so that it showed damage to the defendant by reason of the plaintiff's alleged wrongful acts in the amount of two hundred dollars only, and sought to recover only this amount by having it set off against the plaintiff's claim. In other words, the counter-claim *Page 675 
as so amended was one of which the justice's court would originally have had jurisdiction. On the trial in the superior court, the court, over the objection of the plaintiff that it had no jurisdiction of the counterclaim, proceeded to try the issues presented by it, found in favor of the defendant thereon, and set off the amount thereof against the plaintiff's claim, and gave judgment that the plaintiff take nothing. The plaintiff now asks for a writ of review annulling this judgment on the ground that the superior court had no jurisdiction of the counterclaim.
[1] Upon appeal from the justice's court, the parties may amend their pleadings, and the defendant may set up a defense which was not presented at all in the justice's court. (Ketchum v. Superior Court, 65 Cal. 494, [4 P. 492]; Baker v.Southern California Ry. Co., 114 Cal. 501, [46 P. 604].) It follows that in this case, if the defendant had set up no counterclaim in the justice's court, she could, by amendment to her answer, have set up in the superior court for the first time the counterclaim which she did finally set up, one for two hundred dollars. [2] The question therefore presented here is, did the defendant lose the right to amend her answer in the superior court and set up a counterclaim for two hundred dollars, because of the fact that she had previously set up a counterclaim upon the same facts for five hundred dollars, or an amount in excess of the jurisdiction of the justice's court. We see no reason for so holding. The jurisdiction of the superior court to try the issues presented by the pleadings of the defendant in such a case must depend upon the state of the pleadings at the time of the trial. At that time the counterclaim presented by the defendant was one within the jurisdiction of the justice's court, and one which the superior court had therefore the right to hear on appeal in a justice's court action. This was enough.
[3] It should perhaps be said that in case of such an amendment as that made here being asked for, it is within the discretion of the superior court to exact the payment of costs from the party seeking to amend so as to afford the other party relief from costs which he might not have incurred had a proper pleading been presented in the first instance. The matter of permitting amendments and the matter of costs are of course almost entirely within the discretion *Page 676 
of the trial court. Certainly no question of jurisdiction is presented by the action of the court upon such matters.
Writ denied.
Olney, J., Shaw, J., Wilbur, J., Lennon, J., Sloane, J., Angellotti, C. J., and Lawlor, J., concurred.
Rehearing denied.
In denying a rehearing the court filed the following opinion on October 11, 1920: