Court Opinion

ID: 2786529
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-03-16 20:08:17.19348+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:12:54.463496
License: Public Domain

J-S09039-15

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

L.D.W.,                                         IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                      PENNSYLVANIA
                   Appellee

                         v.

B.E.W.,

                   Appellant                    No. 1555 WDA 2014

                Appeal from the Order entered August 18, 2014,
            in the Court of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County,
                    Civil Division, at No(s): 1946 of 2013-D

BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E., BOWES, and ALLEN, JJ.

MEMORANDUM BY ALLEN, J.:                            FILED MARCH 16, 2015

        B.E.W. (“Father”) appeals from the August 18, 2014 custody order

which granted the parties shared legal custody, L.D.W. (“Mother”) primary

physical custody, and Father partial physical custody, with respect to the

parties’ biological daughter, A.R.W., born in August of 2006.     Mother has

filed a motion to dismiss and quash. We deny Mother’s motion. Further, we

vacate the custody order and remand in accordance with the following

decision.

        We summarize the pertinent factual and procedural history as follows:

A.R.W. was born during the marriage of Father and Mother. N.T., 7/29/14,

at 6.    Mother legally adopted Father’s son, H.B.W., born in December of
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1997, who resides at the Milton Hershey School.1    Id. at 5-6.   In July of

2013, Father and Mother separated. Id. at 6. Mother resides in the marital

home with A.R.W., and Father resides in the home of his paramour, K.M.,

and her daughter, S., who is one year older than A.R.W. Id. at 70, 73.

     On September 18, 2013, Mother filed pro se a custody complaint and a

separate petition for emergency relief, where she requested primary physical

custody of A.R.W. and H.B.W., who were then ages seven and fifteen,

respectively. The trial court denied Mother’s petition for emergency relief.

The court entered a temporary custody order on November 4, 2013, which

indicated it would become a final order unless one of the parties filed a

praecipe for a pre-trial conference within 30 days.2 Father filed a praecipe

on November 18, 2013. On November 20, 2013, the trial court issued an

order scheduling the pre-trial conference for February 11, 2014. Thereafter,

the court rescheduled the pre-trial conference for February 18, 2014, due to

a conflict in the court’s schedule, and again for April 29, 2014, due to bad

weather.

1
  Mother also adopted Father’s daughter, M.W., who was a young adult at
the time of the subject proceedings. N.T., 7/29/14, at 6.
2
  The temporary custody order granted Mother primary physical custody of
A.R.W., and Father partial physical custody of A.R.W. on alternating
weekends and every Tuesday and Thursday evening from 4:00 p.m. until
8:00 p.m. In addition, the order granted the parties shared physical custody
of H.B.W. when he is home from boarding school. Further, the order
granted the parties shared legal custody of A.R.W. and H.B.W. Order,
11/4/13.
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      Prior to the pre-trial conference, on February 21, 2014, Mother filed a

notice of proposed relocation, and proposed relocating with A.R.W. to

Cheswick, in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, which Mother alleged was less

than 20 miles from the marital residence where she was currently living. On

March 3, 2014, Father filed a counter-affidavit objecting to the proposed

relocation and to modification of the custody order.

      Following the pre-trial conference on April 29, 2014, by order dated

April 30, 2014, the court issued an interim custody order and scheduled the

trial on custody and relocation for July 29, 2014. The interim order granted

Mother primary physical custody of A.R.W., and Father partial physical

custody on alternating weekends, from Friday after school until Sunday at

5:00 p.m., and every Tuesday and Thursday after school until 7:30 p.m.,

inter alia. During the summer, the order granted Father partial custody on

alternating weekends from Thursday at 5:00 p.m. until Sunday at 5:00 p.m.,

and during the intervening week, from Wednesday at 2:00 p.m. until

Thursday at 9:00 a.m., inter alia. The interim order was silent with respect

to the custody of H.B.W.

      At the custody trial on July 29, 2014, the following witnesses testified:

Mother; Father; K.M., Father’s paramour; and A.R.W., in camera.             By

memorandum and order dated August 18, 2014, the trial court granted the

parties shared legal custody of A.R.W., Mother primary physical custody of

A.R.W., and Father partial physical custody of A.R.W. on alternating

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weekends and every Tuesday and Thursday after school or at 4:00 p.m. if

there is no school. The order also set forth a holiday schedule and granted

the parties one week of vacation with A.R.W. during the summer. The order

was silent with respect to the custody of H.B.W. Further, the order denied

Mother’s request to relocate with A.R.W.    On September 18, 2014, Father

filed a notice of appeal and a concise statement of errors complained of on

appeal.3

     On appeal, Father presents the following issues for our review:

     1. Did the trial court err as a matter of law by its failure to
     adhere to Pa.R.C.P. 1915(b)?

     2. Did the trial court err as a matter of law by its failure to
     adhere to to Pa.R.C.P. 1915(c) in that a trial shall be
     commenced within 90 days of the date the scheduling order is
     entered?

     3. Did the trial court err as a matter of law by its failure to
     adhere to Pa.R.C.P. 1915(d) in failing to enter and file a decision
     on the custody trial within 15 days of the date upon which the
     trial was concluded which was July 29, 2014?

     4. Did the Court err as a matter of law in its complete failure to
     follow the requirements of 23 Pa.C.S.A. [§] 5328(a) factors
     which requires that each element with 5328(a) be addressed?

3
  A notice of appeal must be filed within 30 days after entry of the order
from which the appeal is taken. See Pa.R.A.P. 903(a); see also Pa.R.A.P.
108(b) (designating the date of entry of an order as “the day on which the
clerk makes the notation in the docket that notice of entry of the order has
been given as required by Pa.R.C.P. 236(b)”). Here, the docket does not
include the requisite Rule 236(b) notice. Therefore, the 30-day appeal
period never began to run, and Father’s appeal is not untimely. See Frazier
v. City of Philadelphia, 735 A.2d 113 (Pa. 1999).
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        5. Did the Court err as a matter of law in its failure to address
        the matter of the parties’ other child, [H.B.W.], who is presently
        attending a boarding school?

        6. Did the trial court abuse[] its discretion and/or err[] as a
        matter of law in granting Mother’s complaint for custody?

        7. Did the trial court abuse its discretion in concluding that the
        child’s best interests were better served by placing the child in
        the primary custody of the Mother when the court clearly stated
        that “their daughter, [Child], age 8, retains attachment to both
        parents and speaks candidly about her situation[]”?

        8. Did the trial court err as a matter of law by its failure to
        adhere to the specific law in 23 Pa.C.S.A. [§] 5327(b) which
        makes it clear that there shall be no presumption that custody
        should be awarded to a particular parent which clearly has
        occurred based on the testimony and evidence presented at trial
        and the Court’s statement as above regarding the child’s
        attachment to both parents[?]

Father’s Brief at 6-7.4

        The scope and standard of review in custody matters is as follows.

               [T]he appellate court is not bound by the deductions or
            inferences made by the trial court from its findings of
            fact, nor must the reviewing court accept a finding that
            has no competent evidence to support it. . . . However,
            this broad scope of review does not vest in the reviewing
            court the duty or the privilege of making its own
            independent determination. . . . Thus, an appellate court
            is empowered to determine whether the trial court’s
            incontrovertible factual findings support its factual
            conclusions, but it may not interfere with those
            conclusions unless they are unreasonable in view of the
            trial court’s factual findings; and thus, represent a gross
            abuse of discretion.

        R.M.G., Jr. v. F.M.G., 2009 PA Super 244, 986 A.2d 1234, 1237
        (Pa. Super. 2009) (quoting Bovard v. Baker, 2001 PA Super
        126, 775 A.2d 835, 838 (Pa. Super. 2001)). Moreover,

4
    We have re-ordered Father’s issues for ease of disposition.
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              [O]n issues of credibility and weight of the evidence,
            we defer to the findings of the trial [court] who has had
            the opportunity to observe the proceedings and
            demeanor of the witnesses.

               The parties cannot dictate the amount of weight the
            trial court places on evidence. Rather, the paramount
            concern of the trial court is the best interest of the child.
            Appellate interference is unwarranted if the trial court’s
            consideration of the best interest of the child was careful
            and thorough, and we are unable to find any abuse of
            discretion.

         R.M.G., Jr., supra at 1237 (internal citations omitted). The test
         is whether the evidence of record supports the trial court’s
         conclusions. Ketterer v. Seifert, 2006 PA Super 144, 902 A.2d
         533, 539 (Pa. Super. 2006).

A.V. v. S.T., 87 A.3d 818, 820 (Pa. Super. 2014).

         The primary concern in any custody case is the best interests of the

child.     “The best-interests standard, decided on a case-by-case basis,

considers all factors that legitimately have an effect upon the child’s

physical, intellectual, moral, and spiritual wellbeing.” Saintz v. Rinker, 902

A.2d 509, 512 (Pa. Super. 2006), citing Arnold v. Arnold, 847 A.2d 674,

677 (Pa. Super. 2004).

         Initially, we address Mother’s “motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction

and quash for reasons appearing of record” filed on November 10, 2014.

By way of background, Father filed an emergency motion for special relief on

a date not specified in the record, but sometime between August 18, 2014

and September 5, 2014. In his answer to Mother’s motion to dismiss and

quash, Father asserts that his emergency motion “was specifically to address

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something that the court failed to address in its . . .        [August 18, 2014]

order.”5   Answer to Motion to Dismiss, 11/12/14, at ¶ 4.            The trial court

deemed     Father’s   emergency   motion    for   special   relief   a   motion   for

reconsideration, and held a hearing on September 5, 2014.                Trial Court

Opinion, 10/9/14; Answer to Motion to Dismiss, 11/12/14, at ¶ 1.

Thereafter, the court issued a new custody order dated September 22, 2014,

which it filed on September 25, 2014.6

      Mother alleges that, pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1701, the September 25,

2014 custody order “rendered inoperative the [n]otice of [a]ppeal filed [by

Father] on September 18, 2014[,] and it should have been stricken.” Motion

to Dismiss, 11/10/14, at ¶ 12. Mother alleges that Father’s appeal should be

quashed and dismissed because Father did not file a notice of appeal from

the September 25, 2014 order. Id. at ¶ 13. Likewise, the trial court, in its

opinion pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a), stated that the instant appeal “was

5
  We note that Mother also alleges that, rather than filing the emergency
motion for special relief, Father should have filed a motion for post-trial
relief pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. 227.1 (Post-Trial Relief). We reject Mother’s
assertion because the filing of motion for post-trial relief in this matter is
prohibited by Rule 1915.10(d) (providing that, “[n]o motion for post-trial
relief may be filed to an order of legal or physical custody”).
6
  The September 25, 2014 custody order maintained the custody award of
shared legal custody, primary physical custody to Mother, and partial
physical custody to Father with respect to A.R.W. However, the court
modified Father’s partial custody during the week by granting him custody
every Wednesday after school until the beginning of school on Thursday. In
addition, the order directed that A.R.W.’s attendance at Harvest Baptist
Academy continue for second grade.

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prematurely filed and should be dismissed” because Father “filed an

Emergency Petition for Special Relief which was interpreted and heard as a

Motion for Reconsideration on September 5, 2014.”            Trial Court Opinion,

10/9/14. Father responds that the trial court “lost jurisdiction of the custody

matter upon the filing of the appeal [on September 18, 2014]”; therefore,

the September 25, 2014 custody order “is moot and ineffective and does not

require an appeal.”     Answer to Motion to Dismiss, 11/12/14, at ¶¶ 5-6.

Upon careful review, we agree with Father.

        This matter is controlled by Pa.R.A.P. 1701, which provides, in relevant

part:

        Rule 1701. Effect of Appeal Generally

           (a) General rule. Except as otherwise prescribed by these
        rules, after an appeal is taken or review of a quasijudicial order
        is sought, the trial court or other government unit may no longer
        proceed further in the matter.

          (b) Authority of a trial court or agency after appeal.
        After an appeal is taken or review of a quasijudicial order is
        sought, the trial court or other government unit may:

          ...

          (3) Grant reconsideration of the order which is the subject of
        the appeal or petition, if:

             (i) an application for reconsideration of the order is filed
           in the trial court or other government unit within the time
           provided or prescribed by law; and

               (ii) an order expressly granting reconsideration of such
           prior order is filed in the trial court or other government
           unit within the time prescribed by these rules for the
           filing of a notice of appeal or petition for review of a

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           quasijudicial order with respect to such order, or within
           any shorter time provided or prescribed by law for the
           granting of reconsideration.

        A timely order granting reconsideration under this paragraph
     shall render inoperative any such notice of appeal or petition for
     review of a quasijudicial order theretofore or thereafter filed or
     docketed with respect to the prior order. The petitioning party
     shall and any party may file a praecipe with the prothonotary of
     any court in which such an inoperative notice or petition is filed
     or docketed and the prothonotary shall note on the docket that
     such notice or petition has been stricken under this rule. Where
     a timely order of reconsideration is entered under this
     paragraph, the time for filing a notice of appeal or petition for
     review begins to run anew after the entry of the decision on
     reconsideration, whether or not that decision amounts to a
     reaffirmation of the prior determination of the trial court or other
     government unit. . . .

     ...

Pa.R.A.P. 1701(a), (b).

     Pursuant to Rule 1701(a), a trial court, generally, “may no longer

proceed further” in a matter once an appeal is taken from an order.

However, a trial court may proceed further in limited circumstances set forth

in the remainder of Rule 1701. At issue in this case is whether the court had

the authority to proceed further pursuant to Rule 1701(b)(3)(ii) by

“expressly granting” reconsideration of the August 18, 2014 custody order.

     Instantly, the certified docket does not include an order indicating that

the court “expressly granted” reconsideration.     See Estate of Haiko v.

McGinley, 799 A.2d 155 (Pa. Super. 2002) (stating that a trial court’s order

granting reconsideration must state expressly and unequivocally that

reconsideration is granted); see also Schoff v. Richter, 562 A.2d 912 (Pa.

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Super. 1989) (stating that an order granting reconsideration will be effective

only if it is made and entered on the docket); Cheathem v. Temple

University Hospital, 743 A.2d 518, 520 (Pa. Super. 1999) (holding that a

motion for reconsideration does not toll the appeal period unless the trial

court expressly grants reconsideration within 30 days of the appealable

order).

      Therefore, contrary to Mother’s assertion, because the court did not

“expressly grant” reconsideration in this case, the notice of appeal from the

August 18, 2014 custody order is not rendered inoperative. It follows that,

because a notice of appeal was filed on September 18, 2014, the court

lacked jurisdiction to issue the September 25, 2014 custody order. As such,

we conclude that the September 25, 2014 order is a nullity, and Father was

not required to appeal from it.   Accordingly, we deny Mother’s motion to

dismiss and quash.7

      Turning to the merits of this appeal, we review Father’s first, second,

and third issues together, where he argues the trial court erred as a matter

7
  In her motion, Mother also alleges that Father did not timely serve and file
a designation of the parts of the record that he intended to reproduce, and
he did not timely serve and file the reproduced record. As such, Mother
requests dismissal of the appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2154 (Designation of
Contents of Reproduced Record); 2171 (Method of Reproduction. Separate
Brief and Record); 2185 (Service and Filing of Briefs); and 2186 (Service
and Filing of Reproduced Record). Mother has not alleged any prejudice, nor
does it appear that any occurred, since she filed a brief addressing Father’s
appeal. Therefore, we decline to dismiss this appeal. See Williamson v.
Williamson, 586 A.2d 967, 973 (Pa. Super. 1991) (declining to dismiss
appeal for failure to comply with appellate rules).
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of law by failing to comply with Pa.R.C.P. 1915.4. These issues involve pure

questions of law.   Therefore, our standard of review is de novo, and our

scope of review is plenary. Harrell v. Pecynski, 11 A.3d 1000, 1003 (Pa.

Super. 2011) (citations omitted).

     Father invokes the following provisions:

     Rule 1915.4. Prompt Disposition of Custody Cases

     ...

     (b) Listing Trials Before the Court. Depending upon the
     procedure in the judicial district, within 180 days of the filing of
     the complaint either the court shall automatically enter an order
     scheduling a trial before a judge or a party shall file a praecipe,
     motion or request for trial, except as otherwise provided in this
     subdivision. If it is not the practice of the court to automatically
     schedule trials and neither party files a praecipe, motion or
     request for trial within 180 days of filing of the pleading, the
     court shall, sua sponte or on motion of a party, dismiss the
     matter unless a party has been granted an extension for good
     cause shown, or the court finds that dismissal is not in the best
     interests of the child. The extension shall not exceed 60 days
     beyond the 180 day limit. A further reasonable extension may
     be granted by the court upon agreement of the parties or when
     the court finds, on the record, compelling circumstances for a
     further reasonable extension. If an extension is granted and,
     thereafter, neither party files a praecipe, motion or request for
     trial within the time period allowed by the extension, the court
     shall, sua sponte or on the motion of a party, dismiss the matter
     unless the court finds that dismissal is not in the best interests
     of the child. A motion to dismiss, pursuant to this rule, shall be
     filed and served upon the opposing party. The opposing party
     shall have 20 days from the date of service to file an objection.
     If no objection is filed, the court shall dismiss the case. Prior to
     a sua sponte dismissal, the court shall notify the parties of an
     intent to dismiss the case unless an objection is filed within 20
     days of the date of the notice.

     (c) Trial. Trials before a judge shall commence within 90 days
     of the date the scheduling order is entered. Trials and hearings

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      shall be scheduled to be heard on consecutive days whenever
      possible but, if not on consecutive days, then the trial or hearing
      shall be concluded not later than 45 days from commencement.

      (d) Prompt Decisions. The judge’s decision shall be entered
      and filed within 15 days of the date upon which the trial is
      concluded unless, within that time, the court extends the date
      for such decision by order entered of record showing good cause
      for the extension. In no event shall an extension delay the entry
      of the court’s decision more than 45 days after the conclusion of
      trial.

      ...

Pa.R.C.P. 1915.4(b)–(d).

      In his first issue, we understand Father’s argument to be that,

pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. 1915.4(b), he was entitled to a custody trial within

180 days from September 18, 2013, the date Mother filed the custody

complaint. We disagree. Rather, it is well-established that a trial court must

schedule a trial or a party request a trial within 180 days of the filing of the

complaint.    See Dietrich v. Dietrich, 923 A.2d 461 (Pa. Super. 2007)

(holding that the father’s petition for custody was subject to dismissal under

Rule 1915.4(b) where the trial court did not schedule the trial, and the

parties failed to file a praecipe, motion, or request for trial, within 180 days

of the filing of the custody complaint).8

8
  Notably, Dietrich involved the application of Rule 1915.4(b) prior to the
rule’s amendments on July 8, 2010, which became effective on September
6, 2010, and June 25, 2013, which became effective on July 25, 2013. The
Rule, as amended, includes the sentences, as set forth above:

      A further reasonable extension may be granted by the court
      upon agreement of the parties or when the court finds, on the
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      Here, the 180-day limit to schedule a trial or request a trial expired on

March 18, 2014.    Pursuant to the local rules of Westmoreland County, on

November 18, 2013, Father filed a praecipe for a pre-trial conference, which

effectively requested a custody trial.   Father filed the praecipe well within

the requisite time period.   Therefore, the trial court was not required to

dismiss the custody action under Rule 1915.4(b).       As such, Father’s first

issue is without merit.

      In his second issue, Father argues the court committed an error of law

pursuant to Rule 1915.4(c) by not commencing the trial within 90 days of

the date the scheduling order was entered. We disagree. Here, the court

scheduled the trial for July 29, 2014, which was 90 days after its order of

April 30, 2014.   Because the record demonstrates that the court complied

with Rule 1915.4(c), Father’s second issue is likewise without merit.

      record, compelling circumstances for a further reasonable
      extension. If an extension is granted and, thereafter, neither
      party files a praecipe, motion or request for trial within the time
      period allowed by the extension, the court shall, sua sponte or
      on the motion of a party, dismiss the matter unless the court
      finds that dismissal is not in the best interests of the child. A
      motion to dismiss, pursuant to this rule, shall be filed and served
      upon the opposing party. The opposing party shall have 20 days
      from the date of service to file an objection. If no objection is
      filed, the court shall dismiss the case. Prior to a sua sponte
      dismissal, the court shall notify the parties of an intent to
      dismiss the case unless an objection is filed within 20 days of the
      date of the notice.

Pa.R.C.P. 1915.4(b). As such, the amended rule expands the trial court’s
discretionary authority to grant a reasonable extension beyond 60 days.

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        In his third issue, Father argues the court committed an error of law

pursuant to Rule 1915.4(d), by failing to enter and file its decision within 15

days of the date upon which the trial was concluded.        The custody trial

concluded on July 29, 2014, and the court issued its order 20 days later, on

August 18, 2014. Although the court did not issue its order within 15 days

of the conclusion of the trial, we note that, in contrast to Rule 1915.4(b),

Rule 1915.4(c) and (d) do not mandate dismissal of the matter.          In this

case, Father does not assert any prejudice by the five-day delay in the

issuance of the custody order, and nor does it appear that any occurred. As

such, we discern no basis under Rule 1915.4(d) upon which to dismiss the

underlying matter, and we conclude that such dismissal would not serve

A.R.W.’s best interests.   Father’s first, second, and third issues on appeal

fail.

        In his fourth issue, Father argues that the court erred in failing to

apply the custody factors set forth in 23 Pa.C.S. § 5328(a). Upon review,

we are constrained to agree.

        The Child Custody Act (“Act”), 23 Pa.C.S. §§ 5321–5340, is applicable

in this case because the custody trial commenced in May of 2014.          See

C.R.F. v. S.E.F., 45 A.3d 441, 445 (Pa. Super. 2012) (holding that, if the

custody evidentiary proceeding commences on or after the effective date of

the Act, i.e., January 24, 2011, the provisions of the Act apply).     Section

5328 of the Act provides an enumerated list of factors a trial court must

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consider in determining the best interests of a child when awarding any form

of custody:

     § 5328. Factors to consider when awarding custody.

           (a) Factors. – In ordering any form of custody, the court
     shall determine the best interest of the child by considering all
     relevant factors, giving weighted consideration to those factors
     which affect the safety of the child, including the following:

            (1) Which party is more likely to encourage and permit
          frequent and continuing contact between the child and
          another party.

            (2) The present and past abuse committed by a party or
          member of the party’s household, whether there is a
          continued risk of harm to the child or an abused party and
          which party can better provide adequate physical
          safeguards and supervision of the child.

            (2.1) The information set forth in section 5329.1(a)(1)
          and (2) (relating to consideration of child abuse and
          involvement with protective services).

            (3) The parental duties performed by each party on behalf
          of the child.

            (4) The need for stability and continuity in the child’s
          education, family life and community life.

              (5) The availability of extended family.

              (6) The child’s sibling relationships.

            (7) The well-reasoned preference of the child, based on
          the child's maturity and judgment.

            (8) The attempts of a parent to turn the child against the
          other parent, except in cases of domestic violence where
          reasonable safety measures are necessary to protect the
          child from harm.

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            (9) Which party is more likely to maintain a loving, stable,
          consistent and nurturing relationship with the child
          adequate for the child's emotional needs.

            (10) Which party is more likely to attend to the daily
          physical, emotional, developmental, educational and special
          needs of the child.

            (11) The proximity of the residences of the parties.

            (12) Each party’s availability to care for the child or ability
          to make appropriate child-care arrangements.

            (13) The level of conflict between the parties and the
          willingness and ability of the parties to cooperate with one
          another. A party’s effort to protect a child from abuse by
          another party is not evidence of unwillingness or inability to
          cooperate with that party.

           (14) The history of drug or alcohol abuse of a party or
          member of a party’s household.

           (15) The mental and physical condition of a party or
          member of a party’s household.

            (16) Any other relevant factor.

23 Pa.C.S. § 5328(a).9

     This Court has stated that, “[a]ll of the factors listed in section

5328(a) are required to be considered by the trial court when entering a

custody order.”   J.R.M. v. J.E.A., 33 A.3d 647, 652 (Pa. Super. 2011)

(emphasis in original). Further:

     Section 5323(d) provides that a trial court “shall delineate the
     reasons for its decision on the record in open court or in a
     written opinion or order.” 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 5323(d). Additionally,

9
  The Act was amended, effective January 1, 2014, to include the additional
factor at 23 Pa.C.S. § 5328(a)(2.1).

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     “section 5323(d) requires the trial court to set forth its
     mandatory assessment of the sixteen [Section 5328 custody]
     factors prior to the deadline by which a litigant must file a notice
     of appeal.” C.B. v. J.B., 65 A.3d 946, 955 (Pa. Super. 2013),
     appeal denied, 70 A.3d 808 (Pa. 2013). . . .

     In expressing the reasons for its decision, “there is no required
     amount of detail for the trial court’s explanation; all that is
     required is that the enumerated factors are considered and that
     the custody decision is based on those considerations.” M.J.M.
     v. M.L.G., 63 A.3d 331, 336 (Pa. Super. 2013), appeal denied,
     [620 Pa. 710], 68 A.3d 909 (2013). A court’s explanation of
     reasons for its decision, which adequately addresses the relevant
     factors, complies with Section 5323(d). Id.

A.V., 87 A.3d at 822-823.

     Instantly, the trial court failed to expressly consider any of the Section

5328(a) custody factors on the record or in the subject memorandum and

order. The trial court thus committed an error of law. See J.R.M., supra;

A.V., supra. As such, we remand this matter to the trial court to address

the Section 5328(a) custody factors in accordance with the foregoing

statutory and case law.

     In his fifth issue, Father argues the court erred in failing to fashion a

custody order with respect to H.B.W., the parties’ son, who was age sixteen

at the time of the custody trial. The certified record reveals that H.B.W. is

the parties’ minor child, of whom Mother requested primary physical custody

in her initial custody complaint. Although the testimony at trial focused on

A.R.W., the parties presented testimony regarding H.B.W., and Mother never

withdrew her custody request regarding him. Indeed, at the conclusion of

the trial, the court stated on the record, “[W]e have to provide for [H.B.W.].

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[H.B.W.’s] got to have a place to come home to even though he’s up at the

Milton Hershey School. He’s got to have a bedroom to come home to. . . .”

N.T., 7/29/14, at 242. Based on our review of the record, we conclude that

the court abused its discretion in failing to provide for the custody of H.B.W.

in the subject order. As such, we remand this matter to the trial court to

fashion a legal and physical custody order with respect to H.B.W.

      Accordingly, we vacate the order, and remand this matter to the trial

court to consider all of the Section 5328(a) custody factors, with respect to

both A.R.W. and H.B.W., on the record or in a written opinion in accordance

with the foregoing statutory and case law. Upon remand, the court shall set

forth its findings of fact and its determinations regarding credibility and

weight of the evidence. The trial court shall thereafter enter a custody order

with respect to A.R.W. and H.B.W. as the court deems appropriate.10

      Order vacated. Case remanded with instructions. Mother’s motion to

dismiss and quash is denied. Jurisdiction relinquished.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 3/16/2015

10
  Based on this disposition, we need not consider Father’s sixth, seventh,
and eighth issues on appeal.
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