Court Opinion

ID: 2696614
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-04 15:41:33.613962+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:18:00.669094
License: Public Domain

[Cite as In re M.M., 2011-Ohio-6105.]

                      IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
                          THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT
                               LOGAN COUNTY

IN THE MATTER OF:

        M. M.,                                              CASE NO. 8-11-11

DEPENDENT CHILD,

[ELIZABETH M. -                                             OPINION
     MOTHER/APPELLANT].

                  Appeal from Logan County Common Pleas Court
                                  Juvenile Division
                            Trial Court No. 10-CS-0066

                                        Judgment Affirmed

                         Date of Decision: November 28, 2011

APPEARANCES:

        Bridget D. Hawkins for Appellant

        Deborah K. Wolf for Appellee, Logan Co. Children’s Services Board

        Linda MacGillivray for G.A.L. for Appellee, M.M.
Case No. 8-11-11

WILLAMOWSKI, J.

      {¶1} Appellant Elizabeth M. (“Elizabeth”) brings this appeal from the

judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Logan County, Juvenile Division

granting permanent custody of her daughter to Appellee Logan County Children’s

Services Board (“LCCSB”). For the reasons set forth below, the judgment is

affirmed.

      {¶2} In June 2000, the minor child M.M. (“M.M.”) was born to Elizabeth

and an unknown father. LCCSB first became involved with Elizabeth and M.M.

in 2000 in Logan Case No. 00-CS-0070. LCCSB filed a second complaint against

Elizabeth in 2002 in Logan Case No. 02-CS-0077. During the second case, notice

had to be sent to Elizabeth via publication because her whereabouts were

unknown. On October 23, 2003, the trial court granted legal custody of M.M. to

her maternal grandmother, J.S. J.S. cared for M.M. for several years, however,

J.S. had to enter a nursing home in 2009 and M.M. went to live with her maternal

uncle, P.M. Unfortunately for M.M., J.S. passed away on August 10, 2010. M.M.

continued to live with P.M. until he was no longer able to care for her on a

permanent basis. P.M. placed the child with licensed foster parents. The foster

parents developed a bond with M.M. and eventually notified LCCSB that they had

her and made known their desire for her to remain in their care.

                                        -2-
Case No. 8-11-11

       {¶3} On November 12, 2010, LCCSB filed a complaint requesting

emergency temporary custody of M.M.               Emergency temporary custody was

granted that same day. Elizabeth was notified of this development on November

23, 2010. On January 4, 2011, an adjudicatory hearing was held and M.M. was

found to be a dependent child. LCCSB filed a motion for a No Reasonable Efforts

Determination on January 14, 2011, which alleged that Elizabeth had abandoned

her child. Elizabeth sent the trial court a letter which was filed on January 20,

2011, admitting that she had not seen her child since August of 2009 and had not

spoken with M.M. since October 2010. On January 31, 2011, the dispositional

hearing was held and temporary custody of M.M. was continued with LCCSB. A

hearing on the No Reasonable Efforts motion was held on March 1 and April 12,

2011. At the second hearing, Elizabeth informed the trial court that she had been

sentenced to prison with an expected release date of March 15, 2015. On April 20,

2011, the trial court granted the motion.

       {¶4} LCCSB filed a motion for permanent custody of M.M. on March 2,

2011. The motion was based upon R.C. 2151.414(E)(2), (4), (10), and (13). A

hearing was held on the motion on April 28, 2011. The trial court entered its

judgment granting permanent custody of M.M. to LCCSB on May 16, 2011.

Elizabeth appeals from this judgment and raises the following assignment of error.

                                            -3-
Case No. 8-11-11

       The trial court erred in granting permanent custody of [M.M.]
       to [LCCSB].

       {¶5} The right to raise one’s own child is a basic and essential civil right.

In re Murray (1990), 52 Ohio St.3d 155, 556 N.E.2d 1169. “Parents have a

‘fundamental liberty interest’ in the care, custody, and management of their

children.” In re Leveck, 3d Dist. No. 5-02-52, 5-02-53, 5-02-54, 2003-Ohio-1269,

¶6. These rights may be terminated, however, under appropriate circumstances

and when all due process safeguards have been followed. Id. When considering

a motion to terminate parental rights, the trial court must comply with the

statutory requirements set forth in R.C. 2151.414. These requirements include in

pertinent part as follows.

       (B)(1) Except as provided in division (B)(2) of this section, the
       court may grant permanent custody of a child to a movant if the
       court determines at the hearing held pursuant to division (A) of
       this section, by clear and convincing evidence, that it is in the
       best interest of the child to grant permanent custody of the child
       to the agency that filed the motion for permanent custody and
       that any of the following apply:

       ***

       (b) The child is abandoned.

       ***

       (2)    With respect to a motion made pursuant to [R.C.
       2151.413(D)(1)], the court shall grant permanent custody of the
       child to the movant if the court determines in accordance with
       division (E) of this section that the child cannot be placed with

                                        -4-
Case No. 8-11-11

      one of the child’s parents within a reasonable time or should not
      be placed with either parent and determines in accordance with
      division (D) of this section that permanent custody is in the
      child’s best interest.

      ***

      (D) In determining the best interest of a child at a hearing held
      pursuant to division (A) of this section * * *, the court shall
      consider all relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the
      following:

      (1) The interaction and interrelationship of the child with the
      child’s parents, siblings, relatives, foster caregivers and out-of-
      home providers, and any other person who may significantly
      affect the child;

      (2) The wishes of the child, as expressed directly by the child or
      through the child’s guardian ad litem, with due regard for the
      maturity of the child;

      (3) The custodial history of the child, including whether the
      child has been in the temporary custody of one or more public
      services agencies * * * for twelve or more months of a
      consecutive twenty-two-month period * * *;

      (4) The child’s need for a legally secure permanent placement
      and whether that type of placement can be achieved without a
      grant of permanent custody to the agency;

      (5) Whether any of the factors in divisions (E)(7) to (11) of this
      section apply in relation to the parents and child.

      ***

      (E) In determining at a hearing held pursuant to division (A) of
      this section * * * whether a child cannot be placed with either
      parent within a reasonable period of time or should not be
      placed with the parents, the court shall consider all relevant

                                      -5-
Case No. 8-11-11

      evidence. If the court determines by clear and convincing
      evidence, at a hearing held pursuant to division (A) of this
      section * * * that one or more of the following exist as to each of
      the child’s parents, the court shall enter a finding that the child
      cannot be placed with either parent within a reasonable time or
      should not be placed with either parent:

      ***

      (2) Chronic mental illness, chronic emotional illness, mental
      retardation, physical disability, or chemical dependency of the
      parent that is so severe that it makes the parent unable to
      provide an adequate permanent home for the child at the
      present time and, as anticipated within one year after the court
      holds the hearing pursuant to division (A) of this section * * *;

      ***

      (4) The parent has demonstrated a lack of commitment toward
      the child by failing to regularly support, visit, or communicate
      with the child when able to do so, or by other actions showing an
      unwillingness to provide an adequate permanent home for the
      child;

      ***

      (10) The parent has abandoned the child.

      ***

      (12) The parent is incarcerated at the time of the filing of the
      motion for permanent custody or the dispositional hearing of the
      child and will not be available to care for the child for at least
      eighteen months after the filing of the motion for permanent
      custody or the dispositional hearing.

      (13) The parent is repeatedly incarcerated, and the repeated
      incarceration prevents the parent from providing care for the
      child.

                                      -6-
Case No. 8-11-11

R.C. 2151.414. A child is presumed abandoned when a parent has failed to visit

or maintain contact with the child for more than 90 days regardless of whether

contact is resumed after that period. R.C. 2151.011(C).

       {¶6} A review of the record in this case indicates that Elizabeth admits that

she is in prison and that her release date is not until 2015. Tr. 86. She also admits

that she has been previously incarcerated due to her drug usage and that she

would not contact her child while using drugs. Tr. 12-14. In addition, she

testified that she had been arrested and jailed on misdemeanors more than twenty

times. Tr. 14-15. This evidence supports the trial court’s determination that

Elizabeth has been repeatedly incarcerated which has and will continue to prevent

her from parenting the child for almost four years from the hearing date.

       {¶7} Elizabeth also has repeatedly admitted that she has not maintained

regular contact with M.M. and that she had decided to stay out of her life because

of addiction. Tr. 19, 22. At the time of the adjudicatory hearing, she had not seen

M.M. in over a year. She admitted that she had not had contact of any type with

M.M. in almost three months. When questioned by the trial court during the in

camera interview, M.M. testified that she had not had much contact with

Elizabeth while growing up and that even when Elizabeth did see her, she was not

interested in spending time with her. Based upon this evidence, the trial court

                                         -7-
Case No. 8-11-11

reasonably found that Elizabeth had failed to have contact with her child for more

than 90 days and had thus abandoned her.

         {¶8} In ruling on this case, the trial court made extensive findings of fact.

Specifically, the trial court found that Elizabeth’s chronic drug usage and

subsequent incarcerations interfered with her ability to provide M.M. with an

adequate permanent home. R.C. 2151.414(E)(2). The trial court also found that

Elizabeth had failed on two prior occasions to work with LCCSB on a case plans

to allow her to keep M.M. Instead she chose to disappear and allow the trial court

to grant legal custody of M.M. to her mother. Elizabeth did not regularly support,

visit, or communicate with M.M., which showed her lack of commitment to her

child.    R.C. 2151.414(E)(4).     Elizabeth would go extended periods of time

without contacting her child. There was evidence presented that between August

2009, and October 2010, there was no communication. The trial court found that

pursuant to the statutory definition of abandonment, Elizabeth had abandoned her

child.    R.C. 2151.414(10).       Finally, the trial court determined that since

Elizabeth’s release date from prison was not until 2015, she would be unable to

provide a home for M.M. within the next eighteen months.                         R.C.

2151.414(E)(12). All of these findings are supported by evidence in the record.

Since there were factors present under R.C. 2151.414(E), the trial court did not err

in finding that M.M. could not be placed with Elizabeth within a reasonable time.

                                          -8-
Case No. 8-11-11

       {¶9} Once the trial court has made that determination, the trial court must

still determine that the termination of parental rights is in the best interests of the

child. R.C. 2151.414(D). The trial court individually and extensively addressed

all five factors set forth in the statute in its journal entry.

       (a) The interaction and interrelationship of the child with the
       child’s parents, siblings, relatives, foster caregivers and out-of-
       home providers, and any other person who may significantly
       affect the child;

       The Court stated that based upon the information provided by
       the Guardian Ad Litem through sworn testimony and the
       information acquired during the In-Camera Interview with the
       minor child, the minor child suffered a tragic loss of her
       grandmother, but found her foster parents. The Court further
       stated that the foster parents have allowed continued
       involvement with the minor child’s biological brother and
       maternal uncle, and sometime in the future, she may want to
       have communication with her mother.

       (b) The wishes of the child, as expressed directly by the child or
       through the child’s guardian ad litem, with due regard for the
       maturity of the child;

       The Court stated that the minor child is only ten (10) years old
       and this young lady is more mature than her chronological age.
       The Court further stated that based upon the wishes of the
       minor child and the recommendations of the Guardian Ad
       Litem, such are consistent with the Court granting the Agency
       permanent custody.

       (c) The custodial history of the child * * * ;

       The Court reiterated that pursuant to the Judgment Entries
       filed in Case Number 00-CS-0070 and Case Number 02-CS-
       0077, the Maternal Grandmother, [J.S.] was designated as the

                                            -9-
Case No. 8-11-11

      temporary legal custodian on August 15, 2002, and then later on
      October 22, 2003, as the legal custodian of the minor child
      pursuant to [R.C. 2151.42]. The Court noted that during the
      time period the grandmother was residing in the nursing home
      for approximately one year prior to her death, the Maternal
      Uncle, [P.M.], provided care for the minor child. Due to [P.M.’s]
      inability to provide permanent care for the minor child, the
      matter was ultimately reported to [LCCSB] who in turn filed the
      necessary documentation with the Court to acquire permanency
      for the minor child.

      (d) The child’s need for a legally secure permanent placement
      and whether that type of placement can be achieved without a
      grant of permanent custody to the Agency;

      The Court stated that it is obvious that the minor child is in need
      for a legally secure permanent placement and that such
      placement cannot be achieved without a grant of permanent
      custody to the Agency. The Court further stated that it can’t
      imagine the amount of time it would take if we would wait for
      [Elizabeth] considering her continued substance abuse resulting
      in an extensive criminal history. The Court indicated that it
      must look at the best interest of the minor child, and that
      imagining the very best for the mother under the best
      circumstances, we wouldn’t get to that point for one (1) to one
      and one-half (1 ½) years, and the minor child has already had to
      wait eight (8) years. The Court stated that it feels like we have
      all let the minor child down in that it has taken us over eight (8)
      years to really find permanency for the minor child.

      (e) Whether any of the factors in divisions (E)(7) to (11) of this
      section apply in relation to the parents and the child.

      The Court stated that number (10) applies in this matter and
      such has already been discussed.

May 16, 2011, Judgment Entry, 9-11. All of the trial court’s findings were

supported by the record. Therefore, the trial court did not err in finding that the

                                       -10-
Case No. 8-11-11

termination of Elizabeth’s parental rights was in the best interests of the child.

The assignment of error is overruled.

       {¶10} Having found no error prejudicial to the appellant, the judgment of

the Court of Common Pleas of Logan County, Juvenile Division is affirmed.

                                                             Judgment Affirmed

ROGERS, P.J., and SHAW, J., concur.

/jlr

                                        -11-