Court Opinion

ID: 2748732
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-11-06 19:09:21.081411+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:26:27.158394
License: Public Domain

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 1         IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO

 2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO,

 3          Plaintiff-Appellee,

 4 v.                                             No. 33,719

 5 ANDRES VALDEZ,

 6          Defendant-Appellant.

 7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY
 8 Jacqueline D. Flores, District Judge

 9 Gary K. King, Attorney General
10 Santa Fe, NM

11 for Appellee

12   Jorge A. Alvarado, Chief Public Defender
13   Santa Fe, NM
14   Josephine H. Ford, Assistant Appellate Defender
15   Albuquerque, NM

16 for Appellant

17                                 MEMORANDUM OPINION

18 FRY, Judge.

19   {1}    Andres Valdez (Defendant) appeals from the district court’s judgment on on-

20 record metropolitan court appeal. [RP 72] The district court also filed a memorandum
 1 opinion in support of the judgment. [RP 63] Defendant raises two issues on appeal,

 2 contending that (1) the facts known to the officer were insufficient to give the officer

 3 probable cause to arrest Defendant for DWI; and (2) there was insufficient evidence

 4 of impairment due to alcohol and insufficient evidence that Defendant had a breath

 5 alcohol content of .08 or higher. [DS 7-8]

 6   {2}   The calendar notice proposed summary affirmance. [CN1] Defendant has filed

 7 a memorandum in opposition. [MIO] After due consideration, we affirm.

 8 DISCUSSION

 9   {3}   Issue 1 - Probable Cause to Arrest Defendant. In the memorandum,

10 Defendant continues to contend that the totality of the evidence did not support

11 probable cause to arrest Defendant for DWI. [MIO 7-9] Defendant points out that the

12 officer was called to investigate a domestic disturbance, not a traffic violation, and

13 that the officer observed no traffic violations. [MIO 7-8] Defendant also contends that

14 the clues the officer observed on the FSTs did not show Defendant was impaired

15 because these clues “are simply the officer’s very subjective conclusions based on his

16 understanding of some popular science.” [MIO 8] We are not persuaded.

17   {4}   As we discussed in the calendar notice, the officer was dispatched to investigate

18 a domestic dispute, and when the officer arrived at the scene, he found Defendant

19 outside a vehicle that was backed halfway out of a parking space; and Defendant’s

                                               2
 1 wife was lying on the curb. [DS 1-2; MIO 2] While interviewing Defendant, the

 2 officer noticed signs of alcohol impairment [MIO 2 ¶ 2], and that Defendant had

 3 bloodshot, watery eyes, a strong odor of alcohol emitting from his breath, and some

 4 slurred speech. [DS 2; MIO 2] Defendant admitted to drinking three beers. [Id.]

 5 Defendant also admitted that he had been operating the vehicle, backing out of the

 6 parking space when his wife grabbed the door handle and opened the door, at which

 7 point she fell and hit her head. [DS 2] Given this evidence, including the officer’s

 8 observation of signs of impairment and the physical manifestations of alcohol

 9 consumption, as well as Defendant’s admissions to drinking and driving, there was no

10 need for the State to present evidence that the officer had observed a traffic violation

11 in order for the officer to reasonably conclude that Defendant was driving a vehicle

12 while impaired by alcohol and, therefore, to further investigate Defendant for DWI.

13   {5}   The officer observed further evidence of alcohol impairment given Defendant’s

14 performance on the FSTs. Contrary to Defendant’s assertions in the memorandum,

15 which emphasize Defendant’s cooperation, Defendant displayed several behaviors

16 during his performance of the FSTs from which the officer could reasonably conclude

17 that Defendant was driving while impaired by alcohol. The officer testified that

18 Defendant swayed during the HGN test, nearly fell during the WAT test, swayed

19 during the OLS test, and counted down incorrectly. [DS 3-6; MIO 3-6]

                                              3
 1   {6}   For the reasons set forth in the calendar notice and discussed above, we hold

 2 that Defendant’s admission to operating the vehicle; his poor performance on the

 3 FSTs; his bloodshot, watery eyes, the strong odor of alcohol, his slurred speech; and

 4 his admission to drinking; that is, the totality of the evidence presented, provided the

 5 officer with probable cause to arrest Defendant for DWI.

 6   {7}   Issue 2 - Insufficient Evidence of Impairment and Breath Alcohol Content

 7 of .08 or Higher. In the memorandum, Defendant continues to argue that the State

 8 did not present sufficient evidence of a per se violation given the margin of error for

 9 breath tests and the evidence that Defendant was still in the absorption phase at the

10 time he drove the car. [MIO 10] Defendant also contends that since the evidence was

11 insufficient to provide probable cause for arresting defendant for DWI (Issue 1), the

12 totality of the evidence was not sufficiently compelling to support his conviction.

13 [MIO 11] We are not persuaded.

14   {8}   NMSA 1978, Section 66-8-102(C)(1) (2010) provides that “[i]t is unlawful for

15 . . . a person to drive a vehicle in this state if the person has an alcohol concentration

16 of eight one hundredths or more in the person’s blood or breath within three hours of

17 driving the vehicle and the alcohol concentration results from alcohol consumed

18 before or while driving the vehicle[.]” (emphasis added).

                                               4
 1   {9}    As we discussed in the calendar notice, Defendant failed to preserve the

 2 absorption phase argument at trial and therefore it is not preserved for review on

 3 appeal. [See district court memorandum opinion, RP 71] See State v. Silva, 2008-

 4 NMSC-051, ¶ 9, 144 N.M. 815, 192 P.3d 1192 (“Where an objection is made without

 5 the specificity necessary to call the trial court’s attention to the matter complained of,

 6 the matter will be deemed unpreserved and ineligible for review.”). To the extent that

 7 Defendant now argues that the absorption phase argument did not need to be

 8 preserved because it relates to the sufficiency of the evidence to support Defendant’s

 9 conviction [MIO 11, top incomplete ¶], we are unpersuaded.

10   {10}   The evidence of Defendant’s alcohol impairment discussed in Issue 1; the

11 evidence that Defendant admitted to drinking and “had just left the establishment

12 where he drank” [MIO 10, bottom ¶]; the evidence that Defendant admitted to driving

13 the vehicle upon leaving the restaurant; the evidence that about one hour had elapsed

14 between Defendant’s driving and the BAC tests [DS 6]; and the evidence that the

15 breath test results indicated a BAC of .14/.14 within one hour of driving, results well

16 beyond any alleged margin or error, provide substantial evidence to support

17 Defendant’s conviction for DWI impaired to the slightest degree or per se DWI.

18 CONCLUSION

                                               5
1   {11}   For the reasons set forth in the calendar notice and this memorandum opinion,

2 we affirm Defendant’s conviction.

3   {12}   IT IS SO ORDERED.

4
5                                          CYNTHIA A. FRY, Judge

6 WE CONCUR:

7
8 RODERICK T. KENNEDY, Chief Judge

 9
10 LINDA M. VANZI, Judge

                                             6