Court Opinion

ID: 6917
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2010-04-25 05:22:47+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:30:41.683410
License: Public Domain

IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

                        FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT

                             No. 94-30145

                          Conference Calendar

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
                                            Plaintiff-Appellant,

                                 versus

SALVADOR DiMARCO,
                                            Defendant-Appellee.

           Appeal from the United States District Court
               for the Eastern District of Louisiana

                          (February 21, 1995)

Before POLITZ, Chief Judge, and HIGGINBOTHAM and DeMOSS, Circuit
Judges.

PER CURIAM:

     Salvador DiMarco contends that the district court erred in

denying the Government's motion for a downward departure under

Section 5K1.1 of the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines because the court

relied upon facts not in evidence.         The district court stated,

among other things, that it refused to depart from the guidelines

because the authorities would have been able to identify his

codefendant, Barbara Gray, through independent investigation.         The

district   court   articulated   reasons   to   support   its   decision,

including the minimal impact of DiMarco's cooperation and DiMarco's

prior criminal history.
     We have jurisdiction to review a defendant's challenge to a

sentence only if it was imposed in violation of law; was imposed as

a result of a misapplication of the sentencing guidelines; was the

result of an upward departure; or was imposed for an offense for

which there is no sentencing guideline and is plainly unreasonable.

18 U.S.C. § 3742(a).   The imposition of a lawful sentence coupled

with the decision not to depart from the guidelines provides no

ground for relief.   United States v. Miro, 29 F.2d 194, 198-99 (5th

Cir. 1994).   Because DiMarco's challenge to his sentence involves

only his dissatisfaction with the district court's refusal to grant

a downward departure and not a legal error or misapplication of the

guidelines, none of the above statutory factors applies, and we

lack jurisdiction over his appeal.

     A majority of other circuits -- the First, Second, Third,

Fourth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh -- dismiss for

lack of jurisdiction appeals challenging discretionary refusals to

depart downward from the applicable guideline sentencing range,

holding that such claims are unappealable under 18 U.S.C. § 3742.

United States v. Patterson, 15 F.3d 169, 171 (11th Cir. 1994);

United States v. Higgins, 967 F.2d 841, 844 (3d Cir. 1992); United

States v. Hilton, 946 F.2d 955, 957 (1st Cir. 1991); United States

v. Soto, 918 F.2d 882, 883 (10th Cir. 1990); United States v.

Adeniyi, 912 F.2d 615, 619 (2d Cir. 1990); United States v.

Pighetti, 898 F.2d 3, 4-5 (1st Cir. 1990); United States v.

Morales, 898 F.2d 99, 101-03 (9th Cir. 1990); United States v.

Bayerle, 898 F.2d 28, 30-31 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 819

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(1990); United States v. Franz, 886 F.2d 973, 976-81 (7th Cir.

1989); United States v. Evidente, 894 F.2d 1000, 1003 (8th Cir.),

cert. denied, 495 U.S. 922 (1990); United States v. Denardi, 892
F.2d 269, 272 (3d Cir. 1989).

     Section 3742(a) permits a defendant to appeal for review of

his sentence in four circumstances:           (1)   if the sentence was

imposed in violation of law; (2) if the sentence was imposed as a

result of an incorrect application of the guidelines; (3) if the

sentence was due to an upward departure; and (4) if the sentence

was imposed for an offense not covered by the guidelines and is

plainly unreasonable.      18    U.S.C.   §   3742(a).     Because   claims

challenging the discretionary denial of downward departures do not

fall within any of the categories listed in Section 3742(a), these

circuits determined that such claims are not subject to appellate

review and should be dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.              These

circuits, however, have held that appellate review is available for

claims that the district court erroneously believed that it lacked

authority   to   depart   from    the     sentencing     guideline   range.

Patterson, 15 F.3d at 171; Higgins, 967 F.2d at 844; Hilton, 946
F.2d at 957; Soto, 918 F.2d at 884; Adeniyi, 912 F.2d at 619;

Morales, 898 F.2d at 102 n.2; Bayerle, 898 F.2d at 30-31; Frantz,
886 F.2d at 980-81; Evidente, 894 F.2d at 1005.             Our course has

been uneven in our form of dismissal following a determination that

we lacked jurisdiction.   Today, we clarify that uncertainty in our

mode of disposition.

     Therefore, the appeal is DISMISSED.

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