Court Opinion

ID: 4395194
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-05-09 11:45:21.365616+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:52:05.863138
License: Public Domain

AFFIRMED; Opinion Filed May 7, 2019.

                                              In The
                                Court of Appeals
                         Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                       No. 05-18-00712-CV

                     SANDRA L. SIMS, Appellant
                                V.
   DALLAS COUNTY, PARKLAND HOSPITAL DISTRICT, DALLAS COUNTY
COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT, DALLAS COUNTY SCHOOL EQUALIZATION
  FUND, DALLAS INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT AND CITY OF DALLAS,
                            Appellees

                       On Appeal from the 160th Judicial District Court
                                    Dallas County, Texas
                            Trial Court Cause No. TX-16-02150

                              MEMORANDUM OPINION
                           Before Justices Bridges, Brown, and Nowell
                                   Opinion by Justice Nowell
       This is a restricted appeal challenging a judgment entered following a bench trial.

Appellees Dallas County, Parkland Hospital District, Dallas County Community College District,

Dallas County School Equalization Fund, Dallas Independent School District, and City of Dallas

(collectively, “Taxing Units”) sued appellant Sandra L. Sims and several other persons to recover

delinquent property taxes. Sims is the only defendant to appeal the trial court’s judgment that is

adverse to all defendants. In four issues, Sims asserts the face of the record shows multiple defects

in the citations issued to the defendants; the evidence identifying the heirs of decedents Juanita

Sims and Lawrence Sims is insufficient to support the trial court’s judgment or to ensure that all

necessary parties were before the trial court; and the bill of costs provided by the Clerk of the
District Court of Dallas County incorrectly lists the fee for local citations as $160. We affirm the

trial court’s judgment.

           The Taxing Units sued Sims, Simone Johnson, Tina Thomas, Juanita Sims, and Lawrence

E. Sims pursuant to section 33.41 of the Texas Property Tax Code to collect delinquent taxes for

a property located at 2314 Talco Drive, Dallas, Texas 75241-1423 (the “Property”). Sims,

Johnson, and Thomas are the children and heirs of Juanita and Lawrence Sims. Following a bench

trial, the trial court entered judgment in favor of the Taxing Units. This restricted appeal followed.

           To prevail on a restricted appeal, the appellant “must establish that: (1) it filed notice of

the restricted appeal within six months after the judgment was signed; (2) it was a party to the

underlying lawsuit; (3) it did not participate in the hearing that resulted in the judgment complained

of and did not timely file any post-judgment motions or requests for findings of fact and

conclusions of law; and (4) error is apparent on the face of the record.” Alexander v. Lynda’s

Boutique, 134 S.W.3d 845, 848 (Tex. 2004); see TEX. R. APP. P. 30 (restricted appeal). Only the

fourth element is at issue in this appeal. For purposes of our review, the face of the record includes

all the papers on file in the appeal including the reporter’s record. See Norman Commc'ns v. Tex.

Eastman Co., 955 S.W.2d 269, 270 (Tex. 1997) (per curiam). As such, our scope of review may

include challenges to the legal and factual sufficiency of the evidence. Id.

           In her first and second issues, Sims complains about alleged defects in the citations issued

to her and defendants Juanita and Lawrence Sims.1 Assuming Sims may make appellate arguments

based on alleged defects in the citations issued to Juanita and Lawrence Sims, those defects, if any,

were rendered moot when their court-appointed attorney ad litem filed an answer on their behalf.

      1
        To the extent Sims purports to complain about defects in citations issued to defendant Tina Thomas, the record shows Thomas filed an
answer. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 121. In so far as Sims argues the return of service directed to defendant Simone Johnson does not comply with rule
of civil procedure 107(e) because it was not signed by the person who delivered the service, we note the citation is verified as required by the rule.
See TEX. R. CIV. P. 107(e) (“If the return is signed by a person other than a sheriff, constable, or the clerk of the court, the return must either be
verified or be signed under penalty of perjury.”).

                                                                        –2–
See TEX. R. CIV. P. 121 (“An answer shall constitute an appearance of the defendant so as to

dispense with the necessity for the issuance or service of citation upon him.”).

           As to Sims, the record includes her signed and notarized waiver of citation and acceptance

of service affidavit. The affidavit, which states that she received the original petition, includes the

following statement: “I agree that the waiver and acceptance shall have the same force and effect

as if the citation had been issued and served on me as provided by law.” The affidavit continues:

“I hereby accept service of process in that cause, and waive the issuance, service, and return of

citation on me.”2 Rule of civil procedure 119 permits a defendant to waive issuance or service of

process through a properly executed memorandum. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 119. The waiver or

acceptance has the same force and effect as if the citation had been issued and served as provided

by law. Id. As Sims acknowledged in her affidavit, assuming any defects existed, she waived

those defects and cannot now complain about them on appeal. See id.

           We overrule Sims’s first and second issues.

           In her third issue, Sims asserts the evidence identifying Juanita and Lawrence Sims’s heirs

is insufficient to support the trial court’s judgment. Sims does not state whether she challenges

the legal or factual sufficiency of the evidence, or both. She also does not provide legal authority

to support her sufficiency argument. We conclude her third issue is inadequately briefed. See

TEX. R. APP. P. 33.1(i) (“The brief must contain a clear and concise argument for the contentions

made, with appropriate citations to authorities and to the record.”).

           If we consider Sims’s third issue to challenge the legal and factual sufficiency of the

evidence, we conclude the evidence is sufficient. When we review evidence for legal sufficiency

after a bench trial, we consider all of the evidence in the light most favorable to the trial court’s

     2
       The judgment recites: “Sandra L. Sims who waived service of process and further notice by sworn instrument that has been filed herein, but
wholly failed to appear or answer and wholly made default.”

                                                                     –3–
judgment. See City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 822 (Tex. 2005). We credit any favorable

evidence if a reasonable factfinder could and disregard any contrary evidence unless a reasonable

factfinder could not. Id. at 821. The final test for legal sufficiency is “whether the evidence at

trial would enable reasonable and fair-minded people to reach the verdict under review.” Id. at

827. When reviewing the factual sufficiency of the evidence, we view all the evidence in a neutral

light and set aside the finding only if the finding is so contrary to the overwhelming weight of the

evidence such that the finding is clearly wrong and unjust. Morris v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 334
S.W.3d 838, 842 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2011, no pet.).

         The only evidence at trial regarding Juanita and Lawrence Sims’s heirs is an affidavit

executed by Sims and filed in the Dallas County clerk’s office in 2012. The affidavit states it

concerns the identity of the heirs for the estate of Lawrence and Juanita Sims. It includes the

names of the children, natural born and adopted, grandchildren, siblings, nieces, and nephews of

the deceased. Each of the children listed in the affidavit also were defendants to this lawsuit. No

evidence at trial contradicted the information in the affidavit. Because all of the evidence presented

at trial shows the defendants are the heirs of Lawrence and Juanita Sims, we conclude the evidence

is legally and factually sufficient to support the trial court’s judgment. We overrule Sims’s third

issue.

         In her fourth issue, Sims argues the bill of costs provided by the Clerk of the District Court

of Dallas County incorrectly lists the costs of “Local Citation” as $160; Sims asserts it should be

$80 because, in multiple documents, the officer’s returns for serving citations shows costs of $80

per return. The bill of costs about which Sims complains does not state which citations are

included in the $160 fee. Therefore, based on this record, we cannot conclude the bill of costs

provided by the Clerk of the District Court of Dallas County incorrectly lists the costs of “Local

Citation” as $160. We overrule Sims’s fourth issue.

                                                  –4–
      We affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                /Erin A. Nowell/
                                                ERIN A. NOWELL
                                                JUSTICE

180712F.P05

                                              –5–
                               Court of Appeals
                        Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
                                       JUDGMENT

 SANDRA L. SIMS, Appellant                           On Appeal from the 160th Judicial District
                                                     Court, Dallas County, Texas
 No. 05-18-00712-CV          V.                      Trial Court Cause No. TX-16-02150.
                                                     Opinion delivered by Justice Nowell.
 DALLAS COUNTY, PARKLAND                             Justices Bridges and Brown participating.
 HOSPITAL DISTRICT, DALLAS
 COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE
 DISTRICT, DALLAS COUNTY SCHOOL
 EQUALIZATION FUND, DALLAS
 INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT
 AND CITY OF DALLAS, Appellees

     In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is
AFFIRMED.

      It is ORDERED that appellees DALLAS COUNTY, PARKLAND HOSPITAL
DISTRICT, DALLAS COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT, DALLAS COUNTY
SCHOOL EQUALIZATION FUND, DALLAS INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT AND
CITY OF DALLAS recover their costs of this appeal from appellant SANDRA L. SIMS.

Judgment entered this 7th day of May, 2019.

                                               –6–