Court Opinion

ID: 2675209
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-05-21 15:02:33.499618+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:05:53.849227
License: Public Domain

Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 318

                ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS
                                     DIVISION II
                                    No.CV-13-1088

                                               Opinion Delivered   May 21, 2014

 ROBERT B. PROCHAZKA and     APPEAL FROM THE POPE COUNTY
 DONNA M. PROCHAZKA          CIRCUIT COURT
                  APPELLANTS [NO. CV-2012-416]

 V.                                            HONORABLE DENNIS C.
                                               SUTTERFIELD, JUDGE
 BEE-THREE DEVELOPMENT, LLC
                    APPELLEE DISMISSED

                         BRANDON J. HARRISON, Judge

       Bee-Three Development, LLC agreed to buy some commercial property from

Robert and Donna Prochazka in 2012. The deal fell through. In August 2013, Bee-

Three sued the Prochazkas, demanding that they return the $7,000 earnest money Bee-

Three paid pursuant to the parties’ written contract. The Prochazkas counterclaimed for

damages “to be established at trial” and alleged that Bee-Three had breached the contract

first. They also sought $7,000 in liquidated damages under the contract’s terms. In May

2013, Bee-Three moved for judgment as a matter of law. The court granted Bee-Three

summary judgment on its claim for $7,000, and dismissed the Prochazkas’ counterclaim

without prejudice. The Prochazkas appealed that decision. Because the court’s summary-

judgment order is not a final order, we must dismiss the Prochazkas’ appeal without

prejudice.
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                                Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 318

       No party has raised the issue, but whether an order is final for appeal purposes is a

jurisdictional point that we must often raise on our own. Rule 2(a)(1) of the Arkansas

Rules of Appellate Procedure–Civil (2013) states that an appeal may—absent some

exceptions that do not apply—be taken from a final judgment or decree. A final order is

one that dismisses the parties, discharges them from the action, or concludes their rights to

the subject matter in controversy. Davis v. Brown, 2011 Ark. App. 789. Absent a final

order or a properly executed certificate from the circuit court making an “express

determination, supported by specific factual findings, that there is no just reason for

delay”—which we do not have—an order that fails to adjudicate all of the parties’ claims

cannot be appealed. Ark. R. Civ. P. 54(b) (2013).

       The problem here is the counterclaim was dismissed without prejudice.               Our

supreme court has held that an order was not a final, appealable order when a defendant

nonsuited her compulsory counterclaims, and the circuit court order addressed only the

plaintiff’s claims. Bevans v. Deutsche Bank Nat’l Trust Co., 373 Ark. 105, 107, 281 S.W.3d
740, 742 (2008). In Bevans, the supreme court stated that even a written order reflecting

that the defendants’ compulsory counterclaims were dismissed without prejudice would

not have cured the finality problem because the compulsory counterclaims could be refiled

later. Id.

       By rule, a compulsory counterclaim is

       any claim which, at the time of filing the pleading, the pleader has against
       any opposing party, if it arises out of the transaction or occurrence that is the
       subject matter of the opposing party’s claim and does not require for its
       adjudication the presence of third parties of whom the court cannot acquire
       jurisdiction.

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                                 Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 318

Ark. R. Civ. P. 13(a) (2013).

         The Prochazkas’ counterclaim or counterclaims—the singular or plural nature of

their claim for relief is a bit unclear—are compulsory, which means the dismissal without

prejudice poses a jurisdictional problem. See Crockett v. C.A.G. Invs., Inc., 2010 Ark. 90,

361 S.W.3d 262. In August 2013, the circuit court clearly ordered that the Prochazkas’

counterclaim be “dismissed without prejudice” in its summary-judgment order. As far as

we can tell, that was a first dismissal, and the Prochazakas may have time to refile their

claim (or claims) within the applicable statute of limitations. All this means that the

court’s summary-judgment order is not a final one for appellate-review purposes. Bevans,

supra.

         The finality problem likely could have been cured had the Prochazkas’ notice of

appeal recited the required language from Ark. R. App. P.—Civ. 3(e)(vi) (2013). But the

notice does not state that they abandoned any pending but unresolved claims;

consequently, the status of the Prochazkas’ request for relief is unsettled.

         Finally, in the interest of judicial economy, we note that the circuit court’s docket

sheet, and its summary-judgment order, reflect that the court held a hearing on 30 July

2013. The court’s summary-judgment order states that the court considered the parties’

arguments when it decided this case. The Prochazkas’ notice of appeal expressly states that

they did not request a transcript of the summary-judgment hearing. As a general rule,

however, this court and our supreme court require the record on appeal and the briefing

material include all material information that a circuit court considered when granting a

party’s motion for summary judgment. Verdier ex rel. Verdier v. Verdier, 362 Ark. 660, 210

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                                Cite as 2014 Ark. App. 318

S.W.3d 123 (2005). The parties may, therefore, want to reconsider whether a transcript

of the hearing is material to this court’s ability to conduct a plenary review of the circuit

court’s decision to enter judgment as a matter of law.

       Dismissed.

       WALMSLEY and WYNNE, JJ., agree.

       Laws Law Firm, P.A., by: Hugh R. Laws, for appellants.

       Jon R. Sanford, P.A., by: Jon R. Sanford, for appellee.

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