Court Opinion

ID: 9670552
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-24 03:22:21.400758+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T18:16:05.173052
License: Public Domain

Per Curiam.
Defendant was convicted by a jury of felony murder (armed robbery), MCL 750.316; MSA 28.548, and felony-firearm, MCL 750.227b; MSA 28.424(2). Thereafter sentenced to life imprisonment without parole for the felony-murder conviction and a mandatory two-year term for the felony-firearm conviction, defendant appeals as of right.
Defendant raises numerous issues on appeal. We reverse on two and affirm as to the balance.
First, we agree with defendant that the prosecution improperly and repeatedly appealed to the jurors’ sympathy in its opening and closing argument. Moreover, the prosecution suggested to the *273jury that they utilize defendant’s prior convictions as substantive evidence of his assaultive nature. Clearly this is improper. MRE 609. Normally, when defense counsel fails to object to such remarks, as in the instant case, appellate review is precluded unless defendant would be denied a fair trial. People v Rone (On Second Remand), 109 Mich App 702, 715; 311 NW2d 835 (1981). As indicated above, we hold defendant was denied a fair trial. See also People v Farrar, 36 Mich App 294; 193 NW2d 363 (1971).
Second, defendant claims the courtroom in which the trial was held was acoustically unacceptable, thereby denying him a fair trial. From the record it appears that the acoustic conditions in the courtroom were so intolerable and so interfered with the orderly conduct of the trial that defendant was denied a fair trial. Hence, we find the trial court’s denial of defendant’s motion for a mistrial to have been improper. People v Marsh, 108 Mich App 659, 676; 311 NW2d 130 (1981); Estes v Texas, 381 US 532; 85 S Ct 1628; 14 L Ed 2d 543 (1965); MCL 768.29; MSA 28.1052. The court, in exercising its discretion, erroneously determined that a trial is fair if both sides suffer equally. People v Hayes, 410 Mich 422, 425-426; 301 NW2d 828 (1981).
While resolution of the foregoing is dispositive, we find it necessary to briefly discuss defendant’s remaining allegations of error.
We find there was sufficient evidence of the underlying felony of armed robbery to support defendant’s conviction of first-degree felony murder. From the evidence that defendant, in fact, committed a larceny immediately subsequent to the assault, from his preparations prior to the assault, and from his actions testified to by Mrs. *274Flowers, the jury could infer beyond a reasonable doubt that defendant possessed the requisite larcenous intent at the time of the assault. People v Hampton, 407 Mich 354; 285 NW2d 284 (1979). Moreover, we hold that the trial court’s denial of defendant’s motion for a new trial was proper. For the reasons indicated above, we find the jury verdict not to be against the great weight of evidence. People v Stephens, 58 Mich App 701; 228 NW2d 527 (1975),
Next, defendant claims he is entitled to a new trial because of defense counsel’s failure to raise, and the trial court’s failure to instruct the jury sua sponte regarding, the defense of claim of right. As the defense of claim of right was neither argued nor suggested by defense counsel, the trial court had no duty to instruct sua sponte on said defense. People v Morris, 99 Mich App 98; 297 NW2d 623 (1980).
In the absence of an indication by defendant that he would have, in fact, relied upon the claim of right defense rather than alibi, counsel’s failure to more thoroughly discuss that defense with defendant was not a serious mistake amounting to ineffective assistance of counsel. Defense counsel’s failure to raise the defense at trial was clearly justified as a matter of trial strategy, as it was inconsistent with the alibi defense defendant insisted on presenting. People v Garcia, 398 Mich 250; 247 NW2d 547 (1976).
Defendant further claims the trial court erred in informing the jury that the malice element in first-degree felony murder could be inferred solely from an intent to commit the underlying felony of armed robbery. We disagree. This case having been tried before the decision in People v Aaron, 409 Mich 672; 299 NW2d 304 (1980), the trial court *275had no duty to instruct the jury that it was necessary for them to find defendant acted with malice before finding him guilty of felony murder. The rule in Aaron is not retroactive. People v Brady Smith, 108 Mich App 338, 342; 310 NW2d 235 (1981). The trial court was correct in relying on the common-law felony-murder rule. See People v Till, 80 Mich App 16; 263 NW2d 586 (1977). On retrial, however, the trial court, in instructing the jury, should instruct in accordance with Aaron.
Defendant’s claim that the trial court erred in admitting certain photographs is without merit. We find the photographs were relevant and material as they aided in showing how the victim died. Further, we find said photos were probative and not prejudicial. They were not gross and inflammatory and were, if anything, antiseptic and removed from the violent events which caused the victim’s death. People v Hall, 102 Mich App 483; 301 NW2d 903 (1980); People v Turner, 99 Mich App 733; 298 NW2d 848 (1980).
Defendant’s claim that it was error for the prosecution to elicit from a witness the fact that she had made a prior statement consistent with her in-court testimony implicating defendant is without merit. As no manifest injustice resulted from the erroneous admission of the witness’s prior consistent statement, defense counsel’s failure to object precludes appellate review. Marietta v Cliffs Ridge, Inc, 385 Mich 364; 189 NW2d 208 (1971).
Finally, we reject defendant’s claim that he was denied a fair trial by the admission of a witness’s unresponsive answer to the prosecution’s question indicating defendant had been incarcerated during trial. While error may have been injected into the proceedings, it was harmless. People v Yeo, 103 *276Mich App 418, 426; 302 NW2d 883 (1981). Moreover, the trial court instructed the jury to disregard said statement.
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded for a new trial.