Court Opinion

ID: 9786151
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-30 23:48:47.982808+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:42:51.589364
License: Public Domain

Knudson, J.,
concurring and dissenting: I concur in part and dissent in part from the majority’s holdings. I agree the district court revoked Hymer’s probation without legal cause and resentencing is required. However, I do not agree the district court had authority to order restitution unrelated to the current crime of conviction.
First, Wininger v. Purdue University, 666 N.E.2d 455 (Ind. App. 1996), relied upon in the majority opinion, is not on point. This case dealt with the efficacy of a restitution order after the defendant has completed his or her term of probation. This case does not remotely suggest unpaid restitution can be reimposed in a subsequent, unrelated case after expiration of probation or completion of sentence in a previous case.
Second, I do not agree with the majority’s sweeping interpretation of K.S.A. 21-4610.1 recognize in State v. Ball, 255 Kan. 694, 701, 877 P.2d 955 (1994), earlier but similar versions of K.S.A. 21-4610 and K.S.A. 21-4603 were interpreted as not restricting an order of restitution to damages or loss caused by the defendant’s crime of conviction. Under the facts in Ball and under the previous version of what is now K.S.A. 21-4610, K.S:A. 21-4610(d) did not trump the general language of K.S.A. 21-4610(c) as to the imposition of discretionary restitution. However, Justice Davis succinctly explained the limited holding of the court, stating:
“When, as here, a defendant has been charged with numerous offenses and has agreed to plead guilty to one or more counts and pay restitution for each of the charged offenses in exchange for the State’s agreement to dismiss several charges, we hold that the sentencing court has authority to order the restitution provided in the plea agreement. We need not and do not address the legality of orders that a defendant pay restitution for crimes with which he has not been charged or crimes for which he has not agreed to pay restitution.” 255 Kan. at 701.
Thus, Ball certainly does not address the issue now before us. However, Ball does intimate there are limits to the scope of permissible restitution orders under K.S.A. 21-4610(c). I do not believe the statute can be construed so broadly as to permit the reimposition of restitution from a prior criminal case wherein the
*1059defendant served the entire sentence and is no longer on probation. Such a construction would open the floodgates to restitution orders for a multitude of wrongs wholly unrelated to the current crime case.
Finally, I believe the district court’s order violates the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. See In Interest of R.L.C., 114 Wis. 2d 223, 225-56, 338 N.W.2d 506 (Wis. App. 1983). In R.L.C., the Wisconsin Court of Appeals was faced with similar facts and concluded reimposition of a restitution order from a previous criminal case places the defendant in a position of being twice punished for the same offense and violates the prohibition against double jeopardy. I agree. The mere threat of multiple punishments is inconsistent with the Double Jeopardy Clause, and, under the unusual facts of this case, the defendant’s pleas of guilty to the current crimes of conviction should not preclude Hymer from raising this constitutional issue on appeal.