Court Opinion

ID: 27985
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2010-04-25 09:17:40+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:55:36.987543
License: Public Domain

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                    FIFTH CIRCUIT

                                        _________________

                                            No. 01-41182

                                        (Summary Calendar)
                                        _________________

               JAMES BRYAN ORTEZ,

                                               Petitioner - Appellant,

               versus

               JANIE COCKRELL, DIRECTOR, TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF
               CRIMINAL JUSTICE, INSTITUTIONAL DIVISION,

                                               Respondent - Appellee.

                           Appeal from the United States District Court
                                For the Eastern District of Texas
                                    USDC No. 4:99-CV-246

                                            June 12, 2002

Before JONES, SMITH and EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:*

       James Bryan Ortez, Texas prisoner # 778260, requests a certificate of appealability (“COA”)

to appeal the district court’s denial of his petition for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C.

       *
        Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not be
published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
§ 2254. Ortez’s petition asserted claims of prosecutorial misconduct, trial-court bias and errors, and

ineffective assistance of trial and appellate counsel. The district court determined that Ortez’s

prosecutorial-misconduct claims were procedurally barred due to application of the Texas

contemporaneous-objection rule, and that they were not cognizable on federal habeas review because

they had been raised and rejected in Ortez’s state direct appeal. The district court did not address

Ortez’s argument that he had demonstrated cause and prejudice or a miscarriage of justice sufficient

to overcome any procedural default. The district court also determined that Ortez’s trial-court bias

and many of his ineffective-assistance claims were not cognizable on federal habeas review because

they too had been raised and rejected in Ortez’s state direct appeal.

        To obtain a COA, Ortez must make a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional

right. 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). This requires Ortez to demonstrate that reasonable jurists would find

the district court’s assessment of the constitutional claims debatable or wrong. Slack v. McDaniel,

529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000). When the district court dismisses a petition on procedural grounds, the

prisoner must make a two-pronged showing in order to obtain a COA: “[T]hat jurists of reason would

find it debatable whether the petition states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right and that

jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the district court was correct i n its procedural

ruling.” Id. Determining whether a COA should issue when the petition was dismissed on procedural

grounds has two components, one directed at the underlying constitutional claims and one directed

at the district court's procedural holding; 28 U.S.C. § 2253 mandates that both showings be made

before the court of appeals may entertain the appeal. Id.

        It was error for the district court to conclude that many of Ortez’s claims were not cognizable

because they had been raised and rejected on direct state appeal. As authority, the district court cited

                                                    -2-
Ex parte Torres, 943 S.W.2d 469, 475 (Tex. Crim. App. 1997) (en banc). The holding of Ex parte

Torres concerns state habeas corpus proceedings and it is irrelevant to whether a petitioner's federal

habeas claims are cognizable. Id. at 475.

        Under Slack, in addition to showing debatable procedural error, Ortez must also show that

his petition states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right. See Slack, 529 U.S. at 484.

Ortez’s petition asserts claims implicating his constitutional rights to due process and to the effective

assistance of counsel. However, the merits of many of his claims were not reviewed in the district

court on account of the court’s reliance on Ex parte Torres.

        Accordingly, COA is hereby GRANTED. The judgment of the district court is VACATED

and this case is REMANDED for further proceedings.1 See Whitehead v. Johnson, 157 F.3d 384,

388 (5th Cir. 1998) (court may grant COA, vacate judgment, and remand without requiring further

briefing in appropriate case).

        1
         Although the district court did review the merits of some of Ortez’s ineffective-assistance
claims, in one instance it based its rejection of the claim, without analysis, on the fact that the
underlying substantive claim had been raised and rejected in Ortez’s direct state appeal. Several of
Ortez’s other ineffective-assistance claims were rejected because Ortez had not made a showing of
prejudice; it is unclear what effect, if any, review of Ortez’s other ineffective-assistance claims would
have on this determination.

                                                  -3-