Court Opinion

ID: 4419696
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-07-24 18:47:46.442319+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:51:04.193580
License: Public Domain

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA                :   IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                      PENNSYLVANIA

                  v.

TYRONE TOMLIN

                        Appellant           :   No. 2777 EDA 2018
         Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered September 5, 2018
 In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
                    No(s): CP-51-CR-0201421-1998

BEFORE:          OTT, J., DUBOW, J., and COLINS*, J.

MEMORANDUM BY COLINS, J.:                                      FILED JULY 24, 2019

     Appellant, Tyrone Tomlin, pro se, appeals from the order entered
September 5, 2018, dismissing his fourth petition filed under the Post
Conviction Relief Act ("PCRA")1 without a hearing. We affirm.

     The facts underlying this appeal are as follows:

     [O]n the evening of December 4, 1997, Appellant and                   his
     brother, Shawn Tomlin, approached the victim, Courtney Gibson,
     outside of his residence at 3522 North 7th Street in Philadelphia.
     .   .   .   Appellant then was pulling a gun from his pocket when
     Gibson, who was unarmed, grabbed the gun and struggled for it.
     During the struggle, the gun fired twice Shawn Tomlin fired
                                                   .   .   .

     multiple shots at Gibson.
     During the shooting, John Maddox joined Shawn Tomlin and fired
     shots at Gibson.        [Gibson] died as the result of multiple
                             .   .   .

     gunshot wounds.

1 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546.

   Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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Commonwealth        v.   Tomlin,       No.   1549    EDA   2000,   unpublished

memorandum at 1-2 (Pa. Super. filed April 9, 2001) (citations to the record

omitted). On February 16, 2000, a jury convicted Appellant of murder of the

third degree, carrying firearms without a license, possessing instruments of

crime, and criminal conspiracy.2 On April 26, 2000, the trial court sentenced

Appellant to an aggregate judgment of sentence of 26 to 52 years of
confinement.    Appellant filed    a   direct appeal, and this Court affirmed
Appellant's judgment of sentence on April 9, 2001. Id. at 1.3 The Supreme

Court of Pennsylvania denied Appellant's petition for allocatur on August 20,

2001. Commonwealth v. Tomlin, 784 A.2d 117 (Pa. 2001).

     Appellant pro se filed his first PCRA petition in 2001, and the PCRA

court appointed counsel to represent Appellant ("PCRA counsel"). The PCRA

court dismissed this petition in 2004, and PCRA counsel filed an appeal to

this Court. On January 3, 2005, this Court entered the following order:

2 18 Pa.C.S. §§ 2502(c), 6106, 907, and 903, respectively.
3 On direct appeal, Appellant contended:
     1) the evidence was insufficient to support the conviction for
     third degree murder; 2) the Commonwealth failed to timely
     provide him the results of chemical testing on his clothing and
     the contents of his clothing; and 3) the Commonwealth failed to
     bring him to trial in accordance with the requirements of [then]
      Pa.R.Crinn.P. 1100[, now Pa.R.Crinn.P. 600].
Tomlin, No. 1549 EDA 2000, unpublished memorandum at 1.

                                       -2
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     AND NOW, this 3rd day of January, 2005, counsel having failed
     to file a Brief on behalf of Appellant, despite being so ordered,
     this appeal is REMANDED for 30 days for a determination as to
     whether counsel has abandoned appellant and to take further
     action as required to protect appellant's right to appeal. The
     trial court shall notify this Court, in writing, within the 30 -day
     period, of all findings and actions taken thereon. Jurisdiction is
      retained.
On August 16, 2005, the PCRA court informed this Court that PCRA counsel

had not abandoned Appellant, and this Court established a new briefing
schedule. According to the public docket, a brief was filed for Appellant on

September 2, 2005; there is no indication on the docket that the brief was
filed pro se.     On April 3, 2006, this Court affirmed the dismissal of
Appellant's first PCRA petition; this Court's memorandum decision never
referred to Appellant's appeal as proceeding pro se.     Commonwealth v.
Tomlin, 902 A.2d 983 (Pa. Super. 2006) (unpublished memorandum).
     A letter in the certified record from the Office of the Prothonotary of
the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania to Appellant dated October 22, 2007,
stated that Appellant's counsel filed a petition for allocatur on August 6,
2007. The public docket for the this allocatur petition also listed "counsel's
verified statement of indigency," filed the same day.      The Pennsylvania

Supreme Court denied allocator on December 27, 2007. Commonwealth
v. Tomlin, 940 A.2d 364 (Pa. 2007).

     Appellant subsequently filed two additional PCRA petitions, both of
which were dismissed by the PCRA court, and these dismissals were affirmed

by this Court. Commonwealth v. Tomlin, 4 A.3d 694 (Pa. Super. 2010)

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(unpublished memorandum) (affirming dismissal of second PCRA petition);

Commonwealth v. Tomlin, 125 A.3d 457 (Pa. Super. 2015) (unpublished

judgment order) (affirming dismissal of third PCRA petition).

       On November 4, 2015, Appellant filed his current PCRA petition, in

which he acknowledged:

       This [fourth] petition is outside the one year statutory limit, but
       is covered by 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1) because         the following
                                                              .   .   .

       exception[] applies to this petition: . (ii) The facts upon which
                                                 .   .

       the claim is predicated were unknown to the Petitioner and could
       not have been ascertained by the exercise of due diligence;
PCRA    Petition,   11/4/2015, at   2    (emphasis       in   original)   (unnecessary

capitalization omitted); see also id. at 3 (Appellant's "PCRA [petition]            is

timely filed under 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(ii)").4 The petition continued

that PCRA counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to

contend that trial counsel was ineffective "for failing to ask for a mistrial"
and that this ineffectiveness "so undermined the truth -determining process

that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence could have taken place."

Id. at 3-4. In addition, Appellant argued that he could not have known
about PCRA counsel's attention deficit -hyperactivity disorder and disciplinary

4 Appellant attached to his PCRA petition "Arguments for P.C.R.A." In it, he
urged the PCRA court to find that his "PCRA [petition] is timely filed under
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2), under newly discovered evidence[.]" Arguments
for PCRA, 11/4/2015, at 1. We believe that Appellant intended to cite 42
Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii), which is the "after -discovered evidence" exception
to the PCRA time bar, and is not making a distinct argument pursuant to 42
Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2).

                                        -4
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sanctions, including a two-year suspension, for violations of the Rules of
Professional Conduct, see Office of Disciplinary Counsel v. Bruno, 1910
Disciplinary Docket No. 3 (Pa. filed November 13, 2014) (per curiam), prior

to the publication of an article about it in the December 2, 2014, edition of

the Pennsylvania Law Weekly. PCRA Petition, 11/4/2015, "Arguments for

PCRA," at 2.5

       On July 30, 2018, the PCRA court entered a notice of intent to dismiss

all   claims without a hearing pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907 ("Rule 907
Notice"). On August 15, 2018, Appellant filed a response, contending:          "In
analyzing   a   claim of newly discovered evidence pursuant to [S]ection

9545(b)(1)(ii), our Supreme Court    .   .   .   made clear that the exception set

forth in subsection (b)(1)(ii) does not require any merits analysis of the
underlying claim." Response to Rule 907 Notice, 8/15/2018 (unnecessary

capitalization omitted) (citing Commonwealth v. Bennett, 930 A.2d 1264,
1271-72 (Pa. 2007)).6

5 Appellant filed an "Amended PCRA Petition" on February 10, 2016, and a
different "Amended PCRA Petition" on June 21, 2017.                  Nevertheless,
Appellant neither sought nor was granted leave of court to file an amended
PCRA petition, and Pa.R.Crim.P. 905(a) requires permission from the PCRA
court to submit an amended petition. See Commonwealth v. Rykard, 55
A.3d 1177, 1189 (Pa. Super. 2012). Accordingly, we are compelled to
disregard those amended PCRA petitions, as if they had never been filed.
6 Bennett states: "the exception set forth in subsection (b)(1)(ii) does not
require any merits analysis of the underlying claim. Rather, the exception
merely requires that the 'facts' upon which such a claim is predicated must
(Footnote Continued Next Page)

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      On August 21, 2018, Appellant filed a second response to the Rule 907

Notice, stating that that he "filed a PCRA petition seeking relief due to [PCRA

counsel]'s     mental    incompetence     during      the   time    [PCRA       counsel]

represented" him "just 48 days after receiving the information" from his
brother, Shawn Tomlin, about PCRA counsel's "mental health condition."

Response to Rule 907 Notice, 8/21/2018, at 1-2.7

      On September 5, 2018, the PCRA court dismissed Appellant's petition.

On September 19, 2018, Appellant filed this timely appea1.8

      Appellant presents the following issues for our review:

      1.     Did the PCRA court err[]         in   not holding an evidentiary
      hearing     to    determine   if   appellant     satisfied   42       Pa.C.S.
      §9545(b)(I)(ii) time -bar exception; and conducting               a    merits
      analsis of the underlying claim.
      2.    Did PCRA counsel (James Bruno) abandon appellant during
      his appeal process. [sic]
Appellant's Brief at 4 (unnecessary capitalization omitted).
(Footnote Continued)

not have been known to appellant, nor could they have been ascertained by
due diligence." 930 A.2d at 1271 (citation and some internal quotation
marks omitted). Appellant reiterates his contention pursuant to Bennett in
his brief to this Court. Appellant's Brief at 12.
  Although neither response requested to amend the PCRA petition, see
generally Response to Rule 907 Notice, 8/15/2018; Response to Rule 907
Notice, 8/21/2018, the responses do not raise any new claims but merely
present additional argument as to why his fourth PCRA petition qualified for
the "after -discovered evidence" exception to the PCRA time bar pursuant to
42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii), discussed in more detail below.
8 The PCRA court did not order and Appellant did not file a statement of
errors complained of on appeal. The trial court entered its opinion on
December 4, 2018.

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      "We review the denial of PCRA relief to decide whether the PCRA
court's factual determinations are supported by the record and are free of

legal error." Commonwealth v. Medina, 2019 PA Super 119, *8 (filed

April 17, 2019) (quoting Commonwealth v. Brown, 196 A.3d 130, 150
(Pa. 2018)).

      The      timeliness   of   a   post -conviction      petition   is   jurisdictional.

Commonwealth v. Hernandez, 79 A.3d 649, 651 (Pa. Super. 2013).
Generally, a petition for relief under the PCRA, including a second or

subsequent petition, must be filed within one year of the date the judgment

of sentence is final, unless the petition alleges and the petitioner proves one

of the three exceptions to the time limitations for filing the petition set forth

in Section 9545(b) of the statute:

      (i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
      interference by government officials with the presentation of the
      claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this
      Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the United States;
      (ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown
      to the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the
      exercise of due diligence; or
      (iii)   the right asserted      is   a    constitutional   right that was
      recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or the
      Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in
      this section and has been held by that court to apply
      retroactively.

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42 Pa.C.S.     §    9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii).    "Any petition invoking an exception
provided in paragraph (1) shall be filed within 60 days of the date the claim

could have been presented." Id. § 9545(b)(2).9

      In the current appeal, the PCRA court concluded that it lacked
jurisdiction over Appellant's fourth PCRA petition, because the petition was

untimely and failed to satisfy an exception to the PCRA's time bar.         PCRA

Court Opinion, filed December 4, 2018, at 2.

      Appellant concedes that his current PCRA petition was untimely, but he

attempts to circumvent the time bar by asserting the exception under
Section 9545(b)(1)(ii). PCRA Petition, 11/4/2015, at 2-3; Response to Rule

907 Notice, 8/15/2018; Appellant's Brief at 9.            Appellant contends that

"PCRA counsel abandoned him by not filing             a   brief on his first PCRA
petition['s appeal,]" and that "[t]he claim of abandonment of PCRA counsel

is predicated upon the existence and content of the Superior Court's order"

dated January 3, 2005. Appellant's Brief at 9-10 (unnecessary capitalization

omitted).

9 Section 3 of Act 2018, Oct. 24, P.L. 894, No. 146, changed the timeframe
of 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(2) from 60 days to one year. The change was
effective on December 24, 2018, and applied retroactively to claims arising
on December 24, 2017, or thereafter. Appellant's fourth PCRA petition was
filed on November 4, 2015 and therefore prior to December 24, 2017. Thus,
the expansion of time to file a claim to one year does not apply to the
instant petition.

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      Appellant received this Court's order prior to filing of his second and
third PCRA petitions.1° Thus, contrary to Appellant's contention, this order

cannot serve to establish a previously "unknown" fact pursuant to Section

9545(b)(1)(ii). See PCRA Petition, 11/4/2015, "Arguments for PCRA," at 2;

Appellant's Brief at 9. Additionally, Appellant received this order more than

60 days before he filed his current PCRA petition on November 4, 2015 - in

fact, more than a decade before. Hence, Appellant has also failed to satisfy

the requirement of Section 9545(b)(2).11

      Assuming arguendo that Appellant's ineffectiveness claim is predicated

upon PCRA counsel's suspension and other disciplinary sanctions pursuant to

Office of Disciplinary Counsel v. Bruno, 1910 Disciplinary Docket No. 3,

said disciplinary board ruling occurred on November 13, 2014, more than 60

days before Appellant filed his fourth PCRA petition on November 4, 2015.

See PCRA Petition, 11/4/2015, "Arguments for PCRA," at 2.          Therefore,

1° Appellant does not allege that he was not properly served with this order
at the time that it was entered on the docket or that he did not become
aware of its existence until a later date.
11 This Court affirmed the dismissal of Appellant's first PCRA petition on
April 3, 2006. Tomlin, 902 A.2d 983. Although there is no indication in this
decision that PCRA counsel abandoned Appellant on appeal, even if we were
to use the date of this decision as the date that Appellant first became aware
of this alleged abandonment, 60 days thereafter was June 2, 2006; as noted
above, Appellant did not file his current PCRA petition until November 4,
2015 - greater than 3,000 days late.

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Appellant has once more failed to fulfill the 60 -day requirement of Section

9545(b)(2).

      Again assuming, for argument's sake, that, even with due diligence,

Appellant could not have become aware of the disciplinary actions against

PCRA counsel until notice thereof was published in Pennsylvania Law

Weekly, the article appeared therein on December 2, 2014. See PCRA
Petition, 11/4/2015, "Arguments for PCRA," at 2; Response to Rule 907
Notice, 8/21/2018, at 1-2; Appellant's Brief at 10.12 Thus, again, Appellant's

instant PCRA petition was not filed within 60 days of the date thereof. 42

Pa.C.S.§ 9545(b)(2).

      For the reasons given above, the PCRA court was without jurisdiction

to review the merits of Appellant's claim and properly dismissed his petition.

See Hernandez, 79 A.3d at 651.

      However, if we accept Appellant's argument that he could not have
discovered, even with due diligence, the news of PCRA counsel's discipline

and suspension until his brother sent the Pennsylvania Law Weekly article

to him on September 14, 2015, Appellant can satisfy Section 9545(b)(1)(ii)

and (2). Nonetheless, assuming, for the sake of argument, that Appellant's

12 In his brief to this Court, Appellant states that the information about PCRA
counsel "was not made public until the [P]ennsylvania [L]aw [Meekly
article." Appellant's Brief at 10. Appellant is clearly mistaken, as the
Disciplinary Board's findings were made public upon the release of its
decision in Office of Disciplinary Counsel v. Bruno, 1910 Disciplinary
Docket No. 3, on November 13, 2014.

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claim had qualified for this PCRA time -bar exception, we would still find his

argument that PCRA counsel was ineffective to be meritless. As this Court

has explained:

      [C]ounsel is presumed to be effective.
      To overcome this presumption, a PCRA petitioner must plead and
      prove that: (1) the underlying legal claim is of arguable merit;
      (2) counsel's action or inaction lacked any objectively reasonable
      basis designed to effectuate his client's interest; and (3)
      prejudice, to the effect that there was a reasonable probability of
      a different outcome if not for counsel's error.
      A failure to satisfy any of the three prongs of this test requires
      rejection of a claim of ineffective assistance.
Medina, 2019 PA Super 119, *15 (internal brackets, citations,               and

quotation marks omitted).

      In the current action, both the Office of Disciplinary Counsel v.
Bruno decision and the Pennsylvania Law Weekly article explicitly state
that none of PCRA counsel's clients suffered irreparable harm as a result of

PCRA counsel's neglect. Moreover, Appellant has failed to present a scintilla

of verifiable evidence to support his contention that PCRA counsel engaged

in any misconduct whatsoever in the case sub judice. There is no evidence

in the certified record that PCRA counsel did, in fact, abandon Appellant on

appeal. Following remand pursuant to this Court's order of January 3, 2005,

the PCRA court informed this Court that PCRA counsel had not abandoned

Appellant.   This Court established a new briefing schedule, and a brief was
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filed on Appellant's behalf on September 2, 2005.13    While the brief itself
does not survive in the record, we note that there is no indication on the
docket that the brief was filed pro se, and this Court's memorandum decision

never refers to Appellant's appeal as proceeding pro se. Tomlin, 902 A.2d

983.

       Furthermore, the letter from the Office of the Prothonotary of the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania to Appellant dated October 22, 2007, stating

that his counsel filed a petition for allocatur on August 6, 2007, further
indicates that PCRA counsel did not abandon Appellant on appeal.         The

public docket for the this allocatur petition also lists "counsel's verified
statement of indigency," filed the same day, again suggesting that PCRA

counsel did not abandon Appellant on appeal.

       Accordingly, Appellant has failed to substantiate his contention that

PCRA counsel abandoned him on appeal. His underlying claim consequently

lacks arguable merit, and his entire ineffectiveness claim hence must be

rejected. See Medina, 2019 PA Super 119, *15. Having discerned no error

of law, we affirm the order below. See id. at *8.

       Order affirmed.

13 Furthermore, had no brief been filed, this Court would have dismissed
Appellant's appeal, instead of affirming on the merits. See, e.g., Bennett,
930 A.2d at 1266 (this Court dismissed appeal of the appellant's first PCRA
appeal without prejudice for counsel's failure to file a brief);
Commonwealth v. Home, 89 A.3d 277, 280 n.5 (Pa. Super. 2014) (appeal
dismissed due to failure to file brief then reinstated upon application).

                                    - 12 -
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     Judge Ott joins the memorandum.

     Judge Dubow concurs in the result.

Judgment Entered.

 ,--
Jseph D. Seletyn,
Prothonotary

Date: 7/24/19

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