Court Opinion

ID: 6361246
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-06-24 23:36:05.638057+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:49:41.730052
License: Public Domain

Dissenting Opinion by
Judge Kramer:
I respectfully dissent. The printed form of the “Grant of Right-of-Way” was prepared by the Authority. The typed material inserted onto the printed form was prepared by the Authority. My review of the statement of the consideration paid by the Authority to the Barnes leads me to conclude that it is ambiguously stated. The consideration portion reads as follows: “Now, Therefore, in true consideration of the sum of One ($1.00) Dollar in hand paid by the Grantee to the Grantors, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, and in further consideration of the excavation, construction and laying by the Grantee of a Sewer in the right-of-way hereinafter described, the Grantors do hereby give, grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the Grantee, ... a right-of-way over, under, in and upon which to construct, lay and maintain a sanitary sewer. . . .” (Emphasis added.)
*462From my point of view, it would be logical for a reasonable man to interpret the italicized portion to mean that he was to receive the benefits of the existence of the sewer line on his property in exchange for one dollar and the inconvenience and damages suffered on installation and future maintenance.
It is certainly a well-established principle of law that where there is an ambiguity in a document, under which an interpretation of the ambiguous language can run to the benefit of either the drawer of the instrument or the other party to the instrument, that the benefit will run to the party which did not draw the instrument, and the instrument will be construed against the party who drew the instrument. See Consolidated Tile & Slate Co. v. Fox, 410 Pa. 336, 339, 189 A. 2d 228, 229-230 (1963), wherein our Supreme Court stated: “Admittedly, the defendants’ lawyer prepared the agreement. If it is ambiguous and reasonably susceptible of two interpretations, it must be construed most strongly against those who drew it: Pittsburgh Steel Co. v. Patterson-Emerson-Comstock, Inc., 404 Pa. 53, 171 A. 2d 185 (1961). Likewise, if the language of the contract is ambiguous and susceptible of two interpretations, one of which makes it fair, customary and such as prudent men would naturally execute, while the other makes it inequitable, unusual, or such as reasonable men would not likely enter into, the construction which makes it rational and probable must be preferred: Wilkes-Barre Township School Dist. v. Corgan, 403 Pa. 383, 170 A. 2d 97 (1961), and Heidt v. Aughenbaugh Coal Co., 406 Pa. 188, 176 A. 2d 400 (1962). Moreover, if the language of a contract is ambiguous, parol testimony is admissible to aid in its construction: Dowgiel v. Reid, 359 Pa. 448, 59 A. 2d 115 (1948); Herr Estate, 400 Pa. 90, 161 A. 2d 32 (I960).”
*463The manner, in which this instrument in question was obtained from the grantees (Barnes) was described to this Court by counsel and this description provides an additional reason for this dissent. This right-of-way document was not the result of drawn-out negotiations, after lengthy research and preparation by the attorneys for the two parties involved. The manner, in which the instrument was obtained follows what has become the usual practice in obtaining such sewer rights-of-way. A right-of-way man goes out into the neighborhood or area where the sewer has been planned. He goes door to door talking with property owners and for many reasons, some arising out of civic duty or a feeling of civic pride, obtains the signatures of property owners after extolling the virtues of civic municipal improvements.
It would not take an expert draftsman to make the printed form used in this case explicit and beyond question, as the Authority’s draftsman did on damages in the right-of-way document here in question. As I view the consideration clause quoted above, it would be a simple matter to insert just two words to make it clear that benefits were not to be intended as part of the consideration. For example, the consideration clause could read: “. . . and in further consideration of the excavation, construction and laying, excepting benefits, by the Grantee. . . .” This would accomplish what the Authority claims was its real intent. Better yet, a whole sentence inserted into the Authority’s form could make it crystal clear. Such a sentence would read: “Nothing in this contract shall be interpreted to deny the Grantee [Authority] the right to assess benefits against the Grantors [Barnes].’.’ Without such cautionary language, I cannot in good conscience bring myself to interpret the document in question with its *464ambiguous language as hereinbefore described to be interpreted for the benefit of the Authority.
Furthermore, I question the use of the “Statute of Frauds” in this case. This case was commenced by an assessment of benefits by a Board of View. On appeal, our Court should determine whether there was a legal basis for the assessment. If there was no legal basis for it, then it cannot be assessed, whether the Authority signed a document or not.
Judge Mencer joins in this dissenting opinion.