Court Opinion

ID: 4193108
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-08-03 19:20:30.338434+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:36:41.436092
License: Public Domain

08/03/2017
        IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                         AT NASHVILLE
                         Assigned on Briefs January 10, 2017

            DAVID DWIGHT HESTER v. STATE OF TENNESSEE

                  Appeal from the Circuit Court for Bedford County
                    No. 18026PC        Franklin L. Russell, Judge
                      ___________________________________

                           No. M2016-01351-CCA-R3-PC
                       ___________________________________

Petitioner, David Dwight Hester, pleaded guilty to initiation of methamphetamine
manufacture, and two counts of aggravated child neglect. He received an agreed
effective sentence of twenty-five years at thirty percent as a Range I offender. Petitioner
subsequently filed a post-conviction petition that was denied by the post-conviction court.
On appeal, Petitioner argues that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to challenge the
indictments charging him with aggravated child abuse or neglect because each indictment
charged him with “two distinct offenses.” He also argues that trial counsel told him that
he was required to receive the same sentence as his co-defendant and that Petitioner
risked serving his sentence at one-hundred percent eligibility if the case went to trial.
After thoroughly reviewing the record and applicable authorities, we affirm the post-
conviction court’s judgment.

  Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed

THOMAS T. WOODALL, P.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which ROBERT W.
WEDEMEYER, and ROBERT L. HOLLOWAY, JR., JJ., joined.

M. Wesley Hall, IV, Unionville, Tennessee, for the appellant, David Dwight Hester.

Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Ruth Anne Thompson, Senior
Counsel; Robert James Carter, District Attorney General; and Mike Randles, Assistant
District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.

                                        OPINION

Guilty Plea Submission Hearings

        On August 16, 2013, Petitioner pleaded guilty to initiation of methamphetamine
manufacture and two counts of aggravated child neglect. Pursuant to the plea agreement,
the trial court imposed an effective fifteen-year sentence at one-hundred percent. Based
upon an error in the assignment of an eligibility percentage of one-hundred percent,
Petitioner was allowed, with the agreement of the State, to withdraw his guilty pleas.
Before Petitioner’s trial began, Petitioner asked to enter into an open plea to initiation of
methamphetamine manufacture and two counts of aggravated child neglect in exchange
for dismissal of the remaining charges. The State and Petitioner entered a plea agreement
prior to the sentencing hearing that included a twelve-year sentence for initiation of
methamphetamine manufacture, a Class B felony; a twelve-year sentence for one count
of aggravated child neglect, a Class B felony; and a twenty-five year sentence for the
second count of aggravated child neglect, a Class A felony. The counts were ordered to
run concurrently for an effective twenty-five-year sentence at thirty percent.

       At the second guilty plea submission hearing, the State set forth the following
facts of the offenses:

        The factual basis occurred on the night of December 18th and the early
        morning hours of December 19, 2012. What happened is during the
        evening hours of the 18th dispatch sent out a call of a suspicious person
        at Walgreens up here on, of course, north Main. Several county officers,
        Corporal Burris, Sergeant Tolar, were the first to respond, and they were
        told that an individual was there basically soliciting other customers to
        purchase a box containing pseudoephedrine on, on his behalf.

        The deputies got there. They actually observed a customer handing a, a
        Walgreens bag to this individual. So, apparently, this individual was
        successful in getting another customer to purchase pseudoephedrine for
        him. They then stopped that individual and a lady that he was with.

        Those individuals turned out to be James Floyd Thomas and Brenda
        Points. They were interviewed and admitted that they were there
        acquiring, acquiring pseudoephedrine, that they were going to take the
        box back to an apartment on Madison Street where several individuals
        were cooking methamphetamine. And so, they were going to take that
        box and have it converted to methamphetamine.

        They named some names including specifically an individual named
        David and a girl named Kayla. The task force, drug task force, was then
        contacted. They did some follow-up interviewing of Mr. Thomas and
        Ms. Points. They decided to let them attempt a controlled delivery of the
        box of Sudafed to someone at the apartment and see where that
        investigation might lead them.

        So, they set up surveillance on the apartment, but before a controlled
        delivery could be conducted, they observed the defendant, Kayla

                                            -2-
Howell, and two small children coming out of the apartment. The
defendant was carrying a white jug and a plastic bag. They all got in a
silver Monte Carlo car and drove away. I should say by now it’s past
midnight, so we’re now into the morning hours of the 19th.

The - - Assistant Director Miller and a couple of deputies followed the
car until it stopped at a residence on Warner Bridge, Warner Bridge
Road. That was Kayla Howell’s father’s residence. They then made
contact with the defendant, who was the driver. They patted him down.
They found in his coat pocket a bottle of drain cleaner, which, of course,
is another component of meth manufacture. They also found some
finished meth in his possession. That was sent to the lab and weighed
.43 grams. They found some digital scales on his person and some black
tape.

In the car, they found the white jug, which was an empty jug of muriatic
acid, which, of course, is another component of meth manufacture, and
they found a plastic bag which had a, a bottle in it, which had obviously
been a recent meth cook, the shake-and-bake method. And, of course,
this, this was found in the floorboard where Kayla was sitting. This, of
course, was the car that the two children had just been riding in.

The children were [B.M.], who was age 12 at the time, and [R.H.], who
was age 7 at the time. The children were allowed to go on to the house.
The, the, there was a room in the house that was also searched. They
found at least one empty box of pseudoephedrine. They found plastic
tubing - - or I should say in the plastic bag that the defendant was
carrying that had the old meth cook. They also found another, a gasser
tube with the, the cap had the hole drilled into it, the tube had been
inserted it [sic], and wrapped with black tape. They found more tubing
in the bedroom. They found a plate that had meth residue, which
appeared as though it had been snorted off of it. They found a set of
silver scales and other paraphernalia associated with using and or
producing meth. They found aluminum foil, they found coffee filters,
they found the little mask that you might wear over your face when
you’re around noxious chemicals or, say, doing paint, something like
that.

The defendant was, and Kayla, were both interviewed. They admitted
that they had been at that apartment just earlier in the evening, they had
cooked meth, that the children had been there during that process. The
defendant also admitted that he sometimes sold small quan[ti]ties of

                                  -3-
meth in order to pay expenses or to get money to acquire more supplies
to cook meth with.

Officers then went back to the apartment, they conducted a search of
that. They found a huge volume of meth-related products. They found
Coleman fuel, other components, they - - just about everything
associated with the meth manufacture process and the consumption of
meth.

The, the defendant was interviewed two other times, once by a DCS
worker, Amanda Burke, and by Detective Chad Webster of the Bedford
County Sheriff’s Department. During the course of these interviews, the,
the defendant admitted that he had been using meth for a period of time,
perhaps between a month and a half, two months, he had been making
meth for approximately a month, he had made meth that night at the
apartment.

He admitted that the children would have observed part of this process
including him shaking the bottle. He did part of the process inside, he
did part of the process outside. He came back in to complete the process
including the gassing-off process, which he said took place in the
bathroom. And then there was a second gassing off and it was either in
the bathroom or in the kitchen. The children would have been present in
the residence when this happened.

Kayla Howell was interviewed, and I can tell you I’ve interviewed her in
preparation for the trial and she says that the, the children would have,
that, would have been exposed to different steps of the process, the
shaking of the bottle, the gassing off in the bathroom, their removing of
the material, the, the, also, the, the, both snorting of it and the smoking
of it they would have observed.

I have interviewed both children. They’re both prepared to testify that
they observed the defendant measuring out the chemicals and
components that go into the cook. They observed him go outside, they
observed him come back inside. They observed him shaking the bottle.
They observed the gassing-off process in the bathroom. They observed
some of this going on in the kitchen.

[B.M.] says she would have been about a distance from me to this
podium, which I would say is four to five feet, at one point during that
process. The gasser tube and bottle, she actually went to the bathroom
after that process was over and was with, within arm’s reach of that.

                                   -4-
        [R.H.] says she saw David, the defendant, and other adults shaking the
        bottle. She saw them lighting - - both children say they saw the adults
        lighting aluminum foil, and that’s one of the methods of ingesting it is
        they make an aluminum foil boat. Both children say they saw that.
        [B.M.] says she saw the adults, including her mother, snorting meth and
        saw other adults both snorting and smoking meth.

        They - - now, part of that time the children were in the bedroom, the
        door was closed, and there was a towel across the door. The, and, and
        the door of the bathroom would have been closed part of that time, but -
        - so, it wasn’t the entire process they were exposed to, but it was
        different points in time.

        Both children said that different adults during the night told them when
        they were observing these things that the adults were making bombs.
        And both children have told the investigators who have investigated this,
        the detective, the DCS worker, even Assistant Director Miller
        interviewed one of the children, they’ve been consistent in telling about
        that. They were consistent in telling me about that.

       Upon questioning by the trial court, Petitioner agreed with the facts presented by
the State. He also indicated that he did not have any health problems that would affect
his ability to understand the guilty plea process, and he had not ingested any drugs or
alcohol that would affect his thinking in any way. Petitioner also stated that he was able
to read and write. Petitioner told the trial court that he had read the plea agreement and
signed it. He also reviewed the document with trial counsel and asked questions about
the plea agreement. Petitioner did not have any other questions about the plea agreement
when asked by the trial court and said that he understood everything in his petition to
enter a guilty plea. He stated that he and trial counsel discussed the charges against him,
and counsel explained potential punishment. The trial court also reviewed the five
charges against Petitioner and the potential punishment for each count.

        Petitioner told the trial court that his guilty plea was “free and voluntary” and that
he had not been threatened in any way or promised anything in exchange for his plea. He
did not have any complaints about the way and manner in which he was represented by
trial counsel. Petitioner told the trial court that he did not have any questions about
anything discussed during the guilty plea hearing. At the hearing, the trial court again
questioned Petitioner about the plea agreement, reminding him of his right to a
sentencing hearing. Petitioner said that he wished to waive the hearing and accept the
plea agreement. He also said that no one forced him to accept the agreement.

                                            -5-
Post-Conviction Hearing

       Trial counsel testified that he began representing Petitioner after Petitioner’s first
guilty pleas were withdrawn. He reviewed the indictments and noted that Petitioner was
charged with aggravated child abuse or neglect regarding two children that were in the
household. When asked if trial counsel saw any issues with the indictments charging
aggravated child abuse or neglect, trial counsel replied: “That’s the style of the statute.
That’s the plain reading and the plain heading of the statute. I didn’t see [an] issue with
that.”

        On cross-examination, trial counsel testified that after Petitioner’s first guilty pleas
were withdrawn, trial counsel began attempts to negotiate another settlement with the
State. The prosecutor was agreeable to a sentence that “would get [Petitioner] about the
same amount of time as the original sentence of [fifteen] years at one hundred percent[.]”
Trial counsel testified that Petitioner rejected the State’s final offer, and his case was set
for trial. At some point on the day of the trial, Petitioner asked trial counsel whether he
could obtain a plea agreement that was close to the “[thirty] percent offer that we were
originally talking about.” Petitioner also wanted certain counts of the indictment
dismissed. Petitioner ended up pleading guilty to initiation of methamphetamine
manufacture and two counts of aggravated child neglect with the trial court to determine
the sentences. The charges against Petitioner for possession of a Schedule II controlled
substance for resale and possession of a Schedule II controlled substance for delivery
were nollied by the State. On the day of Petitioner’s sentencing hearing another
agreement was reached: an effective sentence of twenty-five years at thirty percent
release eligibility. Trial counsel admitted that the agreement was better than the State’s
offer before the trial was set. Trial counsel testified: “Yeah, it was much better than a
[fifteen-]year total, you know, that’s where we were at. You [prosecutor] wanted
something that was [fifteen] years once we did all the math back and forth. It worked out
a lot better.”

        Trial counsel felt that Petitioner was “adequately informed” of what he was doing
at the time of the guilty plea, and he noted that it was Petitioner’s second time to plead
guilty in the case. He said that Petitioner “[d]efinitely” made an informed, voluntary
decision to plead guilty. Trial counsel testified that he could not remember if the
indictment alleged more than one theory but he said that he did not have any problems
with the indictment. He said, “It, the indictment was rather long and in a nutshell, it was,
they were cooking and the kids were present, and the ages of the children.” Trial counsel
testified that if the indictment had alleged more than one theory in a single count, he
would have addressed it with the trial court.

       During both direct examination and cross-examination, trial counsel testified that
the State was proceeding on a theory of aggravated child abuse rather than aggravated
child neglect.

                                             -6-
      On redirect examination, trial counsel testified that he was aware that Petitioner’s
co-defendant had originally received the same sentence as Petitioner had received. When
asked what he told Petitioner about Petitioner’s sentence being the same as his co-
defendant’s, trial counsel testified:

         [S]pecifically, I don’t - - well, what I would have told him is, he wanted,
        you know, the State wants a [fifteen]-year sentence, something that’s
        going to be in effect close to [fifteen] years. That given my
        conversations with the [co-]defendant’s attorney, not him, not the
        defendant here, but the co-defendant’s attorney, it seemed like they were
        going to either be keeping the current sentence, well, actually it seemed
        like they were going to be keeping the current sentence. And my
        understanding from speaking with the DA would be they wanted
        something that would in effect be [fifteen] years. And I would have said
        something in essence of, if that’s what the DA wants, if he wants to keep
        them the same, we can deal with that, with him, or [we] can go to trial.

        Now, it, I mean, he, pleading is the prerogative of first the State, and
        then, well, the defendant and the Court. I can’t force, I can’t force the
        State to give him a better offer.

        According to Petitioner, the presentence report said that his co-defendant had been
sentenced to fifteen years at one-hundred percent. Petitioner testified that trial counsel
told him that he would receive the same sentence as his co-defendant. He said that he
later looked on the Internet and discovered that his co-defendant had received a fifteen-
year sentence at thirty percent.

       Petitioner testified that his indictments were duplicitous because he was charged
with two separate offenses in one count of the indictment. He said that aggravated child
abuse is a separate offense from aggravated child neglect. Petitioner testified his legal
argument on this issue is as follows:

        That, that, two charges under one count of the indictment, and it,
        duplicity covers double dealing, double pleading and stuff, that, that, I
        looked it up in a prior case in an appellate court in Nashville, where it
        was the same way, it was two charges like that on an indictment. And it
        says the judgment could not stand, because it was two charges under one
        count of the indictment.

       Contrary to what trial counsel testified to his understanding of what charges the
State was proceeding on, Petitioner testified during cross-examination that he pled guilty
to two counts of aggravated child neglect. Petitioner agreed that trial counsel told him

                                           -7-
that the State was “agreeable to the sentence at [thirty] percent, but they wanted it to
work out where [he] basically [does] fifteen years in prison before [he] [makes] parole.”
Petitioner testified that he rejected the State’s initial plea offer after his first guilty plea
had been set aside and decided to go to trial. He was aware that his co-defendant and her
two children would testify against him. Petitioner knew that the children would testify
that they saw Petitioner making the methamphetamine, shaking the bottle, and that he
told them he was making a bomb. Petitioner had also made a statement to Chad Webster
admitting that he had been making methamphetamine.

       Petitioner agreed that a release eligibility of thirty percent was important to him.
He testified that he went to trial counsel after the jury had been impaneled for his trial,
and they had a conversation about the guilty plea. The following exchange then took
place at the post-conviction hearing:

        [Prosecutor]:         And then, there was, did you ask [trial counsel] about
        if, Hey, look, I’ll plead to these three charges, the two aggravated child
        neglects [sic] and the initiation charge, if the State will forget the rest of
        it and agree that it’s at [thirty percent]?

        [Petitioner]:        Yes, sir.

At the guilty plea acceptance hearing, the State then agreed that whatever effective
sentence that Petitioner received at the sentencing hearing for the three charges, it would
be served at thirty percent release eligibility. Petitioner testified that on the day of the
sentencing hearing, he agreed to an effective twenty-five-year sentence at thirty percent
release eligibility.

       Concerning Petitioner’s co-defendant’s sentence, the following exchange took
place at the post-conviction hearing:

        [Prosecutor]:     And now, I heard you say that [trial counsel] told you
        something to the effect that you had to get the same thing that [co-
        defendant] Kayla Howell had?

        [Petitioner]:        No, he just said that ya’ll have to do us about the
        same way - -

        [Prosecutor]:        About the same - -

        [Petitioner]:     - - that she kept the [fifteen] at a hundred, so ya’ll
        were going to give me something where I had to serve about [fifteen]
        years.

                                             -8-
        [Prosecutor]:      All right. Because it’s fair to say when you agreed to
        that [twenty-five] at [thirty] percent, you actually at that point had a
        better deal than Kayla Howell?

        [Petitioner]:       Yes, sir.

        [Prosecutor]:       Because she still had [fifteen] years at a hundred
        percent?

        [Petitioner]:       Yes, sir.

        [Prosecutor]:        And I’m not very good at math, but [fifteen] years at
        a hundred percent is [fifteen] years. Well, I think you can get about
        [fifteen] percent off, so that’s about [twelve] and a half years?

        [Petitioner]:       Yes, sir.

        [Prosecutor]:       [Thirty] percent at [twenty-five], that’s actually better
        than she had?

        [Petitioner]:       Yes, sir.

       Petitioner did not feel that he received a better deal than his co-defendant “because
[twenty-five] at [thirty], you go up for parole at seven and a half years. But it’s not a
guaranteed they’ll release you on parole. I mean I could wind up doing the whole time in
prison.” He agreed that he would be eligible for parole at least five years before his co-
defendant. Petitioner testified that he learned that his co-defendant’s sentence was later
modified to thirty percent release eligibility. Petitioner also testified that prior to his
sentencing hearing trial counsel told him that he could still be sentenced at one-hundred
percent despite the fact that on two occasions, the State had agreed that Petitioner had to
be sentenced at thirty percent. Petitioner testified that he asked trial counsel to “do
something” about the indictment, and trial counsel “chose not to do it.”

       On rebuttal, trial counsel testified that the only way he would have told Petitioner
that he could be sentenced at one-hundred percent was if he and Petitioner had been
talking about some kind of “weird hypothetical.” Trial counsel also said, “But we’d
already agreed to where we were at.” Trial counsel also reiterated that the State was
proceeding on the theory of guilt of aggravated child abuse and not aggravated child
neglect.

                                            -9-
Analysis

       Petitioner contends that trial counsel “failed to competently represent [him]
through various inadequacies” during the guilty plea process. More specifically he
argues that trial counsel should have challenged the indictments charging him with
aggravated child abuse or neglect because each indictment charged him with “two
distinct offenses.” He also argues that trial counsel told him that he was required to
receive the same sentence as his co-defendant, Kayla Howell, and that Petitioner risked
serving his sentence at one-hundred percent eligibility if the case went to trial. However,
we find that the evidence does not preponderate against the trial court’s finding that the
petitioner received effective assistance of counsel.

        To obtain post-conviction relief, a petitioner must prove that his or her conviction
or sentence is void or voidable because of the abridgement of a right guaranteed by the
United States Constitution or the Tennessee Constitution. T.C.A. § 40-30-103; Howell v.
State, 151 S.W.3d 450, 460 (Tenn. 2004). A post-conviction petitioner bears the burden
of proving his or her allegations of fact by clear and convincing evidence. T.C.A. § 40-
30-110(f); Dellinger v. State, 279 S.W.3d 282, 293-94 (Tenn. 2009). “Evidence is clear
and convincing when there is no serious or substantial doubt about the correctness of the
conclusions drawn from the evidence.” Grindstaff v. State, 297 S.W.3d 208, 216 (Tenn.
2009) (quoting Hicks v. State, 983 S.W.2d 240, 245 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1998)). In an
appeal of a court’s decision resolving a petition for post-conviction relief, the court’s
findings of fact “will not be disturbed unless the evidence contained in the record
preponderates against them.” Frazier v. State, 303 S.W.3d 674, 679 (Tenn. 2010).

        A criminal petitioner has a right to “reasonably effective” assistance of counsel
under both the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution and article I, section 9,
of the Tennessee Constitution. State v. Burns, 6 S.W.3d 453, 461 (Tenn. 1999). The
right to effective assistance of counsel is inherent in these provisions. Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 685-86 (1984); Dellinger, 279 S.W.3d at 293. To prove
ineffective assistance of counsel, a petitioner must prove both deficient performance and
prejudice to the defense. Strickland, 466 U.S. at 687. Failure to satisfy either prong
results in the denial of relief. Id. at 697.

        The deficient performance prong of the test is satisfied by showing that “counsel’s
acts or omissions were so serious as to fall below an objective standard of reasonableness
under prevailing professional norms.” Goad v. State, 938 S.W.2d 363, 370 (Tenn. 1996)
(citing Strickland, 466 U.S. at 688; Baxter v. Rose, 523 S.W.2d 930, 936 (Tenn. 1975)).
Moreover, the reviewing court must indulge a strong presumption that the conduct of
counsel falls within the range of reasonable professional assistance, see Strickland, 466
U.S. at 690, and may not second-guess the tactical and strategic choices made by trial
counsel unless those choices were uninformed because of inadequate preparation. See
Hellard v. State, 629 S.W.2d 4, 9 (Tenn. 1982). The prejudice prong of the test is

                                           - 10 -
satisfied by showing a reasonable probability, i.e., a “probability sufficient to undermine
confidence in the outcome,” that “but for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of the
proceeding would have been different.” Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694. In the context of a
guilty plea, the petitioner must show a reasonable probability that were it not for the
deficiencies in counsel’s representation, he or she would not have pled guilty but would
instead have insisted on proceeding to trial. Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 59 (1985);
House v. State, 44 S.W.3d 508, 516 (Tenn. 2001).

       First, Petitioner contends that trial counsel “failed to get the indictment struck or at
the very least specified as to which of the offenses he was indicted for. Child abuse and
neglect are two distinct offenses that are defined separately. T.C.A. § 39-15-401(2016).”
Concerning this issue, the post-conviction court stated in its written memorandum
opinion concerning the order denying post-conviction relief:

        The Petitioner complained that [trial counsel] did not move to have
        Counts 4[] and 5[] of the indictment struck because they alleged both
        child neglect and child abuse. The argument is that it would be
        impossible to be certain of the unanimity of the jurors’ verdict if there
        were two separate crimes charged in one count, the abuse and the
        neglect. It was clear, however, that the conduct leading to the charges
        was making meth in the presence of the children. The verdict forms had
        already been prepared by this judge, and those forms mentioned only one
        of the two versions of the statute. The time to address that issue would
        have been at the close of the State’s proof, and if granted, one theory
        would have been dropped from the definition of the crime in the charge
        and only one theory would have been mentioned on the verdict forms.
        The failure to raise the issue pre-trial did fall below the applicable
        standard.

(italicized emphasis in original, bold print emphasis added).

       We note that the trial court apparently meant to say did not fall below the
applicable standard rather than “did fall below the applicable standard.” The post-
conviction court made its ruling from the bench, ruling in part: “All right. I will confess
that there are some of the allegations that I just really struggled to understand exactly
what they are, but my [final] conclusion is certainly that [trial counsel’s] representation
has not fallen before the, below the applicable standard for defense attorneys.” Initially,
as pointed out by the State, the record does not contain a copy of the indictment charging
Petitioner with aggravated child abuse or neglect or copies of the judgments or guilty plea
agreement. Thus, there is nothing in the record about the wording of the counts in the
indictment other than the post-conviction court’s findings and testimony of the witnesses.

                                            - 11 -
       At both guilty plea submission hearings, the trial court stated that Petitioner was
pleading guilty to two counts of aggravated child neglect, to which Petitioner stated he
understood that fact. The following exchange between the trial court and Petitioner took
place at the second guilty plea submission hearing:

               Q. Count [4] is aggravated child neglect. That’s another “B”
        felony. Again, 8 to 30 years, up to a $25,000 fine, and with the same
        breakdown, that we had on the “B” felony in Count [3], in other words, 8
        to 12, 12 to 20, 20 to 30. Okay. Do you understand that?

                A.    Yes, sir.

               Q. And finally Count [5] is aggravated child neglect, and this
        version, because of the age of the child is a Class “A” felony. So, it
        carries a possible 15 to 60 years and up to a $50,000 fine. Those ranges,
        depending upon how many past felony convictions there are on your
        record, are 15 to 25, 25 to 40, and 40 to 60 years. Okay. You
        understand that?

                A.    Yes, sir.

        Trial counsel testified that he could not remember if the indictment alleged more
than one theory but he said that he did not have any problems with the indictment. He
said, “It, the indictment was rather long and in a nutshell, it was, they were cooking and
the kids were present, and the ages of the children.” Trial counsel testified that if the
indictment had alleged more than one theory in a single count, he would have addressed
it with the trial court. Petitioner did not go to trial in this case, so there was no concern of
verdict unanimity. Furthermore, if trial counsel had successfully convinced the court to
dismiss the subject counts to the indictment pretrial, there can be no doubt, with the
procedural history of this case which is set out in the record, that the State would have
resubmitted the aggravated child neglect charges to the Grand Jury. Petitioner has not
shown that he was prejudiced by any deficiency concerning this issue. Petitioner is not
entitled to relief on this issue.

      Next, Petitioner argues that trial counsel told him that “he had to receive the same
sentence as his co-defendant” and that Petitioner “could possibly get sentence[ed] at
100% if he had a sentencing hearing.” Concerning this issue the trial court held:

        The Petitioner at times in his testimony at the evidentiary hearing alleged
        that [trial counsel] told him his sentence had to be the same as the Co-
        defendant’s sentence. At other times in his testimony the Petitioner
        admitted that [trial counsel] never told him that the law required equality
        of treatment of two co-defendants. The Petitioner knew better than that
        because his sentence was actually shorter than his Co-defendant’s

                                             - 12 -
        sentence. It is found as a matter of fact that [trial counsel] made no such
        representation and that therefore his representation of the Defendant did
        not fall below the applicable standard.

        *     *      *

        The Petitioner alleges that one inducement to enter his second plea was
        that [trial counsel] erroneously advised that he might be sentenced to
        serve his sentence at 100%. That advice was never given. The parties
        announced during the second plea acceptance hearing that it was a
        condition of the Defendant’s open plea that whatever sentence was
        imposed would be imposed at [thirty percent]. That was said again when
        the negotiated sentence was announced on May 16, 2014. What
        apparently happened was the [Petitioner] asked [trial counsel] what
        would happen if the judge set the sentence at [one-hundred percent]
        instead of the negotiated percentage of [thirty percent], and [trial
        counsel] said quite accurately that the Defendant could and should
        appeal such a decision.

       The record supports the trial court’s findings. Trial counsel’s testimony at the
post-conviction hearing does not reflect that he told Petitioner that Petitioner was
required to receive the same sentence as his co-defendant. Trial counsel testified that he
told Petitioner that the State was agreeable to a sentence that would be “something that’s
going to be in effect close to [fifteen] years.” At the time, Petitioner’s co-defendant had
been sentenced to fifteen years at one-hundred percent. Petitioner agreed that the
sentence of twenty-five years at thirty percent release eligibility was better than what his
co-defendant had received at the time.

       As for advice concerning release eligibility, Petitioner was already aware that he
could not be sentenced at one-hundred percent release eligibility as his first guilty plea
was set aside for that very reason. The post-conviction court obviously accredited trial
counsel’s testimony that the only way he would have told Petitioner that he could again
be sentenced at one-hundred percent was if he and Petitioner had been talking about some
kind of “weird hypothetical.” Petitioner has not shown that trial counsel’s performance
was deficient or that he was prejudiced by any alleged deficiency concerning this issue.
Petitioner is not entitled to relief on this issue.

                                     CONCLUSION

       Based upon the foregoing authorities and reasoning, we affirm the post-conviction
court’s dismissal of the petition.

                                   ____________________________________________
                                   THOMAS T. WOODALL, PRESIDING JUDGE

                                           - 13 -