Court Opinion

ID: 4522821
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-04-06 18:00:20.827761+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:42:38.799410
License: Public Domain

Case: 19-20043      Document: 00515372613         Page: 1    Date Filed: 04/06/2020

           IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                    FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
                                                                          United States Court of Appeals

                                    No. 19-20043
                                                                                   Fifth Circuit

                                                                                 FILED
                                  Summary Calendar                            April 6, 2020
                                                                            Lyle W. Cayce
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                                                        Clerk

                                                 Plaintiff-Appellee

v.

CESAR ARELLANO ORTUNO, also known as Pollo,

                                                 Defendant-Appellant

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Southern District of Texas
                             USDC No. 4:18-CR-143-2

Before DAVIS, SMITH, and HIGGINSON, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM: *
       Cesar Arellano Ortuno plead guilty, without the benefit of a plea
agreement, to one count of conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute a
quantity of 500 grams or more of a mixture or substance containing
methamphetamine, in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 846, 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(A)(viii),
and two counts of aiding and abetting in the possession with intent to
distribute a quantity of 500 grams or more of a mixture or substance containing

       * Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH
CIR. R. 47.5.4.
    Case: 19-20043     Document: 00515372613     Page: 2   Date Filed: 04/06/2020

                                  No. 19-20043

methamphetamine, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2 and § 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(A)(viii).
He received a two-level enhancement pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 2D1.1(b)(5)
because his offense involved the importation of methamphetamine. He was
sentenced to a total term of 210 months of imprisonment and five years of
supervised release.
      According to Ortuno, the district court erred in finding that his offense
involved the importation of methamphetamine because the evidence was
insufficient to support such a conclusion. Since Ortuno did not raise this
argument before the district court, we review for plain error on appeal. See
United States v. Benitez, 809 F.3d 243, 249 (5th Cir. 2015); see also United
States v. Torres-Perez, 777 F.3d 764, 766 (5th Cir. 2015) (noting that this court,
not the parties, determines the appropriate standard of review).
      In the presentence report (PSR), the probation officer—relying upon law
enforcement     investigative   files   and    reports—concluded       that   the
methamphetamine recovered in this case was imported from Mexico. The
district court also heard testimony at sentencing from an experienced federal
agent that, in light of the large quantity and the high purity level of the
methamphetamine in this case, the drugs had been imported from Mexico. The
same agent also testified regarding intercepted telephone calls between one of
Ortuno’s co-defendants and a man in Mexico in which they discussed details of
an upcoming delivery of methamphetamine that were consistent with a
delivery of methamphetamine received by Ortuno. The information in the
PSR, coupled with the testimony at sentencing, supports a finding that the
methamphetamine in this case was imported from Mexico, see United States v.
Serfass, 684 F.3d 548, 553-54 (5th Cir. 2012); the district court committed no
error, much less a clear or obvious error, see Puckett v. United States, 556 U.S.
129, 135 (2009).

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    Case: 19-20043     Document: 00515372613        Page: 3   Date Filed: 04/06/2020

                                  No. 19-20043

      Ortuno also argues that the district court erred in concluding that
§ 2D1.1(b)(5)   does   not   require   that   the    defendant    know    that   the
methamphetamine was imported. This argument is foreclosed by Serfass, 684
F.3d at 553-54, and United States v. Foulks, 747 F.3d 914, 915 (5th Cir. 2014).
See United States v. Kearby, 943 F.3d 969, 976 & n.8 (5th Cir. 2019)
(recognizing that Serfass and Foulks foreclose this argument), petition for cert.
filed (U.S. Feb. 18, 2020) (No.19-7735). Ortuno acknowledges that this issue
is foreclosed by Serfass, but he argues that Serfass was wrongly decided and
that this court should revisit the issue in light of United States v. Job, 871 F.3d
852 (9th Cir. 2017) (declining to adopt this court’s conclusion that § 2D1.1(b)(5)
does not require a mens rea element). However, one panel of this court may
not overrule a decision made by a prior panel “[a]bsent an intervening Supreme
Court or en banc decision or a change in statutory law.” United States v. Treft,
447 F.3d 421, 425 (5th Cir. 2006).     Accordingly, the judgment of the district
court is AFFIRMED.

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