Court Opinion

ID: 9389092
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-04-24 17:00:59.87304+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:18:25.074169
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                        FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        APR 24 2023
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                              FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

LEONARDO CRUZ-CHAVEZ,                           No.    18-71430

                Petitioner,                     Agency No. A201-290-014

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney
General,

                Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                              Submitted April 17, 2023**

Before:      CLIFTON, R. NELSON, and BRESS, Circuit Judges.

      Leonardo Cruz-Chavez, a native and citizen of Mexico, petitions pro se for

review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ order dismissing his appeal from an

immigration judge’s decision denying his applications for asylum, withholding of

removal, and protection under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). We have

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review de novo questions of law.

Mohammed v. Gonzales, 400 F.3d 785, 791-92 (9th Cir. 2005). We review for

substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings. Conde Quevedo v. Barr, 947

F.3d 1238, 1241 (9th Cir. 2020). We deny the petition for review.

      Because Cruz-Chavez does not challenge the agency’s determinations as to

his claims based on the proposed particular social groups of “individuals who

oppose drug cartels and gangs” and “an individual returning to Mexico from the

United States who will be perceived as having money,” we do not address them.

See Lopez-Vasquez v. Holder, 706 F.3d 1072, 1079-80 (9th Cir. 2013).

      Substantial evidence supports the agency’s determination that Cruz-Chavez

failed to establish he was or would be persecuted on account of his membership in

the proposed particular social group of his family. See INS v. Elias-Zacarias, 502

U.S. 478, 483 (1992) (an applicant “must provide some evidence of [motive],

direct or circumstantial”); see also Zetino v. Holder, 622 F.3d 1007, 1016 (9th Cir.

2010) (an applicant’s “desire to be free from harassment by criminals motivated by

theft or random violence by gang members bears no nexus to a protected ground”).

       Cruz-Chavez’s contentions that the agency failed to properly address his

claim based on family membership, erred in its application of law, and denied him

due process, are not supported by the record.

                                         2                                    18-71430
      Because Cruz-Chavez’s asylum claim fails on the merits, we need not reach

his remaining contentions regarding whether he established changed or

extraordinary circumstances to excuse his untimely asylum application and

whether he is a class member under Rojas v. Johnson, 305 F. Supp. 3d 1176, 1179

(W.D. Wash. 2018). See Simeonov v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 532, 538 (9th Cir. 2004)

(courts and agencies are not required to decide issues unnecessary to the results

they reach).

      Thus, Cruz-Chavez’s asylum and withholding of removal claims fail.

      Because Cruz-Chavez does not challenge the agency’s denial of CAT

protection, we do not address it. See Lopez-Vasquez, 706 F.3d at 1079-80.

      The temporary stay of removal remains in place until the mandate issues.

      PETITION FOR REVIEW DENIED.

                                          3                                   18-71430