Court Opinion

ID: 1082738
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 21:03:01.050662+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:33:33.285384
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
                                     AT JACKSON
                                 APRIL 1998 SESSION

HARRY MCLEMORE, JR.,                                      )
                                                          )
          Petitioner,                                     ) C. C. A. NO. 02C01-9711-CC-00436
                                                          )
vs.                                                       ) LAUDERDALE COUNTY
                                                          )
ALTON HESSON, WARDEN,

          Respondent.
                                                          ) No. 4982
                                                          )
                                                          )
                                                                                  FILED
                                                                                      April 29, 1998

                                                                                  Cecil Crowson, Jr.
                                                       ORDER                      Appellate C ourt Clerk

                   This case represents an appeal from the denial of the petitioner’s petition

for writ of habeas corpus. The petitioner was originally indicted on one count of rape in

May 1965, and he was subsequently convicted of the same and sentenced to life

imprisonment. In July 1997, the petitioner filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus

challenging the sufficiency of the indictment entered against him. The trial court denied

relief.

                   On appeal,1 the petitioner argues that the indictment is invalid because it

failed to assert an essential element of the offense, i.e., the mens rea, and that his

conviction, therefore, cannot stand.

                   At the time of the offense in this case, rape was defined as “the unlawful

carnal knowledge of a woman, forcibly and against her will.” See T.C.A. § 39-3701

(1975). The indictment in the case before us charged that the petitioner “did unlawfully

and feloniously have unlawful carnal knowledge of [the victim], a female, forcibly and

against her will.” This language was sufficient under the law as it existed at the time.

The statutory requirements for an indictment were found in T.C.A. § 40-1802 (now § 40-

13-202 (1997)), which provided simply that:

          1
             The record reflects that the petitioner did not timely file his notice of appeal in this matter. The
trial co urt or der d enying relief w as en tered on A ugu st 11 , 199 7, bu t the n otice of ap pea l was not file d unt il
Nov em ber 5 , 199 7. Ho weve r, pur sua nt to T .R.A .P. 4( a), we have decid ed to waive the tim ely filing in this
case.
                The indictment must state the facts constituting the offense in
         ordinary and concise language, without prolixity or repetition, in such a
         manner as to enable a person of common understanding to know what is
         intended, and with that degree of certainty which will enable the court, on
         conviction, to pronounce the proper judgment.

Furthermore, in Campbell v. State, 491 S.W.2d 359, 361 (Tenn. 1973) (emphasis

supplied), while addressing the sufficiency of an indictment charging the offense of

murder, our Supreme Court stated the following:

                  While it seems clear that the indictment in Witt was insufficient in
         that it failed to charge an element, that the murder was committed
         unlawfully, in either the language of the statute or common law or words
         of equivalent import, the decision is confusing because of the language,
         ‘fatally defective in omitting the charge that the offense was committed
         feloniously, or with malice aforethought; and containing no words of
         equivalent import.’ It is clear, however, that had the indictment used the
         words ‘feloniously’ or ‘unlawfully’, it would have been sufficient.

                   We agree with this proposition. By containing the words found in the

language of the statute, the indictment at issue here sufficiently apprised the petitioner

of the offense charged under the law at the time, and is therefore valid. See Charles

Edward Orren v. Howard Carlton, Warden, No. 03C01-9704-CR-00141 (Tenn. Crim.

App., Feb. 13, 1998).

                   Although not controlling in the present case,2 the Supreme Court’s recent

opinion in State v. Hill, 954 S.W.2d 725 (Tenn. 1997) supports our conclusion. The

Court stated that “an indictment need not conform to traditionally strict pleading

requirements” and that “in modern practice, it is unnecessary to charge guilty

knowledge unless it is included in the statutory definition of the offense.” Id. at 729.

See also Orren, slip op. at 7 (emphasis added) (“for the indictment to be sufficient in the

present case it need only charge that the accused unlawfully [had carnal knowledge of

the victim forcibly and against her will]”) Having reviewed the language of the

         2
             The decision in Hill is based upon the Court’s interpretation of T.C.A. § 39-11-301, which was
ena cted in 198 9. Th at sta tute p rovid es, in pertin ent p art, th at “[a] culpa ble m enta l state is req uired within
this title unless the definition of the offense plainly dispenses with a mental element.” Prior to 1989,
however, the Criminal Code did not contain a comparable provision.

                                                             2
indictment in this case, we find that it would also suffice under the Supreme Court’s

analysis of the current statutory requirements of notice and form.

              Accordingly, we find that the indictment at issue meets constitutional and

the then-existing statutory requirements, and is therefore valid. It is therefore

ORDERED that the judgment of the trial court is affirmed in accordance with Rule 20,

Rules of the Court of Criminal Appeals.

              Enter, this the ___ day of April, 1998.

                                          ___________________________
                                          DAVID G. HAYES, JUDGE

                                          ___________________________
                                          JOE B. JONES, PRESIDING JUDGE

                                          ___________________________
                                          PAUL G. SUMMERS, JUDGE

                                             3