Court Opinion

ID: 6141660
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-02-05 14:40:39.981535+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:54:40.273146
License: Public Domain

The Surrogate.
The will of the testator contained the "following provisions among others: “My executors shall have charge of my property, manage the same, receive all income thereof, pay all taxes and other necessary expenses for repairs, insurance, etc., and, after deducting all expenses, shall give of the surplus, one third part to my wife, for her sole and separate use, and two third parts thereof to my children, to be divided between them in equal shares, the shares of the minors to be used by their guardians for their support and education.”
“After my youngest child has arrived at the age of twenty-one years, my property shall be divided between my children in equal shares; the share of such of them as may have died before that time leaving lawful issue to go to such issue, and if my said wife is living at that time, she shall receive a portion corresponding with her right of dower. Stipulations herein-before made in favor of my wife are intended to be in lieu of all her dower rights, and other claims whatsó- ■ ever, she may have against me or my estate.”
*245By virtue of the foregoing provisions of the testator’s will, it seems to me that, under the decisions of the - courts of this State, the executors, upon then qualification as such, became trustees of an express trust, in whom the whole estate vested at once, so to remain until the youngest child should become of age, or. should die, being yet in his minority (see Morse v. Morse, 85 N. Y., 53; Vernon v. Vernon, 53 N. Y., 351; Thomson v. Thomson, 55 How. Pr., 494; Leggett v. Perkins, 2 N. Y., 297; Tobias v. Ketchum, 32 N. Y., 319).
At the death of this testator, in 1872, he left a widow and five children, of whom Caroline the youngest was a babe. Caroline died in 1878. The trust estate then became extinguished (Burke v. Valentine, 52 Barb., Muller v. Struppman, 6 Abb. N. C., 350; Butler Butler, 3 Barb. Ch., 310).
What became of Caroline’s interest? Bid it pass to her legal representatives, or to her surviving brothers and sisters as a class, or can it be justly claimed, as is contended by one of the counsel in this proceeding, that the widow is now, by virtue of the statutes of descent, entitled to a portion thereof as realty ?
1st. I hold, with the referee, that the five children of the testator became seized at his death of a vested remainder in his estate, and that, accordingly, Caroline’s brothers and sisters take under the will no larger share in that estate by reason of her death (Livingston v. Greene, 52 N. Y., 118; Lyons v. Mahan, 1 Dem., 180, and cases cited).
2nd. Is any part of Caroline’s interest distributable as realty?
*246As I read the will, it was the testator’s purpose that the executors should sell his real estate upon the death or coming of age of Caroline, and should make immediate division of the proceeds.
The power of sale, though not positively and explicitly conferred, is nevertheless inferentially conferred by those provisions of the will which have been already quoted.
The real estate consists of a single tenement house, and probably could not be partitioned without seriotis impairment of its value. This may well have occurred to the mind of the testator, and, as his language may be fairly construed as conferring the power of sale, it should, in view of the circumstances, be accorded that interpretation (Hetzel v. Barber, 6 Hun, 540; Morse v. Morse, 85 N. Y., 59).
For the purposes of distribution, this power of sale must be deemed to have been already exercised, and to have resulted in converting the whole estate into money.
3rd. It follows, therefore, that, after setting apart for the testator’s widow one third of the proceeds, for yielding her a life income, one fifth of the remaining two thirds, (together with certain sums which have been erroneously paid by the executors to Caroline’s surviving brothers and sisters) must be paid to her personal representative, for distribution under the statute, and the remaining eight fifteenths (less the sums so erroneously paid) to the four surviving children of the testator.
4th. The referee’s report is confirmed, with the modifications above indicated.