Court Opinion

ID: 9685325
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-24 14:30:23.256468+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:05:23.121623
License: Public Domain

CARTER, Justice
(concurring in part and dissenting in part).
I concur on the contempt issue but dissent from the affirmance of the criminal conviction.
For reasons similar to those expressed in my dissent in State v. Tyler, 512 N.W.2d 552, 557-58 (Iowa 1994), I am convinced that the profit expectations, if any, of the alleged victims in this case were not tied to entrepreneurial or managerial efforts of Kraklio or anyone else. The scheme was being promoted on the basis that participants would automatically share in an existing res simply by filling out the necessary forms. Assistance in filling out forms is not an entrepreneurial or managerial endeavor.