Court Opinion

ID: 6114225
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-02-01 13:10:23.221677+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:13:30.298361
License: Public Domain

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Michael Trasatti,                           :
                       Petitioner           :
                                            :
      v.                                    : No. 698 C.D. 2021
                                            : SUBMITTED: November 5, 2021
City of Chester (Workers'                   :
Compensation Appeal Board),                 :
                  Respondent                :

BEFORE:        HONORABLE PATRICIA A. McCULLOUGH, Judge
               HONORABLE MICHAEL H. WOJCIK, Judge
               HONORABLE ELLEN CEISLER, Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION BY
JUDGE CEISLER                                                     FILED: February 1, 2022

      Michael Trasatti (Claimant) petitions for review of the Workers’
Compensation Appeal Board’s (Board) May 25, 2021 Order, which affirmed the
June 26, 2020 Decision and Order of the Workers’ Compensation Judge (WCJ)
granting the City of Chester’s (Employer) petition to suspend Claimant’s workers’
compensation (WC) benefits, and directing Claimant to reimburse Employer for past
benefits. After Claimant was awarded a third-party settlement for the 2011 injury
that occasioned his disability benefits, Employer argued that it was entitled to
subrogation of the recovery as reimbursement for its disability payments. Following
several hearings at which Claimant neither testified nor offered evidence, the WCJ
found in favor of Employer. On appeal, Claimant maintained for the first time that
his disability payments were improperly classified as WC payments but should have
been considered as payments under the state’s Heart and Lung Act,1 and therefore

      1
          Act of June 28, 1935, P.L. 477, as amended, 53 P.S. §§ 637-638.
exempt from subrogation. The Board declined to consider that issue since it had not
been timely raised, and agreed with the WCJ’s conclusion. We affirm.

                                      I.     Background
       Claimant worked in Employer’s Police Department as a supply officer. On
November 23, 2011, during the course of his employment, Claimant slipped and fell
while exiting his vehicle at a supply warehouse. As a result of this fall, Claimant
sustained a partial tear of his left rotator cuff and strains and sprains to his lumbar
and left elbow. WCJ Decision, Findings of Fact (FOF) ¶ 1. To repair those injuries,
Claimant underwent shoulder surgery in May 2013. He never returned to work.
Reproduced Record (R.R.) at 105.
       From May 2013 until January 15, 2014, Employer paid Claimant disability
benefits pursuant to the terms of the Heart and Lung Act.2 Id. at 95. After January
15, 2014, Employer discontinued Heart and Lung benefits and began issuing
Claimant payments pursuant to the Workers’ Compensation Act (the Act).3 Id. at 85-
86. When the WC payments were terminated over four years later,4 Employer had

       2
         The Heart and Lung Act provides public safety officers with their full salary while they
recover from temporary, work-related ailments. Though similar in purpose, WC benefits and Heart
and Lung benefits differ in their legal ramifications. While an employer may seek reimbursement
of WC expenses through subrogation of a beneficiary’s third-party recovery, it may not seek it for
Heart and Lung payments. Oliver v. City of Pittsburgh, 11 A.3d 960, 966 (Pa. 2011).

       3
           Act of June 2, 1915, P.L. 736, as amended, 77 P.S. §§ 1-1041.4, 2501-2710.

       4
           Claimant’s WC benefits had been suspended in 2018 as the result of a separate dispute
with Employer. In March 2016, Employer received a medical expert’s opinion that Claimant was
fit to return to work. Employer offered Claimant a new position, which it characterized as “light
duty,” and offered his pre-injury salary. R.R. at 33. Claimant declined. At the end of that year, he
retired and began collecting a pension, which he maintains was made necessary by his inability to
work. Id. at 105. Employer filed a petition to suspend his WC payments, calling Claimant’s
retirement “voluntary” and arguing that his non-acceptance of the light-duty position lacked a
(Footnote continued on next page…)

                                                 2
disbursed over $300,000 in disability benefits. Id. At some point prior to May 2,
2018,5 Claimant negotiated a settlement with a third-party tortfeasor in the amount
of $433,000. Id. at 85. Employer maintained that it is entitled to subrogation of the
recovery as reimbursement for the WC portion of its payments to Claimant.
Claimant’s counsel put the settlement monies in escrow and advised Employer’s
counsel that he believed there would be an “issue” with subrogation, given that
Claimant had also received Heart and Lung benefits. Id. at 83.
       In pursuit of its alleged subrogation rights, Employer sent repeated requests
to Claimant’s counsel for information about the third-party settlement. However,
Claimant failed to respond to these requests. Employer filed a petition to suspend
Claimant’s benefits on December 31, 2018. Id. at 7. In the petition, Employer also
claimed a total subrogation lien of $318,123.99 as of May 2, 2018, the date when it
learned of the settlement agreement. Id. at 88. Omitted from the total were
Claimant’s $9,411.39 in Heart and Lung benefits. Of the total, Employer argued that
it was entitled to recover up to $297,080.50: $182,204.49 to be awarded upfront,
plus a 57.3% reduction in any future weekly benefits until the remaining balance of
$114,876.01 is paid off.
       Over the following year, the WCJ held three hearings pertaining to
Employer’s petition to suspend benefits and claim for subrogation. In support of its
claim, Employer offered into evidence the following documents: an e-mail sent by
Employer’s counsel to Claimant’s counsel which contained the third-party

medical justification. Id. at 34. The WCJ agreed with Employer, and on August 28, 2019, the Board
affirmed the WCJ. Id.

       5
          May 2, 2018, was the date when Employer learned about the third-party settlement. The
record does not indicate precisely when Claimant reached a settlement agreement with the third
party, since Claimant has never said when it was reached. The settlement statement eventually
disclosed to Employer and the WCJ was undated. Id. at 91.

                                               3
settlement agreement itself; earlier e-mail messages sent by Employer’s counsel to
Claimant’s counsel requesting information regarding the settlement agreement; a
printout of Employer’s insurer’s history showing the date and amount of each
disbursement to Claimant and his counsel; and a message from the insurer to
Employer’s counsel stating the exact amount of Heart and Lung benefits paid to
Claimant. Id. at 38.
      At those hearings, Claimant offered no testimony or other evidence. At the
first scheduled hearing on January 15, 2019, Employer’s counsel advised the WCJ
that Claimant had not yet disclosed any information regarding the settlement with
the third party. The WCJ asked Claimant’s counsel, Lauren Donati, how much time
was needed to share that information with Employer. Ms. Donati responded that she
was “covering for the attorney of record, Robert DeLuca,” and admitted that she
could not “really speak for [DeLuca] with regard to” that issue. “I wasn’t given much
information regarding today’s hearing, so . . . I can’t really speak to whether he
would want to submit testimony or not,” she explained. Id. at 52-53. At the next
hearing on June 13, 2019, Ms. Donati again clarified that she was “here on behalf of
the attorney of record, Robert DeLuca” and that she was “not necessarily aware of
what was going on . . .” Id. at 65. Ms. Donati’s request for 30 days to disclose
settlement information was granted by the WCJ. Id. (It would be several months
before Claimant actually disclosed the third-party settlement information to
Employer.) At a third hearing, on November 14, 2019, neither Claimant nor his
attorney appeared, and, once again, no evidence was presented on his behalf. Id. at
73. Still without any word from Claimant or his counsel, the WCJ found that
Employer met its burden of proof that it was entitled to subrogation of the settlement
earnings, and granted its requested relief on June 26, 2020. FOF ¶¶ 7-9.

                                          4
      Three days after the WCJ issued his decision, Claimant’s counsel sent the
WCJ an unfiled “Brief in Support of [Claimant’s] Answer to the Suspension
Petition,” as well as a letter addressed to the WCJ in which he indicated surprise that
a brief he wrote the previous month had never been filed. R.R. at 134. Counsel
requested that the WCJ reconsider his decision with the brief in mind. There is no
indication in the record that the WCJ ever received or acknowledged the letter or the
unfiled brief. There is also no indication that Employer’s counsel was sent a copy of
the brief or letter that Claimant sent to the WCJ .
      On July 13, 2020, Claimant refashioned the unfiled brief into an appeal to the
Board. Id. at 21. In this appeal, Claimant asserted that his Heart and Lung benefits
had been wrongfully terminated since he had been deprived of his right to a hearing
before the benefits were terminated. See Williams v. Dep’t of Corr., 642 A.2d 608
(Pa. Cmwlth. 1994) (holding that terminating Heart and Lung benefits without a
hearing violates the recipient’s due process rights). Claimant asserted that his
subsequent WC benefits should therefore be classified as Heart and Lung benefits;
and that, accordingly, Employer had no subrogation rights over them. In the
alternative, Claimant argued that Employer should be barred from collecting a lien
amount any higher than $258,565.64. Id. at 23. That figure originates in a December
2016 letter from Employer’s insurer to Claimant’s counsel, which informed
Claimant of the lien total as of the letter’s date. According to Claimant’s counsel, he
had relied on that figure during settlement negotiations, and since the WCJ awarded
a significantly higher amount to Employer, Claimant was “severely prejudiced” by
the outcome. Id.
      The Board ultimately affirmed the WCJ, explaining that as an appellate body,
its role is “not to reweigh evidence . . . but only to determine whether . . . the WCJ’s

                                           5
findings have sufficient support in the record.” Board Op. at 3 (citing Lehigh County
Vo-Tech Sch. v. Workmen’s Comp. Appeal Bd. (Wolfe), 652 A.2d 797, 800 (Pa.
1995)). According to the Board, the issue of the improper termination of Claimant’s
Heart and Lung benefits “was not before the WCJ” and the evidentiary record
supported the WCJ’s decision. Board Op. at 7.6
       This appeal followed.
                                     II.     Appeal Issues
       On appeal to this Court,7 Claimant argues that the conversion of his Heart and
Lung benefits into WC benefits, without a hearing, violated his due process rights.
Claimant further argues that all benefits paid to him should therefore be considered
Heart and Lung Act benefits, which are not subject to subrogation. In the alternative,
Claimant asserts that if Employer is entitled to any relief, it should be limited to the
amount referenced in the 2016 letter from Employer’s insurer to Claimant’s counsel.
Finally, Claimant argues, without explanation, that the Board abused its discretion
when it affirmed the WCJ’s findings in Employer’s favor. Claimant Br. at 10-17.

       6
          Although the Board ruled that Claimant waived his right to assert these issues, it did
briefly address the merits of his arguments. First, the Board acknowledged that Claimant was
correct to assert that Heart and Lung benefits cannot be terminated without a hearing. Board Op.
at 6 (citing Williams, 642 A.2d at 608). However, the Board did not accept as necessarily true that
those benefits are never subject to subrogation. Id. As for the claim that Employer’s recovery is
limited by its insurer’s 2016 letter, the Board simply pointed out that an employer has “an absolute
right to the immediate payment of its lien from a third-party recovery.” Board Op. at 8.

       7
          When this Court reviews rulings by the Board, its scope of review is limited to
determining whether there has been a violation of constitutional rights, errors of law committed,
or a violation of Board procedure, and whether necessary findings of fact were supported by
substantial evidence. Lehigh County Vo-Tech Sch. v. Workmen’s Comp. Appeal Bd. (Wolfe), 652
A.2d 797, 799 (Pa. 1995).

                                                 6
                                         III. Discussion
       It is well settled that an issue is waived unless it is preserved at every stage of
the proceeding. Wheeler v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Reading Hosp. & Med.
Ctr.), 829 A.2d 730, 735 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2003). In the context of WC matters, appeals
are taken on the basis of the record produced before the WCJ. Dobransky v. Workers’
Comp. Appeal Bd. (Cont’l Baking Co.), 701 A.2d 597, 599 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1997).
Legal issues and facts not presented to the factfinder cannot be asserted on appeal
without sacrificing the integrity, efficiency, and orderly administration of the WC
scheme of redress for a work-related injury or occupational disease. DeMarco v.
Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., 522 A.2d 26, 29 (Pa. 1987).
       In this case, despite numerous opportunities, Claimant failed to participate in
the proceedings before the WCJ. Claimant’s attempt to rectify the situation via an
ex parte communication with the WCJ was procedurally faulty and professionally
irresponsible. Furthermore, Claimant never offered the Board an explanation for
why the issues in his appeal were never raised before the WCJ.8 Thus, the Board did
not abuse its discretion by affirming the WCJ’s decision based on the record that
was before the WCJ.

       8
          Claimant is hardly more forthright in his appeal to this Court. In his brief, he maintains
that, contrary to the Board’s opinion, “Claimant preserved his argument[s] . . . as reflected in the
Briefs and submissions to the WCJ.” Claimant’s Br. at 14. However, Claimant’s citations to the
record merely refer to the ex parte and unfiled brief that Claimant’s counsel had sent to the WCJ.
In the brief to this Court, counsel argues that, “contrary to the opinion of Commissioner
Cummings,” the appeal issues had been “raised and preserved” before the WCJ. Claimant Br. at
15. However, in his June 29, 2020 letter to the WCJ, counsel acknowledges that a brief raising
those issues “was never filed with [the WCJ’s] offices.” R.R. at 134. Additionally, in Claimant’s
brief to this Court, counsel refers to several items in the record to support the claim that the issues
had been preserved. Claimant Br. at 14-15 (citing R.R. at 22, 103, 117, 134, 141). One of those
items is the unfiled brief that accompanied the June 29, 2020 letter. The rest are citations to
Claimant’s appeal to the Board rather than to any documents submitted to the WCJ.

                                                  7
      In review, this Court must determine whether the WCJ’s findings of fact were
supported by evidence that a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support
the WCJ’s decision. The Court may reverse only if it finds that the Board acted in a
manifestly unreasonable manner when it affirmed the WCJ’s decision. Payne v.
Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Elwyn, Inc.), 928 A.2d 377, 379 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2007).
      Since Claimant presented no evidence, the WCJ relied on the four exhibits
presented by Employer, all of which proved that a third-party settlement with the
Claimant existed. Claimant never disputed the authenticity of these records, nor the
assertions made therein. Claimant has therefore failed to provide this court with a
single reason why it should second-guess the WCJ’s broad factfinding authority, or
the Board’s discretion in affirming his decision. For the foregoing reasons, we affirm
the Board.

                                       __________________________________
                                       ELLEN CEISLER, Judge

                                          8
             IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Michael Trasatti,                    :
                    Petitioner       :
                                     :
      v.                             :   No. 698 C.D. 2021
                                     :
City of Chester (Workers’            :
Compensation Appeal Board),          :
                  Respondent         :

                                    ORDER

      AND NOW, this 1st day of February, 2022, the May 25, 2021, order of the
Workers’ Compensation Appeal Board is AFFIRMED.

                                   __________________________________
                                   ELLEN CEISLER, Judge