Court Opinion

ID: 3215943
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-06-22 16:09:20.331272+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:30:06.351229
License: Public Domain

STATE OF MICHIGAN

                           COURT OF APPEALS

PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN,                                    UNPUBLISHED
                                                                    June 21, 2016
               Plaintiff-Appellee,

v                                                                   No. 325973
                                                                    Wayne Circuit Court
DARIUS THERIOT,                                                     LC No. 11-008423-FC

               Defendant-Appellant.

Before: MURPHY, P.J., and SAAD and BORRELLO, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

        Defendant appeals his resentencing after remand by this Court in People v Matthews,
unpublished opinion per curiam of the Court of Appeals, issued December 19, 2013 (Docket
Nos. 308369 & 308640). Defendant was convicted after a jury trial of second-degree murder,
MCL 750.317, three counts of assault with intent to murder, MCL 750.83, possession of a
firearm during the commission of a felony (felony-firearm), MCL 750.227b, and assault of a
pregnant person causing death to a fetus, MCL 750.90b(a). The trial court originally sentenced
defendant, as a second habitual offender, MCL 769.10, to 45 to 80 years’ imprisonment for the
second-degree murder conviction and each of the three assault with intent to murder convictions,
two years’ imprisonment for the felony-firearm conviction, and 10 to 15 years’ imprisonment for
the assault of a pregnant person causing death to a fetus conviction. After this Court remanded
for resentencing, the trial court sentenced defendant to 35 to 45 years’ imprisonment for the
second-degree murder conviction and each of the three assault with intent to murder convictions,
two years’ imprisonment for the felony-firearm conviction, and 10 to 15 years’ imprisonment for
the assault of a pregnant person causing miscarriage conviction. For the reasons provided below,
we affirm.

      On appeal, defendant argues that he is entitled to resentencing in light of the trial court’s
improper assessment of 15 points for offense variable (OV) 5 at the resentencing. We disagree.

        “Under the sentencing guidelines, the circuit court’s factual determinations [normally]
are reviewed for clear error and must be supported by a preponderance of the evidence.” People
v Hardy, 494 Mich. 430, 438; 835 NW2d 340 (2013). However, defendant failed to preserve his
challenge to the assessment of OV 5 by raising it at sentencing, in a motion for resentencing, or a
motion to remand. MCL 769.34(10); People v Kimble, 470 Mich. 305, 311-312; 684 NW2d 669
(2004). Thus, this Court reviews unpreserved challenges to the trial court’s assessment of

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sentencing variables for plain error affecting defendant’s substantial rights. Kimble, 470 Mich. at
312. This Court also reviews de novo, as a question of law, the proper interpretation of the
sentencing guidelines. People v Gullett, 277 Mich. App. 214, 217; 744 NW2d 200 (2007).

        Defendant claims that there are no facts in the record to support the trial court’s
assessment of OV 5 at 15 points. OV 5 is “psychological injury to a member of a victim’s
family.” MCL 777.35. The trial court must assess 15 points for OV 5 when “[s]erious
psychological injury requiring professional treatment occurred to a . . . victim’s family.” MCL
777.35(1)(a). In assessing this variable, “the fact that treatment has not been sought is not
conclusive,” and an assessment of 15 points is appropriate when “serious psychological injury to
the victim’s family may require professional treatment.” MCL 777.35(2) (emphasis added).
Alternatively, OV 5 should be assessed at zero points where no serious psychological injury
requiring professional treatment occurred to a victim’s family. MCL 777.35(1)(b).

        Defendant is correct that the Presentence Investigation Report (PSIR) does not itself
provide evidence to support the assessment of OV 5 at 15 points. Under the Victim’s Impact
Statement heading, the Presentence Investigation Report (PSIR) indicates that “Ms. Rynetta
Dukes, mother of the deceased, stated that she did want to make a statement and stated that she
was writing a statement out and would mail it. However, as of the date of this report, the
statement has not been received.” The Victim’s Impact Statement contains information
regarding the effects of defendant’s crime on several victims, but remains silent on whether
Dukes, the mother of the second-degree murder victim and the only “relative” of a victim
mentioned in the PSIR, had suffered psychological trauma as a result of her pregnant daughter’s
murder or the loss of her future grandson, her daughter’s unborn child. However, a sentencing
court’s consideration is not limited to the PSIR. Rather, “a sentencing court may consider all
record evidence before it when calculating guidelines.” People v Althoff, 280 Mich. App. 524,
541; 760 NW2d 764 (2008). At defendant’s original sentencing hearing, the prosecution
indicated that, subsequent to the PSIR’s preparation, Dukes had provided an impact statement.
The prosecutor conveyed her message to the court:

              [Dukes] is the mother of [the second-degree murder victim]. She is a
       resident of Alabama. She contacted our victim’s advocate and indicated that she
       could not make it up to the sentencing. She had been up twice for the preliminary
       examination. There were two dates for the preliminary examination.

              She indicated that the whole situation was very stressful for her. The loss
       of her grandchild, never getting to know her grandchild, that was the subject
       matter of the last count in this case, has been extremely hard for her and she’s in
       counseling in Alabama. So that’s, that is it as it relates to the victim impact
       statements. And we do have victim impact statements here.

        Duke’s impact statement, as read by the prosecutor at defendant’s original sentencing
hearing, was sufficient to support the trial court’s assessment of OV 5 at 15 points. Duke clearly
stated that her daughter’s murder was causing her stress and that she was affected by the loss of
her grandson, the victim of defendant’s crime of assault causing death to a fetus. She stated that
she had already sought counseling as a result of this stress and psychological damage. The fact
that this evidence was presented at defendant initial sentencing and not his resentencing is of no

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consequence because the trial court may assess sentencing variables based on any evidence in the
record. See id. Accordingly, the trial court did not clearly err when it scored OV 5 at 15 points.
Likewise, defendant’s claim that his counsel was ineffective for failing to object to the trial
court’s scoring of OV 5 necessarily fails, as defense counsel is not ineffective for failing to raise
meritless objections. See People v Ericksen, 288 Mich. App. 192, 201; 793 NW2d 120 (2010).

        In defendant’s Standard 4 brief, he argues that he is entitled to a different judge upon
resentencing. However, because the trial court’s assessment of OV 5 was proper, resentencing is
not required and defendant’s request for resentencing before a different judge on the basis of
judicial bias is moot and will not be considered.

       Affirmed.

                                                              /s/ William B. Murphy
                                                              /s/ Henry William Saad
                                                              /s/ Stephen L. Borrello

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