Court Opinion

ID: 2793517
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-04-14 15:06:47.040315+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:29:05.173359
License: Public Domain

MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this                          Apr 14 2015, 9:46 am
Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as
precedent or cited before any court except for the
purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata,
collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT                                    ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Ryan P. Dillon                                            Gregory F. Zoeller
Franklin, Indiana                                         Attorney General of Indiana
                                                          Christina D. Pace
                                                          Deputy Attorney General
                                                          Indianapolis, Indiana

                                             IN THE
    COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

Joshua Donica,                                            April 14, 2015

Appellant-Defendant,                                      Court of Appeals Cause No.
                                                          55A01-1408-CR-346
        v.                                                Appeal from the Morgan Superior
                                                          Court.
State of Indiana,                                         The Honorable Christopher L.
                                                          Burnham, Judge.
Appellee-Plaintiff
                                                          Cause No. 55D02-1210-CM-1346

Riley, Judge.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision | 55A01-1408-CR-346 | April 14, 2015      Page 1 of 6
                                    STATEMENT OF THE CASE
[1]   Appellant-Defendant, Joshua Donica (Donica), appeals his conviction for

      criminal mischief, as a Class A misdemeanor, Ind. Code § 35-43-1-2(a)(1)

      (2013).

[2]   We affirm.

                                                     ISSUE

[3]   Donica raises one issue on appeal, which we restate as: Whether the State

      presented sufficient evidence beyond a reasonable doubt to sustain Donica’s

      conviction.

                             FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

[4]   The facts most favorable to the judgment are as follows. On November 5, 2013,

      Devin Noel (Devin), his wife Cynthia (Cynthia), and step-daughter

      (collectively, the Noels) were driving on Grizzly Lane in Morgan County,

      Indiana. They planned on returning a weed wacker they had previously

      borrowed from Cynthia’s sister-in-law. However, finding no one at home, the

      Noels turned around and returned home. When driving to their residence, they

      passed the house of Donica and Devin’s sister, Jessica Noel.

[5]   While stopped at a stop sign at the intersection of Ballinger and Wilbur Road,

      Donica’s truck approached them from behind at very high speed and pulled up

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision | 55A01-1408-CR-346 | April 14, 2015   Page 2 of 6
      to the left side of the Noels’ vehicle. Donica exited his truck and started yelling

      at the Noels that they were not allowed to be on his road. Donica carried a

      wooden axe handle in his hand and began to approach the Noels’ car. Devin

      turned right and continued to drive to the Noels’ residence. Donica returned to

      his vehicle and followed them. Afraid that Donica would run them off the

      road, Cynthia made Devin pull over on the side of the street. Donica again

      exited his car and, this time, swung the wooden handle, hitting the Noels’ car

      two to three times.

[6]   After the altercation ended, the Noels filed a police report with the Morgan

      County Sheriff’s Department. Morgan County Sheriff’s Deputy Jeremy Long

      (Deputy Long) spoke with Cynthia, took photos of the damage, and requested

      her to get a cost estimate to fix the damage to the vehicle. Cynthia provided

      Deputy Long with a document from Weida’s Collision in Martinsville, which

      estimated the damages at $971.43.

[7]   On October 10, 2013, the State filed an Information, charging Donica with a

      Class A misdemeanor criminal mischief. On July 14, 2014, the trial court

      conducted a bench trial, at the close of which the trial court found Donica

      guilty as charged. On the same day, the trial court imposed a 180-day executed

      sentence. On October 21, 2014, pursuant to a sentence modification, Donica

      was sentenced to 365 days with ninety days executed and 275 days suspended.

      Additionally, Donica was placed on probation for 300 days.

[8]   Donica now appeals. Additional facts will be provided as necessary.

      Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision | 55A01-1408-CR-346 | April 14, 2015   Page 3 of 6
                                   DISCUSSION AND DECISION

[9]    Donica contends that the State failed to present sufficient evidence beyond a

       reasonable doubt to support his conviction for criminal mischief, a Class A

       misdemeanor. Generally, in addressing a claim of insufficient evidence, an

       appellate court must consider only the probative evidence and reasonable

       inferences supporting the judgment, without weighing evidence or assessing

       witness credibility, and determine therefrom whether a reasonable trier of fact

       could have found the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. Glenn v.

       State, 884 N.E.2d 347, 355 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008), trans. denied.

[10]   To convict Donica of criminal mischief as a Class A misdemeanor, the State

       was required to establish that Donica “recklessly, knowingly, or intentionally

       damage[d], or defaced[d] property of another person without the other person’s

       consent” and “the pecuniary loss is at least two hundred fifty dollars ($250) but

       less than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500).” I.C. § 35-43-1-2(a)(1)

       (2013). In his appellate brief, Donica solely focuses on whether the State

       sufficiently established the statutory damage element. Specifically, Donica

       maintains that because the written estimate was never admitted into evidence,

       the actual value of the damages remains unclear. “Reliance upon a non-

       itemized ‘estimate’ alone when the damage was not actually repaired in

       accordance with said estimate does not equate to a ‘pecuniary loss’ under the

       statute.” (Appellant’s Br. p. 5). We disagree.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision | 55A01-1408-CR-346 | April 14, 2015   Page 4 of 6
[11]   Without proof of the amount of damages, criminal mischief cannot be elevated

       to a greater offense. Pepper v. State, 558 N.E.2d 899, 900 (Ind. Ct. App. 1990).

       However, “[o]nce it is established that the amount of damages is over [the

       threshold amount set forth in the statute], the exact amount is irrelevant in

       completing that element of the crime.” Mitchell v. State, 559 N.E.2d 313, 314

       (Ind. Ct. App. 1990), trans. denied.

[12]   At trial, Deputy Long testified that Cynthia submitted an estimate for the

       damage to the vehicle a couple of days after filing the report. He affirmed that

       he “actually received that document” and “wrote” down the estimate of

       $971.43. (Transcript p. 42). Deputy Long clarified that he then sent the

       estimate “to the prosecutor’s office with the rest of the report.” (Tr. p. 42). In

       addition, Devin testified that he had obtained an estimate from Weida’s

       Collision in Martinsville for “[n]ine hundred and some dollars.” (Tr. p. 24).

[13]   In support of his argument that the damage element was insufficiently

       established, Donica references a statement from the trial court, in which the

       court declared:

               As far as restitution is concerned, I would direct that the victims bring
               a civil action. They can obtain up to three times their action, prove
               damages, and attorney fees. So they can prove their case that way and
               receive their damages that way as well. I don’t want to get into a
               squabble as to what is an appropriate amount of damages here because
               it’s pretty . . . obviously there may be some other questions as to what
               else was getting fixed that might not be related to this. So I’ll let the
               civil process deal with that.

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision | 55A01-1408-CR-346 | April 14, 2015   Page 5 of 6
       (Tr. p. 70). Donica asserts that this statement expresses a concern about the

       correctness of the estimate. However, the trial court’s advice was rendered after

       Donica was found guilty of the crime and during the restitution phase of the

       sentencing. See I.C. § 35-50-5-3 (a trial court can impose restitution after

       finding the defendant guilty). Accordingly, the trial court’s statement was not a

       reflection on the amount of the damage to elevate the charge to a Class A

       misdemeanor—which was clearly over the threshold for the Class A

       misdemeanor charge—but rather on the value of the damages as it pertained to

       restitution.

[14]   In sum, Donica did not present any contrary evidence and does not claim that

       the witnesses were unqualified to render testimony as to the damage element of

       the Class A misdemeanor criminal mischief statute. See Womack v. State, 738

       N.E.2d 320, 325 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000), trans. denied. In essence, Donica simply

       asks us to reweigh the evidence presented at the bench trial, which we will not

       do. Accordingly, we affirm the trial court’s conviction.

                                               CONCLUSION

[15]   Based on the foregoing, we hold that the State established Donica’s conviction

       for criminal mischief as a Class A misdemeanor beyond a reasonable doubt.

[16]   Affirmed.

[17]   Bailey, J. and Barnes, J. concur

       Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision | 55A01-1408-CR-346 | April 14, 2015   Page 6 of 6