Court Opinion

ID: 4273850
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-05-09 20:00:29.743417+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:33:39.056485
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        MAY 9 2018
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

BRETT HAMILTON, a single individual,            No.    16-35831

                Plaintiff-Appellant,            D.C. No. 3:15-cv-05587-BHS

 v.
                                                MEMORANDUM*
KITSAP COUNTY,

                Defendant-Appellee.

                   Appeal from the United States District Court
                     for the Western District of Washington
                   Benjamin H. Settle, District Judge, Presiding

                             Submitted May 7, 2018**
                               Seattle, Washington

Before: GOULD and IKUTA, Circuit Judges, and FREUDENTHAL,*** Chief
District Judge.

      In 2012, Brett Hamilton was a corrections officer for the Kitsap County Jail.

Without authorization from his supervisors, he began anonymously texting an

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      ***
              The Honorable Nancy Freudenthal, Chief United States District Judge
for the District of Wyoming, sitting by designation.
inmate’s wife, Ashley Caseria (“Ashley”), allegedly in an effort to get information

from her about her husband’s practice of gaming the prison calling system to call

her for free and about an alleged attempt by her husband to get grievance leave

when it wasn’t justified. Hamilton first attempted to impersonate Ashley’s

incarcerated husband and later to impersonate her recently deceased mother via

text message.

      His supervisors learned of his activities and reported Hamilton to the Port

Orchard Police Department. Hamilton lied to the police officer tasked with

investigating the complaint, denying texting Ashley.1 Hamilton was later charged

with telephone harassment and with lying to a public servant. He entered a pretrial

diversion agreement.

      The Kitsap County Sheriff’s Office (“KCSO”) also conducted its own

administrative investigation into Hamilton’s behavior. Hamilton was represented

by the Kitsap County Corrections Guild (“the Guild”) during this investigation,

and was ultimately terminated after investigation. The Guild filed two grievances

on Hamilton’s behalf. Both grievances were denied. After the denials, the Guild

declined to take the matter to arbitration, citing the weakness of Hamilton’s case.

      1
       Hamilton argues that he did not know that the person he was speaking to
was a police officer, but there is no dispute that he did in fact lie to a police officer.

                                            2
      Hamilton then sued Kitsap County (“the County”), alleging violations of his

Fourteenth Amendment right to pursue his occupation and breach of contract based

on the County’s alleged violation of a Collective Bargaining Agreement (“CBA”)

between the County and the Guild. The district court granted summary judgment

to the County. Hamilton appeals. We affirm.

      The governing legal rule is clear: “We have held that a plaintiff can make

out a substantive due process claim if she is unable to pursue an occupation and

this inability is caused by government actions that were arbitrary and lacking a

rational basis.” Engquist v. Oregon Dep’t of Agric., 478 F.3d 985, 997 (9th Cir.

2007). The decision to terminate Hamilton was not arbitrary and instead was

wholly reasonable given his conduct. Further, it was reasonable for KCSO to

inform the Bremerton Police Department, with which Hamilton served as a reserve

officer, about Hamilton’s conduct due to KCSO’s public safety concerns about

Hamilton persisting in that position. See Patel v. Penman, 103 F.3d 868, 874 (9th

Cir. 1996). That Hamilton has faced subsequent issues in securing employment

because he must explain his previous terminations does not violate Hamilton’s

substantive due process rights. Thus we affirm the district court’s grant of

                                         3
summary judgment for the County on Hamilton’s Fourteenth Amendment claim.

See id.2

         Hamilton’s breach of contract claim is barred because he did not exhaust his

administrative remedies, and Hamilton cannot show that in choosing not to pursue

his grievance to arbitration his Guild “acted arbitrarily, discriminatorily, or in bad

faith.” See Lew v. Seattle Sch. Dist. No. 1, 736 P.2d 690, 692 (Wash. App. 1987)

(internal citation omitted). And we see no other reason to excuse the exhaustion

requirement here. See Clayton v. Int’l Union, United Auto., Aerospace, & Agric.

Implement Workers of Am., 451 U.S. 679, 689 (1981). We thus affirm the district

court’s grant of summary judgment to the County on Hamilton’s breach of contract

claim.

         The County’s request for sanctions against Hamilton for filing this appeal is

denied.

         AFFIRMED.

         2
        Hamilton also argues that the County violated his constitutional rights
because it did not force the Port Orchard Police Department to conduct its criminal
investigation into Hamilton’s conduct in accord with the protections the CBA
promises in administrative investigations. We reject this argument as meritless.

                                            4