Court Opinion

ID: 4360801
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-01-22 21:00:40.7357+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:46:49.054900
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        JAN 22 2019
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

RENE EDGARDO ANDRES-CRUZ; et al.,               No.    18-70162

                Petitioners,                    Agency Nos.       A208-377-914
                                                                  A208-377-915
 v.                                                               A208-373-976
                                                                  A208-373-977
MATTHEW G. WHITAKER, Acting
Attorney General,
                                                MEMORANDUM*
                Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                           Submitted January 15, 2019**

Before:      TROTT, TALLMAN, and CALLAHAN, Circuit Judges.

      Rene Edgardo Andres-Cruz and his family, natives and citizens of El

Salvador, petition for review of the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (“BIA”) order

dismissing their appeal from an immigration judge’s decision denying their

application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Against Torture. Our jurisdiction is governed by 8 U.S.C. § 1252. We review de

novo questions of law, Cerezo v. Mukasey, 512 F.3d 1163, 1166 (9th Cir. 2008),

except to the extent that deference is owed to the BIA’s interpretation of the

governing statutes and regulations, Simeonov v. Ashcroft, 371 F.3d 532, 535 (9th

Cir. 2004). We review for substantial evidence the agency’s factual findings.

Zehatye v. Gonzales, 453 F.3d 1182, 1184-85 (9th Cir. 2006). We dismiss in part

and deny in part the petition for review.

        We lack jurisdiction to consider petitioners’ proposed social group of

“former police officers” that they raise for the first time in their opening brief. See

Barron v. Ashcroft, 358 F.3d 674, 677-78 (9th Cir. 2004).

        The agency did not err in finding that petitioners’ proposed social group of

“police officers in El Salvador targeted for harm by gangs” is not cognizable. See

Cruz-Navarro v. INS, 232 F.3d 1024, 1029-30 (9th Cir. 2000) (current status as a

police officer is not a cognizable protected group under the Immigration and

Nationality Act). Thus, petitioners’ asylum and withholding of removal claims

fail.

        Substantial evidence supports the agency’s denial of CAT relief because

petitioners failed to show it is more likely than not that they would be tortured by

or with the consent or acquiescence of the Salvadoran government. See Aden v.

Holder, 589 F.3d 1040, 1047 (9th Cir. 2009).

                                            2                                    18-70162
PETITION FOR REVIEW DISMISSED in part; DENIED in part.

                          3                          18-70162