Court Opinion

ID: 2189837
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-30 08:33:55.489151+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:07:10.956164
License: Public Domain

235 Cal. App. 2d 689 (1965)
45 Cal. Rptr. 651
CENTRAL BASIN MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT, Petitioner,
v.
CARL FOSSETTE, as Secretary of Central Basin Municipal Water District, Respondent; AZUSA AGRICULTURAL WATER COMPANY et al., Real Parties in Interest.
Docket No. 29447.
Court of Appeals of California, Second District, Division One.
July 15, 1965.
*691 Burris & Lagerlof, Stanley C. Lagerlof, H. Jess Senecal and Jack T. Swafford for Petitioner.
Surr & Hellyer, Clayson, Stark, Rothrock & Mann and John B. Surr, as Amici Curiae on behalf of Petitioner.
Tuttle & Taylor, William A. Norris and Alan Beban for Respondent.
No appearance for Real Parties in Interest.
FRAMPTON, J. pro tem.[*]
The petition herein was filed on May 19, 1965, in the Supreme Court and was thereafter transferred here for decision.
Petitioner seeks a writ of mandate to compel respondent, as its secretary, to certify to the passage and adoption of its resolution Number 2-65-185, and to transmit a duly certified copy thereof to the Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District.
Petitioner is a municipal water district organized under the Municipal Water District Law of 1911, as amended. (Stats. 1963, ch. 156, div. 20; Wat. Code, § 71000 et seq.) Petitioner's boundaries lie within the County of Los Angeles and its principal office is located therein. Respondent, at all times since February 10, 1965, has been and now is the duly appointed, qualified and acting secretary of petitioner. *692 [1] It is respondent's obligation as secretary to perform in addition to the duties imposed on him by law, such duties as may be imposed on him by the board of directors of petitioner. (Wat. Code, § 71360.) [2] The duties imposed on respondent by law and by petitioner's board of directors include those relating to the certification of the passage and adoption of ordinances, resolutions, motions and orders of the board of directors of petitioner.
Petitioner, Board of Water Commissioners of the City of Long Beach, and the City of Compton, a municipal corporation, are plaintiffs in an action commenced May 12, 1959, Number 722647, in the Superior Court of the State of California, in and for the County of Los Angeles, against nine cities, two county water districts and 17 public utilities and private water companies, each of which defendants is located within and produces water from an area upstream on the San Gabriel River from the area in which plaintiffs are located. The defendants named and served in said action, together with California Domestic Water Company and the City of Whittier, constitute the major producers of water in the area in which they are located. Issue was joined on the filing of the answers to the amended complaint. By the amended complaint, petitioner and the other plaintiffs, (a) sought to compel each of the defendants to set forth the nature and extent of its claims in and to the water referred to therein as being the water of the "San Gabriel River System," (b) requested that the court fix and determine the rights, if any, of each defendant in and to said water, and (c) requested that each defendant therein be perpetually restrained and enjoined from taking such water in excess of the amount so fixed and determined by the court. After the commencement of the action there were certain dismissals had and new parties added where there had been mergers or transfers of water rights. California Domestic Water Company, a corporation, and Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District, a municipal water district (hereinafter referred to as "Upper District"), intervened as parties defendant.
On February 10, 1965, issues having been joined, the petitioner and the two other plaintiffs and the defendants entered into, executed and filed, in the action, a stipulation for judgment which became fully effective on said date. The stipulation provided, inter alia, that upon the occurrence of specified conditions precedent, the form of judgment attached *693 thereto should be rendered. The judgment provided for the appointment of a "Watermaster" consisting of three persons, one as a representative of "Lower Area Parties" (as that term is defined in paragraph 3(c) of the judgment), another acting as the representative of "Upper Area Parties" (as that term is defined in paragraph 3(d) of the judgment), and a third person jointly nominated by petitioner and Upper District. The Watermaster, when duly constituted and appointed pursuant to paragraph 6 of the judgment, will administer and enforce the provisions of the judgment and the instructions and subsequent orders of the court. In order to perform those duties, the Watermaster, by paragraphs 7 through 13 of the judgment, is given certain powers and duties, including the collection of information and data concerning the quantities and quality of various categories of water passing from "Upper Area" (as that term is defined in paragraph 3(e) of the judgment) to "Lower Area" (as that term is defined in paragraph 3(f) of the judgment). Paragraph 4 of the stipulation for judgment provides as follows:
"Plaintiffs and defendants agree that during the period prior to entry of the attached form of Judgment, they will cooperate in endeavoring to collect such information as the Watermaster would obtain if the attached form of Judgment had been entered and the Watermaster had been appointed by the Court pursuant to paragraph 6 of the Judgment, which information is herein referred to as `said information.' To that end, the parties hereto hereby agree that promptly following the complete execution of this stipulation by all parties, Upper District and Central Municipal shall each notify the other in writing as to the identity of the person who it expects will be nominated as the representative of Upper Area Parties or Lower Area Parties, as the case may be, under paragraph 6 of the Judgment. Upon receiving such notice, Upper District and Central Municipal shall each instruct its designated nominee that until the attached form of Judgment is entered and the Watermaster has been appointed pursuant to paragraph 6 of the Judgment he shall in cooperation with the other designated nominee do all things reasonably necessary to obtain such of said information as is available from the parties hereto or any public agency."
On February 17, 1965, petitioner received a certified copy of a resolution adopted by the board of directors of Upper *694 District, determining that Thomas M. Stetson was the person expected to be nominated as the representative of the Upper Area parties under paragraph 6 of the judgment. Following the execution of the stipulation for judgment by all parties, petitioner's board of directors did determine, on February 18, 1965, the identity of the person (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "said designee") whom petitioner expected would be nominated as the representative of said Lower Area parties under paragraph 6 of the judgment. Identification of Max Bookman as said designee was fixed by resolution Number 2-65-185 duly adopted by petitioner's board of directors on the above mentioned date. By the terms of said resolution, respondent was ordered to give the necessary written notice to Upper District, identifying said designee by certifying to the adoption of said resolution and by transmitting a duly certified copy thereof to Upper District. On March 17, 1965, respondent did refuse to either certify or to transmit as ordered a certified, or any, copy of said resolution. Respondent bases his refusal to act upon the grounds that a substantial question exists as to the validity of the stipulation for judgment: "(i) because of the lack of statutory power of petitioner to enter into the Stipulation for Judgment; (ii) because of the lack of statutory power of Upper District to enter into the Stipulation for Judgment; and (iii) irrespective of the power of either petitioner or Upper District to enter into Stipulation for Judgment."
Respondent's refusal to comply with the order and direction of petitioner's board of directors was communicated to them at the board's regular meeting held on March 17, 1965, whereupon the board duly adopted its resolution Number 3-65-186, wherein the determination embodied in and approved by resolution Number 2-65-185, was approved, ratified and confirmed, and respondent was further ordered to give the necessary written notice to Upper District identifying Max Bookman as said designee by certifying the adoption of resolution Number 2-65-185 and by transmitting a certified copy thereof to Upper District. Contrary to such further order, respondent did refuse, at the meeting on March 17, 1965, and still refuses either to certify or to transmit, as required, a certified or any copy of resolution Number 2-65-185.
Petitioner asserts that the respondent is adversely affecting and frustrating the agreement of petitioner and Upper District to perform the stipulation for judgment in accordance with its terms, particularly as provided in paragraph *695 4 thereof, in that until said written notification is given to Upper District, Upper District cannot lawfully comply with paragraph 4 of the stipulation and instruct its said designated nominee that he shall, in cooperation with the designated nominee of petitioner, do all things reasonably necessary to obtain the information referred to in said paragraph 4 as "said information" to the extent such information is available from the parties to the stipulation for judgment or any public agency. Petitioner urges that respondent's failure to act is delaying the day when there will be delivery to said Lower Area of such quantities of "Make-up Water" (as that term is defined in paragraph 3(m) of the judgment) as it is entitled to receive pursuant to the terms of the judgment once such judgment is rendered, in that (1) respondent's refusal will result in a substantial delay in the program for cooperative collection of that information which the Watermaster would obtain after the judgment had been entered and the Watermaster had been appointed by the court pursuant to paragraph 6 of the judgment, and (2) the delay in collecting such information will necessarily mean all such information will have to be collected after the Watermaster is appointed by the court, resulting in an extended delay in the making of the numerous determinations required by the Watermaster, which determinations provide the basis for the obligation of Upper District to deliver such "Make-up Water," such obligation being determined from October 1, 1963, under the terms of the judgment.
Petitioner asserts that the controversy involved in action Number 722647 and its resolution by the stipulation for judgment and entry of the judgment, attached thereto, present vital questions affecting the public health, necessity, and welfare of a substantial portion of southern California areawise and populationwise. That the case involves questions of water rights as between owners of water rights, owners of land, and inhabitants, of two adjacent areas, the Upper Area and the Lower Area, which areas contain approximately 408.344 square miles, having a population of approximately 2,319,408 and an assessed valuation of approximately $4,116,788,225. That Upper Area contains, in addition to county territory, the 15 cities located within Upper District, plus the cities of Alhambra, Monterey Park, Azusa, and West Covina. Upper Area contains approximately 166.47 square miles, has a population of approximately 737,431 and an *696 assessed valuation of approximately $1,174,034,000. Of those totals, Upper District contains approximately 132.47 square miles, a population of approximately 538,569, and an assessed valuation of approximately $855,754,000. Lower Area contains approximately 241.874 square miles, a population of approximately 1,581,977 and a total assessed valuation of not less than approximately $2,942,754,225. Of those totals, petitioner has approximately 186.78 square miles, a population of approximately 1,136,407 living in 22 cities and county territory, and a total assessed valuation of not less than approximately $2,162,434,835. The City of Long Beach has approximately 46.77 square miles, a population of approximately 368,782 and an assessed valuation of not less than approximately $683,058,000. The City of Compton has approximately 8.324 square miles, a population of approximately 76,868 and an assessed valuation of not less than approximately $97,261,390.
It is urged that Upper District and other agencies in the Upper Area need and desire to intensify efforts immediately to replenish ground water supplies in Upper Area. That so long as action Number 722647 is pending and the judgment is not entered, it is, as a practical matter, impossible for such efforts to be undertaken in any substantial respect because the physical facts, such as location and capacity of water spreading grounds make it relatively certain that Lower Area would be the immediate and primary beneficiary of much of such replenishment, and it would, therefore, be uneconomical and unwise to expend Upper Area funds for such replenishment. It is urged further that Upper Area presently has no public agency such as a replenishment district with power to assess a pump tax to cover the cost of purchasing and spreading imported water in Upper Area. Nor can the pumpers in Upper Area justify, as a business decision, voluntarily engaging in such activities on a joint cooperative basis unless and until the issues in action Number 722647 can first be resolved. It is urged that it is important that delivery of make-up water under the terms of the judgment be expedited to the greatest extent possible so as to maximize the chances for success of extensive efforts recently taken by it on behalf of Lower Area parties to mitigate salt water intrusion in certain coastal areas due to excessive overdrafting of presently inadequate supplies of fresh water. That the effective date of the judgment for the purpose of determining the rights and obligations of the parties thereunder is October 1, 1963, and therefore, it is of the utmost concern that a final *697 judgment be obtained at as early a date as possible so that the necessary quantities of water, both natural and supplemental, will flow from Upper Area into the Central Basin and prevent further salt water intrusion.
Petitioner urges further that controversies over water rights as between adjacent areas deriving their natural water supplies from a single river system are now frequently before the courts of California. That the Santa Ana River system, for example, has twice been the subject of such an action. (Orange County Water Dist. v. City of Riverside (1957) 154 Cal. App. 2d 345 [316 P.2d 43]; (1959) 173 Cal. App. 2d 137 [343 P.2d 450]; Orange County Water District v. City of Chino, et al., Orange County Superior Court, Number 117628, filed October 18, 1963.) The second such action is still in its initial exploratory stages. Petitioner estimates that if it becomes necessary to try action Number 722647, a minimum of 200 days of trial time will be necessary in order to properly try the case. Therefore, if the approach taken by the judgment attached to the stipulation for judgment is approved as a valid solution for the controversy involved, it will offer an acceptable prototype consent judgment for use by the parties in other similar river adjudication actions. That such a consent judgment will relieve the courts of the considerable burden upon available court trial time, and will substantially reduce the time between the commencement of such actions and the date when effective relief is available to the downstream users.
Respondent has interposed a demurrer to the petition claiming four major grounds upon which the stipulation and proposed judgment should be held invalid as a matter of law. Under these circumstances, we must assume the truth of all material allegations of fact set forth in the petition. (Stigall v. City of Taft, 58 Cal. 2d 565, 567-568 [27 Cal. Rptr. 441, 375 P.2d 289]; 3 Witkin, Cal. Procedure (1954) pp. 2553-2554.)
We will discuss the four grounds of alleged invalidity in the order in which they appear in the demurrer.

I
It is claimed that the stipulation for judgment is invalid because such an agreement is beyond the powers granted to petitioner by law.
[3] Section 71751 of the Water Code provides "A district may commence, maintain, intervene in, and compromise, in the name of the district, any action or proceeding involving *698 or affecting the ownership or use of water or water rights within the district, used or useful for any purpose of the district, or a common benefit to lands within the district or inhabitants of the district." (Italics added.) The stipulation for judgment here under consideration, when carried into effect by the terms and conditions of the judgment attached to and made a part of it, will constitute a compromise and settlement of a controversy affecting the ownership and use of water and water rights as contemplated by such section, and the section constitutes a valid legislative sanction of the procedure adopted by petitioner in the trial court.

II
Respondent urges that the clear implication of the stipulation is that the Upper District, in exchange for its obligation to cause 98,415 acre-feet of water to be available to Lower Area users, is obtaining a relinquishment of all rights that Lower Area parties may have, vis-a-vis Upper Area parties, in the natural waters of the San Gabriel River system, whether as riparian owners, overlying owners or appropriators, and that to the extent that the stipulation would divest the persons represented by petitioner Central Municipal of their water rights, it is invalid. He urges further that the extraordinary power to divest private citizens of their property rights in the absence of an exercise of the power of eminent domain, is obviously not expressly granted to the district and is, therefore, available only if it can be implied from the grant of power to compromise actions pursuant to the provisions of section 71751 of the Water Code. The answer to this is contained within the four corners of the stipulation and proposed judgment. These documents do not purport to deprive any individual of a property right, but on the contrary disclose a careful and concerted effort on the part of the litigants to conserve and protect the individual rights to the use of water within the watershed, where the need for such water is growing and the supply is limited. The provisions of the stipulation and proposed judgment have not been arrived at by guess and speculation, but on the contrary according to the memorandum of points and authorities of amici curiae in support of the petition,[1]*699 since May of 1959, when the action was commenced, there have been constant studies and negotiations toward settlement. Negotiating committees of five men each were appointed for the plaintiffs and for the defendants represented by amici curiae. These committees met together on 45 different occasions. In addition, there were literally hundreds of conferences both between opposing counsel and among the attorneys and experts on both sides. Further there were almost continuous studies of various aspects of the hydrologic picture. Expenses involved in arriving at the settlement represented by the stipulation and proposed judgment are estimated to exceed $300,000 disregarding the value of the time devoted by members of the negotiating committees. It cannot be said that prolonged and costly litigation on the same subject would result in any different or better solution than the physical solution arrived at and contained in the stipulation and proposed judgment. Furthermore, the proposed judgment, in paragraph 15, provides in part "Full jurisdiction, power and authority is retained and reserved by the Court for the purpose of enabling the Court upon application of any party by motion and upon at least thirty (30) days notice thereof, and after hearing thereon (i) to make such further or supplemental orders or directions as may be necessary or appropriate for the construction, enforcement or carrying out of this Judgment, and (ii) to modify, amend or amplify any of the provisions of this Judgment whenever substantial changes or developments affecting the physical, hydrological or other conditions dealt with herein may, in the Court's opinion, justify or require such modifications, amendment or amplification...." Certainly, a determination of individual rights is deferred or suspended so long as the physical solution shall continue in effect. However, the proposed judgment does not by its terms or by implication eliminate or impair whatever rights the Lower Area parties may now have, even though it does not pass upon them so long as they are being taken care of by the physical solution. [4] The adoption by the parties of a reasonable physical solution to the complicated problems relating to their respective rights in the use of the water within the San Gabriel River system is in accord with the rule laid down in City of Lodi v. East Bay Mun. Utility Dist., *700 7 Cal. 2d 316, 341 [60 P.2d 439], wherein the court said "Other suggestions as to possible physical solutions were made during the trial. The trial court apparently took the view that none of them could be enforced by it unless the interested parties both agreed thereto. That is not the law. Since the adoption of the 1928 constitutional amendment [art. XIV, § 3], it is not only within the power but it is also the duty of the trial court to admit evidence relating to possible physical solutions, and if none is satisfactory to it to suggest on its own motion such physical solution." In the present action all parties thereto have agreed to the proposed physical solution.
The propriety of the resolution of complex problems relating to conflicting claims to the right to use water, by the adoption of a physical solution of such problems was also approved in the case of Rancho Santa Margarita v. Vail, 11 Cal. 2d 501, 558-562 [81 P.2d 533].
The proposed judgment also provides in part (Declaration of Right, paragraph 4); "... If in the future a court of competent jurisdiction shall decree that any person downstream from Whittier Narrows within Central and West Basin Water Replenishment District who is not bound by this Judgment, shall have, as against Upper Area Parties and substantially all other pumpers in the San Gabriel Valley, a right to receive from Upper Area a stated amount of usable supply consisting of Surface Flow, Subsurface Flow, Export to Lower Area or Make-up Water, which right arose out of and is based upon the ownership of land or the production of water downstream from Whittier Narrows and within Central and West Basin Water Replenishment District, then and in that event the stated amount of such right so decreed shall not increase the declared right as set forth in this paragraph 4 [Note: The right of Lower Area parties and all other persons downstream from Whittier Narrows, who receive water from the San Gabriel River system or have rights in and to such water, to receive from Upper Area an average annual usable supply of 98,415 acre-feet]; and the receipt of water from Upper Area by such person in such stated amount or portion thereof, consisting of Surface Flow, Subsurface Flow, Export to Lower Area or Make-up Water, shall be deemed a partial satisfaction of such declared right." This provision tends to preserve to an individual the privilege to establish, in a proper case, his right to use a specified quantity of water, rather than to destroy such right. [5] Where a judgment provides for a physical solution of the rights of litigants to the use *701 of water, and includes therein appropriate flexibility to meet pertinent changes and developments, it is proper that a trial court should retain jurisdiction over such decree. (City of Pasadena v. City of Alhambra, 33 Cal. 2d 908, 937 [207 P.2d 17].)

III
Respondent claims that the stipulation for judgment is invalid because such an agreement is beyond the powers granted by law to the Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District, in that (a) the Upper District cannot contract to furnish water outside its boundaries and (b) the Upper District is not authorized to contract in a manner that would involve the use of public funds for private benefit.
[6] As to proposition (a), section 71611 of the Water Code provides "A district may sell water under its control, without preference, to cities, other public corporations and agencies, and persons, within the district for use within the district." Section 71612 of the Water Code provides "Whenever the board finds that there is a surplus of water above that which may be required by consumers within the district, the district may sell or otherwise dispose of such surplus water to any persons, public corporations or agencies, or other consumers." It is upon these sections that respondent relies as prohibiting the Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District from entering into the stipulation. These sections impose restrictions upon the sale of water under normal operating conditions. The litigation, stipulation and proposed judgment here under consideration have a much broader aspect. The action below raises issues as to the right of the district to water within the San Gabriel River system. Also the complaint asserts rights in the plaintiffs to water within such system paramount to the rights of the defendants therein named, including the defendant Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District; and, therefore, in a broad sense, questions the right of the district to function as such. Whatever limitations there may be on the district's power to supply other than certain enumerated areas with water, it is clear that if, in order to operate its project at all, water must be furnished to a prior claimant, the district possesses the implied power so to furnish the water. (City of Lodi v. East Bay Mun. Utility Dist., supra, 7 Cal. 2d 316, 341.)
As to proposition (b), respondent asserts that the stipulation and proposed judgment is in violation of article IV, section 31, of the California Constitution, in that it authorizes *702 the use of public funds for private benefit. He claims in this regard that the Upper District is attempting to incur not only the primary obligation to furnish water or pay money to the Central Municipal, but has incurred and presumably will continue to incur substantial expense in connection with this litigation and the implementation of the stipulation for judgment to the direct benefit of the other defendants. We assume that respondent has reference to the provisions of paragraph 5 of the judgment wherein specific obligations are set forth dealing with the physical solution, and which impose certain obligations upon Upper District in the way of accounting, providing Make-up Water or to pay Central Municipal for the benefit of all Lower Area parties for the expense of reclaiming water or for the purchase of reclaimed water. Respondent does not make it clear as to how this provision of the Constitution should apply to the problem here. [7] This provision is a limitation upon the power of the Legislature to make or authorize the making of a gift of public funds for the benefit of a private person. [8a] The prime object and purpose of the stipulation and proposed judgment insofar as it relates to Upper District is to preserve to the district and its inhabitants the right to use waters within the San Gabriel River system. This obviously is a public purpose and is for the benefit of the district and its inhabitants, and the fact that it may benefit others is incidental. [9] It is well settled that funds directed toward a public purpose are not within the constitutional prohibition merely because of incidental benefits to individuals. (American Co. v. City of Lakeport, 220 Cal. 548, 556 [32 P.2d 622]; Patrick v. Riley, 209 Cal. 350, 357-358 [287 P. 455].) [10] Furthermore, the Legislature is vested with a large discretion in determining what is for the public good and what are public purposes for which public moneys can be rightfully expended and that discretion cannot be controlled by the courts, except when its action is clearly evasive. (People v. Standard Acc. Ins. Co., 42 Cal. App. 2d 409, 414 [108 P.2d 923].) In addition, a contract of reimbursement has been entered into between the Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District (Upper District) and other defendants in the action below whereby Upper District will be reimbursed for expenses incurred by the latter pursuant to the obligations assumed by it under the terms of the stipulation and proposed judgment. Such contract is incorporated herein and is attached hereto as Appendix 3.
[8b] Under the circumstances here presented neither *703 the stipulation nor the proposed judgment violates article IV, section 31, of the California Constitution.

IV
[11] Respondent next urges that the stipulation for judgment is invalid as an unreasonable and arbitrary exercise of governmental power. He argues that whatever may be the scope of the power of municipal water districts to compromise lawsuits, that power, like any governmental power, cannot be exercised in a way that is unreasonable, arbitrary or capricious in its effect on private rights. He claims that paragraph 4 of the so-called "Declaration of Right" of the proposed stipulation for judgment indicates most clearly the arbitrariness and unreasonableness of this stipulation. He says that Lower Area parties are declared to have rights of unknown nature and scope in the water supply of the San Gabriel River system; but the substituted exchange for those rights  in essence the Upper District's obligation to make 98,415 acre-feet of water available annually to downstream users  runs to Lower Area parties and all other persons downstream from Whittier Narrows who receive or have rights in water of the San Gabriel River system. He asserts that these other persons include water users in the West Basin who are not represented in the action and who clearly would not be bound by any judgment entered therein. He claims that if such persons, in a subsequent action, successfully assert a right against Upper Area parties to receive water through Whittier Narrows, the water they would be entitled to receive would be deducted from the 98,415 acre-feet entitlement of the Lower Area parties, and thus the petitioner is attempting to relinquish the water rights of its inhabitants without ever ascertaining the nature and extent of those rights sufficiently to even make a contention as to their scope, and to accept in exchange a contractual obligation that, by its terms, could be reduced to an unknown amount by a successful claim against the Upper Area by other users of water from the San Gabriel River system.
In this contention, respondent has overlooked the fact that the quantity of 98,415 acre-feet of water which flows from the Upper Area through the Whittier Narrows to the Lower Area has been determined to be the average quantity of water per year to be expected, and this figure has been arrived at by constant study over a period of several years by competent and skilled engineers. The methods used to arrive at this figure cannot be said to be unreasonable, *704 arbitrary or capricious. Furthermore, it is not unreasonable to assume that, after prolonged litigation, the trial court would arrive at a figure substantially the same as that used by the parties to the stipulation and proposed judgment in their effort to arrive at a practical solution of their problem. It is also reasonable to assume that after such a prolonged and careful study of the hydrology of the area by the various water districts, water companies and municipal corporations, through their personnel, skilled engineers, and attorneys, they have accurately assessed the rights of other users, not parties to the action, so as to minimize the possibility of the loss of water to their inhabitants in the manner posed by respondent. We find nothing invalid, unreasonable, arbitrary or capricious in the provisions contained in the stipulation and proposed judgment.

V
Next, respondent urges that the stipulation for judgment is invalid because such an agreement is beyond the powers granted to the City of Long Beach by its charter.[2] He does not question the right of the board of water commissioners to bring and maintain the action below on behalf of the city without the authority of the electorate, even though a judgment rendered therein after a protracted and costly trial might result in a disposal in whole or in part of water rights claimed to be vested in the city. Subdivision (7) of section 217 of the charter gives the board of water commissioners the right "To sue and be sued in the name of said Board, and to exercise complete control over all litigation wherein it is involved, or which pertains to any matters within the jurisdiction of said Board; ..." (Italics added.) To require the *705 board to obtain the consent of two-thirds of the qualified voters of the city each time it became necessary to make some concession or compromise in litigation in which the board is involved would not only deprive the board of its right to exercise complete control over the litigation, as is granted by the provisions of subdivision (7) of section 217 of the charter, but would set up conditions which are unreasonable and unworkable. [12] The compromise and settlement of the action below, by means of a practical solution as posed by the stipulation, proposed judgment and contract of reimbursement is not such a disposal of water or water rights owned or controlled by the city as would require the consent of the voters of the city in order to give it vitality. The purpose of the action below and of the compromise and settlement of it is to secure water and water rights in gross to the inhabitants of the City of Long Beach, not to dispose of them. The provisions of section 216d of the Charter of the City of Long Beach have no application to the situation here and are not a bar to the board of water commissioners in proceeding to a reasonable compromise and settlement of the litigation, on behalf of the City of Long Beach.
[13] It is the policy of the law to discourage litigation and to favor compromise and voluntary settlements of doubtful rights and controversies, made either in or out of court. (People ex rel. Dept. Public Works v. Forster, 58 Cal. 2d 257, 263 [23 Cal. Rptr. 582, 373 P.2d 630]; Potter v. Pacific Coast Lumber Co., 37 Cal. 2d 592, 602-603 [234 P.2d 16]; Pettie v. Superior Court, 178 Cal. App. 2d 680, 689 [3 Cal. Rptr. 267]; Hamilton v. Oakland School Dist., 219 Cal. 322, 329 [26 P.2d 296]; Estate of Green, 138 Cal. App. 2d 211, 215 [292 P.2d 651].)
The efforts of the parties to the action pending in the trial court to compromise and settle their differences by entering into the stipulation for judgment is in full accord with the policy of the law, and we find no legal obstacle which would stand in the way of the parties entering into and being bound by their agreement of compromise as evidenced by such stipulation.
The stipulation and proposed judgment are incorporated herein and are attached as appendices 1 and 2.
Let the peremptory writ issue as prayed.
Wood, P.J., and Lillie, J., concurred.

*706 Appendix 1

SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES
  BOARD OF WATER COMMISSIONERS OF THE CITY OF LONG  |
  BEACH, a municipal corporation; CENTRAL BASIN     |
  MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT, a municipal water       |
  district; and CITY OF COMPTON, a municipal        |
  corporation,                                      |
                                        Plaintiffs, |
                vs.                                 |   No. 722,647
                                                    |
  SAN GABRIEL VALLEY WATER COMPANY, a corporation;  |
  AZUSA AGRICULTURAL WATER COMPANY, a corporation;  |
  AZUSA VALLEY WATER COMPANY, a corporation;        |   STIPULATION
  CALIFORNIA CITIES WATER COMPANY, a corporation;    >      FOR
  CALIFORNIA WATER & TELEPHONE COMPANY, a           |    JUDGMENT
  corporation; COVINA IRRIGATING COMPANY, a         |
  corporation; CROSS WATER COMPANY, a corporation;  |
  EAST PASADENA WATER CO. LTD., a corporation;      |
  GLENDORA IRRIGATING COMPANY, a corporation;       |
  SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER COMPANY, a corporation; |
  SUBURBAN WATER SYSTEMS, a corporation; SUNNY      |
  SLOPE WATER CO., a corporation; VALLECITO WATER   |
  CO., a corporation; CITY OF ALHAMBRA, a municipal |
  corporation; CITY OF ARCADIA, a municipal         |
  corporation; CITY OF AZUSA, a municipal           |
  corporation; CITY OF COVINA, a municipal          |
  corporation; CITY OF EL MONTE, a municipal        |
  corporation; CITY OF GLENDORA, a municipal        |
  corporation; CITY OF MONROVIA, a municipal        |
  corporation; CITY OF MONTEREY PARK, a municipal   |
  corporation; CITY OF SOUTH PASADENA, a municipal  |
  corporation; BALDWIN PARK COUNTY WATER DISTRICT,  |
  a county water district; and SAN GABRIEL COUNTY   |
  WATER DISTRICT, a county water district,          |
                                                    |
                                        Defendants, |
                                                    |
  UPPER SAN GABRIEL VALLEY MUNICIPAL WATER          |
  DISTRICT, a municipal water district, and         |
  CALIFORNIA DOMESTIC WATER COMPANY, a corporation, |
                                                    |
                                       Intervenors. |
*707 Plaintiffs Central Basin Municipal Water District, a municipal water district (herein sometimes referred to as Central Municipal); City of Long Beach, a municipal corporation, acting by and through the Board of Water Commissioners of the City of Long Beach; and City of Compton, a municipal corporation; and defendants City of Alhambra, a municipal corporation; City of Arcadia, a municipal corporation; City of Azusa, a municipal corporation; Azusa Agricultural Water Company, a corporation, sued herein as DOE 1; Azusa Valley Water Company, a corporation, for itself and as successor by merger to Azusa Irrigating Company, a corporation; Baldwin Park County Water District, a county water district; California Cities Water Company, a corporation (successor by merger to Columbia Land and Water Company, a corporation, and to San Dimas Water Company, a corporation, sued herein as DOE 3); California Water and Telephone Company, a corporation; City of Covina, a municipal corporation; Covina Irrigating Company, a corporation; Cross Water Company, a corporation, sued herein as DOE 2; East Pasadena Water Company, Ltd., a corporation, for itself and as successor by merger to California-Michigan Land and Water Company, a corporation; City of El Monte, a municipal corporation; City of Glendora, a municipal corporation; Glendora Irrigating Company, a corporation; City of Monrovia, a municipal corporation; City of Monterey Park, a municipal corporation; San Gabriel County Water District, a county water district; San Gabriel Valley Water Company, a corporation; Southern California Water Company, a corporation; City of South Pasadena, a municipal corporation; Suburban Water Systems, a corporation; Sunny Slope Water Company, a corporation; and Vallecito Water Company, a corporation; and intervening defendant Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District, a municipal water district (herein sometimes referred to as Upper District); and intervening defendant California Domestic Water Company, a corporation; stipulate and agree as follows:
1. A Judgment in the form attached hereto as Exhibit I may be made and entered by the Court in the above-entitled action.
2. The following facts, considerations and objectives among others, provide the basis for this Stipulation for Judgment:
(a) By their complaint plaintiffs seek a determination of the rights of the defendants, other than Upper District, *708 in and to the waters of the San Gabriel River System and further seek to restrain defendants, other than Upper District, from an alleged interference with the rights of plaintiffs and persons represented by Central Municipal in and to said waters.
(b) At the present time, and for some time prior to the commencement of this action, the water supply of the San Gabriel River System has been inadequate to supply the diversions and extractions of both plaintiffs and defendants other than Central Municipal and Upper District but including the persons represented by Central Municipal and by Upper District, and as a result said diversions and extractions have exceeded, and still exceed, the natural replenishment of the water supply of the San Gabriel River System.
(c) The parties recognize and agree that the natural outflow from the San Gabriel Valley to the Lower Area as defined in the Judgment has varied, and will vary from year to year, depending on the amount of precedent rainfall and other conditions.
(d) The parties recognize and agree that there is a need for a declaration of rights and a physical solution for the problems resulting from the inadequate and varying water supplies of the San Gabriel River System.
(e) The parties agree that the physical solution contained in said Judgment will bring about a fair division of the water of the San Gabriel River System as between plaintiffs and defendants other than Central Municipal and Upper District but including the persons represented by Central Municipal and by Upper District.
(f) The parties recognize that it may be necessary for defendants or some of them to use supplemental water in order to comply with the obligations imposed under said physical solution.
(g) Defendant Upper District is now a member unit of The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, which will be supplied with water from sources in northern California under an existing contract with the State of California. Certain of the defendants not within the area of defendant Upper District are within the area of San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District, which district also has contracted with the State of *709 California for delivery of water from sources in northern California. It is anticipated that the importation of this water will augment the natural supply of ground water within Upper Area as defined in the Judgment. Defendant Upper District intends to replenish the San Gabriel Valley with supplemental supplies.
3. The parties hereto hereby waive any and all Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law, and any and all notice of the making or entry herein of the attached form of Judgment, and all rights of appeal, if any, from such Judgment.
4. Plaintiffs and defendants agree that during the period prior to entry of the attached form of Judgment, they will cooperate in endeavoring to collect such information as the Watermaster would obtain if the attached form of Judgment had been entered and the Watermaster had been appointed by the Court pursuant to paragraph 6 of the Judgment, which information is herein referred to as "said information." To that end, the parties hereto hereby agree that promptly following the complete execution of this stipulation by all parties, Upper District and Central Municipal shall each notify the other in writing as to the identity of the person who it expects will be nominated as the representative of Upper Area Parties or Lower Area Parties, as the case may be, under paragraph 6 of the Judgment. Upon receiving such notice, Upper District and Central Municipal shall each instruct its designated nominee that until the attached form of Judgment is entered and the Watermaster has been appointed pursuant to paragraph 6 of the Judgment he shall in cooperation with the other designated nominee do all things reasonably necessary to obtain such of said information as is available from the parties hereto or any public agency.
5. Judgment shall not be rendered pursuant hereto unless and until the execution of this stipulation by Central Basin Municipal Water District and by Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District shall have been validated by a decree or decrees rendered in a proceeding or proceedings instituted in a court of competent jurisdiction of the State of California, and either such decree or decrees shall have become final or both of said Districts shall have further stipulated that said Judgment shall be rendered.
6. This stipulation may be executed in counterparts (each counterpart being an exact copy or duplicate of the original) *710 and all counterparts collectively shall be considered as constituting one complete Stipulation for Judgment.
    DATED: February 10, 1965.
             Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  LEONARD PUTNAM                       BOARD OF WATER COMMISSIONERS
  City Attorney                          OF THE CITY OF LONG BEACH
  CLIFFORD E. HAYES
  Principal Deputy City Attorney       By /s/ FRED S. DEAN         
  City of Long Beach                       Its ____ President
  By /s/ CLIFFORD S. HAYES             By /s/ HELEN L. PENLAND     
                                           Its ____ Secretary
  BURRIS & LAGERLOF                    1800 East Wardlow Road
  STANLEY C. LAGERLOF                  Long Beach 7, California
  H. JESS SENECAL
  JACK T. SWAFFORD
  By /s/ STANLEY C. LAGERLOF         
  BURRIS & LAGERLOF                    CENTRAL BASIN MUNICIPAL
  STANLEY C. LAGERLOF                    WATER DISTRICT
  H. JESS SENECAL
  JACK T. SWAFFORD                     By /s/ MILO DELLMAN         
  By /s/ STANLEY C. LAGERLOF               Its President
                                       By /s/ CARL FOSSETT         
                                           Its Secretary
                                       7439 East Florence Avenue
                                       Downey, California
  LLOYD A. BULLOCH                     CITY OF COMPTON
  City Attorney
  City of Compton                      By /s/ CHESTER R. CRAIN     
  /s/ LLOYD A. BULLOCH                     Its Mayor
  BURRIS & LAGERLOF                    205 South Willowbrook Avenue
  STANLEY C. LAGERLOF                  Compton, California
  H. JESS SENECAL
  JACK T. SWAFFORD
  By /s/ STANLEY C. LAGERLOF         
*711 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  DON D. BERCU                         CITY OF ALHAMBRA
  City Attorney
  City of Alhambra
                                       By /s/ NORMA L. YOCUM       
  /s/ DON D. BERCU                         Its Mayor
                                       /s/ WILLIAM F. LONGLEY      
                                           City Auditor-Clerk
  TAYLOR & SMITH                       City Hall
                                       111 South First Street
  By /s/ EDWARD F. TAYLOR              Alhambra, California
  JAMES A. NICKLIN                     CITY OF ARCADIA
  City Attorney
  City of Arcadia                      By /s/ DALE E. TURNER       
  /s/ JAMES A. NICKLIN                     Its Mayor
                                       City Hall
  SURR & HELLYER                       Arcadia, California
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  HARRY C. WILLIAMS                    CITY OF AZUSA
  City Attorney
  City of Azusa                        By /s/ LOUIS G. MEMMESHEIMER
  /s/ HARRY C. WILLIAMS                    Its Mayor
                                       City Hall
  TAYLOR & SMITH                       213 East Foothill Boulevard
                                       Azusa, California
  By /s/ EDWARD F. TAYLOR            
  TAYLOR & SMITH                       AZUSA AGRICULTURAL WATER
                                         COMPANY
  By /s/ EDWARD F. TAYLOR            
                                       By /s/ HICKORY S. JACKSON   
                                           Its ____ President
                                       By /s/ D.H. McKELLAR        
                                           Its ____ Secretary
                                       18352 East Foothill Boulevard
                                       Azusa, California
*712 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
                                       AZUSA VALLEY WATER COMPANY
  SURR & HELLYER
                                       By /s/ ELBERT B. GRIFFITTS  
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                      Its ____ President
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK             By /s/ IRA R. CALVERT       
      & MANN                               Its ____ Secretary
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
                                       P.O. Box "W"
                                       Azusa, California
                                       BALDWIN PARK COUNTY WATER
  SURR & HELLYER                         DISTRICT
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                
                                       By /s/ ROY W. JUDD          
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK                 Its ____ President
      & MANN
                                       By /s/ RALPH B. HELM        
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK                   Its ____ Secretary
                                       14521 East Ramona Boulevard
                                       Baldwin Park, California
                                       CALIFORNIA CITIES WATER
  ALLARD, SHELTON & O'CONNOR             COMPANY
                                       By /s/ DONALD R. O'NEILL    
  By /s/ L.A. SHELTON                      Its Vice President
  SURR & HELLYER                       By /s/ ROBERT W. BRUCE      
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                      Its Asst. Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN                           P.O. Box 188
                                       San Dimas, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK               CALIFORNIA WATER & TELEPHONE
                                         COMPANY
  BACIGALUPI, ELKUS &
      SALINGER                         By /s/ W.J. HAYS            
                                           Its Vice President
  By /s/ TADINI BACIGALUPI           
                                       2020 Santa Monica Blvd.
  SURR & HELLYER                       Santa Monica, California
  By /s/ JOHN R. SURR                
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
*713 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  ALLARD, SHELTON & O'CONNOR           CITY OF COVINA
  By /s/ L.A. SHELTON                  By /s/ OSCAR G. YAEGER      
                                           Its Mayor
  SURR & HELLYER
                                       City Hall
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  Covina, California
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  KERCKHOFF & KERCKHOFF                COVINA IRRIGATING COMPANY
  By /s/ ANTON W. KERCKHOFF            By /s/ VERNE JOBE           
                                           Its ____ President
  SURR & HELLYER
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ FAYE D. FERGUSON     
                                           Its ____ Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN                           146 East College Street
                                       Covina, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  GEORGE C. GILLETTE                   CROSS WATER COMPANY
  /s/ GEO. C. GILLETTE                 By /s/ JOHN FERRERO         
                                           Its ____ President
                                       By /s/ H.L. SMITH           
                                           Its ____ Secretary
                                       15825 East Main Street
                                       La Puente, California
  GRAY & MADDOX                        EAST PASADENA WATER
                                         COMPANY, LTD.
  By /s/ FRANK E. GRAY                 By /s/ CAMILLE A. GARNIER   
                                           Its ____ President
  SURR & HELLYER
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ ROGER G. ETTER       
                                           Its Assist. Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN                           269 South Rosemead
                                       Pasadena, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
*714 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  JAMES A. NICKLIN                     CITY OF EL MONTE
  City Attorney
  City of El Monte                     By /s/ CHARLES E. WIGGINS   
                                           Its mayor
  /s/ JAMES A. NICKLIN               
                                       City Hall
  SURR & HELLYER                       El Monte, California
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  LEONARD A. SHELTON                   CITY OF GLENDORA
  /s/ LEONARD A. SHELTON               By /s/ JOE M. FINKBINER     
                                           Its Mayor
  SURR & HELLYER
                                       City Hall
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  Glendora, California
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  ALLARD, SHELTON & O'CONNOR           GLENDORA IRRIGATING COMPANY
  By /s/ L.A. SHELTON                  By /s/ C.F. GORDON          
                                           Its ____ President
  SURR & HELLYER
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ O.J. HAMMER          
                                           Its ____ Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK             224 North Michigan Avenue
      & MANN                           Glendora, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  HOMER H. BELL                        CITY OF MONROVIA
  City Attorney
  City of Monrovia                     By /s/ ROY S. KROPKE        
                                           Its Mayor
  /s/ HOMER H. BELL                  
  SURR & HELLYER
                                       City Hall
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  Monrovia, California
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
*715 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  CHARLES R. MARTIN                    CITY OF MONTEREY PARK
  City Attorney
  City of Monterey Park                By /s/ WILLIAM M. ERAMBERT  
                                           Its Mayor
  /s/ CHARLES R. MARTIN              
                                       City Hall
  TAYLOR & SMITH                       320 West Newmark Avenue
                                       Monterey park, California
  By /s/ EDWARD F. TAYLOR            
  SURR & HELLYER                       SAN GABRIEL COUNTY WATER
                                         DISTRICT
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ ROBERT S. BRUMMETT   
                                           Its ____ President
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN                           By /s/ LUPIE PETERS         
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK                   Its ____ Secretary
                                       829 East Las Tunas Drive
                                       San Gabriel, California
  J.E. SKELTON                         SAN GABRIEL VALLEY WATER
                                         COMPANY
  /s/ J.E. SKELTON                     By /s/ M.E. MOSELEY         
  SURR & HELLYER                           Its ____ President
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ C.H. PALMER          
                                           Its ____ Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK             11142 Garvey Avenue
      & MANN                           El Monte, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  O'MELVENY & MYERS                    SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER
                                         COMPANY
  By /s/ LAUREN M. WRIGHT              By /s/ PHILIP F. WALSH      
  SURR & HELLYER                           Its ____ President
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ W.C. WELMOR          
                                           Its ____ Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN                           11911 South Vermont Avenue
                                       Los Angeles 44, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
*716 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  CHARLES R. MARTIN                    CITY OF SOUTH PASADENA
  City Attorney
  City of South Pasadena               By /s/ BURTON E. JONES      
                                           Its Mayor
  /s/ CHARLES R. MARTIN              
                                       825 Mission Street
  SURR & HELLYER                       South Pasadena, California
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  FRANK E. GRAY                        SUBURBAN WATER SYSTEMS
  /s/ FRANK E. GRAY                    By /s/ CAMILLE A. GARNIER   
                                           Its ____ President
  SURR & HELLYER
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ C.H. DEITZ           
                                           Its ____ Secretary
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN                           16340 East Maplegrove street
                                       La Puente, California
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK             
  HAHN & HAHN                          SUNNY SLOPE WATER COMPANY
  By /s/ ALLYN H. BARBER               By /s/ ROBT. T. CLARY       
                                           Its ____ President
                                       By /s/ ______________________
                                           Its ____ Secretary
                                       1040 El Campo Drive
                                       Pasadena, California
*717 Attorneys
  (for the respective party listed     Signature of Stipulating
  opposite and to the right of the     Party and Its Designation of
  respective attorneys listed below)   Mailing Address             
  SURR & HELLYER                       VALLECITO WATER COMPANY
  By /s/ JOHN B. SURR                  By /s/ CAMILLE A. GARNIER   
                                           Its ____ President
  CLAYSON, STARK, ROTHROCK
      & MANN
  By /s/ DONALD D. STARK               By /s/ WM. ROBY             
                                           Its ____ Secretary
                                       749 South Ninth Avenue
                                       City of Industry, California
  STEARNS, GROSS AND MOORE
                                       CALIFORNIA DOMESTIC WATER
                                         COMPANY
  By /s/ THOMAS B. MOORE             
                                       By /s/ FRED M. ANDERSON     
                                           Its ____ President
                                       By /s/ CAMILLE A. GARNIER   
                                           Its ____ Secretary
                                       P.O. Box 1026, Perry Annex
                                       Whittier, California
  HELM & BUDINGER                      UPPER SAN GABRIEL VALLEY
                                         MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT
  BY /s/ RALPH B. HELM               
                                       By /s/ FRANK E. VACHON      
                                           Its ____ President
                                       By /s/ HOWARD H. HAWKINS    
                                           Its ____ Secretary
                                       11229 East Valley Boulevard
                                       El Monte, California

*718 Appendix 2

SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES
  BOARD OF WATER COMMISSIONERS OF THE CITY OF LONG |
  BEACH, a municipal corporation; CENTRAL BASIN    |
  MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT, a municipal water      |
  district; and CITY OF COMPTON, a municipal       |
  corporation,                                     |
                                       Plaintiffs, |
                vs.                                |   No. 722,647
                                                   |
  SAN GABRIEL VALLEY WATER COMPANY, a corporation; |
  AZUSA AGRICULTURAL WATER COMPANY, a corporation; |
  AZUSA VALLEY WATER COMPANY, a corporation;       |
  CALIFORNIA CITIES WATER COMPANY, a corporation;  |
  CALIFORNIA WATER & TELEPHONE COMPANY, a          |
  corporation; COVINA IRRIGATING COMPANY, a         >   JUDGMENT
  corporation; CROSS WATER COMPANY, a corporation; |
  EAST PASADENA WATER CO. LTD., a corporation;     |
  GLENDORA IRRIGATING COMPANY, a corporation;      |
  SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER COMPANY, a             |
  corporation; SUBURBAN WATER SYSTEMS, a           |
  corporation; SUNNY SLOPE WATER CO., a            |
  corporation; VALLECITO WATER CO., a corporation; |
  CITY OF ALHAMBRA, a municipal corporation; CITY  |
  OF ARCADIA, a municipal corporation; CITY OF     |
  AZUSA, a municipal corporation; CITY OF COVINA,  |
  a municipal corporation; CITY OF EL MONTE, a     |
  municipal corporation; CITY OF GLENDORA, a       |
  municipal corporation; CITY OF MONROVIA, a       |
  municipal corporation; CITY OF MONTEREY PARK, a  |
  municipal corporation; CITY OF SOUTH PASADENA, a |
  municipal corporation; BALDWIN PARK COUNTY WATER |
  DISTRICT, a county water district; and SAN       |
  GABRIEL COUNTY WATER DISTRICT, a county water    |
  district,                                        |
                                       Defendants, |
                                                   |
  UPPER SAN GABRIEL VALLEY MUNICIPAL WATER         |
  DISTRICT, a municipal water district, and        |
  CALIFORNIA DOMESTIC WATER COMPANY, a             |
  corporation,                                     |
                                                   |
                                      Intervenors. |
*719 The original complaint herein was filed by Plaintiffs on May 12, 1959, and an amended complaint was filed herein on June 8, 1961. Each Defendant in this action filed an answer to the amended complaint denying the material allegations therein. Heretofore, Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District, a municipal water district, and California Domestic Water Company, a corporation, have intervened in the action as Defendants. There has been filed herein a Stipulation for Judgment signed by all of the parties to this action.
After due examination and consideration of the pleadings, said Stipulation for Judgment and other documents and papers on file herein, it appears to the Court that:
(a) In bringing and maintaining this action, plaintiff Central Basin Municipal Water District, a municipal water district, has done so as a representative of and for the benefit of all owners of water rights within, all owners of land within, and all inhabitants of, the district, except to the extent that defendant California Domestic Water Company is representing itself.
(b) In intervening in this action, defendant Upper San Gabriel Valley Municipal Water District, a municipal water district, has done so as a representative of and for the benefit of all owners of water rights within, all owners of land within, and all inhabitants of, the district, except to the extent that other Defendants who are within the district are representing themselves.
(c) There is a need for a physical solution to the complex water problems which have given rise to this action.
(d) The physical solution embodied in this Judgment is a feasible, equitable and just resolution of the issues presented by the amended complaint and answers thereto on file herein, and it will bring about a fair division of the water supply of the San Gabriel River System between Upper Area and Lower Area, as those terms are hereinafter defined.
(e) On the basis of the Stipulation for Judgment filed herein and the consent of all Plaintiffs and Defendants it is in the interests of justice and in furtherance of the water policy of the State of California to proceed without trial and to make and enter this Judgment.
*720 Now, therefore, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED:

JURISDICTION    1. The Court has jurisdiction of the
                subject matter of this action and of the
                Upper Area Parties and Lower Area
                Parties, as those terms are hereinafter
                defined.
EXHIBITS[*]     2. The following Exhibits marked A and
                B, are attached to this Judgment and
                made a part hereof:
                  (a) Exhibit A  Map entitled "Rio
                  Hondo and San Gabriel River in
                  Vicinity of Whittier Narrows Dam."
                  (b) Exhibit B  Engineering Appendix.
DEFINITIONS     3. As used in this Judgment, the following
                terms shall have the meanings
                assigned to them:
                  (a) Central Municipal  Central Basin
                  Municipal Water District.
                  (b) Upper District  Upper San Gabriel
                  Valley Municipal Water District.
                  (c) Lower Area Parties  the Plaintiffs,
                  and all persons, firms and corporations,
                  public or private, who are
                  represented by Central Municipal.
                  (d) Upper Area Parties  the Defendants,
                  and all persons, firms and
                  corporations, public or private, who
                  are represented by Upper District.
                  (e) Upper Area  the area (exclusive
                  of the Raymond Basin and the portion
                  of San Gabriel Mountains tributary
                  thereto) wherein surface and sub-surface
                  waters are tributary to Whittier
*721                  Narrows upstream from the
                  common boundary of Upper District
                  and Central Municipal through Whittier
                  Narrows.
                  (f) Lower Area  the area which lies
                  downstream from the common boundary
                  of Central Municipal and Upper
                  District through Whittier Narrows
                  and which is included within the incorporated
                  limits of the Plaintiffs.
                  (g) Whittier Narrows  a gap between
                  Merced Hills and Puente Hills shown
                  on Exhibit A.
                  (h) Montebello Forebay  the area
                  designated as such on Exhibit A.
                  (i) Export to Lower Area  water
                  diverted from surface streams in
                  Upper Area or pumped or developed
                  from underground sources in Upper
                  Area, and in either case conveyed by
                  conduit through Whittier Narrows.
                  (j) Subsurface flow  all water which
                  passes as ground water through Whittier
                  Narrows at the "narrowest section"
                  as shown on Exhibit A.
                  (k) Surface flow  all water other than
                  Export to Lower Area and Subsurface
                  Flow, which passes from Upper Area
                  to Lower Area through Whittier
                  Narrows.
                  (l) Usable Water  all Surface Flow,
                  Subsurface Flow and Export to
                  Lower Area, but excluding:
                    (1) that portion of Surface Flow,
                    if any, which crosses the southerly
                    boundary of Montebello Forebay as
                    surface runoff less the amount of
                    Surface Flow which has been caused
                    to flow out of Montebello Forebay
                    as surface runoff by any spreading
                    of water in Montebello Forebay by
*722                    or on behalf of Lower Area Parties,
                    or any of them;
                    (2) water imported by or on behalf
                    of Lower Area Parties from outside
                    of the watershed of the San Gabriel
                    River System;
                    (3) Reclaimed Water, as defined in
                    subparagraph (o) herein, provided,
                    however, that Reclaimed Water
                    (other than that reclaimed by or on
                    behalf of Lower Area Parties)
                    which is percolated and commingled
                    with ground water in Upper Area
                    shall be deemed Subsurface Flow,
                    Surface Flow, or Export to Lower
                    Area as the case may be, when and
                    if it passes through Whittier Narrows;
                    (4) that portion, if any, of Export
                    to Lower Area which in any Water
                    Year after September 30, 1966, exceeds
                    23,395 acre-feet;
                    (5) Make-up Water, as defined in
                    subparagraph (m) herein; and
                    (6) any water whether flowing on
                    the surface or beneath the surface
                    of the ground which has passed any
                    of the points of surface measurement
                    in Whittier Narrows shown on
                    Exhibit B and prior to its passing
                    from Upper Area to Lower Area is
                    intercepted and returned upstream
                    by conduit or otherwise so that it
                    could again pass any such points of
                    measurement.
                  (m) Make-up Water  water of usable
                  quality for ground water recharge
                  which is either (a) required to be delivered
                  to Lower Area under terms
                  of paragraph 5 of this Judgment, or
                  (b) designated by the delivering party
                  as a delivery to Lower Area in advance
*723                  satisfaction of some possible
                  future delivery requirement under
                  terms of paragraph 5 of this Judgment.
                  (n) Water Year  October 1 through
                  the following September 30.
                  (o) Reclaimed Water  water reclaimed
                  from sewage generated in the
                  watershed of the San Gabriel River
                  System above Whittier Narrows.
DECLARATION     4. Lower Area Parties have rights in the
OF RIGHT        water supply of the San Gabriel River
                System. The nature and extent of such
                rights is not known; however, Lower
                Area Parties and all other persons downstream
                from Whittier Narrows who receive
                water from the San Gabriel River
                System or have rights in and to such
                water, shall have, as against Upper Area
                Parties and all other pumpers of water
                in the San Gabriel Valley, a right to
                receive from Upper Area an average
                annual usable supply of ninety-eight
                thousand four hundred fifteen (98,415)
                acre-feet of water over a long-term
                period of normal rainfall derived as set
                forth in Exhibit B, consisting of Surface
                Flow, Subsurface Flow, Export to
                Lower Area and Make-up Water. If in
                the future a court of competent jurisdiction
                shall decree that any person downstream
                from Whittier Narrows within
                Central and West Basin Water Replenishment
                District who is not bound
                by this Judgment, shall have, as against
                Upper Area Parties and substantially all
                other pumpers in the San Gabriel
                Valley, a right to receive from Upper
                Area a stated amount of usable supply
                consisting of Surface Flow, Subsurface
                Flow, Export to Lower Area or Make-up
                Water, which right arose out of and is
                based upon the ownership of land or the
*724                production of water downstream from
                Whittier Narrows and within Central
                and West Basin Water Replenishment
                District, then and in that event the
                stated amount of such right so decreed
                shall not increase the declared right as
                set forth in this paragraph 4; and the
                receipt of water from Upper Area by
                such person in such stated amount or
                portion thereof, consisting of Surface
                Flow, Subsurface Flow, Export to Lower
                Area or Make-up Water, shall be deemed
                a partial satisfaction of such declared
                right.
PHYSICAL        (5) In recognition of the complexities of
SOLUTION        annual supply and demand and variations
                in the components thereof, the
                Court hereby declares the following
                physical solution to be a fair and equitable
                basis for satisfaction of the declared
                right set forth in paragraph 4
                hereof. Compliance with this paragraph
                5 shall constitute full and complete
                satisfaction of said declared right.
ANNUAL            (a) It is determined that the amount
AVERAGE           of Lower Area average annual entitlement
ENTITLEMENT       to Usable Water is ninety-eight
                  thousand four hundred fifteen (98,415)
                  acre-feet.
                  (b) The outflow of water from Upper
                  Area through Whittier Narrows to
                  Lower Area has varied from year to
                  year and will vary from year to year
                  in the future depending on changing
                  conditions of supply and demand;
                  and, as to any Water Year the
                  average annual rainfall for the San
                  Gabriel Valley during the ten (10)
                  consecutive Water Years ending with
                  that Water Year is a reasonable basis
                  for determining the entitlement of
                  Lower Area to Usable Water for such
                  Water Year.
*725DETERMINATION     (c) The rainfall in each Water Year
OF RAINFALL       for the San Gabriel Valley shall be
                  determined by application of the procedures
                  described in Exhibit B.
RAINFALL          (d) The quantity of water which
ADJUSTMENT        Lower Area is entitled to receive in
TABLE             any Water Year (hereinafter called
                  Lower Area Annual Entitlement)
                  shall be determined in accordance with
                  the following table,[**] except that no
                  determination of Lower Area Annual
                  Entitlement shall be made for the last
                  year of any Long-term Accounting
                  Period as hereinafter defined.
DETERMINATION     (e) The difference between the aggregate
OF ACCRUED        water entitlements determined as
DEBIT OR          provided in this judgment and the
CREDIT            aggregate of Usable Water and delivered
                  Make-up Water shall be computed
                  as of the end of each Water
                  Year. Any excess of water entitlements
                  over the quantity of Usable
                  Water and Make-up Water received
                  by Lower Area after September 30,
                  1963, is hereinafter referred to as
                  Accrued Debit of Upper Area. Any
                  excess of Usable Water and Make-up
                  Water received by Lower Area after
                  September 30, 1963, over water entitlements,
                  is hereinafter referred to
                  as Accrued Credit of Upper Area.
ACCRUED           (f) If at the end of any Water Year
DEBIT             it is determined pursuant to subparagraph
                  (e) of this paragraph 5 that
                  there is an Accrued Debit of Upper
                  Area, then Upper District shall cause
                  Make-up Water to be delivered to
                  Lower Area during the following
                  Water Year in an amount not less
                  than the sum of (1) one-third of such
                  Accrued Debit of Upper Area, and
*726                                  TABLE A
                      LOWER AREA ANNUAL ENTITLEMENT
                     BASED ON 10-YEAR AVERAGE RAINFALL
                         FOR SAN GABRIEL VALLEY
                             (In Acre-feet)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Inches
  of
Rainfall      0       .1       .2       .3       .4       .5       .6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  14       64,200   64,900   65,700   66,500   67,200   68,000   68,700
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  15       71,800   72,600   73,400   74,100   74,900   75,600   76,400
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  16       79,500   80,200   81,000   81,800   82,600   83,300   84,000
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  17       87,100   87,900   88,700   89,400   90,200   91,000   91,500
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  18       94,800   95,300   96,200   96,900   97,600   98,300   98,800
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  19      101,400  102,000  102,700  103,300  103,900  104,500  105,100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  20      107,600  108,200  108,800  109,400  110,100  110,700  111,300
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  21      113,700  114,300  115,000  115,600  116,200  116,800  117,400
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  22      119,900  120,400  121,000  121,600  122,200  122,700  123,300
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  23      125,500  126,100  126,700  127,200  127,800  128,400  128,900
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
  24      131,200  131,700  132,200  132,700  133,100  133,700  134,100
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------
Inches
  of
Rainfall     .7       .8       .9
-----------------------------------
  14       69,500   70,300   71,100
-----------------------------------
  15       77,200   77,900   78,700
-----------------------------------
  16       84,800   85,600   86,400
-----------------------------------
  17       92,500   93,200   94,000
-----------------------------------
  18       99,500  100,100  100,800
-----------------------------------
  19      105,700  106,300  107,000
-----------------------------------
  20      111,900  112,500  113,100
-----------------------------------
  21      118,100  118,600  119,300
-----------------------------------
  22      123,900  124,400  125,000
-----------------------------------
  23      129,500  130,100  130,600
-----------------------------------
  24      134,700  135,100  135,600
-----------------------------------
*727                  (2) that portion, if any, of such
                  Accrued Debit of Upper Area over
                  25,000 acre-feet which remains after
                  deducting said one-third. If Upper
                  District shall fail to deliver Make-up
                  Water as next above provided and
                  Plaintiffs shall have diligently pursued
                  their legal and equitable remedies
                  to cause Upper District to so deliver,
                  and either: (1) it shall be finally
                  adjudged that Upper District is not
                  obligated to so deliver, or (2) it shall
                  appear that Upper District will not
                  thereafter deliver Make-up Water,
                  then Defendants and any successor or
                  successors in interest by title to a
                  Defendant's water right in Upper
                  Area shall be obligated to so deliver
                  Make-up Water. The provisions of
                  this paragraph are subject to the provisions
                  of paragraph 5(h) below.
ACCRUED           (g) If at the end of any Water Year
CREDIT            it is determined pursuant to subparagraph
                  (e) of this paragraph 5 that
                  there is an Accrued Credit of Upper
                  Area, then there shall be no obligation
                  to deliver Make-up Water to Lower
                  Area during the following Water
                  Year.
LONG-TERM         (h) Following September 30, 1963,
ACCOUNTING        a Long-term Accounting shall be made
                  from time to time but not sooner than
                  at the end of 15 Water Years, nor
                  later than 25 Water Years after September
                  30, 1963, or after the last such
                  accounting, whichever is later. A
                  Long-term Accounting shall be made
                  sooner than said 25-year period whenever
                  the average annual rainfall in the
                  San Gabriel Valley for a period of 15
                  Water Years or more after September
                  30, 1963, or after the last such accounting,
                  whichever is later, is at least
                  18 inches but not more than 19 inches.
*728                    In making such Long-term Accounting
                  for any such period (herein called
                  Long-term Accounting Period), the
                  aggregate of all Usable Water and
                  Make-up Water received by Lower
                  Area during such period shall be determined
                  and (a) there shall be
                  deducted from said aggregate the
                  amount of Make-up Water, if any, delivered
                  during such period by reason
                  of the existence of an Accrued Debit
                  of Upper Area at the end of the immediately
                  preceding Long-term Accounting
                  Period, or (b) there shall be
                  added to said aggregate the amount
                  of any Accrued Credit of Upper Area
                  determined to exist at the end of the
                  immediately preceding Long-term Accounting
                  Period. The net aggregate
                  amount of Usable Water and Make-up
                  Water so computed shall be compared
                  to the result to be obtained by (1)
                  multiplying the 98,415 acre-feet of
                  water to be received by Lower Area
                  as its average annual usable supply
                  by the number of Water Years in the
                  Long-term Accounting Period, and
                  (2) adjusting the product by the percentage
                  by which the average annual
                  rainfall (to the nearest one hundredth
                  of an inch) for the Long-term Accounting
                  Period involved exceeds or is less
                  than 18.52 inches. (i.e.:
                    98,415 X (number of Water Years
                    in Period) X
                    (average rainfall for the Period).)
                     _______________________________
                                18.52
                  If as a result of such comparison it
                  is determined that there is a deficiency
                  in the net aggregate amount of Usable
                  Water and Make-up Water received
                  during the Long-Term Accounting
                  Period, then such deficiency shall be
*729                  compensated in the following three
                  Water Years by delivery of Make-up
                  Water to Lower Area in an amount
                  not less than one-third of such deficiency
                  in the first following Water
                  Year and not less than one-half of the
                  balance within the second following
                  Water Year. If it is determined as a
                  result of such comparison that there is
                  an excess of net aggregate Usable
                  Water and Make-up Water received,
                  then the amount of such excess shall be
                  carried forward as an Accrued Credit
                  of Upper Area.
MAKE-UP           (i) Make-up Water may be delivered
WATER             by any one or more of the following
DELIVERY          means:
                    SURFACE FLOW DELIVERY
                    (1) By causing water other than
                    Reclaimed Water to flow on the
                    surface into Montebello Forebay by
                    any means and from any source,
                    provided that such deliveries shall
                    be at such rates or flows and at such
                    times as may be scheduled by the
                    Watermaster.
                    RECLAIMED WATER CREDIT
                    (2) By paying to Central Municipal
                    for the benefit of all Lower Area
                    Parties the total amount or any
                    portion of the total amount which
                    Central and West Basin Water
                    Replenishment District or any
                    Plaintiff shall have expended in reclaiming
                    water or for the purchase
                    of Reclaimed Water in the preceding
                    Water Year, and which
                    water when so reclaimed or purchased
                    shall have been passed
                    through Whittier Narrows to Lower
                    Area. Upon written request made
                    by Upper District not later than
*730                    three months after the end of a
                    Water Year, Central Municipal
                    shall give a written notice to Upper
                    District and the Watermaster of
                    the total number of acre-feet of such
                    Reclaimed Water so reclaimed or
                    purchased during the preceding
                    Water Year and of the cost per
                    acre-foot therefor at the existing
                    Whittier Narrows Water Reclamation
                    Plant for reclamation of waste
                    water, and at any future additions
                    thereto, and payment therefor at
                    said cost, or costs, may be made not
                    later than one year after receipt of
                    such written notice. Such payment
                    shall be made for the total production
                    of Reclaimed Water from the
                    existing plant in the preceding
                    Water Year before Upper District
                    shall be entitled to make payment
                    for all, or any portion of, Reclaimed
                    Water produced in that year by any
                    future addition to that plant. Such
                    payment by Upper District on behalf
                    of Defendants shall be deemed
                    a delivery of Make-up Water equal
                    to the quantity of Reclaimed Water
                    for which the expenditure of a like
                    sum would have paid at the cost,
                    or costs, per acre-foot so paid for
                    such Reclaimed Water. In no event,
                    however, shall any payment by
                    Upper District under this subparagraph
                    (i) (2) be deemed a
                    delivery of Make-up Water in excess
                    of 14,735 acre-feet in any Water
                    Year during which the amount of
                    Make-up Water required to be
                    furnished by Upper Area is available
                    to it at ground water replenishment
                    rates for delivery to Lower
                    Area, except with the prior written
                    consent of Plaintiffs. Except with
*731                    the consent of Plaintiffs, no payment
                    by Upper District under this
                    subparagraph (i) (2) may be
                    designated as advance satisfaction
                    of some possible future delivery requirement.
                    DIRECT DELIVERY
                    (3) By delivering, or causing to be
                    delivered, water to any of Lower
                    Area Parties with consent of Plaintiffs
                    for use in Lower Area.
WATER             (j) It is further determined and
RIGHTS            adjudicated that the obligations provided
BOUND             above in subparagraphs (f) and
                  (h) of this paragraph 5 for each Defendant
                  shall constitute and be a
                  servitude upon the existing water
                  rights of each Defendant in and to
                  the water supply of the San Gabriel
                  River System upstream from Lower
                  Area and shall run with and forever
                  bind said water rights for the benefit
                  of the water rights of Lower Area
                  Parties.
TRANSFER OF       (k) If any Defendant, other than
WATER RIGHTS      Upper District, shall desire to transfer
                  all or any of its said water rights
                  to a person, firm or corporation, public
                  or private, who or which is not then
                  bound by this Judgment as a Defendant,
                  such Defendant shall as a
                  condition to being discharged as hereinafter
                  provided cause such transferee
                  to appear in this action and file a valid
                  and effective express assumption of
                  the obligations imposed upon such Defendant
                  under this Judgment as to
                  such transferred water rights. Such
                  appearance and assumption of obligations
                  shall include the filing of a
                  designation of the address to which
                  shall be mailed all notices, requests,
*732                  objections, reports and other papers
                  permitted or required by the terms of
                  this Judgment.
                    If any Defendant shall have transferred
                  all of its said water rights and
                  each transferee not theretofore bound
                  by this Judgment as a Defendant shall
                  have appeared in this action and filed
                  a valid and effective express assumption
                  of the obligations imposed upon
                  such Defendant under this Judgment
                  as to such transferred water rights,
                  such transferring Defendant shall
                  thereupon be discharged from all obligations
                  hereunder. If any Defendant
                  other than Upper District shall cease
                  to own any rights in and to the water
                  supply of the San Gabriel River
                  System upstream from Lower Area,
                  and shall have caused the appearance
                  and assumption provided for in the
                  third preceding sentence with respect
                  to each voluntary transfer, then upon
                  application to this Court and after
                  notice and hearing such Defendant
                  shall thereupon be relieved and discharged
                  from all further obligations
                  hereunder. Any such discharge of any
                  Defendant hereunder shall not impair
                  the aggregate rights of Lower Area
                  Parties or the responsibility hereunder
                  of the remaining Defendants
                  or any of the successors.
WATERMASTER     6. A Watermaster comprised of three
APPOINTMENT     persons to be nominated as hereinafter
                provided shall be appointed by and serve
                at the pleasure of and until further
                order of this Court. One shall be a representative
                of Upper Area Parties nominated
                by and through Upper District,
                one shall be a representative of Lower
                Area Parties nominated by and through
                Central Municipal, and one shall be
*733                jointly nominated by Upper District and
                Central Municipal. If a dispute arises
                in choosing the joint appointee, the
                Court shall make the appointment. If
                Central Municipal or Upper District
                shall at any time or times nominate a
                substitute appointee in place of the appointee
                last appointed to represent
                Lower Area Parties, in the case of
                Central Municipal, or to represent
                Upper Area Parties, in the case of
                Upper District, or if Central Municipal
                and Upper District shall at any time or
                times jointly nominate a substitute appointee
                in place of the joint appointee
                last appointed, such substitute appointee
                shall be appointed by the Court in lieu
                of such last appointee or joint appointee.
                Each such nomination shall be made in
                writing, served upon the other parties to
                this action and filed with the Court. The
                Watermaster when so appointed shall
                administer and enforce the provisions of
                this Judgment and the instructions and
                subsequent orders of this Court.
POWERS          7. The Watermaster shall have the
AND             following powers and duties and shall
DUTIES          take all steps necessary to make the
                following determinations for each Water
                Year promptly after the end of such
                Water Year:
                  (a) the amount of Surface Flow,
                  (b) the amount of Subsurface Flow,
                  (c) the amount of Export to Lower
                  Area,
                  (d) the amount of water which
                  passed as Surface Flow or Subsurface
                  Flow across the boundary between
                  Upper Area and Lower Area through
                  Whittier Narrows and which was imported
                  by or on behalf of Lower Area
                  Parties from outside of the watershed
*734                  of the San Gabriel River System above
                  Whittier Narrows,
                  (e) the amount and quality of Reclaimed
                  Water reclaimed by or on behalf
                  of Lower Area,
                  (f) the total amount of Make-up
                  Water delivered to Lower Area, together
                  with the respective amounts
                  delivered by each method specified in
                  paragraph 5 of this Judgment,
                  (g) the amount of Usable Water received
                  by Lower Area,
                  (h) the amount of local storm inflow,
                  originating in Lower Area, to the
                  channel of each of Rio Hondo and San
                  Gabriel River within Montebello
                  Forebay,
                  (i) the surface outflow from Montebello
                  Forebay in the channel of each
                  of the Rio Hondo and San Gabriel
                  River,
                  (j) the number of inches of depth of
                  average rainfall in the San Gabriel
                  Valley,
                  (k) the average annual rainfall in
                  the San Gabriel Valley for the ten
                  consecutive Water Years just ended,
                  (l) Lower Area Annual Entitlement
                  or the entitlement for the Long-term
                  Accounting Period, determined pursuant
                  to subparagraph (d) or (h),
                  respectively, of paragraph 5 of this
                  Judgment,
                  (m) Accrued Debit of Upper Area,
                  if any, or Accrued Credit of Upper
                  Area, if any, as it exists at the end of
                  such Water Year, and
                  (n) the amount, if any, of Make-up
                  Water which Upper District is obligated
                  to deliver during the following
                  Water Year.
*735DETERMINATIONS  8. Each of the above required determinations
TO BE BASED ON  shall be based on and conform to
EXHIBIT B       the procedures specified in this Judgment
                and in Exhibit B insofar as said
                exhibit provides a procedure.
REPORTS         9. The Watermaster shall report to the
MEASUREMENTS    Court and to each party in writing at
AND DATA        the same time and not more than five
                months after the end of each Water Year
                the determination required by paragraph
                7 above.
                  The Watermaster shall cause to be
                installed and maintained in good working
                order such measuring devices in
                Whittier Narrows and elsewhere as are
                necessary or required and not otherwise
                available for the making of the determinations
                required by paragraph 7 above.
                  The Watermaster shall collect and
                assemble from each of the parties, and
                the parties shall make available to the
                Watermaster, such records, reports and
                other data as may reasonably be required
                in the making of the determinations
                required of the Watermaster under
                paragraph 7 above. All records, reports
                and data received, maintained or compiled
                by the Watermaster shall be open
                to inspection by any party or its representative.
OBJECTIONS      10. Any party who objects to any determination
                made by the Watermaster
                pursuant to paragraph 7 above, may
                make such objection in writing to the
                Watermaster within thirty (30) days
                after the Watermaster gives the required
                written notice of such determination.
                Within thirty (30) days after expiration
                of the time within which objection
                may be made to such determination, the
                Watermaster shall consider all objections
                thereto and shall amend, modify or
*736                affirm the determination and give notice
                thereof at the same time to all parties
                and shall file a copy of such final determination
                with the Court. If the Watermaster
                denies any objection in whole or
                in part, the party whose objection was
                so denied may within thirty (30) days
                after service of the final determination
                upon it, make written objection to such
                denial by filing its objections with the
                Court after first mailing a copy of such
                objections to the Watermaster and to
                each party, and such party shall bring
                its objections on for hearing before the
                Court upon notice and motion and at
                such time as the Court may direct. If
                the Watermaster shall change or modify
                any determination, then any party may
                within fifteen (15) days after service
                of such final determination upon it
                object to such change or modification by
                following the procedure prescribed
                above in the case of a denial of an
                objection to the first determination. If
                objection to a final determination is filed
                with the Court as herein provided and
                brought on for hearing, then such final
                determination may be confirmed or
                modified in whole or in part as the Court
                may deem proper.
CHANGE IN       11. If the Watermaster shall deem it
METHOD OF       advisable to make a change in the
MEASUREMENT     method of making any measurement required
                under the terms of this Judgment,
                the Watermaster shall notify all parties
                of such proposed change, and if within
                sixty (60) days of such notification no
                party shall file its written objections to
                such change with the Watermaster, the
                Watermaster may put such proposed
                change into effect. If, however, any party
                files its written objection to the proposed
                change it shall by notice of
                motion filed not later than fifteen (15)
*737                days after the expiration of said 60-day
                period and served on the Watermaster
                and all parties bring its objection on for
                hearing before the Court at such time
                as the Court may direct, and the Court
                shall rule on whether the Watermaster
                may make such proposed change.
BUDGET          12. In addition to the above-specified
                administrative powers and duties, the
                Watermaster shall prepare a tentative
                budget for each Water Year, stating the
                estimated expense for discharging the
                duties of the Watermaster set forth in
                this Judgment. The Watermaster shall
                mail a copy of the tentative budget to
                each of the parties at the same time at
                least sixty (60) days before the beginning
                of each Water Year. However,
                with respect to the first Water Year
                following the entry of this Judgment,
                the tentative budget shall be mailed not
                later than one hundred and twenty
                (120) days from the entry of this
                Judgment. If any party has an objection
                to a tentative budget, or any suggestions
                with respect thereto, that party
                shall present the same in writing to the
                Watermaster within fifteen (15) days
                after service of the tentative budget
                upon it. If no objections are received,
                the tentative budget shall become the
                final budget. If objections to the tentative
                budget are received, the Watermaster
                shall, within fifteen (15) days
                after the expiration of the time for
                presenting objections, consider all such
                objections, prepare a final budget, and
                mail a copy thereof to each party, together
                with a statement of the amount
                assessed, if any, to each party, computed
                as provided in paragraph 13. If the
                Watermaster denies any objection in
                whole or in part, the party whose objection
*738                was so denied may, within fifteen
                (15) days after service of the final
                budget upon it, make written objection
                to such denial by filing its objections
                with the Court after first mailing a copy
                of such objections to each party, and
                such party shall bring its objections on
                for hearing before the Court upon notice
                and motion and at such time as the Court
                may direct. If the Watermaster makes
                a change in the tentative budget, then
                any party may within fifteen (15) days
                after service of the final budget upon it
                object to any such change by following
                the procedure prescribed above in the
                case of a denial of an objection to the
                tentative budget. If objection to the
                final budget is filed with the Court as
                herein provided and brought on for
                hearing, then such final budget may be
                confirmed or adjusted in whole or part
                as the Court may deem proper.
FEES AND        13. The fees, compensation and expenses
EXPENSES        of the Watermaster hereunder shall be
                borne by the parties in the following
                proportions: 50% by Upper District,
                41.2% by Central Municipal, 7.125%
                by the City of Long Beach, and 1.675%
                by the City of Compton, or such other
                division among the Plaintiffs as they
                may agree upon in writing and file with
                the Watermaster.
                  Payment of the amount assessed to a
                party, whether or not subject to adjustment
                by the Court as provided in paragraph
                12, shall be paid on or prior to
                the beginning of the Water Year to
                which the final budget and statement
                of assessed costs is applicable. If such
                payment by any party is not made on or
                before said date, the Watermaster shall
                add a penalty of 5% thereof to such
                party's statement. Payment required
                of any party hereunder may be enforced
*739                by execution issued out of this Court,
                or as may be provided by order hereinafter
                made by this Court. All such payments
                and penalties received by the
                Watermaster shall be expended for the
                administration of this Judgment. Any
                money remaining at the end of any
                Water Year shall be available for use
                in the following Water Year.
SUCCESSOR       14. If a public agency or district shall
OF UPPER        be formed hereafter which shall include
DISTRICT        the present area of Upper District and
                shall have ability equal to or greater
                than that which Upper District now has
                to perform the obligations under this
                Judgment, and shall appear in this
                action and file a valid and effective assumption
                of such obligations, then
                Upper District upon application to this
                Court, and after notice and hearing,
                shall thereupon be relieved and discharged
                from all further obligations
                hereunder.
CONTINUING      15. Full jurisdiction, power and authority
JURISDICTION    is retained and reserved by the Court
OF THE COURT    for the purpose of enabling the Court
                upon application of any party by motion
                and upon at least thirty (30) days notice
                thereof, and after hearing thereon (i) to
                make such further or supplemental
                orders or directions as may be necessary
                or appropriate for the construction, enforcement
                or carrying out of this Judgment,
                and (ii) to modify, amend or
                amplify any of the provisions of this
                Judgment whenever substantial changes
                or developments affecting the physical,
                hydrological or other conditions dealt
                with herein may, in the Court's opinion,
                justify or require such modification,
                amendment or amplification.
                  If at any time Plaintiffs and at least
                two-thirds of the Defendants including
*740                any two of the cities of Alhambra, Azusa
                and Monterey Park, shall file with the
                Court a written stipulation (i) that
                henceforth in determining any one or
                more of the component parts of Usable
                Water received by Lower Area in any
                Water Year, the Watermaster shall not
                use the method specified in this Judgment
                but shall use instead a new,
                different or altered method as specified
                and described in such stipulation, and
                (ii) that such new, different or altered
                method or methods shall be applied to
                redetermine the average annual amount
                of Usable Surface Flow, Subsurface
                Flow and Export to Lower Area which
                Lower Area received each Water Year
                during the period October 1, 1934 to
                September 30, 1959, referred to as the
                base period, and that on the basis of such
                redetermination the Court may modify
                paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Judgment to
                establish a new and different water entitlement
                and yearly adjustment thereto
                which shall thereafter control, then and
                in that event, after hearing pursuant to
                motion and notice to all parties, held at
                such time as the Court may direct, the
                Court may deny the motion or it may
                grant it and (a) approve the future use
                of the stipulated new, different or
                altered method or methods, by the
                Watermaster, and (b) by use of the
                stipulated new, different or altered
                method or methods, redetermine the
                average annual amount of Usable
                Surface Flow, Subsurface Flow and Export
                to Lower Area received each Water
                Year during the base period, and on the
                basis thereof modify paragraphs 4 and
                5 of this Judgment to provide for a new
                and different water entitlement and
                yearly adjustment thereto, which modifications
                shall be effective and control
                commencing with the Water Year following
*741                the entry of the order so modifying
                paragraphs 4 and 5.
REPORT OF       16. Every transfer of any of those water
TRANSFER        rights of Defendants which are the subject
OF WATER        of Paragraph 5(j) of this Judgment,
RIGHTS          whether such transfer is voluntary
                or involuntary, shall be reported
                promptly in writing by the transferor to
                the Watermaster; and the Watermaster
                shall give prompt written notice of such
                transfer to each party and to each
                transferee involved in every other
                transfer of any of those water rights.
                Such report by the transferor and notice
                by the Watermaster shall contain the
                following information as to each such
                transfer:
                  (a) The identity of the transferor;
                  (b) The identity of the transferee;
                  (c) The effective date of the transfer;
                  (d) A brief description of the document
                      by which such transfer is
                      made, and the recording data, if
                      any;
                  (e) A statement as to whether the
                  transfer was voluntary or involuntary;
                  (f) A statement whether or not after
                  such transfer the transferor still
                  has or claims to have any of the
                  water rights which are the subject
                  of Paragraph 5(j) of this
                  Judgment.
NOTICES         17. All notices, requests, objections,
                reports and other papers permitted or
                required by the terms of this Judgment
                shall be given or made by written document
                and shall be served by mail on each
                party and on each transferee of water
                rights who has appeared and filed the
                assumption of obligations required by
*742                paragraph 5(k) of this Judgment, and
                where required or appropriate, on the
                Watermaster. For all purposes of this
                paragraph the mailing address of each
                party shall be that set forth below its
                signature to the Stipulation for Judgment,
                and the mailing address of each
                transferee of water rights shall be that
                set forth in the appearance and assumption
                of obligations required by paragraph
                5(k) of this Judgment, until
                changed as provided below. No further
                notice of any kind as to any matter
                arising hereunder, including notice to
                attorneys of record for any party or
                such transferee, need be given, made
                or served.
                  If any party or any such transferee
                of water rights shall desire to change
                its designation of mailing address, it
                shall file a written notice of such change
                with the clerk of this court and shall
                serve a copy thereof by mail on the
                Watermaster. Upon the receipt of any
                such notice the Watermaster shall
                promptly give written notice thereof to
                each party and to each transferee of
                water rights.
EFFECTIVE       18. The rights decreed and the obligations
DATE            imposed by this Judgment shall be
                effective October 1, 1963, and shall
                accrue from that date.
COSTS           19. None of the parties shall recover any
                costs from any other party.
                Dated: _________________________, 1965.
                    ___________________________________
                                  Judge

*743 Appendix 3

REIMBURSEMENT CONTRACT
THIS CONTRACT is made by and between UPPER SAN GABRIEL VALLEY MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT, herein called "Upper District", and the cities of ALHAMBRA, ARCADIA, AZUSA, COVINA, EL MONTE, GLENDORA, MONTEREY PARK, MONROVIA, SOUTH PASADENA, and WHITITER [sic]; BALDWIN PARK COUNTY WATER DISTRICT, and SAN GABRIEL COUNTY WATER DISTRICT; AZUSA AGRICULTURAL WATER COMPANY, AZUSA VALLEY WATER COMPANY, CALIFORNIA CITIES WATER COMPANY, CALIFORNIA DOMESTIC WATER COMPANY, CALIFORNIA WATER & TELEPHONE COMPANY, COVINA IRRIGATING COMPANY, CROSS WATER COMPANY, EAST PASADENA WATER COMPANY, LTD., GLENDORA IRRIGATING COMPANY, SAN GABRIEL VALLEY WATER COMPANY, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WATER COMPANY, SUBURBAN WATER SYSTEMS, SUNNYSLOPE WATER COMPANY, and VALLECITO WATER COMPANY, corporations, herein collectively called "Pumpers."

RECITALS
1. The Action. In the matter of Board of Water Commissioners of the City of Long Beach, et al. v. San Gabriel Valley Water Company, et al., (L.A. Superior Court No. 722,647) the water rights of substantially all major water producers in the main San Gabriel Valley are sought to be restricted.
2. Judgment. The parties named above, except City of Whittier, are concurrently executing a Stipulation that a Judgment substantially in the form annexed hereto shall be rendered and it is anticipated that such Judgment will be rendered in the action.
3. Public Interest in Settlement. It is in the best interests of the Pumpers and in the best interests of the water users and taxpayers within the corporate boundaries of those Pumpers which are public agencies, of the consumers of those Pumpers which are utilities or mutual water companies, and of all residents and taxpayers of Upper District, that said action be settled and disposed of in accordance with the terms of said Judgment in order to preserve the water supplies within Upper Area.

DEFINITIONS
1. "Contract Costs"  All costs hereafter paid by Upper District:
(a) In providing Make-up Water under the terms of the judgment. In computing such costs of providing *744 Make-up Water, any cost which Upper District shall pay which it would have paid even though it had not provided Make-up Water shall be excluded; and particularly but not exclusively, no amount which shall be paid to The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California as a condition to any past or future annexation shall be deemed a cost of providing Make-up Water. Such costs may include interest paid by Upper District upon money borrowed for advancements made by it or interest which would have been received by the District, but which it lost by reason of making such advancements.
(b) In complying with the terms of said judgment.
(c) In keeping the records, making the determinations and collecting the moneys required by the later provisions of this contract.
2. "Assessable Pumpage"  The amount of ground water produced in the applicable calendar year by or on behalf of any Pumper by pumping or extraction thereof from the Upper Area, including ground water produced under rights hereafter acquired from any source.
3. Common Terms with Judgment  All terms specially defined in said judgment are used herein in the sense in which they are therein defined, and said special definitions are incorporated herein by this reference.

OPERATIVE PROVISIONS
1. Consideration for Execution. The great majority of the defendants in the action are situated in whole or in part within Upper District and pump water therein. Certain defendants, including the Cities of Alhambra, Azusa and Monterey Park, as well as the City of Whittier which is not a defendant, lie outside Upper District. Execution of this agreement by all parties to it is essential to induce each party hereto to execute this agreement, and likewise, execution of the Stipulation for Judgment by all defendants in the action is necessary to induce each party hereto to execute this contract. Each party executes this contract in consideration of its execution by the other parties, and in consideration of the execution of the Stipulation by the parties thereto. Moreover, by this contract each party other than City of Whittier waives its right to cross-complain in the action so as to bring City of Whittier into the action as a party.
*745 2. Intervention by Upper District. In consideration of the execution of this contract by Pumpers and to contribute to the physical solution of providing adequate water for its inhabitants, Upper District has intervened as a defendant in the action and agrees to execute the stipulation for said judgment.
3. Administration. Upper District shall administer the provisions of this contract, as to all Pumpers, including additional parties hereto mentioned in Paragraph 16.
4. Covenant to Reimburse. Each Pumper hereby agrees to pay to Upper District such Pumper's share of Contract Costs allocated and determined as provided below.
5. Allocation of Costs Among Pumpers. Pumpers agree among themselves, each for the benefit of all other Pumpers, to share and participate in the payment of any sums due Upper District hereunder in such proportion as the Assessable Pumpage of each Pumper bears to the total Assessable Pumpage of all Pumpers for the applicable period covered by any assessment as hereinafter provided, subject to the provisions of Paragraphs 9 and 11 below.
6. Reports by Pumpers. Pumpers shall file under penalty of perjury the reports hereinafter specified in the form provided by Upper District, as follows:
(a) Time and Procedure for Filing. Each year, on or before March 1, each Pumper shall file with Upper District a written report of its extractions of water from Upper Area for the preceding calendar year containing the information set forth in subparagraph (b) of this paragraph.
(b) Contents of the Report. Such annual reports to Upper District shall set forth:
(1) The name and address of the Pumper; and
(2) The number of acre feet of water which was pumped or extracted from Upper Area by or on behalf of the Pumper during the calendar year covered.
(c) Determination in Lieu of Report. In the event any Pumper fails to so file such report, Upper District shall make a determination of the Assessable Pumpage of such Pumper, which determination, subject to the provisions of Paragraph 9 below, shall be final and binding.
*746 7. Notice of Assessment. On or before June 1 of each year, Upper District shall serve a Notice of Assessment on each Pumper covering the preceding calendar year which will contain a statement of:
(a) The amount of Assessable Pumpage by each Pumper;
(b) A detailed statement of Contract costs during the preceding calendar year, if any; and
(c) A statement of the amount of such Contract Costs which are assessable to and payable by the Pumper to whom such notice is sent.
8. Payment  Delinquency and Default. All assessments herein provided for shall be due and payable on the following July 31. In the event of nonpayment of any assessment, Upper District may bring an action and shall have the right to recover such assessment, together with interest thereon at the rate of 7% per annum from the date of delinquency and costs of suit, including any reasonable attorneys' fees incurred.
If, after due diligence, Upper District is unable to collect a Pumper's allocated cost, such uncollectible amount (including interest, costs and attorneys' fees) shall be prorated among and paid by the other Pumpers in the same proportions as they paid assessments for the year or years in question. Said proration shall be billed and payable with the next succeeding assessment.
9. Redetermination of Assessable Pumpage. Any Pumper who has paid his assessment as herein provided may at any time within 90 days after receipt of Notice of such Assessment request a redetermination of the Assessable Pumpage of such Pumper or of any other Pumper or Pumpers reflected in such notice. Such request shall be addressed in writing to Upper District and shall set forth the basis of the requesting Pumper's belief that such data are incorrect. Upon the receipt of any such request, the following procedures shall be undertaken by Upper District:
(a) Notice of Request for Redetermination. Upper District shall forthwith notify in writing any Pumper whose Assessable Pumpage has been questioned, of the fact of such request and the name of the requesting Pumper. Notice shall further be sent to all Pumpers that procedures will be undertaken pursuant to this *747 paragraph, and shall state briefly the issues to be determined.
(b) Availability of Records. Subsequent to such notice, the records of the Pumper whose Assessable Pumpage is subject to a request for redetermination shall be made available at reasonable hours and upon reasonable demand to Upper District, insofar as such records are relevant to a determination of the Assessable Pumpage of the Pumper during the period involved.
(c) Investigation and Notice of Hearing. Upper District shall conduct an investigation and shall by written decision served on all Pumpers redetermine or affirm such Assessable Pumpage. Upper District may at its option set a date for hearing. In such event, at least ten days' notice in writing of said hearing date shall be given to all Pumpers.
(d) Conduct of Hearing and Decision. If hearing be held, Upper District shall not be bound therein by strict rules of evidence, but may rely on any evidence which it deems of probative value. Any Pumper may present evidence and arguments thereat. The written decision of Upper District, with or without such hearing, shall be served on all Pumpers and shall be conclusive for purposes of this contract, unless said issue is submitted to a court of competent jurisdiction within 90 days from notice of such decision.
(e) Reallocation of Contract Costs. If Assessable Pumpage is modified by any such decision, Contract Costs shall be reallocated in accordance therewith. Said reallocation shall be billed and payable with the next succeeding assessment.
10. Water Rights Unaffected. This contract relates solely to the equitable allocation of Contract Costs and does not involve or constitute an admission or agreement as to the water rights of any Pumper. Execution of this contract or of the said Stipulation for Judgment shall not prevent any party hereto from bringing or maintaining any action or proceeding to determine rights to pump, extract or store water, or to limit or curtail any pumping, extraction or storage of water in or from Upper Area or elsewhere, except as limited by Paragraphs 1 and 16 of the Operative Provisions hereof.
*748 11. Changed Conditions. It is recognized that conditions in Upper Area may hereafter change to such an extent that it may become equitable to modify either the total obligation of Pumpers to Upper District hereunder or the allocation of Contract Costs. While this contract is entered into to assure Upper District of reimbursement of an amount up to its entire Contract Costs, it is not intended hereby, and this contract shall not be deemed, to prevent Upper District from modifying and reducing such obligation or from applying other relief which may reduce the burden on Pumpers. Without limitation upon the power of Upper District to otherwise reduce the aggregate amount payable under this contract, the following specific instances of changed conditions are contemplated:
(a) Allocation of Portion of Burden to Taxes. It may at some future date appear equitable and fair to allocate all or a portion of Contract Costs to ad valorem taxes or other revenues of Upper District. In such event, Upper District may, in the discretion of its Board of Directors, allocate all or a portion of Contract Costs to such revenue sources and the remainder, if any, thereof, shall be payable under the terms of this contract.
(b) Imposition of Pump Tax. If Upper District should acquire and exercise the power to levy a tax or assessment upon the pumping or extraction of ground water within its boundaries and such power may be exercised for the purpose of paying all or a portion of Contract Costs as herein defined or the proceeds of such tax or assessment may be used to purchase Make-up Water as herein defined, then the proceeds of such tax or assessment shall first be used by Upper District to apply towards the Contract Costs otherwise payable by Pumpers within Upper District or towards paying the share of Make-up Water costs otherwise required of said Pumpers.
(c) Adjudication of Rights. If all or substantially all of the water rights within Upper Area shall be adjudicated (including the rights of all Pumpers), and its natural and safe yield determined, then this contract shall be deemed modified to the extent that Assessable Pumpage shall include only that amount of water produced over and above the safe yield portion of adjudicated rights owned by any Pumper; provided that this subparagraph (c) shall not apply to any year in which the *749 aggregate of all Assessable Pumpage as so modified is less than 25,000 acre feet.
12. Effective Date. This contract shall be effective ten (10) days after notice in writing of execution thereof by all parties, which notice shall be given to all Pumpers by Upper District, but shall cease and terminate on July 1, 1967, unless by said date (a) this contract shall have been validated as provided below, and (b) the Judgment shall have been rendered.
13. Validation. Within four months after this contract becomes effective, a proceeding or proceedings shall be instituted by Upper District in a court of competent jurisdiction by an appropriate action or actions for determination of the validity of this contract.
14. Term. The term of this contract shall commence upon its effective date and continue so long as the Judgment, as entered or as modified, shall remain in effect, subject, however, to the provisions of Paragraph 12 above.
15. Notices. Any notice to be served upon any party hereunder may be served either personally or by mail. If served by mail, such notice shall be mailed in the County of Los Angeles, State of California, by certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, or by registered mail, and shall be addressed to the party to be served at its address as set forth below, or (in the case of Upper District) at such other address as it may have last specified in writing to the Pumper or Pumpers involved for the service of notices hereunder, or (in the case of a Pumper) at such other address as it may have last specified in writing to Upper District for the service of notices hereunder. Any notice so served by mail shall be deemed to have been served upon the first business day (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays) after such mailing.
16. Additional Parties. In addition to Pumpers and their successors and assigns referred to in Paragraph 17 below, any other person or entity who or which shall pump or extract water in or from Upper Area (herein referred to as an "additional party"), may become a party to this contract, provided (a) Upper District shall give its written consent thereto, and (b) no Pumper or additional party shall serve upon Upper District its written objection thereto. If Upper District shall give its written consent to execution of this *750 contract by an applying additional party, it shall then give written notice of such application and consent by Upper District to each Pumper and each additional party, and if within thirty (30) days after such notice no Pumper or additional party shall have served upon Upper District its written objection to execution of this contract by the applying additional party, such additional party's application shall be deemed to have been accepted and it may become a party to this contract by delivery to Upper District of a duly executed instrument in writing stating that such person or entity joins in and becomes a party to this contract.
Any additional party so joining shall become bound by all obligations of this contract, becoming due or which should be performed within the terms of this contract on and after the ensuing January 1. Such obligations include the duty to make the report of extractions during the preceding calendar year (i.e., the year in which the contract is executed) required by Paragraph 6, and to make the payment based upon such extractions as required by Paragraph 5, provided, however, that such additional party shall have no liability under Paragraph 8 with respect to any nonpayments of an assessment based upon extractions by a Pumper or other additional party prior to the year in which such additional party joins in this contract.
As to each Pumper who executes this contract after it becomes effective, Upper District agrees that for a period of 90 days after giving its said written consent, it will bring no action against such additional party to limit or define its rights to pump water in or from Upper Area. Further, if more than one such Pumper shall become a party to this agreement at the same time as any other pumper, each will execute and shall be deemed to have executed this contract and to have joined therein in consideration of the joinder in this contract by the other or others concurrently joining in this contract.
Any such additional party shall be deemed a Pumper for all purposes of this agreement.
17. Successors and Assigns. This contract shall inure to the benefit of and bind the successors in ownership of the water rights of the parties. If any Pumper shall sell or transfer or agree to sell or transfer its water rights in Upper Area or any part of such water rights, such Pumper shall require as a condition of any such sale, transfer or agreement *751 that the purchaser or transferee, if not already a party to this contract, shall execute this contract and become a party thereto. Upon a full transfer of such rights by a Pumper and assumption by the assignee as above provided, the assigning Pumper shall be discharged of obligation hereunder. If such Pumper fails to obtain such assumption (except in cases of a transfer under order of court or by operation of law) the assigning Pumper shall remain bound by the contract and production of water by said assignee by the exercise of the right assigned shall be treated as production by such Pumper.
18. Execution in Counterparts. This contract may be executed in counterparts (each counterpart being an exact copy or duplicate of the original) and all counterparts collectively shall be considered as constituting one complete contract.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF this contract is executed by the undersigned by its duly authorized officer.
    Dated _________________________
                                          _________________________
  (SEAL)                                  By ______________________
                                          By ______________________
NOTES
[*]   Assigned by the Chairman of the Judicial Council.
[1]  Filed on behalf of the Cities of Arcadia, Covina, El Monte, Glendora, Monrovia and South Pasadena, Baldwin Park County Water District, San Gabriel County Water District, Azusa Valley Water Company, California Cities Water Company, California Water & Telephone Company, Covina Irrigating Company, East Pasadena Water Co., Ltd., Glendora Irrigating Company, San Gabriel Valley Water Company, Southern California Water Company, Suburban Water Systems and Vallecito Water Co.
[2]  "The City of Long Beach shall continue in the ownership and enjoyment of all water and water rights vested in it, and ownership of the right to develop, economize, control, use, conserve, and utilize all water flowing or being beneath the surface of any and all lands now owned or that may be hereafter acquired by it. No water or water rights now or hereafter owned or controlled by the city, shall ever be sold, leased or disposed of, in whole or in part, without the assent of two-thirds of the qualified voters of the city, voting on the proposition at a general or special election, at which such proposition shall be lawfully submitted, and no water shall ever be sold, supplied or distributed to any person or corporation other than municipal, for resale, rental or disposal to consumers or other persons. Provided that nothing in this section contained shall be construed to prevent the ordinary sale and distribution by the city of water to its inhabitants for their own use, or to prevent the supplying or distribution by the city of surplus water to consumers or municipal corporations outside of the city, as elsewhere in this article provided." Charter of the City of Long Beach, California, section 216d, Amendment of 1933.
[*]   The map, Exhibit A, and the Engineering Appendix referred to in paragraph 2 of the proposed judgment are not included in this Appendix 2.
[**]   For table see following page.