Court Opinion

ID: 9384392
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-04-03 18:06:26.222138+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:17:53.098239
License: Public Domain

NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION

                            STATE OF LOUISIANA

                              COURT OF APPEAL

                                FIRST CIRCUIT

                                 2022 CA 0692

                             DAVID CAMPAGNA

                                   VERSUS

    CITY OF BATON ROUGE/PARISH OF EAST BATON ROUGE
    THROUGH THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE; AND CITY OF
 BATON ROUGE/PARISH OF EAST BATON ROUGE PERSONNEL
                                   000

                             DATE of juDGmENT:       APR 0 3 2023

    ON APPEAL FROM THE NINETEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT
          PARISH OF EAST BATON ROUGE, STATE OF LOUISIANA
                           NUMBER 697692, SECTION 27

                       HONORABLE TRUDY M. WHITE, JUDGE

Anderson O. Dotson, III                  Counsel for Defendant -Appellant
Dawn N. Guillot                          City of Baton Rouge/Parish of East
Baton Rouge, Louisiana                   Baton Rouge

J. Arthur Smith, III                     Counsel for Plaintiff A
                                                               - ppellee
Robert M. Schmidt                        David Campagna
Baton Rouge, Louisiana

                 13EFORE: THERIOT, CHUTZ, AND HESTER, JJ.

Disposition; AFFUMED IN PART AND REVERSED IN PART.
Chutz, J.

       Appellant,    the City of Baton Rouge/Parish of East Baton Rouge (                     the

City/Parish), appeals a district court judgment reversing the decision of the

City/Parish Personnel Board ( the Personnel Board) refusing to grant a hearing or

take any action on a classified civil service employee' s appeal of two "poor" service

ratings,
           which resulted in the service ratings remaining unchanged.                    For the

following reasons, we affirm in part and reverse in part.

                FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

       From December 10, 1994, through March 5, 2020, David Campagna was a

permanent classified civil service employee working as an auditor for the City/Parish

Finance Department.       On November 21, 2019, he received a year end service rating
of " poor."   He appealed the "     poor"
                                            rating the following day. After ninety days,

Campagna was re -rated on February 21, 2020, and again received a service rating of
 poor."
           Campagna also appealed that rating.

       By letter dated March 5, 2020, Campagna was terminated, effective at the

close of business that date, on the grounds of his alleged " inability to perform the

duties of [his] position."     Specific reference was made in the termination letter to

Campagna' s two " poor" service ratings, as well as to Rule VIII, § 5. 4.' Under this

rule, an employee " shall"    be dismissed if he fails to advance to a higher rating level

when he is re -rated after having received a " poor" service rating.

       A pre -termination hearing was held on March 3, 2020, at which Campagna

purportedly was given the opportunity to present witnesses and other evidence

regarding his possible termination.' According to the termination letter, Campagna

1 All references made herein to civil service rules are made to the " Rules Governing Employees in
the Classified Service of the City of Baton Rouge and Parish of East Baton Rouge."

2 Because a permanent classified civil service employee has a property right in his continued
employment, due process requires he be given notice of the charges and evidence against him and
an opportunity to respond before the termination of his employment.         Cleveland Board of
Education v Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532, 546, 105 S. Ct. 1487, 1495, 84 L.Ed.2d 494 ( 1985);     see

                                                K
failed to provide any witnesses or present any evidence that would lead the Finance

Department director to overturn the " performance scoring"             of Campagna' s

supervisors or demonstrate any improvement in his performance during the 90 -day
improvement period. Campagna appealed his termination to the Personnel Board,

but the parties agreed to stay the appeal of the termination pending the outcome of

the instant appeal involving his " poor" service ratings.

       At a hearing on March 12, 2020, the Personnel Board considered both of

Campagna' s appeals of his " poor" service ratings, even though Campagna asserted

he was unprepared to argue on the second appeal. After hearing arguments from

both sides, the Personnel Board concluded Campagna failed to make a primafacie

case entitling him to a hearing under Rule VIII, § 7. 3( A)   and ( C) on the merits of

either of his two "   poor"   service ratings.   By letter dated March 17,    2020, the

Personnel Board gave Campagna formal notice of its unanimous vote to take no

action on his appeals.    The Personnel Board' s decision to take no action meant

Campagna' s " poor" service ratings remained unchanged. See Rule VIII, § 7. 3( B).

      Campagna filed a petition for judicial review in the 19th Judicial District

Court. He alleged the Personnel Board erred in multiple respects, including: failing

to allow him to contest the merits of his " poor" service ratings at the March 12, 2020

hearing; failing to allow him to introduce evidence and testimony regarding his job

performance while allowing the City/Parish to present evidence and testimony

regarding the same issue; and allowing the Personal Board' s attorney to take

positions on evidentiary matters and to make prejudicial comments on the evidence.

Additionally, Campagna alleged the civil service rule requiring him to carry the

burden of presenting aprimafacie case before being granted a hearing on his service

also Williams v. Department of Public Safety A CorrectionsElayn Hunt Correctional Center,
08-2294 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 10/ 8/ 09) ( unpublished), 2009 WL 3231872, at * 1

                                            3
ratings was unconstitutional and resulted in his due process rights being violated at

the March 12, 2020 hearing.

       Following a hearing, the district court signed a judgment on April 25, 2022,

reversing the Personnel Board' s decision and remanding the matter to the Personnel

Board to hold a full hearing on Campagna' s two " poor"           service ratings and his

resulting termination.      In its reasons for judgment, the district court opined that

because Rule VIII, § 5. 4 provides for mandatory termination if an employee fails to

improve his performance when re -rated 90 days after receiving a poor service rating,
the Personnel Board' s decision to hear both appeals together shifted the burden of

proof to the City/Parish " to show at a minimum, that Campagna did not improve his

job performance in the re -rating by advancing to a higher level."      The district court

concluded the March 12, 2020 hearing was not conducted in accordance with the

City/Parish' s civil service rules or the constitutional requirements of due process and

the Personnel Board' s ruling upholding the initial rating and subsequent re -rating
constituted manifest error.

       The City/Parish has now appealed, arguing in three assignments of error that
the district court erred: ( 1)   in ordering a full hearing on Campagna' s termination and

in considering the merits of the second service rating; ( 2) in finding Campagna had

a property interest in his performance reviews and, therefore, a right to a due process

hearing at which the City/Parish would bear the burden of proof; and ( 3) in finding

the Personnel Board' s refusal to grant a hearing on Campagna' s service ratings was

not supported by the record or in accordance with proper procedures and in finding

Campagna was not allowed to present evidence at the March 12 hearing.

                        STANDARD OF JUDICIAL REVIEW

       In reviewing a decision of the Personnel Board on a petition for judicial

review, the district court exercises its exclusive original jurisdiction but does not

conduct a trial de novo and cannot ignore the Personnel Board' s findings and

                                               4
conclusions.   The district court' s proper function is to serve as a court of review.

The decision of the Personnel Board may not be overturned absent a finding that it

is either not supported by substantial and competent evidence or that it is arbitrary,
capricious and an abuse of discretion.     Moreover, a presumption of regularity must

be accorded to the Personnel Board' s decision.              Potier v.   City of Baton

Rouge/Parish ofEast Baton Rouge, 22- 0137 (La. App. 1 st Cir. 1114/ 22),            So -3d

     2022 WL 16707827, at * 2; Lemoine v. Department ofPublic Works, 02- 2532

 La. App. 1st Cir. 9126/03), 857 So. 2d 550, 552.

       In the event a district court reverses a decision of the Personnel Board on a

petition for judicial review, this court' s review is limited to whether the district court

was manifestly erroneous or clearly wrong in concluding the Personnel Board' s

findings either were not supported by substantial and competent evidence or that

based upon these findings,      the Personnel Board' s decision was arbitrary and

capricious and an abuse of discretion. Id.

                     APPLICABLE CIVIL SERVICE RULES

       Rule VIII, § 5, 4 provides:

       A rating of Poor ( Level 1) makes an employee ineligible for a one ( 1)
       step merit increase, transfer or consideration for promotion for a twelve
        12) month period from the date of the rating.      The employee shall be
       re -rated in ninety (90) days.

      Upon re -rating, an employee who improves their job performance by
      advancing to a higher rating level shall remain employed but will
      remain ineligible for a one ( 1) step merit increase, transfer or
      consideration for promotion for the remainder of the rating period.

      Upon re -rating, an employee who does not improve their job
      performance by advancing to a higher level shall forthwith be
      dismissed by the appointing authority in accordance with Rule X,
      Disciplinary Actions and Separations. ( Emphasis added.)

      Appeals of "poor"     service ratings are governed by Rule VIII, §§§ 7. 1- 7. 31

which provide, in pertinent part, as follows:

       7. 1    In accordance with Rule X, Section 3,       an employee' s service

      rating of Poor may be appealed to the Personnel Board... .

                                            5
      7. 2      Service Ratings Appeal Process.        The rules for the Personnel
      Board' s hearing of service rating appeals ...      are as follows:

                A. All " Poor"    service ratings are appealable directly to the
                    Personnel Board. ...

      7. 3     Service Ratings Appeal Determination.

               A. In either process, the employee must present a prima facie
                    case, raising enough concern by the Board that his/her rating
                    was rendered as a result of the following:

                     1) bias, based on nonjob performance factors;

                     2)  other action constituting     an abuse    of supervisorst'}
                    discretion;

                     3) other personal matters not related to the job, i.e.,   political

                    reasons.

               B. Should the employee fail to meet its [ sic] burden of proof,
                    the Board shall take no action and the [ poor] rating shall
                    remain the same,

               C. Should the employee meet its [        sic]   burden of proof, the
                    Board shall grant the employee a hearing on the matter.
                    If the Board rules in favor of the appointing authority[, the
                    poor] rating shall remain the same. If the Board rules in
                    favor of the employee, then the Board shall recommend a
                    rating.

                                                                                    191h
               F.   Any appeals regarding these matters must be taken to the
               Judicial District Court...

Emphasis added.)

                                       DISCUSSION

      Under Rule VIII, § 7. 3( A), a    classified employee is entitled to a hearing on an

appeal of a " poor" service rating only if he makes a primafacie case raising " enough

concern"     by the Personnel Board that the rating was the result of bias, nonjob

performance factors, an abuse of supervisory discretion, and/ or non j-ob-related

personal matters. If the employee meets this burden of proof, he is granted a hearing

                                               6
on the matter. Ifthe employee fails to meet this burden ofproof, the Personnel Board

will take no action on the appeal and the " poor" service rating remains unchanged.

Rule VIII, §§7.3( B) and ( C).

         At the March 12, 2020 hearing in this case, the Personnel Board' s attorney

repeatedly stressed the only issue before the Personnel Board under Rule VIII, §

7. 3( A) was whether Campagna had presented aprimafacie case raising concern that
his "   poor"   service ratings were the result of bias, non j-ob performance factors, an

abuse of supervisory discretion, and/ or non -job-related personal matters. See Rule

VIII, § 7. 3.   In two separate votes, the Personnel Board decided Campagna failed to

meet the burden of establishing such a primafacie case with respect to either of his

 poor"     service   ratings.   Therefore, the Personnel Board took no action on

Campagna' s appeals and his two " poor" service ratings remained unchanged.         Due

to its ruling, the Personnel Board did not consider the merits of Campagna' s "    poor"

service ratings.

         In reversing the Personnel Board and ordering it to hold " full and meaningful

hearings on the merits" of Campagna' s two service ratings and his termination, it is

apparent the district court disagreed with the Personnel Board' s decision. In order

to reverse the Personnel Board' s decision, however, the district court was required

to find the decision either was not supported by substantial and competent evidence

or that it was arbitrary, capricious and an abuse of discretion. Potier,        So.3d at

        2022 WL 16707827, at * 2; Lemoine, 857 So. 2d at 552. Based on our review

of the record, we find the district court manifestly erred in finding the Personnel
Board' s decision with respect to the November 21, 2019 service rating was not

supported by the record and/ or was arbitrary, capricious and an abuse of discretion.

The record is devoid of any evidence indicating the November 21,           2019 service

rating was rendered as a result of bias, nonjob performance factors, an abuse of

                                             7
supervisory discretion, and/or personal matters not related to the job.'                  Therefore,

the district court manifestly erred in reversing the Personnel Board' s decision with

respect to the November 21, 2019 " poor"                 service rating and ordering a full hearing

on Campagna' s appeal of that rating!

         Additionally, the district court erred in ordering a full hearing on Campagna' s

termination.         The decision before the district court on Campagna' s petition for

judicial review involved appeals of his two "                poor"   service ratings rather than his

termination, which is the subject of a separate proceeding and appeal. As previously

noted, the parties agreed to stay the appeal of Campagna' s termination pending the

outcome of the instant matter. it was improper for the district court to order a hearing

be held in a separate proceeding not pending before the district court.

         Regarding Campagna' s February 21, 2020 re -rating of "poor,"                 however, we

agree with the district court that the Personnel Board' s decision was not supported

  Campagna alleged in brief, and the district court agreed, that Campagna was not allowed to
present evidence at the March 12, 2020 hearing that could have met his burden of proof under Rule
VIII, § 7. 3. Contrary to Campagna' s assertions, however, the hearing transcript reflects the
Personnel Board admitted the exhibits offered by Campagna. Moreover, although Campagna
claimed at the March 2020 hearing that he could present witnesses to support his claims ifhe could
contact them by phone to determine if they were available, he failed to bring any witnesses to the
hearing.

  As to claims by Campagna regarding alleged due process violations involving his appeal of the
November 21, 2019 " poor" service rating, we note the consequences of this initial " poor" service
rating were merely to make Campagna ineligible for a one- step merit increase, transfer, or
consideration for promotion for a twelve-month period. See Rule VIII, § 5. 4. In order to claim a
due process violation, a claimant must show the existence of some property or liberty interest that
has been adversely affected. See Washington v East Baton Rouge Parish School Board, l l -
1703 (La. App. 1st Cir. 5/ 14/ 12) ( unpublished), 2012 WL 1744466, at * 5; see also Bell v.
Department of Health & Human Resources, 483 So.2d 945, 951 ( La. 1985), cert. denied, 479
U.S. 827, 107 S. Ct. 105, 93 L.Ed.2d 55 ( 1986). Further, to obtain due process protection, a person
must have more than an abstract need or desire for the liberty or property interest and must have
more than a unilateral expectation of the interest; instead, the person must have a legitimate claim
of entitlement to the interest. Oliver v Orleans Parish School Board, 14- 0329 ( La. 10131114),
156 So. 3d 596, 619-20, cert. denied, 575 U.S. 1009, 135 S. Ct. 2315, 191 L.Ed.2d 979 ( 2015). In
this case, Campagna failed to show his unilateral desire or expectation ofreceiving a service rating
other than " poor,"    when the consequences were those noted above, rose to the level of a liberty or
property interest protected by due process.

 We note, however, that while Campagna did not meet the burden of proof required under Rule
VIII, § 7.3     to be granted a hearing on the appeal of his November 21, 2019 service rating, because
this rating apparently formed part of the basis for the termination of his employment, in which he
did have a protected property interest, the City/ Parish will bear the burden of proving in the post-
termination proceeding that the " poor" rating was warranted. See La. Const. art. X, § 8.

                                                     8
by the record and/ or was arbitrary, capricious and an abuse of discretion.                          In its

reasons for judgment, the district court concluded "[ tjhe mathematical calculation

for the second rating was flawed" and Campagna' s second service rating actually

increased from "poor" to the next level of "needs improvement."' From our review

of the November 21,            2019 and February 21,              2020 service ratings, Campagna' s

February 21, 2020 " poor" service rating does appear ostensibly incorrect based on

an apparent numeric score that is consistent with a service rating of " needs

improvement" rather than " poor."'                 The fact that Campagna nevertheless received a

 poor"
           service rating, considered together with his assertions that he was treated

differently than other employees and his ratings resulted from non-performance

related factors, was sufficient to present a prima facie case raising " enough concern"

that the February 21,            2020 "      poor"   service rating resulted from bias,           nonjob

performance factors, an abuse of supervisory discretion,                        and/ or non -job-related

personal matters.

        Under the circumstances, the Personnel Board' s decision that Campagna did

not present a prima facie case entitling him to a hearing under Rule VIII, § 7. 3                       on

the appeal of his February 21, 2020 re -rating was not supported by the evidence

and/ or was arbitrary, capricious and an abuse of discretion. Accordingly, we find

no error in the district court reversing that portion of the Personnel Board' s decision

S Under Rule VIII, § 5. 4, an employee who improves his " poor" service rating to a higher level
upon being re -rated shall remain employed but remains ineligible for a merit increase, transfer, or
consideration for promotion during the remainder of the rating period.

G In the November 21, 2014 service rating, Campagna was rated on seven factors for which he
received   ratings   of   either " poor" (   one   quality point) or the next higher level      of " needs
improvement" ( two quality points).    He received a total of ten quality points, which was then
divided by seven to arrive at a numeric score of 1. 43. This score falls within the 1. 00 —1. 44 range
for a " poor" service rating. In his February 21, 2020 re -rating, Campagna received the same ratings
and duality points on each of the seven factors that he had received in his November 21, 2014
rating, except on the factor of" dependability." Campagna' s rating on the factor of "dependability"
improved from " poor" to " needs improvement,"              which earned him one additional quality point.
Applying the same methodology employed in the first rating, it appears Campagna earned a total
of eleven quality points, which when divided by seven, results in a numeric score of 1. 57. Rather
than falling in the range for a " poor" service rating, this score falls within the 1. 50 -- 2. 49 range for
a " needs improvement" service rating.

                                                        9
and ordering a full hearing on the appeal of Campagna' s February 21, 2020 " poor"
                  7
service rating.

                                       CONCLUSION

        For the reasons assigned, the portion of the district court judgment reversing
the decision of the City of Baton Rouge/ Parish of East Baton Rouge Personnel Board

and ordering a full hearing on the merits ofthe appeal taken from David Campagna' s

November 21, 2019 "       poor"   service rating, as well as the portion of the judgment

ordering a full hearing on his termination, are hereby reversed.             The portion of the

district court judgment reversing the decision of the City of Baton Rouge/Parish of

East Baton Rouge Personnel Board and ordering a full hearing on the merits of the

appeal taken from David Campagna' s February 21, 2020 " poor"                  service ratings is

hereby affirmed. The parties are to each pay one- half of the costs of this appeal, in

the amount of $4,417.00 each.

       AFFIRMED IN PART AND REVERSED IN PART.

  In view of this disposition, we pretermit consideration of Campagna' s contention that the
City/Parish rules were unconstitutional, as applied, because they imposed the burden of proof on
him to establish entitlement to a hearing on the merits ofthis appeal. For the same reason, we also
pretermit consideration of the issue of whether any due process rights Campagna may have had, if
any, with respect to the appeal of his second " poor" service rating were violated at the March 12,
2020 hearing by the Personnel Board' s decision to consider that matter over Campagna' s objection
that he was unprepared to proceed on that appeal. ¶

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