Court Opinion

ID: 154724
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2010-08-14 04:03:24+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:01:31.151573
License: Public Domain

F I L E D
                                                                      United States Court of Appeals
                                                                              Tenth Circuit
                 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                               APR 15 1997

                                 TENTH CIRCUIT                           PATRICK FISHER
                                                                                  Clerk

 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

          Plaintiff-Appellee,
                                                          Nos. 95-5194
 v.                                                (D.C. No. 93-CR-001-02-C)
                                                             (NOK)
 LOROAN VERNERS,

          Defendant-Appellant.

                          ORDER AND JUDGMENT *

Before SEYMOUR, Chief Judge, KELLY and LUCERO, Circuit Judges.

      After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of this appeal.

See F ED . R. A PP . P. 34(a); 10th C IR . R. 34.1.9. Therefore, the case is ordered

submitted without oral argument.

      *
       This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
      Laroan Verners was convicted of possession of cocaine base with intent to

distribute, establishment of manufacturing operations, aiding and abetting his co-

defendant Guessinia Verners in the commission of those crimes, and use of a

firearm during and in relation to a federal drug trafficking crime, in violation of

21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(A), 856(a)(1), and 18 U.S.C. §§ 2, and 924(c)(1).

He was sentenced to a term of imprisonment of 375 months followed by a 10 year

period of supervised release. On direct appeal we affirmed all convictions except

that of aiding and abetting Guessinia Verners in the possession of cocaine with

intent to distribute because we reversed her conviction on that count. United

States v. Verners, 53 F.3d 291, 298 (10th Cir. 1995). On remand, Mr. Verners

received the same sentence. He appeals his resentencing, and we affirm.

      Mr. Verners raises two issues on appeal. First, he suggests that the district

court should have reduced his sentence under USSG § 3E1.1 for acceptance of

responsibility for his crime. Second, he contends the district court failed to state

in open court the reasons for its imposition of sentence in violation of 18 U.S.C. §

3553(c). We will consider each of these issues in turn.

              Acceptance of Responsibility Reduction in Sentence

      Section 3E1.1 of the Sentencing Guidelines provides that “[i]f the

defendant clearly demonstrates acceptance of responsibility for his offense, [the

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court shall] decrease the offense level by 2 levels.” USSG § 3E1.1(a). The

commentary following section 3E1.1(a) elucidates that a “voluntary surrender to

authorities promptly after commission of the offense” is an appropriate

consideration in determining whether subsection (a) has been satisfied. U. S.

S ENTENCING G UIDELINES M ANUAL § 3E1.1, comment. (n.1(d)) (1995). Mr.

Verners argues that because his presentence investigation report stated he had

voluntarily surrendered to the authorities, the district court erred by failing to

grant him a 2 level sentence reduction.

      “The district court has broad discretion to determine whether to award [a]

reduction [in sentence under USSG § 3E1.1], and we will not disturb the court’s

decision absent clearly erroneous findings.” United States v. Gassaway, 81 F.3d

920, 922 (10th Cir. 1996). “A defendant bears the burden of establishing his

entitlement to a . . . reduction under § 3E1.1." Id.

      While it is true the presentence report mentioned that Mr. Verners

voluntarily surrendered to the authorities, the report did not recommend a

sentence reduction based on that fact. Instead, the report states that “the

defendant does not qualify for acceptance of responsibility.” Aplt’s Brief at doc.

C. It appears from the record before this court that Mr. Verners failed to object to

that portion of the presentence report. There are no written motions for sentence

reduction based on acceptance of responsibility, and Mr. Verners did not take the

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opportunity to raise the issue in his resentencing hearing. Part of Mr. Verners’

burden in obtaining a sentence reduction includes requesting that reduction.

There can be no error in failing to grant a sentence reduction that was not

requested. 1

           Failure to State Basis for Sentencing Range in Open Court

       Section 3553 of title 18 requires that when the court imposes a sentence of

greater than twenty four months, as it did here, “[t]he court, at the time of

sentencing, shall state in open court the reason for its imposition of the particular

sentence.” 18 U.S.C. § 3553(c). In addition, if the sentencing guidelines provide

a sentencing range, the court must state “the reason for imposing a sentence at a

particular point within the range.” Id. § 3553(c)(1). Mr. Verners contends the

district court failed on resentencing to state the reason for sentencing him in the

middle of the applicable sentencing range.

       As the Government points out, although the district court did not state its

reasons for Mr. Verner’s sentencing range at resentencing, the court expressly

referred back to Mr. Verner’s original sentencing where the court did state its

       1
         Even if Mr. Verners had requested a sentence reduction pursuant to USSG
§ 3E1.1, there was ample evidence on which to base a denial of a reduction.
Although Mr. Verners did surrender voluntarily, he pled not guilty to the offenses
for which he was charged and required the Government to prove all elements of
its case. See USSG § 3E1.1(a), comment. (n.2).

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reasons. With no objection from counsel, the judge proceeded to pronounce the

sentence. It is clear from the record that the two sentencing pronouncements,

taken together, fully articulate the reasons for Mr. Verner’s sentencing. The

complete record satisfies the requirements of section 3553(c), and we find no

error.

         For the foregoing reasons, we AFFIRM.

                                              SUBMITTED FOR THE COURT

                                              Stephanie K. Seymour
                                              Chief Judge

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