Court Opinion

ID: 4127530
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-02-18 00:29:29.815236+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:31:20.545489
License: Public Domain

OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL

                                      State of California

                                     JOHN K. VAN DE KAMP

                                        Attorney General

                          ______________________________________

                  OPINION            :
                                     :          No. 89-1104
                  of                 :
                                     :          May 8, 1990
       JOHN K. VAN DE KAMP           :
           Attorney General          :
                                     :
         CLAYTON P. ROCHE            :
        Deputy Attorney General      :
                                     :
______________________________________________________________________________

           THE HONORABLE CHARLES R. MACK, COUNTY COUNSEL, YOLO
COUNTY, has requested an opinion on the following question:

                When a county probation department or social services department pursuant to
juvenile court authorization places a "dependent child" of the court in a licensed children's institution
in another county, and the child is eligible for special education and related mental health services,
which public agency is responsible for the costs of providing related mental health services to the
child.

                                           CONCLUSION

                When a county probation department or social services department pursuant to
juvenile court authorization places a "dependent child" of the court in a licensed children's institution
in another county, and the child is eligible for special education and related mental health services,
the county from which the child is placed is responsible for the costs of providing related mental
health services.

                                             ANALYSIS

                The Juvenile Court Law (Welf. & Inst. Code, § 300 et seq.) provides that any minor
who falls within any one of ten categories set forth in section 300 of the Welfare and Institutions
Code (e.g., an abused child or a child without any provision for support) may be declared a
"dependent child" of the court. Where the juvenile court orders that a "dependent child" shall be
removed from the custody of its parents, "the court shall order the care, custody, control and conduct
of the minor to be under the supervision of the probation officer who may place the minor. . . [in one
of a number of settings, including] (3) A suitable licensed community care facility."1 If there are

   1
    We note also that the duties of the probation officer with respect to dependent children of the
court may be delegated to the county welfare department. (Welf. & Inst. Code, § 272.) In our
request herein such department is the County Department of Social Services.

                                                   1.                                           89-1104

no appropriate placement facilities in the parents' or guardians' county, placement may be made in
another county with court authorization, preferably an adjacent county. (Welf. & Inst. Code, § 361.2,
subds. (c), (d).) It is such a "dependent child" of the court we consider herein who is placed in
another county and additionally qualifies for "special education" under state law.

               "Special education" for children with "exceptional needs" is provided for in section
56000 et seq. of the Education Code. Special education is defined in the Education Code as ". . .
specially designed instruction, at no cost to the parent, to meet the unique needs of individuals with
exceptional needs, whose educational needs cannot be met with modification of the regular
instruction program, and related services, at no cost to the parent, which may be needed to assist
such individuals to benefit from specially designed instruction. . . ." (Ed. Code, § 56031 emphasis
added.)2

               In this request for our opinion the focus is upon who pays the costs of related mental
health services?

                The "Joint Regulations For Handicapped Children" adopted to implement section
7570 et seq. of the Government Code, and found in section 60000 et seq. of Title 2 of the California
Code of Regulations, provide for such costs.3 Section 60200 provides that "related services" "are
to be provided at no cost to the parents" and that "[t]he local mental health program shall be
financially responsible for: (1) Provision of mental health services as recommended by a local
mental health program representative and included in the individualized educational program."
Section 60020, subdivision (d) defines "local mental health program" to mean "a county community
mental health program established in accordance with the Short-Doyle Act (Part 2 (commencing
with section 5600) of division 5 of the Welfare and Institutions Code) or the county welfare agency
when designated pursuant to 7572.5 of the Government Code." Accordingly, where mental health
services are provided as a related services, the county, not the school district, is responsible for such
costs. (See also, generally, Gov. Code, §§ 7573, 7576, 7581, 7560 et seq., Ed. Code, § 56159.)

  2
   The term "related services" is defined in subsection (17) of section 1401 of Title 20 of the United
States Code as:

                  "(17) The term 'related services' means transportation, and such
          developmental, corrective, and other supportive services (including speech pathology
          and audiology, psychological services, physical and occupational therapy, recreation,
          and medical and counseling services, (except that such medical services shall be for
          diagnostic and evaluation purposes only) as may be required to assist a handicapped
          child to benefit from special education, and includes the early identification and
          assessment of handicapping conditions in children." (Emphasis added.)

See also Government Code, section 7572 regarding assessment of the child's need for "related
services", including "psychotherapy and other mental health assessments."

         No issue is presented in this opinion as to the meaning or scope of "related services." For
the purposes of this opinion we assume that the mental health services to be provided are "related
services" as contemplated by federal and state law with regard to "special education" for
handicapped children.
      3
     Section 7570 et seq. of the Government Code set forth the interagency responsibilities for
providing services to handicapped children, making it the joint responsibility of the Superintendent
of Public Instruction and the Secretary of Health and Welfare.

                                                   2.                                          89-1104

               In the context of the foregoing special education and related services laws and the
Juvenile Court Law we are asked which public agency is responsible for providing the costs of
mental health services, a "related service," where (1) the probation department or social services
department of one county pursuant to juvenile court authorization places a "dependent child" of the
court (see Welf. & Inst. Code, § 300 et seq.) in a licensed children's institution (LCI) in another
county and (2) the child is eligible for both "special education" and related mental health services?

                If the "dependent child" were placed in an "LCI" in the county where the juvenile
court is located, under the regulations discussed above that county would be financially responsible
for the provision of mental health services through its Short-Doyle program. The facts presented
herein require us to determine if there is a different result concerning financial responsibility where
there is an out-of-county placement.

                 We conclude that where there is an out-of-county placement, the county from which
the child is placed will still be responsible for the costs of such mental health services. We believe
this to be clear from 1) section 7581 of the Government Code, a provision in the chapter which
governs interagency responsibilities for providing services to handicapped children just discussed
and 2) section 56159 of the Education Code, a provision of the special education laws contained in
an article specifically directed "to individuals with exceptional needs placed in a licensed children's
institution or foster family home by a court, regional center for the developmentally disabled, or
public agency, other than an educational agency." (Ed. Code, § 56155).

               Section 7581 of the Government Code provides:

               "The residential and noneducational costs of a child placed in a medical or
       residential facility by a public agency, other than a local education agency, or
       independently placed in a facility by the parent of the child, shall not be the
       responsibility of the state or local education agency, but shall be the responsibility
       of the placing agency or parent." (Emphasis added.)

               Section 56159 of the Education Code provides:

               "If a district, special education local plan area, or county office does not make
       the placement decision of an individual with exceptional needs in a licensed
       children's institution or in a foster family home, the court, regional center for the
       developmentally disabled, or public agency, excluding an education agency, placing
       the individual in the institution, shall be responsible for the residential costs and the
       cost of noneducation services of the individual." (Emphasis added.)

Under these sections, the county in which the juvenile court having jurisdiction of the "dependent
child" is located would be the placing "public agency". This follows from the fact that it is the
probation department or welfare or social services department of that county which does the actual
placing of the child in an "LCI" pursuant to that court's authorization.

                That the county placing the dependent child in an "LCI" in another county should
bear the costs of "IEP" related mental health services is also supported by analogous case law. With
respect to the parallel provisions of the Welfare and Institutions Code relating to Juvenile Court
wardship proceedings, the court in In re Ramona S. (1976) 64 Cal. App. 3d 945, 952 held:

               "Of course, it is proper for the juvenile court of one county to 'place' a minor
       ward of the court in another county when such placement is found to be in the best
       interest of the minor. (See Welf. & Inst. Code, § 755.) But it is patently contrary to

                                                  3.                                           89-1104

       sound policy and the relevant statutes to permit one county to shift the administrative
       and financial burden of a juvenile court wardship to another county, at a time when
       the minor's residence remains in the former county according to either of the criteria
       of Welfare and Institutions Code section 17.1."

                By a parity of reasoning we believe that it would be "patently contrary to sound
policy and the relevant statutes [Gov. Code, § 7581, supra and Ed. Code, § 56159, supra] to permit
one county to shift the administrative and financial burden of a juvenile court . . . ["dependent
child"] proceeding to another county," including the "IEP" related mental health services costs
which would otherwise be borne by the placing county.

                We therefore conclude that when the probation department or social services
department of one county, with juvenile court approval, places a dependent child in a licensed
children's institution in another county, and the child is eligible for special education and related
mental health services, the placing county is responsible for the costs of providing the related mental
health services.

                                              *****

                                                  4.                                          89-1104