Court Opinion

ID: 4280176
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-05-31 20:00:33.277743+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:34:44.846875
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION

                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                            FILED
                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
                                                                            MAY 31 2018
                                                                         MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                          U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
KEITH PRESTON NANCE,                             No.   16-15058

              Plaintiff-Appellant,               D.C. No. 2:12-cv-00734-SMM

 v.
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
ALLEN MISER, Chaplain, Rynning Unit
at ADOC; MIKE LINDERMAN, Pastoral
Administrator; ROBERT PATTON,
Deputy Director of Offender Operations at
ADOC; JAMES T. VICKLUND,
Chaplain,

              Defendants-Appellees.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                             for the District of Arizona
                  Stephen M. McNamee, District Judge, Presiding

                      Argued and Submitted January 11, 2018
                            San Francisco, California

Before: WALLACE, RAWLINSON, and WATFORD, Circuit Judges.

      Arizona state prisoner Keith Nance (Nance) appeals the district court’s

partial summary judgment in favor of Defendants and sua sponte dismissal with

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
prejudice of Nance’s civil rights action alleging that Defendants denied him a Halal

diet and shaving waiver.

      1. The district court abused its discretion in sua sponte dismissing Nance’s

case. The district court did not adequately warn Nance that his failure to obey the

court order regarding the seating arrangement for the status conference could result

in case terminating sanctions. See In re Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Prods. Liab.

Litig., 460 F.3d 1217, 1229 (9th Cir. 2006) (discussing failure to warn as an abuse

of discretion, especially when the dismissal is sua sponte). In addition, less drastic

alternatives were available, such as the issuance of an order to show cause to

Nance. See id.; see also Dreith v. Nu Image, Inc., 648 F.3d 779, 788 (9th Cir.

2011) (“[D]ismissal is a harsh penalty imposed only in extreme circumstances. . .

.”) (citation omitted). Nance is now, however, on notice that any future infraction

may warrant maximum consequences from the district court, including the

dismissal of his case with prejudice. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(f) (authorizing

sanctions); see also Chambers v. NASCO, Inc., 501 U.S. 32, 44-45 (1991)

(explaining the inherent power of the court to sanction, including dismissal).

      2. We review partial summary judgment in favor of Defendants on Nance’s

Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act, First Amendment, and equal

protection claims for the denial of a halal diet with meat de novo, see Sharp v.

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County of Orange, 871 F.3d 901, 909 (9th Cir. 2017), and we reverse. The district

court improperly granted partial summary judgment on these claims based on cost

evidence that had not previously been disclosed to Nance, and that Nance did not

have adequate opportunity to challenge. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(c)(1).

Accordingly, the district court’s partial summary judgment in favor of Defendants

on these claims is reversed because their liability is dependent on the cost

evidence.

      3. The district court properly granted summary judgment in favor of

Defendants James Vicklund (Vicklund), Mike Linderman (Linderman), and Robert

Patton (Patton) on Nance’s First Amendment claim for damages because Nance

failed to raise a material issue of fact regarding their personal involvement in the

denial of Nance’s shaving waiver. See Maxwell v. County of San Diego, 708 F.3d
1075, 1097 (9th Cir. 2013) (holding that a government official may be held liable

in § 1983 actions “only for the official’s own conduct”) (citation omitted).

However, because we reverse the partial summary judgment on Nance’s religious

diet claims, we reinstate Vicklund, Linderman, and Patton into this action.

      AFFIRMED IN PART, REVERSED AND REMANDED IN PART for

further proceedings consistent with this disposition.

      Costs are awarded to Plaintiff Keith Nance.

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