Court Opinion

ID: 7365500
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-07-27 23:51:13.200093+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:20:44.943283
License: Public Domain

SAYRE, J.
The. point taken against the constitutionality of the statute has been decided adversely to the appellant.—Christian v. State, Infra, 52, 54 South. 1001.
The indictment found in the record purports to have beep presented in the circuit court of Covington county on May 27, 1910. By plea in abatement, and-by motion to strike the cause from the docket, the defendant took the point that no certified copy of the record of the proceedings had in said cause in the circuit court had been filed in the city court. The act creating the city court of Andalusia (Loc. Acts 1907, p. 330 et seq.) provides, among other things, that: “At the next regular term of the circuit court for said county, and on the first day thereof, it shall be the duty of the presiding judge thereof to make and enter upon the minutes of said court an order directing the clerk of such court to deliver to the judge of the city court all indictments in misdemeanor cases then pending and undetermined in said court, and said order shall provide for the delivery of all other indictments in misdemeanor cases which may hereafter be found by any grand jury of said court, or that may be pending therein, -together with all the papers, data, and a copy of the records of such indictments and the minute entries therein, and upon such delivery the jurisdiction of the circuit court shall cease, and the *59said-city court be empowered to try all such cause's as if the same had originated -in said city court,” etc. .The caption-.is an essential part of. an-.indictment, and. is that entry of record-showing when and where the. court is-held, who presided as judge, the venire, an.d..wko were summoned and sworn as grand jurors.—Goodloe v. State, 60 Ala. 93. Now that the question has been .raised in-a way requiring review, we will state, our judgment as to the proper and necessary procedure in cases transferred under the act from the circuit court of Covington to the city court- of Andalusia. ■ The city, court of Andalusia is of statutory creation and limited jurisdiction. IJpon well-recognized principle, its jurisdiction to try indictments returned into the circuit court cannot be called into exercise except in- the manner prescribed by the law of its-creation.—Wiley v. State, 117 Ala. 158, 23 South. 690. The statute might have provided^ no doubt, that upon the return of an indictment for a misdemeanor into the circuit, court the jurisdiction -of the city court to try should thereupon, and without more, attach. -But it did not so provide. It requires that an order for transfer be made in the circuit court, that the clerk of that court shall do certain acts in compliance with the order, and that thereupon the jurisdiction of the circuit court shall cease, and the city court be empowered to try all such cases as if the same had originated in the said city court. It was considered important that the. record of the city court should show a complete and unbroken history of every conviction there had on indictment preferred in the circuit court, and it was intended that, when a defendant is arraigned upon such indictment in the city court, there should, be before that court and the defendant a complete record of the proceedings which resulted *60in the indictment, in' order that- it might be known' by an inspection of the record that the defendant is'charged upon a valid indictment. The' advantages of this procedure the statute preserves by requiring, among other things, that a copy of' the record of the circuit court, showing the organization of the terin at which, and of the grand jury by which, the indictment is found, shall be delivered to the judge of the city court, and in terms makes the jurisdiction of the city court depend upon compliance.' The statute does' not require that the copy should be certified, but contemplates that copies as well as original papers concérning the prosecution may be sufficiently authenticated by meré delivery to the judge of the city court. The copy of the record of the circuit court' showing the organization of the term and of the grand jury will constituté the caption of all indictments found and transferred at the term, and should be filed and spread upon the record of the city court whence it may be certified by the clerk of the city court to this court in any case in which some question concerning the organization of the grand jury is raised before the trial court. As for the order of transfer which the statute provided should be made in the circuit court at the first term after the passage of the act creating the city' court, such order, once made, suffices for all future cases, and need not be repeated. When the clerk of the circuit court delivers indictments, papers, and copies of the record to the judge of the city court, it will be .presumed always, in the absence of proof to the contrary, that an order directing the transfer of all indictments has been made as required by law, and that the clerk acts in obedience to such order.
The transcript of the record certified in this case contains what purports to be a copy of the organization of *61the term of the circuit court at which, and of the grand jury by which, the indictment was preferred against the defendant. But the certificate authenticates the record of the city court as it was on the 12th day of January, 1911. The trial was had on September 1, 1910. The bill of exceptions shows that at the hearing of defendant’s motion, made before plea, the clerk of the city court testified that no copy of the record of the circuit court had at the time been made and filed in the city court. As to the time when the copy of the circuit court record was filed in the city court, there is no conflict between the bill of exceptions and the record proper of the city court. Both must, therefore, be taken as true. So taken, it appears upon the record here, that the statute, upon compliance with the terms of which the jurisdiction of the city court depended, had not been observed. Defendant’s motion was well taken, and for error in ruling otherwise the judgment of conviction must be reversed. The defendant will be held to answer the indictment when a copy of the organization of the term of the .circuit court and of the grand jury shall have been lodged in the city court as the statute provides. We infer that this has been done since the trial of this case. If so, the case will -be ready for trial upon its return to the city court.
Reversed and remanded.
. Dowdell, O, J. and Anderson and Somerville, JJ., concur.