Court Opinion

ID: 9572463
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-21 20:41:54.088592+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:33:02.560099
License: Public Domain

McDonald, J.
Pursuant to a plea agreement, *125defendant pleaded guilty of one count of delivery of less than fifty grams of cocaine, MCL 333.7401(2)(a)(iv); MSA 14.15(7401)(2)(a)(iv), and one count of possession with intent to deliver less than fifty grams of cocaine, MCL 333.7401(1); MSA 14.15(7401)(1). As part of the agreement, defendant reserved the right to appeal from the trial court’s denial of his motion to quash the information on grounds of entrapment. We affirm.
Our review of the record reveals no clear error in the trial court’s denial of defendant’s motion whether reviewed pursuant to the test for entrapment applicable at the time the trial court rendered its decision, see People v Turner, 390 Mich 7; 210 NW2d 336 (1973), or the recent variation of the objective test announced by the Supreme Court in People v Juillet, 439 Mich 34; 475 NW2d 786 (1991). See People v Fabiano, 192 Mich App 523; 482 NW2d 467 (1992).
The police did not initiate contact with the informant. After a souring of the relationship between the informant and defendant, the informant contacted the police and provided them with the information that defendant was involved in drug trafficking. There is no dispute that the informant subsequently made several controlled purchases of drugs from defendant. However, beyond this point, the record reveals two vastly divergent stories. One portrays defendant as a cautious but ready supplier of cocaine while the other portrays defendant as a targeted bystander badgered and cajoled into providing the drugs to the informant. Our colleague in her dissent has chosen to accept the latter version whereas the trial court, being in the best position to judge credibility, chose the former. We will not substitute our judgment for that of the trial court.
Additionally, we feel compelled to address the *126dissent’s suggestion that the informant had a monetary interest in the outcome of the case. Specifically, the dissent suggests the police and the informant had an "agreement” that the informant would receive the last installment of his payment only upon defendant’s ultimate conviction. Had the trial court found that such an "agreement” existed, we would agree with the dissent and find defendant was improperly entrapped. However, no such finding was made. In fact, this issue was not raised in the trial court or raised directly on appeal. Because the issue was not raised in the trial court, the record does not adequately address the question. When testifying regarding his agreement with the police, the informant used the term "conviction” when referring to the completion of the proceedings and the receipt of the last payment. However, the police officer, when questioned about the agreement, referred to the informant’s last payment being due upon the "completion” of the proceedings. Once again, because the issue was not raised in the trial court no further inquiry into the apparent discrepancy was made. We will not act the part of a trial court and make findings of fact using an incomplete record. A party waives review of issues not decided by the trial court. Chilingirian v Fraser, 194 Mich App 65; 486 NW2d 347 (1992); In re Forfeiture of Suitcases, 193 Mich App 132; 483 NW2d 650 (1992).
Affirmed.
Weaver, J., concurred.