Court Opinion

ID: 4076206
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-09-30 07:11:29.081734+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:32:58.042630
License: Public Domain

ACCEPTED
                                                                   03-15-00317-CV
                                                                           8311981
                                                        THIRD COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                   AUSTIN, TEXAS
                                                             12/18/2015 4:51:31 PM
                                                                 JEFFREY D. KYLE
                                                                            CLERK
TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

                ____________________              FILED IN
                                           3rd COURT OF APPEALS
                 NO. 03-15-00317-CV             AUSTIN, TEXAS
              ________________________     12/18/2015 4:51:31 PM
                                               JEFFREY D. KYLE
                                                    Clerk

                 TERRY RANDALL
                    Appellant

                         v.

 HERBERT WALKER D/B/A, WALKER WATER WELLS AND
       WALKER WATER WELL SERVICES, LLC
                    Appellees

                ___________________
                   Appellees’ Brief
                ___________________

                                 Alex Metcalf
                                 807 Pecan Street
                                 Bastrop, TX 78602
                                 512-303-6963 (phone)
                                 512-303-6766 (fax)
                                 rule21a@lostpineslawyer.com
                                 State Bar No. 24058000
                                 Attorney for Appellees
                                            TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Table of Authorities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Statement of the Case. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Issue Presented. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Statement of Facts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Summary of the Argument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Argument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

         Issue #1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

         Texas law allows a trial court to disregard a jury’s findings. After a trial
         during which the plaintiff affirmatively testified that he did not have a
         meeting of the minds with the defendant on the essential terms of a
         contract, the Court granted a motion for judgment notwithstanding the
         verdict. Can the judgment of the trial court can be upheld on any of the
         grounds asserted in the defendant’s motion?

Prayer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Certificate of Service.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Certificate of Compliance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

                                                                                                                               ii
                                        TABLE OF AUTHORITIES

Arthur Anderson & Co. v. Perry Equip. Corp., 945 S.W.2d 812 (Tex. 1997). . . . . 7

Baylor Univ. v. Sonnichsen, 221 S.W.3d 632 (Tex.2007). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Bickle v. City of Panhandle, 43 S.W.2d 640 (Tex.Civ.App.
Amarillo 1931, writ ref'd). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

David J. Sacks, P.C. v. Haden, 266 S.W.3d 447 (Tex.2008). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Engelman Irrigation Dist. v. Shields Bros., 960 S.W.2d 343
(Tex.App.–Corpus Christi 1997).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Fort Bend Cnty. Drainage Dist. v. Sbrusch, 818 S.W.2d 392
(Tex. 1991). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Gasmark, Ltd. v. Kimball Energy Corp., 868 S.W.2d 925
(Tex.App.–Fort Worth 1994, no writ).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Great Am. Ins. v. North Austin MUD, 908 S.W.2d 415 (Tex. 1995). . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Gulf Coast Farmers Coop. v. Valley Co-Op Oil Mill, 572 S.W.2d 726
(Tex.Civ.App. – Corpus Christi 1978, no writ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Hodges v. Rajpal, 459 S.W.3d 237 (Tex. App.-Dallas 2015, no pet.). . . . . . . . . . . 8

Monk v. Dallas Brake & Clutch Serv. Co., 697 S.W.2d 780
(Tex. App.-Dallas, 1985, writ ref'd n.r.e.).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Shin-Con Dev. Corp. v. I.P. Invs., 270 S.W.3d 759
(Tex.App. – Dallas 2008, pet. denied). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

T.O. Stanley Boot Co. v. Bank of El Paso, 847 S.W.2d 218 (Tex. 1992).. . . . . . . . 6

Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Co. v. Martinez, 977 S.W.2d 328 (Tex. 1998). . . . . . . . . 3

                                                                                                                         iii
                             STATEMENT OF THE CASE

         Pursuant to Rule 38.2(a)(1)(B), Appellee elects not to include a new Statement

of the Case, and hereby adopts the Statement of the Case contained in Appellant’s

brief.

                                  ISSUE PRESENTED

I.       Issue Number One:

         Texas law allows a trial court to disregard a jury’s findings. After a trial
         during which the plaintiff affirmatively testified that he did not have a meeting
         of the minds with the defendant on the essential terms of a contract, the Court
         granted a motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict. Can the judgment
         of the trial court can be upheld on any of the grounds asserted in the
         defendant’s motion?
                               STATEMENT OF FACTS

         Pursuant to Rule 38.2(a)(1)(B), Appellee elects not to include an entirely new

Statement of Facts. To the extent that the facts cited in Appellant’s brief require

supplementation, Appellee has included those facts, along with citations to the record,

in the Argument section of his brief.

                          SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT

         The trial court did not err when it granted Appellee’s motion for JNOV. The

evidence was legally insufficient to support the jury’s answers. Additionally, facts

contrary to the jury’s answers were established as a matter of law. Since the trial

court granted the motion without specifying the grounds it relied upon, the Appellant

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has the burden of disproving every grounds raised in Appellee’s motion. Appellant

has not carried this high burden.

                                     ARGUMENT

       Texas law allows a trial court to disregard a jury’s findings. After a trial during
which the plaintiff affirmatively testified that he did not have a meeting of the minds
with the defendant on the essential terms of a contract, the Court granted a motion for
judgment notwithstanding the verdict. Can the judgment of the trial court can be
upheld on any of the grounds asserted in the defendant’s motion?

I.    Procedural Background

      Following a jury verdict, Appellee filed a Motion for Judgment Non Obstante

Veredicto. CR 709-711. Appellee’s Motion set out numerous grounds for the Court

to disregard the jury’s findings. Not only did Appellee’s motion challenge the

sufficiency of the evidence supporting each of the four questions, the motion also

averred that contrary facts were conclusively established as to each of the first two

questions. Id at 710. After holding a hearing on Appellee’s motion, the Court

ordered the parties to brief one of the many issues presented: was there legally

sufficient evidence of the formation of an enforceable agreement. Appellee filed a

brief addressing that issue as ordered. CR 724-726. The Court then signed a

judgment which grants Appellee’s motion, but does not specify the grounds upon

which it relied. CR 739.

                                                                                        2
II.    Relevant Law and Standard of Review

       Since the trial court granted Appellee’s motion for JNOV, but did not state the

ground relied upon, Appellant has the burden of showing that the judgment cannot

be sustained on any of the grounds stated in the motion. Fort Bend Cnty. Drainage

Dist. v. Sbrusch, 818 S.W.2d 392, 394 (Tex. 1991). This Court must uphold the trial

court’s judgment if: the record discloses a complete absence of evidence of any vital

fact; the court is barred by rules of law or evidence from giving weight to the only

evidence offered to prove any vital fact; the only evidence offered to prove any vital

fact is no more than a mere scintilla; or the evidence establishes conclusively the

opposite of any vital fact. Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Co. v. Martinez, 977 S.W.2d 328,

334 (Tex. 1998).

III.   Appellant has not carried his burden of establishing that the judgment cannot
       be sustained on any of the grounds stated in the motion.

       The motion for JNOV on which the trial court granted judgment contained

numerous grounds. As to each of the four jury questions, the motion challenged the

sufficiency of the evidence to support the answer. CR 709-710. The motion also

asserted that the evidence conclusively established the opposite of essential elements

to the jury’s answers to questions 1 and two. Id at 710. Appellant picks and chooses

which of these grounds to attack in his brief, but fails to carry his burden of negating

                                                                                      3
every element contained in the motion.

      A.     Appellant has not shown sufficient evidence in the record of each
             essential element of the jury’s findings.

      The motion for JNOV challenged the sufficiency of the evidence to support the

answers to questions 1, 2, 3, and 4. CR 709-710. Since the motion was granted, the

burden is on Appellant to show that there is legally sufficient evidence as to every

essential element supporting the jury’s findings on each question. Monk v. Dallas

Brake & Clutch Serv. Co., 697 S.W.2d 780, 783–84 (Tex. App.-Dallas, 1985, writ

ref'd n.r.e.). This the Appellant has not done.

             1.    Appellant has not shown sufficient evidence of each essential
                   element of Question 1.

      The first question of the jury charge asked about the formation of a legally

enforceable contract. The Texas Supreme Court has held that proof of a valid,

enforceable contract requires proof of the following 5 elements: an offer; an

acceptance; mutual assent; execution and delivery of the contract with the intent that

it be mutual and binding; and consideration supporting the contract. Baylor Univ. v.

Sonnichsen, 221 S.W.3d 632, 635 (Tex.2007). In order to succeed in this Court, the

Appellant’s brief must cite to legally sufficient evidence of each of these elements.

                                                                                     4
                   a.     Offer

       To create a valid, enforceable contract, the terms of any offer must be "clear

and definite." Engelman Irrigation Dist. v. Shields Bros., 960 S.W.2d 343, 352

(Tex.App.–Corpus Christi 1997). Additionally, all of the essential terms of the offer

must be communicated to the offeree. Id. Appellant attempts to characterize his own

testimony as evidence of a clear and definite offer. As the Record makes clear, this

is far from the truth. Appellant’s testimony was actually quite convoluted on the

terms that were offered, and on whether or not these terms were communicated to

Appellee. For instance, Appellant describes a process that started a week or more

before the Appellee or anyone associated with him started doing any work for the

Appellant and continued until sometime during or after the work was performed.

During that process, the terms of the "offer" apparently changed repeatedly regarding

the depth to which the wells would be drilled, who would do the drilling, who would

be paid for the work, and how payment would be achieved.

                   b.     Acceptance

      Much as the offer must be clear and definite and communicated to the offeree,

an acceptance must be equally clear and definite. Gulf Coast Farmers Coop. v.

Valley Co-Op Oil Mill, 572 S.W.2d 726, 737 (Tex.Civ.App. – Corpus Christi 1978,

no writ). Additionally, to create a valid, enforceable contract, the acceptance must

                                                                                    5
be identical to the offer. Gasmark, Ltd. v. Kimball Energy Corp., 868 S.W.2d 925,

928 (Tex.App.–Fort Worth 1994, no writ). Appellant has offered no evidence that

Appellee ever accepted an clear and definite offer.

                   c.     Mutual Assent

      It is a fundamental principal of contract law that, to form a binding contract,

the parties must have a "meeting of the minds" on the essential terms of the contract.

David J. Sacks, P.C. v. Haden, 266 S.W.3d 447, 450 (Tex.2008). In other words, the

essential terms of the contract must be agreed on before a court can enforce the

contract. T.O. Stanley Boot Co. v. Bank of El Paso, 847 S.W.2d 218, 221 (Tex.

1992). In this case, not only did Appellant fail to provide sufficient evidence of

mutual assent, Appellant actually testified that he and Appellee "weren't on the same

page" about the terms of any agreement. III RR 122:13-25.

      Since Appellant has failed to provide sufficient evidence of each essential

element supporting the jury’s answer to Question 1, the judgment of the trial court

must be upheld.

             2.    Appellant has not shown sufficient evidence of each essential
                   element of Question 3.

      Appellant has also failed to provide sufficient evidence supporting the jury’s

answer to the damages question. In response to Question 3, the jury found damages

                                                                                    6
of $42,500. Appellee’s motion for JNOV challenged the sufficiency of the evidence

to support this number. Appellant has not met his burden of showing legally

sufficient evidence which would allow the jury to arrive at this amount.

             3.    Appellant has not shown sufficient evidence of each essential
                   element of Question 4.

      Finally, Appellant has failed to show sufficient evidence supporting the award

of attorney’s fees in this case. The essential elements required to support the jury’s

answer to Question 4 include, among others, that Appellant presented his claim to

Appellee, and that the fees were reasonable. Great Am. Ins. v. North Austin MUD,

908 S.W.2d 415, 427 (Tex. 1995).         Specifically, since Appellant’s claim for

attorney’s fees arises under chapter 38 of the Civil Practice and Remedies Code,

Appellant had the burden of proving that it presented its claim for payment to

Appellee. Shin-Con Dev. Corp. v. I.P. Invs., 270 S.W.3d 759,768 (Tex.App. – Dallas

2008, pet. denied). Appellant was also required to present legally sufficient evidence

of the reasonableness of the attorney’s fees based upon the Arthur Anderson factors.

Arthur Anderson & Co. v. Perry Equip. Corp., 945 S.W.2d 812, 818 (Tex. 1997).

                                                                                    7
      B.     Appellant has not shown that the evidence does not conclusively
             establish the opposite of each essential element of the jury’s findings.

      Appellee’s motion also asserted as grounds for JNOV that a fact contrary to an

essential element supporting the jury’s findings on Questions 1 and 2 was

conclusively established. CR 710. The Appellant must also therefore show that the

evidence does not conclusively establish the opposite of each element of those

findings. Hodges v. Rajpal, 459 S.W.3d 237, 243 (Tex. App.-Dallas 2015, no pet.).

This the Appellant has not done.

                                     PRAYER

      In light of the foregoing, Appellee respectfully prays the Court to affirm the

trial court's judgment.

                                                    Respectfully submitted,

                                                    Alex Metcalf
                                                    807 Pecan Street
                                                    Bastrop, Texas 78602
                                                    Tel: (512) 303-6963
                                                    Fax: (512) 303-6766
                                                    rule21a@lostpineslawyer.com

                                             By:     /s/ Alex Metcalf
                                                    Alex Metcalf
                                                    State Bar No. 24058000
                                                    Attorney for Appellees

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                                Certificate of Service

       I certify that a true copy of this Appellee’s Brief was served in accordance with
rule 9.5 of the Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure on each party or that party's lead
counsel as follows:

Party:                 Terry Randall
Lead attorney:         S. Cory Sells
Address:               1111 North Loop West, Suite 702, Houston, Texas 77008
Method of service:     By fax
Date of service:       December 18, 2015

                                               By:    /s/ Alex Metcalf
                                               Alex Metcalf
                                               State Bar No. 24058000
                                               Attorney for Appellees

                             Certificate of Compliance

      I certify that this computer-generated document contains 1,533 words, as
reported by the computer program used to prepare the document.

                                                  By:     /s/ Alex Metcalf
                                                         Alex Metcalf
                                                         State Bar No. 24058000
                                                         Attorney for Appellee

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