Court Opinion

ID: 9460991
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-04 22:03:45.672907+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:36:50.989718
License: Public Domain

HUFSTEDLER, Circuit Judge
(concurring specially):
I concur under the compulsion of United States v. Bugarin-Casas (9th Cir. 1973), 484 F.2d 853 and its progeny.
I am unable to reconcile the rationale of Almeida-Sanchez v. United States (1973) 413 U.S. 266, 93 S.Ct. 2535, 37 L.Ed.2d 596, forbidding border agents on roving patrol to stop and search vehicles *562without probable cause (see United States v. Brignoni-Ponce (9th Cir. en banc 1974) 499 F.2d 1109), with the Bugarin-Casas line of cases permitting roving border patrol agents to stop vehicles under circumstances short of probable cause.