Court Opinion

ID: 1070138
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-10-09 19:37:11.532801+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:53:42.540391
License: Public Domain

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Coleman, Elder and Annunziata
Argued at Richmond, Virginia

BRANDON LEE SHIFFLETT
                                           MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY
v.   Record No. 2702-99-2                   JUDGE LARRY G. ELDER
                                              DECEMBER 28, 2000
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

            FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ALBEMARLE COUNTY
                   Paul M. Peatross, Jr., Judge

          Llezelle A. Dugger, Assistant Public Defender
          (Office of the Public Defender, on brief),
          for appellant.

          Thomas D. Bagwell, Senior Assistant Attorney
          General (Mark L. Earley, Attorney General, on
          brief), for appellee.

     Brandon Lee Shifflett (appellant), indicted for attempted

statutory burglary with intent to commit assault and battery in

violation of Code §§ 18.2-26 and 18.2-91, appeals from his

conviction for trespass in violation of Code § 18.2-119.     On

appeal, he contends the evidence was insufficient to support the

trespass conviction.    The resolution of this case is governed by

our recent decision in Lowe v. Commonwealth, 33 Va. App. 583,

592, 535 S.E.2d 689, 693 (2000), in which we held that trespass

in violation of Code § 18.2-119 is not a lesser-included offense

of Code § 18.2-91 and that a trial court lacks the authority to

     * Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not
designated for publication.
convict for trespass under an indictment charging breaking and

entering even if the accused fails to object.    Thus, we reverse

and dismiss appellant's trespass conviction.

     "'The lack of authority of the trial court to render the

judgment that it did may be raised at any time by this Court on

its own motion.'"    Lowe, 33 Va. App. at 589, 535 S.E.2d at 692

(quoting Fontaine v. Commonwealth, 25 Va. App. 156, 165, 487

S.E.2d 241, 244 (1997) (noting such lack of authority is an

absence of jurisdiction)).

          "The fact that the defendant did not object
          to . . . the conviction on the ground that
          he was convicted for an offense with which
          he was not charged is of no moment. Unless
          an indictment is amended to conform to the
          proof or an accused acquiesces in being
          found guilty of an offense other than the
          one charged, a trial court lacks the
          authority to find an accused guilty of an
          offense other than the one charged or a
          lesser included offense."

Id. at 589, 535 S.E.2d at 691-92 (quoting Fontaine, 25 Va. App.

at 165, 487 S.E.2d at 244).   Further, "[a]cquiescence requires

something more than a mere failure to object."    Id. at 589, 535

S.E.2d at 692.   Where a defendant is convicted of the charged

felony and "implore[s]" the court to set aside the felony

conviction and find him guilty instead of a misdemeanor not

lesser-included in the charged felony, the defendant may not be

heard to object.    Manns v. Commonwealth, 13 Va. App. 677, 679,

414 S.E.2d 613, 614-15 (1992).    Such an action constitutes, in

essence, the defendant's request to the trial court to amend the

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indictment, thereby permitting conviction for the unrelated

misdemeanor.   However, a mere statement to the judge seeking to

clarify that one's ultimate conviction was for a misdemeanor

rather than the felony for which he was indicted does not

constitute acquiescence.    See Fontaine, 25 Va. App. at 165, 487

S.E.2d at 244.

     Here, appellant's counsel argued the evidence was

insufficient to prove either an attempt to break and enter or an

intent to commit an assault and battery.   The trial court then

asked counsel whether it could convict appellant of trespassing,

and counsel argued the evidence was insufficient to prove the

elements of that offense.   No discussion occurred regarding

whether trespass in violation of Code § 18.2-119 was a

lesser-included offense of attempted breaking and entering in

violation of Code § 18.2-91, and thus, appellant did not

acquiesce in being convicted for trespass.

     The trial court lacked the authority to convict appellant

of trespass, see Lowe, 33 Va. App. at 592, 535 S.E.2d at 693,

and we reverse and dismiss appellant's conviction.

                                             Reversed and dismissed.

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