Court Opinion

ID: 6326817
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-03-25 13:12:47.467686+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:22:17.382600
License: Public Domain

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Essix Holdings, LLC,                           :
                              Petitioner       :
                                               :
           v.                                  :    No. 683 C.D. 2021
                                               :    Submitted: January 21, 2022
Michael Dengel                                 :
(Workers’ Compensation                         :
Appeal Board),                                 :
                              Respondent       :

BEFORE:         HONORABLE RENÉE COHN JUBELIRER, President Judge
                HONORABLE ELLEN CEISLER, Judge
                HONORABLE STACY WALLACE, Judge

OPINION NOT REPORTED

MEMORANDUM OPINION
BY JUDGE WALLACE                               FILED: March 25, 2022

      Essix Holdings, LLC (Employer), petitions for review of an order of the
Workers’ Compensation Appeal Board (Board), which affirmed the decision of the
Workers’ Compensation Judge (WCJ) granting Michael Dengel’s (Claimant)
Petition for Penalties (Penalty Petition). Employer contends that the WCJ and the
Board erred, as Employer was permitted under the Pennsylvania Workers’
Compensation Act (Act)1 to withhold payment to Claimant due to Claimant’s failure
to complete a required wage and benefit reporting form (LIBC-760). For the
following reasons, we affirm.

      1
          Act of June 2, 1915, P.L. 736, as amended, 77 P.S. §§ 1-1041.4; 2501-2710.
                                  I.     Background
      On January 30, 2018, Claimant filed a Claim Petition for workers’
compensation benefits against Employer, alleging that he sustained a work-related
injury on June 6, 2017, while lifting heavy drums. Reproduced Record (R.R.) at 5.
Specifically, Claimant set forth that his injuries included a cervical disc herniation
at “C6-7 status post anterior cervical disc fusion C5-6 and C6-7,” a partial thickness
tear of the right supraspinatus muscle with adhesive capsulitis, severe aggravation
of degenerative disc disease in the cervical spine, and right-sided cervical
radiculopathy. Id. Claimant sought total disability benefits as of January 29, 2018,
and ongoing, along with medical benefits. Id.
      On October 18, 2018, WCJ Stephen Harlan entered an order adopting the
Stipulation to Resolve Claim & Penalty Provisions (Stipulation) agreed to by
Claimant and Employer. WCJ’s Order, October 18, 2018, at 4. Pursuant to the
Stipulation, Employer agreed to pay Claimant temporary total disability benefits
(TTDB) from January 1, 2018, to present, to pay for reasonable and necessary
medical treatment related to the work injuries, and to pay 20% of all past due and
future wage loss benefits to Claimant’s counsel. R.R. at 5-6.
      On January 24, 2019, Employer’s counsel contacted Claimant’s counsel’s
office via email and indicated that payments to Claimant were never paid by its
insurer, NorGuard Insurance Company (Insurer), because the LIBC-760 that was
sent to Claimant had not been completed and returned. R.R. at 23. The next day,
Claimant’s completed LIBC-760 form was returned to Employer’s counsel. Id. at
22.   On January 24, 2019, the same day that Employer’s counsel sent the email
notice of Insurer’s nonpayment, Claimant filed the Penalty Petition. Id. at 7.

                                          2
       At the Penalty petition hearings held in this matter, Employer’s evidence
included the Affidavit of John Kreuzer, Insurer’s claims adjuster (Adjuster) assigned
to Claimant’s case, the emails between Employer’s counsel and Claimant’s
counsel’s office regarding the claim (emails), and the completed LIBC-760 form.
Id. at 4.
       According to Adjuster, he received the WCJ’s order directing payment of
benefits in late October. R.R. at 20-21. However, prior to making payment, Adjuster
wanted to ascertain whether Claimant had any wages, earnings, or other benefits
after he had ceased working for Employer. R.R. at 20-21. Adjuster sent Claimant
the LIBC-760 and received the form back from Claimant’s counsel on January 25,
2019. Id. While the form had the incorrect date, Adjuster accepted the form after
being advised of the correct date by Claimant’s counsel’s Office. Id. Insurer paid
Claimant on March 6, 2019. Id.
       The WCJ concluded that while payments to Claimant were ordered by the
WCJ on October 18, 2018, they were not paid until March 6, 2019. Certified Record
(C.R.), Item No. 5, WCJ Decision, at 4. The WCJ rejected Employer’s argument
that it was permitted to withhold payment due to Claimant’s failure to complete the
LIBC-760 and reasoned that Claimant was not required to complete the LIBC-760
because he was seeking benefits rather than already receiving benefits. Id. at 4.
Employer appealed to the Board.
       The Board affirmed the order of the WCJ on alternate grounds. See C.R., Item
No. 10, Bd. Op., 6/2/21. The Board reasoned that even if Employer was correct that
it had the right to suspend payments to Claimant until the LIBC-760 was returned,
that in order to comply with the Act and lawfully suspend or withhold benefits,
Employer was required to comply with the corresponding regulation at 34 Pa. Code

                                         3
§ 123.502 and send Form LIBC-762 Notice of Suspension for Failure to Return
Form LIBC-760. Id. at 6-8.
      Employer now petitions this Court for review. Employer argues that the
Board erred in affirming the WCJ’s Penalty Petition order because failure to
complete the LIBC-760 is proper grounds for an employer to withhold payment of
benefits ordered by a WCJ, even without providing notice to the claimant. We
disagree.
                                    II.    Discussion
      Our standard of review of a Board order limits us to determining whether the
necessary findings of fact are supported by substantial evidence, whether an error of
law or a violation of Board procedure has occurred, or whether constitutional rights
were violated. Republic Steel Corp. v. Workmen’s Comp. Appeal Bd. (Petrisek), 640
A.2d 1266, 1268 (Pa. 1994). With respect to the interpretation of the Act, which is
a question of law, our standard of review is de novo and our scope of review is
plenary. Pitt Ohio Express v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Wolff), 912 A.2d 206,
207 (Pa. 2006).
      Section 435 of the Act, 77 P.S. § 991, added by the Act of February 8, 1972,
P.L. 25, establishes a penalty provision for, among other things, an employer’s
failure to make prompt payment of compensation. Graphic Packaging, Inc. v.
Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Zink), 929 A.2d 695, 699 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2007) (citing
Keystone Trucking Corp. v. Workmen’s Comp. Appeal Bd., 397 A.2d 1256 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 1979)). Under Section 435, a WCJ is authorized to impose penalties for
violations of the provisions of the Act or its associated regulations. 77 P.S. § 991(d).
The WCJ has sound discretion regarding the imposition of a penalty and the amount
of penalty. See Mclaughlin v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (St. Francis Country

                                           4
House), 808 A.2d 285, 288 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2002). We will not overturn such decisions
absent an abuse of discretion. Id.
      It is well settled under the law that an order to pay workers’ compensation
benefits takes immediate effect. Nat’l Fiberstock Corp. (Greater N.Y. Mut. Ins. Co.)
v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Grahl), 955 A.2d 1057, 1064 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2008);
see also City of Philadelphia v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Sherlock), 934 A.2d
156, 161 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2007). Therefore, where an employer is ordered to pay
workers’ compensation benefits, but refuses to do so, the employer is properly
subject to Section 435’s penalty provision. 77 P.S. § 991; See Robb, Leonard, &
Mulvihill v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Hooper), 746 A.2d 1175, 1182–83 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2000) (citing Gillis v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Willits Roofing, Inc.),
725 A.2d 257 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1999); Sheridan v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Anzon,
Inc.), 713 A.2d 182 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1998)). Not only is an employer subject to penalty
for refusal to pay, but that employer is immediately subject to such penalty. Snizaski
v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd. (Rox Coal Co.), 891 A.2d 1267 (Pa. 2006) (clarifying
that there is no grace period that exists before an employer is subject to penalty for
a refusal to make an awarded payment). An employer or insurer that refuses to make
payment is subject to penalty even where a refusal to pay “persist[s] for a single
day.” Id. at 1277.
      Here, there is no dispute that the WCJ’s order of October 18, 2018, directed
Employer to make payment to Claimant and that Employer did not make payment
until March 6, 2019. Employer asserts that it should not be subject to a penalty
because payment was withheld lawfully. However, an employer or insurer that is
obligated to pay benefits may only refuse to make such payments if specifically
authorized under the Act or by order of the WCJ. See Kuemmerle v. Workers’ Comp.

                                          5
Appeal Bd. (Acme Mkts., Inc.), 742 A.2d 229 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1999). Employer
specifically relies on Section 311.1(a) of the Act to support its position. See 77 P.S.
§ 631.1(a), added by the Act of June 24, 1996, P.L. 350.
      Upon request from an insurer, Section 311.1(a) requires an employee who is
seeking compensation under the Act to provide written answers about recent
employment. Id. Such information includes reporting any other employment,
wages, employer information, dates of employment, nature and scope of
employment, and other information which may be relevant to the determination of
compensation benefits. Id. The Act specifically directs that the insurer is permitted
to submit a verification form to the claimant and that the claimant is required to
cooperate with any investigation and to complete and submit the verification form.
Id. § 631.1(d). Failure of a claimant to return the completed verification within 30
days permits the insurer to suspend compensation until the completed verification
form is returned. Id. § 631.1(g).
      While Section 311.1 does, as Employer contends, permit an insurer to suspend
compensation where the claimant fails to return the completed LIBC-760 form
within 30 days, it does not permit an employer to withhold initial payment for 30
days before it commences ordered payments. It is not until the claimant fails to
return the completed verification form after the 30th day that the employer has the
right to suspend payment under Section 311.1(g). The Act does not provide that an
employer is permitted to withhold initial payment for the 30-day period while
ascertaining whether the employee will return the form. As our Supreme Court
clearly noted in Snizaski, there is no 30-day grace period that exists before an
employer is subject to penalty for refusal to make an ordered payment. See Snizaski,
891 A.2d at 1277.

                                          6
      Here, Adjuster indicates that it was after the WCJ’s October 2018 decision
that Insurer proceeded to determine the verification information in the LIBC-760.
R.R. at 20. In the days between the date of the order and the end of the 30-day period
for Claimant to complete and return the form, Employer was required under the Act
to make payment as ordered by the WCJ. Employer’s failure to make payment was
a violation of the Act. Because Employer violated the Act, the WCJ’s penalty
finding was appropriate.
      Moreover, as the Board appropriately noted, Employer failed to comply with
Section 311.1’s corresponding regulation at 34 Pa. Code § 123.502 before it
suspended, or rather, withheld Claimant’s payment. Section 123.502 outlines the
following:

      (a) Insurers may submit Form LIBC-760, “Employee Verification of
      Employment, Self-employment or Change in Physical Condition,” to
      the employe and employe’s counsel, if known, to verify, no more than
      once every 6 months, that the status of the employe’s entitlement to
      receive compensation has not changed.

      ....

      (c) The employe shall complete and return form LIBC-760 to the
      insurer within 30 days of receipt of the form.

      (d) If the employe fails to comply with subsection (c), the insurer may
      suspend payments of wage-loss benefits until Form LIBC-760 is
      returned by the employe.

34 Pa. Code § 123.502(a), (b), (d). Section 123.502 of the Regulations mimics the
requirements of Section 311.1, that a claimant is required to complete the LIBC-760
form and that failure to do so within 30 days permits an insurer to suspend payment

                                          7
of benefits until the form is returned. However, the following paragraphs outline the
procedure required to suspend payment on this basis:

      (e) To suspend payments of compensation due to the employe’s failure
      to comply with subsection (c), the insurer shall provide written notice
      to the employee, the employee’s counsel, if known, and the Department
      [of Labor and Industry], on Form LIBC-762, “Notice of Suspension for
      Failure to Return Form LIBC-760 (Employee Verification of
      Employment, Self-employment or Change in Physical Condition)” of
      the following:

      (1) The workers’ compensation benefits have been suspended because
      of the employee’s failure to return the verification form within the 30-
      day statutorily prescribed time period.

      (2) The workers’ compensation benefits shall be reinstated by the
      insurer, effective upon receipt of the completed verification form.

      (3) The employee has the right to challenge the suspension of benefits
      by filing a petition for reinstatement with the Department.

34 Pa. Code § 123.502(e)(1)-(3) (emphasis added).
      Employer argues that the notice requirement outlined in Section 123.502 does
not apply to Employer in this situation. Specifically, Employer asserts that the notice
requirement does not apply as “[b]enefits could not be suspended because they were
not being received at the time the form was issued.” Petitioner’s Br. at 12 (emphasis
added). Yet, Employer also argues that Section 311.1, which permits suspension of
payment for failure to complete the LIBC-760, applies to Employer because “insurer
is permitted to suspend (in this case meaning withhold) compensation[.]”
Petitioner’s Br. at 8 (emphasis added). We reject this argument. Where an employer
seeks to suspend benefits under Section 311.1, it is required to comply with the
corresponding regulation at Section 123.502 demanding that employer provide
notice of such suspension. This requirement is consistent with this Court’s position

                                          8
against an employer’s unilateral suspension of benefits absent a permitting order or
authorization under the Act. See Sheridan, 713 A.2d at 187.
      On October 18, 2018, the WCJ’s order that requires Employer make payment
to Claimant took immediate effect. Employer’s decision to withhold payment after
that was a violation of the Act. It was not until Claimant failed to return the LIBC-
760 after 30 days that Employer was permitted to suspend payments under the Act.
However, in order to properly suspend payment for Claimant’s failure to return the
LIBC-760, Employer was required to comply with Section 311.1(a)’s corresponding
regulation at Section 123.502 and provide notice of that suspension. Employer failed
to comply with the regulation and provide required notice. The record supports the
Board’s decision.
      Finally, Employer argues that the 50% penalty imposed by the WCJ was
excessive. Petitioner’s Br. at 15. Where the WCJ has found a violation of the Act
and imposed a penalty, we will not overturn the penalty finding or the amount absent
an abuse of discretion.    Futura Agency, Inc. v. Workers’ Comp. Appeal Bd.
(Marquez), 878 A.2d 167, 172-73 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2005) (citing Lakomy v. Workers’
Comp. Appeal Bd. (Dep’t of Env’t Res.)), 720 A.2d 492 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1998)). The
Act gives the WCJ the power to impose a penalty of up to 50% where a delay in
payment is deemed unreasonable or excessive. 77 P.S. § 991(d)(i). Where an
employer fails to timely comply with an order to pay benefits, it runs the risk of a
50% penalty. Nat’l Fiberstock Corp., 955 A.2d at 1065. The WCJ found that
Employer failed to pay ordered benefits for five months, that such a delay was
excessive, and that the reasons asserted by Employer were invalid. C.R., Item No.
5, WCJ Decision, at 5. The WCJ’s decision is supported by the record. Therefore,

                                         9
the Board did not err in affirming the WCJ’s decision to impose a 50% penalty for
Employer’s violation of the Act.
         For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the order of the Board.

                                            ______________________________
                                            STACY WALLACE, Judge

                                       10
             IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Essix Holdings, LLC,                    :
                         Petitioner     :
                                        :
        v.                              :   No. 683 C.D. 2021
                                        :
Michael Dengel                          :
(Workers’ Compensation                  :
Appeal Board),                          :
                         Respondent     :

                                      ORDER

             AND NOW, this 25th day of March 2022, the decision of the Workers’
Compensation Appeal Board, dated June 2, 2021, in the above-captioned matter is
AFFIRMED.

                                        ______________________________
                                        STACY WALLACE, Judge