Court Opinion

ID: 997766
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2013-07-04 17:01:42.440382+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:27:09.855806
License: Public Domain

UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

EMILE HADDAD,
Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.
                                                               No. 98-2319
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND
STATE UNIVERSITY,
Defendant-Appellee.

EMILE HADDAD,
Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.
                                                               No. 98-2342
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND
STATE UNIVERSITY,
Defendant-Appellee.

Appeals from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria.
Leonie M. Brinkema, District Judge.
(CA-98-963-A, CA-98-964-A)

Submitted: December 22, 1998

Decided: February 12, 1999

Before NIEMEYER and MOTZ, Circuit Judges, and
PHILLIPS, Senior Circuit Judge.

_________________________________________________________________

Vacated and remanded by unpublished per curiam opinion.

_________________________________________________________________
COUNSEL

Emile Haddad, Appellant Pro Se. Jerry Dean Cain, Kay Heidbreder,
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE & STATE UNIVERSITY,
Blacksburg, Virginia, for Appellee.

_________________________________________________________________

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. See
Local Rule 36(c).

_________________________________________________________________

OPINION

PER CURIAM:

Emile Haddad appeals from the district court orders dismissing
Civil Action No. 98-964-A (Haddad III) and Haddad's due process
and ADEA claims from Civil Action No. 98-963-A (Haddad II), and
remanding the remaining state law claims in Haddad II to state court.
Because we find that the district court improperly exercised jurisdic-
tion over Haddad II and Haddad III, we vacate the orders and remand.

Haddad asserts that under 28 U.S.C. § 1447(d) (1994),* the district
court was foreclosed from reconsidering its earlier orders remanding
Haddad II and Haddad III to state court. In response, Virginia Tech
argues that the district court properly exercised jurisdiction over the
cases in light of Wisconsin Dep't. of Corrections v. Schacht, ___ U.S.
___, 66 U.S.L.W. 4531 (U.S., June 22, 1998) (No. 97-461), in which
the Supreme Court held that the presence of Eleventh Amendment-
barred claims in an otherwise removable case does not destroy
removal jurisdiction over the non-barred claims, thereby overruling
this court's decision in Haddad v. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. & State
University, No. 97-2388 (4th Cir. May 5, 1998) (unpublished).
_________________________________________________________________
*That statute provides, "[a]n order remanding a case to the State court
from which it was removed is not reviewable on appeal or otherwise
. . . ."

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Virginia Tech maintains that the Supreme Court's decision in
Schacht provided a basis upon which it could re-remove Haddad II
and Haddad III to federal court. In support of its claim Virginia Tech
directs this court's attention to the statutory language of 28 U.S.C.
§ 1446(b) (1994), which provides, in relevant part:

          If the case stated by the initial pleading is not removable, a
          notice of removal may be filed within thirty days after
          receipt by the defendant . . . of a copy of an amended plead-
          ing, motion, order or other paper from which it may first be
          ascertained that the case is one which is or has become
          removable.

Virginia Tech asserts that under this court's decision in Haddad v.
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. & State University, No. 97-2388 (4th Cir.
May 5, 1998) (unpublished), Haddad II and Haddad III were initially
not removable to federal court. However, the Supreme Court's deci-
sion in Schacht made the cases removable. Therefore, it concludes
that its notices of removal filed within thirty days of the Schacht deci-
sion provided the district court with the authority to exercise jurisdic-
tion over the cases.

We find that the district court's remand orders issued in accordance
with this court's directions in Haddad v. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. &
State University, No. 97-2388 (4th Cir. May 5, 1998) (unpublished),
divested the district court of jurisdiction over Haddad II and III, and
precluded it from entertaining Virginia Tech's re-filed notices of
removal. Under 28 U.S.C. § 1447(d), a district court is precluded
from reviewing a previously issued remand order based on grounds
identified in § 1447(c). See Three J. Farms, Inc. v. Alton Box Bd. Co.,
609 F.2d 112, 115-16 (4th Cir. 1979); Gravitt v. Southwestern Bell
Tel. Co., 430 U.S. 723, 723-24 (1977). The bar to reviewing an earlier
remand order applies even if the district court's remand order was
based on erroneous principles or analysis. See Gravitt, 430 U.S. at
723; Van Meter v. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. , 1 F.3d 445, 449
(6th Cir. 1993). The remand at issue here was based on lack of juris-
diction, a ground identified in § 1447(c). Therefore, § 1447(d) fore-
closed the district court from exercising jurisdiction over Haddad II
and Haddad III.

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We reject Virginia Tech's claim that its notices of removal were
timely and appropriately considered in light of the intervening
Supreme Court decision. The term "other paper" in § 1446(b) does
not include a subsequently decided decision issued in an unrelated
action. See Doe v. American Red Cross, 14 F.3d 196, 202-03 n.5, 6
(3d Cir. 1993) (citing cases but not deciding issue); Lozano v. GPE
Controls, 859 F. Supp. 1036, 1038 (S.D. Tex. 1994) (citing cases);
Phillips v. Allstate Ins. Co., 702 F. Supp. 1466, 1468-69 (C.D. Cal.
1989) (noting virtually every court addressing the issue has concluded
that intervening case law is not an "other paper"). Therefore, the
Schacht decision did not provide Virginia Tech with a basis upon
which to re-remove these cases to federal court.

Accordingly, the district court's prior orders remanding Haddad II
and Haddad III to state court divested it of jurisdiction over those
cases and precluded it from adjudicating Virginia Tech's motion to
strike and motion to dismiss. We therefore vacate the district court's
orders dismissing Haddad III and the ADEA and due process claims
in Haddad II, and remand with instructions for the district court to
remand the cases to the state court. We dispense with oral argument
because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the
materials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional
process.

VACATED AND REMANDED

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