Court Opinion

ID: 4549205
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-07-17 19:00:42.174348+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:56:56.014630
License: Public Domain

NOT RECOMMENDED FOR PUBLICATION
                                File Name: 20a0412n.06

                                         Case No. 19-5786

                           UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                FOR THE SIXTH CIRCUIT

                                                                                          FILED
                                                                                    Jul 17, 2020
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,                             )
                                                                               DEBORAH S. HUNT, Clerk
                                                      )
       Plaintiff-Appellee,
                                                      )
                                                      )
v.
                                                      )      ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED
                                                      )      STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR
MILTON LEWIS SMITH,
                                                      )      THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF
       Defendant-Appellant.                           )      KENTUCKY
                                                      )

       BEFORE: BOGGS, SUTTON, and WHITE, Circuit Judges.

       SUTTON, Circuit Judge. Milton Smith pleaded guilty to several federal drug charges. At

sentencing, the district court classified him as a career offender because he had two Ohio

convictions for trafficking heroin. Smith claims that the court erred because the convictions fall

outside the guidelines’ definition of a “controlled substance offense.” We disagree and affirm.

       In August 2018, police officers arrested Milton Smith after he sold a confidential informant

multiple grams of fentanyl. Smith pleaded guilty to three counts of drug dealing. See 21 U.S.C.

§ 841(a). At sentencing, the district court classified Smith as a “career offender,” based in part on

two Ohio convictions—namely that, in 2008 and 2014, Ohio convicted Smith for distributing

heroin. Taken together, the career-offender classification, a credit for accepting responsibility, and

Smith’s lengthy criminal history (35 prior convictions) yielded a guidelines range of 188 to 235

months imprisonment. The court imposed a 192-month sentence.
Case No. 19-5786, United States v. Smith

       On appeal, Smith challenges the district court’s career-offender classification. According

to Smith, he is not a career offender because his prior Ohio drug trafficking convictions do not

count as “controlled substance offenses” within the meaning of the guidelines.            U.S.S.G.

§ 4B1.2(b).

       Unhappily for Smith, our court recently resolved the point, holding that Ohio convictions

for violating § 2952.03(A)(2) count as “controlled substance offense[s].” United States v. Dennis

A. Smith, 960 F.3d 883, 887–89 (6th Cir. 2020). Smith offers no reason to see his case differently,

and, as misfortune would have it, he filed his appeal before our court decided Smith—with respect

to a different Smith by the way.

       Nor can Smith prevail on the ground that the government did not sufficiently prove that

the Ohio convictions involved this statute. At sentencing, Smith admitted that Ohio convicted him

under § 2925.03(A)(2) in both cases. The government said the same. And when the district court

asked Smith whether he had any objections to the court’s sentencing process, Smith identified

none. See United States v. Vonner, 516 F.3d 382, 385 (6th Cir. 2008) (en banc); United States v.

Skipper, 552 F.3d 489, 491–92 (6th Cir. 2009). At best then, Smith wants us to review for plain

error an alleged error he invited. That would be a hard sell even if the district court had made a

mistake. See United States v. Morris, 641 F. App’x 457, 461–62 (6th Cir. 2016). But no evidence

exists of a mistake anyway.

       We affirm.

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