Court Opinion

ID: 7198078
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-07-24 17:04:46.712098+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:15:20.103211
License: Public Domain

The opinion of the court was delivered by Wateins, J.
On application for rehearing, by Njcholls, O. J.
On rehearing by Mokroe, J.
The opinion of the court was delivered by
WatKINS, J.
The Succession of Fannie Minerva Seymour, widow of William Reed Mills, was opened by her death in the city of New Orleans, on the 6th of January, 1896, and J. B. Vinet, public administrator, soon after applied for letters of administration, on the theory that the deceased died intestate and without heirs, and that her succession was vacant.
Before letters were granted, Charles Clinton Brown, of Sacramento City, California, and Mary Brown, widow of James McVey, of Huntington, West Virginia, alleging themselves to be the surviving brother and sister of the deceased, and her sole surviving heirs at law —being the children-of the marriage of John J. Brown and Rebecca Brown, his wife, both deceased — made claim to the property of her estate, and prayed for a judgment placing them in possession thereof, as joint owners in indivisión.
*122The claim of the opponents is, substantially, that the maiden name of the deceased was Rachel Fanny Brown, but that she was known and frequently called, during her lifetime, Fanny Sweet, Fanny Maria Hinckley, and Fannie M. Hinckley.
The State of Louisiana, through the Attorney General, intervened in the controversy and set up claim to the property as irregular heir of the deceased, alleging that her name was Fannie Minerva Seymour, and that she was born in London, England, and died without heirs.
The prayer of her petition is, that she be recognized as the irregular heir of the deceased, and be placed in possession of the property and effects of her estate, as such. .
In an amended and supplemental petition, Charles Clinton Brown and Mary Brown McVey, allege, in terms more specific and definite than those of their original opposition, “that they are the children of Rebecca Brown and John J. Brown, and issue of their marriage; that their father and mother were married in Christianburg, Montgomery county, Virginia, on or about the year 1816,” etc.
The public administrator plead a general denial to the demands and oppositions of Charles Clinton Brown and Mary Brown McVay, and joined the State in the defence to their claims as legal heirs of the deceased, and in her demand to be recognized as irregular heir as well.
Consequently, the controversy involves simply the identity of the deceased, and whether she was Rachel. Fanny Brown, issue of the marriage of John J. Brown and Rebecca Smallwood; or was she Fannie Minerva Seymour, or some other person than Rachel Fanny Brown — it is of no particular consequence as to what oilier person, if any, she was.
The total value of the estate is about fifty-five thousand dollars, but as none of the contestants concerning its indebtedness, or the distribution of its assets have prosecuted an appeal from the judgment of the judge a quo, nor joined in that of the State, no further mention need be made of same.
The testimony adduced on the trial took a wide range; and, necessarily, because the birth place and origin of the deceased were so obscure and remote, her history extending into the past more than half a century.
Upon a careful examination and analysis of the evidence, the judge *123a quo arrived at the conclusion that the opponents, Charles Clinton Brown and Mary Brown McVey, bad established their heirship, satisfactorily, and he gave judgment in their favor, recognizing them as the sole, joint, heirs of the deceased, and ordered them to be placed in possession of her estate.
In support of his judgment he assigned his reasons in writing, which have been of much assistance to us in our investigation of the case.
Thereupon, the Attorney General filed a rule for a new trial, stating the grounds upon which he relied at great length, but same, upon due consideration by the court, was denied.
Thereupon the State appealed, and the public administrator joined in her application.
Soon after lodging her appeal in this court, the State, through the Attorney General, made an application to have the cause remanded, “on the ground that since the (Original) trial evidence has been discovered * * which would necessarily produce a different result in any court.” He further, shows, that in the' nature of the case, it was not practicable, by any reasonable diligence, to ascertain the facts upon which this motion is based, until the case of the claimants was exposed by the evidence adduced upon the trial,” etc.
The motion then sets out in detail the names of the witnesses, and the character of the evidence it is expected to obtain from them, and thereto are annexed quite a number and variety of exhibits in support of the application.
From the nature and character of the application, it is evident that we should postpone the consideration of this motion until we have made an examination of the evidence which the transcript contains; for if we should reach the conclusion that the judgment rendered in the court below should not be affirmed, an examination thereof will not be necessary.
Nevertheless, the fair inference to be deduced from the application to remand is, that the case, as it stands upon the evidence in the record, is with the opponents; and that if our opinion is to be guided and controlled thereby, the judgment appealed from would, in all likelihood, be affirmed.
The question for decision is whether the judge a quo correctly decided that the maiden name of the deceased was Rachel Fanny Brown, daughter of John J. Brown and Rebecca Smallwood, his wife, *124and not Fannie Minerva Seyniour, born in London, England, as the Attorney General contends.
The question presented is one of identity, merely, which must depend largely upon circumstantial evidence, and the opinions and judgment of witnesses.
There is, however, one fact which is well established — a fact that is undenied — and that is, that the deceased was the widow of William Eeed Mills, and during their married life they lived for many years in the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, where they were well and generally known, and that she resided there at the time of her husband’s death, and died there on the 6th of January, 1896.
The record contains a nuncupative will in authentic form, which is shown to have been executed by the deceased in New Orleans on the 7th of August, 1895; and, also, a notarial renunciation and revocation of that will, and all others, on the 30th of November, 1895. These instruments serve to identify her and her domicile in New Orleans, immediately previous to her death.
For the purpose of accuracy, we will briefly sketch the histbry of the deceased as it is detailed by the district judge in his reasons for judgment, before attempting an analysis of our own, of the evidence of the witnesses; and for the purpose of greater accuracy we have made and reproduced the following extracts therefrom, viz:
“This litigation involves the identity of the deceased. It can only be solved by examination and study of a mass of conflicting testimony, and weighing the evidence in the scales of justice.
“The facts clearly proved by legal evidence, are thus stated:
“John Jacob Erown married Eebecca Smallwood on the 26th day of December, 1814, in Virginia. They moved to and lived on a farm in the Quaker Bottom, Eome Township, Lawrence County, Ohio. There were born five children, James Brown, Mary Brown, Sarah Henrietta Brown, Eachel Fanny Brown and Chas. Clinton Brown. They all grew up and attended school in Lawrence county.
“James Brown disappeared, and has not been heard from since 1838.
“Mary Brown married James J. McVey, and is now a widow residing in Huntington, West Virginia.
“Sarah Henrietta Brown married a man by the name of Swartoot. He died a short time after the marriage. She then went to Cincinnati about the year 1839, and married John McCormack. They lived *125in Cincinnati until the spring of 1849, when they left for California. McCormack died on the way, and his widow arrived at Sacramento in 1850. She there married Charles Green. He died, and she then married one Wolson. She died in Sacramento, California, in 1870, leaving her property to her brother, Charles Clinton Brown.
“Charles Clinton Brown lived at home until he was thirteen years old. From that time, 1841, to the year 1851, he was at work on boats on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, or engaged in cutting timber in the swamps of lower Louisiana, returning home at intervals of three months to a year. Shortly before his mother’s death in 1851, he returned home and resided there permanently. In November, 1857, having married, he moved to Missouri, where he lived about fifteen years, and in 1870 he removed -to Sacramento, California, where he has since resided.
“Rachel Fanny Brown was born on the 9th day of January, 1826, went to school in Lawrence County, Ohio, and lived at home. In 1841 she went to live with her sister, Mrs. McCormack, in Cincinnati. She was living in Cincinnati in 1844.
“She then disappeared and was never seen or heard of in the State of Louisiana by any one until the summer of 1857.
“There is no evidence in the record tending to show where she was between 1844 and June, 1846.
“In the month of June, 1846, a young woman, apparently aboiit nineteen years of age, who stated her name was Fanny Minerva Seymour, shipped from Liverpool, England, for New York on the ■ship Waterloo, commanded by Captain Allen. From New York she came to this city, arriving here in the latter part of the summer, or early in the fall, of 1846.
“In January, 1847, she appeared at the old Globe ball-room as Fanny M. Smith, taking the surname of a man she stated she came with from New York, and had married. Smith died on the 27th day of December, 1847. The undertaker sued Fanny M. Smith in the First District Court of New Orleans for $80, for the funeral expenses of her deceased husband. During the years 1847, 1848, and up to the spring of the year 1849, she lived in this city, pursued the calling and was notoriously known as a prostitute. In the spring of 1849 she left this city for California by way of Panama.
“In June, 1846, to two persons, passengers on the ship Waterloo, she stated her name to be Fanny Minerva Seymour, and that she was *126born in London, England. She impressed one of these gentlemen at that time as -being' of a better class of servants, a barmaid, clearly English, with the cockney accent, although she had lost much of the accent when he saw her in this city in 1868.
“In the year 1848 she stated to her room-mate, her intimate friend then and for many years after, that her name was Fanny Minerva Seymour ; that she was born and raised in London, England; that she was of- good family; that her father and mother died when she was young, and her guardian put her in a bar-room to serve. That she became acquainted with Captain Allen, and the first thing she knew, in the spring or summer of 1846, she was on board of a ship coming over to New York.
“Before she went to California, she stated to two other persons that she was born in England, and they were impressed with the belief that she was an English woman. -
“Fanny Minerva Seymour, alias Fanny'M. Smith, reached San Francisco in 1860, and lived there a short time in a house of ill-fame. In the same year she went to Sacramento, and became the proprietress of a place called the Palace, and the mistress of a gambler, Rube Raines, who owned a gambling saloon, the El Dorado.
“She lived in Sacramento undei the name of Fanny M. Smith until December 20th, 1862. On that night she shot and Wounded a man named Albert Putnam, was arrested, carried to the prison ship in the river, from which she escaped and left California.
“The Sacramento Union, which published an account of the shooting of Putnam on the 21st and 23rd of December, 1862, speaks of her as ‘Fanny Seymour, alias Smith.’
“In Sacramento she met her sister, Mrs. McCormack, who was living there under an assumed name of Leah Duel! The two women stated, while together in the presence of others, that they were sisters, and they were so known and regarded in the community.
“From California Fánny Minerva Seymour, alias Fanny M. Smith, came to New Orleans, passing through Panama. On her way she passed through Acupulco, Mexico, where she spoke of her sister to a gentleman who knew them both in Sacramento. Later on, in 1863, ill Panama, she inquired of the same party about her sister. 'She arrived here some time prior to the yellow fever epidemic of 1853. She then stated she had changed her name to Fanny Sweet and she was going back to Panama, and was there while the yellow fever was raging in *127this city. From Panama she went to New York, where, on the first day of October, 1853, she married Abraham Miller Hinckley, of New .York, but who was temporarily residing at Aspinwall, on the Isthmus of Panama. ,
“Soon after the marriage Fanny -Minerva Seymour, alias Fanny M. Smith, alias Fanny Sweet, came back to the city as Mrs. A. M. Hinckley. Her husband, A. M. Hinckley, returned to Panama. She arrived here in. 1854. The same year she again went to Panama, and returned to this city. She then lived in a house on Terpsichore street, near Coliseum Square. She was then known as Mrs. Fanny M. Hinckley, and as Fanny M. Sweet.
“In June, 1855, Fanny M. Hinckley was in New York, where she remained until the 15th day of December, 1856. On the 1st day of February, 1856, she instituted a suit against her husband for a divorce. The suit is entitled ‘Fanny Maria Hinckley, by David 0. Ringland, her next friend, against Abraham Miller Iiinckley.’ On December 15, 1856, a judgment of divorce was granted. No certificate of marriage showing by what name she was married to Hinck-ley has been produced, nor is her maiden name disclosed in the divorce proceedings.
“The petition is signed Fanny Maria Hinckley.
“From New York she went to Havana, and was there in February', 1857.
“From Havana she came to this city in June, 1857, and boarded on Rampart street, between Gravier and Perdido, where she was visited by a gentleman who she stated was the captain of the vessel that brought her from Havana.
“In the summer of 1857, Mrs. Fanny M. Hinckley went to Lawrence County, Ohio. She was at once recognized by 'Charles Clinton Brown and by Mrs. Mary McVey as their sister, Rachel Fanny Brown. She was also recognized by Henry C. Neff, Jane M. Neff, 0. Gillett and Ammon McLaughlin, who had known her as Fanny Rachel Brown, in Lawrence County, had gone to school and associated with her in early days. She stayed' in the old home where she was born with her sister, Mrs. McVey, uiitil she. quarrelled with her sister’s husband, James McVey.
“In August, 1857, she removed the remains of her mother, Rebecca Brown, by second marriage Rebecca White, from Rome Churchyard, *128in Lawrence County, to the old home place, where her mother had lived and her children had been born, then owned by Charles Clinton Brown. Over her grave she erected á marble shaft, upon which was inscribed her mother’s name, age, date of death, and ten lines of intended poetry, conveying the idea that she had returned to view and scatter flowers over her mother’s grave.
“On the 15th day of August, 1857, Chas. Clinton Brown sold to Mrs. Rachel Fanny Maria Hinckley the ground in which her mother was buried.
“On the 15th day of September, 1857, Charles Clinton Biown and his wife, F. E. Brown, executed a common law deed of sale to Rachel Fanny Maria Hinckley of the ground in which her mother was buried, and the deed was delivered to her lawyer, John S. George, and recorded in the recorder’s office in Lawrence County, on the 30th day of October, 1857.
“On September 12th 1857, she prosecuted James McVey for criminal libel. The suit is entitled, ‘State of Ohio vs. James McVey,’ and was instituted before Peras R. Polley, justice of the peace in Lawrence County. The suit is based upon a letter, alleged to have been written by James McVey, although signed by ‘Judge Lynch,’ in which she is notified that the citizens would no longer allow their peace and quiet to be disturbed by the passions and avarice of such an outrageous female monster, and notifies her to leave the place, or expect a ‘suit of tar and feathers and a free pass down the river on a slab.’
“On her affidavit, signed and sworn to as R. F. M. Hinckley, McVey was arrested and gave bond. The case was continued on September 14, 1857, on account of the absence of one of the witnesses, Charles Clinton Brown, and was tried on the 17th day of September, 1857.
“R. F. M. Hinckley, Abraham Lacy, Richard Bowen and Wallace Lewis were sworn and examined on behalf of the State, and L. E. Conegar for the defense. Judgment was then rendered for the defense, and the prosecuting witness, R. F. M. Hinckley, condemned to pay the costs, $6, which she did. In this litigation she was represented by her attorney, John S. George, and the defense by W. W. J ohnson.
“At the same time she instituted another suit against James McVey, through her attorney, John S. George. She left Lawrence County between September 18th and 20th, 1857, and wrote two letters, dated *129December 17, 1857, and. February 20, 1858, to Jolm S. George, in answer to some letters from Mm in reference to this suit.
“During the greater part of the year 1858, and during 1859, 1800, and to July, 1861, she remained in this city, known as Mrs, Fanny M. Hinckley and Fanny Sweet.
“In July, 1861, a man, named Willis G, Stevens, obtained a contract from the Confederate government to go abroad and purchase gunpowder. He associated with him a highly respected citizen of this city. To him he introduced, as their partner in-the enterprise, Mrs. Fanny M. Hinckley, disguised as a man, as his nephew, Fred. Sweet. They traveled by land to Houston, Texas, where, to this gentleman’s horror and dismay, her sex, until then unknown to him, was discovered. They then proceeded to Brownsville, Texas, whore Stevens was taken dangerously ill, and soon died. She then returned to the city and was accused of murdering Stevens.
“In 1863 she filed an opposition in the succession of Stevens, claiming that the succession was indebted to her on an English bill of exchange, and on his note given to her by Stevens while in Texas. She gained her suit, and recovered from the succession $3255.55.
“From 1862, to the time of her death, she remained in this city.
“From 1852 to 1896, at various times, to eleven persons whom she knew socially and professionally, four of whom were her lawyers, she declared positively that her name was Fanny Minerva Seymour, and that she was born in London.
“On the 9th day of August, 1879, Mrs. F. M. Hinckley was married in a Catholic church to William Reed Mills. She signed the marriage certificate Fanny Minerva Seymour, widow of A. M. Hinckley. They lived in this city as husband and wife, and were so known until Mills died.
“On July 21st, 1891, William Reed Milis died, and his last will, dated October 8th, 1887, was probated. In his will he left one-half of his property to his beloved wife, Fanny Minerva Seymour, widow of Hinckley, and appointed her one of his executors.
“Before his death, on the 17th day of August, 1882, he transferred to his wife, Fanny M. Seymour, widow of A. M. Hinckley, certain property in Pensacola, Fla.
“In 1860 Mrs. A. M. Hinckley purchased four pieces of property, by four acts of sale, of different dates; in 1862, 1866 and 1868, three pieces of property, by three acts of sale, and in all of them her name *130is stated to be ‘Fanny Minerva Seymour, widow of A. M. Iiinckley, from whom she was divorced.’
“On January 20th, 1883, she sold a piece of property, and in the act of sale her name is stated to be Fanny Minerva Seymour, wife of William Reed Mills, and is signed Fanny M. Mills. ,
“On the 25th of July, 1870, she made her will before Gustave LeGardeur, Jr., a notary public in this city, in which she cleclared, ‘My name is Fanny Minerva Seymour, the divorced wife of Abraham Miller Iiinckley. I have neither ascendants nor descendants.’
“On the 3rd day of July, 1895, she made her second will, before Joseph I). Taylor, a notary public, in which she declared, ‘My name is Fanny Minerva Seymour, widow by first marriage of Abraham Miller Iiinckley, deceased, and by second marriage of WiPiam Reed Mills, deceased. I am a native of London, England. I was born on the 9th day of January, 1826. I have no forced heirs.’
“On the 7th day of August, 1895, she made her third will, before Frank Zengel, a notary public, in which she said: ‘My name is Fanny Minerva Seymour, widow by first marriage of Abraham Miller Hinck-ley, and widow by second marriage of William Reed Mills. I am a native of London, England. I was born on the 9th day of January, 1826. I have no living relatives, and, consequently, no heirs of any kind.’
“On the 30th day of November, 1895, by an act of revocation, before Robert P. Upton, a notary public, in which her name is stated to be ‘Fanny Minerva Seymour, widow by first marriage of Abraham Miller Iiinckley, and widow by second marriage of William R. Mills, she revoked all wills heretofore made.
“Prior to this revocation, the day before, she stated to Mr. Upton that the was born in England, and had no relatives. After the revocation, on the 29th or 30th of December, 1895, she sent for Mr. Upton, and he told her that she ‘ought to malee another will, because if anything happened to her in her present condition, what she left would go to the State,’ and she replied to him that ‘under all the circumstances she did not know but that was the best disposition to make.’
“The greater part of this estate, inventoried at $54,765.60, was acquired by her in 1892 from the succession of William Reed Mills, being a part of his fee in the succession of Myra Clark Gaines.
“About 1892 her health began to fail. She then became addicted to the opium habit. In 1893 she became blind, miserly, suspicious, liv*131ing in constant fear that some one would rob her, and finally died, on the 6th day of January, 1896, really of starvation, although possessed of ample means.
“These facts show that the deceased stated, orally, to various persons, at different times and places, during fifty years of her life, that her name was Fanny Minerva Seymour; that she was born in London, England, and she had no relations. They are nothing more than her bare statments, made not even under the sanctity of an oath. They are the statements of a deceased person, and, although they are considered evidence, they are considered as evidence of the weakest character. They are entitled to weight only according to the character of the person by whom, the occasion when, and the circumstances under which they are made. They can be contradicted by positive proof, notwithstanding they have been frequently made during many years. Stevens, on Evidence, p. 7Y.
“These facts show that the deceased made the same statements in various acts of sale, in wills and in an act of marriage. Declarations as to name and domicile in notarial acts, and documents, are evidence, subject to consideration in connection with other facts. They are not conclusive upon the parties making them, nor upon those not parties to the acts. They can be controverted by positive proof. 40 Ann., 3Y8; 10 Ann., 268; 5 Ann., 348. Declarations in wills are subject to the same rules as other notarial acts. They are not considered solemn dying declarations. Dying declarations are entirely different, made under different circumstances, and are known only in criminal cases, never in civil cases. Greenleaf, on Evidence, Sec. 155.
“These facts show the impression entertained by those with whom she was thrown in contact, as to her nationality. They can be controverted, and it can be shown by positive proof in this case, as in many of the affairs of life, that the shrewdest of men form many erroneous impressions of persons and things.
“The facts show where she had been, and where she had lived, during most of her life. They do not show why she was on a vessel on the Atlantic in June, 1846, but from the facts disclosed, from her disgraceful vocation and roving disposition, the legal presumption is that she had visited England some time between 1844 and 1846, and was then returning.
“These facts show her notorious, bad character, and the variety of names under which she plied her vocation.
*132“These facts show positively against her declarations to the contrary, and the impressions of others to the contrary, that her maiden name was Fanny Rachel Brown; that she was horn on the 9th day of January, 1826, in Lawrence County, Ohio, issue of the marriage of John Jacob Brown, and his wife, Rebecca Smallwood, and that she was the sister of Charles Clinton Brown and Mrs. Mary McVey. That she disappeared in 1844, mot her sister, Sarah Henrietta Brown, widow of John McCormack, then known as Leah Duell, in Sacramento, Cal., in 1850, and returned to Lawrence County, Ohio, in 1857, where she was received and recognized by her family and early friends. That she returned to Lawrence County not as an English woman, named Fanny Minerva Seymour, visiting a part of this country then little known, without an object, but as Mrs. Rachel Fanny Maria I-Iincldey, with the avowed purpose of removing her mother’s remains from Rome Churchyard to the old family homestead. That she did so, purchased the land in which to bury her, erected a monument over her grave, then engaged in litigation with her brother-in-law, James McVey, and left never to return.
“These facts show positively against her declaration to the contrary, and the impressions of others to the contrary, that Rachel Fanny Brown, Fanny Minerva Seymour, Fanny M. Smith, Fanny Sweet, Freddy Stevens, Mrs. Rachel Fanny Maria Ilincldey, Mrs. A. M. Hinckley and Mrs. William Reed Mills was the same person.
“These facts show that the deceased deliberately and persistently asserted, through fifty years, that which she knew to be false, and deliberately and persistently on every occasion when she could deceive without detection, even in the sacred precincts of a church of the Almighty God, adhered to the lie she had uttered.
“For these reasons judgment is rendered in favor of the plaintiff, Charles Clinton Brown and Mrs. Mary McVey, as prayed for; the demand of the State is rejected, and the succession of the deceased condemned to pay the costs.”
The judge a quo has evidently studied the record well, and has made a very careful and accurate analysis of the evidence; as it has been fully verified by a thorough examination of our own.
In the motion for a new trial, which was filed by the Attorney General and the attorneys for the public administrator, the following grounds are taken, viz:
*1331. That there is error in its opinion because the court attaches no weight to the declarations of the deceased as to her maiden name, and as to that of her nativity.
2. That there is error therein because the evidence fails to show any motive on the part of the deceased to conceal her identity as Rachel Fannie Brown.
3. That there is error therein, because the deceased declared her.self to be Fanny Minerva Seymour in an authentic testament which she executed a few months prior to her death.
4. That there is error in the conclusion of the court, that if was Fanny Rachel Brown who was a passenger on the ship Waterloo, in the early part of 1846, on her voyage from Liverpool to New York, notwithstanding she alleged her name to have been Fanny Minerva Seymour, and a native of London, England.
5. That this conclusion of the court was erroneous, because in every subsequent act of hers, such as wills, acts of sale and the like, 'the deceased invariably styled herself Fannie Minerva Seymour, and a native of London, England.
6. That the opinion is erroneous, for the reason that it gives full weight to plaintiff’s testimony, the documentary evidence being connected with the deceased by the instrumentality of the pardl declarations of witnesses residing in Ohio and California, friends of the plaintiffs, and can not apply to an English woman, who came to America in 1846.
That motion rests exclusively upon alleged errors of the judge in attributing greater weight to the testimony adduced by the plaintiffs than it was entitled to have received, mainly because it did not apply to an English woman, who was born in London. It does not proceed upon the theory that his opinion fails to recite the facts accurately and fully.
The ruling of the judge upon that motion was in conformity with his written opinion.
An examination of the evidence has induced us to separate it into three categories, and collate and analyze it with reference to. three different epochs, viz:
First. — The alleged marriage of John Jacob Brown and Rebecca Smallwood, in Montgomery County, Virginia, in 1814, and the names and ages of their children, and a sketch of their histories.
*134Second. — The life of Fanny M. Smith, in California, in 1850, and her history and career during many subsequent years.-
Third. — The visit of Mrs. Fannie M. Hinckley to Ohio, in 1857, and the circumstances attending that visit connecting- her with Fanny M. Smith, of California, and tending to identify her with the Rachel Fanny Brown who was born in Lawrence County, Ohio, in January, 1826.
Upon the evidence relating- to these people and epochs, will depend the verity of the existence of such a person as Fanny Minerva Seymour, personating the deceased Mrs. Mills.
I.
On the first proposition, the proof is clear and indubitable to the effect that John Jacob Brown and Rebecca Smallwood were married at Christianburg-, in Montgomery County, Virginia, on the 26th of December, 1814, the fact being exhibited by exemplifications from the official records.
It is shown, by all the evidence, that the two opponents, Charles Clinton Brown and Mary Brown, widow of James L. McVey, are lawful issue of that marriage, the latter being the second child of that marriage, and the former the last and youngest child; and all other children thereof, and their deseendents, being dead long since.
The evidence shows that, of that marriage, there were eight children of the following names, and dates of birth, viz:
1st. James Brown, born in 1816.
2nd. Died in infancy.
3rd. Died in infancy.
4th. Died in infancy.
5th. Mary Brown, born in 1822.
6th. Sarah Henrietta Brown, born in 1824.
7th. Rachel Fanny Brown, born in 1826.
8th. Charles Clinton Brown, born in 1829.
Consequently, Mary Brown McVey was, in 1896, at date of trial, about 73 years old, and Charles Clinton Brown was about 67 years old, and Rachel Fanny Brown was, if she was really the deceased, 68 years of age at the time she died in 1896.
Henry C. Neff testifies that he knew Rebecca Brown well; and after the disappearance of her husband, John J. Brown, she married a man of the name of White, and that she subsequently died in 1851.
*135That he and the opponent, 0. 0. Brown, wer.e hoys together, and did many days work together; that they lived in Rome township, Lawrence County, Ohio, they being of about the same age.
That he knew all the children of John J. and Rebecca Brown, except James, the eldest child, and lie gave their names and ages — the present residence of Mary, the widow of James L. McVey, being Huntington, West Virginia, which other evidence shows to be only six miles from the old Brown homestead, on the opposite side of the Ohio river.
Jane M. Neff testifies to a like effect as the witness preceding does, and says she knows “that Charles Clinton Brown, Mary Brown, widow of James McVey, and Rachel Fanny Brown, were all members of the same family, living together with their mother, Rebecca Brown, in the same neighborhood with (her), in fact (her) nearest neighbor, and they were reputed to be brother and sisters, and lived together as such.”
The testimony of C. Gillet and Robert TIall is to the same effect, except that they state they knew, also, the eldest child, J ames Brown, who disappeared during his boyhood, and has not been since heard of.
That of Amos McLoughlin is about the same as the testimony of the other Ohio witnesses.
On this evidence our conclusion is that the opponents are brother and sister of Rachel Fanny Brown, and that the three were the issue of the marriage of John J. Brown and Rebecca Brown, and that Rebecca Brown subsequently married White, and thereafter died at the Brown homestead in 1851.
As the evidence shows that James Brown disappeared in 1838, at the age of 22, just sixty-one years ago, no further mention need be made of him; and Mary Brown and Charles 0. Brown are the parties opponent to this suit; the Only others whose early history needs reviewing are Sarah Henrietta and Rachel Fanny Brown.
The general trend of the testimony is to the effect that Sarah first married a man of the name of Swartoot, in the neighborhood of the old homestead, but that he died shortly after their marriage.
That she then went to Cincinnati, where she married John McCor-mack in 1839, and that after residing in that city until the spring of 1849, they left for California by the overland route, where she arrived in the spring of 1850, her husband having died on the plains en route.
That Rachel Fannie Brown attended school in Lawrence County, *136Ohio, during her girlhood, and in 1841, when she .was only 15 years old, she went to Cincinnati to live with her sister, Mrs. McCormack.
Concerning this period in the girl’s history, a great deal has been said by the witnesses.
Charles C. Brown, one of the opponents, states, that she went to Cincinnati in 1841, or 1842, to live with her sister, Mrs. McCormack, and that she remained there about two years, and went back home.
That she subsequently went back to Cincinnati. That his sister Fanny told him that she had been living with a family of the name of Seymour after she left her sister’s house.
The witness says:
“I saw her at Mrs. Seymour’s, and I saw her at my sisters, when she lived on Spring street.”
Tie says she told him that “Mrs. Seymour had no children, and wanted to adopt her, but that her mother objected., and thought she had better keep her own name.”
The witness states that her sister, Henrietta McCormack, accompanied him around to Mrs. Seymour’s to see his sister Fannie, and that it was in the year 1844, when he first went there.
Tie makes no further mention of his sister, Rachel Fanny Brown, until in the year 1849, when she came back again to Lawrence County, being at that time about twenty-three years of age.
Says it was during the month of March; and on that visit she stated that she and her sister, Mrs. McCormack, were going to California.
That on this occasion his sister, Fanny, brought a little girl with her who was named Cornelia Shelly, and that he and his wife kept her and raised her until she was thirteen years old. That some years afterwards his sister, Sarah, who had married a man of the name of Green, in California, subsequent to the death of McCormack, came back to Lawrence County in company with her husband, and took the little girl away with them.
The witness says that the next intelligence he had of Fannie was through a letter he received, which purported to have came from her in California, but that he never saw her again until 1857.
There is a reason, perhaps, for C. 0. Brown not having seen his sister Fannie, and that was that he was absent a great deal from home about that time, and up to 1849 or 1850, as he was then engaged in steamboating on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, and in chopping *137wood in the swamps of Louisiana, only returning homo now and then.
But a year or two prior to the death of his mother, in 1851, he was summoned home by a letter from his mother announcing that she was afflicted with a cancer in the mouth, and that this letter reached him at a place near Morgan Oity, in Louisiana, and that he went home immediately, and attended to and remained with his sick mother until she died, carrying her to physicians, and nursing her,,
lie states that he purchased and owned the homestead on Paddy Creek, where he was born, and where his parents and the family lived, but that the body of his mother was buried in a neighboring churchyard.
That he thereafter remained in Ohio permanently, and married and established a home there, but in 1857 he removed to the State of Missouri, and as a citizen of that State he enlisted in the Union service, and attained the rank of captain in the Federal army. That, after the close of the war, he returned to his home in Missouri and resided there until 1870, when he removed with his family to Sacramento City, California, where he has since resided, and where he and his family now reside.
Tie speaks of a visit that his sister, Fanny, made to Ohio in 1857, and the circumstances surrounding it, as connected with her life intermediately in California, and he says that during the years intervening, he and his sister kept up a casual correspondence, and she and his son exchanged letters — his sister residing in New Orleans, and having married Mills. ■
Tie also speaks of having met her once, very accidently, in 1870, as he was leaving for California, first having paid a visit to the old homestead in Ohio; and states that on taking passage on a steamboat bound to New Orleans, he found his sister was a passenger also.
Tie also speaks of a daguerreotype likeness that his sister, Fannie, gave his sister Mary in 1857, on the occasion of her visit in that year, and it was identified by him and other witnesses who were familiar with her at that date, introduced in evidence, and brought up in the original.
Tie also speaks of his sister Fannie having sent his son a book, as a new year’s present, by mail from New Orleans to San Francisco, in 1882; and it he also identified, and produced and filed in evidence; and it is brought up in the original annexed to the transcript.
*138It is a copy of Milton's Poems, gilt-edged, and bound m morocco leather. It is somewhat worn, and is apparently several years old, being- an edition of 1853. '
Within there is this inscription on a fly leaf, evidently in the handwriting- of a clerical gentleman, viz:
“Presented to my beloved wife, Fanny Sweet.
“A. J. Sweet. “December 30th, 1871.”
And immediately underneath, on the same page, evidently in the handwriting- of a woman, is the following inscription, viz:
“Presented to my beloved nephew, Jay R. Brown.
“From your aunt,
“Fanny Sweet, “December 27th, 1882.”
From their appearance, these inscriptions were evidently made several years ago, thus attesting the truthfulness of the witness’ statement.
But, in addition to his testimony, other witnesses who knew Fanny Sweet intimately, about the date mentioned, examined the last inscription and identified same as her handwriting.
In confirmation of 0. 0. Brown’s story, he states a fact that has more than ordinary significance, and that is, that on seeing- a notice of the death of Fanny Sweet Mills, in a newspaper of Sacramento Oity, California, on the 9th of January, 1896, he left for New Orleans, Louisiana, on the 15th, and arrived there on the 20th of that month, and soon afterwards filed an application to the public administrator’s appointment — she having died in New Orleans on the 5th of January, 1896.
There is another witness, Edward Fulton, whose evidence strongly corroborates the testimony of 0. 0. Brown in many particulars. He states that he knew a woman of the name of Fanny 'Sweet, who lived in New Orleans for some time.
He says: “I knew that woman in Cincinnati in 1848 and 1849, the latter part of 1848, and the (early part) of 1849. She lived there, and I lived there at the time. She went by the name of Fanny Smith, to the best of my recollection. * * *
She was living in a house of ill-fame, in a place called Bank Alley, a little alley that ran from Third to Fourth street. I was living there at the time, in 1849, and about the 20th day of December, 1849, I left *139Cincinnati, went to New Orleans, and left for California on the 12th of February, 1850, by steamer via Panama; and I arrived in Sail Francisco on the 26th of February, 1850, and went at once to the mines. There I remained for a few months, and returned to San Francisco and found this woman there and talked with her.”
This witness said that he owned and operated a bar on a steamboat running between Cincinnati and New Orleans in the year 1848, and that he stopped off in Cincinnati in 1848, and remained there until he went to California in 1850. That he was thus engaged from 1838 to 1848, and that while he lived in Cincinnati in 184? and 1848, he kept a drinking saloon.
That he saw that woman the first time in Bank Alley, Cincinnati, in a house of ill-fame which was kept by her sister, and that he saw her there quite frequently during the time he lived there.
That he knew the two as sisters, and saw and recognized them after-wards in California, as sisters. That he returned from California in 1859 and did not go back again.
There is no testimony in the record tending to show the whereabouts of Rachel Fanny Brown at any time during the years 1845 and 1846, though it does show that she was in Cincinnati during the years 1841, 1842, 1843 and 1844, and that she was there also in 184?, 1848 and until March, 1849, when she left for California via Panama.
Whilst the fact was unknown, to all appearances, to either of the opponents, who resided in the country at some distance from Cincinnati at that time, it was undoubtedly true that both those sisters were what are vulgarly termed “sporting women,” and occupied houses of ill-fame while they resided in Cincinnati, and plied their vocation as “women of the town.”
In so far as the evidence has been traced, there is no suggestion of there having been such a person known to the witnesses as Fanny Minerva Seymour, though it does show that, in 1844, just prior to her disappearenee from her friends and relations, that Fanny Brown resided with a Mrs. Seymour, in Cincinnati, who desired to adopt her, but that she did not then do so, on account of the alleged opposition of her mother.
Fanny M. Smith reached San Francisco, California, in 1850, and lived there a short time in a house of prostitution. During the same year, she went to Sacramento City and became the proprietress of a *140place called the Palace, and the mistress of a gambler of the name of Rube Raines.
The witness, Edward Fulton, relates that while in Sacramento, in 1852, he oi^ened a faro bank in the house of Rube Raines, and that one of the first persons “who faced him was this woman, Fanny Sweet.” That she was living with Rube Raines up stairs, and his faro bank was down stairs. That at that time she had a sister living in Sacramento with Charley Green, and that he saw and talked with each of them frequently “of old times and of early days.”
A witness of the name of Oharles Vandyke states that he knew the woman Fanny Smith at the time she lived in Sacramento, California, when she kept the Palace House, and he remembers aud details the circumstances of her shooting a man of the name of Putnam. He states that the man was a stage driver, and that she was arrested, gave bail, and was carried on board of a steamboat, and went away. That he accompanied her on board and acted as her escort, and for his services she gave him 'one hundred dollars.
That she had a sister who lived in Sacramento at the time, and that she said she came from Virginia. That he heard her say this very often.
A witness of the name of George H. Duvall inden tilled Fanny M. Smith as the same person whom he saw and knew in New Orleans in 1846, and in 1850 in Sacramento, California.
He says “she dealt faro like a man, and monte too. She was the equal of any man he ever saw.”
A witness of the name of Mary E. Russell says she was very intimate with Fanny 'Smith, and knew her in New Orleans in the early part of 1848, and the fact of her having been in that city at that time is corroborated by excerpts taken from The Picayune of that time.
She says Fanny Smith went to California in 1849, and that she afterward met her in New Orleans again in 1853. That “she came back after she shot that man out there,” and then went to Panama in 1853. That she saw her again in 1854, but that, at that time, she had changed her name to Iiincldey. That she knew her in later years, and had no doubt of her being the same person whom she knew as Fanny Smith in 1856 to 1858.
But it is a noteworthy fact that this witness does not speak of Fanny Smith having been in New Orleans in 1857, nor in the early part of 1858, at the time the witness, Edward Fulton, places her in *141Cincinnati, and that she does not speak of her having been in New Orleans in the early part of 1849, at the time 0. 0. Brown says she paid a visit to her old home in Ohio.
A witness of the name of John Dunn, who resides in Sacramento, Cal., says he knew Fanny Smith when she resided in that place in 1850, and for two years afterward. That he subsequently saw her in Acapulco, Mexico, in 1853, and repeatedly in New Orleans in 1866 to 1880.
Says he visited her in New Orleans in company with a party of several persons “who went to school with her when they were children in Quaker Bottom, Ohio, and heard them talk together about their old school days,” and that he “talked with them and her about her brother Charley, whom they all knew.”
He states that he knew her sister, Mrs. McCormack, who lived in Sacramento, quite well, and that he was also well acquainted with Put-* nam, the stage driver, with whom Fanny Smith had trouble in 1852, and which resulted in her shooting him.
Another witness, H. S. Beals, says he knew Fanny Smith while she lived in Sacramento, Cal., and he recites the Putnam incident as other witnesses have stated it. States that he knows the opponent, 0. 0. Brown, who now resides in Sacramento, and that he knew Mrs. McCormack while she lived there in 1850 to 1853, and that she and Fanny Smith were sisters of his.
Other witnesses testify to the same facts, substantially.
A witness, N. L. Drew, who resides in Sacramento, says he knew Fanny Smith when she lived in that city in 1850 to 1853, and afterward met with her in Aspinwall, Panama, in 1853, and that she then introduced him to A. M. Hinckley, Hinckley being an agent at that place of Bradford & Go., express agents, and he representing them at Sacramento.
That he went thence to New York on business for the company, and thence to Boston, where he was married, and upon the return of himself and wife to California, via Panama, he met Fannie Sweet again, and Hinckley entertained them while there.
From the foregoing1 testimony, and that of other witnesses, we deduce the conclusion that Fanny Smith and Mrs. McCormack were the sisters of O. C. Brown; that they went to California in 1849 or 1850, and that they both resided there until Fanny Smith left in 1853, *142and returned to New Orleans via Panama, when she is first known to have been a friend of Abraham II. Hinckley.
III.
That Rachel Fanny Brown paid a visit to her old home, and to her brother, 0. 0. Brown, and her sister, Mary Brown, widow of Janies L. McVey, in 1851, is attested by many witnesses, and by various public records, and surroundings and corroborating circumstances, but she returned as the lawful, but divorced, wife of A. M. Hinckley, and not' as Fanny Brown, nor as Fanny Minerva Seymour.
Hers was not a transitory, accidental, visit out of a spontaneous affection for the relativos and friends of her youth, or love for the home of her childhood.
Quite the contrary; for it is plainly discernable from the evidence jfchat the chief object of her visit was the establishment of her chaiv acter and repute as a married woman, with all that they implied, at the home of her childhood, from which she had been an outcast, a criminal, and a “wanderer on the face of the earth,” though this fact was possibly then unknown to her kindred and friends.
Immediately after her arrival at the, house of her brother, C. 0. Brown, who then lived in the old family homestead, by whom she was at once recognized, she commenced negotiations with him in regard to the removal of the body of their mother from its resting place in Borne churchyard to a place of private interment on the old homestead. To that 0. 0. Brown expressed himself opposed, and she thereupon went to the house of her sister, Mary McVey, who subsequently joined in her views and entreaties, with the result of overcoming his opposition, and he thereupon executed in favor of Mrs. Fannie M. Hinckley, a deed to one-half an acre of ground, and the two sisters removed their mother’s remains and reinterred them at the exclusive expense of Mrs. Fannie M. Hinckley.
She enclosed the grave with an elaborate iron fence, erected an imposing and costly marble shaft at its head, and had engraved thereon, as an epitaph, two stanzas of intended poetry, which was evidently to make her own grief and tender remembrance of her mother particularly conspicuous.
In this respect one of the stanzas is worthy of reproduction, and it runs thus, viz:
*143“Iiush — the winds and still.
“The evening gloom,
“Whilst I. return to.view
“My mother’s tomb,
“And scatter flowers o’er the dust I love.” (Our italics.)
A sketch of this grave, surrounded by an iron fence partially broken down, and overlooked by an aged marble shaft, broken and defaced, has been produced by a photographer, and brought up in the original, annexed to the transcript, exhibiting the following words which are thereon engraved, viz:
“To the memory of Eebecca White, widow of John J. Brown. Departed this life Nov. 15th, 1851, In the 57th year.”
Putting aside all sentiment, this tomb and monument, with its inscription, more faithfully portray than human tongues, the connecting links which inseparably bind together the living and the dead, and it is difficult to conceive of any evidence sufficiently strong to overcome the impression which they convey, that Frances M. Hinckley, by whom they were erected, was the ligitimate daughter of Eebecca Brown, whose remains she thus consecrated to imperishable memory — outcast though she may have been.
The evidence shows that there had been buried by the side of its grand-mother a little child of James and Mary McVey, and that its body had been taken up and removed at the same time with the body of Eebecca Brown, and that both bodies had been reinterred together.
McVey having been absent at the time of their removal, he made complaint about it upon his return, and trouble ensued between him and his sister-in-law about it, which eventuated in a prosecution of the former on a charge of criminal libel, which was preferred by the latter.
*144The affidavit was made and signed by R. F. M. Hinckley on the 12th of September, 1857.
As these proceedings are very fully set out and characterized in the opinion of the district judge, it will be unnecessary to give any more of the details thereof, but one thing further is worthy of note, and that is that in these proceedings, filed in the court of the county in which she had lived during childhood, her maiden name, Rachel Fanny, is made prominent, as the initials R. F. M., doubtless, represent Rachel Fanny Marie.
And it is equally true that the names of Fanny M. Smith, Fanny Sweet and Fanny Minerva Seymour, were only conspicuous by their absence from these records and proceedings, and this was evidently because Fanny was playing an altogether different role at the time.
Several of the Ohio witnesses state, emphatically and unequivocally, that they saw, recognized and conversed with Mrs. R. F. M Hinckley on the occasion of her visit in 1857, and they specially mention the circumstances of her living the body of her mother removed from Rome churchyard to the old homestead on Paddy Creek.
Each one, in turn, says:
“I know Rachel Fanny Brown, and Rachel Fanny Hinckley, were one and the same person.”
Nor is it at all surprising that these witnesses should have remembered a circumstance at once so important and conspicuous in their lives as that of the sudden return to this rural vicinage of a person who, in youth, was as humble as they, but then clad in the habiliments of great wealth, and the divorced wife of a wealthy and prominent man of the city of New York.
As an illustration of the great store which the deceased set by this marriage of hers, and as proof of the identity of Rachel Fanny Brown with Fanny Minerva Mills, we attract attention to the documents which were found in a little package in her bank box after her death, which were a certified copy of the opinion of the Supreme Court of New York, pronouncing her divorced from her husband, A. M. Hinck-ley, on the ground of his adultery; an original letter which was written to her by 0. A. Stetson, dated February 6th, 1857, at the Astor House, and another letter which was written by Hon. R. M. Blatchford, of New York, having similar date as last, and addressed to Col. Blymer, American Consul at Havana, as an introduction for her.
*145These documents are old, and much worn, doubtless, from use, which attests the value the deceased placed upon them as treasures.
But, notwithstanding all these historical facts, and their apparent importance to the woman in question, this record conspicuously shows that she straightway relapsed into her habits of infamy and vicious indulgences; for, in subsequent years, she dwelt in New Orleans principally, where she was very generally known as a prostitute.
The witness, Edward Fulton, states that he was in New Orleans in 1858, and frequently saw and talked with Fanny Sweet of old times; that he saw her while she lived at the corner of Gasquet and Basin streets, New Orleans.
That she would see him passing by and call him in, and that these interviews continued at intervals through many years; the last one having occurred not more than three weeks prior to her death.
He states that he had no doubt of this woman having been Fanny Sweet, Fanny Hinckley and Fanny Mills.
He said:o
“The same identical woman, and the same woman that I knew in Cincinnati by the name of Fanny Smith, the same woman; the very same.”
Being shown the daguerreotype which is in evidence, he recognized it at once as that of the woman he knew, and said: “Yes, sir; the likeness of Fanny Sweet and Fanny Hinckley— the same woman.”
Another \yitness, Amos McLoughlm, who figures somewhat conspicuously in this record, states that he knew the claimants in this case, and their parent's, as far back as 1837, and he gives the names of all the children. Said he saw Fanny Brown during her visit to Ohio in 1857, as Mrs. Hinckley. That “she had her mother taken out of the cemetery and buried on the home place. I afterward saw Rachel Fanny Brown in New Orleans, La., several times, and talked with her. I met her the first time in New Orleans at her residence on Canal street. She then called herself Fannie Sweet.”
“I knew Rachel Fanny Brown when she was a girl. I saw and knew her when she was in this country, and called herself Racheí Fanny Maria Hinckley, and I knew her in New Orleans as Fanny Sweet — all the same person. * * *
*146“I first knew Rachel Fanny Brown spoken of when she was a child going to school at Rome, Lawrence County, Ohio. I went to school there, too.
-x- -x- * * -x- *
“She was the sister of Charles Clinton Brown and Mrs. Nary Brown McVey. She lived with them in the same house as brother and sister. They claimed the same mother, and were always known to sustain that relation, and I never knew of any question being raised as to such relationship.”
I-Ie says that in 1851, during her visit to Ohio, he “saw her about every day. She was engaged in a law-suit with her brother-in-law, James McVey, and while there that summer took up her mother’s body and moved it to the old home place of her mother. She made her headquarters with her sister, Mrs. Mary McVey, until she had that law suit, and then she moved to Wallis Lewis, and made her home there.”
But, possibly, one of the most striking incidents in this remarkable history is that related by John F. Moliere, who says:
“Some time in the month of Juno, 1846, while I was a sailor on the ship Waterloo, commanded by Captain Allen, on my way from Liverpool to New York, on about the third day out at sea, I saw a young lady who was sitting on a bench about midship of the vessel, and she seemed to be in great distress. While passing her, she stopped me and asked me if I could suggest something to her that would relieve her of sea-sickness. I told her I would try, and went forward and brought "her a big cup full of salt water. I told her to shut her eyes and drink, and she did. A few minutes after drinking it, she commenced to get very sick, and proceeded to the rail of the ship and vomited overboard. After this, she went back to the bench on which she had been sitting and went off in a kind of doze. A short time afterward I went to her, and she told me she was feeling a great deal better, and said she was very hungry. I told her I would get her something to eat, which I did. She relished this very much, and shortly afterward told me she had never felt better.
“Iier name, as she told me, was Miss Fanny Seymour.
“I saw her after that on the voyage, almost daily.
“She told me she was going to New York on a pleasure trip, when she would return to London, her native home, where she was born and *147raised. After our arrival in New York, she bade me good bye, and told me she would show me the beautiful sights of the oily.”
This witness stated that he afterward went to Nashville, Tennessee, and thence to Mexico, as an enlisted soldier, and served until the end of the war, and is now drawing a pension therefor.
This witness said:
“When the gold fever broke out, I went to California, and arrived there in June, 1849.
“After being there a short time, who should I meet on the street but Miss Fannie Seymour. We had a long conversation, talking' over the pleasant time we had coming over from Liverpool to New York.”
He states that he bade her good-bye, and went into the mines, and “never saw her any more till he returned home in 1857, when he met her on Canal street (in New Orleans), and after a pleasant chat she informed him that she had changed her name from Fannie Seymour to Fannie Sweet.”
ITe then states:
“We became very intimately acquainted, and I never lost sight of Mrs. Sweet for a longer period than a month 'from that time to the breaking out of the Civil war. After the war, I met her again, and kept up our acquaintance until I came to Washington, D. C., in 1868, as an officer of the United States. I have never seen her since.”
The witness fully identified the girl, Fanny Seymour, whom he intimately knew on the vessel, Waterloo, in 1846, as the woman whom he met in California in 1850, and familiarly knew in New Orleans from 1857 to 1860, and again in 1866 to 1868, as Fanny Sweet.
There is a fact stated in the testimony of this witness which possesses striking significance, when it is taken in connection with the evidence of other witnesses who speak of Fanny Brown at a shortly previous date thereto, and the testimony of those witnesses who speak of the career of Fanny Smith in California, and that of Fanny Sweet in New Orleanas, subsequently.
It is that “after (their) arrival in New York, she (bade) him good bye and told him she would show (him) the beautiful sights of the city
Surely, that invitation coming from a.young girl, to a sailor whose acquaintance she had made under the circumstances he recites, possessed a clear significance, which he readily understood, and of which he undoubtedly availed himself.
*148For the question naturally arises, as to the manner in which a young girl just out from London on a pleasure excursion, had already acquired a knowledge “of the beautiful sights of the city” of New York, which she had, supposedly, never seen.
In our opinion, the testimony of that witness, which first develops the character of Fanny Seymour, at the same time annihilates the theory of the State that is founded upon its superstructure.
The whole of the after life of the deceased, characterizes her as the same person as Fanny Seymour; and the testimony develops the fact that she, on that voyage, adopted the name, Fanny Seymour, as a means of disguising herself from the scrutiny of friends into the life she was leading — she having recently been Fanny Brown.
This idea is clearly foreshadowed in the statement of C. 0. Brown, that in 1843 and 1844, she was living in Cincinnati with a Mrs. Seymour who wished to adopt her; and that soon afterwards she disappeared altogether from her family.
But she must have found her way to New York, and by this means become acquainted with “the beautiful sights of that city.”
The fact which stands forth prominently, through the lights and shadows which are portrayed by the testimony, is that when Fanny Brown disappeared, Fanny Seymour made her appearance; and that as soon as she returned among her relatives and friends in Ohio, again she became Fanny Brown, and Fanny Seymour disappeared altogether.
Retracing the incidents of the life of the deceased, from January, 1896, as the widow of William R. Mills, to June, 1846, when, as Fanny Seymour — just one-half a century before — she made the voyage from Liverpool to New York, the faithful historian must necessarily review those which occured in California in 1850, those in New York in 1853, and 1855, and those which transpired in Ohio in 1857; and having performed the ungracious task, our conclusion is, that Mrs. F. M. Hinckley, who visited Ohio in 1857 and removed the remains of Rebecca Brown from Romo churchyard to the old Brown homestead on Paddy Creek, and erected a monument to her memory, was none other than the Rachael Fanny Brown, who was the daughter of the deceased, John J. Brown and. Rebecca Smallwood, and the sister of the opponents; of whom they are the sole and exclusive heirs at law.
*149MOTION TO REMAND.
The Attorney General, in the motion, alleges “that on account of partial developments of facts before the trial, and of certain occurrences on the trial, he became strongly impressed with the conviction that plaintiffs had not fairly exposed their family history,” etc., and ■¡hat, consequently, he determined to make a more extensive investigation. His plan was, subsequent to the rendition of final judgment, to send Captain John Price, a detective, to Ohio, to institute rigid inquiries amongst the people of the vicinity where Rachel Fanny Brown was born, and resided during her girlhood, in order to ascertain the r. al facts and incidents of her history.
The investigation which that detective set on foot, and the affidavits which he procured, constitute the basis of this application.
The statement of Captain Price, which is, of course, only hearsay, is to the effect that he gained much of his information from Amos McLoughlin, whose testimony has been already adverted to.
IJe states that he learned from him “that Rachel Brown, during the 'years 1844 and 1845, and including' a part of 1846, had been employed as a chamber maid in a hotel in Guyandotte, Virginia, a town opposite Proctorville, Ohio. That the name of the hotel was Ohapman House, and that Rachel Brown had worked there as late as 1845, or 1846. That after Rachel Brown disappeared from Guyandotte, and the neighborhood surrounding Proctorville, in or about 1846, she had gone down to the city of Cincinnati, and joined her sister, Sarah, who had ceased her occupation as a chambermaid, and had opened a house of prostitution in Bank Alley, or Bank street. * * *
“That Sarah and Rachel Brown plied their vocation as prostitutes in Bank Alley for some years subsequent to 18J¡6 under the name of the Stevens sisters,” etc.
In one of the letters which were written by Amos McLoughlin, in January, of 1897, to Captain Price, and which is annexed to the motion to remand as air exhibit, that statement is, substantially, borne out; but that witness has since died.
To the motion is likewise annexed the affidavit of one E. E. Swart-wood, bearing date February 15th, 1897, as an exhibit, from which we extract the following, viz:
“That he went from New York to Lawrence County, Ohio, in 1883 or 1834, and has lived there ever since. That he knew the Brown *150family which lived in that county ever since. That there were three •girls, Mary, Sarah and Rachel, and two hoys, James and Clinton.
“That affiant married Sarah "Brown, she being- his first wife. That after living together a few months, his wife, Sarah, left him, and went away, and that he never knew anything- about her since. That when he married Sarah, her sister was a girl about twelve or thirteen years of age, and after her sister loft, Rachel stayed at home with her family until she was grown, and did not leave the county until 1846 or 1847. That when she left them it was reported that she had gone to join her sister, Sarah, in Cincinnati, but affiant never knew anything further of them, except hearing of Rachel returning to the neighborhood about ten years afterward, and having her mother’s body removed to the old homestead, and having a tomb built,” etc.
In the affidavit of Daniel Floyd and Francis Nichols, a slightly different statement is made with regard to dates, but both of them say that they knew the Brown family, and “the Brown girls, 'Sarah and Rachel,” and “that Rachel came’ back and had her mother’s remains removed and a tomb built for her,” etc.
The affidavits of several other persons are all likewise to the effect that “the Brown girls, Sarah and Rachel,” were living in Cincinnati in 1847, 1848 and part of 1849, as public prostitutes in Bank Alley.
The affidavits of several other persons detail many similar facts, only slightly varying the possible dates of their occurrence, but all of them disclose the two Brown girls, or “the two Brownies,” as they were sometimes called, as conspicuous figures in that city then.
The declaration of two or three of the affiants is to the effect that “the Brown girls” were not identical with Fanny Smith and Mrs. McCormack, who were in California in Í850 and 1852, though they, at the same time, identify Fanny Brown with Fanny Sweet of New Orleans in 1856 and 1858.
But, accepting- all these as the strictly truthful declarations of the witnesses, and for the purposes of the motion, considering same as part of the évidence on the principal issue in the case, the identity of Rachel Fanny Brown as the deceased, what is the correct conclusion to be deduced therefrom ?
In our opinion, the conclusion at which we first arrived is not thereby materially altered. For they are perfectly consistent with the evidence in the record with regard to the lives and characters of “the Brown girls,” and particularly of that of Rachel Fanny Brown, but in *151one important particular they make a new disclosure to the effect that Rachel Fanny Brown resided in the vicinity pf her childhood’s home in 1844 and 1845, and a part of 3846 — a period of time during which she had not been theretofore accounted for by any of the witnesses.
They further definitely disclose the fact that in the latter part .of 1845, or the early part of 1846, she discontinued her employment as a chambermaid at the Chapman House, at Guyandotte, Virginia, and returned to Cincinnati. That statement more closely connects Fanny Brown with the character of Fanny Seymour in June, 1846, than the testimony of the witnesses had done, but it is no way inconsistent therewith.
On the contrary, it makes it all the more probable that Fanny Brown made her way to New York, and thence to London, in the early part of 1846, from which latter place she was returning in June, 1846, on the Waterloo.
That statement is not inconsistent with'that of the witness, Edward Fulton, who said he knew Fanny Brown intimately in Cincinnati in 1847, and in the early part of 1848; nor that of George IT. Duval, who saw and knew her in New Orleans in 1846 — both of whom saw and knew her in California in 1850.
The statements of those affiants, and the evidence of the witnesses, are generally consistant, with the exception of some minor details.
And inasmuch as our conclusion, is that if those various persons were interrogated as witnesses, their testimony would not alter the decision we have already announced, the motion to remand should be, and the same is, refused.-
Judgment affirmed.
The Chief Justice takes no part in this opinion, not having heard the argument.