Court Opinion

ID: 2699874
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-04 18:10:47.427684+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:51:55.935357
License: Public Domain

[Cite as In re Adoption of A.A.C., 2011-Ohio-5609.]

                                       COURT OF APPEALS
                                   MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO
                                   FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

                                                              JUDGES:
IN THE MATTER OF: THE                                 :       Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J.
ADOPTION OF A.A.C.                                    :       Hon. William B. Hoffman
                                                      :       Hon. John W. Wise, J.
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :       Case No. CT2011-0028
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :       OPINION

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING:                                  Civil appeal from the Muskingum County
                                                          Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division,
                                                          Case No. 2010-04005

JUDGMENT:                                                 Affirmed

DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY:                                   October 28, 2011

APPEARANCES:

For Mickey Wagner                                         For William R. Camp

SCOTT T. HILLIS                                           JEANETTE MOLL
HILLIS & SMALL, LLC                                       803 Market Street
825 Adair Avenue                                          Zanesville, OH 43701
Zanesville, OH 43701
[Cite as In re Adoption of A.A.C., 2011-Ohio-5609.]

Gwin, P.J.

        {¶ 1} Mickey Wagner, the natural father of A.A.C., appeals a judgment of the

Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, of Muskingum County, Ohio, which overruled

his motion to vacate the final decree of adoption allowing A.A.C.’s step-father to adopt

her. Appellant assigns two errors to the trial court:

        {¶ 2} “I. THE MUSKINGUM COUNTY PROBATE COURT COMMITTED

REVERSIBLE ERROR IN FAILING TO CONDUCT A HEARING UPON APPELLANT’S

MOTION TO VACATE THE FINAL DECREE OF ADOPTION.

        {¶ 3} “II. THE MUSKINGUM COUNTY PROBATE COURT COMMITTED

REVERSIBLE ERROR IN FAILING TO VACATE THE FINAL DECREE OF ADOPTION

AS APPELLANT’S DUE PROCESS RIGHTS TO NOTICE OF THE HEARING WERE

VIOLATED, AND THE COURT LACKED JURISDICTION.”

        {¶ 4} The record indicates the petition for step-parent adoption was filed

February 19, 2010. Service on appellant was attempted by certified mail, which was

returned unclaimed. Service was then sent by ordinary mail, which was not returned.

        {¶ 5} On April 2, 2010, the court sent appellant notice, by ordinary mail, that a

hearing would be conducted on April 26, 2010. On April 26, 2010, the court conducted

the hearing, found appellant’s consent to the adoption was not required, and entered an

interlocutory order of adoption. Appellant did not attend the hearing.

        {¶ 6} On June 4, 2010, appellant filed a motion to set aside the interlocutory

order, arguing his consent was required, because he had justifiable cause for his lack of

contact with his daughter. On June 22, 2010, the court overruled the motion to set

aside the interlocutory order.
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2011-0028                                                  3

      {¶ 7} On August 30, 2010, the probate court entered a final decree of adoption,

from which appellant appealed on September 29.          In December, 2010, this court

dismissed the appeal at appellant’s request.

      {¶ 8} On March 29, 2011, appellant filed a motion to vacate the probate court’s

judgment of adoption, urging he had not received service of the petition, or of the notice

of the April 2010 hearing. The trial court overruled the motion without a hearing, and

this appeal ensued.

      {¶ 9} Parents have a fundamental liberty interest to make decisions concerning

the care, custody and control of their children. In Re: Adoption of Masa (1986), 23 Ohio

St.3d 163, 492 N.E.2d 140, citing Santosky v. Kramer (1982), 455 U.S. 745,. 753, 102

S.Ct. 1388, 71 L.Ed.2d 599 and In Re: Baby Girl Baxter (1985), 17 Ohio St.3d 229, 479

N.E.2d 257. Any exception to the requirement of parental consent must be strictly

construed so as to protect the right of the natural parents to raise and nurture their

children. In Re: Adoption of Schoeppner (1976), 46 Ohio St.2d. 21, 345 N.E.2d 608.

                                               I.

      {¶ 10}   In his first assignment of error, appellant argues the court erred in

overruling his motion to vacate without first conducting a hearing. Appellant cites us to

the case of Miller v. Booth, Fairfield App. No. 06-CA-10, 2006-Ohio-5679, as authority

for the proposition a trial court must hold a hearing to determine whether service of

process was accomplished, if a defendant states sufficient facts to rebut a presumption

of service of process. In the case at bar, appellant submitted an affidavit in support of

his motion alleging he had not been served with the petition to adopt.
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2011-0028                                                   4

      {¶ 11}   In Miller, this court found service of process is an essential component in

the acquisition of personal jurisdiction over a party. There is a presumption of proper

service when the Civil Rules governing service are followed, but the presumption can be

rebutted by sufficient evidence. If service of process has not been accomplished, or

otherwise waived, any judgment rendered is void ab initio. In Miller, the summons and

complaint were sent by ordinary mail. The ordinary mail was never returned. Thus,

service was presumed complete.

      {¶ 12}   We note at the outset, appellant did not raise this issue in his first

motion, asking the court to set aside the interlocutory order on June 4, 2010. Appellant

raised the matter for the first time in his motion to vacate the final decree of adoption

filed March 29, 2011. Appellant cited Civ. R. 60(B) and Ohio law in his motion, but the

memorandum in support did not conform to the requirements of the Rule. Failure to

comply with Civ. R. 60 (B) is not fatal to appellant’s motion, because if a court has not

acquired personal jurisdiction over a person, any judgment it makes is void ab initio, and

Civ. R. 60(B) does not apply. Miller, supra at paragraph 17.

      {¶ 13}   Appellant’s first motion, to set aside the finding his consent was not

necessary, directly addressed the merits of the case. In it, appellant admitted he had

failed to have contact with the child for more than one year, but argued the failure was

justified under the facts of the case. Appellant explained he was prevented from contact

with the child because of a Civil Protection Order. We have found this does not

constitute justification for failure to contact, because it was the appellant’s own actions

that resulted in the need for the order. Askew v. Taylor, Stark App. No. 2004CA00184,

2004-Ohio-5504.
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2011-0028                                                    5

       {¶ 14}   Appellant’s second motion, raising the issue of personal jurisdiction,

acknowledged service was sent to the correct address. Appellant asserted his mailbox

is some distance from his home and is in a group of mailboxes, and he simply did not

receive service or notice.

       {¶ 15}   Unlike the case at bar, in the Miller case, Kevin Miller had not made an

appearance in the case, or file any pleading. We find when appellant filed his motion to

set aside the interlocutory order of adoption, he made an appearance in the case and

subjected himself to the jurisdiction of the Probate Court.

       {¶ 16}   We find the trial court did not err in not holding a hearing on the question

of service of the original petition and the notice of hearing, because appellant’s affidavit

could set out no facts challenging service of process.

       {¶ 17}   The first assignment of error is overruled.

                                                 II.

       {¶ 18}   In his second assignment of error, appellant argues the court should

have granted his motion to vacate the final decree because the court lacked jurisdiction

to enter the judgment and his due process rights have been violated. Because we find

appellant voluntarily submitted to the jurisdiction of the court, we find his due process

rights were not violated and the court had jurisdiction to enter the final decree.

       {¶ 19}   The second assignment of error is overruled.
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2011-0028                                            6

      {¶ 20}   For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas,

Probate Division, of Muskingum County, Ohio, is affirmed.

By Gwin, P.J., and Wise, J., concur;

Hoffman, J., dissents

                                            _________________________________
                                            HON. W. SCOTT GWIN

                                            _________________________________
                                            HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN

                                            _________________________________
                                            HON. JOHN W. WISE
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2011-0028                                                    7

Hoffman, J., dissenting

       {¶ 21}   I respectfully dissent from the majority opinion.

       {¶ 22}   While I agree this case is distinguishable from our previous decision in

Miller v. Booth, 2006-Ohio-5679, because Appellant did voluntarily appear in the case

sub judice. Although the trial court undisputedly had acquired personal jurisdiction over

Appellant on June 4, 2010, if not earlier, by that time the April 26, 2010 evidentiary

hearing regarding whether his consent was necessary had already taken place.

Assuming Appellant’s claim of lack of service of the Complaint and lack of notice of the

hearing is found credible, the trial court’s refusal to set aside the interlocutory order of

adoption effectively precluded Appellant from being able to contest that decision. By

the time Appellant appeared, the damage had already been done; his consent to the

adoption had been determined not to be required.

       {¶ 23}   Although I specifically disagree with the Eight District’s conclusion in

Rafalski v. Oates (1984), 17 Ohio App.3d 65, I believe Appellant’s affidavit is sufficient

to warrant a hearing on whether he received timely notice of the April 26, 2010 hearing.

That is not to say Appellant’s self serving affidavit is necessarily sufficient to overcome

the presumption of valid service in this case. As Appellee properly notes, Appellant’s

apparent receipt of the trial court’s Interlocutory Order of Adoption at the same address

may well support the conclusion Appellant’s claim of lack of service and notice is not

credible. However, I believe Appellant should be afforded an opportunity at hearing to

convince the trial court otherwise.
Muskingum County, Case No. CT2011-0028                                                8

      {¶ 24}   I would sustain Appellant’s first assignment of error and find his second

assignment of error to be premature.

                                        _____________________________________
                                        HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
[Cite as In re Adoption of A.A.C., 2011-Ohio-5609.]

            IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR MUSKINGUM COUNTY, OHIO

                                   FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

IN THE MATTER OF:
THE ADOPTION OF A.A.C.                                :
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :       JUDGMENT ENTRY
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :
                                                      :       CASE NO. CT2011-0028

    For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the judgment of

the Court of Common Pleas, Probate Division, of Muskingum County, Ohio, is affirmed.

Costs to appellant.

                                                          _________________________________
                                                          HON. W. SCOTT GWIN

                                                          _________________________________
                                                          HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN

                                                          _________________________________
                                                          HON. JOHN W. WISE