Court Opinion

ID: 7806246
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-09-05 00:15:47.559926+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:30:11.380946
License: Public Domain

NO. 12-22-00119-CV

                               IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

                  TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT

                                            TYLER, TEXAS

WAYMOND NOBLES AND TONJA                                  §        APPEAL FROM THE 123RD
HAWTHORNE,
APPELLANTS

V.                                                        §        JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT

BILL HILL OIL & GAS
PRODUCTION, ET AL,
APPELLEES                                                 §        SHELBY COUNTY, TEXAS

                                        MEMORANDUM OPINION
       Waymond Nobles and Tonja Hawthorne, appearing pro se, appeal the trial court’s denial
of their bill of review. We affirm.

                                                  BACKGROUND
       Appellants filed suit in Shelby County District Court against several parties, including
Bill Hill Oil & Gas Production, Resa Hill Wilkins, Rhetta Hill Collier, Rhonda Hill Hamilton,
and Ron Hill (Appellees). 1           Appellants asserted causes of action for trespass to try title,
temporary injunction, slander, and conspiracy to commit fraud. The lawsuit centers around
property purportedly owned by Appellants’ deceased father and an oil and gas lease. During the
course of the proceedings, Appellants filed an application for determination of heirship. The trial
court denied the motion, finding in part that it lacked jurisdiction over the application.
Appellants filed an equitable bill of review of the order denying the application for heirship. The
bill of review was set for a hearing by submission and was denied. This appeal followed.

       1
           There are twenty-one other defendants who are not parties to this appeal.

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                                                  JURISDICTION
       Appellees assert that we lack jurisdiction because there is not a final judgment.
       Generally, this Court has jurisdiction only over (1) final judgments and (2) interlocutory
orders from which an appeal is expressly authorized by statute. See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM.
CODE ANN. §§ 51.012 (West 2015), 51.014(a) (West Supp. 2021); Lehmann v. Har-Con Corp.,
39 S.W.3d 191, 195 (Tex. 2001); see also TEX. R. APP. P. 301 (providing that only one final
judgment may be rendered in a cause). Appellate jurisdiction generally exists only in cases in
which a final judgment has been rendered that disposes of all issues and parties in the case. See
Jack B. Anglin Co., Inc. v. Tipps, 842 S.W.2d 266, 268 (Tex. 1992). It is fundamental error for
an appellate court to assume jurisdiction over an interlocutory appeal when it is not expressly
authorized by statute. See New York Underwriters Ins. Co. v. Sanchez, 799 S.W.2d 677, 678–
79 (Tex. 1990).
       According to their amended notice of appeal, Appellants seek to appeal the denial of their
bill of review regarding the trial court’s denial of their application for declaration of heirship.
According to the Texas Estates Code, a judgment in a proceeding to declare heirship is final and
appealable. TEX. EST. CODE ANN. § 202.202(a) (West 2020). As such, we have jurisdiction to
hear this appeal.

                                                     WAIVER
       In their briefs, 2 Appellants list their issues as:

       1. Did the lower court prejudice the Appellants by referring to the Appellants as “you people” as
       well as refuse to follow the ruling from the appeals court which states that all heirs are included in
       fraudulent lawsuit settlements?

       2. Did the lower court prejudice the Appellants by refusing to allow the Appellants to present
       evidence in support of the Appellant’s claims and preclude the Appellant from obtaining a fair
       trial?

The argument section of their briefs does not comport with the issues listed.                          Appellants’
“argument” consists of facts that do not address the enumerated issues.
       Rule 38.1 of the Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure mandates that an appellant’s brief
must 1) state concisely all issues or points presented for review and 2) contain a clear and

       2
           Nobles and Hawthorne filed separate, identical briefs.

                                                          2
concise argument for the contentions made, with appropriate citations to authorities and to the
record. TEX. R. APP. P. 38.1(e), (h). The failure to brief, or to adequately brief, an issue by an
appellant effects a waiver of that issue on appeal.       General Servs. Comm’n v. Little-Tex
Insulation Co., Inc., 39 S.W.3d 591, 598 n.1 (Tex. 2001). Pro se litigants are held to the same
standards as licensed attorneys and must comply with all applicable laws and rules of procedure;
otherwise, pro se litigants would benefit from an unfair advantage over parties represented by
counsel. Muhammed v. Plains Pipeline, L.P., No. 12-16-00189-CV, 2017 WL 2665180, at *2
n.3 (Tex. App.—Tyler June 21, 2017, no pet.) (mem. op.); see Strange v. Cont’l Cas. Co., 126
S.W.3d 676, 677 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2004, pet. denied).               We have liberally construed
Appellants’ briefs in order to give effect to their arguments. See TEX. R. APP. P. 38.9. But it is
not our duty to review the record, research the law, and fashion a legal argument for an appellant
when he has failed to do so. Zhang v. Capital Plastic & Bags, Inc., 587 S.W.3d 82, 90 (Tex.
App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2019, pet. denied). Appellants’ briefs do not contain a clear and
concise argument and do not contain any record citations. The only citations to authority are to
the summary judgment standard, which is not applicable to this appeal. Accordingly, we hold
they have waived any alleged error on appeal.
       However, even if Appellants properly presented their arguments regarding the order
denying their application for determination of heirship and the corresponding denial of the bill of
review, the trial court did not err. Applications for a proceeding to declare heirship must be filed
in a court specified by Section 33.004 of the Texas Estates Code. TEX. EST. CODE ANN.
§ 202.005 (West 2020). Section 33.004 states that the proper venue for such a proceeding is “the
court of the county” and does not list district courts. Id. § 33.004(a) (West 2020); see 28 Tex.
Jur. 3d Decedent’s Estates § 103 (2022) (“Exclusive original jurisdiction to determine heirship is
conferred on the county court sitting in probate; state district courts have no such original
jurisdiction”). As such, the trial court was correct in finding that it lacked jurisdiction over the
order when it denied Appellants’ application.
       Based on the foregoing, we overrule Appellants’ first and second issues.

                                           DISPOSITION
       Having overruled Appellants’ two issues, we affirm the trial court’s judgment.

                                                 3
                                                              BRIAN HOYLE
                                                                 Justice

Opinion delivered August 30, 2022.
Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Hoyle, J., and Neeley, J.

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                                   COURT OF APPEALS

      TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT OF TEXAS

                                            JUDGMENT

                                           AUGUST 30, 2022

                                          NO. 12-22-00119-CV

                    WAYMOND NOBLES AND TONJA HAWTHORNE,
                                     Appellants
                                        V.
                     BILL HILL OIL & GAS PRODUCTION, ET AL,
                                     Appellees

                                 Appeal from the 123rd District Court
                         of Shelby County, Texas (Tr.Ct.No. 19CV34997)

               THIS CAUSE came to be heard on the appellate record and briefs filed herein,
and the same being considered, it is the opinion of this court that there was no error in the
judgment.
               It is therefore ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the judgment of the
court below be in all things affirmed, all costs of this appeal are assessed against the
Appellants, WAYMOND NOBLES AND TONJA HAWTHORNE, and that this decision be
certified to the court below for observance.
               Brian Hoyle, Justice.
               Panel consisted of Worthen, C.J., Hoyle, J., and Neeley, J.

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