Court Opinion

ID: 9379102
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-03-14 17:01:20.418938+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T17:16:49.100809
License: Public Domain

FILED
                           NOT FOR PUBLICATION
                                                                              MAR 14 2023
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                         MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                            U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

                            FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

ATM SHAFIQUL KHALID, Esquire, an                 No.   21-35376
individual and on behalf of similarly
situated,                                        D.C. No. 2:20-cv-00711-RAJ

              Plaintiff-Appellant,
                                                 MEMORANDUM*
 v.

CITRIX SYSTEMS, INC., John Doe n,

              Defendant-Appellee.

                    Appeal from the United States District Court
                      for the Western District of Washington
                    Richard A. Jones, District Judge, Presiding

                            Submitted March 10, 2023**
                             San Francisco, California

Before: HAWKINS, S.R. THOMAS, and McKEOWN, Circuit Judges.

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
      ATM Shafiqul Khalid appeals pro se the district court’s dismissal of his

action against Citrix Systems, Inc. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291.

We review de novo the district court’s dismissal for failure to state a claim under

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). Curry v. Yelp, Inc., 875 F.3d 1219, 1224

(9th Cir. 2017). We affirm the district court’s judgment.

      The district court properly dismissed Counts 2, 5, 9, and 10 as barred by res

judicata under Washington law in light of Khalid’s prior state court suit against

Citrix. See Hardwick v. County of Orange, 980 F.3d 733, 740 (9th Cir. 2020)

(federal court looks to state preclusion law); Afoa v. Port of Seattle, 421 P.3d 903,

914 (Wash. 2018) (requirements for res judicata).

      The district court correctly concluded that Khalid failed to state a claim of

price discrimination or exclusive dealing under the Clayton Act premised on

Citrix’s alleged wrongful claim to ownership of Khalid’s patents. See Aerotec

Int’l, Inc. v. Honeywell Int’l, Inc., 836 F.3d 1171, 1187 (9th Cir. 2016) (price

discrimination); Allied Orthopedic Appliances, Inc. v. Tyco Health Care Grp. LP,

592 F.3d 991, 996 (9th Cir. 2010) (exclusive dealing).

      The district court correctly concluded that Khalid failed to state a claim for

attempted monopolization under Sherman Act § 2. See Optronic Techs., Inc. v.

Ningbo Sunny Elec. Co., 20 F.4th 466, 481–82 (9th Cir. 2021) (elements of claim);

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see also Ill. Tool Works, Inc. v. Indep. Ink, Inc., 547 U.S. 28, 41–43 & n.4 (2006)

(market power is not presumed from the mere fact that one holds a patent).

      The district court correctly concluded that Khalid failed to state a forced

labor claim under the Trafficking Victims Protection Act because he did not

plausibly allege Citrix attempted to coerce him into providing labor. See 18 U.S.C.

§ 1589.

      The district court correctly concluded that Khalid’s civil rights claims are

barred by the three-year statute of limitations. See Boston v. Kitsap County, 852

F.3d 1182, 1185 (9th Cir. 2017) (three-year statute of limitations for § 1983 claims

in Washington); McDougal v. County of Imperial, 942 F.2d 668, 673–74 (9th Cir.

1991) (statute of limitations for § 1985(3) claims is the same as for § 1983 claims).

      Citrix’s request for sanctions under Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 38

is denied.

      AFFIRMED.

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