Court Opinion

ID: 3062840
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-14 20:52:26.125604+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:34:34.125677
License: Public Domain

[DO NOT PUBLISH]

                 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                       FILED
                          FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUITU.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                            ________________________ ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
                                                                    MAY 24, 2010
                                   No. 09-13329                      JOHN LEY
                               Non-Argument Calendar                   CLERK
                             ________________________

                       D. C. Docket No. 07-01739-CV-WSD-1

TONJI WHITE,

                                                                Plaintiff-Appellant,

                                       versus

STATE OF GEORGIA,
SONNY PERDUE,
in his capacity as Governor
of the State of Georgia, et al.,

                                                                          Defendants,

S. KELLMAN,

                                                               Defendant-Appellee.

                             ________________________

                     Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Northern District of Georgia
                          _________________________

                                   (May 24, 2010)
Before TJOFLAT, EDMONDSON and BIRCH, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM:

       Tonji White brought this civil rights action against Officer Stuart Kellman of

the Atlanta Police Department, a Georgia State Patrol officer, and three other law

enforcement officers seeking damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for the injuries she

received during her arrest—after a high speed vehicular chase—for automobile

theft, criminal trespass, and obstructing an emergency medical technician on

August 27, 2005. White alleged that her injuries—she claimed to have been shot

in the buttocks—were caused by the use of excessive force by one or more of the

officers in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments.1 After the parties

joined issue and engaged in discovery, Kellman moved the court for summary

judgment.2 The district court granted the motion, and White appeals, arguing that

summary judgment should not have been granted because there existed genuine

issues of material fact regarding whether Kellman shot her during her arrest.3

       1
          In addition to her constitutional claim, White’s complaint contains state law claims for
assault and battery and intentional infliction of emotional distress. White was represented by
counsel when she brought this action. Counsel subsequently obtained leave of court to
withdraw; White has proceeded pro se since then.
       2
           White also moved the court for summary judgment.
       3
         White also argues in passing that her Fourteenth Amendment rights were violated when
a Georgia State Patrol trooper failed to protect her from the gunshot, and that her arrest was
unlawful because she was not read her rights as required by the Fourth Amendment. We decline
to address these additional arguments, however, because White raised them for the first time on
appeal. See Access Now, Inc. v. Southwest Airlines Co., 385 F.3d 1324, 1331 (11th Cir. 2004)

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       The district court granted Kellman summary judgment because the

overwhelming evidence, though contradicted in part by White’s testimony,

established that Kellman, who arrived on the scene after White had been arrested

and handcuffed, did not shoot White—in fact, the overwhelming evidence,

including uncontradicted medical testimony, is that she was not shot at all. It is

settled law that where the record tells two different stories, one blatantly

contradicted by the evidence, the court is not required to adopt that version of the

facts when ruling on summary judgment. Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380, 127

S.Ct. 1769, 1776 (2007) (holding that the district court should not have relied on a

version of events “utterly discredited” by an uncontested videotape, but “should

have viewed the facts in the light depicted in the videotape”). After reviewing the

record in this case, we are satisfied that the district court ruled correctly.

       The district court order granting Kellman summary judgment sets out the

facts that led to this lawsuit against Kellman, and explains in a thoroughgoing way

why White’s claim that Kellman shot her was completely contradicted by the

evidence.

             In the early morning hours of August 27, 2005, Plaintiff was
       driving a white Chevrolet pickup truck in Atlanta, Georgia. Law

(holding that “an issue not raised in the district court and raised for the first time in an appeal
will not be considered by this [C]ourt”).

                                                   3
enforcement officers on a routine patrol identified the truck Plaintiff
was driving as one which was reported stolen the previous day. . . .
Officers from the Georgia State Patrol and the Atlanta Police
Department pursued Plaintiff as she drove the stolen truck. Despite
several police cruisers following her and after repeated use of flashing
lights and sirens, Plaintiff refused to halt for law enforcement officers.
Video footage of this chase taken from inside four Georgia State
Patrol cruisers shows Plaintiff leading what appears to be at least five
police cars on a high-speed chase through downtown Atlanta. . . .
Offers repeatedly used their vehicles to try to force Plaintiff to slow
down and pull over, at times crashing into the rear of the truck.
Plaintiff at one point turned the truck around on Interstate 20 and
began driving at high speed down the opposing side, toward
oncoming traffic. The Court’s review of the chase footage reveals at
least two instances where oncoming cars were forced to swerve
quickly out of Plaintiff’s way to avoid a head-on collision at highway
speeds. Plaintiff’s actions risked the lives of other motorists and law
enforcement agents. . . . Plaintiff eventually exited Interstate 20 and
continued leading law enforcement officers on a high-speed chase
through Atlanta, at one point driving off-road through the fence of a
daycare center. Plaintiff lost control of the vehicle, without any
contact by law enforcement vehicles, and crashed into a utility pole.
Plaintiff locked herself in the truck and refused to exit the vehicle.
Law enforcement officers forcibly removed Plaintiff from the truck.
The video footage shows one officer breaking the truck’s driver’s side
window with a metal rod. . . .
       This action hinges on two determinations. First, whether there
is a genuine dispute of fact where the record tells two different stories
and where one of them is blatantly contradicted by the evidence. The
primary issue in this case is whether Plaintiff’s version of events of
her arrest on August 27, 2005, which is supported in part by medical
records, is blatantly contradicted by the facts developed by Kellman,
which directly contradicts Plaintiff’s testimony that she was shot and
offers testimony of the attending physician who examined Plaintiff
after her arrest and who now states conclusively that her injuries
where not caused by a gunshot. The second question is whether the
force used by law enforcement in effecting Plaintiff’s arrest was
excessive. The Court concludes [Plaintiff’s testimony] that she was

                                    4
shot by defendant Kellman is blatantly contradicted by the other
evidence of record and there is no genuine factual dispute. . . . The
Court is not required . . . to accept allegations which are completely
unsupported by the record. “When opposing parties tell two different
stories, one of which is blatantly contradicted by the record, so that no
reasonable jury could believe it, a court should not adopt that version
of the facts for purposes of ruling on a motion for summary
judgment.” Scott, 550 U.S. at 380. The party opposing summary
judgment “‘must do more than simply show that there is some
metaphysical doubt as to the material facts . . . . Where the record
taken as a whole could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the
nonmoving party, there is no genuine issue for trial.’” Id.

The judgment of the district court is

AFFIRMED.

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