Court Opinion

ID: 4649699
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-01-07 17:02:03.155034+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:01:27.098969
License: Public Domain

NOTICE: NOT FOR OFFICIAL PUBLICATION.
  UNDER ARIZONA RULE OF THE SUPREME COURT 111(c), THIS DECISION IS NOT PRECEDENTIAL
                  AND MAY BE CITED ONLY AS AUTHORIZED BY RULE.

                                     IN THE
              ARIZONA COURT OF APPEALS
                                 DIVISION ONE

                   TERESA HOEVELER, Plaintiff/Appellant,

                                         v.

              ARIZONA ASSOCIATES IN DERMATOLOGY
             & COSMETIC SURGERY LLC, Defendant/Appellee.

                              No. 1 CA-CV 20-0120
                                FILED 1-7-2021

            Appeal from the Superior Court in Yavapai County
                        No. P1300CV201800921
                The Honorable Krista M. Carman, Judge

                                   AFFIRMED

                                    COUNSEL

Horne Slaton, PLLC, Scottsdale
By Thomas C. Horne
Counsel for Plaintiff/Appellant

Gammage & Burnham, PLC, Phoenix
By David A. Selden, Julie A. Pace, Heidi Nunn-Gilman,
Melissa Posner Jarrett
Counsel for Defendant/Appellee
                   HOEVELER v. AZ DERMATOLOGY
                        Decision of the Court

                      MEMORANDUM DECISION

Judge David D. Weinzweig delivered the decision of the Court, in which
Presiding Judge Samuel A. Thumma and Judge D. Steven Williams joined.

W E I N Z W E I G, Judge:

¶1          Teresa Hoeveler appeals the superior court’s grant of
summary judgment for Arizona Associates in Dermatology & Cosmetic
Surgery, LLC dba Arizona Dermatology Group (“ADG”). We affirm.

             FACTS AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

¶2            ADG provides medical, surgical and cosmetic dermatology
services in Prescott Valley, Prescott and Cottonwood offices. Michael
Howe and Dr. Ray Johnson co-owned the practice until Dr. Johnson
acquired the entire business toward the end of April 2018. Hoeveler joined
ADG as Practice Manager in 2014 and was promoted to Director of
Operations in 2015, which required her to supervise the front office and
non-medical staff, manage the business and order supplies. She reported
to Howe and Johnson.

¶3           On Wednesday, April 11, 2018, Hoeveler met an ADG
employee to discuss job performance issues at the Prescott Valley office.
After the meeting, the employee called Dr. Johnson to complain about
Hoeveler’s conduct, which she described as abusive and intimidating.

¶4             By that time, Dr. Johnson had received other complaints
about Hoeveler. Dr. Johnson called Hoeveler at lunchtime “to inform her
of the transfer [to a business administrator position] and that she would no
longer be supervising employees,” but her salary would remain
unchanged. She did not accept or reject the transfer. After the call,
Hoeveler left work. About 20 minutes later, Hoeveler called Johnson, upset
and crying. She said, “I can’t accept anything at this time. I think I’m
having a heart attack.” Hoeveler later explained that she believed she was
terminated, despite Howe and Johnson’s contrary assurances.

¶5            Two days later, on April 13, Hoeveler told Howe she would
be visiting a doctor after the weekend. She later texted Howe, saying she
would use paid sick leave and attached a doctor’s note directing her to take
a week off.

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                   HOEVELER v. AZ DERMATOLOGY
                        Decision of the Court

¶6            Hoeveler emailed Dr. Johnson on April 19. She purported to
“list” several facts, including that (1) she was “[i]nformed [she was] no
longer the manager/practice manager,” (2) “[a]ll locks on all three practice
locations were changed,” (3) “[m]y entire office has been boxed down and
set by the door,” and (4) “[a]fter an extremely hysterical phone call with
[Dr.] Johnson[,] he has never reached out to me again [or] inquired about
my health.”

¶7           Dr. Johnson emailed Hoeveler back on April 23, sharing his
version and assessment of events:

     I spoke with you over the phone on Wednesday, April 11 during
     the lunch hour. I informed you that I was changing your
     position at ADG to business administrator not Director of
     Operations or “office manager.” Your position as business
     administrator would not involve direct supervision of
     employees. We briefly discussed the reasoning for this change.
     I did not terminate your employment with ADG. At that time,
     you acknowledged your understanding of our discussion.

     Within 30 minutes you called me back and said that you were
     not accepting any changed position with ADG and also stated
     that you were not feeling well and were going to seek medical
     attention. You did not contact me again on April 11, 12, 13, 14,
     15, or 16. By the end of the day on April 16, a total of five days
     had passed including three consecutive scheduled work days
     with no contact from you or anyone representing you.

                                    ***

     After waiting another scheduled work day with no contact from
     you, combined with your previous statement that you were not
     accepting any changed position with ADG, I concluded that you
     had voluntarily resigned from your job with ADG.

¶8             Dr. Johnson also cited the “current ADG employee
handbook,” which directs that “any employee who is absent from work for
three or more consecutive scheduled work days and fails to provide notice
will be considered to have voluntarily resigned from his/her employment
and is not eligible for rehiring.”

¶9           Hoeveler never responded to Dr. Johnson’s email and instead
retained an attorney who demanded that Hoeveler be reinstated to her
former position of Director of Operations. ADG responded through

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                    HOEVELER v. AZ DERMATOLOGY
                         Decision of the Court

counsel on April 26, explaining that Hoeveler had “refused her position and
resigned,” “continued to refuse to accept the business administration
position,” and instead “insisted that she be returned to her previous
position.” Despite the acrimony, Dr. Johnson reinvited Hoeveler to remain
at ADG, “giving her one more opportunity” in a business administration
position. She declined four days later.

¶10           Hoeveler sued ADG for retaliation under A.R.S. § 23-364. She
alleged that ADG terminated her because she used accrued paid sick leave.
ADG answered. After discovery, ADG moved for summary judgment.
Hoeveler countered that summary judgment was improper because
“[r]easonable minds could draw different inferences, based on evidence, as
to whether [Hoeveler] was terminated by ADG or whether [Hoeveler]
abandoned her position with ADG.” The court granted ADG’s motion for
summary judgment, finding that Hoeveler had “abandoned her
employment prior and she had no intention of returning to ADG in the only
position that was offered to her.” Hoeveler timely appealed. We have
jurisdiction. See A.R.S. § 12-2101(A).

                               DISCUSSION

¶11            Hoeveler contends the superior court erroneously granted
summary judgment for ADG on her retaliation claim because there are
genuine issues of material fact as to whether ADG terminated her in
retaliation for using earned paid sick leave in violation of A.R.S. § 23-364(B).

¶12           Summary judgment is appropriate when “there is no genuine
dispute as to any material fact and the moving party is entitled to a
judgment as a matter of law.” Ariz. R. Civ. P. 56(a). “We review de novo a
grant of summary judgment, viewing the evidence and reasonable
inferences in the light most favorable to the party opposing the motion.”
Andrews v. Blake, 205 Ariz. 236, 240, ¶ 12 (2003). A moving party is entitled
to summary judgment “if the facts produced in support of the [non-
movant’s] claim or defense have so little probative value, given the
quantum of evidence required, that reasonable people could not agree with
the conclusion advanced by the proponent of the claim or defense. Id. at
¶ 13. A plaintiff bears the burden of showing available, competent evidence
that would justify a trial once the defendant establishes it is entitled to
summary judgment. Ulibarri v. Gerstenberger, 178 Ariz. 151, 156 (App. 1993).
We may affirm the superior court’s grant of summary judgment if it is
correct for any reason. Rowland v. Great States Ins. Co., 199 Ariz. 577, 581,
¶ 6 (App. 2001).

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                   HOEVELER v. AZ DERMATOLOGY
                        Decision of the Court

      A.     Retaliation Claim

¶13           Arizona law prohibits an employer from retaliating against
an employee for exercising certain guaranteed rights, including for using
earned paid sick time. A.R.S. §§ 23-364(B), -374(A), (B). An employee
“injured by a violation” of the statute has a private right of action against
an employer. A.R.S. § 23-364(E), (H). Retaliation includes “any threat,
discharge, suspension, demotion, reduction of hours, or any other adverse
action against an employee for the exercise of any right guaranteed.” Id.
(B). The statute recognizes a presumption of retaliation if adverse action is
taken “against a person within ninety days of a person’s engaging” in the
protected right. Id. The burden then shifts to the employer to rebut the
presumption with “clear and convincing evidence that such action was
taken for other permissible reasons.” Id.

¶14          As applied here, the summary judgment record reveals that
Hoeveler was discharged within 90 days of exercising paid sick leave and
was therefore entitled to a presumption of retaliation. The burden then
shifted to ADG to rebut the presumption with “clear and convincing
evidence that such action was taken for other permissible reasons.” Id.

¶15           ADG met its burden here.              ADG offered emails,
contemporaneous documents and deposition testimony that Hoeveler was
discharged for “permissible reasons,” including (1) the complaint about her
treatment of employees, and (2) her failure to respond for nearly two weeks
to ADG’s proposed reassignment at the same salary. Hoeveler never
disputed these facts, which offered legitimate grounds for her dismissal.
Hoeveler presented no evidence or argument to prove retaliation. Indeed,
Hoeveler only argued that summary judgment was improper based on
disputed issues of fact about “whether [she] was terminated by ADG or
whether [she] abandoned her position with ADG.”

¶16           Hoeveler now contends her deposition testimony “should
[have been] sufficient to preclude summary judgment regardless of what
the burden of proof is.” Not so. Hoeveler only testified about the timing of
her decision to take sick leave and ADG’s discharge, which entitled her to
a presumption of retaliation. Her deposition testimony does not challenge
the permissible rationale for her discharge. Because the record did not
create a material issue of fact over the reasons for Hoeveler’s discharge, we
affirm.

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                   HOEVELER v. AZ DERMATOLOGY
                        Decision of the Court

       B.     Attorney Fees

¶17            ADG seeks an award of reasonable attorney fees on appeal
under A.R.S. § 12-341.01, but Hoeveler sued for retaliation under A.R.S. §
23-364, which only permits an award of fees and costs to the “prevailing
plaintiff.” A.R.S. § 23-364(G). Section 12-341.01 “does not apply to purely
statutory causes of action.” Hanley v. Pearson, 204 Ariz. 147, 151, ¶ 17 (App.
2003). We thus decline ADG’s fee request. As the successful party on
appeal, however, ADG is entitled to costs upon compliance with Arizona
Rule of Civil Appellate Procedure 21.

                               CONCLUSION

¶18           We affirm the superior court’s entry of summary judgment
for ADG.

                           AMY M. WOOD • Clerk of the Court
                           FILED: AA

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