Court Opinion

ID: 6320340
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-03-04 21:06:15.502532+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:02:18.854696
License: Public Domain

If this opinion indicates that it is “FOR PUBLICATION,” it is subject to
                 revision until final publication in the Michigan Appeals Reports.

                          STATE OF MICHIGAN

                            COURT OF APPEALS

PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN,                                     UNPUBLISHED
                                                                     November 9, 2021
               Plaintiff-Appellee,

v                                                                    No. 354402
                                                                     Wayne Circuit Court
LEONARD LA DUPLESSIS, JR.,                                           LC No. 19-005327-01-FH

               Defendant-Appellant.

PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN,

               Plaintiff-Appellee,

v                                                                    No. 356491
                                                                     Wayne Circuit Court
LEONARD LA DUPLESSIS, JR.,                                           LC No. 19-005953-01-FC

               Defendant-Appellant.

Before: GLEICHER, P.J., and K. F. KELLY and RONAYNE KRAUSE, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

       In a consolidated lower court trial, a jury convicted Leonard Duplessis, Jr., of several
weapons possession charges stemming from a July 7, 2019 shooting and from his possession of a
weapon at the time of his July 9, 2019 arrest. The court instructed the jury that it could acquit
Duplessis of several assault charges if it determined that he acted in self-defense. The jury
accepted that invitation and acquitted Duplessis of all assault and possession of a firearm during
the commission of a felony (felony-firearm) charges arising from the July 7 events. Duplessis now
challenges the trial court’s refusal to give a self-defense instruction in relation to his felon-in-
possession and carrying a concealed weapon (CCW) charges. Duplessis waived any claim of error.
We affirm.

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                                         I. BACKGROUND

       On July 4, 2019, someone drove past Duplessis’s sister’s home and shot his mother. Based
on the description of the vehicle, Duplessis suspected that Marshon Sturner was involved.
Duplessis testified that three days later, Sturner summoned him to a “meeting” in a distant
neighborhood. Sturner denied issuing any such summons. In any event, Duplessis brought a
firearm in the center console of his vehicle. When Duplessis drove up, Sturner and his girlfriend
were standing with an auto mechanic near his girlfriend’s disabled vehicle. A third vehicle
approached the scene. Duplessis alleged that someone shot at him from that vehicle. Believing
he was being ambushed, Duplessis returned fire and then fled the scene.

       Two days later, on July 9, officers arrested Duplessis. The officers found Duplessis
sleeping in his car in the driveway of his sister’s house. His firearm was still in the car. Duplessis
explained that he was sleeping in the driveway with his firearm to protect his family from further
violence.

        In connection with the July 7 shooting, the prosecutor charged Duplessis with three counts
of assault with intent to murder, three counts of assault with intent to do great bodily harm, carrying
a dangerous weapon with unlawful intent, felon in possession of a weapon, CCW, and eight counts
of felony-firearm. In connection with his July 9 arrest, the prosecutor charged Duplessis with one
count each of CCW, felon-in-possession, and felony-firearm.

        At the close of the state’s case-in-chief, the parties discussed the proposed jury instructions.
Defense counsel indicated, “Judge, I would be asking for the self-defense instruction.” The court
ruled that there was no factual support to give a self-defense instruction at that point. Duplessis
then took the stand and testified in his own behalf.

        Defense counsel thereafter renewed her request for a self-defense instruction. The
prosecutor agreed that the instruction was warranted, but argued that self-defense was not a defense
to the CCW charges. The court ruled:

                Well, here’s the issue, obviously for most of these charges, assault with
        intent to murder, assault with intent to commit great bodily harm less than murder.
        There’s gonna be a valid self-defense instruction. For the felon in possession of a
        firearm and the felony firearm attached to that as well as the CCW, actually I
        believe the case [is] Dupree . . . . There’s a People v Dupree which is very limited
        [instance] where a felon in possession of a firearm self-defense is valid. That is not
        - - obviously the evidence didn’t show any type of self-defense claim for felon in
        possession of a firearm or felony firearm attached to that CCW but for the other
        charges and allegations there would be a self-defense instruction.

The court then asked, “Everybody understand that and agree with that?” Defense counsel
expressly agreed, “Yes, Your Honor.”

        The court proceeded to instruct the jury on the elements of self-defense immediately after
instructing the jury on the elements of the assault charges. The court informed the jury:

                                                  -2-
              Now, ladies and gentlemen, this self-defense instruction does not apply to
       the remaining charges. . . . [T]he instruction that I’m about to read applies only
       with the assault with intent to murder allegation . . . and assault with intent to
       commit great bodily harm less than murder count. It doesn’t apply to the other
       [counts].

        During deliberations, the jury submitted several questions to the court. The court brought
the jurors into the courtroom and, relevant to the issue on appeal, instructed:

       And once again as I indicated previously that for the assault with intent to murder
       and assault with intent to do great bodily harm less than murder charge there is a
       claim by Mr. Duplessis that he acted in lawful self-defense. It’s the prosecutor’s
       burden to prove that Mr. Duplessis did act - - did not act in lawful self-defense. It’s
       not Mr. Duplessis’s burden to prove that he acted in lawful self-defense, it’s the
       prosecutor’s burden that he did not act, to prove that he did not act in lawful self-
       defense beyond a reasonable doubt. And if you find that the prosecutor has not
       proven that you must find on those charges the defendant not guilty on the assault
       with intent to murder and assault with intent to commit great bodily harm less than
       murder. People and defense agree with that?

Both parties expressly indicated that they agreed.

        Ultimately, the jury convicted Duplessis of all three weapons charges arising from his July
9 arrest. The jury acquitted Duplessis of all six assault charges and eight felony-firearm charges
arising from the July 7 shooting, but convicted him of felon-in-possession and CCW.

                                          II. ANALYSIS

       As noted, Duplessis challenges the trial court’s limitation of the self-defense instruction to
his assault charges. We may not consider the merits of Duplessis’s challenge, however, as
Duplessis waived any claim of error.

       “[W]aiver is the ‘intentional relinquishment or abandonment of a known right.’ ” People
v Carines, 460 Mich 750, 762-763 n 7; 597 NW2d 130 (1999), quoting United States v Olano, 507
US 725, 733; 113 S Ct 1770; 123 L Ed 2d 508 (1993). “One who waives his rights under a rule
may not then seek appellate review of a claimed deprivation of those rights, for his waiver has
extinguished any error.” People v Carter, 462 Mich 206, 215; 612 NW2d 144 (2000) (quotation
marks and citation omitted). A defendant waives a challenge of error on appeal when his or her
counsel expressly approves the trial court’s ruling below. Id. By contrast, if counsel simply does
not object, the error is deemed forfeited and is reviewed by this Court, but under the plain-error
standard of review. Id.; People v Hershey, 303 Mich App 330, 349; 844 NW2d 127 (2013).
Expressly approving a court’s jury instructions waives “any objection to the erroneous instructions,
and there is no error to review.” People v Kowalski, 489 Mich 488, 504; 803 NW2d 200 (2011).

                                                -3-
        Duplessis waived any claim of error regarding the self-defense instruction when his
counsel expressly stated that she agreed with the court’s ruling. There is no error for this Court to
review.

       We affirm.

                                                              /s/ Elizabeth L. Gleicher
                                                              /s/ Kirsten Frank Kelly
                                                              /s/ Amy Ronayne Krause

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