Court Opinion

ID: 9736963
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-26 19:11:06.490078+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T07:23:55.720755
License: Public Domain

Archer, J.
(concurring). I have signed Justice Boyle’s opinion because I consider the "totality of circumstances” approach toward the defendant’s waiver of his right to counsel to encompass the factors listed within Chief Justice Williams’ separate opinion in People v Leonard, 421 Mich 207, 224; 364 NW2d 625 (1984).
Finally, I note that the waiver form defendant signed on November 10, 1983, at 9:48 a.m., contained the following language:
I understand that the polygraph test and the questioning, before and after, cannot be conducted with a lawyer actually present in the examination room, and I am willing to waive his/her presence. However, I fully understand that I have the right *279to talk with and have the assistance of a lawyer at any time during the polygraph test or questioning and that I may stop the test or questioning at any time and exercise that right.