Court Opinion

ID: 9962445
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2024-04-23 17:01:00.962203+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:20:53.673265
License: Public Domain

NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                                 ____________

                                       No. 22-3113
                                       ___________

                            UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

                                             v.

                                  MICHEL CERCONE,
                                            Appellant
                                    ____________

                     On Appeal from the United States District Court
                        for the Western District of Pennsylvania
                              (D.C. No. 2-19-cr-00008-005)
                      District Judge: Honorable J. Nicholas Ranjan
                                      ____________

                      Submitted Under Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a)
                                    April 18, 2024

              Before: HARDIMAN, SMITH, and FISHER, Circuit Judges.

                                  (Filed: April 23, 2024)

                                      ____________

                                        OPINION *
                                      ____________

*
 This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
HARDIMAN, Circuit Judge.

       Michel Cercone appeals her judgment of sentence, claiming the District Court

erred in calculating the total drug weight for which she was responsible under the United

States Sentencing Guidelines. We will affirm.

                                              I

       From 2017 to 2019, Cercone participated in an extensive drug-trafficking

organization in western Pennsylvania led by Noah Landfried. Cercone helped Landfried

distribute cocaine, oxycodone, and K2. A licensed realtor, Cercone also helped Landfried

purchase residential properties using drug proceeds. After a federal investigation

uncovered evidence of Cercone’s role in Landfried’s criminal enterprise, she was indicted

for conspiracy to distribute and possess with intent to distribute Schedule I, II, and III

controlled substances in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 846. She was also charged with

conspiracy to commit money laundering in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h).

       In December 2021, Cercone was tried before a jury along with Landfried and

Anthony Smith, another co-conspirator. The jury convicted Cercone on both counts

alleged against her in the superseding indictment.

       At sentencing, Cercone objected to the drug-quantity calculation of 1,197.6

kilograms of converted drug weight in the Presentence Investigation Report, arguing that

it relied on “factual[ly] unsupported conclusion[s]” and “fail[ed] to provide sufficient

indicia of reliability.” App. 175. Following an evidentiary hearing, in which the

Government introduced various statements made by Cercone during proffer sessions, as

well as written submissions by both parties, the District Court overruled Cercone’s

                                              2
objection:

       During her proffer interviews, Ms. Cercone admitted that she received five
       kilograms of cocaine from Mr. Landfried at a cost of $34,000 for each
       kilogram. She also admitted that she later sold those kilograms to someone
       named John Burns. These admissions were corroborated by testimony from
       [James] Perry. He testified at trial that he “picked up around $64,000”
       from Ms. Cercone as payment for cocaine that Mr. Landfried had supplied
       her. And they were also corroborated by [Joseph] Evans’s testimony that he
       knew that Ms. Cercone was involved in cocaine trafficking and that he
       discussed cocaine pricing with her.

United States v. Landfried, 2022 WL 3370041, at *7 (W.D. Pa. Aug. 16, 2022) (emphasis

added) (citations omitted). Sustaining the drug-quantity calculation of 1,000 to 3,000

kilograms of converted drug weight yielded a base offense level of 30 under U.S.S.G.

§ 2D1.1(c)(5). Various enhancements resulted in a total offense level of 34. When

combined with a criminal history category of I, Cercone’s advisory Guidelines range was

151 to 188 months’ imprisonment. The District Court sentenced her to 151 months’

imprisonment followed by 4 years’ supervised release. Cercone timely appealed, 1

challenging only her sentence.

                                            II

       Cercone primarily argues that the District Court improperly considered her proffer

statements at sentencing because her agreement prohibited the Government from

introducing these statements unless Cercone “present[ed] a position contrary to the

proffer through witness testimony or through written or oral argument by counsel.” ECF

No. 42-2, at 3. But testimony from two of her co-conspirators, Perry and Evans, suffices

1
 The District Court had jurisdiction under 18 U.S.C. § 3231. We have jurisdiction under
28 U.S.C. § 1291 and 18 U.S.C. § 3742.
                                            3
to attribute five kilograms 2 of cocaine to Cercone. So any error as to the proffer

statements would be harmless. 3 See United States v. Lewis, 802 F.3d 449, 456 (3d Cir.

2015).

         The District Court favorably assessed Perry’s testimony, see Landfried, 2022 WL

3370041, at *7, which is “entitled to great deference at the appellate level,” United States

v. Givan, 320 F.3d 452, 464 (3d Cir. 2003) (citation omitted). Perry testified that he

personally delivered one kilogram of cocaine to Cercone. App. 432–33. He also testified

that he had attended a meeting with Cercone, Landfried, and Christopher Gahagan, one of

Cercone’s cousins, to discuss four more kilograms of cocaine that Gahagan had received

from Landfried without providing payment. App. 436–39; see United States v. Collado,

2
  In its verdict, the jury attributed “500 grams or more but less than 5 kilograms” of
cocaine to Cercone. App. 1375. The District Court’s drug-quantity determination at
sentencing does not contradict the verdict, as such a finding need only be supported by a
preponderance of the evidence. See United States v. Jimenez, 513 F.3d 62, 88 (3d Cir.
2008). See also United States v. Freeman, 763 F.3d 322, 335 (3d Cir. 2014) (“While the
Supreme Court [has] made clear that any fact that increases a defendant’s statutory
minimum sentence must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt, this rule does not
foreclose a district court’s ability to engage in some judicial factfinding.”) (citing Alleyne
v. United States, 570 U.S. 99, 107–08 (2013)).
3
  Cercone’s inquiry concerning the sufficiency of the evidence for the District Court’s
drug-quantity calculation did not constitute the taking of a position contrary to her earlier
proffer. Instead, Cercone did no more than ask the Government to explain how it met its
burden of proving drug weight. See App. 175–76 (“The information set forth in the
PSR . . . fails to provide sufficient indicia of reliability to support the conclusion that
Michel Cercone should be attributed a converted drug weight of 1,197.60 [k]ilograms.”).
In requesting that the Government offer such proof, Cercone was able to confirm that the
Government, as promised in the proffer agreement, had not used her statements against
her unless she had taken a position contrary to her proffer. See United States v. Araujo,
622 F.3d 854, 861–62 (7th Cir. 2010) (“A contention that the government had not carried
that burden . . . would not by itself be inconsistent with Araujo’s proffer statement.”).
                                              4
975 F.2d 985, 992 (3d Cir. 1992) (“[I]t is appropriate to hold a defendant who exhibits a

substantial degree of involvement in the conspiracy accountable for reasonably

foreseeable acts committed by a co-conspirator.”).

       Perry’s testimony was sufficiently reliable because: (1) it included “the provision

of facts and details”; (2) it was broadly corroborated by other testimony from Evans, who

recounted conversations in which he and Cercone discussed trafficking cocaine, App.

868, 872–73; and (3) Cercone cross-examined Perry on these issues, App. 506–09.

United States v. Freeman, 763 F.3d 322, 337 (3d Cir. 2014) (citations omitted). The

District Court thus did not err in its drug-quantity determination. See United States v.

Diaz, 951 F.3d 148, 159 (3d Cir. 2020).

       Because the five kilograms of cocaine attributed to Cercone alone suffice to

support a base offense level of 30, 4 we need not address Cercone’s challenges to the

District Court’s other drug-quantity calculations, as any errors that may have been made

as to those calculations would be harmless as well. See Diaz, 951 F.3d at 159.

                                      *      *       *

       For the reasons stated, we will affirm the judgment of the District Court.

4
  Applying U.S.S.G. § 2D1.1, cmt. n.8(D), 1 gram of cocaine equals 200 grams of
converted drug weight, so 5 kilograms of cocaine equals 1,000 kilograms of converted
drug weight—a quantity within the range of 1,000 to 3,000 kilograms for a base offense
level of 30 under U.S.S.G. § 2D1.1(c)(5).
                                             5