Court Opinion

ID: 2701230
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-08-04 19:30:49.537998+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:53:40.313696
License: Public Domain

[Cite as Ameritech Publishing, Inc. v. Mayfield, 2011-Ohio-2971.]
                            STATE OF OHIO, MAHONING COUNTY

                                   IN THE COURT OF APPEALS

                                        SEVENTH DISTRICT

AMERITECH PUBLISHING, INC.,   )
                              )                            CASE NO. 10 MA 27
     PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE,      )
                              )
     - VS -                   )                                     OPINION
                              )
DAVE MAYFIELD, DBA ABSOLUTELY )
AWESOME BAIL AGENCY,          )
                              )
     DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.     )

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDINGS:                                  Civil Appeal from Common Pleas
                                                           Court, Case No. 07 CV 3012.

JUDGMENT:                                                  Affirmed.

APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee:                                    Attorney Caroline H. Gentry
                                                           Attorney Sheena L. Little
                                                           Attorney Brodie M. Butland
                                                           Porter, Wright, Morris &
                                                           Arthur, LLP
                                                           One South Main Street
                                                           Suite 1600
                                                           Dayton, OH 45402-2028

For Defendant-Appellant:                                   Dave Mayfield, Pro-se
                                                           20340 N. Benton Road
                                                           North Benton, OH 44449

JUDGES:
Hon. Mary DeGenaro
Hon. Cheryl L. Waite
Hon. Joseph J. Vukovich

                                                           Dated: June 9, 2011
                                                                                       -2-

DeGenaro, J.
       {¶1}    Pro-se appellant Dave Mayfield, dba Absolutely Awesome Bail Agency,
appeals the January 19, 2010 decision of the Mahoning County Court of Common Pleas
that ruled in favor of appellee Ameritech Publishing, and awarded $64,247.41, plus
interest and costs. On appeal, Mayfield argues that the trial court's decision was
erroneous, as Ameritech had failed to prove that a valid contract existed between the
parties. Alternatively, Mayfield argues that Ameritech failed to support its claim of unjust
enrichment.
       {¶2}    The Ameritech Customer Receipts constituted an enforceable contract
between the parties, which remained in effect at the time of Ameritech's performance and
its demand for payment on the account. Therefore, the trial court's decision is affirmed.
                             Facts and Procedural History
       {¶3}    On August 16, 2007, Ameritech filed an action on account against Dave
Mayfield, dba Absolutely Awesome Bail Agency. Ameritech alleged that Mayfield had
failed to pay $64,247.91 on an account for advertising services provided by Ameritech in
2005 and 2006, in nine different Yellow Pages directories. Mayfield denied all of
Ameritech's allegations in his answer, and did not plead any defenses. Subsequent to
discovery, multiple continuances, and a failed attempt at mediation, a trial on the matter
was held before a magistrate on June 25, 2009.
       {¶4}    Mayfield appeared pro-se, and testified on his own behalf. Ameritech was
represented by counsel, and presented the testimony of Len Hanlon, an Ameritech
account executive and Deborah Miller, a customer service sales specialist. Ameritech
provided copies of five different documents from 2005 and 2006, all labeled "Ameritech
Customer Receipt," and each bearing the signature of Dave Mayfield, for advertising
services in Akron, Alliance, Barberton, Canton, Cuyahoga Falls, Massillon, Portage
County, Salem Lisbon, and Youngstown Warren. Ameritech provided copies of the
advertisements provided for Absolutely Awesome Bail Agency in various 2005 and 2006
issues of Ameritech's Yellow Pages directories for the nine different areas. Ameritech
provided copies of its invoices to Mayfield from 2004 through 2006 for the different
directories, as well as final accounting statements showing a total of $64,247.91 owed.
                                                                                                  -3-

        {¶5}    Len Hanlon testified that he had been personally responsible for
Ameritech's account with Mayfield for approximately ten years. Hanlon testified that he
communicated with Mayfield over the years via telephone and email, and that he had
personally executed the alleged contracts with Mayfield. Hanlon explained the context
and verified the validity of the five documents signed by Mayfield. Deborah Miller testified
that she was the field collector assigned by Ameritech to Mayfield's delinquent account.
Miller verified the validity of the advertisements for Absolutely Awesome Bail Agency,
Ameritech's monthly invoices that were sent to Mayfield, and Ameritech's records on
Mayfield's $64,247.91 account balance.
        {¶6}    After Ameritech rested, Mayfield testified on his own behalf, and stated that
he had never signed any contracts with Ameritech, or made any sort of agreement for any
services during 2005. On cross-examination, Mayfield admitted that the five Ameritech
Customer Receipts bore his signature, but stated that he did not agree to anything in
2005, and did not know who sent pictures to Ameritech for use in the Absolutely
Awesome Bail Agency advertisements.
        {¶7}    The magistrate issued a decision, finding that the parties entered into
multiple written agreements for advertising services between November 11, 2004 and
February 3, 2006. The magistrate found that Ameritech performed advertising services
pursuant to the contracts, and that Mayfield failed to compensate Ameritech for the
services rendered. The magistrate concluded that Ameritech was due $64,247.41, plus
                   1
interest and costs. Mayfield filed objections to the magistrate's decision. Mayfield was
granted a continuance in order to file a copy of the trial transcript, however, Mayfield did
not file the transcript before the trial court's decision. On January 19, 2010, the trial court
found that no error of law or other defect appeared on the face of the magistrate's order,
and accordingly adopted the decision of the magistrate.
                                       Contract Formation
        {¶8}    In his sole assignment of error, Mayfield asserts:
        {¶9}    "The trial court erred when it found that Plaintiff and Defendant entered into

1
 The fifty cents discrepancy was not challenged by Ameritech on appeal, thus we are bound by the amount
awarded by the trial court.
                                                                                         -4-

a series of written advertising Agreements, and further erred when it found that Defendant
is liable for the unpaid balance of the advertising in the amount of $64,247.91."
       {¶10} Mayfield argues that the Ameritech Customer Receipts did not constitute
evidence of any agreement between the parties, and that the use of the word "receipt"
misrepresented the nature of the document. Mayfield also argues that the Ameritech
Customer Receipts were not adequate proof of an agreement between the parties,
because Mayfield's signatures were not dated, because there was no "independent" proof
that the page of terms and conditions was in fact on the back of each receipt, because
Mayfield did not separately sign the terms and conditions page on the back of each
receipt, and some of the receipts had notes or crossed-out terms that were not separately
signed or dated by any party. Finally, Mayfield seems to alternatively argue that the
unjust enrichment claim in Ameritech's complaint would also have to fail, because
Mayfield did not consent to or benefit from Ameritech's services.
       {¶11} Mayfield failed to file a transcript of his proceedings when he filed objections
to the magistrate's decision.     Pursuant to Civ.R. 53(D)(3)(b)(iii), an objection to a
magistrate's finding must be supported by a transcript of any evidence submitted to the
magistrate relevant to that finding, or by affidavit if the transcript is unavailable. If an
objecting party fails to provide the trial court with the transcript of the proceedings before
the magistrate, the appellate court is precluded from considering the transcript of the
magistrate's hearing. State ex rel. Duncan v. Chippewa Twp. Trustees (1995), 73 Ohio
St.3d 728, 730, 654 N.E.2d 1254; Livingston v. Graham, 7th Dist. No. 09 JE 16, 2010-
Ohio-1091, ¶14-15 (if the transcript is not provided to the trial court, both the trial court
and the appellate court are bound by the magistrate's factual findings).
       {¶12} Although Mayfield initially filed a personal affidavit with his objections,
stating his conclusions regarding the evidence presented at trial, a transcript of the
proceedings was available.       Mayfield requested a continuance to procure the trial
transcript, but ultimately failed to do so. As such, Mayfield is not able to present
arguments before this Court concerning any factual issues. This Court is limited to
determining whether the trial court abused its discretion in its application of the law to the
facts determined by the magistrate. Duncan at 730.
                                                                                      -5-

       {¶13} Mayfield's argument focuses on whether a contract had been formed
between the parties. To prevail on a contract action, the complaining party must prove all
of the essential elements of a contract, including an offer, acceptance, manifestation of
mutual assent, consideration, and certainty as to essential terms of the contract.
Kostelnik v. Helper, 96 Ohio St. 3d 1, 2002-Ohio-2985, 770 N.E.2d 58, at ¶ 16; Juhasz v.
Costanzo (2001), 144 Ohio App. 3d 756, 762, 761 N.E.2d 679. In order for a party to be
bound to a contract, the party must consent to its terms, the contract must be certain and
definite and there must be a meeting of the minds of the parties. Episcopal Retirement
Homes, Inc. v. Ohio Dept. of Indus. Relations (1991), 61 Ohio St. 3d 366, 369, 575 N.E.2d
134 (vacated on other grounds); State ex rel. Bayus v. Woodland Park Properties, 7th
Dist. No. 05 MA 169, 2007-Ohio-3147, at ¶ 22.
       {¶14} The construction of a written contract is a matter of law. In re All Kelly &
Ferraro Asbestos Cases, 104 Ohio St. 3d 605, 2004-Ohio-7104, 821 N.E.2d 159, at ¶28.
However, whether a contractual offer and acceptance have been made is a question of
fact. KeyBank Natl. Assn. v. Mazer Corp., 188 Ohio App. 3d 278, 2010-Ohio-1508, 935
N.E.2d 428, at ¶36; Oglebay Norton Co. v. Armco, Inc. (1990), 52 Ohio St. 3d 232, 235,
556 N.E.2d 515.
       {¶15} The magistrate found that Ameritech had presented five written agreements
for advertising services that bore Mayfield's signature, and that Hanlon witnessed
Mayfield execute those agreements. The magistrate concluded that the agreements
constituted binding contracts between the parties, and that Mayfield was obligated to pay
Ameritech for its performance pursuant to those agreements. The findings spoke to all
the necessary elements of contract formation, and that the trial court's application of
those factual findings, and its conclusion that Mayfield was in breach for nonpayment of
the Ameritech account, was not an abuse of discretion.
       {¶16} Mayfield argues that a failure of the meeting of the minds prevented these
documents from being enforceable contracts, because the documents identified
themselves as "receipts" rather than contracts. However, "[i]t is an axiom of contract law
that a person who is competent to contract cannot avoid a contract's terms by claiming
that he did not notice or read those terms prior to signing." Ameritech Publishing, Inc. v.
                                                                                       -6-

Snyder Tire Wintersville, Inc., 7th Dist. No. 09 JE 35, 2010-Ohio-4868, at ¶25, citing ABM
Farms, Inc. v. Woods (1998), 81 Ohio St. 3d 498, 503, 692 N.E.2d 574; McAdams v.
McAdams (1909), 80 Ohio St. 232, 240-241, 88 N.E. 542; Upton v. Tribilcock (1875), 91
U.S. 45, 50, 23 L. Ed. 203; Vindicator Printing Co., Inc. v. Tuff Kote of Warren (Mar. 16,
1989), 7th Dist. No. 88 CA 59 (1989 WL 25565). Mayfield has therefore failed to
establish that the trial court's decision contained error for this reason.
       {¶17} Mayfield's arguments otherwise speak to whether Ameritech met its burden
of proving that a contractual agreement existed between the parties. Because this Court
is bound by the magistrate's findings on the evidence presented at trial, Mayfield's
arguments are meritless. Finally, Mayfield's argument regarding the equitable doctrine of
unjust enrichment is irrelevant, as the trial court determined that the parties acted
pursuant to the terms of a contract. Thus, issues pursuant to quasi-contract did not
apply. See Aultman Hosp. Assn. v. Community Mut. Ins. Co. (1989), 46 Ohio St. 3d 51,
54, 544 N.E.2d 920; Paugh & Farmer, Inc. v. Menorah Home for Jewish Aged (1984), 15
Ohio St. 3d 44, 46, 15 OBR 142, 472 N.E.2d 704.
       {¶18} Given the foregoing, Mayfield has not established that the decision of the
trial court contained reversible error. Mayfield's sole assignment of error is meritless. An
enforceable contract existed between Mayfield and Ameritech, and Ameritech was due
the amount of payment claimed in its account. Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court
is affirmed.
Waite, P.J., concurs.
Vukovich, J., concurs.