Court Opinion

ID: 8017054
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-09-09 02:05:57.704836+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:36:18.418671
License: Public Domain

VALLIANT, J.
Plaintiff, claiming to he the owner in fee of an undivided one-fifth of certain lands in Adair county, brought this suit under section 650, Revised Statutes 1899', to have the title adjudged and determined. The land in question belonged to Edward W. Myher, the father of the plaintiff, and of the defendants. He is the common source under which all *635the parties claim, the plaintiff hy inheritance and the defendants nnder their father’s will. Edward W.Myher died leaving a will hy which he gave to the plaintiff a small money legacy only, and devised his land to the defendants, giving to each a certain part or division of the land in severalty; the will disposed of all his estate, unless the plaintiff is right in his interpretation of the will, that is, that the devises of the land axe so obscure in description that effect cannot he given them. By the language of the will “the surface” only of the land is given to his sons John and Clarence and his daughter Bertha, while the coal under their lands is given to his son Frank, together with a coal shaft, an acre around it and a road to it.. The land willed) to Frank is “without such exception as to coal.
The will is as follows:
“Knowing the certainty of death and the uncertainty of life and being now sound of mind and memory, I, Edward W. Myher, of the county of Adair and State of Missouri, do make and publish this my last will and. testament.
“1st. It is my will and desire that I hereby direct that my executors hereinafter named, pay all my just debts if any as soon as possible after my death.
“2nd. I give and bequeath to my son, John H. Myher, the surface of the east half of the northwest fourth of the southwest quarter of section thirteen, township sixty-two, of range sixteen, containing twenty acres more or less.
“3rd. I give and bequeath to my daughter Bertha Herring now intermarried with Chas. Herring and to her descendants the surface of the west half of the northwest fourth of the southwest quarter of section thirteen, township sixty-two, range sixteen, containing twenty acres more or less.
“4th. I give and bequeath to my son Clarence E. Myher the surface of the east half of the northeast fourth of the southeast quarter of section fourteen, *636township sixty-two of range sixteen, containing thirty acres more or less reserving the coal shaft if it is sunk on the east above described land and enough of the surface not exceeding one acre for the proper handling of coal also reserving the road to the shaft.
“5th. I give and bequeath to my son Frank S. Myher the southwest one-fourth of the northeast fourth of the southeast quarter of section fourteen, township sixty-two, range sixteen, containing ten acres more or less and all coal under the lands bequeath to my son John H. Myher and Clarence E. Myher and my daughter Bertha Herring also the coal shaft and not to exceed one acre surrounding the same and the road to the shaft.
‘ ‘ 6th. I give and bequeath to my son Lewis Myher being my third child now living, the sum of ten dollars to be paid out of my personal estate.
“7th. I give and bequeath to my four following named children, Clarence E. Myher, Bertha Herring, John II. Myher and Frank S. Myher all my personal property of whatsoever nature remaining after my first debts and the ten dollars legacy to my son Lewis are paid.
“8th. I hereby appoint Wm.' Young of Adair county, Missouri, executor of this my last will and testament.”
The will was duly admitted to probate and there was no contest. At the trial the testimony of the plaintiff was to the effect that Edward W. Myher was the owner in fee of the land at the time of his death, that plaintiff and defendants were his children and that neither of them had parted with his interest. The defendants introduced the will and oral testimony to show that their father lived in Adair county on the land described in the plaintiff’s petition, had lived there for many years and was living there at the time of his death. The trial resulted in a judgment for the defendants and the plaintiff appealed.
*637I. The land is described1 in the plaintiff’s petition as east half, northwest quarter of southwest quarter and west half northwest quarter of southwest quarter section 13, and east half northeast quarter of southeast quarter and southwest quarter northeast quarter of southeast quarter section 14, all in township 62, range 16, in Adair county, Missouri. The description of the land in the will is identical with that in the petition except that in the ‘will it is not said “in Adair county, Missouri.”
When the oral evidence was offered on the part of the defendants to the effect that their father lived many years and died in Adair county, Missouri, on the land described in the petition, the plaintiff objected on the ground that oral testimony could not he received to supply the omission in the will, that is, to prove that the land lay in Adair county to identify the land described in the will with the land described in the petition; the objection was overruled and exception taken. Since the trial of this cause in the circuit court that point has been decided contrary to plaintiff’s contention by this court in McMahan v. Hubbard, 217 Mo. 624. After full discussion of the subject the court held that such evidence in such case is entirely competent. It is unnecessary to say more on that subject than is said in that case.
But even without that oral testimony we think the description contained in the will is sufficient to show that the land lies in Adair county, Missouri. This court takes judicial cognizance of land descriptions in the Government surveys, and we also take judicial cognizance of the political subdivisions of the State. We know that sections 13 and 14, township 62, range 16, are in Adair county. It is argued that those numbers of sections, township and range may .be found in other counties in other states; that may be, but we have no judicial cognizance of such matters in other states and even if the fact were proven we would not *638go abroad to hunt for such a fact for the purpose of rendering uncertain a description winch is certain enough when applied to land within our purview. This point was practically so decided in Long v. Wagoner, 47 Mo. 178.
There is nothing in any of the cases cited in support of appellant’s position on this point that meets, the facts of this case. In Martin v. Kitchen, 195 Mo. 489, the description was “the northwest quarter of section 7 north of Castor river” in Stoddard county, without mention of township or range; it was shown that there were several sections 7 north of Castor river in that county. In Mudd v. Dillon, 166 Mo. 110, the deed purported to convey “eighty acres the east half of the northeast quarter and sixty acres off of the east side of the west half of the northeast quarter of section 12, and eighty acres of the east half of the northeast quarter of section 13 containing two hundred and forty acres according to the United States survey in the county of Montgomery in the State of Missouri.” But it did not state the township. and range. There were several -sections 12 and 13 in that) county and the description would apply to either. The other cases cited are no more in point than those.
II. The will gives the land to the devisee with the qualification that it is the surface of the land given, but the coal under the surface is given to the son Frank.
That description and that qualification mean that all the land is given in fee to the devisee named except the coal beneath the surface and the right of mining the coal, which includes the necessary roadway and the use of the .surface necessary to the operation of the mine.
The will limits the quantity of surface use Frank may make of the land given to John, Bertha and Clarence.
*639That mode of disposing of land is well recognized in the law of this State. [Wardell v. Watson, 93 Mo. 107.]
The learned trial judge took the correct view of this case. The judgment is affirmed.
All concur.