Court Opinion

ID: 4664496
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2021-03-03 16:06:02.786615+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T08:02:36.492540
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

                                   No. 19-2080
                               Filed March 3, 2021

STATE OF IOWA,
     Plaintiff-Appellee,

vs.

JESUS ANTONIO MURILLO,
     Defendant-Appellant.
________________________________________________________________

      Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Muscatine County, Mark R. Lawson,

Judge.

      Jesus Antonio Murillo appeals his conviction for willful injury causing bodily

injury. AFFIRMED.

      Jeffrey L. Powell of Powell & McCullough, PLC, Coralville, for appellant.

      Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and Timothy M. Hau, Assistant Attorney

General, for appellee.

      Considered by Mullins, P.J., and May and Schumacher, JJ.
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SCHUMACHER, Judge.

       Jesus Antonio Murillo appeals his conviction for willful injury. His sole

challenge on appeal is whether sufficient evidence was presented to support his

conviction. Specifically, Murillo argues the State failed to prove intent to commit

serious injury and therefore the district court’s denial of his motion for judgment of

acquittal was in error. We find the record contains substantial evidence to support

the conviction. Accordingly, we affirm.

I.     Background and Prior Proceedings

       On July 11, 2019, Ricardo Trevino and Murillo began drinking in a wooded

area of a park in Muscatine, Iowa.1 At some point after the two consumed alcohol

in the park, Trevino and Murillo traveled to the home of Trevino’s stepfather, Jose

Gomez-Medina.

       While at the home, Murillo began repeatedly punching Trevino. Trevino

was knocked unconscious and fell to the ground. Murillo, however, continued

punching and kicking Trevino in the head and ribs. The force of Murillo’s kicks left

shoelace imprints on Trevino’s torso.

       As Murillo continued to inflict blows on Trevino outside the residence,

Gomez-Medina rushed out of his home to intervene. However, Murillo charged

Gomez-Medina, causing Gomez-Medina to retreat into his home.

       Deanna Reed, who was driving by the Gomez-Medina home, witnessed

Murillo punching and kicking Trevino. Reed pulled her vehicle over, exited, and

began to shout at Murillo in an attempt to stop the assault. Reed, who did not

1Trevino and Murillo had purchased “thirteen shooters of 99 Bananas” prior to
going to the wooded area of the park.
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know the identity of either man at the time, observed Murillo strike Trevino multiple

times. Murillo charged Reed, causing Reed to retreat into her vehicle. At the time,

Reed believed Trevino was dead. Murillo turned his attention back to Trevino,

continuing to kick the unconscious Trevino. At some point, Murillo was able to

enter the Gomez-Medina home and officers took him into custody at this location.2

Trevino sustained a broken nose and a fractured orbital bone in his left eye.

       Murillo was charged with willful injury in violation of Iowa Code section

708.4(1) (2019), a class “C” felony. At Murillo’s jury trial on September 20, 2019,

Murillo filed a motion for directed verdict, arguing the State had not proven by a

preponderance of the evidence the alleged victim received a serious injury as

defined by law.     The trial court granted the motion for directed verdict and

dismissed the charge of willful injury under Iowa Code section 708.4(1). The court

allowed the jury to consider the lesser charge of willful injury under Iowa Code

section 708.4(2), a class “D” felony.3

       The jury returned a guilty verdict on the willful injury charge. Murillo was

sentenced on December 13, 2019, to an indeterminate five years of incarceration

but was granted a suspended sentence. The minimum fine was imposed, and

Murillo was ordered to successfully complete programming at the Residential

Correctional Facility in Davenport. Murillo now appeals.

2 Although not at issue in this appeal, after the assault on Trevino, Murillo assaulted
the homeowner’s daughter, rendering her unconscious.
3 As part of the district court’s oral ruling on the motion for judgment of acquittal,

the court held that the State failed to prove Trevino suffered a serious injury but
held that “a rational fact finder could find the defendant had an intent to inflict
serious injury.”
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II.    Sufficiency of the Evidence

       A.     Standard of Review

       Sufficiency-of-evidence claims are reviewed for correction of errors at law.

State v. Sanford, 814 N.W.2d 611, 615 (Iowa 2012). A verdict is binding upon this

court and will be upheld unless it is not supported by substantial evidence. State

v. Tipton, 897 N.W.2d 653, 692 (Iowa 2017). Substantial evidence is evidence

that would convince a rational trier of fact the defendant is guilty beyond a

reasonable doubt.      Id.   If evidence raises mere suspicion, speculation, or

conjecture, it is not substantial. State v. Howse, 875 N.W.2d 684, 688 (Iowa 2016).

We consider all evidence in the record, not just evidence supporting guilt. Tipton,

897 N.W.2d at 692. We view all relevant evidence in the light most favorable to

the prosecution. Id.

       B.     Merits

       The elements of willful injury pursuant to Iowa Code section 708.4(2)

include: (1) committing an act which is not justified, (2) with the intent to cause

serious injury, and (3) causing bodily injury. State v. Benedict, No. 14-1496, 2015

WL 3876796, at *3 (Iowa Ct. App. June 24, 2015). Murillo’s sole claim on appeal

is the evidence presented by the State was insufficient to support the jury’s verdict

that he intended to cause serious injury to Trevino. Murillo cites the district court’s

ruling on the original charge that the State failed as a matter of law to prove a

serious injury occurred. We begin with noting Murillo was convicted of willful injury

in violation of Iowa Code section 708.4(2), and as such, “the evidence only needed

to support a finding that a bodily injury occurred, not that a serious injury was

inflicted.” See State v. Vandermark, No. 19-2112, 2021 WL 210972, at *4 (Iowa
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Ct. App. Jan. 21, 2021). As to the intent, Murillo argues there was inadequate

evidence he intended to cause a serious injury, as “there was not testimony at

Murillo’s trial regarding [the victim’s] injuries that would indicate anything beyond

mere bodily injuries.     No additional evidence regarding Murillo’s intent was

presented.”

       We reject Murillo’s argument. We are convinced that a rational jury could

have found the evidence established Murillo possessed the requisite intent. As

both the State and Murillo concede, “proof of intent usually consists of

circumstantial evidence and the inferences that can be drawn from that evidence.”

State v. Adams, 554 N.W.2d 686, 692 (Iowa 1996). The jury can “infer intent from

the normal consequences of one’s actions.” State v. Evans, 671 N.W.2d 720, 724–

25 (Iowa 2003). The jury can also infer intent from the extent of the victim’s injuries.

State v. Bell, 223 N.W.2d 181, 184 (Iowa 1974).

       Murillo punched the victim repeatedly with his fists. After the victim was

unconscious, Murillo kicked the victim multiple times in the head and ribs. The

victim remained on the ground, unresponsive. Murillo struck the victim in his head

with enough force to fracture the victim’s nose and orbital bone. Murillo kicked the

victim in the chest with enough force to leave shoelace imprints on the victim’s

torso. While Murillo was attacking the victim, two bystanders tried to intervene but

were deterred by Murillo. Murillo, even after being interrupted on two separate

occasions by the bystanders, continued to strike the unconscious victim.

       Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the State, including

reasonable inferences, there is substantial evidence from which the jury could find

Murillo intended to inflict a serious injury upon the victim. Therefore, the court did
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not err in denying Murillo’s motion for acquittal. Accordingly, we affirm Murillo’s

conviction for willful injury pursuant to Iowa Code section 708.4(2).

       AFFIRMED.