Court Opinion

ID: 4423368
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2019-08-07 15:02:51.131752+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:51:29.222693
License: Public Domain

NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE REHEARING
                      MOTION AND, IF FILED, DETERMINED

                                            IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL

                                            OF FLORIDA

                                            SECOND DISTRICT

IN RE: CONTEMPT ADJUDICATION     )
OF JESSIE L. WEINER.             )                        Case No. 2D19-1413
 ________________________________)

Opinion filed August 7, 2019.

Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus to the
Circuit Court for Pasco County; Lauralee
G. Westine, Judge.

Melissa Isaak of The Isaak Law Firm,
Montgomery, Alabama; and Richard J.
Mockler and Angela L. Leiner of Mockler
Leiner Law, P.A., Tampa, for Petitioner.

PER CURIAM.

              In accordance with our previously entered order converting Jessie L.

Weiner's petition for a writ of certiorari to a petition for a writ of habeas corpus and

granting it, we now write to address the trial court's errors in finding Ms. Weiner in

indirect criminal contempt.1

              1Ms.  Weiner petitioned this court for a writ of certiorari seeking to
challenge the trial court's order finding her in indirect criminal contempt. We treated the
petition as one for a writ of habeas corpus, see Blalock v. Rice, 707 So. 2d 738, 739
(Fla. 2d DCA 1997), and on May 6, 2019, issued an order concluding that the trial court
erred in finding Ms. Weiner in indirect criminal contempt. The order provided that an
opinion would follow.
              The proceeding below is a postjudgment custody action between Timothy

Weiner (the Father) and Jesica Wingo (the Mother). Ms. Weiner is the Father's current

wife and is not a party to the action below.

              In December 2018, during the pendency of the custody case, the trial

court issued two orders directing the Father to keep any information about the case off

social media and to prevent family members from publishing information about the

custody action on social media. Because she is not a party to the custody case, Ms.

Weiner was not served with the order. Thereafter, on March 21, 2019, the trial court

entered an order directing Ms. Weiner to show cause why she should not be held in

indirect criminal contempt for failing to obey the orders. Ms. Weiner received the order

to show cause on April 1, 2019, the day before the 4:30 p.m. hearing that had been

scheduled on the order to show cause. Her counsel, whom she retained on the same

day as the hearing on the order to show cause, appeared and orally argued for

dismissal, for the judge's disqualification, and for a continuance. The trial court denied

all of the motions, found Ms. Weiner guilty of indirect criminal contempt, and sentenced

her to five months' confinement in the Pasco County Jail. She then challenged the

court's contempt order in the petition before this court. For the reasons set forth below,

we granted Ms. Weiner's petition for writ of habeas corpus. She has been released

from confinement pursuant to our May 6, 2019, order.

              First, the order to show cause violated Ms. Weiner's due process rights

because she was not subject to or served with the court order that she was accused of

disobeying. "For a person to be held in contempt of a court order, the language of the

order must be clear and precise, and the behavior of the person must clearly violate the

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order." Reder v. Miller, 102 So. 3d 742, 743 (Fla. 2d DCA 2012) (quoting Paul v.

Johnson, 604 So. 2d 883, 884 (Fla. 5th DCA 1992)). Here, the trial court recited the

conduct it perceived to be objectionable based on the previously-issued orders directed

to the Father, which were not served on Ms. Weiner. See Tsokos v. Sunset Cove Invs.,

Inc., 936 So. 2d 667, 670 (Fla. 2d DCA 2006) (holding that third parties could not be

held in indirect criminal contempt for violating a judgment where the judgment did not

proscribe the conduct forming the basis of the order to show cause); cf. Reder, 102 So.
3d at 743-44 (concluding that attorney could not be held in indirect civil contempt for

conduct that did not violate the express language of the order and clarifying that "to the

extent the trial court found [the attorney] in contempt of this order for failing to comply

with its intent, the contempt finding cannot stand").

              Second, the order to show cause was not served on Ms. Weiner within a

"reasonable time allowed for preparation of the defense," as required by Florida Rule of

Criminal Procedure 3.840(a). Ms. Weiner's name did not appear in the order's service

list, and it is undisputed that she received the order the day before the hearing and did

not engage counsel until the morning of the hearing. Cf. Russ v. State, 622 So. 2d 501,

502 (Fla. 5th DCA 1993) (reversing contempt order on the basis that notice served two

days before the hearing was not reasonable and violated due process).

              Finally, the trial judge should have disqualified herself because the

contempt conduct involved disrespect and criticism of the judge. Rule 3.840(e) provides

that a trial judge must disqualify herself if the charged contempt "involves disrespect to

or criticism of" the judge. "[T]he purpose of the rule is to assure that a person cited for a

contempt of court which involved a criticism of a judge, would not be tried on the

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contempt charge before the judge who was the subject of the criticism." Bumgarner v.

State, 245 So. 2d 635, 637 (Fla. 4th DCA 1971) (construing Florida Rule of Criminal

Procedure 1.840(a)(5), the predecessor rule that is materially the same as the current

rule 3.840(e)).

              Accordingly, Ms. Weiner is entitled to habeas relief. The contempt order is

quashed.

SILBERMAN, MORRIS, and BLACK, JJ., Concur.

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