Court Opinion

ID: 8405972
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-10-27 13:01:04.383147+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:47:06.072881
License: Public Domain

In the United States Court of Federal Claims
                                                No. 21-1807
                                      (Filed Under Seal: May 17, 2022)
                                        (Reissued: October 26, 2022)1

                                        NOT FOR PUBLICATION

    **************************************
    XEROX CORPORATION,                      *
                                            *
                      Plaintiff,            *
                                            *
             v.                             *
                                            *
    THE UNITED STATES,                      *
                                                                        Motion to Dismiss; Bid Protest;
                                            *
                                                                        Mootness.
                      Defendant,            *
                                            *
    and                                     *
                                            *
    TRIDENT E&P, INC.,                      *
                                            *
                      Defendant-Intervenor. *
    **************************************

Jonathan S. Aronie, Sheppard Mullin Richter & Hampton LLP, Washington, DC, counsel for
Plaintiff.

Matthew J. Carhart, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, counsel for Defendant.

Michael E. Barnicle, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, Chicago, IL, counsel for Defendant-
Intervenor.

                              MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

DIETZ, Judge.

      Following corrective action by the Defense Logistics Agency (“DLA”), the government
moves to dismiss as moot this post-award bid protest filed by Plaintiff, Xerox Corporation

1
  This Memorandum Opinion and Order was filed under seal on May 17, 2022, see ECF No. 74, in accordance with
the Protective Order entered on September 9, 2021, see ECF No. 13. The parties were given an opportunity to
identify protected information, including source selection information, proprietary information, and confidential
information, for redaction. On May 31, 2022, the parties filed a joint status report in which Defendant proposed
redactions. ECF No. 78. Plaintiff opposed Defendant’s proposed redactions. See id. at 1-2. On September 2, 2022,
Defendant filed a status report withdrawing its redactions. ECF No. 81. Accordingly, the Court reissues this opinion
without any redactions.
(“Xerox”). See Def.’s Mot. to Dismiss at 1, ECF No. 67. DLA’s corrective action terminated the
award to Defendant-Intervenor, Trident E&P, Inc. (“Trident”), and awarded the contract to
Xerox. Id. Xerox does not oppose the dismissal of its case. Id. Trident, however, argues that
Xerox’s complaint should not be dismissed until the government “provide[s] a coherent and
reasonable explanation of the alleged legitimate procurement defect and how its corrective action
is rationally related to addressing that defect.” Def.-Intervenor’s Opp’n at 15, ECF. No. 69.
Because the corrective action renders Xerox’s protest moot and because Trident has no basis to
object to dismissal, the government’s motion to dismiss is GRANTED.

         Xerox brought this protest challenging DLA’s award of a contract to Trident under
Solicitation No. SP7000-19-R-1001 (the “Solicitation”), which called for the award of a single
contract to provide commercial copier machines and similar devices, along with associated
technical support and supplies, for use aboard military ships. AR 211-12.2 Relevant to the
ultimate resolution of the protest, the Solicitation required that “Class I-IVC & Production
Devices must be a single manufacturer” (the “single manufacturer requirement”). AR 9127.
After some uncertainty, see, e.g., AR 7727, 7732, 7738, DLA determined that Trident’s proposal
complied with the single manufacturer requirement. See AR 9016. DLA relied in part upon a
letter (the “Certification Letter”) from the Chief Technology Officer at HP Federal, which stated:
“HP certifies that the equipment [Trident] proposed . . . are commercial items currently in
production as new equipment as of the date of Trident’s final revised proposal submission and
will be in production for six months after contract award.” AR 7851. In its complaint, Xerox
alleged, inter alia, that DLA’s determination that Trident’s proposal complied with the
Solicitation’s single manufacturer requirement was unreasonable. Compl. ¶¶ 49-50, ECF No. 1.

        After Xerox filed a motion for judgment on the administrative record, see ECF No. 51,
the government and Trident received a letter (the “Clarification Letter”) from the president of HP
Federal “to clarify the statements contained in” the Certification Letter. See AR 9967. The
Clarification Letter stated:

         We understand that the [Certification Letter] may have been interpreted by the
         Government . . . to mean that the SMDP Class PC and SMDP Class PBW printers
         proposed by Trident are currently in production and branded by HP Inc. That is not
         the case; rather the two devices are produced and branded by Canon, and, as
         [Trident] was aware at the time we submitted the [Certification Letter], HP Federal
         (and Trident) intended to resell those printers to satisfy the SMDP requirements.

AR 9968.

       The government informed the Court that the Clarification Letter “changed DLA’s
understanding” of the Certification Letter and that DLA intended to take corrective action that
would moot the issues in Xerox’s protest. See Joint Status Report at 1-2, ECF No. 60. The Court
ordered the government not to file a motion to dismiss until it notified the Court of “the full
extent” of DLA’s corrective action in order “[t]o allow the parties and the Court to evaluate the

2
  The government filed the administrative record in three consecutively paginated parts: an initial record, ECF No.
29, and two supplements to the record. ECF Nos. 38, 52. The Court cites to pages in any part of the administrative
record as “AR___.”

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effect” of the corrective action on the protest. Order at 1, ECF No. 61. On March 15, 2022, the
government filed a notice of corrective action, stating that DLA terminated the award to Trident,
evaluated Xerox’s proposal, and intended to award the contract to Xerox on March 18, 2022. See
Not. of Corrective Action at 1, ECF No. 66. The government then filed a motion to dismiss
Xerox’s complaint on mootness grounds, which Trident opposes but Xerox does not. See Def.’s
Mot. to Dismiss at 1.

        Mootness is a jurisdictional issue that derives from the case or controversy requirement
of Article III of the United States Constitution. Techn. Innovation, Inc. v. United States, 93 Fed.
Cl. 276, 278 (2010) (citing DeFunis v. Odegaard, 416 U.S. 312, 316 (1974); North Carolina v.
Rice, 404 U.S. 244, 246 (1971)). “[A] case is moot when the issues presented are no longer ‘live’
or the parties lack a legally cognizable interest in the outcome.” Powell v. McCormack, 395 U.S.
486, 496 (1944). A case should be dismissed as moot “[w]hen, during the course of litigation, it
develops that the relief sought has been granted or that the questions originally in controversy
between the parties are no longer at issue[.]” Chapman Law Firm Co. v. Greenleaf Constr. Co.,
Inc., 490 F.3d 934, 939 (Fed. Cir. 2007). An agency’s corrective action renders a bid protest
moot if the “corrective action adequately addresse[s] the effects of the challenged action” and
there is “no reasonable expectation that the action [will] recur.” Id. at 940; see also Cnty. of Los
Angeles v. Davis, 440 U.S. 625, 631 (1979) (holding that a case becomes moot when “(1) it can
be said with assurance that there is no reasonable expectation that the alleged violation will
recur, and (2) interim relief or events have completely and irrevocably eradicated the effects of
the alleged violation.” (internal citations and quotations omitted)).

        DLA’s corrective action moots Xerox’s complaint. Xerox alleged that errors in the
procurement process led to an improper award to Trident. See generally Compl. It sought a
declaratory judgment that the award to Trident was improper and an injunction prohibiting DLA
from proceeding with the award to Trident. Compl. ¶ 58. DLA’s corrective action, which
terminated the award to Trident and awarded the contract to Xerox, eradicated the effects of the
alleged violation with no reasonable expectation that the violation will recur. A declaration that
the now-revoked award to Trident was improper would be meaningless, and the Court cannot
enjoin performance of a contract that does not exist. Thus, the corrective action renders moot the
issues in Xerox’s original protest.

         Trident has no basis to object to the dismissal of Xerox’s moot protest. Its argument to
the contrary is grounded in its belief that DLA did not adequately explain its reasons for the
corrective action. See Def.-Intervenor’s Opp’n at 8. But the focus of this case is Xerox’s
complaint, which challenged procurement errors in the original award to Trident. As explained,
those issues were mooted by the corrective action, and “[t]he court is not an open grand jury
convened to inquire into all possible aspects of a procurement.” Sigmatech, Inc. v. United States,
122 Fed. Cl. 674, 676 (2015). Trident is free to bring its own protest to challenge the rational
basis of the corrective action.3 Thus, despite Trident’s contentions, see Def.-Intervenor’s Opp’n
at 9, the errors it alleges are very capable of being reviewed—in a lawsuit brought by Trident,
not Xerox. But Trident, as intervenor, “has no claim in this lawsuit, and any claims it may have
regarding the corrective action would be the subject of a different lawsuit.” Techn. Innovation,

3
  The Court makes no determination on the government’s argument that Trident has waived its ability to challenge
the termination of its award before this Court. See Def.’s Mot. to Dismiss at 8.

                                                        3
93 Fed. Cl. at 279. Further, even if the government’s alleged failure to comply with the Court’s
order to explain the full extent of the corrective action would allow the Court to retain
jurisdiction over a definitively moot case, as Trident argues, see Def.-Intervenor’s Opp’n at 10,
the Court finds that the government did, in fact, explain the full extent of the corrective action.
As such, Trident sets forth no grounds on which it may force the continued litigation of Xerox’s
case.

        For the reasons above, the government’s motion to dismiss, ECF No. 67, is GRANTED.
Xerox’s motion for judgment on the administrative record, ECF No. 51, filed before DLA’s
corrective action, is DENIED AS MOOT. The Clerk is directed to enter judgment accordingly.

         Some information contained in this Order may be considered protected information
subject to the Protective Order entered on September 8, 2021. See ECF No. 13. Accordingly, this
Opinion and Order is filed UNDER SEAL. Accordingly, by May 31, 2022, the parties shall file
a joint status report that: (i) identifies the information, if any, that the parties contend should be
redacted, (ii) explains the basis for each proposed redaction, and (iii) includes an attachment of
the proposed redactions for this Order. In issuing redactions, the Court will take into
consideration the arguments presented in the briefings regarding Plaintiff’s pending motion to
unseal, ECF No. 73.

       IT IS SO ORDERED.

                                                   s/ Thompson M. Dietz
                                                   THOMPSON M. DIETZ, Judge

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