Court Opinion

ID: 2650723
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2014-01-24 01:02:26.211863+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T12:24:55.210771
License: Public Domain

Cite as 2014 Ark. 26

                 SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS
                                         No.   CV-13-759

                                                    Opinion Delivered   January 23, 2014

                                                    PRO SE APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT
GEORGE E. TOLEFREE                                  COURT OF LEE COUNTY AND
                                 APPELLANT          APPELLANT’S MOTION TO FILE
                                                    BELATED REPLY BRIEF [LEE
v.                                                  COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT, 39CV-13-
                                                    72]
STATE OF ARKANSAS
                                   APPELLEE         HONORABLE RICHARD L.
                                                    PROCTOR, JUDGE

                                                    AFFIRMED; MOTION DENIED.

                                          PER CURIAM

       In 2007, appellant George E. Tolefree entered a plea of guilty to rape and was sentenced

as a habitual offender to a term of 180 months’ imprisonment. In 2013, appellant, who was

incarcerated at a unit of the Arkansas Department of Correction located in Lee County, filed a

pro se petition for writ of habeas corpus in the Lee County Circuit Court.1

       In the petition for writ of habeas corpus, appellant, who was represented by counsel

when the plea was entered, alleged that the writ should issue on the following grounds: he did

not voluntarily waive his right to counsel; the “Informational Statement” did not state that he

was charged as a habitual offender or designate the statutes he was charged with violating; the

sentence was illegal because it violated article 2, section 10 of the Arkansas constitution; and the

trial court did not comply with Arkansas Rules of Criminal Procedure 24.4 and 24.6 when the

plea was entered. The circuit court denied the petition on the grounds that the allegations were

       1
        As of the date of this opinion, appellant remains incarcerated in Lee County.
                                      Cite as 2014 Ark. 26

conclusory in nature and failed to state a basis for a writ of habeas corpus to issue. Appellant

brings this appeal. He also filed a motion to file a belated reply brief.

       The motion is denied as it is clear that the circuit court did not err when it denied the

petition. For that reason, a reply brief could provide no argument to change the disposition of

this appeal.

       A writ of habeas corpus is proper only when a judgment of conviction is invalid on its

face or when a trial court lacked jurisdiction over the cause. Glaze v. Hobbs, 2013 Ark. 458;

Abernathy v. Norris, 2011 Ark. 335 (per curiam); Davis v. Reed, 316 Ark. 575, 873 S.W.2d 524

(1994). The burden is on the petitioner in a habeas-corpus petition to establish that the trial

court lacked jurisdiction or that the commitment was invalid on its face; otherwise, there is no

basis for a finding that a writ of habeas corpus should issue. Young v. Norris, 365 Ark. 219, 226
S.W.3d 797 (2006) (per curiam). The petitioner must plead either the facial invalidity of the

judgment or the lack of jurisdiction and make a “showing by affidavit or other evidence [of]

probable cause to believe” that he is illegally detained. Id. at 221, 226 S.W.3d at 798.

       On appeal, appellant argues that the allegations he raised in his petition were not

conclusory and that the circuit court erred by not holding a hearing on the petition. We will not

reverse a circuit court’s decision granting or denying a petition for writ of habeas corpus unless

the decision was clearly erroneous. Hill v. State, 2013 Ark. 413 (per curiam) (citing Pankau v.

State, 2013 Ark. 162). A finding is clearly erroneous when, although there is evidence to support

it, the appellate court, after reviewing the entire evidence, is left with the definite and firm

conviction that a mistake has been committed. Id.

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       With respect to the circuit court’s failure to hold a hearing on the petition, we have noted

that, while our statutory habeas-corpus scheme contemplates a hearing in the event the writ is

issued, there is no requirement that a hearing be given a petitioner regardless of the content of

the petition. Strong v. Hobbs, 2013 Ark. 376 (per curiam); Bradford v. State, 2011 Ark. 494 (per

curiam); Mackey v. Lockhart, 307 Ark. 321, 819 S.W.2d 702 (1991) (quoting George v. State, 285
Ark. 84, 685 S.W.2d 141 (1985)). A hearing is not required on a habeas petition, even where the

petition alleges an otherwise cognizable ground, when probable cause for the issuance of the writ

is not shown by affidavit or other evidence. Strong, 2013 Ark. 376; Evans v. State, 2010 Ark. 234

(per curiam). As appellant here failed to demonstrate probable cause for the issuance of the writ,

the circuit court was not required to hold a hearing.

       Assuming that appellant’s claims concerning the “Informational Statement” were a

challenge to the adequacy of the felony information charging him with the offense to which he

pled guilty, challenges to the sufficiency of the charging instrument are not jurisdictional and

must be raised prior to trial. Smith v. Hobbs, 2013 Ark. 400 (per curiam); Dickinson v. Norris, 2011
Ark. 413 (per curiam); Sawyer v. State, 327 Ark. 421, 938 S.W.2d 843 (1997) (per curiam). When

a defendant enters a plea of guilty, the plea is his or her trial. Coleman v. State, 2011 Ark. 308 (per

curiam) (citing Crockett v. State, 282 Ark. 582, 669 S.W.2d 896 (1984)). A habeas-corpus

proceeding does not afford a convicted defendant an opportunity to retry his case and argue

issues that could have been settled at trial. Smith, 2013 Ark. 400; Hill v. State, 2013 Ark. 143 (per

curiam).

       Appellant’s grounds for the writ that were based on article 2, section 10 of the Arkansas

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constitution and criminal procedure rules 24.4 and 24.6 were conclusory in nature and failed to

state how any constitutional or procedural violations implicated the jurisdiction of the trial court

or rendered the judgment-and-commitment order invalid on its face. See Daniels v. Hobbs, 2011
Ark. 192 (per curiam). A purely conclusory allegation with no facts to establish the merit of the

claim is not grounds for a writ of habeas corpus. Strong, 2013 Ark. 376; Washington v. Norris,

2010 Ark. 104 (per curiam). Moreover, the issues pertained to error that could have been

addressed either before appellant entered his plea or in a petition for postconviction relief

pursuant to Arkansas Rule of Criminal Procedure 37.1. A habeas-corpus proceeding is not a

means to revisit the merits of issues that could have been addressed, and settled, in the trial court

or in a postconviction proceeding. Smith, 2013 Ark. 400 (per curiam); Friend v. Norris, 364 Ark.
315, 219 S.W.3d 123 (2005) (per curiam).

       To the extent that the claims raised by appellant could have been construed as claims that

he was denied effective assistance of counsel during the plea process, allegations of ineffective

assistance of counsel are not cognizable in a habeas proceeding. Rodgers v. State, 2011 Ark. 443

(per curiam); Willis v. State, 2011 Ark. 312; Tryon v. State, 2011 Ark. 76 (per curiam); Grimes v.

State, 2010 Ark. 97 (per curiam). Claims concerning counsel’s effectiveness are properly raised

pursuant to Rule 37.1 (2013). Rodgers, 2011 Ark. 443; Christopher v. Hobbs, 2011 Ark. 399 (per

curiam); Moore v. State, 2010 Ark. 380; Hill v. Norris, 2010 Ark. 287 (per curiam). A petition for

writ of habeas corpus is not a substitute for proceeding under the Rule. Rodgers, 2011 Ark. 443;

Tryon, 2011 Ark. 76; see also Johnson v. Hobbs, 2010 Ark. 459 (per curiam); Rickenbacker v. Norris,

361 Ark. 291, 206 S.W.3d 220 (2005).

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       Because appellant’s petition did not establish the facial invalidity of the judgment or

demonstrate a lack of the trial court’s jurisdiction, appellant did not establish a basis for a writ

of habeas corpus to issue. See Culbertson v. State, 2012 Ark. 112 (per curiam); see also Skinner v.

Hobbs, 2011 Ark. 383 (per curiam); McHaney v. Hobbs, 2012 Ark. 361 (per curiam). Jurisdiction

is the power of the court to hear and determine the subject matter in controversy. Bliss v. Hobbs,

2012 Ark. 315 (per curiam); Culbertson, 2012 Ark. 112 (per curiam). Appellant offered nothing

to demonstrate that the trial court in his case did not have subject-matter jurisdiction to hear and

determine cases involving violations of criminal statutes. Culbertson, 2012 Ark. 112. Accordingly,

the circuit court’s order is affirmed.

       Affirmed; motion denied.

       George E. Tolefree, pro se appellant.

       Dustin McDaniel, Att’y Gen., by: Jake H. Jones, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.

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