Court Opinion

ID: 2960919
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-09-18 18:02:45.593954+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:42:18.613382
License: Public Domain

Filed 9/18/15 P. v. Virk CA3
                                           NOT TO BE PUBLISHED
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.

              IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
                                      THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT
                                                         (Yolo)
                                                            ----

THE PEOPLE,                                                                                  C077407

                   Plaintiff and Respondent,                                    (Super. Ct. No. CRF134302)

         v.

SHAWN VIRK,

                   Defendant and Appellant.

         Granted probation following a no contest plea to first degree burglary, defendant
Shawn Virk contends the trial court imposed an unauthorized fine and assessment under
Penal Code section 672.1 Because the record does not show under what provisions the
court imposed the amounts in question, we remand the matter so that the court may
clarify the record.

1 Undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code in effect at the time of the
charged offenses.

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                            PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND2
        Defendant was sentenced simultaneously on three matters: first degree burglary
(case No. 13-4302); possession of heroin and petty theft (case No. 13-4189); and
receiving stolen property (case No. 13-3804).3
        In case No. 13-4302, the order of formal probation, signed by defendant, included
the following terms: “[] Pay $300 as a restitution fine for each felony case and $150 as a
restitution fine for each misdemeanor case to the State Restitution Fund pursuant to []
[section] 1202.4(b); plus a processing fee of $20 for each felony case and a $10
processing fee for each misdemeanor case; [¶] [] Pay the same amount as ordered above
. . . as a probation revocation fine to the State Restitution Fund pursuant to [] [section]
1202.44, said fine to become effective upon the revocation of probation or a conditional
sentence. . . .” The order also included a $30 court construction fee for each conviction
(Gov. Code, § 70373, subd. (a)(1)) and a $40 court operations assessment for each
conviction (§ 1465.8). It mentioned other unspecified fees and assessments which might
be imposed, including probation fees, attorney’s fees, and a sentencing fee. In addition,
the order bore a stamped entry reading: “FINE & PENALTY ASSESSMENT [¶] Pay
$500 as a fine plus $1,550 penalty assessment; plus a processing fee of $35.”
        Immediately following the probation order in the record is a page that begins:
“The Court of Appeal of the State of California, Third Appellate District, has directed
this Court to articulate within the probationary order the statutory basis of all penalty
assessments that are attached to any fine imposed.” It then lists a set of statutes,
including provisions of the Penal Code, the Government Code, and the Health and Safety
Code, and sets out the calculation for assessments added to fines according to those

2 Since defendant’s appeal raises only a question of law, we need not discuss the facts of
his offenses.
3   Defendant raises no issues on the latter two cases.

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statutes.4 The specific amounts for each assessment imposed in this case are not set forth
in this generic listing. The page includes the following statement: “It is respectfully
recommended that the Court affix this document to the original probation order that is
signed and filed in court.”
        In imposing sentence orally, the trial court did not mention any fines, fees, or
assessments as to case No. 13-4302. However, the sentencing minute order as to case
No. 13-4302 states: “Total Fine (Inc P/A, Appl. Rest. & Ct Fees) $500 PLUS $1550
P/A.”
                                       DISCUSSION
        Defendant attacks the $500 fine and $1,550 assessment, reasoning: “Presumably,
this fine was ordered pursuant to Penal Code section 672, as there is no other apparent
basis for the fine.”5 He points out that this provision applies only where no other fine is
prescribed by statute, but section 1202.5 prescribes a fine of $10 for any theft offense.6

4   For example, the first two items on the list read: “Penal Code § 1464(a): ‘. . . a state
penalty in the amount of ten dollars ($10) for every ten dollars ($10) . . . upon every fine
. . . . [¶] Penal Code § 1465.7(a): ‘surcharge of 20%’ of the fine imposed.”
5 Penal Code section 672 provides: “Upon a conviction for any crime punishable by
imprisonment in any jail or prison, in relation to which no fine is herein prescribed, the
court may impose a fine on the offender not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000) in
cases of misdemeanors or ten thousand dollars ($10,000) in cases of felonies, in addition
to the imprisonment prescribed.”
6  Penal Code section 1202.5, subdivision (a), provides: “(a) In any case in which a
defendant is convicted of any of the offenses enumerated in Section 211, 215, 459, 470,
484, 487, subdivision (a) of Section 487a, or Section 488, or 594, the court shall order the
defendant to pay a fine of ten dollars ($10) in addition to any other penalty or fine
imposed. If the court determines that the defendant has the ability to pay all or part of the
fine, the court shall set the amount to be reimbursed and order the defendant to pay that
sum to the county in the manner in which the court believes reasonable and compatible
with the defendant’s financial ability. In making a determination of whether a defendant
has the ability to pay, the court shall take into account the amount of any other fine

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He concludes that since a fine was prescribed for his offense, the amounts
“[p]resumably” ordered under section 672 are unauthorized and must be stricken.
        As the People point out, the record does not establish that the trial court imposed a
fine pursuant to section 672.7 We will not presume that the trial court imposed any fine
or assessment under section 672 when that provision was not mentioned in the court’s
oral sentencing statement, the probation order, the sentencing minute order, or any other
document that is part of the record on appeal. The trial court’s failure to identify the
statutes under which the $500 fine and $1,550 assessment were imposed is error requiring
remand.
        As the People have noted, this court has held that trial courts must spell out the
statutory basis for every fine, fee, and assessment imposed. (People v. High (2004) 119
Cal.App.4th 1192, 1200.) Like the court in People v. Hamed (2013) 221 Cal.App.4th
928, we note that this area is far more complex than when High was decided in June
2004. (Id. at p. 939.) At that time, there were only four penalty assessments. (Ibid.)
Since then, several additional penalty assessments have been added and there have been
multiple amendments to the base fine and penalty assessment statutes. (Ibid.)
Nevertheless, unless the statutory basis is specified in the record for each fine and penalty
assessment, we cannot determine whether the trial court has correctly calculated and
imposed those monetary obligations.
        Consistent with the suggestion of the People, we remand this matter back to the
trial court to prepare an amended sentencing minute order that sets forth the statutory
basis for every fine, fee, and assessment ordered in this case.

imposed upon the defendant and any amount the defendant has been ordered to pay in
restitution.”
7   Nor does the record mention the section 1202.5 crime prevention fine.

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                                      DISPOSITION
       Defendant’s conviction and sentence are affirmed. The matter is remanded to the
trial court with directions to prepare an amended sentencing minute order setting forth the
statutory basis for every fine, fee, and assessment ordered in this case.

                                                        MURRAY               , J.

We concur:

      BLEASE                , Acting P. J.

      NICHOLSON             , J.

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