Court Opinion

ID: 9700755
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-25 21:48:11.887295+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:00:27.703900
License: Public Domain

SABERS, Justice
(concurring specially).
I am troubled by the time spent on out-of-state opinions when we have solid opinions on this point in this state; especially VerBouwens and Jensen. In my view, the test from Jensen is solid and workable and should not be altered. “The worker must ... demonstrate an actual intent by the employer to injure or a substantial certainty that injury will be the inevitable outcome of employer’s conduct.” Jensen, 469 N.W.2d at 372 (citations omitted). Just as “substantial certainty should not be equated with substantial likelihood,” id. (citation omitted), neither should it be altered to mean “virtually certain.”