Court Opinion

ID: 4575840
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2020-10-12 20:14:35.842288+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T13:32:04.359891
License: Public Domain

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
                           DIVISION ONE
 THE STATE OF WASHINGTON,
                                                 No. 80030-2-I
                               Respondent,
               v.
                                                 UNPUBLISHED OPINION
 DONALD W. MORGAN,
                              Appellant.

       PER CURIAM — The State charged Donald Morgan with two counts of first

degree theft and two counts of second degree theft relating to his commission of

insurance fraud. As part of a plea agreement, the State agreed to dismiss all but

one count of first degree theft, and Morgan agreed to pay restitution on the

dismissed charges.

       The State and Morgan agreed to the sum of restitution for the second

degree thefts, but disputed the sum of restitution for the first degree thefts. Both

the State and Morgan presented physical evidence, including bank statements,

at a restitution hearing.

       Morgan first contends he was denied due process because the trial court

did not allow him to confront and cross-examine adverse witnesses. But we

have already rejected the argument that the Sixth Amendment right to confront

witnesses applies to restitution hearings. State v. Fambrough, 66 Wash. App. 223,

226-27, 831 P.2d 789 (1992). And Morgan’s reliance on Morrissey v. Brewer,

408 U.S. 471, 481, 92 S. Ct. 2593, 33 L. Ed. 2d 484 (1972), which involved due

process at parole revocation hearings, is misplaced because restitution hearings

do not involve the potential loss of a liberty interest.
No. 80030-2-I/2

       Morgan furthermore argues that both the Sixth Amendment and article I,

section 21 of the Washington State Constitution require a jury determination of

the facts necessary to set a restitution amount. But this claim has been rejected

by the Washington Supreme Court in State v. Kinneman, 155 Wash. 2d 272, 285,

119 P.3d 350 (2005). Though Morgan contends that Alleyne v. United States,

570 U.S. 99, 133 S. Ct. 2151, 186 L. Ed. 2d 314 (2013), has eroded the

reasoning of Kinneman, Alleyne held only that a fact that increases the

mandatory minimum penalty for a crime is an element that must be submitted to

the jury. Restitution does not involve a mandatory maximum or minimum penalty

and Alleyne is not implicated here. Morgan’s citation to Sofie v. Fibreboard

Corp., 112 Wash. 2d 636, 648, 771 P.2d 711, 780 P.2d 260 (1989) is similarly

uncompelling because Sofie was a civil case in which the court concluded that a

statute placing a limit on noneconomic damages was unconstitutional, because it

interfered with the jury's traditional function to determine damages. Morgan

provides no analysis of why Sofie applies in a criminal setting to the

determination of restitution.

       Affirmed.
                                          FOR THE COURT: