Court Opinion

ID: 7194782
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-07-24 17:01:11.152503+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:16:17.663363
License: Public Domain

On tiie Merits.
Fenner, J.
Defendant appeals from a judgment imposing upon him *55á fino of twenty ($20) dollars, and, in de,fa nit of payment, imprisonment-for ten days, as a penalty for the violation of an ordinance of the Police Jury of the Parish of Jefferson, passed in the following terms: “No railroad train shall he allowed to pass through the limits of the villages of this parish at a greater rate of speed than six miles an hour, and any conductor or engineer so offending shall, on conviction before a proper court, be fined for such offense, the sum of twenty ($20) dollars, or be imprisoned in the jail for a period not less than ten nor more than thirty days.’"
The suggestion that- we have no jurisdiction in such a case is without merit. It is undoubtedly a case “ wherein the constitutionality or legality of fine or penalty impost',d by a municipal corporation is in contestation,” and of all such cases, without limitation. Article 81 of the Constitution invests this Court, with jurisdiction.
Various defenses are urged ; one of which, however, is so radical that, being well founded, it dispenses us from the necessity of considering any others. This is the lack of authority in the Police. Jury to pass such an ordinance.
Police juries can only exercise such powers as have been granted to them in express terms, or such as are necessarily implied from, or incidental to, powers so expressly granted. Dillion Manic, dorp. § 353.
'flic power exercised by this ordinance to regulate the speed of railroad trains is certainly one not usually granted to, or claimed by, municipal bodies having such broad territorial jurisdiction as police juries. Such power is, indeed, frequently granted to incorporated towns and cities, and in cases where such bodies are vested with a general grant of police powers, perhaps the power to make such regulations would be considered as embraced therein.
Rut the. Legislature of this State has not seen fit to invest, the police juries of the.parishes with any general grant of police powers.
An examination of the provisions of the Revised Statutes under the title of “ Police Jury,” shows that the Legislature has very carefully limited and defined the powers granted -Jo these bodies, and nowhere therein can be found any grant embracing either expressly, or by implication, or as a necessary incident, the power asserted by the Police Jury in this ordinance.
Even had there been a general grant of police powers, we do not think it would, under any reasonable rdnslruction, have embraced tin- power here asserted, because it would have boon a power entirely outside of the usual functions of police juries hostile to public policy, and trenching upon the proper legislative domain. As every railroad train noces*56sarily runs through a succession of parishes, if each may require a rate of speed not exceeding six miles, all may do so, and the practical result might be. that no railroad train could run at a greater speed anywhere, in this State.
It is true the ordinance only refers to the passage of the, train through “ the villages of the parish ;” but if it may exercise the. power there, why not. elsewhere‘l Besides, what are “the villages of the parish V' We are not aware, of any law recognizing such municipal organizations. Any settlement may claim to be a “village” as well as another. Every plantation “ quarters ” might set- iq> its claim, and the. result would be that the unhappy conductor or engineer might hardly know when lie was in, or out of, the limits of a. “ village.”
Satisfied, as we are, that the Police Jury, in passing the ordinance, exceeded its powers, the penalty for its violation cannot be enforced.
It is, therefore, ordered that, the judgment appealed from be avoided and reversed, and that the defendant be discharged.