Court Opinion

ID: 4175009
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2017-06-07 13:11:33.21579+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:21:28.420078
License: Public Domain

[Cite as State v. Royal, 2017-Ohio-4146.]

                           IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
                 FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO
                            HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO

STATE OF OHIO,                              :    APPEAL NO. C-160666
                                                 TRIAL NO. B-1601222-A
     Plaintiff-Appellee,                    :

  vs.                                       :       O P I N I O N.

NEAL ROYAL,                                 :

     Defendant-Appellant.                   :

Criminal Appeal From: Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas

Judgment Appealed From Is: Affirmed

Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: June 7, 2017

Joseph T. Deters, Hamilton County Prosecuting Attorney, and Sean M. Donovan,
Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for Plaintiff-Appellee,

Engel & Martin, LLC, and Joshua Adam Engel, for Defendant-Appellant.
                    OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

MYERS, Judge.

         {¶1}   Defendant-appellant Neal Royal appeals the judgment of the Hamilton

County Common Pleas Court denying his postsentence motion to withdraw his guilty

pleas.

         {¶2}   Royal was indicted for two counts of felonious assault under R.C.

2903.11(A)(1), two counts of child endangering under R.C. 2919.22(B)(2), and two

counts of child endangering under R.C. 2919.22(B)(3). On July 11, 2016, in exchange

for the state’s dismissal of four counts, Royal entered guilty pleas to one count of

felonious assault and one count of child endangering, both of which were felonies of the

second degree.     The trial court found Royal guilty and continued the matter for

sentencing.

         {¶3}   At the sentencing hearing on August 11, 2016, the trial court sentenced

Royal to consecutive seven-year prison terms, for an aggregate 14-year prison sentence.

Upon hearing the sentence, Royal told the court that he wanted to withdraw his pleas

because his attorney had told him that he would receive “four to six years.”

         {¶4}   The trial court asked defense counsel whether Royal’s assertion was

correct. Defense counsel responded:

                I did not[.] * * * I told him the window of potential sentence was

         two to 16 years, your Honor; that it could be two years, it could be 16

         years; that same and similar cases here in Hamilton County have had the

         range between two to six. I said that I think it would - - it would come in

         between a four and six year sentence is what I told him. But I said the

         judge had the decision between two and 16.

         {¶5}   After hearing from both Royal and defense counsel, the trial court stated:

                I know at the time of the plea it’s always been my practice to ask

         you whether there were any promises made to you. And I’m free to

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                     OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

          sentence within the range, but just so long as it’s within the bounds of

          the law.

                 Now, at this point I’m denying your request to withdraw your

          plea, sir. If you wish, you may file the appropriate motion with the

          Court. But based on what I’ve heard here, it’s just that you’re not happy

          with the sentence. So it’s denied at this point.

                 If you want to retain counsel for appeal, you have 30 days to do

          so.

          {¶6}   Defense counsel informed the court that Royal was indigent and asked if

the court would appoint counsel for appellate purposes and for any other motions. The

court responded that it would. Royal now appeals.

          {¶7}   In his first assignment of error, Royal argues that he was denied the

effective assistance of counsel at the plea stage. A defendant seeking to withdraw a

guilty plea on the ground that counsel was ineffective must show that counsel’s

performance fell below an objective standard of reasonableness, and that there is a

reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, he would not have pleaded guilty

and would have insisted on going to trial. Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 58-59, 106

S.Ct. 366, 88 L.Ed.2d 203 (1985); State v. Xie, 62 Ohio St.3d 521, 524, 584 N.E.2d 715

(1992).

          {¶8}   Royal contends that counsel performed deficiently by misinforming him

about the likely sentence he would receive.           Defense counsel renders ineffective

assistance where counsel inaccurately represents a promise of a sentence to the

defendant. State v. Collins, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-970138, 1998 WL 57791, *7 (Feb.

13, 1998). However, we have recognized that there is a difference between defense

counsel’s inaccurate representation to his client that there is a promise or agreement as

to the sentence and defense counsel’s prediction of the sentence that his client will

likely receive. State v. Testerman, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-010040, 2001 WL 930125,

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                   OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

*3 (Aug. 17, 2001). Defense counsel’s mere inaccurate prediction of a defendant’s

sentence does not constitute ineffective assistance of counsel. See State v. Vinson, 8th

Dist. Cuyahoga No. 103329, 2016-Ohio-7604, ¶ 32; State v. Bryant, 2013-Ohio-5105, 1

N.E.3d 878, ¶ 32 (10th Dist.). Consequently, even if defense counsel inaccurately

predicted a lesser sentence, Royal has failed to demonstrate that counsel was

ineffective. See Bryant at ¶ 32; Vinson at ¶ 33-34. We overrule the first assignment of

error.

         {¶9}   In his second assignment of error, Royal argues that the trial court erred

by denying his postsentence motion to withdraw his guilty pleas. Under Crim.R. 32.1, a

defendant seeking to withdraw a guilty plea after sentence has been imposed has the

burden to establish manifest injustice. State v. Smith, 49 Ohio St.2d 261, 361 N.E.2d

1324 (1977), paragraph one of the syllabus. We review the trial court’s decision on a

Crim.R. 32.1 motion for an abuse of discretion. Id. at paragraph two of the syllabus.

         {¶10} According to Royal, a manifest injustice occurred because his pleas were
induced by counsel’s statement that he would likely receive a sentence of four to six

years, and therefore, were involuntary and unintelligent. “Manifest injustice may result

from counsel’s statements to a defendant regarding a promised sentence; however,

‘[m]anifest injustice does not ipso facto result’ from such statements.” State v. Alsip,

1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-130699, 2014-Ohio-4180, ¶ 9, quoting Testerman, 1st Dist.

Hamilton No. C-010400, 2001 WL 930125.

         {¶11} Contrary to Royal’s assertion, manifest injustice did not result from
counsel’s erroneous sentence prediction. See State v. Blatnik, 17 Ohio App.3d 201, 203,

478 N.E.2d 1016 (6th Dist.1984). The mere inaccurate prediction of the sentence did

not invalidate Royal’s pleas. At the plea hearing, the trial court complied with Crim.R.

11 in accepting Royal’s guilty pleas, and Royal does not contend otherwise. The court

informed Royal that he could be sentenced to eight years on each of the offenses, and

that the sentences could be ordered to be served consecutively, for a maximum

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                   OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

potential prison term of 16 years. Royal responded affirmatively when the court asked

him if he was aware of the potential sentences. In response to questioning by the court,

Royal denied that he had been promised anything in exchange for his pleas.

Consequently, the record supports a finding that Royal’s pleas were voluntarily and

intelligently made. See State v. Clark, 119 Ohio St.3d 239, 2008-Ohio-3748, 893

N.E.2d 462, ¶ 25-26.

        {¶12} The trial court properly denied Royal’s Crim.R. 32.1 motion upon its
finding that Royal had simply had a change of heart when the court imposed a 14-year

prison sentence. A mere change of heart is not a reasonable ground to justify the

withdrawal of a guilty plea. State v. Feller, 2012-Ohio-6016, 985 N.E.2d 210, ¶ 29 (1st

Dist.). This was not the extraordinary case where a postsentence motion to withdraw

should have been granted, and the trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying the

motion. See Smith, 49 Ohio St.2d at 264, 361 N.E.2d 1324. We overrule the second

assignment of error.

        {¶13} In his third assignment of error, Royal argues that the trial court erred by
denying him a hearing on his motion to withdraw his guilty pleas. A trial court must

hold an evidentiary hearing on a postsentence Crim.R. 32.1 motion if the facts alleged

in the motion, and accepted as true by the trial court, would require that the plea be

withdrawn. State v. Brown, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-010755, 2002-Ohio-5813, ¶ 20.

The decision whether to conduct a hearing on a Crim.R. 32.1 motion is addressed to the

trial court’s discretion. Id.

        {¶14} In this case, Royal’s only “motion” was an oral request at his sentencing
hearing that was never later supported with an affidavit or sworn testimony. Despite

the trial court’s indication that Royal could file an appropriate motion with the court

and that it would appoint counsel if Royal wanted to file such a motion, Royal did not

file a motion. The trial court gave fair consideration to Royal’s motion to withdraw his

guilty pleas, and was entitled to find defense counsel’s statements to be credible.

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                  OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

Notably, Royal never contradicted counsel’s statement that he made a prediction to

Royal, not a promise of any agreement. Although the hearing was truncated, it was a

hearing nonetheless, and was sufficient for the court to conclude that Royal had simply

had a change of heart. Therefore, we overrule the third assignment of error and affirm

the trial court’s judgment.

                                                                     Judgment affirmed.

ZAYAS, P.J., and MILLER, J., concur.

Please note:

       The court has recorded its own entry on the date of the release of this opinion.

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