Court Opinion

ID: 3190928
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2016-04-02 02:08:47.998335+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:35:49.223393
License: Public Domain

J-S28005-16

NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA,                  IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
                                                     PENNSYLVANIA
                            Appellee

                       v.

KEVIN SMALLER,

                            Appellant              No. 699 EDA 2013

           Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence January 29, 2013
             In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
                          Criminal Division at No(s):
                           CP-51-CR-0005562-2011
                           CP-51-CR-0006602-2009
                           CP-51-CR-0006605-2009

BEFORE: BOWES, LAZARUS AND PLATT,* JJ.

MEMORANDUM BY BOWES, J.:                           FILED APRIL 01, 2016

       Kevin Smaller1 appeals from the judgment of sentence of twelve and

one-half to thirty years imprisonment followed by five years probation. The

sentence was imposed after Appellant tendered a nolo contendere plea at

four criminal actions. We affirm.

       Appellant was charged at four separate criminal cases with numerous

offenses relating to his sexual abuse of children. At criminal case 6602 of

2009, the Commonwealth averred that between 2003 and 2008, when the
____________________________________________

1
 We note that Appellant’s name is spelled as Kevin K K. Smaller as well as
Kevin K. Smaller in various documents of record. Appellant, however, omits
any middle initial when he executes documents.

* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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victim M.B. was ten to fifteen years old, Appellant attempted to rape the girl.

He repeatedly exposed his penis to the complainant, touched her thighs and

vagina, and attempted to penetrate her anus and vagina with his penis. At

case number 6605-2009, Appellant was accused of sexually abusing I.S.

when she was eight to eleven years old.         As was the case with M.B.,

Appellant exposed his penis to I.S., touched her legs, thighs, and vagina,

and attempted to penetrate the child’s anus and vagina with his penis. At

criminal action 5562-2011, Appellant abused M.C. when he was between the

ages of seven and nine years old by repeatedly and forcibly penetrating the

boy’s anus with his penis. At the case number 1645 of 2010, Appellant was

accused of repeatedly raping I.C. vaginally and anally. The girl was five to

nine years old when the sexual abuse occurred.

      The four matters were consolidated for trial, and a jury was selected.

Just before the trial was to begin, Appellant tendered a negotiated nolo

contendere plea encompassing all four cases. At numbers 6602-2009 and

6605-2009, Appellant pled nolo contendere to two counts each of attempted

rape and unlawful contact with a minor. At number 1645 of 2010, Appellant

tendered a nolo contendere plea to one count of rape. On the fourth matter,

case number 5562 of 2011, Appellant’s plea was to a single count of

involuntary deviate sexual intercourse.

      Appellant indicated that no one forced or threatened him in any way to

plead nolo contendere, that the decision was his and his alone, and that he

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was satisfied with the services of his attorney. N.T. Trial (Jury), 1/29/13, at

15.   The trial court accepted the guilty plea and imposed the negotiated

sentence of twelve and one-half to thirty years followed by five years

probation.    Sentence was imposed on three cases, numbers 6602-2009,

6605-2009, and 5562-2011.        However, the trial court did not impose a

sentence at number 1645 of 2010, as it wanted to order a presentence

report, a mental health evaluation, and a Megan’s Law assessment for

purposes of that action.       The Commonwealth formally waived certain

mandatory minimum sentences that were applicable in all the cases, and the

matter was concluded. Appellant did not orally move to withdraw his plea

during the January 29, 2013 proceeding.         At that time, Appellant was

represented by Richard L. DeSipio, Esquire.

        Thereafter, on February 28, 2013, W. Fred Harrison, Jr. Esquire, filed

the present appeal at criminal cases 6602-2009, 6605-2009, and 5562-

2011.    Our review of the public docket sheet for case number 1645-2010

reveals that Appellant was permitted to withdraw his nolo contendere plea

therein and, on September 8, 2014, the Commonwealth nolle prossed that

case. In its brief filed herein, the Commonwealth reports that its withdrawal

was premised upon the fact that it had no effect on sentencing since

Appellant already received the sentence negotiated in exchange for his nolo

contendere plea.

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      We have carefully reviewed the dockets and certified records of the

three actions involved in the present appeal. Appellant failed to file a motion

to withdraw in any case. On November 7, 2014, present counsel, Charles A.

Klein, filed an entry of appearance on Appellant’s behalf in these actions. On

January 7, 2015, the trial court ordered the filing of a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)

statement, Appellant complied with this directive, and this appeal is now

ready for resolution. Appellant raises these issues:

            A. Did the trial court abuse its discretion in accepting
      appellant's pleas of nolo contendere, where appellant's proffered
      pleas were null and void ab initio, as they were not made
      knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily where: a) trial counsel
      threatened to and attempted to withdraw from case if appellant
      did not accept the Commonwealth's sentencing recommendation
      offer and b) the trial court unreasonably pressured appellant to
      decide on whether to accept the plea agreement or go to trial?

           B. Did Trial Counsel render ineffective assistance by
      pressuring appellant Defendant to plead nolo contendere to the
      above-charges even though defendant had steadfastly
      maintained his innocence?

            C. Did Trial Counsel render ineffective assistance of
      counsel by failing to file a post-sentence motion to withdraw
      appellant's nolo contendere pleas within ten (10) days from the
      imposition of sentence?

            D. Did First Appellate Counsel render ineffective assistance
      of counsel by failing to timely file a motion in the Superior Court
      requesting a remand to the trial court for the purpose of
      conducting a hearing on whether appellant should be permitted
      to withdraw his pleas of nolo contendere?

Appellant’s brief at 3.

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      Appellant’s first challenge is to the validity of his nolo contendere plea,

which he claims was procured by coercion from the trial court and trial

counsel.   Initially, we note that, in terms of its effect on a case, a nolo

contendere    plea    is   considered    the   equivalent   of   a   guilty    plea.

Commonwealth v. V.G., 9 A.3d 222, 226 (Pa.Super. 2010) (“It is well

established that a plea of nolo contendere is treated as a guilty plea in terms

of its effect upon a given case.”).        We conclude that Appellant’s first

challenge is waived due to his failure to raise it orally at sentencing or in a

post-sentence motion. As we have observed,

             Appellant's [challenges to the validity of his guilty plea] are
      waived because Appellant failed to file a post-sentence motion
      seeking to withdraw his guilty plea. “Issues not raised in the
      lower court are waived and cannot be raised for the first time on
      appeal.” Pa.R.A.P. 302(a), 42 Pa.C.S.A. Where an appellant fails
      to challenge his guilty plea in the trial court, he may not do so
      on appeal. Commonwealth v. Watson, 835 A.2d 786, 791
      (Pa.Super. 2003). In order to preserve an issue related to the
      guilty plea, an appellant must either “object at the . . . colloquy
      or otherwise raise the issue at the sentencing hearing or through
      a post-sentence motion.” Commonwealth v. D'Collanfield,
      805 A.2d 1244, 1246 (Pa.Super. 2002).

Commonwealth v. Tareila, 895 A.2d 1266, 1270 n.3 (Pa.Super. 2006).

As Appellant neither objected at the plea colloquy/sentencing nor filed a

post-sentence motion to withdraw his guilty plea, his challenge to the

validity of his guilty plea is waived.

      Appellant’s remaining claims relate to ineffective assistance of counsel.

He avers that trial court was ineffective for coercing him into accepting a

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plea and for failing to file a motion to withdraw it.          He also accuses prior

appellate counsel of rendering ineffective assistance of counsel by failing to

seek a remand for a hearing on whether Appellant should have been

permitted to withdraw his plea.

        Our Supreme Court announced in Commonwealth v. Grant, 813
A.2d 726 (2002), that allegations of ineffective assistance of counsel will no

longer be entertained on direct appeal.            Rather, such claims are to be

pursued pursuant to the provisions of the Post-Conviction Relief Act, 42

Pa.C.S. §§ 9541, et seq.        Our Supreme Court more recently articulated,

“[W]e hold that Grant's general rule of deferral to PCRA review remains the

pertinent law on the appropriate timing for review of claims of ineffective

assistance of counsel[.]”     Commonwealth v. Holmes, 79 A.3d 562, 563

(Pa. 2013).

        Appellant is aware of this precept and, in connection with his final

three    contentions   on    appeal,   states    the    following:    “Constrained   by

Commonwealth v. Holmes, 79 A.3d 562 (Pa. 2013), appellant reserves

the right to more fully develop his claims of ineffective assistance of trial

counsel [for pressuring him to enter a nolo contendere plea] for future

proceedings after the direct appeal has been ‘finally decided.’” Appellant’s

brief    at   17;   Accord     Appellant’s      brief   at   18      (“Constrained   by

Commonwealth v. Holmes, 79 A.3d 562 (Pa. 2013), appellant reserves

the right to more fully develop his claims of ineffective assistance of trial

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counsel and his first appellate counsel” in connection with their neglect to file

a motion to withdraw his guilty plea and ask for a hearing on the request to

withdraw “for future proceedings after the direct appeal has been ‘finally

litigated.’”); Appellant’s brief at 19 (same).    Accordingly, Appellant’s final

three claims, which pertain to ineffective assistance of counsel, are deferred

to collateral review.

      Judgment of sentence affirmed.

      Judge Lazarus Joins the memorandum.

      Judge Platt Concurs in the Result.

Judgment Entered.

Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary

Date: 4/1/2016

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