Court Opinion

ID: 4261989
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2018-04-06 15:10:17.823529+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T14:30:03.213544
License: Public Domain

NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE REHEARING
                      MOTION AND, IF FILED, DETERMINED

                                             IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL
                                             OF FLORIDA
                                             SECOND DISTRICT

In re Guardianship of Donald H. Jones, )
an incapacitated person.               )
___________________________________)
                                       )
MICHAEL C. LYUBLANOVITS,               )
                                       )
             Appellant,                )
                                       )
v.                                     )               Case No. 2D17-2237
                                       )
NANCY L. ZEBNY, as guardian of         )
Donald H. Jones, an incapacitated      )
person,                                )
                                       )
             Appellee.                 )
___________________________________)

Opinion filed April 6, 2018.

Appeal from the Circuit Court for Pinellas
County; Mark I. Shames, Judge.

Gerald L. Hemness, Jr., of Emma Hemness,
P.A., Brandon, for Appellant.

Brandon D. Bellew and Caitlein J. Jammo of
Johnson, Pope, Bokor, Ruppel & Burns,
LLP, Clearwater, for Appellee.

KHOUZAM, Judge.

              Michael C. Lyublanovits appeals the trial court's decision appointing

Nancy Zebny, who was the emergency temporary guardian, as the plenary guardian of
Donald Jones. Because we find that the trial court appropriately waived the limitations

restricting a previously serving emergency temporary guardian from serving as a

permanent guardian and appropriately gave weight to Mr. Jones' wishes that Ms. Zebny

remain as plenary guardian pursuant to section 744.312, Florida Statutes (2016), we

affirm.

             By way of background, the underlying petition to determine incapacity and

appointment of an emergency temporary guardian arose because Mr. Lyublanovits was

allegedly unduly influencing Mr. Jones, a ninety-seven-year-old man with dementia, to

change his long-term estate plan for the benefit of Mr. Lyublanovits.1 The trial court

entered an order appointing Ms. Zebny as the emergency temporary guardian of Mr.

Jones.

             During Ms. Zebny's five-month tenure as the temporary guardian, she

assisted Mr. Jones in a variety of matters. She assisted him in his day-to-day affairs,

provided counseling, and helped him cope with his wife's death. As a grief counselor,

licensed clinical social worker, and professional guardian with an educational

background in mental health, Ms. Zebny developed a positive rapport with Mr. Jones,

using her knowledge and training to his benefit. Mr. Jones had no next of kin and

expressed his request that Ms. Zebny "stay on" as his permanent guardian.

             Mr. Lyublanovits argues that section 744.312 prohibits the appointment of

Ms. Zebny because she served as Mr. Jones' emergency temporary guardian and

therefore was disqualified from serving as his permanent guardian. He also argues that

             1Wenote that Mr. Lyublanovits testified that he was a friend of Mr. Jones
and had known him for over thirty years.

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because she has no "special talent or specific prior experience" as required by section

744.312, it was error for the trial court to have appointed her. We disagree.

              "We review a probate court's determination regarding the appointment of a

guardian under an abuse of discretion standard." In re Guardianship of Stephens, 965
So. 2d 847, 849 (Fla. 2d DCA 2007). And since the appointment of guardian is within

the trial court's discretion, the trial court's decision "must be supported by logic and

justification" and "founded on substantial competent evidence." Id. (quoting In re

Guardianship of Sitter, 779 So. 2d 346, 348 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000)); see also Morris v.

Knight, 1 So. 3d 1236, 1238 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009) (same).

              Generally, section 744.312 provides that a trial court may appoint "any

person who is fit and proper and qualified to act as guardian." § 744.312(2). It also

provides that the court shall consider, among other things, "the wishes expressed by an

incapacitated person as to who shall be appointed guardian." § 744.312(3)(a). This

statute, however, also places some "limitations" on the trial court's ability to appoint a

guardian. See § 744.312(4)(b). Specifically, section 744.312(4)(b) provides as follows:

              An emergency temporary guardian who is a professional
              guardian may not be appointed as the permanent guardian
              of a ward unless one of the next of kin of the alleged
              incapacitated person or the ward requests that the
              professional guardian be appointed as permanent guardian.
              The court may waive the limitations of this paragraph if the
              special requirements of the guardianship demand that the
              court appoint a guardian because he or she has special
              talent or specific prior experience. The court must make
              specific findings of fact that justify waiving the limitations of
              this paragraph.

              In other words, this section restricts the trial court's ability to appoint "[a]n

emergency temporary guardian who is a professional guardian . . . as the permanent

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guardian" to situations where either the alleged incapacitated person's next of kin or the

ward "requests that the professional guardian be appointed as permanent guardian." §

744.312(4)(b). However, the statute also makes clear that a trial court "may waive"

those limitations and appoint the professional guardian as the permanent guardian "if

the special requirements of the guardianship demand that the court appoint a guardian"

with "special talent or specific prior experience." Id. The ordinary meaning of the term

"demand" is to ask or call for something in an authoritative manner. See, e.g., Demand,

Merriam-Webster.com, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/demand (last

visited Mar. 8, 2018) (defining "demand" as "to ask or call for with authority, claim as

due or just"). And in the event that the guardianship justly calls for the appointment of a

professional guardian with special talent or specific prior experience, the trial court

"must make specific findings of fact that justify waiving the limitations of this paragraph."

§ 744.312(4)(b).

              In this case, the trial court, after conducting an evidentiary hearing,

provided a detailed order setting forth its specific findings of fact in support of waiving

the limitations of section 744.312(4)(b). Those findings of facts were supported by

competent substantial evidence in the record. Notably, the record reflects that Ms.

Zebny's special skill set and qualifications include being a case manager for twenty-five

years in the areas of grief, bereavement, and crisis intervention. She holds a master's

degree and is also a licensed clinical social worker, a hospice end-of-life counselor, and

a practicing therapist and counselor who can both diagnose mental illness and develop

plans to assist Mr. Jones with his memory loss and decision making. The record

reflects that this expertise makes Ms. Zebny specially equipped to counsel Mr. Jones on

                                             -4-
end-of-life situations, as well as deal with Mr. Jones' daily struggle with his wife's death.

In fact, having these skills has allowed Ms. Zebny to not only assist Mr. Jones in his

grief but also to identify any "dysfunctional" grief coping mechanisms Mr. Jones may

experience. As a result, we cannot conclude based on the record before us that the trial

court abused its discretion in finding that Mr. Jones' guardianship demanded the

appointment of Ms. Zebny.2

              Furthermore, the trial court found, as contemplated by section

744.312(3)(a), that Mr. Jones expressed his wish that Ms. Zebny remain as his

guardian. Indeed, at the evidentiary hearing, testimony was presented that Mr. Jones

mentioned about six or seven times that he liked Ms. Zebny as his guardian. Testimony

was also presented that to the extent possible, Mr. Jones recognizes Ms. Zebny as an

authority figure in his life and accepts and relies upon her judgment. The trial court

properly gave weight to his wishes by appointing her as his permanent guardian.

              Accordingly, having carefully reviewed the record, we conclude that the

trial court did not abuse its discretion in appointing Ms. Zebny to be the plenary

guardian of Mr. Jones as its decision was supported by competent substantial evidence.

              Affirmed.

LaROSE, C.J., and ROTHSTEIN-YOUAKIM, J., Concur.

              2We    reject Mr. Lyublanovits' argument that the trial court erred in
disregarding the term "demand" in its application of section 744.312(4)(b). The record
shows that while the trial court recognized at the evidentiary hearing that it was
"arguabl[e]" as to whether Mr. Jones' situation "demand[ed]" Ms. Zebny's appointment,
the trial court ultimately found in its written order that it "was appropriate to waive the
limitations of [section] 744.312(4)(b)." We further note that at the evidentiary hearing,
the trial court stated that "my interpretation of the word 'demand' contemplates my
findings . . . ." These findings were adequately set forth at the evidentiary hearing and
in the final order.

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