Court Opinion

ID: 3020615
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-13 22:23:12.836141+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T15:03:31.445957
License: Public Domain

United States Court of Appeals
                         FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
                                ___________

                                No. 97-2677
                                ___________

Kevin L. Gaten,                        *
                                       *
             Appellant,                *
                                       *
      v.                               *
                                       *
Richard E. Hudson, Police Detective;   * Appeal from the United States
John Doe, Police Chief,                * District Court for the
                                       * Eastern District of Missouri.
             Appellees,                *
                                       *         [UNPUBLISHED]
Samuel J. Hais, St. Louis County       *
Judge; Janet Reno, US Attorney         *
General; John P. Sutton, Spec. Agent   *
in Charge, Drug Enforcement            *
Agency,                                *
                                       *
             Defendants.               *
                                  ___________

                       Submitted: December 30, 1997

                            Filed: April 6, 1998
                                ___________
Before McMILLIAN, BEAM, and MORRIS SHEPPARD ARNOLD, Circuit Judges.
                             ___________

PER CURIAM.

      In 1991, after St. Louis police officers seized $1,442 in currency and other
personal property from Kevin L. Gaten-Bey,1 the currency was transferred to the Drug
Enforcement Administration (DEA). The DEA published notice of the seizure in USA
Today for three weeks and sent notice of the seizure by certified mail to Mr. Gaten-
Bey&s home; Mr. Gaten-Bey did not file a claim; and the currency was forfeited to the
federal government pursuant to 21 U.S.C. § 881.

       In 1995, Mr. Gaten-Bey filed this action, complaining that the original search
warrant was issued without probable cause and based upon a false affidavit, and that
he received no response to his inquiries regarding his seized property. The district
court2 dismissed the claims against Judge Samuel Hais prior to service, pursuant to 28
U.S.C. § 1915(d) (1994) (current version at 28 U.S.C.A. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(i) (West
Supp. 1997)). The district court3 later denied Mr. Gaten-Bey&s motion for appointment
of counsel; granted Attorney General Janet Reno and DEA Agent John Sutton summary
judgment; and, finding Mr. Gaten-Bey&s subsequent pleadings clarified that he was
seeking recovery of his forfeited $1,442 in currency, dismissed the action as to Officer
Richard Hudson and Police Chief “John Doe.” Mr. Gaten-Bey appeals.

      1
       Although the plaintiff is identified in the district court and Eighth Circuit
captions as “Gaten,” he has consistently referred to himself as “Gaten-Bey.”
      2
        The Honorable Charles A. Shaw, United States District Judge for the Eastern
District of Missouri.
      3
       The Honorable Mary Ann L. Medler, United States Magistrate Judge for the
Eastern District of Missouri, to whom the case was referred for final disposition by
consent of the parties pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c).

                                          -2-
         We conclude summary judgment was proper as to Attorney General Reno and
Agent Sutton. Contrary to Mr. Gaten-Bey&s argument, the DEA was permitted to
receive the currency without a court order, see Madewell v. Downs, 68 F.3d 1030,
1037-45 (8th Cir. 1995), and the DEA provided him adequate notice prior to the
forfeiture, see 19 U.S.C. § 1607(a) (requiring written notice to interested parties); 21
C.F.R. § 1316.75(a) (1997) (requiring newspaper publication); United States v.
Woodall, 12 F.3d 791, 794-95 (8th Cir. 1993) (adequacy of notice is measured at time
notice is sent; in forfeiture action, defenses such as lack of probable cause are waived
if no claim is filed after adequate notice). After carefully reviewing the record, we agree
with the district court that Mr. Gaten-Bey&s claims against Officer Hudson and Police
Chief “Doe” essentially sought release of the forfeited currency. Such a challenge to
the forfeiture is foreclosed by Mr. Gaten-Bey&s failure to respond after proper notice
in the forfeiture proceeding. See 19 U.S.C. § 1609(b) (administrative forfeiture has
force and effect of “final decree and order” of judicial forfeiture); 21 U.S.C. § 881(h)
(all title in forfeited property vests in United States as of date of commission of act
giving rise to forfeiture).

       We conclude the district court did not abuse its discretion in denying Mr. Gaten-
Bey&s motion for appointment of counsel. See Plummer v. Grimes, 87 F.3d 1032, 1033
(8th Cir. 1996). His contention that he was entitled to prospective declaratory or
injunctive relief against Judge Hais is unsupported. We decline to address Mr. Gaten-
Bey&s substantive due process claim raised for the first time on appeal. See Renfro v.
Swift Eckrich, Inc., 53 F.3d 1460, 1464 (8th Cir. 1995).

      Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the district court.

                                           -3-
A true copy.

      Attest:

               CLERK, U.S. COURT OF APPEALS, EIGHTH CIRCUIT.

                              -4-