Court Opinion

ID: 3120370
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2015-10-16 08:38:57.099316+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T11:53:04.719277
License: Public Domain

Opinion issued November 21, 2012.

                                      In The

                               Court of Appeals
                                      For The

                          First District of Texas
                            ————————————
                               NO. 01-12-00352-CV
                            ———————————
                       ENARUNA OGBEIDE, Appellant
                                         V.
 LAURA LIMBRICK AND THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE STATE
                   OF TEXAS, Appellees

               On Appeal from the 387th Judicial District Court
                          Fort Bend County, Texas
                   Trial Court Case No. 11-DCV-187093

                          MEMORANDUM OPINION

      Appellant, Enaruna Ogbeide, challenges the trial court’s entry of a default

judgment in favor of appellees, Laura Limbrick and the Attorney General of the

State of Texas, in their suit against him affecting his parent-child relationship. In
five issues, Ogbeide contends that the trial court erred in not granting a rehearing

or a new trial, awarding retroactive child support and pre- and post-natal expenses,

and not making findings of fact and conclusions of law.

      We affirm.

                                    Background

      The Attorney General’s office filed its “Original Petition In Suit Affecting

the Parent-Child Relationship” on January 11, 2011, asking the trial court to

“appoint appropriate conservators” and “order appropriate current and retroactive

child and medical support” for the child of Limbrick and Ogbeide. Ogbeide filed

an answer, in which he generally denied “the allegations in the Original Petition.”

Limbrick filed an “Original Answer and Counterpetition,” asserting that it is “in

the best interest of the child” that she be appointed sole managing conservator of

the child. She further asked the trial court to order Ogbeide to pay current and

retroactive child support and for pre- and post-natal care of herself and the child.

      On November 16, 2011, the trial court held a hearing before Associate Judge

Walter Williams. On January 5, 2012, the trial court entered a default order,

stating that Ogbeide “was duly notified of trial” but “failed to appear and

defaulted.” The trial court appointed Limbrick to be the child’s sole managing

conservator and appointed Ogbeide to be the child’s possessory conservator. The

trial court also ordered Ogbeide to pay Limbrick $1,414 per month in current child

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support, $9,848 in retroactive child support, $1,804.50 in retroactive health-

insurance reimbursement, and $96,155.70 for pre- and post-natal care

reimbursement.

         On January 20, 2012, Ogbeide filed a motion for new trial, asking Presiding

Judge Robert J. Kern to grant a new trial in the case. He also asserted that his

“failure to appear was not intentional” and he could raise “meritorious defenses to

several of the contested issues.”     The trial court’s docket sheet reflects that on

February 9, 2012, the trial court held a hearing on Ogbeide’s motion for new trial

and denied the motion. On February 22, 2012, Ogbeide filed a request for findings

of fact and conclusions of law.

                                  Standard of Review

         In determining issues of conservatorship, “[t]he best interest of the child

shall always be the primary consideration” of the trial court. TEX. FAM. CODE

ANN. § 153.002 (Vernon 2008); In re K.R.P., 80 S.W.3d 669, 674 (Tex. App.—

Houston [1st Dist.] 2002, pet. denied). Trial courts have wide discretion with

respect to custody, control, possession, support, and visitation matters. Gillespie v.

Gillespie, 644 S.W.2d 449, 451 (Tex. 1982); In re K.R.P., 80 S.W.3d at 674. Thus,

we review a trial court’s order granting child support for abuse of discretion.

Turner v. Turner, 47 S.W.3d 761, 763 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2001, no

pet.).

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      We review a trial court’s denial of a motion for new trial for an abuse of

discretion. See Cliff v. Huggins, 724 S.W.2d 778, 778–79 (Tex. 1987).              To

determine whether a trial court abused its discretion, we must decide whether the

trial court acted without reference to any guiding rules or principles; in other

words, we must decide whether the act was arbitrary or unreasonable. Cire v.

Cummings, 134 S.W.3d 835, 838–39 (Tex. 2004).

                                Reporter’s Record

       We note at the outset that a reporter’s record has not been filed in this

Court. The trial court’s docket sheet and both parties’ briefs indicate that the trial

court held recorded hearings on November 16, 2011 on the custody and support

determinations and February 9, 2012 on Ogbeide’s motion for new trial. Ogbeide

has filed in this Court what appears to be a transcription, prepared by “Compex

Legal Services, Inc,” of an audio recording from the November 16, 2011 hearing.

There are no filings in this Court regarding a reporter’s record of the February 9,

2012 hearing.

      On May 23, 2012, we sent Ogbeide a notice stating that the document he had

filed “does not contain the signature of a court reporter but merely contains a series

of random characters” as a signature. We informed him that appellants “must

request in writing that the official reporter prepare the reporter’s record” and the

reporter’s record must be prepared, certified, and filed by the official reporter. See

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TEX. R. APP. P. 34.3, 34.6(b)(1). Accordingly, we informed Ogbeide that the

document did not satisfy the requirements for filing a reporter’s record under the

Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure.

      We also sent the trial court’s court reporter a notice, which was forwarded to

Ogbeide, that the reporter’s record was due to be filed in this Court on May 4,

2012, but had not yet been received. We directed the court reporter to file the

reporter’s record by June 22, 2012 or inform us why a reporter’s record had not

been filed. On September 27, 2012, the court reporter informed us that Ogbeide

did not make payment arrangements for the reporter’s record and Ogbeide is not

indigent.

      The Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure provide that:

      Under the following circumstances, and if the clerk’s record has been
      filed, the appellate court may—after first giving the appellant notice
      and a reasonable opportunity to cure—consider and decide those
      issues or points that do not require a reporter’s record for a decision.
      The court may do this if no reporter’s record has been filed because:

      (1)    the appellant failed to request a reporter’s record; or

      (2)    (A) appellant failed to pay or make arrangements to pay the
             reporter’s fee to prepare the reporter’s record; and

             (B) the appellant is not entitled to proceed without payment of
             costs.

TEX. R. APP. P. 37.3(c).

                                          5
      An appellant bears the burden to bring forward an appellate record that

enables the appellate court to determine whether the appellant’s complaints

constitute reversible error. See Enter. Leasing of Houston v. Barrios, 156 S.W.3d
547, 549 (Tex. 2004) (per curiam); Christiansen v. Prezelski, 782 S.W.2d 842, 843

(Tex. 1990) (stating that burden is on appellant to present sufficient record to show

error requiring reversal). If the appellant desires a reporter’s record on appeal, he

must request the court reporter to prepare the record and arrange for payment of

the reporter’s fee for doing so. See TEX. R. APP. P. 35.3(b). The request must

designate the exhibits to be included and be filed with the trial court. TEX. R. APP.

P. 34.6(b).   When the issues on appeal necessarily involve consideration of

evidence omitted from the appellate record, we must presume the missing evidence

supports the trial court’s ruling.   See Barrios, 156 S.W.3d at 550; Willms v.

Americas Tire Co., Inc., 190 S.W.3d 796, 806 (Tex. App.—Dallas 2006, pet.

denied) (evidence presumed to be sufficient to support trial court’s order when

appellant fails to bring reporter’s record). Issues depending on the state of the

evidence cannot be reviewed without a complete record, including the reporter’s

record. See Favaloro v. Comm’n for Lawyer Discipline, 994 S.W.2d 815, 820–21

(Tex. App.—Dallas 1999, pet. struck). If the appellant fails to bring forward a

complete record, the court will conclude he has waived issues dependent on the

state of the evidence. Id.

                                         6
                                   Child Support

      In his third issue, Ogbeide argues that the trial court erred in entering its

order regarding retro-active child support because it was “based on [his] earnings

in November 2011” and “not based on his earnings when he was employed only

part time . . . in April 2011.” In his fourth issue, Ogbeide argues that the trial court

erred in awarding reimbursement for Limbrick pre- and post-natal care because

“[m]ost, if not all, of this child’s medical expenses were covered by . . . Limbrick’s

group insurance through her employment.”

      Ogbeide asserts that he was “employed only part time and delivering pizza”

during the time period for retroactive support and the child’s birth was “covered by

[Limbrick’s] health insurance.” In support of these assertions, Ogbeide cites only

his affidavit in support of his motion for new trial. This evidence was not before

the trial court during the November 16, 2011 hearing when it heard the evidence

underlying its default judgment. Again, we note that Ogbeide has not provided this

Court with a reporter’s record of that proceeding. Thus, we must presume that the

evidence presented at that hearing supports the trial court’s default order. See

Barrios, 156 S.W.3d at 550. Accordingly, we cannot conclude that the trial court

abused its discretion in awarding Limbrick $9,848 in retroactive child support and

$192,311.40 for reimbursement for pre- and post-natal health care.

      We overrule Ogbeide’s third and fourth issues.

                                           7
                               Motion for New Trial

      In his first and second issues, Ogbeide argues that the trial court erred in not

granting a rehearing and not granting a new trial because he had been informed

that “this case would be continued and reset” and he “did not get notice of the

default order until January 15, 2012.”

      A party may request a de novo hearing on an associate judge’s findings

before the referring court by filing a written request not later than the seventh

working day after the date the party receives notice of the substance of the

associate judge’s report. TEX. FAM. CODE ANN. § 201.015(a) (Vernon Supp. 2012).

A party is also entitled to a new trial on a default judgment if he demonstrates that

(1) his failure to appear was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference;

(2) there is a meritorious defense; and (3) granting a new trial will not operate to

cause delay or injury to the plaintiff. Craddock v. Sunshine Bus Lines, 134 Tex.
388, 392–93, 133 S.W.2d 124, 126 (1939). The trial court must test the motion for

new trial and evidence against the requirements of Craddock and grant the motion

if those requirements are met. See Strackbein v. Prewitt, 671 S.W.2d 37, 39 (Tex.

1984).

      Here, the trial court held a hearing on Ogbeide’s motion for new trial on

February 9, 2012, but Ogbeide has failed to provide this Court with a reporter’s

record of that hearing. Thus, we must presume that the evidence adduced at that

                                          8
hearing supports the trial court’s denial of Ogbeide’s motion for new trial. See

Barrios, 156 S.W.3d at 550 Ogbeide has not established that he timely filed his

motion1 pursuant to section 201.015(a) or that he demonstrated to the trial court

that he satisfied the three Craddock factors entitling him to a new trial.

Accordingly, we cannot conclude that the trial court abused its discretion in

denying Ogbeide’s motion for new trial.

      We overrule Ogbeide’s first and second issues.

                     Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law

      In his fifth issue, Ogbeide argues that he is entitled to a new trial because the

trial court erred in not making findings of fact and conclusions of law to support its

award of child support in the amount of $1,414 per month. In any case tried in a

district or county court without a jury, any party may request the court to state in

writing its findings of fact and conclusions of law. TEX. R. CIV. P. 296. A request

must be filed within twenty days after the judgment is signed. Id. The court

“shall” file its findings of fact and conclusions of law within twenty days after a

timely request is filed. TEX. R. CIV. P. 297. Here, the trial court entered its default

order on January 5, 2012, but Ogbeide did not file his “Request for Findings of

1
      Ogbeide asserts in his brief, for the first time, that he did not receive notice of the
      trial court’s default order until January 15, 2012 because Limbrick did not file a
      “certificate of last known address” and the notice was sent to his old address.
      However, Ogbeide did not raise this issue in the trial court in either his motion for
      new trial or its supporting affidavits from Ogbeide and his attorney.
                                             9
Fact and Conclusions of Law” until February 22, 2012. Thus, Ogbeide did not

timely request findings of fact or conclusions of law, and the trial court was not

obligated to file any findings of fact or conclusions of law. 2 See, e.g., Williams v.

Kaufman, 275 S.W.3d 637, 642 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 2009, no pet.).

      We overrule Ogbeide’s fifth issue.

                                       Conclusion

      We affirm the judgment of the trial court.

                                                 Terry Jennings
                                                 Justice

Panel consists of Justices Jennings, Higley, and Sharp.

2
      We also note that the trial court’s docket sheet seems to indicate that the trial court
      did file findings of fact and conclusions of law on April 10, 2012. However, if the
      trial court made such findings, they do not appear in this record.
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