Court Opinion

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Date Created: 2015-10-13 23:16:49.48692+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T07:38:05.695570
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Opinions of the United
2009 Decisions                                                                                                             States Court of Appeals
                                                                                                                              for the Third Circuit

5-7-2009

Gabriel Jennings v. Ronnie Holt
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential

Docket No. 08-4594

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Recommended Citation
"Gabriel Jennings v. Ronnie Holt" (2009). 2009 Decisions. Paper 1391.
http://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/thirdcircuit_2009/1391

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CLD-149                                                       NOT PRECEDENTIAL

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                            FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
                                 ___________

                                      No. 08-4594
                                      ___________

                                 GABRIEL JENNINGS,
                                                Appellant

                                            v.

                           RONNIE R. HOLT, WARDEN;
                              ALBERTO GONZALEZ,
                        U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL, ET. AL.
                      ____________________________________

                    On Appeal from the United States District Court
                       for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
                            (D.C. Civil No. 07-cv-03852)
                      District Judge: Honorable John P. Fullam
                     ____________________________________

         Submitted for Possible Dismissal Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)
         or Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6
                                        April 2, 2009
          Before: RENDELL, HARDIMAN AND ALDISERT, Circuit Judges

                              (Opinion filed: May 7, 2009 )
                                      _________

                                       OPINION
                                       _________

PER CURIAM

      Gabriel Jennings appeals pro se from the District Court’s orders dismissing his

petition filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241 and denying his motions for reconsideration
and to set status conference. For the reasons that follow, we will dismiss the appeal.

                                              I.

       In 1991, Jennings was convicted in the United States District Court for the Eastern

District of Pennsylvania of arson (pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 844(i)), in addition to other

drug-related and conspiracy offenses.

       His convictions and sentence were affirmed on direct appeal. After his first § 2255

motion was denied in 1993, Jennings received authorization from this Court in 1997 to

file a second or successive § 2255 motion. See C.A. 93-1120; C.A.. No. 97-8004. The

District Court granted in part Jennings’s § 2255 motion, vacated his firearm convictions

under United States v. Bailey, 516 U.S. 137 (1995), and vacated his conviction for

engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise under Rutledge v. United States, 517 U.S.

292 (1996). On appeal, this Court declined to issue a certificate of appealability. See

C.A. No. 98-1352.

       Jennings then filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus pursuant to § 2241 in the

United States District Court for the District of Colorado, which denied the petition. In

January 2001, Jennings filed a § 2244 application in this Court, seeking permission to file

a successive § 2255 motion based on Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000) and

Jones v. United States, 529 U.S. 848 (2000). We denied Jennings’s application “without

prejudice to his right to file a petition for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §

2241 to challenge his conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 844(i), in light of Jones v. United

                                              2
States, 120 S. Ct. 1904 (2000), in the District Court in the district of his confinement.”

See C.A. No. 00-4257.

       In June 2001, Jennings, who was incarcerated in Pollock, Louisiana, filed a § 2241

petition in the United States District Court for the Western District of Louisiana, raising

his Apprendi and Jones claims. The District Court transferred Jennings’s petition to this

Court for authorization pursuant to §§ 2244 and 2255. In September 2001, we denied

Jennings’s application, again noting that the application was denied without prejudice to

re-filing “in the District Court in the district of his confinement, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §

2241.” See C.A. No. 01-2887.

       Jennings re-filed his § 2241 petition in the United States District Court for the

District of Louisiana, which dismissed the petition with prejudice, holding that Jennings

did not demonstrate that § 2255 was inadequate or ineffective and that, therefore, his

application could not be heard under § 2241. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals

affirmed.

       In August 2003, Jennings returned to this Court, once again seeking authorization

pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 2244 and 2255. He reiterated his Jones claim, in addition to

other claims regarding his sentencing and ineffective assistance of counsel. We denied

Jennings’s request to file a second or successive motion because he not meet the criteria

prescribed by 28 U.S.C.§§ 2244 and 2255. The order noted that the “denial of relief is

without prejudice to Jennings seeking a writ of error coram nobis in the district court in

                                              3
which he was convicted on the basis of Jones v. United States, 529 U.S. 848, 120 S.Ct.

1904 (2000).” See C.A. 03-3251. It is unclear from the record before us whether he filed

such a petition.

         In September 2007, Jennings, who was imprisoned at that time at USP – Canaan in

Waymart, Pennsylvania, filed a § 2241 petition in the United States District Court for the

Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Jennings argued that the basis for his petition was that

his conviction under 18 U.S.C. § 844(i) was void in light of Jones. In Jones, the Court

held that a defendant could not be convicted for violating 18 U.S.C. § 844(i) unless the

property was currently used in commerce or in an activity affecting commerce. Jones,

529 U.S. at 859. According to Jennings, the arson for which he was convicted under §

844(i) involved a personal residence and, therefore, he was convicted of a non-existent

crime.

         The District Court concluded that because Jennings sought to have his sentence

voided and be released from custody, he should seek relief via 28 U.S.C. § 2255 rather

than § 2241; and because he had already filed such a motion, he could not do so again

without first obtaining permission from this Court. Jennings filed a motion for

reconsideration, which the District Court denied, noting: “To the extent that Plaintiff

seeks to file a petition under 18 U.S.C. § 844(i), he must do so in the district of his

confinement, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241.” Jennings appeals.

                                               4
                                              II.

       We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Because Jennings is proceeding in

forma pauperis, we must dismiss the appeal under 28 U.S.C. § 1915 (e)(2)(B) if it is

legally frivolous.

       A § 2241 petition must be filed in the district where the petitioner is confined. 28

U.S.C. § 2241(a); Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 542 U.S. 426, 443 (2004) (“The plain language of

the habeas statute thus confirms the general rule that for core habeas petitions challenging

present physical confinement, jurisdiction lies in only one district: the district of

confinement.”) When he filed his petition, Jennings was housed at USP Canaan in

Waymart, Pennsylvania, which is in the Middle District of Pennsylvania.1 Despite being

repeatedly advised by us that any § 2241 petition he may wish to file should be filed in

the district of his confinement, he filed it in the Eastern District. Thus, the District Court

lacked jurisdiction and properly dismissed Jennings’s petition and denied his motion for

reconsideration. Accordingly, we will dismiss the appeal pursuant to § 1915(e)(2)(B).

   1
   On March 20, 2009, Jennings filed a notice of change of address advising the District
Court that he was now housed in USP Atlanta in Atlanta, Georgia.

                                               5