Court Opinion

ID: 9413996
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2023-08-01 23:34:17.531279+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T16:46:59.403988
License: Public Domain

RHESA HAWKINS BARKSDALE, Circuit Judge,
specially concurring:
Pursuant to the stated controlling rule of contract interpretation — the ordinary meaning of the text governs in the absence of an absurd result and each provision is read in light of the others — “includes” is employed in the provision at issue to exhaustively define “land motor vehicle”. This is demonstrated, in part, by the different uses, in that provision, of “includes” and of the immediately following “includes, but is not limited to”: the former, for a complete, or exhaustive, list; the latter, for a partial, or illustrative, one.
Accordingly, I concur only in the judgment in favor of J.C. Penny Life Insurance company.