Court Opinion

ID: 6349326
Source: CourtListenerOpinion
Date Created: 2022-06-13 20:00:26.664675+00
Date Added: 2024-06-11T09:12:15.115949
License: Public Domain

NOT FOR PUBLICATION                           FILED
                    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS                        JUN 13 2022
                                                                      MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
                                                                       U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

RAUL HERNANDO HERNANDEZ-                 No. 18-70617
BUENO, AKA Ramon Cruz Beltran, AKA
Juan Fernandez, AKA Juan David Fernandez Agency No. A205-719-475
Abadilla, AKA Oscar Hernandez, AKA
Charlie Jimenez,
                                         MEMORANDUM*
               Petitioner,

 v.

MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney
General,

                Respondent.

                     On Petition for Review of an Order of the
                         Board of Immigration Appeals

                              Submitted May 18, 2022**
                                Pasadena, California

Before: KLEINFELD, MILLER, and COLLINS, Circuit Judges.

      Raul Hernando Hernandez-Bueno, a native and citizen of Colombia,

petitions for review of an order of the Board of Immigration Appeals denying his

      *
             This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
      **
             The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
applications for cancellation of removal, asylum, withholding of removal, and

protection under the Convention Against Torture (CAT). We have jurisdiction

under 8 U.S.C. § 1252, and we dismiss the petition for review in part and deny it in

part.

        1.   The Board determined that Hernandez-Bueno’s two convictions for

grand theft under California Penal Code § 487(a) constituted crimes involving

moral turpitude, making him statutorily ineligible for cancellation of removal. See

8 U.S.C. §§ 1182(a)(2), 1229b(b)(1)(C). Whether a crime involves moral turpitude

is a question of law that we review de novo. Latter-Singh v. Holder, 668 F.3d

1156, 1159 (9th Cir. 2012). Hernandez-Bueno argues that grand theft does not

qualify, but his argument is foreclosed by our recent decision in Silva v. Garland,

993 F.3d 705 (9th Cir. 2021), in which we held that petty theft under California

Penal Code § 484(a) is a crime involving moral turpitude. Id. at 717. Although we

did not directly consider whether a conviction for grand theft under section 487(a)

would similarly qualify, we observed that “the elements of petty theft are the same

as grand theft, apart from the amount or type of property taken.” Id. at 710 n.1. It

follows that a violation of section 487(a) “constitutes a crime involving moral

turpitude.” Id. at 717.

        2.   The Board pretermitted Hernandez-Bueno’s application for asylum,

finding that it was untimely and that extraordinary circumstances did not excuse

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the delay. Hernandez-Bueno argues that he established extraordinary

circumstances because he testified that as a result of his PTSD, he was afraid to file

for asylum. But the Board considered this argument and rejected it, explaining that

Hernandez Bueno had not “established clear error in the Immigration Judge’s

findings of fact relating to the fact that he was able to file an asylum application

within only a few months of being placed in removal proceedings.” Because that

conclusion turns on the agency’s resolution of a disputed fact—whether

Hernandez-Bueno’s PTSD prevented him from filing a timely application for

asylum—we lack jurisdiction to review it. See Sumolang v. Holder, 723 F.3d 1080,

1082 (9th Cir. 2013); 8 U.S.C. § 1158(a)(3). We therefore dismiss this portion of

the petition.

       3.       To establish eligibility for withholding of removal, an alien must

show that a protected ground was or will be “a reason” for his persecution.

Barajas-Romero v. Lynch, 846 F.3d 351, 360 (9th Cir. 2017); 8 U.S.C.

§ 1231(b)(3)(A). The Board concluded that Hernandez-Bueno had not shown a

nexus between his proposed social group or his imputed political opinion and his

“past or feared problems.” We review that factual determination for substantial

evidence, Madrigal v. Holder, 716 F.3d 499, 503 (9th Cir. 2013), and determine

that the record does not compel a contrary conclusion. The Board reasonably relied

on evidence that Hernandez-Bueno’s kidnapping was motivated by “the pursuit of

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money” on the part of the rebels, rather than by his family membership or political

opinion. Because the “desire to be free from harassment by criminals motivated by

theft or random violence by gang members bears no nexus to a protected ground,”

substantial evidence supports the agency’s conclusion that Hernandez-Bueno has

not established that he is entitled to withholding of removal. See Zetino v. Holder,

622 F.3d 1007, 1016 (9th Cir. 2010).

      4.     The Board denied Hernandez-Bueno’s application for CAT

protection, finding that, even assuming that his kidnapping constituted torture, he

had not shown that he would face a particularized risk of torture if returned to

Colombia. Though Hernandez-Bueno testified that he believes the rebels would

target him if he returned to Colombia, the record does not compel the conclusion

that the Board erred in determining otherwise. The Board reasonably relied on the

facts that Hernandez-Bueno was able to live in Colombia following his kidnapping

for years without suffering any additional harm and that his brother, who still

resides in Colombia, had never been harmed.

      PETITION DISMISSED in part and DENIED in part.

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