Datasets:
wiki_qa

Tasks:

Question Answering

Sub-tasks: open-domain-qa

Languages: English

Multilinguality: monolingual

Size Categories: 10K<n<100K

Language Creators: found

Annotations Creators: crowdsourced

Source Datasets: original

Tags:

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Split (3)

train · 20.4k rows

question_id stringlengths 2 5	question stringlengths 11 120	document_title stringlengths 2 81	answer stringlengths 2 1.08k	label class label 2 classes
Q1	how are glacier caves formed?	Glacier cave	A partly submerged glacier cave on Perito Moreno Glacier .	00
Q1	how are glacier caves formed?	Glacier cave	The ice facade is approximately 60 m high	00
Q1	how are glacier caves formed?	Glacier cave	Ice formations in the Titlis glacier cave	00
Q1	how are glacier caves formed?	Glacier cave	A glacier cave is a cave formed within the ice of a glacier .	11
Q1	how are glacier caves formed?	Glacier cave	Glacier caves are often called ice caves , but this term is properly used to describe bedrock caves that contain year-round ice.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	In physics , circular motion is a movement of an object along the circumference of a circle or rotation along a circular path.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	It can be uniform, with constant angular rate of rotation (and constant speed), or non-uniform with a changing rate of rotation.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	The rotation around a fixed axis of a three-dimensional body involves circular motion of its parts.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	The equations of motion describe the movement of the center of mass of a body.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	Examples of circular motion include: an artificial satellite orbiting the Earth at constant height, a stone which is tied to a rope and is being swung in circles, a car turning through a curve in a race track , an electron moving perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field , and a gear turning inside a mechanism.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	Since the object's velocity vector is constantly changing direction, the moving object is undergoing acceleration by a centripetal force in the direction of the center of rotation.	00
Q2	How are the directions of the velocity and force vectors related in a circular motion	Circular motion	Without this acceleration, the object would move in a straight line, according to Newton's laws of motion .	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	Apollo Creed is a fictional character from the Rocky films , initially portrayed as the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion of the World.	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	He was played by Carl Weathers .	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	Creed had multiple nicknames, including The Master of Disaster, The King of Sting, The Dancing Destroyer, The Prince of Punch, The One and Only and The Count of Monte Fisto.	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	Urban legend states that Apollo Creed's name is a wordplay on the Apostles' Creed , a statement of belief used in Christian churches.	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	All of Apollo's championship fights were scheduled for the 15 round distance.	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	Championship fights did not convert from 15 rounds to 12 rounds until 1987.	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	Rocky Balboa is often wrongly credited with popularizing the red, white, and blue trunks; Creed was the first man to wear them (latterly worn by Rocky Balboa in the 3rd and 4th installments and finally by Tommy "The Machine" Gunn ( Tommy Morrison ) in the 5th installment) although normally he wore red and white, as seen in Rocky II.	00
Q5	how did apollo creed die	Apollo Creed	Balboa's signature colors were black and gold—colors he used in the latest movie .	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	In the United States, the title of federal judge usually means a judge appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate pursuant to the Appointments Clause in Article II of the United States Constitution .	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	In addition to the Supreme Court of the United States , whose existence and some aspects of whose jurisdiction are beyond the constitutional power of Congress to alter, acts of Congress have established 13 courts of appeals (also called "circuit courts") with appellate jurisdiction over different regions of the United States, and 94 United States district courts .	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	Every judge appointed to such a court may be categorized as a federal judge; such positions include the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, Circuit Judges of the courts of appeals, and district judges of the United States district courts .	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	All of these judges described thus far are referred to sometimes as "Article III judges" because they exercise the judicial power vested in the judicial branch of the federal government by Article III of the U.S. Constitution.	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	In addition, judges of the Court of International Trade exercise judicial power pursuant to Article III.	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	Other judges serving in the federal courts, including magistrate judges and bankruptcy judges , are also sometimes referred to as "federal judges"; however, they are neither appointed by the President nor confirmed by the Senate, and their power derives from Article I instead.	00
Q6	how long is the term for federal judges	United States federal judge	See Article I and Article III tribunals .	00
Q7	how a beretta model 21 pistols magazines works	Beretta 21A Bobcat	The Beretta 21A Bobcat is a small pocket-sized semi-automatic pistol designed by Beretta in Italy.	00
Q7	how a beretta model 21 pistols magazines works	Beretta 21A Bobcat	Production began in late 1984, solely in the Beretta U.S.A. facility in Accokeek, Maryland.	00
Q7	how a beretta model 21 pistols magazines works	Beretta 21A Bobcat	It is a further development of the Beretta Model 20, whose production ended in 1985.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	Variable Universal Life Insurance (often shortened to VUL) is a type of life insurance that builds a cash value.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	In a VUL, the cash value can be invested in a wide variety of separate accounts , similar to mutual funds , and the choice of which of the available separate accounts to use is entirely up to the contract owner.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	The 'variable' component in the name refers to this ability to invest in separate accounts whose values vary—they vary because they are invested in stock and/or bond markets.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	The 'universal' component in the name refers to the flexibility the owner has in making premium payments.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	The premiums can vary from nothing in a given month up to maximums defined by the Internal Revenue Code for life insurance.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	This flexibility is in contrast to whole life insurance that has fixed premium payments that typically cannot be missed without lapsing the policy (although one may exercise an Automatic Premium Loan feature, or surrender dividends to pay a Whole Life premium).	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	Variable universal life is a type of permanent life insurance , because the death benefit will be paid if the insured dies any time as long as there is sufficient cash value to pay the costs of insurance in the policy.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	With most if not all VULs, unlike whole life, there is no endowment age (the age at which the cash value equals the death benefit amount, which for whole life is typically 100).	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	This is yet another key advantage of VUL over Whole Life.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	With a typical whole life policy, the death benefit is limited to the face amount specified in the policy, and at endowment age, the face amount is all that is paid out.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	Thus with either death or endowment, the insurance company keeps any cash value built up over the years.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	However, some participating whole life policies offer riders which specify that any dividends paid on the policy be used to purchase "paid up additions" to the policy which increase both the cash value and the death benefit over time.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	If investments made in the separate accounts out-perform the general account of the insurance company, a higher rate-of-return can occur than the fixed rates-of-return typical for whole life.	00
Q9	how a vul works	Variable universal life insurance	The combination over the years of no endowment age, continually increasing death benefit, and if a high rate-of-return is earned in the separate accounts of a VUL policy, this could result in higher value to the owner or beneficiary than that of a whole life policy with the same amounts of money paid in as premiums.	00
Q10	how an outdoor wood boiler works	Outdoor wood-fired boiler	The outdoor wood boiler is a variant of the classic wood stove adapted for set-up outdoors while still transferring the heat to interior buildings.	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	A mound of Girl Scout cookies.	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	This mound contains 74 boxes of cookies	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	Girl Scout Cookies are cookies sold by Girl Scouts of the USA (GSUSA) as one of its major fundraisers for local Scout units.	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	Members of the GSUSA have been selling cookies since 1917 to raise funds.	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	Girls who participate can earn prizes for their efforts.	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	There are also unit incentives if the unit as a whole does well.	00
Q12	how big did girl scout cookie boxes used to be	Girl Scout Cookies	As of 2007, sales were estimated at about 200 million boxes per year.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	University Hall	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana , is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University system .	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Purdue was founded on May 6, 1869, as a land-grant university when the Indiana General Assembly , taking advantage of the Morrill Act , accepted a donation of land and money from Lafayette businessman John Purdue to establish a college of science, technology, and agriculture in his name.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	The first classes were held on September 16, 1874, with six instructors and 39 students.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Today, Purdue is a member of the Big Ten Conference , and is a well known world-class research institution.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Purdue enrolls the second largest student body of any university in Indiana as well as the fourth largest international student population of any university in the United States.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Purdue offers both undergraduate and graduate programs in over 211 major areas of study, and is well known for its competitive engineering curricula.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	The university has also been highly influential in America's history of aviation , having established the first college credit offered in flight training , the first four-year bachelor's degree in aviation, and the first university airport ( Purdue University Airport ).	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Purdue's aviation technology program remains one of the most competitive aviation-specific programs in the world.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	In the mid-20th century, Purdue's aviation program expanded to encompass advanced spaceflight technology giving rise to Purdue's nickname, Cradle of Astronauts.	00
Q13	how big is the purdue greek system	Purdue University	Twenty-three Purdue graduates have gone on to become astronauts, including Gus Grissom (one of the original Mercury Seven astronauts), Neil Armstrong (the first person to walk on the moon), and Eugene Cernan (the most recent person to walk on the moon).	00
Q14	how big do sebaceous cysts get	Sebaceous cyst	A sebaceous cyst () is a term that loosely refers to either epidermoid cysts (also known as epidermal cysts; L72.0 ) or pilar cysts (also known as trichilemmal cysts; L72.1 ).	00
Q14	how big do sebaceous cysts get	Sebaceous cyst	Because an epidermoid cyst originates in the epidermis and a pilar cyst originates from hair follicles , by definition, neither type of cyst is strictly a sebaceous cyst.	00
Q14	how big do sebaceous cysts get	Sebaceous cyst	The name is regarded as a misnomer as the fatty, white, semi-solid material in both of these cyst entities is not sebum , but keratin .	00
Q14	how big do sebaceous cysts get	Sebaceous cyst	Furthermore, under the microscope neither entity contains sebaceous glands .	00
Q14	how big do sebaceous cysts get	Sebaceous cyst	In practice, however, the terms are often used interchangeably.	00
Q14	how big do sebaceous cysts get	Sebaceous cyst	"True" sebaceous cysts are relatively rare and are known as steatocystomas or, if multiple, as steatocystoma multiplex .	00
Q15	how are pointe shoes made	Pointe shoe	Modern pointe shoes.	00
Q15	how are pointe shoes made	Pointe shoe	The edge of the toe pad, which is inserted between the foot and toe box for cushioning, can be seen on the right foot.	00
Q15	how are pointe shoes made	Pointe shoe	A pointe shoe is a type of shoe worn by ballet dancers when performing pointe work .	00
Q15	how are pointe shoes made	Pointe shoe	Pointe shoes developed from the desire for dancers to appear weightless and sylph -like and have evolved to enable dancers to dance en pointe (on the tips of their toes) for extended periods of time.	00
Q15	how are pointe shoes made	Pointe shoe	They are normally worn by female dancers, though male dancers may wear them for unorthodox roles such as the ugly stepsisters in Cinderella , Bottom in A Midsummer Night's Dream , or men performing as women in dance companies such as Les Ballets Trockadero and Grandiva.	00
Q15	how are pointe shoes made	Pointe shoe	They are manufactured in a variety of colors, most commonly in shades of light pink.	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	This tablespoon has a capacity of about 15 mL.	11
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	Measuring Spoons	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	In the US and parts of Canada, a tablespoon is the largest type of spoon used for eating from a bowl.	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	In the UK, Europe and most Commonwealth countries, a tablespoon is a type of large spoon usually used for serving.	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	In countries where a tablespoon is a serving spoon, the nearest equivalent to the US tablespoon is either the dessert spoon or the soup spoon .	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	A tablespoonful, nominally the capacity of one tablespoon, is commonly used as a measure of volume in cooking .	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	It is abbreviated as T, tb, tbs, tbsp, tblsp, or tblspn.	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	The capacity of ordinary tablespoons is not regulated by law and is subject to considerable variation.	00
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	In the USA one tablespoon (measurement unit) is approximately 15 mL; the capacity of an actual tablespoon (dining utensil) ranges from 7 mL to 14 mL.	11
Q16	how much is 1 tablespoon of water	Tablespoon	In Australia one tablespoon (measurement unit) is 20 mL.	11
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by the British author J. K. Rowling .	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The books chronicle the adventures of a wizard , Harry Potter , and his friends Ronald Weasley and Hermione Granger , all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry .	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The main story arc concerns Harry's quest to overcome the Dark wizard Lord Voldemort , whose aims are to become immortal, conquer the wizarding world , subjugate non-magical people, and destroy all those who stand in his way, especially Harry Potter.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	Since the release of the first novel Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone on 30 June 1997, the books have gained immense popularity, critical acclaim and commercial success worldwide.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The series has also had some share of criticism, including concern for the increasingly dark tone.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	, the book series has sold about 450 million copies, making it the best-selling book series in history , and has been translated into 67 languages .	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The last four books consecutively set records as the fastest-selling books in history.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	A series of many genres , including fantasy and coming of age (with elements of mystery , thriller , adventure , and romance ), it has many cultural meanings and references.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	According to Rowling, the main theme is death.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	There are also many other themes in the series, such as prejudice and corruption.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The initial major publishers of the books were Bloomsbury in the United Kingdom and Scholastic Press in the United States.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The books have since been published by many publishers worldwide.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The books, with the seventh book split into two parts, have been made into an eight-part film series by Warner Bros. Pictures , the highest-grossing film series of all time.	00
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	The series also originated much tie-in merchandise, making the Harry Potter brand worth in excess of $15 billion.	11
Q17	how much are the harry potter movies worth	Harry Potter	Also due to the success of the books and films, Harry Potter has been used for a theme park, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter in Universal Parks & Resorts 's Islands of Adventure .	00

End of preview. Expand in Dataset Viewer.

Dataset Card for "wiki_qa"

Dataset Summary

Wiki Question Answering corpus from Microsoft.

The WikiQA corpus is a publicly available set of question and sentence pairs, collected and annotated for research on open-domain question answering.

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

More Information Needed

Languages

More Information Needed

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

default

Size of downloaded dataset files: 7.10 MB
Size of the generated dataset: 6.40 MB
Total amount of disk used: 13.50 MB

An example of 'train' looks as follows.

{
    "answer": "Glacier caves are often called ice caves , but this term is properly used to describe bedrock caves that contain year-round ice.",
    "document_title": "Glacier cave",
    "label": 0,
    "question": "how are glacier caves formed?",
    "question_id": "Q1"
}

Data Fields

The data fields are the same among all splits.

default

question_id: a string feature.
question: a string feature.
document_title: a string feature.
answer: a string feature.
label: a classification label, with possible values including 0 (0), 1 (1).

Data Splits

name	train	validation	test
default	20360	2733	6165

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

More Information Needed

Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

More Information Needed

Who are the source language producers?

More Information Needed

Annotations

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

More Information Needed

Discussion of Biases

More Information Needed

Other Known Limitations

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Additional Information

Dataset Curators

More Information Needed

Licensing Information

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Citation Information

@inproceedings{yang-etal-2015-wikiqa,
    title = "{W}iki{QA}: A Challenge Dataset for Open-Domain Question Answering",
    author = "Yang, Yi  and
      Yih, Wen-tau  and
      Meek, Christopher",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = sep,
    year = "2015",
    address = "Lisbon, Portugal",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/D15-1237",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/D15-1237",
    pages = "2013--2018",
}