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# 37676indexing | University_of_Notre_Dame | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing? | null | September 1876 | # 37676 | # 34259 | Article # 37676
Content: | The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. The Dome yearbook is published annually. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. |
# 37676indexing | University_of_Notre_Dame | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing? | null | September 1876 | # 37676 | # 34259 | Article # 37676
Content: | The Dome yearbook is published annually. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. |
# 31268indexing | Beyoncรฉ | Following the disbandment of Destiny's Child in June 2005, she released her second solo album, B'Day (2006), which contained hits "Dรฉjร Vu", "Irreplaceable", and "Beautiful Liar". Beyoncรฉ also ventured into acting, with a Golden Globe-nominated performance in Dreamgirls (2006), and starring roles in The Pink Panther (2006) and Obsessed (2009). Her marriage to rapper Jay Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008) influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), which saw the birth of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)". Beyoncรฉ took a hiatus from music in 2010 and took over management of her career; her fourth album 4 (2011) was subsequently mellower in tone, exploring 1970s funk, 1980s pop, and 1990s soul. Her critically acclaimed fifth studio album, Beyoncรฉ (2013), was distinguished from previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes. | After her second solo album, what other entertainment venture did Beyonce explore? | null | acting | # 31268 | # 14302 | Article # 31268
Content: | Her marriage to rapper Jay Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008) influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), which saw the birth of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)". Her critically acclaimed fifth studio album, Beyoncรฉ (2013), was distinguished from previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes. Following the disbandment of Destiny's Child in June 2005, she released her second solo album, B'Day (2006), which contained hits "Dรฉjร Vu", "Irreplaceable", and "Beautiful Liar". Beyoncรฉ took a hiatus from music in 2010 and took over management of her career; her fourth album 4 (2011) was subsequently mellower in tone, exploring 1970s funk, 1980s pop, and 1990s soul. Beyoncรฉ also ventured into acting, with a Golden Globe-nominated performance in Dreamgirls (2006), and starring roles in The Pink Panther (2006) and Obsessed (2009). |
# 31268indexing | Beyoncรฉ | Following the disbandment of Destiny's Child in June 2005, she released her second solo album, B'Day (2006), which contained hits "Dรฉjร Vu", "Irreplaceable", and "Beautiful Liar". Beyoncรฉ also ventured into acting, with a Golden Globe-nominated performance in Dreamgirls (2006), and starring roles in The Pink Panther (2006) and Obsessed (2009). Her marriage to rapper Jay Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008) influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), which saw the birth of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)". Beyoncรฉ took a hiatus from music in 2010 and took over management of her career; her fourth album 4 (2011) was subsequently mellower in tone, exploring 1970s funk, 1980s pop, and 1990s soul. Her critically acclaimed fifth studio album, Beyoncรฉ (2013), was distinguished from previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes. | After her second solo album, what other entertainment venture did Beyonce explore? | null | acting | # 31268 | # 14302 | Article # 31268
Content: | Her marriage to rapper Jay Z and portrayal of Etta James in Cadillac Records (2008) influenced her third album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008), which saw the birth of her alter-ego Sasha Fierce and earned a record-setting six Grammy Awards in 2010, including Song of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)". Her critically acclaimed fifth studio album, Beyoncรฉ (2013), was distinguished from previous releases by its experimental production and exploration of darker themes. Following the disbandment of Destiny's Child in June 2005, she released her second solo album, B'Day (2006), which contained hits "Dรฉjร Vu", "Irreplaceable", and "Beautiful Liar". Beyoncรฉ also ventured into acting, with a Golden Globe-nominated performance in Dreamgirls (2006), and starring roles in The Pink Panther (2006) and Obsessed (2009). Beyoncรฉ took a hiatus from music in 2010 and took over management of her career; her fourth album 4 (2011) was subsequently mellower in tone, exploring 1970s funk, 1980s pop, and 1990s soul. |
# 18662indexing | Montana | Montana schoolchildren played a significant role in selecting several state symbols. The state tree, the ponderosa pine, was selected by Montana schoolchildren as the preferred state tree by an overwhelming majority in a referendum held in 1908. However, the legislature did not designate a state tree until 1949, when the Montana Federation of Garden Clubs, with the support of the state forester, lobbied for formal recognition. Schoolchildren also chose the western meadowlark as the state bird, in a 1930 vote, and the legislature acted to endorse this decision in 1931. Similarly, the secretary of state sponsored a children's vote in 1981 to choose a state animal, and after 74 animals were nominated, the grizzly bear won over the elk by a 2โ1 margin. The students of Livingston started a statewide school petition drive plus lobbied the governor and the state legislature to name the Maiasaura as the state fossil in 1985. | What year was the state tree selected? | null | 1908 | # 18662 | # 30450 | Article # 18662
Content: | The state tree, the ponderosa pine, was selected by Montana schoolchildren as the preferred state tree by an overwhelming majority in a referendum held in 1908. Schoolchildren also chose the western meadowlark as the state bird, in a 1930 vote, and the legislature acted to endorse this decision in 1931. Similarly, the secretary of state sponsored a children's vote in 1981 to choose a state animal, and after 74 animals were nominated, the grizzly bear won over the elk by a 2โ1 margin. Montana schoolchildren played a significant role in selecting several state symbols. However, the legislature did not designate a state tree until 1949, when the Montana Federation of Garden Clubs, with the support of the state forester, lobbied for formal recognition. The students of Livingston started a statewide school petition drive plus lobbied the governor and the state legislature to name the Maiasaura as the state fossil in 1985. |
# 18662indexing | Montana | Montana schoolchildren played a significant role in selecting several state symbols. The state tree, the ponderosa pine, was selected by Montana schoolchildren as the preferred state tree by an overwhelming majority in a referendum held in 1908. However, the legislature did not designate a state tree until 1949, when the Montana Federation of Garden Clubs, with the support of the state forester, lobbied for formal recognition. Schoolchildren also chose the western meadowlark as the state bird, in a 1930 vote, and the legislature acted to endorse this decision in 1931. Similarly, the secretary of state sponsored a children's vote in 1981 to choose a state animal, and after 74 animals were nominated, the grizzly bear won over the elk by a 2โ1 margin. The students of Livingston started a statewide school petition drive plus lobbied the governor and the state legislature to name the Maiasaura as the state fossil in 1985. | What year was the state tree selected? | null | 1908 | # 18662 | # 30450 | Article # 18662
Content: | The students of Livingston started a statewide school petition drive plus lobbied the governor and the state legislature to name the Maiasaura as the state fossil in 1985. Montana schoolchildren played a significant role in selecting several state symbols. Similarly, the secretary of state sponsored a children's vote in 1981 to choose a state animal, and after 74 animals were nominated, the grizzly bear won over the elk by a 2โ1 margin. However, the legislature did not designate a state tree until 1949, when the Montana Federation of Garden Clubs, with the support of the state forester, lobbied for formal recognition. Schoolchildren also chose the western meadowlark as the state bird, in a 1930 vote, and the legislature acted to endorse this decision in 1931. The state tree, the ponderosa pine, was selected by Montana schoolchildren as the preferred state tree by an overwhelming majority in a referendum held in 1908. |
# 13276indexing | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide. The ECHR also noted that at the time of its judgement, apart from courts in Germany which had taken a broad view, that there had been few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws and that "There are no reported cases in which the courts of these States have defined the type of group destruction the perpetrator must have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide". | Two bodies of the United Nations agreed with what restricted provision in defining genocide? | null | that biological-physical destruction was necessary | # 13276 | # 23450 | Article # 13276
Content: | It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide. In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. The ECHR also noted that at the time of its judgement, apart from courts in Germany which had taken a broad view, that there had been few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws and that "There are no reported cases in which the courts of these States have defined the type of group destruction the perpetrator must have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide". |
# 13276indexing | Genocide | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide. The ECHR also noted that at the time of its judgement, apart from courts in Germany which had taken a broad view, that there had been few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws and that "There are no reported cases in which the courts of these States have defined the type of group destruction the perpetrator must have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide". | Two bodies of the United Nations agreed with what restricted provision in defining genocide? | null | that biological-physical destruction was necessary | # 13276 | # 23450 | Article # 13276
Content: | In the same judgement the ECHR reviewed the judgements of several international and municipal courts judgements. The ECHR also noted that at the time of its judgement, apart from courts in Germany which had taken a broad view, that there had been few cases of genocide under other Convention States municipal laws and that "There are no reported cases in which the courts of these States have defined the type of group destruction the perpetrator must have intended in order to be found guilty of genocide". It noted that International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice had agreed with the narrow interpretation, that biological-physical destruction was necessary for an act to qualify as genocide. |
# 28598indexing | Antibiotics | The successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy with antibacterial compounds depends on several factors. These include host defense mechanisms, the location of infection, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antibacterial. A bactericidal activity of antibacterials may depend on the bacterial growth phase, and it often requires ongoing metabolic activity and division of bacterial cells. These findings are based on laboratory studies, and in clinical settings have also been shown to eliminate bacterial infection. Since the activity of antibacterials depends frequently on its concentration, in vitro characterization of antibacterial activity commonly includes the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of an antibacterial. To predict clinical outcome, the antimicrobial activity of an antibacterial is usually combined with its pharmacokinetic profile, and several pharmacological parameters are used as markers of drug efficacy. | What does the potency of antibacterials depend upon? | null | concentration | # 28598 | # 20863 | Article # 28598
Content: | Since the activity of antibacterials depends frequently on its concentration, in vitro characterization of antibacterial activity commonly includes the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of an antibacterial. These findings are based on laboratory studies, and in clinical settings have also been shown to eliminate bacterial infection. The successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy with antibacterial compounds depends on several factors. These include host defense mechanisms, the location of infection, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antibacterial. To predict clinical outcome, the antimicrobial activity of an antibacterial is usually combined with its pharmacokinetic profile, and several pharmacological parameters are used as markers of drug efficacy. A bactericidal activity of antibacterials may depend on the bacterial growth phase, and it often requires ongoing metabolic activity and division of bacterial cells. |
# 28598indexing | Antibiotics | The successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy with antibacterial compounds depends on several factors. These include host defense mechanisms, the location of infection, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antibacterial. A bactericidal activity of antibacterials may depend on the bacterial growth phase, and it often requires ongoing metabolic activity and division of bacterial cells. These findings are based on laboratory studies, and in clinical settings have also been shown to eliminate bacterial infection. Since the activity of antibacterials depends frequently on its concentration, in vitro characterization of antibacterial activity commonly includes the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of an antibacterial. To predict clinical outcome, the antimicrobial activity of an antibacterial is usually combined with its pharmacokinetic profile, and several pharmacological parameters are used as markers of drug efficacy. | What does the potency of antibacterials depend upon? | null | concentration | # 28598 | # 20863 | Article # 28598
Content: | The successful outcome of antimicrobial therapy with antibacterial compounds depends on several factors. A bactericidal activity of antibacterials may depend on the bacterial growth phase, and it often requires ongoing metabolic activity and division of bacterial cells. These findings are based on laboratory studies, and in clinical settings have also been shown to eliminate bacterial infection. Since the activity of antibacterials depends frequently on its concentration, in vitro characterization of antibacterial activity commonly includes the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of an antibacterial. These include host defense mechanisms, the location of infection, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the antibacterial. To predict clinical outcome, the antimicrobial activity of an antibacterial is usually combined with its pharmacokinetic profile, and several pharmacological parameters are used as markers of drug efficacy. |
# 18001indexing | Frรฉdรฉric_Chopin | At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodziลska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838โ39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis. | At what age did Frรฉdรฉric move to Paris? | null | 21 | # 18001 | # 37937 | Article # 18001
Content: | Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodziลska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838โ39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. |
# 18001indexing | Frรฉdรฉric_Chopin | At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodziลska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838โ39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis. | At what age did Frรฉdรฉric move to Paris? | null | 21 | # 18001 | # 37937 | Article # 18001
Content: | In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodziลska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838โ39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis. |
# 33505indexing | Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty | Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the importance of the horse trade with Tibet. Others argue that the significant religious nature of the relationship of the Ming court with Tibetan lamas is underrepresented in modern scholarship. In hopes of reviving the unique relationship of the earlier Mongol leader Kublai Khan (r. 1260โ1294) and his spiritual superior Drogรถn Chรถgyal Phagpa (1235โ1280) of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402โ1424) made a concerted effort to build a secular and religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa (1384โ1415), the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school. However, the Yongle Emperor's attempts were unsuccessful. | What important trade did the Ming Dynasty have with Tibet? | null | horse trade | # 33505 | # 21877 | Article # 33505
Content: | Others argue that the significant religious nature of the relationship of the Ming court with Tibetan lamas is underrepresented in modern scholarship. However, the Yongle Emperor's attempts were unsuccessful. Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. In hopes of reviving the unique relationship of the earlier Mongol leader Kublai Khan (r. 1260โ1294) and his spiritual superior Drogรถn Chรถgyal Phagpa (1235โ1280) of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402โ1424) made a concerted effort to build a secular and religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa (1384โ1415), the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the importance of the horse trade with Tibet. |
# 33505indexing | Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty | Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the importance of the horse trade with Tibet. Others argue that the significant religious nature of the relationship of the Ming court with Tibetan lamas is underrepresented in modern scholarship. In hopes of reviving the unique relationship of the earlier Mongol leader Kublai Khan (r. 1260โ1294) and his spiritual superior Drogรถn Chรถgyal Phagpa (1235โ1280) of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402โ1424) made a concerted effort to build a secular and religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa (1384โ1415), the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school. However, the Yongle Emperor's attempts were unsuccessful. | What important trade did the Ming Dynasty have with Tibet? | null | horse trade | # 33505 | # 21877 | Article # 33505
Content: | Others argue that the significant religious nature of the relationship of the Ming court with Tibetan lamas is underrepresented in modern scholarship. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the importance of the horse trade with Tibet. Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. However, the Yongle Emperor's attempts were unsuccessful. In hopes of reviving the unique relationship of the earlier Mongol leader Kublai Khan (r. 1260โ1294) and his spiritual superior Drogรถn Chรถgyal Phagpa (1235โ1280) of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402โ1424) made a concerted effort to build a secular and religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa (1384โ1415), the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school. |
# 27482indexing | IPod | Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices. Storage capacity varies by model, ranging from 2 GB for the iPod Shuffle to 128 GB for the iPod Touch (previously 160 GB for the iPod Classic, which is now discontinued). | In addition to playing music, what other function can the iPod perform? | null | data storage | # 27482 | # 10152 | Article # 27482
Content: | Storage capacity varies by model, ranging from 2 GB for the iPod Shuffle to 128 GB for the iPod Touch (previously 160 GB for the iPod Classic, which is now discontinued). Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices. |
# 27482indexing | IPod | Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices. Storage capacity varies by model, ranging from 2 GB for the iPod Shuffle to 128 GB for the iPod Touch (previously 160 GB for the iPod Classic, which is now discontinued). | In addition to playing music, what other function can the iPod perform? | null | data storage | # 27482 | # 10152 | Article # 27482
Content: | Storage capacity varies by model, ranging from 2 GB for the iPod Shuffle to 128 GB for the iPod Touch (previously 160 GB for the iPod Classic, which is now discontinued). Like other digital music players, iPods can serve as external data storage devices. |
# 34036indexing | The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess | The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm. To do so, he takes the form of both a Hylian and a wolf, and is assisted by a mysterious creature named Midna. The game takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, in an alternate timeline from The Wind Waker. | Who is the main character of the story? | null | Link | # 34036 | # 27328 | Article # 34036
Content: | The game takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, in an alternate timeline from The Wind Waker. The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm. To do so, he takes the form of both a Hylian and a wolf, and is assisted by a mysterious creature named Midna. |
# 34036indexing | The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess | The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm. To do so, he takes the form of both a Hylian and a wolf, and is assisted by a mysterious creature named Midna. The game takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, in an alternate timeline from The Wind Waker. | Who is the main character of the story? | null | Link | # 34036 | # 27328 | Article # 34036
Content: | The game takes place hundreds of years after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, in an alternate timeline from The Wind Waker. The story focuses on series protagonist Link, who tries to prevent Hyrule from being engulfed by a corrupted parallel dimension known as the Twilight Realm. To do so, he takes the form of both a Hylian and a wolf, and is assisted by a mysterious creature named Midna. |
# 29431indexing | Spectre_(2015_film) | The story sees Bond pitted against the global criminal organisation Spectre, marking the group's first appearance in an Eon Productions film since 1971's Diamonds Are Forever,[N 2] and tying Craig's series of films together with an overarching storyline. Several recurring James Bond characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny return, with the new additions of Lรฉa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra. | What group is the enemy of the protagonist? | null | Spectre | # 29431 | # 25880 | Article # 29431
Content: | Several recurring James Bond characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny return, with the new additions of Lรฉa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra. The story sees Bond pitted against the global criminal organisation Spectre, marking the group's first appearance in an Eon Productions film since 1971's Diamonds Are Forever,[N 2] and tying Craig's series of films together with an overarching storyline. |
# 29431indexing | Spectre_(2015_film) | The story sees Bond pitted against the global criminal organisation Spectre, marking the group's first appearance in an Eon Productions film since 1971's Diamonds Are Forever,[N 2] and tying Craig's series of films together with an overarching storyline. Several recurring James Bond characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny return, with the new additions of Lรฉa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra. | What group is the enemy of the protagonist? | null | Spectre | # 29431 | # 25880 | Article # 29431
Content: | Several recurring James Bond characters, including M, Q and Eve Moneypenny return, with the new additions of Lรฉa Seydoux as Dr. Madeleine Swann, Dave Bautista as Mr. Hinx, Andrew Scott as Max Denbigh and Monica Bellucci as Lucia Sciarra. The story sees Bond pitted against the global criminal organisation Spectre, marking the group's first appearance in an Eon Productions film since 1971's Diamonds Are Forever,[N 2] and tying Craig's series of films together with an overarching storyline. |
# 14042indexing | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: ๆฑถๅทๅคงๅฐ้; pinyin: Wรจnchuฤn dร dรฌzhรจn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghaiโ1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) awayโwhere office buildings swayed with the tremor. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage. | Which far away cities in other countries could feel the earthquake? | null | Beijing and Shanghai | # 14042 | # 23318 | Article # 14042
Content: | It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: ๆฑถๅทๅคงๅฐ้; pinyin: Wรจnchuฤn dร dรฌzhรจn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghaiโ1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) awayโwhere office buildings swayed with the tremor. |
# 14042indexing | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: ๆฑถๅทๅคงๅฐ้; pinyin: Wรจnchuฤn dร dรฌzhรจn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghaiโ1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) awayโwhere office buildings swayed with the tremor. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage. | Which far away cities in other countries could feel the earthquake? | null | Beijing and Shanghai | # 14042 | # 23318 | Article # 14042
Content: | The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage. The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghaiโ1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) awayโwhere office buildings swayed with the tremor. It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: ๆฑถๅทๅคงๅฐ้; pinyin: Wรจnchuฤn dร dรฌzhรจn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. |
# 38869indexing | New_York_City | Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. The five boroughs โ Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island โ were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively. | How many boroughs comprise New York City? | null | five | # 38869 | # 28117 | Article # 38869
Content: | Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. The five boroughs โ Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island โ were consolidated into a single city in 1898. |
# 38869indexing | New_York_City | Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. The five boroughs โ Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island โ were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively. | How many boroughs comprise New York City? | null | five | # 38869 | # 28117 | Article # 38869
Content: | By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). The five boroughs โ Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island โ were consolidated into a single city in 1898. Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively. |
# 29897indexing | To_Kill_a_Mockingbird | As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets. | To Kill a Mockingbird is widely read in which countries schools? | null | United States | # 29897 | # 36537 | Article # 29897
Content: | As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. |
# 29897indexing | To_Kill_a_Mockingbird | As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets. | To Kill a Mockingbird is widely read in which countries schools? | null | United States | # 29897 | # 36537 | Article # 29897
Content: | The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. |
# 32295indexing | Solar_energy | The Earth receives 174,000 terawatts (TW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. The spectrum of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly spread across the visible and near-infrared ranges with a small part in the near-ultraviolet. Most people around the world live in areas with insolation levels of 150 to 300 watts per square meter or 3.5 to 7.0 kWh/m2 per day. | How many terawatts of solar radiation does the Earth receive? | null | 174,000 | # 32295 | # 29286 | Article # 32295
Content: | The Earth receives 174,000 terawatts (TW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere. The spectrum of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly spread across the visible and near-infrared ranges with a small part in the near-ultraviolet. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. Most people around the world live in areas with insolation levels of 150 to 300 watts per square meter or 3.5 to 7.0 kWh/m2 per day. |
# 32295indexing | Solar_energy | The Earth receives 174,000 terawatts (TW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. The spectrum of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly spread across the visible and near-infrared ranges with a small part in the near-ultraviolet. Most people around the world live in areas with insolation levels of 150 to 300 watts per square meter or 3.5 to 7.0 kWh/m2 per day. | How many terawatts of solar radiation does the Earth receive? | null | 174,000 | # 32295 | # 29286 | Article # 32295
Content: | The Earth receives 174,000 terawatts (TW) of incoming solar radiation (insolation) at the upper atmosphere. The spectrum of solar light at the Earth's surface is mostly spread across the visible and near-infrared ranges with a small part in the near-ultraviolet. Most people around the world live in areas with insolation levels of 150 to 300 watts per square meter or 3.5 to 7.0 kWh/m2 per day. Approximately 30% is reflected back to space while the rest is absorbed by clouds, oceans and land masses. |
# 19440indexing | Tajikistan | Tajiks began to be conscripted into the Soviet Army in 1939 and during World War II around 260,000 Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan. Between 60,000(4%) and 120,000(8%) of Tajikistan's 1,530,000 citizens were killed during World War II. Following the war and Stalin's reign attempts were made to further expand the agriculture and industry of Tajikistan. During 1957โ58 Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign focused attention on Tajikistan, where living conditions, education and industry lagged behind the other Soviet Republics. In the 1980s, Tajikistan had the lowest household saving rate in the USSR, the lowest percentage of households in the two top per capita income groups, and the lowest rate of university graduates per 1000 people. By the late 1980s Tajik nationalists were calling for increased rights. Real disturbances did not occur within the republic until 1990. The following year, the Soviet Union collapsed, and Tajikistan declared its independence. | When did Tajiks start being part of the Soviet Army? | null | 1939 | # 19440 | # 14901 | Article # 19440
Content: | By the late 1980s Tajik nationalists were calling for increased rights. In the 1980s, Tajikistan had the lowest household saving rate in the USSR, the lowest percentage of households in the two top per capita income groups, and the lowest rate of university graduates per 1000 people. Tajiks began to be conscripted into the Soviet Army in 1939 and during World War II around 260,000 Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan. During 1957โ58 Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign focused attention on Tajikistan, where living conditions, education and industry lagged behind the other Soviet Republics. Following the war and Stalin's reign attempts were made to further expand the agriculture and industry of Tajikistan. The following year, the Soviet Union collapsed, and Tajikistan declared its independence. Real disturbances did not occur within the republic until 1990. Between 60,000(4%) and 120,000(8%) of Tajikistan's 1,530,000 citizens were killed during World War II. |
# 19440indexing | Tajikistan | Tajiks began to be conscripted into the Soviet Army in 1939 and during World War II around 260,000 Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan. Between 60,000(4%) and 120,000(8%) of Tajikistan's 1,530,000 citizens were killed during World War II. Following the war and Stalin's reign attempts were made to further expand the agriculture and industry of Tajikistan. During 1957โ58 Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign focused attention on Tajikistan, where living conditions, education and industry lagged behind the other Soviet Republics. In the 1980s, Tajikistan had the lowest household saving rate in the USSR, the lowest percentage of households in the two top per capita income groups, and the lowest rate of university graduates per 1000 people. By the late 1980s Tajik nationalists were calling for increased rights. Real disturbances did not occur within the republic until 1990. The following year, the Soviet Union collapsed, and Tajikistan declared its independence. | When did Tajiks start being part of the Soviet Army? | null | 1939 | # 19440 | # 14901 | Article # 19440
Content: | During 1957โ58 Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign focused attention on Tajikistan, where living conditions, education and industry lagged behind the other Soviet Republics. Following the war and Stalin's reign attempts were made to further expand the agriculture and industry of Tajikistan. Between 60,000(4%) and 120,000(8%) of Tajikistan's 1,530,000 citizens were killed during World War II. Real disturbances did not occur within the republic until 1990. The following year, the Soviet Union collapsed, and Tajikistan declared its independence. By the late 1980s Tajik nationalists were calling for increased rights. In the 1980s, Tajikistan had the lowest household saving rate in the USSR, the lowest percentage of households in the two top per capita income groups, and the lowest rate of university graduates per 1000 people. Tajiks began to be conscripted into the Soviet Army in 1939 and during World War II around 260,000 Tajik citizens fought against Germany, Finland and Japan. |
# 36537indexing | Anthropology | Similar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. The majority of these were evolutionist. One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation. | Vienna created it's society in what year? | null | 1870 | # 36537 | # 19440 | Article # 36537
Content: | One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. The majority of these were evolutionist. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation. Similar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. |
# 36537indexing | Anthropology | Similar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. The majority of these were evolutionist. One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation. | Vienna created it's society in what year? | null | 1870 | # 36537 | # 19440 | Article # 36537
Content: | Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation. The majority of these were evolutionist. Similar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. |
# 26560indexing | Portugal | Following the Tรกvora affair, the new Count of Oeiras knew no opposition. Made "Marquis of Pombal" in 1770, he effectively ruled Portugal until Joseph I's death in 1779. However, historians also argue that Pombalโs "enlightenment," while far-reaching, was primarily a mechanism for enhancing autocracy at the expense of individual liberty and especially an apparatus for crushing opposition, suppressing criticism, and furthering colonial economic exploitation as well as intensifying book censorship and consolidating personal control and profit. | In which year was the Count of Oeiras made the Marquis of Pambal? | null | 1770 | # 26560 | # 32778 | Article # 26560
Content: | Made "Marquis of Pombal" in 1770, he effectively ruled Portugal until Joseph I's death in 1779. However, historians also argue that Pombalโs "enlightenment," while far-reaching, was primarily a mechanism for enhancing autocracy at the expense of individual liberty and especially an apparatus for crushing opposition, suppressing criticism, and furthering colonial economic exploitation as well as intensifying book censorship and consolidating personal control and profit. Following the Tรกvora affair, the new Count of Oeiras knew no opposition. |
# 26560indexing | Portugal | Following the Tรกvora affair, the new Count of Oeiras knew no opposition. Made "Marquis of Pombal" in 1770, he effectively ruled Portugal until Joseph I's death in 1779. However, historians also argue that Pombalโs "enlightenment," while far-reaching, was primarily a mechanism for enhancing autocracy at the expense of individual liberty and especially an apparatus for crushing opposition, suppressing criticism, and furthering colonial economic exploitation as well as intensifying book censorship and consolidating personal control and profit. | In which year was the Count of Oeiras made the Marquis of Pambal? | null | 1770 | # 26560 | # 32778 | Article # 26560
Content: | However, historians also argue that Pombalโs "enlightenment," while far-reaching, was primarily a mechanism for enhancing autocracy at the expense of individual liberty and especially an apparatus for crushing opposition, suppressing criticism, and furthering colonial economic exploitation as well as intensifying book censorship and consolidating personal control and profit. Made "Marquis of Pombal" in 1770, he effectively ruled Portugal until Joseph I's death in 1779. Following the Tรกvora affair, the new Count of Oeiras knew no opposition. |
# 24983indexing | Kanye_West | Raised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread commercial and critical success, and founded record label GOOD Music. He went on to explore a variety of different musical styles on subsequent albums that included the baroque-inflected Late Registration (2005), the arena-inspired Graduation (2007), and the starkly polarizing 808s & Heartbreak (2008). In 2010, he released his critically acclaimed fifth album, the maximalist My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, and the following year he collaborated with Jay-Z on the joint LP Watch the Throne (2011). West released his abrasive sixth album, Yeezus, to further critical praise in 2013. Following a series of recording delays and work on non-musical projects, West's seventh album, The Life of Pablo, was released in 2016. | What was the first label that Kanye produced for? | null | Roc-A-Fella Records | # 24983 | # 19534 | Article # 24983
Content: | Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread commercial and critical success, and founded record label GOOD Music. Raised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Following a series of recording delays and work on non-musical projects, West's seventh album, The Life of Pablo, was released in 2016. In 2010, he released his critically acclaimed fifth album, the maximalist My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, and the following year he collaborated with Jay-Z on the joint LP Watch the Throne (2011). He went on to explore a variety of different musical styles on subsequent albums that included the baroque-inflected Late Registration (2005), the arena-inspired Graduation (2007), and the starkly polarizing 808s & Heartbreak (2008). West released his abrasive sixth album, Yeezus, to further critical praise in 2013. |
# 24983indexing | Kanye_West | Raised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread commercial and critical success, and founded record label GOOD Music. He went on to explore a variety of different musical styles on subsequent albums that included the baroque-inflected Late Registration (2005), the arena-inspired Graduation (2007), and the starkly polarizing 808s & Heartbreak (2008). In 2010, he released his critically acclaimed fifth album, the maximalist My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, and the following year he collaborated with Jay-Z on the joint LP Watch the Throne (2011). West released his abrasive sixth album, Yeezus, to further critical praise in 2013. Following a series of recording delays and work on non-musical projects, West's seventh album, The Life of Pablo, was released in 2016. | What was the first label that Kanye produced for? | null | Roc-A-Fella Records | # 24983 | # 19534 | Article # 24983
Content: | Raised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. West released his abrasive sixth album, Yeezus, to further critical praise in 2013. In 2010, he released his critically acclaimed fifth album, the maximalist My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, and the following year he collaborated with Jay-Z on the joint LP Watch the Throne (2011). Following a series of recording delays and work on non-musical projects, West's seventh album, The Life of Pablo, was released in 2016. He went on to explore a variety of different musical styles on subsequent albums that included the baroque-inflected Late Registration (2005), the arena-inspired Graduation (2007), and the starkly polarizing 808s & Heartbreak (2008). Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread commercial and critical success, and founded record label GOOD Music. |
# 38576indexing | Buddhism | Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions. | What are the two major branches of Buddhism? | null | Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle") | # 38576 | # 35312 | Article # 38576
Content: | Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. |
# 38576indexing | Buddhism | Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions. | What are the two major branches of Buddhism? | null | Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle") | # 38576 | # 35312 | Article # 38576
Content: | Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. |
# 24565indexing | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What record producer was an original judge on American Idol? | null | Randy Jackson | # 24565 | # 17600 | Article # 24565
Content: | The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. |
# 24565indexing | American_Idol | American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. | What record producer was an original judge on American Idol? | null | Randy Jackson | # 24565 | # 17600 | Article # 24565
Content: | The show was originally hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, with Seacrest continuing on for the rest of the seasons. The judging panel for the most recent season consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez, and jazz singer Harry Connick, Jr. The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. American Idol employs a panel of judges who critique the contestants' performances. |
# 18473indexing | Dog | Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species. | What decade had significant studies of dog genes to determine origins? | null | 2010s | # 18473 | # 28183 | Article # 18473
Content: | Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species. Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. |
# 18473indexing | Dog | Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species. | What decade had significant studies of dog genes to determine origins? | null | 2010s | # 18473 | # 28183 | Article # 18473
Content: | Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species. |
# 33156indexing | 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. | What day was the Olympic torch lit for the 2008 games? | null | March 24 | # 33156 | # 35332 | Article # 33156
Content: | The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. |
# 33156indexing | 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay | After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. | What day was the Olympic torch lit for the 2008 games? | null | March 24 | # 33156 | # 35332 | Article # 33156
Content: | The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. |
# 15898indexing | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Whitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 when Whitehead was president of the London Branch of the Mathematical Association. In it, he cautioned against the teaching of what he called "inert ideas" โ ideas that are disconnected scraps of information, with no application to real life or culture. He opined that "education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful." | What is the origin of the title of the book? | null | The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 | # 15898 | # 34290 | Article # 15898
Content: | Whitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. In it, he cautioned against the teaching of what he called "inert ideas" โ ideas that are disconnected scraps of information, with no application to real life or culture. He opined that "education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful." The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 when Whitehead was president of the London Branch of the Mathematical Association. |
# 15898indexing | Alfred_North_Whitehead | Whitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 when Whitehead was president of the London Branch of the Mathematical Association. In it, he cautioned against the teaching of what he called "inert ideas" โ ideas that are disconnected scraps of information, with no application to real life or culture. He opined that "education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful." | What is the origin of the title of the book? | null | The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 | # 15898 | # 34290 | Article # 15898
Content: | In it, he cautioned against the teaching of what he called "inert ideas" โ ideas that are disconnected scraps of information, with no application to real life or culture. Whitehead's most complete work on education is the 1929 book The Aims of Education and Other Essays, which collected numerous essays and addresses by Whitehead on the subject published between 1912 and 1927. He opined that "education with inert ideas is not only useless: it is, above all things, harmful." The essay from which Aims of Education derived its name was delivered as an address in 1916 when Whitehead was president of the London Branch of the Mathematical Association. |
# 15898indexing | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The first visible institution to run into trouble in the United States was the Southern Californiaโbased IndyMac, a spin-off of Countrywide Financial. Before its failure, IndyMac Bank was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market and the seventh largest mortgage originator in the United States. The failure of IndyMac Bank on July 11, 2008, was the fourth largest bank failure in United States history up until the crisis precipitated even larger failures, and the second largest failure of a regulated thrift. IndyMac Bank's parent corporation was IndyMac Bancorp until the FDIC seized IndyMac Bank. IndyMac Bancorp filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in July 2008. | Who was Southern California-based IndyMac a spin-off of? | null | Countrywide Financial | # 15898 | # 37696 | Article # 15898
Content: | Before its failure, IndyMac Bank was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market and the seventh largest mortgage originator in the United States. IndyMac Bancorp filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in July 2008. IndyMac Bank's parent corporation was IndyMac Bancorp until the FDIC seized IndyMac Bank. The first visible institution to run into trouble in the United States was the Southern Californiaโbased IndyMac, a spin-off of Countrywide Financial. The failure of IndyMac Bank on July 11, 2008, was the fourth largest bank failure in United States history up until the crisis precipitated even larger failures, and the second largest failure of a regulated thrift. |
# 15898indexing | Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 | The first visible institution to run into trouble in the United States was the Southern Californiaโbased IndyMac, a spin-off of Countrywide Financial. Before its failure, IndyMac Bank was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market and the seventh largest mortgage originator in the United States. The failure of IndyMac Bank on July 11, 2008, was the fourth largest bank failure in United States history up until the crisis precipitated even larger failures, and the second largest failure of a regulated thrift. IndyMac Bank's parent corporation was IndyMac Bancorp until the FDIC seized IndyMac Bank. IndyMac Bancorp filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in July 2008. | Who was Southern California-based IndyMac a spin-off of? | null | Countrywide Financial | # 15898 | # 37696 | Article # 15898
Content: | IndyMac Bancorp filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in July 2008. The failure of IndyMac Bank on July 11, 2008, was the fourth largest bank failure in United States history up until the crisis precipitated even larger failures, and the second largest failure of a regulated thrift. IndyMac Bank's parent corporation was IndyMac Bancorp until the FDIC seized IndyMac Bank. The first visible institution to run into trouble in the United States was the Southern Californiaโbased IndyMac, a spin-off of Countrywide Financial. Before its failure, IndyMac Bank was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market and the seventh largest mortgage originator in the United States. |
# 12879indexing | Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy | Residents of Saint-Barthรฉlemy (Saint-Barthรฉlemoise people) are French citizens and work at establishments on the island. Most of them are descendants of the first settlers, of Breton, Norman, Poitevin, Saintongeais and Angevin lineage. French is the native tongue of the population. English is understood in hotels and restaurants, and a small population of Anglophones have been resident in Gustavia for many years. The St. Barthรฉlemy French patois is spoken by some 500โ700 people in the leeward portion of the island and is superficially related to Quebec French, whereas Crรฉole French is limited to the windward side. Unlike other populations in the Caribbean, language preference between the Crรฉole and Patois is geographically, and not racially, determined.[page needed] | What are the people of St. Barts called? | null | Saint-Barthรฉlemoise | # 12879 | # 27275 | Article # 12879
Content: | The St. Barthรฉlemy French patois is spoken by some 500โ700 people in the leeward portion of the island and is superficially related to Quebec French, whereas Crรฉole French is limited to the windward side. [page needed] French is the native tongue of the population. Most of them are descendants of the first settlers, of Breton, Norman, Poitevin, Saintongeais and Angevin lineage. English is understood in hotels and restaurants, and a small population of Anglophones have been resident in Gustavia for many years. Residents of Saint-Barthรฉlemy (Saint-Barthรฉlemoise people) are French citizens and work at establishments on the island. Unlike other populations in the Caribbean, language preference between the Crรฉole and Patois is geographically, and not racially, determined. |
# 12879indexing | Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy | Residents of Saint-Barthรฉlemy (Saint-Barthรฉlemoise people) are French citizens and work at establishments on the island. Most of them are descendants of the first settlers, of Breton, Norman, Poitevin, Saintongeais and Angevin lineage. French is the native tongue of the population. English is understood in hotels and restaurants, and a small population of Anglophones have been resident in Gustavia for many years. The St. Barthรฉlemy French patois is spoken by some 500โ700 people in the leeward portion of the island and is superficially related to Quebec French, whereas Crรฉole French is limited to the windward side. Unlike other populations in the Caribbean, language preference between the Crรฉole and Patois is geographically, and not racially, determined.[page needed] | What are the people of St. Barts called? | null | Saint-Barthรฉlemoise | # 12879 | # 27275 | Article # 12879
Content: | Unlike other populations in the Caribbean, language preference between the Crรฉole and Patois is geographically, and not racially, determined. [page needed] English is understood in hotels and restaurants, and a small population of Anglophones have been resident in Gustavia for many years. Residents of Saint-Barthรฉlemy (Saint-Barthรฉlemoise people) are French citizens and work at establishments on the island. The St. Barthรฉlemy French patois is spoken by some 500โ700 people in the leeward portion of the island and is superficially related to Quebec French, whereas Crรฉole French is limited to the windward side. French is the native tongue of the population. Most of them are descendants of the first settlers, of Breton, Norman, Poitevin, Saintongeais and Angevin lineage. |
# 19440indexing | Genome | The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existedโsuch as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically. | Who coined the word genome? | null | Hans Winkler | # 19440 | # 35255 | Article # 19440
Content: | The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existedโsuch as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically. The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. |
# 19440indexing | Genome | The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existedโsuch as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically. | Who coined the word genome? | null | Hans Winkler | # 19440 | # 35255 | Article # 19440
Content: | The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existedโsuch as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically. The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. |
# 25524indexing | Comprehensive_school | Comprehensive schools are primarily about providing an entitlement curriculum to all children, without selection whether due to financial considerations or attainment. A consequence of that is a wider ranging curriculum, including practical subjects such as design and technology and vocational learning, which were less common or non-existent in grammar schools. Providing post-16 education cost-effectively becomes more challenging for smaller comprehensive schools, because of the number of courses needed to cover a broader curriculum with comparatively fewer students. This is why schools have tended to get larger and also why many local authorities have organised secondary education into 11โ16 schools, with the post-16 provision provided by Sixth Form colleges and Further Education Colleges. Comprehensive schools do not select their intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, but there are demographic reasons why the attainment profiles of different schools vary considerably. In addition, government initiatives such as the City Technology Colleges and Specialist schools programmes have made the comprehensive ideal less certain. | What are some areas of learning in comprehensive schools that were not found often in grammar schools? | null | design and technology and vocational learning | # 25524 | # 23858 | Article # 25524
Content: | A consequence of that is a wider ranging curriculum, including practical subjects such as design and technology and vocational learning, which were less common or non-existent in grammar schools. Providing post-16 education cost-effectively becomes more challenging for smaller comprehensive schools, because of the number of courses needed to cover a broader curriculum with comparatively fewer students. Comprehensive schools are primarily about providing an entitlement curriculum to all children, without selection whether due to financial considerations or attainment. In addition, government initiatives such as the City Technology Colleges and Specialist schools programmes have made the comprehensive ideal less certain. Comprehensive schools do not select their intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, but there are demographic reasons why the attainment profiles of different schools vary considerably. This is why schools have tended to get larger and also why many local authorities have organised secondary education into 11โ16 schools, with the post-16 provision provided by Sixth Form colleges and Further Education Colleges. |
# 25524indexing | Comprehensive_school | Comprehensive schools are primarily about providing an entitlement curriculum to all children, without selection whether due to financial considerations or attainment. A consequence of that is a wider ranging curriculum, including practical subjects such as design and technology and vocational learning, which were less common or non-existent in grammar schools. Providing post-16 education cost-effectively becomes more challenging for smaller comprehensive schools, because of the number of courses needed to cover a broader curriculum with comparatively fewer students. This is why schools have tended to get larger and also why many local authorities have organised secondary education into 11โ16 schools, with the post-16 provision provided by Sixth Form colleges and Further Education Colleges. Comprehensive schools do not select their intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, but there are demographic reasons why the attainment profiles of different schools vary considerably. In addition, government initiatives such as the City Technology Colleges and Specialist schools programmes have made the comprehensive ideal less certain. | What are some areas of learning in comprehensive schools that were not found often in grammar schools? | null | design and technology and vocational learning | # 25524 | # 23858 | Article # 25524
Content: | A consequence of that is a wider ranging curriculum, including practical subjects such as design and technology and vocational learning, which were less common or non-existent in grammar schools. Comprehensive schools are primarily about providing an entitlement curriculum to all children, without selection whether due to financial considerations or attainment. Comprehensive schools do not select their intake on the basis of academic achievement or aptitude, but there are demographic reasons why the attainment profiles of different schools vary considerably. Providing post-16 education cost-effectively becomes more challenging for smaller comprehensive schools, because of the number of courses needed to cover a broader curriculum with comparatively fewer students. In addition, government initiatives such as the City Technology Colleges and Specialist schools programmes have made the comprehensive ideal less certain. This is why schools have tended to get larger and also why many local authorities have organised secondary education into 11โ16 schools, with the post-16 provision provided by Sixth Form colleges and Further Education Colleges. |
# 39917indexing | Republic_of_the_Congo | The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Congo-Brazzaville was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. Upon independence in 1960, the former colony of French Congo became the Republic of the Congo. The People's Republic of the Congo was a MarxistโLeninist one-party state from 1970 to 1991. Multi-party elections have been held since 1992, although a democratically elected government was ousted in the 1997 Republic of the Congo Civil War and President Denis Sassou Nguesso has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years. | What language was spoken in the area that became the Congo? | null | Bantu | # 39917 | # 21659 | Article # 39917
Content: | The People's Republic of the Congo was a MarxistโLeninist one-party state from 1970 to 1991. Congo-Brazzaville was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. Multi-party elections have been held since 1992, although a democratically elected government was ousted in the 1997 Republic of the Congo Civil War and President Denis Sassou Nguesso has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years. The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Upon independence in 1960, the former colony of French Congo became the Republic of the Congo. |
# 39917indexing | Republic_of_the_Congo | The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Congo-Brazzaville was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. Upon independence in 1960, the former colony of French Congo became the Republic of the Congo. The People's Republic of the Congo was a MarxistโLeninist one-party state from 1970 to 1991. Multi-party elections have been held since 1992, although a democratically elected government was ousted in the 1997 Republic of the Congo Civil War and President Denis Sassou Nguesso has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years. | What language was spoken in the area that became the Congo? | null | Bantu | # 39917 | # 21659 | Article # 39917
Content: | The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Multi-party elections have been held since 1992, although a democratically elected government was ousted in the 1997 Republic of the Congo Civil War and President Denis Sassou Nguesso has ruled for 26 of the past 36 years. Congo-Brazzaville was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. Upon independence in 1960, the former colony of French Congo became the Republic of the Congo. The People's Republic of the Congo was a MarxistโLeninist one-party state from 1970 to 1991. |
# 11535indexing | Prime_minister | In parliamentary systems fashioned after the Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding and actual head of government and head of the executive branch. In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e. the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a largely ceremonial position, although often with reserve powers. | What is a parliamentary model on which other systems have been based? | null | Westminster system | # 11535 | # 27651 | Article # 11535
Content: | In parliamentary systems fashioned after the Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding and actual head of government and head of the executive branch. the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a largely ceremonial position, although often with reserve powers. In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e. |
# 11535indexing | Prime_minister | In parliamentary systems fashioned after the Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding and actual head of government and head of the executive branch. In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e. the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a largely ceremonial position, although often with reserve powers. | What is a parliamentary model on which other systems have been based? | null | Westminster system | # 11535 | # 27651 | Article # 11535
Content: | In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e. In parliamentary systems fashioned after the Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding and actual head of government and head of the executive branch. the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a largely ceremonial position, although often with reserve powers. |
# 21028indexing | Institute_of_technology | The English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French รcole Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. The French term comes from the Greek ฯฮฟฮปฯ (polรบ or polรฝ) meaning "many" and ฯฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯฯ (tekhnikรณs) meaning "arts". | In what century did the term polytechnic first show up? | null | 19th century | # 21028 | # 23946 | Article # 21028
Content: | The French term comes from the Greek ฯฮฟฮปฯ (polรบ or polรฝ) meaning "many" and ฯฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯฯ (tekhnikรณs) meaning "arts". The English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French รcole Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. |
# 21028indexing | Institute_of_technology | The English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French รcole Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. The French term comes from the Greek ฯฮฟฮปฯ (polรบ or polรฝ) meaning "many" and ฯฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯฯ (tekhnikรณs) meaning "arts". | In what century did the term polytechnic first show up? | null | 19th century | # 21028 | # 23946 | Article # 21028
Content: | The English term polytechnic appeared in the early 19th century, from the French รcole Polytechnique, an engineering school founded in 1794 in Paris. The French term comes from the Greek ฯฮฟฮปฯ (polรบ or polรฝ) meaning "many" and ฯฮตฯฮฝฮนฮบฯฯ (tekhnikรณs) meaning "arts". |
# 32778indexing | Wayback_Machine | Since 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. Their grand vision is to archive the entire Internet. | What operating system is used on Wayback Machine's servers? | null | Linux | # 32778 | # 18097 | Article # 32778
Content: | The intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. Their grand vision is to archive the entire Internet. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. Since 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. |
# 32778indexing | Wayback_Machine | Since 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. Their grand vision is to archive the entire Internet. | What operating system is used on Wayback Machine's servers? | null | Linux | # 32778 | # 18097 | Article # 32778
Content: | They revisit sites every few weeks or months and archive a new version if the content has changed. Since 1996, they have been archiving cached pages of web sites onto their large cluster of Linux nodes. Their grand vision is to archive the entire Internet. Sites can also be captured on the fly by visitors who are offered a link to do so. The intent is to capture and archive content that otherwise would be lost whenever a site is changed or closed down. |
# 30266indexing | Dutch_Republic | Until the 16th century, the Low Countries โ corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg โ consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France. | The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries? | null | Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg | # 30266 | # 21618 | Article # 30266
Content: | Until the 16th century, the Low Countries โ corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg โ consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France. |
# 30266indexing | Dutch_Republic | Until the 16th century, the Low Countries โ corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg โ consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France. | The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries? | null | Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg | # 30266 | # 21618 | Article # 30266
Content: | Until the 16th century, the Low Countries โ corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg โ consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France. |
# 39553indexing | Symbiosis | The definition of symbiosis has varied among scientists. Some believe symbiosis should only refer to persistent mutualisms, while others believe it should apply to any type of persistent biological interaction (in other words mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic). After 130 years of debate, current biology and ecology textbooks now use the latter "de Bary" definition or an even broader definition (where symbiosis means all species interactions), with the restrictive definition no longer used (in other words, symbiosis means mutualism). | How long did it take for scientists to stop using the narrow definition of symbiosis? | null | 130 years | # 39553 | # 25293 | Article # 39553
Content: | The definition of symbiosis has varied among scientists. After 130 years of debate, current biology and ecology textbooks now use the latter "de Bary" definition or an even broader definition (where symbiosis means all species interactions), with the restrictive definition no longer used (in other words, symbiosis means mutualism). Some believe symbiosis should only refer to persistent mutualisms, while others believe it should apply to any type of persistent biological interaction (in other words mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic). |
# 39553indexing | Symbiosis | The definition of symbiosis has varied among scientists. Some believe symbiosis should only refer to persistent mutualisms, while others believe it should apply to any type of persistent biological interaction (in other words mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic). After 130 years of debate, current biology and ecology textbooks now use the latter "de Bary" definition or an even broader definition (where symbiosis means all species interactions), with the restrictive definition no longer used (in other words, symbiosis means mutualism). | How long did it take for scientists to stop using the narrow definition of symbiosis? | null | 130 years | # 39553 | # 25293 | Article # 39553
Content: | The definition of symbiosis has varied among scientists. Some believe symbiosis should only refer to persistent mutualisms, while others believe it should apply to any type of persistent biological interaction (in other words mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic). After 130 years of debate, current biology and ecology textbooks now use the latter "de Bary" definition or an even broader definition (where symbiosis means all species interactions), with the restrictive definition no longer used (in other words, symbiosis means mutualism). |
# 25944indexing | Canadian_Armed_Forces | This unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supplementary Reserve, Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service, and the Canadian Rangers. Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces are an entity separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence (the federal government department responsible for administration and formation of defence policy), which also exists as the civilian support system for the Forces. | How many sub components are there? | null | four | # 25944 | # 31132 | Article # 25944
Content: | This unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supplementary Reserve, Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service, and the Canadian Rangers. Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces are an entity separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence (the federal government department responsible for administration and formation of defence policy), which also exists as the civilian support system for the Forces. |
# 25944indexing | Canadian_Armed_Forces | This unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supplementary Reserve, Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service, and the Canadian Rangers. Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces are an entity separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence (the federal government department responsible for administration and formation of defence policy), which also exists as the civilian support system for the Forces. | How many sub components are there? | null | four | # 25944 | # 31132 | Article # 25944
Content: | Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces are an entity separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence (the federal government department responsible for administration and formation of defence policy), which also exists as the civilian support system for the Forces. Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supplementary Reserve, Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service, and the Canadian Rangers. This unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). |
# 16074indexing | Cardinal_(Catholicism) | The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral. | At one time, Priest permanently were assigned to a church were referred to as? | null | cardinal | # 16074 | # 11508 | Article # 16074
Content: | The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral. The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. |
# 16074indexing | Cardinal_(Catholicism) | The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral. | At one time, Priest permanently were assigned to a church were referred to as? | null | cardinal | # 16074 | # 11508 | Article # 16074
Content: | The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral. |
# 34727indexing | Iranian_languages | As of 2008, there were an estimated 150โ200 million native speakers of Iranian languages. Ethnologue estimates there are 86 Iranian languages, the largest amongst them being Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, and Balochi. | How many different Iranian languages exist? | null | 86 | # 34727 | # 24222 | Article # 34727
Content: | As of 2008, there were an estimated 150โ200 million native speakers of Iranian languages. Ethnologue estimates there are 86 Iranian languages, the largest amongst them being Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, and Balochi. |
# 34727indexing | Iranian_languages | As of 2008, there were an estimated 150โ200 million native speakers of Iranian languages. Ethnologue estimates there are 86 Iranian languages, the largest amongst them being Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, and Balochi. | How many different Iranian languages exist? | null | 86 | # 34727 | # 24222 | Article # 34727
Content: | As of 2008, there were an estimated 150โ200 million native speakers of Iranian languages. Ethnologue estimates there are 86 Iranian languages, the largest amongst them being Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, and Balochi. |
# 29562indexing | Lighting | Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects. | What type of fixtures do you use for indoor lighting? | null | light fixtures | # 29562 | # 22638 | Article # 29562
Content: | Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects. Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. |
# 29562indexing | Lighting | Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects. | What type of fixtures do you use for indoor lighting? | null | light fixtures | # 29562 | # 22638 | Article # 29562
Content: | Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects. |
# 38222indexing | Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution | During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as John Locke advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the opinions of the framers of the United States Constitution. | Which Enlightenment thinker supported the idea of separation of powers? | null | John Locke | # 38222 | # 20329 | Article # 38222
Content: | Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the opinions of the framers of the United States Constitution. During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as John Locke advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. |
# 38222indexing | Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution | During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as John Locke advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the opinions of the framers of the United States Constitution. | Which Enlightenment thinker supported the idea of separation of powers? | null | John Locke | # 38222 | # 20329 | Article # 38222
Content: | During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as John Locke advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the opinions of the framers of the United States Constitution. |
# 10499indexing | Architecture | The earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture is De architectura, by the Roman architect Vitruvius in the early 1st century AD. According to Vitruvius, a good building should satisfy the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas, commonly known by the original translation โ firmness, commodity and delight. An equivalent in modern English would be: | What is the oldest architecture plans that has survived? | null | De architectura | # 10499 | # 26246 | Article # 10499
Content: | The earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture is De architectura, by the Roman architect Vitruvius in the early 1st century AD. According to Vitruvius, a good building should satisfy the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas, commonly known by the original translation โ firmness, commodity and delight. An equivalent in modern English would be: |
# 10499indexing | Architecture | The earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture is De architectura, by the Roman architect Vitruvius in the early 1st century AD. According to Vitruvius, a good building should satisfy the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas, commonly known by the original translation โ firmness, commodity and delight. An equivalent in modern English would be: | What is the oldest architecture plans that has survived? | null | De architectura | # 10499 | # 26246 | Article # 10499
Content: | The earliest surviving written work on the subject of architecture is De architectura, by the Roman architect Vitruvius in the early 1st century AD. According to Vitruvius, a good building should satisfy the three principles of firmitas, utilitas, venustas, commonly known by the original translation โ firmness, commodity and delight. An equivalent in modern English would be: |
# 17005indexing | Human_Development_Index | The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality)," and "the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)." | In what year did the Human Development Report introduce the IHDI? | null | 2010 | # 17005 | # 10897 | Article # 17005
Content: | While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality)," and "the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)." The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). |
# 17005indexing | Human_Development_Index | The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality)," and "the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)." | In what year did the Human Development Report introduce the IHDI? | null | 2010 | # 17005 | # 10897 | Article # 17005
Content: | While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that "the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality)," and "the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)." The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). |
# 25838indexing | Southern_Europe | Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features โ its geography, climate, and flora. | What are three characteristics that can be employed to characterize southern Europe? | null | political, economic, and cultural attributes | # 25838 | # 38797 | Article # 25838
Content: | Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features โ its geography, climate, and flora. |
# 25838indexing | Southern_Europe | Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features โ its geography, climate, and flora. | What are three characteristics that can be employed to characterize southern Europe? | null | political, economic, and cultural attributes | # 25838 | # 38797 | Article # 25838
Content: | Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features โ its geography, climate, and flora. |
# 25838indexing | BBC_Television | The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing. The services are funded by a television licence. | What percentage of viewership across the UK is constituted by the BBC? | null | 30% | # 25838 | # 22618 | Article # 25838
Content: | The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing. The services are funded by a television licence. |
# 25838indexing | BBC_Television | The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing. The services are funded by a television licence. | What percentage of viewership across the UK is constituted by the BBC? | null | 30% | # 25838 | # 22618 | Article # 25838
Content: | The services are funded by a television licence. The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing. |
# 35161indexing | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times. Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all times as well as its biggest icon. Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon. His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, which was a box-office hit and resulted in a sequel. In 1984, he appeared in James Cameron's science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success. Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the franchise's later installments in 1991, 2003, and 2015. He appeared in a number of successful films, such as Commando (1985), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), Twins (1988), Total Recall (1990), Kindergarten Cop (1990) and True Lies (1994). He was nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" during his acting career, and "The Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "The Terminator", one of his best-known movie roles). | How old was Schwarzenegger when he started bodybuilding? | null | 15 | # 35161 | # 28031 | Article # 35161
Content: | He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times. He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all times as well as its biggest icon. Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the franchise's later installments in 1991, 2003, and 2015. He appeared in a number of successful films, such as Commando (1985), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), Twins (1988), Total Recall (1990), Kindergarten Cop (1990) and True Lies (1994). In 1984, he appeared in James Cameron's science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success. Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon. He was nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" during his acting career, and "The Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "The Terminator", one of his best-known movie roles). Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, which was a box-office hit and resulted in a sequel. |
# 35161indexing | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times. Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all times as well as its biggest icon. Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon. His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, which was a box-office hit and resulted in a sequel. In 1984, he appeared in James Cameron's science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success. Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the franchise's later installments in 1991, 2003, and 2015. He appeared in a number of successful films, such as Commando (1985), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), Twins (1988), Total Recall (1990), Kindergarten Cop (1990) and True Lies (1994). He was nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" during his acting career, and "The Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "The Terminator", one of his best-known movie roles). | How old was Schwarzenegger when he started bodybuilding? | null | 15 | # 35161 | # 28031 | Article # 35161
Content: | Schwarzenegger gained worldwide fame as a Hollywood action film icon. He appeared in a number of successful films, such as Commando (1985), The Running Man (1987), Predator (1987), Twins (1988), Total Recall (1990), Kindergarten Cop (1990) and True Lies (1994). He is widely considered to be among the greatest bodybuilders of all times as well as its biggest icon. Schwarzenegger has remained a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport. He won the Mr. Universe title at age 20 and went on to win the Mr. Olympia contest seven times. He was nicknamed the "Austrian Oak" in his bodybuilding days, "Arnie" during his acting career, and "The Governator" (a portmanteau of "Governor" and "The Terminator", one of his best-known movie roles). His breakthrough film was the sword-and-sorcery epic Conan the Barbarian in 1982, which was a box-office hit and resulted in a sequel. In 1984, he appeared in James Cameron's science-fiction thriller film The Terminator, which was a massive critical and box-office success. Schwarzenegger began weight training at the age of 15. Schwarzenegger subsequently reprised the Terminator character in the franchise's later installments in 1991, 2003, and 2015. |
# 29450indexing | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony โ the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | What was the location of the earliest settlement near Plymouth? | null | Mount Batten | # 29450 | # 33791 | Article # 29450
Content: | This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony โ the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. |
# 29450indexing | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony โ the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | What was the location of the earliest settlement near Plymouth? | null | Mount Batten | # 29450 | # 33791 | Article # 29450
Content: | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony โ the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. |
# 29365indexing | Heresy | The term is usually used to refer to violations of important religious teachings, but is used also of views strongly opposed to any generally accepted ideas. It is used in particular in reference to Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism. | What religions and idea of thought is heresy cited as being used frequently in? | null | Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism | # 29365 | # 21496 | Article # 29365
Content: | It is used in particular in reference to Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism. The term is usually used to refer to violations of important religious teachings, but is used also of views strongly opposed to any generally accepted ideas. |
# 29365indexing | Heresy | The term is usually used to refer to violations of important religious teachings, but is used also of views strongly opposed to any generally accepted ideas. It is used in particular in reference to Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism. | What religions and idea of thought is heresy cited as being used frequently in? | null | Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism | # 29365 | # 21496 | Article # 29365
Content: | It is used in particular in reference to Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Marxism. The term is usually used to refer to violations of important religious teachings, but is used also of views strongly opposed to any generally accepted ideas. |
# 21618indexing | Warsaw_Pact | While the Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to NATO, there was no direct confrontation between them. Instead, the conflict was fought on an ideological basis. Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs. The Warsaw Pact's largest military engagement was Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (with the participation of all Pact nations except Romania and Albania). The Pact failed to function when the Revolutions of 1989 spread through Eastern Europe, beginning with the Solidarity movement in Poland and its success in June 1989. | Which organization was in direct competition with the Warsaw Pact? | null | NATO | # 21618 | # 17005 | Article # 21618
Content: | The Warsaw Pact's largest military engagement was Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (with the participation of all Pact nations except Romania and Albania). The Pact failed to function when the Revolutions of 1989 spread through Eastern Europe, beginning with the Solidarity movement in Poland and its success in June 1989. Instead, the conflict was fought on an ideological basis. Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs. While the Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to NATO, there was no direct confrontation between them. |
# 21618indexing | Warsaw_Pact | While the Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to NATO, there was no direct confrontation between them. Instead, the conflict was fought on an ideological basis. Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs. The Warsaw Pact's largest military engagement was Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (with the participation of all Pact nations except Romania and Albania). The Pact failed to function when the Revolutions of 1989 spread through Eastern Europe, beginning with the Solidarity movement in Poland and its success in June 1989. | Which organization was in direct competition with the Warsaw Pact? | null | NATO | # 21618 | # 17005 | Article # 21618
Content: | While the Warsaw Pact was established as a balance of power or counterweight to NATO, there was no direct confrontation between them. The Warsaw Pact's largest military engagement was Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (with the participation of all Pact nations except Romania and Albania). The Pact failed to function when the Revolutions of 1989 spread through Eastern Europe, beginning with the Solidarity movement in Poland and its success in June 1989. Both NATO and the Warsaw Pact led to the expansion of military forces and their integration into the respective blocs. Instead, the conflict was fought on an ideological basis. |
# 24505indexing | Materialism | Materialism is closely related to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Philosophical physicalism has evolved from materialism with the discoveries of the physical sciences to incorporate more sophisticated notions of physicality than mere ordinary matter, such as: spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter, and so on. Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are synonymous. | What are some examples of philosophical physicalism? | null | spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter | # 24505 | # 34926 | Article # 24505
Content: | Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are synonymous. Philosophical physicalism has evolved from materialism with the discoveries of the physical sciences to incorporate more sophisticated notions of physicality than mere ordinary matter, such as: spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter, and so on. Materialism is closely related to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. |
# 24505indexing | Materialism | Materialism is closely related to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Philosophical physicalism has evolved from materialism with the discoveries of the physical sciences to incorporate more sophisticated notions of physicality than mere ordinary matter, such as: spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter, and so on. Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are synonymous. | What are some examples of philosophical physicalism? | null | spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter | # 24505 | # 34926 | Article # 24505
Content: | Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are synonymous. Philosophical physicalism has evolved from materialism with the discoveries of the physical sciences to incorporate more sophisticated notions of physicality than mere ordinary matter, such as: spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter, and so on. Materialism is closely related to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. |
# 10363indexing | Space_Race | The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology. | Where were the actual origin of the Space Race? | null | Germany | # 10363 | # 10042 | Article # 10363
Content: | Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. |
# 10363indexing | Space_Race | The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology. | Where were the actual origin of the Space Race? | null | Germany | # 10363 | # 10042 | Article # 10363
Content: | Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. |
# 21496indexing | Pub | The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century. | How far back does the history of pubs go back? | null | to Roman taverns | # 21496 | # 14055 | Article # 21496
Content: | The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century. |
# 21496indexing | Pub | The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century. | How far back does the history of pubs go back? | null | to Roman taverns | # 21496 | # 14055 | Article # 21496
Content: | The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century. |
# 21738indexing | Christian | There are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict. However, "Whatever else they might disagree about, Christians are at least united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance." The term "Christian" is also used adjectivally to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices. | While many, the perceptions of Christianity can sometimes what? | null | conflict | # 21738 | # 10946 | Article # 21738
Content: | However, "Whatever else they might disagree about, Christians are at least united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance." There are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict. It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices. The term "Christian" is also used adjectivally to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." |
# 21738indexing | Christian | There are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict. However, "Whatever else they might disagree about, Christians are at least united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance." The term "Christian" is also used adjectivally to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices. | While many, the perceptions of Christianity can sometimes what? | null | conflict | # 21738 | # 10946 | Article # 21738
Content: | However, "Whatever else they might disagree about, Christians are at least united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance." It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices. There are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict. The term "Christian" is also used adjectivally to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." |
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