Datasets:

tomekkorbak

/

pii-pile-chunk3-1400000-1450000

like 0

[ "Guacamelee (Drinkbox Studios) Review\n\nWith the launch of Sony’s PlayStation Vita, it was an unknown downloadable title that stole the show. ", "Developer and self publisher, Drinkbox Studios, released Mutant Blobs Attack to much critical acclaim and universal praise. ", "The titles lush 2D visuals and addicting simplistic gameplay captured gamers attentions. ", "Now Drinkbox Studios returns with Guacamelee,a 2D platformer that offers wonderful visuals with a well-written story and solid gameplay to make Guacamelee one of the finest downloaded titles this generation.", "\n\nJuan is an everyday farmer that returns from the afterlife as a superhero wrestler to fight off the demons that have come to cause havoc. ", "If that premise sounds silly that is because it is and Drinkbox Studios pokes fun at the absurdity of the story with great comical dialogue that never tries to take itself seriously. ", "Carrying on the tradition of the stunning 2D artwork from Mutant Blobs Attack, the developers offer a simple art style but with bright booming colors that truly bring a sense of character to the world.", "\n\nSuper Metroid was an obvious inspiration for Guacamelee as the title offers a non-linear approach to exploration and character development. ", "When new abilities are acquired the game encourages the player to go back and access areas previously unattainable. ", "You will need all the abilities you can attain to defeat some of the challenging boss encounters in the game.", "\n\nGuacamelee’s 2D artwork is beautifully realized on the system’s OLED screen. ", "Sony has really made an effort to make their platforms attractive for indie developers and with games like Guacamelee being created in this new indie-friendly environment, we have many more classic gems to look forward to (****, $14.99, available on PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita, Rated E for Everyone).", "\n\nThis entry was posted\non Tuesday, April 23rd, 2013 at 11:00 pm and is filed under Exclusively Online, Video Game Review.", "\nYou can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.", "\nBoth comments and pings are currently closed." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.014285714285714285, 0.016129032258064516, 0.011235955056179775, 0.014492753623188406, 0, 0.00546448087431694, 0.009950248756218905, 0.007042253521126761, 0, 0, 0.012658227848101266, 0.003246753246753247, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "When Jim Chancellor of Fiction Records was presented with the Music Week award for A&R of the year recently by Elbow's Guy Garvey, he ran up on stage, jumped on top of the singer and wrapped his arms and legs around him. ", "Not the usual behaviour of a record label executive, you'd imagine. ", "Yet, sitting with Chancellor in his office on the eve of the release of their new album, Build a Rocket Boys!, ", "the love and passion he feels for Elbow is obvious. \"", "It's a work of utter beauty,\" he says.", "\n\nChancellor's relationship with Elbow goes back many years. ", "He followed the band for a decade before finally managing to buy them out of their previous deal with V2. \"", "They started The Seldom Seen Kid before we got the deal done. ", "I wasn't allowed to hear a note until the deal was signed, for legal reasons. ", "When I finally sat down with them to listen to it they asked me what I thought, and I was blown away – The Loneliness of a Tower Crane Driver was the most staggeringly beautiful piece of music I'd ever heard,\" he says. \"", "Maybe that's all the A&R they needed, someone to tap them on the back saying 'that was great'.\"", "\n\nSome bands write many songs for an album, and need the help of an A&R to point out which ones are potential singles. ", "But Chancellor says Elbow are brilliant at weeding out rubbish themselves. ", "Even though he thought The Seldom Seen Kid was \"utterly brilliant\", the radio department at Polydor/Universal, of which Fiction is a subsidiary, said they needed a crossover track – an anthem, if you will – to plug to radio. \"", "Leave it with me,\" Garvey told Chancellor. ", "A week later, the band delivered One Day Like This.", "\n\nFor some bands, winning the Mercury prize has been a curse, but for Elbow it brought them a wider audience when they won in 2008. \"", "We enter two or three records [for the Mercury prize] every year,\" says Chancellor. \"", "Pretty much anybody can do it. ", "I think they had about 127 applicants last year. ", "It costs you a few hundred quid. ", "You have to send them a whole bunch of records and press, and then they hone it down to the finalists, supposedly solely based on it being a great record.\"", "\n\nSo what about the follow-up? \"", "It's hard to follow a record that, in some people's eyes, is perfect,\" says Chancellor. \"", "A&R is about engaging the artist and finding out how to get the best out of them, to make sure they deliver the best possible record they could make in their entire lives. ", "The problem is you've got to do that every single time. ", "It might be to send them to Malibu to do some writing, as we've done with Snow Patrol. ", "Elbow went to the Isle of Mull for a week, to hang out and jam.", "\n\n\"Rock isn't dead – that's a load of old bollocks,\" he continues, referring to recent reports on the lack of rock artits in the top 40. \"", "We managed to sell quite a lot of records last year. ", "It's become a hell of a lot harder. ", "We can't spend as much money as we used to. ", "It's really tough, but because we've had a few successes, it's given us the chance to sign more artists.", "\n\n\"The figures on album sales are not as bad as people think. ", "They're not great, but a lot of that is because there's nowhere to sell them any more. ", "Going into a book shop, you always buy a book you didn't plan to buy, and that was the beauty of record shops.\"", "\n\nChancellor maintains that bands still need labels, which are now offering much fairer multi-service partnership deals and revenues split 50/50 or 75/25 with the artist, depending on the investment required. ", "I ask him if his acts agree. \"", "I sincerely hope so. ", "The other side of the coin is: who in their right mind is going to give four unemployed guys from Manchester £150,000 and just tell them 'make some music, and let's see what happens'. ", "Would you get that from a bank? ", "No chance. ", "We just say: 'Give us a song and we'll see what we can do. ", "Bands who have gone out there trying to do it all by themselves have realised it's tough. ", "Our job is to spread the music.\"", "\n\nBut getting a record deal is just the beginning. ", "By the time Fiction signed Snow Patrol, the band had already released two albums on the indie label Jeepster. \"", "By then, they were very hungry for success. ", "They worked like titans to promote Final Straw. ", "Yes, it's tough to get a deal – and it should be, because it's quite a commitment.\"", "\n\nWill Elbow break America, like Snow Patrol? \"", "A band has got to want that,\" says Chancellor. \"", "And it costs a lot of money to support extensive touring. ", "White Lies [another Fiction band] want that international success, and they've made an awful lot of effort to do that. ", "They've been everywhere and they're seeing results. ", "They're now getting into a position, everywhere but the US, so far, where they don't need money from me any more – because they've built such a live following.\"", "\n\nThe label also works like a hothouse for new talent, helping acts grow through regional touring, putting out a few EPs and working the specialist areas, before introducing them to the rest of Polydor. \"", "We give them the chance to quit their day job,\" says Chancellor.", "\n\nAt a recent Universal open day, I asked him what Universal is doing to change the perception that major labels are bad guys who rip off artists. ", "He replied that all they can do is treat artists right, so that they'll go out and speak positively about the label. \"", "We're very proud of what we do. ", "We don't feel like we're taking anybody to the cleaners, and the label is trying to be more transparent.\" ", "Judging by Guy Garvey's gushing testimony, he may be right." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.01809954751131222, 0, 0.009009009009009009, 0.018867924528301886, 0, 0, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0, 0, 0.010526315789473684, 0.008403361344537815, 0, 0.004424778761061947, 0, 0, 0.007518796992481203, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005813953488372093, 0, 0.011494252873563218, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009009009009009009, 0, 0, 0, 0.02127659574468085, 0, 0, 0.008403361344537815, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.01694915254237288 ]

[ "Sunday, 27 July 2008\n\nBlood Red Sky Interactive!", "\n\nI have always believed film to be a truly collaborative process. ", "With the possibilities offered online now, I can really make this happen with the new film BLOOD RED SKY.I've started a Facebook group dedicated to movie, where we will build up our crew, and also other creative minds and people who are interested in the making of a film.", "It will be a chance to really pull people together from the start and get them fully involved.", "It's a very exciting development in film-making for me, and will hopefully make for a better film.", "You can get involved by going here: BLOOD RED SKY GROUP" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.01818181818181818 ]

[ "XML3D and Xflow: combining declarative 3D for the Web with generic data flows.", "\nResearchers have combined XML3D, which provides declarative, interactive 3D scene descriptions based on HTML5, with Xflow, a language for declarative, high-performance data processing. ", "The result lets Web developers combine a 3D scene graph with data flows for dynamic meshes, animations, image processing, and postprocessing." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.01282051282051282, 0.010752688172043012, 0 ]

[ "The most advanced weather satellite ever built rocketed into space on Saturday night, part of an $11bn effort to revolutionise forecasting and save lives.", "\n\nThis new GOES-R spacecraft will track US weather as never before: hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding, volcanic ash clouds, wildfires, lightning storms, even solar flares.", "\n\nAbout 50 meteorologists from across the US converged on the launch site including with 8,000 space program workers.", "\n\n“What’s so exciting is that we’re going to be getting more data, more often, much more detailed, higher resolution,” said Al Roker from NBC.", "\n\n“If we can give people another 10, 15, 20 minutes [with tornadoes], we’re talking about lives being saved,” Roker said.", "\n\nStephen Volz from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s director of satellites said the satellite was “really a quantum leap above any satellite NOAA has ever flown.”", "\n\n“For the American public, that will mean faster, more accurate weather forecasts and warnings,” Volz said earlier in the week. “", "That also will mean more lives saved and better environmental intelligence” for government officials responsible for hurricane and other evacuations.", "\n\nAirline passengers also stand to benefit, as do rocket-launch teams. ", "Improved forecasting will help pilots avoid bad weather and help rocket scientists know when to call off a launch.", "\n\nThe first in a series of four high-tech satellites, it hitched a ride on an unmanned Atlas V rocket. ", "The satellite valued by NOAA at $1bn will join three ageing spacecraft with 40-year-old technology. ", "After months of testing, this newest satellite will take over for one of the older ones. ", "The second satellite in the series will follow in 2018.", "\n\nThe satellite’s six science instruments will offer three times as many channels as the existing system, four times the resolution and five times the scan speed, said NOAA program director Greg Mandt. ", "A similar imager is also flying on a Japanese weather satellite.", "\n\nTypically, it will churn out full images of the western hemisphere every 15 minutes and the continental United States every five minutes. ", "Specific storm regions will be updated every 30 seconds.", "\n\nForecasters will get pictures “like they’ve never seen before,” Mandt promised." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0, 0.005917159763313609, 0, 0.014084507042253521, 0.008264462809917356, 0.010869565217391304, 0.007692307692307693, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.01, 0, 0, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Please log in to watch this conference skillscast.", "\n\nCloud Haskell brings Erlang-style distributed concurrency to Haskell. ", "In this talk I'll talk about what it is and how you can use it. ", "I'll also describe the new implementation that we have been working on, with a focus on robustness and flexibility.", "\n\nYOU MAY ALSO LIKE:" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0, 0.027777777777777776, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Send this page to someone via email\n\nA Hollywood executive allegedly suggested they wanted Julia Roberts to play Harriet Tubman in the biopic about the iconic activist.", "\n\nScreenwriter Gregory Allen Howard revealed the news in a Q&A with Focus Features earlier this month.", "\n\nHoward is the screenwriter and producer of Harriet, which tells the story of Tubman and how she escaped slavery as well as the dangerous missions she led to liberate hundreds of others through the Underground Railroad.", "\n\nREAD MORE: Harriet Tubman won’t appear on U.S. $20 bill until after Trump presidency\n\n“I wanted to turn Harriet Tubman’s life, which I’d studied in college, into an action-adventure movie. ", "The climate in Hollywood, however, was very different back then,” Howard said.", "\n\n“I was told how one studio head said in a meeting: ‘This script is fantastic. ", "Let’s get Julia Roberts to play Harriet Tubman.'”", "\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nWhen someone suggested Roberts could not play the role, Howard claimed the executive responded: “It was so long ago. ", "No one is going to know the difference.”", "\n\nRoberts was not cast for the biopic, and 32-year-old British actress Cynthia Erivo played the role of Tubman.", "\n\nHoward also spoke about “two films” that “really changed the climate in Hollywood to allow Harriet to be made.”", "\n\n“When 12 Years a Slave became a hit and did a couple hundred million dollars worldwide, I told my agent: ‘You can’t say this kind of story won’t make money now.’ ", "Then Black Panther really blew the doors open,” Howard said during the Q&A.\n\n0:59 U.S. Treasury delays release of $20 bill featuring Harriet Tubman U.S. Treasury delays release of $20 bill featuring Harriet Tubman\n\nHoward said he felt Tubman’s story would make a great movie because she was “bigger than life.”", "\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\n“Harriet freeing slaves had a multiplying effect. ", "Plantation owners were scared that enslaved people would start getting ‘ideas.’ ", "There were always more slaves that [sic] white people on the plantations, but those enslaved didn’t know their own power. ", "Harriet showed them how powerful they could become,” he said.", "\n\nREAD MORE: Julia Roberts selected as People’s ‘Most Beautiful Woman’ — 7 reasons why we love her\n\nMany people took to Twitter to criticize the idea of casting Roberts as Tubman.", "\n\nIn light of news that Julia Roberts was being considered for the role of Harriett Tubman, I would like to put forth the idea for Leslie Jones to play Queen Elizabeth II in the upcoming biopic#paletteswaps — Darth Hater (@mrparks212) November 20, 2019\n\nSomeone find Julia Roberts I really want a comment ! — ", "Zerlina Maxwell (@ZerlinaMaxwell) November 20, 2019\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nThing is, with this administration, a Julia Roberts $20 already would have been approved. ", "https://t.co/5S51CMMwrl — Jemele Hill (@jemelehill) November 20, 2019\n\nthey said Julia Roberts OVER SCARLETT JOHANSSON, our melanin queen!? ", "pic.twitter.com/uFJqIaRbQV — megantheestallion’s babymama (@ariontheair) November 20, 2019\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nWhat I imagine the tension in the room was like in that general meeting when that studio exec suggested to Julia Roberts that she could play Harriet Tubman. ", "pic.twitter.com/SNm3U8B0z8 — Matthew A. Cherry (@MatthewACherry) November 20, 2019\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nI can't believe the reason #JuliaRoberts is trending. ", "pic.twitter.com/7gQyBKPWlq — Paige Turner – What do you mean by 'revisit?' (", "@FrontRowMezz) November 20, 2019\n\nThey really was going to try to push Julia Roberts to play Harriet Tubman because it was “so long ago” and “know one would notice.” ", "pic.twitter.com/SyM4y6Cn3D — ✨🐝 Jennifer L. (@MsJLaw) November 20, 2019\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nI’m sorry, but I’m just imagining Julia Roberts screaming, “TO FREEDOM!” ", "in blackface and… pic.twitter.com/GTcPWZYsfV — X (@XLNB) November 20, 2019\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nThinking about Julia Roberts as Harriet Tubman like pic.twitter.com/TUDctSEB0u — Allahpundit (@allahpundit) November 20, 2019\n\nREAD MORE: ‘Cats’ new trailer: A closer look at Taylor Swift and Idris Elba’s cat characters\n\nTubman, whose original name was Araminta Ross, was born into slavery in 1820 or 1821 on the eastern shore of Maryland. ", "In 1849, she fled to Philadelphia, after which a reward for her recapture was posted. ", "But Tubman returned to the South to lead other slaves to freedom, helping more than 70 people through the Underground Railroad network of abolitionists.", "\n\nShe worked as a scout, spy and nurse for the Union Army during the Civil War. ", "In 1863, she helped lead 150 black soldiers on a gunboat raid in South Carolina. ", "With Col. ", "James Montgomery, she rescued more than 700 slaves. ", "Tubman also became a noted suffragette before dying in 1913.", "\n\nStory continues below advertisement\n\nHarriet was released to theatres on Nov. 1.", "\n\n— With files from the Associated Press" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.011904761904761904, 0.029411764705882353, 0.00909090909090909, 0.015706806282722512, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.04081632653061224, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0.008849557522123894, 0, 0.02258064516129032, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.01675977653631285, 0.022653721682847898, 0.016666666666666666, 0.02142857142857143, 0.01048951048951049, 0.011428571428571429, 0.013157894736842105, 0.018072289156626505, 0.01639344262295082, 0.019867549668874173, 0, 0.006578947368421052, 0.0125, 0, 0, 0.019230769230769232, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0.025 ]

[ "Q:\n\nCan a tumor produce something not currently found in our own bodies?", "\n\nWhile speaking with my co-workers, the topic of tumors growing things came up. ", " The examples were (and backed by images) of tumors growing a tooth, hair, and sometimes even more complex objects such as an eye.", "\nMy question is, could a tumor reproduce something that isn't typically found in the human body? ", " Could it grow something that maybe a very distant ancestor would have had?", "\n\nA:\n\nIf you look at a cancer textbook (eg. ", "Robert A. Weinberg's The Biology of Cancer), you'll find that by definition, a tumor arises from tissues normally found in the patient's body. ", "There's a great deal more to it than just that simple statement, but given the context of the question, I think that answer should suffice.", "\nIn writing, \"...tumors growing a tooth, hair...\", I think you're talking about teratomas. ", "These contain \"normal derivatives of all three germ layers\". ", "These arise naturally from cells \"...typically found in the human body...\"\nCancer is a process where mutations in a single cell transform that cell into something that is by definition not \"typically found in the human body.\" ", "But a human cell transformed by mutation into a tumor (benign or malignant) is never (to the best of my knowledge) going to magically become a cell from another species or a very distant ancestor (ie. ", "something that is not \"typically found in the human body.\").", "\n\nA:\n\nTeratomas are thought to be a particular type of cancer, present from early development. ", " As cells which are essentially developmental cells, they seem to have a fairly unique ability to develop hair follicles, teeth and even structures like organs. ", "Indeed malignant teratomas often require chemotherapy or radiation therapy. ", " \nI think this bizzarre quality of producing organs or hair etc, is the result of the fact that the origin cells are programmed to develop into these organs before they become tumorous. ", " Later in life, we have no developmental stem cells in the body which will differentiate into organs and so other sorts of teratomas would seem to be unique. ", " \nCancer cells are still cells programmed to perform the roles they started with, but they are usually not capable of generating whole functional tissue or organs. ", "If they do they would normally be found amongst the tissue they would grow (e.g. liver cancer might produce tissue that looks like liver) so it would not have the unusual quality of teratomas of producing differentiated and specific tissues in isolation. ", " \n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006993006993006993, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "TEHRAN — The speaker of Iran’s Parliament, an open rival of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, was pelted with shoes and stones in one of Iran’s holiest shrines on Sunday, forcing him to cancel a speech there, the semiofficial Iranian Labour News Agency reported Monday.", "\n\nThe speaker, Ali Larijani, is a leading member of Iran’s most famous political family. ", "He had been scheduled to speak at the golden-domed shrine of Fatima Masoumeh, the daughter of a Shiite saint, to commemorate the 34th anniversary of the Islamic revolution.", "\n\nThe shrine is in the city of Qom, Mr. Larijani’s home district, where most of his political supporters among Iran’s traditional clergy hold offices.", "\n\nBut when he was preparing to deliver his speech, a group of around 100 protesters, described by the news agency as “Ahmadinejad fans,” started throwing shoes and small stones used by Shiite worshipers when they pray, actions that are regarded as gravely insulting. ", "When the protesters pressed toward the stage, Mr. Larijani’s bodyguards took him away." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.011278195488721804, 0.011235955056179775, 0.005813953488372093, 0.006666666666666667, 0.003745318352059925, 0.011627906976744186 ]

[ "Adolescent chest pain.", "\nChest pain in adolescents rarely indicates serious organic pathology. ", "Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common identifiable causes; psychogenic, respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders are also part of the differential diagnosis. ", "Although cardiac disease is part of the differential diagnosis, it is very rare in this age group. ", "Routine tests usually do not help establish a diagnosis and should be ordered only if indicated on the basis of the history and findings of the physical examination. ", "Although most cases of chest pain are not caused by serious disease, the complaint should not be casually dismissed. ", "An important role for primary care physicians is to provide support and adequate follow-up, because adolescent chest pain is often chronic." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "1. ", "Field of the Invention\nThe invention relates to a control device for differential speed steering of a vehicle with an arrangement of four control valves assigned in pairs to respectively two directions of two degrees of freedom, their outputs being connected to control connectors regulating the forward and reverse movements of a right and left driving element by means of respective steering and drive control positions of the spool valve via reversing valves, which cause a steering reversal in the forward-reverse movement sense.", "\n2. ", "The Prior Art\nA differential speed steering device is known from German Patent DE-PS No. ", "25 11 176, in which four controllable valves are arranged around the circumference of a control lever, each one of the two which are arranged opposite to each other serves as forward and reverse control and the other two, being disposed laterally, are used for a differential drive control of a right and left hydraulically operated drive by means of interposed shuttle valves. ", "Operation of the device by means of the steering lever movable in two dimensions considerably differs from the customary steering and speed control by means of two operating elements, which are separately movable in a single dimension, of other types of vehicles. ", "There is the additional disadvantage that in order to move in a tight turn, the reverse movement of the one drive and the simultaneous forward movement of the other drive is only possible by the additional operation of a special reversing valve, which further complicates operation and differs from the usual operation and also results in discontinuous steering and driving operations.", "\nThe many diverse steering elements and their connections to each other are complicated and pose increased safety risks. ", "Additionally, straight movement requires constant steering and exact matching of the pressure conditions in the control and reversing valves." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0.011235955056179775, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.", "\n\nIntroduction {#sec001}\n============\n\nThe ability to look deeper into a tissue is a constant demand from the biological or medical researchers who work with a fluorescence microscopy. ", "Recently, a number of optical clearing agents that make tissues transparent have been developed, which ultimately allows tissue imaging to reach a deeper position \\[[@pone.0227650.ref001]--[@pone.0227650.ref006]\\]. ", "In order to obtain exquisite structural information of tissues, such as neurons, a high magnification objective lens with a high numerical aperture (NA) is an essential component for imaging. ", "However, the working distance (WD) of such a high resolving objective is always as short as about 100 μm, which determines the maximum focusing depth. ", "For deep tissue imaging, while the tissue clearing technique provides a promising solution from the specimen aspect, it remains a practical challenge due to the restriction from the objectives aspect.", "\n\nAlmost all the biological objectives are designed for a 170 μm thickness coverslip. ", "For high magnification objectives (60× and 100×), liquid immersion lens, especially oil-immersion, is commonly used to obtain a higher resolving power, where the high refractive index (RI) of oil (RI: 1.515) compared to that of air (RI: 1.000) gives a higher NA of objectives. ", "In this setup, an objective lens immersing in oil is located under the tissue behind a glass coverslip, where the lens can only be moved until it is in contact with the coverslip. ", "The distance between the top lens of the objective and the surface of coverslip is known as WD; it roughly describes the maximum depth of the nominal focal plane that one can observe into a tissue specimen ([Fig 1A](#pone.0227650.g001){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "Here, we postulate that if the coverslip can be removed from the optical path, an extra distance for the movement of an objective lens would be obtained, and a deeper tissue imaging with a conventional setup and off-the-shelf objectives could be possible.", "\n\n{#pone.0227650.g001}\n\nThe absence of a coverslip when using an inverted microscopy seems impossible as it will cause the specimen falling onto the objective lens or at least a damaging exposure to the atmosphere or immersion liquids. ", "In previous studies, we have developed a nanosheet wrapping method to address the issues of specimen shrinkage and movement in tissue and cell imaging \\[[@pone.0227650.ref007], [@pone.0227650.ref008]\\]. ", "The term nanosheet refers to a transparent polymer thin film with a thickness of around 100 nm, less than one-thousandth that of a coverslip. ", "Inspired by the use of plastic food wraps in our daily life, nanosheets have shown their capability to wrap various biological tissues. ", "In this paper, we propose a nanosheet wrapping-assisted coverslip-free imaging method, where the tissue specimens are observed behind a polymer nanosheet, instead of a glass coverslip ([Fig 1B](#pone.0227650.g001){ref-type=\"fig\"}).", "\n\nMaterials and methods {#sec002}\n=====================\n\nFabrication of nanosheets {#sec003}\n-------------------------\n\nSilicon substrates (100) deposited with a 200 nm thermally grown silicon oxide layer (KST World Co., Japan) were cut to a size of 35×35 mm^2^ and treated with a piranha solution (1:3 (v/v) mixture of hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid). ", "Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, polymerization degree: \\~500, 86.5%--89.0% hydrolyzed, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. Japan) was dissolved in water at 10 mg mL^--1^. The solution was dropped on the substrate and spin-coated at 4000 rpm for 60 s (MS-A100, Mikasa Co., Ltd. Japan). ", "Next, a solution of CYTOP (CTX-809SP, AGC Inc., Japan) dissolved in perfluorotributylamine at a concentration of 30 mg mL^--1^ was dropped on the PVA-coated substrate and spin-coated at the same conditions. ", "The prepared substrate was immersed into water and the CYTOP nanosheet was released from the silicon substrate and floated on the surface of water. ", "All the fabrication processes were conducted at room temperature (25°C) and a normal relative humidity (35% RH). ", "The film thickness was determined by a scalpel scratch made on the re-supported nanosheets on silicon substrates, and measured using a stylus profilometer (DektakXT, Bruker Co., MA). ", "The optical transmittance of a re-supported CYTOP nanosheet on quartz substrate was recorded with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-2600, Shimadzu Co., Japan).", "\n\nMechanical tests on nanosheet wrapping {#sec004}\n--------------------------------------\n\nWith the help of a homebuilt wire loop (diameter: \\~28 mm), CYTOP nanosheets can be lifted out of water and supported in the air. ", "The specimen was gently placed in the center of a coverslip with a diameter of 25 mm (0.13--0.16 mm thickness, AS ONE Co., Japan), and then wrapped with a nanosheet. ", "To test the bearing capacity of a nanosheet, a round magnetic tape (diameter: 10 mm, thickness: 0.5 mm, KOKUYO Co., Ltd. Japan) was used as a model tissue and wrapped with a CYTOP nanosheet. ", "A permanent magnet cylinder (diameter: 10 mm, thickness: 10 mm, remanence magnetic flux density: 480 mT) was approached from a distance of 10 mm with a speed of 2.0 mm min^--1^ until the nanosheet ruptured. ", "This process was performed on a horizontal universal testing machine and the force was recorded by a digital force gauge (FSA-0.5HK2 and ZTA-2N, IMADA Co., Ltd. Japan). ", "The photos of the nanosheet wrapping process, the nanosheet wrapped agarose gel and brain slice were taken using a digital camera G7 X Mark II (Canon Inc., Japan). ", "The photos of the mechanical test were captured using a portable microscopy (3R-MSUSB401, 3R SOLUTION Co., Japan).", "\n\nContact angle measurements on nanosheets {#sec005}\n----------------------------------------\n\nA CYTOP nanosheet was prepared on a silicon substrate using spin-coating as described above. ", "Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was chosen as a comparison polymer to prepare the nanosheet. ", "Specifically, silicone elastomer Sylgard 184 (Dow Chemical Co., MI) with a mixing ratio between base and curing agent of 10:1 (w/w) was dissolved in hexane at 12 vol%. ", "The solution was dropped on the silicon substrate and spin-coated at 4000 rpm for 60 s, and then cured at 80°C for 2 h. The static contact angle was obtained on a contact angle meter (DMe-201, Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. Japan) at room temperature (25°C) and a normal relative humidity (35% RH). ", "The testing liquids included water, mineral oil (SMR-100, ULVAC Inc., Japan), and immersion oil Type NF (RI: 1.515 at 23°C, Nikon Instruments Inc., Japan). ", "To demonstrate the chemical resistance ability of a nanosheet, the contact angle was measured after being in contact with immersion oil for 1 h as well. ", "It should be noted that the immersion oil Type NF is composed of 55--65% diphenyl ether, 25--35% polybutene, and 5--15% mineral oil, as given by the datasheet from Nikon Instruments Inc.\n\nWater retention effect of nanosheet wrapping {#sec006}\n--------------------------------------------\n\nBlue dextran (*M*~w~: 2000 kDa, Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC, MO) containing sodium alginate (Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) aqueous solution at 20 mg mL^--1^ was poured into calcium chloride solution at 2 wt% with a ratio of 1:2 (v/v). ", "An alginate hydrogel was formed after stirring overnight. ", "Hydrogels to be wrapped were punched into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10 mm and thickness of \\~5 mm. ", "The original weight and weight of wrapped samples at 1 h time intervals over 24 h were measured as *W*~0~ and *W*~t~, respectively. ", "Then, the sample was completely dried in an 80°C oven and weight as *W*~d~. The water retention ratio was thus obtained by (*W*~t~−*W*~d~)/(*W*~0~−*W*~d~)×100%. ", "The test was conducted in a constant temperature and humidity room at 24°C and 40% RH.", "\n\nImaging on model tissues {#sec007}\n------------------------\n\nFluorescent beads with a diameter of 2 μm (Fluoresbrite YG, Polysciences, Inc., PA) were used to measure the accessible focal position under different imaging conditions. ", "A 0.5 wt% agarose gel (Agarose-I, Dojindo Laboratories Co., Ltd. Japan) embedded with 1×10^7^ particles mL^--1^ beads (diameter: 5 mm, thickness: \\~2 mm) was wrapped with a nanosheet, and placed on a perforated bottom dish (35 mm diameter) with the nanosheet side downwards. ", "A 1 μm thickness polystyrene film loaded with Nile red was attached in between the gel and the nanosheet as a height reference (*z* = 0). ", "Image stacking was acquired with a 1 μm *z*-step from the surface of nanosheet to a depth of 400 μm over an area of 212×212 μm^2^. As a control group, a coverslip supported sample was observed as well.", "\n\nSpatial resolution with nanosheet wrapping {#sec008}\n------------------------------------------\n\nIn order to evaluate the spatial resolution, the point spread function (PSF) was measured. ", "Green fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of 200 nm (Fluoresbrite YG) were embedded in agarose gel with 1×10^9^ particles mL^--1^. Images of fluorescent nanoparticles within the volume of a 42×42×5 μm^3^ cube located at the center of imaging field were obtained at every 50 μm. ", "Ten particles at each depth were arbitrarily chosen, and the full width at half maximum intensity (FWHM) values were measured by fitting their fluorescence intensity profiles along the *x*-axis and *z*-axis around the central intensity using a Gaussian function. ", "This analysis was repeated three times and the averaged value was adopted. ", "In most cases, gels were treated to be transparent by LUCID (RI: 1.496, Nikon Instruments Inc.) for 6 h or further modified with RapiClear (RI: 1.515, Sunjin Lab, Taiwan) overnight at 37°C. ", "The RI of gels was measured with a pocket refractometer (PAL-RI, ATAGO Co., Ltd. Japan).", "\n\nTissue imaging on brain slices {#sec009}\n------------------------------\n\nThy1-EYFP-H transgenic mice (8--12 weeks old, female, *n* = 4) were used in this study. ", "The expression of EYFP in the H-line mouse enabled us to observe green fluorescent neurons in brain slices. ", "This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Animal Research Committee of Hokkaido University and all protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of National University Corporation Hokkaido University (Permit Number: 17--0077). ", "All experiments were performed under general anesthesia, and all efforts were made to minimize suffering. ", "Mice were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, and transcardially perfused with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) followed by 4% formaldehyde in PBS. ", "The fixed brains were removed and sliced using a Brain Matrices (Muromachi Kikai Co., Ltd. Japan) into 1 mm sections. ", "These slices were cleared with LUCID or further modified with RapiClear, and wrapped with a CYTOP nanosheet, using the same method as described above. ", "Polystyrene films loaded with Nile red were used as a height reference. ", "Image stacking was acquired with a 1 μm *z*-step from the surface of nanosheet to a depth of 400 μm over an area of 212×212 μm^2^. Five slices from different mice for each optics condition were examined to ensure the result reproducibility.", "\n\nMicroscopy and image acquisition {#sec010}\n--------------------------------\n\nAll the observations were taken on an inverted confocal microscopy with a LU-N4 laser unit (A1R+, Nikon Instruments Inc.), and the pinhole was fixed to be 0.8 AU (physical diameter: 24.3 μm, the pinhole calculated from the longest wavelength of emission here). ", "A 60× oil-immersion objective (CFI Apo TIRF 60×H, NA: 1.49, WD: 0.12 mm, with correction collar at 0.17 mm with 23°C) and a 60× water-immersion objective (CFI Plan Apo VC60×WI, NA: 1.20, WD: 0.27 mm, without correction collar) were used. ", "Laser lines at 488 and 561 nm were used for Fluoresbrite YG as well as EYFP and Nile red, respectively. ", "Correspondingly, fluorescence signals in the wavelength range of 500--550, and 570--620 nm were detected via a photomultiplier tube. ", "Immersion oil Type NF was used. ", "In some cases, the immersion oil was replaced by TDE aqueous solution with a RI of 1.496. ", "TDE (Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC) was dissolved in water at various volume concentrations, and the standard RI curve was measured using an Abbe refractometer with a filter of 589 nm at 23°C (DR-M2, ATAGO Co., Ltd.). ", "For facilitating the comparison of different optics with nanosheet wrapping, all the images were acquired with the same laser power, detector gain value, and scanning speed through NIS-Elements C software (ver. ", "4.51, Nikon Instruments Inc.). ", "For 3D deconvolution, the acquisition data was computationally processed by Huygens Essential software (ver. ", "18.04, SVI BV, Netherlands) using a routine maximum likelihood estimation method. ", "A measured PSF in the same optics condition acquired from 200 nm NPs as mentioned above was used for the input of deconvolution calculation.", "\n\nResults and discussion {#sec011}\n======================\n\nPerfluoro(1-butenyl vinyl ether) (CYTOP), an amorphous fluoropolymer with good coatability, is chosen as the material for constituting nanosheets. ", "Similar to Teflon, CYTOP offers superior hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, which is resistant to almost all chemicals. ", "Using a spin-coating method, the thickness of CYTOP nanosheet is adjustable and is set to be 130 nm in this study ([S1 Fig](#pone.0227650.s002){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "A water-soluble polymer layer is coated before CYTOP casting, and nanosheet can then float on the surface of water with dissolution of the underlying layer \\[[@pone.0227650.ref009]--[@pone.0227650.ref014]\\]. ", "Nanosheet wrapping on a tissue specimen is accomplished with the help of a wire loop, while the marginal part of the nanosheet can automatically adhere to any surface ([Fig 2](#pone.0227650.g002){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "The protocol for nanosheet fabrication and wrapping is also provided in Supporting Information ([S1 Text](#pone.0227650.s001){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "A nanosheet wrapped mouse brain slice illustrates the high transparency of a nanosheet ([S2A Fig](#pone.0227650.s003){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "We demonstrate that a 130 nm CYTOP nanosheet has almost 100% transmittance over the wavelength range from 300 to 800 nm, which determines its optical reliability for biological imaging ([S2B Fig](#pone.0227650.s003){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}).", "\n\n{#pone.0227650.g002}\n\nOne may wonder whether a CYTOP nanosheet can support the weight of a tissue specimen when it is mounted with the nanosheet side downwards. ", "CYTOP is a mechanically stretchable, and durable (Young's modulus: 1.3 GPa) fluoropolymer \\[[@pone.0227650.ref015]\\]. ", "In fact, the CYTOP nanosheet shows a high degree of robustness in normal handling. ", "With a non-contact measurement, we find the maximum force that a 130 nm CYTOP nanosheet can sustain without failure is about 116 mN ([Fig 3A and 3B](#pone.0227650.g003){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "No plastic deformation is observed if the applied force is less than 40 mN, which means that wrapping a tissue specimen with a weight of 4 g or less is highly assured to cause no difficulties. ", "The relative brain weight for an adult mouse (more than 8 weeks old) is about 10% of its body mass, and the whole brain weight is no more than 2 g \\[[@pone.0227650.ref016]\\]. ", "Thus, we know that a nanosheet is sufficiently strong to replace a coverslip in a common tissue imaging.", "\n\n{#pone.0227650.g003}\n\nMoreover, CYTOP is highly resistant and inert to almost all chemicals. ", "The composition of a commercial synthetic immersion liquid oil is complex and different among various microscope manufactures, which generally contains mineral oil, polychlorinated biphenyl, phenyl benzene, or diphenyl ether \\[[@pone.0227650.ref017]\\]. ", "Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is chosen as a comparison polymer as its well-known chemical resistance ability, and the contact angle measurement is conducted on silicon substrate supported CYTOP and PDMS nanosheets (both thickness of 130 nm). ", "After in contact with immersion oil for 1 h, the contact angle with immersion oil of PDMS nanosheet significantly decreases from 48.4° to 38.0°, indicating the immersion oil infiltrates into the PDMS nanosheet with time. ", "This result agrees with the previous study that a PDMS device swells with the immersion oil and turns into non-uniform shape \\[[@pone.0227650.ref018]\\]. ", "For CYTOP nanosheet, however, the contact angle keeps constant at 59.6°±0.2°, and no contact angle change is observed, which exhibits an excellent chemical resistance when CYTOP nanosheet is exposed to contact with immersion oil for a long time ([Fig 3C and 3D](#pone.0227650.g003){ref-type=\"fig\"}).", "\n\nWe use a high magnification oil-immersion objective lens (60×) with WD of 120 μm and NA of 1.49, if not otherwise stated. ", "An agarose gel embedded with green fluorescent beads with a diameter of 2 μm is used as a model tissue. ", "With a coverslip, the focal plane in agarose gel is limited to 115 μm, very close to the WD of the objective lens. ", "The elongated beads at deeper regions are artifacts arising from the collision between objective and coverslip ([Fig 4A](#pone.0227650.g004){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "In the case of nanosheet wrapping, however, the accessible depth of identifiable beads is much increased, which verifies the principle of our method well. ", "In this case, the refractive indexes of agarose gel and immersion oil are 1.333 and 1.515, respectively, and thus such a RI mismatch causes a severe spherical aberration and the brightness of beads deteriorates rapidly ([Fig 4B](#pone.0227650.g004){ref-type=\"fig\"}).", "\n\n{#pone.0227650.g004}\n\nAfter treated using a clearing agent, ilLUmination of Cleared organs to IDentify target molecules method (LUCID) \\[[@pone.0227650.ref019], [@pone.0227650.ref020]\\], the RI of agarose gel is adjusted to 1.496, and the depth of beads that can be well identified extends to almost 300 μm, an increase of a factor of 2.5 as compared to the coverslip case ([Fig 5A](#pone.0227650.g005){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "In an ideal optical path, the extra WD of 170 μm would completely convert to focusing depth. ", "Here, green fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) are used to evaluate the point spatial resolution function (PSF) of nanosheet wrapping mount \\[[@pone.0227650.ref021]\\]. ", "From the cross-sectional images of NPs at different depths, we find that an aberration is induced by RI mismatch even though the gel has been treated by LUCID. ", "The full width at half maximum intensity (FWHM) along the intensity profile is measured. ", "While the FWHM~*lateral*~ seems constant at about 250 nm over the whole *z* range, the signal intensity is lost with focusing depth. ", "The FWHM~*axial*~ degrades from about 890 nm at the surface of the nanosheet (*z* = 0), to 1060 nm at *z* = 100 μm, and 1620 nm at *z* = 200 μm ([Fig 5B](#pone.0227650.g005){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "Our results support the fact that the RI mismatch effect becomes pronounced with increasing the focusing depth \\[[@pone.0227650.ref022]\\]. ", "The nanosheet wrapping mount appears to be a possible method to look deeper into a tissue, but some new challenges arise from the requirement to correct optical aberrations.", "\n\n{#pone.0227650.g005}\n\nThe mismatched RI can be optimized by adjusting the mounting media of the specimen. ", "We adjust the RI of the gel from 1.496 to 1.515 by further modification with another clearing agent RapiClear, to make the specimen have the same RI as the immersion oil \\[[@pone.0227650.ref023]\\]. ", "In this case, the signal intensity is much improved, and the lateral and axial FWHMs stay constant over the whole *z* range at 220 nm and 770 nm, respectively ([Fig 5C and 5D](#pone.0227650.g005){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "The RapiClear treated gel is observed with the conventional coverslip setup as well. ", "Spatial resolution analysis verifies that with an ideal optical condition without RI mismatch, coverslip setup gives almost the same lateral and axial FWHMs ([S3 Fig](#pone.0227650.s004){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "And thus, we conclude that by adjusting the refractive index appropriately, nanosheet wrapping mount can provide an equivalently high resolution as that of coverslip setup, even approaching the equipment limit of the resolution of a confocal fluorescence microscopy with a specific high magnification objective lens.", "\n\nThe performance of nanosheet wrapping mount is further demonstrated with a tissue specimen. ", "A LUCID cleared brain slice from thy1-EYFP-H transgenic mice expressing the enhanced yellow fluorescent protein is used \\[[@pone.0227650.ref024]\\], and the neuron cells at the internal pyramidal layer of the cerebral cortex are observed ([S4 Fig](#pone.0227650.s005){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "Because of the RI mismatch, the brightness and resolution of the image deteriorates as the focus gets deeper ([Fig 6A and 6C](#pone.0227650.g006){ref-type=\"fig\"}). ", "After the RI of the specimen is adjusted to 1.515 by RapiClear, fine structures, including individual axon fibers and dendrites, are sharply visualized at multiple depths along the whole 300 μm *z* range ([Fig 6B and 6D](#pone.0227650.g006){ref-type=\"fig\"}).", "\n\n{#pone.0227650.g006}\n\nIt worth noting that in a practical imaging task, to adjust the RI of different tissues to 1.515 is always cumbersome and can even be impossible. ", "Alternatively, the RI of the immersion liquid can be adjusted to that of the specimen to produce a space-invariant PSF. ", "Here, we choose 2,2'-thiodiethanol (TDE) as an immersion liquid for the objective lens, which can provide a wide RI range from 1.333 to 1.515 by mixing with water \\[[@pone.0227650.ref025], [@pone.0227650.ref026]\\]. ", "The RI of 87 vol% TDE is 1.496, the same as that of LUCID treated gel and brain slice ([S5 Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "While the signal intensity decreases to some extent, the FWHM~*lateral*~ and FWHM~*axial*~ over the whole *z* range are about 260 nm and 1460 nm, respectively ([S6A Fig](#pone.0227650.s007){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "The difference in RI from that of the designed objective immersion oil produces aberration, which has been reported previously \\[[@pone.0227650.ref027]\\]. ", "After a 3D deconvolution processing with the measured PSF using a commercial or an open-source software \\[[@pone.0227650.ref028], [@pone.0227650.ref029]\\], the imaging quality is much improved ([S6B and S6C Fig](#pone.0227650.s007){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "One can see the shape of dendrites and even the dendritic spines at both superficial and deep regions are easily recognized, achieving a high resolution comparable to that of [Fig 6B and 6D](#pone.0227650.g006){ref-type=\"fig\"}.", "\n\nAnother remark comes from the correction collar of objective lens. ", "Correction collar is most equipped on high magnification objectives (always for dry and water-immersion objectives) to correct the spherical aberration induced by variation of coverslip thickness and RI mismatch. ", "It is known that even variation of a few micrometers in coverslip thickness can impact in the image quality, especially for high NA objectives \\[[@pone.0227650.ref030]\\]. ", "In fact, as the typical coverslip has a RI of 1.515 similar to that of immersion oil, the correction collar on oil-immersion objectives is likely more relevant to address the problem of RI mismatch from specimen aspect. ", "Our results in [S3 Fig](#pone.0227650.s004){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"} also show that if a homogenous RI is adjusted, the spatial resolution keeps constant even lack of a coverslip in the optical path. ", "For objectives with other immersion liquids, correction collar plays a more important role in correcting the coverslip thickness variation, typically between 0.13 and 0.22 mm. ", "We compare the spatial resolution between conventional coverslip setup and nanosheet wrapping mount by imaging a specimen with RI of 1.333 using a 60× water-immersion objective lens, which shows that the imaging quality of nanosheet wrapping much deteriorates compared to that of coverslip setup ([S7 Fig](#pone.0227650.s008){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "It is reasonable to expect such a result as the water-immersion objective lens is designed based on the assumption that a 170 μm thick coverslip is in the optical path. ", "Taken together, the present nanosheet wrapping method is extremely feasible for oil-immersion objectives without too much concern about correction collar. ", "For other immersions, one has to choose no coverslip (NCG) objectives, water dipping objectives, or setting the correction collar to 0 to account for the lack of a coverslip, if possible.", "\n\nThe space-variant aberration can be restored by some deblurring algorithms \\[[@pone.0227650.ref031]\\], corrected by adaptive optics techniques \\[[@pone.0227650.ref032], [@pone.0227650.ref033]\\], or reduced by use of objectives with a motorized correction collar. ", "However, as we indicated above, to adjust RIs homogeneously is a straightforward and effective method to obtain deep tissue imaging with nanosheet wrapping a cleared tissue specimen. ", "In addition, in a routine imaging task, the mounting media gradually evaporates from the surface of tissue, leading to a subtle gradient in its RI and impairing the imaging quality \\[[@pone.0227650.ref034]\\]. ", "With nanosheet wrapping, owing to the hydrophobicity of CYTOP, we find about 60% of water inside the tissue can be protected from evaporation even after 24 h, which suggests that the nanosheet wrapped tissue can be kept fresh for a longer time and so avoid RI inhomogeneity ([S8 Fig](#pone.0227650.s009){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}).", "\n\nConclusions {#sec012}\n===========\n\nIn summary, a coverslip-free imaging method is developed by use of polymer nanosheet wrapping to increase the maximum focusing depth into a cleared tissue specimen. ", "The observable depth breaks the usual limited working distance of an objective lens, and high resolution imaging can be achieved if a homogenous RI between immersion liquid and mounting media is effected by suitable adjustment. ", "As we all know, various super-resolution microscopy techniques have been developed over the past decade, such as stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED), saturated structured illumination microscopy (SSIM), spectral precision distance microscopy (SPDM), photo activated localization microscopy (PALM), stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), etc. ", "\\[[@pone.0227650.ref035]--[@pone.0227650.ref039]\\] In a seminal review, Alivisatos et al. ", "discussed a number of recently developed nanotools for use in neuroscience and brain activity mapping, and pointed out that nanoscience and nanotechnology are poised to provide a rich toolkit of novel methods in biological research work \\[[@pone.0227650.ref040]\\]. ", "Compared to the rapid development of microscopy, we find the specimen mounting technique leaves much space to be improved, which can be addressed using a film-shaped nanomaterial, i.e., nanosheet. ", "While the method proposed in this study was tested with a confocal fluorescence microscopy only, we anticipate that a combination with the existing super-resolution microscopy techniques will further broaden its applicability.", "\n\nSupporting information {#sec013}\n======================\n\n###### Protocol for nanosheet wrapping-assisted coverslip-free tissue imaging.", "\n\n(PDF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Thickness of prepared CYTOP nanosheets.", "\n\nCorrelation between the thickness of CYTOP nanosheet and the concentration of coating solution (*n* = 9). ", "Arrow shows the 30 mg mL^--1^ solution used in this study gives a thickness of 130 nm. ", "As the error bars are obscured by the data point for some low concentrations, the original film thickness date shown in mean ± SD are given in a table as well.", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Transparence of CYTOP nanosheets.", "\n\n\\(A\\) Photo of a thy1-EYFP-H transgenic mouse brain slice (1mm thickness, treated with LUCID) wrapped with a nanosheet. (", "B) Transmittance over the wavelength range from 300 to 800 nm of a CYTOP nanosheet with a thickness of 130 nm.", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Spatial resolutions at different depths of conventional coverslip setup.", "\n\n200 nm NPs are embedded in agarose gel treated with RapiClear and images are obtained at every 50 μm. ", "Scale bar, 500 nm; and depth is labelled below. ", "The corresponding schematics of optics conditions are shown above. ", "Representative NPs at each depth are arbitrarily chosen (*n* = 3 independent tests; and 10 NPs are analyzed for each test), and FWHMs along the intensity profile in *x*-axis and *z*-axis are measured as shown in histograms (mean ± SEM).", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Clearing of thy1-EYFP-H transgenic mouse brain slices.", "\n\n\\(A\\) Photos of brain slices (1 mm thick) before clearing, after treated with LUCID, and after further modified with RapiClear (from top to down). (", "B) Fluorescence image of a whole brain slice with tiled scanning to indicate the location where the neuron cells are observed for deep tissue imaging test in this study, as highlighted in the box. ", "Inset is a magnified view of this location.", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Correlation between RI and TDE concentration.", "\n\nArrows show the concentration of 87 vol% TDE gives a RI of 1.496.The measurement is conducted under 589 nm at 23°C.", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Coverslip-free imaging on a LUCID treated brain slice with 87% TDE as immersion liquid.", "\n\n\\(A\\) With nanosheet wrapping mount, an agarose gel embedded with 2 μm green fluorescent beads is observed from the upper surface of coverslip to a depth of 400 μm, and a 1 μm thick polystyrene film loaded with Nile red is applied as a height reference at *z* = 0. ", "The corresponding schematic of optics condition is shown above, and yellow dashed line indicates the maximum depth of focal plane. ", "Imaging area in *xy* plane is 212×212 μm^2^; and depth is labelled at the side. ", "Spatial resolutions at different depths of nanosheet wrapping mount are shown at right, where 200 nm NPs are embedded in agarose gel and images are obtained at every 50 μm. ", "Scale bar, 500 nm; and depth is labelled below. ", "Representative NPs at each depth are arbitrarily chosen (*n* = 3 independent tests; and 10 NPs are analyzed for each test), and FWHMs along the intensity profile in *x*-axis and *z*-axis are measured as shown in histograms (mean ± SEM). (", "B) A thy1-EYFP-H mouse brain slice (1 mm thick) is observed from the surface of nanosheet to a depth of 400 μm, and a 1 μm thick polystyrene film loaded with Nile red is applied as a height reference (*n* = 5 independent tests; and typical images are shown). (", "C) The raw data of [S5B Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"} has been processed with 3D deconvolution using the measured PSF ([S5A Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}). ", "It worth noting that due to the brightness information has been normalized during a deconvolution process; it is not meaningful to compare the signal intensity of [S5C Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"} with [S5B Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"}. ", "And thus, we adjust the brightness of [S5C Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"} arbitrarily for a better representation of the improved signal-to-noise ratio after deconvolution. ", "The corresponding schematic of optics conditions for [S5B Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"} and [S5C Fig](#pone.0227650.s006){ref-type=\"supplementary-material\"} are shown above. ", "Imaging area in *xy* plane is 212×212 μm^2^; and depth is labelled at the side. ", "Images of individual axon fibers at representative depths are extracted and shown at right. ", "Scale bar, 15 μm; and depth is labelled at upper right. ", "Magnified views of dendrites are trimmed from projection images (maximum intensity projection) at both superficial (depth: 20±10 μm) and deep (depth: 220±10 μm) regions within volume of a 30×10×3 μm^3^ cube, as shown below. ", "The normalized fluorescence intensity along the yellow lines with a distance of 5 μm is measured to demonstrate the edge of dendrites, and yellow arrows indicate some representative dendritic spines with fine structures.", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Coverslip-free imaging on a model tissue with a water-immersion objective lens.", "\n\n(A, C) With coverslip setup and nanosheet wrapping mount, imaging test with an agarose gel embedded with 2 μm green fluorescent beads is conducted. ", "Images are taken from the upper surface of coverslip or nanosheet to a depth of 500 μm, and a 1 μm thick polystyrene film loaded with Nile red is applied as a height reference at *z* = 0. ", "The corresponding schematics of optics conditions are shown above, and yellow dashed lines indicate the maximum depth of focal plane in each condition. ", "Imaging area in *xy* plane is 212×212 μm^2^, and depth is labelled at the side. (", "B, D) Spatial resolutions at different depths of coverslip setup and nanosheet wrapping mount. ", "200 nm NPs are embedded in agarose gel and images are obtained at every 50 μm. ", "Scale bar, 500 nm; and depth is labelled below. ", "Representative NPs at each depth are arbitrarily chosen (*n* = 3 independent tests; and 10 NPs are analyzed for each test), and FWHMs along the intensity profile in *x*-axis and *z*-axis are measured as shown in histograms (mean ± SEM).", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\n###### Water retention ability of nanosheet wrapping.", "\n\n\\(A\\) Correlation between the water retention ratio and the time of test for a CYTOP nanosheet (thickness of 130 nm) wrapped alginate hydrogel (*n* = 3; control group: without nanosheet wrapping). (", "B) Photos of pristine alginate hydrogel loaded with Blue dextran (diameter: 10 mm; thickness: \\~5 mm), nanosheet wrapped hydrogel, and hydrogels after 6, 12, and 24 h test with or without nanosheet wrapping.", "\n\n(TIF)\n\n###### \n\nClick here for additional data file.", "\n\nThe authors thank Technical Service Coordination Office at Tokai University, Tokai University Imaging Center for Advanced Research (TICAR), and Nikon Imaging Center (NIC) at Hokkaido University for technical support.", "\n\n[^1]: **Competing Interests:**The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }

[ 0.012345679012345678, 0, 0.009302325581395349, 0.005208333333333333, 0, 0, 0, 0.0036101083032490976, 0, 0.007874015748031496, 0, 0, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0.0021413276231263384, 0.009852216748768473, 0, 0, 0.004329004329004329, 0.002793296089385475, 0.011194029850746268, 0.014492753623188406, 0, 0, 0.01092896174863388, 0.00641025641025641, 0.004524886877828055, 0.006024096385542169, 0.010471204188481676, 0, 0.011834319526627219, 0.006097560975609756, 0.008771929824561403, 0, 0, 0.011904761904761904, 0.006622516556291391, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.007782101167315175, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008547008547008548, 0.007272727272727273, 0, 0, 0, 0.0034482758620689655, 0, 0, 0.021052631578947368, 0.011363636363636364, 0, 0.009259259259259259, 0.008620689655172414, 0, 0.013245033112582781, 0.00847457627118644, 0.019867549668874173, 0, 0, 0.0058823529411764705, 0.025210084033613446, 0.019230769230769232, 0, 0, 0.011111111111111112, 0.01904761904761905, 0.004739336492890996, 0.03225806451612903, 0.01834862385321101, 0.012195121951219513, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009615384615384616, 0, 0.012269938650306749, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0043859649122807015, 0, 0.01694915254237288, 0.012048192771084338, 0.0053475935828877, 0.0051813471502590676, 0.005714285714285714, 0, 0, 0.00392156862745098, 0.008130081300813009, 0.007272727272727273, 0.006012024048096192, 0.007905138339920948, 0.004149377593360996, 0.00904977375565611, 0.006535947712418301, 0.006688963210702341, 0.016129032258064516, 0, 0, 0.006289308176100629, 0, 0.007518796992481203, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.007692307692307693, 0, 0.006060606060606061, 0.00625, 0, 0, 0.005208333333333333, 0.007194244604316547, 0, 0, 0.009174311926605505, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0.004672897196261682, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0, 0, 0.006578947368421052, 0, 0.007751937984496124, 0, 0, 0.012422360248447204, 0, 0, 0.010869565217391304, 0, 0.008620689655172414, 0, 0.008333333333333333, 0.013953488372093023, 0.013071895424836602, 0, 0.0064516129032258064, 0.007434944237918215, 0, 0, 0.004694835680751174, 0.011695906432748537, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0053475935828877, 0.011320754716981131, 0, 0.004784688995215311, 0, 0, 0, 0.008130081300813009, 0.03333333333333333, 0.0037735849056603774, 0, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0.008130081300813009, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0.009615384615384616, 0, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0.013333333333333334, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0.018518518518518517, 0.008547008547008548, 0.018518518518518517, 0.020833333333333332, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004629629629629629, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.010869565217391304, 0, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0.005, 0.00966183574879227, 0.018518518518518517, 0.027522935779816515, 0, 0 ]

[ "“Hi, let me introduce myself. ", "I’m Blue River of Blue Brook Guild, my main account is Blue Bridge Spring Snow.” ", "Right after accepting the friend request, the other party messaged him. ", "He didn’t say any “you there?” ", "nonsense and directly introduced himself. ", "He could tell that this was a very self-confident person.", "\n\n“Hi.” ", "Ye Xiu simply replied. ", "After all, he had been a part of the Glory community for ten years. ", "He recognized the name of one of the three great guilds, Blue Brook Guild. ", "As for Blue Bridge Spring Snow, Ye Xiu didn’t really know about this player. ", "If it was Huang Shaotian and his Sword Saint Troubling Rain, then Ye Xiu knew a bit more.", "\n\nBlue River clearly didn’t know that he was dealing with an expert more skilled than he was. ", "After all, his Blue Bridge Spring Snow’s name could have already intimidated many in the gaming community. ", "Blue River confidently believed that the other side knew who he was. ", "As a result, he advanced a step and said: “What are you doing brother?”", "\n\n“Clearing.” ", "Ye Xiu didn’t stick around to chat. ", "At the same time, Lord Grim and Chasing Haze already entered the Green Forest.", "\n\n“Oh? ", "Which dungeon?” ", "Blue River asked.", "\n\n“Green Forest.”", "\n\nBlue River was dazed for five seconds. ", "Afterwards, he guessed what he felt was the only possibility: “Carrying a friend?”", "\n\n“Kind of……” Ye Xiu said.", "\n\n“Oh, we’re missing a member for Frost Forest. ", "Are you interested in joining brother?” ", "Blue River informed.", "\n\n“Oh? ", "Why me?” ", "Ye Xiu asked.", "\n\nWhy you? ", "This question made Blue River made him sigh with sorrow. ", "This question had come up from a while back, from a full one day ago.", "\n\nAt first, Lord Grim’s party stole two Spider Cave first clears making Blue Brook Guild lose a lot of face. ", "Everyone felt quite angry. ", "But after asking about Lord Grim and his team’s situation, Blue Brook Guild discovered a few abnormal matters.", "\n\nA member in this guy’s team, who first cleared with him, had unexpectedly slandered him previously.", "\n\nThat raging Sleeping Moon said that he had been cheated of the hidden BOSS. ", "Looking at the time of the event, this was when Lord Grim solo killed the Midnight Phantom Cat. ", "The slandering messages said that Lord Grim intentionally caused the death of the rest of the party in order to take the BOSS for himself. ", "Then, how did this shameless and despicable guy form a party with Sleeping Moon?", "\n\nHe didn’t know what exactly happened during this process, but this at least said that the party, which first cleared the Spider Cave twice, weren’t friends to begin with. ", "They were strangers and were also a random party with internal conflicts.", "\n\nTo have such a team steal away two first clears, his strength couldn’t be so simple. ", "And it was also clear that Lord Grim was this team’s focal point. ", "This shameless novice, who had caused the death the party just for the hidden BOSS, had unexpectedly been able to be re-admitted again. ", "Who was this person?", "\n\nBesides this, there was also one detail that the Blue Brook Guild told them to pay attention to. ", "This unknown team that took two Spider Cave first clears had different player orders both times. ", "The first on the list had to be the party’s leader. ", "The first time, this party’s team leader was still Sleeping Moon. ", "But the second time, the party’s leader switched to Lord Grim.", "\n\nParty leader, this status, was extremely serious. ", "He could kick players and assign the player order. ", "And for the party to willingly give this position to a shameless BOSS stealing person, what did this mean?", "\n\nAll of these indicated their dependence on this player. ", "Without this player, there was no way they could have gotten a first kill.", "\n\nThis person was a true talent and had a high possibility of being a talent without a guild.", "\n\nA talent from a guild wouldn’t be by themselves in a new server; A talent from a guild also wouldn’t be on 24 hours.", "\n\nBlue Brook Guild’s players analyzed this through asking about and observing for an entire day. ", "Finally, they came to this conclusion. ", "Because of the saying that it was easy to raise an army of one thousand, but hard to find a good general, this type of person should be actively won over. ", "Only then did Blue River send 18 consecutive friend requests. ", "When he sent the first one, the request was neither accepted nor declined, so it must have been ignored. ", "Blue River decided to keep sending more of them to show his sincerity. ", "In fact, his method succeeded. ", "His 18 consecutive friend requests made the originally ready to ignore Ye Xiu finally accept his friend request.", "\n\nBut now, the other side asked him why he searched for him. ", "Blue River, of course, wouldn’t give some long and complicated explanation. ", "He only said that they had noticed his three first clears in the new tenth server. ", "As a result, they saw him as an expert and hoped they could be friends.", "\n\n“To be honest, right now we’re preparing to break the Frost Forest clear record, but we’re missing a brother like you, who is a peak level expert. ", "If we break the record, we can give up the purple equipment for you, how about it? ", "Our guild only wants the record.” ", "Blue River didn’t hurry to rope in this player into their guild. ", "Glory had existed for this long. ", "Everyone knew of famous guilds, but this Lord Grim actually didn’t care about them. ", "Blue River reckoned that this person was an expert from some guild playing casually in the new server. ", "If not, then he wasn’t interested in guilds and an expert from the wilds.", "\n\nIf he was the first type, then they couldn’t do anything. ", "He certainly wouldn’t be roped in. ", "At least, if he was the second type and didn’t care about guilds, they still had a chance.", "\n\nAs a result, Blue River decided to invite this person to dungeon with them. ", "First, they would become friends. ", "And with everyone being an expert, they would play together happily and then they could easily come to an understanding with him. ", "They first had to see this player’s strength though and see whether he was worth being roped in. ", "As for their promise to give him the purple equipment, that was just their show of good faith and bargaining chip. ", "Frost Forest would only reward a Level 25 Purple Equipment at best and that would soon be outclassed. ", "They didn’t need to haggle over a low-leveled equipment. ", "Frankly, if the other person was truly a great expert, then he also wouldn’t care. ", "But at the moment, it was the biggest bargaining chip they could really give at this stage of the game.", "\n\n“Ha ha, you’re very understanding, brother.” ", "Blue River could see that the other side wasn’t naive. ", "He didn’t care about low-leveled equipment. ", "Currently, the most valuable items were these uncommon materials. ", "These materials could be used in the late stages of the game and would never grow outdated.", "\n\n“72 Strong Spider Silk.” ", "Ye Xiu offered.", "\n\n“No problem.” ", "Blue River responded frankly. ", "Although Strong Spider Silk were uncommon materials, beginner dungeons could be cleared with no limit. ", "In addition, even normal BOSSes had a chance of dropping them and could regarded as very cheap among uncommon materials.", "\n\n“And also a White Witch’s Mithril Pendant.” ", "Ye Xiu said.", "\n\n“Okay, I can give them to you now.” ", "Blue River replied while smiling. ", "The Mithril Pendant was similar to the Saber Ye Xiu hit off of the Skeleton Warrior. ", "They were ornamental without any value. ", "Only a girl who liked it would wear it as jewelry.", "\n\n“And also White Wolf’s Sharp Fangs, I need 8.” ", "Ye Xiu said.", "\n\n“This……Brother, you need Strong Spider Silk, the Mithril Pendant, and now Sharp Fangs? ", "Isn’t this a bit too much?” ", "Blue River was a little unhappy.", "\n\nNineAnime is the best site to reading The King’s Avatar The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent free online. ", "You can also go Novels Genres to read other novel or check Latest Releases for new releases.", "\n\nTags: read The King’s Avatar The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent, read The King’s Avatar novels online free. ", "read The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent online, The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent free online, The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent English, The King’s Avatar The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent English novels, The King’s Avatar The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent famous novels, The King’s Avatar The King’s Avatar Chapter 31 - This Is A Talent novels list" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0.024691358024691357, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.043478260869565216, 0, 0.013333333333333334, 0.025974025974025976, 0.02247191011235955, 0, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0, 0, 0.027777777777777776, 0.038461538461538464, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.038461538461538464, 0.020833333333333332, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.07692307692307693, 0, 0, 0, 0.01834862385321101, 0, 0.01818181818181818, 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0.020833333333333332, 0.007194244604316547, 0.0125, 0, 0, 0, 0.015151515151515152, 0.007352941176470588, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008928571428571428, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006711409395973154, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.011904761904761904, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.00980392156862745, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.06666666666666667, 0, 0, 0.009708737864077669, 0, 0, 0.08333333333333333, 0, 0, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0, 0.04081632653061224, 0.08333333333333333, 0.033707865168539325, 0, 0, 0.01680672268907563, 0.010869565217391304, 0.008130081300813009, 0.014319809069212411 ]

[ "fileFormatVersion: 2\nguid: 6ab70aee4d56447429c680537fbf93ed\nfolderAsset: yes\nDefaultImporter:\n externalObjects: {}\n userData: \n assetBundleName: \n assetBundleVariant: \n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nRails reset ALL Postgres sequences?", "\n\nThe following works in the Rails 3 console to reset Postgres sequences:\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!('menucontrols')\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!('statuscodes')\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!('wostatuses')\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!('taskstatuses')\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!('priorities')\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!('actcodes')\n\nIs there a command that would reset ALL of them instead of having to do each one individually?", "\nThanks for the help!", "\n\nA:\n\nThis is easier\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.tables.each do |t|\n ActiveRecord::Base.connection.reset_pk_sequence!(t)\nend\n\nA:\n\nI found one way to do it from this posting:\nReset PostgreSQL\nI placed the following into seed.rb and ran rake db:seed\nActiveRecord::Base.connection.tables.each do |table|\n result = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(\"SELECT id FROM #{table} ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1\") rescue ( puts \"Warning: not procesing table #{table}. ", "Id is missing?\" ; ", "next )\n ai_val = result.any? ? ", "result.first['id'].to_i + 1 : 1\n puts \"Resetting auto increment ID for #{table} to #{ai_val}\"\n ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(\"ALTER SEQUENCE #{table}_id_seq RESTART WITH #{ai_val}\")\nend\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Why and how membrane bioreactors with unsteady filtration conditions can improve the efficiency of biological processes.", "\nA membrane bioreactor (MBR), an association of a bioreactor with a crossflow filtration unit, enables continuous processes with total cell retention within the reactor to be realized. ", "Provided that high dilution rates can be applied and that inhibition processes are avoided, very high biomass concentrations can be reached, thereby improving the volumetric productivities. ", "These membrane bioreactors have been successfully applied to various microbial bioconversion, such as alcoholic fermentation, solvents, organic acid production, starters, and wastewater treatment. ", "On the basis of the biological reaction characteristics and bibliographic results, the potentialities and bottlenecks of this methodology are discussed. ", "Depending on the application, it is shown how the performance of the membrane bioreactor can be enhanced by acting either on the biological reaction achievement, by controlling the balance between cell growth and death, or on the dilution rate, by increasing the permeate flux through the filtration unit. ", "This discussion is based on results obtained in specific biological treatments applied to polluted liquid and gas." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0.005405405405405406, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Drew Brees finished the 2014 season almost breaking the 5,000 yard mark for what would have been his fourth consecutive season. ", "48 yards shy Drew Brees still threw 33 touchdowns posting his fewest number of thrown touchdowns since 2010 after averaging over 42 touchdowns for the past three years. ", "In this breakdown we will take a look at Brees’ 34 touchdowns and see what he did correctly to score them. ", "In my next article we will take a look at his 17 interceptions as well.", "\n\nStats\n\nDrew Brees – 456/659 (69.2%), 4,952 yards, 7.5 ypa, 33 TDs, 17 INTs, 27 rushes for 68 yards, 1 rushing TD\n\nFirst let’s take a look at the recipients of Brees’ 33 thrown touchdowns during the 2014 season:\n\nReceiver Breakdown\n\nJimmy Graham 10 Josh Hill 5 Marques Colston 5 Brandin Cooks 3 Kenny Stills 3 Ben Watson 2 Nick Toon 1 Austin Johnson 1 Erik Lorig 1 Pierre Thomas 1 Travaris Cadet 1\n\nHere is a quarter and down breakdown of the touchdowns:\n\nQuarter Breakdown\n\n1st Quarter 2 2nd Quarter 11 3rd Quarter 10 4th Quarter 11\n\nDown Breakdown\n\n1st Down 15 2nd Down 8 3rd Down 10 4th Down 1\n\nWhile here is a breakdown of Brees’ passes by distance and location. ", "Reminder: Distance is broken down by how long the touchdown score actually was, while location is the position on the field where Brees placed the ball.", "\n\nDistance Breakdown\n\nFewer than 6 Yards 11 Between 6 and 15 yards 14 More than 15 yards 9\n\nLocation Breakdown\n\nDeep Left Deep Middle Deep Right 2 1 4 Intermediate Left Intermediate Middle Intermediate Right 2 3 2 Short Left Short Middle Short Right 8 1 10\n\nHere is the route breakdown of the touchdown passes by Brees:\n\nRoute Breakdown\n\nFade 6 Flat 6 Seam 4 Go/Out-n-Up 3 Out/Quick-Out 3 Hitch/Spot 3 Slant/Drag/Angle 3 Swing 2 Dig 1 Post 1 Screen 1\n\nWith that in mind let’s take a look at some of his plays:\n\nPlay 1\n\nSituation: 2nd and 1 at 50\n\nDescription: Q3 – (5:43) D.Brees pass deep right to B.Cooks for 50 yards, TOUCHDOWN. ", "Pass 47, YAC 3 S.Graham extra point is GOOD, Center-J.Drescher, Holder-L.McCown.", "\n\nOpponent: 8. ", "GB\n\nOffensive Formation: I-formation GL Right\n\nOffensive Personnel: 22\n\nDefensive Formation: Cover 1 – Bracket coverage on Cook/Watson\n\nThe Saints are in 2nd and 1 with 5:43 left on the clock in the 3rd quarter. ", "They bring out their goalline package (22 personnel) in an effort to disguise the deep shot downfield. ", "WR10 Cooks, the rookie 1st round pick from Oregon State, is split wide as the only wide receiver.", "\n\nBrees takes the snap and runs play-action to his runningback #22 Ingram to draw the linebackers into the line of scrimmage and open up the tight end crossing route by TE82 Ben Watson. ", "The Packers rush five pass rushers and drop three linebackers into coverage. ", "The middle safety is playing deep zone while the outside defensive backs are playing man-to-man against Cooks and Watson.", "\n\nAfter the snap, WR10 Cooks explodes off the line of scrimmage pretending to run a go-route which drags the single high safety FS33 Micah Hyde closer to the sideline overpursuing as Cooks cuts back inside on a deep post for a deep touchdown pass.", "\n\nThe ball is actually slightly underthrown forcing Cooks to slow down to it adjusting in the air, but he makes the catch rolling into the endzone. ", "From Brees’ point of view after the play-action, he has a clear lane in the pocket to step up to make the throw as LB52 Matthews rushes in from the right edge of the pocket. ", "Give credit to Cooks for his incredible speed, Brees for the excellent throw albeit slightly underthrown, and blame FS33 Hyde for taking a horrible angle on Cooks by the sideline when he should have played the deep ball more conservatively.", "\n\nSituation: 1st and 10 at GB 22Description: Q3 – (2:13) D.Brees pass deep left to J.Graham for 22 yards, TOUCHDOWN. ", "Pass 22, YAC 0 S.Graham extra point is GOOD, Center-J.Drescher, Holder-L.McCown.", "Opponent: 8. ", "GB\n\nOffensive Formation: I-formation Slot Left\n\nOffensive Personnel: 22\n\nDefensive Formation: Cover 1\n\nLater in the same game, Brees is once again in I-formation goalline personnel and motions TE80 Graham across the formation to the left slot. ", "After the snap, Brees runs play-action again to RB22 Mark Ingram but this time the Packers defensive lineman play more conservatively on 1st and 10. ", "Brees still has an incredible pocket to stand in and lofts a ball to TE80 Graham who runs an out-n-up by the left sideline for a touchdown.", "\n\nThe reason why I wanted to show this pass is to show Brees’ incredible ball placement, but also show how the Saints use Jimmy Graham as a mismatch in the passing game lining up as a wide receiver. ", "If you’re a Seahawks fan watching this, you have to be happy seeing what Graham represents for Russell Wilson’s opportunities next season in Seattle.", "\n\nThis is just an excellent ball placement on the sideline behind CB38 Tramon Williams who gets burned on the out-n-up pass.", "\n\nSituation: 1st and 10 at SF 31Description: Q2 – (9:19) (Shotgun) D.Brees pass deep right to B.Cooks for 31 yards, TOUCHDOWN. ", "Pass 31, YAC 0 S.Graham extra point is GOOD, Center-J.Drescher, Holder-L.McCown.", "Opponent: 10. ", "SF\n\nOffensive Formation: Shotgun Trips Right\n\nOffensive Personnel: 11\n\nDefensive Formation: Cover 3\n\nThe Saints are in shotugn slot right far pre-snap and Brees motions WR10 Brandin Cooks to the right side of the formation. ", "CB29 Culliver stays on his side of the field (bottom of your screen) indicating zone coverage after the motion on his side of the field. ", "If I had to guess, the 49ers were in Cover 2 and shifted to Cover 3 post-motion but really only the coaching staff knows this answer.", "\n\nAfter Cooks motions to the right side of the field the Saints take advantage of the shifting of the coverage by sending all three routes vertical on the trips right side while releasing TE80 Graham on a seam route up the left sideline to pull CB29 Culliver out of the play completely.", "\n\nThis is an obvious mismatch for Brees: Three vertical routes against two deep safeties. ", "The 49ers attempt to play man-to-man on Cooks, but his speed is just unstoppable. ", "Additionally with the interior WR of the trips running a post route up the middle of the field it pulls the deep right safety completely out of the play for an great touchdown strike to Cooks and another perfect ball placement by Brees.", "\n\nI want you to go back and watch the endzone camera after the snap. ", "Brees watches the safeties post-snap to see where they are and then he keeps his eyes focused on the post route that I mentioned before. ", "THIS is what moves the deep right safety out of position. ", "IF Brees releases it to this WR it’s almost assuredly an interception and we’d blame Brees for “staring down the receiver”. ", "Instead, we see great eye discipline as Brees draws the safety out of position, and then makes him for it by putting the ball past him deep for his intended target WR12 Cooks on the seam route.", "\n\nSituation: 2nd and 10 at BAL 26Description: Q2 – (:24) (Shotgun) D.Brees pass deep left to M.Colston for 26 yards, TOUCHDOWN. ", "Pass 26, YAC 0 S.Graham extra point is GOOD, Center-J.Drescher, Holder-L.McCown.", "Opponent: 12. ", "BAL\n\nOffensive Formation: Shotgun Twins Left – Slot Right\n\nOffensive Personnel: 11\n\nDefensive Formation: Cover 1\n\nIn shotgun again, Brees takes the snap and has four receives split out side. ", "The outside left wide receiver runs an out-n-up while the inside receiver (WR12 Colston) runs a seam route against the deep Cover 1 by the Ravens defense pictured below. ", "The Saints actually mirror this same WR route combination on the opposite side of the field.", "\n\nFS26 Matt Elam, who is notorious by this point in his career as being awful in pass coverage and only good in run support is playing man-to-man coverage on WR12 Colston. ", "Brees in the pocket has the ball and pump-fakes to the out-n-up route on the left outside not fooling anyone in coverage then releases the ball deep to his wide receiver for the touchdown. ", "The ball sails over the head of FS26 Elam right into the hands of Colston as FS31 Will Hill attempts to intercept it thinking the ball is overthrown. ", "Another perfect ball placement.", "\n\nSituation: 1st and 2 at BAL 2Description: Q4 – (:44) (Shotgun) D.Brees pass short left to J.Graham for 2 yards, TOUCHDOWN. ", "Pass 2, YAC 0 S.Graham extra point is GOOD, Center-J.Drescher, Holder-L.McCown.", "Opponent: 12. ", "BAL\n\nOffensive Formation: Shotgun Trips – Twins Stack Right Far\n\nOffensive Personnel: 11\n\nDefensive Formation: Goalline Cover 1 (LB)\n\nFinally this last play showcases one of the few plays the Saints loved to run on goalline situations – the fade to Graham, where he uses his body positioning and size as a mismatch in man-to-man coverage against defenses to box them out for almost guaranteed touchdowns. ", "The other main play the Saints love to use is the play-action bootleg to a tight end that slips outside on a quick-out release after he pretends to block to sell the run.", "\n\nOverall, the main takeway I saw while watching Drew Brees’ plays was his ability to perfectly place balls deep and all over the field. ", "Drew Brees is consistently great at this. ", "In these five plays above, the offense had time to develop down the field due to misdirection by play-action and the offensive line doing a great job of blocking, but that wasn’t the case at all last season for the Saints last season. ", "Only right tackle Zach Strief graded signficantly positive in pass protection by ProFootballFocus with a score of +7.9, while the rest were near the bottom of the league. ", "For example, All-pro right guard Jahri Evans who normally is great played horribly this past season allowing 6 sacks and 7 quarterback hits and finished the season with a score of -17.7 in pass protection. ", "Just terrible. ", "Hopefully, he can return to form next season after fully recovering from an injury he was playing through all last season.", "\n\nOutside of Brees, we need to answer the most obvious question and it relates to Jimmy Graham. ", "Graham scored 10 of Brees’ 33 thrown touchdowns this season and represented such a versatile weapon for this offense that they will sorely miss him. ", "So, where will Drew Brees go since Jimmy Graham is gone? ", "In my opinion, this helps TE82 Ben Watson as he’ll be targeted more frequently, but it will also help WR12 Colston. ", "Against the Pittsburg Steelers and throughout his career, the big 6’4″ wide receiver was also targeted on a goalline fade. ", "The vast majority of them (five of six) when to Graham, but this shows me that Colston can be used as a respectable target. ", "With Graham gone, this will open up opportunities for 2nd year veteran Brandin Cooks who displays the speed and deep threat separation that is extremely valuable when paired with Brees’ downfield accuracy.", "\n\nFollow Samuel Gold on Twitter: @SamuelRGold." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.0078125, 0.005917159763313609, 0, 0, 0.011976047904191617, 0.006578947368421052, 0.004746835443037975, 0.025, 0, 0.0047169811320754715, 0, 0.010309278350515464, 0.010752688172043012, 0, 0.01652892561983471, 0.008097165991902834, 0, 0.005747126436781609, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0.025, 0, 0.00819672131147541, 0.013422818791946308, 0.007194244604316547, 0.010050251256281407, 0.020134228187919462, 0.008064516129032258, 0.007874015748031496, 0.025, 0, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0, 0.006993006993006993, 0.011111111111111112, 0.012195121951219513, 0.012711864406779662, 0, 0, 0, 0.008064516129032258, 0.010362694300518135, 0.0078125, 0.025, 0, 0.005235602094240838, 0.011764705882352941, 0.021739130434782608, 0.011627906976744186, 0, 0.006666666666666667, 0, 0, 0.02531645569620253, 0, 0.007407407407407408, 0.0058823529411764705, 0.0072992700729927005, 0.047619047619047616, 0.00425531914893617, 0.005847953216374269, 0.0048543689320388345, 0, 0, 0.010416666666666666, 0.006711409395973154, 0.03508771929824561, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0.016129032258064516, 0.014634146341463415, 0.021739130434782608 ]

[ "Spatially encoded polarization-dependent nonlinear optics.", "\nA single fixed optic is combined with the sample translation capabilities inherent to most microscopes to achieve precise polarization-dependent second harmonic generation microscopy measurements of thin tissue sections. ", "Although polarization measurements have enabled detailed structural analysis of collagen, challenges in integrating rotation stages or fast electro-optic/photoelastic modulation have complicated the retrofitting of existing systems for precise polarization analysis. ", "Placing a static microretarder array in the rear conjugate plane resulted in spatially encoded polarization modulation across the field of view. ", "A complete set of polarization rotation measurements was acquired at each pixel by sample translation, recovering local-frame tensors relating to structure within collagenous tissue." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "President Trump was reportedly told six days into his presidency that his former national security adviser Michael Flynn misled the vice president about his phone calls with Russia, but did not tell his second-in-command.", "\n\nTrump, after learning about the phone calls, kept Vice President Pence in the dark about Flynn’s conversations with Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak, the Associated Press reported Tuesday, citing White House officials.", "\n\nPence and other officials emphatically defended Flynn in the weeks leading up to his resignation.", "\n\n“They did not discuss anything having to do with the United States’ decision to expel diplomats or impose censure against Russia,” Pence said in a televised interview with CBS News last month.", "\n\nVIDEO: DOES FLYNN'S DEPARTURE SHED LIGHT ON A LARGER PROBLEM?", "\n\nMarc Lotter, a Pence spokesman, said the vice president only became aware that he had received “incomplete information” from Flynn after the first Washington Post report last Thursday. ", "Pence learned about the Justice Department warnings to the White House around the same time.", "\n\nPence and White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus played an integral role in Flynn’s resignation, sources told Fox News.", "\n\nThe White House said earlier Tuesday that Flynn’s downfall wasn’t because he discussed the sanctions levied against Russia with Kislyak – which is a potential violation of a rarely enforced law – but the fact that he denied it for weeks and misled Pence and other senior Trump aide about the nature of the conversations.", "\n\nWhite House officials said they conducted a thorough review of Flynn's interactions, including transcripts of calls secretly recorded by U.S. intelligence officials, but found nothing illegal.", "\n\nPence is said to have been angry and deeply frustrated over the revelations.", "\n\n\"The evolving and eroding level of trust as a result of this situation and a series of other questionable incidents is what led the president to ask General Flynn for his resignation,\" White House press secretary Sean Spicer said.", "\n\nSpicer said other \"questionable incidents\" had contributed to Flynn's firing. ", "According to one person with knowledge of the matter, those incidents included Flynn seeking a security clearance for his son during the transition.", "\n\nFlynn, in an interview with The Daily Caller News Foundation, said Monday \"there were no lines crossed\" in his conversations with the Russian ambassador.", "\n\nHowever, a U.S. official told AP that Flynn was in frequent contact with Kislyak on the day the Obama administration slapped sanctions on Russia for election-related hacking, as well as other times during the transition. ", "Spicer said Flynn was not discussing sanctions at the president's behest.", "\n\nBefore he resigned Monday night, Flynn told the investigative news nonprofit affiliated with the website The Daily Caller that he and Kislyak spoke only generally about the Russian diplomats expelled by President Barack Obama as part of the previous administration's response to Moscow's interference in the U.S. presidential election.", "\n\n\"It wasn't about sanctions. ", "It was about the 35 guys who were thrown out,\" Flynn said. \"", "It was basically: 'Look, I know this happened. ", "We'll review everything.' ", "I never said anything such as, 'We're going to review sanctions,' or anything like that.\"", "\n\nThe Associated Press contributed to this report." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.00904977375565611, 0.02262443438914027, 0.010101010101010102, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0.0213903743315508, 0.021739130434782608, 0.03225806451612903, 0.012422360248447204, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0.01293103448275862, 0.0125, 0.006756756756756757, 0.0064516129032258064, 0.013452914798206279, 0.0273972602739726, 0.008902077151335312, 0, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0, 0, 0.02 ]

[ "Q:\n\nEdit Multiple Related Tables in a single view\n\nI have four tables with three one to many relationships and I want to edit all these four tables in a single view. ", "Here's the structure of model of these tables :\nModel 1 (Base Table):\n public partial class benedet\n {\n [System.", "Diagnostics.", "CodeAnalysis.", "SuppressMessage(\"Microsoft.", "Usage\", \"CA2214:DoNotCallOverridableMethodsInConstructors\")]\n public benedet()\n {\n this.bankdets = new HashSet<bankdet>();\n this.damagedets = new HashSet<damagedet>();\n this.imagedets = new HashSet<imagedet>();\n }\n\n public int id { get; set; }\n [Key]\n public string beneid { get; set; }\n public string name { get; set; }\n\n //More Properties....\n\n public virtual ICollection<bankdet> bankdets { get; set; }\n\n public virtual ICollection<damagedet> damagedets { get; set; }\n\n public virtual ICollection<imagedet> imagedets { get; set; }\n }\n\nModel 2 (Child Table):\n public partial class bankdet\n {\n public int id { get; set; }\n public string beneid { get; set; }\n\n //More Properties....\n\n public virtual benedet benedet { get; set; }\n }\n\nModel 3 (Child Table):\n public partial class damagedet\n {\n public int id { get; set; }\n public string beneid { get; set; }\n public string name { get; set; }\n\n //More Properties.....\n\n public virtual benedet benedet { get; set; }\n }\n\nModel 4 (Child Table):\npublic partial class imagedet\n{\n public int id { get; set; }\n\n public string beneid { get; set; }\n public string url { get; set; }\n public string desc { get; set; }\n\n public virtual benedet benedet { get; set; }\n}\n\nModel 1 has a one-to-many relationship with model 2 ,3 and 4 using the key beneid. ", "I am trying to edit these model's data in a single view but only the base model (table 1) gets modified whereas the child model don't. ", "\nI have also tried explicitly setting the keys using [ForeignKey(\"beneid\")] attribute but was unsuccessful.", "\nHere are my edit methods and view for reference.", "\n public ActionResult Edit(string id)\n {\n if (id == null)\n {\n return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.", "BadRequest);\n }\n benedet benedet = db.benedets.", "Find(id);\n if (benedet == null)\n {\n return HttpNotFound();\n }\n benedet.imagedets = (from o in db.imagedets where o.beneid == benedet.beneid select o).ToList();\n benedet.bankdets = (from p in db.bankdets where p.beneid == benedet.beneid select p).ToList();\n benedet.damagedets = (from i in db.damagedets where i.beneid == benedet.beneid select i).ToList();\n return View(benedet);\n }\n\n // POST: BeneficiaryMaster/Edit/5\n // To protect from overposting attacks, please enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for \n // more details see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.", "\n [HttpPost]\n [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]\n public ActionResult Edit(benedet benedet)\n {\n\n if (ModelState.", "IsValid)\n {\n\n db.", "Entry(benedet).State = EntityState.", "Modified;\n db.", "SaveChanges();\n return RedirectToAction(\"Index\");\n }\n return View(benedet);\n }\n\nVIEW:\n@model IdentitySample.Models.benedet\n@using System.", "Text;\n@{\n ViewBag.", "Title = \"Edit\";\n}\n\n<h2>Edit</h2>\n\n@using (Html.", "BeginForm())\n{\n @Html.", "AntiForgeryToken()\n\n <div class=\"form-horizontal\">\n <h4>benedet</h4>\n <hr />\n @Html.", "ValidationSummary(true, \"\", new { @class = \"text-danger\" })\n @Html.", "HiddenFor(model => model.beneid)\n <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"id\" name=\"id\" value=\"@Model.id\" />\n <table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered table-condensed\">\n <tr>\n <th>\n @Html.", "DisplayNameFor(model => model.name)\n </th>\n <!-- ", "More headers..... --> \n\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td>\n @Html.", "EditorFor(modelItem => Model.name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = \"form-control\" } })\n </td>\n <!-- ", "More Data.... --> \n </tr>\n </table>\n <h3>Bank Details</h3>\n <table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered table-condensed\">\n <tr>\n <!", "--Headers-->\n </tr>\n @foreach (var item in Model.bankdets)\n {\n var i = 0;\n\n <tr>\n <!", "--Data-->\n </tr>\n i++;\n }\n </table>\n\n <h3>Damage Records</h3>\n <table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered table-condensed\">\n <tr>\n <th>\n Name\n </th>\n <!", "--Headers -- >\n </tr>\n @foreach (var item in Model.damagedets)\n {\n var i = 0;\n <tr>\n <td>\n @Html.", "EditorFor(model => item.name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @id = \"damagedets[@i].name\", @name = \"damagedets[@i].name\", @class = \"form-control\" } })\n </td>\n <!-- ", "Data -- >\n </tr>\n i++;\n\n }\n </table>\n <h3>Attachments</h3>\n <table class=\"table table-striped table-bordered table-condensed\">\n <tr>\n @foreach (var item in Model.imagedets)\n {\n var i = 0;\n @Html.", "HiddenFor(modelItem => item.benedet)\n <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"imagedets[@i].beneid\" name=\"imagedets[@i].beneid\" value=\"@item.beneid\" />\n <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"imagedets[@i].url\" name=\"imagedets[@i].url\" value=\"@item.url\" />\n <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"imagedets[@i].id\" name=\"imagedets[@i].id\" value=\"@item.id\" />\n <th>\n <input class = \"form-control\" id=\"imagedets[@i].desc\" name=\"imagedets[@i].desc\" value=\"@item.desc\" />\n @*@Html.", "EditorFor(modelItem => item.desc, new { htmlAttributes = new { @id = \"imagedets[\"+i+\"].desc\", name = \"imagedets[@i].desc\", @class = \"form-control\" } })*@\n </th>\n <td>\n\n <img id=\"base64image[@i]\" src=\"data:image/jpeg;base64, @ASCIIEncoding.", "ASCII.GetString(Convert.", "FromBase64String(item.url))\" />\n </td>\n i++;\n\n }\n </tr>\n </table>\n\n <div class=\"form-group\">\n <div class=\"col-md-offset-2 col-md-10\">\n <input type=\"submit\" value=\"Save\" class=\"btn btn-default\" />\n </div>\n </div>\n </div>\n}\n\n<div>\n @Html.", "ActionLink(\"Back to List\", \"Index\")\n</div>\n\nPlease guide me on how to achieve the above. ", "Thanks for helping.", "\n\nA:\n\nLink to Answer.", "\nThis is what I did.", "\n\nChanged the following in my base model\npublic benedet()\n{\n this.bankdets = new HashSet<bankdet>();\n this.damagedets = new HashSet<damagedet>();\n this.imagedets = new HashSet<imagedet>();\n}\n\npublic virtual ICollection<bankdet> bankdets { get; set; }\n\npublic virtual ICollection<damagedet> damagedets { get; set; }\n\npublic virtual ICollection<imagedet> imagedets { get; set; }\n\nTo\n public benedet()\n {\n this.bankdets = new List<bankdet>();\n this.damagedets = new List<damagedet>();\n this.imagedets = new List<imagedet>();\n }\n public virtual List<bankdet> bankdets { get; set; }\n\n public virtual List<damagedet> damagedets { get; set; }\n\n public virtual List<imagedet> imagedets { get; set; }\n\nChanged all foreach loops to for loops in the view.", "\nEdited the HTTPPOST EDIT method to iterate over all the items like\n this:\n [HttpPost]\n [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]\n public ActionResult Edit(benedet benedet)\n {\n\n if (ModelState.", "IsValid)\n {\n for(int i=0;i<benedet.damagedets.", "Count;i++)\n {\n db.", "Entry(benedet.damagedets[i]).State = EntityState.", "Modified;\n }\n for (int i = 0; i < benedet.bankdets.", "Count; i++)\n {\n db.", "Entry(benedet.bankdets[i]).State = EntityState.", "Modified;\n }\n for (int i = 0; i < benedet.imagedets.", "Count; i++)\n {\n db.", "Entry(benedet.imagedets[i]).State = EntityState.", "Modified;\n }\n db.", "Entry(benedet).State = EntityState.", "Modified;\n db.", "SaveChanges();\n return RedirectToAction(\"Index\");\n }\n return View(benedet);\n }\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004008016032064128, 0, 0, 0, 0.00625, 0.028985507246376812, 0.004225352112676056, 0.013986013986013986, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0.011049723756906077, 0, 0.0425531914893617, 0.08, 0.009259259259259259, 0.02702702702702703, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0.008403361344537815, 0.007407407407407408, 0.004761904761904762, 0.006060606060606061, 0, 0.009900990099009901, 0.015306122448979591, 0.005970149253731343, 0.012589928057553957, 0.01, 0, 0.0027472527472527475, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.011363636363636364, 0.015, 0, 0.022727272727272728, 0.02040816326530612, 0, 0, 0.02127659574468085, 0, 0, 0.020833333333333332, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0 ]

[ "“WALKING~WORKS~OF~ART”\n\nAngi Perretti—Costume Designer and Artist, displays her “Walking~Works~of~Art” upon the human figure by a signature portrait of fabrics and colors via haute couture. ", "Available for viewing only a short time—as an eclipse of art—the viewers of Angi’s artwork should consider themselves hand-picked by the art gods with a divine invitation to ponder an artistic moment of wonder and diversion. ", "Incidentally, if you didn’t get to see her, you’ll never know what you missed.", "But if you do---like it or not—it’s art!​\n\nThe books by Angi Perretti are written in the genre of Fantasy Fiction/ Live Theatre and Performing Arts / Artistic Literature and Prose for pure literary entertainment. ", "Her books are a brand of cultural adventures delving deeply into the minds of her readers…beckoning a visit into their own “classroom of self-discovery.” ", "Once there, they might experience the opportunity to listen to their thoughts, dreams, and wishes, and to reveal to themselves whatever it is they may discover lying dormant inside their mind…as “silence is golden” to the soul that listens.", "\n\nThe identities emanating from Angi’s “Walking~Works~of~Art” collections each possess a creative energy, a whirlwind of guise and effect, tempting and charming all beholders, while at the same time, signaling them to react in the moment. ", "They are collectively a brand of identities that invoke wit and humor to all her readers. “", "Life is all about the smiles!” ", "A.P.\n\nThe first two identities to have a book titled after them are “AngiArts” and “MR CANNABISrc.” ", "Together, they seize a timely appearance in Orlando’s cultural history. ", "As our world changes all around us, these two characters are diving into the cultural, history-in-the-making endeavor that is truly alive in The City Beautiful.", "\n\n“Our culture evolves by the stories we tell. ", "If we don’t write them down, what cultural impact will we leave behind?” ", "A.P." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.010526315789473684, 0.0044444444444444444, 0, 0.004694835680751174, 0, 0, 0.0041841004184100415, 0, 0, 0.01, 0, 0.00625, 0, 0, 0.25 ]

[ "{\n \"cells\": [\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"markdown\",\n \"metadata\": {\n \"_cell_guid\": \"e12020f7-4f94-4ecc-9007-9b7a6e7458a6\",\n \"_uuid\": \"1fecb0980d8d422ec0f005c4bfd6225385c2c60f\"\n },\n \"source\": [\n \"This notebook is a sample code with Japanese comments.\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"# 2.5 勾配ブースティングが最強？！", "　いろいろな機械学習アルゴリズムを使ってみよう\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 1,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"import numpy as np\\n\",\n \"import pandas as pd\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"train = pd.read_csv('../input/titanic/train.csv')\\n\",\n \"test = pd.read_csv('../input/titanic/test.csv')\\n\",\n \"gender_submission = pd.read_csv('../input/titanic/gender_submission.csv')\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"data = pd.concat([train, test], sort=False)\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"data['Sex'].replace(['male', 'female'], [0, 1], inplace=True)\\n\",\n \"data['Embarked'].fillna(('S'), inplace=True)\\n\",\n \"data['Embarked'] = data['Embarked'].map({'S': 0, 'C': 1, 'Q': 2}).astype(int)\\n\",\n \"data['Fare'].fillna(np.mean(data['Fare']), inplace=True)\\n\",\n \"data['Age'].fillna(data['Age'].median(), inplace=True)\\n\",\n \"data['FamilySize'] = data['Parch'] + data['SibSp'] + 1\\n\",\n \"data['IsAlone'] = 0\\n\",\n \"data.loc[data['FamilySize'] == 1, 'IsAlone'] = 1\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 2,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/html\": [\n \"<div>\\n\",\n \"<style scoped>\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: middle;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: top;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe thead th {\\n\",\n \" text-align: right;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"</style>\\n\",\n \"<table border=\\\"1\\\" class=\\\"dataframe\\\">\\n\",\n \" <thead>\\n\",\n \" <tr style=\\\"text-align: right;\\\">\\n\",\n \" <th></th>\\n\",\n \" <th>PassengerId</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Survived</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Pclass</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Name</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Sex</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Age</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>SibSp</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Parch</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Ticket</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Fare</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Cabin</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Embarked</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>FamilySize</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>IsAlone</th>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </thead>\\n\",\n \" <tbody>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>0</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>Braund, Mr. Owen Harris</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>22.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>A/5 21171</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>7.2500</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>NaN</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>1</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th...</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>38.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>PC 17599</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>71.2833</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>C85</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>2</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>Heikkinen, Miss. Laina</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>26.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>STON/O2. ", "3101282</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>7.9250</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>NaN</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>3</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>4</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel)</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>35.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>113803</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>53.1000</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>C123</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>4</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>5</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>Allen, Mr. William Henry</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>35.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>373450</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>8.0500</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>NaN</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </tbody>\\n\",\n \"</table>\\n\",\n \"</div>\"\n ],\n \"text/plain\": [\n \" PassengerId Survived Pclass \\\\\\n\",\n \"0 1 0.0 3 \\n\",\n \"1 2 1.0 1 \\n\",\n \"2 3 1.0 3 \\n\",\n \"3 4 1.0 1 \\n\",\n \"4 5 0.0 3 \\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" Name Sex Age SibSp Parch \\\\\\n\",\n \"0 Braund, Mr. Owen Harris 0 22.0 1 0 \\n\",\n \"1 Cumings, Mrs. John Bradley (Florence Briggs Th... 1 38.0 1 0 \\n\",\n \"2 Heikkinen, Miss. Laina 1 26.0 0 0 \\n\",\n \"3 Futrelle, Mrs. Jacques Heath (Lily May Peel) 1 35.0 1 0 \\n\",\n \"4 Allen, Mr. William Henry 0 35.0 0 0 \\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" Ticket Fare Cabin Embarked FamilySize IsAlone \\n\",\n \"0 A/5 21171 7.2500 NaN 0 2 0 \\n\",\n \"1 PC 17599 71.2833 C85 1 2 0 \\n\",\n \"2 STON/O2. ", "3101282 7.9250 NaN 0 1 1 \\n\",\n \"3 113803 53.1000 C123 0 2 0 \\n\",\n \"4 373450 8.0500 NaN 0 1 1 \"\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 2,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"data.head()\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 3,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"delete_columns = ['Name', 'PassengerId', 'Ticket', 'Cabin']\\n\",\n \"data.drop(delete_columns, axis=1, inplace=True)\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"train = data[:len(train)]\\n\",\n \"test = data[len(train):]\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"y_train = train['Survived']\\n\",\n \"X_train = train.drop('Survived', axis=1)\\n\",\n \"X_test = test.drop('Survived', axis=1)\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 4,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/html\": [\n \"<div>\\n\",\n \"<style scoped>\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: middle;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: top;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe thead th {\\n\",\n \" text-align: right;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"</style>\\n\",\n \"<table border=\\\"1\\\" class=\\\"dataframe\\\">\\n\",\n \" <thead>\\n\",\n \" <tr style=\\\"text-align: right;\\\">\\n\",\n \" <th></th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Pclass</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Sex</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Age</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>SibSp</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Parch</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Fare</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Embarked</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>FamilySize</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>IsAlone</th>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </thead>\\n\",\n \" <tbody>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>0</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>22.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>7.2500</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>1</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>38.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>71.2833</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>2</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>26.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>7.9250</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>3</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>35.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>53.1000</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>2</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>4</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>3</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>35.0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>8.0500</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </tbody>\\n\",\n \"</table>\\n\",\n \"</div>\"\n ],\n \"text/plain\": [\n \" Pclass Sex Age SibSp Parch Fare Embarked FamilySize IsAlone\\n\",\n \"0 3 0 22.0 1 0 7.2500 0 2 0\\n\",\n \"1 1 1 38.0 1 0 71.2833 1 2 0\\n\",\n \"2 3 1 26.0 0 0 7.9250 0 1 1\\n\",\n \"3 1 1 35.0 1 0 53.1000 0 2 0\\n\",\n \"4 3 0 35.0 0 0 8.0500 0 1 1\"\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 4,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"X_train.head()\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"markdown\",\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"source\": [\n \"# sklearn\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 5,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"clf = LogisticRegression(penalty='l2', solver='sag', random_state=0)\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 6,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"clf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100, max_depth=2, random_state=0)\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 7,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"clf.fit(X_train, y_train)\\n\",\n \"y_pred = clf.predict(X_test)\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 8,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/plain\": [\n \"array([0., ", "1., ", "0., ", "0., ", "1., ", "0., ", "1., ", "0., ", "1., ", "0.])\"", "\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 8,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"y_pred[:10]\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 9,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"sub = pd.read_csv('../input/titanic/gender_submission.csv')\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 10,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/html\": [\n \"<div>\\n\",\n \"<style scoped>\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: middle;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: top;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe thead th {\\n\",\n \" text-align: right;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"</style>\\n\",\n \"<table border=\\\"1\\\" class=\\\"dataframe\\\">\\n\",\n \" <thead>\\n\",\n \" <tr style=\\\"text-align: right;\\\">\\n\",\n \" <th></th>\\n\",\n \" <th>PassengerId</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Survived</th>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </thead>\\n\",\n \" <tbody>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>0</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>892</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>1</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>893</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>2</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>894</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>3</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>895</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>4</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>896</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>1</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </tbody>\\n\",\n \"</table>\\n\",\n \"</div>\"\n ],\n \"text/plain\": [\n \" PassengerId Survived\\n\",\n \"0 892 0\\n\",\n \"1 893 1\\n\",\n \"2 894 0\\n\",\n \"3 895 0\\n\",\n \"4 896 1\"\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 10,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"sub['Survived'] = list(map(int, y_pred))\\n\",\n \"sub.to_csv('submission_randomforest.csv', index=False)\\n\",\n \"sub.head()\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"markdown\",\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"source\": [\n \"# LightGBM\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 11,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"X_train, X_valid, y_train, y_valid = \\\\\\n\",\n \" train_test_split(X_train, y_train, test_size=0.3,\\n\",\n \" random_state=0, stratify=y_train)\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 12,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": [\n \"categorical_features = ['Embarked', 'Pclass', 'Sex']\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 13,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"name\": \"stdout\",\n \"output_type\": \"stream\",\n \"text\": [\n \"Training until validation scores don't improve for 10 rounds\\n\",\n \"[10]\\ttraining's binary_logloss: 0.425241\\tvalid_1's binary_logloss: 0.478975\\n\",\n \"[20]\\ttraining's binary_logloss: 0.344972\\tvalid_1's binary_logloss: 0.444039\\n\",\n \"[30]\\ttraining's binary_logloss: 0.301357\\tvalid_1's binary_logloss: 0.436304\\n\",\n \"[40]\\ttraining's binary_logloss: 0.265535\\tvalid_1's binary_logloss: 0.438139\\n\",\n \"Early stopping, best iteration is:\\n\",\n \"[38]\\ttraining's binary_logloss: 0.271328\\tvalid_1's binary_logloss: 0.435633\\n\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"stderr\",\n \"output_type\": \"stream\",\n \"text\": [\n \"/opt/conda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/lightgbm/basic.py:1243: UserWarning: Using categorical_feature in Dataset.\\n\",\n \" warnings.warn('Using categorical_feature in Dataset.", "')\\n\"\n ]\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"import lightgbm as lgb\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"lgb_train = lgb.", "Dataset(X_train, y_train,\\n\",\n \" categorical_feature=categorical_features)\\n\",\n \"lgb_eval = lgb.", "Dataset(X_valid, y_valid, reference=lgb_train,\\n\",\n \" categorical_feature=categorical_features)\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"params = {\\n\",\n \" 'objective': 'binary'\\n\",\n \"}\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"model = lgb.train(params, lgb_train,\\n\",\n \" valid_sets=[lgb_train, lgb_eval],\\n\",\n \" verbose_eval=10,\\n\",\n \" num_boost_round=1000,\\n\",\n \" early_stopping_rounds=10)\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"y_pred = model.predict(X_test, num_iteration=model.best_iteration)\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 14,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/plain\": [\n \"array([0.0320592 , 0.34308916, 0.09903007, 0.05723199, 0.39919906,\\n\",\n \" 0.22299318, 0.55036246, 0.0908458 , 0.78109016, 0.01881392])\"\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 14,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"y_pred[:10]\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 15,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/plain\": [\n \"array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0])\"\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 15,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"y_pred = (y_pred > 0.5).astype(int)\\n\",\n \"y_pred[:10]\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": 16,\n \"metadata\": {\n \"scrolled\": true\n },\n \"outputs\": [\n {\n \"data\": {\n \"text/html\": [\n \"<div>\\n\",\n \"<style scoped>\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: middle;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe tbody tr th {\\n\",\n \" vertical-align: top;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \" .dataframe thead th {\\n\",\n \" text-align: right;\\n\",\n \" }\\n\",\n \"</style>\\n\",\n \"<table border=\\\"1\\\" class=\\\"dataframe\\\">\\n\",\n \" <thead>\\n\",\n \" <tr style=\\\"text-align: right;\\\">\\n\",\n \" <th></th>\\n\",\n \" <th>PassengerId</th>\\n\",\n \" <th>Survived</th>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </thead>\\n\",\n \" <tbody>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>0</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>892</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>1</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>893</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>2</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>894</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>3</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>895</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" <tr>\\n\",\n \" <th>4</th>\\n\",\n \" <td>896</td>\\n\",\n \" <td>0</td>\\n\",\n \" </tr>\\n\",\n \" </tbody>\\n\",\n \"</table>\\n\",\n \"</div>\"\n ],\n \"text/plain\": [\n \" PassengerId Survived\\n\",\n \"0 892 0\\n\",\n \"1 893 0\\n\",\n \"2 894 0\\n\",\n \"3 895 0\\n\",\n \"4 896 0\"\n ]\n },\n \"execution_count\": 16,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"output_type\": \"execute_result\"\n }\n ],\n \"source\": [\n \"sub['Survived'] = y_pred\\n\",\n \"sub.to_csv('submission_lightgbm.csv', index=False)\\n\",\n \"\\n\",\n \"sub.head()\"\n ]\n },\n {\n \"cell_type\": \"code\",\n \"execution_count\": null,\n \"metadata\": {},\n \"outputs\": [],\n \"source\": []\n }\n ],\n \"metadata\": {\n \"file_extension\": \".py\",\n \"kernelspec\": {\n \"display_name\": \"Python 3\",\n \"language\": \"python\",\n \"name\": \"python3\"\n },\n \"language_info\": {\n \"codemirror_mode\": {\n \"name\": \"ipython\",\n \"version\": 3\n },\n \"file_extension\": \".py\",\n \"mimetype\": \"text/x-python\",\n \"name\": \"python\",\n \"nbconvert_exporter\": \"python\",\n \"pygments_lexer\": \"ipython3\",\n \"version\": \"3.6.6\"\n },\n \"mimetype\": \"text/x-python\",\n \"name\": \"python\",\n \"npconvert_exporter\": \"python\",\n \"pygments_lexer\": \"ipython3\",\n \"version\": 3\n },\n \"nbformat\": 4,\n \"nbformat_minor\": 2\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0, 0.0013812154696132596, 0.003637833468067906, 0.0018716077110237693, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0032043381809218636, 0.008849557522123894, 0, 0.0009438414346389807 ]

[ "Optimizing the Sequence of Chemotherapy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma with Clinically Positive Regional Lymph Nodes.", "\nUpper tract urothelial carcinoma with clinically positive regional lymph nodes is an aggressive disease state with a high propensity for metastasis and death. ", "The current literature is limited regarding national practice patterns and outcomes in this patient population. ", "We identified 1,658 patients in the NCDB (National Cancer Database) who had cN+M0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma. ", "Patients were stratified into treatment groups. ", "We compared baseline patient and tumor characteristics between the groups, and completed survival analysis using a multivariate Cox regression model. ", "There were 1,658 patients in the final study population. ", "Preoperative chemotherapy was the least performed treatment. ", "That group comprised 6.8% of the overall population and was associated with the highest median overall survival of 36 months compared to 21 months for adjuvant chemotherapy, 14 for chemotherapy only, 10 for surgery without perioperative chemotherapy and 5 for no treatment. ", "On multivariate analysis preoperative chemotherapy was associated with improved median overall survival compared to that in the adjuvant chemotherapy group (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.87). ", "There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the chemotherapy only and the surgery only groups. ", "Of patients in the preoperative chemotherapy group 34.6% achieved pN0 status compared to 10.3% of those who underwent surgery as initial therapy. ", "Preoperative chemotherapy was the least performed treatment strategy in the management of cN+M0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma but it was associated with the highest median overall survival. ", "There was no difference in survival between the chemotherapy only and the surgery only groups. ", "Overall these results suggest that initial chemotherapy is appropriate in this population when feasible." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.008130081300813009, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005405405405405406, 0, 0.00684931506849315, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nWebClient.", "DownloadFileAsync - Download files one at a time\n\nI am using the code below to download multiple attachments from a TFS server:\nforeach (Attachment a in wi.", "Attachments)\n{ \n WebClient wc = new WebClient();\n wc.", "Credentials = (ICredentials)netCred;\n wc.", "DownloadFileCompleted += new AsyncCompletedEventHandler(wc_DownloadFileCompleted);\n wc.", "DownloadFileAsync(a.", "Uri, \"C:\\\\\" + a.Name);\n}\n\nI would like to download multiple files using DownloadFileAsync, but I want them to be downloaded one by one.", "\nOne may ask \"Why don't you just use the synchronous DownloadFile method?\" ", "Its because:\n\nI want to make use of the events provided by DownloadFileAsync.", "\nI don't want to make multiple instances of the Webclient to avoid flooding the server.", "\n\nThis is the solution that I thought of:\nforeach (Attachment a in wi.", "Attachments)\n{ \n WebClient wc = new WebClient();\n wc.", "Credentials = (ICredentials)netCred;\n wc.", "DownloadFileCompleted += new AsyncCompletedEventHandler(wc_DownloadFileCompleted);\n wc.", "DownloadFileAsync(a.", "Uri, \"C:\\\\\" + a.Name);\n while (wc.", "IsBusy)\n {\n System.", "Threading.", "Thread.", "Sleep(1000);\n }\n}\n\nHowever, there are a couple of problems with this approach:\n\nThe Thread.", "Sleep() is locking up my Form. ", "I still need to make my own Thread or use BackgroundWorker. (", "I would like to avoid this as much as possible)\nThe DownloadFileCompleted event is being triggered after ALL files has been downloaded. ", "I don't know if this is a side-effect of using System.", "Threading.", "Thread.", "Sleep(1000);\n\nIs there a better approach to download files one at a time using WebClient.", "DownloadFileAsync?", "\nThanks!", "\n\nA:\n\nTo simplify the task you can create separated attachment list:\nlist = new List<Attachment>(wi.", "Attachments);\n\nwhere list is private field with type List<Attachment>.", "\nAfter this you should configure WebClient and start downloading of first file:\nif (list.", "Count > 0) {\n WebClient wc = new WebClient();\n wc.", "Credentials = (ICredentials)netCred;\n wc.", "DownloadFileCompleted += new AsyncCompletedEventHandler(wc_DownloadFileCompleted);\n wc.", "DownloadFileAsync(list[0].Uri, @\"C:\\\" + list[0].Name);\n}\n\nYour DownloadFileComplete handler should check if not all files already downloaded and call DownloadFileAsync again:\nvoid wc_DownloadFileCompleted(object sender, AsyncCompletedEventArgs e) {\n // ... do something useful \n list.", "RemoveAt(0);\n if (list.", "Count > 0)\n wc.", "DownloadFileAsync(list[0].Uri, @\"C:\\\" + list[0].Name);\n}\n\nThis code is not optimized solution. ", "This is just idea.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0.016129032258064516, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.013333333333333334, 0, 0, 0, 0.015151515151515152, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.034482758620689655, 0, 0, 0.02127659574468085, 0, 0.01639344262295082, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0, 0.011235955056179775, 0, 0, 0.01, 0.014285714285714285, 0.011235955056179775, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0, 0.0034602076124567475, 0.04, 0, 0.010526315789473684, 0, 0 ]

[ "/* Implement the vsnprintf function.", "\n Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2011, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n Written by Kaveh R. Ghazi <ghazi@caip.rutgers.edu>.", "\n\nThis file is part of the libiberty library. ", " This library is free\nsoftware; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the\nterms of the GNU General Public License as published by the\nFree Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)\nany later version.", "\n\nThis library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,\nbut WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of\nMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ", " See the\nGNU General Public License for more details.", "\n\nYou should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License\nalong with GNU CC; see the file COPYING. ", " If not, write to\nthe Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.", "\n\nAs a special exception, if you link this library with files\ncompiled with a GNU compiler to produce an executable, this does not cause\nthe resulting executable to be covered by the GNU General Public License.", "\nThis exception does not however invalidate any other reasons why\nthe executable file might be covered by the GNU General Public License. */", "\n\n/*\n\n@deftypefn Supplemental int vsnprintf (char *@var{buf}, size_t @var{n}, @\n const char *@var{format}, va_list @var{ap})\n\nThis function is similar to @code{vsprintf}, but it will write to\n@var{buf} at most @code{@var{n}-1} bytes of text, followed by a\nterminating null byte, for a total of @var{n} bytes. ", " On error the\nreturn value is -1, otherwise it returns the number of characters that\nwould have been printed had @var{n} been sufficiently large,\nregardless of the actual value of @var{n}. ", " Note some pre-C99 system\nlibraries do not implement this correctly so users cannot generally\nrely on the return value if the system version of this function is\nused.", "\n\n@end deftypefn\n\n*/\n\n#include \"config.h\"\n#include \"ansidecl.h\"\n\n#include <stdarg.h>\n#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H\n#include <string.h>\n#endif\n#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H\n#include <stdlib.h>\n#endif\n\n#include \"libiberty.h\"\n\n/* This implementation relies on a working vasprintf. ", " */\nint\nvsnprintf (char *s, size_t n, const char *format, va_list ap)\n{\n char *buf = 0;\n int result = vasprintf (&buf, format, ap);\n\n if (!", "buf)\n return -1;\n if (result < 0)\n {\n free (buf);\n return -1;\n }\n\n result = strlen (buf);\n if (n > 0)\n {\n if ((long) n > result)\n\tmemcpy (s, buf, result+1);\n else\n {\n\t memcpy (s, buf, n-1);\n\t s[n - 1] = 0;\n\t}\n }\n free (buf);\n return result;\n}\n\n#ifdef TEST\n/* Set the buffer to a known state. ", " */\n#define CLEAR(BUF) do { memset ((BUF), 'X', sizeof (BUF)); (BUF)[14] = '\\0'; } while (0)\n/* For assertions. ", " */\n#define VERIFY(P) do { if (!(", "P)) abort(); } while (0)\n\nstatic int ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_3\ncheckit (char *s, size_t n, const char *format, ...)\n{\n int result;\n va_list ap;\n va_start (ap, format);\n result = vsnprintf (s, n, format, ap);\n va_end (ap);\n return result;\n}\n\nextern int main (void);\nint\nmain (void)\n{\n char buf[128];\n int status;\n \n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 10, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"foobar:9\\0XXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 9, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"foobar:9\\0XXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 8, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"foobar:\\0XXXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 7, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"foobar\\0XXXXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 6, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"fooba\\0XXXXXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 2, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"f\\0XXXXXXXXXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 1, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"\\0XXXXXXXXXXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n CLEAR (buf);\n status = checkit (buf, 0, \"%s:%d\", \"foobar\", 9);\n VERIFY (status==8 && memcmp (buf, \"XXXXXXXXXXXXXX\\0\", 15) == 0);\n\n return 0;\n}\n#endif /* TEST */\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0, 0.022727272727272728, 0, 0.0044444444444444444, 0.005494505494505495, 0.018867924528301886, 0.01834862385321101, 0.01834862385321101, 0.004761904761904762, 0.007142857142857143, 0.03225806451612903, 0.015873015873015872, 0, 0.011538461538461539, 0.007042253521126761, 0.011730205278592375, 0.017857142857142856, 0.030303030303030304, 0.0063025210084033615 ]

[ "if PAGE FOUR THE DAILY NEWS-LUDINGtON. ", "MICHIGAN. ", "WEDNESDAY, SEPT. ", "27,1939. ", "LUDINGTON DAILY NEWS Trademark Registered U. ft. ", "Patent Office with which is consolidated the Mason County Enterprise of hcottville, Mich. Published every evening, save Sunday, at The Daily News Building. ", "Rath Ave. ", "fet Court St., Lndinfton, Mich. Entered as second class matter at post office, LtttfiBfton, Mich., under act of March 3, 1897. ", "The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for repnblication of all n«WS dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the I local news published therein. ", "All right for republicatlon of special dispatches and local news items herein are also reserved. ", "triUTTEN TOR AND RELEASED BY CENTRAL PRESS ASSOCIATION by OPEN ARNOLD MEMBER OF Associated Press Audit Bureau of Circulation Inland Daily Press Association LECTURE SERIES A series of four outstanding 1 lectures, put together as an institute of internalional understanding, is being brought to tins community by Ludington Rotary club. ", "First lecture will be Tliui-sday night at Gray htill, to be followed by three other talks on succeeding Thursday evenings. ", "The sjxrakers. ", "it is apparent, are prominent men in their varying fields—far more prominent than customarily are found on lecture platforms in communities of this size. ", "By co-operating with Manistee, Oadillac and other nearby cities, it has been possible to \\vork out a plan of bringing them to this region for successive appearances in each of the co-operating cities. ", "Keynote of international understanding, it has often been said, is: .Judge 1 not the motives of neighbors of other nations; seek rather to understand them. ", "Thus the public forum series which starts Thursday night at Gray hall should prove a profitable and interesting exjwrience for local residents, one well deserving of their support. ", "NEW TRAFFIC CODE We're more especially concerned with those of this particular area, but all of Michigan's 2,000,000 motorists will do well to recall that the state has a new traffic law which becomes effective Thursday, Sept. 28. ", "Here, as a last-minute reminder to readers, is a quick summary: \"Stop\" signs mean STOP! ", "Right-hand turns on red light are prohibited. ", "If a green arrow is shown with the red light, vehicles may cautiously enter the intersection to make the movement indicated toy the arrow, tout must yield the right-of-way to other vehicles, and to pedestrians. ", "A flashing red arrow with the red light means that vehicles must first stop 'before making the right turn. ", "Pedestrians should cross streets on green light, although they may cross on red if they do not interfere with traffic. ", "When crossing on the green they have the right-of-way over turning vehicles. ", "Pedestrians must walk on the left side on rural highways, facing oncoming traffic. ", "When sidewalks are provided, it is unlawful for pedestrians to,walk on the main traveled portion of the highway. : ", "Tjventy-five miles per hour is the legal speed in both business and \"residential sections in cities and villages unless signs indicate the speed has been increased by local authorities. ", "Fifty miles per hour is the speed limit set up for trailer combinations when the towing vehicle is a passenger car. ", "It is unlawful to straddle lane lines on three and four lane highways or to drive into the far left lane of a three-lane highway or to cross the center line of a four-lane highway. ", "All vehicles should be parked parallel to and within 12 inches of the right-hand curb unless angle parking spaces are provided. ", "Except on one-way streets, vehicles shall not be parked at the left curb. ", "i Two-wheeled vehicles shall not toe ridden more than two i atoreast. ", "Packages must not toe. ", "carried which prevent the rider from keeping tooth hands on the handlebars. ", "No person shall be carried upon a toicycle or motorcycle other than upon a firmlv attached regular seat. ", "Hitching to other vehicles by those on bicycles skates, coasters or toy vehicles is unlawful. ", "CHAPTER FORTY-ONE SHOT ROGERS kept having to tell himself that patience is golden. ", ">Ie looked 1 of ten at the remuda, or glanced hungrily at saddled horses that stood near Luis Escobar's main tents. ", "He told himself that he could run to one of those horses and escape on it before any of the outlaw band knew what was happening; but he also told himself that he was lying. ", "The swarthy men who called themselves soldiers were in a measure just what they purported to be. ", "They could fight. ", "They had guns, and they could shoot They would love nothing better than the chance to kill him. ", "That he hadn't already been killed was something of a miracle, he realized. ", "When the men first surprised him with a challenge in the dark, he had offered no resistance. ", "That had saved his life even though it had infuriated him. ", "To have snapped for his own pistol and tried to fight his way clear then would have been worse than foolish, for he could not see his enemies and they could see him. ", "So when they had commanded \"Manos arriba!\" ", "he had obeyed—hands high. ", "This morning after breakfast Shot had been brought before the commandante himself. ", "Luis Escobar had been sitting in his headquarters tent, but had arisen and bowed formally, grinning in sarcasm. \"", "Senor!\" ", "he greeted Shot. \"", "Wai- come to these camp of Luis Angelito Fernand de Messila y Escobar!\" ", "The greeting surprised Shot Again. ", "Even though a dozen or more armed orderlies and others stood around, and two more escorted him from his makeshift jail, Shot slowly smiled at the man who now held him captive. ", "If he bucked, he told himself, he'd just be locked up or tied, or both. ", "Maybe he could outsmart Escobar. \"", "How are you?\" ", "Shot replied, affably. \"", "Nice morning.\" \"", "You lak thees weather, eh? ", "What you do here?\" \"", "That's what I'm wondering. ", "What have you imprisoned me for, mister?\" \"", "Como se llama usted?\" \"", "Sorry, You'll have to speak English. ", "I'm not used to this country.\" \"", "Where you leeve ? ", "Where Is your home? ", "What you do in Mexico?\" \"", "Oh. ", "Why, I'm from Wyoming.\" ", "Shot was thinking fast now. \"", "I, uh, well, I had a friend down here at Bisbee, and he invited me down o go javelina hunting, sir. ", "That's what I was doing, hunting javalina —your wild hogs, see?\" \"", "Uhm?\" ", "Escobar's eyebrows lifted. \"", "Nobody hont thee Javalina on foot, without rifle.\" \"", "That's all right. ", "I'm green In this country, I guess. ", "I got off my horse to get . ", "r i drink back there at a river and damm if the fool horse didn't run away from me. ", "I hunted around and found tracks where some cows and horses had been driven, so I followed. ", "Gosh, mister, I never had no idea anybody'd think I was an enemy, and lock me up this way. ", "Is it all right? ", "Can I go now?\" ", "Luis Escobar didn't answer him except to laugh loudly. \"", "What's funny?\" ", "Shot asked. \"", "You are fonny, senor. ", "You have thee good time lying, but three, four my men, they know you, Senor Rogers. ", "You brag muchisimo, how you catch Luis Escobar! ", "You leeve at Brazee rancho, then come here!\" ", "Escobar's laughter and geniality had vanished in an instant, and he arose from his chair in the vehemence of this speech. ", "Shot knew his bluff had failed. \"", "All right, kid,\" Shot sighed. \"", "Your deal.\" \"", "You make all thees talk about hont thee javalina—hah! ", "You hont Luis Escobar! ", "So! ", "You have find heem, aqui! ", "Now you work for heem!\" ", "Shot didn't answer. ", "He knew that it would be stupid to antagonize the man. ", "He just listened while Escobar ordered the soldiers to take Shot to the cooks to help with the menial tasks. \"", "There's just one point I maybe ought to mention.\" ", "Shot tried to be casual with it lest the anger in him now show too much. \"", "Holding an American citizen this way gets into, uh, international business, Escobar. ", "Mexico City and Washington, they might take up for me. ", "And—\" \"Vamos al diablo!\" ", "snapped Luis Escobar. \"", "Get out, pronto!\" ", "Shot's first task wasn't a difficult one. ", "He had to skin a steer that somebody brought in for food. ", "It was a job he had c'one before and on the whole he rather liked it, for it kept his hands and feet free and gave him an opportunity to study his surroundings. ", "Actually meeting Luis Escobar face to face was interesting to Shot. ", "Having sworn to kill or capture Escobar, he naturally was keen to see the man. ", "The tables had turned, but he at least had part of his wish fulfilled. \"", "I'll just lay low and pla my hand carefully,\" Shot told himself. '", "If a showdown comes, maybe I'll still get Escobar before they get me.\" ", "He reasoned that be could prob- ably snatch a pistol from some soldier's holstei and shoot Escobar before they could stop him. ", "He'd have that much accomplished, even though he paid with his life, as he surely would. ", "Maybe he could even use the butcher knife given him to skin and carve the steer. ", "He would prefer, as a matter of pleasure, to have a little setto with Escobar with his fists first. ", "Escobar was something of a grandee, as many another Mexican \"general\" has been. ", "A man .somewhat shorter than Shot, he was several years older, quite dark of skin, coal black hair—probably had a lot of Indian blood in him. ", "Shot realized —and was rather well dressed in a military uniform of no particular heritage. ", "Shot was unacquainted with uniforms, but he thought Escobar's looked more like a naval officer'^ than a general's; there were heavy gold or gilt doo-dads on the shoulders and on the breast, and there was a shiny sword at Escobar's side. \"", "I'd like to get my hands on that sword just once!\" ", "Shot mused. ", "Somehow that thought interested him deeply. ", "Escobar would probably come around some time to lord it over his captive again. ", "Maybe at the noon meal time. ", "Shot could appear crestfallen, scared, then maybe edge over close and— No, that was crazy thinking. ", "Planning to kill a man with his own sword. ", "Why, there'd be eight or ten quick-trigger thugs near him, of course, and Escobar's own hands wouldn't be tied. ", "No, he'd have to figure out something else. ", "He kept thinking of Lorena and that further angered him. ", "He hoped and prayed she could take care of herself, especially that she'd have sense enough to trek right on back home. ", "Probably she would. ", "They'd be plenty of howling; then an expedition, maybe even with American soldiers from Fort Huachucha. ", "But Escobar would escape anyway, having a small army of his own and plenty of spies. ", "It was when Shot had finished butchering two steers and was put to carrying fire wood that a better idea came to him. ", "He was tending an outdoor cook fire, splitting wood with an axe, when a bugler sounded what he knew to be mess call. ", "He figured that Escobar would come out then to check up on him and laugh at him some more. ", "Shot gripped the axe he held. \"", "Let him come!\" ", "he whispered to himself. \"", "I won't have to snatch his sword. ", "An axe is better than * sword any day!\" (", "To Be Continue*!) ", "THE HUNTER TRIO guest, Mrs. J. Pym, visited a number of friends Monday, farmer neighbors of Mrs. Pym, when her parents lived just east of Scottville. ", "They called on Mrs. Elta Kline, Mrs. Andrew Falconer, Mrs. William Falconer and Mrs. I. Erbaugh. ", "The eighth annual Harvest Home festival will have as one of its features on Thursday, Sept. 28. ", "the Hunter Trio from Wellston. ", "Mich. The trio, which has just returned from a 10,000-mile California network system at the •rood-will tour for Kiwanis clubs, exclusive Los Angeles Breakfast will appear at both the afternoon club. ", "and evening programs Thursday. ", "Besides covering 19 .states while entertaining Kiwanis clubs, the Hunter Trio appeared and entertained for the San Francisco World's fair and also were on the , The classes of Scottville high ! ", "school have held their elections ! ", "during the past few days and i the following have been elec- I ted: i Seniors — President, Norma Peterson; vice president. ", "Ber, nice Odean; secretary, Virginia , Olson; treasurer, Kenneth Mil] ler and student council, Anna , Hissong. ", "i Juniors — President, Max !", "Rahn; vice president, Phyllis 1 Andersen; secretary, George j Kintner; treasurer, Herbert i Bortell and student council, i Chris Sorensen. ", "j Sophomores — President, ; Jeanne Claveau; vice president, Fred Reader; secretary, Gloria i Hosier; treasurer, Don Wallace and student council, Harold Merrill. ", "Freshmen — President, Bur- .. ton Howe; vice president, Gail*\\ Beebe: secretary, Marguerite Germany; treasurer, Alpha Sanders and student council, held in the evening. ", "There is room for more members and anyone interested may attend. ", "Myers Family Reunion Enjoyed At State Park The Myers lamiiy reunion was held at the State park at Ludington, Sept. 24. ; ", "The day wa.s spent in visiting. . ", "playing ball and other games ,ind also enjoying the delicious picnic dinner. ", "Those takine. ", "part were Mr. and Mrs. John Bidwell and family rnd Mr. and Mrs. Victor Bidweil. -, ", "from south of Scottvillc; Mr. and Mrs. William Schook and family. ", "Mr. and Mrs. John Myers, M.'. ( ", "and Mrs. Lawrence Swan and : family. ", "Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Le- 'mire and family. ", "Mr. and Mrs. 'Leo Yeck and family. ", "Mr. and .Mrs. ", "David Statler and two chil- idren, Mr. and Mr.s. ", "Elwood Myers and two children and Mr. and Mrs. William Myers and two ; children. ", "Eighth grade — Donald Kieth; vice La Verne Brower; was presented with a collective | -Marjory Gerbers; gift. ", "Present were Mesdames Lawrence Mattix. ", "Clara Miller. ", "Norn McTaggart. ", "John Filbrun. ", "Fritz Pappe, W. J. Forbes. ", "Toll Grubb, Mrs. Keith, honoree. ", "and Mr.s. ", "Musford. ", "hostess. ", "Miss Cora Galiaugher wa.s unable to attend. ", "President, president, secretary, treasurer, Martin Sincoff and student council, Donna Ferris. ", "Rotary Club Has Meeting on Monday S. E. Breens Present j Library with Books; i The public library was enrich-; ed thi.s week by 18 volumes prc-; senteci by Mr. and Mr.s. ", "Seeley E. ; They include poems, fiction, i history and other works. ", "i Mrs\" C. M. Fisher, librarian, L-i •' proud of the splendid .selection i .she is now able to offer the read- i ins public. ", "j Scottville Locals Floyd Wever left Sunday for; Ionia where he has entered the furniture store owned by hi.s uncle. ", "Hiram Wever. ", "He plans; to remain the-re i: the work! ", "proves to hi.s liking and Mrs.; George Kribs, B. B. Patterson and R. B. Buchanan of Ludington were guests at the Rotary meeting at Scottville Monday '.'Veiling. ", "Announcements were made of the series of lectures to be given at Ludington this week and the invitation extended to those who were able to attend them. ", "Frank Corn-stock, president of the Western Michigan R.E.A., Slave an interesting talk on the work of the organization and the extent to which it has grown In the county. ", "The excellent supper wa.s served under the direction of the Imance committee of the Parent-Teacher association. '", "BOOSTER NIGHT' Amber sleds, roller IN THE NEWS 20 YEARS AGO This may turn out to be Thanksgivings are needed. ", "just the year when two \"Different\" Ulcer Menaces Elderly By LOGAN CLENDENING. ", "M. D. PEPTIC ULCER, or, as it is now so generally called, ulcer of the stomach, is essentially a disease of younger people. ", "In a large series of patients, most of the cases among women occurred between the ages of 15 and 25, and in men from 25 to. ", "35. ", "When the symptoms of ulcer occur in elderly people, or, indeed, the symptoms of any stomach disorder, the suspicion of cancer or gall bladder trouble, not ulcer, is aroused. ", "But there is a type of ulcer that is not uncommon among elderly people; it is named by Soper. \"", "arterio- Dr. Clendening will answer questions of general interest only, and then only through hi* column. ", "sclerotic ulcer.\" ", "It is small and the usual symptoms of ulcer, such as hunger pain and relief by food, are absent. ", "Instead, the patient complains of \"gas\" and vague indigestion. ", "It is unquestionably due to primary damage of the blood vessels— the ulcer itself is secondary. ", "Different Treatment The treatment is different from ordinary ulcer. ", "The diet should not consist of the high caloric, high cholesterol regimen. ", "For such cases j» special diet list has been formu lated, and it has proved very efficacious. ", "The trouble, under this diet, heals within four to six weeks, as a rule. ", "The diet is protective in character, with a low cholesterol content Alkalis, such as soda bicarbonate which are used so often in the common type, of ulcer, are not em ployed. ", "Sometimes small doses of thyroid extract can be given. ", "The diet is M follows: flr»o/c/aat—One glass cool water pon arising (drink slowly); cream Wheat, farina, corn flakes; break It food in juice of .stewed fruit ' *''' ' \\ in orangetyuice; grape WMT honey; toast and \" Miss Dorothy Heysett and | Miss Esther Skoog left for East Lansing to resume their stud- > ies as a Junior and Senior, re- | spectively, at Michigan State college. ", "15 Years Ago Proposed additions to the I Ludington high school building were presented to the school board for approval. ", "SCOTTVILLE News From Mason County's Second Largest City, Agricultural and Dairying Center MRS. ", "FRANK BARCLAY, Correspondent (Telephone: Office, No. ", "1; Home, 126-F-14.) ", "anned vegetables and fruits; trained vegetables; rice, well ooked; potatoes, well mashed; thin ry toast and nucoa; fruit jellies; ruit ices with meringue; gelatin; ngel food cake or any light dessert made without egg yolk; all desserts made with white of egg. ", "At 4-B P. M. — One glass coo) ater. ", "Dinner —Same as lunch. ", "No meat soups or gravies. ", "All food must be well cooked. ", "Avoid all con- i iments, such as mustard, horse- | adish, catsup, pepper, etc. ", "Avoid ot foods and drinks. ", "Use sugar and alt in moderation. ", "DRINK COOL WATER (slowly), as often as de- ired. ", "10 Years Ago Dr. and Mrs. W. H. Force motored to Louisville, Ky., where Mrs. Force was to attend the national convention of American Legion auxiliaries. ", "5 Years Ago Miss Dorothy Fitch left for Kalamazoo where she had accepted a position as instructor at the Parsons Business school. ", "The Scottville Women's Study club met Monday for the first meeting of the season which took the form of a 1 o'clock luncheon served at the home of Mrs. Earl Gordon on North Main (Meeting Held by Extension Class The Scottville Extension class met Tuesday afternoon at Community hall for the first lesson of the year. ", "Mesdames J. Jay Cox and John Lake gave the Mrs. C. McFarland Feted on Birthday | Mrs. Cheslev McFarland cele- : . ", "brated a birthday anniversary Sunday. ", "Sept. 24, and on Satur- | cay afternoon Mrs. Carl Olson | and Mr.s. ", "Charles Hartmann came to spend the afternoon with her, both ladie.s bringing prettily decorated birthday • cake.s which ' were enjoyed. ", "Mrs. Minnie Long isent beautiful flowers. ", "| On Sunday Mr. and Mr.s. ", "Mc- iFarland and their houseguest. '", "Mrs. J. Pym, of Seattle. ", "Wash.; Mr. and Mr.s. ", "David Falconer and Mr. and Mrs. Don McFarland were guests at dinner at the Harry McFarland home in Fountain. ", "Mrs. McFarland received n number of nice gifts, among them store where one hold eve- hall. ", "and is Invited to come and Grange will Saturday at Amber Mrs. Clwslcy McFarland and supper. ", "lesson in a very pleasing man-! ", "a pretty gift selected for her by '< ner and Mrs. Peter Van Hoesen! ", "the grandchildren, children of I served as chairman of the day. ", "jMr. ", "and Mrs. Harry McFarland. ", "i The lesson was \"Color, the | _. . '_. . \" \"", "~ ; , i Master Key to Beauty\" and wa.s i I ,hjh Km PrtRlIlPn • ably presented by the leaders. ", "J^ 1UU ^\"ICl UUHCU by Mrs. E. Mugf ord Fire, Life and Auto Insurance Don't Neglect Your Insurance! ", "If You Are Not Fully Protected, Call or See Me at Once. ", "INSURANCE—ALL LINES Lowest Rater., ", "Unexcelled Satisfactory Adjustments. ", "Service with Prompt and Before renewing your present policy, get my rate*. ", "I may be able to save you considerable money. ", "Automobile Insurance may be had on the Monthly Payment Plan. ", "EMIL NEWBERG Abstract Bldg. ", "Business Phone INSURANCE AGENCY 120 S. James Street Residence Phone 792 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS J. A. M.: \"What is the cause of a lack and blue spot? ", "As soon as 1 bang or slightly touch my flesh against something, I get one.\" ", "Answer—A black and blue spot is lue to rupture of small capillary )lood vessels and the extravasation of blood outside them into tissue spaces. ", "The extruvasated blood goes through a succession of chemical changes in which red, blue, yellow and green pigments are formed. :", "iving the illumination to the scene. ", "Treatment by the well-known cold aeef steak, in spite of impassioned popular support, is of no value whatever. ", "Inquirer: \"Please state whether cancer is contagious. ", "Also what are the first symptoms?\" ", "Answer—Cancer has been proved not to be contagious by every means known. ", "People who live with cancerous people do not get it. ", "Surgeons and nurses who touch cancer tissues do not get it. ", "Cancer tissue has been transplanted under the skin of other people without transmitting it. ", "The first symptoms depend on the location of the cancer. ", "On the akin It usually appears as a dry, rough, painless scaling; the Menus of the Day street, with Mrs. Gordon and, The fc j - m Mrs. Harriett Meads acting as a j *\" tn |f e f ^^ w \\\" the topic | committee on arrangements, j £ eingc .1^^ in Bedspreads.\" ", "March 5 and 6 the lesson By MRS. ", "ALEXANDER GEORGE (Associated Press Staff Writer) Chopped Steak '/a pound ham- '• burger \". ", "1 cup cooked corn 2 tablespoons chopped onions ','4 cup chopped celery Casserole '•i teaspoon salt '.i teaspoon paprika 1 cup tomatoes *v cup boiling water 3 tablespoons butter , r -— • I • -•-• ---- '— ~w~»»*£,, V4.V breast as a lump, usually painless: in the uterus as abnormal bleeding. ", "BDITOB'S NOTE; Dr. CUndenlmr hu ••vra pwophl.t, which e.n b. oluinid b» •m. ", "SUch jwmpblw .«lb fo? ", "10 cenu. ", "Mix the ingredients and bake 25 minutes in a moderate oven. ", "Serve in the dish used in baking. ", "Chili Relish '/4 cup chill sauce 1 tablespoon 1 tablespoon chopped onions catsup 2 tablespoons 1 tablespoon horseradish chopped olives '/a teaspoon salt Mix ingredients. ", "Store in a covered bowl in the refrigerator. ", "Mashed Turnips 4 cups cubed raw 4 tablespoons turnips butter 2 quarts boiling ij, teaspoon water pepper \\'x teaspoon salt ' Boil the turnips in boiling, salted water until they are tender when tested with a fork. (", "Be careful not to over cook or they will turn brown.) ", "Drain thoroughly. ", "Mash until very soft. ", "Let simmer, to remove excess water. ", "Add the rest of the ingredients. ", "Reheat. ", "Bran Bread cenu. ", "out pamphlet d«(r«d. ", "tend 10 \" thrMtcroi ttornp, Cl»nd«nln«. ", "In ear* of thl. ", "to Dr. CoruUp.", "Ho • 2 cups flour 1 cup bran 1 teaspoon soda 1 teaspoon baking powder 1 teaspoon salt % cup brown sugar 1 egg ','2 cup nuts (optional) V/2 cups sour milk (or buttermilk) 2 tablespoons fat, melted Mix the ingredients. ", "Pour into greased loaf pan. ", "Bake for one hour in a moderately slow oven. ", "They were assisted by Mrs. I. Hunt in preparing the luncheon. ", "Following the luncheon, the meeting was called to order by the president, Mr.s. ", "Frank Barclay, who greeted the old and new members. ", "Roll call was re- will be \"Planning Background.\" ", "Members pictures of are asked to 'bedspreads, The South Side Birthday club SuTtable; cn J°y e d a delightful evening at ! ", "the Earl Mugford home recently when Mr.s. ", "Mugford served as hostess in honor of the birthday bring notebooks, thread, needles, thimble, measuring tape, ruler and a „ . . ", "ruler spomled to by giving safety slo- piece of unbleached material, 6 gans. ", "Under new business the j by 6 inches. ", "conservation meetings being it was decided to hold the held at Ludington Tuesday and | meetings one week after the today were discussed and it wa.si meeting of the county leaders decided that all who could, would attend the meetings.. The district meeting to be held at Traverse City on Oct. 3 and 4 was announced and Mrs. Barclay was elected delegate to attend, with Mrs. W. G. Alway and Mrs. J. T. O'Hearn as alternates.! ", "The names of Mesdames F. J. Reader, Jr., Leslie Bragg and Milo Wilson were presented for membership and were elected. ", "During the afternoon, Mrs. J. T. O'Hearn, delegate to the state convention held last spring, gave her report of the various meetings and activities, bringing a most splendid report of the work done and of new things offered the clubs for programs and for study. ", "Mrs. O'Hearn's report touched on the study of international relations, which is one of the topics suggested for thought this year. ", "She will give more of this topic at a later meeting. ", "The club decided to purchase a small flag and standard to be used at the club meetings. ", "Mrs. George Mack was delegated to purchase the flag. ", "The club plans to make use of the club magazine this year, selecting timely topics for discussion and thought. ", "The next meeting of the club will be held Monday, Oct 2. ", "at the home of Mrs. William Wager on West State street. ", "and the next meeting will be anniversary of Mr.s. ", "John Keith. ", "The evenine; was spent in games, with Mrs. Clara Miller and Mrs. Keith winning honors and Mrs. W. J. Forbes holding the low score. ", "During the evening a luncheon was served and the honor guest WELCOME Tolw ' rasl STAR Home Festival SCOTTOLLE \"AIR CONDITIONED\" THURSDAY-FRIDAY—Double Feature Program CHICAGO'S NEWEST HOTEL OFFERS —Tub Bath or Shower in Every Room —Free Radio Loud Speaker —Circulating Ice Water GARAGE—With Direct Entrance to Hotel $3.OO Double $2.0O Single RATES from 400 Rooms—Fireproof HARRISON HOTEL HARRISON STREET (Just off Michigan Boulevard) ANDREW C. WEISBURG, Pres. ", "Edward W. Jacks, Mgr. ", "Illustrated booklet sent upon request Under Same Management Los Altos Apt. ", "Hotel—Los Angeles, Cal. ", "PRESTON LYNN FOSTER-BARI RUSSELL GLEASON OEOROE BARBIER EDDIE COLLINS MINOR WATSON A 20th C«»lury-f«» Pl<lu» tVERUM WITH «lt CWOK « COtUMX* OIATIII HA> —And— Colored Cartoon Shows 6:45-9:30 Admission 25c-10c LAST TIMES TONIGHT—\"DAUGHTERS COURAGEOUS\" With John Garfield & The LANE SISTERS Shows 7:QjO\" ( 9$5, Admission 25c-10c FESTIVAL FREE SHOW THURSDAY & FRIDAY AFERNOONS 1:00-6:00 p. m. (Change of Program each daV) '. ", "f ..,.«" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.02564102564102564, 0.1, 0.058823529411764705, 0, 0.02040816326530612, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.015748031496062992, 0.005076142131979695, 0, 0.011976047904191617, 0.008130081300813009, 0, 0, 0.009950248756218905, 0, 0.0055248618784530384, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008620689655172414, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008849557522123894, 0, 0, 0.013888888888888888, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0, 0.029411764705882353, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.01, 0, 0, 0.03571428571428571, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0, 0, 0.011904761904761904, 0.020833333333333332, 0, 0.00819672131147541, 0, 0, 0, 0.018518518518518517, 0.043478260869565216, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.00909090909090909, 0, 0, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0, 0.043478260869565216, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.014705882352941176, 0.012658227848101266, 0, 0, 0.014084507042253521, 0.007874015748031496, 0, 0, 0.01, 0.0125, 0, 0, 0.008403361344537815, 0, 0, 0, 0.0125, 0, 0, 0, 0.008928571428571428, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0, 0.01098901098901099, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.013333333333333334, 0.041237113402061855, 0.010416666666666666, 0.03225806451612903, 0, 0, 0.005154639175257732, 0, 0.008130081300813009, 0.036036036036036036, 0.03571428571428571, 0.04316546762589928, 0.024844720496894408, 0.023809523809523808, 0, 0.03305785123966942, 0, 0, 0, 0.03614457831325301, 0.015151515151515152, 0.03125, 0.02702702702702703, 0.023809523809523808, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0.04081632653061224, 0.024691358024691357, 0.01834862385321101, 0.02564102564102564, 0.07142857142857142, 0.0625, 0.07142857142857142, 0.07407407407407407, 0.06060606060606061, 0, 0.1111111111111111, 0, 0.022727272727272728, 0.02127659574468085, 0, 0.014705882352941176, 0, 0.008547008547008548, 0.07692307692307693, 0, 0.024844720496894408, 0.006578947368421052, 0.011764705882352941, 0.008849557522123894, 0.00909090909090909, 0, 0.008064516129032258, 0, 0, 0, 0.010526315789473684, 0.009433962264150943, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005714285714285714, 0, 0.010554089709762533, 0.01652892561983471, 0.021052631578947368, 0, 0, 0.007692307692307693, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.012658227848101266, 0, 0, 0, 0.026143790849673203, 0.023076923076923078, 0.00949367088607595, 0.02631578947368421, 0, 0.014705882352941176, 0.014705882352941176, 0.023809523809523808, 0.038461538461538464, 0, 0.04, 0.047619047619047616, 0.027522935779816515, 0.01098901098901099, 0.010869565217391304, 0, 0.014705882352941176, 0, 0, 0.038461538461538464, 0, 0.010638297872340425, 0.010101010101010102, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0, 0, 0.01639344262295082, 0.03571428571428571, 0.02027027027027027, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0.02197802197802198, 0.0034482758620689655, 0.039473684210526314, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.058823529411764705, 0.047619047619047616, 0.05, 0, 0.07142857142857142, 0.009216589861751152, 0, 0, 0.016129032258064516, 0, 0.019230769230769232, 0, 0, 0.023809523809523808, 0.0078125, 0, 0, 0.007075471698113208, 0.025423728813559324, 0.003816793893129771, 0.007633587786259542, 0, 0, 0.018867924528301886, 0, 0, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0.08333333333333333, 0.022900763358778626, 0.004347826086956522, 0.045454545454545456, 0.013333333333333334, 0.041666666666666664, 0.014251781472684086, 0 ]

[ "Lennox signed with the Boston Red Sox for a $100,000 bonus in August 2006. ", "He hit .333/.364/.476 in the 2008 Claxton Shield but was 0-2 with a 9.35 ERA on the hill. ", "He made his minor league debut with the 2008 GCL Red Sox, used as a pitcher despite his better hitting than pitching back in Australia. ", "He was 2-3 with a 3.94 ERA in eight outings, walking only two in 16 innings.", "\n\nIn the 2009 Claxton Shield, he walked five and allowed one run in 1 2/3 innings. ", "Back with the GCL Red Sox that summer, the right-hander went 2-2 with a save and a 3.47 ERA and again showed better control than he had in Australia, with only two free passes in 23 1/3 innings. ", "Despite a 3.66 ERA after two minor league seasons, the Red Sox cut him loose in the off-season." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.013333333333333334, 0.011111111111111112, 0, 0.013157894736842105, 0.012048192771084338, 0, 0.010526315789473684 ]

[ "The present invention relates to a communication apparatus, typically a facsimile apparatus. ", "More specifically, the invention relates to a communication apparatus which has an extension-line connector to be connected to a private branch exchange and an external-line connector to be connected to external lines, and which is capable of communicating separately with extension station and external station.", "\nThere have conventionally been proposed facsimile apparatuses which are provided with two sets of communication control units and an extension-line connector and an external-line connector so as to be able to separately communicate with an external station and extension station. ", "Hereinafter, a brief description will be given of such a facsimile apparatus.", "\nFIG. ", "1 is a block diagram of such a facsimile apparatus. ", "In the drawing, thick arrows indicate a flow of data, while thin arrows indicate a flow of a control signal.", "\nA scanner 1 and a printer 2 are connected to a data control unit 3, which is connected to a bus 4. ", "Two sets of communication control units 5A, 5B are connected to an NCU 8 via a distributor 7, and also to the bus 4.", "\nThe NCU 8 is provided with an extension-line connector 15 to be connected to a PBX (private branch exchange) 19 and an external-line connector 16 to be connected to external lines. ", "The NCU 8 is adapted to send a call via the external-line connector 16 usually.", "\nThe communication control units 5A and 5B are respectively provided with buffers 12A and 12B, data companders 13A and 13B, and buffers 14A and 14B, and are adapted to compress image information to be transmitted which is transferred from the scanner 1 or a large-capacity memory 9 or expand image information received via the NCU 8 and the distributor 7, in accordance with a prescribed method.", "\nThe large-capacity memory 9 for storing image information to be transmitted or image information received and a system control unit 10 for controlling the facsimile apparatus are also connected to the bus 4.", "\nThe system control unit 10 has an abbreviated-dialing-number storage means 10A in which abbreviated dialing numbers for use in calling an external station via the external-line connector 16 are registered.", "\nConnected to the system control unit 10 is a panel 11 which is provided with an extension button 11A for accessing the PBX 19 by selecting the extension-line connector 15, abbreviated-dialing buttons 11B for sending a call to an external station using an abbreviated dialing number, a ten-key pad 11C for dialing, and other various operating means, various display units, etc.", "\nFIG. ", "2 shows the operation of the facsimile apparatus having the above-described arrangement in the case where an attempt is made to communicate with an external station by operating one of the abbreviated-dialing buttons 11B when a communication is already being carried out with another external station via the external-line connector 16.", "\nIn FIG. ", "2, if it is first judged in Step S1 that one of the abbreviated-dialing buttons llB has been depressed, it is judged in Step S2 whether or not a communication is already going with an external station via the external-line connector 16.", "\nIf a communication is being conducted with no external stations, the external-line connector 16 is selected in Step S3, a dialing number which has been selected by the abbreviated-dialing button llB is read out from the abbreviated-dialing-number storage means 10A in Step S5, and a call is initiated.", "\nThen, in Step S6, either of the communication control units 5A, 5B which is not being used for any communication is selected, and is connected to the call-initiated external station.", "\nIf it is judged in Step S2 that a communication is going with an external station, it is judged in Step S7 whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed. ", "After the lapse of that time, the processing returns to Step S2, and it is again judged whether or not a communication is being made with an external station. ", "If a communication is not being made with any external stations, the external-line connector 16 is selected and a call is initiated.", "\nHowever, the above-described prior art apparatus has the following problem. ", "If an attempt is made to communicate with an external station when a communication is already going with another external station via the external-line connector 16, the attempt is placed in a waiting state until the communication started earlier is completed." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.1111111111111111, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The slats in these are pretty much the same dimension as the real wood slats. . ", "I was always replacing the mini blinds in our sunroom. ", "I bought a set at and another store but the Better Homes brand looked way better and were\n\nWood Slats: Wood Slats can be cleaned with a damp cloth. ", "Furniture polish can be used inspected before shipping. ", "Hampton Bay offers a Limited Lifetime Warranty against defects in materials and repair it at no charge. ", "This limited lifetime\n\nContact Us\n\nYou can contact our head-office directly, also you can contact our agent which is near you. ", "Of course, free live-chat is available and you can get help immediately.", "\nPhone : 86-21-61182468\nAddress : N0.2500,Xiupu Road, Kangqiao Industrial Area, Pudong, Shanghai vip@shanghaiwpc.com" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0.02027027027027027, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008620689655172414 ]

[ "Tony Abbott admits being drunk in Parliament for vital vote\n\nThe admission will be satisfying for Wayne Swan, who has long claimed Abbott was drunk. ", "Credits: Video - Australian Parliament; Image - AAP\n\nFormer Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott has finally admitted sleeping through an important vote in 2009 after a night of excessive drinking.", "\n\nOn an upcoming episode of TV show The House, Mr Abbott admitted he was inebriated and had passed out at his office in Parliament, causing him to miss voting on a proposed solution to the global financial crisis (GFC).", "\n\nMr Abbott had never previously confirmed that alcohol was the main reason he missed the vote. ", "Originally, he said he was asleep in his office because he had been helping with bushfire recovery efforts four nights earlier and hadn't yet caught up on sleep.", "\n\nHe also shut down a journalist in 2009 who asked if he had been drunk, telling the Sunday Telegraph it was an \"impertinent question\" before hanging up.", "\n\nBut now, it appears Mr Abbott has decided to come clean. ", "He toldThe House host Annabel Crabb that he and two other MPs had indeed drunk too much the night before the GFC vote.", "\n\n\"There was one famous occasion when Peter Costello, Kevin Andrews and I hung out rather a long time here,\" Mr Abbott explained.", "\n\n\"I think quite a few bottles of wine were consumed by the three of us. ", "Peter was close to leaving at that stage, and I think all of us were in a mellow and reflective mood, so the reflections went on for longer, and later, than they should have.", "\n\n\"The impact was rather greater than it should have been. ", "I think I famously slept through several divisions.", "\n\n\"I lay down, and the next thing I knew it was morning.\"", "\n\nThe admission will be a satisfying revelation for Australian politician Wayne Swan, who over the years has repeatedly called Mr Abbott out for being drunk that night.", "\n\nThe full episode of The House, from which Mr Abbott's comments were taken, airs in Australia on September 5." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.020134228187919462, 0.010101010101010102, 0.0091324200913242, 0, 0, 0, 0.01694915254237288, 0.025423728813559324, 0.015503875968992248, 0, 0.005747126436781609, 0, 0, 0, 0.005952380952380952, 0.00909090909090909 ]

[ "Producer of O'Reilly Factor ambushes Moyers at conference\n\n\"The O’Reilly Factor\" producer Porter Barry attempted to harshly question journalist Bill Moyers about why he refuses to appear on \"The O’Reilly Factor\" during this weekend's National Conference on Media Reform.", "\n\nIn raw footage captured by The Uptake, Barry asks Moyers several times why he won't appear on the show and then tells Moyers what he thinks of his work.", "\n\n\"You like to beat up on producers instead of answering questions from tough journalists like Bill O'Reilly,\" Barry said.", "\n\nMoyers responded by questioning O'Reilly's experience as a reporter and the validity of a news station owned by Rupert Murdoch.", "\n\n\"I want to ask Bill O'Reilly why he looked in the camera and said anybody who spoke against the invasion was a bad American,\" Moyers said." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.014814814814814815, 0.012987012987012988, 0.01639344262295082, 0.015503875968992248, 0.007142857142857143 ]

[ "Speaking in Tongues\n\nThe other day I heard about an interesting-sounding film called Speaking in Tongues, which tackles issues surrounding bilingual education in the USA, and follows four American children who are being educated in immersion programs in San Francisco. ", "Two of children are in immersion programs to retain their native languages while learning English, and the other two are learning other languages through the programs. ", "It demonstrates the practical benefits of being bilingual and dispels some of the myths. ", "In part it is a reaction to the ‘English only’ movements that have sprung up in many parts of the USA.", "\n\nThere’s also a blog which discusses the film and the issues it addresses.", "\n\n3 Responses to Speaking in Tongues\n\nI don’t know exactly what the “English only” act implies, but there is something to say for using one language the official one in a country. ", "That should not have anything to do with which language you speak at your home or which languages you’re taught.", "\n\nJust dug up some numbers of population and main languages… The US has 310 million people (English 82%, Spanish 11%), Germany 81 million (German 96%), the Netherlands less than 17 million (Dutch 91%, Frysian 3%, Limburgs 5%), Switzerland less than 8 million (German 64%, French 20%, Italian 4%, Romansh 1%). ", "No correlation between population and number of languages, which is interesting.", "\n\nHere in the Netherlands, there are several organisations keeping the Frysian language alive, making sure it’s on the sign posts, etc. ", "But it’s still part of the Netherlands. ", "Street signs should be in Dutch, people at state organisations should speak Dutch. ", "So you know what to expect when you go there, a part of the Netherlands.", "\n\nBut that doesn’t mean the Frysian language should not be taught at school." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006472491909385114, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.013157894736842105 ]

[ "I can't thank you enough for your devotion and sensitivity toward the security needs of our beautiful children.", "I buy your entertaining books for my three grandchildren who take the moral of your stories to heart. ", "I love your new website Cherrye and will visit often to keep up with your wonderful works!", "\n\nMarion P., August 9, 2017\n\nDr. Cherrye...you are a wonderful resource for parents who are struggling to find the best ways to support our little ones at school and outdoors.", "\n\nAngie B., July 3, 2017\n\nI just purchased your latest edition of No Tildes on Tuesday as a birthday gift for my daughter. ", "I confess, I read through it first and couldn't put it down. ", "I highly recommend it as back to school reading to prepare our kids for diversity and language issues in the classroom.", "Shari M., May 20, 2017\n\nHoping my remarks reach your desk because I offer reassurance that you are performing an essential service to parents and children and from reading your site, educators as well. ", "I bought your Christmas book for my twins at Christmas and so far, it must have been read at least a dozen times, even well into January. ", "Keep up the good work Dr. Vasquez! ", "I`ll continue to follow you and recommend you to my P.A. group!" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0.005714285714285714, 0.008130081300813009, 0, 0, 0.0049504950495049506, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nHow to get the respective funtion to be triggered when the respective element is clicked when one element is a parent?", "\n\nWhen I click the icon the clickIcon() funtion should trigger and when I click the button the clickBtn() fuction should trigger. ", "What is happening now is the icon click is being triggered as I want but when on button click both fuction is triggered.", "\nWhat I want is only the respective function should trigger on click. ", "How to get the respective funtion to be triggered when the respective element is clicked?", "\n\nclickBtn = () => {\r\n console.log(\"btn click\")\r\n}\r\n\r\nclickIcon = () => {\r\n console.log(\"img click\")\r\n}\n.icon {\r\n position: relative;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n width: 200px;\r\n height: 200px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.icon>.buttons {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n left: 0;\r\n right: 0;\r\n top: 0;\r\n bottom: 0;\r\n opacity: 0;\r\n padding: 10px;\r\n background-color: rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.7);\r\n display: flex;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n align-items: flex-end;\r\n transition: all 0.3s ease;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.icon:hover>.buttons {\r\n opacity: 1;\r\n}\n<div class=\"icon\" (click)=\"clickIcon()\">\r\n <div id=\"folderView\">\r\n <i class=\"fa fa-folder\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size: 3em; color: #ddc808;\"></i>\r\n <p>Folder</p>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"buttons\">\r\n <button (click)=\"clickBtn()\">Action 1</button>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\n\nA:\n\nIf you pass the event to your button click handler, you can invoke event.stopPropagation() on it to prevent it from bubbling up to the containing element.", "\n\nclickBtn = (e) => {\r\n e.stopPropagation(); // prevent event from bubbling up to container\r\n console.log(\"btn click\")\r\n}\r\n\r\nclickIcon = () => {\r\n console.log(\"img click\")\r\n}\n.icon {\r\n position: relative;\r\n overflow: hidden;\r\n width: 200px;\r\n height: 200px;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.icon>.buttons {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n left: 0;\r\n right: 0;\r\n top: 0;\r\n bottom: 0;\r\n opacity: 0;\r\n padding: 10px;\r\n background-color: rgba(50, 50, 50, 0.7);\r\n display: flex;\r\n flex-direction: column;\r\n align-items: flex-end;\r\n transition: all 0.3s ease;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.icon:hover>.buttons {\r\n opacity: 1;\r\n}\n<div class=\"icon\" onclick=\"clickIcon(event)\">\r\n <div id=\"folderView\">\r\n <i class=\"fa fa-folder\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size: 3em; color: #ddc808;\"></i>\r\n <p>Folder</p>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"buttons\">\r\n <button onclick=\"clickBtn(event)\">Action 1</button>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0020920502092050207, 0.0011363636363636363 ]

[ "Asterinella\n\nAsterinella is a genus of fungi in the Microthyriaceae family. ", "It is commonly found on decaying leaves or dead plants.", "\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nIndex Fungorum\n\nCategory:Microthyriales" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.02631578947368421, 0, 0 ]

[ "Parakanchia\n\nParakanchia is a genus of moths in the subfamily Lymantriinae.", "\n\nReferences\nNatural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database\n\nCategory:Lymantriinae" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.02666666666666667, 0 ]

[ "Gary Ingram\n\nGary Ingram (November 29, 1933 – November 30, 2017) was an American politician who served in the Idaho House of Representatives from 1973 to 1980, and again in 2012.", "\n\nIngram moved to Coeur d'Alene, Idaho from St. Paul, Minnesota in 1961. ", "He was first elected to the Idaho House of Representatives in 1973. ", "The next year, Ingram authored the Open Meetings Law. ", "He won reelection three times and left office in 1980. ", "Ingram served a portion of representative Kathleen Sims' term in 2012. ", "He died of cancer on November 30, 2017, at the age of 84.", "\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:1933 births\nCategory:2017 deaths\nCategory:Idaho Republicans\nCategory:Members of the Idaho House of Representatives\nCategory:People from Coeur d'Alene, Idaho\nCategory:Politicians from Saint Paul, Minnesota" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.011235955056179775, 0.0136986301369863, 0.014705882352941176, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0.028169014084507043, 0, 0.01762114537444934 ]

[ "[Locked] Season 11 Patch Preview\n\n343 Industries\n\nLet me start by saying - This is NOT a final list. ", "It is a work in progress and is very subject to change.**Updated 6/28 6:00 PDT\"Hey Community - we want to be as transparent as possible in regards to what our team's proposed changes are going to be. ", "Below are all items we are currently working on or have implemented so far. ", "Some have numbers attached while others don't at this time and that's because we are working towards finding what a good change should be. ", "Now we know there are about a million things everyone will want to see added to this list and I know you will post them in the comments, but this is a large list so far of things we can tackle right now. ", "We are working quickly to get these into your hands. ", "Take a look - give feedback - be civil.", "\n\nFixed an issue that would cause Best Offense to make Isabel’s Scorpions weaker.", "Anders Spartan Douglas’ Rocket Launcher AoE ring reduced from a radius of 10 to 8.Sentinel Synergy now swapped with Sentinel Network on the Radial.", "Sentinel Network cost increased from 500/250 to 650/450Sentinel Network cooldown increased by 20 secondsDecimus Boundless SiphonEffectiveness of Siphon on Banshees reduced significantly.", "Once again affects the Warlord.", "Shipmaster Displacement radius reducedRaid has been reduced to 2 PointsForge Forgehog\n\nODST - Iron\n\nMy boy Voridus is finally getting love.", "\n\nPls buff Grenadiers substantially. ", "I think that them not filling the void that Suis leave is the reason why Voridus just isn't good.", "\n\nHowever, I would be against buffing his Hero. ", "I play a lot of Voridus, and I build the Hero every game. ", "He's tanky, fast, and is a goo faucet. ", "You could buff his DPS, but at that point I think he'd be good at one too many things.", "\n\n343 Industries\n\nPls buff Grenadiers substantially. ", "I think that them not filling the void that Suis leave is the reason why Voridus just isn't good.", "\n\nHowever, I would be against buffing his Hero. ", "I play a lot of Voridus, and I build the Hero every game. ", "He's tanky, fast, and is a goo faucet. ", "You could buff his DPS, but at that point I think he'd be good at one too many things.", "\n\nWe are making Grenadiers more anti-infantry in this patch by giving them the correct modifiers and weapon type for them.", "\n\nRecruit - Gold\n\nPlease improve pathfinding/intelligence for all units especially Jump Pack Brutes. ", "Whenever I rush a base, they literally never attack the base and instead get baited by a squad of Marines. ", "They also never attack simultaneously or in a group- some just sit around.", "\n\nAnother glitch is the Scarab not firing when there's an enemy in its range. ", "It will charge the main cannon, but will stop if the enemy moves which usually ends up being a cat and mouse pissing contest. ", "Scarab should also get a damage/health buff as it's completely underwhelming at the moment.", "\n\nDropships continue to drop a building even if it was destroyed mid-construction.", "\n\nAlt-tabbing out of the game then returning will disable all actions in-game.", "\n\nBases blown up in the fog of war (whether by disconnection or defeat) should be destroyed live as opposed to being static. ", "Newly established bases can also overlap with destroyed ones in the fog of war if it isn’t cleared entirely.", "\n\nOn occasion, units will walk on air!", "\n\nScarabs will walk either sideways or upside down on vertical surfaces.", "\n\nCamera will reorient itself after defeat.", "\n\nFog of war will awkwardly move away when ascending or descending higher surfaces.", "\n\nUnits can phase through floors partially on some parts of the map.", "\n\nOrdering units to collect resources will sometimes cause them to stop moving.", "\n\nRecruit - Iron\n\nPls buff Grenadiers substantially. ", "I think that them not filling the void that Suis leave is the reason why Voridus just isn't good.", "\n\nHowever, I would be against buffing his Hero. ", "I play a lot of Voridus, and I build the Hero every game. ", "He's tanky, fast, and is a goo faucet. ", "You could buff his DPS, but at that point I think he'd be good at one too many things.", "\n\nMarine - Bronze\n\nFirst 3 are great!Not sure what the DPS plan is, but I can say without a doubt that heroes with their second and third tier upgrades need to chill out. ", "They have crazy stats in both HP and DPS.Doug: AoE damage zones, right? ", "My favorite thing.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nUNSC\n\nTier 2 Vehicles adjustments.", "\n\nWarthog buffs.", "\n\nSiege Turrets cost escalation.", "\n\nKodiaks time to build adjustments.", "\n\nJackrabbit tuning vs. other scouts.", "\n\nCondor affected by Global Upgrades.", "\n\nFor T2 vehicles, I think we only need a little bit better shields for Mantis.", "Warthog is a very balanced unit, but it doesn't deal with CT marines, and Hunter is so strong that you can't use any T2 vehicles vs Banished anyway. ", "Imo make the marine rocket weapon type the same as their other weapons, and nerf hunter a bit vs T2 vehicles.", "Kodiak change sounds great.", "JR loses to Ghost, which is as it should be, because Arby/Ship don't have grunt mines. ", "Would be great if Grunt Mines didn't wreck them as hard as they do. ", "I still think all the scout upgrades are way too expensive given their very specialized role.", "Condor: Why break the rules of the game when you can just buff the stock Condor? ", "Would be perfectly fine to do that.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nBanished\n\nRangers - reduce DPS of individual Ranger and add 1 more to the unit.", "\n\nBlisterback buffs.", "\n\nScarab/Corrupted Scarab affected by global upgrades.", "\n\nI know that people complain about rangers on the forums, but any buff to the unit would be incredibly uncalled for. ", "Rangers are the backbone of the Banished army. ", "They only have minor problems dealing with CT Marines. ", "See my prior comment about their weapon type.", "Blisterback needs range in artillery mode! ", "Very hard to siege a base with them.", "Scarabs are definitely strong enough right now. ", "Solid balancing currently, wouldn't mess with it.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nIsabel - Currently a -5.9% disadvantage\n\nMAC blast buffs.", "\n\nBuff canister shell DPS (currently weaker than standard attack).", "\n\nWould be good if MAC was similar to before nerfs, but had a longer telegraph.", "Sounds good, but Scorpions are trash with and without the Isabel buff. ", "I have no reason to make a unit that will lose to most army comps and takes forever to make an army of anyway. ", "Just needs to do much better in combat, and not use the crazy long anim for canni that locks it in place - can it just use the normal firing anim like the Wraith with the Scorch attack?", "\n\nQuote:\n\nAnders –Currently +2.5% advantage\n\nSolutions for Retriever Sentinel by shifting leader powers around so shield must be picked later for Sentinel.", "\n\nSo Sentinel Network I guess becomes a point 4 power? ", "Can't be as strong as it is now then I guess.", "Can we also get the Protector Sentinel change in? ", "3->4 pop, but 5% better base dps/hp. ", "More usable early, and beatable late game that way. ", "Atm they are the ultimate end game unit spam that you can't beat, it's stupid.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nDecimus – Currently a +3.4% advantage\n\nBoundless Siphon Banshee Fix: We are going to create a new weapontype with specific leech on it for Banshees.", "\n\nWarlord does not get T3 upgrade in Strongholds.", "\n\nIf you applied this siphon fix to every unit, you'd fix the siphon doing work outside of combat. ", "Please! :(", "\n\nQuote:\n\nShipmaster – Currently a +4.4% advantage\n\nNerfs to Displacement size.", "\n\nRaid 2 points.", "\n\nOhMyDog! ", "YAAAAS\n\nQuote:\n\nForge – Currently a -3.5% disadvantage\n\nScatter Bomb buffs.", "\n\nFeel it should telegraph less.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nKinsano – Currently a +0.8% advantage\n\nFlamehog drop cooldown adjustments\n\nInferno/Napalm Missiles investigation.", "\n\nThe drop is waaaay cost effective, same with the ultimate one. ", "Should cost at least 10% more than the units themselves. ", "The ult drop applying so many buffs is crazy, too.", "Best to straight up nerf those powers vs buildings I think. ", "Are good vs units as well thanks to ridiculous stun-lock potential with drops.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nColony – Currently a +2.9% advantage\n\nPotential Buffs to slow on attacks.", "\n\nNerfs to early game.", "\n\nTeleport for Colony potentially to swap for either Battle Hardened or Mines and made tier 4 power.", "\n\nSkitterers do not get affected by Stasis investigation.", "\n\nSkitterer Mob in Blitz cannot attach investigation.", "\n\nSlow on what attacks? ", "You mean the hero?Hero definitely needs a slight DPS nerf.", "TP!!!!!!", "\n\nQuote:\n\nJohnson – Currently a +1.6% advantage\n\nReduce cost on Bunkers.", "\n\nMentioned this before, but would like to reiterate - a slight buff on the Mantis shield would be pretty important.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nCommander Jerome – Currently a -1.5% disadvantage\n\nFixed an issue where the Jackrabbit’s LoS decreased with Recon Training after Support Drone is trained (Fixe was that we added the bonus LoS from the upgrade to the Support Drone allowing the LP to buff them correctly).", "\n\nEnduring Salvo buffs\n\nBoth sound good.", "Another subtle buff would be to match the Hero Mantis speed with that of Marines so that he wouldn't slow down all infantry comps.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nSerina – Currently a -5.3% disadvantage\n\nBuff seismic blast and cryo bomb.", "\n\nPossible leader power cooldown reduction.", "\n\nBoth are good changes, but you absolutely need to change her 12 o'clock, it's the worst 5th tier power in the game.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nPavium – Currently a -2.2% disadvantage\n\nInvestigate areas to improve.", "\n\nI would recommend getting coaching from Nakamura RTS, available now for $9.99/h.Seriously though, buffing Pavgod is madness.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nVoridus – Currently a -8.1% disadvantage\n\nGrenadier fixes (Rebalance weapon DPS, Give a correct weapon type for role, and is likely a new weapon type.", "\n\nCataclysm pool investigation\n\nEngineers: Cost Reduction and Decrease Y CD.", "\n\nHero Buffs.", "\n\nThis all sounds great. ", "Maybe HP for the engineers, too.", "\n\nFinally, recommending the below for Yapyap - his brute rider rushes vs UNSC are way too difficult to stop consider how cheap a play it is. ", "The hero changes would give him a better alternative T1 strategy.", "\n\nQuote:\n\nYapyap:\n\nReduce Surprise Party mine damage by 10%. ", "Shouldn't be identical to lotus because of the extra units.", "\n\nReduce Brute Rider HP by 5%.", "\n\nReduce Goblin power cost to 100, and increase HP by 20%. ", "Compensate with second and third upgrades to remain the same as now (target buff to the T1 heroes)\n\nRecruit - Iron\n\nSome bugs I've come across recently:Warlord can hammer pull ScarabsAudio bug with Colony saying \"turret upgraded\" with some base buildings being built, most notably the sensor tower. ", "When Kinsano destroys a building a Sgt Johnson line of dialogue playsLast Leader played appears \"locked\" when instantly going into another matchAnd then Discussed with Postums, settings and preferences resetting\n\nMarine - Gold\n\nSome bugs I've come across recently:Warlord can hammer pull ScarabsAudio bug with Colony saying \"turret upgraded\" with some base buildings being built, most notably the sensor tower.", "When Kinsano destroys a building a Sgt Johnson line of dialogue playsLast Leader played appears \"locked\" when instantly going into another matchAnd then Discussed with Postums, settings and preferences resetting\n\nDeci and Warlord can pull Scarries. ", "Those two heroes literally turn a scarry into 40 pop paper weight. ", "PLEASE FIX. ", "I would be happy with a damage nerf to Deci Y ability too. ", "You drop it in a center of army and Red bars half your army while being nearly impossible to kill. ", "Even worse when he goes bloody air too. ", "Banshees kill everything not AA and Deci and Warlord kill everything they cant.", "\n\nMarine - Bronze\n\nOk first off outstanding work postums and everyone else. ", "I appreciate all your hard work and I agree with all the changes well all but one.", "If I am reading this correctly Deci Warlord doesn't get a third upgrade? ", "Remember he can't shoot air at all he is a Melee unit. ", "This seems a bit much and will drastically hurt him. ", "Maybe tone down his DPS also it's not fair for all other heroes to have their third upgrade and not him and lastly if he can't get his 3rd upgrade for his Warlord wouldn't that affect his Decimus drop as well? ", "That's like a double nerf.", "\n\nMarine - Bronze\n\nScorpions should receive a small HP buff and an additional 10 DPS on thier main cannon.", "\n\nVultures could also get a small HP buff and a DPS buff. ", "Might need to nerf Phoenix Missile some.", "\n\nHell Charge UI vs actual buff radius bug.", "\n\nJohnson bunker does need to be cheaper. ", "The cost decrease should be in Digging In though. ", "Why make Heal + Bunker better? ", "Also possible buffs to his siege turret drop.", "\n\nJust give Isabel a Vehicle Drop similar to Forge. ", "Could we switch Heavy Metal with heal?", "\n\nEnduring Salvo should be buffed with caution. ", "It has good building damage but the randomness of the dropped ship pieces are the issue. ", "Just make their AOE bigger or you will have a OP/garbage nuke depending on how the pieces fall.", "\n\nMarine - Onyx\n\nRight I’ve been asking forever. ", "I like this post. ", "I think they did a good job. ", "I think there should be a vortex lightning investigation but this is good for now. ", "Is anyone else scared of lvl 3 condor or scarab?", "\n\nMarine - Bronze\n\nRight I’ve been asking forever. ", "I like this post. ", "I think they did a good job. ", "I think there should be a vortex lightning investigation but this is good for now. ", "Is anyone else scared of lvl 3 condor or scarab?", "\n\nYes, i feel like ultimates are strong enough, they are already tough to take out if they have just a small escort and I don't think there should be any kind of \"I win\" button. ", "Like it shouldn't be a case of \"I built a condor, gg\"" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.024691358024691357, 0.006802721088435374, 0.005376344086021506, 0.03225806451612903, 0.014388489208633094, 0, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0, 0, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0, 0, 0.019801980198019802, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.018867924528301886, 0.010309278350515464, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0, 0.011695906432748537, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0, 0.006711409395973154, 0, 0.037037037037037035, 0.022988505747126436, 0, 0, 0.012345679012345678, 0, 0.011235955056179775, 0.05, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.023255813953488372, 0, 0, 0, 0.014925373134328358, 0.015151515151515152, 0.02531645569620253, 0, 0, 0.005405405405405406, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.02040816326530612, 0, 0, 0.012658227848101266, 0, 0, 0.013333333333333334, 0, 0.008130081300813009, 0, 0, 0.02, 0, 0, 0.012048192771084338, 0, 0.01, 0.017543859649122806, 0.018867924528301886, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0.013888888888888888, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.023809523809523808, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.010033444816053512, 0.012195121951219513, 0.01606425702811245, 0, 0, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0.012658227848101266, 0.013157894736842105, 0, 0.0136986301369863, 0.01818181818181818, 0, 0.009523809523809525, 0, 0.009433962264150943, 0.017241379310344827, 0.025, 0, 0.023809523809523808, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.02631578947368421, 0, 0, 0.021052631578947368, 0.02040816326530612, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0196078431372549, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "\n#define NBLOCKS 4\n\n\n*\n* ***********************************\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* *\t D1dB_SumAll\t\t*\t\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* ***********************************\n\n subroutine D1dB_SumAll(sum)\nc implicit none\n real*8 sum\n\n#include \"tcgmsg.fh\"\n#include \"msgtypesf.h\"\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n \n\n if (np_j.gt.1) then\n call GA_PGROUP_DGOP(Parallel2d_comm_j(),\n > 9+MSGDBL,sum,1,'+')\n end if\n\n return\n end\n\n\n* ***********************************\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* *\t D1dB_ISumAll\t\t*\t\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* ***********************************\n\n subroutine D1dB_ISumAll(sum)\nc implicit none\n integer sum\n\n\n#include \"tcgmsg.fh\"\n#include \"msgtypesf.h\"\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n\n\n\n if (np_j.gt.1) then\n call GA_PGROUP_IGOP(Parallel2d_comm_j(),\n > 9+MSGINT,sum,1,'+')\n end if\n\n return\n end\n\n\n\n\n\n* ***********************************\n* * *\n* * D1dB_MaxAll *\n* * *\n* ***********************************\n subroutine D1dB_MaxAll(sum)\nc implicit none\n real*8 sum\n\n#include \"tcgmsg.fh\"\n#include \"msgtypesf.h\"\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n integer msglen,mpierr,np\n real*8 sumall\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n\n if (np_j.gt.1) then\n call GA_PGROUP_DGOP(Parallel2d_comm_j(),\n > 9+MSGDBL,sum,1,'max')\n end if\n\n\n return\n end\n\n\n\n* ***********************************\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* *\t D1dB_Vector_SumAll\t*\t\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* ***********************************\n\n subroutine D1dB_Vector_SumAll(n,sum)\nc implicit none\n integer n\n real*8 sum(*)\n\n#include \"bafdecls.fh\"\n\n#include \"tcgmsg.fh\"\n#include \"msgtypesf.h\"\n#include \"errquit.fh\"\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n\n\n if (np_j.gt.1) then\n call GA_PGROUP_DGOP(Parallel2d_comm_j(),\n > 9+MSGDBL,sum,n,'+')\n end if\n return\n end\n\n\n* ***********************************\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* *\t D1dB_Vector_ISumAll\t*\t\n* *\t\t\t\t\t*\n* ***********************************\n\n subroutine D1dB_Vector_ISumAll(n,sum)\nc implicit none\n integer n\n integer sum(*)\n\n#include \"bafdecls.fh\"\n#include \"errquit.fh\"\n\n#include \"tcgmsg.fh\"\n#include \"msgtypesf.h\"\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n\n\n if (np_j.gt.1) then\n call GA_PGROUP_IGOP(Parallel2d_comm_j(),\n > 9+MSGINT,sum,n,'+')\n end if\n\n return\n end\n\n\n\n* ***********************************\n* * *\n* * D1dB_Brdcst_values *\n* * *\n* ***********************************\n\n subroutine D1dB_Brdcst_values(psend,nsize,sum)\n implicit none\n integer psend,nsize\n real*8 sum(*)\n\n#include \"bafdecls.fh\"\n#include \"errquit.fh\"\n#include \"tcgmsg.fh\"\n#include \"msgtypesf.h\"\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n\n integer np\n\n call Parallel2d_np_j(np)\n if (np.gt.1) then\n call GA_PGROUP_BRDCST(Parallel2d_comm_j(),\n > 9+MSGDBL,sum,mdtob(nsize),psend)\n end if\n\n return\n end\n\n\n\n* ***********************************\n* * *\n* * D1dB_isendrecv *\n* * *\n* ***********************************\n subroutine D1dB_isendrecv(pto, ssize,sdata,\n > pfrom,rsize,rdata,\n > request,reqcnt)\n implicit none\n integer pto,ssize\n real*8 sdata(*)\n integer pfrom,rsize\n real*8 rdata(*)\n integer request(*)\n integer reqcnt\n\n#include \"D1dB.fh\"\n\n\n* **** local variables ****\n integer msgtype,mpierr\n\n* **** external functions ****\n integer Parallel2d_comm_j\n external Parallel2d_comm_j\n\n\n call errquit(' D1dB_isendrecv:not implemented!',0,0)\n return\n end\n\n* ***********************************\n* * *\n* * D1dB_WaitAll *\n* * *\n* ***********************************\n*\n* This routine waits for the sends and receives to \n* finish that were started with D1dB_isendrecv\n* \n subroutine D1dB_WaitAll(request,reqcnt)\n implicit none\n integer request(*)\n integer reqcnt\n\n#include \"bafdecls.fh\"\n#include \"errquit.fh\"\n\n call errquit(' D1dB_WaitAll:not implemented!',0,0)\n return\n end\n\nc ****************************************\nc * *\nc * D1dB_Brdcst_step *\nc * *\nc ****************************************\nc\nc This routine performs step l of a butterfly Broadcast all algorithm. ", "The step\nc l spans from 0..(Level-1) where the number of levels is Level = Log(np_j)/Log(2).", "\nc\nc Entry - l: Butterfly step 0...(Level-1)\nc na: an array of length np_j containing the number of orbitals per taskid_j\nc blocks0: number of blocks to send size=blocks0, \nc the exceptions are:\nc if blocks0==0: the block size is size=2**l.", "\nc if blocks0==-1: block size is size=(np_j-2**Level)/2 + 1 for l==(Level-1),\nc blocksize is size=2**l otherwise\nc n2ft3d: leading size of psi_rep\nc psi_rep: data array\nc Exit -\nc psi_rep: modified data array \nc requests,reqcnt: tags for asychronous message passing\nc\n subroutine D1dB_Brdcst_step(l,na,blocks0,\n > n2ft3d,psi_rep,\n > requests,reqcnt)\n implicit none\n integer l,na(*),blocks0\n integer n2ft3d\n real*8 psi_rep(n2ft3d,*)\n integer requests(*),reqcnt\n\n* *** local variables ***\n integer taskid_j,np_j\n integer i,pr,ps,shift,size,Level\n integer pto,pfrom,rsize,ssize,rindx,sindx\n\n* *** local variables ***\n integer Butter_levels\n external Butter_levels\n\n call errquit(' D1dB_Brdcst_step:not implemented!',0,0)\n return\n end\n\n\nc ****************************************\nc * *\nc * D1dB_Reduce_step *\nc * *\nc ****************************************\nc\nc This routine performs step l of a butterfly Reduceall algorithm. ", "The step\nc l spans from 0..(Level-1) where the number of levels is Level = Log(np_j)/Log(2).", "\nc\nc Entry - l: Butterfly step 0...(Level-1)\nc na: an array of length np_j containing the number of orbitals per taskid_j\nc blocks0: number of blocks to send size=blocks0, \nc the exceptions are:\nc if blocks0==0: the block size is size=2**l.", "\nc if blocks0==-1: block size is size=(np_j-2**Level)/2 + 1 for l==(Level-1),\nc blocksize is size=2**l otherwise\nc n2ft3d: leading size of psi_rep\nc hpsi_rep: data array\nc tmp: tempory data array. ", "Needs to be at least n2ft3d*size\nc\nc Exit - hpsi_rep: modified data array\nc requests,reqcnt: tags for asychronous message passing\nc\n subroutine D1dB_Reduce_step(l,na,blocks0,\n > n2ft3d,hpsi_rep,tmp)\n implicit none\n integer l,na(*),blocks0\n integer n2ft3d\n real*8 hpsi_rep(n2ft3d,*)\n real*8 tmp(*)\n\n* *** local variables ***\n integer taskid_j,np_j\n integer i,pr,ps,size,shift,Level,pfrom,pto\n integer rsize,ssize,rindx,sindx\n integer requests(10),reqcnt\n\n* *** local variables ***\n integer Butter_levels\n external Butter_levels\n\n call errquit(' D1dB_Reduce_step:not implemented!',0,0)\n return\n end\nc $Id$\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0.002002548698343346, 0, 0, 0.003137254901960784, 0, 0, 0, 0.009575923392612859 ]

[ "Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell Addison (Mitch) Mitchell McConnellHawley warns Schumer to steer clear of Catholic-based criticisms of Barrett Senate GOP set to vote on Trump's Supreme Court pick before election Harris slams Trump's Supreme Court pick as an attempt to 'destroy the Affordable Care Act' MORE (R-Ky.) says his colleagues should not expect him to handle President Trump Donald John TrumpBiden says voters should choose who nominates Supreme Court justice Trump, Biden will not shake hands at first debate due to COVID-19 Pelosi: Trump Supreme Court pick 'threatens' Affordable Care Act MORE’s impeachment trial as an impartial juror.", "\n\n“I’m not an impartial juror. ", "This is a political process,” McConnell told reporters Tuesday while fielding questions about the upcoming trial.", "\n\nWhen asked about criticism from Democrats over his pledge to coordinate closely with Trump’s lawyers during the trial, McConnell said his colleagues shouldn’t expect him not to make the proceeding as favorable to Trump as possible.", "\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n“I’m not impartial about this at all,” he said.", "\n\nThe GOP leader’s frank admission outraged counterpart, Senate Democratic Leader Charles Schumer Chuck SchumerPelosi: Trump Supreme Court pick 'threatens' Affordable Care Act Will Democrats attempt to pack the Supreme Court again? ", "Pelosi slams Trump executive order on pre-existing conditions: It 'isn't worth the paper it's signed on' MORE (N.Y.).", "\n\n“He was asked if he was an impartial juror. ", "He seemed to proudly say no. ", "I would ask every one of our Republican colleagues, ‘Do you want someone who proudly says they’re not impartial to be on a jury?” ", "he asked reporters after McConnell spoke.", "\n\n“Do the American people want Mitch McConnell not to be an impartial juror in this situation? ", "And I would ask every one of my Republican Senate colleagues, ‘Are you impartial jurors or are you like Mitch McConnell, proud not to be?’” ", "Schumer said, appearing clearly frustrated with McConnell’s refusal to call key witnesses.", "\n\n“Leader McConnell, I’m asking you, come to this microphone and give an explicit reason why Mulvaney or Bolton … shouldn’t testify,” he said, referring to acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney Mick MulvaneyOn The Money: House panel pulls Powell into partisan battles | New York considers hiking taxes on the rich | Treasury: Trump's payroll tax deferral won't hurt Social Security Blockchain trade group names Mick Mulvaney to board Mick Mulvaney to start hedge fund MORE and former National Security Adviser John Bolton John BoltonJudge appears skeptical of Bolton's defense of publishing book without White House approval Maximum pressure is keeping US troops in Iraq and Syria Woodward book trails Bolton, Mary Trump in first-week sales MORE.", "\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nMcConnell’s remarks on Tuesday afternoon backed up an interview he gave last week to Fox News's Sean Hannity Sean Patrick HannityWill Chis Wallace's debate topics favor Biden over Trump? ", "Former Florida attorney general calls Kyle Rittenhouse 'a little boy out there trying to protect his community' Sunday shows preview: Justice Ginsburg dies, sparking partisan battle over vacancy before election MORE in which he said: “Everything I do during this, I’m coordinating with the White House counsel.”", "\n\n“There will be no difference between the president’s position and our position as to how to handle this to the extent that we can,” he added.", "\n\nSchumer on Monday criticized McConnell’s statement as “totally out of line.”", "\n\nOn Tuesday Schumer accuses McConnell of planning to make the Senate trial part of Trump’s “cover up.”" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.021439509954058193, 0, 0.008849557522123894, 0.012875536480686695, 0, 0.02586206896551724, 0.008547008547008548, 0, 0, 0, 0.024390243902439025, 0.010526315789473684, 0.014285714285714285, 0.022222222222222223, 0.02513227513227513, 0.029411764705882353, 0.00964630225080386, 0, 0.02564102564102564, 0.038834951456310676 ]

[ "\nUpcoming European law – requires content blocks under 1 hour by police request - internet_user\nhttps://www.laquadrature.net/en/terreg/\n======\ninternet_user\nThis new regulation will force every actor of the Web’s ecosystem (video or\nblog platforms, online media, small forums or large social networks) to:\n\n1) Block in under an hour any content reported as “terrorist” by the police\n(without a judge’s prior authorisation), and therefore to be on call 24/7.", "\n\n2) Anticipate police requests by detecting on their own illicit content using\nautomated filtering tools.", "\n\nWebsites that don’t respect these rules would risk a fine of up to 4% of their\nrevenue.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "HackerNews" }

[ 0.002188183807439825, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "A video of ANC Women’s League leader Bathabile Dlamini circulating on social media has left many wondering if she was drunk during President Jacob Zuma’s Sona in parliament on Thursday.", "\n\nThe video, shared by Facebook user Lux Gadl’land, has been viewed more than 200 000 times, with nearly 7 000 reactions and loads of comments, most of them saying the minister looks drunk.", "\n\nIn the video, Dlamini is seen being asked a question by a journalist, while she chews on gum and sometimes tries to close her eyes. ", "While some say she looks drunk, others say she actually only looks rather ill and exhausted.", "\n\nWatch the video below:\n\nDlamini made headlines last month after being accused of addressing a crowd at an event while allegedly drunk. ", "Eyewitnesses said the minister was struggling to stand and and sit down by herself and used a mic stand for support.", "\n\nFollowing the allegations, her spokesperson, Lumka Oliphant, went on a Facebook rant defending her boss. ", "In the posts she made, she said the minister did not drink alcohol and in fact, hated it. ", "She said if it were up to the minister, South Africans would not be drinking at all.", "\n\nThe women’s league also slammed the reports, saying they had video evidence that Dlamini had looked sober throughout. ", "Despite The Citizen’s numerous attempts to look at their video, however, they ultimately refused to hand it over or allow us to come and see it.", "\n\nRead more: Don’t talk sh*t about Bathabile, says her spokesperson" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.010810810810810811, 0.005291005291005291, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0.011904761904761904, 0, 0.006944444444444444, 0.029850746268656716 ]

[ "Q:\n\nC++ Member Reference base type 'int' is not a structure or union\n\nI'm running into a Problem in my C++ Code.", "\nI have a union StateValue:\nunion StateValue\n{\n int intValue;\n std::string value;\n};\n\nand a struct StateItem\nstruct StateItem\n{\n LampState state;\n StateValue value;\n};\n\nI have a method which goes through a vector of type StateItem\nfor(int i = 0; i < stateItems.size(); i++)\n{\n StateItem &st = stateItems[i];\n switch (st.state)\n {\n case Effect:\n result += std::string(\", \\\"effect\\\": \") + st.value.value;\n break;\n case Hue:\n result += std::string(\", \\\"hue\\\": \") + st.value.intValue.str();\n break;\n case On:\n result += std::string(\", \\\"on\\\": \") + std::string(st.value.value);\n break;\n default:\n break;\n }\n}\n\nIn the case Hue I get the following Compiler error:\nMember reference base type 'int' is not a structure or union\nI can´t understand the problem here.", "\nCan anyone of you please help me?", "\n\nA:\n\nYou're trying to call a member function on intValue, which has type int. ", "int isn't a class type, so has no member functions.", "\nIn C++11 or later, there's a handy std::to_string function to convert int and other built-in types to std::string:\nresult += \", \\\"hue\\\": \" + std::to_string(st.value.intValue);\n\nHistorically, you'd have to mess around with string streams:\n{\n std::stringstream ss;\n ss << st.value.intValue;\n result += \", \\\"hue\\\": \" + ss.str();\n}\n\nA:\n\nMember reference base type 'int' is not a structure or union\nint is a primitive type, it has no methods nor properties.", "\nYou are invoking str() on a member variable of type int and that's what the compiler is complaining about.", "\nIntegers cannot be implicitly converted to string, but you can used std::to_string() in C++11, lexical_cast from boost, or the old-slow approach of the stringstream.", "\nstd::string to_string(int i) {\n std::stringstream ss;\n ss << i;\n return ss.str();\n}\n\nor\ntemplate <\n typename T\n> std::string to_string_T(T val, const char *fmt ) {\n char buff[20]; // enough for int and int64\n int len = snprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), fmt, val);\n return std::string(buff, len);\n}\n\nstatic inline std::string to_string(int val) {\n return to_string_T(val, \"%d\");\n}\n\nAnd change the line to:\nresult += std::string(\", \\\"hue\\\": \") + to_string(st.value.intValue);\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0.006795016987542469, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.00202020202020202 ]

[ "While the rest of the world was turning the name \"Fukushima\" into the butt of glow-in-the-dark jokes and the centerpiece of cautionary tales, musicians from Fukushima decided that giving support to folks who were having a hard time was a better use of their time. ", "The result is a song called \"I Love You & I Need You Fukushima\". ", "You can check it out here, along with a translation of the lyrics.", "\n\nThere have been a number of songs written by musicians from the Touhouku to come out after the disaster that are really touching. ", "The Touhouku is a region that's pretty similar to somewhere like Idaho ranging into Montana in the US -- northern, kind of cold, with lots of forests, and the primary output is largely agricultural goods. ", "I think it's really cool that folks are using this opportunity to flip around and show the world some of the good things about their home region. ", "Another song to check out is Ie ni Kaerou, by Lawblow. ", "All scenes in the video were shot in Ohfunata, a town that was badly damaged by the tsunami, in July 2011." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.003787878787878788, 0, 0, 0, 0.004878048780487805, 0, 0.01818181818181818, 0.009433962264150943 ]

[ "UK native and electronic/indie musician Ben Khan is quickly getting more recognition with his songs and his latest, \"Youth,\" is another solid creation. ", "While he tends to create music that sticks in your head and is catchy, he also has a way of being completely unique each time. ", "Having both those aspects to your music is not an easy feat, but Khan seems to accomplish just that. ", "If there is one song you listen to today, make it \"Youth.\"", "\n\nDisclaimer\n\nAny link posted for free downloads are legal and meant to be for promotional use only. ", "If a song should not be allowed to be downloaded, please email osfeditor@gmail.com and it will be removed. ", "Please support artists and purchase their albums, attend concerts, and spread their music to all your fly friends." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.006578947368421052, 0, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0, 0.009345794392523364, 0 ]

[ "Bahjat (singer)\n\nBahjat Alturjman (born 24 June 1995) is a Libyan singer and songwriter. ", "He grew up in Tripoli, the capital of Libya before leaving during the beginning of the Arab Spring in 2011. ", "Later, he moved to Stockholm, Sweden in 2017. ", "He is best known for his songs \"Hometown Smile\" \"Istanbul\" and \"Do you remember me?\". \"", "Talk To Me\" topped the Maltese charts while \"What We Were\" became the first song by an independent Libyan-born artist to appear on Spotify's New Music Friday.", "\n\nCareer\nBahjat released his first single \"Stand Tall\" in Malta in 2015, followed by \"Talk To Me\", a song that topped the Maltese charts after a month. ", "After appearing on a Nightcore YouTube channel, Bahjat's \"Hometown Smile\" went viral within the community, accumulating over 25 million views on YouTube, and pushing the song to over 1 million streams on Spotify. ", "Following his debut EP, \"3:11 am\", Bahjat released the singles \"Do you remember me?\" ", "and \"What We Were\", with both singles finding support from Spotify editorial playlists such as Fresh Finds, New Music Friday, and more. ", "\n\nDue to the rarity of a Libyan national finding international recognition, Bahjat has been interviewed by multiple renowned media organizations, such as BBC Arabic, Al Arabiya TV, Aftonbladet and more.", "\n\nDiscography\n\nEPs\n 3:11 am, 2017\n\nSingles\n\nReferences \n\nCategory:1995 births\nCategory:Living people\nCategory:Libyan male singers\nCategory:English-language singers from Libya\nCategory:21st-century Swedish singers\nCategory:21st-century male singers" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.02247191011235955, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009389671361502348, 0.023529411764705882, 0.007352941176470588, 0.01485148514851485, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nProlog decomposition returning a period\n\nI have a predicate that decomposes an expression and I am having results that I dont understand when I trace through it.", "\nMy predicate is as below\n calc(R,Expr) :- Expr =..[Op,H,T].", "\n\nSo when I have an expression like [1,1], the Op is actually a period. ", "Any idea why?", "\n\nA:\n\nIt's because the form [Head|Tail] is just syntactic sugar for '.'(Head, Tail) (everything is a term and lists are no exception). ", "Normally, for the list made of 1, 2, 3 and 4, you'd have to write\n'.'(1, '.'(2, '.'(3, '.'(4, [])))).", "\n\nAs you can see, that's not very practical and instead we use the shortcut:\n[1|[2|[3|[4|[]]]]]\n\nAnd this shortcut has a shortcut:\n[1, 2, 3, 4]\n\nAnd you can mix those as you wish:\n[1, 2|[3, 4]]\n\nThat is handy when you want to specify some elements and then let the tail free:\n[1, 2|A]\n\nBTW, you can see that for yourself by using write_canonical/1:\n?- ", "write_canonical([1, 2, 3, 4]).", "\n'.'(1,'.", "'(2,'.", "'(3,'.", "'(4,[]))))\ntrue.", "\n\nHope it helped\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.007407407407407408, 0, 0.002840909090909091, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dendritic cells generated in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IFN-alpha are potent inducers of HIV-specific CD8 T cells.", "\nTo investigate the ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IFN-alpha to induce the differentiation of peripheral monocytes into dendritic cells (DC) and their ability to trigger an HIV-specific CD8 T-cell response. ", "Monocytes isolated from both seronegative controls and HIV-infected individuals were differentiated into DC using GM-CSF with either IL-4 or IFN-alpha for 7 days. ", "We assessed the phenotypic characteristics and IL-12 production by flow cytometry. ", "The ability of DC to trigger CD8 T-cell responses was assessed by means of ELISpot and cytotoxicity assays. ", "In addition, HIV-1-RNA levels were measured in culture supernatants. ", "Compared with control DC generated in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4, DC generated in the presence of GM-CSF and IFN-alpha expressed higher levels of MHC class I molecules and produced similar or higher levels of IL-12 after CD40 ligation or Staphyloccus aureus Cowan stimulation. ", "GM-CSF/IFN-alpha DC expressed low levels of CD4, CXCR4 and DC-SIGN and did not produce detectable virus during the differentiation period. ", "Pulsed GM-CSF/IFN-alpha DC were found to prime CD8 T cells from HIV-negative controls to exert cytotoxic activity against target cells expressing HIV antigens. ", "HIV peptide-pulsed GM-CSF/IFN-alpha DC promote specific IFN-gamma production by autologous CD8 T cells from HIV-seronegative donors. ", "Furthermore, GM-CSF/IFN-alpha DC from HIV-seropositive patients efficiently present HIV peptides to autologous CD8 T lymphocytes. ", "GM-CSF and IFN-alpha allow the generation of DC with high CD8 T-cell stimulating abilities. ", "Therefore, this strategy may represent a novel approach to therapeutic vaccination in HIV disease." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0.00641025641025641, 0.008032128514056224, 0.012269938650306749, 0, 0, 0, 0.02127659574468085, 0.02877697841726619, 0.00625, 0.022556390977443608, 0.015384615384615385, 0.021739130434782608, 0 ]

[ "La Vallée des Singes\n\nLa Vallée des Singes (\"The Valley of the Monkeys\") is a primate park in Romagne, France.", "\n\nHistory\nLa Vallée des Singes was founded by Wim Mager who had previously founded the Apenheul Primate Park in the Netherlands in 1971, which is the first free-roaming primate park in the world.", "\nThe park, well known for its three species of great ape, first obtained gorillas in 1998, and first obtained its chimpanzees from the TNO in 2004.", "\nLa Vallée des Singes is famous for its group of bonobos; with the largest group in captivity as of 2016 numbering at 20 individuals. ", "The zoo has had five successful births for this critically endangered species.", "\n\nAnimals\nAs of 2016, the park is home to 32 species of primate, including \n Barbary macaques\n Black howler monkeys\n Black lemurs\n Black-and-white ruffed lemurs\n Black-capped squirrel monkeys\n Bonobos\n Brown spider monkeys\n Coppery titis\n Crowned lemurs\n Emperor tamarins\n Geladas\n Golden lion tamarins\n Golden-bellied capuchins\n Golden-headed lion tamarins\n Lesser spot-nosed monkeys\n Mandrills\n Mantled guerezas\n Pileated gibbons\n Pygmy marmosets\n Red ruffed lemurs\n Red-bellied lemurs\n Red-faced spider monkeys\n Red-handed tamarins\n Ring-tailed lemurs\n Roloway monkeys\n Silvery marmosets\n Southern white-cheeked gibbons\n Western chimpanzees\n Western lowland gorillas\n White-belted black-and-white ruffed lemurs\n White-faced saki monkeys\n White-fronted marmosets\n White-headed capuchins\n Woolly monkeys\n\nNotes\n\nExternal links\n\nCategory:Zoos in France\nCategory:Buildings and structures in Vienne\nCategory:Tourist attractions in Vienne\nCategory:Organizations based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.01818181818181818, 0.010256410256410256, 0.006802721088435374, 0, 0, 0.0030425963488843813 ]

[ "Q:\n\nCan't checkout an android project in STS 2.9.1 and Subversive on Windows 7\n\nThe problem\nI have a strange problem with SpringSource Tool Suite 2.9.1 Release and Subversive plugin, running on Windows 7 Home Premium x64. ", "I'm trying to checkout an android project from an SVN repository.", "\nHere's what I'm doing:\n\nFile > Import > SVN > Project From SVN\nI fill in the path to my repository and check the HEAD revision\nI click Finish\nThe project is found and the default option is Check out as a project with the name specified. ", "I leave the name alone Set the Depth field to Recursively and again, select the HEAD revision.", "\nI click Finish\nA progress bar appears for a second just to show an error message:\nCheckout operation for 'https://(.....)/Android' failed.", "\nsvn: Cannot create new file 'C:\\workspace-sts-2.9.1.RELEASE\\AppName \\.svn\\lock': System can not find the path specified \n\nWhen I retry and follow the steps from 1 to 6, another dialog appears. ", "It says:\nThis project already exists in the workspace \nor there is a data folder in the checkout destination.", "\n\nIt allows me to select a folder to overwrite. ", "When I do that, a similar but different error message is shown. ", "It says:\nCheckout operation for 'https://(...)/Android' failed.", "\n0x0000000f: The folder 'C:\\workspace-sts-2.9.1.RELEASE\\AppName \\.svn' is locked by some external process. ", "Please unlock the folder and try to check out the project again.", "\n\nWhat I've tried\nFirst, I opened the SVN Lock view to see if there were any locks created by the IDE. ", "There were none. ", "\nI restarted the computer, hoping it would solve the problem of any application locking the file but this does not seem to be the case.", "\nAfter that, I created a new workspace in a different location and tried to check out the project in there. ", "The result was the same.", "\nThen, I attempted to change the version of SVN Kit. ", "The situation persists in:\n\nSVN Kit 1.2.3\nSVN Kit 1.3.5\nNative Java HL 1.5.4\nNative Java HL 1.6.12\n\nI thought that changing permissions to the directories of my workspace was worth giving a try. ", "It didn't do the trick either.", "\nFinally, I checked out the project in a different location, using Tortoise SVN and imported it into my workspace. ", "I could run it (though some build path settings seemed to be missing) but it's not a solution. ", "I can't possibly imagine working on the project simultaneously with a couple of people without the ability to commit/update/view history/resolve conflicts in my IDE.", "\nI was advised to install a separate version of eclipse with its own set of tools and a different workspace for this application alone but it doesn't seem like a good idea. ", "I'd like to keep it all in a single IDE. ", "I'd also prefer to avoid reinstalling the whole thing as I don't feel like configuring all the other tools (mostly spring and android-related) from scratch.", "\nHas anybody seen a situation like this? ", "How can I get it working?", "\n\nA:\n\nIt's uncear to me whether this is a subversive problem or an SVN problem. ", " I would try checking out from the command line (you must install SVN command line tools to do this, but I'd recommend having the tools around as a backup anyway).", "\nCheckout from the command line and then import into STS using File -> Import -> Existing projects into workspace. ", " Once in the workspace, you can select the project -> Team -> Share project to get svn support on it.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.02252252252252252, 0.03076923076923077, 0.008403361344537815, 0.010638297872340425, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009708737864077669, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005128205128205128, 0, 0.008695652173913044, 0, 0.006060606060606061, 0, 0, 0.00641025641025641, 0, 0, 0.0125, 0.006134969325153374, 0.008695652173913044, 0, 0 ]

[ "1. ", "Introduction {#sec0005}\n===============\n\nInfectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belongs to the order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and genus *Gammacoronavirus*. ", "Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an important worldwide viral disease of poultry. ", "This poses a major economic threat to the poultry industry because of poor weight gain and lost feed efficiency in broilers and reduced numbers and quality of eggs in layers. ", "In addition, some virulent strains cause high mortality in young chickens due to renal disease.", "\n\nWhile chicks are the most susceptible, IBV affects chickens of all ages. ", "Despite a predilection towards the respiratory tract, IBV also infects a wide range of organs, including the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and oviduct, causing respiratory disease, interstitial nephritis, and decreased egg production ([@bib0050]). ", "Clinical signs include coughing, sneezing, tracheal rales, and watery eyes ([@bib0030], [@bib0140]). ", "Lesions in infected birds include degeneration of renal epithelium, renal interstitial lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, and degeneration and necrosis of the ciliated respiratory epithelium.", "\n\nThe main method of protecting chickens from IB is inoculation with both attenuated live and inactivated vaccines. ", "Although inactivated vaccines are cheaper and easier to administer, the poultry industry prefers to use live vaccines rather than inactivated ones, as they are more effective ([@bib0110]). ", "Despite widespread vaccination in China and other countries, IB outbreaks still occur sporadically because of little or no cross protection between different IBV serotypes ([@bib0070], [@bib0135]). ", "Specifically, a new IBV variant has been circulating in China since 1998 ([@bib0165]). ", "This virus has been identified as the QX strain and has been primarily associated with various renal pathologies ([@bib0150] [@bib0180]). ", "Phylogenetic analysis showed that the IBV isolates that clustered with QX were mainly Chinese isolates. ", "These results further indicated that IBV isolates that are prevalent in China were significantly evolutionarily distant from Mass-type strains. ", "However, Mass-type vaccine strains (e.g., H52, H120, Ma5, and W93) are mainly IBV vaccine strains typically administered in China today, which may not be able to provide efficient protection against field strains. ", "Other vaccine strategies including combination of Mass type vaccine with 4/91, Conn type etc., ", "were attempted before and could get a broader protection than the Mass type vaccine alone ([@bib0070], [@bib0065]). ", "However, the 4/91 and Conn type vaccine have not been licensed as commercial vaccines in China nowadays. ", "Thus, it will be necessary to rapidly develop new vaccines against the QX-like field strains.", "\n\nIt has been shown that the spike glycoprotein (S) of coronavirus is a determinant of tissue tropism and virulence and a tiny change in the S gene may lead to vaccine failure ([@bib0035], [@bib0040]). ", "Thus, until a universal vaccine can be developed, the ongoing determination of epidemic serotypes and production of new vaccines are key factors in controlling infectious bronchitis ([@bib0120]).", "\n\nEarly on, it was recognized that live-attenuated IB vaccines could be developed by reducing virus virulence by multiple serial passages in 10--11-day-old embryonated eggs, and this method is still widely applied today ([@bib0075], [@bib0095]). ", "Commercial IB vaccines are developed by multiple passage of a field isolate in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated eggs until the desired blend of non-pathogenicity and immunogenicity has been achieved ([@bib0015], [@bib0115]).", "\n\nWe have previously isolated and characterized a virulent IBV strain from 30-day-old vaccinated broiler chickens in the Yunnan Province of China. ", "This isolate is genetically similar to most of the prevalent strains of IBV found in China, albeit with increased pathogenicity than previously characterized strains ([@bib0085]). ", "To determine its utility as a vaccine, this YN strain was attenuated by 118 serial passages in 10-day-old SPF embryonated chicken eggs. ", "We tested the safety and efficacy of the attenuated strain in this study.", "\n\n2. ", "Materials and methods {#sec0010}\n========================\n\n2.1. ", "Virus and attenuation {#sec0015}\n--------------------------\n\nThe IBV QX-like strain YN (GenBank accession no.: [", "JF893452](ncbi-n:JF893452){#intr0005}) originated from a H120 vaccinated broiler flock with respiratory and renal disease, with a death rate of 30% ([@bib0085]). ", "The virus was purified and passaged by inoculating 10-day-old SPF embryonated chicken eggs via the allantoic sac route. ", "Inoculated eggs were incubated for 40 h at 37 °C and the allantoic fluid harvested for subsequent passages. ", "Eggs that died within 24 h of inoculation were discarded. ", "At every 10th passage, eggs were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of virus. ", "The resulting attenuated YN strain was shorted as aYN and was titrated by inoculating 10-fold serial dilutions with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) of the virus stocks into the allantoic sac of 10-day-old SPF embryonated eggs. ", "The embryo 50% infectious doses (EID~50~) were determined according to the method of ([@bib0145]).", "\n\nThe homologous (YN strain) and heterologous (SD strain) challenged IBV strains were used for determine the protective efficacy of aYN. ", "The heterologous challenged IBV SD strain was isolated from Mass-type vaccinated chickens of Shandong province in 2013. ", "Based on the phylogenetic analysis, it has the highest homology with LX4 (GenBank accession number: [AY189157](ncbi-n:AY189157){#intr0010}), and has a 89.7% similarity with the YN strain. ", "The EID~50~ for strain YN and SD was 10^6.83^  EID~50~/0.2 mL and 10^5.63^  EID~50~/0.2 mL, respectively.", "\n\n2.2. ", "Animal and ethics statement {#sec0020}\n--------------------------------\n\nOne day or 5-week-old SPF chickens were used to determine the safety and efficiency of aYN. ", "All chickens were kept in isolators at China Agricultural University throughout the experiment and the animal rearing facilities were approved by the Beijing Administration Committee of Laboratory Animals under the leadership of the Beijing Association for Science and Technology (approval ID SYXK \\[Jing\\] 2013-0013). ", "All of the animals used in this study were cared for in accordance with established guidelines, and the experimental protocols were performed with the approval of the Animal Welfare and Ethical Censor Committee at China Agricultural University.", "\n\n2.3. ", "Safety in SPF chickens {#sec0025}\n---------------------------\n\nA total of sixty 5-week-old SPF white leghorn chickens were assigned to 3 groups of 20 chickens each. ", "The chickens were maintained in isolators with positive pressure in air-conditioned rooms. ", "Of the three groups, two were inoculated with 200 μL YN or YN attenuated containing 10^5.0^ EID~50~ by intranasal and intraocular routes. ", "The third group was maintained as a negative control. ", "Birds were housed separately in isolators for chickens with consistent conditions, and food and water were provided ad libitum.", "\n\n### 2.3.1. ", "Clinical observations and sampling {#sec0030}\n\nTo determine the pathology produced by the two IBV strains, all birds were observed daily for 21 days post-inoculation (dpi) for clinical signs. ", "Clinical signs indicative of infection with IBV strains consisted of hunched posture, depression, reluctance to move, emaciation, diarrhea and soiled vent were given daily clinical scores: 0 for normal, 1 for mild depression, 2 for severe depressed, 3 for paralysis/prostration, and 4 for death. ", "Two chicks from each group were sacrificed at 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 dpi. ", "Gross changes were noted and samples of trachea, kidney, lung, proventriculus, duodenum, and bursa of Fabricius were collected for virus detection via real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and in 10% neutral formalin for histopathological examination. ", "Necropsies were carried out, and external and internal abnormalities were recorded. ", "Lesions in the trachea, kidney, lung, proventriculus, duodenum, and bursa of Fabricius were scored as 0 for no lesions, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate and 3 for severe lesions. ", "Mean lesion scores (MLSs) were calculated for each group. ", "Blood samples from surviving chicks in each group were collected at the end of the experiment for antibody detection at 21 dpi.", "\n\n### 2.3.2. ", "Histopathology and immunohistochemistry {#sec0035}\n\nTissues collected above were routinely processed, embedded in paraffin wax, and cut into 5 μm sections. ", "Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined for lesions using light microscopy. ", "The slides were examined by light microscopy and the lesions were scored according to the severity of the observed lesions. ", "Absence of injury was classified as -, while mild, moderate and severe were classified as +, ++, and +++ respectively.", "\n\nDuplicate tissue sections were prepared for immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect viral antigen via the following protocol. ", "Briefly, 5 μm tissue sections were subjected to antigen retrieval and then incubated in 10% normal goat serum in PBS for 30 min to block nonspecific binding. ", "Slides were further incubated with chicken anti-IBV hyperimmune serum at 1:500 dilutions in PBS for 2 h followed by incubation with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated rabbit chicken IgG for 1 h. The reaction was visualized by the addition of 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB, Sigma, St.Louis, Mo, USA) for 15 min. ", "Finally, sections were counterstained with hematoxylin, air dried, and examined by light microscopy.", "\n\n### 2.3.3. ", "Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) {#sec0040}\n\nThe trachea was removed under strict aseptic conditions. ", "The tracheal rings were cut into semicircles and quarter-circles. ", "They were immersed in 2% paraformaldehyde and 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 5.5 and fixed for 2 h at 4 °C. ", "After primary fixation, samples were then washed with PBS, post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, washed, and dehydrated in an increasing series of ethanol solutions. ", "Dehydrated pellets were embedded in an epoxy resin and sections were cut at 70 nm. ", "Finally, sections were placed on copper sieves and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. ", "Sections were imaged using a JEM-1230 TEM microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan).", "\n\n### 2.3.4. ", "Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) {#sec0045}\n\nTracheal samples were fixed as described above. ", "After dehydration in an increasingly concentrated series of alcohol, samples were critical point-dried (Polaron E3000) with carbon dioxide and mounted on aluminum stubs. ", "The mounted samples were gold-coated (Polaron E5100) and imaged using a JEOL JSM-5310LV (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan).", "\n\n### 2.3.5. ", "IBV detection by real time RT-qPCR {#sec0050}\n\nTotal RNA was extracted from trachea, kidney, lung, proventriculus, duodenum, and bursa of Fabricius using Trizol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). ", "cDNA was obtained via reverse transcription as previously described \\[20\\]. ", "cDNA samples were analyzed using SYBR Green I real-time RT-qPCR to determine viral loads. ", "Primers were designed using Primer Premier 5.0 based on the conserved region of N gene of the YN strain (GenBank accession no.: [", "JF893452](ncbi-n:JF893452){#intr0015}). ", "The 20-μL PCR mixture was composed of 10 μLof Power SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Foster, CA, USA), 0.5 μl of each primer, 1 μl of template, and 8 μl of double-distilled water. ", "Real-time PCR was performed on a 7500 System SDS Software (Applied Biosystems) using the following thermal cycles: a 10 min hot start at 95 °C, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 95 °C for 15 s, annealing at 55 °C for 35 s and extension at 72 °C for 40 s.\n\nAll qPCR reactions were carried out in triplicate and repeated at least twice. ", "A linear regression was determined plotting the logarithmic values of the number of copies of plasmid DNA containing the insert against the cycle threshold (Ct) values to convert Ct values into copy numbers. ", "The relative N gene expression was analyzed using GraphPad Prism version 6.0 (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA).", "\n\n### 2.3.6. ", "Serology {#sec0055}\n\nA commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook, ME, USA) was used to measure IBV antibody levels according to the manufacturer\\'s instructions. ", "The viral titer was calculated using the formula provided by IDEXX.", "\n\n2.4. ", "Protective efficacy of aYN {#sec0060}\n-------------------------------\n\nNinety 1-day-old SPF chickens were divided into five groups of 18 birds as follows. ", "Group aYN-YN and aYN-SD were vaccinated intranasally with 10^5.0^ EID~50~ aYN and challenged intranasally with homologous field strain YN or heterologous field strain SD at a dose of 10^5^EID~50~/bird at 21 days post vaccination, respectively. ", "Group control-YN and control-SD were left unvaccinated and challenged with YN or SD at the same time. ", "Group control-NC was maintained as a negative control. ", "All birds were housed separately in isolators with consistent conditions, and food and water were provided ad libitum.", "\n\n### 2.4.1. ", "Clinical observations and sampling {#sec0065}\n\nFollowing challenge, all birds were observed daily for clinical signs attributable to IB infection for two weeks. ", "Two birds from each group were killed humanely at 3 and 5 day postchallenge (dpc) for gross lesions observation and the evaluation of trachea ciliary activity.", "\n\n### 2.4.2. ", "Detection of virus shedding in oral swabs {#sec0070}\n\nTen oral swabs from each group were randomly collected at 5dpc for the detection of virus shedding via RT-PCR. ", "For PCR, 10 μl Taq SuperMix (TransGen, Beijing, China) and 10 pmol of each primer were added to 100 ng cDNA as template in a total of 20 μl reaction volume. ", "PCR was performed at 95°C for 5 min, followed by 30 cycles of denaturation (95 °C, 45 s), annealing (53 °C, 45 s), and polymerization (72°C, 1 min), and the postpolymerization step was performed at 72 °C for 10 min. ", "A pair of primers (forward: 5′-TTTTGGTGATGACAAGATGAA-3′; reverse: 5′-CGCATTGTTCCTCTCCTC-3′), which amplify and detect a 403-bp fragment of the M gene of IBV was used in the procedure. ", "Amplified sequences were analyzed by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis.", "\n\n### 2.4.3. ", "Inhibition of ciliary activity {#sec0075}\n\nFor evaluation of tracheal ciliostasis, three sections of the upper, middle and lower part of the upper, middle and lower part of the trachea respectively, nine rings per bird, were analyzed. ", "The rings were placed in a Petri dish containing Eagle culture medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. ", "They were then determined by inverted light microscope at a magnification of 400×, observing the degree of integrity and preservation of the ciliary movement of the tracheal epithelial cells. ", "A score of 0 was given if the cilia in the complete tracheal section showed movement; a score of 1 was given if the cilia of 75--100% of the tracheal section showed movement; a score of 2 if the cilia of 50--75% of the trachea showed movement; a score of 3 if the cilia of 25-- 50% of the trachea section showed movement; and a score of 4 if the cilia of less than 25% of the trachea section showed movement or no movement at all. ", "For each group, the average ciliostasis score was calculated.", "\n\n2.5. ", "Statistical analysis {#sec0080}\n-------------------------\n\nData were analyzed using unpaired t-test in GraphPad Prism version 6.0 for Windows to obtain a statistical analysis of the differences between aYN and YN inoculated groups. ", "In the case of the serology test and ciliary activity inhibition test, collected data were analysed using two-way ANOVA to see whether there was any significant difference between the different groups. ", "Multiple comparison between the groups was performed using Tukey\\'s multiple comparisons test; The significance was considered as follows: significant at *P*  ≤ 0.05 (\\*); highly significant at *P*  ≤ 0.01 (\\*\\*); and very highly significant at *P*  ≤ 0.001 (\\*\\*\\*).", "\n\n3. ", "Results {#sec0085}\n==========\n\n3.1. ", "Safety in SPF chickens {#sec0090}\n---------------------------\n\n### 3.1.1. ", "Clinical signs {#sec0095}\n\nChicks inoculated with the YN strain showed clinical signs as early as 2 dpi persisting until 7 dpi. ", "Diseased chicks showed signs of coughing, sneezing, tracheal and bronchiolar rales, listlessness, huddling, ruffled feathers, increased water intake, and slight watery diarrhea. ", "Three birds in the YN inoculated group died during the experiment, and the mortality reached 30% ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"} A). ", "No obvious clinical signs or deaths attributable to IBV were observed in either the control group or the YN attenuated group ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}C).Fig. ", "1Survival percentage (A), mean antibody titers at 21 dpi (B), clinical scores (C) and representative gross lesions (D--U) in chickens experimentally infected with the YN and YN attenuated strains. ", "Each column represents the mean titers± standard deviation (SD) (*n* = 10). ", "Bars indicate mean ± SD. ", "The significance was considered as follows: significant at *P* ≤ 0.05 (\\*), highly significant at *P* ≤  0.01 (\\*\\*), and very highly significant at *P* ≤ 0.001 (\\*\\*\\*).", "\n\n### 3.1.2. ", "Gross lesions {#sec0100}\n\nAt necropsy, lesions were detected in the respiratory, urinary, and digestive systems in chickens inoculated with YN, including punctate hemorrhages and catarrhal exudates in the throat and trachea ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}F). ", "The kidneys were swollen with urate deposits frequently observed in the tubules and ureters ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}I). ", "The lungs of several chickens had congestion and edema ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}L). ", "Digestive tract lesions consisted of thickening of the wall of the proventriculus and duodenum ([Figs. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}O and R), in some cases associated with mucosal congestion. ", "The bursas had heavy exudates of mucus and hemorrhage ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}U). ", "Chickens inoculated with the attenuated strain had only occasional petechiae in the throat ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}E) and a slight amount of mucus adhered to the bursa ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}T). ", "No gross lesions were observed in any birds in the control group ([Figs. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}D, G, J, M, P, and S). ", "Number of birds with gross lesions and mean lesion scores at necropsy were showed in [Table 1](#tbl0005){ref-type=\"table\"} .Table 1Number of birds with gross lesions and mean lesion scores at necropsy.", "LesionsGroup[a](#tblfn0005){ref-type=\"table-fn\"}Days of sampling (post-inoculation)3571015Cumulative totalTrachea\\\nYN1[b](#tblfn0010){ref-type=\"table-fn\"}\\\n(1.5)[c](#tblfn0015){ref-type=\"table-fn\"}2\\\n(2.0)2\\\n(2.0)2\\\n(2.0)2\\\n(2.0)9\\\n(1.9)aYN2\\\n(2.0)0\\\n(0)1\\\n(0.5)0\\\n(0)2\\\n(1.0)5\\\n(0.7)\\*\\*Proventriculus\\\nYN1\\\n(0.5)1\\\n(0.5)2\\\n(1.0)2\\\n(2.0)0\\\n(0)6\\\n(0.8)aYN0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)\\*\\*Duodenum\\\nYN2\\\n(1.5)1\\\n(1.5)2\\\n(1.0)1\\\n(1.0)1\\\n(1.0)7\\\n(1.2)aYN0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)\\*\\*Bursa of Fabricius\\\nYN0\\\n(0)1\\\n(0.5)2\\\n(2.0)2\\\n(3.0)2\\\n(2.0)7\\\n(1.5)aYN0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)1\\\n(0.5)0\\\n(0)1\\\n(0.5)2\\\n(0.2)\\*\\*Lung\\\nYN2\\\n(2.0)2\\\n(2.0)1\\\n(1.5)2\\\n(2.0)2\\\n(1.5)9\\\n(1.8)aYN0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)\\*\\*\\*Kidney\\\nYN2\\\n(2.0)1\\\n(1.5)2\\\n(3.0)2\\\n(3.0)2\\\n(2.0)9\\\n(2.3)aYN0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)0\\\n(0)\\*\\*\\*[^2][^3][^4][^5]\n\n### 3.1.3. ", "Histopathology and immunohistochemistry {#sec0105}\n\nThe microscopic lesions were consistent with the gross lesions described above. ", "Moderate to severe lesions were predominantly found between 3 and 10 dpi and were more common in the chickens infected with the wild-type than the attenuated strain ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"} ). ", "Inflammatory cell infiltrates and varying degrees of epithelial desquamation of ciliated cells were detected in the trachea ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"}B and C), with hemorrhage and mucosa injury in some chickens.", "Fig. ", "2Histopathologic changes detected 7 dpi. ", "B and C: black arrows indicate extensive drop out, degeneration, and necrosis of the ciliated epithelial cells; the open arrow indicates subserosal hemorrhage. ", "E: black arrows indicate tubulointerstitial co;1;ngestion. ", "F: black arrows indicate tubulointerstitial expansion and the open arrow indicates tubulointerstitial lymphocytic infiltrates. ", "H and I: black arrows indicate hemorrhages; the open arrow indicates bronchial mucosal infiltration and congestion. ", "K and L: black arrows indicate erythrocytes, inflammation, and exudates adhered to the mucous membrane surfaces; the open arrow indicates inflammatory infiltration of the lamina propria. ", "A--F, J--O: scale bar =  50 μm; G--I, P--R: scale bar = 100 μm.", "\n\nFoci of necrosis and intense multifocal nephritis, interstitial congestion, with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and tubular dilation were scattered throughout the kidneys of YN-inoculated chickens ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"}E and F). ", "Proteinaceous material was detected in the tubules of a number of YN-inoculated chickens. ", "Congestion, hemorrhages, erythrocytes and lymphocytes were frequently detected in the bronchial and air capillary lumina of the lungs. ", "A number of YN-inoculated chickens exhibited bronchiectasis ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"}H and I).", "\n\nIn the proventriculus, lesions included loss of mucosal epithelium with inflammatory cell infiltration ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"}K and L). ", "No histologic evidence of damage was detected in the duodenum and bursa ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"}N, O, Q, and R). ", "No IBV-related lesions were observed in the control birds ([Fig. ", "2](#fig0010){ref-type=\"fig\"}A, D, G, J, M, and P). ", "Histological scores in different organs of SPF chicks inoculated with YN or aYN were showed in [Table 2](#tbl0010){ref-type=\"table\"} .Table 2Histology in different organs of SPF chicks inoculated with YN or aYN.OrgansGroupDays of sampling (post-inoculation)3571015TracheaYN++[a](#tblfn0020){ref-type=\"table-fn\"}+++++++++aYN+--+--+ProventriculusYN+++++--aYN----+----DuodenumYN----------aYN----------Bursa of FabriciusYN----------aYN----------LungYN++++++++++aYN--+++--KidneyYN+++++++++++aYN--++----[^6]\n\nThe presence of IBV antigen was widely detected in all IBV target organs. ", "The cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the mucosa and lamina propria of the trachea, air capillaries, renal tubules, proventriculus, duodenum, and bursa of Fabricius all had immunoreactivity. ", "More intense immunoreactivity was noted within the YN-inoculated group than in the attenuated group ([Fig. ", "3](#fig0015){ref-type=\"fig\"} ).Fig. ", "3Immunohistochemical detection of IBV antigens at 7 dpi. ", "Black arrows indicate viral antigen immunoreactivity. ", "Scale bar = 50 μm.", "\n\n### 3.1.4. ", "TEM {#sec0110}\n\nTo further examine IBV replication in the respiratory tract, we observed the virus particles using transmission electron microscopy. ", "As shown in [Fig. ", "4](#fig0020){ref-type=\"fig\"} A and B, typical coronavirus particles were noted in the lumina of tracheas inoculated with each of the virus strains.", "Fig. ", "4Transmission (A--B) and scanning (C--K) electron micrographs of tracheal epithelium at 7 dpi. ", "A, B: virus particles in the tracheal lumen. ", "C, F, I: control epithelium (×600, ×2.0K, and ×20.0K, respectively). ", "D, G, J: respiratory epithelium from YN attenuated infected chickens (×600, ×2.0K, and ×5.0K, respectively). ", "E, H, K: respiratory epithelium from YN infected chickens (×600, ×2.0K, and ×5.0K, respectively).", "\n\n### 3.1.5. ", "SEM {#sec0115}\n\nSEM examination of YN-infected tracheas revealed severe lesions in the respiratory mucosa caused by replication of the inoculated virus ([Fig. ", "4](#fig0020){ref-type=\"fig\"}E, H, and K). ", "This was evidenced by severe erosion of the respiratory epithelium with associated inflammation. ", "In the YN attenuated group, relatively mild tracheal damage was observed ([Fig. ", "4](#fig0020){ref-type=\"fig\"}D, G, and J). ", "No lesions were observed in the tracheas of control birds ([Fig. ", "4](#fig0020){ref-type=\"fig\"}C, F, and I).", "\n\n### 3.1.6. ", "Viral genome copy number in tissues {#sec0120}\n\nNo viral DNA was detected in tissues from groups before inoculation and in mock-infected chickens. [", "Table 3](#tbl0015){ref-type=\"table\"} shows results of viral DNA testing from both infected groups. ", "The proportion of positive samples in the group infected with the YN strain was significantly higher than that of the attenuated group.", "Table 3Tissue tropisms in 35-day-old SPF chickens.", "GroupOrganProventriculusLungTrachealDuodenumKidneyBursaYN attenuated4/102/106/102/105/107/10YN6/104/108/106/146/108/10\n\nThe time-dependent viral load levels in different organs of infected groups are shown in [Fig. ", "5](#fig0025){ref-type=\"fig\"} . ", "The viral DNA levels in the spleen, lung, and duodenum in the YN group peaked at 3 dpi and subsequently gradually decreased. ", "No virus was detected in the YN attenuated samples from similar time points. ", "The maximum amount of viral DNA was detected at 5 dpi in the tracheas of both groups and the proventriculus and bursa from the YN group. ", "Viral loads in the kidneys of both groups increased starting at 5 dpi and peaking at 7 and 10 dpi for the YN and attenuated strains, respectively. ", "The proventriculus and lung samples from the YN attenuated group peaked at 7 dpi, and the duodenum and bursa of fabricius samples from the YN attenuated group had peak viral numbers at 10 dpi. ", "All samples except those from the proventriculus contained more viral copies in the YN group. ", "In addition, the number of copies of viral DNA in the trachea and kidneys were significantly greater than other organs at the same time.", "Fig. ", "5Viral loads in samples after YN or YN attenuated strain infection. ", "The significance was considered as follows: significant at *P* ≤ 0.05 (\\*), highly significant at *P* ≤ 0.01 (\\*\\*), and very highly significant at *P* ≤ 0.001 (\\*\\*\\*).", "\n\n### 3.1.7. ", "Serology {#sec0125}\n\nAntibody responses were measured using a commercial ELISA kit (IDEXX Laboratories). ", "Antibodies against IBV were not detected in any groups before inoculation (0 dpi) and were never detected in the mock-infected group. ", "Chickens in both infected groups seroconverted by 21 dpi and the mean titers induced by the YN and YN attenuated were 2587 and 5504, respectively. ", "The differences in the mean titers between birds inoculated with the YN and YN attenuated strains were significantly different (*P*  \\< 0.05) ([Fig. ", "1](#fig0005){ref-type=\"fig\"}B).", "\n\n3.2. ", "Protective efficacy of aYN {#sec0130}\n-------------------------------\n\n### 3.2.1. ", "Clinical observations {#sec0135}\n\nBirds in unvaccinated groups which challenged with the YN or SD strain showed clinical signs and death as early as 4dpc. ", "Diseased chicks showed signs of listlessness, huddling, ruffled feathers, increased water intake, and slight watery diarrhea. ", "During the observation period, the mortality in group control-YN and control-SD were 28% and 67%, respectively ([Fig. ", "6](#fig0030){ref-type=\"fig\"} A). ", "No obvious clinical signs or deaths attributable to IBV were observed in aYN vaccinated groups and group control-NC.Fig. ", "6Survival percentage (A) and trachea ciliostasis scores (B) in chickens experimentally challenged with IBVYN and SD strains. ", "Bars indicate mean ± SD. ", "The significance was considered as follows: significant at *P* ≤ 0.05 (\\*), highly significant at P ≤ 0.01 (\\*\\*), and very highly significant at *P* ≤ 0.001 (\\*\\*\\*).", "\n\nAt necropsy, all euthanized chickens showed the slight hemorrhage with serous catarrhal exudate in the trachea and typical kidney lesions characterized by obvious swelling and urate deposition in the tubules and ureters in group control-YN and control-SD. ", "No gross lesions were observed in any birds in aYN vaccinated groups and group control-NC.", "\n\n### 3.2.2. ", "Inhibition of the ciliary activity {#sec0140}\n\nInhibition of the ciliary activity was measured at 3 and 5 dpc in the trachea. ", "The group control-YN and control-SD showed a maximum average ciliostasis score of 4, while the average ciliostasis score in group aYN-YN and aYN-SD were below 1 ([Fig. ", "6](#fig0030){ref-type=\"fig\"}B). ", "The difference of ciliostasis was extremely significant between aYN vaccinated groups and unvaccinated groups (*P*  \\< 0.0001).", "\n\n### 3.2.3. ", "Detection of virus shedding in oral swabs {#sec0145}\n\nDetected by RT-PCR method, virus shedding rate was 100% in group control-YN and control-SD at 5dpc, while the rates were 0 and 30% in group aYN-YN and aYN-SD, respectively. ", "No virus was detected in the unchallenged group (Control-NC).", "\n\n4. ", "Discussion {#sec0150}\n=============\n\nThe best protection against challenge is achieved by a vaccine containing homologous strains ([@bib0100]). ", "As previously demonstrated in some reports, cross-protection is poor between different serotypes and genotypes of IBV strains. ", "Consequently, currently available vaccines cannot provide sufficient protection for heterologous challenge ([@bib0035], [@bib0105], [@bib0125]). ", "The S1 gene of IBV has serotype-specific and neutralization-specific epitopes. ", "Serotype evolution and the genetic diversity of IBV are monitored by analysis of the S1 gene. ", "The majority of QX-like IBV isolates present in the field in China had poor similarity in the S1 part of the spike protein with vaccine strains, indicating the antigenic differences and large evolutionary distances between vaccine strains and IBV field strains in China ([@bib0125], [@bib0175]). ", "Despite the widespread use of live attenuated IBV vaccine (mass serotype), such as strains H120, H52, and Ma5, vaccinated chicken flocks usually fail to achieve complete protection against field virulent IBV challenge. ", "The poultry industry has, in recent years, detected an increasing incidence of outbreaks related to QX-like IBV strains of different serotypes in many countries ([@bib0005], [@bib0150], [@bib0160], [@bib0170]). ", "Optimal vaccines against circulating IBV strains in China require attenuated vaccines designed from local strains in China. ", "A previous IBV isolate (the YN strain) was passaged 118 times through SPF chicken embryonated eggs. ", "As a result of this process, the virus becomes more adapted to the embryo, reflected by more efficient replication and higher pathogenicity for the embryo (data not shown). ", "This attenuated YN strain was inoculated via the oral or oculonasal route into SPF chickens to compare the tissue tropism and pathogenicity to its parent strain.", "\n\nAfter infection, birds in the attenuated group showed no common clinical signs as those observed in birds inoculated with the YN strain. ", "However, gross lesions, although much milder and in fewer organs than those in chicks infected with the YN strain, were still detectible at necropsy. ", "Histopathology indicated lower pathogenicity of the attenuated strain, which showed moderate inflammatory infiltration and epithelial degeneration. ", "Lesions caused by the YN strain were similar to those described in the previous report, which characterized it as a virulent QX-like IBV strain ([@bib0085]).", "\n\nIn general, the systemic distribution of YN antigen was demonstrated by IHC staining and was most abundant in the respiratory and urinary systems. ", "The epithelia of the trachea and alimentary tract of the YN-infected group were strongly immunoreactive to IBV antigens compared with the attenuated group. ", "The presence of virus particles in both the infected groups post-inoculation indicates that a significant viral infection was delivered to the experimental SPF chickens and suggests that ciliated respiratory tract cells play a significant role in viral replication. ", "These lesions appeared to damage the host cell, leading to the loss of cellular functions and decreasing immunity, increasing the opportunities for secondary or multiple infections ([@bib0080]). ", "However, the increased antigen production and cilia loss in the YN strain supports it being more pathogenic than the attenuated strain.", "\n\nIn terms of the real-time RT-qPCR examination, both strains were detected in respiratory and non-respiratory tissues, including the kidney, trachea, lungs, proventriculus, duodenum, and bursa of Fabricius, indicating viral replication in these organs; however, this was relatively limited in the birds infected with the YN attenuated strain. ", "We also observed that the viral RNA levels in the tracheas of birds in both groups declined after the peak, then reached another small peak. ", "Loss of ciliated columnar epithelium, and, presumably, the associated viral replication in those cells, is a common lesion with IBV infection ([@bib0025], [@bib0090]). ", "The small peak may be related to the recovery of the epithelial cells in the upper-respiratory tract after extensive damage at the early infection period.", "\n\nAmong the tissues examined by histopathology, the damage was most severe in the trachea and kidney, the primary target organs of IBV ([@bib0155]). ", "The viral loads were highest in these two organs. ", "Therefore, the higher the viral load, the more severe the histologic damage, and the stronger the positive signal.", "\n\nThe YN attenuated strain was able to induce a higher humoral antibody response following inoculation. ", "This suggests that this strain may be useful in vaccination programs under field conditions to reduce the economic losses caused by QX-like IBV infections on commercial layer and broiler farms.", "\n\nInformation regarding vaccine efficacy against circulating infectious bronchitis virus strains of China will provide valuable knowledge for the poultry industry when considering vaccine types. ", "Therefore we invested the efficiency of the YN attenuated strain to determine if it could provide protection against the homologous and heterologous virulent strains. ", "The results indicated that the strain aYN protected SPF birds against morbidity and mortality from challenge with the highly virulent strains YN and SD.", "\n\nAssessment of immunity to challenge with IBV is most commonly done by removal of trachea at 4 or 5 days after challenge followed by either quantification of ciliostasis ([@bib0045], [@bib0060]) or detection of viral shedding. ", "There was a clear decrease in ciliostasis scores in the YN attenuated vaccinated groups compared with the unvaccinated groups after challenge with homologous and heterologous virulent strains, indicating the YN attenuated strain could protect the respiratory tract efficiently. ", "In addition, virus shedding in the infected chickens is a big challenge to the control of infectious bronchitis virus. ", "It would encourage viral spread among chickens and support virus persistence. ", "Thus the reduction of virus excretion should be taken into consideration when choosing the vaccine type and program. ", "In our experiment, a significant decrease was observed in the vaccinated groups after challenge. ", "We also noticed that the virus shedding inhibition in YN challenged group was more significant than the SD challenged group, which indicating that the vaccine strain could provide a better protection against the challenge with homologous strains.", "\n\nThe genetic mechanism responsible for loss of pathogenicity is still not well understood. ", "The S1 gene is responsible for induction of protective immunity, and small differences in S1 contribute to poor cross protection([@bib0035]). ", "It has been shown that a number of amino acid residues in S1 contribute to IBV attenuation ([@bib0055], [@bib0130]). ", "Besides the S1 subunit, the nucleocapsid protein can also induce protective immune responses in chickens([@bib0020]). ", "Previous studies have shown that amino acid substitutions within the replicase gene may result in attenuation following serial passage in embryonated eggs ([@bib0010]). ", "Further genetic investigation will be necessary to determine the key mutations responsible for the attenuation in this sample. ", "Moreover, the stability of the vaccine and its tendency to revert should be investigated in the future study before administration in the field to ensure the security and reliability of this vaccine.", "\n\nThe attenuated YN strain showed lower replicate ability and decreased pathogenicity than its parent strain, with an efficacious protection against homologous and heterologous field strains, indicating the potential to become an alternative vaccine candidate for controlling IB infections in China.", "\n\nConflict of interest {#sec0155}\n====================\n\nThe authors declare no conflict of interest.", "\n\nThis study was supported by Beijing Agriculture Innovation Consortium of Poultry Research System.", "\n\n[^1]: These authors contributed equally to this study.", "\n\n[^2]: The significance was considered as follows: significant at P≤0.05 (\\*), highly significant at *P* ≤ 0.01 (\\*\\*), and very highly significant at *P* ≤ 0.001 (\\*\\*\\*).", "\n\n[^3]: YN group infected with YN strain; aYN group infected with attenuated YN strain. ", "There were no lesions in birds in the control group.", "\n\n[^4]: No. ", "of birds with lesions out of two birds.", "\n\n[^5]: Mean lesion scores out of two birds.", "\n\n[^6]: Mean of the severity index from two chicks: -, no change; +, mild; + +, moderate; +++, severe.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }

[ 0, 0.012422360248447204, 0.012658227848101266, 0, 0, 0.013333333333333334, 0.00796812749003984, 0.019801980198019802, 0, 0.008620689655172414, 0.005291005291005291, 0.020202020202020204, 0.022988505747126436, 0.021739130434782608, 0.019230769230769232, 0.006944444444444444, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0.010752688172043012, 0.009900990099009901, 0.005128205128205128, 0.012195121951219513, 0.01293103448275862, 0.006802721088435374, 0.011111111111111112, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.017857142857142856, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0, 0, 0.007575757575757576, 0.004405286343612335, 0.01020408163265306, 0.0072992700729927005, 0.008333333333333333, 0.005319148936170213, 0.009523809523809525, 0, 0, 0.012539184952978056, 0.00819672131147541, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005208333333333333, 0.0033783783783783786, 0, 0.003389830508474576, 0, 0.005780346820809248, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008, 0.006329113924050633, 0.00974025974025974, 0.01, 0, 0.009259259259259259, 0, 0, 0.006134969325153374, 0, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0, 0, 0, 0.01834862385321101, 0, 0.020618556701030927, 0, 0, 0.015503875968992248, 0.025, 0.010309278350515464, 0.0029239766081871343, 0, 0.01639344262295082, 0, 0.014423076923076924, 0.014925373134328358, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006211180124223602, 0, 0, 0.006060606060606061, 0.01910828025477707, 0.004629629629629629, 0.005434782608695652, 0, 0, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0.002320185614849188, 0, 0, 0.01293103448275862, 0.0049504950495049506, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009615384615384616, 0, 0.022727272727272728, 0, 0.005076142131979695, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.012987012987012988, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0.016129032258064516, 0, 0, 0, 0.01639344262295082, 0, 0.01020408163265306, 0.011363636363636364, 0, 0, 0, 0.004975124378109453, 0.0047169811320754715, 0, 0.005813953488372093, 0, 0.007633587786259542, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0048543689320388345, 0, 0, 0, 0.014925373134328358, 0, 0.008928571428571428, 0, 0.012658227848101266, 0, 0.03076923076923077, 0, 0.0034662045060658577, 0.010526315789473684, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.013422818791946308, 0.05555555555555555, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.020618556701030927, 0, 0.006289308176100629, 0.023809523809523808, 0, 0.025, 0, 0.015384615384615385, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009302325581395349, 0, 0.008, 0, 0.0072992700729927005, 0, 0.010362694300518135, 0.010638297872340425, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009523809523809525, 0.007462686567164179, 0.006802721088435374, 0.013422818791946308, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.00847457627118644, 0, 0.008264462809917356, 0.016, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005952380952380952, 0, 0, 0, 0.004405286343612335, 0.01639344262295082, 0, 0.006944444444444444, 0.007874015748031496, 0.020689655172413793, 0.012658227848101266, 0.031914893617021274, 0.02027027027027027, 0.0091324200913242, 0.023696682464454975, 0.008064516129032258, 0.01, 0, 0, 0, 0.006666666666666667, 0, 0.012738853503184714, 0.006711409395973154, 0, 0, 0.005128205128205128, 0, 0.005813953488372093, 0.0070921985815602835, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0.013422818791946308, 0, 0, 0, 0.0051813471502590676, 0, 0, 0.006578947368421052, 0.013157894736842105, 0.0035971223021582736, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008130081300813009, 0, 0.007042253521126761, 0.03418803418803419, 0.01694915254237288, 0.005917159763313609, 0, 0, 0.0033444816053511705, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nPassword security standards in web development\n\nI am just wondering, Is it standard to allow an administrator or more privileged user that has higher access than a public user to be able to change that public users password? ", "\n\nA:\n\nShort answer: \nIf the administrator is going to change password of a public user, it can never be standard, but also cannot be acceptable for any public user.", "\n\nLong answer:\nFirst of all, lets take a look at standard password protected systems which have multilevel users ranging from super user/administrator to the users you are calling public users or otherwise may be known as registered users/members.", "\nA password protected system may be an official website of an organization or institute or company or even may be only a website blog.", "\nNormally the super users/administrators may be the owners or at least the organizers of the system.", "\nPublic users normally may also be known as registered users/members may be customers or simply public beneficiaries of that password protected system.", "\nSuper user/administrator though itself is a user level, still it is supposed to manage all the users including registered users.", "\nNow lets see, is there any situation which may lead super user/administrator to change password of public user(s)? ", "First we have to imagine some scenarios while working with some password protected system:\nScenario 1: Some public user may have forgotten their password.", "\nIn this scenario a public user may forgot his/her password. ", "Now to regain access to his/her website account, he/she needs either to remember his/her forgotten password or change his/her forgotten password with some new. ", "If he/she is unable to remember his/her current password, then there is only the possibility to change password. ", "Now still the public user should have access to change his/her password. ", "But it is also possible that system itself changes the password and sends back to the user through e-mail, still it is not done manually by any administrator. ", "\nScenario 2: Some public user may have violated some rules, regulation or TOS presented by the website publisher and administrator wants to block him/her.", "\nIn this scenario some public user have done some violation of such level that he/she is not bearable as registered member then administrator has legal right to block that public user. ", "Still administrator is not going to touch password of that user.", "\nConclusion: \nAdministrator shouldn't, or rather can't, change password of some public user though there may be possibility of such a system that may exist only on LAN (Local Area Network) or some other sort of small system, where administrator if changes the password of some registered user, then only and only with his/her consent.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006493506493506494, 0, 0, 0.0029940119760479044, 0 ]

[ "They are the reigning European champions, and soon enough they will be Spanish champions too. ", "They are facing Bayern Munich in the Champions League quarter-final tomorrow, hunting for their third European Cup in four years. ", "So why is everyone still wondering whether Real Madrid are any good?", "\n\nThe team who walks out in white at the Allianz Arena on Wednesday could fairly claim to be the best in the world, led by the second and third most expensive footballers of all time. ", "But they do not play like it, they have not been all season and that is unlikely to change tomorrow. ", "Given how much they want to entertain they do not do it very often.", "\n\nOn Friday Zinedine Zidane surprised journalists at his press conference by floating the possibility that he could be sacked by Florentino Perez this summer. “", "I've one more year left,” Zidane said. “", "But I am not sure, so I am not preparing anything [for next season]. ", "I am thinking just about what I have left this season. ", "I am ready for everything.”", "\n\nReal Madrid's greatest-ever XI Show all 11 1 /11 Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Iker Casillas Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Chendo Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Fernando Hierro Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Sergio Ramos Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Roberto Carlos Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Pirri Nationaal Archief Fotocollectie Anefo Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Zinedine Zidane Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Cristiano Ronaldo Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Francisco Gento Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Raul Getty Real Madrid's greatest-ever XI Alfredo di Stefano Getty\n\nNo-one expected him to say that at the time but of course it is true. ", "Zidane understands better than anyone the forces that shape this club: the endless search for glamour, for buzz, for ilusión, all embodied in the ambitious capricious president Florentino Perez.", "\n\nZidane was a galactico himself once, so he knows how it works. ", "Perez signs the most exciting players he can find for huge fees. ", "Those players then play for Real Madrid. ", "If for any reason the manager does not pick them, Perez can replace him with someone who will.", "\n\nThat, in short, has been the problem this season. ", "Perez is attached to the ‘BBC’, the front-line he has spent more than €200m building over the last few years. ", "The BBC have been very successful for Real Madrid, delivering the 2014 and 2016 Champions Leagues, both against Atletico Madrid, both in dramatic circumstances. ", "You could not ask for much more than that.", "\n\nBut Cristiano Ronaldo has clearly peaked as a footballer, now at 32 years old and after an unprecedented 10-year purple patch. ", "He can do plenty of things well, but not everything anymore. ", "Karim Benzema is not in good form and has only scored nine league goals this season despite being first-choice centre forward. ", "Gareth Bale, who should be at his peak now at 27, has not been the same player after missing three months with an ankle injury.", "\n\nAnd yet the BBC continue to start in a 4-3-3 Zidane has built to provide a platform for them. ", "With none of them playing well, Real Madrid look top-heavy and unbalanced, with the midfield and defence too exposed. ", "Luka Modric, their most important player, is in a dip himself and suddenly the whole unit stops functioning.", "\n\nThere is public and press clamour for Zidane to drop his misfiring stars and replace them with more popular Spanish players, specifically Isco and Alvaro Morata. ", "Real Madrid have probably played their best football this season in a 4-4-2, rather than 4-3-3. ", "Morata has more league goals than Benzema in fewer games. ", "Isco is playing better than Bale and certainly brings more balance to the team.", "\n\nZidane knows that dropping the BBC would risk him losing his job. ", "Rafa Benitez did not help himself by not picking €80m man James Rodriguez back in 2015, although James has done little since to prove that Benitez was wrong.", "\n\nSo Zidane has little option but to stick with this Madrid team. ", "Yes, their results are good, with one loss in their last 16 games after a mid-January wobble. ", "But it is not the dazzling expansive football that all this money was meant to bring. ", "In fact, they have more set-piece goals than anyone else in Spain so far this season, 25. ", "According to Opta they lead La Liga in goals from corners and indirect free-kicks, with nine from each.", "\n\nTomorrow Zidane will face a man, Carlo Ancelotti, just as familiar with the egos, pressures and politics that make Real Madrid such an impossible job. ", "More importantly, this is still more or less Ancelotti’s team from his two-year spell at the Bernabeu. ", "He knows these players’ strengths and weaknesses and now possesses a machine at Bayern Munich that is more coherent and cohesive, and more able to do them damage.", "\n\nThe 'BBC' have led Real Madrid to two Champions League titles (Getty)\n\nEverything is set up for Bayern to give Real a nasty surprise tomorrow. ", "No team has defended the European Cup successfully since Milan in 1990, and this Madrid team is less convincing than most European champions since then. ", "But the great trick of this team is somehow to be overrated and underrated at the same time. ", "It is a mess of individual brilliance which is nowhere near as good as it should be. ", "And yet it has won two Champions Leagues out of three." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0, 0, 0.014705882352941176, 0, 0, 0, 0.0125, 0.025, 0, 0, 0, 0.010854816824966078, 0.005154639175257732, 0, 0, 0.024390243902439025, 0, 0, 0.01818181818181818, 0.018633540372670808, 0, 0.007751937984496124, 0, 0.007874015748031496, 0, 0.010416666666666666, 0.00847457627118644, 0.009259259259259259, 0.018292682926829267, 0, 0.034482758620689655, 0.012658227848101266, 0.014705882352941176, 0.025477707006369428, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.019417475728155338, 0.006535947712418301, 0.019417475728155338, 0.006172839506172839, 0.020689655172413793, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Saint-Clair, Lot\n\nSaint-Clair is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.", "\n\nSee also\nCommunes of the Lot department\n\nReferences\n INSEE commune file\n\nSaintclair" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.011235955056179775, 0.011764705882352941 ]

[ "Glial cells in the optic chiasm arise from the suboptic necrotic centers of the diencephalon floor: morphological evidence in the chick embryo.", "\nDuring early development of the optic chiasm in the chick embryo, before the arrival of the first optic axons (Stage 20), a characteristic spongy tissue appears medially between the suboptic necrotic centers (SONCs). ", "By the time the first optic axonal fascicles arrive in the contralateral tract (Stage 23), cell death has ceased to occur in the SONCs, which become dense clusters of primitive glial cells. ", "The clusters are steadily displaced medially during development, invading the spongy tissue and converging on the midline at Stage 27. ", "These cell clusters appear to defect rostrocaudally the course of optic axons arriving at the chiasm." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0.007407407407407408, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nHaskell: Compare two lists and display double elements\n\nI am trying to program with Haskell, but I can't figure out one of my needs.", "\nWhat I need:\nA function to compare two given lists and display the double elements (elements that are in both lists).", "\nUnfortunately I can't find anything helpfull on internet. ", "\nAnybody that could help or give me a kick in the right direction?", "\nThanks in advance!", "\nEq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]\n[a] `intersect` [a]\n\nA:\n\nA function which would take two lists and yield a list of elements which occur in both input lists would also require the lists to be comparable for equality. ", "So my first guess is that the signature is something like\nEq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]\n\nIf you feed this signature to Hoogle you'll find that the intersect function does what you want:\nPrelude Data.", "List> [5,7,9,8,1,3] `intersect` [3,8,10,4,7,11]\n[7,8,3]\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.007352941176470588, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004739336492890996, 0.005128205128205128, 0 ]

[ "\nNO. ", "07-07-0059-CV\n\nIN THE COURT OF APPEALS\n\nFOR THE SEVENTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS\n\nAT AMARILLO\n\nPANEL D\n\nAPRIL 10, 2007\n\n______________________________\n\n\nTEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, APPELLANT\n\nV.\n\nGALVESTON BAY CONSERVATION AND PRESERVATION ASSOCIATION,\r\nGALVESTON BAY FOUNDATION, AND MATAGORDA BAY FOUNDATION, APPELLEES\n\n\n_________________________________\n\nFROM THE 345TH DISTRICT COURT OF TRAVIS COUNTY;\n\nNO. ", "GN4-00160; HONORABLE SUZANNE COVINGTON, JUDGE\n\n_______________________________\n\n\nBefore QUINN, C.J., and CAMPBELL and PIRTLE, JJ.", "\n\n\nORDER ON MOTION FOR RE-TRANSFER OF RELATED APPEALS\n\n\n          Appellees, Galveston Bay Conservation and Preservation Association, Galveston\r\nBay Foundation, and Matagorda Bay Foundation have requested the Texas Supreme\r\nCourt transfer this case to the Thirteenth Court of Appeals at Corpus Christi for purposes\r\nof consistency and judicial economy. ", " Following the procedure set forth in Miles v. Ford\r\nMotor Company,\n Appellees have filed their motion with both the Texas Supreme Court\r\nand the Seventh Court of Appeals. ", " Appellees request this Court forward the motion to the\r\nTexas Supreme Court with written designation as to whether this Court has any objection\r\nto the proposed transfer. ", " Appellant has filed a response opposing the relief requested. ", "\r\nHaving considered the arguments and authorities presented, the Seventh Court of Appeals\r\ndefers to the wisdom and judgment of the Texas Supreme Court, but states that it has no\r\nobjection to the transfer of this case to the Thirteenth Court of Appeals.", "\n          Accordingly, the Clerk of this Court is ordered to forward Appellees’ Motion for Re-Transfer of Related Appeals and Appellant’s Response to the Texas Supreme Court for\r\ndetermination. ", " Pending an order from the Texas Supreme Court, nothing herein shall be\r\nconstrued as abating, extending, or otherwise altering any appellate deadline in this cause.", "\n \n                                                                           Per Curiam\n\r\n. ", " 2001). ", " Stated another way, a question is a commitment question if\r\none or more of the possible answers is that the prospective juror would resolve or refrain\r\nfrom resolving an issue in the case on the basis of one or more facts contained in the\r\nquestion. ", "Id. at 180. ", " Hypothetical questions may be asked during voir dire to determine\r\nthe views of prospective jurors and help explain the law, but a commitment question is\r\nimproper unless the facts included in the hypothetical are limited to those necessary to\r\nestablish whether the prospective juror is subject to challenge for cause. ", "Id. at 182. ", "A\r\nvenire member may be challenged for cause if he possesses a bias against a phase of the\r\nlaw upon which the State or the defendant is entitled to rely. ", "Tex. ", "Code Crim. ", "Proc. ", "Ann.", "\r\nart. ", "35.16(b)(3) & (c)(2) (Vernon Supp. ", "2003).", "\nAppellant's counsel objected to four questions posed by the prosecutor. ", " The first\r\nof the four questions, in which the prosecutor inquired of the prospective jurors whether\r\nthe phrase \"in the course of committing theft\" requires that the theft be successful, is a\r\ncommitment question. ", " It hypothetically asks the prospective jurors whether they would find\r\nthat an act was committed \"in the course of committing theft\" on the basis of whether the\r\ntheft was successful, i.e., (in the prosecutor's words) the actor did not get away with the\r\nproperty. (", "1) It is not, though, an improper commitment question. ", " An act may be committed\r\n\"in the course of committing theft\" even though the theft was not successful. ", "Garza v.\r\nState, 937 S.W.2d 569, 570-71 (Tex.", "App.-San Antonio 1996, writ ref'd). ", "A prospective\r\njuror who would require the State to show that the theft was successful in order to make\r\nthe finding would be subject to challenge for cause, since that juror would require the State\r\nto prove a fact that the statute expressly does not require. ", "See Castillo v. State, 913\r\nS.W.2d 529 (Tex.", "Crim.", "App. ", "1995); White v. State, 779 S.W.2d 809 (Tex.", "Crim.", "App. ", "1989)\r\n(prospective juror Simmons). (", "2) The first question, therefore, does not contain more facts\r\nthan necessary to establish whether the venire member was subject to challenge for\r\ncause. ", "It was not an abuse of the trial court's discretion to permit the question.", "\nThe second and fourth questions to which appellant objected contain no facts at\r\nall, but simply restate elements of the definition of the phrase \"in the course of committing\r\ntheft\" from the Penal Code. ", "Those questions therefore were not commitment questions.", "\r\nThe trial court did not abuse its discretion in overruling appellant's objections to them. (", "3)\nAppellant's objection to the prosecutor's third question was sustained, and\r\nappellant requested no further relief from the trial court. ", " No complaint is presented for our\r\nreview, therefore, with respect to that objection. ", "Tex.", "R.App.", "Proc. ", "33.1; See Tucker v.\r\nState, 990 S.W.2d 261, 262 (Tex.", "Crim.", "App. ", "1999); Dixon v. State, 2 S.W.3d 263, 265\r\n(Tex.", "Crim.", "App. ", "1998) (preservation of error requires adverse ruling from the trial court);\r\nSchumacher v. State, 72 S.W.3d 43, 47 (Tex.", "App.-Texarkana 2001, pet. ", "ref'd) (applying\r\nrule to comment during voir dire). ", " Further, it is a prerequisite to appellate review of the\r\ntrial court's ruling on an objection, that the issue raised on appeal correspond to the\r\nobjection made at trial. ", "See Dixon, 2 S.W.3d at 265. ", " Appellant's objection to the\r\nprosecutor's third question was that it asked for \"conclusions of law from the jury.\" ", " That\r\nobjection would not preserve for appellate review a complaint that the question is an\r\nimproper commitment question. ", "\nIn summary, we find that the questions as to which appellant has preserved her\r\ncomplaints of error did not improperly attempt to commit the jury panel to the resolution of\r\nissues based on particular facts, but were permissible attempts to explain the law and\r\ndetermine the prospective jurors' ability to follow it. ", "See Standefer, 59 S.W.3d at 182;\r\nAtkins, 951 S.W.2d at 789. ", " Appellant's first point of error is overruled.", "\t\nIn her second point of error, appellant complains that the prosecutor impermissibly\r\nprejudiced the jury by referring to an extraneous offense, not in the record, during closing\r\narguments of the punishment phase of the trial. ", "\nDuring the punishment phase, the prosecutor entered appellant's \"pen packet\" into\r\nevidence, without objection by the defense. ", " In closing argument to the jury, the prosecutor\r\nreferred to two offenses of theft committed by appellant in November of 1996 and January\r\nof 1997. ", " These offenses were listed in a Motion to Revoke Probation contained in the pen\r\npacket. ", " Appellant's counsel objected to the reference to these two offenses, on the basis\r\nthat they were not part of the record. ", "Appellant asked for a jury instruction to disregard the\r\nprosecutor's statement. ", " The court sustained the objection, and instructed the jury not to\r\nrefer to that information. ", " Appellant did not ask for a mistrial. ", "\n\nWith its appellee's brief, the State has submitted an agreement between the\r\nparties pursuant to Rule 34.6(e) of the Rules of Appellate Procedure. ", "The State and\r\nappellant have, by agreement, corrected an inaccuracy in the reporter's record of the trial.", "\r\nThe agreement is to the effect that the offenses to which the prosecutor referred in his\r\nargument were in evidence at the time of the prosecutor's argument and were not then\r\noutside the record. ", "The agreement further states that, after the State's argument on\r\npunishment, the exhibit containing that information was redacted by the trial court in a way\r\nthat deleted the references to the offenses. ", "\n\tBased on the agreement, we find no impropriety in the prosecutor's argument. ", " The\r\nState further points out that even if the prosecutor's argument was improper, no complaint\r\nof error concerning it was preserved at trial for appellate review. ", " To preserve error, a\r\nspecific objection must be pressed to the point of obtaining an adverse ruling, whether that\r\nis to an objection, a request that the jury be instructed to disregard the evidence, or a\r\nmotion for mistrial. ", "See Tucker, 990 S.W.2d at 262; Hernandez v. State, 914 S.W.2d 226,\r\n230 (Tex.", "App.-Waco 1996, no pet.). ", " Here, the trial court sustained appellant's objection\r\nto the argument and instructed the jury accordingly. ", "Appellant's brief argues that the\r\nevidence of these two extraneous offenses was so prejudicial that even the instruction to\r\ndisregard could not remove their prejudicial effect. ", " If so, preservation of the error for\r\nappellate review required that the trial court be given the opportunity to cure the error via\r\na motion for mistrial. (", "4) In the absence of the denial of such a motion, appellant cannot\r\nhere complain of the alleged error. ", "See Cockrell v. State, 933 S.W.2d 73, 89\r\n(Tex.", "Crim.", "App. ", "1996). ", "Appellant's second point of error is overruled. ", "\n\tHaving overruled appellant's points of error, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.", "\n\t\t\t\t\t\tJames T. Campbell\n\t\t\t\t\t\t Justice\n\n\n\n\nDo not publish. ", " \n\n\n1. ", "The \"success\" of the theft was a potential issue in the case, since the testimony\r\nwould indicate that appellant did not remove the figurine from the store. ", "\r\n2. ", "Such a prospective juror would thus be objectionable under article 35.16(b)(3) of\r\nthe Code of Criminal Procedure, unlike the prospective juror in Castillo, who the Court of\r\nCriminal Appeals found not to be subject to challenge for cause simply because of his\r\nunderstanding of the nature of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. ", "Castillo, 913 S.W.2d at\r\n535. ", " \r\n3. ", "Appellant argues also that the fourth question was premised on the third question,\r\ncontaining the factual situation he had been instructed by the court to avoid, and that in\r\ncombination the questions result in an improper attempt to commit the panel. ", "We do not\r\nagree with appellant's reading of the record. ", "As we read the record, the premise of the\r\nprosecutor's fourth question to which appellant objected was the question that immediately\r\npreceded it, in which the prosecutor asked \"Will you agree with me that there are a whole\r\nhost of different ways that a robbery can occur?\"", "\r\n4. ", "The case cited by appellant, Melton v. State, 713 S.W.2d 107 (Tex.", "Crim.", "App.", "\r\n1986), illustrates the proper procedure. ", "There, the defendant's counsel objected to the\r\nprosecutor's closing argument. ", "The trial court sustained the objection and ordered the jury\r\nto disregard the prosecutor's statement. ", "The defendant's counsel then moved for a\r\nmistrial, which was denied. ", "Id. at 114. ", " \r\n\r\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

[ 0, 0.01674641148325359, 0.031007751937984496, 0.014164305949008499, 0.023255813953488372, 0.01744186046511628, 0, 0.011811023622047244, 0.02564102564102564, 0.006060606060606061, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0064516129032258064, 0, 0.09090909090909091, 0, 0, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.044444444444444446, 0.027777777777777776, 0.007662835249042145, 0, 0.2, 0, 0, 0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.16666666666666666, 0, 0.03773584905660377, 0.2, 0, 0.0425531914893617, 0.2, 0, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0, 0.005780346820809248, 0.07142857142857142, 0, 0, 0, 0.03278688524590164, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.013422818791946308, 0.009345794392523364, 0, 0.004878048780487805, 0, 0, 0, 0.025974025974025976, 0.038461538461538464, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0425531914893617, 0.2, 0, 0, 0.020833333333333332, 0, 0.015384615384615385, 0, 0, 0, 0.009202453987730062, 0.03333333333333333, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.015151515151515152, 0.2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "what's wrong with this c++ code, help!!!", "\n\nThis is a discussion on what's wrong with this c++ code, help!!! ", "within the C++ Programming forums, part of the General Programming Boards category; Wow...this is interesting:\nCode:\ncin.ignore(cin.rdbuf()->in_avail()+1);\nWhat in the world does that do?...", "\n\nIf I did your homework for you, then you might pass your class without learning how to write a program like this. ", "Then you might graduate and get your degree without learning how to write a program like this. ", "You might become a professional programmer without knowing how to write a program like this. ", "Someday you might work on a project with me without knowing how to write a program like this. ", "Then I would have to do you serious bodily harm. - ", "Jack Klein" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0.010526315789473684, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.1 ]

[ "Quick Look: EX: Warhammer 40,000: Space Marine\n\nRelic drop-pods their way into our office to show Brad and Vinny the best way to vanquish the green horde.", "\n\nSit back and enjoy as the Giant Bomb team takes an unedited look at the latest video games.", "\n\nAug. 2 2011\n\nPosted by: Drew" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.01948051948051948, 0.010752688172043012, 0 ]

[ "ANALYSIS/OPINION:\n\nCNN’s Don Lemon made national headlines just recently when he refused to cover Susan Rice, and the matter of her unmasking of names of those tied to President Donald Trump.", "\n\nHe said it was a non-story – and the conservative world, rightly so, reacted with accusations of bias. ", "That fiasco came on the heels of MSNBC’s Rachel Maddow’s long-winded, ridiculous report on Trump’s taxes – a 20-plus minute annoyance that ended with a revelation, basically, that went like this: Trump filed.", "\n\nWhat a nail-biter. ", "Once again, conservatives accused bias – once again, rightly so.", "\n\nAnd both those fiascos came on the heels of CNN’s Chris Cuomo calling out loud and angrily on national television that his job – heck, the job of all responsible members of the media – was to stand strong against Trump and serve as the “opposition” to all-things-White-House policy.", "\n\nBias?", "\n\nMost certainly.", "\n\nAnd yet there are those who still scoff at the idea of a biased mainstream media – at the notion that some in the press, many in the press, actually have active intents to take out Trump, tear down conservatives, trash the Republican Party, and build up the left.", "\n\nWell, let the facts speak for themselves then.", "\n\n1) George Stephanopolous, former White House adviser to ex-president Bill Clinton, went on from his administration position to become an ABC News anchor. ", "In April 2016, Stephanopolous interviewed Hillary Clinton about a range of political campaign issues — campaign issues that were wedged in between rising questions about her home-based email server and about curious contributions to her Clinton Foundation made in and around the time frame of her secretary of state service. ", "But know what was noticeably missing from this interview? ", "Stephanopolous’ mention of his donation of $75,000 to the Clinton Foundation. ", "Sort of interesting, right? ", "But then, so’s this: Ali Wentworth, Stephanoplolous’ wife, told the Hollywood Reporter back in November, when the election was supposed to go Clinton’s way: “If Trump wins, we’ll start looking at real estate in Sydney, Australia. ", "No crime, no guns.” ", "Not exactly what one would expect to hear from an unbiased newsman, is it? ", "Just don’t ask Stephanopolous to admit the bias. ", "The MRCTV’s Joe Schoffstall did, during the 2012 Republican National Convention in Tampa, Florida. ", "And the then-“Good Morning America” host’s reply, when asked if he believes in a liberal-leaning bias in the media? “", "I don’t,” he said. ", "So that’s that.", "\n\n2) Christiane Amanpour, the chief international correspondent for CNN and an anchor for one of the network’s flagship foreign affairs broadcasts, has been married to James Rubin since 1998 — yes, the same James Rubin who served as the Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs in the Clinton White House for three years. ", "That’s a fancy title; what Rubin really did, at least in part, was serve as a mouthpiece for Madeleine Albright for foreign policy. ", "Hmm, wonder where Amanpour got her information? ", "Rubin also previously served as a senior policy adviser to then-Sen. Joe Biden, again on foreign affairs. ", "Oh, and one more Rubin role that might be worth mentioning: In 2008, he served on Hillary Clinton’s campaign for the Democratic Party’s presidential nomination – and then as Clinton’s senior media adviser for national security affairs in 2016. ", "Of course, the left-leanings of Rubin may not have any effect on Amanpour, right? ", "Decide for yourself. ", "Amanpour in a December 2016 statement warned about “Trump’s rhetoric against the press” — that it was creating a “very dangerous” climate for journalists. ", "That was after a November 2016 post-election piece she penned for CNN in which she decried the use of one candidate’s social media accounts — wonder who she meant? — ", "to do “a savvy end run around us” in the press, and called for Facebook to “step up” and censor the fake, i.e. pro-conservative, pro-Trump, reports. ", "She also penned this in the same piece, again without naming names: “So yes, like so many around the world, I was shocked — very few ever imagined that so many Americans conducting their sacred duty in the sanctity of the voting booth, with their secret ballot, would be angry enough to ignore the wholesale vulgarity of language, the sexual predatory behavior, the deep misogyny, the bigoted and insulting views.” ", "Since it’s highly unlikely Amanpour was pointing to Clinton, the sole woman candidate in the election, as a misogynist, it’s apparent she was blasting Trump — without even having the moral courage to name him.", "\n\n3) Chuck Todd, of NBC fame, is married to Democratic operative, Kristian Denny Todd. ", "Denny Todd has quite an interesting career, rooted deep in Democratic-progressive politics. ", "She served in 1992 as an aide to Florida’s then-Speaker of the House Bolley “Bo” Johnson – the same “Bo” Johnson who went to jail in 1999 for a two-year sentence for tax evasion. ", "She then headed west for work, serving for the next five years in U.S. Rep. Gary Condit’s office – the same Democratic Californian Gary Condit who was later investigated for the disappearance of his office intern, Chandra Levy, whose body was discovered in a Washington, D.C., park in 2002. ", "Moving on: Denny Todd then worked for the Democratic Party in Washington state, for the reelection campaign of Democratic Sen. Ernest “Frits” Hollings, for the office of Democratic Sen. Patty Murray, for the leadership PAC for Democratic U.S. Sen. John Edwards – and for Edwards’ failed presidential campaign – and then for Democratic U.S. Sen. Bob Graham. ", "Starting to see the trend? ", "She’s also helped with Democratic Sen. John Kerry’s political run for president in 2004, and with Democratic Sen. Jim Webb’s win over career Republican Sen. George Allen – a race that tipped scales in the Senate toward the Democrats. ", "In 2007, Denny Todd embraced her far-left roots and created Maverick Strategies & Mail, an organization that helps progressives achieve their political and policy goals. ", "She fought hard to get out the Democratic vote in North Carolina in 2008, helping turn many seats from red to blue – a wave that swept the state, ultimately, into Barack Obama’s win column. ", "And in 2014, she jumped aboard the Muriel Bowser bandwagon and assisted with that Democrat’s win of the mayoral office in Washington, D.C. Denny Todd currently works as an adjunct professor at Columbia University in New York City, teaching crisis communications. ", "So how’s that all circle back to Todd, and his supposedly unbiased news coverage for NBC? ", "As Newsbusters reported: “Maverick Mail & Strategies, the firm Mrs. Todd founded in 2007 with fellow James Webb aides Steve Jarding and Jessica Vanden Berg, did heavy lifting for openly socialist Bernie Sanders for president.” ", "Indeed. ", "Between January and April of 2016, the organization donated $1.99 million to “Bernie 2016” in 10 separate payments, according to Open Secrets, the financial watchdog project of the Center for Responsive Politics. ", "And as Newsbusters reported: Todd, during 11 interviews with Sanders in 2016, “never disclosed this business relationship” to viewers. ", "Interesting? ", "Yes. ", "Significant? ", "Yes. ", "Proof of Todd’s pro-leftist slant? ", "You decide.", "\n\n4) Laura Jarrett, daughter of Obama family friend and confidante, Valerie Jarrett, was hired by CNN to cover the Justice Department under President Donald Trump. ", "What are Jarrett’s qualifications for this position? ", "Well, certainly not journalism. ", "Here’s an excerpt from her bio on the CNN site: “Prior to joining CNN, Jarrett worked as a litigation attorney in Chicago. ", "In private practice, Jarrett focused on defending companies and individuals in government investigations brought by the Justice Department and Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as complex commercial litigation.” ", "How that’s played on the day-to-day is Jarrett’s jumped aboard some of the largest stories coming out of the Donald Trump administration – from immigration to the White House travel ban. ", "And surprise, surprise, her coverage isn’t exactly favorable to Trump. ", "In one tweet, she wrote: “‘undocumented’ doesn’t = criminal,” and included a link to her story that was titled, “Are undocumented immigrants committing a crime? ", "Not necessarily.” ", "She also tweeted a link to a video of CNN interviewing her about Trump’s executive orders prohibiting travelers from terror hot spots from entering U.S. borders for a short time, and it was entitled, “DHS report undercuts Trump rationale for #travelban.’” ", "Jarrett – both Laura and mom Valerie – couldn’t be closer to the Obamas. ", "Not only has Valerie moved into the Obama family home in Washington, D.C. But the whole Obama family – Barack, Michelle, Sasha and Melania – attended Laura’s wedding at mom Valerie’s house in Chicago in 2012. ", "The ties that bind.", "\n\n5) Not to be outdone by the Obama-Jarrett-CNN connection, former president Bill Clinton and first lady-slash-secretary-of-state-slash-failed-presidential-hopeful Hillary Clinton had their own familial “in,” at NBC, at least for a time, with their daughter, Chelsea. ", "NBC News hired Chelsea in November 2011 to serve as a special correspondent. ", "In 2014, her contract was up for renewal – and that’s when it was revealed her annual salary for the previous years’ service had been $600,000. ", "Not bad for zero experience. ", "It’s not as if Chelsea covered stories that painted Republicans in a poor light. ", "She helped with NBC reports on diabetes, on a fatal limousine accident, on a New Jersey wreck, on a General Motors safety matter, on Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, on people who flash laser beams at airplanes, on illnesses from food. ", "She also had a slew of pieces about poverty, animals who aid humans and other puff – like her riveting interview of the Geico gecko, where she asked how fame was affecting the little guy’s life. ", "But why would NBC pay such a high salary for such a no-experience individual? ", "Access – and accommodation. ", "Give Chelsea the big bucks, accommodate her elitist lifestyle, and NBC gets just as good in return from the Clinton family. ", "It’s an investment made in liberal matchmaking heaven. ", "After all, NBC has to compete with CBS and ABC.", "\n\n6) And speaking of CBS, take a look at Ben Rhodes, the aspiring novelist who seemed to forget his real life job as Obama’s national security adviser ought not to be rooted in fantasy, but truth, and who crossed to the dark side by selling a deception to the American people in order to secure a nuke deal with Iran for his boss. ", "Rhodes not only deceived – he bragged about it, crowing how media outlets no longer have on-ground outfits in overseas’ locations, so have to rely on people like him to tell what’s happening. ", "And that opened the doors for him to make the case, though his strategic “force multipliers” friends – Rhodes loyalists who would jump to attention and shout down any dissenting views on the nuke deal – that pretty much everybody in the world was on board with the agreement. ", "As the Federalist wrote: “[F]riendly media action covered illegal action. ", "Ignorant journalists who knew nothing but what they had been fed were willing partners in shutting down the debate” and any dissension about the deal. ", "And who were some of those friendly media partners? ", "Well, none other than CBS News, headed by network president David Rhodes, brother of Ben. ", "Interestingly, one of the network’s first major stories, post-presidential election, was to warn of the dangers of a Trump move to moot the nuke deal. ", "On November 11, 2016, CBS came out the gate with this: “Iran nuclear deal endangered if Donald Trump seeks to renegotiate its terms.”", "\n\n7) Stephanopolous isn’t the only ABC staffer with suspiciously close ties to Democrats. ", "Claire Shipman, wife of Jay Carney, former press secretary for Barack Obama, is a contributor on “Good Morning America” and other ABC News broadcasts, with interview credits that range from vice presidents Al Gore and Dick Cheney to presidents George Bush and Bill Clinton, as well as to Hillary Clinton and Queen Rania of Jordan. ", "She’s also a former overseas’ correspondent for CNN, and spent five years reporting from Moscow. ", "Shipman famously said in 2014 that Carney kept her “in the dark about the Osama bin Laden raid,” and that she only learned of the operation at the same time as the rest of the world. ", "But that didn’t make her unbiased. ", "In October 2008, before Carney took on the role as press secretary, Shipman wondered aloud about the “political rock star” status of Obama and how his wife, Michelle, dealt with all the women who “lusted after” him on a daily basis – more gush than non-biased.’” ", "But it’s not just the ties – it’s the utter failure of public disclosure of the ties. ", "As Newsbusters noted in an April 2014 report, news hosts outright failed to mention Shipman’s familial ties to the Obama administration about 75 percent of the time. ", "From the report: “Perhaps the most egregious omission of Shipman’s marriage to Carney came on April 21 when she appeared on MSNBC’s ‘The Cycle.’ ", "Co-host Abby Huntsman laughably mentioned, ‘Claire, full disclosure – I used to be an intern at ‘Good Morning America’ and I admired you so much.’ ", "Yet [Huntsman] couldn’t bother to find time to give ‘full disclosure’ to Shipman’s connection to the Obama White House.” ", "Right. ‘", "Cause that would’ve taken what, a precious two, three seconds, tops?", "\n\n8) Ben Sherwood, co-chairman of Disney Media Networks and president of the Disney-ABC Television Group – the latter of which bills itself as the biggest television company in the world, employing 10,000-plus people – recently announced a push to expand even more globally. ", "ABC Studios is “a huge growth engine,” he said in October, Variety reported. ", "And once again, there’s a Democratic tie. ", "Sister Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall served as deputy secretary at the U.S. Department of Energy, under Obama, between October 2014 and January 2017 – her last day was the 19th, one day before Donald Trump was inaugurated. ", "Previously, she served for Obama between 2009 and 2013 as special assistant to the president and as senior director for European affairs at the National Security Council. ", "Between 2013 and 2014, she also served as White House coordinator for defense policy, countering weapons of mass destruction and arms control. ", "And prior, in the Clinton administration, she was a deputy assistant secretary of defense for Russia, Ukraine and Eurasia, between 1994 and 1996. ", "But not to worry. ", "In a June 2013 report entitled, “Media, administration deal with conflicts,” the Washington Post wrote, “‘There is zero evidence, zero, that [Sherwood’s relationship] has had any impact on our coverage,’ says Jeffrey Schneider, ABC News’s chief spokesman.” ", "ABC also specified that Sherwood, at the time, stepped back from getting involved in arms control stories, his sister’s area of expertise. ", "But that’s not to say others at ABC didn’t avail themselves of Sherwood-Randall’s expertise – or that of those she recommended.", "\n\n9) Donna Brazile wasn’t the only CNN-er who was handing out pre-planned network coverage information to notable Democrats. ", "Virginia Moseley, who’s served since 2012 as a vice president at CNN and as its Washington deputy bureau chief, along with her husband, Tom Nides, who was deputy secretary of state under Hillary Clinton, have their own skeletons. ", "As a WikiLeaks document dump in November 2016 revealed, an email from Nides to then-Clinton campaign chair John Podesta read: “Good CNN poll coming.” ", "The reference was to a September survey that painted Clinton in a good light. ", "And Podesta quickly responded: “I’ll look forward to how that is spun.” ", "Nides at the time was talked about as a possible high-ranking administration official in a Clinton White House. ", "And while it’s not clear if Nides was handed that particular poll data from his wife, it is clear he did in fact obtain other bits and pieces of survey info from her during key moments in the campaign – and that he in turn sent along that data to Podesta. ", "That’s all according to released WikiLeaks emails from Podesta’s Gmail account. ", "And here’s a sample of an earlier secret information share from CNN to Nides to Podesta: As the Daily Caller reported, Moseley in October 2015 shared supposedly embargoed poll results from Iowa with her husband, who in turn passed the numbers – favorable to Clinton – along to Podesta, who replied via email, “Now we are talking.” ", "The same transfer of polled data – Moseley to husband Nides to Clinton staffer Podesta – took place with surveys in late January of 2016, as well. ", "CNN wasn’t dubbed Clinton News Network for nothing, it seems.", "\n\n10) Matthew Jaffe, a reporter for ABC News and Univision who covered the 2012 presidential campaign, and prior, the Treasury Department and Federal Reserve, and prior to that, the reelection campaign of then-Sen. Joe Biden, married in July 2012 a woman with tight Obama ties – Katie Hogan. ", "Hogan served at the time as Obama’s deputy press secretary. ", "As Mike Allen of Politico reported the wedding: “ObamaWorld attendees included Grant Campbell, Ben Finkenbinder, Caroline Hughes, Kate Kochman, Ben LaBolt, Katie Lillie, Katie McCormick Lelyveld and Tim Skoczek. ", "Media types included ABC’s Jon D. Garcia Rick Klein, Ben Krolowitz, John Parkinson, Emily Stanitz and Karen Travers, plus Mike Memoli of the L.A. Times/Chicago Tribune.” ", "The ties that bind? ", "A more unbiased media outlet would’ve removed Jaffe from all-things-political, instead of pretending his election-related and national affairs’ coverage wasn’t going to slant left, skew pro-Obama.", "\n\nThose are but a few examples.", "\n\nSusan Rice, former national security adviser and U.S. ambassador to the United Nations under Obama, is married to Ian Cameron, who served, until 2010, as an executive producer at ABC News. ", "Ari Shapiro, a White House correspondent for NPR, was wedded to lawyer Michael Gottlieb, who served on the White House legal team for Obama, beginning April 2013. ", "Joe Biden’s communications director, while vice president, was Shailagh Murrah, who was not only a former congressional reporter with the Washington Post, but who was also married to Neil King, a top Wall Street Journal political reporter. ", "Savannah Guthrie, who just returned after three months’ maternity leave to her co-host spot on NBC’s “Today” show, is married to Michael Feldman, a long-time political strategist and consultant who worked as a senior advisor and chief of staff for Al Gore, and as a chief liaison for the Clinton administration to Congress. ", "In 2013, ENews wrote this of Feldman’s political ties: “He’s connected.”", "\n\nHonestly, are there any unaffiliated, unbiased, conflict-of-interest free journalists left in mainstream media?", "\n\nFollow the money and it underscores the inherent biases and ties between mainstream media and Democrats even more.", "\n\nIn an October 2016 story from the nonprofit Public Integrity called “Buying of the President,” the headline said it all: “Journalists shower Hillary Clinton with campaign cash: Far fewer making contributions to Donald Trump, analysis shows.” ", "The piece opens with mention of Pulitzer Prize winner Emily Nussbaum, who serves as a television critic for the New Yorker, writing of Trump’s “ugly and xenophobic campaign,” all the while slipping – absent disclosure to the reader — $250 to Hillary Clinton’s team in April. ", "A few lines later, there’s this: Carole Simpson, former ABC “World News Tonight” anchor, made history by becoming the first black woman to moderate a presidential debate – but not as well-known is her donation to the Clinton campaign of $2,800.", "\n\nThe Center for Public Integrity found that of those who identified in federal campaign finance reports as journalists, anchors, reporters or editors, 430 donated a collective $382,000 to Clinton’s recent presidential campaign. ", "Only about 50 gave $14,000 gave to Trump.", "\n\nThat’s a 96 percent favoring of the media donors for Clinton, leading one to wonder, now that Trump’s elected: Just how fair a shake is he getting from the press?", "\n\nWhat’s worse than the actual donations, however, is the denial of bias. ", "Pew Research Center in 2004 conducted a survey of 547 reporters, editors and news executives and found 34 percent who worked in national outlets self-identified as liberal versus 7 percent as conservative. ", "Most – 54 percent – said their political views were “moderate.” ", "Another Pew Research Center study conducted in 2006, dubbed “The American Journalist” project, found in a survey of 1,080 journalists, 28 percent self-identified as Democratic, 7 percent as Republican and – get this – 50 percent independent.", "\n\nThat’s bunk. ", "Journalists are checking off the independent category so they can pretend unbiased.", "\n\nLook at this, from an April 2016 headline from the Washington Free Beacon, citing a new poll: “Not a single White House reporter is a Republican.” ", "And that poll was courtesy of Politico – not exactly a friend of the conservative base. ", "Of course, you’d have to look hard to find that fact among the thousands of words in the Politico story. ", "As the Free Beacon wrote: “Those results [were] buried in a story this week on President Barack Obama’s relationship with the press. ", "An infographic posted in the story reveals that not a single one of the 72 members of the White House press corps surveyed by the Virginia-based trade publication identifies with the GOP.”", "\n\nWhat a shocker, right?", "\n\nWell, give me an open bias over a cloaked, feigned, secretive bias any day. ", "Members of the media can profess all they want – wear whatever party pin they want – pretend independence and “no affiliation” all they want. ", "In the end, actions speak louder than bumper stickers. ", "One need only look at the dollars and donations, skim through the connections, marriages and Democratic Party-mainstream media ties, and it’s clear: the left-leaning press is alive, well and kicking in modern day America.", "\n\nSign up for Daily Opinion Newsletter Manage Newsletters\n\nCopyright © 2020 The Washington Times, LLC. ", "Click here for reprint permission." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.02617801047120419, 0, 0.014423076923076924, 0, 0, 0.01056338028169014, 0.14285714285714285, 0, 0.007547169811320755, 0, 0.02564102564102564, 0.006153846153846154, 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.013043478260869565, 0, 0, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0, 0, 0.0182370820668693, 0.015151515151515152, 0, 0.018867924528301886, 0.01639344262295082, 0.012195121951219513, 0, 0, 0.006024096385542169, 0.006711409395973154, 0, 0.004784688995215311, 0.034482758620689655, 0.010869565217391304, 0.0111731843575419, 0.010309278350515464, 0.022408963585434174, 0, 0.017094017094017096, 0.011764705882352941, 0.005263157894736842, 0.011406844106463879, 0.022222222222222223, 0.02643171806167401, 0, 0.004694835680751174, 0.014814814814814815, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0, 0.036585365853658534, 0.018867924528301886, 0, 0.024390243902439025, 0.013513513513513514, 0.016042780748663103, 0.014084507042253521, 0, 0, 0.015625, 0.0410958904109589, 0.028708133971291867, 0, 0.014925373134328358, 0.025974025974025976, 0, 0, 0.012345679012345678, 0.012875536480686695, 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.024193548387096774, 0, 0.06382978723404255, 0.00906344410876133, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.03333333333333333, 0.006622516556291391, 0.015037593984962405, 0.011111111111111112, 0.027190332326283987, 0.010309278350515464, 0.00546448087431694, 0, 0.0076045627376425855, 0, 0.012048192771084338, 0.006896551724137931, 0.013605442176870748, 0.008264462809917356, 0, 0, 0.01090909090909091, 0.025974025974025976, 0, 0.013636363636363636, 0.005847953216374269, 0.006993006993006993, 0.00684931506849315, 0, 0.01556420233463035, 0.014388489208633094, 0.015748031496062992, 0.016, 0.021739130434782608, 0.02666666666666667, 0.01282051282051282, 0.013888888888888888, 0.017857142857142856, 0.0078125, 0.025, 0.015105740181268883, 0.027210884353741496, 0.03278688524590164, 0.023972602739726026, 0.016666666666666666, 0.04245283018867924, 0.047058823529411764, 0, 0.00510204081632653, 0, 0.020942408376963352, 0.03067484662576687, 0.020833333333333332, 0.018518518518518517, 0.027777777777777776, 0, 0, 0.012295081967213115, 0.014545454545454545, 0.012295081967213115, 0.008733624454148471, 0.024390243902439025, 0.012195121951219513, 0, 0.0048543689320388345, 0, 0.004149377593360996, 0, 0, 0.013422818791946308, 0.011363636363636364, 0.009523809523809525, 0.007518796992481203, 0.010638297872340425, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004524886877828055, 0.019417475728155338, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nHow to photograph chocolate?", "\n\nI have often marveled (and gotten hungry) at the beautiful pictures in the blog Smitten Kitchen. ", "It documents mostly baking recipe, and chocolate spreads, ganaches, and pure molten chocolate are often present. ", "On the the blogger's pictures, it looks glossy, shiny and yummy. ", "It is smooth, but has a discernible texture caused by the pouring/spreading. ", "See for example this chocolate peanut butter cake post, and the chocolate stout cake post. ", "\nThe only time I tried to photograph chocolate, I ended up with \n\nNote that it had looked just like hers in my kitchen (this is very dark chocolate, probably 85%). ", "I also made sure that the white balance is more or less correct (that's what the white t-shirt in the corner was for). ", "The color is still unappealing, and the surface looks terrible. (", "I am aware that the composition and the smearing of the chocolate on the glass bowl are a bad idea, but assume that I will avoid them next time). ", "\nHow could I have made it silky-smooth and mouthwatering instead? ", "\n\nA:\n\nLet's start with the obvious, which you already know: Smitten Kitchen's photos firstly look good because they show off good food. ", "Your photo looks unappealing because it's a pile of chocolate smeared in a bowl. ", "Presentation is such an important part to making food look good -- if you can make it look good to eat in real life, then you at least have the opportunity to take a good photo of it.", "\nShooting into the bowl creates a technical problem that your photo shows off: the bowl is deep and harder to light evenly. ", "This was a problem for Smitten Kitchen, too: both of the linked recipes have photos of bowls in them, but notice how they're different from your shot: she got closer to the bowls so that they can be more evenly lit and she positioned the camera so that you are less likely to notice the difference. ", "Also notice the content of the bowl: yours is swirled and showing all sorts of highlights; hers is smooth and flowing.", "\n\"Get closer\" is a great mantra. ", "Somebody famous said \"if it's not interesting, you're not close enough.\" ", "Get closer. ", "Crop out the table top. ", "Put that chocolate up-front, perhaps larger-than-life. ", "As you noted, this is how you found the smooth but noticeable texture of the chocolate.", "\nHow are you lighting this? ", "I would start by setting a softbox directly over the bowl to light it, which would give some soft diffused light. ", "It occurs to me that having the white balance ever so slightly warm could make this more enticing; I'd note it for later because I always fiddle with white balance in post.", "\nAlso of note: Smitten Kitchen shares some photography tips.", "\n\nA:\n\nPutting it on a surface (like a cake) would be a start. ", " That bowl is doing you no favors - it's casting shadows on half of it, and acting like a parabolic mirror to reflect glare off the surfaces, which is why it looks so bright.", "\nI'd suggest a lower angle of view, with more diffuse light above and behind the subject. ", " Light from the side (or behind) will bring out the texture more. ", " Diffuse light will result in softer, creamier look to the surface, rather than harsh highlights.", "\n\nA:\n\nYou've already gotten some advice about how to change the shooting. ", "I'd note, however, that you can probably improve things at least a little bit just by adjusting your processing a bit. ", "In this case, you've adjusted the white balance, but most of the chocolate is just way too bright. ", "It takes only a minor adjustment to at least make it look something like chocolate instead of almost like some sort of strange caramel:\n\nNow, it's certainly true that the uneven lighting makes it hard to get this even close to what you probably want. ", "Right now, the left side (toward the rim of the bowl in particular) is still pretty light colored, but the right side (in the shadow) is so dark we can no longer see any detail. ", "Obviously, you need much more even lighting.", "\nAlso note that darkening the chocolate makes the highlights (e.g., bottom of the bowl, left of center) stand out quite a bit more. ", "This is a large part of what makes us perceive something as smooth and shiny. ", "Something that's \"soft\" or \"fuzzy\" will generally have highlights that are very muted and spread out. ", "A smoother, shinier surface will generally show highlights that are somewhat smaller and much more clearly delineated.", "\nAssuming this is closer to what you're hoping for, the mechanics of it are pretty simple. ", "For this exercise, I used Photoshop. ", "Its \"Levels\" dialog\" started out looking like this:\n\nI adjusted that to this:\n\nThat's it -- nothing else involved at all (in this particular case). ", "Of course, I'm only taking a wild guess at how dark the chocolate really is, but at 85%, I'd guess this is at least a lot closer. ", "If anything it's probably even darker than I've placed it, but it's hard to guess exactly how much darker it might really be. ", "Like I said earlier though, at least this way it does look like chocolate...\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.02702702702702703, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ " UNPUBLISHED\n\n UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS\n FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT\n\n\n No. ", "99-1582\n\n\n\nR. PHILLIP DUTO,\n\n Plaintiff - Appellant,\n\n versus\n\n\nWESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION; NORTHROP\nGRUMMAN CORPORATION,\n\n Defendants - Appellees.", "\n\n\n\nAppeal from the United States District Court for the District of\nMaryland, at Baltimore. ", "Marvin J. Garbis, District Judge. (", "CA-97-\n1024-MJG)\n\n\nSubmitted: January 31, 2000 Decided: March 14, 2000\n\n\nBefore MOTZ and KING, Circuit Judges, and HAMILTON, Senior Circuit\nJudge.", "\n\n\nAffirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.", "\n\n\nMichael E. Marr, Baltimore, Maryland, for Appellant. ", "Glen D. Nager,\nThomas M. Beck, JONES, DAY, REAVIS & POGUE, Washington, D.C., for\nAppellees.", "\n\n\nUnpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.", "\nSee Local Rule 36(c).", "\n\fPER CURIAM:\n\n R. Phillip Duto appeals the district court’s order granting\n\nsummary judgment to Defendants in Duto’s action filed under the Age\n\nDiscrimination in Employment Act (“ADEA”). ", "Duto maintains that the\n\ndistrict court erred in finding that he did not create a genuine\n\nissue of material fact as to whether Westinghouse Electric Corpo-\n\nration’s stated reasons for his lay off were pretextual and that\n\nthe lay off was actually motivated by age discrimination. ", " See\n\nVaughan v. MetraHealth Cos., ", "145 F.3d 197, 202 (4th Cir. ", "1998).", "\n\n We have reviewed the formal briefs, the materials submitted in\n\nthe joint appendix, and the district court’s thorough and well-\n\nreasoned opinion, and find no reversible error. ", " Accordingly, we\n\naffirm on the reasoning of the district court. ", " See Duto v.\n\nWestinghouse Electric Corp., No. ", "CA-97-1024-MJG (D. Md. Mar. 29,\n\n1999).* ", " (J.A. at 417-59). ", " We dispense with oral argument because\n\nthe facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the ma-\n\nterials before the court and argument would not aid the decisional\n\nprocess.", "\n\n AFFIRMED\n\n\n\n *\n Although the district court's order is marked as \"filed\" on\nMarch 26, 1999, the district court's records show that it was\nentered on the docket sheet on March 29, 1999. ", "Pursuant to Rules\n58 and 79(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, it is the\ndate that the order was physically entered on the docket sheet that\nwe take as the effective date of the district court's decision.", "\nSee Wilson v. Murray, 806 F.2d 1232, 1234-35 (4th Cir. ", "1986).", "\n\n\n 2\n\f" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

[ 0.017543859649122806, 0.00784313725490196, 0, 0.05714285714285714, 0.018404907975460124, 0, 0.03571428571428571, 0.054945054945054944, 0, 0, 0.010362694300518135, 0.0035460992907801418, 0, 0.03571428571428571, 0, 0, 0, 0.01818181818181818, 0, 0.047619047619047616, 0, 0, 0.004694835680751174, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nShare NSArray data between two ViewControllers\n\nI am building an application where by I want to share a mutable NSArray between two different view controllers.", "\nThe reason why, is because on one of the viewcontrollers (main) I need to actively check the contents of the array and if certain properties are satisfied show an alert, whilst the other viewcontroller (UI) is the UI for the user to set the an alert object into said array and manage the alert objets in a tableview.", "\nSo my question is where can this array reside, in my application delegate potentially?", "\nOr am I best having it reside in the main (root view controller) and basically pass it to the second UI view controller and dynamically populate the UItableview there each time, then pass it back to update the array on the main?", "\n\nA:\n\nThere is many ways of doing that. ", "It dependes on the hierarchy of your viewControllers and of your problem.", "\nYou could:\n\nCreate a singleton : http://www.galloway.me.uk/tutorials/singleton-classes/\nPass this array forward and back with segue/delegate : Passing Data between View Controllers\nPut the array as a property of one view controller, pass a weak reference of this viewController to the another, and then access something like viewController1.array \nCreate one property in each viewController and synchronize them with KVC : http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/KeyValueObserving/KeyValueObserving.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/10000177i\n\nEtc.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.006134969325153374, 0.006309148264984227, 0, 0.004366812227074236, 0, 0, 0.008741258741258742, 0 ]

[ "<?", "php\r\n/**\r\n * Smarty plugin\r\n * \r\n * @package Smarty\r\n * @subpackage PluginsFunction\r\n */\r\n\r\n/**\r\n * Smarty {html_radios} function plugin\r\n * \r\n * File: function.html_radios.php<br>\r\n * Type: function<br>\r\n * Name: html_radios<br>\r\n * Date: 24.Feb.2003<br>\r\n * Purpose: Prints out a list of radio input types<br>\r\n * Params:\r\n * <pre>\r\n * - name (optional) - string default \"radio\"\r\n * - values (required) - array\r\n * - options (required) - associative array\r\n * - checked (optional) - array default not set\r\n * - separator (optional) - ie <br> or &nbsp;\r\n * - output (optional) - the output next to each radio button\r\n * - assign (optional) - assign the output as an array to this variable\r\n * - escape (optional) - escape the content (not value), defaults to true\r\n * </pre>\r\n * Examples:\r\n * <pre>\r\n * {html_radios values=$ids output=$names}\r\n * {html_radios values=$ids name='box' separator='<br>' output=$names}\r\n * {html_radios values=$ids checked=$checked separator='<br>' output=$names}\r\n * </pre>\r\n * \r\n * @link http://smarty.php.net/manual/en/language.function.html.radios.php {html_radios}\r\n * (Smarty online manual)\r\n * @author Christopher Kvarme <christopher.kvarme@flashjab.com> \r\n * @author credits to Monte Ohrt <monte at ohrt dot com> \r\n * @version 1.0\r\n * @param array $params parameters\r\n * @param Smarty_Internal_Template $template template object\r\n * @return string \r\n * @uses smarty_function_escape_special_chars()\r\n */\r\nfunction smarty_function_html_radios($params, $template)\r\n{\r\n require_once(SMARTY_PLUGINS_DIR . '", "shared.escape_special_chars.php');\r\n\r\n $name = 'radio';\r\n $values = null;\r\n $options = null;\r\n $selected = null;\r\n $separator = '';\r\n $escape = true;\r\n $labels = true;\r\n $label_ids = false;\r\n $output = null;\r\n $extra = '';\r\n\r\n foreach($params as $_key => $_val) {\r\n switch ($_key) {\r\n case 'name':\r\n case 'separator':\r\n $$_key = (string) $_val;\r\n break;\r\n\r\n case 'checked':\r\n case 'selected':\r\n if (is_array($_val)) {\r\n trigger_error('html_radios: the \"' . ", "$_key . '\" ", "attribute cannot be an array', E_USER_WARNING);\r\n } elseif (is_object($_val)) {\r\n if (method_exists($_val, \"__toString\")) {\r\n $selected = smarty_function_escape_special_chars((string) $_val->__toString());\r\n } else {\r\n trigger_error(\"html_radios: selected attribute is an object of class '\". ", "get_class($_val) .\"' ", "without __toString() method\", E_USER_NOTICE);\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n $selected = (string) $_val;\r\n } \r\n break;\r\n\r\n case 'escape':\r\n case 'labels':\r\n case 'label_ids':\r\n $$_key = (bool) $_val;\r\n break;\r\n\r\n case 'options':\r\n $$_key = (array) $_val;\r\n break;\r\n\r\n case 'values':\r\n case 'output':\r\n $$_key = array_values((array) $_val);\r\n break;\r\n\r\n case 'radios':\r\n trigger_error('html_radios: the use of the \"radios\" attribute is deprecated, use \"options\" instead', E_USER_WARNING);\r\n $options = (array) $_val;\r\n break;\r\n\r\n case 'assign':\r\n break;\r\n\r\n default:\r\n if (!", "is_array($_val)) {\r\n $extra .= ' ' . ", "$_key . '", "=\"' . ", "smarty_function_escape_special_chars($_val) . '\"';", "\r\n } else {\r\n trigger_error(\"html_radios: extra attribute '$_key' cannot be an array\", E_USER_NOTICE);\r\n } \r\n break;\r\n } \r\n } \r\n\r\n if (!", "isset($options) && !", "isset($values)) {\r\n /* raise error here? */", "\r\n return '';\r\n }\r\n\r\n $_html_result = array();\r\n\r\n if (isset($options)) {\r\n foreach ($options as $_key => $_val) {\r\n $_html_result[] = smarty_function_html_radios_output($name, $_key, $_val, $selected, $extra, $separator, $labels, $label_ids, $escape);\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n foreach ($values as $_i => $_key) {\r\n $_val = isset($output[$_i]) ? ", "$output[$_i] : '';\r\n $_html_result[] = smarty_function_html_radios_output($name, $_key, $_val, $selected, $extra, $separator, $labels, $label_ids, $escape);\r\n } \r\n } \r\n\r\n if (!", "empty($params['assign'])) {\r\n $template->assign($params['assign'], $_html_result);\r\n } else {\r\n return implode(\"\\n\", $_html_result);\r\n } \r\n} \r\n\r\nfunction smarty_function_html_radios_output($name, $value, $output, $selected, $extra, $separator, $labels, $label_ids, $escape)\r\n{\r\n $_output = '';\r\n \r\n if (is_object($value)) {\r\n if (method_exists($value, \"__toString\")) {\r\n $value = (string) $value->__toString();\r\n } else {\r\n trigger_error(\"html_options: value is an object of class '\". ", "get_class($value) .\"' ", "without __toString() method\", E_USER_NOTICE);\r\n return '';\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n $value = (string) $value;\r\n }\r\n \r\n if (is_object($output)) {\r\n if (method_exists($output, \"__toString\")) {\r\n $output = (string) $output->__toString();\r\n } else {\r\n trigger_error(\"html_options: output is an object of class '\". ", "get_class($output) .\"' ", "without __toString() method\", E_USER_NOTICE);\r\n return '';\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n $output = (string) $output;\r\n }\r\n \r\n if ($labels) {\r\n if ($label_ids) {\r\n $_id = smarty_function_escape_special_chars(preg_replace('![^\\w\\-\\.]!u', '_', $name . '_' . ", "$value));\r\n $_output .= '<label for=\"' . ", "$_id . '\"", ">';\r\n } else {\r\n $_output .= '<label>';\r\n } \r\n }\r\n \r\n $name = smarty_function_escape_special_chars($name);\r\n $value = smarty_function_escape_special_chars($value);\r\n if ($escape) {\r\n $output = smarty_function_escape_special_chars($output);\r\n }\r\n \r\n $_output .= '<input type=\"radio\" name=\"' . ", "$name . '\" ", "value=\"' . ", "$value . '\"';", "\r\n\r\n if ($labels && $label_ids) {\r\n $_output .= ' id=\"' . ", "$_id . '\"';", "\r\n }\r\n\r\n if ($value === $selected) {\r\n $_output .= ' checked=\"checked\"';\r\n }\r\n \r\n $_output .= $extra . ' /", ">' . ", "$output;\r\n if ($labels) {\r\n $_output .= '</label>';\r\n }\r\n \r\n $_output .= $separator;\r\n return $_output;\r\n} \r\n\r\n?", ">" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0, 0.011083743842364532, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0011037527593818985, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.0036363636363636364, 0, 0.0026666666666666666, 0, 0.003367003367003367, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.09090909090909091, 0, 0.014705882352941176, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Prenatal diagnosis of renal anomalies.", "\nWithin the past 24 months, we have performed prenatal diagnostic studies in 4 pregnancies known to be at risk for well-described genetic syndrome involving renal abnormalities, ie, Meckel syndrome, Roberts syndrome, and bilateral renal agenesis. ", "The diagnostic techniques utilized were ultrasonographic scanning (B-mode and grey scale), biochemical assays, and radiographic evaluation. ", "The ultrasound finding common to the 3 affected cases was extreme oligohydramnios, which we considered indirect evidence that renal anomalies were present. ", "The ultrasound scans of the fetuses affected with Meckel and Roberts syndrome demonstrated anechoic cystic spaces in the abdomen, representing the enlarged dysplastic cystic kidneys. ", "An encephalocele was well demonstrated by B-mode scan in the fetus with Meckel syndrome. ", "The absence of normal limbs in the Roberts syndrome was evident on serial grey scale scans of the fetus. ", "Biochemical and radiographic studies provided results consistent with the suspected diagnoses. ", "The importance of providing genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis to families at risk is emphasized." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0.004048582995951417, 0, 0, 0.00546448087431694, 0, 0.009523809523809525, 0, 0 ]

[ "/***********************************************************************************************************************\n *\n * Copyright (C) 2010-2013 by the Stratosphere project (http://stratosphere.eu)\n *\n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\"); you may not use this file except in compliance with\n * the License. ", "You may obtain a copy of the License at\n *\n * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n *\n * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on\n * an \"AS IS\" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. ", "See the License for the\n * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.", "\n *\n **********************************************************************************************************************/\npackage eu.stratosphere.api.java.typeutils;\n\nimport java.lang.reflect.", "Constructor;\nimport java.util.", "HashMap;\nimport java.util.", "Map;\n\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.", "TypeComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.", "TypeSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "BooleanComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "BooleanSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "ByteComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "ByteSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "CharComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "CharSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "DoubleComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "DoubleSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "FloatComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "FloatSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "IntComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "IntSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "LongComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "LongSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "ShortComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "ShortSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "StringComparator;\nimport eu.stratosphere.api.common.typeutils.base.", "StringSerializer;\nimport eu.stratosphere.types.", "TypeInformation;\n\n\n/**\n *\n */\npublic class BasicTypeInfo<T> extends TypeInformation<T> implements AtomicType<T> {\n\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<String> STRING_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<String>(String.class, StringSerializer.", "INSTANCE, StringComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Boolean> BOOLEAN_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Boolean>(Boolean.class, BooleanSerializer.", "INSTANCE, BooleanComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Byte> BYTE_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Byte>(Byte.class, ByteSerializer.", "INSTANCE, ByteComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Short> SHORT_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Short>(Short.class, ShortSerializer.", "INSTANCE, ShortComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Integer> INT_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Integer>(Integer.class, IntSerializer.", "INSTANCE, IntComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Long> LONG_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Long>(Long.class, LongSerializer.", "INSTANCE, LongComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Float> FLOAT_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Float>(Float.class, FloatSerializer.", "INSTANCE, FloatComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Double> DOUBLE_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Double>(Double.class, DoubleSerializer.", "INSTANCE, DoubleComparator.class);\n\tpublic static final BasicTypeInfo<Character> CHAR_TYPE_INFO = new BasicTypeInfo<Character>(Character.class, CharSerializer.", "INSTANCE, CharComparator.class);\n\t\n\t// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n\tprivate final Class<T> clazz;\n\t\n\tprivate final TypeSerializer<T> serializer;\n\t\n\tprivate final Class<? ", "extends TypeComparator<T>> comparatorClass;\n\t\n\t\n\tprivate BasicTypeInfo(Class<T> clazz, TypeSerializer<T> serializer, Class<? ", "extends TypeComparator<T>> comparatorClass) {\n\t\tthis.clazz = clazz;\n\t\tthis.serializer = serializer;\n\t\tthis.comparatorClass = comparatorClass;\n\t}\n\t\n\t// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic boolean isBasicType() {\n\t\treturn true;\n\t}\n\n\t@Override\n\tpublic boolean isTupleType() {\n\t\treturn false;\n\t}\n\n\t@Override\n\tpublic int getArity() {\n\t\treturn 1;\n\t}\n\n\t@Override\n\tpublic Class<T> getTypeClass() {\n\t\treturn this.clazz;\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic boolean isKeyType() {\n\t\treturn true;\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic TypeSerializer<T> createSerializer() {\n\t\treturn this.serializer;\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic TypeComparator<T> createComparator(boolean sortOrderAscending) {\n\t\treturn instantiateComparator(comparatorClass, sortOrderAscending);\n\t}\n\n\t// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic int hashCode() {\n\t\treturn this.clazz.hashCode();\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic boolean equals(Object obj) {\n\t\tif (obj instanceof BasicTypeInfo) {\n\t\t\t@SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\")\n\t\t\tBasicTypeInfo<T> other = (BasicTypeInfo<T>) obj;\n\t\t\treturn this.clazz.equals(other.clazz);\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\treturn false;\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Override\n\tpublic String toString() {\n\t\treturn clazz.getSimpleName();\n\t}\n\t\n\t// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\t\n\tpublic static <X> BasicTypeInfo<X> getInfoFor(Class<X> type) {\n\t\tif (type == null) {\n\t\t\tthrow new NullPointerException();\n\t\t}\n\t\t\n\t\t@SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\")\n\t\tBasicTypeInfo<X> info = (BasicTypeInfo<X>) TYPES.get(type);\n\t\treturn info;\n\t}\n\t\n\tprivate static <X> TypeComparator<X> instantiateComparator(Class<? ", "extends TypeComparator<X>> comparatorClass, boolean ascendingOrder) {\n\t\ttry {\n\t\t\tConstructor<? ", "extends TypeComparator<X>> constructor = comparatorClass.getConstructor(boolean.class);\n\t\t\treturn constructor.newInstance(ascendingOrder);\n\t\t}\n\t\tcatch (Exception e) {\n\t\t\tthrow new RuntimeException(\"Could not initialize basic comparator \" + comparatorClass.getName(), e);\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\t\n\tprivate static final Map<Class<?", ">, BasicTypeInfo<?", ">> TYPES = new HashMap<Class<?", ">, BasicTypeInfo<?", ">>();\n\t\n\tstatic {\n\t\tTYPES.put(String.class, STRING_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Boolean.class, BOOLEAN_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(boolean.class, BOOLEAN_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Byte.class, BYTE_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(byte.class, BYTE_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Short.class, SHORT_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(short.class, SHORT_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Integer.class, INT_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(int.class, INT_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Long.class, LONG_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(long.class, LONG_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Float.class, FLOAT_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(float.class, FLOAT_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Double.class, DOUBLE_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(double.class, DOUBLE_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(Character.class, CHAR_TYPE_INFO);\n\t\tTYPES.put(char.class, CHAR_TYPE_INFO);\n\t}\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0.008771929824561403, 0.009708737864077669, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0, 0.038461538461538464, 0, 0.016666666666666666, 0.015384615384615385, 0.014705882352941176, 0.014705882352941176, 0.015384615384615385, 0.015384615384615385, 0.015384615384615385, 0.015384615384615385, 0.014925373134328358, 0.014925373134328358, 0, 0.015151515151515152, 0.015625, 0.015625, 0.015384615384615385, 0.015384615384615385, 0.015151515151515152, 0.015151515151515152, 0, 0.02127659574468085, 0.017094017094017096, 0.012578616352201259, 0.013793103448275862, 0.013605442176870748, 0.013333333333333334, 0.014184397163120567, 0.013605442176870748, 0.013071895424836602, 0.012578616352201259, 0.00847457627118644, 0.016, 0.009929906542056074, 0.021052631578947368, 0.006389776357827476, 0, 0.03333333333333333, 0, 0.018494055482166448 ]

[ "Food as medicine\n\n\"If you don't do chemotherapy, you're insane\"\n\nOnly a few weeks left to live\n\n\"Nutrition won't hurt, but it won't help\"\n\nA turning point\n\n(NaturalNews) As terrifying as a diagnosis of cancer can be, stories of individuals taking their health into their own hands, and defeating so-called 'terminal' illness through natural methods are common. ", "Whether using a strict raw vegan or traditional vegetarian diet, Gerson therapy or macrobiotics, these former cancer patients beat the odds and are living vibrant, healthy lives.", "At one point or another, most of us have come across an encouraging story of someone who lived to tell the tale of refusing conventional cancer therapy, and instead opting for a natural healing protocol. ", "Even though each method may differ in approach, all tend to have one element in common, namely, a nutrient dense, cleansing diet. ", "For some, raw juices are the key. ", "For others, sea vegetables and grains. ", "Regardless of the method, one thing is certain: a clean diet is powerful medicine.", "Chris was diagnosed with colon cancer in his late twenties. ", "After having part of his colon surgically removed, along with a golf ball-sized tumor, he was told by his doctor there wasn't anything specific he should do to keep healthy - except keep in mind that most cancer patients only have a five-year survival rate. ", "When Chris subsequently refused chemotherapy, his doctor thought he was \"insane.", "\"After plenty of research and prayer, Chris decided to take the road less traveled, and ditch the conventional treatments for alternative medicine - specifically, a 100 percent raw vegan diet . ", "As a reward for his unconventional choice, Chris has been free of cancer for over eight years.", "You can learn more about Chris's journey here Janet was 45 years old when she discovered that she was terminally ill with stage IV lung cancer. ", "A registered nurse, Janet chose chemotherapy, but due to severe side-effects, she discontinued the treatment after only one dose. ", "She was then advised by her primary care physician to research macrobiotics . ", "Janet decided to give it a try and hired a macrobiotic consultant/cooking coach, who taught her about the protocol. ", "Before long, Janet's test results began improving. ", "And then her tumors completely disappeared. ", "Six years later, she is still cancer-free and continues to embrace a macrobiotic way of life.", "Janet's full story can be found here Diagnosed with mantle cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Joyce had a football-sized tumor on the left side of her body that weighed five pounds. ", "Told by her doctors she had a three-year survival rate, and that chemotherapy would not cure the cancer, Joyce turned to nutrition and chose a Gerson diet . ", "Soon after, even though her doctors said nutrition wouldn't help, they advised her to continue whatever she was doing. ", "Joyce cured her cancer and now lives an energetic, healthy life with her family.", "Watch Joyce's story here Elena's doctors predictably recommended chemotherapy when she was diagnosed with stage III colon cancer. ", "Just as she was about to begin conventional treatments, her mother called Charlotte Gerson, who convinced her to try alternative therapies instead. ", "Elena took this advice to heart and adopted a protocol of enzymes, cleanses and coffee enemas - in addition to an organic vegetarian diet. ", "Five years later, she remains cancer-free with more energy than ever.", "Further information about Elena's journey can be found here To learn more about naturally healing cancer, the following sites offer a wealth of information and inspiration:Carolanne believes if we want to see change in the world, we need to be the change. ", "As a nutritionist, wellness coach and natural foods chef, she has encouraged others to embrace a healthy lifestyle of green living for over 13 years. ", "Through her website www.Thrive-Living.net she looks forward to connecting with other like-minded people who share a similar vision.", "Follow on Facebook: www.facebook.com/pages/Thrive-Living/4995788... For Pinterest fans: www.pinterest.com/thriveliving/ Find at Google+: www.goo.gl/cEZiyR Diaspora*: [email protected] Tsu: www.tsu.co/ThriveLiving and Twitter: www.twitter.com/Thrive_Living" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.002770083102493075, 0.0056179775280898875, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0.0125, 0.005154639175257732, 0.010638297872340425, 0.020833333333333332, 0.007692307692307693, 0, 0.008620689655172414, 0.0196078431372549, 0, 0, 0.017045454545454544, 0.012738853503184714, 0, 0.0125, 0.023076923076923078, 0.006756756756756757, 0, 0, 0.00390625, 0, 0.007633587786259542, 0.023529411764705882 ]

[ "\n\nYou Can't Handle the Truth - TheFullStack\nhttp://fullstack360.wordpress.com/2013/01/24/you-cant-handle-the-truth-cl-jessup/\n\n======\nmipapage\nThis is a great example; these days we need a good butt kicking once in a\nwhile to measure where we are, to make us stop and reflect or perhaps \"open\nour eyes\".", "\n\nI had a father at my kids school ask me why I run ultramarathons. ", "Its pretty\nsimple, for me, when you go up against nature and fail, which happens to me as\nI'm not a professional runner, it gives me a perspective I won't get by simply\ngoing down to the bar, having a smoke and a beer and watching futbol (I live\nin Spain).", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "HackerNews" }

[ 0.0033003300330033004, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Looking for a forever home, Vernon SPCA pets of the week\n\nShe is 14 years old, and is looking for a nice quiet home, preferably with someone who is home most of the time to spend time with her. ", "She is very friendly with people and gets along with other dogs.", "\n\nPrincess is deaf, so her new family would need to be understanding that she cannot hear them and work with her special circumstances. ", "She will also need to have her ears cleaned regularly to prevent infection.", "\n\nCurrently awaiting dental surgery to have several bad teeth extracted, Princess is hoping to find a retirement home to call her own.", "\n\nPlease contact the Vernon SPCA if you would like more information.", "\n\nAnimal ID #331521\n\nCebu\n\nCebu\n\nImage Credit: Denise Callander\n\nCebu is a young male manx cat that was surrendered to the SPCA by his owner because of allergies.", "\n\nCebu has lived in a home with two other cats and is accustomed to being an indoor cat.", "\n\nOPINION At least part of me wasn’t sure I should write this, given what happened last time. ", "It was August 15, 2003 and like many Thursdays before it, I was scratching around for a column idea. ", "The summer newsroom" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.007462686567164179, 0, 0.006172839506172839, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "How To How Css Menu. ", "Keep your Web site clean and focused with Javascript Menu Builder! ", "Html Menu Download Image In The Menu :: Forum :: Indexhibit. ", "sorry to hop on about this but i can't seem to find the post that mentions how to nix the CSS style for an i\n\nCss For Menus. ", "Create Fancy CSS3 Drop Down Menus in Minutes! ", "No JavaScript, No Images, No Flash : CSS Only! ", "css button onclick it and change button appearance for normal and hover states and set buttons link properties and link target attributes on the \"Main menu\" tab. ", "3.2\n\nHow To Create A Menubar In Javascript. ", "Don't allow your web site visitors to get lost! ", "Try Drop Down HTML Menu! ", "On the menu bar click Insert | Web Component To fix this, just turn on JavaScript: In FrontPage on the How To Create A Menubar How To Create\n\nI made a couple of modifications to Ross Carins great expanding menus script so that they open on rollover. ", "I plan to put an accordion style menu but i think this is a simple solution to start with! ", "/*Expanding Menus for Indexhibit *uses jquery * *Created by Ross Cairns Mar\n\nHow To Create A Tree In Java. ", "Create professional graphics and images for your Website with Web Menu Maker! ", "Double click on the Template to apply it. ", "Change button appearance for normal and mouse over states and set buttons/submenus link properties and link target attributes\n\nSupersized 2.0 is an update of the version 1.0 jQuery plugin that automatically sizes (background) images to fit the browser and run them as a slideshow. ", "To I'm all for people taking this and expanding on it, if you do so I'd be interested in seeing what you've added. ", "Feel free to drop" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0.014925373134328358, 0.01639344262295082, 0.008, 0, 0.0425531914893617, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008, 0, 0.018691588785046728, 0, 0, 0.0035587188612099642, 0, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\njava sql update statement with user input\n\nI have a problem updating my table from java. ", "\ni need to check colmunID(from my table PRODUCTS) = int id(given by user input) and change thats product price in table to one given by user.", "\nPROBLEM:\n static void x(int Userid, int Userprice) {\n ..........................................\n String sql = \"UPDATE Product set Price = Userprice where ID=Userid; \";\n....} \n\nI get error that i don't have column Userprice or Userid in my database. ", "I don't know how to write this to check int User id which is given as argument in this method and not column in my database table which does not exists.", "\n\nA:\n\nAssuming that you have both the columns with Integer datatype in DB,\nString sql = \"UPDATE Product set Price=\"+Userprice+\" where ID=\"+Userid;\n\nYou are not passing the actual values to it and the extra ';' is not required. ", "Also, I suggest you to prefer prepared statements, rather than above approach\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0.01568627450980392, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Chicken Leg and Sausage Gumbo\n\nThe knob of juicy dark meat at the end of a chicken drumstick is my favorite cut of the bird, and when soaked for two hours in a rich roux-infused gumbo, these legs have me running to the dinner table. ", "This Chicken Leg and Sausage Gumbo cuts to the chase on flavor and when made with Rox’s Roux and served up in one of our 16-ounce gumbo cups this is The Art of Gumbo. ", "Get the recipe and read all about our newest gift set just in time for the holidays.", "\n\nServed up steaming hot in your own personal gumbo mug, my Chicken Leg and Sausage Gumbo recipe is easy when made with Rox’s Roux.", "\n\nThis holiday season, give the gift of Cajun cooking with Acadiana Table’s The Art of Gumbo kit. ", "It is the perfect gift for the seasoned gumbo cook or someone who wants to learn this time-tested culinary art.", "\n\nThe perfect gift to show your Cajun pride; everything you need to make my Chicken Leg and Sausage Gumbo.", "\n\nAcadiana Table makes it easy with everything you need in our The Art of Gumbo kit. ", "First you make a roux and at the base of our gumbo kit is two jars of Rox’s Roux–the darkest Cajun roux there is. ", "And the two 16-ounce porcelain gumbo mugs and heavy, stainless gumbo spoons make it elegant to dish up. ", "We’ve even thrown in a 2-pound bag of our favorite Louisiana white rice—Supreme brand long grain. ", "And to bring it all together in one convenient package, we’ve developed a set of recipe cards with 10 easy-to-follow roux-based recipes. ", "With full-color photographs and detailed instructions, these recipes using Rox’s Roux are not available in our cookbook. ", "Learn these recipes for gumbo and so many more classic Cajun dishes.", "\n\nAll boxed neatly for the perfect gift.", "\n\nFor Corporate Gifts! ", "For Family Gifts!", "\n\nThe Art of Gumbo gift box is ready for your holiday gift buying. ", "Buy it now on our website and we’ll ship it directly to you. ", "Or shop locally by calling us at 337-232-8214 and save on shipping by picking up your order at our Lafayette, LA headquarters location.", "\n\nThe Art of Gumbo kit includes:\n\n2 (16-ounce) jars of Rox’s Roux\n\n2 stainless steel Gumbo Spoons\n\n2 (16-ounce) footed Gumbo Mugs with handle\n\n1 2-pound bag of Supreme long-grain white rice\n\n1 (10-page) Art of Gumbo recipe card set\n\nAnd it’s all neatly boxed and packaged securely for shipping or delivering.", "\n\nCreatively designed and securely packaged, The Art of Gumbo is an impressive gift.", "\n\nAnd the first recipe to make with The Art of Gumbo gift set is this true Cajun Chicken Leg and Sausage Gumbo.", "\n\nIn a large cast-iron pot over medium-high heat, add the oil. ", "Once sizzling hot, add the chicken pieces skin-side down. ", "Brown the chicken on one side and turn to brown the other side. ", "Remove the chicken to a platter and keep warm.", "\n\nTo the pot, add the onions, bell peppers, and celery. ", "Sauté until the onions turn translucent, about 5 minutes. ", "Add the garlic and parsley, and sauté until combined. ", "Add the sausage and sauté just until it begins to brown. ", "Add 1 cup of stock to the mixture and scrape the bottom of the skillet to loosen the brown bits of flavor. ", "Add the chicken back to the pot.", "\n\nAdd enough additional chicken stock to the gumbo pot to cover all the chicken and vegetable mixture. ", "Add the smoked turkey necks, if using. ", "Season with cayenne pepper and stir to combine. ", "Add 1½ cups of roux and stir to combine. ", "Bring the pot to a boil and then reduce the heat to a simmer. ", "Cover the pot and let cook for 1 hour.", "\n\nUncover and skim the surface of any excess oil. ", "Add salt and pepper to taste. ", "Cover the pot and simmer for 30 minutes longer.", "\n\nSample the finished gumbo and season with Cajun seasoning and hot sauce to taste.", "\n\nLadle the gumbo into large bowls over a mound of rice and garnish with diced green onion tops.", "\n\nNotes\n\nIf you want to make roux from scratch, follow Rox's recipe here. ", "If you want to use jarred roux, purchase Rox's Roux in these Louisiana retail locations, or buy it online at our Shop site. ", "I like to toss a few smoked turkey necks into my gumbo pot for added smoke and flavor; this is an optional ingredient. ", "Most Cajun folks serve cold and creamy mustard potato salad with their gumbo. ", "Ice-cold beer and hot French bread are a given.", "\n\n3.5.3217\n\nYOUR SEAT AT THE TABLE: If you like this Cajun cooking story and Cajun recipe then accept my personal invitation to subscribe by entering your email at the bottom or top right of this page. ", "It’s quick and painless. ", "You will receive an email alert and be the first to see when new Cajun cooking stories and Cajun recipes are added. ", "Thanks, George.", "\n\nHey Larry – Good eye! ", "Yes, I like to sneak in a smoked turkey neck or two for flavor, and I am most impressed when I’m spotted by an alert reader. ", "Thanks for exposing my little secret flavor boost and sharing it with everyone. ", "All the best.", "\n\nYes sir! ", "I usually like a lot of meat in my gumbo! ", "Just can’t help it because that’s the way “momma” always makes it! ", "Really miss the home cooking in good ole St. Mary Parish. ", "Chicken drummettes, chicken gizzards, turkey necks, smoked sausage, shrimp, and blue crab is what I like! ", "Thanks for all the stories and wonderful recipes. ", "Gonna definitely give your wife’s roux a try. ", "Keep up the great work and giving me the good Cajun stuff I’ve been missing.", "\n\nBest chicken gumbo I’ve ever made! ", "Made HALF the recipe, for two of us. ", "Sorry, had to make substitutions: used dark meat from a rotisserie chicken from the supermarket, no turkey necks, cooked with a handful of sliced okra and file, then a pint of oysters at the end.", "\nRox’s Roux put this over the top! ", "Her roux is incredible. ", "I would never make another gumbo without it!", "\n\nMarianne – I love your sure-handed improvisation with ingredients; every recipe is just a starting point for exploring new tastes. ", "I’ve said numerous times that the supermarket rotisserie chicken is the greatest culinary invention since sliced bread; it is most always a quality product that can be used in so many recipes (chicken and dumplings anyone?). ", "One thing I will challenge you for your next gumbo: smoked turkey necks. ", "Seek them out and tuck them away in your freezer. ", "Just add a few to your next gumbo or any number of recipes, and you will discover the flavor magic of smoke and bone. ", "And gnawing the meat off those bones is a bonus not to be missed. ", "All the best for a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.", "\n\nYour email address will not be published. ", "Required fields are marked *\n\nComment\n\nName *\n\nEmail *\n\nWebsite\n\nRate this recipe:\n\nAbout George Graham\n\nI’ve lived in South Louisiana for all my life. ", "My passion is the rich culinary heritage of Cajun and Creole cooking, and in the pages of Acadiana Table, my mission is to preserve and promote our culture by bringing you the stories and recipes that make it so unique. ", "Read More…" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.004291845493562232, 0.005988023952095809, 0, 0.015267175572519083, 0.02040816326530612, 0, 0.018867924528301886, 0, 0.017543859649122806, 0, 0.01020408163265306, 0, 0.008264462809917356, 0.014705882352941176, 0, 0, 0.058823529411764705, 0, 0, 0.007407407407407408, 0.00974025974025974, 0, 0.009009009009009009, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.017857142857142856, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.020833333333333332, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.012048192771084338, 0, 0, 0.016129032258064516, 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0.06666666666666667, 0.041666666666666664, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006578947368421052, 0.00909090909090909, 0 ]

[ "You are here\n\nCryptsy API - Developers\n\nCryptsy is an online crypto-currency trading service that allows users to trade Bitcoins for a variety of alternative currencies and fiat currencies. ", "The Cryptsy API has both public and authenticated methods. ", "The public methods do not require an API key and allow users to query for general market data and general orderbook data. ", "Authenticated methods permit users to query for advanced information such as market data, user transactions, market trades, market orders, user trades and user orders, as well as the creation and execution of trades. ", "The service sues REST calls, returns JSON, and uses both SSL and an API key for authentication." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.015789473684210527, 0.01694915254237288, 0.00819672131147541, 0, 0.021052631578947368 ]

[ "Q:\n\nКнопка с выпадающим меню\n\nПривет, у меня такая проблема: есть кнопка, при нажатие на которую открывается и закрывается выпадающее меню. ", "Если курсор уходит из поля кнопки или меню более чем на 0.7 сек, оно само закрывается. ", "\nВсё это работает, но с одним недостатком: если меню открыть кнопкои 2 раза подряд, то оно закрывается, даже при возврате курсора в поле меню или кнопки. ", "Подскажите, пожалуйста, возможные решения, заранее благодарю.", "\nВот код:\n<!", "DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n <meta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n <title>Test</title>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"jquery-1.7.1.js\"></script>\n\n<style>\n.tblock {\n float: left;\n line-height: 40px;\n margin: 15px;\n position: relative;\n}\nul { \n font-size: 1em;\n line-height: 1.2;\n list-style: none outside none;\n}\n#dt {\n border:1px solid #444;\n padding:4px;\n position:absolute;\n top:190px;\n left:200px;\n}\n#sort_link {\n border: 1px solid #FFFFFF;\n border-radius: 3px;\n position: relative;\n}\n\nul#sort_list{min-width:145px;padding:11px 10px 0;top:32px;}\nul#sort_list li:last-child{margin-bottom:8px;}\na#sort_link{border:1px solid #eee;border-radius:3px;padding: 3px 15px; position:relative;}\n#sort_link:hover{border:1px solid #cccccc;border-radius:3px;padding: 3px 15px;position:relative;}\n#sort_link span{border-color:transparent;border-top:4px solid #ccc;display:none;border-style:solid;border-width:4px;height:0;position:absolute;right:5px;top:8px;width:0;}\n#sort_link:hover span{display:block;}\n#sort_list a{font-size:1em;}\n\n#sort_list { \n background-color: #FFFFFF;\n border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;\n border-radius: 3px;\n box-shadow: 3px 3px 10px #C2C1C1;\n display: none;\n left: 0px;\n padding: 5px 10px;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0px;\n z-index: 1000;\n}\n</style>\n\n<script>\n$(function() {\nidleTimer = null;\nidleState = false; // состояние отсутствия\nidleWait = 700; // время ожидания в мс. (", "1/1000 секунды)\n\n $('#sort_link').click(function() {\n $('#sort_list').slideToggle('slow');\n\n$('#sort_list, #sort_link').mousemove(function() { // мышь над кнопкой\n$('#dt').css(\"background\",\"orange\"); // детектор\nclearTimeout(idleTimer); // отменяем прежний временной отрезок\nif(idleState == true){\n}\n// Действия на возвращение пользователя.", "\n});\n\n$('#sort_list, #sort_link').mouseout(function(){ // мышь ушла с кнопки\n$('#dt').css(\"background\",\"green\"); // детектор\n\nidleState = false;\nidleTimer = setTimeout(function(){ \n// Действия на отсутствие пользователя\n$('#sort_list').css(\"display\", \"none\");\n$('#dt').css(\"background\",\"red\"); // детектор\n$('#sort_link, #sort_list').unbind('mousemove mouseout');\nidleState = true;\n\n}, idleWait);\n\n });\n });\n});\n</script>\n\n</head><body>\n\n<div class=\"tblock\">\n <a href=\"#\" id=\"sort_link\">сортировать:</a>\n\n <ul id=\"sort_list\">\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Дате</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Названию</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Рейтингу</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Переходам</a></li>\n </ul>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"dt\">detector</div>\n\n</body>\n</html>\n\nA:\n\nможет так:\n<!", "DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n <meta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n <title>Test</title>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js\"></script>\n\n<style>\n.tblock {\n float: left;\n line-height: 40px;\n margin: 15px;\n position: relative;\n}\nul { \n font-size: 1em;\n line-height: 1.2;\n list-style: none outside none;\n}\n#dt {\n border:1px solid #444;\n padding:4px;\n position:absolute;\n top:190px;\n left:200px;\n}\n#sort_link {\n border: 1px solid #FFFFFF;\n border-radius: 3px;\n position: relative;\n}\n\nul#sort_list{min-width:145px;padding:11px 10px 0;top:32px;}\nul#sort_list li:last-child{margin-bottom:8px;}\na#sort_link{border:1px solid #eee;border-radius:3px;padding: 3px 15px; position:relative;}\n#sort_link:hover{border:1px solid #cccccc;border-radius:3px;padding: 3px 15px;position:relative;}\n#sort_link span{border-color:transparent;border-top:4px solid #ccc;display:none;border-style:solid;border-width:4px;height:0;position:absolute;right:5px;top:8px;width:0;}\n#sort_link:hover span{display:block;}\n#sort_list a{font-size:1em;}\n\n#sort_list { \n background-color: #FFFFFF;\n border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;\n border-radius: 3px;\n box-shadow: 3px 3px 10px #C2C1C1;\n display: none;\n left: 0px;\n padding: 5px 10px;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0px;\n z-index: 1000;\n}\n</style>\n\n<script>\n$(function() {\nidleTimer = null;\nidleState = false; // состояние отсутствия\nidleWait = 700; // время ожидания в мс. (", "1/1000 секунды)\n\nvar _flag = true;\n\n $('#sort_link').click(function() {\n\n if (_flag){\n _flag = false;\n $('#sort_list').slideToggle('slow');\n\n$('#sort_list, #sort_link').mousemove(function() { // мышь над кнопкой\n$('#dt').css(\"background\",\"orange\"); // детектор\nclearTimeout(idleTimer); // отменяем прежний временной отрезок\nif(idleState == true){\n}\n// Действия на возвращение пользователя.", "\n});\n\n$('#sort_list, #sort_link').mouseout(function(){ // мышь ушла с кнопки\n$('#dt').css(\"background\",\"green\"); // детектор\n\nidleState = false;\nidleTimer = setTimeout(function(){\n\n// Действия на отсутствие пользователя\n$('#sort_list').css(\"display\", \"none\");\n$('#dt').css(\"background\",\"red\"); // детектор\n$('#sort_link, #sort_list').unbind('mousemove mouseout');\nidleState = true;\n\n_flag = true; }, idleWait);\n\n });\n }\n });\n\n});\n</script>\n\n</head><body>\n<div class=\"tblock\"> <a href=\"#\" id=\"sort_link\">сортировать:</a>\n\n<ul id=\"sort_list\">\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Дате</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Названию</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Рейтингу</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"javascript://\">По Переходам</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n\n<div id=\"dt\">detector</div>\n\n</body> </html>\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.007142857142857143, 0, 0.006493506493506494, 0, 0, 0.0027359781121751026, 0.005780346820809248, 0.001184834123222749, 0.0033112582781456954, 0.004987531172069825, 0.0012033694344163659 ]

[ "It is well known in the communications industry that noise or disturbances in a communications channel can adversely affect the performance of data communications equipment (DCE) using the channel. ", "For example, it is well known that dial-up voice-frequency modems are constrained by noise in the channel to operate at less than their full capacity. ", "This is why dial-up frequency modems do not always operate at their advertised maximum data rates. ", "The performance of xDSL modems is also adversely affected by noise. ", "In accordance with the present invention, it has been determined that periodic disturbances in premise wiring may adversely affect data communications equipment at the customer premises. ", "Periodic impulse noise at the 60 Hz rate, which may be produced by radiating sources such as light dimmers, vacuum cleaners, blenders, etc., ", "adversely affects data communications equipment at the customer premises. ", "While these impairments may not adversely affect dial-up modems to a great extent, it is believed that they significantly adversely affect high-speed modems, such as DSL modems, because these types of modems utilize higher frequencies where pickup from radiating sources in the 60 Hz range may be greater.", "\nMany DSL line coding techniques, such as discrete multi-tone (DMT), asymmetric digital subscriber line (DMT-ADSL), carrier less amplitude and phase modulation ADSL (CAP-ADSL), integrated services digital network (ISDN), and 2B1Q high-bit rate DSL (2B1Q-HDSL), do not attempt to communicate with general premise wiring but either (1) use a POTS splitter or filter to prohibit premise wiring disturbances above approximately 20 KHz from coupling into the DSL modem or (2) terminate the connection to the subscriber line at a single DSL modem such that the DSL modem does not communicate with any premise wiring. ", "Therefore, coupling of premise wiring disturbances with frequencies above 20 KHz into the DSL communications channels is not a major problem. ", "With respect to dial-up modems, coupling of periodic disturbances above approximately 4 KHz is not a problem because dial-up modems which operate over general premise wiring generally do not operate above 4 KHz. ", "However, some DSL systems communicate over general premise wiring without a POTS splitter. ", "In these cases, periodic disturbances coupled into the general premise wiring can significantly degrade performance.", "\nIf periodic disturbances contain only a relatively small number of frequency components within the data communication bandwidth, e.g., 1 to 15 disturbing frequency components, techniques such as precoding and data-feedback-equalization (DFE) can be used to improve performance. ", "However, if there are many disturbing components within the data communication bandwidth, preceding and DFE techniques are impractical and can lead to other problems, such as long signal delays. ", "With respect to periodic impulse disturbances in the 60 Hz range, these impulses imply a spectral content with energy at frequencies separated by 60 Hz, which is far too fine a separation to be dealt with by standard preceding or DFE techniques. ", "At this frequency, the impulse period is about 16.67 milliseconds, which is too short to consider transmitting only between the impulses, especially since the impulses are likely to be spread over perhaps a millisecond.", "\nAccordingly, a need exists for a method and apparatus which measures periodic impulse disturbances at the customer premises and which produces a counter measure which overcomes the disturbances to improve performance of data communications equipment located at the customer premises. ", "Furthermore, in accordance with the present invention, it has been determined that canceling the periodic disturbance at one customer premise modem receiver will effectively cancel the disturbance on all customer premise modem receivers, due to the very close physical proximity of the modems relative to the frequency band of communication. ", "Also, since both the periodic disturbance at issue and the transmitted countermeasure are generated nearly concurrently at the premise modem, the cancellation will be equally effective at the remote end of the subscriber loop, i.e., at the central office." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0.005050505050505051, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006546644844517185, 0, 0, 0.01098901098901099, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Winter Morning - limited edition giclee print from Nursey Bang Bang\n\nI've just launched my very first limited edition print which comes signed, numbered and ready to frame It's printed on A4 220g acid free paper and has a narrow white border for easy mounting. ", "It's now available to buy from my Etsy store here." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.0038314176245210726, 0 ]

[ "\n\nUphold the VAT Exemption Threshold for businesses supplying digital products - ivanr\nhttps://www.change.org/p/vince-cable-mp-uphold-the-vat-exemption-threshold-for-businesses-supplying-digital-products\n\n======\ndvko\nIsn't there a petition for the EU as a whole? ", "UK is (by far) not the only\ncountry that's severely affected by this new law.", "\n\nSigned and upvoted though!", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "HackerNews" }

[ 0.0076045627376425855, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Unavoidable and Tasty Rye Bread at Aamanns-Copenhagen; All About Love for Hanjan\n\nFebruary 13, 2013\n\nOur own Robert Sietsema finds himself in a sea of small, Danish plates at Aamanns-Copenhagen. ", "The restaurant that once opened for a single day to celebrate the New York arrival of Crown Prince Frederik and Princess Mary of Denmark has now officially started service in the same Tribeca location. ", "Specializing in smørrebrød (that’s Danish for “bread and butter”), Aaamanns puts out plate after plate of “Scandinavian tapas.” ", "Sietsema writes, “Standard toppings include pickled fish, chicken salad, and thin slices of roast meat, but Aamanns embroiders on a beloved Danish tradition by mixing startling ingredients with traditional ones.” ", "The bites are “stunning” but small, so hungry diners should not expect a royal feast.", "\n\nAt the Times, Pete Wells explores similar New Nordic territory at Aska in Williamsburg. ", "Wells notes that the new Scandinavian restaurant in Kinfolk Studio offers more surprises — both in decor and cuisine — than one might anticipate. ", "At Aska, he writes, “a common ingredient is made unfamiliar, a transformation the kitchen pulls off again and again. ", "The paper-white ovals shaved over braised pork and ultrasmooth applesauce: sunchokes. ", "A chewy amber sheet that tastes like candy from the ocean: a dried and toasted scallop chip.” ", "The restaurant appears to be equal parts art space and dining experience. ", "Wells awards it two stars.", "\n\nThe Underground Gourmet, a.k.a. ", "Robin Raisfeld and Rob Patronite, step in for Adam Platt at NY Mag this week. ", "The duo sample the “Mexican-ish” tacos and tortas at Salvation Taco in the Pod Hotel. ", "The Midtown East spot follows a formula similar to the one that brought owners April Bloomfield and Ken Friedman success at other outlets: Serve inventive albeit slightly inauthentic cuisine that is meant for shared “gobbling” and lots of napkins. “", "If there’s a criticism to make about the grub at Salvation Taco, it’s that there’s not a lot of it,” R.R. and R.P. write. ", "So bring friends but not a grand appetite.", "\n\nIn case you hadn’t heard, Korean food has been “steadily building steam over the past few years,” and the city’s best K-town outlets offer much more than fried chicken. ", "Time Out’s Jay Cheshes heads to Hanjan to explore the “soulful endeavor” from chef/owner Hooni Kim, who also runs the intensely popular Danji. ", "Kim’s food is steeped in tradition but benefits from modern flourishes. ", "Particularly tasty are the “braised boneless pig’s feet,” a dish “so popular in Seoul that there are entire restaurants devoted to them. ", "Kim’s ‘modern’ spin–steeped in star anise, cinnamon, ginger and rice wine–is less gelatinous than usual, the long-simmered swine served in beautifully supple and aromatic slices.” ", "This is “robust and restorative cooking,” and Cheshes gives it four stars.", "\n\nNeed more convincing that Korean cuisine is having a moment? ", "Ryan Sutton also reviews Hanjan, and deems it an ideal and unassuming spot for Valentine’s Day. ", "The Bloomberg critic suggests that lovebirds order the bloody chicken hearts, a dish that embodies “the silkiness of filet mignon, the beefiness of a skirt steak and the gentle tang of good liver. ", "They’re skewered, like Cupid’s arrows.” ", "Perhaps the restaurant could be equally suited to couples who are on the brink of a breakup.", "\n\nThe NY Post’s Steve Cuozzo has a revelation after eating ‘shrooms. ", "The critic declares that the hen-of-the-woods-based plate from The Marrow is “the city’s best new dish.” ", "The restaurant, owned by former Top Chef winner Harold Dieterle, is a “winning take on modern German and Italian” culinary styles. ", "Carnivores shouldn’t worry, as the superb vegetarian offerings yield to heartier plates like “dreamy duck liverwurst” and “velvety braised rabbit.”", "\n\nDining at many of the city’s oldest steakhouses can become a “Faustian bargain,” suggests NY Daily News critic Stan Sanger. “", "Customers willingly subject themselves to gruff, often indifferent service and eye-popping bills, but in exchange for coma-inducing portions of mouth-watering beef and its heart-clogging accompaniments.” ", "Sanger finds that service at the Old Homestead follows suit, but the food does not deliver. ", "The chops are “cartoonishly” large and “aggressively” seasoned.” ", "Sanger notes that “You might be able dine on [your steak] for a week, but who would want to?”" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.02564102564102564, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0.004694835680751174, 0, 0.022222222222222223, 0.0136986301369863, 0.008547008547008548, 0, 0, 0, 0.038461538461538464, 0.029411764705882353, 0.038461538461538464, 0.023255813953488372, 0.004016064257028112, 0.01639344262295082, 0, 0, 0.013986013986013986, 0.013888888888888888, 0.0072992700729927005, 0.005555555555555556, 0.013513513513513514, 0, 0.03125, 0, 0.025, 0, 0.014492753623188406, 0.009523809523809525, 0.007633587786259542, 0, 0.015748031496062992, 0, 0.010869565217391304, 0, 0 ]

[ "“Now that the board has acted, House Democrats are hopeful the misguided attempts to punish the university and its students will lose traction, and the legislative focus can shift to helping Mizzou reestablish its reputation as one of our nation’s finest public universities.”", "\n\nState Sen. Kurt Schaefer, R-Columbia, the Senate’s budget leader, has been a frequent critic of the university’s handling of Click. ", "He called her firing “a step in the right direction.”", "\n\nSchaefer said his gripe isn’t specifically with Click, but rather with the university’s leadership after the Click videos surfaced.", "\n\n“What I’ve been pushing for is some show of responsibility from the university’s leadership,” Schaefer said. “", "The video clearly shows a member of the faculty committing assault on a student. ", "That’s prompted calls from parents asking, what’s going on over there? ", "Who’s in charge?”", "\n\nSchaefer also pushed back on the idea that the Legislature has used the threat of withholding money in order to influence university decisions.", "\n\nOver the past six years, legislators have continually voted for steady funding increases to the university, Schaefer said." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

[ 0.007246376811594203, 0.014925373134328358, 0, 0.022556390977443608, 0.008928571428571428, 0, 0, 0, 0.013793103448275862, 0.008064516129032258 ]

[ "Seeing Prinsendam in port is special for me since I used to work on the ship in 2001. ", "It was named as Seabourn Sun at that time. ", "I worked as an Asst. ", "Shore Excursions Manager. ", "Before she was named as Seabourn Sun, the name of the ship was Royal Viking Sun. ", "I also worked as a ground tour operator for Seabourn Sun in 2000.", "\n\nMS Prinsendam of Holland America Line will be back in Kusadasi in 2014. ", "The first 2014 call of Prinsendam will be on May 06 2014. ", "We have started receiving private Ephesus tour inquiries and bookings from Prinsendam passengers. ", "For more information, contact us.", "\n\nReply\n\nLeave a Reply.", "\n\nfor Private Ephesus Tour bookings with English speaking tour guides on certain dates. ", "To see these dates, please click." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0.047619047619047616, 0.038461538461538464, 0.024691358024691357, 0.015384615384615385, 0, 0.017241379310344827, 0.01020408163265306, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Mikhail Murad\n\nMikhail Murad (Hebrew: מיכאל מראד, Arabic: ميخائيل مراد ; Baghdad, 1906 – February 13, 1986, Tel Aviv) was a Jewish-Iraqi poet, writer, journalist, academic, and one of the founders of Jewish-Arab literature in the twentieth century, both in poetry and prose.", "\n\nBiography\nBetween 1941 and 1947 Marad served as the principal of the Shammash Jewish high school in Baghdad. ", "Some of his poetry in Arabic was published in the Jewish-Iraqi press, and in 1931 a book of love poems he wrote was also published. ", "His prose also touched on the rights of women and peasants, and criticized superstitions. ", "After immigrating to Israel in 1949, he was involved in the Arab education and wrote several textbooks.", "\n\nWhile in Israel he completed his master's degree at the Hebrew University, and completed his doctoral work in 1965 at Tel Aviv University, which was based on material from the Cairo Geniza.", "\n\nHis overall book of poems was published in 1988, two years after his death.", "\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Jewish poets\nCategory:Iraqi Jews\nCategory:Iraqi emigrants to Israel\nCategory:1906 births\nCategory:1986 deaths" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.0072992700729927005, 0.018018018018018018, 0, 0, 0, 0.010471204188481676, 0, 0 ]

[ "\n317 F.Supp. ", "1110 (1970)\nClaude Leon GUIDRY, Petitioner,\nv.\nUNITED STATES of America, Respondent.", "\nMisc. ", "No. ", "1623.", "\nUnited States District Court, E. D. Louisiana, New Orleans Division.", "\nMarch 9, 1970.", "\nEdward E. Chase, New Orleans, La., for petitioner.", "\nGeorge P. Hand, Jr., Asst. ", "U. S. Atty., ", "for respondent.", "\nRUBIN, District Judge:\nPetitioner pleaded guilty to a charge of violating 26 U.S.C.A. § 5054 (removal of beer from brewery without complying with tax regulations) and was committed to the custody of the Attorney General as a youth offender, under the Youth Corrections Act, 18 U.S.C.A. §§ *1111 5005-5026. ", "Section 5017(c) of that Act provides that one committed under Section 5010(b), as was petitioner, \"shall be released conditionally under supervision on or before the expiration of four years from the date of his conviction and shall be discharged unconditionally on or before six years from the date of his conviction.\" ", "Other subsections of Section 5017 authorize conditional release of the prisoner at any time, and unconditional discharge one year following the conditional release. ", "Guidry is currently serving this indeterminate sentence at the Federal Correctional Institution in Tallahassee, Florida.", "\nGuidry filed a motion to vacate his sentence, under 28 U.S.C.A. § 2255, claiming his constitutional rights were violated because he was subjected to incarceration and penal supervision for a longer period than he could have been confined had he been sentenced to the maximum one year imprisonment prescribed for the crime to which he pleaded guilty.[1] Although his court-appointed counsel presented an excellent and exhaustive brief on Guidry's behalf, the court must deny the motion to vacate the sentence.", "\nPetitioner's principal complaint is that the indeterminate sentence provisions of the Youth Corrections Act violate his right to fair and equal treatment under the Fifth Amendment, because they apply only to an age group — 18 to 26 — that he contends was chosen arbitrarily. ", "Because of the Act, this group alone may be incarcerated for a period longer than the maximum prescribed for the substantive offense; Guidry charges that the imposition of potentially longer confinement on an arbitrarily defined class constitutes an invidious discrimination.", "\nPetitioner also charges that this potentially longer sentence violates due process in his case, by imposing a greater penalty than Congress had designed for the offense of which he was convicted. ", "This loses sight of the fact that Congress passed the Youth Corrections Act as an alternative sentence, in effect, considering it more effective than orthodox penalties for some persons convicted of crimes. ", "The legislature does not encroach upon personal rights under the Fifth Amendment when it provides for flexibility in the treatment of offenders; it is well-settled that the benefits a convict receives under the Youth Corrections Act sufficiently balance the possibility of longer confinement to justify the indeterminate sentence under the Fifth and Eighth Amendments. ", "Cunningham v. United States, 5 Cir. ", "1958, 256 F.2d 467; Tatum v. United States, 1962, 114 U.S.App.", "D.C. 49, 310 F.2d 854; Rogers v. United States, 10 Cir. ", "1963, 326 F. 2d 56. ", "Indeed the end result of that Act may be that he will so fully discharge his societal debt as to erase his conviction. ", "In re Gault, 1967, 387 U.S. 1, 87 S.Ct. ", "1428, 18 L.Ed.2d 527, does not require a different result. ", "Guidry was denied no procedural safeguard because of his age, and Gault does not forbid — it expressly permits — special educational and rehabilitative treatment for youthful offenders.", "\nPetitioner's contentions that the Youth Corrections Act is an ex post facto law, and that it violates due process by imposing too much quasi-legislative discretion in the judiciary, are also without merit. ", "In reality, the Youth Corrections Act preceded by nine years the law setting up the crime to which Guidry pleaded guilty, and preceded his commission of the crime by 18 years; in no way can it be said to have aggravated the penalty for an existing offense. ", "The discretion granted judges to invoke the Youth Corrections Act or to sentence an eligible offender to the specific penalty attached to the offense is no greater in kind or *1112 degree than the traditional discretion of a sentencing judge; the Act simply provides an additional option, should the more customary imprisonment, fine, probation or suspension of sentence seem inadquate in a particular case.", "\nPetitioner concedes that the purpose of the Youth Corrections Act is to provide treatment and rehabilitation for certain offenders whose future might be more harmed than helped by serving time in a regular prison. ", "He argues, however, that these same objectives underlie the special treatment accorded juveniles (those under the age of 18) under the Juvenile Delinquency Act, 18 U.S.C.A. §§ 5031-5037, yet Section 5034 of that Act provides that commitment as a juvenile delinquent \"shall not exceed the term which might have been imposed had he been tried and convicted of the alleged violation.\" ", "Petitioner urges that the element distinguishing juveniles from youth offenders — attainment of the age of 18 — is a purely arbitrary one that does not justify denying to youth offenders the protection given juveniles.", "\nAlthough petitioner's discussion of this equal protection point lays much emphasis on a characterization of the age group 18-26 as arbitrary and unrelated to penological objectives, in fact the relevant class within which Guidry himself falls is that of \"youth offenders,\" those between 18 and 22, 18 U.S.C.A. § 5006(e).[2] Petitioner was 21 at the time of his conviction, and does not have standing to question the reasonableness of 18 U.S.C.A. § 4209, the provision making \"young adult offenders\" (those between 22 and 26) eligible for sentencing under the Youth Corrections Act. ", "In Cunningham v. United States, supra, the Fifth Circuit specifically dealt with the question whether, as to \"youth offenders,\" the Youth Corrections Act perpetrated an invidious discrimination vis-a-vis adults who receive definite sentences. ", "The court decided the distinction was a reasonable one, and that Congress could provide for special treatment for young persons who might be more amenable to training and rehabilitation.", "\nThe distinction between \"juveniles\" and \"youth offenders\" is also a reasonable one. ", "The Juvenile Delinquency Act creates a whole special apparatus for dealing with children who commit federal offenses, tailored to the needs of the very young. \"", "Very young,\" \"children\" and \"juveniles\" are all, of course, relative terms, and drawing a line according to age is the easiest and most useful means of drawing boundaries. ", "Distinctions among individuals close to the line on either side are of course harder to draw, but the eighteenth birthday is a symbol of near maturity frequently chosen as a point for the imposition of legal responsibilities and privileges. ", "Congress could constitutionally choose it as the determining factor between who was to be treated as a juvenile and who would be considered a youth offender.", "\nFor these reasons, the motion to vacate sentence will be denied.", "\nNOTES\n[1] An attack on the constitutionality of the conviction itself has apparently been abandoned. ", "The court feels that the point there raised was without merit, and would have denied relief on that ground, at any rate.", "\n[2] In fact, the distinction between juveniles and youth offenders, attacked by petitioner as discriminatory, is not relevant to the indeterminate sentence provisions of the Youth Corrections Act. \"", "Youth offender\" is anyone under the age of 22 at the time of conviction; this includes those who might also qualify as juveniles (under the age of 18, 18 U.S.C.A. § 5031). ", "The Attorney General has discretion to proceed against a juvenile in a regular criminal action, and the juvenile must consent to juvenile delinquency proceeding, 18 U.S.C.A. § 5032. ", "If the juvenile is prosecuted in a regular action, he is subject to sentencing under the Youth Corrections Act.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

[ 0, 0.023809523809523808, 0, 0, 0, 0.028985507246376812, 0, 0.0196078431372549, 0.10714285714285714, 0.07692307692307693, 0, 0.006514657980456026, 0, 0, 0.016666666666666666, 0.0019646365422396855, 0.0036231884057971015, 0, 0.01015228426395939, 0.004830917874396135, 0.0027100271002710027, 0.027777777777777776, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.025, 0, 0.010810810810810811, 0.004830917874396135, 0.0038910505836575876, 0, 0.004651162790697674, 0.002617801047120419, 0, 0, 0.00411522633744856, 0.005376344086021506, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006369426751592357, 0, 0, 0, 0.005, 0.005813953488372093, 0.005494505494505495, 0, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nregex to split string like \"ABC123XYZ111\" in java\n\nI have a string like ABC123XYZ111 so that regex should be able to split last numeric part as one part and from starting to start of last numberic value si one part,\neg : I want to split into two parts \nfirst part should contain ABC123XYZ and \nsecond part should be 111\nfirst part may contain numeric values but second part should be numeric.", "\n\nA:\n\nThis worked for me\nmyString.split(\"(?<=\\\\D)(?=\\\\d)|(?<=\\\\d)(?=\\\\D)\");\n\nA:\n\nKeep it simple then.", "\nString root = s.replaceAll(\"^(.*?)(\\\\d+)$\", \"$1\");\nString number = s.replaceAll(\"^(.*?)(\\\\d+)$\", \"$2\");\n\n^(.*?)(\\\\d+)$\n^ = begin of string\n$ = end of string\n.*? ", "= shortest sequence of any character\n\\d+ = digit, one or more\n( ... ) = group numbered from 1, $1, $2, ...\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0.005037783375314861, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sens bonding at CFB Petawawa\n\nRelated Content\n\nLatest News\n\nBRUCE GARRIOCH, QMI Agency\n\nOct 3, 2010\n\n, Last Updated: 11:25 PM ET\n\nThe final 23-man roster in place, the Senators are gathered at CFB Petawawa to bond as a unit.", "\n\nAs they prepare to host the Sabres in the home opener Friday, the Senators were expected to spend Sunday at the base, participating in team-building exercises to prepare for the rigorous regular season.", "\n\nSenators owner Eugene Melnyk is a supporter of the military and Ottawa players aren’t the first to visit where many soldiers have trained before serving in Afghanistan and in other missions.", "\n\nBefore the 2009 world junior championship in Ottawa, Team Canada underwent similar training in Petawawa. ", "That included a 30-foot jump from a helicopter that even Melnyk took part in.", "\n\nThe Senators’ on-ice work begins Monday with an open practice at Silver Dart Arena (10:30 a.m.). ", "There is plenty to be done in a short time.", "\n\nGM Bryan Murray made the final cuts Saturday before the 8-5 victory over the Rangers at Scotiabank Place.", "\n\nThere are only three new faces on the roster.", "\n\nSigned as an unrestricted free agent on July 1, defenceman Sergei Gonchar is the biggest acquisition. ", "Centre Zack Smith has made it after three attempts, while veteran blueliner David Hale will start the season here.", "\n\nMurray said the Senators have some work to do this week getting the troops prepared and working as a cohesive unit — especially on the power play, where Gonchar is expected to make an impact.", "\n\n“I think Gonchar will address what we thought he would with some offence off the back end,” said Murray. “", "I don’t like the way we’re moving the puck on the power play, but it’s just a matter of getting some practice and people shooting the puck off some passes.", "\n\n“Zack Smith brings a real strong individual to our team and the type of character that you want to add.”", "\n\nJudging by what we saw in camp, the top two lines will be: Jason Spezza-Milan Michalek-Daniel Alfredsson; and Mike Fisher-Nick Foligno-Alex Kovalev.", "\n\nThat could change depending on Foligno. ", "He had a strong camp, but needs to keep up the consistency with Peter Regin showing signs he deserves more ice time on the back of a strong performance on Saturday.", "\n\n“I think our top two lines are going to be fine,” said Murray. “", "It just seems throughout training camp that (Fisher) has been a little bit sore and (Alfredsson) hasn’t played a lot.", "\n\n“Until I see them in real games and somewhat more healthy, it’s going to be real hard to think we’re going to score some goals from that position until they get some co-ordination going.”", "\n\nThe biggest question mark is goaltending.", "\n\nNeither Pascal Leclaire nor Brian Elliott can brag about their camps.", "\n\nIt appears Leclaire will start Game 1. ", "He knows he must be much more consistent than he was in the pre-season.", "\n\n“I’m going to have to be better. ", "I know that,” said Leclaire. “(", "Who starts Friday is) out of my hands. ", "It’s done. ", "The most important thing is to get ready for the start of the season, have a good week of practice and come together as a team.", "\n\n“I don’t think we’ll have any problem doing that. ", "It’s exciting to start every year and that’s the main focus right now.”" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.017857142857142856, 0.004901960784313725, 0.005208333333333333, 0.009345794392523364, 0.012987012987012988, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0.018691588785046728, 0, 0.009615384615384616, 0.017543859649122806, 0.0051813471502590676, 0.009259259259259259, 0, 0.009433962264150943, 0.013333333333333334, 0.023809523809523808, 0.006097560975609756, 0.015151515151515152, 0.017094017094017096, 0, 0, 0.014084507042253521, 0.024390243902439025, 0, 0, 0.03225806451612903, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "With the Orient-Express at the Retro Classics\n\n03/10/2019 Lubricants\n\nÖstol convinces also this year as partner of the Retro Classics with a successful trade show appearance.", "\n\nMany visitors gathered information about the high-quality engine and gear oils for classic and vintage cars. ", "The crowd puller was besides the popular Östol-Bulli the Orient-Express (built 1897) which was presented at the booth. ", "A loan from the Unimog museum Gaggenau, which counts on Östol when maintaining the historic exhibits. ", "Also the newer vehicles are supplied with the lubricants of Oest." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.017241379310344827, 0, 0.008403361344537815, 0.0196078431372549, 0 ]

[ " -98232, -169801, -269704, -402663?", "\n-787*m**3 - m**2 + 59*m - 127\nWhat is the q'th term of -597, -2148, -4651, -8106, -12513, -17872?", "\n-476*q**2 - 123*q + 2\nWhat is the g'th term of 176, 432, 866, 1484, 2292?", "\ng**3 + 83*g**2 + 92\nWhat is the k'th term of 3868544, 3868546, 3868548, 3868550?", "\n2*k + 3868542\nWhat is the n'th term of -1793966, -1793960, -1793950, -1793936, -1793918?", "\n2*n**2 - 1793968\nWhat is the p'th term of -70486798, -140973594, -211460390, -281947186?", "\n-70486796*p - 2\nWhat is the u'th term of 28968169, 57936325, 86904481, 115872637?", "\n28968156*u + 13\nWhat is the j'th term of -185371, -185382, -185393, -185404?", "\n-11*j - 185360\nWhat is the m'th term of -40020, -40062, -40104?", "\n-42*m - 39978\nWhat is the y'th term of -1025055, -1025033, -1025011, -1024989, -1024967?", "\n22*y - 1025077\nWhat is the r'th term of -159310310, -159310309, -159310308, -159310307, -159310306?", "\nr - 159310311\nWhat is the x'th term of 18365626, 18365625, 18365624, 18365623, 18365622?", "\n-x + 18365627\nWhat is the x'th term of -375017, -750068, -1125119, -1500170, -1875221?", "\n-375051*x + 34\nWhat is the q'th term of -1128460, -1128872, -1129284, -1129696?", "\n-412*q - 1128048\nWhat is the s'th term of 252, 800, 2102, 4476, 8240?", "\n53*s**3 + 59*s**2 + 140\nWhat is the x'th term of -757859, -757408, -756959, -756512, -756067, -755624, -755183?", "\n-x**2 + 454*x - 758312\nWhat is the n'th term of 89960, 89954, 89928, 89876, 89792, 89670?", "\n-n**3 - 4*n**2 + 13*n + 89952\nWhat is the g'th term of -2186648268, -2186648269, -2186648270?", "\n-g - 2186648267\nWhat is the a'th term of 193811, 775339, 1744561, 3101483, 4846111, 6978451, 9498509, 12406291?", "\na**3 + 193841*a**2 - 2*a - 29\nWhat is the j'th term of -334478, -334352, -334226, -334100, -333974?", "\n126*j - 334604\nWhat is the k'th term of 896104, 896109, 896112, 896107, 896088, 896049, 895984?", "\n-k**3 + 5*k**2 - 3*k + 896103\nWhat is the m'th term of -156287, -623787, -1402489, -2492387, -3893475, -5605747?", "\nm**3 - 155607*m**2 - 686*m + 5\nWhat is the j'th term of -3757, -14584, -32507, -57532, -89665, -128912?", "\n-j**3 - 3542*j**2 - 194*j - 20\nWhat is the k'th term of -23442266, -46884532, -70326798?", "\n-23442266*k\nWhat is the r'th term of -83925, -168098, -252273, -336450, -420629, -504810?", "\n-r**2 - 84170*r + 246\nWhat is the n'th term of -5978, -47612, -160620, -380690, -743510, -1284768, -2040152?", "\n-5948*n**3 + n**2 - n - 30\nWhat is the i'th term of 130199, 130184, 130165, 130142, 130115?", "\n-2*i**2 - 9*i + 130210\nWhat is the m'th term of 154830, 154805, 154768, 154725, 154682, 154645, 154620?", "\nm**3 - 12*m**2 + 4*m + 154837\nWhat is the m'th term of 30, -26, -228, -648, -1358, -2430, -3936?", "\n-12*m**3 - m**2 + 31*m + 12\nWhat is the a'th term of 2208, 8899, 20052, 35643, 55648, 80043, 108804?", "\n-4*a**3 + 2255*a**2 - 46*a + 3\nWhat is the b'th term of -8672687, -8672679, -8672671?", "\n8*b - 8672695\nWhat is the o'th term of -380176944, -380176941, -380176938, -380176935, -380176932?", "\n3*o - 380176947\nWhat is the r'th term of 1187, 2382, 3745, 5282, 6999, 8902?", "\nr**3 + 78*r**2 + 954*r + 154\nWhat is the n'th term of 5502, 7300, 10300, 14502?", "\n601*n**2 - 5*n + 4906\nWhat is the y'th term of -24536, -98261, -221150, -393209, -614444?", "\n-y**3 - 24576*y**2 + 10*y + 31\nWhat is the y'th term of -2002864, -8011176, -18025030, -32044426, -50069364?", "\n-2002771*y**2 + y - 94\nWhat is the d'th term of 43523, 44380, 45801, 47780, 50311, 53388, 57005?", "\n-d**3 + 288*d**2 + 43236\nWhat is the v'th term of 3891, 31355, 105977, 251343, 491039?", "\n3931*v**3 - 7*v**2 - 32*v - 1\nWhat is the d'th term of -45202, -45220, -45274, -45382, -45562, -45832, -46210, -46714?", "\n-3*d**3 + 3*d - 45202\nWhat is the d'th term of 239, 262, 329, 452, 643?", "\n2*d**3 + 10*d**2 - 21*d + 248\nWhat is the z'th term of -9430, -9475, -9544, -9637?", "\n-12*z**2 - 9*z - 9409\nWhat is the f'th term of 825423, 1650878, 2476333?", "\n825455*f - 32\nWhat is the i'th term of 466512, 466567, 466618, 466665, 466708, 466747?", "\n-2*i**2 + 61*i + 466453\nWhat is the y'th term of -539, -680, -813, -938, -1055, -1164?", "\n4*y**2 - 153*y - 390\nWhat is the l'th term of 196, -140, -112, 760, 2956, 6956, 13240, 22288?", "\n80*l**3 - 298*l**2 - 2*l + 416\nWhat is the q'th term of -386499, -1546005, -3478521, -6184047, -9662583?", "\n-386505*q**2 + 9*q - 3\nWhat is the x'th term of 186123, 372746, 559369?", "\n186623*x - 500\nWhat is the d'th term of 175950, 175968, 175988, 176010, 176034, 176060?", "\nd**2 + 15*d + 175934\nWhat is the q'th term of -1457, -5357, -11855, -20951, -32645?", "\n-1299*q**2 - 3*q - 155\nWhat is the u'th term of 3689, 32083, 109905, 261869, 512689, 887079?", "\n4119*u**3 - 439*u + 9\nWhat is the y'th term of 10956, 9996, 9036, 8076?", "\n-960*y + 11916\nWhat is the j'th term of -1118913, -1118761, -1118609, -1118457?", "\n152*j - 1119065\nWhat is the c'th term of -666151, -666223, -666295, -666367, -666439?", "\n-72*c - 666079\nWhat is the s'th term of -90561414, -181122824, -271684234, -362245644, -452807054?", "\n-90561410*s - 4\nWhat is the i'th term of -2257, -4530, -6805, -9076, -11337, -13582, -15805?", "\ni**3 - 7*i**2 - 2259*i + 8\nWhat is the y'th term of -2156158, -2156173, -2156188, -2156203?", "\n-15*y - 2156143\nWhat is the d'th term of -877, -3557, -8003, -14197, -22121, -31757?", "\n3*d**3 - 901*d**2 + 2*d + 19\nWhat is the g'th term of 34452, 69171, 103892, 138615, 173340?", "\ng**2 + 34716*g - 265\nWhat is the a'th term of -458, -490, -94, 736, 2006, 3722, 5890, 8516?", "\na**3 + 208*a**2 - 663*a - 4\nWhat is the r'th term of 6336, 47711, 160010, 378693, 739220?", "\n5910*r**3 + 2*r**2 - r + 425\nWhat is the v'th term of -889, -3375, -7409, -12943, -19929?", "\n8*v**3 - 822*v**2 - 76*v + 1\nWhat is the g'th term of -5225781, -5225573, -5225365, -5225157, -5224949?", "\n208*g - 5225989\nWhat is the p'th term of -67062, -536459, -1810532, -4291617, -8382050?", "\n-67056*p**3 - 2*p**2 + p - 5\nWhat is the q'th term of 3239, 1562, -1235, -5152?", "\n-560*q**2 + 3*q + 3796\nWhat is the u'th term of 1439036, 1439045, 1439054, 1439057, 1439048?", "\n-u**3 + 6*u**2 - 2*u + 1439033\nWhat is the x'th term of -6229, -10624, -15019, -19414, -23809?", "\n-4395*x - 1834\nWhat is the c'th term of 484349, 968673, 1453007, 1937357, 2421729, 2906129?", "\nc**3 - c**2 + 484320*c + 29\nWhat is the m'th term of -451675, -451725, -451787, -451861, -451947, -452045?", "\n-6*m**2 - 32*m - 451637\nWhat is the d'th term of 1104, 359, -386, -1131, -1876?", "\n-745*d + 1849\nWhat is the v'th term of -206843055, -206843056, -206843057, -206843058, -206843059?", "\n-v - 206843054\nWhat is the m'th term of -40200, -40097, -40032, -40023, -40088?", "\n-3*m**3 - m**2 + 127*m - 40323\nWhat is the y'th term of 1794917, 3589893, 5384869, 7179845?", "\n1794976*y - 59\nWhat is the p'th term of -184, -484, -974, -1654, -2524?", "\n-95*p**2 - 15*p - 74\nWhat is the j'th term of 2028055, 2028058, 2028061, 2028064?", "\n3*j + 2028052\nWhat is the z'th term of 1224136, 2448523, 3672908, 4897291?", "\n-z**2 + 1224390*z - 253\nWhat is the t'th term of 31975, 127898, 287739, 511474, 799079, 1150530, 1565803?", "\n-4*t**3 + 31983*t**2 + 2*t - 6\nWhat is the b'th term of -81, 47, 385, 939, 1715, 2719?", "\nb**3 + 99*b**2 - 176*b - 5\nWhat is the t'th term of 3952, 15686, 35236, 62596, 97760, 140722, 191476, 250016?", "\n-t**3 + 3914*t**2 - t + 40\nWhat is the t'th term of -31603, -125092, -280907, -499048, -779515, -1122308?", "\n-31163*t**2 - 440\nWhat is the q'th term of -389, -1216, -2439, -4052, -6049?", "\nq**3 - 204*q**2 - 222*q + 36\nWhat is the b'th term of -2470, -9767, -21864, -38731, -60338, -86655, -117652, -153299?", "\n5*b**3 - 2430*b**2 - 42*b - 3\nWhat is the o'th term of -770213, -770199, -770175, -770141, -770097, -770043, -769979?", "\n5*o**2 - o - 770217\nWhat is the v'th term of -310952, -626605, -942270, -1257953, -1573660, -1889397?", "\n-v**3 - 315646*v + 4695\nWhat is the s'th term of -33735, -22692, -11649?", "\n11043*s - 44778\nWhat is the x'th term of 4766, 18783, 42092, 74693, 116586, 167771?", "\n4646*x**2 + 79*x + 41\nWhat is the a'th term of 34852, 34656, 34314, 33814, 33144, 32292, 31246?", "\n-2*a**3 - 61*a**2 + a + 34914\nWhat is the o'th term of -414668, -829335, -1244002, -1658669, -2073336?", "\n-414667*o - 1\nWhat is the a'th term of -3713, -14457, -32223, -56999, -88773, -127533, -173267, -225963?", "\n2*a**3 - 3523*a**2 - 189*a - 3\nWhat is the u'th term of -3799275, -7598548, -11397823, -15197100?", "\n-u**2 - 3799270*u - 4\nWhat is the j'th term of -180, -543, -866, -921, -480, 685?", "\n38*j**3 - 208*j**2 - 5*j - 5\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics" }

[ 0, 0.01020408163265306, 0, 0, 0.011235955056179775, 0.0449438202247191, 0, 0, 0.015625, 0.02247191011235955, 0.01, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.031914893617021274, 0.008928571428571428, 0, 0, 0.008849557522123894, 0, 0, 0.022222222222222223, 0.03669724770642202, 0, 0, 0.041237113402061855, 0, 0.011627906976744186, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0, 0.011111111111111112, 0.01834862385321101, 0, 0, 0.025210084033613446, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.009523809523809525, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.010101010101010102, 0.010752688172043012, 0, 0.011764705882352941, 0, 0.021739130434782608, 0, 0.011111111111111112, 0, 0.022727272727272728, 0.025, 0, 0.010526315789473684, 0, 0.018691588785046728, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.027777777777777776, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.02830188679245283, 0.012987012987012988, 0.025423728813559324, 0, 0.0196078431372549, 0.0136986301369863, 0, 0, 0.009708737864077669, 0.009523809523809525, 0.02040816326530612, 0, 0 ]

[ "Clan Udny\n\nClan Udny is a Scottish armigerous clan from Aberdeenshire, Scotland. ", "\n\nArms for Udny of the Ilk have been recorded on three occasions in the Lyon Register; 1672-7, 1748–51 and 1789.", "\n\nThe family Udny of Udny possessed the barony of Udny in Aberdeenshire for several generations prior to 1875. ", "Udny Castle was probably initially constructed by the Udny family in the 14th or 15th century.", "\n\nThe name has been spelled sometimes as Widney and Uldney. ", "Scottish folk singer Jock Duncan said about the pronunciation of Udny, when commenting on his song about the Aberdeenshire town of Udny on his CD Ye Shine Whar Ye Stan!: \"", "I’ve heard many versions o it - an tunes an aa, fen I wis young. ", "Widney wis the pronunciation. ", "Never naebody heard o Udny: ‘It’s Widney boy - are ye gaun doun tae Widney the nicht?’\"", "\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\"A New History of Aberdeenshire\", Alexander Smith (Ed), 1875\n\nUdny" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

[ 0.012195121951219513, 0.008928571428571428, 0, 0.010638297872340425, 0.016666666666666666, 0.017543859649122806, 0, 0, 0.011494252873563218, 0.010526315789473684 ]

[ "/*\n * Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. ", "All Rights Reserved.", "\n * \n * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\").", "\n * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.", "\n * A copy of the License is located at\n * \n * http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0\n * \n * or in the \"license\" file accompanying this file. ", "This file is distributed\n * on an \"AS IS\" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either\n * express or implied. ", "See the License for the specific language governing\n * permissions and limitations under the License.", "\n */\n\n/*\n * Do not modify this file. ", "This file is generated from the cognito-idp-2016-04-18.normal.json service model.", "\n */\nusing System;\nusing System.", "Collections.", "Generic;\nusing System.", "Xml.", "Serialization;\nusing System.", "Text;\nusing System.", "IO;\nusing System.", "Net;\n\nusing Amazon.", "Runtime;\nusing Amazon.", "Runtime.", "Internal;\n\nnamespace Amazon.", "CognitoIdentityProvider.", "Model\n{\n /// <summary>\n /// This is the response object from the AssociateSoftwareToken operation.", "\n /// </summary>\n public partial class AssociateSoftwareTokenResponse : AmazonWebServiceResponse\n {\n private string _secretCode;\n private string _session;\n\n /// <summary>\n /// Gets and sets the property SecretCode. ", "\n /// <para>\n /// A unique generated shared secret code that is used in the TOTP algorithm to generate\n /// a one time code.", "\n /// </para>\n /// </summary>\n [AWSProperty(Min=16)]\n public string SecretCode\n {\n get { return this._secretCode; }\n set { this._secretCode = value; }\n }\n\n // Check to see if SecretCode property is set\n internal bool IsSetSecretCode()\n {\n return this._secretCode !", "= null;\n }\n\n /// <summary>\n /// Gets and sets the property Session. ", "\n /// <para>\n /// The session which should be passed both ways in challenge-response calls to the service.", "\n /// This allows authentication of the user as part of the MFA setup process.", "\n /// </para>\n /// </summary>\n [AWSProperty(Min=20, Max=2048)]\n public string Session\n {\n get { return this._session; }\n set { this._session = value; }\n }\n\n // Check to see if Session property is set\n internal bool IsSetSession()\n {\n return this._session !", "= null;\n }\n\n }\n}" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0, 0, 0.014084507042253521, 0.014705882352941176, 0.014705882352941176, 0, 0.009900990099009901, 0, 0.012345679012345678, 0.0625, 0, 0.09090909090909091, 0, 0.03571428571428571, 0.05263157894736842, 0.11764705882352941, 0.05263157894736842, 0.045454545454545456, 0, 0.03571428571428571, 0, 0.009615384615384616, 0, 0.006896551724137931, 0.002777777777777778, 0, 0, 0.011764705882352941, 0.002840909090909091, 0 ]

[ "This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No. ", "2002-011989, filed Jan. 21, 2002, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.", "\n1. ", "Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates to a semiconductor device including a FET having a gate electrode of a honeycomb structure.", "\n2. ", "Description of the Related Art\nA FET having a gate electrode of a honeycomb structure has been considered for use as a high frequency element.", "\nA MOSFET of a honeycomb structure has been disclosed, as in IEEE Trans. ", "on Semiconductor Manufacturing, Vol. ", "13, pp. ", "167-172, May 2000, for example. ", "The literature is a report about a MOSFET of hexagonal honeycomb structure. ", "In the literature, it is described that a highly integrated (small area) circuit can be provided particularly by a 2-input drain/source common circuit configuration (FIG. ", "3, FIG. ", "6). ", "The structure of a conventional MOSFET of honeycomb structure is shown in FIG. ", "1.", "\nIn the structure shown in the literature, elongated hexagonal gate electrodes are sequentially connected from upper left to lower right. ", "In such a structure, a gate resistance becomes larger, and high frequency characteristics are deteriorated. ", "Further, since a drain diffusion layer contact is obliquely arranged at 45xc2x0, and a source electrode wiring is configured with an oblique wiring at 60xc2x0, it is predicted that the oblique wiring rule would become highly complicated, resulting in a lower semiconductor device yield.", "\nA conventional FET having a gate electrode of a honeycomb structure has a problem that the wiring design rule of the drain wiring layer and the source wiring layer becomes complicated.", "\nIt is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device capable of simplifying a design rule of drain wiring layers in a convention FET having a gate electrode of a honeycomb structure, as described above.", "\nIn order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising:\na plurality of unit cells, each comprising a gate insulating film formed on a semiconductor substrate,\na gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film and in which a plurality of hexagonal rings are mutually connected so as to form a honeycomb structure,\na drain diffusion layer formed in the semiconductor substrate on the inside of one hexagonal ring,\nand source diffusion layers formed in the semiconductor substrate on the inside of a plurality of hexagonal rings which are adjacent to the hexagonal ring having the drain diffusion layer formed therein;\nsource contact plugs formed in the semiconductor substrate and are electrically connected to source diffusion layers;\na source wiring layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and is connected to the source contact plugs;\ndrain contact plugs formed on the semiconductor substrate and are electrically connected to drain diffusion layers; and\na drain wiring layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and being electrically connected to the drain contact plugs,\nwherein each unit cell being arranged sharing source diffusion layers in adjacent unit cells,\nthe hexagonal rings each having two vertexes having an inner angle 90xc2x0, and four vertexes having an inner angle 135xc2x0, the hexagonal rings each being symmetrical with respect to a segment connecting the two vertexes having an inner angle 90xc2x0, and\nthe drain wiring layer is configured in which a plurality of isosceles triangle rings, where a hypotenuse is parallel to the segment, are mutually connected so as to form a honeycomb structure.", "\nAccording to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device comprising:\na plurality of unit cells each comprising a gate insulating film formed on a semiconductor substrate,\na gate electrode formed on the gate insulating film and in which a plurality of hexagonal rings are mutually connected so as to form a honeycomb structure,\na drain diffusion layer formed in the semiconductor substrate on the inside of one hexagonal ring, and\nsource diffusion layers formed in the semiconductor substrate on the inside of a plurality of hexagonal rings which are adjacent to the hexagonal ring having the drain diffusion layer formed therein;\nsource contact plugs formed in the semiconductor substrate and are electrically connected to source diffusion layers;\na source wiring layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and is connected to the source contact plugs;\ndrain contact plugs formed on the semiconductor substrate and are electrically connected to drain diffusion layers; and\na drain wiring layer formed on the semiconductor substrate and is electrically connected to the drain contact plugs,\nwherein each unit cell being arranged sharing source diffusion layers in adjacent unit cells,\nthe hexagonal ring being equilateral hexagonal, and\nthe drain wiring layer being configured in which a plurality of isosceles triangles are mutually connected so as to form a honeycomb structure.", "\nAdditional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. ", "The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0.006944444444444444, 0, 0.007042253521126761, 0.0273972602739726, 0.02702702702702703, 0, 0, 0.013157894736842105, 0.005847953216374269, 0.125, 0, 0.02531645569620253, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.005405405405405406, 0.0044444444444444444, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Bacary Sagna has appeared in all but two of Arsenal's matches so far this season.", "\nReuters\n\nArsenal will be without Bacary Sagna when they look to maintain their advantage at the top of the Premier League against Hull City on Wednesday. ", "The Gunners maintained a four-point edge over their rivals after beating Cardiff 3-0 on Saturday, but Wenger confirmed that they will have to navigate the visit of Hull without Sagna, who has picked up a hamstring injury.", "\n\n“From Saturday against Cardiff we will lose Sagna, who has a slight hamstring problem,” he said, according to Arsenal’s official website. “", "He should be out for tomorrow's game.”", "\n\nCarl Jenkinson is set to step into Sagna’s right-back berth for his first start since the Capital One Cup defeat against Chelsea at the end of October, when his error led to the opening goal. ", "Wenger, though, explained that rotations was necessary over the course of a long season.", "\n\n“We have so many games that in some positions I will have to change; the full-back position is one that is very demanding,” he said. \"", "Central defense is a little bit less demanding on the physical side, it's more on the concentration side.", "\n\n“When you play so many games of that intensity, we expect to lose one or two players. ", "In every single game I [will rotate]. ", "I try to limit the number because I do not want to disrupt the balance of the team, so I do that in every single game.”", "\n\nWenger’s options will soon be enhanced by Lukas Podolski. ", "The German attacker has been out since tearing his hamstring in August, but is set to return to full training in the coming days.", "\n\n“Lukas Podolski should be back in normal training after the Hull game,” Wenger confirmed. “", "What he lacks is competition. ", "You would say it will take at least a week with normal training to consider him fit for the squad.”", "\n\nPodolski’s return will provide another welcome alternative up front. ", "With Arsenal’s options in the striking department limited, there has been speculation of late moves for Brazil international Alexandre Pato and Real Madrid youngster Alvaro Morata. ", "Wenger denied those reports and pointed to currently injured summer signing Yaya Sanogo as a reason why there was no panic to make new signings.", "\n\n\"I am not concerned about that [new signings],” he said, according to ESPN. “", "We have at the moment Yaya Sanogo who is a striker we brought in during the summer, who is coming back from injury in January. ", "Hopefully he will help us in the second part of the season.\"", "\n\nJanuary is also expected to see the return of Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain, who has been absent with a knee injury suffered on the opening day of the Premier League season. ", "Abou Diaby’s latest comeback from injury is tentatively scheduled for March." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.024691358024691357, 0.012903225806451613, 0.013574660633484163, 0.014184397163120567, 0, 0.015463917525773196, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.016666666666666666, 0, 0.010752688172043012, 0, 0, 0, 0.016574585635359115, 0.006944444444444444, 0.012658227848101266, 0.007874015748031496, 0, 0.0058823529411764705, 0.013157894736842105 ]

[ "// Nitrogen/CFNumber.hh\n// --------------------\n\n// Part of the Nitrogen project.", "\n//\n// Written 2002-2004 by Lisa Lippincott and Marshall Clow.", "\n//\n// This code was written entirely by the above contributors, who place it\n// in the public domain.", "\n\n\n#ifndef NITROGEN_CFNUMBER_HH\n#define NITROGEN_CFNUMBER_HH\n\n// Mac OS X\n#ifdef __APPLE__\n#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>\n#endif\n\n// Mac OS\n#ifndef __COREFOUNDATION_CFDATE__\n#ifndef __CFDATE__\n#include <CFNumber.h>\n#endif\n#endif\n\n// Nitrogen\n#ifndef NITROGEN_CFBOOLEAN_HH\n#include \"Nitrogen/CFBoolean.hh\"\n#endif\n\nnamespace Nitrogen\n {\n template <> struct CFType_Traits< CFNumberRef >: Basic_CFType_Traits< CFNumberRef, ::CFNumberGetTypeID > {};\n }\n\nnamespace nucleus\n {\n template <> struct disposer_class< CFNumberRef > : disposer_class<Nitrogen::CFTypeRef> {};\n }\n\nnamespace Nitrogen\n {\n inline void CFShow( const CFNumberRef n ) { ::CFShow( n ); }\n \n template < class NumericType > struct CFNumber_Traits;\n \n template < class Type, CFNumberType typeCode >\n struct Basic_CFNumber_Traits\n {\n typedef Type ClosestType;\n static const CFNumberType type = typeCode;\n };\n \n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< char >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< char, ::kCFNumberCharType > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< short >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< short, ::kCFNumberShortType > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< int >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< int, ::kCFNumberIntType > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< long >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< long, ::kCFNumberLongType > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< long long >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< long long, ::kCFNumberLongLongType > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< float >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< float, ::kCFNumberFloatType > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< double >: Basic_CFNumber_Traits< double, ::kCFNumberDoubleType > {};\n\n template < class Closest >\n struct Converting_CFNumber_Traits\n {\n typedef Closest ClosestType;\n };\n\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< unsigned char >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< int > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< unsigned short >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< int > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< unsigned int >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< int > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< unsigned long >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< long long > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< unsigned long long >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< long long > {};\n\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< signed char >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< char > {};\n template <> struct CFNumber_Traits< long double >: Converting_CFNumber_Traits< double > {};\n\n\n class CFNumberCreate_Failed {};\n nucleus::owned< CFNumberRef > CFNumberCreate( CFAllocatorRef allocator,\n CFNumberType theType,\n const void * valuePtr );\n \n template < class NumericType >\n nucleus::owned< CFNumberRef > CFNumberCreate( CFAllocatorRef allocator,\n NumericType value )\n {\n typedef typename CFNumber_Traits< NumericType >::ClosestType ClosestType;\n ClosestType convertable = nucleus::convert< ClosestType >( value );\n return Nitrogen::CFNumberCreate( allocator,\n CFNumber_Traits< ClosestType >::type,\n &convertable );\n }\n \n template < class NumericType >\n nucleus::owned< CFNumberRef > CFNumberCreate( NumericType value )\n {\n return CFNumberCreate< NumericType >( kCFAllocatorDefault, value );\n }\n \n \n using ::CFNumberGetType;\n using ::CFNumberGetByteSize;\n inline bool CFNumberIsFloatType( CFNumberRef number ) { return ::CFNumberIsFloatType( number ); }\n \n \n class CFNumberGetValue_Failed {};\n \n template < class DesiredType >\n class CFNumberGetValue_FailedWithResult: public CFNumberGetValue_Failed\n {\n private:\n DesiredType result;\n \n public:\n CFNumberGetValue_FailedWithResult( DesiredType n )\n : result( n )\n {}\n \n DesiredType Get() const { return result; }\n operator DesiredType() const { return result; }\n };\n\n template < class NumericType >\n NumericType CFNumberGetValue( CFNumberRef number )\n {\n typedef typename CFNumber_Traits< NumericType >::ClosestType ClosestType;\n ClosestType convertable;\n bool success = CFNumberGetValue( number,\n CFNumber_Traits< ClosestType >::type,\n &convertable );\n \n NumericType result = nucleus::convert< NumericType >( convertable );\n \n if ( !", "success )\n throw CFNumberGetValue_FailedWithResult<NumericType>( result );\n \n return result;\n }\n\n \n inline CFComparisonResult CFNumberCompare( CFNumberRef number,\n CFNumberRef otherNumber )\n {\n return ::CFNumberCompare( number, otherNumber, 0 );\n }\n\n\n template < class NumericType >\n struct ConverterFromCFNumber\n {\n typedef CFNumberRef argument_type;\n typedef NumericType result_type;\n \n bool operator()( const CFNumberRef& in ) const\n {\n return Nitrogen::CFNumberGetValue< NumericType >( in );\n }\n };\n }\n\nnamespace nucleus\n { \n template<> struct converter< char, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< char > {};\n template<> struct converter< signed char, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< signed char > {};\n template<> struct converter< signed short, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< signed short > {};\n template<> struct converter< signed int, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< signed int > {};\n template<> struct converter< signed long, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< signed long > {};\n template<> struct converter< signed long long, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< signed long long > {};\n template<> struct converter< unsigned char, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< unsigned char > {};\n template<> struct converter< unsigned short, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< unsigned short > {};\n template<> struct converter< unsigned int, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< unsigned int > {};\n template<> struct converter< unsigned long, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< unsigned long > {};\n template<> struct converter< unsigned long long, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< unsigned long long > {};\n template<> struct converter< float, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< float > {};\n template<> struct converter< double, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< double > {};\n template<> struct converter< long double, CFNumberRef > : Nitrogen::ConverterFromCFNumber< long double > {};\n }\n\nnamespace Nitrogen\n {\n\n template < class NumericType >\n struct ConverterToCFNumber\n {\n typedef NumericType argument_type;\n typedef nucleus::owned< CFNumberRef > result_type;\n \n nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef> operator()( const NumericType& in )\n {\n return CFNumberCreate( in );\n }\n };\n\n }\n\nnamespace nucleus\n {\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, char > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< char > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, signed char > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< signed char > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, signed short > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< signed short > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, signed int > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< signed int > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, signed long > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< signed long > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, signed long long > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< signed long long > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, unsigned char > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< unsigned char > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, unsigned short > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< unsigned short > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, unsigned int > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< unsigned int > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, unsigned long > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< unsigned long > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, unsigned long long > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< unsigned long long > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, float > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< float > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, double > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< double > {};\n template<> struct converter< nucleus::owned<CFNumberRef>, long double > : Nitrogen::ConverterToCFNumber< long double > {};\n }\n\n#endif\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0.012345679012345678, 0.03225806451612903, 0, 0.006407518154634771, 0.002898550724637681 ]

[ "/**************************************************************************\n *\n * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 VMware, Inc., Palo Alto, CA., ", "USA\n * All Rights Reserved.", "\n *\n * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a\n * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the\n * \"Software\"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including\n * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,\n * distribute, sub license, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to\n * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to\n * the following conditions:\n *\n * The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the\n * next paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions\n * of the Software.", "\n *\n * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\n * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\n * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. ", "IN NO EVENT SHALL\n * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS, AUTHORS AND/OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,\n * DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR\n * OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE\n * USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.", "\n *\n **************************************************************************/\n/*\n * Authors: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom-at-vmware-dot-com>\n */\n\n#include \"ttm/ttm_lock.h\"\n#include \"ttm/ttm_module.h\"\n#include <asm/atomic.h>\n#include <linux/errno.h>\n#include <linux/wait.h>\n#include <linux/sched.h>\n#include <linux/module.h>\n\n#define TTM_WRITE_LOCK_PENDING (1 << 0)\n#define TTM_VT_LOCK_PENDING (1 << 1)\n#define TTM_SUSPEND_LOCK_PENDING (1 << 2)\n#define TTM_VT_LOCK (1 << 3)\n#define TTM_SUSPEND_LOCK (1 << 4)\n\nvoid ttm_lock_init(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tspin_lock_init(&lock->lock);\n\tinit_waitqueue_head(&lock->queue);\n\tlock->rw = 0;\n\tlock->flags = 0;\n\tlock->kill_takers = false;\n\tlock->signal = SIGKILL;\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_lock_init);\n\nvoid ttm_read_unlock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (--lock->rw == 0)\n\t\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_read_unlock);\n\nstatic bool __ttm_read_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tbool locked = false;\n\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (unlikely(lock->kill_takers)) {\n\t\tsend_sig(lock->signal, current, 0);\n\t\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\t\treturn false;\n\t}\n\tif (lock->rw >= 0 && lock->flags == 0) {\n\t\t++lock->rw;\n\t\tlocked = true;\n\t}\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\treturn locked;\n}\n\nint ttm_read_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock, bool interruptible)\n{\n\tint ret = 0;\n\n\tif (interruptible)\n\t\tret = wait_event_interruptible(lock->queue,\n\t\t\t\t\t __ttm_read_lock(lock));\n\telse\n\t\twait_event(lock->queue, __ttm_read_lock(lock));\n\treturn ret;\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_read_lock);\n\nstatic bool __ttm_read_trylock(struct ttm_lock *lock, bool *locked)\n{\n\tbool block = true;\n\n\t*locked = false;\n\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (unlikely(lock->kill_takers)) {\n\t\tsend_sig(lock->signal, current, 0);\n\t\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\t\treturn false;\n\t}\n\tif (lock->rw >= 0 && lock->flags == 0) {\n\t\t++lock->rw;\n\t\tblock = false;\n\t\t*locked = true;\n\t} else if (lock->flags == 0) {\n\t\tblock = false;\n\t}\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\n\treturn !", "block;\n}\n\nint ttm_read_trylock(struct ttm_lock *lock, bool interruptible)\n{\n\tint ret = 0;\n\tbool locked;\n\n\tif (interruptible)\n\t\tret = wait_event_interruptible\n\t\t\t(lock->queue, __ttm_read_trylock(lock, &locked));\n\telse\n\t\twait_event(lock->queue, __ttm_read_trylock(lock, &locked));\n\n\tif (unlikely(ret !", "= 0)) {\n\t\tBUG_ON(locked);\n\t\treturn ret;\n\t}\n\n\treturn (locked) ? ", "0 : -EBUSY;\n}\n\nvoid ttm_write_unlock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tlock->rw = 0;\n\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_write_unlock);\n\nstatic bool __ttm_write_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tbool locked = false;\n\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (unlikely(lock->kill_takers)) {\n\t\tsend_sig(lock->signal, current, 0);\n\t\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\t\treturn false;\n\t}\n\tif (lock->rw == 0 && ((lock->flags & ~TTM_WRITE_LOCK_PENDING) == 0)) {\n\t\tlock->rw = -1;\n\t\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_WRITE_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t\tlocked = true;\n\t} else {\n\t\tlock->flags |= TTM_WRITE_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t}\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\treturn locked;\n}\n\nint ttm_write_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock, bool interruptible)\n{\n\tint ret = 0;\n\n\tif (interruptible) {\n\t\tret = wait_event_interruptible(lock->queue,\n\t\t\t\t\t __ttm_write_lock(lock));\n\t\tif (unlikely(ret !", "= 0)) {\n\t\t\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\t\t\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_WRITE_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t\t\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\t\t\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\t\t}\n\t} else\n\t\twait_event(lock->queue, __ttm_read_lock(lock));\n\n\treturn ret;\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_write_lock);\n\nvoid ttm_write_lock_downgrade(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tlock->rw = 1;\n\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n}\n\nstatic int __ttm_vt_unlock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tint ret = 0;\n\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (unlikely(!(lock->flags & TTM_VT_LOCK)))\n\t\tret = -EINVAL;\n\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_VT_LOCK;\n\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\tprintk(KERN_INFO TTM_PFX \"vt unlock.\\n\");\n\n\treturn ret;\n}\n\nstatic void ttm_vt_lock_remove(struct ttm_base_object **p_base)\n{\n\tstruct ttm_base_object *base = *p_base;\n\tstruct ttm_lock *lock = container_of(base, struct ttm_lock, base);\n\tint ret;\n\n\t*p_base = NULL;\n\tret = __ttm_vt_unlock(lock);\n\tBUG_ON(ret !", "= 0);\n}\n\nstatic bool __ttm_vt_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tbool locked = false;\n\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (lock->rw == 0) {\n\t\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_VT_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t\tlock->flags |= TTM_VT_LOCK;\n\t\tlocked = true;\n\t} else {\n\t\tlock->flags |= TTM_VT_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t}\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\treturn locked;\n}\n\nint ttm_vt_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock,\n\t\tbool interruptible,\n\t\tstruct ttm_object_file *tfile)\n{\n\tint ret = 0;\n\n\tif (interruptible) {\n\t\tret = wait_event_interruptible(lock->queue,\n\t\t\t\t\t __ttm_vt_lock(lock));\n\t\tif (unlikely(ret !", "= 0)) {\n\t\t\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\t\t\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_VT_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t\t\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\t\t\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\t\t\treturn ret;\n\t\t}\n\t} else\n\t\twait_event(lock->queue, __ttm_vt_lock(lock));\n\n\t/*\n\t * Add a base-object, the destructor of which will\n\t * make sure the lock is released if the client dies\n\t * while holding it.", "\n\t */\n\n\tret = ttm_base_object_init(tfile, &lock->base, false,\n\t\t\t\t ttm_lock_type, &ttm_vt_lock_remove, NULL);\n\tif (ret)\n\t\t(void)__ttm_vt_unlock(lock);\n\telse {\n\t\tlock->vt_holder = tfile;\n\t\tprintk(KERN_INFO TTM_PFX \"vt lock.\\n\");\n\t}\n\n\treturn ret;\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_vt_lock);\n\nint ttm_vt_unlock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\treturn ttm_ref_object_base_unref(lock->vt_holder,\n\t\t\t\t\t lock->base.hash.key, TTM_REF_USAGE);\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_vt_unlock);\n\nvoid ttm_suspend_unlock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_SUSPEND_LOCK;\n\twake_up_all(&lock->queue);\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_suspend_unlock);\n\nstatic bool __ttm_suspend_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\tbool locked = false;\n\n\tspin_lock(&lock->lock);\n\tif (lock->rw == 0) {\n\t\tlock->flags &= ~TTM_SUSPEND_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t\tlock->flags |= TTM_SUSPEND_LOCK;\n\t\tlocked = true;\n\t} else {\n\t\tlock->flags |= TTM_SUSPEND_LOCK_PENDING;\n\t}\n\tspin_unlock(&lock->lock);\n\treturn locked;\n}\n\nvoid ttm_suspend_lock(struct ttm_lock *lock)\n{\n\twait_event(lock->queue, __ttm_suspend_lock(lock));\n}\nEXPORT_SYMBOL(ttm_suspend_lock);\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

[ 0, 0.037037037037037035, 0.006369426751592357, 0.004629629629629629, 0, 0.00396235760277365, 0.0033444816053511705, 0, 0.004608294930875576, 0.0031746031746031746, 0.0018315018315018315, 0.002932551319648094, 0.004512635379061372 ]

[ "Q:\n\n$location path removing parameters\n\nI am using angular and have a complex URL with many parameters, something along the lines of http://localhost:3000/#/faaacceptance?FAAFreqNauticalMileOption=20\nFor some reason, when I do the following:\nvar absUrl = $location.absUrl();\nvar test1= $location.path();\nvar test2= $location.url();\n\nAll returned a url without the the query parameters.", "\nIt only returns http://localhost:3000/#/faaacceptance\nAll of my parameters after ? ", "are getting removed and I cannot figure out why. ", "After the controller finishes loading, all of the url parameters in the url bar are removed.", "\nI am using the triangular admin theme, and this started happening after I updated it, but I am not sure if there is some other way I could figure out what is wrong, as I cannot find where in the theme this would be happening. ", "I also updated angular to the newest version, so perhaps something changed. ", "Thank you for any help/\n\nA:\n\nYou can always use the window.location object that has all the necessary attributes that you need.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Q:\n\nanimate a button from left to right in a parent with text align center\n\nI have two buttons which are centered with a text align center imposed on the parent element. ", "The right button will at some point be faded out with .fadeOut(). ", " \nAfter the fadeOut occurs, the left element is placed in the center . ", "However there is no animation . ", "I added a css transition of all 0.3s ease-in-out on the left element but it still doesn't work because the styling of the left element isn't really changing.", "\nAny ideas to how to do it with my current styling ? ", "\nHere is a jsfiddle of my current situation.", "\n<div class=\"nav\">\n <div class=\"nav-btn one\">button 1</div>\n <div class=\"nav-btn two\">button 2</div>\n</div>\n\n$('.nav-btn.two').on('click', function(e){\n $(this).fadeOut();\n});\n\n.nav\n{\n width : 100%;\n text-align : center; \n}\n.nav-btn\n{\n display : inline-block;\n padding : 10px;\n background : #252525;\n color : #fff;\n}\n\nI want to animate the left button to the center rather than just move it to align to center.", "\n\nA:\n\nIn my experience this kind of DOM manipulation can't trigger an animation at all. ", "From what you're describing you should not use .fadeOut(), but instead try using an animation that reduces the width of that element. ", "Don't forget to eliminate margins (use wrapping elements and padding instead) as well the padding on the target element (otherwise width animation to 0 will not do well).", "\n$('.button').on('click', function() {\n $(this).css({\n 'overflow': 'hidden',\n }).animate({\n 'width': 0\n }, 350, function() {\n $(this).hide();\n });\n});\n\nIf you don't like this approach you probably have to redesign your buttons with absolute positioning.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.011363636363636364, 0, 0, 0.0034965034965034965, 0 ]

[ "BSP authorizes Tagcash as an e-money issuer\n\nTagcash is now a duly authorized e-money issuer (EMI) by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), securing its EMI license as of June 19 2018.", "\n\nTagcash, a fintech non-bank company that provides digital wallet services, was established in 2014. ", "With this new EMI license, founder Mark Vernon is committed to expand its customer base and extend its services by introducing functionalities that promote financial inclusion like equity crowdfunding and secondary exchange, peer-to-peer lending, NFTC token auctions, loyalty rewards, micropayments and remittances, and at the same time, provide a regulated platform to safely secure its customers’ funds.", "\n\n“We look forward to the day when all Filipinos are using digital money running via the Blockchain, helping to cut down corruption and inefficiency and encouraging the creation of new business ideas using micropayments,” Mark Vernon told BitChikka.", "\n\nA notable difference between Tagcash and other fintech players is that they are utilizing a permissioned blockchain in building their services. ", "This allows for a more transparent financial ledger with the appropriate regulatory measures taken into consideration.", "\n\nBSP has provided an enabling policy and regulatory environment that fosters the growth of financial inclusion. ", "As of December 31 2017, BSP has already issued EMI license to 40 financial entities, with 8 of them being non-bank financial institutions. ", "This can be a good sign that BSP is now open to new innovations from other fintech players as well.", "\n\nWith about 85% of Filipinos who are still unbanked, Tagcash complements BSP’s agenda to prioritize financial inclusion and push for a financial system that will cater to all sectors of society by year 2040." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0.032432432432432434, 0, 0.007407407407407408, 0.008032128514056224, 0.00684931506849315, 0, 0, 0.014388489208633094, 0.010101010101010102, 0.009615384615384616 ]

[ "\n556 So.2d 187 (1990)\nSTATE of Louisiana, Respondent,\nv.\nBryan Wayne WIDENHOUSE and Frank Dwayne Moseley, Respondents, and\nGannett River States Publishing Corporation d/b/a The Times, Intervenor/Applicant.", "\nNo. ", "21605-KW.", "\nCourt of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.", "\nJanuary 22, 1990.", "\n*188 Graves, Daye, Bowie, Beresko & Flowers by: Peter R. Flowers, Shreveport, for defendant/respondent Bryan Wayne Widenhouse.", "\nDaryl Gold, Bossier City, for defendant/respondent Frank DeWayne Moseley.", "\nTucker, Jeter, Jackson & Hickman by W. Lake Hearne, Shreveport, for intervenor/applicant Gannett River States Pub. ", "Corp.\nWilliam J. Guste, Jr., Atty. ", "Gen., Henry N. Brown, Jr., Dist. ", "Atty., ", "David G. Griffith, Asst. ", "Dist. ", "Atty., ", "Benton, for plaintiff/ respondent.", "\nBefore HALL, NORRIS and HIGHTOWER, JJ.", "\nNORRIS, Judge.", "\nIntervenor, Gannett River States Publishing Corporation, d/b/a The Times (hereinafter \"The Times\"), applied for writs asking us to review the trial court's order sealing that portion of the record in this matter that contains answers to motions for discovery and inspection, together with all attachments. ", "For the reasons expressed, we grant the writ, make it peremptory and reverse the lower court's ruling sealing the record.", "\nThe victim, 17-year old Bramonte Smith, was shot to death on August 15, 1989. ", "The police arrested two of his classmates, Bryan Wayne Widenhouse and Frank D. *189 Mosley, on first degree murder charges in connection with the case. ", "News of the murder and arrests appeared on the front page of The Times on August 17, 1989. ", "The following day The Times ran a front-page story reporting public statements attributed to Chief Detective Gene Rittenberry that the defendants had confessed to the police how they plotted Smith's death and killed him; it also reported that one of the defendants admitted to a high school counselor that he participated in the murder. ", "All parties concede that the incident has generated intense public interest and has been the subject of extensive news coverage, not just in The Times but by all local media.", "\nThe defendants were subsequently indicted for second degree murder in violation of LSA-R.S. 14:31.", "\nOn August 29, 1989, the trial court, in chambers at the request of the state and without objection from the defendants, ordered that the entire record in the case be sealed. ", "Prior to this order both defendants filed motions to set bond, and Mosley moved for a preliminary examination and discovery. ", "On August 29, 1989, Widenhouse filed a motion to change venue, to suppress any statements and physical evidence and a motion for discovery. ", "Subsequent to the order sealing the record, Mosley filed motions for change of venue, discovery, and to suppress any statements.", "\nOn September 11, 1989, The Times filed a motion to intervene and to vacate the order sealing the record. ", "The trial court granted the intervention and set a hearing on this motion for September 27, 1989.", "\nAt the hearing on the motion to vacate, the defendants joined the state in orally moving that both the state's and defendants' responses to motions for discovery and inspection be sealed in the interest of justice and defendants' right to a fair trial. ", "Testimonial evidence was not introduced and the hearing consisted solely of arguments by the interested parties. ", "The state argued in favor of sealing the record but believed that an impartial jury could be seated; it urged, nevertheless, that the newspaper publicity (specifically The Times's August 18 story reporting the defendants' confessions) \"did not help the process.\" ", "Both defense counsel agreed with the state's argument that the intense publicity hindered the prospect of selecting an impartial jury. ", "The court also expressed displeasure with the August 18 article, calling it irresponsible, but acknowledged that there were alternatives to sealing the record, such as sequestration of the jury panel, individualized voir dire and continuance. ", "The court also mentioned change of venue, but commented this was an expensive remedy for the state to bear. ", "The court proceeded, without making specific factual findings, to amend its prior order of total sealing and ordered that only the portion of the record containing the answers to motions for discovery and inspection, with attachments, be sealed.", "\nThe Times applied for exercise of our supervisory jurisdiction contending that the trial court erred in determining that the defendants' rights to a fair trial would be prejudiced by public access to discovery responses, in failing to employ less restrictive means of protecting against the perceived harm, and in determining that denying public and media access to the discovery responses would be an effective method of achieving the desired result. ", "We granted the writ and ordered the parties to brief the issues involved. ", "Subsequently, after learning the case had been fixed for trial on January 29, 1990, The Times moved for an expedited hearing. ", "We denied that particular request but ordered that the matter be submitted without oral argument as of January 2, 1990. ", "The Times filed its brief, the defendants filed letters taking no position, and the state has not responded with a brief.", "\nThe public and press have an enforceable qualified constitutional right of access to attend criminal trials and pretrial proceedings. ", "USCA-Const. ", "amend. ", "1; LSA-Const. ", "art. ", "1 § 7; Globe Newspaper Co. v. Superior Court, 457 U.S. 596, 102 S.Ct. ", "2613, 73 L.Ed.2d 248 (1982); Press Enterprise Co. v. Superior Court of California, 478 U.S. 1, 106 S.Ct. ", "2735, 92 L.Ed.2d 1 (1986) (\"Press Enterprise II\"); *190 State v. Eaton, 483 So.2d 651 (La.App. ", "2d Cir. ", "1986); State v. Fletcher, 537 So.2d 805 (La.App. ", "2d Cir.1989); State v. Womack, 551 So.2d 855 (La.App. ", "2d Cir.1989). ", "This right extends to documents filed in connection with the pretrial motions in criminal proceedings. ", "Associated Press v. U.S. District Court, 705 F.2d 1143 (9th Cir.1983); In Re New York Times Co., 828 F.2d 110 (2d Cir.1987), cert. ", "denied 485 U.S. 977, 108 S.Ct. ", "1272, 99 L.Ed.2d 483 (1988); cf. ", "State v. Fletcher, supra; State v. Womack, supra. ", "There is a presumption of openness which may be overcome only by an \"overriding interest\" such as the accused's right to a fair trial. ", "Press Enterprise Co. v. Superior Court, 464 U.S. 501, 104 S.Ct. ", "819, 78 L.Ed.2d 629 (1984) (\"Press Enterprise I\"); State v. Eaton, supra.", "\nIn order to effect closure or sealing of the record in a criminal proceeding, the moving party must show and the trial court must specifically find that there is a reasonable probability that (1) the defendant's right to a fair trial will be prejudiced by publicity; (2) closure would prevent that prejudice; and (3) reasonable alternatives to closure cannot adequately protect the defendant's fair trial rights. ", "Press Enterprise II, supra; State v. Eaton, supra; State v. Fletcher, supra; State v. Womack, supra. ", "It is essential that the trial court support any decision to close with specific reasons and findings on the record in order to facilitate appellate review. ", "Press Enterprise II, supra; In re Charlotte Observer, 882 F.2d 850 (4th Cir.1989). ", "Broad and general findings by the trial court are not sufficient to justify closure. ", "The First Amendment Right of Access cannot be overcome by the conclusory assertion that publicity might deprive the defendant of the right to a fair trial. ", "Press Enterprise II, 478 U.S. at 15, 106 S.Ct. ", "at 2743.", "\nApplying these legal principles to the instant case, we must reverse the decision of the trial court sealing a portion of the record in this proceeding. ", "The record clearly reveals that, at the hearing below, the state did not show and the trial court did not specifically find a substantial probability that the defendants' right to a fair trial would be prejudiced by the contemplated publicity, that sealing a part of the record would prevent that prejudice, and that reasonable alternatives to closure could not adequately protect the defendants' fair trial rights. ", "Such vague, nonspecific and speculative assertions and findings (the article of August 18 is \"irresponsible,\" further publicity \"might deprive\" the defendants of a fair trial, and change of venue is expensive to the state) will not suffice to justify the sealing of a portion of the record in this proceeding.", "\nMoreover, we note that virtually all the material sought to be sealed is, to a great extent, already in the public domain. ", "It has already been published that the defendants confessed to the police that they plotted and killed the victim. ", "Defendants' oral and recorded statements, described in or attached to the state's answers to discovery, have been ruled admissible by the trial court at an open suppression hearing conducted on September 27 and 28, 1989, with the exception of a brief statement made by Widenhouse on August 17, 1989. ", "Under the circumstances, we do not see how \"republication\" of these facts could tip the scales in favor of closure. ", "The state has advanced no argument, and we perceive no rational analysis, based on this record, that would support such an assessment.", "\nThe Times's application has merit. ", "The trial court's order sealing a portion of the record in this matter is reversed. ", "This matter is remanded to the trial court.", "\nWRIT GRANTED AND MADE PEREMPTORY. ", "THE ORDER OF SEALING IS REVERSED.", "\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

[ 0.024390243902439025, 0, 0, 0.021739130434782608, 0, 0.031496062992125984, 0.02702702702702703, 0.02586206896551724, 0.08571428571428572, 0.030303030303030304, 0, 0.08, 0, 0, 0.029411764705882353, 0.10256410256410256, 0, 0.006514657980456026, 0, 0.012658227848101266, 0.019736842105263157, 0.01098901098901099, 0.008902077151335312, 0.005747126436781609, 0.010101010101010102, 0, 0.008, 0.007142857142857143, 0.0078125, 0.009433962264150943, 0, 0, 0, 0.0038022813688212928, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.002207505518763797, 0, 0.007936507936507936, 0, 0.008264462809917356, 0, 0.08333333333333333, 0, 0.07142857142857142, 0, 0.02857142857142857, 0.01904761904761905, 0.010526315789473684, 0, 0.02040816326530612, 0.018518518518518517, 0, 0, 0.022900763358778626, 0, 0, 0.02, 0, 0.046875, 0.0273972602739726, 0, 0.039603960396039604, 0, 0.012048192771084338, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.0033333333333333335, 0, 0, 0.027777777777777776, 0, 0, 0, 0.030303030303030304, 0 ]

[ "[Data collection for quality assurance in neonatology: how do physicians compare to documentation specialists?].", "\nThe quality of data collected for the German nationwide quality assurance program in neonatology is currently unknown. ", "The aim of this study was to compare the quality of data collected by resident physicians with the quality of similar data collected by a dedicated research nurse. ", "Data for the German national quality assurance program in neonatology, derived from a cohort of 128 premature newborns with a birth weight <1500 g and/or a gestational age of <30 weeks born in the year 2003, were collected by residents taking care on these patients, and separately by a dedicated research nurse for the European Neonatal Network (EuroNeoNet). ", "The data set collected for both networks included 44 common data items. ", "The two data sets were compared, and any disagreement was double-checked using the chart of the baby to clarify which of the data entries was wrong. ", "Furthermore, as data items are not equally important, a weighted analysis of all mistakes was performed. ", "We found wrong data in 108/128 (84 %) of the data sets collected by the residents, and in 43/128 (34 %) of the data sets collected by the research nurse (p < 0.001). ", "The weighted analysis revealed that residents made more mistakes in 30/44 of collected data items, whereas the research nurse did worse only in 1/44 data items. ", "This study shows that the quality of data obtained by our resident physicians was worse than the quality of data obtained by our dedicated research nurse." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0.002777777777777778, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Rental Deposit Assistance\n\nDream Homes Community Center (DHCC) involves three programs: a) City of Danbury's Point of Entry for people seeking housing services because they are homeless, at-risk of homelessness or previously homeless and recently housed; b) referrals for people looking for public rental housing; and c) budget...\n\nProvides small loans to cover job-related expenses, transportation, and housing costs. ", "Applicants who are approved for loans will also receive budget and credit counseling. ", "Typical loans are for used car purchases, car repairs, tools for trade, and child care. ", "Security deposits are also provided in ...\n\nJULY 2016: THIS PROGRAM IS TECHNICALLY CLOSED STATEWIDE. ", "THIS IS THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE.Department of Housing (DOH) administers the Security Deposit Guarantee Program (SDGP) for Connecticut residents. ", "The five community agencies accepting applications are Lifebridg...\n\nNorwalk Senior Housing Assistance Fund can provide Norwalk residents, age 60+, a no-interest loan to pay security deposits, first or last months' rent, or moving expenses when moving into a new apartment in Norwalk...." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.006802721088435374, 0.003484320557491289 ]

[ "The effects of centrifugation on the morphology of the lateral vestibular nucleus in the rat: a light and electron microscopic study.", "\nVery little is known about structural changes in the central nervous system following exposure to increased g forces. ", "Sprague-Dawley rats were centrifuged at Ames Research Center at 2.76-4.15 x g for periods ranging from 4 days to 21 months. ", "The lateral vestibular nuclei were processed for electron microscopy and examined for evidence of structural alteration as a result of centrifugation. ", "The number of filamentous nuclear inclusions, varicosities, and relative number of axosomatic synaptic terminals containing flattened vesicles (presumed inhibitory in function) increased in centrifuged rats. ", "Altered mitochondria also were noted in that cell bodies of Deiters' neurons. ", "Neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) was found in long-term centrifuged rats and was characterized by axons filled with reticulated mitochondria. ", "The NAD found in the lateral vestibular nuclei of centrifuged rats is different from that seen in the dorsal column nuclei of aged mice." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

[ 0, 0, 0.016129032258064516, 0, 0, 0.01282051282051282, 0.0072992700729927005, 0.007352941176470588 ]

[ "1. ", "Field of the Invention\nThe present invention relates to ashtrays, and more particularly pertains to an improved smokeless ashtray system including a vacuum and filtration system for removing smoke from indoor room environments frequented by cigar and cigarette smokers such as restaurants, casinos, lounges, and bars.", "\n2. ", "Description of the Prior Art\nA variety of vacuum and filtration systems have been proposed by the prior art in attempts to address the problems and potential health affects associated with smoking and resulting residues. ", "Such systems have suffered from several disadvantages including difficult, tedious, and frequent maintenance, high initial cost and high maintenance costs, difficulty in installation, and incompatibility with existing structures. ", "In casino applications, the prior art includes the provision of simple stainless steel cup-shaped ashtrays removeably inserted into holes provided in card gaming tables, in conjunction with screen assemblies removeably disposed in the ashtrays.", "\nMany individuals find smoke-filled environments distasteful, and many governmental authorities have already taken steps to ban or order the creation of non-smoking sections in public and private establishments." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]