Patent Application: US-28106607-A

Abstract:
the invention enables management of mammalian disease related to decreased energy production in the mitochondria , the powerhouse of the cell . the invention uses the combination of liposomal reduced glutathione and l - arginine to increase the ability weight loss in individuals with excess weight . the mechanism of weight loss appears to be related to improving the inefficient production of energy by the respiratory transport chain of mitochondria , the function of which are influenced positively by the availability of antioxidant nitric oxide in a non - oxidized environment . this invention enables weight loss in individuals who &# 39 ; s inability to lose weight is related to inefficiency of the biochemical pathways facilitating mitochondrial function and energy production . the pathways related to inability to lose weight are also related to the phenomenon of the inability to metabolize fats , which results in insulin resistance and diabetes . the invention is useful for the management of the metabolic syndrome . the metabolic syndrome is actually a group of metabolic factors associated with an increased risk of vascular disease problems . the invention is also useful for the resolution of fatigue that accompanies both weight gain and illnesses . the ability of the invention to increase the production of the biochemical agmatine in the central nervous system as well generally in the body is part of the benefit of the combination of liposomal reduced glutathione and l - arginine . in addition , the biochemical pathways stimulated by this invention can have a beneficial effect in individuals suffering from a variety of infectious diseases .

Description:
a lipid mixture having components lecithin , and glycerin were commingled in a large volume flask and set aside for compounding . in a separate beaker , a water mixture having water , glycerin , glutathione were mixed and heated to 50 . degree . c . the water mixture was added to the lipid mixture while vigorously mixing with a high speed , high shear homogenizing mixer at 750 - 1500 rpm for 30 minutes . the homogenizer was stopped and the solution was placed on a magnetic stirring plate , covered with parafilm and mixed with a magnetic stir bar until cooled to room temperature . normally , a spoilage retardant such as potassium sorbate or bht would be added . the solution would be placed in appropriate dispenser for ingestion as a liquid or administration as a spray . analysis of the preparation under an optical light microscope with polarized light at 400 × magnification confirmed presence of both multilamellar lipid vesicles ( mlv ) and unilamellar lipid vesicles . the preferred embodiment includes the variations of the amount of glutathione to create less concentrated amounts of glutatbione . the methods of manufacture described in keller et al , u . s . pat . no . 5 , 891 , 465 , apr . 6 , 1999 , are incorporated into this description . the preferred liposomal glutathione is available from your energy systems , inc . of palo alto , calif . a lipid mixture having components lecithin , and glycerin were commingled in a large volume flask and set aside for compounding . in a separate beaker , a water mixture having water , glycerin , glutathione were mixed and heated to 50 . degree . c . the water mixture was added to the lipid mixture while vigorously mixing with a high speed , high shear homogenizing mixer at 750 - 1500 rpm for 30 minutes . the homogenizer was stopped and the solution was placed on a magnetic stirring plate , covered with parafilm and mixed with a magnetic stir bar until cooled to room temperature . normally , a spoilage retardant such as potassium sorbate or bht would be added . the solution would be placed in appropriate dispenser for ingestion as a liquid or administration as a spray . analysis of the preparation under an optical light microscope with polarized light at 400 × magnification confirmed presence of both multilamellar lipid vesicles ( mlv ) and unilamellar lipid vesicles . the preferred embodiment includes the variations of the amount of glutathione to create less concentrated amounts of glutathione . the methods of manufacture described in keller et al , u . s . pat . no . 5 , 891 , 465 , apr . 6 , 1999 , are incorporated into this description . components are commingled and liposomes are made using the injection method ( lasic , d ., liposomes , elsevier , 88 - 90 , 1993 ). when liposome mixture cooled down 0 . 7 ml was drawn into a 1 ml insulin syringe and injected into the open - end of a soft gelatin capsule then sealed with tweezers . the resulting one gram capsule contains 450 mg reduced glutathione and 450 mg l - arginine . large scale manufacturing methods for filling gel caps , such as the rotary die process , are the preferred method for commercial applications . the liposomal glutathione for this invention is and was made by biozone laboratories , inc . of pittsburgh , california and sold by your energy systems , inc . of palo alto , calif . embodiment number three of the present invention includes the creation of liposome suspension using a self - forming , thermodynamically stable liposomes formed upon the adding of a diacylglycerol - peg lipid to an aqueous solution when the lipid has appropriate packing parameters and the adding occurs above the melting temperature of the lipid . the method described by keller et al , u . s . pat . no . 6 , 610 , 322 is incorporated into this description . most , if not all , known liposome suspensions are not thermodynamically stable . instead , the liposomes in known suspensions are kinetically trapped into higher energy states by the energy used in their formation . energy may be provided as heat , sonication , extrusion , or homogenization . since every high - energy state tries to lower its free energy , known liposome formulations experience problems with aggregation , fusion , sedimentation and leakage of liposome associated material . a thermodynamically stable liposome formulation which could avoid some of these problems is therefore desirable . the present embodiment teaches liposome suspensions which are thermodynamically stable at the temperature of formation . the formulation of such suspensions is achieved by employing a composition of lipids having several fundamental properties . first , the lipid composition must have packing parameters which allow the formation of liposomes . second , as part of the head group , the lipid should include polyethyleneglycol ( peg ) or any polymer of similar properties which sterically stabilizes the liposomes in suspension . third , the lipid must have a melting temperature which allows it to be in liquid form when mixed with an aqueous solution . by employing lipid compositions having the desired fundamental properties , little or no energy need be added when mixing the lipid and an aqueous solution to form liposomes . when mixed with water , the lipid molecules disperse and self assemble as the system settles into its natural low free energy state . depending on the lipids used , the lowest free energy state may include small unilamellar vesicle ( suv ) liposomes , multilamellar vesicle ( mlv ) liposomes , or a combination of suvs and mlvs . in one aspect , the invention includes a method of preparing liposomes . the method comprises providing an aqueous solution ; providing a lipid solution , where the solution has a packing parameter measurement of p a ( p a references the surface packing parameter ) between about 0 . 84 and 0 . 88 , a p v ( p v references the volume packing parameter ) between about 0 . 88 and 0 . 93 , ( see , d . d . lasic , liposomes , from physics to applications , elsevier , p . 51 1993 ), and where at least one lipid in the solution includes a polyethyleneglycol ( peg ) chain ; and combining the lipid solution and the aqueous solution . the peg chain preferably has a molecular weight between about 300 daltons and 5000 daltons . kinetic energy , such as shaking or vortexing , may be provided to the lipid solution and the aqueous solution . the lipid solution may comprise a single lipid . the lipid may comprise dioleoylglycerol - peg - 12 , either alone or as one of the lipids in a mixture . the method may further comprise providing an active compound , in this case glutathione ( reduced ) and combining the active compound with the lipid solution and the aqueous solution . in the situation where the self forming liposome (“ qusome ” by biozone laboratories , inc . of pittsburgh , california , is used to create a radiopharmaceutical , the radionuclide will first be created with the ligand selected to target a particular tissue . the does would be that for the desired radiopharmaceutical as would be known to a reasonably skilled practitioner . thereafter , the radiopharmaceutical be used as the active substance . the active substance radiopharmaceutical would be combined with the self - forming lipid solution and any desired the aqueous solution . the selected dose would be selected by a dosimeter , and administered . because the liposomes will pass into the digestive tract , the dose may be given orally , but also intravenously , or for certain types of cancers , by injection . additional variations of accomplishing this embodiment are described in keller et al u . s . pat . no . 6 , 610 , 322 . the accumulation of qusome self - forming liposomes in the blood vessel supply to tumors increases the radiation dosing to this area , creating damage to the tumor blood vessels creating an anti - angiogenic effect as well , resulting in a decreased supply of blood to the tumor and leading to death of tumor cells . by using the qusome self - forming liposomes , and the liposomal glutathione alone , or liposomal glutathione and arginine , the tumor is selectively preferred as the target at the same time as normal cells are better protected . the above process , apparatus and resulting composition related to use is adaptable to the stabilization and preservation of virtually all radionuclides whatever the solvent used for initial composition . some preferred applications include stabilization of radiolabeled peptides , [ 18 f ] deoxyglucose , radiolabelled annexin , 99 mtc - annexin , radiolabelled monocyte chemoattractant protein . i . e . 125 - i -( mcp - 1 ), radiolabelled dopamine transporter agents , ( s )- n -( 1 - ethylpyrrolidin - 2 - ylmethyl )- 2 - hydro - xy - 3 - iodo - 6 - methoxybenzamide ( 3 - ibzm ) ( more generally “ bzm ,), ( s )- n -( 1 - ethylpyrrolidin - 2 - ylmethyl )- 2 - hydroxy - 5 - iodo - 6 - methoxybenzamide ( 5 - ibzm ), 1 - 123 - 2 - betacarbomethoxy - 3 - beta ( 4 - iodophenyl ) n -( 3 - fluoro propyl ) nortropane (“ cit ” or “ beta - cit ”) and various tropane derivatives , 1 - 123 fatty acids , particularly for cardiovascular imaging , radiolabelled octreotide or radiolabelled depreotide , hedp ( diagnostic skeletal imaging or treatment of metastatic bone pain ), radiolabelled antibodies , both polyclonal and monoclonal , with selective affinities for tumor - associated antigens diagnosis or in situ radiotherapy of malignant tumors such as melanomas ), and ligands with selective affinity for the hepatobiliary system ( the liver - kidney system ), including 2 , 6 - dimethylacetanilideiminodi - acetic acid and the family of other imidoacetic acid group - containing analogs thereof ( collectively referred to herein as “ hida agents ”), mono -, di - and polyphosphoric acids and their pharmaceutically - acceptable salts including polyphosphates , pyrophosphates , phosphonates , diphosphonates and imidophosphonates . preferred ligands are 1 - hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate , methylene diphosphonate , ( dimethylamino ) methyl diphosphonate , methanehydroxydiphosphonate , and imidodiphosphonate ( for bone - scanning and alleviation of pain ); strontium 89 ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate , samarium 153 - ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate , radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies , 99m - tc hmpao ( hexamethylproplyene amine oxime ), yttrium 90 - labeled ibritumomab tiuxetan ( zevalin . rtm . registered trademark of biogen idcc , inc . ), and meta - iodo - benzyl guanidine . ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate and ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphoric acid and the pharmaceutically related mono -, di - and polyphosphoric acids and their pharmaceutically - acceptable salts including polyphosphates , pyrophosphates , phosphonates , diphosphonates and imidophosphonates are collectively called edtmp . suitable radionuclides which are well - known to those skilled in the art include radioisotopes of copper , technetium - 99m , rhenium - 186 , rhenium - 188 , antimony - 127 , lutetium - 177 , lanthanum - 140 , samarium - 153 , radioisotopes of iodine , indium - 111 , gallium - 67 and - 68 , chromium - 51 , strontium - 89 , radon - 222 , radium - 224 , actinium - 225 , californium - 246 and bismuth - 210 . other suitable radionuclides include f - 18 , c - 11 , y - 90 , co - 55 , zn - 62 , fe - 52 , br - 77 , sr - 89 , zr - 89 , sm - 153 , ho - 166 , and ti - 201 . recommended use in conjunction with radiation therapy or chemotherapy in the dose of radiopharmaceutical selected by a person reasonably skilled in the art is : 1 teaspoon of oral liposomal glutathione reduced + l - arginine contains approximately 440 mg gsh + 500 mg l - arginine . suggested dose depends on body weight . recommended amounts are for daily use . recommended dose for adult is two teaspoons twice a day for a 70 kg person . for adults of 100 kg the dose is 2 teaspoons three times a day . for adults of 150 kg the dose is 2 teaspoons four times a day . determine daily dose by body weight : for use twice a day . also , if a stabilized and lyophilized radiopharmaceutical that is reconstituted at on - site at administration according to the art of wolfangel , u . s . pat . no . 5 , 219 , 556 , jun . 15 , 1993 , or kuperus , u . s . publ . 20050281737 , dec . 22 , 2005 is created , or other art involving a lyophilized radiopharmaceutical , the invention proposes utilizing a self - forming liposome in solution , reconstituting the radiopharmaceutical with the solution with the self - forming liposome , and administering the radiopharmaceutical , now in the self - forming liposome , to the patient . liposomal glutathione may be added to the solution prior to administration . the present invention is proposed in combination with pioglitazone as a combination for raising hdl for the treatment of atherosclerosis . the preferred mode of the invention is the combination of pioglitazone 30 to 45 mg / day and liposomal glutathione 800 mg ( 2 teaspoons ), and 1 - arginine 1 . 0 to 2 . 5 gms twice a day . the present invention is proposed as a method of directly or as an adjunct with chloroquine and aminoisoquinolines pharmacologics in the management and prevention and malaria . additionally , the present invention is proposed in combination with a liposomal encapsulation of an extract of artemisia , such as artesuate , which has been found useful in the management and prevention of malaria 99 . the preferred mode of the combination for malaria in adults is chloroquine 25 mg of salt / kg over 36 - 48 hours or 600 mg base (= 1 , 000 mg salt ) should be given initially , followed by 300 mg base (= 500 mg salt ) at 6 , 24 , and 48 hours after the initial dose for a total chloroquine dose of 1 , 500 mg base (= 2 , 500 mg salt ). simultaneously liposomal glutathione 1200 mg + l - arginine 1000 mg is given every 4 hours for the first 48 hours and then every 6 hours in addition to primaquine 15 mg once a day for fourteen days for 14 days . an additional embodiment of the invention proposes the combination of liposomal glutathione and l - arginine with colloidal silver . the preferred embodiment of this combination is liposomal glutathione 800 mg + arginine 1500 mg plus colloidal silver 32 ppm of silver nano particles 10 cc to be used three times a day for the treatment of acute malarial disease . individuals with chronic and active lyme disease often have fatigue accompanying their symptoms and have been shown to have decreased function of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase and increased markers of oxidative stress 100 and have also been demonstrated to have increased levels of tnf - α 101 . it is proposed that a similar combination of liposomal glutathione 800 mg + arginine 1500 mg plus colloidal silver 32 ppm of silver nano particles 10 cc to be used three times a day for the treatment of acute and chronic lyme disease . the colloidal silver described in this embodiment may be obtained from american biotech laboratories of alpine , utah , usa . the invention is not meant to be limited to the disclosures , including best mode of invention herein , and contemplates all equivalents to the invention and similar embodiments to the invention for humans , mammals and plant science . equivalents include combinations with or without stabilizing agents and adjuncts that assist in reservation , and their pharmacologically active racemic mixtures , diastereomers and enantiomers and their pharmacologically acceptable salts in combination with suitable pharmaceutical carriers . 1 . kelm m , schrader j . control of coronary vascular tone by nitric oxide . circulation research . 1990 ; 66 ( 6 ): 1561 - 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