Patent Application: US-201113522067-A

Abstract:
this invention concerns the first environmentally benign heterogeneous modification of polysaccharide - based material in native solid state by thiol - ene “ click chemistry ”. the direct reaction of a thiol with an un - activated double or triple bond by thiol - ene and thiol - enyne click modification is thermally or photochemically catalyzed and is completely metal - free and allows for a highly modular approach to modifications of fibers and fiber - based materials .

Description:
to a solution of a thiol (( with 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %)) around 30 mg cellulose ( containing terminal olefinic groups ) was added ( see scheme 3 ). then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet extraction . after drying the thiol - ene click modified cellulose was obtained . the cellulose was modified with polyesters , aliphatic and aryl groups . the cellulose was also modified with the amino acid cystein . the cellulose samples derivatized by polyesters or hydrocarbons were analyzed using ft - ir , directly without further sample handling , using a perkin - elmer spectrum one ft - ir spectrophotometer . each sample was subject to 32 averaged scans . fluorescence of benzyl - derivatized cellulose samples were analyzed using a leica fluorescence microscope with an excitation / emission filter cub ( filter cub a ); excitation ( λ ex )= 340 - 380 nm and emission ( λ ex )=& gt ; 425 nm using 10 × objective lens . the present invention will now be described by reference to a number of preferred embodiments illustrated in the following examples . the filter paper ( around 30 mg ) was dipped into a mixture of 9 - decenoic acid ( 1 g ) and ( s )- tartaric acid ( 5 mol %). then the reaction was heated to 110 ° c . and kept for 8 hours . after that , the filter paper was taken out and extracted by soxhlet . after drying the modified filter paper 2 a ( scheme 3 ) was obtained . the filter paper ( around 30 mg ) was dipped into a mixture of hex - 5 - ynoic acid ( 1 g ) and ( s )- tartaric acid ( 5 mol %). then the reaction was heated to 110 ° c . and kept for 8 hours . after that , the filter paper was taken out and extracted by soxhlet . after drying the modified filter paper 2 b was obtained . the filter paper ( around 30 mg ) was dipped into a mixture of 2 -( oct - 7 - enyl ) oxirane ( 1 g ) and ( s )- tartaric acid ( 5 mol %). then the reaction was heated to 110 ° c . and kept for 1 hour . after that , the filter paper was taken out and extracted by soxhlet . after drying the modified filter paper 2 c ( scheme 3 ) was obtained . to a mixture of the 9 - decenoic acid ( 340 mg , 2 mmol ) and octane - 1 - thiol ( 292 mg , 2 mmol ) was added 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %). then the reaction mixture was irradiated with uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . the product was formed as a white solid and checked by 1 h nmr . 10 -( octylthio ) decanoic acid : 1 h nmr ( 400 mhz , cdcl3 ) δ 2 . 51 ( t , j = 6 . 0 hz , 4h ), 2 . 36 ( t , j = 6 . 0 hz , 2h ), 1 . 66 - 1 . 56 ( m , 6h ), 1 . 38 - 1 . 29 ( m , 20h ), 0 . 89 ( t , j = 5 . 6 hz , 3h ); 1 3 c nmr ( 100 mhz , cdcl3 ) δ 180 . 6 , 34 . 2 , 32 . 3 , 32 . 2 , 31 . 9 , 29 . 82 , 29 . 78 , 29 . 4 , 29 . 32 , 29 . 29 , 29 . 13 , 29 . 08 , 29 . 0 , 28 . 5 , 24 . 7 , 22 . 8 , 14 . 2 . to a solution of the benzylthiol with 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 a ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the modified cellulose 4 aa was obtained . the cellulose 4 aa exhibited fluorescence , which is in agreement with the attachment of the benzyl thiol to the cellulose fig1 . fig1 . the fluorescence of 9 - decenoic acid modified cellulose 2 a ( a ), fluorescent - labeled cellulose 4 aa ( b ), and sample 4 aa after deesterification ( naoh ) and subsequent extraction to remove the released molecules ( c ). to a bulk solution of the polymer ( poly ( ε - caprolactone ( pcl )) with a thiol end - group and 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 a ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the polymer - modified cellulose 4 ab was obtained . the cellulose 4 ab was analyzed by ir ( fig2 ). fig2 . ft - ir spectra : the top line is the ir of the modified cellulose 4 ab , the middle one is the ir spectrum of 2 a , the lowest line is the ir of the blank . the ester carbonyl ( c ═ o ) absorbs at 1730 cm − 1 . to a solution of the octane thiol with 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 a ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the modified cellulose 4 ac was obtained . to a solution of the benzylthiol with 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 c ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the modified cellulose was obtained . the cellulose exhibited fluorescence , which is in agreement with the attachment of the benzyl thiol . to a bulk solution of the polymer ( poly ( ε - caprolactone ( pcl )) with a thiol end - group and 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 c ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the polymer - modified cellulose 4 bb was obtained . to a solution of the octane thiol with 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 c ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the modified cellulose 4 bc was obtained . to a bulk solution of the polymer ( poly ( ε - caprolactone ( pcl )) with a thiol end - group and 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 c ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was heated at 80 ° c . for 16 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the polymer - modified cellulose 4 bb was obtained . to a bulk solution of the polymer ( poly ( ε - caprolactone ( pcl )) with a thiol end - group and 2 , 2 - dimethoxy - 2 - phenylacetophenone ( dmpa ) ( 1 wt %) the modified cellulose 2 b ( around 30 mg ) was added . then the reaction was irradiated with a uv lamp ( uv - b bulb , tl20w / 12 , 20 w ) for 1 h . after that , the cellulose was taken out and purified by soxhlet . after drying the polymer - modified cellulose 4 cc was obtained . d . k . klemm , b . heublein , h . p . fink , a . bohn , angew . chem . int . ed . 2005 , 44 , 3358 and references therein . 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