Opinion ID: 814677
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 5

Heading: The Aiding and Abetting Counts

Text: Defendants argue that any conviction for aiding and abetting in the conspiracy counts (counts one through three) should be reversed because aiding and abetting was not charged on those counts in the second superseding UNITED STATES V . XU 41 indictment. Plain error review applies because no objection was made at trial. The aiding and abetting charges, under 18 U.S.C. § 2, applied to counts four through fifteen only. Defendants admit that the jury was instructed on aiding and abetting only for counts four through fifteen. Juries are presumed to follow the instructions given them. See Richardson v. Marsh, 481 U.S. 200, 206 (1987). There is no error here.