Opinion ID: 177567
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: The Role Enhancement.

Text: Lastly, to apply an enhancement under Section 3B1.1(c), the district court must find that the defendant was an organizer, leader, manager, or supervisor in any criminal activity. U.S.S.G. § 3B1.1(c). Each of these four terms is construed broadly. United States v. Adamson, 608 F.3d 1049, 1056 (8th Cir. 2010); United States v. Molina-Perez, 595 F.3d 854, 862 (8th Cir.2010). De Oliveira argues that a role enhancement is unwarranted because the record shows that he was a sub-contractor, engaged in a legitimate business enterprise, who relied on his two crew chiefs to recruit and manage the workers. We disagree because of the underlying facts in this case. As De Oliveira admitted and as the other evidence showed, De Oliveira provided equipment and direction to the workers knowing that they were illegal, which is more than sufficient to establish the factual predicate for this enhancement. Accordingly, the district court is affirmed on this issue.