Opinion ID: 1561405
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Crossover Claims

Text: Floyd next generally contends that to the extent any other matter raised in the postconviction proceeding and the appeal is not cognizable because it should have been raised on direct appeal, he adopts all facts and argument relating to that claim and incorporates these matters into his habeas petition. However, general references to other pleadings are not sufficient to preserve a challenge in a collateral proceeding. See generally Duest v. Dugger, 555 So.2d 849, 852 (Fla. 1990) (Merely making reference to arguments below without further elucidation does not suffice to preserve issues, and these claims are deemed to have been waived.). Moreover, since the claims already raised and discussed in Floyd's postconviction appeal are without merit, raising them again in the habeas petition is unavailing.