Opinion ID: 2599073
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 7

Heading: Factor (d) (extreme mental or emotional disturbance)

Text: Defendant argues that the inclusion of factor (d) (extreme mental or emotional disturbance) in the list of mitigating factors under section 190.3 (and in CALJIC No. 8.85) unconstitutionally precludes the jury from considering mental or emotional disturbance that is less than extreme in mitigation of penalty. We long ago rejected the contention, explaining that factor (k), the so-called catchall provision, is the statutory factor under which `consideration of nonextreme mental or emotional conditions' is clearly permitted. ( Turner, supra, 8 Cal.4th at p. 208, 32 Cal.Rptr.2d 762, 878 P.2d 521; People v. Nicolaus (1991) 54 Cal.3d 551, 586, 286 Cal.Rptr. 628, 817 P.2d 893.)