Opinion ID: 690784
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Defendant Fisher

Text: 8 To make out a cause of action under section 1983, a plaintiff must plead that (1) the defendants acting under color of state law (2) deprived plaintiff of rights secured by the Constitution or federal statutes. Gibson v. United States, 781 F.2d 1334, 1338 (9th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 107 S.Ct. 928 (1987). Actions under section 1983 and Bivens are identical except for the replacement of the state for the federal actor. See Van Strum v. Lawn, 940 F.2d 406, 409 (9th Cir.1991). 9 The Fourth Amendment, applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment, protects individuals against arrests without probable cause, McKenzie v. Lamb, 738 F.2d 1005, 1007 (9th Cir.1984), and against the use of excessive force during arrest procedures, Robins v. Harum, 773 F.2d 1004, 1008 (9th Cir.1985). 10 Here, taking the factual allegations in Stanko's complaint as true, as we must for purposes of Rule 12(b)(6), see Baker, 859 F.2d at 127, we cannot say that the complaint fails to state a civil rights claim, see McKenzie, 738 F.2d at 1007; Robins, 773 F.2d at 1008. Although Stanko originally erroneously labeled his action as one brought under Bivens, the district court should have considered Stanko's amended complaint which properly alleged 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1983 as the jurisdictional basis for his action. See Noll, 809 F.2d at 1448; Van Strum, 940 F.2d at 409. Accordingly, we vacate the district court's dismissal of Stanko's complaint against Fisher and remand for further proceedings.