Opinion ID: 4199980
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Isolation

Text: Isolation enhances safety and prevents unwanted noise by using a transformer to lower voltage without using wires connecting inputs and outputs. A transformer comprises “primary” and “secondary” windings, such as coiled wires. The transformer’s input is connected to the primary winding, which transfers electrical energy to the secondary winding via magnetic fields. The transformer’s output from the secondary winding is a fraction, or multiple, of the transformer’s input determined by the ratio of turns in the respective primary and secondary windings. For example, a transformer with a primary winding that has twice as many turns as the secondary winding will have an output voltage that is half of its input. Isolation circuitry converts the secondary winding’s AC output to DC using rectifiers. The SynQor Patents’ claims all require use of “controlled” rectifiers, which use control signals and circuitry to reverse or prevent the flow of current in one direction. Embodiments of the SynQor Patents’ inventions use a particular type of pre-existing controlled rectifier known as a “synchronous” rectifier, which uses a waveform of current flow across one of the transformer’s windings to control switching circuitry that generates a DC output.