Opinion ID: 3000377
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Aggravating Role Adjustment

Text: Swanson also argues that, because he allegedly acted alone, the district court clearly erred when it increased his guidelines offense level by four based on his role as an “organizer or leader of criminal activity that . . . was otherwise extensive.” U.S.S.G. § 3B1.1(a). But as we have previously held, “any issue that could have been but was not raised on appeal is waived and thus not remanded.” United States v. Husband, 312 F.3d 247, 250-51 (7th Cir. 2002); see also United States v. Morris, 259 F.3d 894, 898 (7th Cir. 2001). In sentencing Swanson the first time, the district court applied this upward adjustment, but Swanson did not challenge its application during his first appeal. In Swanson I we mentioned this adjustment in a footnote, explaining that at resentencing the district court might need to reconsider its application depending on the outcome of Booker. 394 F.3d at 526 n.1. We were con- cerned that the Supreme Court might decide that adjustments such as this must be determined by a jury 10 No. 05-4432 rather than the sentencing court, see id., but that contingency did not come to pass. See Booker, 543 U.S. at 245-46; United States v. White, 472 F.3d 458, 464 (7th Cir. 2006); United States v. Owens, 441 F.3d 486, 490 (7th Cir. 2006). Consequently, the district court did not have to revisit its decision to impose the aggravating role adjustment in Swanson’s case—any factual dispute as to its application was beyond the scope of our remand. In an abundance of caution the district court entertained and rejected defense counsel’s contention that this adjustment is inapplicable because Swanson purportedly acted alone, but we will not similarly indulge Swanson’s argument on appeal. Swanson “cannot use the accident of a remand to raise in a second appeal an issue that he could just as well have raised in the first appeal.” United States v. Parker, 101 F.3d 527, 528 (7th Cir. 1996). Swanson waived this issue by failing to raise it during his first appeal.