Opinion ID: 1351145
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Intent to kill, premeditation and deliberation

Text: Defendant asserts the special circumstance findings must be vacated because the court failed to instruct the jury on intent to kill. We rejected this claim in People v. Anderson (1987) 43 Cal.3d 1104 [240 Cal. Rptr. 585, 742 P.2d 1306], and in People v. Poggi, supra, 45 Cal.3d 306, 326-237, we rejected defendant's related claim that Anderson is not retroactive. (52) We also reject defendant's related assertion that the court erred in failing to instruct sua sponte that the jury must find the killings to be premeditated and deliberate. There is neither statutory nor constitutional support for this asserted requirement. We conclude the special circumstance findings are valid. (53) We also find beyond a reasonable doubt that defendant was the actual killer, and hence the finding required by Enmund v. Florida (1982) 458 U.S. 782 [73 L.Ed.2d 1140, 102 S.Ct. 3368], is satisfied.