Opinion ID: 3064436
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: standard of review

Text: We reject Defendants’ argument that we must apply the abuse of discretion standard of review, which applies only to a district court’s factual finding regarding a forum selection clause’s reasonableness. See Kukje Hwajae Ins. Co. v. The “M/V Hyundai Liberty,” 408 F.3d 1250, 1254 (9th Cir. 2005). Here, the parties concede that the forum selection clause is reasonable. Instead, the dispute turns on which statutory law applies and whether this body of law voids the forum selection clause regardless of its reasonableness. We review these issues of statutory interpretation de novo. See Chateau des Charmes Wines Ltd. v. Sabate USA Inc., 328 F.3d 528, 530 (9th Cir. 2003); Richards v. Lloyd’s of London, 135 F.3d 1289, 1292 (9th Cir. 1998) (en banc).