Opinion ID: 728796
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: jurisdiction

Text: 8 In its order, the district court stated that the Secretary's motion for summary judgment on the issue of the deadline for a final regulation on the coho salmon is GRANTED, and [ONRC's] motion for summary judgment on this issue is DENIED. The district court also retained jurisdiction over part of the case. Because the district court's order did not dispose of all the claims, it is not a final appealable order under section 1291. See Dannenberg v. Software Toolworks, Inc., 16 F.3d 1073, 1074 (9th Cir.1994), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 116 S.Ct. 274, 133 L.Ed.2d 195 (1995); Cheng v. Commissioner, 878 F.2d 306, 309 (9th Cir.1989). 9 Nevertheless, we have followed the Supreme Court's reasoning in Carson v. American Brands, Inc., 450 U.S. 79, 84, 101 S.Ct. 993, 996-97, 67 L.Ed.2d 59 (1981), that an order which itself does not grant or deny injunctive relief is nevertheless appealable under § 1292(a)(1) if it meets the following requirements: 1) the order has the practical effect of entering or refusing to enter an injunction; 2) the order has serious, perhaps irreparable, consequences; and 3) immediate appeal is the only way to challenge the order. See Orange County v. Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Ltd., 52 F.3d 821, 825 (9th Cir.1995); see also Self-Realization Fellowship Church v. Ananda Church of Self-Realization, 59 F.3d 902, 905 (9th Cir.1995) (we have jurisdiction under § 1292(a)(1) to review an order granting partial summary judgment where the order provides the legal authority to issue an injunction.); Tagupa v. East-West Ctr., Inc., 642 F.2d 1127, 1129 (9th Cir.1981) (we look to the effect of the order to determine whether it is appealable under § 1292(a)(1)). All three Carson requirements are met here. 10 ONRC requested that the district court declare that under the ESA the Secretary had 24 months from the filing of the petition to publish the final regulation and that the Secretary must publish the final regulation prior to that deadline. The district court denied the requests and instead declared that under the ESA the Secretary had until July 25, 1996 to publish the final regulation. 11 The first Carson prong is met because the order had the effect of denying injunctive relief. See Self-Realization Fellowship Church, 59 F.3d at 905-06. ONRC's request for injunctive relief was based on its view that the ESA required the Secretary to publish a final regulation by October 1995. When the district court rejected that reading of the ESA, it essentially obviated the need for and denied injunctive relief. In other words, although the district court denominated its decision a grant and denial of summary judgment motions, the substantial effect of the order was to deny ONRC's request that the Secretary be ordered to publish the final regulation regarding coho salmon. See Tagupa, 642 F.2d at 1129. 12 The order also satisfies the second Carson prong. The Secretary has already published a proposed regulation listing coho salmon as threatened in California and Oregon. Because strong conservation measures may not be implemented until a final regulation is published, any delay in the publication of the final regulation would likely have serious consequences on the coho salmon population. 13 Finally, an immediate appeal may be the only effective way to challenge the order. A challenge to the district court's order would have to be completed within a relatively short time before the challenge would become moot. See 16 U.S.C. § 1533(b)(6)(A). In other words, if an appeal were not allowed immediately, it is likely that the order would not be reviewed at all. Because all three Carson requirements are met, we have jurisdiction under § 1292(a)(1). See Self-Realization Fellowship Church, 59 F.3d at 905-06; Tagupa, 642 F.2d at 1129; cf. Orange County, 52 F.3d at 827 (jurisdiction lacking under § 1292(a)(1) because order did not have practical effect of refusing injunction).