Opinion ID: 165698
Heading Depth: 4
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Travel Between Drug Sources and Destinations

Text: 46 The fifth factor invoked by the district court is that Mr. Santos was traveling from a known drug source location (San Francisco Bay Area) to a known drug destination (New York City). Op. at 15. Even the government acknowledges that this factor is weak. If travel between two of this country's largest population centers is a ground on which reasonable suspicion may be predicated, it is difficult to imagine an activity incapable of justifying police suspicion and an accompanying investigative detention. Our holding that suspicious travel plans can form an element of reasonable suspicion should not be taken as an invitation to find travel suspicious per se. See United States v. Beck, 140 F.3d 1129, 1138 n. 3 (8th Cir.1998) (collecting cases in which law enforcement has declared nearly every large urban area to be a drug source city), cited in Williams, 271 F.3d at 1270.