Opinion ID: 1934583
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Other Evidence of Burglary.

Text: We consider all the evidence in the case and uphold a conviction if there is substantial evidence in the record to support it. In considering all the evidence presented in the case, we find the jury could have found Pace committed burglary beyond a reasonable doubt when he pushed in on the wooden door of the house after Myers retreated into the house and struggled to close the door. The house clearly met the definition of an occupied structure. Moreover, entry includes breaking of the plane of the threshold of a house. State v. Perry, 165 Iowa 215, 218, 145 N.W. 56, 58 (1914); see also State v. Wise, 25 Cal.App.4th 339, 345, 30 Cal. Rptr.2d 413 (1994) (discussing the boundary approach wherein entry into the interior airspace of the building which separates it from the outdoors is sufficient for burglarious entry). Furthermore, all the surrounding circumstances clearly support a finding that Pace had no right, license, or privilege to enter the house and possessed an intent to commit an assault in the house. All of the definitional elements of burglary were satisfied when Pace pushed on the wooden door to the house. The remaining question is whether Pace also committed first-degree burglary.