Opinion ID: 813680
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: standard of review

Text: We review a district court’s affirmance of a bankruptcy court’s decision by applying the same standard of review that the district court applied. In re Martinez, 564 F.3d 719, 725-26 (5th Cir. 2009). Accordingly, questions of fact are reviewed for clear error and conclusions of law are reviewed de novo. Id. at 726. Mixed questions of law and fact are reviewed de novo. In re McLain, 516 F.3d 301, 307 (5th Cir. 2008). We review a bankruptcy court’s decision on direct appeal under the same standards. By contrast, “[w]e review a denial of declaratory or injunctive relief for abuse of discretion.” In re Schimmelpenninck, 183 F.3d 347, 353 (5th Cir. 1999). A court’s decision to grant comity is also reviewed for abuse of discretion. Int’l Transactions, Ltd. v. Embotelladora Agral Regiomontana, SA de CV, 347 F.3d 589, 593 (5th Cir. 2003) (applying abuse of discretion standard to review district court’s grant of comity to Mexican bankruptcy court’s ex parte order); see also In re Qimonda AG Bankr. Litig., 433 B.R. 547, 556 (E.D. Va. 2010).