Opinion ID: 1974573
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Burden of Proof Restrictive Covenants' Existence

Text: There are two general methods of establishing the operative existence of a restrictive covenant. The first is by explicit written language of the intent of the grantor and the grantee to create a restrictive covenant in the deed of conveyance or another recorded document, e.g., a declaration of restrictions. Jackson v. Richards, Del.Ch., 26 Del.Ch. 260, 27 A.2d 857, 860 (1942). The second is by implication and is usually ascertained from a common plan of development. Id. This Court has recognized the well-settled legal policy which favors the free use of land. Gammons v. Kennett Park Development Corporation, Del.Supr., 30 Del.Ch. 525, 61 A.2d 391, 397 (1948). Accordingly, the burden of establishing the existence of and the right to benefit from a restrictive covenant is placed upon the person who asserts its protection. Id. Therefore, in this case, Krapf was required to prove that the use of the Quarry Parcel had been restricted to private, single or semi-detached, residential dwellings.