Opinion ID: 77845
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 6

Heading: The Violation Was Willful.

Text: Straub argues that he did not willfully violate the order because the order was ambiguous. Willfulness means a deliberate or intended violation, as distinguished from an accidental, inadvertent, or negligent violation of an order. United States v. Baldwin, 770 F.2d 1550, 1558 (11th Cir.1985) (quoting Falstaff Brewing Corp. v. Miller Brewing Co., 702 F.2d 770, 782 (9th Cir.1983)) (internal quotation marks omitted). Straub's argument fails. When we view the evidence in the light most favorable to the government, we conclude that Straub's behavior was not the product of reasonable confusion or misunderstanding. While Straub stood at the launching facility, Retto warned Straub several times that he would be arrested if he did not leave the premises, and Retto read to Straub the relevant portion of the order of April 15. Straub even went inside the Broward Yachts building to leave his personal effects after Retto informed him that if he was arrested he could not bring personal property with him. After Straub returned, Retto advised Straub that he could wait in the parking lot, but Straub still refused to leave. This evidence was more than sufficient to support a finding that Straub violated the order willfully.