Opinion ID: 3064537
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: conclusion

Text: We conclude that the Concession agreements of both the Ports will likely be found to be preempted in whole or in part. The Port of Los Angeles Concession agreement does overreach considerably more than does the Port of Long Beach Concession agreement. However, each is likely to result in at least some irreparable harm to the motor carriers, and, on balance, the district court abused its discretion when it denied a preliminary injunction as to significant parts of the agreements. While we have pointed to a number of provisions which may be invalid and cause irreparable harm, we, of jurisdiction to be unenforceable, unlawful, invalid, or subject to an order of temporary or permanent injunction from enforcement, such determination shall only apply to the specific provision and the remainder of this Concession shall continue in full force and effect.” AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOC. v. LOS ANGELES 3595 course, leave it to the district court to decide the validity of each of those in the first instance and to decide the separability of each from the remainder of each Concession agreement. However, we do note that the Los Angeles Port’s independent contractor phase-out provision is highly likely to be found preempted and enjoined. We reverse the district court’s decision as to the Concession agreements, and remand for further consideration of the specific terms of each agreement and for the issuance of an appropriate preliminary injunction. The district court shall proceed as quickly as possible so that ATA will not suffer unnecessary harm from any unconstitutional provisions. REVERSED and REMANDED. No petition for rehearing will be entertained and the mandate shall issue forthwith.