Opinion ID: 165956
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: jurisdiction

Text: The indictment and record clearly establish the jurisdiction of the federal district court. Under 18 U.S.C. § 3231, “[t]he district court of the United States shall have original jurisdiction, exclusive of the courts of the States, of all offenses against the laws of the United States.” The District of Kansas is a district court of the United States. See 28 U.S.C. § 96. Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution gives Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce and the conspiracy and firearms statutes at issue are constitutionally permissible exercises of its authority under the Commerce Clause. See United States v. Nguyen, 155 F.3d 1219, 1226-27 (10th Cir. 1998) (upholding “Congress’ exercise of its Commerce Clause power in enacted 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)”); United States -3- v. Bolton, 68 F.3d 396, 398 (10th Cir. 1995) (concluding that 18 U.S.C. § 1951 “represents a permissible exercise of the authority granted to Congress under the Commerce Clause”).