Opinion ID: 310065
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Twice-Told Tales

Text: 6 In Montford v. United States, 200 F.2d 759, 760 (5th Cir. 1952), this court laid down the rules governing the sufficiency of evidence in cases where, as here, testimony is introduced to prove the defendant's connection with a conspiracy by hearsay statements and declarations of persons named as his co-conspirators but not otherwise proven to be such: 7 The declarations of one conspirator made in furtherance of the objects of the conspiracy, and during its existence, are admissible against all members of the conspiracy. Logan v. United States, 144 U.S. 263, 12 S.Ct. 617, 36 L.Ed. 429. But a defendant's connection with a conspiracy can not be established by the extrajudicial declarations of a co-conspirator, made out of the presence of the defendant. There must be proof aliunde of the existence of the conspiracy, and of the defendant's connection with it, before such statements become admissible as against a defendant not present when they were made. Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60, 74, 62 S.Ct. 457, 86 L.Ed. 680, 701 . . . . 8 In testing the sufficiency of the evidence to support Apollo's conviction, we must therefore disregard the extensive testimony which recited Cocroft's statements to his fellow conspirators implicating Apollo as the retail outlet for The Company's marijuana. See Panci v. United States, 256 F.2d 308 (5th Cir. 1958).