Opinion ID: 3050323
Heading Depth: 5
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Nexus between the speech and secondary effects

Text: Fantasyland next suggests that the County failed to show a nexus between the peep show booths and its interest in curtailing sexual activity. [5] When enacting the open-booth requirement, the County Board of Supervisors referenced anecdotal reports of sexual activity occurring within peep show booths of other jurisdictions. The County also incorporated the findings from Spokane Arcade, 75 F.3d at 664-65, and Deluxe Theater & Bookstore, 221 Cal. Rptr. at 102, where municipalities enacted open-booth ordinances in response to drug use and sexual conduct by booth patrons. Reliance on the experiences of other jurisdictions is sufficient to satisfy the County’s minimal burden at the legislative stage. See Renton, 475 U.S. at 50-52. FANTASYLAND VIDEO v. COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO 13999 To avoid summary judgment, Fantasyland must produce contrary evidence that casts direct doubt on the County’s conclusions. It offered the lone declaration of John M. Goldenring, a medical doctor and public health expert. In his declaration, Dr. Goldenring stated that infection from sexually transmitted diseases could only occur through sexual contact, and not through seminal fluid left on the surfaces of the peep show booths. [6] The district court correctly found that Dr. Goldenring’s declaration was insufficient as a matter of law. See Fantasyland, 373 F. Supp. 2d at 1114-15. The County did not adopt the open-booth requirement to curtail the transmission of disease through bodily fluids left in the booths. Rather, it enacted the requirement to reduce the instances of sexual activity, solicitation, and pandering occurring within those spaces. Nothing in Dr. Goldenring’s declaration challenges the County’s evidentiary conclusions regarding the prevalence of those activities.4