Opinion ID: 2673094
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 5

Heading: The Order of Restitution as to Smith

Text: In its initial judgment of sentence, the District Court ordered Smith to pay restitution in the amount of $68,452. This amount reflected losses incurred by Commerce Bank and Wachovia Bank. Although Smith’s pre-sentence report identified a $9,000 loss to M&T Bank, as well, the Probation Department took no position as to whether Smith should be held responsible for that amount or for any loss to PNC Bank. 21 (Smith PSR ¶¶ 68, 170.) Those losses were certainly attributable to the activities of the conspiracy, but Smith had been acquitted of the substantive fraud counts relating to those institutions. At sentencing, the District Court did not hold Smith responsible for the losses to M&T Bank or PNC Bank, and neither Smith nor the government appealed that ruling. During Smith’s resentencing, however, the District Court, at the parties’ urging, revisited the matter of his restitution. The government argued that Smith should be held jointly and severally liable for repaying the $9,000 loss incurred by M&T Bank because it was a reasonably foreseeable consequence of and attributable to the conspiracy of which he was a member. Smith maintained that his order of restitution should be reduced to $0. He argued that his acquittal on the substantive count relating to M&T Bank precluded any responsibility as to him for the loss realized by that institution, and that he should not be ordered to pay restitution to the other banks because they failed to submit loss reports to the Probation Department. The District Court agreed with the government, and increased the amount of Smith’s restitution by $9,000 to $77,452. On this appeal, Smith again contends that his restitutionary obligation should be extinguished; however, the government has altered its position. It now contends that the initial order of restitution in the amount of $68,452 should be reinstated, and concedes that the District Court exceeded the scope of our remand by reconsidering that issue. We exercise plenary review as to whether the District Court properly interpreted and applied our mandate. Kilbarr Corp. v. Bus. Sys. Inc., B.V., 990 F.2d 83, 87-88 (3d Cir. 1993). The government is correct. The District Court exceeded the scope of our mandate when it revisited its initial order of restitution against Smith, although in so doing it was clearly doing what counsel had asked it to do. Our mandate identified only two sentence-related issues for the District Court to reconsider on remand: (1) the determination of the number of victims for purposes of a particular Guideline enhancement and (2) the calculation of Smith’s criminal 22 history category. Norman, 465 F. App’x at 126-27; Judgment, United States v. Norman, 465 F. App’x 110 (3d Cir. 2012) (No. 08-3969). At no point did we authorize the parties to reargue or the District Court to revisit its ruling on the amount of restitution ordered against Smith. That aside, the parties waived any argument that the amount of restitution as to Smith should be different. A party may not litigate on remand or subsequent appeal issues that “were not raised in [the] party’s prior appeal and that were not explicitly or implicitly remanded for further proceedings.” Skretvedt v. E.I. DuPont De Nemours, 372 F.3d 193, 203 (3d Cir. 2004). We will, therefore, vacate the revised restitution order as to Smith and remand for the District Court to reinstate its initial order in the amount of $68,452.