Opinion ID: 60529
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Miscellaneous Business Records

Text: The documents at issue are GX 115-1A– (a copy of the outside cover of a MIIT file concerning investor Jack Overmire), GXs 112G, 115-1-G– (exhibits containing investor correspondence), and GX 35– (past-due MIIT notes pertaining to several investors). According to Wey’s testimony, these and a series of other MIIT documents had been created and maintained by the defendants in the ordinary course of their business. Thus because “a trial judge has broad discretion to determine the admissibility of [business record] evidence[,]” the court properly admitted these documents as business records pursuant to Fed. R. Evid. 803(6). U.S. v. Bueno-Sierra, 99 F.3d 375, 378 (11th Cir. 1996). These business records do not violate the Confrontation Clause because none of them are testimonial.3