Opinion ID: 1201386
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 12

Heading: robbery instruction

Text: Henry contends the court erred in failing to instruct that robbery requires the co-existence of an intent to steal and the use of force. He also argues, without support, that the jury should have been told it could not find him guilty as an accomplice to robbery if his participation in any of the elements of that crime occurred after the victim's death. At trial, Henry did not object to the instructions on this basis. The issue, therefore, is precluded absent fundamental error. State v. Schrock, 149 Ariz. 433, 440, 719 P.2d 1049, 1056 (1986). The record presents no such error. The jury was instructed on armed robbery as follows: The crime of Armed Robbery has six elements. In order to determine that the Defendant committed the crime of Armed Robbery, you must find that: ... number five, the Defendant threatened or used force with the intent either to coerce the surrender of the property or to prevent resistance to his taking or retaining the property; .... The court also instructed as to robbery, the lesser included offense of which Henry was ultimately convicted. Element number five, common to both crimes, adequately informed the jurors of the co-existence requirement. Moreover, we have found sufficient evidence to support his robbery conviction as a principal. Henry was not denied a fair trial on this basis. Schrock, 149 Ariz. at 440, 719 P.2d at 1056 (absent objection to instruction, case should be reversed only when instructions as a whole mislead jury).