Opinion ID: 4549553
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Recordings Made by Planted Devices 44

Text: II. The State Secrets Privilege and FISA Preemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 A. The State Secrets Privilege . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 B. The District Court’s Dismissal of the Search Claims Based on the State Secrets Privilege . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 FAZAGA V. WALLS 15 C. FISA Displacement of the State Secrets Privilege . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 D. Applicability of FISA’s § 1806(f) Procedures to Affirmative Legal Challenges to Electronic Surveillance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 E. Aggrieved Persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 III. Search Claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 A. Fourth Amendment Injunctive Relief Claim Against the Official-Capacity Defendants . . . 77 B. Fourth Amendment Bivens Claim Against the Agent Defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 IV. Religion Claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A. First Amendment and Fifth Amendment Injunctive Relief Claims Against the Official- Capacity Defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 B. First Amendment and Fifth Amendment Bivens Claims Against the Agent Defendants . . . . . . 84 C. 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) Claims Against the Agent Defendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89