Opinion ID: 796140
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Drug-quantity instruction

Text: 104 Defendants Caver and Cloud object to the district court's instruction that [a] defendant found guilty of conspiracy is accountable for all quantities of drugs for which he was directly involved, and all reasonably foreseeable quantities. 15 J.A. at 1916. Because Defendants failed to object to this instruction at trial, we will reverse only for plain error. Thomas, 11 F.3d at 630. Jury instructions do not rise to the level of plain error unless there is a finding that, taken as a whole, the jury instructions were so clearly erroneous as to likely produce a grave miscarriage of justice. Newsom, 452 F.3d at 605. 105 Defendants argue that the jury was provided with no standards as to what constituted being directly involved or what quantities of drugs were reasonably foreseeable. These arguments lack merit. Directly involved and reasonably foreseeable are common sense terms, requiring no elaboration. The district court's instructions were not erroneous, and they certainly did not rise to the level of plain error.