Opinion ID: 444031
Heading Depth: 5
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Probable Cause as to the House

Text: 48 Roberts asserts that even if probable cause was established as to the garage, it was not established as to the house. Citing United States v. Hinton, 219 F.2d 324, 325-26 (7th Cir.1955), for the proposition that there must be probable cause for each unit searched, he argues that the warrant was overbroad and the district court should have excluded the items seized in the house as the fruit of an illegal search. 49 This argument fails for two reasons. First, we find that the information in Moriarty's affidavit does support probable cause to search the house. Randy Fries said that the operation was in his brother's place, not merely in his garage. In addition, the conduct of the occupant--refusing to open the door, denying that it was 196th Ave., and peering out from behind a drawn curtain--might suggest that he was hiding something in the house. We give the magistrate's determination of probable cause great deference and uphold his authorization to search the house. 50 Second, we note that the holding of Hinton is limited to separate occupancy units. If the defendant uses the whole building as a single unit or is in control of the entire premises, the entire premises are suspect. See our discussion of Hinton in United States v. Whitney, 633 F.2d 902, 907 & n. 3 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 1004, 101 S.Ct. 1717, 68 L.Ed.2d 208 (1981); see also U.S. v. Whitten, 706 F.2d 1000, 1008 (9th Cir.1983), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 104 S.Ct. 1593, 80 L.Ed.2d 125 (1984). There was every indication here that Roberts was using the garage and house as a single unit. Therefore, the search of both was not overbroad and the district court properly admitted evidence obtained from the house.