Opinion ID: 483878
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: facts

Text: 3 The parties stipulated the facts. The stipulation can be summarized as follows: 4 Patterson and three others were arrested in Tijuana, Mexico, on December 16, 1983, in connection with an attempt by Patterson to pass a counterfeit twenty dollar bill at a local store. Patterson was taken to the Federal Police Station in Tijuana. When he refused to make any incriminating statements, he was bound and beaten by the Mexican police. Patterson was hit on his back, sides, stomach, face, and testicles. After forty-five minutes to an hour of intermittent beating, Patterson involuntarily confessed his role in a counterfeiting scheme. 5 The Mexican police then contacted United States Secret Service Agent Steven Davis. Approximately three hours later, Agent Davis interviewed Patterson, who was still in the custody of the Mexican authorities. Davis did not advise Patterson of his Miranda rights because (1) he was unaware that he was required to do so in a foreign country and (2) he knew Patterson was being prosecuted by the Mexican authorities and he was interested in collecting evidence about Patterson's co-conspirators in the United States. 6 In the presence of the Mexican Federal Police, Patterson voluntarily provided Davis with a detailed account of the counterfeiting operation. Agent Davis was unaware that Patterson had been beaten. 7 In the early morning of December 17, 1983, Agent Davis applied for a search warrant for the printing shop in San Diego identified by Patterson as the location of counterfeiting operation. Davis summarized Patterson's statement in an affidavit in support of the warrant. The warrant was granted by a magistrate. 8 At 8:00 a.m. on the same day, Davis and several other Secret Service agents established surveillance at the front of the printing shop. Another agent pretended to be a friend of Patterson. He contacted one of Patterson's co-conspirators who was present at the shop. After a lengthy conversation, the undercover agent signaled the other agents who then arrested the co-conspirator. The printing shop was searched pursuant to the warrant in question. The search yielded approximately $1,500,000 in counterfeit bills as well as counterfeiting equipment.