Opinion ID: 726760
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Extraterritorial Application of the Fifth Amendment

Text: 25 Alvarez-Machain argues that the district court erred in holding that the Fifth Amendment due process clause does not protect aliens from actions taken by the United States abroad. We find it unnecessary to reach this issue. The issue is precluded because, under the instruction of the Supreme Court, in his criminal prosecution, we have already held that the actions taken by United States government agents or their employees against Alvarez-Machain in Mexico did not violate due process. United States v. Alvarez-Machain, 971 F.2d 310 (9th Cir.1992) (on remand from the United States Supreme Court). There we stated, Alvarez-Machain's main alternative argument is that the circumstances of his kidnapping were so shocking that the abduction constituted a denial of due process. This contention similarly is not supported by the district court's findings. Id. at 311. This adverse finding in the criminal action bars Alvarez-Machain from pressing the issue again in the civil arena. Matthews v. Macanas, 990 F.2d 467 (9th Cir.1993).