Opinion ID: 2509416
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Fortis Is Entitled to Summary Judgment Based on the Intoxication Exclusion.

Text: The superior court granted summary judgment to Fortis because there [was] no genuine issue of material fact that Martina Alurac was (1) violating the law by driving while intoxicated, and (2) that her intoxicated driving was `directly or indirectly' the cause of her death. On the facts presented to the court, a reasonable person would regard Alurac's intoxication as a cause of the accident that lead to her death. This refers to two exclusions found in the Fortis insurance policy. Because we find that summary judgment was proper under the intoxication exclusion, we do not need to address the application of the other exclusions advocated by Fortis. The Accidental Death and Dismemberment Insurance for You section of the policy contains an exclusion which reads: We will not pay benefits if the loss results directly or indirectly from: .... your intoxication; this includes but is not limited to operating a motor vehicle while you are intoxicated. Intoxication and intoxicated mean your blood alcohol level at death or dismemberment exceeds the legal limit for operating a motor vehicle in the jurisdiction in which the loss occurs. The Automobile Accident Benefit section, which provides for a benefit of an additional $25,000, contains a provision which reads: The Exclusions listed under the Accidental Death and Dismemberment Insurance Coverage for You will also apply to the Automobile Accident Benefit. We construe exclusions of coverage narrowly. [7] [W]here a clause in an insurance policy is ambiguous in the sense that it is reasonably susceptible to more than one interpretation, the court accepts that interpretation which most favors the insured. Grants of coverage should be construed broadly `while exclusions are interpreted narrowly....' [8] Morgan argues that it was improper for the superior court to award summary judgment under the intoxication exclusion because Fortis failed to prove that Alurac's death was causally connected to her intoxication as required by the text of the exclusion. Morgan alleges that Fortis must provide that Martina's intoxication was `the' cause  not just `a' cause. This is in direct contradiction to the text of the exclusion, which states that loss must result directly or indirectly from the intoxication. In State v. Arbuckle , this court applied an exclusion preventing coverage for a loss resulting directly or indirectly from illness or disease. [9] The insured died after unloading a truck at work exacerbated his heart condition, causing a fatal heart attack. [10] We held that the exclusion applied even though the unloading of the truck also contributed to the insured's death. It was enough that his disease was at the very least an indirect cause. [11] Because the intoxication exclusion also uses the directly or indirectly language, Fortis is not required to show that intoxication was the only cause of Alurac's death, only that it was a contributing cause. In support of its motion for summary judgment based on the intoxication exclusion, Fortis relies on the medical examiner's finding that Alurac's blood alcohol level at death was 0.247% and on Morgan's assertions in his complaint that Alurac left the bar with her blood alcohol above the legal limit and then drove away in her car. The police report states that [t]he roads were dry and there was no snow or ice on them. The diagram of the accident shows that the road on which Alurac was driving was straight. Considering the fact that the only witness to this accident is deceased, Fortis has presented sufficient circumstantial evidence to show that Alurac's death was directly or indirectly related to her intoxication. This shifts the burden to Morgan to present evidence raising an inference that Alurac's intoxication was not a direct or indirect cause of the accident. Morgan seems mainly to rely on the argument that Fortis has not produced enough evidence to sustain its burden to prove a causal link between the intoxication and the accident by a preponderance of the evidence. Morgan argues that the accident may have been caused by Alurac's taking Tylenol 3 with codeine. In support of this, Morgan presented to the superior court a copy of a prescription written for Alurac on the day before her death for Tylenol 3, which contains codeine. Tylenol with codeine is known to impair a person's ability to drive a car. Morgan argues that the accident could have been caused by the codeine in Alurac's system instead of the alcohol. Fortis replies that the medical examiner's drug screen was negative. Also, Fortis points out that taking Tylenol with codeine and drinking alcohol produces an additional depression of the central nervous system so that the alcohol in her system would still be an indirect cause of the accident. Finally, Fortis argues that taking the drug with alcohol is not taking it as prescribed by a doctor, which would fall under the exclusion for losses directly or indirectly resulting from the use of any drug, unless you use it as prescribed by a doctor. Even assuming that Alurac's doctor did not tell her not to drink while taking the Tylenol with codeine and that she did in fact take the codeine, it would still be unreasonable to conclude that the extremely high level of alcohol in Alurac's system did not at least indirectly cause the accident. The codeine would only make what was already an impaired state even worse. With respect to other possible causes alternative to the intoxication theory, Morgan suggests that it might have been a moose. It might have been slippery roads. It might have been a nefarious black sedan  and indeed, it might even have been intoxication. In any case, this question is not for the Trial Court, but for a jury to decide after hearing all the facts. The problem is that Morgan does not provide us with any of the facts that he claims the jury must hear to decide this causation issue. Mere assertions of fact and unsubstantiated suppositions are not enough to overcome a motion for summary judgment. [12] Morgan is entitled to all reasonable inferences at the summary judgment stage, but without any admissible evidence suggesting an alternative cause for the accident or explaining how a blood alcohol level of 0.247% did not at least indirectly cause Alurac's death, it is not reasonable to infer that the intoxication exclusion does not apply. Consequently, summary judgment to Fortis was proper.
The superior court's award of summary judgment is AFFIRMED.