Opinion ID: 3049421
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Sergeant Schiff

Text: We affirm, however, the district court’s grant of summary judgment to Sergeant Schiff as to all claims against him. We have found supervisorial liability under § 1983 where the supervisor “was personally involved in the constitutional deprivation or a sufficient causal connection exists between the supervisor’s unlawful conduct and the constitutional violation.” Lolli v. County of Orange, 351 F.3d 410, 418 (9th Cir. 2003). Thus, supervisors “can be held liable for: 1) their own culpable action or inaction in the training, supervision, or control of subordinates; 2) their acquiescence in the constitutional deprivation of which a complaint is made; or 3) for conduct that showed a reckless or callous indifference to the rights of 8640 EDGERLY v. CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO others.” Cunningham v. Gates, 229 F.3d 1271, 1292 (9th Cir. 2000). Taking the facts in the light most favorable to Edgerly, Sergeant Schiff was a police supervisor, responsible for the dayto-day operations at the station when he was on duty, who provided only informal training to officers—as Schiff testified at his deposition, when officers asked him questions, he would try to answer them. Schiff also testified, incorrectly, that section 602(l) can involve a very brief trespass, and that he had been involved in making such, likely unconstitutional, arrests with other officers. Schiff further testified that, contrary to the requirements of section 4030, he requires officers to request authorization from him only for full body cavity searches, not for strip searches. These facts, however, do not establish supervisorial liability for Schiff. No reasonable trier of fact could find that Schiff had any personal involvement in the incident, since he was not aware of the arrest or search until after they were completed, when he authorized the Officers to cite and release Edgerly. Nor could a reasonable trier of fact find that a sufficient causal connection existed between Schiff and the Officers’ unconstitutional actions. Schiff was not responsible for station policy; he was required to enforce the rules and regulations set forth by his supervising captain and other higherranking officers. Cf. Redman v. County of San Diego, 942 F.2d 1435, 1446-48 (9th Cir. 1991) (holding, where petitioner alleged that he was sexually assaulted in prison due to a deficient inmate assignment policy, that a reasonable jury could find supervisorial liability based on evidence that the defendant sheriff was responsible for the “ultimate direction of operations at the [prison]”). Nor do the facts suggest that Schiff provided any training to Officers Goff or Conefrey in particular, or that he was responsible for providing formal training to any officers. See Canell v. Lightner, 143 F.3d 1210, 1213 (9th Cir. 1998) (holding that, to establish superviEDGERLY v. CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO 8641 sorial liability for failure to train, a plaintiff must show that the failure “amounted to deliberate indifference”). [19] Accordingly, the district court properly dismissed Edgerly’s § 1983 claims against Schiff. For similar reasons, the court properly dismissed Edgerly’s state law claims against Schiff. Each of these state law claims requires proof of causation and, as discussed, the facts do not establish a sufficient causal connection between Schiff and the Officers’ actions. We therefore affirm the district court’s grant of summary judgment to Schiff.