Opinion ID: 200588
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Residual Claims

Text: 40 Our resolution of Morales's CBA and Title VII claims disposes of his conspiracy claim. A civil conspiracy is a combination of two or more persons to do an unlawful or criminal act or to do a lawful act by unlawful means for an unlawful purpose. Ammlung v. City of Chester, 494 F.2d 811, 814 (3d Cir.1974); see also Maryland Casualty Co. v. Hosmer, 93 F.2d 365, 366 (1st Cir.1937). The only predicate acts cited in the amended complaint that possibly establish a basis for conspiracy liability are 1) APWU's removal of plaintiff as shop steward, 2) USPS's decision to transfer plaintiff out of the Caparra Heights station, and 3) plaintiff's alleged constructive discharge. We have concluded, however, that Morales failed to preserve a right of action for any of these three alleged offenses. Morales's surviving Title VII claims, see supra, implicate only unilateral decisions or policies of USPS that cannot form the gravamen of a civil conspiracy claim. See Ammlung, 494 F.2d at 814. 41 With regard to Morales's emotional distress claim, even assuming the truth of the surviving Title VII allegations, USPS's conduct does not rise to the level of extreme and outrageous, beyond all possible bounds of decency, or utterly intolerable in a civilized community. Santiago-Ramirez v. Sec'y of Dept. of Defense, 62 F.3d 445, 448 (1st Cir.1995). Consequently, plaintiff's intentional infliction of emotional distress claim fails as a matter of law.