Opinion ID: 794768
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Paramedics Westbrook, Patton, Moore and Hill

Text: 39 The evidence raised by the plaintiff with respect to paramedics Westbrook, Patton, Moore and Hill is insufficient to survive summary judgment. Although there is a factual dispute over whether Bowers placed a telephone call to the paramedics, the plaintiff presents no evidence that could allow a jury to determine which of the paramedics—if any—received Bowers's purported telephone call. The paramedics either deny or cannot recall receiving a call from Bowers, and Bowers cannot identify who answered the call, nor is there testimony from anyone else that could allow the jury to make a reasonable inference as to the identity of whomever answered Bowers's alleged telephone call. Thus, although there is an evidentiary conflict over whether Bowers placed a telephone call, there is simply an evidentiary vacuum pertaining to the identity of the paramedic. And when the evidence provides for only speculation or guessing, summary judgment is appropriate. See Hedberg v. Indiana Bell Telephone Co., Inc., 47 F.3d 928, 931-32 (7th Cir.1995) (holding that evidence leading only to speculation cannot be a defense to summary judgment); Morfin v. City of East Chicago, 349 F.3d 989, 1002 (7th Cir.2003) (same).