Opinion ID: 2974628
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Younger’s abstention exceptions

Text: Abstention is appropriate, then, unless Judge Squire “can show that one of the exceptions to Younger applies, such as bad faith, harassment, or flagrant unconstitutionality.” Fieger, 74 F.3d at 750. Judge Squire has made no such showing. The district court therefore correctly concluded that Younger abstention was appropriate and that it could not grant the requested injunctive relief. See Sun Ref. & Mktg. Co., 921 F.2d at 639 (holding that “when a case is properly within the Younger category of cases, there is no discretion on the part of the federal court to grant injunctive relief”) (citation and quotation marks omitted). See also Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(h)(3) (“Whenever it appears by suggestion of the parties or otherwise that the court lacks jurisdiction of the subject matter, the court shall dismiss the action.”).