Opinion ID: 2834382
Heading Depth: 4
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: the defendant is criminally responsible as a party to the criminal act under the provisions of Chapter 7, Penal Code;

Text: (3) the criminal act occurred at a location where, at the time of the criminal act, the defendant was maintaining a common nuisance under the provisions of Chapter 125, Civil Practice and Remedies Code, and had not made reasonable attempts to abate the nuisance; or (4) the criminal act resulted from the defendant’s intentional or knowing violation of a statutory duty under Subchapter D, Chapter 92, Property Code, and the criminal act occurred after the statutory deadline for compliance with that duty. Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code § 41.005(a)–(b). Even when the actor is the defendant’s employee, the defendant is not liable for exemplary damages unless: (1) the principal authorized the doing and the manner of the act; (2) the agent was unfit and the principal acted with malice in employing or retaining him;