Opinion ID: 519994
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Winter Removal Efficiencies

Text: 180 Goodyear also argues that the EPA was required to establish a separate subcategory for plants that could not achieve the BPT limitations due to cold-temperature effects. As we held above, however, the record supports the EPA's conclusion that cold temperatures alone did not have a significant effect on plants' abilities to meet the BPT limitations. Thus, the EPA could reasonably conclude that the effects of temperature on treatment effectiveness did not provide a basis for subcategorization. Goodyear contends that the EPA did not have sufficient data indicating that technology was available to overcome the effects of temperature. The EPA, however, did identify numerous practices that were used successfully by OCPSF plants to improve their winter performance. 129 The EPA is not required to analyze all possible causes of each plant's non-compliance with BPT and to recommend design and operating practices for each plant. 130 The EPA concluded reasonably that the limitations could be met during all seasons and identified several means of doing so. 181 Finally, Goodyear argues that the EPA failed to consider whether the technology required to overcome the effects of temperature is cost-effective. The EPA is required by statute to consider costs in relation to benefits only for categories or subcategories of plants, not for individual plants. 131 As we held above, the EPA was not required to create a subcategory consisting of plants that had difficulty complying with the limitations due to temperature effects. There is no record basis for isolating the effect of temperature on treatment effectiveness from the effects of other, more significant, factors. 132 Consequently, as the EPA notes correctly, there is no class of plants for which temperature-related costs can be estimated and assessed against pollutant reduction benefits. 182 We hold, therefore, that the Administrator concluded rationally that the BPT limitations are practicable for all plants in all seasons. 183