Opinion ID: 2804186
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Constitutionality of Iqbal and Twombly

Text: On appeal, Pouyeh argues the standard for determining Federal Rule Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) motions to dismiss set forth by the Supreme Court in Iqbal and Twombly is unconstitutional. The Supreme Court has not overturned either of those decisions; they remain controlling law. See Jaffree v. Wallace, 705 F.2d 1526, 1532 (11th Cir. 1983) (“Federal district courts and circuit 11 Case: 14-13704 Date Filed: 05/28/2015 Page: 12 of 23 courts are bound to adhere to the controlling decisions of the United States Supreme Court.”). Pouyeh’s constitutional challenge to Iqbal and Twombly is meritless.