Opinion ID: 71035
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Right to hire, fire, or modify employment conditions

Text: 43 The third indicator of joint employment is the growers' right, directly or indirectly, to hire, fire, or modify the employment conditions of the workers. 29 C.F.R. § 500.20(h)(4)(ii)(D). In this case, the evidence indicates that the growers had the power to veto Turke's hiring decisions and to modify employment conditions such as the hours the pickers worked. For example, the growers themselves monitored the workers' job qualifications rather than relying on Turke to do so when they stopped work until they could verify compliance with the new immigration laws. 44 Additionally, as discussed above, the growers dictated the workers' hours, a condition of employment, by deciding when the work was to begin, by forcing the pickers to stop picking when prices were bad, and, during the '86-'87 season, by sending their own tomato-picking crews into fields assigned to the farmworkers, causing them to run out of work by noon. Compare Aimable, 20 F.3d at 442 (finding no dependence where grower never dictated hours employees could work) with Griffin & Brand, 471 F.2d at 237 (finding dependence where business decided daily starting times). 45