Opinion ID: 1130099
Heading Depth: 4
Heading Rank: 6

Heading: Proportionality Review and Other Safeguards.

Text: Defendant argues that the death penalty scheme violates the Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution and the equal protection clauses of both the federal and state Constitutions because it contains no intercase proportionality requirement. For reasons stated many times before, we reject the claim. ( Pulley v. Harris, supra, 465 U.S. 37, 50-51 [79 L.Ed.2d 29, 40-41]; People v. Webb, supra, 6 Cal.4th 494, 536; People v. Marshall, supra, 50 Cal.3d 907, 945-947; People v. Allen (1986) 42 Cal.3d 1222, 1285-1288 [232 Cal. Rptr. 849, 729 P.2d 115].) It is also settled that the 1978 law provides adequate safeguards against arbitrary and unreliable death judgments even though it does not require (1) written findings as to the aggravating factors supporting a death judgment, (2) proof as to the existence of all such aggravating factors beyond a reasonable doubt, (3) a finding that aggravation outweighs mitigation beyond a reasonable doubt, and (4) a finding that death is the appropriate penalty beyond a reasonable doubt. ( People v. Rodriguez (1986) 42 Cal.3d 730, 777-779 [230 Cal. Rptr. 667, 726 P.2d 113].)