Opinion ID: 1998034
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Objection to admissibility of DNA evidence obtained via the PCR testing method

Text: Williams also contends that the PCR test results themselves should not have been admitted at trial. In Armstead, our most recent case dealing with the admissibility of DNA evidence, we delineated the general principles governing the admissibility of scientific evidence in Maryland courts: [N]ovel scientific evidence may become admissible in one of several ways. First, the evidence may be admitted by statute, if a relevant statute exists. See 5 MCLAIN, MARYLAND EVIDENCE § 401.4(c), at 277-78 (1987). Second, the proponent can prove that the evidence meets the Reed standard of general acceptance in the relevant scientific community. Reed v. State, 283 Md. 374, 381, 391 A.2d 364, 368 (1978)(quoting Frye v. United States, 293 F. 1013, 1014 (D.C.Cir.1923)). 342 Md. at 54, 673 A.2d at 228-29. DNA evidence obtained using RFLP testing is admissible in Maryland pursuant to statute. See Md.Code (1974, 1995 Repl.Vol.), Courts & Judicial Proceedings Art., § 10-915. The statute does not apply to DNA evidence obtained using PCR testing, and this Court has not passed on the question of whether the PCR method meets the Frye-Reed test. Because we reverse Williams's convictions on other grounds, we need not decide whether the PCR method of DNA testing is admissible under the Frye-Reed standard. Further, given the rapidly developing scientific data on the reliability of the PCR method of DNA testing, we believe it might be premature to pass on the question based on the record from the initial Frye-Reed hearing in the instant case, which is more than a year old. Therefore, should the State seek to admit the PCR evidence at Williams's second trial, the trial court should consider conducting a new Frye-Reed hearing on the question of whether PCR testing results are admissible.