Opinion ID: 2113094
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Court's Authority to Order Services Following a Termination of Parental Rights

Text: [¶ 3] The Department contends that the court erred when it required the Department to maintain services for the mother during the pendency of the appeal, including supervised visits with Elizabeth, when it granted the Department's termination petition. According to the Department, a termination order deprives the court of its authority to require the Department to provide services to a parent whose rights have been terminated or to permit that parent to continue to have contact with the child. We review questions of law de novo. [1] In re Scott S., 2001 ME 114, ¶ 10, 775 A.2d 1144, 1148. [¶ 4] A parental termination order severs the relationship between parent and child. 22 M.R.S.A. § 4056 (2004); In re Melanie S., 1998 ME 132, ¶¶ 6-7, 712 A.2d 1036, 1037-38. In Melanie S., the trial court, after terminating the mother's parental rights, ordered the Department to provide regular visitation with the mother until the children were adopted. Id. ¶ 3, 712 A.2d at 1037. The visitation requirement was intended to be part of the court's final judgment, and not simply in effect pending the completion of any appeal that might be taken. We held that [t]he court's attempt to terminate the mother's rights to her children and concomitantly to preserve her relationship with them by requiring the Department to provide for continuing visitation was beyond its authority. Id. ¶ 6, 712 A.2d at 1037-38. Our holding was in part based on the rationale that an order terminating parental rights deprives the court of any authority to impose a condition that preserves contact between the parent and the child. Id. ¶ 7, 712 A.2d at 1038. Melanie S., however, did not address the more narrow issue presented here in which the court provisionally ordered that services, including visitation, be provided pending the completion of any appeals taken from its termination judgment. [¶ 5] Child protection proceedings are generally subject to the Maine Rules of Civil Procedure. 22 M.R.S.A. § 4007(1) (Supp.2004). Rule 62(e) provides that, with certain exceptions, the taking of an appeal from a judgment shall operate as a stay of execution upon the judgment during the pendency of the appeal[.] However, the Comment to Rule 62(e) provides that [o]rders relating to parental rights... are not stayed and may be enforced or modified pending appeal. M.R. Civ. P. 62(a). M.R. Civ. P. 62(e) Comment, M.R. Civ. P. with Advisory Committee Notes and Commentary. [2] Rule 62(a) specifically provides in pertinent part that  [u]nless otherwise ordered by the court, ... an order relating to the care, custody and support of minor children ... shall not be stayed during the period after its entry and until an appeal is taken or during the pendency of an appeal. (Emphasis added.) Here, the court essentially ordered otherwise when it required the Department to provide services, including visitation, pending appeal. [¶ 6] In In re Kristy Y., we held that Rule 62(a) permits continued implementation and processing of child protective orders during the course of an appeal. 2000 ME 98, ¶ 11, 752 A.2d 166, 170. Moreover, we held that [t]he filing of any appeal should not disrupt normal District Court processing and timing for consideration of child protective cases while the appeal is pending in this Court. Id. ¶ 12, 752 A.2d at 170. Kristy Y. supports the proposition that the District Court retains the authority to conduct judicial reviews and enter appropriate orders pursuant to 22 M.R.S.A. §§ 4038, 4038-B (2004 & Supp.2005), and the jurisprudential principle that the District Court should be able to act in a capacity appropriate for parents and children. [¶ 7] Accordingly, the court had the discretionary authority to require the Department to maintain all services currently in place for [the mother], including without limitation the supervised visitations with Elizabeth during the pendency of this appeal. The entry is: Judgment affirmed.