Opinion ID: 2801464
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Post-Indictment Detention

Text: ICE detained Zavala during the period of time after dismissal of the first indictment for improper venue and before the filing of identical criminal charges in the proper venue. This detention occurred from December 11, 2010 through December 21, 2010. Zavala is clearly entitled to sentencing credit for this post-indictment period of ICE detention because it constituted detention pending criminal prosecution. Most important, this time period occurred after the Government instituted criminal charges. Where ICE retains an alien in custody subsequent to an indictment or the filing of criminal charges and the alien is then convicted of those charges, we hold that the intervening period of detention is presumed to be for the purpose of criminal prosecution and the alien is entitled to sentencing credit. The Government does not contend that during the postindictment period ICE held Zavala pending deportation. The record makes clear that all governmental actors involved always intended that the criminal charges against Zavala be reinstated in the proper venue. The language of the Government’s proposed order of dismissal indicated its intention to refile criminal charges in the proper venue, ZAVALA V. IVES 23 expressly identifying that venue, and the refiled charges were supported exclusively by an ICE officer’s affidavit. We thus hold that the district court erred when it denied Zavala sentencing credit for the post-indictment period during which ICE detained him pending criminal prosecution.