Opinion ID: 172312
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: The FBI's jurisdiction

Text: Leifson also argues that the underlying offense should be limited to kidnaping because the FBI's jurisdiction was limited to kidnaping. Leifson cites no authority to support his argument that the underlying offense is limited by the FBI's jurisdiction. To the extent Leifson suggests that he had no notice that the grand jury was investigating murder because he knew that the FBI lacked jurisdiction to investigate murder, we have addressed this argument above. The federal kidnaping statute includes the possibility that the kidnaping might result in death. See 18 U.S.C. § 1201(a) (Whoever unlawfully ... kidnaps... and, if the death of any person results, shall be punished by death or life imprisonment). Further, an individual convicted of federal kidnaping that results in death can receive the same punishment under the sentencing guidelines as would be imposed for murder. U.S.S.G. § 2A4.1(c) (If the victim was killed under circumstances that would constitute murder under 18 U.S.C. § 1111 had such killing taken place within the territorial or maritime jurisdiction of the United States, apply § 2A1.1 (First Degree Murder).). Even if the FBI's jurisdiction somehow only put Leifson on notice that the grand jury investigation concerned Davis's kidnaping, Leifson was necessarily on notice of the possibility of a higher sentence if that kidnaping resulted in death.