Opinion ID: 2581618
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Automated Refuse Collection

Text: In the 1990s, the City proposed an automated refuse collection system (ARCS) in an effort to modernize refuse operations on O'ahu. As a result, on July 1, 1991, the City and UPW entered into a memorandum of agreement (MOA) in which they agreed to test and evaluate the ARCS through a one-year demonstration project, which was to expire on June 30, 1992. Under the MOA, ARCS trucks  each operated by a single employee as opposed to the standard three  would service various areas throughout Leeward Oahu. On May 19, 1993, the project was extended by agreement to expire on June 30, 1994. [5] Because of the concern that use of ARCS trucks might result in layoffs, the parties agreed that there would be no reduction in refuse collection staff as a result of continuing the ARCS project. However, the parties also specified in the MOA that, [s]hould the need for reassignment or transfer of existing staff occur, such reassignment or transfer shall be determined on the basis of seniority. [6] On June 16, 1994, the City and UPW entered into another MOA, converting two routes in the ARCS demonstration project into a permanent operation. This MOA embodied the first phase of the conversion from manual to automated refuse collection. After six subsequent phases, automated refuse collection was fully implemented on Oahu.