Opinion ID: 3064398
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Cruz lived on the Blackfeet Reservation from

Text: the time he was four years old until he was seven or eight. He rented a room in a motel on the reservation shortly before the time of the offense. ties in Ramirez did not dispute that the other evidence presented at trial, when combined with a finding that the individuals were enrolled members, “was sufficient to establish [their] status as ‘Indians’ within the meaning of § 1152.” Id. at 1083. As Bruce itself makes clear, “[t]ribal enrollment is ‘the common evidentiary means of establishing Indian status, but it is not the only means nor is it necessarily determinative’ . . . . [E]nrollment, and indeed, even eligibility therefor, is not dispositive of Indian status.” 394 F.3d at 1224-25 (quoting United States v. Broncheau, 597 F.2d 1260, 1263 (9th Cir. 1979)). Although the parties in Ramirez raised only a limited question, the opinion specifically acknowledges the Bruce test and the four applicable factors that are determinative of its second prong. See Ramirez, 537 F.3d at 1082. Because the dispute on appeal related to the facts underlying only one of the factors, the court had no reason to note the relative weight of the various other factors — specifically, that they are to be considered “in declining order of importance.” Bruce, 394 F.3d at 1224. But cf. Dissenting Op. at 1615. 1606 UNITED STATES v. CRUZ