Opinion ID: 2809234
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: The Pre-Sentence Investigation Report

Text: The pre-sentence investigation report (PSI) set forth the offense conduct described at the plea colloquy and identified 86 individual “victims.” A chart in the PSI provided the following victim information: name, “funds received by Gammage,” funds “paid to client,” and the outstanding funds “owed to client.” According to the “owed to client” column, Gammage owed 60 victims money as of the time of the chart’s compilation. The chart also showed Gammage had fully reimbursed losses to fourteen victims as of the time of its compilation. By adding 6 Case: 13-13605 Date Filed: 06/17/2015 Page: 7 of 14 the amounts listed in the “owed to client” column, the PSI calculated a “Total Loss and Restitution” amount of approximately $2,426,112.97. The PSI assigned Gammage a base offense level of 7, pursuant to the applicable Guideline for Gammage’s crime, U.S.S.G. § 2B1.1(a)(1). The PSI recommended three enhancements: (1) a 16-level enhancement, pursuant to § 2B1.1(b)(1)(I), because the intended loss was more than $1,000,000 but less than $2,500,000; (2) a 4-level enhancement, pursuant to § 2B1.1(b)(2)(B), because the offense involved at least 50 but fewer than 250 victims; and (3) a 2-level enhancement, pursuant to § 2B1.1(b)(10)(C), because the offense involved sophisticated means. With regard to the sophisticated means enhancement, the PSI noted “Gammage forged victims’ checks, commingled funds, and set up different bank accounts to conceal his fraudulent activity.” Gammage also received two additional adjustments: (1) a 2-level upward adjustment, pursuant to § 3B1.3, for abusing a position of trust to facilitate the commission or concealment of the offense; and (2) a 3-level reduction for acceptance of responsibility. With an adjusted offense level of 28 and a criminal history category I, Gammage faced an advisory guideline range of 78-97 months’ imprisonment. 7 Case: 13-13605 Date Filed: 06/17/2015 Page: 8 of 14