Opinion ID: 1985567
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Random Match Probability.

Text: Statistical analysis is important in DNA profiling, but the basis for the average match probability is based upon methods of computation that are readily accepted in the field and have been adopted by the National Academy of Sciences. See Imwinkelried & Kaye, 76 Wash. L.Rev. at 456. Computer programs are used by DNA profilers to make the calculations based on the information they have attained from their analysis, which are accepted and relied upon in the field of DNA profiling. See Shea, 957 F.Supp. at 341. In this case, Harman utilized nine STR loci to arrive at her random match probability of one in 431 billion Caucasians. Although Harman is not a specialist in statistics, she has had significant training and experience in using statistical analysis in DNA profiling. See Mercy Hosp. v. Hansen, Lind & Meyer, P.C., 456 N.W.2d 666, 671 (Iowa 1990) (considering witness' experience and other education, he need not be an accountant to render an expert opinion on the computation of hospital profits); see also 7 Iowa Practice § 702.3, at 522. Furthermore, we find Harman adequately detailed at trial the statistical process used in reaching her conclusion that Belken's genetic profile could be found in only one in 431 billion Caucasians. In explaining how she calculated her conclusions, Harman explained the number of loci tested, the variations per locus, and the alleles frequency. She was also generally familiar with the mathematical and genetic principles which formed the basis for the calculation. Harman was not obligated to explain the specific mathematical computations utilized during the DNA process. See Iowa Rs. Evid. 703 (bases of expert witness' opinion testimony), 705 (expert witness need not disclose underlying data); Mercy Hosp., 456 N.W.2d at 671 (expert witness need not introduce the records reviewed in formulating opinion); see also 7 Iowa Practice § 703.1, at 529, § 705.1, at 555. To the contrary, Belken was responsible for bringing out the underlying data when cross-examining Harman. See Iowa R. Evid. 705; Mercy Hosp., 456 N.W.2d at 672. As the evidence of the DNA match was accompanied by the statistical probability, Harman's expert testimony satisfied the statistical foundation requirements delineated in our prior opinions. See Williams, 574 N.W.2d at 298 (finding error when DNA match evidence not accompanied by statistical probability); Brown, 470 N.W.2d at 32-33 (expert testimony regarding mathematical probability would assist jury in considering DNA evidence). Moreover, any asserted deficiencies in Harman's qualifications and the statistical foundation were considered by the jury in determining what weight to attribute to the expert testimony. See Hunter, 481 N.W.2d at 520; Brown, 470 N.W.2d at 33.