Opinion ID: 770855
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Motion to Suppress Out-of-Court Identification

Text: 15 Next, Galati argues that the district judge should have suppressed the out-of-court identification made by Fudala and Batilo, the bank tellers, because the photo array was unduly suggestive and the identifications were unreliable. Ordinarily, we review a district court's denial of a party's motion to suppress out-of-court identification testimony arising from a photo array for clear error. See United States v. Moore, 115 F.3d 1348, 1359 (7th Cir. 1997). However, the government argues that because Galati failed to renew his motion during or after trial, the court should review the decision for plain error only. When he rendered his decision on Galati's pre-trial motion to suppress, the district judge denied the motion to suppress without prejudice and told Galati to raise it again during the course of the trial. The question is whether the district judge's invitation (rendering his ruling conditional) required Galati to renew his objection during trial or face not preserving the issue for trial. Wilson v. Williams, 182 F.3d 562, 564 (7th Cir. 1999), specifically holds that a definitive ruling in limine preserves an issue for appellate review--without the need for later objection. However, this is just a presumption, subject to variation by the trial judge, who may indicate that further consideration is in order. Id. 16