Opinion ID: 1925383
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Police Seize Riley

Text: The first question to be answered is: when did the police officers seize Riley for purposes of the Fourth Amendment? Under Terry, a seizure occurs `when the officer, by means of physical force or show of authority, has in some way restrained the liberty' of the individual. [18] In California v. Hodari, [19] the United States Supreme Court determined that even when an officer has manifested a `show of authority,' a seizure within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment further `requires either physical force ... or, where that is absent, submission to the assertion of authority. [20] In this case, the State's answering brief acknowledges and we conclude that when police approached the Escort with their badges and flashlights, after having parked their police vehicle behind the Escort so as to prevent it from driving away, a seizure had taken place for purposes of Fourth Amendment analysis. [21]