Opinion ID: 72120
Heading Depth: 4
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Evidence of Importation

Text: Edica argues that because there was no evidence of her participation in the conspiracy and no evidence of her possession of the marijuana, the evidence was insufficient to support her importation conviction. To prove importation, the Government had to establish that: “(1) the defendant played a role in bringing a quantity of a controlled substance into the United States from outside of the country; (2) the defendant knew the substance was controlled; and (3) the defendant knew the substance would enter the United States.” United States v. Moreno, 185 F.3d 465, 471 (5th Cir. 1999); see 21 U.S.C. § 952(a). As addressed above, the evidence shows both her participation in the conspiracy and possession of the marijuana. This same evidence shows that Edica played a role in bringing the marijuana into the United States.