Opinion ID: 1352691
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: The Restraint of Victim Enhancement

Text: The district court granted a two-level upward enhancement under U.S.S.G. § 3A1.3 because Officer Pepe was physically restrained in the course of the offense. Salim I, 287 F.Supp.2d at 310. Salim argues that any restraint of Pepe after he was disabled by the stabbing did not add to the basic crime. We disagree. By pleading to attempted murder, Salim admitted that he stabbed Pepe with murderous intent. Handcuffing a victim and locking him in a cell after a potentially lethal attack prevents a victim from seeking aid and thereby adds to the underlying offense of attempted murder. See United States v. Rosario, 7 F.3d 319, 321 (2d Cir.1993) (finding that restraint facilitated, rather than constituted, the offense of conviction when the victim could do nothing about [his] situation because of the physical restraint (alteration in original) (internal quotation marks omitted)).