Opinion ID: 559043
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Denial of Lupio's Motion for A Separate Trial.

Text: 40 Rulings on a motion for a separate trial are within the discretion of the trial court. Opper v. United States, 348 U.S. 84, 95, 75 S.Ct. 158, 165, 99 L.Ed. 101 (1954); United States v. Smith, 893 F.2d 1573, 1581 (9th Cir.1990). We review to determine whether 'joinder was so prejudicial that the trial judge was compelled to exercise his discretion to sever.'  United States v. Marsh, 894 F.2d 1035, 1040 (9th Cir.1989) (quoting United States v. Lewis, 787 F.2d 1318, 1321, modified on other grounds, 798 F.2d 1250 (9th Cir.1986), cert. denied, 489 U.S. 1032, 109 S.Ct. 1169, 103 L.Ed.2d 227 (1989)), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 110 S.Ct. 1143, 107 L.Ed.2d 1048 (1990). 41 It is well established in this circuit that a motion for severance must be renewed at the close of evidence or it is waived. United States v. Smith, 893 F.2d 1573, 1581 (9th Cir.1990); United States v. Monks, 774 F.2d 945, 949 (9th Cir.1985); United States v. Gaines, 563 F.2d 1352, 1356 (9th Cir.1977); United States v. Figueroa-Paz, 468 F.2d 1055, 1057 (9th Cir.1972). Lupio did not renew his pretrial motion for severance at the close of trial. Therefore, the objection was waived.