Opinion ID: 547205
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: Admission of Summary Chart

Text: 34 Oshatz also contests the admission of a summary chart prepared by the Government. This chart listed both the gross losses generated by the defendants' activities and the annual losses suffered by each entity involved in the scheme. Oshatz challenges both the Government's failure to produce, prior to trial, the computer program on which the chart was based and the District Court's conditional decision to admit the chart before ascertaining its accuracy. We have previously acknowledged the great desirability of making computer programs used in the preparation of a summary chart available to the defense a reasonable time before trial, see United States v. Dioguardi, 428 F.2d 1033, 1038 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 400 U.S. 825, 91 S.Ct. 50, 27 L.Ed.2d 54 (1970), and have stressed that the Court should independently determine whether the summary chart fairly represent[s] and summarize[s] the evidence upon which [it] is based, see United States v. Citron, 783 F.2d 307, 316 (2d Cir.1986), modified, 853 F.2d 1055 (2d Cir.1988). In this case, though the Government did not produce the computer program before trial, Oshatz had ample time during trial to check the validity of the program and to cross-examine the Government's witness concerning errors in his calculations. And though the Court conditionally admitted the summary chart prior to determining the accuracy of its underlying figures, the Court permitted the Government to amend any incorrect figures in the chart before ultimately admitting the exhibit. Consequently, we do not believe Oshatz suffered any prejudice from the admission of the chart.