Opinion ID: 172814
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: standard of review

Text: This is an appeal from a BAP decision. See 28 U.S.C. § 158(d)(1). But, we review only the Bankruptcy Court's decision. Alderete v. Educ. Credit Mgmt. Corp. (In re Alderete), 412 F.3d 1200, 1204 (10th Cir.2005); Johnson v. Smith (In re Johnson), 575 F.3d 1079, 1082 (10th Cir. 2009). By this we do not mean that we ignore the procedural posture of the case before us-an appeal from a BAP decision. Rather, we mean that we treat the BAP as a subordinate appellate tribunal whose rulings are entitled to no deference (although they certainly may be persuasive). Mathai v. Warren (In re Warren), 512 F.3d 1241, 1248 (10th Cir.2008). We review matters of law de novo, and factual findings (which are made only by the bankruptcy court, not the BAP), we review for clear error. See Gullickson v. Brown (In re Brown), 108 F.3d 1290, 1292 (10th Cir. 1997).