Opinion ID: 597854
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Chapter 1 and its Administration

Text: 3 Chapter 1 provides federal funds for remedial educational services to educationally deprived children in both public and private schools. Prior to 1985, Chapter 1 instructional services were frequently provided in classrooms in sectarian school buildings. However, in 1985, the Supreme Court held that providing such services in sectarian school buildings violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402, 105 S.Ct. 3232, 87 L.Ed.2d 290 (1985). Consequently, to provide children attending sectarian schools with the Chapter 1 instruction for which they qualify and to comply with Felton, arrangements for other than onsite delivery of services had to be devised. The students either had to be transported to public schools, or mobile classrooms or space outside the sectarian school property had to be leased. The extra costs of transporting the students, renting space, obtaining property insurance, maintaining electricity and general upkeep, which were not necessary when Chapter 1 instruction was provided on-site in the sectarian schools, constitute the so-called Felton costs at issue in this case.