Opinion ID: 740
Heading Depth: 4
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: IMMAct  602(d)

Text: The effective date provision in the following subsection, IMMAct  602(d), does not serve to overcome the presumption against implied repeal either. That section is fully consistent with interpreting ADAA  7344(b)'s specific mandate that the aggravated felony ground of deportation is not retroactive as a minor exception to IMMAct  602(c)'s general retroactivity provision. IMMAct  602(d) states that  602's amendments to INA  241 shall not apply to deportation proceedings for which notice has been provided to the alien before March 1, 1991. The Second Circuit in Bell held that  602(d) directs that the grounds for deportation in  602(a) apply to all aliens who received notice on or after March 1, 1991. See Bell, 218 F.3d at 94. [16] But this mode of interpreting an effective date provision has been definitively rejected. As the Supreme Court held in St. Cyr, a `statement that a statute will become effective on a certain date does not even arguably suggest that it has any application to conduct that occurred at an earlier date.' St. Cyr, 533 U.S. at 317, 121 S.Ct. 2271 (quoting Landgraf, 511 U.S. at 257, 114 S.Ct. 1483). Thus, a simple effective date provision cannot impliedly repeal all previous temporal limitations on the application of grounds of deportability.