Opinion ID: 615944
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 8

Heading: 4 Whether NJP Promotes Retribution and Deterrence

Text: Punishment that furthers the objectives of retribution and deterrence is more likely to be criminal, rather than civil, in nature. See Hudson, 522 U.S. at 105, 118 S.Ct. 488; Trogden, 476 F.Supp.2d at 570. Although NJP likely deters certain misconduct, that alone does not render NJP criminal in nature. As the Supreme Court stated in Hudson, deterrence may serve civil as well as criminal goals. Hudson, 522 U.S. at 105, 118 S.Ct. 488 (citing United States v. Ursery, 518 U.S. 267, 292, 116 S.Ct. 2135, 135 L.Ed.2d 549 (1996)). More importantly, as disciplinary sanctions for minor offenses, NJP should not be viewed as promoting retribution. See 10 U.S.C. § 815(b). This factor is neutral.