Opinion ID: 791655
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Permissive intervention under Fed.R.Civ.P. 24(b).

Text: 26 SUWA also seeks to intervene permissively under Fed.R.Civ.P. 24(b). The requirement of standing for permissive intervenors has received less attention but is no less unsettled. Mangual, 317 F.3d at 61; see also Transamerica Ins. Co. v. South, 125 F.3d 392, 396 n. 4 (7th Cir.1997); In re: Vitamins Antitrust Class Actions, 215 F.3d 26, 31-32 (D.C.Cir.2000); Amy M. Gardner, Comment, An Attempt to Intervene in the Confusion: Standing Requirements for Rule 24 Intervenors, 69 U. Chi. L.Rev. 681, 683, 690-91, 693-97 (2002). For the same reasons relied upon above, we also conclude that a party seeking to intervene permissively need not first establish its standing. See Shaw v. Hunt, 154 F.3d 161, 165 (4th Cir.1998) (citing Sec. Exch. Comm'n v. United States Realty & Improvement Co., 310 U.S. 434, 60 S.Ct. 1044, 84 L.Ed. 1293 (1940)); 4 Employee Staffing Servs., Inc. v. Aubry, 20 F.3d 1038, 1042 (9th Cir.1994) (holding that a permissive intervenor need not establish standing). 27