Opinion ID: 414394
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Defendant Graham's own Statement

Text: 14 Graham also contends that the district court should have suppressed his own statement, made during booking in response to a question as to his occupation, that he was a pimp and gambler. He makes separate challenges under the fifth amendment, the sixth amendment, and Federal Rule of Evidence 403. We need not untangle these complex arguments because we believe that any error in admitting the statement was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. See Booton v. Hanauer, 541 F.2d 296, 299 (1st Cir.1976). That women worked for Graham as prostitutes was overwhelmingly clear from the other testimony. Graham's own statement to that effect was inconsequential and merely cumulative. See United States v. Ferreboeuf, 632 F.2d 832, 834 (9th Cir.1980), cert. denied, 450 U.S. 934, 101 S.Ct. 1398, 67 L.Ed.2d 368 (1981). The additional prejudice, if any, from Graham's identification of himself as a gambler was insignificant. 15