Opinion ID: 381868
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 4

Heading: issues

Text: 1. . . . 2. . . . 3. Whether the District Court's factual findings that the disputed work is of the type traditionally performed by members of Local 7 for which they have the necessary skills and experience and that the object of Local 7's contract was work preservation are clearly erroneous and, therefore, whether summary judgment for Local 7 on the alleged violation of § 8(b)(4)(B) was properly granted. 4. Whether the District Court's factual finding that Local 7 made no effort to induce or encourage Frito's employees to become members of any labor organization is clearly erroneous and, therefore, whether summary judgment for Local 7 on the alleged violation of § 8(b)(4)(B) was properly granted. Clerks' Answer Br. at 1-2 (emphasis added). The district court may not make findings of fact on a motion for summary judgment. Williams v. Eaton, 443 F.2d 422, 433 (10th Cir. 1971). 2 The Clerks' reliance on the recent Supreme Court opinion in N. L. R. B. v. International Longshoremen's Association, --- U.S. ----, 100 S.Ct. 2305, 65 L.Ed.2d 289 (1980), for the proposition that we cannot look to the skills required by Frito-Lay's merchandising system in applying the fairly claimable standard is misplaced. In that case, the Longshoremen had previously performed the work in question, i. e. stuffing and stripping containers used in shipping freight, and there was absolutely no question that they possessed the requisite skills. In the D. C. Circuit opinion affirmed by the Supreme Court, it was stated: The overriding similarities between the traditional work of longshoremen and the work of stuffing and stripping containers are evident. Longshoremen have historically loaded and unloaded ocean-borne cargo, which not only has meant loading the cargo into and out of the hold of the ship, but also has meant sorting the cargo and loading it, on to equipment such as pallets. From the longshoremen's standpoint, therefore, containerization merely represents a change in equipment. International Longshoremen's Association v. N. L. R. B., 613 F.2d 890, 909 (D.C.Cir.1979). See, --- U.S. at ----, 100 S.Ct. at 2309-10. Accordingly, it wasn't necessary for the Court to address the question of whose work must be focused on in applying the fairly claimable standard, which is the issue presented in this case. We do not view N. L. R. B. v. International Longshoremen's Association, as precluding further analysis when the work claimed is not work which was previously performed by the union. 3 Morton News Company's employees were represented by the Teamsters. Although the agreement did not specifically exempt them from the operation of the Clerks' work clause, the Clerks' initial proposal did. However, the Grocers objected to that proposal on the ground that singling out one company would render the clause illegal 4 Even if the Clerks were concerned with the legitimate work preservation interests of bargaining unit employees in securing the provision, the clause would not be ipso facto validated. The Supreme Court has recognized that such clauses are often motivated by both lawful and unlawful interests and has specifically held that the existence of a lawful motive will not immunize an otherwise illegal clause. N. L. R. B. v. Pipefitters, 429 U.S. at 516, 97 S.Ct. at 897