Opinion ID: 176780
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Consideration of Matters Extraneous to the Complaint

Text: In considering a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6), a district court may consider the facts alleged in the complaint, documents attached to the complaint as exhibits, and documents incorporated by reference in the complaint. Chambers, 282 F.3d at 153; Hayden v. County of Nassau, 180 F.3d 42, 54 (2d Cir.1999). Where a document is not incorporated by reference, the court may neverless consider it where the complaint relies heavily upon its terms and effect, thereby rendering the document integral to the complaint. Mangiafico v. Blumenthal, 471 F.3d 391, 398 (2d Cir.2006) (quoting Chambers, 282 F.3d at 152-53). However, even if a document is `integral' to the complaint, it must be clear on the record that no dispute exists regarding the authenticity or accuracy of the document. Faulkner v. Beer, 463 F.3d 130, 134 (2d Cir.2006). It must also be clear that there exist no material disputed issues of fact regarding the relevance of the document. Id.