Opinion ID: 1127405
Heading Depth: 6
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Limiting Modifiers

Text: Defendant contends the trial court violated the Eighth Amendment by refusing his requested deletion of the adjectives extreme and substantial in instructions given in the language of section 190.3, factors (d) (whether defendant was under the influence of extreme mental or emotional disturbance at time of offense), and (g) (whether defendant acted under extreme duress or substantial domination of another person). We have rejected this argument in numerous cases, and defendant has failed to persuade us that we should reconsider these decisions. ( Turner, supra, 8 Cal.4th at pp. 208-209, and cases cited [catchall provision of section 190.3, factor (k) referring to any other circumstance which extenuates the gravity of the crime allows consideration of nonextreme mental or emotional conditions when read in conjunction with instructions on factors (d) and (g)].)