Opinion ID: 793789
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Failure to Return to Confinement

Text: 5 In Missouri, a person commits the crime of failure to return to confinement if, while serving [a] sentence for any crime wherein he is temporarily permitted to go at large without guard, he purposely fails to return to confinement when he is required to do so. Mo.Rev.Stat. § 575.220.1. In United States v. Abernathy, 277 F.3d 1048 (8th Cir.2002), we held walkaway escape constitutes a violent felony under the ACCA. Id. at 1051 (relying on United States v. Nation, 243 F.3d 467, 472 (8th Cir.2001), which held a walkaway escape is a crime of violence under U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2(a)). We see no material distinction between walkaway escape and failure to return to confinement. See United States v. Maddox, 388 F.3d 1356, 1368-69 (10th Cir.2004) (relying on precedent holding escape is a violent felony for purposes of the ACCA and rejecting defendant's argument that failure to return [to prison] from the work-release program does not constitute a violent felony), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 125 S.Ct. 1689, 161 L.Ed.2d 504 (2005); cf. United States v. Winn, 364 F.3d 7, 12 (1st Cir.2004) (holding failure to return from a break at a halfway house constitutes a crime of violence under U.S.S.G. § 4B1.2(a)(2)); United States v. Bryant, 310 F.3d 550, 553-54 (7th Cir.2002) (holding same with regard to failure to return to a halfway house after being absent with permission). 2 We therefore hold the district court did not err in concluding Adams's conviction for failure to return to confinement qualified as a violent felony predicate offense under the ACCA.