Opinion ID: 47563
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: standard of review

Text: “When the BIA summarily affirms the IJ’s decision without an opinion, the IJ’s decision becomes the final removal order subject to review.” Sepulveda v. United States Atty. Gen., 401 F.3d 1226, 1230 (11th Cir. 2005). “The IJ’s findings of fact are reviewed under the substantial evidence test, and we ‘must affirm the [IJ’s] decision if it is supported by reasonable, substantial, and probative evidence on the record considered as a whole.’” Id. (quoting Najjar v. Ashcroft, 257 F.3d 1262, 1284 (11th Cir. 2001) (quotation marks and citation omitted)). “Under this highly deferential standard of review, the IJ’s decision can be reversed only if the evidence ‘compels’ a reasonable fact finder to find otherwise.” Id.; see INS v. Elias-Zacarias, 502 U.S. 478, 481 n.1, 112 S. Ct. 812, 815 n.1 (1992); Adefemi v. Ashcroft, 386 F.3d 1022, 1027 (11th Cir. 2004) (en banc).