Opinion ID: 1503429
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Heading: On Petition to Modify.

Text: Mr. J. Charles Dennis, United States Attorney for the Western District of Washington, and Mr. Tom De Wolfe, a Special Assistant to the Attorney General of the United States, have, as friends of this court, petitioned us to modify the opinion filed herein on November 8, 1935, by elaborating on and clarifying that portion of the opinion which states: The general rule is that, before the books of a corporation can be received in evidence against a defendant other than the corporation itself, the entries therein must be shown to have been made by persons having knowledge of the facts, and must be corroborated by their testimony, if living and accessible, or by proof of their handwriting, if dead, insane, or beyond the reach of process. The suggested modification is unnecessary. That the general rule is as stated in the opinion cannot seriously be questioned. Chaffee v. United States, 18 Wall. 516, 541, 21 L.Ed. 908; Osborne v. United States (C.C.A. 9) 17 F.(2d) 246, 248. There are, of course, exceptions to the general rule. One such exception was recognized in Shreve v. United States (C.C.A. 9) 77 F. (2d) 2, 6, Osborne v. United States, supra, and Cullen v. United States (C.C.A. 9) 2 F.(2d) 524, 525, and was held applicable to this case. Other exceptions to the general rule were recognized in Lewis v. United States (C.C.A. 9) 38 F.(2d) 406, 413; United States v. Becker (C.C.A. 2) 62 F. (2d) 1007, 1010; United States v. Cotter (C.C.A. 2) 60 F.(2d) 689, 693; Cooper v. United States (C.C.A. 8) 9 F.(2d) 216, 222; Redmond v. United States (C.C.A. 1) 8 F. (2d) 24, 28; Billingsley v. United States (C.C.A. 6) 274 F. 86, 91; Parker v. United States (C.C.A. 2) 203 F. 950, 951; and Wilson v. United States (C.C.A. 2) 190 F. 427, 437. But the facts of this case, as disclosed by the record, do not bring it within any of these exceptions. Petition denied.