Opinion ID: 785104
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Proceedings Through the First Appeal

Text: 4 The Private Plaintiffs 2 filed suit against, among others, the Governor of Mississippi and the Board of Trustees of State Institutions of Higher Learning (the Board). The United States subsequently intervened as a plaintiff. In their complaints, the Private Plaintiffs and the United States alleged, inter alia, that the Defendants had not satisfied their affirmative obligation under the Equal Protection Clause and Title VI to disestablish the State's racially dual system of higher education. 3 After conducting a trial, the district court ruled that the State — by adopting race-neutral policies and procedures and taking certain affirmative actions — had satisfied its duty to reform the former de jure segregated state-university system. Ayers v. Allain, 674 F.Supp. 1523, 1564 (N.D.Miss.1987). We affirmed. Ayers v. Allain, 914 F.2d 676, 692 (5th Cir. 1990) (en banc).