Opinion ID: 368855
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: The Film Market

Text: 14 The relevant market for photographic film comprises color print, color slide, color movie, and black-and-white film. 6 Kodak's grip on this market is even stronger than its hold on cameras. Since 1952, its annual sales have always exceeded 82% Of the nationwide volume on a unit basis, and 88% In revenues. Foreign competition has recently made some inroads into Kodak's monopoly, but the Rochester firm concedes that it dominated film sales throughout the period relevant to this case. Indeed, in his summation, Kodak's trial counsel told the jury that the film market . . . has been a market where there has not been price competition and where Kodak has been able to price its products pretty much without regard to the products of competitors. 15 Kodak's monopoly in the film market is particularly important to this case, because the jury accepted Berkey's contention, noted above, that it had been used to disadvantage rivals in cameras, photofinishing, photofinishing equipment, and other markets. Of special relevance to this finding is the color print film segment of the industry, which Kodak has dominated since it introduced Kodacolor, the first amateur color print film, in 1942. 7 In 1963, when Kodak announced the 126 Instamatic camera, it also brought out a new, faster color print film Kodacolor X which was initially available to amateur photographers only in the 126 format. 8 Nine years later, Kodak repeated this pattern with the simultaneous introduction of the 110 Pocket Instamatic and Kodacolor II film. For more than a year, Kodacolor II was made only for 110 cameras, and Kodak has never made any other color print film in the 110 size. 16