Opinion ID: 181573
Heading Depth: 4
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Individual Appellants

Text: Because the district court analyzed whether the Appellants were deliberately indifferent under an erroneous standard, we remand for the district court to analyze each Appellant's prospective liability individually, utilizing the proper standard. The Appellants' potential liability varies, depending on whether each Appellant was aware of facts from which an inference could be drawn that a substantial risk of serious harm to Appellees existed, and upon whether each Appellant actually drew that inference. At a minimum, the court should consider the following facts: Kneser was aware of three graphic allegations regarding FabregasFabregas' abuse of Monica's mother and drugs (Referral 1), Fabregas' french kiss[ing] of Monica, and Monica's report of telling Papa to stop while pointing at her bottom (Referral 2). Kleinhen, Loeffler, and Drake approved Fabregas's foster home licenses, despite their awareness of the two referrals and of a complaint regarding Fabregas' physical abuse of Monica's mother, drug abuse, and sexual abuse of Monica. Likewise, Walker approved Fabregas' third license despite knowledge of the escalating referrals alleging Fabregas' abuse of all three girls. Over the course of six years, Payne reviewed and evaluated nine CPS referrals regarding Fabregas' physical and sexual abuse of Monica, Ruth and Estera. During Lipson's employ at DSHS, DSHS received Referrals 8 through 13 and Lipson had the authority to recommend Ruth and Estera's removal pursuant to court order, but failed to do so. During Kairoff's tenure, DSHS received a referral that Monica and Fabregas were actually sleeping together and she was tired because Fabregas bump[ed] into her in bed. Finally, in 2004, Baker received perhaps the most serious CPS referrals, including a pornographic video involving Fabregas and Estera, and Estera's admission that the sexual allegations were true and that she used cocaine with Fabregas. We express no view as to the outcome of the individualized qualified immunity inquiries to be conducted on remand.