Opinion ID: 1830727
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: distinctive group

Text: Defendant easily satisfies the first prong of the Duren analysis. Black Americans are a constitutionally cognizable group because they are capable of being singled out for discriminatory treatment, see Castaneda v. Partida, 430 U.S. 482, 494, 97 S.Ct. 1272, 51 L.Ed.2d 498 (1977), and have been held a distinctive group for jury composition challenges. See Peters v. Kiff, 407 U.S. 493, 498-499, 92 S.Ct. 2163, 33 L.Ed.2d 83 (1972); see also United States v. Royal, 174 F.3d 1, 6 (C.A.1, 1999) (blacks are unquestionably a `distinctive' group for the purposes of a fair cross-section analysis).