Opinion ID: 1735344
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Chapter 980 Proceeding

Text: ¶ 36 As part of his objections to the ch. 980 proceeding, Pharm argues that he did not knowingly waive extradition for a ch. 980 proceeding. He asserts his waivers contemplated only criminal proceedings, and therefore, the UCEA, Wis. Stat. § 976.03, was violated. [14] The UCEA details procedures to be followed when a request for extradition has been made. No state has made a request to extradite Pharm. Such a request is a condition precedent to application of the UCEA. § 976.03(3). ¶ 37 In addition, Pharm exercised his rights under Article III of the IAD when he requested final disposition of his untried Wisconsin charges. As we explained above, Article IV is not at issue here. An Article III request for final disposition requires a waiver of extradition with respect to any charge or proceeding contemplated thereby . . ., and a waiver of extradition to the receiving state to serve any sentence there imposed upon the prisoner after completion of the prisoner's term of imprisonment in the sending state. Wis. Stat. § 976.05(3)(e). Pharm's request for final disposition of his untried charges, using language directly from Article III, stated: I hereby agree that this request will operate as a request for final disposition of all untried indictments, informations or complaints on the basis of which detainers have been lodged against me from your state. I also agree that this request shall be deemed to be my waiver of extradition with respect to any charge or proceeding contemplated hereby or included herein, and a waiver of extradition to your state to serve any sentence there imposed upon me, after completion of my term of imprisonment in this state. I also agree that this request shall constitute a consent by me to the production of my body in any court where my presence may be required in order to effectuate the purposes of the Agreement on Detainers and a further consent voluntarily to be returned to the institution to which I am now confined. Accordingly, the UCEA has no relevance to the ch. 980 proceeding. ¶ 38 However, we agree that Pharm's waivers of extradition did not extend to the ch. 980 proceeding. Chapter 980 proceedings are civil in nature and Pharm's waiver was in relation to criminal charges. Nevertheless, it does not follow that Pharm's rights under the IAD preclude a ch. 980 prosecution at the conclusion of Pharm's term of incarceration. As we explained above, the IAD, including Pharm's Article III waivers, had no further application once Pharm was transported to Wisconsin to begin serving his term of incarceration. At his mandatory release date, Pharm was in no different position than any other person incarcerated in Wisconsin for a sexually violent crime that was committed in Wisconsin. That is, he could be subjected to a ch. 980 commitment proceeding if the State chose to file a ch. 980 petition. Our conclusion in this regard is no different than if Pharm had suffered another type of mental health condition during incarceration in Wisconsin that required a ch. 51 proceeding to protect him or others. The IAD waivers would not prevent those proceedings from going forward. ¶ 39 Furthermore, it is clear that Wisconsin had jurisdiction to conduct the ch. 980 proceedings. Chapter 980 may be applied to any person who has committed sexually violent offenses in Wisconsin and who is incarcerated in this state. See State v. Burgess, 2003 WI 71, ¶¶11-21, 262 Wis. 2d 354, 665 N.W.2d 124. In Burgess, we held that the circuit court had jurisdiction to hold a ch. 980 commitment proceeding for an enrolled tribal member incarcerated in Wisconsin for a sexually violent offense, even where the predicate criminal offense was committed on the Lac du Flambeau Reservation. Id. Our analysis in Burgess was based on Public Law (PL) 280, 18 U.S.C. § 1162, which granted Wisconsin concurrent jurisdiction over criminal offenses and certain civil claims arising on tribal land. While not directly applicable here, Burgess is evidence of the broad scope of Wisconsin's jurisdiction to prosecute ch. 980 proceedings. Id., ¶¶17-19 (citations omitted).