Opinion ID: 158852
Heading Depth: 2
Heading Rank: 2

Heading: Final Order Review

Text: 19 Apparently because § 1252 is headed Judicial review of orders of removal, and appellants are not requesting review of their final orders of deportation, 5 appellants argue that § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii) is inapplicable. We have indicated that the title of a statute may imply a limitation on a statute's applicability. See Findlay v. Banks (In re Cascade Energy & Metals Corp.), 87 F.3d 1146, 1151 (10th Cir. 1996) (affirming bankruptcy court's conclusion that debtor intended to mislead the court by omitting language in the title and text of statute on which he claimed he relied in good faith). The general rule, however, is that 20 [w]here the text is complicated and prolific, headings and titles can do no more than indicate the provisions in a most general manner; to attempt to refer to each specific provision would often be ungainly as well as useless. . . . [T]he heading of a section cannot limit the plain meaning of the text. For interpretative purposes, they are of use only when they shed light on some ambiguous word or phrase. They are but tools available for the resolution of a doubt. But they cannot undo or limit that which the text makes plain. 21 Brotherhood of R.R. v. Baltimore & O. R. Co., 331 U.S. 519, 528-29 (1947) (citations omitted). Reviewing § 1252, which is both complicated and prolific, we see that it addresses a multitude of jurisdictional issues, including ones that are collateral to the review of a final order of deportation. See, e.g., § 1252(a)(2)(B)(i) (providing that no court may review certain of the Attorney General's discretionary grants of relief in, inter alia, requests for voluntary departure, cancellation of removal, and adjustment of status); § 1252(e) (limiting jurisdiction to review exclusion orders, including habeas review and collateral constitutional challenges to the validity of the system); § 1252(f) (providing limitations on injunctive relief available in any court other than the Supreme Court); § 1252(g) (barring review in transitional cases of certain discretionary decisions of the Attorney General in any court and in any type of action). We conclude that § 1252(a)(2)(B)(ii) is not limited in application only to review by the circuit courts of final orders of removal.