Opinion ID: 746480
Heading Depth: 1
Heading Rank: 1

Heading: Vincent Adams

Text: 2 Adams was arrested after parking his car and while walking toward his residence early one morning. The police had been following him and, when he parked, they followed suit, then stopped Adams and questioned him. Adams argues that both the stop and the subsequent search were illegal. He also argues that the frisk of his body exceeded permissible limits as it included the squeezing of his pockets and was without reasonable suspicion. Adams believes that all evidence obtained as the fruit of this search was illegally obtained and should be suppressed. 3 Adams was convicted after he pleaded guilty to conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute cocaine in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), according to a written plea agreement. This plea agreement was not conditional under Rule 11(a)(2), nor did it reserve any issues for purposes of appeal. Fed.R.Crim.P. 11. [A] plea of guilty constitutes a waiver of non-jurisdictional defects occurring prior to the plea. United States v. Robinson, 20 F.3d 270, 273 (7th Cir.1994). This waiver includes Fourth Amendment claims. See United States v. Markling, 7 F.3d 1309, 1312 (7th Cir.1993). Each of Adams' claims on appeal relates to the police search accompanying his arrest. Adams has thus waived these issues and we have no jurisdiction to hear his appeal. Adams' appeal is dismissed. 4