Opinion ID: 2197952
Heading Depth: 3
Heading Rank: 3

Heading: Reasonable alternatives

Text: Bobo argues that the district court did not properly consider other alternatives, but he fails to advance what those alternatives would have been, resting instead on his argument that no one intimidated James and that was why the district court had difficulty crafting other alternatives. The district court must consider all reasonable alternatives to closure. Waller, 467 U.S. at 45, 104 S.Ct. 2210. Here the district court considered attempting to exclude only those who might intimidate James, but ultimately discarded that option as untenable. The district court rejected having someone standing at the door to the courtroom, attempting to identify those who were Rolling 30's Bloods gang members or who might otherwise intimidate James, as ineffective and potentially an invasion of privacy. Here, the district court appropriately considered reasonable alternatives and found the temporary closing of the courtroom to the public during James' testimony to be the only reasonable alternative.