What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
Irvan MULLINS, Appellant, v. UNIROYAL, INC. and Tim Neville, as Manager, Appellees.
No. 86-1117.
United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.
Submitted Oct. 13, 1986.
Decided Nov. 13, 1986.
Walter M. Calinger, Red Oak, Iowa, for appellant.
Soren S. Jensen, Omaha, Neb., for appel-lees.
Before LAY, Chief Judge, FAGG, Circuit Judge, and LARSON, Senior District Judge.
The HONORABLE EARL R. LARSON, Senior United States District Judge for the District of Minnesota, sitting by designation.
FAGG, Circuit Judge.
Irvan Mullins brought this action against his former employer and its manager, Uniroyal, Inc. and Tim Neville, claiming he was discharged in violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), 29 U.S.C. §§ 621-634. The district court found Mullins ultimately failed to prove he had been discharged because of his age. We affirm.
Mullins worked at the Uniroyal plant in Red Oak, Iowa, for ten years. The plant manufactured hoses. Mullins began there as the distribution/scheduling supervisor and traffic manager. Uniroyal later promoted him to other management positions. In early 1982 Uniroyal eliminated Mullins’ position at the plant. The company then offered him a choice between severance pay and returning to the position he originally held with Uniroyal.
Mullins chose to stay with Uniroyal. In once again serving as distribution/scheduling supervisor, Mullins was responsible for scheduling production in the plant and maintaining sufficient raw materials for that production. Since he had last held this position, however, the plant’s production levels and overall operations intensified, making the position more demanding. In June 1982, Uniroyal notified Mullins that he was being terminated due to poor performance. Although the company relieved Mullins of his supervisory responsibilities, it permitted him to work in a different capacity for seven more months to vest his pension. Mullins was fifty-eight years old at the time he was discharged.
Mullins then filed this age discrimination action. At trial he made a prima facie showing of discrimination. Uniroyal responded by producing evidence that it had discharged Mullins for legitimate, nondiscriminatory reasons. Based upon the record as a whole, the district court found Mullins failed to carry his ultimate burden of proving he had been discriminated against because of his age. On appeal Mullins challenges the district court’s findings.
In reviewing the district court’s determinations made after trial, we focus upon the question whether Uniroyal’s actions were discriminatory. See Holley v. Sanyo Mfg., Inc., 771 F.2d 1161, 1168 (8th Cir.1985); see also United States Postal Serv. Bd. of Governors v. Aikens, 460 U.S. 711, 714-15, 103 S.Ct. 1478, 1481-82, 75 L.Ed.2d 403 (1983). The district court’s determination that Mullins failed to show Uniroyal’s actions were discriminatory is a finding of fact. We cannot reverse the district court’s factual determination unless we conclude it is clearly erroneous. See Fed. R.Civ.P. 52(a). ‘“[A] finding is “clearly erroneous” when although there is evidence to support it, the reviewing court on the entire evidence is left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed.’ ” Anderson v. City of Bessemer City, 470 U.S. 564, 573, 105 S.Ct. 1504, 1511, 84 L.Ed.2d 518 (1985) (quoting United States v. United States Gypsum Co., 333 U.S. 364, 395, 68 S.Ct. 525, 542, 92 L.Ed. 746 (1948)); see Garlington v. St. Anthony’s Hosp. Ass’n, 792 F.2d 752, 754 (8th Cir.1986). It is not sufficient that we may have decided the case differently were we to review the evidence de novo. See Anderson, 470 U.S. at 573-74, 105 S.Ct. at 1511-12.
Here, several years had passed since Mullins first held the distribution/scheduling supervisor position. The responsibilities and pressures of this position had vastly increased. Mullins’ difficulty in handling this position during his second tenure is evidenced by the numerous “incident reports” that were filed by Mullins’ supervisors. The reports detail his errors over the months before Uniroyal decided to terminate him. For example, Mullins issued an incorrect order for cutting hose, submitted an incorrect production schedule to the secretary for processing, exceeded expectations for overtime, and most importantly, failed to obtain adequate supplies for a scheduled Saturday work detail and Uniroyal management was forced to cancel the extra work day.
To support his claim of age discrimination, Mullins points to a reference to his “relatively advanced working age” made by Uniroyal’s Board of Benefits and Awards. Mullins takes the statement out of context. As the district court noted, the Board was expressing its concern that Mullins have a vested pension with some employer. Thus, rather than making his termination immediate, Uniroyal permitted Mullins to work seven more months in order to obtain a vested pension with the company.
Mullins argues we should remand this case to the district court with instructions to apply the principles stated in Bibbs v. Block, 778 F.2d 1318 (8th Cir.1985) (en banc). Mullins essentially contends he established that age was a “discernible factor” in Uniroyal’s decision to terminate him when he made a prima facie showing of discrimination under the pattern of proof set out in Texas Department of Community Affairs v. Burdine, 450 U.S. 248, 101 S.Ct. 1089, 67 L.Ed.2d 207 (1981). Therefore, he asserts that the company’s decision was based on a “mixed motive.” Mullins maintains that under Bibbs and Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274, 97 S.Ct. 568, 50 L.Ed.2d 471 (1977), the district court should have required the employer to show by a preponderance of the evidence that, notwithstanding age as a factor in the employment decision, Mullins was discharged for a nondiseriminatory reason.
Mullins’ reliance on Bibbs is misplaced. If we were to accept Mullins’ argument, we in effect would overrule the well-established principles set out in Burdine. As stated in Burdine, when a prima facie case is shown by the employee, the employer’s burden is only to come forward with evidence of a nondiseriminatory reason for the employment decision. The burden of persuasion always remains on the employee to show the reason given by the employer is pretextual. See Burdine, 450 U.S. at 252-53, 101 S.Ct. at 1093. Here, Mullins suggests that once a plaintiff-employee proves a Burdine prima facie case the court is faced with a mixed motive situation and the burden of persuasion shifts to the employer. Under his argument, every pri-ma facie case would become a mixed motive case. That position is clearly incorrect.
Bibbs applies only when the employee establishes that the employment decision was based on a mixed motive. For example, a mixed motive case under Bibbs exists when the defendant-employer concedes that age was a discernible factor, but not a motivating one, for the employment decision. Bibbs would also apply absent an employer’s concession when the trial court finds that a discriminatory reason was a discernible factor in the employer’s decision-making process. Nevertheless, a mixed motive case does not exist simply because a discriminatory reason might be inferred when the employee establishes a prima facie case.
In the present case, the district court determined Uniroyal fired Mullins as a purely business decision. Age was not a factor, and thus, Bibbs was not applicable. Further, we do not inquire into the soundness of an employer’s business decision. The ADEA is not intended for that purpose. See Bell v. Gas Serv. Co., 778 F.2d 512, 515 (8th Cir.1985); Jorgensen v. Modern Woodmen of Am., 761 F.2d 502, 505 (8th Cir.1985); see also O’Connor v. Peru State College, 781 F.2d 632, 638 (8th Cir.1986).
After thoroughly reviewing the record, we conclude the district court’s finding of no discrimination is not clearly erroneous. Accordingly, the district court’s judgment is affirmed.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1