What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
William Henry HACKETT, Petitioner-Appellant, v. UNITED STATES of America, Respondent-Appellee.
No. 16132.
United States Court of Appeals Sixth Circuit.
July 22, 1965.
William Henry Hackett, in pro per.
Lawrence Gubow, U. S. Atty., Paul J. Komives, Asst. U. S. Atty., Detroit, Mich., for appellee.
Before WEICK, Chief Judge, and MILLER and EDWARDS, Circuit Judges.
EDWARDS, Circuit Judge.
Petitioner-appellant in the instant appeal was convicted in 1961 in a jury trial before Judge Ralph M. Freeman in the Eastern District of Michigan, Southern Division, on five counts of violations of the Federal narcotic laws, specifically 21 U.S.C. § 174 and 26 U.S.C. § 4705(a).
Counts One and Two charged unlawful possession and sale of 15.08 grams of heroin on August 18, 1960. Counts Three and Four related to unlawful possession and sale of 40.76 grams of heroin on September 19, 1960. Count Five charged unlawful possession of 239 grams of heroin on October 6, 1960. This last count of the indictment referred to heroin seized from appellant at the time of his arrest on October 6, 1960.
Petitioner having been previously convicted on a narcotics violation, the District Judge imposed a sentence of fifteen years imprisonment on each count, with such sentences to run concurrently.
Thereupon an appeal was taken to this court which resulted in affirmance of the convictions below in a per curiam opinion, United States of America v. Hackett, 303 F.2d 33 (C.A.6, 1962), cert. denied, 371 U.S. 819, 83 S.Ct. 35, 9 L.Ed.2d 60 (1962).
The instant appeal is taken from a collateral attack launched against the same convictions under Section 2255 and Rule 35 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.
The motion under Section 2255 seeks to establish the unconstitutionality of petitioner’s convictions because of the indefiniteness of the indictments. In this regard petitioner relies upon the Seventh Circuit rule laid down in Lauer v. United States, 320 F.2d 187 (C.A.7, 1963), which held that a narcotics indictment which did not name the informer was invalid. This rule has been thoroughly considered and rejected by this court in United States v. Dickerson, 337 F.2d 343 (C.A.6, 1964). The Seventh Circuit itself has now reversed its own rule in Lauer v. United States, supra, in Collins v. Markley, 346 F.2d 230 (C.A.7, 1965). On this issue the District Judge was clearly right in dismissing the Section 2255 petition.
The District Judge was also clearly correct in holding that the fourth issue sought to be presented by petitioner in the proceedings before him pertaining to the claimed unlawful search and seizure had been the subject of appeal to this court and had been finally disposed of in United States of America v. Hack-ett, supra, in which case certiorari was sought before the United States Supreme Court and denied.
The only appellate issue of any substance which is before us at the present time, therefore, pertains to petitioner’s contention that the offenses of possession and sale upon which he was convicted in Counts One and Two and Counts Three and Four should have been treated as merged and that the sentences imposed upon him for Counts One and Three should now be stricken on that ground.
It is clear that petitioner is entitled to raise this question before us on a motion filed under Rule 35. Prince v. United States, 352 U.S. 322, 77 S.Ct. 403, 1 L.Ed.2d 370 (1957); United States of America v. Machibroda, 338 F.2d 947 (C.A.6, 1964). The District Judge considered this issue and ruled against petitioner as follows:
“As to ground No. 3, where the defendant contends that the offenses of possession are merged in the convictions of the same transactions charging sale of narcotics on the same dates, and dealing with the same quantity of the identical narcotic in the possession counts 1 and 3, it appears clearly from the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Gore v. United States, 357 U.S. 286 [386, 78 S.Ct. 1280, 2 L.Ed.2d 1405], that the offenses charged under Sec. 4705-A, title 26, United States Code, and Sec. 174, title 21, United States Code, are separate and distinct offenses, and therefore do not merge. As Mr. Komives has pointed out here in his brief and in his oral argument, the elements of these offenses are entirely different. The gist of the Sec. 174 violation is that the narcotic was received and concealed by the defendant after having been imported and brought into the United States illegally. On the other hand, the so-called possession counts 2 and 4 relate to some extent to transactions in counts 1 and 3, or more properly, I should say, to the statutes that deal with the sale of narcotics, to a person who does not submit a written order issued for that purpose by the Secretary of the Treasury.”
We believe that there is a clear-cut distinction between the offense of possession of narcotics (which offense may be committed in the whole without any intention of sale of said narcotics) and the offense of sale of narcotics. It appears to this court that the two offenses, merger of which is here sought to be claimed, are far more obviously distinguishable from each other than the offenses dealt with in Gore v. United States, 357 U.S. 386, 78 S.Ct. 1280, 2 L.Ed.2d 1405 (1957), and Blockburger v. United States, 284 U.S. 299, 52 S.Ct. 180, 76 L.Ed.2d 306 (1932).
The order denying the motions in the instant appeal is hereby affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0