What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
KNOX et al. v. REDWINE.
No. 5486.
Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia.
Argued April 12, 1932.
Decided May 9, 1932.
Rehearing Denied May 17, 1932.
Alfred D. Smith, of Washington, D. C., for plaintiffs in error.
Harry T. Whelan and William B. O’Con-nell, both of Washington, D. C., for defendant in error.
Before MARTIN, Chief Justice, and ROBB, VAN ORSDEL, and GRONER, Associate Justices.
GRONER, Associate Justice.
This was an action instituted by Wallace L. Redwine, husband of Isa May Redwinej to recover for the loss of services of his wife. The action was begun against Clarence E. Knox, Lewis Stanley Wetmore, and the Independent Taxi Owners’ Association. At the close of the ease, the action was dismissed as against the taxi association, and a verdict rendered against the two other defendants on which judgment was entered.
The action grew out of a collision between an automobile, in which plaintiff’s wife was a passenger, and an automobile belonging to Knox and driven by Wetmore. The appeal is based upon the theory that master and servant may not be sued jointly in an action of tort founded on the negligence of the servant where the master’s responsibility results solely from the doctrine of respondeat superior and without his personal participation in his servant’s tort. The evidence showed that Knox employed Wetmore as his servant in the operation of the cab, and that the latter’s negligence caused the injuries complained of. At the close of the ease, a motion was made "by the defendants Knox and Wetmore for a directed verdict on the ground of misjoinder, it being admitted that the testimony showed they were not joint tort-feasors but that the relation of master and servant existed, and the tort, if any, was committed by Wetmore in the course of his employment.
We think the ease is controlled by Lisno.r v. Hughes, 49 App. D. C. 40, 258 E. 512. In that 'ease we called attention to the fact that common-law forms of action have not been abolished in the District of Columbia, and that, while there may be a recovery of damages from the master for an assault by his servant done in the performance of the master’s business and within the general scope of the authority conferred, as well as for similar acts done by his express direction, the remedies applicable aré entirely different, and so we pointed out that, where the liability of the master is dependent on the tortious act of the servant done in the performance of the master’s business, the latter is liable only in an action on the case, whereas in eases in which the tortious acts of the servant are done by the express direction of the master, the latter is liable in an action of trespass, but that in sueh a case the liability does not rest upon the relation of master and servant, but upon the "fact that the act complained of was done at the master’s command, and so in law becomes his own act though done through the instrumentality of another.
This is also the law in Maryland and in many other states, and we do not feel at liberty to change the rule. ' Erom this it results that the action below must be and is reversed, and the cause remanded for a new trial not inconsistent with this opinion.
Reversed and remanded.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0