What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
HUNT v. STANDARD BRANDS, Inc.
No. 6528.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
June 8, 1934.
Rehearing Denied Oct. 9, 1934.
Charles P. Taft, 2d, and Edw. P. Moulinier, both of Cincinnati, Ohio, for appellant.
Joseph S. Graydon and Gregor B. Moorxnann, both of Cincinnati, Ohio (Joseph II. Head and Maxwell & Ramsey, all of Cincinnati, Ohio, on the brief), for appellee.
Before MOORMAN, HICKS, and SIMONS, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
Action by appellant, Hunt, receiver for Roberts & Hall, stockbrokers, to recover-damages of appellee, Standard Brands, Inc., for the conversion of two stock certificates of the Fldschmann Company, each for 100 shares. The ease was tried to a jury.
Appellant took no exception to the court’s charge and made no motion for a directed verdict. The jury returned a verdict for defendant.
Appellant entered a motion for a new trial upon the grounds that the verdict (1) was contrary to law; (2) was not, sustained by any substantial evidence; and (3) was contrary to the weight of the evidence. This motion was overruled and judgment was entered dismissing the action. He excepted and appealed, assigning as error that the verdict and judgment are contrary to the law and are not sustained by any substantial evidence. To be technically correct the assignment should have been that upon the undisputed evidence appellant was unquestionably entitled to a verdict as a matter of law; but, treating it as adequate, the question whether the evidence required a verdict for appellant is not reviewable in the absence of a motion by him for a directed verdict at the close of all the evidence. Sun Pub. Co. v. Lake Erie Asphalt Block Co., 157 F. 80, 82 (C. C. A. 6); Cleveland & Western Coal Co. v. Main Island Creek Coal Co., 297 F. 60, 62 (C. C. A. 6); Kalloch v. Hoagland, 239 F. 252, 253 (C. C. A. 6); Hessig-Ellis Drug Co. v. Grinnell Lithographing Co., 33 F.(2d) 449 (C. C. A. 6); Chesapeake & O. R. Co. v. Lushbaugh, 17 F.(2d) 986 (C. C.A. 6).
It is contended that the court abused its discretion in overruling the motion for a new trial because the evidence not only preponderated against the verdict but failed substantially to support it and there was therefore no basis for judgment. This complaint was not assigned as error and appellant is not entitled as a matter of right to have it considered. Kalloch v. Hoagland, supra; Rule 11 of this court.
This court may, however, waive the rule and determine whether the action on the motion constituted “plain error,” but the order, in any event, is not reviewable further than to determine whether there was 'a clear abuse of discretion. Hines v. Smith, 270 F. 132 (C. C. A. 6); Parker v. Elgin, 5 F.(2d) 562, 564 (C. C. A. 6); Kos v. Baltimore & Ohio R. Co., 28 F.(2d) 872 (C. C. A. 6); National Surety Co. v. Jean, 61 F.(2d) 197, 198 (C. C. A. 6); Pugh v. Bluff City Excursion Co., 177 F. 399 (C. C. A. 6). It is not apparent from the record that there was an abuse of discretion in the denial of the motion. Upon the single point whether the certificates were owned by Roberts & Hall at the time of the alleged conversion, we think that the court might justifiably have concluded that although the evidence (which we do not here analyze but 'which we have examined) might have permitted a verdict for appellant, it did not absolutely require it, that the issue was one peculiarly for the consideration of the jury upon the law as given in the charge.
The judgment of the District Court is affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1