What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
ITALIANO v. UNITED STATES.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit.
November 20, 1929.
No. 4250.
George W. Dowell, of Du Quoin, Ill., for appellant.
Harold Baker, of East St. Louis, Ill., for the United States.
Before ALSCHULER and EYANS, Circuit Judges, and WOODWARD, District Judge.
PER CURIAM.
Appellant was indicted for unlawfully transporting and possessing intoxicating liquor. He pleaded guilty, and the court deferred sentence for a number of months; then, on calling the case for disposition, the court, as is customary and commendable in. such cases, asked for information whieh might bear on the degree of the penalty. The district attorney gave his version of the facts of the ease, and appellant’s attorney presented a motion for further time and for leave to file an affidavit by appellant, the purport of which was to show that appellant’s automobile, wherein a large quantity of liquor was being transported, had been searched in violation of appellant’s constitutional rights. The court denied appellant’s motion for leave to file the affidavit, and nothing was presented beyond insistence on the right to file the affidavit. Thereupon a sentence of three years’ imprisonment and a fine of $500 were imposed.
The only proposition urged as error is the action of the court with respect to the affidavit.
Upon appellant’s plea of guilty, the extent of the penalty imposed was wholly within the discretion of the court, subject only to the statutory limitations. The manner of seizure of the liquor was then wholly immaterial. The plea of guilty dispensed with the necessity of any proof; but the court, in its discretion, could inquire into the nature of the offense, and hear proof or statements of mitigating circumstances. This being wholly for the court’s information, it is difficult to see how error could intervene in what the court heard or refused to hear thereon. It does not appear that anything was excluded on beh'alf of appellant which might tend to minimize the offense or to mitigate the penalty, although opportunity therefor was offered by the court. There is nothing in the record which suggests error — surely there was none in refusing leave to file the affidavit.
The judgment is affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0