What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
MISSISSIPPI GLASS CO. v. POLAND.
No. 12377.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.
March 15, 1943.
Rehearing Denied March 29, 1943.
S. Mayner Wallace, of St. Louis, Mo. (T. M. Pierce, A. M. Menzi, and' Ralph B. Graham, Jr., all of St. Louis, Mo., on the brief), for appellant.
Clifford Greve and Thomas L. Croft, both of St. Louis, Mo. (Richmond C. Coburn, of St. Louis, Mo., on the brief), for appellee.
Before SANBORN, JOHNSEN, and RIDDICK, Circuit Judges.
JOHNSEN, Circuit Judge.
■ The primary question involved is whether, under the law of Missouri, a notice served upon a month-to-month tenant to quit the premises by December 1, 1939, was revoked as a matter of law, by a communication from the landlord-on December 15, 1939, that, “we will extend the period of your tenancy only until the end of this month, and * * * will take possession of- the building on the morning of January 3rd, 1940”, and by the acpeptance thereafter of the December rent. At the time the notice was served, the tenant was in no way in default, but the landlord desired thé property for its own business purposes.
The trial court took the view that the notice to quit had been revoked as a matter of law. The landlord contends on this appeal that the legal effect of its actions- was merely to extend the quitting date and not to nullify or revoke the notice.
The rule which the trial judge applied is that of the weight of authority. See 4 Thompson on Real Property, Permanent Edition, 148, § 1639; 32 Am.Jur. 843, § 1004; 120 A.L.R. 562, annotation. It has indicative sanction in Nagel v. League, 70 Mo.App. 487, and some analogous recognition in Garnhart v. Finney, 40 Mo. 449, 93 Am.Dec. 303; Eurengy v. Equitable Realty Corporation, 341 Mo. 341, 107 S.W.2d 68; and Frank v. Dodd, Mo.App., 130 S.W.2d 210.
It is true that the Missouri courts have held that, where rent for continued occupancy is accepted after the institution of a suit for unlawful detainer, the question whether the notice to quit has been waived is generally one of fact for a jury. Lebow v. Hudson, Mo.App., 226 S.W. 968. But this is because of the legal force accorded the institution of the suit itself as evidence of the landlord’s intention, as the authorities cited in support of that decision demonstrate and as Ewing v. O’Malley, 108 Mo.App. 117, 82 S.W. 1087, similarly emphasizes.
No Missouri decision has been cited to us, and we have found none, that convinces us that the trial court erred in construing the Missouri law to be that, where no suit to recover possession has been instituted, any definite recognition of continued rightful occupancy in the tenant and the acceptance of rent therefor, after the effective date of a notice to quit, as, in the present case, by the landlord’s written extension of “the period of your tenancy” for another month, and the acceptance of rent for the period, nullifies the notice to quit and constitutes a revocation of it as a matter of law, unless the parties can be competently shown to have mutually and clearly agreed that the notice should be extended and continued effective. The landlord can not unilaterally extend and continue the application of the notice, where he has otherwise legally precluded himself from enforcing it. The Missouri Supreme Court has declared that a notice to quit must be absolute. Ayres v. Draper, 11 Mo. 548. It must equally remain so and be currently capable of enforcement by legal action at all times after its fixed effective date, unless the parties mutually have unequivocally extended its application. It will be noted that the landlord’s communication in the present case did not even refer to the notice, but merely made a specific extension of the tenancy and stated that possession would be taken of the property “on the morning of January 3rd, 1940”. The extension was not “signed by the parties thereto, or their agents”, and hence, under section 2971, Mo.R.S.A., the granting of the additional month’s occupancy was merely legally equivalent to the creation of another month to month tenancy, which itself required one month’s notice in writing before the tenant’s possession could be claimed to be unlawful. The declaration in the letter of December 15, 1939, of an intention to take possession of the property on January 3, 1940, was not such a one month’s notice.
Appellant argues that, under section 2970, Mo.R.S.A., which provides that, where a tenancy has once been terminated by proper notice, “in any suit thereafter between said parties, oral testimony shall not be admissible to vary, alter or abrogate, the effect of the notice required and given * * * but such notice may be varied, altered or abrogated only by written evidence thereof and bearing an actual date subsequent to the date of the notice * * * ”, the circumstances discussed above could not themselves be recognized as competent evidence of a revocation of the notice. But the landlord’s letter of December 15, 1939, extending the tenancy, and the tenant’s check, admittedly accepted in payment of the December rent, would clearly constitute competent written evidence, within the intendment of this statute, to establish a revocation or abrogation of the notice by operation of law for any purpose.
For informational purposes, it may be added that the action here involved was one to recover rent on the regular basis, for the period from January to August, 1940, when the tenant finally vacated the property — the landlord during that period having refused to accept the tenant’s monthly tendered checks; to recover also double rent for the alleged wrongful occupancy on the basis of the specific terms of the previous tenancy; to recover, in addition, special damages which it was claimed the landlord sustained in the way of extra expense by reason of not being able to obtain possession of the property for its own business purposes; and finally to recover exemplary damages on the ground that the tenant’s actions had been wilful and wanton. The trial court instructed the jury to return a verdict for the amount only of the regular rent accruing during the period involved. Whether the landlord would legally have been entitled to recover double rent, special damages and exemplary damages, or some of them, if the tenant’s possession had been wrongful, there is no occasion for us to consider. The tenant’s possession here was not wrongful, since the notice to quit had been revoked as a matter of law.
The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1