What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals. Your task is to identify what party initiated the appeal. For cases with cross appeals or multiple docket numbers, if the opinion does not explicitly indicate which appeal was filed first, assumes that the first litigant listed as the "appellant" or "petitioner" was the first to file the appeal. In federal habeas corpus petitions, consider the prisoner to be the plaintiff.

Opinion:
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Paul G. KOPOLSKY, Appellant.
No. 1020, Docket 71-1251.
United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.
Argued July 1, 1971.
Decided July 6, 1971.
Frederick H. Block, New York City, for appellant.
Arthur A. Munisteri, Asst. U. S. Atty., Whitney North Seymour, Jr., U. S. Atty., for the Southern District of New York, Howard Wilson, Asst. U. S. Atty., on the brief, for appellee.
Before FEINBERG and MANSFIELD, Circuit Judges, and BARTELS, District Judge.
Of the Eastern District of New York, sitting by designation.
PER CURIAM:
Paul G. Kopolsky appeals from judgment of conviction of perjury, 18 U.S.C. § 1621. We have considered appellant’s brief and argument on appeal and have reviewed the record, and we find no error. Judgment affirmed.

Question: What party initiated the appeal?

Choices:
Original plaintiff
Original defendant
Federal agency representing plaintiff
Federal agency representing defendant
Intervenor
Not applicable
Not ascertained

Answer: 1