What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
John F. CIEMPA, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Andrew E. CONFORTI, and Dorothy Drewniak, Defendants-Appellees.
No. 74-1339.
United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.
Argued Dec. 2, 1974.
Decided Dec. 9, 1974.
W. Wright Danenbarger, Manchester, N. H., with whom Wiggin, Nourie, Sun-deen, Pingree & Bigg, Manchester, N. H., for plaintiff-appellant.
Clifford J. Ross, Manchester City Sol., for defendants-appellees.
Before COFFIN, Chief Judge, ALD-RICH and CAMPBELL, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
This is an action brought pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1343 and 42 U.S.C. § 1983 by a prospective, and eventually unsuccessful, candidate for the New Hampshire legislature, alleging that the practices adopted in the ward in which he was running deprived him of due process. The complaint sought an injunction. The court held an evidentiary hearing, and then dismissed the complaint, both for failure to state a cause of action, and on the basis of the facts found. In light of the broad allegations of the complaint we might have some question as to the propriety of the first of these rulings, but we sustain the second.
It appeared that the plaintiff was running against a candidate who, at the time, was the Ward Clerk. The Moderator in charge of the election had a standing rule that candidates must stay beyond the door of the polling place, except when voting, but there was a further exception, and the cause of this dispute: the Ward Clerk is expected to work inside the polling place, even if a candidate. The court found,
“As Ward Clerk, Mrs. Drewniak spends all of Election Day in the polling place working under the direction of the Moderator. Her main tasks are to check off absentee ballots and to determine, by telephoning the City Clerk’s office, whether or not people who are not on the checklist should have been placed on the checklist for Ward 6. She has nothing to do with voting and has nothing to do with the checklist. She is not seated so that she has access to any voters prior to the time that they actually vote. She can, however, be seen by voters as they proceed by the checklist to the voting machines. She does not and, of course, could not do any electioneering in the polling place, but she does say hello to friends and neighbors or wave to them.”
Strictly, under these circumstances, greeting by speaking, waving, and presumably smiling, may be thought a mild form of electioneering. At the same time one could hardly expect a candidate who is spoken to, or waved to, not to respond. To ignore the greeter would be electioneering in reverse.
We must feel that perfection would dictate that the candidate not be in the polling place at all, or, at least, not be stationed where voters could see her before they had voted. We do not conceive our duty, however, to require us to supervise state elections to that degree. There are no racial overtones in this case, no deliberate discrimination, and no electioneering beyond the minimum involved in the carrying out of the candidate’s regular activities implicit in her current office. There are various ways in which individuals already in office have, or may be thought to have, certain minor advantages. That does not automatically make a federal case.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1