What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "fiduciaries". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
In the Matter of FOUR SEASONS NURSING CENTERS OF AMERICA, INC., and Four Seasons Franchise Centers, Inc.
No. 72-1475.
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit.
Dec. 19, 1972.
E. W. Keller, Oklahoma City, Okl. (Jackie L. Ashurst and Preston, Thor-grimson, Starin, Ellis & Holman, Seattle, Wash., on the brief), for Valley Building Corp. and Lambuth, Sill & Sprague, Inc., respondents-appellants.
Donald R. Wilson, Oklahoma City, Okl. (John A. Johnson, Oklahoma City, Okl., on the brief), for James R. Tolbert, III, Reorganization Trustee, appellee.
Before BREITENSTEIN, HOLLOWAY and DOYLE, Circuit Judges.
BREITENSTEIN, Circuit Judge.
In this appeal we are concerned with a Chapter X reorganization affecting Four Seasons Franchise Centers, Inc. The district court in summary proceedings ordered respondents Valley Building Corporation and Lambuth, Sill & Sprague, Inc., to turn over to the trustee $5,000 which they had received from an escrow agent.
In February, 1970, Franchise executed an “Earnest Money Receipt and Agreement” relating to its purchase of property in King County, Washington. Valley was the seller and Lambuth the broker. In March, 1970, Franchise and the seller executed an escrow instruction agreement whereby the $5,000 was turned over to Northern Bonded Escrows, Inc., which is not a party to this appeal. The trial court treated the first agreement as controlling and the respondents do not here object.
The earnest money agreement provided that the property was to be free of encumbrances or defects and that the seller was to provide title insurance. If the title was not insurable and could not be made insurable by the termination date, the earnest money was to be refunded and all rights of the purchaser ended. The termination date was fixed at 120 days from the date of acceptance by the seller. June 17, 1970, was the last possible termination date.
The Chapter X petition of Franchise was filed and approved on August 12, 1970. The escrow agent paid the $5,000 to Valley and Lambuth on April 23, 1971. The application for a turnover order was filed by the trustee on March 22, 1972, and on the same day the court entered a restraining order and an order to show cause. The seller and broker filed a special appearance attacking the jurisdiction of the court and supported it by two affidavits. The allegations and supporting statements are that the transactions occurred in Seattle, Washington, that Valley and Lambuth are Washington corporations, that they had no Oklahoma contacts, that they had performed, that Franchise had not performed, and that under the earnest money agreement the $5,000 was forfeited and had been turned over to them.
At a hearing before the court, respondents presented no evidence. The trustee, over objections, presented a title report which showed encumbrances against the property. For reasons to be developed later we find it unnecessary to determine the validity of the objections.
The question is whether the court could order the turnover in summary proceedings. The claim of the respondents is that recovery can be had by the trustee only in plenary proceedings. In a Chapter X reorganization the court in which the petition is filed has “exclusive jurisdiction of the debtor and its property, wherever located.” 11 U.S.C. § 511. The controlling date is that of filing the reorganization petition. 6 Collier on Bankruptcy, 14th ed., ¶ 3.04 [1], p. 426.
A bankruptcy court may not summarily adjudicate a controversy over property held adversely to the bankrupt estate, under a substantial claim of right, without consent of the adverse claimant. Harrison v. Chamberlin, 271 U.S. 191, 193, 46 S.Ct. 467, 70 L.Ed. 897. See also 2 Collier on Bankruptcy, 14th ed., ¶ 23.07 [2], pp. 524, 528; and Cline v. Kaplan, 323 U.S. 97, 99, 65 S.Ct. 67, 89 L.Ed. 558. This rule is applicable to proceedings under Chapter X. See Thompson v. Terminal Shares, Inc., 8 Cir., 104 F.2d 1, 5, cert. denied 308 U.S. 559, 60 S.Ct. 100, 84 L.Ed. 470, a case involving § 77, the predecessor of Chapter X.
Respondents say that their claim is substantial because of performance and possession by them. Neither in their special appearance nor in their supporting affidavits did the respondents assert the delivery or tender of the title policy required by the earnest money receipt. At the evidentiary hearing, respondents offered no proof with regard thereto. We are left with nothing more than conclusory statements of performance, and that is not enough. See 2 Collier on Bankruptcy, 14th ed., ¶ 23.07, p. 522, and In re American National Trust, 7 Cir., 426 F.2d 1059, 1065. Respondents’ reliance on the last cited case is misplaced. We have no quarrel with the principles there stated. In that case the trustee claimed in summary proceedings earnest money held by one who had proceeded with the performance of an executory contract and the court held that the claim was substantial and must be determined in plenary proceedings. 426 F.2d at 1064-1066. In the case at bar the respondents were given a hearing at which they could have supported their claim of performance, and they did not do so.
The claim of possession has no merit. Respondents received the $5,000 from the escrow agent many months after the filing of the reorganization petition. At that date the escrow agent had possession, and, absent performance by the respondents, it was bound to repay the money to Franchise. Indeed, Franchise had constructive possession because under the earnest money agreement it was entitled to repayment if the respondents did not perform by the termination date, which had passed before the filing of the reorganization petition. When the petition was filed constructive possession passed to the trustee.
The record fails to show either that the respondents were entitled to the money or that they had possession thereof when the reorganization petition was filed. In the circumstances we need not consider whether the title report offered by the trustee was admissible in evidence. The respondents’ claim was merely colorable because it had no justification in law or in fact. Hence, a plenary action was not necessary and the trial court properly proceeded to make summary disposition. See Fitzgerald v. W. F. Sebel Co., Inc., 10 Cir., 295 F.2d 654, 656-657.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "fiduciaries"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1