What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
ATLANTA INTERNATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. YELLOW CAB COMPANY, INC., Defendant-Appellant.
No. 91-1610.
United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit.
Argued Dec. 4, 1991.
Decided May 5, 1992.
Rehearing Denied June 26, 1992;
Motion to Stay Mandate and Vacate Denial of Petition for Rehearing Denied Aug. 11, 1992.
Robert M. Chemers, Scott 0. Reed and Robert J. Franco (argued), Pretzel & Stouf-fer, Chicago, Ill., for plaintiff-appellee.
Alvin R. Becker (argued) and Joel M. Horwich, Beerman, Swerdlove, Woloshin, Barezky & Berkson, Chicago, Ill., for defendant-appellant.
Before WOOD, Jr. and CUDAHY, Circuit Judges, and GRANT,- Senior District Judge.
Judge Harlington Wood, Jr., assumed senior status on January 16, 1992, after this case was argued before the court.
Honorable Robert A. Grant, Senior District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Indiana, sitting by designation.
CUDAHY, Circuit Judge.
Atlanta International Insurance Company (Atlanta) brought this diversity action against Yellow Cab Company, Inc. (Yellow) seeking a declaration of the rights of the parties under an excess insurance policy issued to Yellow by Atlanta. Atlanta claims that it has no duty to provide excess coverage to Yellow for a judgment obtained against Yellow by one Edward Watson because Yellow breached the notice provision of the policy. The district court agreed and granted summary judgment for Atlanta. We affirm.
I.
Yellow is covered for liability up to $400,-000 under two policies issued by American Country Insurance Company (American). Yellow’s policy with Atlanta provides coverage for claims exceeding the $400,000 limit of the combined American policies. The excess insurance policy issued by Atlanta contains the following provision regarding notice:
The insured shall immediately advise the Company of any accident or occurrence which appears likely to result in liability under this Policy and of subsequent developments likely to affect the Company’s liability hereunder.
While these policies were in effect, one of Yellow’s cabs was involved in a collision with a motorcycle driven by Edward Watson, who sustained serious injuries to his left leg. Yellow immediately notified American, which undertook an apparently thorough investigation of the accident. Four months later, Watson filed a lawsuit against both the cab driver and Yellow seeking $500,000 in damages. Despite the amount of the ad damnum, Yellow and American concluded that Yellow’s liability to Watson would not penetrate the excess insurance layer provided by Atlanta. Therefore, Yellow did not notify Atlanta of either the accident or the filing of the lawsuit.
Prior to and during the. course of the trial, Watson offered several times to settle the case for less than $400,000, but American (which controlled the case under the terms of Yellow’s policy) refused. The jury returned a verdict in favor of Watson for just over $700,000. Yellow paid the excess over $400,000, then notified Atlanta and requested reimbursement. Atlanta refused on the ground that Yellow had breached the notice condition of the policy and brought this action seeking a declaratory judgment to that effect.
The district court found that Watson’s complaint asking for $500,000 in damages “informed Yellow that there was a sufficient likelihood of penetration of the excess coverage to require notification of Atlanta.” Slip op. at 6,1991 WL 4428. Yellow’s failure to notify Atlanta upon receipt of the complaint thus constituted a breach of the policy’s notice provision. The district court also found no factual dispute that Atlanta had been prejudiced by the late notice because it had been unable to take advantage of opportunities to settle the case for an amount well under the limits of the primary coverage. Accordingly, the court granted summary judgment in favor of Atlanta.
We review the district court’s grant of summary judgment de novo. Karazanos v. Navistar Int’l Transp. Corp., 948 F.2d 332, 335 (7th Cir.1991). Summary judgment is appropriate only if, taking all facts in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, we conclude that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Lohorn v. Michal, 913 F.2d 327, 331 (7th Cir.1990).
II.
No Illinois court has specifically addressed the question whether an ad damnum amount exceeding an insured’s primary coverage requires the insured to notify its excess insurer under an “appears likely” notification provision. However, Yellow contends that a recent Illinois appellate decision, Atlanta Int’l Ins. Co. v. Checker Taxi, 214 Ill.App.3d 440, 158 Ill.Dec. 228, 574 N.E.2d 22 (1991), is sufficiently close to be dispositive of this case. We examine that decision in some detail.
The facts of Checker Taxi are, up to a point, quite similar to those of the case at bar. Checker Taxi Company, Inc. (Checker) had a policy of excess insurance with Atlanta (the same Atlanta as in this case), which covered Checker for liability over $400,000. The policy contained a notice provision identical to the one at issue here. During the period covered by this policy, one of Checker’s cab drivers was involved in an accident in which a mother of two young children was killed. Checker notified its primary insurance carrier, which investigated the accident and concluded that Checker’s driver had probably not been at fault. Based on that conclusion, Checker decided not to notify Atlanta of the accident. Three weeks after the accident, the decedent’s estate filed a wrongful death action against Checker, seeking damages in excess of the jurisdictional minimum of $15,000. Checker did not notify Atlanta of the suit until almost two years later, following a pre-trial conference at which the plaintiffs attorneys presented a settlement demand of $1.5 million. Atlanta filed a declaratory judgment action against Checker seeking a determination that it had no duty to cover any excess losses arising out of the accident because Checker had breached the notice provision. The appellate court reversed the trial court’s grant of summary judgment for the insurer, finding that Checker’s notice was timely under the policy.
According to Yellow, Checker Taxi holds that when an excess insurance policy requires notice to the insurer only when it “appears likely” to the insured that an occurrence will implicate the excess coverage, the “appearance of likeliness” is measured solely by the excess insured’s investigation and evaluation of the claim. That evaluation, if reasonable, will be conclusive on the insurer. Further, Yellow argues, the facts of Checker Taxi are so close to the facts of this case that we must find Yellow’s evaluation of Watson’s claim to have been reasonable as a matter of law.
We disagree with Yellow’s reading of Checker Taxi. The Checker Taxi court stated that the “key question” in the case was the following: “At what point should Checker reasonably have known that its excess insurance coverage would be implicated?” 158 Ill.Dec. at 231, 574 N.E.2d at 25. In the case at bar the district court has already answered that question: “Yellow’s receipt of the complaint seeking damages that would penetrate the excess coverage ... informed Yellow that there was a sufficient likelihood of penetration of the excess coverage to require notification of Atlanta.” Slip op. at 6, 1991 WL 4428. In other words, Yellow not only should have known that its excess insurance coverage might be implicated, it in fact did know. Therefore, it should have notified Atlanta upon receipt of the complaint.
Nothing in Checker Taxi persuades us to reach a different conclusion. In Checker Taxi, the only basis on which the insured could determine at the time the lawsuit was filed whether or not its excess coverage would be implicated was its own investigation and evaluation of the claim. By contrast, Yellow had not only its own evaluation, but also that of the plaintiff, in the form of the ad damnum. Checker had no information analogous to the ad damnum in the present case until Checker received a settlement demand that exceeded the amount of its primary coverage, at which time it notified its excess insurers of the suit against it. In fact, the Checker Taxi court suggested that if Checker had not informed Atlanta at that point then its action might have been unreasonable:
[Njeither occurrence of the accident nor the filing of the wrongful death action ... triggered an absolute duty at that time to give notice of potential claim under the excess policy. The results of the pre-trial conference, however, changed the picture and Checker realized that notice to its excess insurance carriers was necessary.
158 Ill.Dec. at 231, 574 N.E.2d at 26 (emphasis added). Similarly, whatever Yellow’s initial evaluation of the damages to Watson, the ad damnum requesting damages in excess of the amount of Yellow’s primary coverage “changed the picture” and made notice to Atlanta necessary.
This conclusion is supported by another Illinois appellate decision, Brownlee v. Western Chain Co., 74 Ill.App.3d 804, 30 Ill.Dec. 479, 393 N.E.2d 515 (1979), on which the Checker Taxi court relied. In Brownlee, Midland Insurance Company (Midland) had issued to Western Chain Company (Western) an excess insurance policy that included the following notice provision: “Whenever the Insured has information from which the Insured may reasonably conclude that an occurrence covered hereunder involves injuries or damages which ... is [sic] likely to involve this policy, notice shall be sent to [Insurer] as soon as practicable.” Id., 30 Ill.Dec. at 480, 393 N.E.2d at 516. Western’s president received a summons informing him that suit had been filed against Western in another jurisdiction without stating the amount demanded. As it turned out, the ad dam-num was in excess of Western’s primary coverage, a fact that Western could easily have discovered. Western, however, took no action whatsoever, and did not inform Midland of the suit until after a default judgment had been entered for the amount of the ad damnum.
The Illinois appellate court held that Western had not breached the notice provision. The court found that the provision referred to the actual knowledge of the insured, and concluded that “[h]ere, ... actual knowledge of the ad damnum was not disclosed by the ... summons and ... the summons itself was insufficient, in itself, to raise the specter of excess liability.” Id., 30 Ill.Dec. at 484, 393 N.E.2d at 520. The clear implication is that, had Western been aware of the ad damnum in the complaint, Western would have had actual knowledge that the occurrence was “likely to involve” the excess insurance policy. Western would therefore have been required to notify Midland under the terms of the policy. Yellow clearly was aware of the ad damnum in Watson’s complaint. The district court did not err in holding that Yellow was therefore required to notify Atlanta under the terms of its excess insurance policy.
III.
The parties argue at some length about whether an excess insurer is required to show that it was prejudiced by its insured’s breach of a notice provision in order to avoid liability. We need not reach this issue, however, because the district court found no factual dispute that Atlanta had been prejudiced by Yellow’s late notice, and Yellow presents no basis for finding such a dispute on appeal.
IV.
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the district court is Affirmed.
. The parties agree that Illinois law governs this case.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1