What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the respondent is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
In re GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS, Bernard Shane, Witness, Preston Komins, Witness, Arthur Barrett, Witness, (Grand Jury of 1/20/69—Judge Clary) Sandra Hale Levinson, Witness, Nathan H. Schwerner, Witness, Sandra Hale Levinson and Nathan H. Schwerner, Appellants.
No. 18317.
United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.
Argued Dec. 5, 1969.
Decided March 3, 1970.
Henry W. Sawyer, III, Drinker, Biddle & Reath, Philadelphia, Pa., for appellants.
Brandon Alvey, Sp. Atty., U. S. Dept, of Justice, Washington, D.C., for appellee.
Before GANEY, SEITZ and ALDI-SERT, Circuit Judges.
OPINION OF THE COURT
PER CURIAM.
This is an appeal from an order of the district court denying a motion to quash a subpoena duces tecum.
An advertisement was placed in the New York Times by a group denominated as the International Committee to Defend Eldridge Cleaver. The advertisement solicited support and money for the legal defense of Cleaver. As part of a grand jury investigation of possible mail fraud violations, a subpoena duces tecum was served on the appellant Levinson as Chairman and the appellant Schwerner as Treasurer of the Committee. The appellants filed with the district court a document labeled a motion to quash in which they prayed that the court quash those portions of the subpoenas requiring production of any documents tending to reveal the names of any contributors, associates or collaborators (other than paid employees of the Committee) and issue an order restricting the scope of the interrogation to the same extent. The district court entered an order without opinion denying the motion. This appeal followed and a stay was granted pending its determination.
The Government challenges the appealability of the order denying the motion to quash. However, at the argument on appeal, the Government, in effect, stated that it would modify its subpoena to the extent requested in appellants’ motion to quash. In these circumstances we need not resolve the appealability issue because we think the appeal is moot and should be dismissed on that ground.
Appellants contend that the appeal is not moot because they also orally requested the district court to stop all grand jury proceedings by the Government until a showing of probable cause of mail fraud was made to a judge, ex parte. This application, which in our view amounted to a request for an injunction, was never properly formalized in the manner contemplated by the rules of civil procedure. Moreover, the district court order here appealed does not address itself to any such application but merely denies the motion to quash. On this record we can neither say that the district court was required to rule on appellants’ oral application nor that it did rule on it. It follows that the subject matter of the oral application is not within the scope of this appeal.
The appeal will be dismissed on the ground of mootness.

Question: What is the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1