What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
MARTIN v. PENNSYLVANIA R. CO.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.
February 14, 1930.
No. 5289.
Deeds & Cole, of Toledo, Ohio, for appellant.
Praser, Hiett, Wall & Effler, of Toledo, Ohio, for appellee.
Before DENISON, MOORMAN, and HICKS, Circuit Judges.
HICKS, Circuit Judge.
Appeal from a judgment sustaining a demurrer to and dismissing plaintiff’s fourth amended petition. After condensing and yet retaining the substance of this prolix and beclouded petition, it avers that the defendant operated a double-track railroad through Gibsonburg, Ohio; that in that village the railroad intersected Madison street; that the defendant maintained a watchman’s shanty at this intersection and a few feet from the west side of the track; that decedent had been, a watchman there; that prior to September 4, 1925, the date of his death, decedent had temporarily discontinued Ms work but with an agreement and understanding with defendant’s officer and agent having control of its watchmen that decedent would resume on or near that date; that during the interval decedent had been awaiting information as to when and where he should resume; that about the time he discontinued work the defendant through an agent having charge and control of its watchmen stated to Mm that he (the agent) would inform the watchman at the shanty when and where decedent should resume work; that said agent requested decedent to call upon the watchman at the shanty for these instructions; that defendant had authorized the watchman to employ decedent and that it had been the practice and custom for the said watchman to employ watchmen, including decedent; that frequently, following this custom and with the knowledge and consent of defendant, said watchman would employ substitute watchmen for temporary duty, wMeh substitute would be paid sometimes by the regular watchman and sometimes by the defendant.
The petition further avers that while decedent, pursuant to said invitation, was conferring with said employee of defendant, defendant operated a freight train over the west track; that a certain tank ear in said train was defective and unsafe in that its drawbars were weak, loose, and insecurely fastened; that the transverse member of the underframe of the car and the sill to which the drawbars were attached were weak, broken, and defective; that the parts of the drawbars holding them in place were broken, rusty, corroded, worn, and loose, all of which was known, to defendant or should have been known in the exercise of ordinary prudenee; that when this tank ear was, in the movement of the train, opposite decedent and the shanty, the drawbars, on account of said defects, came loose1, fell to the roadbed, and caused a derailment resulting in a collision with the shanty and the death of decedent.
The petition further avers that the public generally had frequented this shanty and the adjacent premises openly and notoriously for a number of years and had used the premises as a. walkway, and that decedent and other employees were accustomed to visit said premises to receive information and instructions from the watehman there relative to their employment, all of which defendant knew or should have known.
"We think these averments when tested by Ohio General Code, § 11345, requiring pleadings to be liberally construed with a view to substantial justice', state a sufficient cause of action upon the principle1 that one who invites another to come upon his premises, especially in connection with a matter of interest to one or both parties, owes the invitee the duty to exercise ordinary care to keep the premises reasonably safe for the purpose of the visit and to abstain from any act which might endanger his safety. We cannot say that the claim of invitation should be rejected as a mere conclusion of law, and so that this fourth amended petition absolutely omits allegations of a sufficient cause of action. Section 11309, Ohio, Gen. Code; Travelers’ Ins. Co. v. Great Lakes Engineering W. Co., 184 F. 426-429; 36 L. R. A. (N. S.) 60 (C. C. A. 6), and cases cited.. Whatever defect the petition carries is found in its elements of uncertainty and indefiniteness. As illustrative, the petition leaves it somewhat doubtful whether the decedent went to the shanty by direct order or invitation or pursuant to recognized practice and as to whether the watchman at the shanty was empowered by direct authority or by a custom long acquiesced in, to re-employ decedent. There is also a question, if it should become material, whether the point where decedent met his death was upon the premises of the defendant at the shanty or at a place near the shanty made public by a long-continued and tolerated custom of employees to gather there.
However, objections for uncertainty and indefiniteness must be raised by a motion and not by demurrer. Travelers’ Ins. Co. v. Great Lakes Engineering W. Co., supra; Everett v. Waymire, 30 Ohio St. 308; Valley Ry. Co. v. West Co., 46 Ohio St. 44, 18 N. E. 486, 1 L. R. A. 412; see also Union Bank at Massillon v. Bell, 14 Ohio St. 200; Schrock v. Cleveland, 29 Ohio St. 499. If sufficient averments are not lacking, demurrer will not lie because they may somewhat reflect the difficulty plaintiff may encounter in proving his case.
The judgment is reversed, and the case remanded for further and consistent proceedings.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0