What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
Stacy A. DOBSON, Appellant, v. Dale C. CAMERON, Superintendent, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Appellee. Ronald STULTZ, Appellant, v. Dale C. CAMERON, Superintendent, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Appellee.
Nos. 20573, 20576.
United States Court of Appeals District of Columbia Circuit
Argued June 21, 1967.
Decided Sept. 1, 1967.
Mr. Michael Gottesman, Washington, D. C., with whom Mr. Charles Halpern, Washington, D. C. (both appointed by this court) was on the brief, for appellants. Mr. George H. Cohen, Washington, D. C. (appointed by this court) also entered an appearance for appellants.
Mr. Thomas Lumbard, Asst. U. S. Atty., with whom Messrs. David G. Bress, U. S. Atty., Frank Q. Nebeker and William M. Cohen, Asst. U. S. Attys., were on the brief, for appellee.
Before Bazelon, Chief Judge, and Danaher, Burger, Wright, McGowan, Tamm, Leventhal and Robinson, Circuit Judges, sitting en banc.
PER CURIAM:
Appellants in these two cases are patients at St. Elizabeths under civil commitment. Each appeals from a dismissal by the District Court, after hearing, of his habeas corpus petition. We reverse and remand in each case for a new hearing before a different judge.
No. 20,573
Appellant Dobson, in addition to claiming eligibility for immediate release^ — a question which was heard and decided adversely to him — raised a variety of other issues. The trial court did not regard any of these as justiciable. Since one of them was an alleged denial of the right to treatment, reversal and remand for a new hearing is required in any event. 21 D.C.Code § 562 (Supp. V., 1966); and see Rouse v. Cameron, 125 U.S.App.D.C. 366, 373 F.2d 451 (1966).
In such new hearing, we regard the issue of eligibility for release as also open for a fresh inquiry and determination, since we are not satisfied that its resolution was founded upon an adequate hearing. We do not address ourselves specifically to the matters referred to in Note 1, supra, since we are content to leave their disposition to the judge presiding at the new trial. We note only that some of them would appear to be intimately related to, and perhaps a part of, the central issue of the adequacy of treatment; and that, to the extent this is so, they are inevitably implicated in the trial of that issue.
It has been urged upon us in this appeal that the habeas corpus petition should not have been entertained at all, much less made the occasion of a hearing, because appellant did not first pursue the administrative remedy which Congress has expressly provided in 21 D.C. Code § 546 (Supp. V., 1966). This court has heretofore indicated its belief that such administrative procedures as are available should normally be exhausted before resort is had to the courts. We reaffirm that belief most vigorously in this context of a civil commitment in respect of which there can be no question as to the Congressional purpose to afford an administrative avenue of relief as a preface to judicial consideration. The record before us is, however, unclear as to exactly wha.t has happened in respect of the raising of this issue in the District Court or what the considerations are in respect of the withholding of judicial intervention at this advanced date in the history of this ease. We have concluded, therefore, to leave the parties free on remand to take such action and to make such contentions on this point as they deem fit; and the District Court will, as it should be entitled to do, deal with the matter in the first instance.
No. 20,576
In his pro se petition, appellant Stultz asserted only that he was being improperly held in the maximum security ward and should be tranferred to another place within the hospital. This issue, which the trial judge had not regarded as justiciable in Dobson, was nevertheless made the subject of an evidentiary hearing which ended with a ruling by the judge that, even though he had no jurisdiction, he would deny the relief sought on the merits. Being unconvinced that, under these circumstances, there has been a meaningful hearing and resolution of the claim advanced, we reverse and remand for a new hearing.
On appeal it was alleged for the first time that there had been a denial of appellant’s right to treatment. 21 D.C. Code § 546 (Supp. V., 1966); and see Rouse v. Cameron, 125 U.S.App.D.C. 366, 373 F.2d 451 (1966). Our remand contemplates that this issue may be raised in the District Court if appellant so elects. With respect to the exhaustion of administrative remedies, we note that appellee’s return to the writ appears to have raised this question, but that the writ was nonetheless directed to issue. We have suggested above in Dobson the substantiality we attribute to this question ; and, as in our remand in that case, we direct that the parties shall be free upon this remand to take such action as they deem fit with respect to this issue, with the court making such disposition of it as it thinks warranted in the circumstances which obtain here.
* * *
The judgments are reversed and the eases remanded for further proceedings consistent herewith.
It is so ordered.
. The other issues included, in addition to treatment, alleged failures by appellee to discharge statutory obligations to keep records and to accord appellant proper communication with the outside world by telephone and mail; and they also extended to alleged non-statutory claims of undue restrictions of liberty, such as improper retention in the maximum security ward, arbitrary limitations upon visiting privileges, and unreasonable refusals to permit appellant to work outside the institution during the day.
. In Rouse v. Cameron, supra, we said as follows:
This requirement [the right to treatment] also suggests the appropriateness of administrative procedures for considering complaints alleging lack of treatment. These procedures would not only provide the Hospital an opportunity to afford a remedy, but would also provide a record which might assist in the disposition of any resulting litigation. And given “adequate and available” administrative procedures, it might be argued, although we do not decide, that the doctrines of primary jurisdiction and exhaustion of remedies would apply. See, e. g., Myers v. Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., 303 U.S. 41, 50-52 [58 S.Ct. 459, 82 L.Ed. 638] (1938); Sohm v. Fowler, 124 U.S.App. D.C. 382, 365 F.2d 915, decided June 16, 1966.
125 U.S.App.D.C. at 371, 373 F.2d at 456 n. 22.
. Because appellant Stultz appears to be complaining only of inadequate treatment (including detention in the maximum security ward) and not of his continuing hospitalization, it has been suggested that the administrative remedy of 21 D.C.Code § 546 is not available to him since it is directed in terms to the alternatives of immediate release and continued commitment. We do not now decide what the precise scope of the statute may be, inasmuch as the District Court should do that in the first instance on the basis of the contentions made to it and in the light of the facts of record before it. We note only that where, as in Dobson, release is sought simultaneously with treatment and other rights which assume continued confinement, these latter become moot if release is administratively forthcoming; and that, accordingly, it would be appropriate for a court at least to stay its consideration of these matters until exhaustion of the administrative remedy. We note also that a person situated as was Stultz might conceivably bring himself within § 546 by claiming entitlement to release unless his other rights are recognized. The objectives which Congress sought to serve by § 546 would ordinarily be farthest advanced by according to that statute a reading consistent in breadth with those objectives.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1