What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
When coding the detailed nature of participants, use your personal knowledge about the participants, if you are completely confident of the accuracy of your knowledge, even if the specific information is not in the opinion. For example, if "IBM" is listed as the appellant it could be classified as "clearly national or international in scope" even if the opinion did not indicate the scope of the business. 

Your task concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "natural person (excludes persons named in their official capacity or who appear because of a role in a private organization)". Your task is to determine which of these categories best describes the income of the litigant. Consider the following categories: "not ascertained", "poor + wards of state" (e.g., patients at state mental hospital; not prisoner unless specific indication that poor), "presumed poor" (e.g., migrant farm worker), "presumed wealthy" (e.g., high status job - like medical doctors, executives of corporations that are national in scope, professional athletes in the NBA or NFL; upper 1/5 of income bracket), "clear indication of wealth in opinion", "other - above poverty line but not clearly wealthy" (e.g., public school teachers, federal government employees)." Note that "poor" means below the federal poverty line; e.g., welfare or food stamp recipients. There must be some specific indication in the opinion that you can point to before anyone is classified anything other than "not ascertained". Prisoners filing "pro se" were classified as poor, but litigants in civil cases who proceed pro se were not presumed to be poor. Wealth obtained from the crime at issue in a criminal case was not counted when determining the wealth of the criminal defendant (e.g., drug dealers).

Opinion:
UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. John RUPPEL, Defendant-Appellant.
No. 83-2380
Summary Calendar.
United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit.
Feb. 9, 1984.
Rehearing and Rehearing En Banc Denied March 7, 1984.
Robert W. Ritchie, Richard A. Hamra, II, Knoxville, Tenn., for defendant-appellant.
Robert J. Wortham, U.S. Atty., Beaumont, Tex., Sidney M'. Glazer, Acting Chief, Robert J. Erickson, Deputy Chief, Appellate Section, Crim. Div., U.S. Dept, of Justice, Washington, D.C., for plaintiff-appellee.
Before REAVLEY, RANDALL and WILLIAMS, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
John Ruppel was convicted in May 1980 of conspiring to violate the drug laws and of possession of marijuana with intent to distribute. 21 U.S.C. §§ 841, 846 (1976 & Supp.1981). Among the eight claims asserted in Ruppel’s direct appeal was that of prosecutorial vindictiveness. Ruppel argued that the Government violated due process when it reindicted him to bring the conspiracy and substantive drug charges after an earlier RICO indictment resulted in a mistrial because the jury was unable to reach a verdict. We affirmed Ruppel’s conviction. 666 F.2d 261 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 458 U.S. 1107, 102 S.Ct. 3487, 73 L.Ed.2d 1369 (1982). “Absent evidence of actual retaliation, mere reindictment after a mistrial due to a hung jury is insufficient to demonstrate the realistic likelihood of prosecutorial vindictiveness .... ” 666 F.2d at 267 (footnote omitted). Ruppel now challenges his conviction collaterally, 28 U.S.C. § 2255 (1976), raising as his sole ground the Supreme Court’s intervening decision in United States v. Goodwin, 457 U.S. 368, 102 S.Ct. 2485, 73 L.Ed.2d 74 (1982). See Davis v. United States, 417 U.S. 333, 94 S.Ct. 2298, 41 L.Ed.2d 109 (1974). The district court denied relief, and we affirm.
Ruppel reads Goodwin to establish that changes in the charging decision made after the initial trial presumptively result from improper prosecutorial motives. The Goodwin Court undoubtedly focused on the salient differences between pretrial and posttrial settings in determining whether a presumption of prosecutorial vindictiveness applied. 457 U.S. at 371, 102 S.Ct. at 2493. But Goodwin and every other prosecutorial vindictiveness decision since the doctrine was announced have been rooted in the proposition that one cannot be punished for exercise of a protected right. E.g., id. at 371, 102 S.Ct. at 2488; Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357, 362-64, 98 S.Ct. 663, 667-68, 54 L.Ed.2d 604 (1978); North Carolina v. Pearce, 395 U.S. 711, 723-24, 89 S.Ct. 2072, 2080, 23 L.Ed.2d 656 (1969). Appellant unmoors developing doctrine from this original principle by ignoring one crucial fact: the altered charge in his case cannot have resulted from any exercise of right on his part. His first trial mistried not because of any action of appellant, but because the jury was simply unable to reach a verdict.
This case therefore presents no possibility of vindictiveness because Ruppel made no move for which the Government’s decision to reindict can be seen as exacting retribution. Compare United States v. Thurnhuber, 572 F.2d 1307, 1309-11 (9th Cir.1977) (no vindictiveness in addition of counts after mistrial on hung jury) with United States v. Jamison, 164 U.S.App.D.C. 300, 505 F.2d 407, 415-16 (1974) (vindictiveness presumed from increased charges after trial court granted mistrial on defendant’s motion). But see United States v. Motley, 655 F.2d 186 (9th Cir.1981). The freedom of criminal defendants to exercise their legal rights is neither infringed nor chilled by the possibility that should the jury be unable to reach a verdict the prosecutor might “up the ante.” See United States v. Krezdorn, 718 F.2d 1360, 1365 (5th Cir.1983) (en banc). We find nothing in Goodwin to undermine our original decision that due process was not violated by reindictment in this case.
AFFIRMED.

Question: This question concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "natural person (excludes persons named in their official capacity or who appear because of a role in a private organization)". Which of these categories best describes the income of the litigant?

Choices:
not ascertained
poor + wards of state
presumed poor
presumed wealthy
clear indication of wealth in opinion
other - above poverty line but not clearly wealthy

Answer: 0