What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
GRANT et al. v. RICHARDSON, Superintendent of State Penitentiary of South Carolina, et al.
No. 4965.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
June 30,1942.
Harold R. Boulware, of Columbus, S. C., for appellants.
Robert McC. Figg, Jr., of Charleston, S. C. (John M. Daniel, Atty. Gen. of South Carolina, on the brief), for appellees.
Before PARKER, SOPER, and DOBIE, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
This is an appeal from an order denying a writ of habeas corpus. No certificate of probable cause as required by 28 U.S.C.A. § 466 was issued by the judge below; but the appeal was heard along with an application for such certificate addressed to the judges of this court. We are of opinion that both the appeal and the application are without merit.
Appellants were convicted and sentenced to death, for the crime of assault with intent to commit rape, by the Circuit Court of Berkeley County, South Carolina. After their conviction, questions with relation to the constitution of the grand jury which found the indictment and the petit jury which found the appellants guilty of the crime charged, as well as questions relating to the opportunity given the prisoners to secure counsel and the opportunity given counsel to prepare the case for trial, were fully considered on a motion for new trial. The motion for new trial was denied; and these questions were considered by the Supreme Court of South Carolina, together with questions raised on the trial, on an appeal in which the judgment of the lower court was affirmed. State v. Grant, 199 S. C. 412, 19 S.E.2d 638. Application for certiorari was made to the Supreme Court of the United States by a petition in which these questions were presented, and the application was denied by that court. Grant et al., Petitioners, v. State of South Carolina, 62 S.Ct. 942, 86 L.Ed.-. The petition for habeas corpus attempts to raise the same questions again and thus review the decision of the state court as to questions which the Supreme Court of the United States declined to review on application for certiorari. It is well settled that the writ of habeas corpus cannot be thus used as a writ of error. Woolsey v. Best, 299 U.S. 1, 57 S.Ct. 2, 81 L.Ed. 3.
It is alleged in the petition that there is reason to believe that appellant Grant is insane and has been in that condition for some time. No such defense was asserted upon the trial or upon the motion for new trial, and the allegation furnishes no ground for issuing the writ of habeas corpus. If he is now insane, this is a matter which should be called to the attention of the Governor of the State in an application for executive clemency or made the subject of an application to the courts of South Carolina for stay of sentence pursuant to rule 28 of the Supreme Court of that state. Certainly the State of South Carolina will not permit a death sentence to be executed upon an insane person; but this is a matter to be dealt with by the Governor or the state courts. It does not furnish ground for release by a federal court under a writ of habeas corpus.
For the reasons stated, the order denying the writ of habeas corpus will be affirmed.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 2