What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
When coding the detailed nature of participants, use your personal knowledge about the participants, if you are completely confident of the accuracy of your knowledge, even if the specific information is not in the opinion. For example, if "IBM" is listed as the appellant it could be classified as "clearly national or international in scope" even if the opinion did not indicate the scope of the business. 

Your task concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "private business (including criminal enterprises)". Your task is to determine what category of business best describes the area of activity of this litigant which is involved in this case.

Opinion:
In re REALTY ASSOCIATES SECURITIES CORPORATION.
No. 315, Docket 20277.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.
July 11, 1946.
Hooker, Alley & Duncan, of New York City (James B. Alley, of New York City, of counsel), for Realty Associates Securities Corporation, debtor.
Root, Ballantine, Harlan, Bushby & Palmer, of New York City (William P. Palmer, Irving L. Schanzer, and L. Robert Driver, Jr., all of New York City, of counsel), for appellant, Consolidated Realty Corporation.
Newman & Bisco, of New York City (Perry A. Hull, of New York City, of counsel), for appellant Manufacturers Trust Company and pro se.
Lewis, Marks & Kanter, of Brooklyn, N. Y. (Julius Silver, of New York City, Lloyd B. Kanter, of Brooklyn, N. Y., and Bernard D. Cahn, of Washington, D.C., of counsel), for Bondholders’ Protective Committee and for appellants Lewis, Marks & Kanter and Julius Silver.
Herrick & Feinstein, of Brooklyn, N. Y., pro se.
Percival E. Jackson, of New York City (Theodore N. Tarlau, of New York City, of counsel), pro se.
Joseph R. Margulies, of New York City, pro se and for appellees Ernestine Needles and others, bondholders.
Archibald Palmer, of New York City, pro se.
Before SWAN, CLARK, and FRANK, Circuit Judges.
FRANK, Circuit Judge.
1. We think the services for which the lower court allowed compensation were, as it held, rendered “in connection with the administration of an estate” (see § 242),- and were “beneficial in the administration of the estate” within the meaning of § 243. Tírese services surely were connected with the administration. Also, they were “beneficial” ; an estate, under Chapter X, is administered primarily for the creditors; and administration which aids in bringing about full payment of all creditors, while leaving the debtor with an equity, is patently beneficial to the estate.
Accordingly, we need not and do not consider these alternative suggestions: (a) The dismissal order was, in legal effect, approval of a plan, an approval brought about by the services in question, (b) Debtor’s motion for dismissal was a motion for leave to discontinue which the court could properly grant on condition that the debtor pay for those services, pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, rule 41, 28 U.S.C.A. following section 723c, and General Order No. 37, 11 U.S.C.A. following section 53.
2. The trial judge found the services not needlessly duplicative. As no abuse of discretion appears, we will not disturb his judgment.
3. The Bondholders’ Protective Committee and its counsel rest their appeal in large part on the failure to pay them for services rendered before the debtor filed its petition. As these services consisted chiefly of successful pre-petition efforts to induce bondholders not to accept debtor’s pre-petition proposal, we think they were not directly beneficial to the estate. In re Ulen & Co., 2 Cir., 130 F.2d 303. On the facts, we see no reason to disturb the judge’s conclusion as to the worth of the compensable services either of the committee or its counsel. There is more room for doubt about the amounts awarded for the services of Manufacturers Trust Company, the indenture trustee, and its counsel. Nevertheless, since the judge, in charge of the proceedings, was familiar, as we are not, with the actual work done and therefore far better able to appraise it than we can from mere study of the paper record, we are unwilling to disturb his conclusion.
Affirmed.
In not considering them, we are not to be understood as holding them without merit;
Although we need not and do not adopt it, we confess that we have much sympathy with the following suggestion made in the brief of Herrick and Feinstein, appellees: “Through the medium of the proceeding initiated by the Debtor, a solvent corporation which only required additional time to refinance its obligations, ' procured such time for a period of eighteen months. It is ridiculous to suppose, that having gained all the time it needed and having been afforded the protection of the court against the dissipation of its assets through forced liquidation, it should be relieved from the burden of paying the costs and expenses which would have been an obligation of the estate had further time been required and obtained through a proposed plan of reorganization.”
In re Long Island Properties, Inc., 2 Cir., 150 F.2d 313.

Question: This question concerns the first listed appellant. The nature of this litigant falls into the category "private business (including criminal enterprises)". What category of business best describes the area of activity of this litigant which is involved in this case?

Choices:
agriculture
mining
construction
manufacturing
transportation
trade
financial institution
utilities
other
unclear

Answer: 6