What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
WHIRLPOOL CORPORATION, a Delaware Corporation, Appellant, v. Leland S. MORSE and Arthur Kraniger, Jr., Co-partners Doing Business as Morse Tuckpointing Co., and Morse Tuckpointing Co., Inc., a Minnesota Corporation, Appellees.
No. 17524.
United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.
June 19, 1964.
James P. Miley, of Firestone, Fink, Krawetz, Miley & O’Neill, St. Paul, Minn., made argument for appellant and filed brief.
James H. Geraghty, of Altman, Geraghty & Mulally, St. Paul, Minn., made argument for appellees and filed brief.
Before VOGEL, MATTHES and RIDGE, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
Plaintiff-appellant brought this action against defendants-appellees, who were repair contractors doing work on property owned by appellant. By the action, appellant sought indemnification for, or contribution toward, a settlement it had made with one of the appellees’ employees. Appellees’ employee had brought suit against the appellant to recover money damages for injuries sustained in a fall on appellant’s premises, basing his claim on negligence. Prior to trial appellant or its liability insurance carrier made a compromise settlement with the employee in the amount of $40,000. It brought this suit against appellees to recover such sum, or a contribution thereto, plus $10,241.38 representing legal services and expenses incurred in preparing for and settling the suit against it.
This case was tried to the court without a jury and resulted in a judgment in favor of the appellees and against the appellant for costs and disbursements. In ordering judgment for the appellees, the District Court found that the appellant, as the property owner, had full apd complete knowledge and notice of the dangerous condition of its premises which resulted in the employee’s injury and specifically held that appellant’s negligence was the proximate cause of the employee’s fall and his injuries. It further held that the failure of the appellees, who had agreed to comply with all statutes and safety regulations of the State of Minnesota to assure that safety lines and other safety equipment were taken to the building and used by the employees, was not a proximate cause of the injuries and that appellant could recover on neither the theory of indemnity nor contribution between two joint tort feasors.
Appellant had also contended below that since appellees had offered to provide “complete insurance coverage”, it breached its contract in that its insurance policies did not contemplate defense of third parties against suits such as brought by appellees’ employee. The District Court concluded as a matter of law that appellees did not breach the contract in this regard and, in dismissing this argument, noted that prior to commencement of the repair operation appellant had requested to see appellees’ certificates of insurance and thus was then “cognizant of the [appellees’] precise insurance coverage”. Whirlpool brought this appeal, questioning the District Court’s findings and conclusions.
The District Court’s complete Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and detailed Memorandum Opinion are published in Whirlpool Corporation v. Morse, D.C. Minn., 1963, 222 F.Supp. 645. Judge Larson has, with infinite care, set forth the contentions of the parties, his findings and conclusions arrived at, and the Minnesota law by which the case was ruled. Because we are in complete accord with Judge Larson’s excellent published opinion, we find no reason for reiterating here that which he has so ably set forth. On the basis of that opinion, this case is affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1