What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
Your task is to determine or not there was any amicus participation before the court of appeals.

Opinion:
UNITED STATES of America v. Arthur L. JOHNSON, Appellant.
No. 15746.
United States Court of Appeals Third Circuit.
Submitted March 21, 1966.
Decided May 3, 1966.
Arthur L. Johnson, pro se.
David M. Satz, Jr., U. S. Atty., Wilbur H. Mathesius, Asst. U. S. Atty., Newark, N. J., for appellee.
Before KALODNER, Chief Judge, and McLAUGHLIN and HASTIE, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
This is an appeal from an Order of the District Court of New Jersey denying the appellant’s “Petition for Writ of Error Coram Nobis” which was treated as an application under Section 2255, Title 28, U.S.C.A., to vacate and set aside the sentence imposed following a plea of guilty on an indictment charging passing, possessing and uttering counterfeit money. The petition below was premised on the contention that the appellant was not advised of his right to counsel. The District Court found after hearing and consideration of the proceedings at the arraignment that the appellant “was fully apprised of his right to counsel and was, in fact, offered counsel by the presiding judge.” That finding is amply sustained.
The appellant for the first time here makes the further contention that he was induced to plead guilty by inducement of Government agents. With respect to that contention it need only be said that it is settled that “Questions cannot be presented on appeal that have not first been determined by the District Court, from which the appeal is taken.” Bush v. United States, 347 F.2d 231, 232 (6 Cir. 1965).
The Order of the District Court will be affirmed.

Question: Was there any amicus participation before the court of appeals?

Choices:
no amicus participation on either side
1 separate amicus brief was filed
2 separate amicus briefs were filed
3 separate amicus briefs were filed
4 separate amicus briefs were filed
5 separate amicus briefs were filed
6 separate amicus briefs were filed
7 separate amicus briefs were filed
8 or more separate amicus briefs were filed
not ascertained

Answer: 0