What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
UNITED STATES of America, Appellant, v. Frank Steve BRZOTICKY, Appellee.
No. 77-1872.
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit.
Submitted Aug. 9, 1978.
Decided Nov. 27, 1978.
Ronald L. Rencher, U. S. Atty., and Steven W. Snarr, Asst. U. S. Atty., Salt Lake City, Utah, for appellant.
Robert Van Sciver and Randall T. Gaither, Salt Lake City, Utah, for appellee.
Before SETH, Chief Judge, and DOYLE and LOGAN, Circuit Judges.
SETH, Chief Judge.
The United States has taken this appeal from the dismissal of an indictment against the defendant. The charge was under 18 U.S.C. § 922 for receiving a firearm after having been convicted of a felony, and for giving false information at the time of the purchase of the firearm as to prior convictions. The trial court granted a motion of the defendant which asked for dismissal on the ground that defendant had no prior conviction.
The ruling on the motion was a determination that the nolo contendere plea entered by the defendant in a Colorado court in 1966 to a charge of larceny of an automobile was not a previous conviction as contemplated in 18 U.S.C. § 922. The Colorado charge was of a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year, and upon the nolo plea the Colorado court found the defendant guilty and gave a suspended sentence of three to five years.
Thus the issue is whether the Colorado proceedings constituted a “conviction in any court” as the term is used in 18 U.S.C. § 922. We will look to the laws and decisions of Colorado and use the characterization of the proceedings by the state to determine whether there was a “conviction” of the defendant of the larceny charge. We apply the Colorado law pursuant to our decision in United States v. Stober, 588 F.2d 768 (10th Cir.), just decided by this court.
Nolo contendere, in Colorado and elsewhere, is a response to the request for a guilty or not guilty plea, but does not meet the issue, and instead only says that the defendant will not contest the charge. The Colorado courts have considered the consequences of a nolo response in People ex rel. Atty. Gen. v. Edison, 100 Colo. 574, 69 P.2d 246; Bruce v. Leo, 129 Colo. 129, 267 P.2d 1014; Lacey v. People, 166 Colo. 152, 442 P.2d 402; and Reynolds v. People, 471 P.2d 417 (Colo.). In the two earlier cases the court stated that the nolo “plea” would have no consequences beyond the particular proceeding. In People v. Edison there were several factors considered by the court which it felt induced the plea. In Bruce v. Leo the court considered the suspension of a liquor license where the licensees had entered nolo pleas to charges of selling to minors. The court had accepted the nolo, fined them fifty dollars, and ordered that “the ease be removed from the docket.” The supreme court held, in reliance on Edison, that the plea could not be used in any collateral matter.
In Lacey v. People, 166 Colo. 152, 442 P.2d 402, Justice McWilliams for the Supreme Court of Colorado stated, in referring to the consequence of a nolo plea:
“In other words, following sentence a person is convicted upon either a plea of guilty or a plea of nolo contendere, even though there admittedly are differences in general purpose of each of these two pleas.”
The court there referred to the Edison case, indicated that it was not on the precise question, and stated they chose to follow the better rule that a conviction on a nolo plea could be used to impeach the witness.
Lacey was followed in Reynolds v. People, 172 Colo. 137, 471 P.2d 417, wherein the court said Lacey had disposed of the argument that the plea was an admission of guilt only for the case in which it was entered. '
From the consideration of the Colorado cases it must be concluded that the nolo plea in Colorado is there considered to now have application beyond the original case. Thus with the judgment entered thereon there is a determination of guilt, and is a “conviction.” This is sufficient to meet the “conviction in any court” requirement of 18 U.S.C. § 922.’
As to the expungement-issue, the defendant thus had a previous conviction in the Colorado state court, and that conviction was extant when the question was answered as to convictions when the firearm was purchased, and when defendant received the firearm he came within the prohibition of 18 U.S.C. § 922. The ex-pungement, which took place after the charges herein considered were filed, did not change the situation as it existed when the incidents took place, upon which the charge was based.
The judgment of dismissal by the trial court is set aside and the indictment is reinstated. The case is REMANDED to the trial court for further proceedings.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0