What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the respondent is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
Hazel COBB, Appellant, v. Pete GILMER, Appellee.
No. 19845.
United States Court of Appeals District of Columbia Circuit.
Argued March 17, 1966.
Decided July 11, 1966.
Mr. Dorsey Evans, Washington, D. C., for appellant.
Mr. William Reback, Washington, D.C., for appellee.
Before Bazelon, Chief Judge, DanAher and Wright, Circuit Judges.
BAZELON, Chief Judge:
This case involves the title to certain property located in the District of Columbia which was deeded to the original parties in this suit, Naomi Zachary and Pete Gilmer, as tenants by the entirety. In 1962 the parties, who had participated in a marriage ceremony in 1947, discovered that Naomi Zachary had never been legally divorced from her former husband Roy Zachary. Naomi Zachary subsequently instituted the present suit seeking judgment quieting title to the property in her name. Prior to trial she died, and her daughter, who was substituted as plaintiff, thereupon amended the complaint to request partition of the property as alternative relief. At the conclusion of the trial, the court, sitting without a jury, held that the defendant Gilmer had sole title to the property. This appeal followed.
Appellant, the substituted plaintiff below, first argues that the trial court misapplied the rule of Coleman v. Jackson, 109 U.S.App.D.C. 242, 286 F.2d 98, 83 A.L.R.2d 1043 (1960), cert. denied, 366 U.S. 933, 81 S.Ct. 1656, 6 L.Ed.2d 391 (1961). In that case we held that where the parties to a deed were disabled from holding property as tenants by the entirety, a joint tenancy is deemed to have been created unless a contrary intent is shown. Here the trial court found that the plaintiff had failed to prove by a preponderance of the evidence the requisite contrary intent. Since this finding was not clearly erroneous, we sustain the trial court’s conclusion that the property was held in joint tenancy and that title passed to defendant Gilmer on the death of the original plaintiff Zachary,
L2, 3] Appellant also argues that the original complaint in this suit comprehended a claim for partition. On this basis she challenges the trial court’s conclusion that the partition action abated on the death of the original plaintiff. Assuming, without deciding, that a prayer for judgment quieting title is broad enough implicitly to contain a partition claim, we find no merit in the argument. Although we have been unable to find a case on point in this jurisdiction, the apparently universal rule in this country is that a pending suit for a partition of a joint tenancy does not survive the death of one of the tenants. This rule is compelled by two related concepts: first, the theory of survivor-ship — that at the moment of death title to the property vests exclusively in the surviving joint tenant or tenants ; and second, the doctrine that severance of the joint tenancy does not occur until the suit for partition reaches final judgment. Therefore, unless partition has been decreed before the death of the joint tenant, no interest in the property remains in the representatives of the decedent which can support an action for partition.
Appellant contends that the District’s survival statute, D.C.Code § 12-101 (Supp. IV, 1965), has altered this common law rule. This statute speaks in terms of a “right of action [which] has accrued for any cause prior to * * * death * * This phrasing obviously envisages a pre-existing invasion of a legal right or duty. But a suit for partition of a joint tenancy does not depend upon the existence of a prior legal wrong; it may be had as a matter of right at the instance of any joint tenant, subject only to equitable considerations. Partition of a joint tenancy thus is not a “right of action” of the type contemplated by the statute. Moreover, if the ability to demand partition survived the death of a joint tenant, his representatives could always bring an action for partition, thereby destroying the concept of survivorship which is the essence of the tenancy. We therefore hold that the District’s survival statute is inapplicable to suits for partition of joint tenancies
Affirmed.
. Thus we need not decide whether the amendment to the complaint which specifically requested partition “related back” to the original complaint.
. E. g., Sheridan v. Lucey, 395 Pa. 305, 149 A.2d 444 (1959); Minnehan v. Minnehan, 336 Mass. 668, 147 N.E.2d 533 (1958); Teutenberg v. Schiller, 138 Cal.App.2d 18, 291 P.2d 53 (Dist.Ct.App. 1955); Dando v. Dando, 37 Cal.App.2d 371, 99 P.2d 561 (Dist.Ct.App.1940); Shuck v. Shuck, 413 Ill. 390, 108 N.E.2d 905 (1952); Ellison v. Murphy, 128 Misc. 471, 219 N.Y.S. 667 (1927); Arthur v. Arthur, 115 Neb. 781, 215 N.W. 117 (1927); 4 Thompson, Real Property § 1781 (repl. ed. 1961); Annot., 129 A.L.R. 813, 817 (1940); Annot., 64 A.L.R.2d 918, 956 (1959); 48 C.J.S. Joint Tenancy § 4 (1947). See also Child v. Bulmer, [1891] 3 Ch. 59.
. See, e. g., Maynard v. Sutherland, 114 U.S.App.D.C. 169, 313 F.2d 560 (1962).
. See, e. g., authorities cited in note 2 supra; 4 Thompson, Real Property §§ 1779-1781 (repl. ed. 1961); 2 Tiffany, Real Property §§ 419, 428 (1939).
. See, e. g., 4 Thompson, Real Property §§ 1822-1823 (repl. ed. 1961); 2 Tiffany, Real Property §§ 473-475 (1939).
. Cf., e. g., Metzger v. O’Donoghue, 53 App.D.C. 107, 288 F. 461 (1923); Dingman v. Henry, 51 App.D.C. 339, 279 Fed. 795 (1922).
. See Sheridan v. Lucey, supra note 2.

Question: What is the total number of respondents in the case that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0