What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
GULLET v. GULLET.
Nos. 9783, 9880.
United States Court of Appeals District of Columbia Circuit.
Submitted Feb. 25, 1949.
Decided April 25, 1949.
See also 71 F.Supp. 378.
Mr. Samuel Barker, of Washington, D. G., with whom Mr. William R. Lichten-berg, of Washington, D. C., was on the brief, submitted for appellant.
Mr. William B. O’Connell, of Washington, D. C., submitted for appellee.
Before CLARK and WILBUR K. MILLER, Circuit Judges, and GEORGE C. SWEENEY, District Judge, sitting by designation.
WILBUR K. MILLER, Circuit Judge.
This case is before us for the second time. O'ur: former opinion, handed down April 9, 1945, reported in 80 U.S.App.D.C. 73, 149 F.2d 17, thus described the proceedings in-the District Court: “In November, 1940, appellee filed á suit for maintenance. In February, 1941, the District Court ordered appellant to pay maintenance pen-dente lite. In August, 1943, appellant sued, in Florida, for an absolute divorce, which was granted by the Florida court in April, 1944. Appellant then moved in the District Court to revoke the order for temporary maintenance. When his motion came on -for hearing, the court heard appellee’s suit, also. It overruled appellant’s motion and granted permanent maintenance to appel-lee.”
The above quoted history of the case in the District Court prior to our former opinion may be thus amplified from the record: in her answer to the appellant’s motion to revoke the allowance of temporary maintenance because of the Florida divorce decree, the appellee-wife attacked that judgment as invalid. In the pre-trial order the clashing contentions of the parties as to the validity of the Florida divorce were set forth. On the trial, there was substantial evidence tending to show that the appellant-husband was not in fact a resident of Florida when he filed his suit, and when the court there entered a judgment divorcing him from the appellee.
The district judge, however, disregarded the question of the validity of the Florida judgment, which was presented to him, and based his decision to award permanent maintenance on the statement that the husband “could not defeat the action for maintenance in this jurisdiction where the Court had acquired jurisdiction over both parties by going into another jurisdiction and getting a divorce * * The district judge added, “My ruling is that the * * * divorce in Florida does not have any effect whatever upon this maintenance case.”
On appeal, the appellee argued that the foreign judgment was invalid, and pointed out the evidence which she said supported her contention. This court reversed, and in the opinion said: “ * * * When the judgment of a state is properly authenticated and stands unchallenged, as in the present case, a denial to it of full faith and credit constitutes a violation of the Constitution. In the absence of any showing of invalidity, appellee is foreclosed, by the Florida judgment, from the right to maintenance.”
The state of the record then before us shows that the quoted portion of our opinion meant the Florida judgment was unchallenged in the sense that the district judge had made no finding with respect to the sharp issue concerning the judgment’s validity which had been presented to him. It is equally apparent that in saying, “In the absence of any showing of invalidity, the appellee is foreclosed, by the Florida judgment, from the right to maintenance”, the word “showing” was inadvertently used instead of the word “finding.”
We not only reversed the District Court’s allowance' of permanent maintenance, but also remanded the cause to that court. Qearly the remand was to enable the District Court to make an express determination as to the validity of the Florida judgment.
When the case was returned to the District Court, both parties again introduced evidence on the question of validity. The proof presented was practically identical with -that which was in the record on the former appeal. This time the District Court found the Florida divorce decree was obtained by the appellant’s fraudulent representation to that court of a bona fide residence in Florida, a false representation of a jurisdictional fact. Then, having determined that the Florida judgment is not entitled to full faith and credit here, the court awarded permanent maintenance and counsel fees to the appellee-wife, ordered the payment of arrears accrued under the pendente lite allowance of October, 1946, and later imposed a jail sentence for contempt because of appellant’s failure to pay the amounts awarded. These appeals are from those two orders.
The evidence of the invalidity of the Florida judgment amply justified the District Court in refusing to accord it full faith and credit. The court therefore had power to order the payment of permanent maintenance. Appellant’s other criticisms of the allowance do not seem to us to be well founded.
The payment of maintenance having been validly ordered, it follows that the court did not err in holding the appellant in contempt for failing to obey. He complains that his appeal from the order commanding him to pay maintenance and counsel fees was pending in this court when the District Court punished him for contempt, and asserts that the appeal protected him from such punishment. With respect to this contention it is enough to point out that the appellant did not obtain a stay on appeal by executing a supersedeas bond as permitted by Rule 73(d) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, 28 U.S. C.A.
Affirmed.
Williams v. North Carolina, 1945, 325 U.S. 226, 65 S.Ct. 1092, 89 L.Ed. 1577, 157 A.L.R. 1366.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1