What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
Thomas C. HARPER, Appellant, v. Mitchell KOBELINSKI, Administrator, Small Business Administration, et al.
No. 77-1686.
United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit.
Argued March 24, 1978.
Decided Dec. 11, 1978.
Thomas C. Harper, pro se.
Carol E. Bruce, Asst. U. S. Atty., Washington, D. C., with whom Earl J. Silbert, U. S. Atty., John A. Terry, Peter E. George and Tobey W. Kaczensky, Asst. U. S. Attys., Washington, D. C., were on the brief, for appellee.
Before TAMM and ROBINSON, Circuit Judges, and OBERDORFER, United States District Judge for the District of Columbia.
Sitting by designation pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 292(a) (1976).
Opinion PER CURIAM.
PER CURIAM:
This appeal is the latest of appellant Harper's efforts, pursuant to the Privacy Act of 1974, to prevent the ássertedly unauthorized disclosure and use of a confidential file maintained by his employer, the Small Business Administration (SBA). Specifically, appellant complains that information in the file, compiled by SBA during an internal security check on him, has been revealed to a former SBA employee to aid the latter in his claim of employment discrimination against the agency. Appellant seeks an injunction against continued use of the file, and a judicial determination that some of the material incorporated therein is false and should be expunged or amended. The District Court entered a summary judgment dismissing appellant’s action on the ground that he had failed to exhaust administrative remedies. We reverse.
I
On May 25, 1976, and again on June 7 following, appellant wrote to SBA’s Director of Personnel, asking that information allegedly obtained from his security file be removed from his former fellow employee’s equal employment opportunity file. The agency’s Privacy Act Officer and its Director of Personnel advised appellant that the data at issue were not contained in records under the control of the Office of Personnel, and that this precluded them from acting on appellant’s request.
Thereafter, on August 5, appellant initiated the present suit. Appellees moved to dismiss or, in the alternative, for summary judgment, on the ground, inter alia, that appellant had not pursued his administrative recourse as required by the Privacy Act. Several procedural motions then followed in rapid succession. In order to provide an opportunity for discovery, appellant sought, and the District Court granted, an extension of the period within which to respond to appellees’ motion. Appellees countered by requesting a protective order staying discovery pending disposition of the motion for judgment of dismissal. Appellant then filed an opposition to this motion and asked for a further extension of time, again on the basis of need for discovery. Due to a clerical error, the last motion was not transmitted to the court prior to its ruling on appellees’ motion for summary judgment. Pursuant to its Rule l-l(d), the court interpreted appellant’s apparent silence as acquiescence in the motion for judgment and, on September 30, 1976, accordingly ruled in appellees’ favor.
Appellant then filed a timely motion to vacate the outstanding judgment and for reconsideration of his previously overlooked request for a second extension of time. On June 23, 1977, the District Court held that appellant’s purported need for discovery did not constitute good cause, as required by Rule 6(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and denied the sought-after extension of time. At the same time, the court denied appellant’s motion to vacate the September 30, 1976, judgment on the ground that appellant had not exhausted his administrative remedies.
II
Under the Privacy Act, appellant was entitled to ask SBA for “an amendment of a record pertaining to him.” He did so and his request was denied. He was not, however, told that he could appeal that determination within the agency, nor was he apprised of the established procedures for administrative review. Thus SBA did not comply with the mandate of the Privacy Act that it “inform” him not only “of its refusal to amend the record in accordance with his request” and “the reason for the refusal,” but also of “the procedures established by the agency for the individual to request a review of that refusal by the head of the agency or an officer designated by the head of the agency, and the name and business address of that official.”
Because, as appellees concede, there is no record that Harper was advised of the administrative review procedure, he should not be penalized for bypassing it. His lack of knowledge of the appropriate channels of administrative review could have led him to forego that review — which might have afforded him relief — and that in turn deterred the District Court from reaching the merits of his claim.
SBA’s failure to inform appellant of his right to administrative review aligns this case with our recent decision in Hall v. United States Civil Service Commission. And SBA has expressed its willingness to now provide appellant with that , review. To this end, the judgment appealed from is reversed and the case is remanded to the District Court with instructions to retain jurisdiction pending further consideration of appellant’s claims by the agency.
So ordered.
. Pub.L. No. 93-579, § 3, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1897, and amended Pub.L. No. 94-183, § 2(2), Dec. 31, 1975, 89 Stat. 1057, codified at 5 U.S.C. § 552a (1976).
. Harper v. Kobelinski, Civ. No. 76-1460 (D.D.C.) (order of June 23, 1977) (unreported).
. 5 U.S.C. §§ 552a(d)(3), (g)(1) (1976).
. Harper v. Kobelinski, supra note 2 (order of Sept. 15, 1976) (unreported).
. Rule l-9(d) of the District Court provides:
Within ten days of the date of service or such other time as the court may direct, an opposing party shall serve and file a statement of points and authorities in opposition to the motion, together with a proposed order. If such opposing statement is not filed within the prescribed time, the court may treat the motion as conceded.
(Emphasis supplied).
. Harper v. Kobelinski, supra note 2 (order of Sept. 30, 1976) (unreported).
. Fed.R.Civ.P. 6(b)(1) provides in pertinent part:
When by these rules or by a notice given thereunder or by order of the court an act is required or allowed to be done at or within a specified time, the court for cause shown may at any time in its discretion with or without motion or notice order the period enlarged if requests therefor are made before the expiration of the period originally [described] or as extended by a previous order .
. Harper v. Kobelinski, supra note 2.
. Id. The court stated that “[b]ecause plaintiff neglected to complete the administrative process which is a prerequisite to the filing of an action in this court, this case, as we intended in our September 30, 1976 order, must be dismissed for failure to exhaust the appropriate administrative remedies.” Id. at 3.
. 5 U.S.C. § 552a(d)(2) (1976).
. 5 U.S.C. § 552a(d)(2)(B)(ii) (1976) (emphasis supplied).
. Brief for Appellees at 12-13.
. 174 U.S.App.D.C. 468, 533 F.2d 695 (1976) (where aggrieved governmental employee did not pursue an administrative appeal from an initial adverse agency decision because he was not apprised of the availability of such an appeal, the District Court should retain jurisdiction of employee’s action pending agency review of his claim).
. Brief of Appellees at 12-13.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0