What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
When coding the detailed nature of participants, use your personal knowledge about the participants, if you are completely confident of the accuracy of your knowledge, even if the specific information is not in the opinion. For example, if "IBM" is listed as the appellant it could be classified as "clearly national or international in scope" even if the opinion did not indicate the scope of the business. 
Your task is to determine the nature of the first listed respondent.

Opinion:
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD v. MONSANTO CHEMICAL COMPANY et al.
No. 14686.
United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.
July 14, 1953.
Floyd D. Stewart, St. Louis, Mo. (Stanley R. Schuchat, St. Louis, Mo., was on the brief), for respondent Union.
Elton L. French, St. Louis, Mo., for respondent Company.
Ruth C. Goldman, Atty., National Labor Relations Board, Washington, D. C. (George J. Bott, Gen. Counsel, David P. Findling, Associate Gen. Counsel, A. Norman Somers, Asst. Gen. Counsel, and Samuel M. Singer, Atty., Washington, D. C, were with her on the brief), for petitioner.
Before SANBORN, RIDDICK, and COLLET, Circuit Judges.
RIDDICK, Circuit Judge.
Respondents, Monsanto Chemical Company and International Chemical Workers Union, Local No. 16, A.F.L., resist this petition of the National Labor Relations Board for enforcement of its order entered in a proceeding in which the Board found that the company had discharged its employee, Henry McClellan, and that the union had caused McClellan’s discharge in violation of his rights under the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947, 29 U.S.C.A. § 151 et seq. The validity of the Board’s order on the evidence before it is not questioned by either respondent. They resist the petition for enforcement on the sole ground that the Board was without power to entertain the proceeding in which the order was entered because the General Counsel of the Board sustained McClellan’ application for a review of an order of the Board’s Regional Director, made six days after the time fixed by the rules of the Board for filing an application for review. No claim is made and no proof is offered to show that either respondent suffered any prejudice as a result of the extension of time granted McClellan, and none can be discovered from anything in the record. No question is raised concerning the applicable rules of the Board. The bald argument on behalf of respondents is that the Board is powerless in the public interest to relax the time provisions of its procedural rules in any case before it. This contention is not worthy of serious consideration.
It is always within the discretion of a court or an administrative agency to relax or modify its procedural rules adopted for the orderly transaction of business before it when in a given case the ends of justice require it. The action of either in such a case is not reviewable except upon a showing of substantial prejudice to the complaining party. National Labor Relations Board v. Grace Co., 8 Cir., 184 F.2d 126, 129; National Labor Relations Board v. J. S. Popper, Inc., 3 Cir., 113 F.2d 602, 603-604; Board of Tax Appeals v. United Spates ex rel. Shults Bread Co., 59 App.D.C. 161, 37 F.2d 442, 443; Washburn Wire Co. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 1 Cir., 67 F.2d 658, 662; National Labor Relations Board v. Pacific Gas & Electric Co., 9 Cir., 118 F.2d 780, 788. The rule stated applies with especial force in cases before the National Labor Relations Board. The Board acts in the public interest and not in vindication of private rights. National Labor Relations Board v. Federal Engineering Company, 6 Cir., 153 F.2d 233, 234; Olin Industries v. National Labor Relations Board, 5 Cir., 192 F.2d 799; Union Starch & Refining Co. v. National Labor Relations Board, 7 Cir., 186 F.2d 1008, 1013, 27 A.L. R.2d 629; National Labor Relations Board v. Niles Fire Brick Co., 6 Cir., 124 F.2d 366, 368. Its discretion is not to be controlled at the whim of a private party to the neglect of the public interest.
We find nothing in the Administrative Procedure Act to prohibit the action of the General Counsel of the Board. A casual reading of the sections of the Act relied on by respondents is enough to show that these sections do not forbid the action of which the respondents complain.
Enforcement granted.
. Sec. 3(a), 5 U.S.C.A. § 1002(a) (3), in relevant part provides that:
“Every agency shall separately state and currently publish in the Federal Register * * the nature and requirements of all formal or informal procedures available * * * No person shall in any manner be required to resort to organization or procedure not so published.”
Sec. 4(c), 5 U.S.C.A. § 1003(c), provides that:
“The required publication or service of any substantive rule (other than one graniing or recognizing exemption or relieving restriction or interpretative rules and statements of policy) shall be made not less than thirty days prior to the effective date thereof except as otherwise provided by the agency upon goo<s cause found and published with the rule.’

Question: What is the nature of the first listed respondent?

Choices:
private business (including criminal enterprises)
private organization or association
federal government (including DC)
sub-state government (e.g., county, local, special district)
state government (includes territories & commonwealths)
government - level not ascertained
natural person (excludes persons named in their official capacity or who appear because of a role in a private organization)
miscellaneous
not ascertained

Answer: 0