What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
TIMMONS v. UNITED STATES. PORTER, Price Administrator, v. TIMMONS.
No. 5526.
Circuit Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit.
Nov. 19, 1946.
W. S. Houck and R. A. Palmer, both of Florence, S. C. (Willcox, Hardee, Houck & Palmer, of Florence, S. C., on the brief), for appellant.
Albert M. Dreyer, Chief, Appellate Branch, Office of Price Administration, of Washington, D. C. (Claud N. Sapp, U. S. Atty., and John H. Lumpkin, both of Columbia, S. C., and Ray W. Humphrey, of Florence, S. C., on the brief), for appellee.
Before PARKER, SOPER, and DOBIE, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
This is an appeal from an order adjudging appellant guilty of contempt of court in violating an injunctive order against demanding or receiving rents in excess of the maximum rents established by the Office of Price Administration. She was sentenced to nine months imprisonment and to pay a fine of $1,000. The court found that she violated the injunctive order by making separate charges for apartments and for the furniture therein exceeding in the aggregate the ceiling price, and that these separate charges were merely a scheme to evade the orders of the Price Administrator. Appellant strenuously contends that the evidence did not warrant her being adjudged guilty of contempt, but the questions on this aspect of the case are purely factual and we cannot say that the able judge who saw and heard the witnesses was not justified in his findings. The questioning of witnesses by the court, of which complaint is made, was a matter resting in the court’s discretion and we do not think that the discretion was abused. The admission of evidence of other violations of the injunction was admissible on the question of knowledge and intent, which were put in issue by the nature of the defense. The, contention that the appellant may not be punished for a violation of the injunctive order, because the OPA legislation, which appellant was enjoined from violating, had been enacted under the war power and hostilities had ceased at the time of the order, is so lacking in merit as not to warrant discussion. Likewise without merit is the contention that the legislation had expired at the time of the order appealed from, although not at the time of the act constituting the contempt which it punished. See Stewart v. Kahn, 11 Wall. 493, 20 L.Ed. 176; Porter v. Granite State Packing Co., 1 Cir., 155 F.2d 786; Bowles v. Barde Steel Co., Or., 164 P.2d 692, 162 A.L.R. 328.
We note, however, that the sentence included both fine and imprisonment, whereas the statute authorized these punishments only in the alternative. 28 U.S.C.A. § 385; In re Bradley, 318 U.S. 50, 63 S.Ct. 470, 87 L.Ed. 500. For this error the judgment appealed from must be reversed and the case remanded to the end that a proper sentence may be imposed. Kitt et al. v. United States, 4 Cir., 132 F.2d 920.
Reversed and remanded.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1