What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
The ORCHARD CORPORATION OF AMERICA, Petitioner, v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent.
No. 19332.
United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.
March 13, 1969.
Edward T. Foote, of Bryan, Cave, Mc-Pheeters & McRoberts, St. Louis, Mo., for petitioner, Gaylord C. Burke, St. Louis, Mo., on the brief.
Julius Rosenbaum, Atty., N. L. R. B., Washington, D. C., for respondent. Arnold Ordman, Gen. Counsel, Dominick L. Manoli, Assoc. Gen. Counsel, Marcel Mallet-Prevost, Asst. Gen. Counsel, and Glen M. Bendixsen, Atty., N. L. R. B., on the brief.
Before GIBSON, LAY and HEANEY, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
Petitioner, Orchard Corporation of America, seeks review of a decision of the National Labor Relations Board finding that petitioner violated § 8(a) (1) of the National Labor Relations Act and ordering that a new election be held. The Board cross-petitions for enforcement of its order.
The Orchard Corporation, which buys and processes paper, employs 72 hourly workers. In the spring of 1967 the St. Louis Printing Pressmen and Assistants Union Local No. 6, in response to requests from several employees, commenced an organization campaign at the Orchard Corporation plant. During the course of the campaign, Mr. Lehtinen, a company supervisor, informed an employee that he had seen a list of employees who had attended a union meeting. On other occasions Lehtinen interrogated employees with respect to their feelings about the union. He made veiled suggestions that certain privileges now enjoyed by the employees would be lost if they became unionized. The Board found that because of these actions by Lehtinen the company violated § 8(a) (1) of the Act by coercively interrogating employees about union activities, by creating an impression of surveillance of union activities, and by threatening to withdraw currently enjoyed privileges.
Petitioner alleges that the actions of its supervisor are merely isolated instances which provide no substantial evidence to support the Board’s findings. We affirm the Board’s findings and grant enforcement of its order.
We think that the record as a whole contains substantial evidence to support the Board’s findings of § 8(a) (1) violations. Universal Camera Corp. v. NLRB, 340 U.S. 474, 71 S.Ct. 456, 95 L.Ed. 456 (1951). An employer’s background of “strong anti-union posture” may properly be considered to determine the probable effects on employees of particular acts of the employer. See, e. g., NLRB v. Hawthorn Co., 404 F.2d 1205, 1208 (8 Cir. 1969) ; NLRB v. Ralph Printing & Lithographing Co., 379 F.2d 687, 690 (8 Cir. 1967) ; NLRB v. Lexington Chair Co., 361 F.2d 283, 290 (4 Cir. 1966) ; NLRB v. Griggs Equip., Inc., 307 F.2d 275, 278 (5 Cir. 1962). It is not disputed that the company, as was their right, vigorously campaigned against the union. While the Board found that other conduct of the company did not constitute violations of the Act, the overall background surrounding the parties lends substance to the Board’s finding of violations with respect to the company supervisor’s actions. As recently observed by the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit:
“Of course, the company has a legal right to ‘[make] no bones about its opposition to the Union.’ Hendrix Mfg. Co. v. NLRB, 5 Cir. 1963, 321 F.2d 100, 103. However, the Board is entitled to consider emphatic anti-union attitudes as ‘background’ against which to measure the impact on employees of management’s statements and conduct. 321 F.2d at 103-104, n. 6 p. 104.” Independent, Inc. v. NLRB, 406 F.2d 203, 205 n. 1 (5 Cir. 1969).
Accordingly, we affirm the Board’s findings and grant enforcement of its order.
. The Board ordered that the Regional Director pass upon the trial examiner’s ruling setting aside the election. The Regional Director ordered a new election. It is urged that this order should be rescinded since there exists “only minimal instances of 8(a) (1) conduct.” The last election was the third rejection of the union in recent years. The last vote was 47 to 23 against the union.
Assuming arguendo, the apparent equity to petitioner’s argument, the Board’s election order in its present posture is not ripe for review. See NLRB v. William J. Burns Int’l Detective Agency, 346 F.2d 897 (8 Cir. 1965). As stated in Daniel Constr. Co. v. NLRB, 341 F.2d 805, 810 (4 Cir. 1965) :
“Our decision here does not deny Daniel its day in court on the objections which it has raised to the Board’s determinations in the representation proceeding; it merely forecloses Daniel from raising those objections on this day in court. Daniel will be entitled to a review of the Board action in the representation case if the following succession of events occurs: the union wins the new election and is certified by the NLRB as the bargaining agent for the employees in question, the company thereafter refuses to bargain with the union because it feels the election was defective in some way, and the Board in a subsequent unfair labor proceeding adjudges the company to be in violation of section 8(a) (5) of the Act and orders it to bargain with the union as certified. Boire v. Greyhound Corp., 376 U.S. 473, 477, 84 S.Ct. 894, 11 L.Ed.2d 849 (1964) ; NLRB v. Falk Corp., supra [308 U.S. 453, 60 S.Ct. 307, 84 L.Ed. 396] ; Volney Felt Mills v. LeBus, 196 F.2d 497 (5 Cir. 1952).”

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1