What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. AL-MAJIED MUHAMMAD, formerly known as Jeyone Peter Wiggins, Appellant.
No. 10480.
United States Court of Appeals Fourth Circuit.
Argued June 21, 1966.
Decided July 20, 1966.
John R. Hargrove, Baltimore, Md. (Court-appointed counsel), (Howard & Hargrove, Baltimore, Md., on brief), for appellant.
Roger C. Duncan, Asst. U. S. Atty. (Thomas J. Kenney, U. S. Atty., on brief), for appellee.
Before HAYNSWORTH, Chief Judge, SOBELOFF, Circuit Judge, and LEWIS, District Judge.
HAYNSWORTH, Chief Judge:
The defendant was convicted of unlawful refusal to submit to induction into the Armed Forces. On this appeal, we find no denial of procedural due process.
In October 1960, the defendant registered for the draft with Local Draft Board No. 7 in Washington, D. C. He filled out the classification questionnaire, giving no suggestion of objection to service, and he was classified 1A.
On October 30, 1964, four years after his registration, an order was issued requiring the defendant to report for induction on November 23, 1964. On November 10, 1964, the defendant for the first time suggested that he was a conscientious objector. He did so verbally to a clerk in the office of the draft board. He was requested to state his objection in writing, which he did, and his position was supplemented by a further written statement on November 19, 1964.
After receipt of the first letter from the defendant on November 10, 1964, the Local Board requested and obtained permission to postpone the date of the defendant’s induction until December 2, 1964 for the purpose of permitting the Board to consider the additional information. The letters were considered by the Board on November 27, 1964, four days after the date originally set for induction. Thereupon a letter was written to the defendant informing him that the Board declined to reopen his case and instructing him to report for induction on December 2, 1964. On December 2, 1964, the defendant reported, as he was required by the order, but refused to be inducted, and this refusal was repeated the next day.
In his first letter, the defendant stated that he was a Muslim, and that he and his fellows did not believe that they should be forced to take part in wars conducted by the United States, unless the Government would agree to give them their own territory, in which event they would have something to fight for. His second letter was longer and more detailed, but, in that letter, his objections appear entirely political.
On the basis of the defendant’s statements of his objections, the Board would hardly have been warranted in concluding that the defendant was a conscientious objector within the meaning of the statute and the regulations because of their political rather than religious nature.
The Board was not required to reopen the case or to rescind its order to report for induction, since the defendant had given no intimation of any conscientious objection to service until after his receipt of the order to report for induction. Under 32 CFR 1625.2(b), a classification of a registrant is not to be reopened after an order to report for induction has been mailed, unless there is a specific finding by a local board of a change in the registrant’s status resulting from circumstances beyond his control. The validity of this regulation has been upheld by the courts. Belated development of conscientious objection is not such a change in status beyond the control of a registrant.
The defendant complains, however, that since the Local Board requested and obtained permission to postpone the date of induction from November 23 to December 2, 1964, it was obligated to give the defendant a full evidentiary hearing, at which he should have been allowed to appear and amplify his claim, and that the fact that no such hearing was held was a denial of procedural due process. We can find no foundation for the claim.
It was entirely appropriate for the staff of the Board, upon receipt of the defendant’s letter of November 10, 1964, to take appropriate steps to postpone the date of induction for a time to permit the Board to consider whether or not that letter, in the opinion of the Board, indicated a change in the status of the registrant. The Board considered that question on November 27, 1964, and decided that the additional information did not warrant reopening of the case. As shown above, it was not required to reopen the case, and there is no provision for or requirement of a hearing preceding Board determination whether or not to reopen the case on the basis of such information received after the order for induction. Before the Board decided whether or not the case should he reopened, it was entirely appropriate for the Board to look at the defendant’s letters and to take steps to postpone the date of induction in order that it might have an opportunity to do so before the defendant was actually inducted. In this procedure, there is nothing unfair and no denial of procedural due process.
Affirmed.
. United States v. Taylor, 6 Cir., 351 F.2d 228; United States v. Porter, 7 Cir., 314 F.2d 833; United States v. Beaver, 4 Cir., 309 F.2d 273; Boyd v. United States, 9 Cir., 269 F.2d 607; Keene v. United States, 10 Cir., 266 F.2d 378; Feuer v. United States, 9 Cir., 208 F.2d, 719; United States v. Schoebel, 7 Cir., 201 F.2d 31.
. United States v. Porter and United States v. Schoebel, supra.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "private business and its executives"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 0