What follows is an opinion from a United States Court of Appeals.
Intervenors who participated as parties at the courts of appeals should be counted as either appellants or respondents when it can be determined whose position they supported. For example, if there were two plaintiffs who lost in district court, appealed, and were joined by four intervenors who also asked the court of appeals to reverse the district court, the number of appellants should be coded as six.
In some cases there is some confusion over who should be listed as the appellant and who as the respondent. This confusion is primarily the result of the presence of multiple docket numbers consolidated into a single appeal that is disposed of by a single opinion. Most frequently, this occurs when there are cross appeals and/or when one litigant sued (or was sued by) multiple litigants that were originally filed in district court as separate actions. The coding rule followed in such cases should be to go strictly by the designation provided in the title of the case. The first person listed in the title as the appellant should be coded as the appellant even if they subsequently appeared in a second docket number as the respondent and regardless of who was characterized as the appellant in the opinion.
To clarify the coding conventions, consider the following hypothetical case in which the US Justice Department sues a labor union to strike down a racially discriminatory seniority system and the corporation (siding with the position of its union) simultaneously sues the government to get an injunction to block enforcement of the relevant civil rights law. From a district court decision that consolidated the two suits and declared the seniority system illegal but refused to impose financial penalties on the union, the corporation appeals and the government and union file cross appeals from the decision in the suit brought by the government. Assume the case was listed in the Federal Reporter as follows:
United States of America,
Plaintiff, Appellant
v
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendant, Appellee.
International Brotherhood of Widget Workers,AFL-CIO
Defendants, Cross-appellants
v
United States of America.
Widgets, Inc. & Susan Kuersten Sheehan, President & Chairman
of the Board
Plaintiff, Appellants,
v
United States of America,
Defendant, Appellee.
This case should be coded as follows:Appellant = United States, Respondents = International Brotherhood of Widget Workers Widgets, Inc., Total number of appellants = 1, Number of appellants that fall into the category "the federal government, its agencies, and officials" = 1, Total number of respondents = 3, Number of respondents that fall into the category "private business and its executives" = 2, Number of respondents that fall into the category "groups and associations" = 1.
Note that if an individual is listed by name, but their appearance in the case is as a government official, then they should be counted as a government rather than as a private person. For example, in the case "Billy Jones & Alfredo Ruiz v Joe Smith" where Smith is a state prisoner who brought a civil rights suit against two of the wardens in the prison (Jones & Ruiz), the following values should be coded: number of appellants that fall into the category "natural persons" =0 and number that fall into the category "state governments, their agencies, and officials" =2. A similar logic should be applied to businesses and associations. Officers of a company or association whose role in the case is as a representative of their company or association should be coded as being a business or association rather than as a natural person. However, employees of a business or a government who are suing their employer should be coded as natural persons. Likewise, employees who are charged with criminal conduct for action that was contrary to the company policies should be considered natural persons.
If the title of a case listed a corporation by name and then listed the names of two individuals that the opinion indicated were top officers of the same corporation as the appellants, then the number of appellants should be coded as three and all three were coded as a business (with the identical detailed code). Similar logic should be applied when government officials or officers of an association were listed by name.
Your specific task is to determine the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons". If the total number cannot be determined (e.g., if the appellant is listed as "Smith, et. al." and the opinion does not specify who is included in the "et.al."), then answer 99.

Opinion:
Francis J. DONDERO, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Anthony J. CELEBREZZE, Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, Defendant-Appellee.
No. 206, Docket 27666.
United States Court of Appeals Second Circuit.
Argued Jan. 16, 1963.
Decided Jan. 18, 1963.
Edgar T. Schleider, New York City (David Altschul, New York City, on the brief), for plaintiff-appellant.
Kalman V. Gallop, Asst. U. S. Atty., Brooklyn, N. Y. (Joseph P. Hoey, U. S. Atty. for Eastern Dist. of New York, Brooklyn, N. Y., on the brief), for defendant-appellee.
Before MEDINA, WATERMAN and MOORE, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM.
Upon attaining age 65, plaintiff applied for and received old-age insurance benefits of $85.00 per month beginning January 1954. In 1958 plaintiff reported a real estate commission of $8,800, precipitating a review of his social security status and resulting in a suspension by the Bureau of further payments and a direction of restitution of amounts previously paid to him in the years 1954 through 1957, totalling $4,620. Upon plaintiff’s request a hearing was held on February 17, 1959. The Referee’s Decision of April 15, 1959 affirmed the decision of the Board and held that plaintiff had received and was receiving wages in excess of $2,080 per annum, the amount at which benefits were to be totally suspended under Sections 203(b) and 203 (e) of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 403(b) and 403(e). Upon denial of review by the Appeals Council of the Social Security Administration this decision became final and plaintiff then sought review in the District Court which dismissed his complaint, and he appeals. Opinion below reported at 205 F.Supp. 683. We hold this dismissal was proper.
The evidence showed that when plaintiff filed his retirement claim, he was president, general manager, principal stockholder and the only paid employee of the Dondero Holding Company, Inc., a real estate corporation formed in 1930, whose principal assets were a parcel of improved real estate yielding an annual rental of $10,000 and bank accounts and securities yielding annual interest and dividends of $1,000. Plaintiff’s salary of $4,200 and business expenses consumed most of the earnings. Plaintiff’s apartment served as office, with light secretarial work performed without compensation by his wife. After his “retirement” in 1954, plaintiff’s salary was reduced to $900 per annum and for the first time the wife was put on the payroll at $60 a week, although the somewhat minimal duties and services performed by each did not materially change and the plaintiff at all times remained the “moving force” of the operation.
The Referee thought that plaintiff’s testimony was discredited by the circumstances above outlined, and that the record established a “scheme of shifting wages” whereby plaintiff indirectly received “remuneration which is, in effect, wages to him.” We hold that these determinations were permissible and supported by substantial evidence as required under Section 205(g) of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). Newman v. Celebrezze, 2 Cir., 1962, 310 F.2d 780; Poss v. Ribicoff, 2 Cir., 1961, 289 F.2d 10, cert. denied, 368 U.S. 902, 82 S.Ct. 178, 7 L.Ed.2d 96, rehearing denied, 1962, 368 U.S. 963, 82 S.Ct. 393, 7 L.Ed.2d 393; Walker v. Altmeyer, 2 Cir., 1943, 137 F.2d 531, 533-34.
In so holding, we reaffirm our prior statement in Newman v. Celebrezze, supra, that a claimant has the right to receive old-age benefits “irrespective of any dividend or other non-wage payments he might receive.” This principle, however, is inapplicable to the instant case since the joint income and corporation tax forms and the other relevant evidence established that the moneys, potentially payable as rents, dividends, and interest, with the attendant disadvantages involved in this form of distribution, were actually paid out and consistently treated as wages earned. Nor do we find in the decision below any attempt to penalize plaintiff for corporate or individual income tax procedures which may or may not be questionable.
The proceedings hitherto had, of course, constitute only an adjudication as of the time through which evidence was submitted, and are without prejudice to a new application by plaintiff based on a new set of facts. Newman v. Celebrezze, supra.
Affirmed.

Question: What is the total number of appellants in the case that fall into the category "natural persons"? Answer with a number.

Choices:

Answer: 1