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Qiskit__qiskit-4465
You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolve. <issue> `initialize` and `Statevector` don't play nicely <!-- ⚠️ If you do not respect this template, your issue will be closed --> <!-- ⚠️ Make sure to browse the opened and closed issues --> ### Informations - **Qiskit Aer version**: 0.5.1 - **Python version**: 3.7.3 - **Operating system**: OSX ### What is the current behavior? Using `initialize` in a circuit and then running with `Statevector` results in the error "Cannot apply Instruction: reset" ### Steps to reproduce the problem ``` import qiskit as qk import qiskit.quantum_info as qi from numpy import sqrt n = 2 ket0 = [1/sqrt(2),0,0,1/sqrt(2)] qc = qk.QuantumCircuit(n) qc.initialize(ket0,range(n)) ket_qi = qi.Statevector.from_instruction(qc) ``` </issue> <code> [start of README.md] 1 # Qiskit Terra 2 3 [![License](https://img.shields.io/github/license/Qiskit/qiskit-terra.svg?style=popout-square)](https://opensource.org/licenses/Apache-2.0)[![Build Status](https://img.shields.io/travis/com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/master.svg?style=popout-square)](https://travis-ci.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra)[![](https://img.shields.io/github/release/Qiskit/qiskit-terra.svg?style=popout-square)](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/releases)[![](https://img.shields.io/pypi/dm/qiskit-terra.svg?style=popout-square)](https://pypi.org/project/qiskit-terra/)[![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/github/Qiskit/qiskit-terra?branch=master) 4 5 **Qiskit** is an open-source framework for working with noisy quantum computers at the level of pulses, circuits, and algorithms. 6 7 Qiskit is made up of elements that work together to enable quantum computing. This element is **Terra** and is the foundation on which the rest of Qiskit is built. 8 9 ## Installation 10 11 We encourage installing Qiskit via the pip tool (a python package manager), which installs all Qiskit elements, including Terra. 12 13 ```bash 14 pip install qiskit 15 ``` 16 17 PIP will handle all dependencies automatically and you will always install the latest (and well-tested) version. 18 19 To install from source, follow the instructions in the [documentation](https://qiskit.org/documentation/contributing_to_qiskit.html#install-terra-from-source). 20 21 ## Creating Your First Quantum Program in Qiskit Terra 22 23 Now that Qiskit is installed, it's time to begin working with Terra. 24 25 We are ready to try out a quantum circuit example, which is simulated locally using 26 the Qiskit BasicAer element. This is a simple example that makes an entangled state. 27 28 ``` 29 $ python 30 ``` 31 32 ```python 33 >>> from qiskit import * 34 >>> qc = QuantumCircuit(2, 2) 35 >>> qc.h(0) 36 >>> qc.cx(0, 1) 37 >>> qc.measure([0,1], [0,1]) 38 >>> backend_sim = BasicAer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') 39 >>> result = backend_sim.run(assemble(qc)).result() 40 >>> print(result.get_counts(qc)) 41 ``` 42 43 In this case, the output will be: 44 45 ```python 46 {'00': 513, '11': 511} 47 ``` 48 49 A script is available [here](examples/python/ibmq/hello_quantum.py), where we also show how to 50 run the same program on a real quantum computer via IBMQ. 51 52 ### Executing your code on a real quantum chip 53 54 You can also use Qiskit to execute your code on a 55 **real quantum chip**. 56 In order to do so, you need to configure Qiskit for using the credentials in 57 your IBM Q account: 58 59 #### Configure your IBMQ credentials 60 61 1. Create an _[IBM Q](https://quantum-computing.ibm.com) > Account_ if you haven't already done so. 62 63 2. Get an API token from the IBM Q website under _My Account > API Token_ and the URL for the account. 64 65 3. Take your token and url from step 2, here called `MY_API_TOKEN`, `MY_URL`, and run: 66 67 ```python 68 >>> from qiskit import IBMQ 69 >>> IBMQ.save_account('MY_API_TOKEN', 'MY_URL') 70 ``` 71 72 After calling `IBMQ.save_account()`, your credentials will be stored on disk. 73 Once they are stored, at any point in the future you can load and use them 74 in your program simply via: 75 76 ```python 77 >>> from qiskit import IBMQ 78 >>> IBMQ.load_account() 79 ``` 80 81 Those who do not want to save their credentials to disk should use instead: 82 83 ```python 84 >>> from qiskit import IBMQ 85 >>> IBMQ.enable_account('MY_API_TOKEN') 86 ``` 87 88 and the token will only be active for the session. For examples using Terra with real 89 devices we have provided a set of examples in **examples/python** and we suggest starting with [using_qiskit_terra_level_0.py](examples/python/using_qiskit_terra_level_0.py) and working up in 90 the levels. 91 92 ## Contribution Guidelines 93 94 If you'd like to contribute to Qiskit Terra, please take a look at our 95 [contribution guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md). This project adheres to Qiskit's [code of conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md). By participating, you are expected to uphold this code. 96 97 We use [GitHub issues](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/issues) for tracking requests and bugs. Please 98 [join the Qiskit Slack community](https://join.slack.com/t/qiskit/shared_invite/zt-e4sscbg2-p8NHTezPVkC3r8nV6BIUVw) 99 and use our [Qiskit Slack channel](https://qiskit.slack.com) for discussion and simple questions. 100 For questions that are more suited for a forum we use the Qiskit tag in the [Stack Exchange](https://quantumcomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/qiskit). 101 102 ## Next Steps 103 104 Now you're set up and ready to check out some of the other examples from our 105 [Qiskit Tutorials](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-tutorials) repository. 106 107 ## Authors and Citation 108 109 Qiskit Terra is the work of [many people](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/graphs/contributors) who contribute 110 to the project at different levels. If you use Qiskit, please cite as per the included [BibTeX file](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/blob/master/Qiskit.bib). 111 112 ## Changelog and Release Notes 113 114 The changelog for a particular release is dynamically generated and gets 115 written to the release page on Github for each release. For example, you can 116 find the page for the `0.9.0` release here: 117 118 https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/releases/tag/0.9.0 119 120 The changelog for the current release can be found in the releases tab: 121 ![](https://img.shields.io/github/release/Qiskit/qiskit-terra.svg?style=popout-square) 122 The changelog provides a quick overview of noteable changes for a given 123 release. 124 125 Additionally, as part of each release detailed release notes are written to 126 document in detail what has changed as part of a release. This includes any 127 documentation on potential breaking changes on upgrade and new features. 128 For example, You can find the release notes for the `0.9.0` release in the 129 Qiskit documentation here: 130 131 https://qiskit.org/documentation/release_notes.html#terra-0-9 132 133 ## License 134 135 [Apache License 2.0](LICENSE.txt) 136 [end of README.md] [start of qiskit/providers/basicaer/unitary_simulator.py] 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 # This code is part of Qiskit. 4 # 5 # (C) Copyright IBM 2017. 6 # 7 # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may 8 # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory 9 # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. 10 # 11 # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this 12 # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating 13 # that they have been altered from the originals. 14 15 # pylint: disable=arguments-differ 16 17 """Contains a Python simulator that returns the unitary of the circuit. 18 19 It simulates a unitary of a quantum circuit that has been compiled to run on 20 the simulator. It is exponential in the number of qubits. 21 22 .. code-block:: python 23 24 UnitarySimulator().run(qobj) 25 26 Where the input is a Qobj object and the output is a BasicAerJob object, which can 27 later be queried for the Result object. The result will contain a 'unitary' 28 data field, which is a 2**n x 2**n complex numpy array representing the 29 circuit's unitary matrix. 30 """ 31 import logging 32 import uuid 33 import time 34 from math import log2, sqrt 35 import numpy as np 36 from qiskit.util import local_hardware_info 37 from qiskit.providers.models import QasmBackendConfiguration 38 from qiskit.providers import BaseBackend 39 from qiskit.providers.basicaer.basicaerjob import BasicAerJob 40 from qiskit.result import Result 41 from .exceptions import BasicAerError 42 from .basicaertools import single_gate_matrix 43 from .basicaertools import cx_gate_matrix 44 from .basicaertools import einsum_matmul_index 45 46 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) 47 48 49 # TODO add ["status"] = 'DONE', 'ERROR' especially for empty circuit error 50 # does not show up 51 52 53 class UnitarySimulatorPy(BaseBackend): 54 """Python implementation of a unitary simulator.""" 55 56 MAX_QUBITS_MEMORY = int(log2(sqrt(local_hardware_info()['memory'] * (1024 ** 3) / 16))) 57 58 DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION = { 59 'backend_name': 'unitary_simulator', 60 'backend_version': '1.0.0', 61 'n_qubits': min(24, MAX_QUBITS_MEMORY), 62 'url': 'https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra', 63 'simulator': True, 64 'local': True, 65 'conditional': False, 66 'open_pulse': False, 67 'memory': False, 68 'max_shots': 65536, 69 'coupling_map': None, 70 'description': 'A python simulator for unitary matrix corresponding to a circuit', 71 'basis_gates': ['u1', 'u2', 'u3', 'cx', 'id', 'unitary'], 72 'gates': [ 73 { 74 'name': 'u1', 75 'parameters': ['lambda'], 76 'qasm_def': 'gate u1(lambda) q { U(0,0,lambda) q; }' 77 }, 78 { 79 'name': 'u2', 80 'parameters': ['phi', 'lambda'], 81 'qasm_def': 'gate u2(phi,lambda) q { U(pi/2,phi,lambda) q; }' 82 }, 83 { 84 'name': 'u3', 85 'parameters': ['theta', 'phi', 'lambda'], 86 'qasm_def': 'gate u3(theta,phi,lambda) q { U(theta,phi,lambda) q; }' 87 }, 88 { 89 'name': 'cx', 90 'parameters': ['c', 't'], 91 'qasm_def': 'gate cx c,t { CX c,t; }' 92 }, 93 { 94 'name': 'id', 95 'parameters': ['a'], 96 'qasm_def': 'gate id a { U(0,0,0) a; }' 97 }, 98 { 99 'name': 'unitary', 100 'parameters': ['matrix'], 101 'qasm_def': 'unitary(matrix) q1, q2,...' 102 } 103 ] 104 } 105 106 DEFAULT_OPTIONS = { 107 "initial_unitary": None, 108 "chop_threshold": 1e-15 109 } 110 111 def __init__(self, configuration=None, provider=None): 112 super().__init__(configuration=( 113 configuration or QasmBackendConfiguration.from_dict(self.DEFAULT_CONFIGURATION)), 114 provider=provider) 115 116 # Define attributes inside __init__. 117 self._unitary = None 118 self._number_of_qubits = 0 119 self._initial_unitary = None 120 self._chop_threshold = 1e-15 121 122 def _add_unitary(self, gate, qubits): 123 """Apply an N-qubit unitary matrix. 124 125 Args: 126 gate (matrix_like): an N-qubit unitary matrix 127 qubits (list): the list of N-qubits. 128 """ 129 # Get the number of qubits 130 num_qubits = len(qubits) 131 # Compute einsum index string for 1-qubit matrix multiplication 132 indexes = einsum_matmul_index(qubits, self._number_of_qubits) 133 # Convert to complex rank-2N tensor 134 gate_tensor = np.reshape(np.array(gate, dtype=complex), 135 num_qubits * [2, 2]) 136 # Apply matrix multiplication 137 self._unitary = np.einsum(indexes, gate_tensor, self._unitary, 138 dtype=complex, casting='no') 139 140 def _validate_initial_unitary(self): 141 """Validate an initial unitary matrix""" 142 # If initial unitary isn't set we don't need to validate 143 if self._initial_unitary is None: 144 return 145 # Check unitary is correct length for number of qubits 146 shape = np.shape(self._initial_unitary) 147 required_shape = (2 ** self._number_of_qubits, 148 2 ** self._number_of_qubits) 149 if shape != required_shape: 150 raise BasicAerError('initial unitary is incorrect shape: ' + 151 '{} != 2 ** {}'.format(shape, required_shape)) 152 153 def _set_options(self, qobj_config=None, backend_options=None): 154 """Set the backend options for all experiments in a qobj""" 155 # Reset default options 156 self._initial_unitary = self.DEFAULT_OPTIONS["initial_unitary"] 157 self._chop_threshold = self.DEFAULT_OPTIONS["chop_threshold"] 158 if backend_options is None: 159 backend_options = {} 160 161 # Check for custom initial statevector in backend_options first, 162 # then config second 163 if 'initial_unitary' in backend_options: 164 self._initial_unitary = np.array(backend_options['initial_unitary'], 165 dtype=complex) 166 elif hasattr(qobj_config, 'initial_unitary'): 167 self._initial_unitary = np.array(qobj_config.initial_unitary, 168 dtype=complex) 169 if self._initial_unitary is not None: 170 # Check the initial unitary is actually unitary 171 shape = np.shape(self._initial_unitary) 172 if len(shape) != 2 or shape[0] != shape[1]: 173 raise BasicAerError("initial unitary is not a square matrix") 174 iden = np.eye(len(self._initial_unitary)) 175 u_dagger_u = np.dot(self._initial_unitary.T.conj(), 176 self._initial_unitary) 177 norm = np.linalg.norm(u_dagger_u - iden) 178 if round(norm, 10) != 0: 179 raise BasicAerError("initial unitary is not unitary") 180 # Check the initial statevector is normalized 181 182 # Check for custom chop threshold 183 # Replace with custom options 184 if 'chop_threshold' in backend_options: 185 self._chop_threshold = backend_options['chop_threshold'] 186 elif hasattr(qobj_config, 'chop_threshold'): 187 self._chop_threshold = qobj_config.chop_threshold 188 189 def _initialize_unitary(self): 190 """Set the initial unitary for simulation""" 191 self._validate_initial_unitary() 192 if self._initial_unitary is None: 193 # Set to identity matrix 194 self._unitary = np.eye(2 ** self._number_of_qubits, 195 dtype=complex) 196 else: 197 self._unitary = self._initial_unitary.copy() 198 # Reshape to rank-N tensor 199 self._unitary = np.reshape(self._unitary, 200 self._number_of_qubits * [2, 2]) 201 202 def _get_unitary(self): 203 """Return the current unitary""" 204 unitary = np.reshape(self._unitary, 2 * [2 ** self._number_of_qubits]) 205 unitary[abs(unitary) < self._chop_threshold] = 0.0 206 return unitary 207 208 def run(self, qobj, backend_options=None): 209 """Run qobj asynchronously. 210 211 Args: 212 qobj (Qobj): payload of the experiment 213 backend_options (dict): backend options 214 215 Returns: 216 BasicAerJob: derived from BaseJob 217 218 Additional Information:: 219 220 backend_options: Is a dict of options for the backend. It may contain 221 * "initial_unitary": matrix_like 222 * "chop_threshold": double 223 224 The "initial_unitary" option specifies a custom initial unitary 225 matrix for the simulator to be used instead of the identity 226 matrix. This size of this matrix must be correct for the number 227 of qubits inall experiments in the qobj. 228 229 The "chop_threshold" option specifies a truncation value for 230 setting small values to zero in the output unitary. The default 231 value is 1e-15. 232 233 Example:: 234 235 backend_options = { 236 "initial_unitary": np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0], 237 [0, 0, 0, 1], 238 [0, 0, 1, 0], 239 [0, 1, 0, 0]]) 240 "chop_threshold": 1e-15 241 } 242 """ 243 self._set_options(qobj_config=qobj.config, 244 backend_options=backend_options) 245 job_id = str(uuid.uuid4()) 246 job = BasicAerJob(self, job_id, self._run_job, qobj) 247 job.submit() 248 return job 249 250 def _run_job(self, job_id, qobj): 251 """Run experiments in qobj. 252 253 Args: 254 job_id (str): unique id for the job. 255 qobj (Qobj): job description 256 257 Returns: 258 Result: Result object 259 """ 260 self._validate(qobj) 261 result_list = [] 262 start = time.time() 263 for experiment in qobj.experiments: 264 result_list.append(self.run_experiment(experiment)) 265 end = time.time() 266 result = {'backend_name': self.name(), 267 'backend_version': self._configuration.backend_version, 268 'qobj_id': qobj.qobj_id, 269 'job_id': job_id, 270 'results': result_list, 271 'status': 'COMPLETED', 272 'success': True, 273 'time_taken': (end - start), 274 'header': qobj.header.to_dict()} 275 276 return Result.from_dict(result) 277 278 def run_experiment(self, experiment): 279 """Run an experiment (circuit) and return a single experiment result. 280 281 Args: 282 experiment (QobjExperiment): experiment from qobj experiments list 283 284 Returns: 285 dict: A result dictionary which looks something like:: 286 287 { 288 "name": name of this experiment (obtained from qobj.experiment header) 289 "seed": random seed used for simulation 290 "shots": number of shots used in the simulation 291 "data": 292 { 293 "unitary": [[[0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0]], 294 [[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0]]] 295 }, 296 "status": status string for the simulation 297 "success": boolean 298 "time taken": simulation time of this single experiment 299 } 300 301 Raises: 302 BasicAerError: if the number of qubits in the circuit is greater than 24. 303 Note that the practical qubit limit is much lower than 24. 304 """ 305 start = time.time() 306 self._number_of_qubits = experiment.header.n_qubits 307 308 # Validate the dimension of initial unitary if set 309 self._validate_initial_unitary() 310 self._initialize_unitary() 311 312 for operation in experiment.instructions: 313 if operation.name == 'unitary': 314 qubits = operation.qubits 315 gate = operation.params[0] 316 self._add_unitary(gate, qubits) 317 # Check if single gate 318 elif operation.name in ('U', 'u1', 'u2', 'u3'): 319 params = getattr(operation, 'params', None) 320 qubit = operation.qubits[0] 321 gate = single_gate_matrix(operation.name, params) 322 self._add_unitary(gate, [qubit]) 323 elif operation.name in ('id', 'u0'): 324 pass 325 # Check if CX gate 326 elif operation.name in ('CX', 'cx'): 327 qubit0 = operation.qubits[0] 328 qubit1 = operation.qubits[1] 329 gate = cx_gate_matrix() 330 self._add_unitary(gate, [qubit0, qubit1]) 331 # Check if barrier 332 elif operation.name == 'barrier': 333 pass 334 else: 335 backend = self.name() 336 err_msg = '{0} encountered unrecognized operation "{1}"' 337 raise BasicAerError(err_msg.format(backend, operation.name)) 338 # Add final state to data 339 data = {'unitary': self._get_unitary()} 340 end = time.time() 341 return {'name': experiment.header.name, 342 'shots': 1, 343 'data': data, 344 'status': 'DONE', 345 'success': True, 346 'time_taken': (end - start), 347 'header': experiment.header.to_dict()} 348 349 def _validate(self, qobj): 350 """Semantic validations of the qobj which cannot be done via schemas. 351 Some of these may later move to backend schemas. 352 1. No shots 353 2. No measurements in the middle 354 """ 355 n_qubits = qobj.config.n_qubits 356 max_qubits = self.configuration().n_qubits 357 if n_qubits > max_qubits: 358 raise BasicAerError('Number of qubits {} '.format(n_qubits) + 359 'is greater than maximum ({}) '.format(max_qubits) + 360 'for "{}".'.format(self.name())) 361 if hasattr(qobj.config, 'shots') and qobj.config.shots != 1: 362 logger.info('"%s" only supports 1 shot. Setting shots=1.', 363 self.name()) 364 qobj.config.shots = 1 365 for experiment in qobj.experiments: 366 name = experiment.header.name 367 if getattr(experiment.config, 'shots', 1) != 1: 368 logger.info('"%s" only supports 1 shot. ' 369 'Setting shots=1 for circuit "%s".', 370 self.name(), name) 371 experiment.config.shots = 1 372 for operation in experiment.instructions: 373 if operation.name in ['measure', 'reset']: 374 raise BasicAerError('Unsupported "%s" instruction "%s" ' + 375 'in circuit "%s" ', self.name(), 376 operation.name, name) 377 [end of qiskit/providers/basicaer/unitary_simulator.py] [start of qiskit/quantum_info/states/statevector.py] 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 # This code is part of Qiskit. 4 # 5 # (C) Copyright IBM 2017, 2019. 6 # 7 # This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may 8 # obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory 9 # of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. 10 # 11 # Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this 12 # copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating 13 # that they have been altered from the originals. 14 15 """ 16 Statevector quantum state class. 17 """ 18 19 import re 20 import warnings 21 from numbers import Number 22 23 import numpy as np 24 25 from qiskit.circuit.quantumcircuit import QuantumCircuit 26 from qiskit.circuit.instruction import Instruction 27 from qiskit.exceptions import QiskitError 28 from qiskit.quantum_info.states.quantum_state import QuantumState 29 from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.operator import Operator 30 from qiskit.quantum_info.operators.predicates import matrix_equal 31 32 33 class Statevector(QuantumState): 34 """Statevector class""" 35 36 def __init__(self, data, dims=None): 37 """Initialize a statevector object. 38 39 Args: 40 data (vector_like): a complex statevector. 41 dims (int or tuple or list): Optional. The subsystem dimension of 42 the state (See additional information). 43 44 Raises: 45 QiskitError: if input data is not valid. 46 47 Additional Information: 48 The ``dims`` kwarg can be None, an integer, or an iterable of 49 integers. 50 51 * ``Iterable`` -- the subsystem dimensions are the values in the list 52 with the total number of subsystems given by the length of the list. 53 54 * ``Int`` or ``None`` -- the length of the input vector 55 specifies the total dimension of the density matrix. If it is a 56 power of two the state will be initialized as an N-qubit state. 57 If it is not a power of two the state will have a single 58 d-dimensional subsystem. 59 """ 60 if isinstance(data, (list, np.ndarray)): 61 # Finally we check if the input is a raw vector in either a 62 # python list or numpy array format. 63 self._data = np.asarray(data, dtype=complex) 64 elif isinstance(data, Statevector): 65 self._data = data._data 66 if dims is None: 67 dims = data._dims 68 elif isinstance(data, Operator): 69 # We allow conversion of column-vector operators to Statevectors 70 input_dim, output_dim = data.dim 71 if input_dim != 1: 72 raise QiskitError("Input Operator is not a column-vector.") 73 self._data = np.ravel(data.data) 74 else: 75 raise QiskitError("Invalid input data format for Statevector") 76 # Check that the input is a numpy vector or column-vector numpy 77 # matrix. If it is a column-vector matrix reshape to a vector. 78 ndim = self._data.ndim 79 shape = self._data.shape 80 if ndim != 1: 81 if ndim == 2 and shape[1] == 1: 82 self._data = np.reshape(self._data, shape[0]) 83 elif ndim != 2 or shape[1] != 1: 84 raise QiskitError("Invalid input: not a vector or column-vector.") 85 super().__init__(self._automatic_dims(dims, shape[0])) 86 87 def __eq__(self, other): 88 return super().__eq__(other) and np.allclose( 89 self._data, other._data, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) 90 91 def __repr__(self): 92 prefix = 'Statevector(' 93 pad = len(prefix) * ' ' 94 return '{}{},\n{}dims={})'.format( 95 prefix, np.array2string( 96 self.data, separator=', ', prefix=prefix), 97 pad, self._dims) 98 99 @property 100 def data(self): 101 """Return data.""" 102 return self._data 103 104 def is_valid(self, atol=None, rtol=None): 105 """Return True if a Statevector has norm 1.""" 106 if atol is None: 107 atol = self.atol 108 if rtol is None: 109 rtol = self.rtol 110 norm = np.linalg.norm(self.data) 111 return np.allclose(norm, 1, rtol=rtol, atol=atol) 112 113 def to_operator(self): 114 """Convert state to a rank-1 projector operator""" 115 mat = np.outer(self.data, np.conj(self.data)) 116 return Operator(mat, input_dims=self.dims(), output_dims=self.dims()) 117 118 def conjugate(self): 119 """Return the conjugate of the operator.""" 120 return Statevector(np.conj(self.data), dims=self.dims()) 121 122 def trace(self): 123 """Return the trace of the quantum state as a density matrix.""" 124 return np.sum(np.abs(self.data) ** 2) 125 126 def purity(self): 127 """Return the purity of the quantum state.""" 128 # For a valid statevector the purity is always 1, however if we simply 129 # have an arbitrary vector (not correctly normalized) then the 130 # purity is equivalent to the trace squared: 131 # P(|psi>) = Tr[|psi><psi|psi><psi|] = |<psi|psi>|^2 132 return self.trace() ** 2 133 134 def tensor(self, other): 135 """Return the tensor product state self ⊗ other. 136 137 Args: 138 other (Statevector): a quantum state object. 139 140 Returns: 141 Statevector: the tensor product operator self ⊗ other. 142 143 Raises: 144 QiskitError: if other is not a quantum state. 145 """ 146 if not isinstance(other, Statevector): 147 other = Statevector(other) 148 dims = other.dims() + self.dims() 149 data = np.kron(self._data, other._data) 150 return Statevector(data, dims) 151 152 def expand(self, other): 153 """Return the tensor product state other ⊗ self. 154 155 Args: 156 other (Statevector): a quantum state object. 157 158 Returns: 159 Statevector: the tensor product state other ⊗ self. 160 161 Raises: 162 QiskitError: if other is not a quantum state. 163 """ 164 if not isinstance(other, Statevector): 165 other = Statevector(other) 166 dims = self.dims() + other.dims() 167 data = np.kron(other._data, self._data) 168 return Statevector(data, dims) 169 170 def _add(self, other): 171 """Return the linear combination self + other. 172 173 Args: 174 other (Statevector): a quantum state object. 175 176 Returns: 177 Statevector: the linear combination self + other. 178 179 Raises: 180 QiskitError: if other is not a quantum state, or has 181 incompatible dimensions. 182 """ 183 if not isinstance(other, Statevector): 184 other = Statevector(other) 185 if self.dim != other.dim: 186 raise QiskitError("other Statevector has different dimensions.") 187 return Statevector(self.data + other.data, self.dims()) 188 189 def _multiply(self, other): 190 """Return the scalar multiplied state self * other. 191 192 Args: 193 other (complex): a complex number. 194 195 Returns: 196 Statevector: the scalar multiplied state other * self. 197 198 Raises: 199 QiskitError: if other is not a valid complex number. 200 """ 201 if not isinstance(other, Number): 202 raise QiskitError("other is not a number") 203 return Statevector(other * self.data, self.dims()) 204 205 def evolve(self, other, qargs=None): 206 """Evolve a quantum state by the operator. 207 208 Args: 209 other (Operator): The operator to evolve by. 210 qargs (list): a list of Statevector subsystem positions to apply 211 the operator on. 212 213 Returns: 214 Statevector: the output quantum state. 215 216 Raises: 217 QiskitError: if the operator dimension does not match the 218 specified Statevector subsystem dimensions. 219 """ 220 if qargs is None: 221 qargs = getattr(other, 'qargs', None) 222 223 # Evolution by a circuit or instruction 224 if isinstance(other, (QuantumCircuit, Instruction)): 225 return self._evolve_instruction(other, qargs=qargs) 226 # Evolution by an Operator 227 if not isinstance(other, Operator): 228 other = Operator(other) 229 if qargs is None: 230 # Evolution on full statevector 231 if self._dim != other._input_dim: 232 raise QiskitError( 233 "Operator input dimension is not equal to statevector dimension." 234 ) 235 return Statevector(np.dot(other.data, self.data), dims=other.output_dims()) 236 # Otherwise we are applying an operator only to subsystems 237 # Check dimensions of subsystems match the operator 238 if self.dims(qargs) != other.input_dims(): 239 raise QiskitError( 240 "Operator input dimensions are not equal to statevector subsystem dimensions." 241 ) 242 # Reshape statevector and operator 243 tensor = np.reshape(self.data, self._shape) 244 mat = np.reshape(other.data, other._shape) 245 # Construct list of tensor indices of statevector to be contracted 246 num_indices = len(self.dims()) 247 indices = [num_indices - 1 - qubit for qubit in qargs] 248 tensor = Operator._einsum_matmul(tensor, mat, indices) 249 new_dims = list(self.dims()) 250 for i, qubit in enumerate(qargs): 251 new_dims[qubit] = other._output_dims[i] 252 # Replace evolved dimensions 253 return Statevector(np.reshape(tensor, np.product(new_dims)), dims=new_dims) 254 255 def equiv(self, other, rtol=None, atol=None): 256 """Return True if statevectors are equivalent up to global phase. 257 258 Args: 259 other (Statevector): a statevector object. 260 rtol (float): relative tolerance value for comparison. 261 atol (float): absolute tolerance value for comparison. 262 263 Returns: 264 bool: True if statevectors are equivalent up to global phase. 265 """ 266 if not isinstance(other, Statevector): 267 try: 268 other = Statevector(other) 269 except QiskitError: 270 return False 271 if self.dim != other.dim: 272 return False 273 if atol is None: 274 atol = self.atol 275 if rtol is None: 276 rtol = self.rtol 277 return matrix_equal(self.data, other.data, ignore_phase=True, 278 rtol=rtol, atol=atol) 279 280 def probabilities(self, qargs=None, decimals=None): 281 """Return the subsystem measurement probability vector. 282 283 Measurement probabilities are with respect to measurement in the 284 computation (diagonal) basis. 285 286 Args: 287 qargs (None or list): subsystems to return probabilities for, 288 if None return for all subsystems (Default: None). 289 decimals (None or int): the number of decimal places to round 290 values. If None no rounding is done (Default: None). 291 292 Returns: 293 np.array: The Numpy vector array of probabilities. 294 295 Examples: 296 297 Consider a 2-qubit product state 298 :math:`|\\psi\\rangle=|+\\rangle\\otimes|0\\rangle`. 299 300 .. jupyter-execute:: 301 302 from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector 303 304 psi = Statevector.from_label('+0') 305 306 # Probabilities for measuring both qubits 307 probs = psi.probabilities() 308 print('probs: {}'.format(probs)) 309 310 # Probabilities for measuring only qubit-0 311 probs_qubit_0 = psi.probabilities([0]) 312 print('Qubit-0 probs: {}'.format(probs_qubit_0)) 313 314 # Probabilities for measuring only qubit-1 315 probs_qubit_1 = psi.probabilities([1]) 316 print('Qubit-1 probs: {}'.format(probs_qubit_1)) 317 318 We can also permute the order of qubits in the ``qargs`` list 319 to change the qubit position in the probabilities output 320 321 .. jupyter-execute:: 322 323 from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector 324 325 psi = Statevector.from_label('+0') 326 327 # Probabilities for measuring both qubits 328 probs = psi.probabilities([0, 1]) 329 print('probs: {}'.format(probs)) 330 331 # Probabilities for measuring both qubits 332 # but swapping qubits 0 and 1 in output 333 probs_swapped = psi.probabilities([1, 0]) 334 print('Swapped probs: {}'.format(probs_swapped)) 335 """ 336 probs = self._subsystem_probabilities( 337 np.abs(self.data) ** 2, self._dims, qargs=qargs) 338 if decimals is not None: 339 probs = probs.round(decimals=decimals) 340 return probs 341 342 def reset(self, qargs=None): 343 """Reset state or subsystems to the 0-state. 344 345 Args: 346 qargs (list or None): subsystems to reset, if None all 347 subsystems will be reset to their 0-state 348 (Default: None). 349 350 Returns: 351 Statevector: the reset state. 352 353 Additional Information: 354 If all subsystems are reset this will return the ground state 355 on all subsystems. If only a some subsystems are reset this 356 function will perform a measurement on those subsystems and 357 evolve the subsystems so that the collapsed post-measurement 358 states are rotated to the 0-state. The RNG seed for this 359 sampling can be set using the :meth:`seed` method. 360 """ 361 if qargs is None: 362 # Resetting all qubits does not require sampling or RNG 363 state = np.zeros(self._dim, dtype=complex) 364 state[0] = 1 365 return Statevector(state, dims=self._dims) 366 367 # Sample a single measurement outcome 368 dims = self.dims(qargs) 369 probs = self.probabilities(qargs) 370 sample = self._rng.choice(len(probs), p=probs, size=1) 371 372 # Convert to projector for state update 373 proj = np.zeros(len(probs), dtype=complex) 374 proj[sample] = 1 / np.sqrt(probs[sample]) 375 376 # Rotate outcome to 0 377 reset = np.eye(len(probs)) 378 reset[0, 0] = 0 379 reset[sample, sample] = 0 380 reset[0, sample] = 1 381 382 # compose with reset projection 383 reset = np.dot(reset, np.diag(proj)) 384 return self.evolve( 385 Operator(reset, input_dims=dims, output_dims=dims), 386 qargs=qargs) 387 388 def to_counts(self): 389 """Returns the statevector as a counts dict 390 of probabilities. 391 392 DEPRECATED: use :meth:`probabilities_dict` instead. 393 394 Returns: 395 dict: Counts of probabilities. 396 """ 397 warnings.warn( 398 'The `Statevector.to_counts` method is deprecated as of 0.13.0,' 399 ' and will be removed no earlier than 3 months after that ' 400 'release date. You should use the `Statevector.probabilities_dict`' 401 ' method instead.', DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) 402 return self.probabilities_dict() 403 404 @classmethod 405 def from_label(cls, label): 406 """Return a tensor product of Pauli X,Y,Z eigenstates. 407 408 .. list-table:: Single-qubit state labels 409 :header-rows: 1 410 411 * - Label 412 - Statevector 413 * - ``"0"`` 414 - :math:`[1, 0]` 415 * - ``"1"`` 416 - :math:`[0, 1]` 417 * - ``"+"`` 418 - :math:`[1 / \\sqrt{2}, 1 / \\sqrt{2}]` 419 * - ``"-"`` 420 - :math:`[1 / \\sqrt{2}, -1 / \\sqrt{2}]` 421 * - ``"r"`` 422 - :math:`[1 / \\sqrt{2}, i / \\sqrt{2}]` 423 * - ``"l"`` 424 - :math:`[1 / \\sqrt{2}, -i / \\sqrt{2}]` 425 426 Args: 427 label (string): a eigenstate string ket label (see table for 428 allowed values). 429 430 Returns: 431 Statevector: The N-qubit basis state density matrix. 432 433 Raises: 434 QiskitError: if the label contains invalid characters, or the 435 length of the label is larger than an explicitly 436 specified num_qubits. 437 """ 438 # Check label is valid 439 if re.match(r'^[01rl\-+]+$', label) is None: 440 raise QiskitError('Label contains invalid characters.') 441 # We can prepare Z-eigenstates by converting the computational 442 # basis bit-string to an integer and preparing that unit vector 443 # However, for X-basis states, we will prepare a Z-eigenstate first 444 # then apply Hadamard gates to rotate 0 and 1s to + and -. 445 z_label = label 446 xy_states = False 447 if re.match('^[01]+$', label) is None: 448 # We have X or Y eigenstates so replace +,r with 0 and 449 # -,l with 1 and prepare the corresponding Z state 450 xy_states = True 451 z_label = z_label.replace('+', '0') 452 z_label = z_label.replace('r', '0') 453 z_label = z_label.replace('-', '1') 454 z_label = z_label.replace('l', '1') 455 # Initialize Z eigenstate vector 456 num_qubits = len(label) 457 data = np.zeros(1 << num_qubits, dtype=complex) 458 pos = int(z_label, 2) 459 data[pos] = 1 460 state = Statevector(data) 461 if xy_states: 462 # Apply hadamards to all qubits in X eigenstates 463 x_mat = np.array([[1, 1], [1, -1]], dtype=complex) / np.sqrt(2) 464 # Apply S.H to qubits in Y eigenstates 465 y_mat = np.dot(np.diag([1, 1j]), x_mat) 466 for qubit, char in enumerate(reversed(label)): 467 if char in ['+', '-']: 468 state = state.evolve(x_mat, qargs=[qubit]) 469 elif char in ['r', 'l']: 470 state = state.evolve(y_mat, qargs=[qubit]) 471 return state 472 473 @staticmethod 474 def from_int(i, dims): 475 """Return a computational basis statevector. 476 477 Args: 478 i (int): the basis state element. 479 dims (int or tuple or list): The subsystem dimensions of the statevector 480 (See additional information). 481 482 Returns: 483 Statevector: The computational basis state :math:`|i\\rangle`. 484 485 Additional Information: 486 The ``dims`` kwarg can be an integer or an iterable of integers. 487 488 * ``Iterable`` -- the subsystem dimensions are the values in the list 489 with the total number of subsystems given by the length of the list. 490 491 * ``Int`` -- the integer specifies the total dimension of the 492 state. If it is a power of two the state will be initialized 493 as an N-qubit state. If it is not a power of two the state 494 will have a single d-dimensional subsystem. 495 """ 496 size = np.product(dims) 497 state = np.zeros(size, dtype=complex) 498 state[i] = 1.0 499 return Statevector(state, dims=dims) 500 501 @classmethod 502 def from_instruction(cls, instruction): 503 """Return the output statevector of an instruction. 504 505 The statevector is initialized in the state :math:`|{0,\\ldots,0}\\rangle` of the 506 same number of qubits as the input instruction or circuit, evolved 507 by the input instruction, and the output statevector returned. 508 509 Args: 510 instruction (qiskit.circuit.Instruction or QuantumCircuit): instruction or circuit 511 512 Returns: 513 Statevector: The final statevector. 514 515 Raises: 516 QiskitError: if the instruction contains invalid instructions for 517 the statevector simulation. 518 """ 519 # Convert circuit to an instruction 520 if isinstance(instruction, QuantumCircuit): 521 instruction = instruction.to_instruction() 522 # Initialize an the statevector in the all |0> state 523 init = np.zeros(2 ** instruction.num_qubits, dtype=complex) 524 init[0] = 1.0 525 vec = Statevector(init, dims=instruction.num_qubits * (2,)) 526 vec._append_instruction(instruction) 527 return vec 528 529 def to_dict(self, decimals=None): 530 r"""Convert the statevector to dictionary form. 531 532 This dictionary representation uses a Ket-like notation where the 533 dictionary keys are qudit strings for the subsystem basis vectors. 534 If any subsystem has a dimension greater than 10 comma delimiters are 535 inserted between integers so that subsystems can be distinguished. 536 537 Args: 538 decimals (None or int): the number of decimal places to round 539 values. If None no rounding is done 540 (Default: None). 541 542 Returns: 543 dict: the dictionary form of the Statevector. 544 545 Example: 546 547 The ket-form of a 2-qubit statevector 548 :math:`|\psi\rangle = |-\rangle\otimes |0\rangle` 549 550 .. jupyter-execute:: 551 552 from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector 553 554 psi = Statevector.from_label('-0') 555 print(psi.to_dict()) 556 557 For non-qubit subsystems the integer range can go from 0 to 9. For 558 example in a qutrit system 559 560 .. jupyter-execute:: 561 562 import numpy as np 563 from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector 564 565 vec = np.zeros(9) 566 vec[0] = 1 / np.sqrt(2) 567 vec[-1] = 1 / np.sqrt(2) 568 psi = Statevector(vec, dims=(3, 3)) 569 print(psi.to_dict()) 570 571 For large subsystem dimensions delimeters are required. The 572 following example is for a 20-dimensional system consisting of 573 a qubit and 10-dimensional qudit. 574 575 .. jupyter-execute:: 576 577 import numpy as np 578 from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector 579 580 vec = np.zeros(2 * 10) 581 vec[0] = 1 / np.sqrt(2) 582 vec[-1] = 1 / np.sqrt(2) 583 psi = Statevector(vec, dims=(2, 10)) 584 print(psi.to_dict()) 585 """ 586 return self._vector_to_dict(self.data, 587 self._dims, 588 decimals=decimals, 589 string_labels=True) 590 591 @property 592 def _shape(self): 593 """Return the tensor shape of the matrix operator""" 594 return tuple(reversed(self.dims())) 595 596 def _append_instruction(self, obj, qargs=None): 597 """Update the current Statevector by applying an instruction.""" 598 mat = Operator._instruction_to_matrix(obj) 599 if mat is not None: 600 # Perform the composition and inplace update the current state 601 # of the operator 602 state = self.evolve(mat, qargs=qargs) 603 self._data = state.data 604 else: 605 # If the instruction doesn't have a matrix defined we use its 606 # circuit decomposition definition if it exists, otherwise we 607 # cannot compose this gate and raise an error. 608 if obj.definition is None: 609 raise QiskitError('Cannot apply Instruction: {}'.format(obj.name)) 610 for instr, qregs, cregs in obj.definition: 611 if cregs: 612 raise QiskitError( 613 'Cannot apply instruction with classical registers: {}'.format( 614 instr.name)) 615 # Get the integer position of the flat register 616 if qargs is None: 617 new_qargs = [tup.index for tup in qregs] 618 else: 619 new_qargs = [qargs[tup.index] for tup in qregs] 620 self._append_instruction(instr, qargs=new_qargs) 621 622 def _evolve_instruction(self, obj, qargs=None): 623 """Return a new statevector by applying an instruction.""" 624 if isinstance(obj, QuantumCircuit): 625 obj = obj.to_instruction() 626 vec = Statevector(self.data, dims=self.dims()) 627 vec._append_instruction(obj, qargs=qargs) 628 return vec 629 [end of qiskit/quantum_info/states/statevector.py] </code> I need you to solve this issue by generating a single patch file that I can apply directly to this repository using git apply. Please respond with a single patch file in the following format. <patch> --- a/file.py +++ b/file.py @@ -1,27 +1,35 @@ def euclidean(a, b): - while b: - a, b = b, a % b - return a + if b == 0: + return a + return euclidean(b, a % b) def bresenham(x0, y0, x1, y1): points = [] dx = abs(x1 - x0) dy = abs(y1 - y0) - sx = 1 if x0 < x1 else -1 - sy = 1 if y0 < y1 else -1 - err = dx - dy + x, y = x0, y0 + sx = -1 if x0 > x1 else 1 + sy = -1 if y0 > y1 else 1 - while True: - points.append((x0, y0)) - if x0 == x1 and y0 == y1: - break - e2 = 2 * err - if e2 > -dy: + if dx > dy: + err = dx / 2.0 + while x != x1: + points.append((x, y)) err -= dy - x0 += sx - if e2 < dx: - err += dx - y0 += sy + if err < 0: + y += sy + err += dx + x += sx + else: + err = dy / 2.0 + while y != y1: + points.append((x, y)) + err -= dx + if err < 0: + x += sx + err += dy + y += sy + points.append((x, y)) return points </patch>
Qiskit/qiskit
aae6eab589915d948f89d1b131019282560df61a
`initialize` and `Statevector` don't play nicely <!-- ⚠️ If you do not respect this template, your issue will be closed --> <!-- ⚠️ Make sure to browse the opened and closed issues --> ### Informations - **Qiskit Aer version**: 0.5.1 - **Python version**: 3.7.3 - **Operating system**: OSX ### What is the current behavior? Using `initialize` in a circuit and then running with `Statevector` results in the error "Cannot apply Instruction: reset" ### Steps to reproduce the problem ``` import qiskit as qk import qiskit.quantum_info as qi from numpy import sqrt n = 2 ket0 = [1/sqrt(2),0,0,1/sqrt(2)] qc = qk.QuantumCircuit(n) qc.initialize(ket0,range(n)) ket_qi = qi.Statevector.from_instruction(qc) ```
Funny cause the circuit has no resets: ``` ┌───┐┌───────────────┐┌───┐» q_0: ─|0>──────────────────────────────┤ X ├┤ U3(-pi/2,0,0) ├┤ X ├» ┌──────────────┐┌───────────┐└─┬─┘└───────────────┘└─┬─┘» q_1: ─|0>─┤ U3(pi/2,0,0) ├┤ U3(0,0,0) ├──■─────────────────────■──» └──────────────┘└───────────┘ » « ┌──────────────┐┌───┐┌───────────┐┌───┐┌───────────┐ «q_0: ┤ U3(pi/2,0,0) ├┤ X ├┤ U3(0,0,0) ├┤ X ├┤ U3(0,0,0) ├ « └──────────────┘└─┬─┘└───────────┘└─┬─┘└───────────┘ «q_1: ──────────────────■─────────────────■─────────────── « ``` That circuit has a lot of things I don't like, but at least it has no resets. @nonhermitian That circuit *does* have resets, notice the two |0> |0> at the start? The definition of initialize has reset instructions on all qubits that are removed by the transpiler if it is the first instruction in a circuit. This is so you can "initialize" subsets of qubits at any stage of a circuit. I'm transferring this to Qiskit Terra. In the future please post issues related to the Quantum info module in Terra, not Aer. That is not just the initial state of the qubits? That is what used to be there. It is hard to tell the difference here. So that means that initialize is no longer a unitary operation like it was before? I guess I missed that as well. A reset method was added to the Statevector class last release, so the simulation could be updated to work with initialize via adding support of reset to the the from_instruction method. @nonhermitian I think this was changed recently in the draw function. Now circuits are drawn without any initial states, so any time you see them they refer to reset instructions. Yeah, it is just that the original text drawing is very close to the reset instructions so it is hard for the user to understand.
2020-05-15T16:51:32Z
<patch> diff --git a/qiskit/quantum_info/states/densitymatrix.py b/qiskit/quantum_info/states/densitymatrix.py --- a/qiskit/quantum_info/states/densitymatrix.py +++ b/qiskit/quantum_info/states/densitymatrix.py @@ -547,12 +547,22 @@ def _evolve_operator(self, other, qargs=None): def _append_instruction(self, other, qargs=None): """Update the current Statevector by applying an instruction.""" + from qiskit.circuit.reset import Reset + from qiskit.circuit.barrier import Barrier # Try evolving by a matrix operator (unitary-like evolution) mat = Operator._instruction_to_matrix(other) if mat is not None: self._data = self._evolve_operator(Operator(mat), qargs=qargs).data return + + # Special instruction types + if isinstance(other, Reset): + self._data = self.reset(qargs)._data + return + if isinstance(other, Barrier): + return + # Otherwise try evolving by a Superoperator chan = SuperOp._instruction_to_superop(other) if chan is not None: diff --git a/qiskit/quantum_info/states/statevector.py b/qiskit/quantum_info/states/statevector.py --- a/qiskit/quantum_info/states/statevector.py +++ b/qiskit/quantum_info/states/statevector.py @@ -595,29 +595,40 @@ def _shape(self): def _append_instruction(self, obj, qargs=None): """Update the current Statevector by applying an instruction.""" + from qiskit.circuit.reset import Reset + from qiskit.circuit.barrier import Barrier + mat = Operator._instruction_to_matrix(obj) if mat is not None: # Perform the composition and inplace update the current state # of the operator - state = self.evolve(mat, qargs=qargs) - self._data = state.data - else: - # If the instruction doesn't have a matrix defined we use its - # circuit decomposition definition if it exists, otherwise we - # cannot compose this gate and raise an error. - if obj.definition is None: - raise QiskitError('Cannot apply Instruction: {}'.format(obj.name)) - for instr, qregs, cregs in obj.definition: - if cregs: - raise QiskitError( - 'Cannot apply instruction with classical registers: {}'.format( - instr.name)) - # Get the integer position of the flat register - if qargs is None: - new_qargs = [tup.index for tup in qregs] - else: - new_qargs = [qargs[tup.index] for tup in qregs] - self._append_instruction(instr, qargs=new_qargs) + self._data = self.evolve(mat, qargs=qargs).data + return + + # Special instruction types + if isinstance(obj, Reset): + self._data = self.reset(qargs)._data + return + if isinstance(obj, Barrier): + return + + # If the instruction doesn't have a matrix defined we use its + # circuit decomposition definition if it exists, otherwise we + # cannot compose this gate and raise an error. + if obj.definition is None: + raise QiskitError('Cannot apply Instruction: {}'.format(obj.name)) + + for instr, qregs, cregs in obj.definition: + if cregs: + raise QiskitError( + 'Cannot apply instruction with classical registers: {}'.format( + instr.name)) + # Get the integer position of the flat register + if qargs is None: + new_qargs = [tup.index for tup in qregs] + else: + new_qargs = [qargs[tup.index] for tup in qregs] + self._append_instruction(instr, qargs=new_qargs) def _evolve_instruction(self, obj, qargs=None): """Return a new statevector by applying an instruction.""" </patch>
[]
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ipython__ipython-10213
You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolve. <issue> remove usage of backports.shutil_get_terminal_size This is for pre-3.3 Python. Pretty easy it should only require deleting lines. Maybe a few need to be dedented. </issue> <code> [start of README.rst] 1 .. image:: https://codecov.io/github/ipython/ipython/coverage.svg?branch=master 2 :target: https://codecov.io/github/ipython/ipython?branch=master 3 4 .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/dm/IPython.svg 5 :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ipython 6 7 .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/IPython.svg 8 :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/ipython 9 10 .. image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/ipython/ipython.svg 11 :target: https://travis-ci.org/ipython/ipython 12 13 14 =========================================== 15 IPython: Productive Interactive Computing 16 =========================================== 17 18 Overview 19 ======== 20 21 Welcome to IPython. Our full documentation is available on `ipython.readthedocs.io 22 <https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`_ and contains information on how to install, use and 23 contribute to the project. 24 25 Officially, IPython requires Python version 3.3 and above. 26 IPython 5.x is the last IPython version to support Python 2.7. 27 28 The Notebook, Qt console and a number of other pieces are now parts of *Jupyter*. 29 See the `Jupyter installation docs <http://jupyter.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install.html>`__ 30 if you want to use these. 31 32 33 34 35 Development and Instant running 36 =============================== 37 38 You can find the latest version of the development documentation on `readthedocs 39 <http://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_. 40 41 You can run IPython from this directory without even installing it system-wide 42 by typing at the terminal:: 43 44 $ python -m IPython 45 46 Or see the `development installation docs 47 <http://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install/install.html#installing-the-development-version>`_ 48 for the latest revision on read the docs. 49 50 Documentation and installation instructions for older version of IPython can be 51 found on the `IPython website <http://ipython.org/documentation.html>`_ 52 53 54 55 IPython requires Python version 3 or above 56 ========================================== 57 58 Starting with version 6.0, IPython does not support Python 2.7, 3.0, 3.1, or 59 3.2. 60 61 For a version compatible with Python 2.7, please install the 5.x LTS Long Term 62 Support version. 63 64 If you are encountering this error message you are likely trying to install or 65 use IPython from source. You need to checkout the remote 5.x branch. If you are 66 using git the following should work: 67 68 $ git fetch origin 69 $ git checkout -b origin/5.x 70 71 If you encounter this error message with a regular install of IPython, then you 72 likely need to update your package manager, for example if you are using `pip` 73 check the version of pip with 74 75 $ pip --version 76 77 You will need to update pip to the version 8.2 or greater. If you are not using 78 pip, please inquiry with the maintainers of the package for your package 79 manager. 80 81 For more information see one of our blog posts: 82 83 http://blog.jupyter.org/2016/07/08/ipython-5-0-released/ 84 85 As well as the following Pull-Request for discussion: 86 87 https://github.com/ipython/ipython/pull/9900 88 [end of README.rst] [start of IPython/core/magics/basic.py] 1 """Implementation of basic magic functions.""" 2 3 4 import argparse 5 import io 6 import sys 7 from pprint import pformat 8 9 from IPython.core import magic_arguments, page 10 from IPython.core.error import UsageError 11 from IPython.core.magic import Magics, magics_class, line_magic, magic_escapes 12 from IPython.utils.text import format_screen, dedent, indent 13 from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest 14 from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct 15 from warnings import warn 16 from logging import error 17 18 19 class MagicsDisplay(object): 20 def __init__(self, magics_manager): 21 self.magics_manager = magics_manager 22 23 def _lsmagic(self): 24 """The main implementation of the %lsmagic""" 25 mesc = magic_escapes['line'] 26 cesc = magic_escapes['cell'] 27 mman = self.magics_manager 28 magics = mman.lsmagic() 29 out = ['Available line magics:', 30 mesc + (' '+mesc).join(sorted(magics['line'])), 31 '', 32 'Available cell magics:', 33 cesc + (' '+cesc).join(sorted(magics['cell'])), 34 '', 35 mman.auto_status()] 36 return '\n'.join(out) 37 38 def _repr_pretty_(self, p, cycle): 39 p.text(self._lsmagic()) 40 41 def __str__(self): 42 return self._lsmagic() 43 44 def _jsonable(self): 45 """turn magics dict into jsonable dict of the same structure 46 47 replaces object instances with their class names as strings 48 """ 49 magic_dict = {} 50 mman = self.magics_manager 51 magics = mman.lsmagic() 52 for key, subdict in magics.items(): 53 d = {} 54 magic_dict[key] = d 55 for name, obj in subdict.items(): 56 try: 57 classname = obj.__self__.__class__.__name__ 58 except AttributeError: 59 classname = 'Other' 60 61 d[name] = classname 62 return magic_dict 63 64 def _repr_json_(self): 65 return self._jsonable() 66 67 68 @magics_class 69 class BasicMagics(Magics): 70 """Magics that provide central IPython functionality. 71 72 These are various magics that don't fit into specific categories but that 73 are all part of the base 'IPython experience'.""" 74 75 @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() 76 @magic_arguments.argument( 77 '-l', '--line', action='store_true', 78 help="""Create a line magic alias.""" 79 ) 80 @magic_arguments.argument( 81 '-c', '--cell', action='store_true', 82 help="""Create a cell magic alias.""" 83 ) 84 @magic_arguments.argument( 85 'name', 86 help="""Name of the magic to be created.""" 87 ) 88 @magic_arguments.argument( 89 'target', 90 help="""Name of the existing line or cell magic.""" 91 ) 92 @line_magic 93 def alias_magic(self, line=''): 94 """Create an alias for an existing line or cell magic. 95 96 Examples 97 -------- 98 :: 99 100 In [1]: %alias_magic t timeit 101 Created `%t` as an alias for `%timeit`. 102 Created `%%t` as an alias for `%%timeit`. 103 104 In [2]: %t -n1 pass 105 1 loops, best of 3: 954 ns per loop 106 107 In [3]: %%t -n1 108 ...: pass 109 ...: 110 1 loops, best of 3: 954 ns per loop 111 112 In [4]: %alias_magic --cell whereami pwd 113 UsageError: Cell magic function `%%pwd` not found. 114 In [5]: %alias_magic --line whereami pwd 115 Created `%whereami` as an alias for `%pwd`. 116 117 In [6]: %whereami 118 Out[6]: u'/home/testuser' 119 """ 120 args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.alias_magic, line) 121 shell = self.shell 122 mman = self.shell.magics_manager 123 escs = ''.join(magic_escapes.values()) 124 125 target = args.target.lstrip(escs) 126 name = args.name.lstrip(escs) 127 128 # Find the requested magics. 129 m_line = shell.find_magic(target, 'line') 130 m_cell = shell.find_magic(target, 'cell') 131 if args.line and m_line is None: 132 raise UsageError('Line magic function `%s%s` not found.' % 133 (magic_escapes['line'], target)) 134 if args.cell and m_cell is None: 135 raise UsageError('Cell magic function `%s%s` not found.' % 136 (magic_escapes['cell'], target)) 137 138 # If --line and --cell are not specified, default to the ones 139 # that are available. 140 if not args.line and not args.cell: 141 if not m_line and not m_cell: 142 raise UsageError( 143 'No line or cell magic with name `%s` found.' % target 144 ) 145 args.line = bool(m_line) 146 args.cell = bool(m_cell) 147 148 if args.line: 149 mman.register_alias(name, target, 'line') 150 print('Created `%s%s` as an alias for `%s%s`.' % ( 151 magic_escapes['line'], name, 152 magic_escapes['line'], target)) 153 154 if args.cell: 155 mman.register_alias(name, target, 'cell') 156 print('Created `%s%s` as an alias for `%s%s`.' % ( 157 magic_escapes['cell'], name, 158 magic_escapes['cell'], target)) 159 160 @line_magic 161 def lsmagic(self, parameter_s=''): 162 """List currently available magic functions.""" 163 return MagicsDisplay(self.shell.magics_manager) 164 165 def _magic_docs(self, brief=False, rest=False): 166 """Return docstrings from magic functions.""" 167 mman = self.shell.magics_manager 168 docs = mman.lsmagic_docs(brief, missing='No documentation') 169 170 if rest: 171 format_string = '**%s%s**::\n\n%s\n\n' 172 else: 173 format_string = '%s%s:\n%s\n' 174 175 return ''.join( 176 [format_string % (magic_escapes['line'], fname, 177 indent(dedent(fndoc))) 178 for fname, fndoc in sorted(docs['line'].items())] 179 + 180 [format_string % (magic_escapes['cell'], fname, 181 indent(dedent(fndoc))) 182 for fname, fndoc in sorted(docs['cell'].items())] 183 ) 184 185 @line_magic 186 def magic(self, parameter_s=''): 187 """Print information about the magic function system. 188 189 Supported formats: -latex, -brief, -rest 190 """ 191 192 mode = '' 193 try: 194 mode = parameter_s.split()[0][1:] 195 except IndexError: 196 pass 197 198 brief = (mode == 'brief') 199 rest = (mode == 'rest') 200 magic_docs = self._magic_docs(brief, rest) 201 202 if mode == 'latex': 203 print(self.format_latex(magic_docs)) 204 return 205 else: 206 magic_docs = format_screen(magic_docs) 207 208 out = [""" 209 IPython's 'magic' functions 210 =========================== 211 212 The magic function system provides a series of functions which allow you to 213 control the behavior of IPython itself, plus a lot of system-type 214 features. There are two kinds of magics, line-oriented and cell-oriented. 215 216 Line magics are prefixed with the % character and work much like OS 217 command-line calls: they get as an argument the rest of the line, where 218 arguments are passed without parentheses or quotes. For example, this will 219 time the given statement:: 220 221 %timeit range(1000) 222 223 Cell magics are prefixed with a double %%, and they are functions that get as 224 an argument not only the rest of the line, but also the lines below it in a 225 separate argument. These magics are called with two arguments: the rest of the 226 call line and the body of the cell, consisting of the lines below the first. 227 For example:: 228 229 %%timeit x = numpy.random.randn((100, 100)) 230 numpy.linalg.svd(x) 231 232 will time the execution of the numpy svd routine, running the assignment of x 233 as part of the setup phase, which is not timed. 234 235 In a line-oriented client (the terminal or Qt console IPython), starting a new 236 input with %% will automatically enter cell mode, and IPython will continue 237 reading input until a blank line is given. In the notebook, simply type the 238 whole cell as one entity, but keep in mind that the %% escape can only be at 239 the very start of the cell. 240 241 NOTE: If you have 'automagic' enabled (via the command line option or with the 242 %automagic function), you don't need to type in the % explicitly for line 243 magics; cell magics always require an explicit '%%' escape. By default, 244 IPython ships with automagic on, so you should only rarely need the % escape. 245 246 Example: typing '%cd mydir' (without the quotes) changes your working directory 247 to 'mydir', if it exists. 248 249 For a list of the available magic functions, use %lsmagic. For a description 250 of any of them, type %magic_name?, e.g. '%cd?'. 251 252 Currently the magic system has the following functions:""", 253 magic_docs, 254 "Summary of magic functions (from %slsmagic):" % magic_escapes['line'], 255 str(self.lsmagic()), 256 ] 257 page.page('\n'.join(out)) 258 259 260 @line_magic 261 def page(self, parameter_s=''): 262 """Pretty print the object and display it through a pager. 263 264 %page [options] OBJECT 265 266 If no object is given, use _ (last output). 267 268 Options: 269 270 -r: page str(object), don't pretty-print it.""" 271 272 # After a function contributed by Olivier Aubert, slightly modified. 273 274 # Process options/args 275 opts, args = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'r') 276 raw = 'r' in opts 277 278 oname = args and args or '_' 279 info = self.shell._ofind(oname) 280 if info['found']: 281 txt = (raw and str or pformat)( info['obj'] ) 282 page.page(txt) 283 else: 284 print('Object `%s` not found' % oname) 285 286 @line_magic 287 def profile(self, parameter_s=''): 288 """Print your currently active IPython profile. 289 290 See Also 291 -------- 292 prun : run code using the Python profiler 293 (:meth:`~IPython.core.magics.execution.ExecutionMagics.prun`) 294 """ 295 warn("%profile is now deprecated. Please use get_ipython().profile instead.") 296 from IPython.core.application import BaseIPythonApplication 297 if BaseIPythonApplication.initialized(): 298 print(BaseIPythonApplication.instance().profile) 299 else: 300 error("profile is an application-level value, but you don't appear to be in an IPython application") 301 302 @line_magic 303 def pprint(self, parameter_s=''): 304 """Toggle pretty printing on/off.""" 305 ptformatter = self.shell.display_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] 306 ptformatter.pprint = bool(1 - ptformatter.pprint) 307 print('Pretty printing has been turned', 308 ['OFF','ON'][ptformatter.pprint]) 309 310 @line_magic 311 def colors(self, parameter_s=''): 312 """Switch color scheme for prompts, info system and exception handlers. 313 314 Currently implemented schemes: NoColor, Linux, LightBG. 315 316 Color scheme names are not case-sensitive. 317 318 Examples 319 -------- 320 To get a plain black and white terminal:: 321 322 %colors nocolor 323 """ 324 def color_switch_err(name): 325 warn('Error changing %s color schemes.\n%s' % 326 (name, sys.exc_info()[1]), stacklevel=2) 327 328 329 new_scheme = parameter_s.strip() 330 if not new_scheme: 331 raise UsageError( 332 "%colors: you must specify a color scheme. See '%colors?'") 333 # local shortcut 334 shell = self.shell 335 336 # Set shell colour scheme 337 try: 338 shell.colors = new_scheme 339 shell.refresh_style() 340 except: 341 color_switch_err('shell') 342 343 # Set exception colors 344 try: 345 shell.InteractiveTB.set_colors(scheme = new_scheme) 346 shell.SyntaxTB.set_colors(scheme = new_scheme) 347 except: 348 color_switch_err('exception') 349 350 # Set info (for 'object?') colors 351 if shell.color_info: 352 try: 353 shell.inspector.set_active_scheme(new_scheme) 354 except: 355 color_switch_err('object inspector') 356 else: 357 shell.inspector.set_active_scheme('NoColor') 358 359 @line_magic 360 def xmode(self, parameter_s=''): 361 """Switch modes for the exception handlers. 362 363 Valid modes: Plain, Context and Verbose. 364 365 If called without arguments, acts as a toggle.""" 366 367 def xmode_switch_err(name): 368 warn('Error changing %s exception modes.\n%s' % 369 (name,sys.exc_info()[1])) 370 371 shell = self.shell 372 new_mode = parameter_s.strip().capitalize() 373 try: 374 shell.InteractiveTB.set_mode(mode=new_mode) 375 print('Exception reporting mode:',shell.InteractiveTB.mode) 376 except: 377 xmode_switch_err('user') 378 379 @line_magic 380 def quickref(self,arg): 381 """ Show a quick reference sheet """ 382 from IPython.core.usage import quick_reference 383 qr = quick_reference + self._magic_docs(brief=True) 384 page.page(qr) 385 386 @line_magic 387 def doctest_mode(self, parameter_s=''): 388 """Toggle doctest mode on and off. 389 390 This mode is intended to make IPython behave as much as possible like a 391 plain Python shell, from the perspective of how its prompts, exceptions 392 and output look. This makes it easy to copy and paste parts of a 393 session into doctests. It does so by: 394 395 - Changing the prompts to the classic ``>>>`` ones. 396 - Changing the exception reporting mode to 'Plain'. 397 - Disabling pretty-printing of output. 398 399 Note that IPython also supports the pasting of code snippets that have 400 leading '>>>' and '...' prompts in them. This means that you can paste 401 doctests from files or docstrings (even if they have leading 402 whitespace), and the code will execute correctly. You can then use 403 '%history -t' to see the translated history; this will give you the 404 input after removal of all the leading prompts and whitespace, which 405 can be pasted back into an editor. 406 407 With these features, you can switch into this mode easily whenever you 408 need to do testing and changes to doctests, without having to leave 409 your existing IPython session. 410 """ 411 412 # Shorthands 413 shell = self.shell 414 meta = shell.meta 415 disp_formatter = self.shell.display_formatter 416 ptformatter = disp_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] 417 # dstore is a data store kept in the instance metadata bag to track any 418 # changes we make, so we can undo them later. 419 dstore = meta.setdefault('doctest_mode',Struct()) 420 save_dstore = dstore.setdefault 421 422 # save a few values we'll need to recover later 423 mode = save_dstore('mode',False) 424 save_dstore('rc_pprint',ptformatter.pprint) 425 save_dstore('xmode',shell.InteractiveTB.mode) 426 save_dstore('rc_separate_out',shell.separate_out) 427 save_dstore('rc_separate_out2',shell.separate_out2) 428 save_dstore('rc_separate_in',shell.separate_in) 429 save_dstore('rc_active_types',disp_formatter.active_types) 430 431 if not mode: 432 # turn on 433 434 # Prompt separators like plain python 435 shell.separate_in = '' 436 shell.separate_out = '' 437 shell.separate_out2 = '' 438 439 440 ptformatter.pprint = False 441 disp_formatter.active_types = ['text/plain'] 442 443 shell.magic('xmode Plain') 444 else: 445 # turn off 446 shell.separate_in = dstore.rc_separate_in 447 448 shell.separate_out = dstore.rc_separate_out 449 shell.separate_out2 = dstore.rc_separate_out2 450 451 ptformatter.pprint = dstore.rc_pprint 452 disp_formatter.active_types = dstore.rc_active_types 453 454 shell.magic('xmode ' + dstore.xmode) 455 456 # mode here is the state before we switch; switch_doctest_mode takes 457 # the mode we're switching to. 458 shell.switch_doctest_mode(not mode) 459 460 # Store new mode and inform 461 dstore.mode = bool(not mode) 462 mode_label = ['OFF','ON'][dstore.mode] 463 print('Doctest mode is:', mode_label) 464 465 @line_magic 466 def gui(self, parameter_s=''): 467 """Enable or disable IPython GUI event loop integration. 468 469 %gui [GUINAME] 470 471 This magic replaces IPython's threaded shells that were activated 472 using the (pylab/wthread/etc.) command line flags. GUI toolkits 473 can now be enabled at runtime and keyboard 474 interrupts should work without any problems. The following toolkits 475 are supported: wxPython, PyQt4, PyGTK, Tk and Cocoa (OSX):: 476 477 %gui wx # enable wxPython event loop integration 478 %gui qt4|qt # enable PyQt4 event loop integration 479 %gui qt5 # enable PyQt5 event loop integration 480 %gui gtk # enable PyGTK event loop integration 481 %gui gtk3 # enable Gtk3 event loop integration 482 %gui tk # enable Tk event loop integration 483 %gui osx # enable Cocoa event loop integration 484 # (requires %matplotlib 1.1) 485 %gui # disable all event loop integration 486 487 WARNING: after any of these has been called you can simply create 488 an application object, but DO NOT start the event loop yourself, as 489 we have already handled that. 490 """ 491 opts, arg = self.parse_options(parameter_s, '') 492 if arg=='': arg = None 493 try: 494 return self.shell.enable_gui(arg) 495 except Exception as e: 496 # print simple error message, rather than traceback if we can't 497 # hook up the GUI 498 error(str(e)) 499 500 @skip_doctest 501 @line_magic 502 def precision(self, s=''): 503 """Set floating point precision for pretty printing. 504 505 Can set either integer precision or a format string. 506 507 If numpy has been imported and precision is an int, 508 numpy display precision will also be set, via ``numpy.set_printoptions``. 509 510 If no argument is given, defaults will be restored. 511 512 Examples 513 -------- 514 :: 515 516 In [1]: from math import pi 517 518 In [2]: %precision 3 519 Out[2]: u'%.3f' 520 521 In [3]: pi 522 Out[3]: 3.142 523 524 In [4]: %precision %i 525 Out[4]: u'%i' 526 527 In [5]: pi 528 Out[5]: 3 529 530 In [6]: %precision %e 531 Out[6]: u'%e' 532 533 In [7]: pi**10 534 Out[7]: 9.364805e+04 535 536 In [8]: %precision 537 Out[8]: u'%r' 538 539 In [9]: pi**10 540 Out[9]: 93648.047476082982 541 """ 542 ptformatter = self.shell.display_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] 543 ptformatter.float_precision = s 544 return ptformatter.float_format 545 546 @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() 547 @magic_arguments.argument( 548 '-e', '--export', action='store_true', default=False, 549 help=argparse.SUPPRESS 550 ) 551 @magic_arguments.argument( 552 'filename', type=str, 553 help='Notebook name or filename' 554 ) 555 @line_magic 556 def notebook(self, s): 557 """Export and convert IPython notebooks. 558 559 This function can export the current IPython history to a notebook file. 560 For example, to export the history to "foo.ipynb" do "%notebook foo.ipynb". 561 562 The -e or --export flag is deprecated in IPython 5.2, and will be 563 removed in the future. 564 """ 565 args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.notebook, s) 566 567 from nbformat import write, v4 568 569 cells = [] 570 hist = list(self.shell.history_manager.get_range()) 571 if(len(hist)<=1): 572 raise ValueError('History is empty, cannot export') 573 for session, execution_count, source in hist[:-1]: 574 cells.append(v4.new_code_cell( 575 execution_count=execution_count, 576 source=source 577 )) 578 nb = v4.new_notebook(cells=cells) 579 with io.open(args.filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: 580 write(nb, f, version=4) 581 [end of IPython/core/magics/basic.py] [start of IPython/utils/tokenize2.py] 1 """Patched version of standard library tokenize, to deal with various bugs. 2 3 Based on Python 3.2 code. 4 5 Patches: 6 7 - Gareth Rees' patch for Python issue #12691 (untokenizing) 8 - Except we don't encode the output of untokenize 9 - Python 2 compatible syntax, so that it can be byte-compiled at installation 10 - Newlines in comments and blank lines should be either NL or NEWLINE, depending 11 on whether they are in a multi-line statement. Filed as Python issue #17061. 12 - Export generate_tokens & TokenError 13 - u and rb literals are allowed under Python 3.3 and above. 14 15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 Tokenization help for Python programs. 17 18 tokenize(readline) is a generator that breaks a stream of bytes into 19 Python tokens. It decodes the bytes according to PEP-0263 for 20 determining source file encoding. 21 22 It accepts a readline-like method which is called repeatedly to get the 23 next line of input (or b"" for EOF). It generates 5-tuples with these 24 members: 25 26 the token type (see token.py) 27 the token (a string) 28 the starting (row, column) indices of the token (a 2-tuple of ints) 29 the ending (row, column) indices of the token (a 2-tuple of ints) 30 the original line (string) 31 32 It is designed to match the working of the Python tokenizer exactly, except 33 that it produces COMMENT tokens for comments and gives type OP for all 34 operators. Additionally, all token lists start with an ENCODING token 35 which tells you which encoding was used to decode the bytes stream. 36 """ 37 38 __author__ = 'Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>' 39 __credits__ = ('GvR, ESR, Tim Peters, Thomas Wouters, Fred Drake, ' 40 'Skip Montanaro, Raymond Hettinger, Trent Nelson, ' 41 'Michael Foord') 42 import builtins 43 import re 44 import sys 45 from token import * 46 from codecs import lookup, BOM_UTF8 47 import collections 48 from io import TextIOWrapper 49 cookie_re = re.compile("coding[:=]\s*([-\w.]+)") 50 51 import token 52 __all__ = token.__all__ + ["COMMENT", "tokenize", "detect_encoding", 53 "NL", "untokenize", "ENCODING", "TokenInfo"] 54 del token 55 56 __all__ += ["generate_tokens", "TokenError"] 57 58 COMMENT = N_TOKENS 59 tok_name[COMMENT] = 'COMMENT' 60 NL = N_TOKENS + 1 61 tok_name[NL] = 'NL' 62 ENCODING = N_TOKENS + 2 63 tok_name[ENCODING] = 'ENCODING' 64 N_TOKENS += 3 65 66 class TokenInfo(collections.namedtuple('TokenInfo', 'type string start end line')): 67 def __repr__(self): 68 annotated_type = '%d (%s)' % (self.type, tok_name[self.type]) 69 return ('TokenInfo(type=%s, string=%r, start=%r, end=%r, line=%r)' % 70 self._replace(type=annotated_type)) 71 72 def group(*choices): return '(' + '|'.join(choices) + ')' 73 def any(*choices): return group(*choices) + '*' 74 def maybe(*choices): return group(*choices) + '?' 75 76 # Note: we use unicode matching for names ("\w") but ascii matching for 77 # number literals. 78 Whitespace = r'[ \f\t]*' 79 Comment = r'#[^\r\n]*' 80 Ignore = Whitespace + any(r'\\\r?\n' + Whitespace) + maybe(Comment) 81 Name = r'\w+' 82 83 Hexnumber = r'0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+' 84 Binnumber = r'0[bB][01]+' 85 Octnumber = r'0[oO][0-7]+' 86 Decnumber = r'(?:0+|[1-9][0-9]*)' 87 Intnumber = group(Hexnumber, Binnumber, Octnumber, Decnumber) 88 Exponent = r'[eE][-+]?[0-9]+' 89 Pointfloat = group(r'[0-9]+\.[0-9]*', r'\.[0-9]+') + maybe(Exponent) 90 Expfloat = r'[0-9]+' + Exponent 91 Floatnumber = group(Pointfloat, Expfloat) 92 Imagnumber = group(r'[0-9]+[jJ]', Floatnumber + r'[jJ]') 93 Number = group(Imagnumber, Floatnumber, Intnumber) 94 95 if sys.version_info.minor >= 3: 96 StringPrefix = r'(?:[bB][rR]?|[rR][bB]?|[uU])?' 97 else: 98 StringPrefix = r'(?:[bB]?[rR]?)?' 99 100 # Tail end of ' string. 101 Single = r"[^'\\]*(?:\\.[^'\\]*)*'" 102 # Tail end of " string. 103 Double = r'[^"\\]*(?:\\.[^"\\]*)*"' 104 # Tail end of ''' string. 105 Single3 = r"[^'\\]*(?:(?:\\.|'(?!''))[^'\\]*)*'''" 106 # Tail end of """ string. 107 Double3 = r'[^"\\]*(?:(?:\\.|"(?!""))[^"\\]*)*"""' 108 Triple = group(StringPrefix + "'''", StringPrefix + '"""') 109 # Single-line ' or " string. 110 String = group(StringPrefix + r"'[^\n'\\]*(?:\\.[^\n'\\]*)*'", 111 StringPrefix + r'"[^\n"\\]*(?:\\.[^\n"\\]*)*"') 112 113 # Because of leftmost-then-longest match semantics, be sure to put the 114 # longest operators first (e.g., if = came before ==, == would get 115 # recognized as two instances of =). 116 Operator = group(r"\*\*=?", r">>=?", r"<<=?", r"!=", 117 r"//=?", r"->", 118 r"[+\-*/%&|^=<>]=?", 119 r"~") 120 121 Bracket = '[][(){}]' 122 Special = group(r'\r?\n', r'\.\.\.', r'[:;.,@]') 123 Funny = group(Operator, Bracket, Special) 124 125 PlainToken = group(Number, Funny, String, Name) 126 Token = Ignore + PlainToken 127 128 # First (or only) line of ' or " string. 129 ContStr = group(StringPrefix + r"'[^\n'\\]*(?:\\.[^\n'\\]*)*" + 130 group("'", r'\\\r?\n'), 131 StringPrefix + r'"[^\n"\\]*(?:\\.[^\n"\\]*)*' + 132 group('"', r'\\\r?\n')) 133 PseudoExtras = group(r'\\\r?\n', Comment, Triple) 134 PseudoToken = Whitespace + group(PseudoExtras, Number, Funny, ContStr, Name) 135 136 def _compile(expr): 137 return re.compile(expr, re.UNICODE) 138 139 tokenprog, pseudoprog, single3prog, double3prog = map( 140 _compile, (Token, PseudoToken, Single3, Double3)) 141 endprogs = {"'": _compile(Single), '"': _compile(Double), 142 "'''": single3prog, '"""': double3prog, 143 "r'''": single3prog, 'r"""': double3prog, 144 "b'''": single3prog, 'b"""': double3prog, 145 "R'''": single3prog, 'R"""': double3prog, 146 "B'''": single3prog, 'B"""': double3prog, 147 "br'''": single3prog, 'br"""': double3prog, 148 "bR'''": single3prog, 'bR"""': double3prog, 149 "Br'''": single3prog, 'Br"""': double3prog, 150 "BR'''": single3prog, 'BR"""': double3prog, 151 'r': None, 'R': None, 'b': None, 'B': None} 152 153 triple_quoted = {} 154 for t in ("'''", '"""', 155 "r'''", 'r"""', "R'''", 'R"""', 156 "b'''", 'b"""', "B'''", 'B"""', 157 "br'''", 'br"""', "Br'''", 'Br"""', 158 "bR'''", 'bR"""', "BR'''", 'BR"""'): 159 triple_quoted[t] = t 160 single_quoted = {} 161 for t in ("'", '"', 162 "r'", 'r"', "R'", 'R"', 163 "b'", 'b"', "B'", 'B"', 164 "br'", 'br"', "Br'", 'Br"', 165 "bR'", 'bR"', "BR'", 'BR"' ): 166 single_quoted[t] = t 167 168 if sys.version_info.minor >= 3: 169 # Python 3.3 170 for _prefix in ['rb', 'rB', 'Rb', 'RB', 'u', 'U']: 171 _t2 = _prefix+'"""' 172 endprogs[_t2] = double3prog 173 triple_quoted[_t2] = _t2 174 _t1 = _prefix + "'''" 175 endprogs[_t1] = single3prog 176 triple_quoted[_t1] = _t1 177 single_quoted[_prefix+'"'] = _prefix+'"' 178 single_quoted[_prefix+"'"] = _prefix+"'" 179 del _prefix, _t2, _t1 180 endprogs['u'] = None 181 endprogs['U'] = None 182 183 del _compile 184 185 tabsize = 8 186 187 class TokenError(Exception): pass 188 189 class StopTokenizing(Exception): pass 190 191 192 class Untokenizer: 193 194 def __init__(self): 195 self.tokens = [] 196 self.prev_row = 1 197 self.prev_col = 0 198 self.encoding = 'utf-8' 199 200 def add_whitespace(self, tok_type, start): 201 row, col = start 202 assert row >= self.prev_row 203 col_offset = col - self.prev_col 204 if col_offset > 0: 205 self.tokens.append(" " * col_offset) 206 elif row > self.prev_row and tok_type not in (NEWLINE, NL, ENDMARKER): 207 # Line was backslash-continued. 208 self.tokens.append(" ") 209 210 def untokenize(self, tokens): 211 iterable = iter(tokens) 212 for t in iterable: 213 if len(t) == 2: 214 self.compat(t, iterable) 215 break 216 tok_type, token, start, end = t[:4] 217 if tok_type == ENCODING: 218 self.encoding = token 219 continue 220 self.add_whitespace(tok_type, start) 221 self.tokens.append(token) 222 self.prev_row, self.prev_col = end 223 if tok_type in (NEWLINE, NL): 224 self.prev_row += 1 225 self.prev_col = 0 226 return "".join(self.tokens) 227 228 def compat(self, token, iterable): 229 # This import is here to avoid problems when the itertools 230 # module is not built yet and tokenize is imported. 231 from itertools import chain 232 startline = False 233 prevstring = False 234 indents = [] 235 toks_append = self.tokens.append 236 237 for tok in chain([token], iterable): 238 toknum, tokval = tok[:2] 239 if toknum == ENCODING: 240 self.encoding = tokval 241 continue 242 243 if toknum in (NAME, NUMBER): 244 tokval += ' ' 245 246 # Insert a space between two consecutive strings 247 if toknum == STRING: 248 if prevstring: 249 tokval = ' ' + tokval 250 prevstring = True 251 else: 252 prevstring = False 253 254 if toknum == INDENT: 255 indents.append(tokval) 256 continue 257 elif toknum == DEDENT: 258 indents.pop() 259 continue 260 elif toknum in (NEWLINE, NL): 261 startline = True 262 elif startline and indents: 263 toks_append(indents[-1]) 264 startline = False 265 toks_append(tokval) 266 267 268 def untokenize(tokens): 269 """ 270 Convert ``tokens`` (an iterable) back into Python source code. Return 271 a bytes object, encoded using the encoding specified by the last 272 ENCODING token in ``tokens``, or UTF-8 if no ENCODING token is found. 273 274 The result is guaranteed to tokenize back to match the input so that 275 the conversion is lossless and round-trips are assured. The 276 guarantee applies only to the token type and token string as the 277 spacing between tokens (column positions) may change. 278 279 :func:`untokenize` has two modes. If the input tokens are sequences 280 of length 2 (``type``, ``string``) then spaces are added as necessary to 281 preserve the round-trip property. 282 283 If the input tokens are sequences of length 4 or more (``type``, 284 ``string``, ``start``, ``end``), as returned by :func:`tokenize`, then 285 spaces are added so that each token appears in the result at the 286 position indicated by ``start`` and ``end``, if possible. 287 """ 288 return Untokenizer().untokenize(tokens) 289 290 291 def _get_normal_name(orig_enc): 292 """Imitates get_normal_name in tokenizer.c.""" 293 # Only care about the first 12 characters. 294 enc = orig_enc[:12].lower().replace("_", "-") 295 if enc == "utf-8" or enc.startswith("utf-8-"): 296 return "utf-8" 297 if enc in ("latin-1", "iso-8859-1", "iso-latin-1") or \ 298 enc.startswith(("latin-1-", "iso-8859-1-", "iso-latin-1-")): 299 return "iso-8859-1" 300 return orig_enc 301 302 def detect_encoding(readline): 303 """ 304 The detect_encoding() function is used to detect the encoding that should 305 be used to decode a Python source file. It requires one argment, readline, 306 in the same way as the tokenize() generator. 307 308 It will call readline a maximum of twice, and return the encoding used 309 (as a string) and a list of any lines (left as bytes) it has read in. 310 311 It detects the encoding from the presence of a utf-8 bom or an encoding 312 cookie as specified in pep-0263. If both a bom and a cookie are present, 313 but disagree, a SyntaxError will be raised. If the encoding cookie is an 314 invalid charset, raise a SyntaxError. Note that if a utf-8 bom is found, 315 'utf-8-sig' is returned. 316 317 If no encoding is specified, then the default of 'utf-8' will be returned. 318 """ 319 bom_found = False 320 encoding = None 321 default = 'utf-8' 322 def read_or_stop(): 323 try: 324 return readline() 325 except StopIteration: 326 return b'' 327 328 def find_cookie(line): 329 try: 330 # Decode as UTF-8. Either the line is an encoding declaration, 331 # in which case it should be pure ASCII, or it must be UTF-8 332 # per default encoding. 333 line_string = line.decode('utf-8') 334 except UnicodeDecodeError: 335 raise SyntaxError("invalid or missing encoding declaration") 336 337 matches = cookie_re.findall(line_string) 338 if not matches: 339 return None 340 encoding = _get_normal_name(matches[0]) 341 try: 342 codec = lookup(encoding) 343 except LookupError: 344 # This behaviour mimics the Python interpreter 345 raise SyntaxError("unknown encoding: " + encoding) 346 347 if bom_found: 348 if encoding != 'utf-8': 349 # This behaviour mimics the Python interpreter 350 raise SyntaxError('encoding problem: utf-8') 351 encoding += '-sig' 352 return encoding 353 354 first = read_or_stop() 355 if first.startswith(BOM_UTF8): 356 bom_found = True 357 first = first[3:] 358 default = 'utf-8-sig' 359 if not first: 360 return default, [] 361 362 encoding = find_cookie(first) 363 if encoding: 364 return encoding, [first] 365 366 second = read_or_stop() 367 if not second: 368 return default, [first] 369 370 encoding = find_cookie(second) 371 if encoding: 372 return encoding, [first, second] 373 374 return default, [first, second] 375 376 377 def open(filename): 378 """Open a file in read only mode using the encoding detected by 379 detect_encoding(). 380 """ 381 buffer = builtins.open(filename, 'rb') 382 encoding, lines = detect_encoding(buffer.readline) 383 buffer.seek(0) 384 text = TextIOWrapper(buffer, encoding, line_buffering=True) 385 text.mode = 'r' 386 return text 387 388 389 def tokenize(readline): 390 """ 391 The tokenize() generator requires one argment, readline, which 392 must be a callable object which provides the same interface as the 393 readline() method of built-in file objects. Each call to the function 394 should return one line of input as bytes. Alternately, readline 395 can be a callable function terminating with StopIteration: 396 readline = open(myfile, 'rb').__next__ # Example of alternate readline 397 398 The generator produces 5-tuples with these members: the token type; the 399 token string; a 2-tuple (srow, scol) of ints specifying the row and 400 column where the token begins in the source; a 2-tuple (erow, ecol) of 401 ints specifying the row and column where the token ends in the source; 402 and the line on which the token was found. The line passed is the 403 logical line; continuation lines are included. 404 405 The first token sequence will always be an ENCODING token 406 which tells you which encoding was used to decode the bytes stream. 407 """ 408 # This import is here to avoid problems when the itertools module is not 409 # built yet and tokenize is imported. 410 from itertools import chain, repeat 411 encoding, consumed = detect_encoding(readline) 412 rl_gen = iter(readline, b"") 413 empty = repeat(b"") 414 return _tokenize(chain(consumed, rl_gen, empty).__next__, encoding) 415 416 417 def _tokenize(readline, encoding): 418 lnum = parenlev = continued = 0 419 numchars = '0123456789' 420 contstr, needcont = '', 0 421 contline = None 422 indents = [0] 423 424 if encoding is not None: 425 if encoding == "utf-8-sig": 426 # BOM will already have been stripped. 427 encoding = "utf-8" 428 yield TokenInfo(ENCODING, encoding, (0, 0), (0, 0), '') 429 while True: # loop over lines in stream 430 try: 431 line = readline() 432 except StopIteration: 433 line = b'' 434 435 if encoding is not None: 436 line = line.decode(encoding) 437 lnum += 1 438 pos, max = 0, len(line) 439 440 if contstr: # continued string 441 if not line: 442 raise TokenError("EOF in multi-line string", strstart) 443 endmatch = endprog.match(line) 444 if endmatch: 445 pos = end = endmatch.end(0) 446 yield TokenInfo(STRING, contstr + line[:end], 447 strstart, (lnum, end), contline + line) 448 contstr, needcont = '', 0 449 contline = None 450 elif needcont and line[-2:] != '\\\n' and line[-3:] != '\\\r\n': 451 yield TokenInfo(ERRORTOKEN, contstr + line, 452 strstart, (lnum, len(line)), contline) 453 contstr = '' 454 contline = None 455 continue 456 else: 457 contstr = contstr + line 458 contline = contline + line 459 continue 460 461 elif parenlev == 0 and not continued: # new statement 462 if not line: break 463 column = 0 464 while pos < max: # measure leading whitespace 465 if line[pos] == ' ': 466 column += 1 467 elif line[pos] == '\t': 468 column = (column//tabsize + 1)*tabsize 469 elif line[pos] == '\f': 470 column = 0 471 else: 472 break 473 pos += 1 474 if pos == max: 475 break 476 477 if line[pos] in '#\r\n': # skip comments or blank lines 478 if line[pos] == '#': 479 comment_token = line[pos:].rstrip('\r\n') 480 nl_pos = pos + len(comment_token) 481 yield TokenInfo(COMMENT, comment_token, 482 (lnum, pos), (lnum, pos + len(comment_token)), line) 483 yield TokenInfo(NEWLINE, line[nl_pos:], 484 (lnum, nl_pos), (lnum, len(line)), line) 485 else: 486 yield TokenInfo(NEWLINE, line[pos:], 487 (lnum, pos), (lnum, len(line)), line) 488 continue 489 490 if column > indents[-1]: # count indents or dedents 491 indents.append(column) 492 yield TokenInfo(INDENT, line[:pos], (lnum, 0), (lnum, pos), line) 493 while column < indents[-1]: 494 if column not in indents: 495 raise IndentationError( 496 "unindent does not match any outer indentation level", 497 ("<tokenize>", lnum, pos, line)) 498 indents = indents[:-1] 499 yield TokenInfo(DEDENT, '', (lnum, pos), (lnum, pos), line) 500 501 else: # continued statement 502 if not line: 503 raise TokenError("EOF in multi-line statement", (lnum, 0)) 504 continued = 0 505 506 while pos < max: 507 pseudomatch = pseudoprog.match(line, pos) 508 if pseudomatch: # scan for tokens 509 start, end = pseudomatch.span(1) 510 spos, epos, pos = (lnum, start), (lnum, end), end 511 token, initial = line[start:end], line[start] 512 513 if (initial in numchars or # ordinary number 514 (initial == '.' and token != '.' and token != '...')): 515 yield TokenInfo(NUMBER, token, spos, epos, line) 516 elif initial in '\r\n': 517 yield TokenInfo(NL if parenlev > 0 else NEWLINE, 518 token, spos, epos, line) 519 elif initial == '#': 520 assert not token.endswith("\n") 521 yield TokenInfo(COMMENT, token, spos, epos, line) 522 elif token in triple_quoted: 523 endprog = endprogs[token] 524 endmatch = endprog.match(line, pos) 525 if endmatch: # all on one line 526 pos = endmatch.end(0) 527 token = line[start:pos] 528 yield TokenInfo(STRING, token, spos, (lnum, pos), line) 529 else: 530 strstart = (lnum, start) # multiple lines 531 contstr = line[start:] 532 contline = line 533 break 534 elif initial in single_quoted or \ 535 token[:2] in single_quoted or \ 536 token[:3] in single_quoted: 537 if token[-1] == '\n': # continued string 538 strstart = (lnum, start) 539 endprog = (endprogs[initial] or endprogs[token[1]] or 540 endprogs[token[2]]) 541 contstr, needcont = line[start:], 1 542 contline = line 543 break 544 else: # ordinary string 545 yield TokenInfo(STRING, token, spos, epos, line) 546 elif initial.isidentifier(): # ordinary name 547 yield TokenInfo(NAME, token, spos, epos, line) 548 elif initial == '\\': # continued stmt 549 continued = 1 550 else: 551 if initial in '([{': 552 parenlev += 1 553 elif initial in ')]}': 554 parenlev -= 1 555 yield TokenInfo(OP, token, spos, epos, line) 556 else: 557 yield TokenInfo(ERRORTOKEN, line[pos], 558 (lnum, pos), (lnum, pos+1), line) 559 pos += 1 560 561 for indent in indents[1:]: # pop remaining indent levels 562 yield TokenInfo(DEDENT, '', (lnum, 0), (lnum, 0), '') 563 yield TokenInfo(ENDMARKER, '', (lnum, 0), (lnum, 0), '') 564 565 566 # An undocumented, backwards compatible, API for all the places in the standard 567 # library that expect to be able to use tokenize with strings 568 def generate_tokens(readline): 569 return _tokenize(readline, None) 570 571 if __name__ == "__main__": 572 # Quick sanity check 573 s = b'''def parseline(self, line): 574 """Parse the line into a command name and a string containing 575 the arguments. Returns a tuple containing (command, args, line). 576 'command' and 'args' may be None if the line couldn't be parsed. 577 """ 578 line = line.strip() 579 if not line: 580 return None, None, line 581 elif line[0] == '?': 582 line = 'help ' + line[1:] 583 elif line[0] == '!': 584 if hasattr(self, 'do_shell'): 585 line = 'shell ' + line[1:] 586 else: 587 return None, None, line 588 i, n = 0, len(line) 589 while i < n and line[i] in self.identchars: i = i+1 590 cmd, arg = line[:i], line[i:].strip() 591 return cmd, arg, line 592 ''' 593 for tok in tokenize(iter(s.splitlines()).__next__): 594 print(tok) 595 [end of IPython/utils/tokenize2.py] </code> I need you to solve this issue by generating a single patch file that I can apply directly to this repository using git apply. Please respond with a single patch file in the following format. <patch> --- a/file.py +++ b/file.py @@ -1,27 +1,35 @@ def euclidean(a, b): - while b: - a, b = b, a % b - return a + if b == 0: + return a + return euclidean(b, a % b) def bresenham(x0, y0, x1, y1): points = [] dx = abs(x1 - x0) dy = abs(y1 - y0) - sx = 1 if x0 < x1 else -1 - sy = 1 if y0 < y1 else -1 - err = dx - dy + x, y = x0, y0 + sx = -1 if x0 > x1 else 1 + sy = -1 if y0 > y1 else 1 - while True: - points.append((x0, y0)) - if x0 == x1 and y0 == y1: - break - e2 = 2 * err - if e2 > -dy: + if dx > dy: + err = dx / 2.0 + while x != x1: + points.append((x, y)) err -= dy - x0 += sx - if e2 < dx: - err += dx - y0 += sy + if err < 0: + y += sy + err += dx + x += sx + else: + err = dy / 2.0 + while y != y1: + points.append((x, y)) + err -= dx + if err < 0: + x += sx + err += dy + y += sy + points.append((x, y)) return points </patch>
ipython/ipython
78ec96d7ca0147f0655d5260f2ab0c61d94e4279
remove usage of backports.shutil_get_terminal_size This is for pre-3.3 Python. Pretty easy it should only require deleting lines. Maybe a few need to be dedented.
2017-01-28T05:22:06Z
<patch> diff --git a/IPython/utils/terminal.py b/IPython/utils/terminal.py --- a/IPython/utils/terminal.py +++ b/IPython/utils/terminal.py @@ -15,11 +15,7 @@ import os import sys import warnings -try: - from shutil import get_terminal_size as _get_terminal_size -except ImportError: - # use backport on Python 2 - from backports.shutil_get_terminal_size import get_terminal_size as _get_terminal_size +from shutil import get_terminal_size as _get_terminal_size from . import py3compat </patch>
[]
[]
Qiskit__qiskit-1295
You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolve. <issue> credentials failed for qiskit ver 0.6.1 <!-- ⚠️ If you do not respect this template, your issue will be closed --> <!-- ⚠️ Make sure to browse the opened and closed issues --> ### Informations - **Qiskit Terra version**: 0.6.1 - **Python version**: 3.7.0 - **Operating system**:MAC OSX 10.13.6 ### What is the current behavior? After I acquired fresh token from https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/qx/account/advanced IBMQ.load_accounts() fails. ### Steps to reproduce the problem ``` from qiskit import IBMQ myToken='b6abe11442c9a...' IBMQ.save_account(myToken) IBMQ.load_accounts() ``` Results with ``` Traceback (most recent call last): File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqsingleprovider.py", line 71, in _authenticate credentials.verify) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 478, in __init__ self.req = _Request(token, config=config, verify=verify) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 253, in __init__ ntlm_credentials=self.ntlm_credentials) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 95, in __init__ self.obtain_token(config=self.config) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 159, in obtain_token raise CredentialsError('error during login: %s' % error_message) IBMQuantumExperience.IBMQuantumExperience.CredentialsError: error during login: Wrong user or password, check your credentials. ``` ### What is the expected behavior? Would be better if IBMQ.load_accounts() accepted me. All worked well w/ ver 0.5. ### Suggested solutions </issue> <code> [start of README.md] 1 # Qiskit Terra 2 3 [![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/qiskit.svg)](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/qiskit) 4 [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/Qiskit/qiskit-terra.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/Qiskit/qiskit-terra) 5 [![Build Status IBM Q](https://travis-matrix-badges.herokuapp.com/repos/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/branches/master/8)](https://travis-ci.org/Qiskit/qiskit-terra) 6 7 **Qiskit** is a software development kit for 8 developing quantum computing applications and working with NISQ (Noisy-Intermediate Scale Quantum) computers. 9 10 Qiskit is made up elements that each work together to enable quantum computing. This element is **Terra** 11 and is the foundation on which the rest of Qiskit is built (see this [post](https://medium.com/qiskit/qiskit-and-its-fundamental-elements-bcd7ead80492) for an overview). 12 13 14 ## Installation 15 16 17 We encourage installing Qiskit via the PIP tool (a python package manager): 18 19 ```bash 20 pip install qiskit 21 ``` 22 23 PIP will handle all dependencies automatically for us and you will always install the latest (and well-tested) version. 24 25 At least [Python 3.5 or later](https://www.python.org/downloads/) is needed for using Qiskit. In 26 addition, [Jupyter Notebook](https://jupyter.readthedocs.io/en/latest/install.html) is recommended 27 for interacting with the tutorials. 28 For this reason we recommend installing the [Anaconda 3](https://www.continuum.io/downloads) 29 python distribution, as it comes with all of these dependencies pre-installed. 30 31 See [installing](doc/install.rst) Qiskit for detailed instructions, how to build from source and using environments. 32 33 34 ## Creating your first quantum program 35 36 Now that Qiskit is installed, it's time to begin working with Terra. 37 38 We are ready to try out a quantum circuit example, which is simulated locally using 39 the Qiskt Aer element. This is a simple example that makes an entangled state. 40 41 ``` 42 $ python 43 ``` 44 45 ```python 46 >>> from qiskit import * 47 >>> q = QuantumRegister(2) 48 >>> c = ClassicalRegister(2) 49 >>> qc = QuantumCircuit(q, c) 50 >>> qc.h(q[0]) 51 >>> qc.cx(q[0], q[1]) 52 >>> qc.measure(q, c) 53 >>> backend_sim = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator') 54 >>> result = execute(qc, backend_sim).result() 55 >>> print(result.get_counts(qc)) 56 ``` 57 58 In this case, the output will be: 59 60 ```python 61 {'counts': {'00': 513, '11': 511}} 62 ``` 63 64 A script is available [here](examples/python/hello_quantum.py), where we also show how to 65 run the same program on a real quantum computer via IBMQ. 66 67 ### Executing your code on a real quantum chip 68 69 You can also use Qiskit to execute your code on a 70 **real quantum chip**. 71 In order to do so, you need to configure Qiskit for using the credentials in 72 your IBM Q account: 73 74 #### Configure your IBMQ credentials 75 76 1. Create an _[IBM Q](https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net) > Account_ if you haven't already done so. 77 78 2. Get an API token from the IBM Q website under _My Account > Advanced > API Token_. 79 80 3. Take your token from step 2, here called `MY_API_TOKEN`, and run: 81 82 ```python 83 >>> from qiskit import IBMQ 84 >>> IBMQ.save_account('MY_API_TOKEN') 85 ``` 86 87 4. If you have access to the IBM Q Network features, you also need to pass the 88 url listed on your IBM Q account page to `save_account`. 89 90 After calling `IBMQ.save_account()`, your credentials will be stored on disk. 91 Once they are stored, at any point in the future you can load and use them 92 in your program simply via: 93 94 ```python 95 >>> from qiskit import IBMQ 96 >>> IBMQ.load_accounts() 97 ``` 98 99 For those who do not want to save there credentials to disk please use 100 101 ```python 102 >>> from qiskit import IBMQ 103 >>> IBMQ.enable_account('MY_API_TOKEN') 104 ``` 105 106 and the token will only be active for the session. For examples using Terra with real 107 devices we have provided a set of examples in **examples/python** and we suggest starting with [using_qiskit_terra_level_0.py](examples/python/using_qiskit_terra_level_0.py) and working up in 108 the levels. 109 110 ## Contribution guidelines 111 112 If you'd like to contribute to Qiskit, please take a look at our 113 [contribution guidelines](.github/CONTRIBUTING.rst). This project adheres to Qiskit's [code of conduct](.github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.rst). By participating, you are expect to uphold to this code. 114 115 We use [GitHub issues](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/issues) for tracking requests and bugs. 116 Please use our [slack](https://qiskit.slack.com) for discussion. To join our Slack community use the [link](https://join.slack.com/t/qiskit/shared_invite/enQtNDc2NjUzMjE4Mzc0LTMwZmE0YTM4ZThiNGJmODkzN2Y2NTNlMDIwYWNjYzA2ZmM1YTRlZGQ3OGM0NjcwMjZkZGE0MTA4MGQ1ZTVmYzk). To ask questions to [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/qiskit). 117 118 119 120 ### Next Steps 121 122 Now you're set up and ready to check out some of the other examples from our 123 [Qiskit Tutorial](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-tutorial) repository. 124 125 126 ## Authors 127 128 Qiskit Terra is the work of [many people](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/graphs/contributors) who contribute 129 to the project at different levels. 130 131 ## License 132 133 [Apache License 2.0](LICENSE.txt) [end of README.md] [start of qiskit/backends/ibmq/api/ibmqconnector.py] 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 # Copyright 2018, IBM. 4 # 5 # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in 6 # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. 7 8 """IBM Q API connector.""" 9 10 import json 11 import logging 12 import re 13 import time 14 15 import requests 16 from requests_ntlm import HttpNtlmAuth 17 18 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) 19 CLIENT_APPLICATION = 'qiskit-api-py' 20 21 22 def get_job_url(config, hub, group, project): 23 """ 24 Util method to get job url 25 """ 26 if (config is not None) and ('hub' in config) and (hub is None): 27 hub = config["hub"] 28 if (config is not None) and ('group' in config) and (group is None): 29 group = config["group"] 30 if (config is not None) and ('project' in config) and (project is None): 31 project = config["project"] 32 if (hub is not None) and (group is not None) and (project is not None): 33 return '/Network/{}/Groups/{}/Projects/{}/jobs'.format(hub, group, project) 34 return '/Jobs' 35 36 37 def get_backend_stats_url(config, hub, backend_type): 38 """ 39 Util method to get backend stats url 40 """ 41 if (config is not None) and ('hub' in config) and (hub is None): 42 hub = config["hub"] 43 if hub is not None: 44 return '/Network/{}/devices/{}'.format(hub, backend_type) 45 return '/Backends/{}'.format(backend_type) 46 47 48 def get_backend_url(config, hub, group, project): 49 """ 50 Util method to get backend url 51 """ 52 if (config is not None) and ('hub' in config) and (hub is None): 53 hub = config["hub"] 54 if (config is not None) and ('group' in config) and (group is None): 55 group = config["group"] 56 if (config is not None) and ('project' in config) and (project is None): 57 project = config["project"] 58 if (hub is not None) and (group is not None) and (project is not None): 59 return '/Network/{}/Groups/{}/Projects/{}/devices'.format(hub, group, project) 60 return '/Backends' 61 62 63 class _Credentials(object): 64 """ 65 The Credential class to manage the tokens 66 """ 67 config_base = {'url': 'https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/api'} 68 69 def __init__(self, token, config=None, verify=True, proxy_urls=None, 70 ntlm_credentials=None): 71 self.token_unique = token 72 self.verify = verify 73 self.config = config 74 self.proxy_urls = proxy_urls 75 self.ntlm_credentials = ntlm_credentials 76 77 # Set the extra arguments to requests (proxy and auth). 78 self.extra_args = {} 79 if self.proxy_urls: 80 self.extra_args['proxies'] = self.proxy_urls 81 if self.ntlm_credentials: 82 self.extra_args['auth'] = HttpNtlmAuth( 83 self.ntlm_credentials['username'], 84 self.ntlm_credentials['password']) 85 86 if not verify: 87 # pylint: disable=import-error 88 import requests.packages.urllib3 as urllib3 89 urllib3.disable_warnings() 90 print('-- Ignoring SSL errors. This is not recommended --') 91 if self.config and ("url" not in self.config): 92 self.config["url"] = self.config_base["url"] 93 elif not self.config: 94 self.config = self.config_base 95 96 self.data_credentials = {} 97 if token: 98 self.obtain_token(config=self.config) 99 else: 100 access_token = self.config.get('access_token', None) 101 if access_token: 102 user_id = self.config.get('user_id', None) 103 if access_token: 104 self.set_token(access_token) 105 if user_id: 106 self.set_user_id(user_id) 107 else: 108 self.obtain_token(config=self.config) 109 110 def obtain_token(self, config=None): 111 """Obtain the token to access to QX Platform. 112 113 Raises: 114 CredentialsError: when token is invalid or the user has not 115 accepted the license. 116 ApiError: when the response from the server couldn't be parsed. 117 """ 118 client_application = CLIENT_APPLICATION 119 if self.config and ("client_application" in self.config): 120 client_application += ':' + self.config["client_application"] 121 headers = {'x-qx-client-application': client_application} 122 123 if self.token_unique: 124 try: 125 response = requests.post(str(self.config.get('url') + 126 "/users/loginWithToken"), 127 data={'apiToken': self.token_unique}, 128 verify=self.verify, 129 headers=headers, 130 **self.extra_args) 131 except requests.RequestException as ex: 132 raise ApiError('error during login: %s' % str(ex)) 133 elif config and ("email" in config) and ("password" in config): 134 email = config.get('email', None) 135 password = config.get('password', None) 136 credentials = { 137 'email': email, 138 'password': password 139 } 140 try: 141 response = requests.post(str(self.config.get('url') + 142 "/users/login"), 143 data=credentials, 144 verify=self.verify, 145 headers=headers, 146 **self.extra_args) 147 except requests.RequestException as ex: 148 raise ApiError('error during login: %s' % str(ex)) 149 else: 150 raise CredentialsError('invalid token') 151 152 if response.status_code == 401: 153 error_message = None 154 try: 155 # For 401: ACCEPT_LICENSE_REQUIRED, a detailed message is 156 # present in the response and passed to the exception. 157 error_message = response.json()['error']['message'] 158 except Exception: # pylint: disable=broad-except 159 pass 160 161 if error_message: 162 raise CredentialsError('error during login: %s' % error_message) 163 else: 164 raise CredentialsError('invalid token') 165 try: 166 response.raise_for_status() 167 self.data_credentials = response.json() 168 except (requests.HTTPError, ValueError) as ex: 169 raise ApiError('error during login: %s' % str(ex)) 170 171 if self.get_token() is None: 172 raise CredentialsError('invalid token') 173 174 def get_token(self): 175 """ 176 Get Authenticated Token to connect with QX Platform 177 """ 178 return self.data_credentials.get('id', None) 179 180 def get_user_id(self): 181 """ 182 Get User Id in QX Platform 183 """ 184 return self.data_credentials.get('userId', None) 185 186 def get_config(self): 187 """ 188 Get Configuration setted to connect with QX Platform 189 """ 190 return self.config 191 192 def set_token(self, access_token): 193 """ 194 Set Access Token to connect with QX Platform API 195 """ 196 self.data_credentials['id'] = access_token 197 198 def set_user_id(self, user_id): 199 """ 200 Set Access Token to connect with QX Platform API 201 """ 202 self.data_credentials['userId'] = user_id 203 204 205 class _Request(object): 206 """ 207 The Request class to manage the methods 208 """ 209 def __init__(self, token, config=None, verify=True, retries=5, 210 timeout_interval=1.0): 211 self.verify = verify 212 self.client_application = CLIENT_APPLICATION 213 self.config = config 214 self.errors_not_retry = [401, 403, 413] 215 216 # Set the proxy information, if present, from the configuration, 217 # with the following format: 218 # config = { 219 # 'proxies': { 220 # # If using 'urls', assume basic auth or no auth. 221 # 'urls': { 222 # 'http': 'http://user:password@1.2.3.4:5678', 223 # 'https': 'http://user:password@1.2.3.4:5678', 224 # } 225 # # If using 'ntlm', assume NTLM authentication. 226 # 'username_ntlm': 'domain\\username', 227 # 'password_ntlm': 'password' 228 # } 229 # } 230 231 # Set the basic proxy settings, if present. 232 self.proxy_urls = None 233 self.ntlm_credentials = None 234 if config and 'proxies' in config: 235 if 'urls' in config['proxies']: 236 self.proxy_urls = self.config['proxies']['urls'] 237 if 'username_ntlm' and 'password_ntlm' in config['proxies']: 238 self.ntlm_credentials = { 239 'username': self.config['proxies']['username_ntlm'], 240 'password': self.config['proxies']['password_ntlm'] 241 } 242 243 # Set the extra arguments to requests (proxy and auth). 244 self.extra_args = {} 245 if self.proxy_urls: 246 self.extra_args['proxies'] = self.proxy_urls 247 if self.ntlm_credentials: 248 self.extra_args['auth'] = HttpNtlmAuth( 249 self.ntlm_credentials['username'], 250 self.ntlm_credentials['password']) 251 252 if self.config and ("client_application" in self.config): 253 self.client_application += ':' + self.config["client_application"] 254 self.credential = _Credentials(token, self.config, verify, 255 proxy_urls=self.proxy_urls, 256 ntlm_credentials=self.ntlm_credentials) 257 258 if not isinstance(retries, int): 259 raise TypeError('post retries must be positive integer') 260 self.retries = retries 261 self.timeout_interval = timeout_interval 262 self.result = None 263 self._max_qubit_error_re = re.compile( 264 r".*registers exceed the number of qubits, " 265 r"it can\'t be greater than (\d+).*") 266 267 def check_token(self, respond): 268 """ 269 Check is the user's token is valid 270 """ 271 if respond.status_code == 401: 272 self.credential.obtain_token(config=self.config) 273 return False 274 return True 275 276 def post(self, path, params='', data=None): 277 """ 278 POST Method Wrapper of the REST API 279 """ 280 self.result = None 281 data = data or {} 282 headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 283 'x-qx-client-application': self.client_application} 284 url = str(self.credential.config['url'] + path + '?access_token=' + 285 self.credential.get_token() + params) 286 retries = self.retries 287 while retries > 0: 288 respond = requests.post(url, data=data, headers=headers, 289 verify=self.verify, **self.extra_args) 290 if not self.check_token(respond): 291 respond = requests.post(url, data=data, headers=headers, 292 verify=self.verify, 293 **self.extra_args) 294 295 if self._response_good(respond): 296 if self.result: 297 return self.result 298 elif retries < 2: 299 return respond.json() 300 else: 301 retries -= 1 302 else: 303 retries -= 1 304 time.sleep(self.timeout_interval) 305 306 # timed out 307 raise ApiError(usr_msg='Failed to get proper ' + 308 'response from backend.') 309 310 def put(self, path, params='', data=None): 311 """ 312 PUT Method Wrapper of the REST API 313 """ 314 self.result = None 315 data = data or {} 316 headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 317 'x-qx-client-application': self.client_application} 318 url = str(self.credential.config['url'] + path + '?access_token=' + 319 self.credential.get_token() + params) 320 retries = self.retries 321 while retries > 0: 322 respond = requests.put(url, data=data, headers=headers, 323 verify=self.verify, **self.extra_args) 324 if not self.check_token(respond): 325 respond = requests.put(url, data=data, headers=headers, 326 verify=self.verify, 327 **self.extra_args) 328 if self._response_good(respond): 329 if self.result: 330 return self.result 331 elif retries < 2: 332 return respond.json() 333 else: 334 retries -= 1 335 else: 336 retries -= 1 337 time.sleep(self.timeout_interval) 338 # timed out 339 raise ApiError(usr_msg='Failed to get proper ' + 340 'response from backend.') 341 342 def get(self, path, params='', with_token=True): 343 """ 344 GET Method Wrapper of the REST API 345 """ 346 self.result = None 347 access_token = '' 348 if with_token: 349 access_token = self.credential.get_token() or '' 350 if access_token: 351 access_token = '?access_token=' + str(access_token) 352 url = self.credential.config['url'] + path + access_token + params 353 retries = self.retries 354 headers = {'x-qx-client-application': self.client_application} 355 while retries > 0: # Repeat until no error 356 respond = requests.get(url, verify=self.verify, headers=headers, 357 **self.extra_args) 358 if not self.check_token(respond): 359 respond = requests.get(url, verify=self.verify, 360 headers=headers, **self.extra_args) 361 if self._response_good(respond): 362 if self.result: 363 return self.result 364 elif retries < 2: 365 return respond.json() 366 else: 367 retries -= 1 368 else: 369 retries -= 1 370 time.sleep(self.timeout_interval) 371 # timed out 372 raise ApiError(usr_msg='Failed to get proper ' + 373 'response from backend.') 374 375 def _response_good(self, respond): 376 """check response 377 378 Args: 379 respond (requests.Response): HTTP response. 380 381 Returns: 382 bool: True if the response is good, else False. 383 384 Raises: 385 ApiError: response isn't formatted properly. 386 """ 387 if respond.status_code != requests.codes.ok: 388 logger.warning('Got a %s code response to %s: %s', 389 respond.status_code, 390 respond.url, 391 respond.text) 392 if respond.status_code in self.errors_not_retry: 393 raise ApiError(usr_msg='Got a {} code response to {}: {}'.format( 394 respond.status_code, 395 respond.url, 396 respond.text)) 397 else: 398 return self._parse_response(respond) 399 try: 400 if str(respond.headers['content-type']).startswith("text/html;"): 401 self.result = respond.text 402 return True 403 else: 404 self.result = respond.json() 405 except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError): 406 usr_msg = 'device server returned unexpected http response' 407 dev_msg = usr_msg + ': ' + respond.text 408 raise ApiError(usr_msg=usr_msg, dev_msg=dev_msg) 409 if not isinstance(self.result, (list, dict)): 410 msg = ('JSON not a list or dict: url: {0},' 411 'status: {1}, reason: {2}, text: {3}') 412 raise ApiError( 413 usr_msg=msg.format(respond.url, 414 respond.status_code, 415 respond.reason, respond.text)) 416 if ('error' not in self.result or 417 ('status' not in self.result['error'] or 418 self.result['error']['status'] != 400)): 419 return True 420 421 logger.warning("Got a 400 code JSON response to %s", respond.url) 422 return False 423 424 def _parse_response(self, respond): 425 """parse text of response for HTTP errors 426 427 This parses the text of the response to decide whether to 428 retry request or raise exception. At the moment this only 429 detects an exception condition. 430 431 Args: 432 respond (Response): requests.Response object 433 434 Returns: 435 bool: False if the request should be retried, True 436 if not. 437 438 Raises: 439 RegisterSizeError: if invalid device register size. 440 """ 441 # convert error messages into exceptions 442 mobj = self._max_qubit_error_re.match(respond.text) 443 if mobj: 444 raise RegisterSizeError( 445 'device register size must be <= {}'.format(mobj.group(1))) 446 return True 447 448 449 class IBMQConnector(object): 450 """ 451 The Connector Class to do request to QX Platform 452 """ 453 __names_backend_ibmqxv2 = ['ibmqx5qv2', 'ibmqx2', 'qx5qv2', 'qx5q', 'real'] 454 __names_backend_ibmqxv3 = ['ibmqx3'] 455 __names_backend_simulator = ['simulator', 'sim_trivial_2', 456 'ibmqx_qasm_simulator', 'ibmq_qasm_simulator'] 457 458 def __init__(self, token=None, config=None, verify=True): 459 """ If verify is set to false, ignore SSL certificate errors """ 460 self.config = config 461 462 if self.config and ('url' in self.config): 463 url_parsed = self.config['url'].split('/api') 464 if len(url_parsed) == 2: 465 hub = group = project = None 466 project_parse = url_parsed[1].split('/Projects/') 467 if len(project_parse) == 2: 468 project = project_parse[1] 469 group_parse = project_parse[0].split('/Groups/') 470 if len(group_parse) == 2: 471 group = group_parse[1] 472 hub_parse = group_parse[0].split('/Hubs/') 473 if len(hub_parse) == 2: 474 hub = hub_parse[1] 475 if hub and group and project: 476 self.config['project'] = project 477 self.config['group'] = group 478 self.config['hub'] = hub 479 self.config['url'] = url_parsed[0] + '/api' 480 481 self.req = _Request(token, config=config, verify=verify) 482 483 def _check_backend(self, backend, endpoint): 484 """ 485 Check if the name of a backend is valid to run in QX Platform 486 """ 487 # First check against hacks for old backend names 488 original_backend = backend 489 backend = backend.lower() 490 if endpoint == 'experiment': 491 if backend in self.__names_backend_ibmqxv2: 492 return 'real' 493 elif backend in self.__names_backend_ibmqxv3: 494 return 'ibmqx3' 495 elif backend in self.__names_backend_simulator: 496 return 'sim_trivial_2' 497 498 # Check for new-style backends 499 backends = self.available_backends() 500 for backend_ in backends: 501 if backend_['name'] == original_backend: 502 return original_backend 503 # backend unrecognized 504 return None 505 506 def check_credentials(self): 507 """ 508 Check if the user has permission in QX platform 509 """ 510 return bool(self.req.credential.get_token()) 511 512 def run_job(self, job, backend='simulator', shots=1, 513 max_credits=None, seed=None, hub=None, group=None, 514 project=None, hpc=None, access_token=None, user_id=None): 515 """ 516 Execute a job 517 """ 518 if access_token: 519 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 520 if user_id: 521 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 522 if not self.check_credentials(): 523 return {"error": "Not credentials valid"} 524 525 backend_type = self._check_backend(backend, 'job') 526 527 if not backend_type: 528 raise BadBackendError(backend) 529 530 if isinstance(job, (list, tuple)): 531 qasms = job 532 for qasm in qasms: 533 qasm['qasm'] = qasm['qasm'].replace('IBMQASM 2.0;', '') 534 qasm['qasm'] = qasm['qasm'].replace('OPENQASM 2.0;', '') 535 536 data = {'qasms': qasms, 537 'shots': shots, 538 'backend': {}} 539 540 if max_credits: 541 data['maxCredits'] = max_credits 542 543 if seed and len(str(seed)) < 11 and str(seed).isdigit(): 544 data['seed'] = seed 545 elif seed: 546 return {"error": "Not seed allowed. Max 10 digits."} 547 548 data['backend']['name'] = backend_type 549 elif isinstance(job, dict): 550 q_obj = job 551 data = {'qObject': q_obj, 552 'backend': {}} 553 554 data['backend']['name'] = backend_type 555 else: 556 return {"error": "Not a valid data to send"} 557 558 if hpc: 559 data['hpc'] = hpc 560 561 url = get_job_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 562 563 job = self.req.post(url, data=json.dumps(data)) 564 565 return job 566 567 def get_job(self, id_job, hub=None, group=None, project=None, 568 access_token=None, user_id=None): 569 """ 570 Get the information about a job, by its id 571 """ 572 if access_token: 573 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 574 if user_id: 575 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 576 if not self.check_credentials(): 577 respond = {} 578 respond["status"] = 'Error' 579 respond["error"] = "Not credentials valid" 580 return respond 581 if not id_job: 582 respond = {} 583 respond["status"] = 'Error' 584 respond["error"] = "Job ID not specified" 585 return respond 586 587 url = get_job_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 588 589 url += '/' + id_job 590 591 job = self.req.get(url) 592 593 if 'qasms' in job: 594 for qasm in job['qasms']: 595 if ('result' in qasm) and ('data' in qasm['result']): 596 qasm['data'] = qasm['result']['data'] 597 del qasm['result']['data'] 598 for key in qasm['result']: 599 qasm['data'][key] = qasm['result'][key] 600 del qasm['result'] 601 602 return job 603 604 def get_jobs(self, limit=10, skip=0, backend=None, only_completed=False, 605 filter=None, hub=None, group=None, project=None, 606 access_token=None, user_id=None): 607 """ 608 Get the information about the user jobs 609 """ 610 # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin 611 612 if access_token: 613 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 614 if user_id: 615 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 616 if not self.check_credentials(): 617 return {"error": "Not credentials valid"} 618 619 url = get_job_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 620 url_filter = '&filter=' 621 query = { 622 "order": "creationDate DESC", 623 "limit": limit, 624 "skip": skip, 625 "where": {} 626 } 627 if filter is not None: 628 query['where'] = filter 629 else: 630 if backend is not None: 631 query['where']['backend.name'] = backend 632 if only_completed: 633 query['where']['status'] = 'COMPLETED' 634 635 url_filter = url_filter + json.dumps(query) 636 jobs = self.req.get(url, url_filter) 637 return jobs 638 639 def get_status_job(self, id_job, hub=None, group=None, project=None, 640 access_token=None, user_id=None): 641 """ 642 Get the status about a job, by its id 643 """ 644 if access_token: 645 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 646 if user_id: 647 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 648 if not self.check_credentials(): 649 respond = {} 650 respond["status"] = 'Error' 651 respond["error"] = "Not credentials valid" 652 return respond 653 if not id_job: 654 respond = {} 655 respond["status"] = 'Error' 656 respond["error"] = "Job ID not specified" 657 return respond 658 659 url = get_job_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 660 661 url += '/' + id_job + '/status' 662 663 status = self.req.get(url) 664 665 return status 666 667 def get_status_jobs(self, limit=10, skip=0, backend=None, filter=None, 668 hub=None, group=None, project=None, access_token=None, 669 user_id=None): 670 """ 671 Get the information about the user jobs 672 """ 673 # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin 674 675 if access_token: 676 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 677 if user_id: 678 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 679 if not self.check_credentials(): 680 return {"error": "Not credentials valid"} 681 682 url = get_job_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 683 url_filter = '&filter=' 684 query = { 685 "order": "creationDate DESC", 686 "limit": limit, 687 "skip": skip, 688 "where": {} 689 } 690 if filter is not None: 691 query['where'] = filter 692 else: 693 if backend is not None: 694 query['where']['backend.name'] = backend 695 696 url += '/status' 697 698 url_filter = url_filter + json.dumps(query) 699 700 jobs = self.req.get(url, url_filter) 701 702 return jobs 703 704 def cancel_job(self, id_job, hub=None, group=None, project=None, 705 access_token=None, user_id=None): 706 """ 707 Cancel the information about a job, by its id 708 """ 709 if access_token: 710 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 711 if user_id: 712 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 713 if not self.check_credentials(): 714 respond = {} 715 respond["status"] = 'Error' 716 respond["error"] = "Not credentials valid" 717 return respond 718 if not id_job: 719 respond = {} 720 respond["status"] = 'Error' 721 respond["error"] = "Job ID not specified" 722 return respond 723 724 url = get_job_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 725 726 url += '/{}/cancel'.format(id_job) 727 728 res = self.req.post(url) 729 730 return res 731 732 def backend_status(self, backend='ibmqx4', access_token=None, user_id=None): 733 """ 734 Get the status of a chip 735 """ 736 if access_token: 737 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 738 if user_id: 739 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 740 backend_type = self._check_backend(backend, 'status') 741 if not backend_type: 742 raise BadBackendError(backend) 743 744 status = self.req.get('/Backends/' + backend_type + '/queue/status', 745 with_token=False) 746 747 ret = {} 748 if 'state' in status: 749 ret['available'] = bool(status['state']) 750 if 'busy' in status: 751 ret['busy'] = bool(status['busy']) 752 if 'lengthQueue' in status: 753 ret['pending_jobs'] = status['lengthQueue'] 754 755 ret['backend'] = backend_type 756 757 return ret 758 759 def backend_calibration(self, backend='ibmqx4', hub=None, access_token=None, user_id=None): 760 """ 761 Get the calibration of a real chip 762 """ 763 if access_token: 764 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 765 if user_id: 766 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 767 if not self.check_credentials(): 768 raise CredentialsError('credentials invalid') 769 770 backend_type = self._check_backend(backend, 'calibration') 771 772 if not backend_type: 773 raise BadBackendError(backend) 774 775 if backend_type in self.__names_backend_simulator: 776 ret = {} 777 return ret 778 779 url = get_backend_stats_url(self.config, hub, backend_type) 780 781 ret = self.req.get(url + '/calibration') 782 if not bool(ret): 783 ret = {} 784 else: 785 ret["backend"] = backend_type 786 return ret 787 788 def backend_parameters(self, backend='ibmqx4', hub=None, access_token=None, user_id=None): 789 """ 790 Get the parameters of calibration of a real chip 791 """ 792 if access_token: 793 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 794 if user_id: 795 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 796 if not self.check_credentials(): 797 raise CredentialsError('credentials invalid') 798 799 backend_type = self._check_backend(backend, 'calibration') 800 801 if not backend_type: 802 raise BadBackendError(backend) 803 804 if backend_type in self.__names_backend_simulator: 805 ret = {} 806 return ret 807 808 url = get_backend_stats_url(self.config, hub, backend_type) 809 810 ret = self.req.get(url + '/parameters') 811 if not bool(ret): 812 ret = {} 813 else: 814 ret["backend"] = backend_type 815 return ret 816 817 def available_backends(self, hub=None, group=None, project=None, 818 access_token=None, user_id=None): 819 """ 820 Get the backends available to use in the QX Platform 821 """ 822 if access_token: 823 self.req.credential.set_token(access_token) 824 if user_id: 825 self.req.credential.set_user_id(user_id) 826 if not self.check_credentials(): 827 raise CredentialsError('credentials invalid') 828 else: 829 830 url = get_backend_url(self.config, hub, group, project) 831 832 ret = self.req.get(url) 833 if (ret is not None) and (isinstance(ret, dict)): 834 return [] 835 return [backend for backend in ret 836 if backend.get('status') == 'on'] 837 838 def api_version(self): 839 """ 840 Get the API Version of the QX Platform 841 """ 842 return self.req.get('/version') 843 844 845 class ApiError(Exception): 846 """ 847 IBMQConnector API error handling base class. 848 """ 849 def __init__(self, usr_msg=None, dev_msg=None): 850 """ 851 Args: 852 usr_msg (str): Short user facing message describing error. 853 dev_msg (str or None): More detailed message to assist 854 developer with resolving issue. 855 """ 856 Exception.__init__(self, usr_msg) 857 self.usr_msg = usr_msg 858 self.dev_msg = dev_msg 859 860 def __repr__(self): 861 return repr(self.dev_msg) 862 863 def __str__(self): 864 return str(self.usr_msg) 865 866 867 class BadBackendError(ApiError): 868 """ 869 Unavailable backend error. 870 """ 871 def __init__(self, backend): 872 """ 873 Args: 874 backend (str): name of backend. 875 """ 876 usr_msg = ('Could not find backend "{0}" available.').format(backend) 877 dev_msg = ('Backend "{0}" does not exist. Please use ' 878 'available_backends to see options').format(backend) 879 ApiError.__init__(self, usr_msg=usr_msg, 880 dev_msg=dev_msg) 881 882 883 class CredentialsError(ApiError): 884 """Exception associated with bad server credentials.""" 885 pass 886 887 888 class RegisterSizeError(ApiError): 889 """Exception due to exceeding the maximum number of allowed qubits.""" 890 pass 891 [end of qiskit/backends/ibmq/api/ibmqconnector.py] [start of qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py] 1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 2 3 # Copyright 2018, IBM. 4 # 5 # This source code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 found in 6 # the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory of this source tree. 7 8 """Provider for remote IBMQ backends with admin features.""" 9 10 import warnings 11 from collections import OrderedDict 12 13 from qiskit.backends import BaseProvider 14 15 from .credentials._configrc import remove_credentials 16 from .credentials import (Credentials, 17 read_credentials_from_qiskitrc, store_credentials, discover_credentials) 18 from .ibmqaccounterror import IBMQAccountError 19 from .ibmqsingleprovider import IBMQSingleProvider 20 21 QE_URL = 'https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/api' 22 23 24 class IBMQProvider(BaseProvider): 25 """Provider for remote IBMQ backends with admin features. 26 27 This class is the entry point for handling backends from IBMQ, allowing 28 using different accounts. 29 """ 30 def __init__(self): 31 super().__init__() 32 33 # dict[credentials_unique_id: IBMQSingleProvider] 34 # This attribute stores a reference to the different accounts. The 35 # keys are tuples (hub, group, project), as the convention is that 36 # that tuple uniquely identifies a set of credentials. 37 self._accounts = OrderedDict() 38 39 def backends(self, name=None, filters=None, **kwargs): 40 """Return all backends accessible via IBMQ provider, subject to optional filtering. 41 42 Args: 43 name (str): backend name to filter by 44 filters (callable): more complex filters, such as lambda functions 45 e.g. IBMQ.backends(filters=lambda b: b.configuration['n_qubits'] > 5) 46 kwargs: simple filters specifying a true/false criteria in the 47 backend configuration or backend status or provider credentials 48 e.g. IBMQ.backends(n_qubits=5, operational=True, hub='internal') 49 50 Returns: 51 list[IBMQBackend]: list of backends available that match the filter 52 53 Raises: 54 IBMQAccountError: if no account matched the filter. 55 """ 56 # pylint: disable=arguments-differ 57 58 # Special handling of the credentials filters: match and prune from kwargs 59 credentials_filter = {} 60 for key in ['token', 'url', 'hub', 'group', 'project', 'proxies', 'verify']: 61 if key in kwargs: 62 credentials_filter[key] = kwargs.pop(key) 63 providers = [provider for provider in self._accounts.values() if 64 self._credentials_match_filter(provider.credentials, 65 credentials_filter)] 66 67 # Special handling of the `name` parameter, to support alias resolution. 68 if name: 69 aliases = self.aliased_backend_names() 70 aliases.update(self.deprecated_backend_names()) 71 name = aliases.get(name, name) 72 73 # Aggregate the list of filtered backends. 74 backends = [] 75 for provider in providers: 76 backends = backends + provider.backends( 77 name=name, filters=filters, **kwargs) 78 79 return backends 80 81 @staticmethod 82 def deprecated_backend_names(): 83 """Returns deprecated backend names.""" 84 return { 85 'ibmqx_qasm_simulator': 'ibmq_qasm_simulator', 86 'ibmqx_hpc_qasm_simulator': 'ibmq_qasm_simulator', 87 'real': 'ibmqx1' 88 } 89 90 @staticmethod 91 def aliased_backend_names(): 92 """Returns aliased backend names.""" 93 return { 94 'ibmq_5_yorktown': 'ibmqx2', 95 'ibmq_5_tenerife': 'ibmqx4', 96 'ibmq_16_rueschlikon': 'ibmqx5', 97 'ibmq_20_austin': 'QS1_1' 98 } 99 100 def enable_account(self, token, url=QE_URL, **kwargs): 101 """Authenticate a new IBMQ account and add for use during this session. 102 103 Login into Quantum Experience or IBMQ using the provided credentials, 104 adding the account to the current session. The account is not stored 105 in disk. 106 107 Args: 108 token (str): Quantum Experience or IBM Q API token. 109 url (str): URL for Quantum Experience or IBM Q (for IBM Q, 110 including the hub, group and project in the URL). 111 **kwargs (dict): 112 * proxies (dict): Proxy configuration for the API. 113 * verify (bool): If False, ignores SSL certificates errors 114 """ 115 credentials = Credentials(token, url, **kwargs) 116 117 self._append_account(credentials) 118 119 def save_account(self, token, url=QE_URL, **kwargs): 120 """Save the account to disk for future use. 121 122 Login into Quantum Experience or IBMQ using the provided credentials, 123 adding the account to the current session. The account is stored in 124 disk for future use. 125 126 Args: 127 token (str): Quantum Experience or IBM Q API token. 128 url (str): URL for Quantum Experience or IBM Q (for IBM Q, 129 including the hub, group and project in the URL). 130 **kwargs (dict): 131 * proxies (dict): Proxy configuration for the API. 132 * verify (bool): If False, ignores SSL certificates errors 133 """ 134 credentials = Credentials(token, url, **kwargs) 135 136 # Check if duplicated credentials are already stored. By convention, 137 # we assume (hub, group, project) is always unique. 138 stored_credentials = read_credentials_from_qiskitrc() 139 140 if credentials.unique_id() in stored_credentials.keys(): 141 warnings.warn('Credentials are already stored.') 142 else: 143 store_credentials(credentials) 144 145 def active_accounts(self): 146 """List all accounts currently in the session. 147 148 Returns: 149 list[dict]: a list with information about the accounts currently 150 in the session. 151 """ 152 information = [] 153 for provider in self._accounts.values(): 154 information.append({ 155 'token': provider.credentials.token, 156 'url': provider.credentials.url, 157 }) 158 159 return information 160 161 def stored_accounts(self): 162 """List all accounts stored to disk. 163 164 Returns: 165 list[dict]: a list with information about the accounts stored 166 on disk. 167 """ 168 information = [] 169 stored_creds = read_credentials_from_qiskitrc() 170 for creds in stored_creds: 171 information.append({ 172 'token': stored_creds[creds].token, 173 'url': stored_creds[creds].url 174 }) 175 176 return information 177 178 def load_accounts(self, **kwargs): 179 """Load IBMQ accounts found in the system into current session, 180 subject to optional filtering. 181 182 Automatically load the accounts found in the system. This method 183 looks for credentials in the following locations, in order, and 184 returns as soon as credentials are found: 185 186 1. in the `Qconfig.py` file in the current working directory. 187 2. in the environment variables. 188 3. in the `qiskitrc` configuration file 189 190 Raises: 191 IBMQAccountError: if no credentials are found. 192 """ 193 for credentials in discover_credentials().values(): 194 if self._credentials_match_filter(credentials, kwargs): 195 self._append_account(credentials) 196 197 if not self._accounts: 198 raise IBMQAccountError('No IBMQ credentials found on disk.') 199 200 def disable_accounts(self, **kwargs): 201 """Disable accounts in the current session, subject to optional filtering. 202 203 The filter kwargs can be `token`, `url`, `hub`, `group`, `project`. 204 If no filter is passed, all accounts in the current session will be disabled. 205 206 Raises: 207 IBMQAccountError: if no account matched the filter. 208 """ 209 disabled = False 210 211 # Try to remove from session. 212 current_creds = self._accounts.copy() 213 for creds in current_creds: 214 credentials = Credentials(current_creds[creds].credentials.token, 215 current_creds[creds].credentials.url) 216 if self._credentials_match_filter(credentials, kwargs): 217 del self._accounts[credentials.unique_id()] 218 disabled = True 219 220 if not disabled: 221 raise IBMQAccountError('No matching account to disable in current session.') 222 223 def delete_accounts(self, **kwargs): 224 """Delete saved accounts from disk, subject to optional filtering. 225 226 The filter kwargs can be `token`, `url`, `hub`, `group`, `project`. 227 If no filter is passed, all accounts will be deleted from disk. 228 229 Raises: 230 IBMQAccountError: if no account matched the filter. 231 """ 232 deleted = False 233 234 # Try to delete from disk. 235 stored_creds = read_credentials_from_qiskitrc() 236 for creds in stored_creds: 237 credentials = Credentials(stored_creds[creds].token, 238 stored_creds[creds].url) 239 if self._credentials_match_filter(credentials, kwargs): 240 remove_credentials(credentials) 241 deleted = True 242 243 if not deleted: 244 raise IBMQAccountError('No matching account to delete from disk.') 245 246 def _append_account(self, credentials): 247 """Append an account with the specified credentials to the session. 248 249 Args: 250 credentials (Credentials): set of credentials. 251 252 Returns: 253 IBMQSingleProvider: new single-account provider. 254 """ 255 # Check if duplicated credentials are already in use. By convention, 256 # we assume (hub, group, project) is always unique. 257 if credentials.unique_id() in self._accounts.keys(): 258 warnings.warn('Credentials are already in use.') 259 260 single_provider = IBMQSingleProvider(credentials, self) 261 self._accounts[credentials.unique_id()] = single_provider 262 263 return single_provider 264 265 def _credentials_match_filter(self, credentials, filter_dict): 266 """Return True if the credentials match a filter. 267 268 These filters apply on properties of a Credentials object: 269 token, url, hub, group, project, proxies, verify 270 Any other filter has no effect. 271 272 Args: 273 credentials (Credentials): IBMQ credentials object 274 filter_dict (dict): dictionary of filter conditions 275 276 Returns: 277 bool: True if the credentials meet all the filter conditions 278 """ 279 return all(getattr(credentials, key_, None) == value_ for 280 key_, value_ in filter_dict.items()) 281 [end of qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py] </code> I need you to solve this issue by generating a single patch file that I can apply directly to this repository using git apply. Please respond with a single patch file in the following format. <patch> --- a/file.py +++ b/file.py @@ -1,27 +1,35 @@ def euclidean(a, b): - while b: - a, b = b, a % b - return a + if b == 0: + return a + return euclidean(b, a % b) def bresenham(x0, y0, x1, y1): points = [] dx = abs(x1 - x0) dy = abs(y1 - y0) - sx = 1 if x0 < x1 else -1 - sy = 1 if y0 < y1 else -1 - err = dx - dy + x, y = x0, y0 + sx = -1 if x0 > x1 else 1 + sy = -1 if y0 > y1 else 1 - while True: - points.append((x0, y0)) - if x0 == x1 and y0 == y1: - break - e2 = 2 * err - if e2 > -dy: + if dx > dy: + err = dx / 2.0 + while x != x1: + points.append((x, y)) err -= dy - x0 += sx - if e2 < dx: - err += dx - y0 += sy + if err < 0: + y += sy + err += dx + x += sx + else: + err = dy / 2.0 + while y != y1: + points.append((x, y)) + err -= dx + if err < 0: + x += sx + err += dy + y += sy + points.append((x, y)) return points </patch>
Qiskit/qiskit
77dc51b93e7312bbff8f5acf7d8242232bd6624f
credentials failed for qiskit ver 0.6.1 <!-- ⚠️ If you do not respect this template, your issue will be closed --> <!-- ⚠️ Make sure to browse the opened and closed issues --> ### Informations - **Qiskit Terra version**: 0.6.1 - **Python version**: 3.7.0 - **Operating system**:MAC OSX 10.13.6 ### What is the current behavior? After I acquired fresh token from https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/qx/account/advanced IBMQ.load_accounts() fails. ### Steps to reproduce the problem ``` from qiskit import IBMQ myToken='b6abe11442c9a...' IBMQ.save_account(myToken) IBMQ.load_accounts() ``` Results with ``` Traceback (most recent call last): File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqsingleprovider.py", line 71, in _authenticate credentials.verify) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 478, in __init__ self.req = _Request(token, config=config, verify=verify) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 253, in __init__ ntlm_credentials=self.ntlm_credentials) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 95, in __init__ self.obtain_token(config=self.config) File "/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/IBMQuantumExperience/IBMQuantumExperience.py", line 159, in obtain_token raise CredentialsError('error during login: %s' % error_message) IBMQuantumExperience.IBMQuantumExperience.CredentialsError: error during login: Wrong user or password, check your credentials. ``` ### What is the expected behavior? Would be better if IBMQ.load_accounts() accepted me. All worked well w/ ver 0.5. ### Suggested solutions
Can you try enable_account or regenerating the token. Your code should work. If you type `IBMQ.stored_accounts()` do you see the account. @pacomf I can confirm this has happened to me today as well. I cant reproduce the bug, i regenerate my APIToken and it works fine using qiskit terra... is it still happening? Can you send me more details? It happened for about 5 hours on the weekend. However, @nonhermitian could run at the same time and then it started working again. Mmmm, maybe an issue with the API... we will investigate it I will add that, when it happened to me, I could log into some accounts and not others. Hi @jaygambetta, your tip helped. IBMQ.stored_accounts() has returned some old token, not the new one. Looks like IBMQ.save_account(myToken) is unable to replace token if it exist - I leave it to you to decide if it is a bug or a feature. My hack around it is to execute first: IBMQ.delete_accounts() to clear my old token. So this sequence always works: ` IBMQ.delete_accounts() myToken='b6abe11442c9a...' IBMQ.save_account(myToken) IBMQ.load_accounts() ` I can move on, closing thus ticket. Thanks for help Jan Let's leave this open and investigate whether there's a bug with `IBMQ.save_account()` re-writing old tokens. @diego-plan9 can you please have a look? Yes - thanks @balewski for the information, which is spot on - currently, `IBMQ.save_account()` will just print a warning and do nothing else if old credentials are present: https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/blob/master/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py#L140-L143 > Looks like IBMQ.save_account(myToken) is unable to replace token if it exist - I leave it to you to decide if it is a bug or a feature. Actually ... I can't decide if it is a bug or a feature either! :thinking: In the original draft implementation, the `.save_account()` (`.add_account()` by that time) method was [raising an Exception](https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit-terra/blob/746245e29c5cadc44dc37851b19a4150b4e86cd8/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py#L111) in the case of trying to store a duplicate account. This was later changed to a warning, I'm unsure if by design and as a hard requisite from Jupyter-users needs, or also related to the slight tuning of the method functionality (ie. not authenticating during the call, just storing in disk). So I'm actually de-assigning myself, as probably the rest of the team has a more fresh view of the design decisions related to #1000. I think we have several options: * consider that not overwriting and raising a warning is indeed the desired behavior: the main drawback is that the warning might be easy to miss (and was probably the source of confusion in this issue). * tune the method a bit in order to accept an `overwrite=True` optional parameter or a similar approach: the `credentials` module already has the needed parts in place, the main drawback would be that we touch a bit the public API. * be a bit more restrictive and promote the warning back to an exception: it might affect users running the method twice and already used to not raising a warning (ie. maybe notebook users). One way or the other, I think we need to make sure that the flow for updating an existing stored token is a bit smoother than the delete-save workaround proposed by @balewski, as it seems a relatively common use case. From external user perspective: It happens rather often that the ibmq_16_melbourne or even sometimes ibmqx4 does not accept the job, throws some 'general error', despite your web-page says both hardwares are operational. Then, it is natural to (wrongly?) guess perhaps my token is invalid. Then, I'd ask for a new token and try to use it - hoping it will help. For such train of though the natural solution is assume 'user knows what he wants'. If user wants to replace the token by calling save_account(), just replace it. You can issue a warning that there was an old token (still valid), but why not just replace token each time user calls IBMQ.save_account(myToken) ? Would this have any negative effect on your end? Thanks Jan I think save_account should not raise an exception. Overwriting is not bad behavior. Similar to overwriting a key in a dict or something. Should just work. @ajavadia is there an update. Hi, there is some inconsistency between the devices status you show here: https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/qx/account/advanced and actual avaliability. At this moment, both ibmqx4 and ibmq_16_melbourne are reported to work. However,. when I try to submit my circuit using Qiskit ver: 0.6.1 I get the error below for either. Got a 400 code response to https://quantumexperience.ng.bluemix.net/api/Jobs?access_token=VCgYWnMUUBaYeT5gSmGO14cX93Foo4rccsLUVvIjf3bwYEZNjxlDcRmPArS2wZ25: {"error":{"status":400,"message":"Generic error","code":"GENERIC_ERROR"}} Note, my token is correct, because I can submit the circuit to your simulator 'backend': 'ibmq_qasm_simulator', 'jobId2': '1814808', 'startTime': '2018-11-09 17:53:28'} Can you have a look ? Thanks Jan
2018-11-19T08:27:15Z
<patch> diff --git a/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/_configrc.py b/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/_configrc.py --- a/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/_configrc.py +++ b/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/_configrc.py @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Utilities for reading and writing credentials from and to configuration files. """ +import warnings import os from ast import literal_eval from collections import OrderedDict @@ -116,15 +117,17 @@ def store_credentials(credentials, overwrite=False, filename=None): location is used (`HOME/.qiskit/qiskitrc`). Raises: - QISKitError: If credentials already exists and overwrite=False; or if - the account_name could not be assigned. + QISKitError: if the account_name could not be assigned. """ # Read the current providers stored in the configuration file. filename = filename or DEFAULT_QISKITRC_FILE stored_credentials = read_credentials_from_qiskitrc(filename) + # Check if duplicated credentials are already stored. By convention, + # we assume (hub, group, project) is always unique. if credentials.unique_id() in stored_credentials and not overwrite: - raise QISKitError('Credentials already present and overwrite=False') + warnings.warn('Credentials already present. Set overwrite=True to overwrite.') + return # Append and write the credentials to file. stored_credentials[credentials.unique_id()] = credentials diff --git a/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/credentials.py b/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/credentials.py --- a/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/credentials.py +++ b/qiskit/backends/ibmq/credentials/credentials.py @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class Credentials(object): """IBM Q account credentials. Note that, by convention, two credentials that have the same hub, group - and token (regardless of other attributes) are considered equivalent. + and project (regardless of other attributes) are considered equivalent. The `unique_id()` returns the unique identifier. """ diff --git a/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py b/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py --- a/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py +++ b/qiskit/backends/ibmq/ibmqprovider.py @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def enable_account(self, token, url=QE_URL, **kwargs): self._append_account(credentials) - def save_account(self, token, url=QE_URL, **kwargs): + def save_account(self, token, url=QE_URL, overwrite=False, **kwargs): """Save the account to disk for future use. Login into Quantum Experience or IBMQ using the provided credentials, @@ -127,20 +127,13 @@ def save_account(self, token, url=QE_URL, **kwargs): token (str): Quantum Experience or IBM Q API token. url (str): URL for Quantum Experience or IBM Q (for IBM Q, including the hub, group and project in the URL). + overwrite (bool): overwrite existing credentials. **kwargs (dict): * proxies (dict): Proxy configuration for the API. * verify (bool): If False, ignores SSL certificates errors """ credentials = Credentials(token, url, **kwargs) - - # Check if duplicated credentials are already stored. By convention, - # we assume (hub, group, project) is always unique. - stored_credentials = read_credentials_from_qiskitrc() - - if credentials.unique_id() in stored_credentials.keys(): - warnings.warn('Credentials are already stored.') - else: - store_credentials(credentials) + store_credentials(credentials, overwrite=overwrite) def active_accounts(self): """List all accounts currently in the session. </patch>
[]
[]
docker__compose-6410
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
docker/compose
14e7a11b3c96f0ea818c8c28d84a1aff7967e579
"Upgrade `events` to use the new API fields\nIn API version 1.22 the events structure was updated to(...TRUNCATED)
"This upgrade may also allow us to handle image events. Since we won't need to inspect every event, (...TRUNCATED)
2018-12-11T01:55:02Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/compose/cli/log_printer.py b/compose/cli/log_printer.py\n--- a/compose/cli/lo(...TRUNCATED)
[]
[]
ytdl-org__youtube-dl-1591
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
ytdl-org/youtube-dl
b4cdc245cf0af0672207a5090cb6eb6c29606cdb
"Opus audio conversion failure\nWhen trying to extract and convert audio from a youtube video into a(...TRUNCATED)
"I had the same issue and after an hour-long debug session with a friend of mine we found out that t(...TRUNCATED)
2013-10-12T11:32:27Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/youtube_dl/PostProcessor.py b/youtube_dl/PostProcessor.py\n--- a/youtube_dl/P(...TRUNCATED)
[]
[]
numpy__numpy-13703
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
numpy/numpy
40ada70d9efc903097b2ff3f968c23a7e2f14296
"Dtype.base attribute not documented\ndtype instances have a `base` attribute that, I think, is mean(...TRUNCATED)
"I've found myself using `.subdtype` instead, which contains the same info\nI think base also means (...TRUNCATED)
2019-06-03T20:15:13Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/numpy/core/_add_newdocs.py b/numpy/core/_add_newdocs.py\n--- a/numpy/core/_ad(...TRUNCATED)
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[]
wagtail__wagtail-7855
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
wagtail/wagtail
4550bba562286992b27e667b071451e6886fbf44
"Use html_url in alias_of API serialisation\nAs per https://github.com/wagtail/wagtail/pull/7669#iss(...TRUNCATED)
2022-01-13T15:50:23Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/wagtail/api/v2/serializers.py b/wagtail/api/v2/serializers.py\n--- a/wagtail/(...TRUNCATED)
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pandas-dev__pandas-27237
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
pandas-dev/pandas
f683473a156f032a64a1d7edcebde21c42a8702d
"Add key to sorting functions\nMany python functions (sorting, max/min) accept a key argument, perh(...TRUNCATED)
"Here's a specific use case that came up on [StackOverflow](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29580(...TRUNCATED)
2019-07-04T23:04:26Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/doc/source/user_guide/basics.rst b/doc/source/user_guide/basics.rst\n--- a/do(...TRUNCATED)
[]
[]
conan-io__conan-3187
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
conan-io/conan
c3baafb780b6e5498f8bd460426901d9d5ab10e1
"Using \"?\" in a tools.get() URL will fail, while using it in a tools.download() will succeed.\nTo (...TRUNCATED)
"Verified: ``tools.get()`` uses the last part of the URL as the name of the file to be saved.\r\n\r\(...TRUNCATED)
2018-07-10T10:30:23Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/conans/client/tools/net.py b/conans/client/tools/net.py\n--- a/conans/client/(...TRUNCATED)
[]
[]
googleapis__google-cloud-python-3348
"You will be provided with a partial code base and an issue statement explaining a problem to resolv(...TRUNCATED)
googleapis/google-cloud-python
520637c245d461db8ee45ba466d763036b82ea42
Error reporting system tests needed Follow up to #3263.
2017-05-01T22:40:28Z
"<patch>\ndiff --git a/error_reporting/nox.py b/error_reporting/nox.py\n--- a/error_reporting/nox.py(...TRUNCATED)
[]
[]

Dataset Card for "SWE-bench_bm25_13K"

Dataset Summary

SWE-bench is a dataset that tests systems’ ability to solve GitHub issues automatically. The dataset collects 2,294 Issue-Pull Request pairs from 12 popular Python. Evaluation is performed by unit test verification using post-PR behavior as the reference solution.

The dataset was released as part of SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?

This dataset SWE-bench_bm25_13K includes a formatting of each instance using Pyserini's BM25 retrieval as described in the paper. The code context size limit is 13,000 cl100k_base tokens from the tiktoken tokenization package used for OpenAI models. The text column can be used directly with LMs to generate patch files. Models are instructed to generate patch formatted file using the following template:

<patch>
diff
--- a/path/to/file.py
--- b/path/to/file.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 This is a test file.
-It contains several lines.
+It has been modified.
 This is the third line.
</patch>

This format can be used directly with the SWE-bench inference scripts. Please refer to these scripts for more details on inference.

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

SWE-bench proposes a new task: issue resolution provided a full repository and GitHub issue. The leaderboard can be found at www.swebench.com

Languages

The text of the dataset is primarily English, but we make no effort to filter or otherwise clean based on language type.

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

An example of a SWE-bench datum is as follows:

instance_id: (str) - A formatted instance identifier, usually as repo_owner__repo_name-PR-number.
text: (str) - The input text including instructions, the "Oracle" retrieved file, and an example of the patch format for output.
patch: (str) - The gold patch, the patch generated by the PR (minus test-related code), that resolved the issue.
repo: (str) - The repository owner/name identifier from GitHub.
base_commit: (str) - The commit hash of the repository representing the HEAD of the repository before the solution PR is applied.
hints_text: (str) - Comments made on the issue prior to the creation of the solution PR’s first commit creation date.
created_at: (str) - The creation date of the pull request.
test_patch: (str) - A test-file patch that was contributed by the solution PR.
problem_statement: (str) - The issue title and body.
version: (str) - Installation version to use for running evaluation.
environment_setup_commit: (str) - commit hash to use for environment setup and installation.
FAIL_TO_PASS: (str) - A json list of strings that represent the set of tests resolved by the PR and tied to the issue resolution.
PASS_TO_PASS: (str) - A json list of strings that represent tests that should pass before and after the PR application.

More Information needed

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