Patent Document

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0063216, filed on May 6, 2015, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Field 
         [0003]    One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a battery pack. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    As wireless Internet or communication technology has been developed, portable electronic devices that can be operated using batteries without an external power supply have been widely used. Portable computers from among the portable electronic devices have relatively small sizes, may be carried, and allow for mobility and thus are widely used for business or personal purposes. These portable computers may include battery packs so that they may be used in several places without using an external power supply. A battery pack may include a bare cell that can be repeatedly charged/discharged so as to provide sufficient output. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0006]    One or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention include a battery pack. 
         [0007]    Additional aspects are set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments. 
         [0008]    According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a battery pack includes: a bare cell; a protective circuit module electrically connected to the bare cell; a first lead plate connecting the protective circuit module and a terminal of the bare cell; and a first cover at an upper portion of the bare cell, wherein a portion of the first cover protrudes outward and accommodates the protective circuit module. 
         [0009]    The first cover may include: a first cover body part at an upper portion of the bare cell; and a first protrusion part, which protrudes from the first cover body part, wherein the protective circuit module is accommodated in the first protrusion part. 
         [0010]    The first protrusion part may have an opening which at least partially exposes an external terminal of the protective circuit module. 
         [0011]    The battery pack may further include a cover holder between the bare cell and the protective circuit module. 
         [0012]    The protective circuit module may be offset from the terminal of the bare cell. 
         [0013]    The protective circuit module may be farther away from the terminal of the bare cell than the first lead plate. 
         [0014]    The battery pack may further include a label surrounding the bare cell. 
         [0015]    The label may include: a first label surrounding the bare cell and a portion of the first cover; and a second label protruding from the first label and surrounding the protruding portion of the first cover. 
         [0016]    According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a battery pack includes: a bare cell; a protective circuit module electrically connected to the bare cell; a first lead plate connecting the protective circuit module and a terminal of the bare cell; and a first cover at an upper portion of the bare cell, wherein the bare cell includes: a can; a cap plate at an upper side of the can and welded to the can; and a bead protrusion prevention part on the cap plate and configured to prevent weld beads from protruding from the cap plate. 
         [0017]    The bead protrusion prevention part may include a bead accommodation groove at at least one end of the cap plate. 
         [0018]    The bead accommodation groove may be formed by rolling. 
         [0019]    A portion of the first cover may protrude outward and the protective circuit module may be accommodated in the first cover. 
         [0020]    The protective circuit module may be offset from the terminal of the bare cell. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0021]    These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0022]      FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention; 
           [0023]      FIG. 2  is a perspective view of a bare cell of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0024]      FIG. 3  is an enlarged view of the portion A of  FIG. 2 ; and 
           [0025]      FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of  FIG. 3 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0026]    Reference is now made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the present exemplary embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects of the present invention. In the drawings, the relative sizes of elements, layers, and regions may be exaggerated for clarity. 
         [0027]    As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the singular forms are not specifically mentioned in the paragraph. it will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including” used herein specify the presence of stated components, steps, operations and/or elements but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations and/or elements. It will be understood that although the terms “first”, “second”, etc. may be used herein to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These components are only used to distinguish one component from another. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list. 
         [0028]    Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “under,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of explanation to describe one element or feature&#39;s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or in operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” or “under” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example terms “below” and “under” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly. 
         [0029]    It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. In addition, it will also be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “between” two elements or layers, it can be the only element or layer between the two elements or layers, or one or more intervening elements or layers may also be present. 
         [0030]    As used herein, the term “substantially,” “about,” and similar terms are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent deviations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. Further, the use of “may” when describing embodiments of the present invention refers to “one or more embodiments of the present invention.” As used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively. Also, the term “exemplary” is intended to refer to an example or illustration. 
         [0031]    The electronic or electric devices and/or any other relevant devices or components according to embodiments of the present invention described herein may be implemented utilizing any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g. an application-specific integrated circuit), software, or a combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, the various components of these devices may be formed on one integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Further, the various components of these devices may be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape carrier package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on one substrate. Further, the various components of these devices may be a process or thread, running on one or more processors, in one or more computing devices, executing computer program instructions and interacting with other system components for performing the various functionalities described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in a memory which may be implemented in a computing device using a standard memory device, such as, for example, a random access memory (RAM). The computer program instructions may also be stored in other non-transitory computer readable media such as, for example, a CD-ROM, flash drive, or the like. Also, a person of skill in the art should recognize that the functionality of various computing devices may be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functionality of a particular computing device may be distributed across one or more other computing devices without departing from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
         [0032]    Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and/or the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined herein. 
         [0033]      FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention.  FIG. 2  is a perspective view of a bare cell of  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 3  is an enlarged view of the portion A of  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of  FIG. 3 . 
         [0034]    Referring to  FIGS. 1 through 4 , a battery pack  100  according to one or more embodiments of the present invention may include a bare cell  110 , a protective circuit module  120 , a first lead plate  130 , a second lead plate  140 , a cover holder  150 , a first cover  160 , a second cover  170 , a first tape  181 , a second tape  182 , and a label  190 . 
         [0035]    The bare cell  110  may include a can  111 , an electrode assembly, a cap plate  112 , and a bead protrusion prevention part  113 . A space may be formed in the can  111 , and the electrode assembly may be disposed in the can  111  to be combined with an electrolyte. The electrode assembly may include a negative electrode plate onto which a negative electrode active material is coated, a positive electrode plate onto which a positive electrode active material is coated, and a separator interposed therebetween. In one or more embodiments, the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator may be wound in a jelly roll shape and may form the electrode assembly. 
         [0036]    The cap plate  112  may be installed in an opened portion (or side) of the can  111  and may be fixed to the can  111 . In one or more embodiments, the cap plate  112  may be fixed to the can  111  using welding. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the cap plate  112  is fixed to the can  111  using laser welding is described. 
         [0037]    The cap plate  112  may be formed of a metal material, and an opening (e.g., a hole) may be formed so that the electrolyte may be injected into the can  111  through the opening. In one or more embodiments, the opening may be sealed (e.g., by a stopper or a separate stopper). Also, the cap plate  112  may include a terminal  111   a  that is formed to protrude outward (e.g., away from the can  111 ) and contacts the first lead plate  130 . For example, the terminal  111   a  may be disposed at or near the center of the cap plate  112  with respect to a lengthwise direction of the cap plate  112 . Also, a gasket  111   b  may be disposed between the terminal  111   a  and the cap plate  112  and may insulate the terminal  111   a  and the cap plate  112  from each other. 
         [0038]    The bead protrusion prevention part  113  may be formed in the cap plate  112 . In one or more embodiments, the bead protrusion prevention part  113  may be formed in at least one end of the cap plate  112  (e.g., may be formed at one or both distal ends of the cap plate  112  (e.g., an end that is distal to the center of the cap plate  112 )). 
         [0039]    The bead protrusion prevention part  113  may be a bead accommodation groove  113   a  that is formed to be recessed from a top surface of the cap plate  112 . For example, the bead protrusion prevention part  113  may be formed to have a shape that is the same as or similar to a lateral shape of the can  111  (e.g., the bead protrusion prevention part  113  may be formed to have a shape that is the same as or similar to a side portion of the can  111 ). The bead protrusion prevention part  113  may be disposed to be spaced apart from an edge of the cap plate  112  (e.g., spaced apart from an edge of the cap plate  112  by a predetermined distance). 
         [0040]    The protective circuit module  120  may be electrically connected to the bare cell  110 . In one or more embodiments, the protective circuit module  120  may be connected to the first lead plate  130  and the second lead plate  140  and may protect the bare cell  110  from overcharging, overdischarging, and/or high temperature. 
         [0041]    In one or more embodiments, the protective circuit module  120  may be manufactured to be slim, with a relatively small width and a relatively large length, and may be disposed in an area that has bilateral symmetry with respect to the center of the bare cell  110 . As such, a size of the protective circuit module  120  is reduced or minimized so that spatial utility of the battery pack  100  may be increased. For example, reducing the size of the protective circuit module  120  and reducing or minimizing the space required to accommodate the protective circuit module  120  may provide for an increase of the capacity of the bare cell  110 . 
         [0042]    The protective circuit module  120  may be disposed to be spaced apart from the top surface of the cap plate  112  and may include at least one of a safety element and a protective element that are separately installed on a circuit board  121 . For example, the protective element may include a switch (e.g., a switching part) and a controller that are electrically connected to wire patterns formed in the circuit board  121  and form a charging/discharging current path. For example, the protective element may be formed as one chip or circuitry and may be mounted on the circuit board  121 . The safety element, which is a secondary element, may perform a function of regulating a charging or discharging current and/or cutting off the charging or discharging current following a malfunction, such as overheating or overcurrent. For example, the safety element may include a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), a fuse, a current cutoff element, or a via metal. 
         [0043]    The protective circuit module  120  may include an external terminal  122  formed on the circuit board  121 . The external terminal  122  may be electrically connected to an external electronic device. 
         [0044]    The protective circuit module  120  may be formed to have a length that is less than or equal to half of a length of the cap plate  112 . For example, the protective circuit module  120  may be formed to have a length that is less than a distance from one of the ends of the terminal  111   a  to the corresponding end of the cap plate  112  (e.g., the protective circuit module  120  may be formed to have a length that is less than a distance from a distal end of the terminal  111   a  to a corresponding distal end of the cap plate  112 , in other words, an end close to the edge of the cap plate  112 ). In this case, the circuit board  121  may be disposed to be offset from the terminal  111   a . That is, the circuit board  121  may be disposed between one of the distal ends of the cap plate  112  and the terminal  111   a . Also, the circuit board  121  may be disposed to be farther away from the terminal  111   a  than the first lead plate  130 . 
         [0045]    The first lead plate  130  and the second lead plate  140  may be connected to the protective circuit module  120 . For example, the first lead plate  130  and the second lead plate  140  may each be formed to be bent (e.g., to include a bent portion) so that one surface of the protective circuit module  120  may be spaced apart from the cap plate  112 . Also, the first lead plate  130  and the second lead plate  140  may be disposed such that the respective bent portions face each other so that each of one end of the first lead plate  130  and one end of the second lead plate  140  may be inserted into and fixed to the circuit board  121  (e.g., the bent portions of the first lead plate  130  and the second lead plate  140  may be inserted into and fixed to the circuit board  121 ). 
         [0046]    The first lead plate  130  may connect the protective circuit module  120  and the terminal  111   a . Also, the second lead plate  140  may connect the cap plate  112  and the protective circuit module  120 . 
         [0047]    In one or more embodiments, the cover holder  150  may be disposed between the protective circuit module  120  and the cap plate  112 . For example, the cover holder  150  may insulate the protective circuit module  120  and the cap plate  112  from each other. The cover holder  150  may be manufactured of an insulating, injection-molded material. 
         [0048]    The terminal  111   a  may be inserted into the cover holder  150  (e.g., the terminal  111   a  may be inserted into an opening or a hole in the cover holder  150 ). The first lead plate  130  may be inserted into the opening in the cover holder  150 . As such, the terminal  111   a  may be exposed through the hole and may be connected to the first lead plate  130  that is inserted into the hole. 
         [0049]    In one or more embodiments, the first cover  160  may be disposed on the cap plate  112  and the protective circuit module  120 . For example, the first cover  160  may include a first cover body part  161  (e.g., a first cover body portion) and a first protrusion part  162  (e.g., a first protrusion portion). 
         [0050]    The first cover body part  161  may be formed in a plate shape and may be disposed on the cap plate  112  in areas corresponding to areas of the cap plate  112  on which the protective circuit module  120  is not disposed. In this case, the first cover body part  161  may have the same or substantially the same area as that of the cap plate  112 . For example, the perimeter of the first cover body part  161  may be substantially the same as the perimeter of the cap plate  112 . 
         [0051]    The first protrusion part  162  may be connected to the first cover body part  161  and may be formed to protrude from the first cover body part  161  in a direction opposite to a direction of the bare cell  110  (e.g., the first protrusion part  162  may protrude away from the bare cell  110  in the first direction). A space may be formed in the first protrusion part  162  so that the protective circuit module  120  may be inserted or accommodated in the space. Also, an exposure opening (or exposure hole)  162   a  through which the external terminal  122  may be exposed to the outside may be formed in the first protrusion part  162 . In one or more exemplary embodiments, a separate terminal to be connected to the external terminal  122  may also be formed in the first protrusion part  162 . Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the exposure opening  162   a  is formed in the first protrusion part  162 , is described. 
         [0052]    The first protrusion part  162  may be formed to be eccentric (e.g., offset or skewed or to one side) from the center of the first cover body part  161  with respect to a lengthwise direction of the first cover body part  161  (e.g., the second direction). For example, the first protrusion part  162  may be formed in a position corresponding to the protective circuit module  120 . Thus, the first protrusion part  162  may be formed between the terminal  111   a  and one of the ends of the cap plate  112 . 
         [0053]    The first tape  181  may be disposed between the cover holder  150  and the cap plate  112  and between the first cover  160  and the cap plate  112 . For example, the first tape  181  may be formed of an adhesive material to attach the cover holder  150  onto the cap plate  112  and to attach the first cover  160  onto the cap plate  112 . 
         [0054]    One of the cover holder  150  and the first cover  160  may include a coupling part (or coupling portion)  151 , and the other one of the cover holder  150  and the first cover  160  may include a fixed part (or fixed portion)  161   a . For example, the coupling part  151  may be formed as a protrusion or a hook, and the fixed part  161   a  may be formed as a hole or opening or groove into which the coupling part  151  is inserted. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the case where the coupling part  151  is disposed in the cover holder  150  and the fixed part  161   a  is disposed in the first cover  160  is described. 
         [0055]    The second cover  170  may be installed on a bottom surface (or lower surface) of the can  111 . In one or more embodiments, the second tape  182  may be formed of an adhesive material to attach the second cover  170  to the can  111  and to fix the second cover to the can  111 . 
         [0056]    The label  190  may be installed to surround a part of the first cover  160  and a part of the bare cell  110  and the second cover  170 . In this case, the label  190  may include a first label  191  installed to surround a part of the first cover body part  161  and a part of the bare cell  110  and the second cover  170  and a second label  192  installed to surround a part of the first protrusion part  162 . 
         [0057]    In one or more embodiments, the first label  191  and the second label  192  may be integrally formed. For example, the second label  192  may be formed to protrude from the first label  191  toward the first protrusion part  162 . As such, the second label  192  may be attached to sides of the first protrusion part  162 . 
         [0058]    According to a method of manufacturing the battery pack  100  according to one or more embodiments of the present invention, first, the bare cell  110  may be manufactured or obtained. In detail, after the can  111 , the electrode assembly and the cap plate  112  are respectively manufactured (or obtained), the electrode assembly may be inserted into the can  111 , and the cap plate  112  and the can  111  may be welded and fixed to the electrode assembly. In this case, a top side of the can  111  on which the cap plate  112  is seated may be formed to be stepped so that the cap plate  112  may be seated at the top side of the can  111 . 
         [0059]    When welding is performed, as described above, edges of the cap plate  112  may be welded. In this case, when welding is performed, one or more beads (e.g., welding beads) B caused by welding may be generated on both ends of the cap plate  112 . These beads B may be formed on a top surface of the cap plate  112 . 
         [0060]    Because a general battery pack has a top surface of a cap plate that is flat or substantially flat, when the beads B are formed, the second lead plate  140  and the cap plate  112  may not smoothly contact each other. In detail, when the protective circuit module  120  is disposed to be eccentric toward one side of the cap plate  112 , as described above, the second lead plate  140  may be adjacent to one of the ends of the cap plate  112  and may contact the cap plate  112 . In this case, when the beads generated by welding are formed on the top surface of the cap plate  112 , the top surface of the cap plate  112  that the second lead plate  140  contacts may be bent or uneven. 
         [0061]    However, in the battery cell  100  according to one or more exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may be formed in the cap plate  112  so that the beads B may be prevented from being formed at a portion of the cap plate  112  that has the second lead plate  140  installed thereon. In addition, the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may be prevent or substantially prevent the beads B from protruding from the cap plate, for example, during or after welding the cap plate  112  and the can  111 . 
         [0062]    In detail, the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may be formed in at least one end of the cap plate  112 , as described above. In this case, the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may be formed when the top surface of the cap plate  112  is recessed by rolling. As such, a bottom surface of the cap plate  112  corresponding to the portion of the cap plate  112  having the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may be formed so that only the top surface of the cap plate  112  may be recessed. 
         [0063]    As described above, when the cap plate  112  includes the bead accommodation groove  113   a , the beads B generated by welding may be accommodated (or inserted into and housed or stored) in the bead accommodation groove  113   a . In particular, the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may be formed to surround a portion of the cap plate  112  that the second lead plate  140  contacts, thereby preventing the beads B from invading (or being formed at) the portion of the cap plate  112  that the second lead plate  140  contacts. Thus, the bead accommodation groove  113   a  may prevent the beads B from invading the portion of the cap plate  112  in which the second lead plate  140  is installed, so that the second lead plate  140  and the cap plate  112  may be in close contact (e.g., completely in close contact) with each other. 
         [0064]    When welding of the can  111  and the cap plate  112  is finished, as described above, the first tape  181  may be attached to the cap plate  112 . In this case, a length of the first tape  181  may be formed to have a length that is different from a length of the cap plate  112 . For example, the length of the first tape  181  may be less than the length of the cap plate  112 . For example, the portion of the cap plate  112  that the second lead plate  140  contacts may omit the first tape  181 , so that a space in which the second lead plate  140  is fixed to the cap plate  112 , may be secured (or substantially secured). 
         [0065]    The cover holder  150  may be installed on the first tape  181 . In this case, the cover holder  150  may be attached to the second tape  182 . The protective circuit module  120  may be installed on the cover holder  150 . In this case, the protective circuit module  120  may be in a state in which the first lead plate  130  and the second lead plate  140  are installed. 
         [0066]    The first lead plate  130  may be coupled to the terminal  111   a  by welding. Also, the second lead plate  140  may be coupled to the cap plate  112  by welding. In this case, an outer edge of one end of the second lead plate  140  may be surrounded by the bead accommodation groove  113   a , as described above. 
         [0067]    The first cover  160  may be installed on the protective circuit module  120 . in this case, the first cover  160  may also be installed to shield (e.g., completely shield) a top surface of the protective circuit module  120  and the top surface of the cap plate  112 . 
         [0068]    A part of the first cover  160  may be fixed to the cover holder  150 , and the other part of the first cover  160  (e.g., the first cover body part  161 ) may be attached to and fixed to the first tape  181 . In particular, the fixed part  161   a  formed in the first protrusion part  162  of the first cover  160  may be coupled to the coupling part  151  of the cover holder  150 . 
         [0069]    When the first cover  160  is installed, as described above, the first cover body part  161  of the first cover  160  (e.g., the portion excluding the first protrusion part  162 ) may be formed relatively flat. In this case, a height difference between the first protrusion part  162  and the first cover body part  161  of the first cover  160  occurs so that a space may be formed in the part of the first cover  160  excluding the first protrusion part  162 . In particular, when the battery pack  100  is installed in an external device, a space is formed between the first cover body part  161  and the external device so that other components or parts required or used in the external device may be installed in the space. 
         [0070]    While (or after or before) the first cover  160  is assembled, the second tape  182  may be installed at a lower portion of the bare cell  110  and then, the second cover  170  may be installed. Also, the label  190  may be installed on an outer surface of the bare cell  110 . 
         [0071]    In this case, the first label  191  may be installed to surround a part of the first cover body part  161  and a part of the bare cell  110  and the second cover  170 , respectively. Also, the second label  192  may be attached to a part of sides of the first protrusion part  162 . 
         [0072]    Thus, the battery pack  100  may prevent or substantially prevent the beads B that are generated during welding from invading the top surface of the cap plate  112 , thereby preventing a defective contact between the second lead plate  140  and the cap plate  112 . 
         [0073]    In the battery pack  100 , the protective circuit module  120  is installed to be eccentric from the center of the bare cell  110  to prevent or minimize the likelihood of a short circuit that may occur when the protective circuit module  120  contacts the terminal  111   a  of the bare cell  110  by an external shock. 
         [0074]    Also, in the battery pack  100 , a space between the first cover  160  excluding the first protrusion part  162  and the external device is formed to secure a space in which other components of the external device may be disposed, when the external device is designed. 
         [0075]    As described above, according to one or more of the embodiments of the present invention, a capacity of a battery may be increased or maximized, and a contact between a lead plate and a cap plate may be prevented from being disturbed by beads generated when welding is performed. 
         [0076]    It should be understood that exemplary embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each exemplary embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other exemplary embodiments. 
         [0077]    While one or more exemplary embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims, and their equivalents.

Technology Category: 5