Patent Document

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    Not applicable 
       FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH 
       [0002]    Not applicable 
       SEQUENCE LISTING OR PROGRAM 
       [0003]    Not applicable 
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    The invention relates to converting piston driven engines to operate on electricity. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    The growing energy crisis has caused many people to try to convert gasoline engines to run batteries. I discovered a method to convert a garden tractor engine to operate on a car battery. Then I had a patent search made. I had not been influenced by other inventions. Several patents regarding electrifying engines have been granted. My invention differs from all I saw in several ways. I found no patent using a double length solenoid tube having two separate coils to produce power on the down stroke and the up stroke. I found no patents using the flywheel or crankshaft pulley to host devices used in electrical switching systems to have the magnets pulling on every stroke. I found no patents that claimed to have a working model. My conversion method does all of the above listed, and the conversion can be made with parts easily obtainable. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    A method of converting piston driven engines to operate on electricity. This method can be used on alternating current, AC, or direct current, DC, on engines with any number of pistons. The means of providing this conversion is by making a solenoid tube approximately twice the length of the stroke of the engine piston. The double length solenoid tube is wound with suitable wire; two separate magnetic coils are wound from approximately opposite ends to the middle. A bar, which can be temporally magnetized and is approximately the length of the stroke of the engine piston, is connected at one end to a rod, which cannot be magnetized; the other end of the rod, is connected to the top of the engine piston. The length of the rod is approximately the length of the stroke of the engine piston. The double length solenoid tube is fastened over a cylinder; if a plurality of cylinders are used, each should have its own approximately double length solenoid tube. When the bar is in the top part of the tube, the bottom coil is energized pulling the bar into the bottom part of the double length solenoid tube, pushing the engine piston down, turning the crankshaft 180 degrees, when the bar and its piston connections are in the bottom part of the double length solenoid tube, the top coil is energized, pulling the bar and its piston connections up, turning the crankshaft completely the 360 degree cycle. The engine piston or pistons and the crankshaft are under working pressure from each piston, almost all the time. 
     
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0007]      FIG. 1 , the preferred embodiment, shows a half section view of the block of a four-cylinder engine with a double length solenoid tube above each cylinder, with two separate coils wound about the tubes, a small cooling tube marked with vertical lines, is wound with coils: the basic electrical system is also shown. 
           [0008]      FIG. 2  shows a half section view of the block of a four-cylinder engine with a double length solenoid tube above each cylinder with two separately wound coils, wound around the tube, air cooling tubes are placed around the coils to cool them, the basic electrical system is also shown. 
           [0009]      FIG. 3  a perspective view with cutaways, showing one double-length solenoid with its parts, one engine cylinder with its parts, and the connection to the crankshaft. 
           [0010]      FIG. 4  an exploded view showing the double length solenoid tube, the coils the power magnet, the power rod, the engine piston and connecting rod; also shown (not claimed) is a system I used to align the flanges to the tube prior to soldering. 
           [0011]      FIG. 5  an electrical system showing a flywheel with switching devices attached, depicting by dots what circuits are energized during the first 180 degrees turning of the flywheel. 
           [0012]      FIG. 6  an electrical system showing a flywheel and depicting by dots what circuits are energized during the 2 nd , 180 degree turning to the 360 degree turning of the flywheel. 
           [0000]    
         
           
                 
               
                 
                 
               
             
                 
                     
                 
                 
                   DRAWINGS-Reference numerals 
                 
                 
                     
                 
               
               
                 
                     
                 
               
            
             
                 
                    7 one-way oil/air/intake valve 
                    8 one-way oil/air exhaust valve 
                 
                 
                    9 one-way air intake valve 
                   10 one-way air exhaust valve 
                 
                 
                   11 heat switch 
                   12 oil-air tube flange 
                 
                 
                   13 double length solenoid tube 
                   14 suitable coil wire 
                 
                 
                   15 grounded wire 
                   16 power magnet 
                 
                 
                   17 power magnet 
                   18 power magnet 
                 
                 
                   19 power magnet 
                   20 oil-air ring 
                 
                 
                   21 power rod made of non-magnetic material 
                 
                 
                   22 threaded nut 
                   24 crankshaft lobe 
                 
                 
                   23 connecting rod between engine piston and crankshaft 
                 
                 
                   25 all thread rod 
                   26 engine cylinder 
                 
                 
                   27 oil-air mist-adjusting screw 
                   28 small liquid cooling tube 
                 
                 
                   29 air intake cooling tube 
                   30 air exhaust cooling tube 
                 
                 
                   31 engine piston 
                   32 wrist pin 
                 
                 
                   33 solenoid flange 
                   34 crankshaft 
                 
                 
                   35 crankcase 
                   36 crankshaft pulley 
                 
                 
                   37 engine piston compression ring 
                   38 engine piston oil ring 
                 
                 
                   39 flywheel cover 
                   40 flywheel 
                 
                 
                   41 fuse 
                 
                 
                   42 voltage amperage amplifier wired to adjustable pickup 46 
                 
                 
                   43 voltage amperage amplifier wired to adjustable pickup 47 
                 
                 
                   44 voltage amperage amplifier wired to adjustable pickup 48 
                 
                 
                   45 voltage amperage amplifier wired to adjustable pickup 49 
                 
                 
                   46 adjustable pickup opposite flywheel switch 52 and 72 
                 
                 
                   47 adjustable pickup opposite flywheel switch 53 and 73 
                 
                 
                   48 adjustable pickup opposite flywheel switch 54 and 74 
                 
                 
                   49 adjustable pickup opposite flywheel switch 55 and 75 
                 
                 
                   50 oil-air intake tube 
                   51 oil-air exhaust tube 
                 
                 
                   52N flywheel switch on 
                   53N flywheel switch on 
                 
                 
                   54F flywheel switch off 
                   55F flywheel switch off 
                 
                 
                   72F flywheel switch off 
                   73F flywheel switch off 
                 
                 
                   74N flywheel switch on 
                   75N flywheel switch on 
                 
                 
                   77 supply wire 
                   60 battery 
                 
                 
                   61 ignition switch apparatus 
                   78 starter motor hole 
                 
                 
                   62 pedal voltage amperage controller 
                 
                 
                   63 main electrical source supply wire 
                   64 computer 
                 
                 
                   65 engine block 
                   66 engine fan 
                 
                 
                   67 air shroud 
                   68 air filter 
                 
                 
                   70 oil supply tube 
                   71 valve seat 
                 
                 
                   80 top magnetic coil 
                   81 top magnetic coil 
                 
                 
                   82 top magnetic coil 
                   83 top magnetic coil 
                 
                 
                   85 bottom magnetic coil 
                   86 bottom magnetic coil 
                 
                 
                   87 bottom magnetic coil 
                   88 bottom magnetic coil 
                 
                 
                     
                 
               
            
           
         
       
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0013]    Turning now to  FIG. 1 , a detailed description concerning basic components of a conventional internal combustion engine as well as the components for modifying the internal combustion engine to facilitate conversion into an electrical driven engine will now be provided. As can be seen in  FIG. 1  the internal combustion engine comprises an engine block  65 , which has a desired number of cylinder bores  26 , formed therein, e.g. in this  FIG. 1  there are four cylinder bores. Each cylinder bore  26 , has an inwardly facing surface, which is sized to have a close sliding fit with a mating outwardly facing surface of mating piston  31 . Each piston  31 , typically has two spring biased lower oil rings  38 , and two spring biased compression rings  37 , which are positioned between the outwardly facing surface of the engine pistons  31  and the inwardly facing surface of the cylinder bore  26 . The oil rings  38  slide against the inwardly facing surfaces of the cylinder bores  26 , as the pistons  31 , move back and forth within the cylinder bores  26 , during the operation of the engine and separate the oil in the engine from the top of the cylinder bores  26 . 
         [0014]    A lower portion of each piston  31  is pivotally connected to a central crankshaft  34 , by a connecting rod  23 , at the crankshaft lobe  24 , in a conventional manner, as is well known in the art. The central crankshaft  34  supplies output driving power for the engine to drive a shaft (not shown). In a conventional manner each one of the four pistons  31  is similarly connected with the crankshaft  34  (partially shown), at a desired spacing along the crankshaft  34 , by an associated connecting rod  23 . 
         [0015]    The crankshaft  34  is coupled to a flywheel  40 , and the crankshaft pulley  36  in a conventional manner. The conventional internal combustion engine  65  is also provided with an internal oil pump (not shown), which provides lubricating oil, located in the bottom portion of the oil pan (not shown). The oil pump supplies oil to the moving components of the internal combustion engine to keep those components sufficiently lubricated during the operation of the engine, as is conventially done in the art. As such teaching is well known in the art, a further detailed discussion concerning the same is not provided. 
         [0016]    Now that the basic components of the internal combustion engine have been briefly described, a detailed description concerning modification of the engine  65  according to the teaching for the present invention, will now be provided. 
         [0017]    To convert a piston driven engine to operate on electricity we must first find the Length of Stroke, LOS, of the engine piston. Remove the head of the engine. Measure the LOS of the engine piston  31 , that is the distance the engine piston  31 , travels in the engine cylinder  26 , from Top Dead Center, TDC, where the top of the engine piston  31 , is near the top of the engine cylinder  26 , and is as far away from the centerline of the engine crankshaft  34  as it can be, until it travels down the engine cylinder  26 , to Bottom Dead Center, BDC, where the top of the engine piston  31 , is as close to the center line of the engine crankshaft  34  as it can be. Then the engine piston  31  is identified as being at BDC. The LOS determines the length of three of the main components of the conversion of the piston engine  31  to operate on electricity. The LOS will be the same for all pistons  31 , in the same engine  65 . The length of the solenoid tube is approximately the LOS multiplied by 2. A Double Length Solenoid Tube, DLST  13  has flanges  33 , fastened approximately at each end and in the middle of the DLST  13 , these flanges  33  are large enough to cover the engine cylinder  26  with at least one flange  33 , having holes drilled in it to align and fasten it over the engine cylinder  26 , to the engine block  65 , head bolt holes. 
         [0018]    The length of any of the DLST  13  is approximately the LOS multiplied by 2, each DLST  13  has 2 separate coils of suitable wire  14 , wound from opposite end flanges  33 , to the middle flange  33  in layers. The top magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83  are farthest away from the top of the engine block  65  as they can be. The bottom magnetic coils  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88  are as close to the top of the engine block  65  as they can be. 
         [0019]    The main source of electricity can be alternating current, AC, or direct current, DC, in this example, a battery  60 , which provides electrical flow through the ignition switch apparatus  61 , through the pedal voltage-amperage controller  62 , through the main electrical source supply wire  63 , through the voltage amplifiers  42 ,  43 ,  44 ,  45 , here the voltage can be increased as it is distributed to the supply wires. The voltage amplifiers, electronic devices, which can also work in conjunction with a computer  64  or micro processor  64  so that the speed of the engine, Revolutions Per Minute, RPM, and the amperage draw (electrical flow), and other factors, can be used to determine the advancement or retardation of the timing position of the adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49 . The adjustable pickups can be positioned through the empty starter motor hole  78 , providing access to the flywheel  40 , since there is no need for the starter motor in this conversion. A vacuum can be taken from the oil-air intake tube  50  to operate a mechanical advance similar to that used on the distributor of some conventional engines.  FIG. 3  depicts a perspective view which portrays the approximate placement of the adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49  through the starter motor hole  78 .  FIG. 4  depicts an exploded view of the main parts of a conversion unit. The threaded nuts  22  and rod  21 , use standard threads. There are many fastening systems that can be used. The threaded system here by no means excludes other systems. The long all thread rods  25  and nuts  22 , are a means, not claimed, I used to insure accuracy of placement while soldering or welding. 
         [0020]      FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6  depict the switching parts of the electrical system.  FIG. 5  depicts a flywheel  40 , with teeth, with flywheel switches  75 N,  74 N,  73 N,  73 F, and  72 F fastened on one side and flywheel switches  52 N,  53 N,  54 F, and  55 F fastened on the side where they are depicted in  FIG. 5 , directly opposite the adjustable Pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49 . When the flywheel turns past the adjustable pickups, the flywheel switches send an appropriate electrical impulse to the adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49  which in turn send an appropriate electrical impulse to the voltage amplifiers  42 ,  43 ,  44 ,  45  which control the voltage and amperage from the main electrical source. 
         [0021]    A bar, which can be temporarily magnetized, is approximately the LOS and fits loosely into the DSLT  13 , the top end of each bar is fitted to accommodate an oil air ring  20  or rings  20 , the other end of the bar, the bottom end is fitted to accommodate a rod which is connected at the other end to the top of the engine piston  31 , the bar, which for identification purposes is named a Power Magnet, PM, or PM  16 , PM  17 , PM  18 , PM  19 . Each PM is connected to an engine piston  31 , by a rod, which cannot be magnetized, and for identification purposes is named a Power Rod, PR  21 , is approximately the LOS of the engine piston  31 , and is as strong as the engine piston connecting rod  23 . 
         [0022]      FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 , and  FIG. 3  depict a lubrication system for the upper half of the DLST  13  and the ring  20  or rings  20  on the PMS&#39;. The system comprises a one way oil-air exhaust valve  8 , an oil-air exhaust tube  51 , which is connected to the crankcase  35 , a one-way oil air intake valve  7 , an oil-air intake tube  50  placed near an oil supply tube  70 , which is connected to conventional engine oil system, an oil-air mist adjusting screw  27  and its&#39; seat  71 , as a means to let drops of oil into the oil-air intake tube  50 , to mix with air to create an oil-air mist which can be pulled into the top part of the DLST  13 . Each PM has an oil-air ring  20  or rings  20 , which seal the top of the PM&#39;s to provide a means to create a compression or vacuum in the top half of the DLST  13 , when the PM&#39;s slide back and forth in the DLST  13 , as a means to pull in an oil-air mist mixture for lubrication to the top of the DLST  13 . 
         [0023]    Cooling the magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 ,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88  in  FIG. 1  small flexible tubes  28 , in coils marked with vertical slash marks, are wound with suitable wire  14 , or in layers with each of the magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 ,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88  these tubes are connected to the radiator system of the engine block  65 . Any engine coolant can be pumped thru the small flexible tubes  28 , to cool the magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 ,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88 , or a refrigerant can be pumped thru the tubing to provide cooling for the magnetic coils. 
         [0024]      FIG. 2  depicts tubes, with holes, in the sides, are placed around the outside of the magnetic coils, the tubes are the same length as the DLST&#39;s  13  and connected to the interior of the engine cylinders  26  by intake one-way intake valves  9 , and one way exhaust valves  10 . When the engine piston  31  moves down the engine cylinder  26 , air is pulled into the cylinder  26 , the one-way intake valve  9  is open, and the one-way exhaust valve  10  is closed. When the engine piston  31  moves up in the cylinder  26 , the one-way intake valve  9 , is closed and the one-way exhaust valve  10  is open, the air in the cylinder  26  is pushed through the exhaust valve  10 , through the holes of the exhaust cooling tubes  30 , onto the magnetic coils, to cool them. 
       DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION 
       [0025]    The main part of this method of converting a piston driven engine is in making the solenoid tube approximately twice the length of the stroke of the engine piston, making a Double length Solenoid Tube, DLST. Each DLST is wound with suitable wire to make two separate magnetic coils, with a main electrical source, in this example, a battery  60  which provides electrical flow through the ignition switch apparatus  61 , through the pedal voltage-amperage controller  62 , through the main electrical source supply wire  63 , through the voltage amplifiers  42 ,  43 ,  44 ,  45 , here the voltage can be conjunction with a computer  64  or micro processor  64  so that the speed of the engine, Revolutions Per Minute, RPM, and the amperage draw (electrical flow), and other factors, can be used to determine the advancement or retardation of the timing position of the adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49 . 
         [0026]      FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2  depict a four cylinder piston driven engine with conversion units over each cylinder, the Double Length Solenoid Tubes, DLST  13 , are shown with separate representative coils of wire wound on each DLST  13 , a Power Magnet, PM  16 , PM  17 , PM  18 , PM  19 , is located inside each DLST  13 , and a Power Rod, PR  21 , connects each PM to an engine piston  31 , there are 2 separate coils wound around each DLST  13 , since they are energized at different times they are numbered separately for identification and function, they are  80  top magnetic coil,  81  top magnetic coil,  82  top magnetic coil,  83  top magnetic coil,  85  bottom magnetic coil,  86  bottom magnetic coil,  87  bottom magnetic coil,  88  bottom magnetic coil. The top magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 , pull their respective PM&#39;s up. The bottom magnetic coils,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88 , when energized, pull their respective PM&#39;s down. Energizing of the coils in this example, but not limited to, occurs when the flywheel with its 2 sets, of 4 each flywheel switches  72 F,  73 F,  74 N,  75 N and  52 N,  53 N,  54 F,  55 F, fastened to it turns past the adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49 , sending an electrical impulses through them to their corresponding voltage amplifiers  42 ,  43 ,  44 ,  45 .  FIG. 5  depicts flywheel  40 , with teeth, with flywheel switches  52 N,  53 N,  54 F, and  55 F, opposite adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48 ,  49 . The Flywheel Switches, FS, with the N identifier, always turn the designated coils on, the flywheel switches with F identifier, always turn their designated coils off. In  FIG. 5  the Flywheel Switch, FS  52  N, sends an on electrical impulse to the adjustable pickup  46 , which in turn sends an electrical impulse to voltage amplifier  42 , an electronic device which can increase the voltage and decrease the amperage to energize coils  87  and  85 , pulling down on PM  16  and  18 , since this pair is in the same mode. One FS  52 N, one adjustable pickup  46 , and one voltage amplifier  42 , can operate two coils. In  FIG. 5 , the FS  53 N sends an electrical impulse to the adjustable pickup  47 , which in turn sends an on electrical impulse to the voltage amplifier  43 , an electronic device, which can increase the source voltage to a higher electrical voltage, and lower the amperage, through the supply wire  77 , through the fuse  41 , to coil  83 , and coil  81 , pulling the PM  17  and PM  19  up. At the same time FS  55 F and FS  54 F have turned off the electrical supply to adjustable pickup  48  and  49 , turning off the electricity to voltage amplifier  44 , turning off coils  80  and  82 , turning off coils  86  and  88 , and all four pistons are turning the crankshaft the first 180 degrees. In  FIG. 6 , after the flywheel  40 , makes a half turn, the flywheel switches  72 F,  73 F,  74 N and  75 N are opposite the adjustable pickups  46 ,  47 ,  48  and  49 . The flywheel switch  72 F turns off the electrical impulse to adjustable pickup  46 , turning off the voltage amplifier  42 , turning off coils  85  and  87 , then flywheel switch  73 F, turns off adjustable amplifier  47 , turning off coils  81  and  83 , the FS  74 N turns on the electrical impulse to adjustable pickup  48 , turning on the voltage to voltage amplifier  44 , an electronic device, which can increase the voltage and decrease the amperage, and sends the increased voltage to its&#39; supply wire  77 , through the fuse  41 , and energizes coil  82  and coil  80 , pulling the pair of PM&#39;s  16  and  18  up. Since the coils  82  and  86  are a pair, the one FS  74  can turn on both coils. The FS  75 N sends an electrical impulse to adjustable pickup  49 , turning on voltage amplifier  45 , an electrical device, which can increase the voltage and decrease the amperage from the voltage source  60 , sending the increased voltage to a voltage supply wire  77 , through the fuse  41  and energizing coils  88  and  86  pulling the pair of PM&#39;s  17  and  19  down. Since the coils  88  and  86  are a pair in the same mode, the one FS  75 N can energize both coils. All four-engine pistons  31  are turning the crankshaft  34 , from 180 degrees to 360 degrees, completing the cycle. 
         [0027]      FIG. 1 .  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 , and  FIG. 4  depict an oil-air tube flange  12 , which is connected to the top of the DLST  13 . The oil-air tube flange  12 , is the base for an oil-air exhaust tube  51 , and an oil-air intake tube  50 .  FIG. 1 , and  FIG. 2 , depicts a one-way oil-air intake valve  7 , and a one-way oil-air exhaust valve  8 . When the PM&#39;s move down the DLST  13  they pull clean air by virtue of the encasement of the air shroud  67 , the air filters  68 , and the blowing of the flywheel  66 , through the oil-air intake tube  50 , past the regulated valve seat  71 , in the oil supply tube  70 , the seat is regulated by the oil-air adjusting screw  27 . The slight vacuum at this seat causes oil droplets to enter the oil-air intake tube  50 , making an oil-air mist, which passes through the one-way oil-air intake valve  7  into the DLST  13 , coating the top part of the DLST  13 , and the ring  20  or rings  20  with oil and cooling air. When the PM&#39;s reach BDC and start back up, the one-way oil-air intake valves  7 , close and the one-way oil-air exhaust valves  8  open, the sealed PM&#39;s push the remaining oil-air mist out the oil-air exhaust tubes  51 , and back into the crankcase  35 . Lubricating the ring  20  or rings  20  and the top of the interior of the DLST  13 . 
         [0028]    Cooling the magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 ,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88  in  FIG. 1  small flexible tubes  28 , in coils marked with vertical slash marks, are wound with suitable wire  14 , or in layers with each of the magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 ,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88  these tubes are connected to the radiator system of the engine block  65 . Any engine coolant can be pumped thru the small flexible tubes  28 , to cool the magnetic coils  80 ,  81 ,  82 ,  83 ,  85 ,  86 ,  87 ,  88 , or a refrigerant can be pumped thru the tubing to provide cooling for the magnetic coils. 
         [0029]      FIG. 2  depicts tubes, with holes, in the sides, are placed around the outside of the magnetic coils, the tubes are the same length as the DLST&#39;s  13  and connected to the interior of the engine cylinders  26  by intake one-way intake valves  9 , and one way exhaust valves  10 . When the engine piston  31  moves down the engine cylinder  26 , air is pulled into the cylinder  26 , the one-way intake valve  9  is open, and the one-way exhaust valve  10  is closed. When the engine piston  31  moves up in the cylinder  26 , the one-way intake valve  9 , is closed and the one-way exhaust valve  10  is open, the air in the cylinder  26  is pushed through the exhaust valve  10 , through the holes of the exhaust cooling tubes  30 , onto the magnetic coils, to cool them. Providing a means to cool the coils on an air-cooled engine.

Technology Category: 5