Patent Document

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Not applicable. 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not applicable 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention relates to disposable absorbent devices for use with ostomy appliances. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A discussion of ostomies, ostomy appliances and their problems are critical to understanding what is required and desirable in an absorbent article for incontinent ostomates and their ostomy appliances, that as a result of many uncontrollable factors are limited in their ability to retain natural discharges such as urine or excretement, due to leakage of primary means. 
     Disposable absorbent devices such as adult incontinence pads, sanitary pads, or pantiliners are provided for the population whose bodily wastes are eliminated thru natural pathways rather than artificial means such as ileostomies, colostomies, or urostomies. An ostomy provides fecal or urinary diversion in emergent and elective settings and is a surgically created opening in which a portion of the intestine is brought through the abdominal wall to form a stoma that may be permanent or temporary depending on the reason for surgery, i.e., disease, injury, birth defects, or cancer. 
     Pouching systems (also called appliances) are used to collect bodily waste through the surgically created openings on the abdomen. Optimal stoma placement on the abdomen takes into consideration a position within the abdominus rectus muscle (the six pack muscle), usually to the right or left of the belly button, below a beltline, avoiding skin folds, scars, and bony prominences among other considerations. Incorrect stoma placement, or emergent procedures without benefit of proper planning, may create difficulties in attaching or maintaining adhesion of a pouching system (appliance), causing leakage of waste, peristomal skin inflammation, and many other hardships including stress and increased costs. 
     Although appliance styles vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, there are two main types of pouching systems commercially available: one piece systems consisting of a pouch with a built-in skin barrier (also called a faceplate), and two-piece appliances composed of a faceplate and detachable pouch. A flange is provided on the two-piece system in the form of a pair of annular or ring-like rigid plastic parts designed to aid in either securing the pouch to the faceplate or removing the pouch at the user&#39;s discretion. 
     A one-piece system connects the faceplate to the pouch by welding or heat sealing. Faceplates have an adhesive layer formed of a soft, skin-friendly hydrocolloid containing adhesive material and provide therein a centrally located aperture to receive a stoma. Systems may further provide a peel and stick tape on the outer edges of a faceplate for additional adhesion. Sticky skin wipes also help with adhesion of the appliance faceplate and said faceplates are attached to the peristomal region of the user to protect the skin from irritating digestive juices. A pouch may or may not be equipped with a drainable end. 
     Ostomates are faced with many problems associated with stomas and stoma waste collection pouches. One critical problem faced by ostomates is loss of adhesion of the faceplate from the skin, threatening a resulting loss of containment of waste. A faceplate cannot be checked for properly secured adhesion once it is applied to the skin. An itchy, irritated feeling may be the only warning, if any, that a problem has developed behind a faceplate. 
     Loss of adhesion is common and unpredictable, even when directions for use are strictly followed. Subsequent leakage of waste can and does occur, often without warning, soiling clothes, causing unpleasant odors, and embarrassment to the wearer. The wearer must immediately cease all activity and promptly address the situation, as flow of output is continuous and involuntary. 
     Uncontrollable factors such as perspiration, changes in weight, skin oils, watery discharge from food, and other influences such as sports, work, or even bending over to tie shoes may contribute to a loss of adhesion of a faceplate. Although considerations for stoma placement may be optimum, some part of an appliance faceplate may lie directly underneath the waistband of a wearer&#39;s clothing contributing to loss of adhesion. Fear of public humiliation due to such failures with the pouching adhesion causes many ostomates to avoid returning to normal lifestyle activities, including work and usual attire. 
     Another concern is the function of the peristalsis action of the digestive tract, as characteristically strong, wave like motions carry food through the intestines and out of the body. Especially in the presence of short, flush, or retracted stomas, this movement may contribute to acidic waste depositing behind a faceplate, affecting efficient emptying of output into a pouch, causing loss of adhesion. 
     An ongoing problem associated with ostomies are peristomal hernias that create an uneven platform for a faceplate to attach, creating yet another cause for faceplate failure. 
     Another problem is that form-fitted clothing pressed against the thin layers of a pouching system can restrict flow, and force output to regress behind a faceplate. 
     Another fear that ostomates or any incontinent person might dread, is the necessity of wearing a diaper to avoid the disdainful consequences of a leak in public or on bed linens while sleeping. 
     There remains a need to provide an absorbent article for the purpose of capturing escaping effluent in the event of a leaking ostomy appliance that for stated reasons, are limited in their ability to contain natural discharges or to provide complete, leak-free security at all times. The absorbent article must be able to absorb and contain viscous and liquid fluids. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an ostomy appliance (pouching) system. 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of an ostomy appliance system of  FIG. 1  and a guard system allowing current ostomy appliances to function as intended. 
         FIG. 2A  is a cross sectional view of a guard system of  FIG. 2  on an ostomy appliance. 
         FIG. 3  is a front perspective view of an adapter of a guard system of  FIG. 2  on the faceplate of an ostomy appliance. 
         FIG. 4  is an environmental view of an ostomy appliance and guard system of  FIG. 2  showing its intended position on the torso of a human. 
         FIG. 5  is a front perspective view of the first embodiment of an absorbent article. 
         FIG. 6  is a rear view of an absorbent article of  FIG. 5  showing the outer core&#39;s placement on an ostomy appliance faceplate. 
         FIG. 6A  is a cross sectional view of the absorbent article of  FIG. 5  showing the guard system&#39;s placement on an absorbent article and it&#39;s relative position on a faceplate. 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of a second embodiment of an absorbent article. 
         FIG. 8  is a third embodiment of an absorbent article. 
     
    
    
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A disposable absorbent article for use with ostomy appliances and complementary to a guard system such as has been illustrated, that provides an additional level of security and comfort to an ostomate already utilizing a two-piece or one-piece ostomy appliance of the type which is secured to the body with a faceplate comprising an adhesive securement means such as a hydrocolloid adhesive member or a combination of hydrocolloid adhesive member and an integral or non-integral adhesive non-woven fabric or adhesive tape. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The illustration of  FIG. 1  is given to allow for visual understanding of an ostomy appliance system and is not part of the invention of the present application. 
       FIG. 1  is a typical example of a current, commercially available two-piece ostomy pouching system consisting of a pouch  40 , a pouch flange  42 , belt tabs  44 A and  44 B ( 44 B not shown) on either side of the pouch flange; a tab on the upper flange facilitates easy removal, and a fold and lock drain  48  for removal of waste. The two-piece appliance also consists of a faceplate  30 , with coupling flange  34 B and centrally located aperture  36  to receive a stoma  31 . An outer taped portion  32  aids adhesion of an appliance faceplate on the abdomen. 
     One embodiment of the guard system  10 / 50  is shown in  FIGS. 2-4 , and a condensed description is given below, and an in depth description given in an international application PCT/US2012/046221. The first embodiment of an absorbent article is specifically for use with the guard system  10 / 50 , and necessary details are given here to inform how, where, and why it is used with an ostomy appliance, the guard system&#39;s approximate size and physical structure in relation to the faceplate of an appliance, and is not part of the invention of the present application. 
     The exemplary guard system of  FIG. 2  provides a secure boundary against loss of containment of bodily waste, helps a stoma to protrude, allows flow of output, aids adhesion of an appliance faceplate, and allows one to wear form-fitted clothing among other beneficial functions. 
     The ostomy appliance guard system illustrated in  FIG. 2  is comprised of a guard  10  and an adapter  50 . The adapter  50  is provided in various sizes in the centrally located aperture  56  to accommodate the various flange sizes of ostomy appliances currently available, and allows the guard  10  to remain a universal size. Appliance flanges are provided in common sizes between appliance manufacturers, but are not necessarily interchangeable. The adapter  50 , shown already in place, illustrates that flange  42  of pouch  40  is snapped into place with complementary flange  34 B of a faceplate  30 . 
     The adapter  50  applied first, having the pouch end  48  guided through the rear of centrally located aperture  56 , is lifted up and over the upper portion of a pouch  41 , and aperture  56  is then circumferentially surrounding the now coupled appliance flanges  42  and  34 B. Adapter  50 , pressing inwardly on flange base  34 , helps a stoma to protrude while preventing the flanges  42 / 34 B from protruding into the body of the guard  10 . Pouch tabs  44 A,  44 B and  46  may be removed for more efficient use of the guard system  10 / 50 . 
     The guard  10  is applied in the same manner as adapter  50 , and pouch end  48  is guided through rear central aperture  16 B of guard  10 , then out through front aperture  16 A, the arrow indicates that guard  10  is then lifted upwards until body  14  of guard  10  encompasses the now engaged flanges including the upper pouch portion  41  (tucked inside guard body in use to prevent intestinal gasses from ballooning above a waistline of pants), and annular ring  12  of guard  10  and adapter  50  snap-fit together, into the adapter&#39;s guard receiving channel  59 , in a mechanical interlock via adapter retaining ribs  55  enabling the guard system  10 / 50  to maintain it&#39;s position proximate a stoma  31 . 
     The body  14  of the guard  10  allows unhindered flow of output. In case liquid output behind the faceplate  30  causes the hydrocolloid adhesive member  38  to loosen from the skin, the hydrocolloid adhesive member  38  may push into a cavity formed by sloping section  57  and support wall  58  and sealed by guard receiving channel  59  that provides a temporary reservoir for effluent, allowing the user time to change the appliance before escape of output occurs. A guard system  10 / 50  contacts a faceplate  30  more or less than about ¼ in (0.06 cm) inside the outer periphery of said faceplate. Adapter protrusions  52 , on the body-facing side of an adapter  50 , create discontinuous contact on a faceplate  30  facilitating blood flow in the non-contact areas and beneficially reducing an itchiness associated with continuous pressure on the skin. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the adapter  50  is shown unaccompanied by the exemplary guard  10  of  FIG. 2 , and is shown with only an adapter  50 , pointing out the close proximity of a guard system&#39;s outer circumference proximate the edge of outer taped portion  32  of a faceplate  30 . A guard system aids adhesion of a faceplate preventing a sudden loss of containment, however, liquicious output is insidious and more difficult to contain than solid matter and small amounts of liquid may seep out from under the outer taped portion  32  of a faceplate  30 , soiling a wearer&#39;s clothing or bed linens. Leakage always comes from under a faceplate unless there is a defect in the appliance itself, for instance, a hole in a heat seal of a one-piece appliance, or the plastic connection of a floating flange (which allows one to snap on a pouch without pressure on the abdomen), or leakage may come from accidental uncoupling or incomplete coupling of a pouch  40 . 
     The first embodiment will illustrate an absorbent article having a greater thickness in the absorbent core that extends beyond the periphery of a user&#39;s preferred faceplate for the purpose of absorbing and blocking any liquid seepage emerging from under outer tape portion  32  of a faceplate  30  preventing embarrassing loss of containment. A continuous density throughout the absorbent core, and especially underneath the guard system  10 / 50 , would detract from a significant and intended function of said guard system, because by design, the adapter  50  has a sloping section  57  that provides a temporary reservoir for effluent in the case liquid output behind a faceplate causes the hydrocolloid member  38  to loosen from the skin. An absorbent article with optimal fluid absorbency and excellent barrier properties against wetness next to the skin would bring peace of mind to a user as well as a preventative against soiling the user&#39;s clothing or bed linens.  FIG. 4  shows the arrangement of a guard system, appliance, and faceplate on a torso (parts of the appliance and guard systems shown in phantom), illustrating a similar embodiment of the guard  10  that includes slits  22  and a security strap  24 . A user may attach a faceplate  30  to the abdomen as shown in  FIG. 4  with corners applied diagonally, as in a diamond shape, or may adjust it a quarter of a turn so that the faceplate  30  is in the shape of a square on the abdomen, and is done so, according to the unique situation of a user, applied in one way or the other in an attempt to derive greater security in areas prone to leak or that may even be herniated. Leaks usually emerge between corners of square, or generally square faceplates. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates the individual components of the absorbent article  110  and consists of two sides or two surfaces, a body facing side or body facing surface  111 A, and a garment facing side or garment facing surface  111 B (not shown), a fluid permeable top sheet  112 , a fluid impermeable backsheet  114 , and cores  120  and  121  interposed between. Absorbent core  121  may be a distribution or transfer sheet, its purpose well known in the art, and may be interposed between the topsheet  112  and outer core  120  or alternately, may be a web backing layer interposed between outer core  120  and backsheet  114 , but all in accordance with the best mode of manufacture to accomplish the desired functions. Alternately, cores  120  and  121  may be one sheet with varied degree of thickness. 
     The absorbent article  110  also provides a centrally located aperture  118  through each member component of said absorbent article, for the purpose of maintaining a position upon a faceplate  30  of an ostomy appliance. Not having a flat configuration, outer core  120 , has a greater radially extended absorbent core aperture  120 A, in comparison to the other member components. The fluid permeable top sheet  112  and fluid impermeable backsheet  114  extend beyond the cores  120 ,  121  in at least a lateral direction and are joined to one another in the area outside said cores  120 ,  121  to form an edge seam  116  (and) and an outer border  128 , and may be joined by gluing, crimping or heat-sealing completely around the periphery of the absorbent article, including sealing the edges of central aperture  118 , secured by any means known in the art. 
     The outer border  128 , having a front, or body facing border  128 A, and a back, or garment facing border  128 B, (not shown) may be supplied in any shape or form that provides the best protection against leakage if outer border  128  is utilized for taping the absorbent article  110  to the body. 
     The conjoined absorbent article  110  is applied in the same fashion as the guard system  10 / 50  by guiding the pouch end  48  of an ostomy pouch  40  through central aperture  118  of body facing surface  111 A of the topsheet  112 , and out garment facing surface  111 B, and lifting the article up and over the upper portion of a pouch  41 ; central aperture  118  is then circumferentially surrounding the coupled appliance flanges  42 / 34 B. The body facing surface  111 A is intended to be worn adjacent the faceplate  30  of the wearer&#39;s preferred appliance. In the case of a one-piece appliance, central aperture  118  is placed generally adjacent the connection of the pouch to the faceplate (usually the heat weld) and body facing surface  111 A lying on the faceplate  30 . 
       FIG. 5  also shows the absorbent article  110  has two centerlines, a transverse (or lateral) centerline A-A and a longitudinal centerline Y-Y. The term “transverse” as used herein, refers to a line, axis, or direction in the plane of the absorbent article  110  that is generally aligned with (e.g., approximately parallel to) the abdomen of a wearer. The terms “longitudinal” used herein, refers to a line, axis or direction within the plane of the absorbent article  110  that is generally perpendicular to the transverse direction. In use, the absorbent article  110  is interposed between a faceplate and a pouch  40  and guard system  10 / 50  and is worn in a transverse direction along line A-A, i.e., generally parallel a user&#39;s abdomen. 
     The fluid permeable topsheet  112  may be made of a wide range of materials that are soft, non-irritating, woven or non-woven; an aperture formed layer which is permeable but having non-absorbent qualities to avoid moistness next to the skin, and may be used singularly or in conjunction with other woven or non-woven topsheet materials to further reduce the tendency for liquids to pass back through and rewet the wearer&#39;s skin. The topsheet  112  may be formed of any material known in the art to aid conveyance of liquid quickly to an absorbent core  120 , with the capability to absorb a sudden increase of fluids. 
     Topsheet  112  of the absorbent article  110  may or may not comprise an adhesive means in the central portion  112 A of the body facing surface  111 A, for the purpose of attaching the absorbent article  110  to the faceplate  30  of a user&#39;s appliance. Strings of adhesive or a pattern of adhesive spots may adhere to various faceplate surfaces of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride laminates, etc., or may attach by any other means, for example, hook and loop fastening means may attach to a woven or non-woven surfaces of appliance faceplates  30  or alternately, to the body facing side of a pouch  40 . 
     The outer core  120  may consist of cellulosic fluff and super-absorbent polymers and other necessary components conveying a means to absorb bodily fluids and disposed over the backsheet  114  or absorbent core  121  as the case may be. The absorbent core  121  may be a non-woven backing layer and may be extended radially outwardly to the edge seam  116 , from central aperture  118  as shown, or may extend only to the core aperture  120 A of outer core  120 , depending on manufacturing considerations and composition. Other absorbent core members may be added, whether layered above or below the outer core  120 , hydrophobic or hydrophilic in nature, and may easily be selected by those skilled in the art and utilized in the best manner to carry out the manufacture of the absorbent article to provide the intended functions, including any suitable materials or processes in its construction, for instance, the absorbent article  110  may include anti-leak compression lines or transverse wicking that extend into the thickness of the article in this or other embodiments that may be worn without a guard system  10 / 50 , provided that the absorbent article  110  has the overall characteristics described herein. 
     All layers may be thermally, mechanically or chemically bonded by any suitable method of bonding non-woven fabric that may be known in the art, such as, hot or belt calendering involving area, point or embossed bonding or ultrasonic means; thru-air or other known methods, choosing any variable components or bi-components of binding fibers, powders or webs in the construction and bonding processes, and as may be deemed necessary by those skilled in the art. 
       FIG. 6  is a backside, or garment facing surface  111 B allowing one to clearly see the position of the outer core  120  of an absorbent article  110  on a faceplate  30  of a pouching system. The conjoined absorbent article&#39;s central aperture  118  encompasses the faceplate flange  34 B and the drawing includes a garment facing border  128 A. It can readily be seen that a thickness in the outer core  120  is needed for the purpose of providing protection where leaks are prone to emerge, at a location anywhere along the outer taped portion  32  of a faceplate  30 , said faceplate outline shown in phantom. The guard system  10 / 50  has a point of contact  124  on the absorbent article  110  and said contact point  124  lies adjacent the core aperture  120 A as can also be seen in  FIG. 6A . Pressure applied by a guard system  10 / 50  through the absorbent article  110  at the point of contact  124  to the faceplate  30 , is more or less than about ¼ in (0.06 cm) inside the outer taped portion  32 , said measurement not including the corners of this exemplary faceplate. 
     The fluid impermeable backsheet  114  may be made of a hydrophobic, breathable layer such as a breathable polymer or polyethylene film (embossed or not) and may include a non-woven web backing layer  121  that allows exchange of vapor or may be comprised of thermal bonding fibers used in the production of cloth-like backsheets to prevent soiling a user&#39;s clothing or linens. 
     The conjoined absorbent article  110  may include in the central portion  112 A of topsheet  112  a relatively hydrophobic, synthetic elastomer, free of natural rubber allergens, including the central portion of the body facing surface  111 A, where continuity or unity of parts surrounding central aperture  118  may be formed with sufficient elasticity to apply the article for use upon a pouching system. The backsheet  114  may, alternately, comprise a stiffening element consisting of a plastic sheet, fibrillated film used as a facing for a hydrophobic non-woven material, or a paper material with a hydrophobic surface, etc., to provide at least one ventilation area which allows the passage of vapor to provide cooling and drying effects, or to provide a stiffness in the area under a guard system  10 / 50  conveying durability and ease of handling while applying the article to a pouching system. 
     The absorbent article&#39;s central aperture  118  may otherwise be provided in varied sizes to accommodate various flange sizes of appliances, and preferably in skin tone colors so as not to be noticed under clothing. Any or all embodiments may have the centrally located aperture  118  alternately off centered with aperture  118  more toward the top of the article in order to avoid a waistband. 
     In the case an absorbent article  110  has an outer border  128 , adhesive may be applied to the outer border  128  on the body-facing surface  111 A of topsheet  112 , rather than the backsheet  114 , as may usually be the case on pantiliners and the like, that are normally attached to one&#39;s undergarments instead of the skin. The adhesive may be applied by attaching a one-sided tape to the garment facing border  128 B of the backsheet  114  in a continuous or discontinuous configuration, and the remaining portion of the tape extending past the distal edge of outer border  128  to attach to the skin of the wearer, including a release liner (not shown) of matching configuration or conversely, may be directly applied to the outer border  128  on the body facing border  128 A having a release liner positioned adjacent the adhesive in a continuous or discontinuous configuration. 
     The adhesive on the outer border  128  attaching the article directly to a user&#39;s skin may be with soft skin adhesives such as are made by Dow Corning®, product numbers 7-9700 A &amp; B, or MG7-9800 A&amp;B used in wound dressings, where gentle adhesion to the skin is critical, with low peel release force that does not cause damage or pain to fragile skin or may have adhesion properties of over the counter bandages for those who have progressed to more advanced healing. Such adhesive may be provided on one or more flaps or on the entire distal circumference of the absorbent article  110 , together with removable release liners. The adhesive release liners may be formed of any material known in the art for such purposes and may be provided in one continuous piece, but preferably in sections such as a top and bottom portion to enable a gradual application process that prevents unintended attachment to other surfaces or areas of skin. Adhesive attachment to the skin may present a more discreet profile under clothing, and also provide added security against leakage of waste. Alternately, the conjoined absorbent article may not be provided with adhesive on the outer border  128  and may be anchored by the guard system  10 / 50 , by position of the core aperture  120 A lying closely adjacent the guard system  10 / 50  as illustrated in  FIG. 6A . The absorbent article may be individually wrapped, sealed or packaged with any suitable thermoplastic sheeting or non-woven material and carried out by any current methods known in the art. 
     The circular embodiment of an absorbent article as illustrated, may be appropriate for faceplate shapes that are not circular, or a square shaped absorbent article may be appropriate for a circular shaped faceplate, etc. and the illustrated embodiment is not meant in any way to limit the scope of the invention, nor is it limited to the particular types or configurations of absorbent articles shown in the drawings. Absorbent articles may be provided in various colors, sizes of small, medium or large, daytime or nighttime wear, and these variations may also be applied in alternative embodiments when used without a guard system. 
     Common and generally square faceplate sizes measured from their peripheral edges may range in diameter approximately more or less than about 1⅞ inch (47 mm) square (infant size), up to more or less than about 4.0 inches (100 mm) square, more or less than about 5.0 inches (127 mm) square, and up to more or less than about 6.0 (152 mm) square, or possibly larger in less common or specially ordered sizes. Circular faceplate diameters or triangular configurations in similar size ranges, as mentioned above, are also available in common sizes. 
     The absorbent article&#39;s central aperture  118  may be provided in various sizes. Common flange diameters of appliance faceplates generally range more or less than about 1⅞ inches (47 mm), more or less than about 1¾ inches (44 mm), more or less than about 2¼ inches (57 mm), more or less than about 2¾(70 mm), and more or less than 4.0 inches (100 mm). 
     The absorbent article  110  may have an overall diameter of less than or equal to about 10 inches (254 mm), preferably less than or equal to about 8½ (220 mm), more preferably less than or equal to about 6½ inches (165 mm), and of more than or equal to about 5½ inches (140 mm), and of more than or equal to about 3½ inches (90 mm). The absorbent article (without flaps or circular appendages, if any), may be preferably more than or equal to about 4.0 inches (100 mm), more preferably, more than or equal to 5½ inches (140 mm). 
     The absorbent article may be formed of any suitable material known in the art to provide a single use, latex free, protective pad that may be rustle-free, absorbent, strong, yet light-weight with optimal fluid (urine) absorbency and an ability to absorb viscous fluid such as watery feces or urine. The absorbent article may include layers of fibrous webs or batts constructed of defiberized, loose, hydrophilic, cellulosic fibers including wood pulp, or layers of tissue (such as wadding) and fibrated comminution pulp (airfelt) or other fiber-variant polymers. 
     Other possible components may include fluff pulp, superabsorbent polymers (SAP&#39;s) that lock away wetness into an odor free gel, hydrophilic surfactants, granules, flakes, odor neutralizers and bacterial growth neutralizers, antimicrobial agents or other additives to impart flame retardancy, softness or color, impervious plastic films having vapor permeability, impervious backing films, liquid pervious acquisition sheets, pad release liners, carded non-wovens, pressure sensitive adhesives and elastics or any components that may be suitable to be worn on the abdomen of a user. 
     The article may be formed by any suitable processes that may provide thermobonded webs (carded or wetlaid webs or spunbonds and can be thermal bonded with synthetic bonding fibers (generally with bi-components of polyethylene and polypropylene or polyolefin copolymers), or through air bonding; drylaid or airlaid, hydroentangled, spunlaced, or spunmelt, or of either process: spunlaid or meltblown; or including other processes, such as modifying or varying any combination of controllable manufacturing parameters such as spinneret properties or altering spin finish, etc., or embossing, calendering, or any other processes that may be known in the art, including any and all other elements or processes added that do not affect the end result provided that the absorbent article  110  has the overall characteristics described herein. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a second embodiment of the absorbent article when worn without a guard system  10 / 50 , consisting of a fluid permeable top sheet  112 , a fluid impermeable backsheet  114 , an outer border  128 , and layers of a thick outer core  120 , a thick inner core  120 B and absorbent core  121  interposed between; central aperture  118  maintains said articles position on a faceplate  30 . The thick outer core  120 , has a thickness equivalent to a thick inner core  120 B which lies adjacent to central aperture  118 , and inner core  120 B is positioned on the same plane as outer core  120 , and outer core  120  and inner core  120 B have a thickness greater than absorbent core  121 , in this embodiment; absorbent core  121  is positioned under outer core  120  and inner core  120 B, and absorbent core  121  is positioned on top of backsheet  114 . Alternately, cores  120 ,  120 B and  121  may be one layer with varied degrees of thickness. Leaking effluent from under a faceplate  30  is blocked from escaping the outer boundary of the absorbent article  110  by means of the outer core  120  positioned outside the peripheral edges of a faceplate  30 , including an outer border  128  that may or may not be adhesively attached to the skin of the wearer. Effluent not immediately absorbed by the outer core  120  may be diverted inwardly toward the thick inner core  120 B by means of transverse wicking in continuous or discontinuous lines or compression channels  119  formed by hot calender embossing or ultrasonic means, heat compression, etc. and escaping effluent is temporarily contained in a pocket  117  between the thick cores  120  and  120 B on an undulated surface  126  of the absorbent core  121 , constructed of components such as fluff pulp, SAP&#39;s etc., absorbent components may be included in all absorbent core layers as needed, to aid containment of effluent, at least temporarily, allowing one time to effect a change of incontinent apparatuses before leakage soils clothing or linens. 
     In a third embodiment shown in  FIG. 8 , worn under form-fitted clothing and without a guard system  10 / 50 , consisting of a fluid permeable top sheet  112 , a fluid impermeable backsheet  114  (not shown), an outer border  128 , and a thick outer core  120 , which has a consistent thickness throughout, including a method of absorbing, drawing or wicking a sudden assault of escaping effluent inwardly toward the central aperture  118 , over top of a faceplate by means of a plurality of compression channels  119  formed by hot calender embossing, ultrasonic means, or heat compression, etc. through all layers of the absorbent article  110 , including one or more outer and inner circular compressions  119 A directly above the outer periphery of a faceplate  30  and close to central aperture  118  to prevent effluent from escaping outside of the absorbent article  110 . It has been contemplated that compression lines create a pie-shaped configuration to draw effluent inwardly as shown in  FIG. 7A . Furthermore, it may be possible to designate top and bottom portions of an absorbent article by creating a significantly different shape in the outer border  128  on one or more sides for the purpose of providing compression lines  119  that allow output to adhere to laws of gravity wherein said compression lines are angled in a downward fashion along the sides. It has also been contemplated that central aperture  118  has an elastic means  118 A to help retain the captured output. 
     One further contemplation is the addition of a type of skin prep using some, none or all ingredients of Isopropyl Alcohol, Butyl Ester of PVM/MA Copolymer, Acetyl Tributyl Citrate which are the ingredients in Skin Prep o  made under the trademark Smith &amp; Nephew of St. Petersburg, Fla., and supplied in a form that might be sprayed on the body-facing surface  111 A of topsheet  112 , during manufacture to provide protection for exposed skin beneath an absorbent article  110  in an area immediately adjacent a faceplate periphery. In its intended use, Skin Prep o  forms a film coating on the skin and after it is applied, the user waits until it is dry before applying a skin friendly hydrocolloid containing, adhesive faceplate of an ostomy appliance creating a barrier that protects the skin under a faceplate from irritating digestive juices. Skin Prep o  also prevents skin stripping upon removal of a faceplate. It has been found that once Skin Prep o  is applied to the skin and has dried, the absorbent article does not stick to the skin as in the case when used with a faceplate with adhesive. Therefore, it has been contemplated possible to apply a type of skin prep to a non-woven material to provide skin protection for a user. 
     While the invention has been particularly shown and described with respect to preferred embodiments, it will be readily understood that minor changes in the details of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Technology Category: 1