Patent Document

PRIORITY CLAIM 
   This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/162,708 entitled “Processing Business Transactions Using Dynamic Database Packageset Switching,” filed Oct. 29, 1999. 

   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention generally relates to computer software programs and databases to be used in Financial Service Organizations. More particularly, the present invention relates to the dynamic selection of a database identifier, associated with a database, based on application program requirements in a Financial Service Organization (FSO) business transaction processing system. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   FSOs such as banks, credit unions, etc., use computer systems running software programs to process customer account transactions. The computer systems may include databases for storing data such as the master files of customer account information, transactional data such as customer credit card purchase transactions, processing data such as the processing parameters used in processing transactions, and history data such as log files of daily activities for later batch processing. 
   Databases may be used in FSO business transaction processing systems to store, manage and retrieve data for a variety of applications. In many instances, the databases may be extremely large. The contents of the database may often occupy memory space measured in hundred&#39;s of gigabytes. When application programs need to access enormous amounts of data on a transactional basis, whether in batch mode or real-time mode, the FSO business transaction processing systems often utilize commercially available database products. One embodiment of a commercially available database product is the DB2 database from International Business Machines (IBM). 
   Some nomenclature is introduced here to aid in the understanding of terminology used. A database packageset contains information needed by the FSO database software to locate and access data in the most efficient way for a particular application program in the FSO business transaction processing system. Database packageset switching occurs when the database packageset values associated with one application program are changed to the database packageset values associated with another application program in the same business transaction processing system. Dynamic database packageset switching occurs when the database packageset values associated with one application program are changed in real-time to the database packageset values associated with another application program in the same business transaction processing system. FSO database environmental variables and database registry values may contain information to control a specific database environment within the FSO business transaction processing system. The user may change environmental variables and registry values to change the FSO database environment. 
   An example of an FSO that may use such a business transaction processing system is a credit card institution. A credit card institution may issue credit cards to customers of the FSO. The credit card institution may also issue credit cards on behalf of client businesses such as department stores. The credit card institution may also acquire and process credit card transactions from customers and client businesses such as department stores. For example, a credit card institution may issue its own credit card. The credit card institution may also have a client department store. The credit card institution may issue a credit card under the department store&#39;s name, and may collect and process all credit card transactions for the department store, charging a fee for each transaction processed. Some of the credit card transactions collected by the credit card institution may be for credit cards not issued by the credit card institution. These transactions may be forwarded to the FSO that issued the card. In turn, other FSOs may forward credit card transactions to the credit card institution. Transactions for credit cards issued by the credit card institution may be processed by the credit card institution. 
   The FSO business transaction processing system may include a data dictionary. A data dictionary may be defined as a collection of descriptions of the data items or elements in the database. For example, the FSO business transaction processing system data dictionary may describe the data elements involved in credit card processing. The data dictionary may describe each of the data elements in the database for credit card processing. Groups of data such as master files and transactions may be comprised of data elements defined in the data dictionary. Examples of data elements in the FSO data dictionary are customer name, credit card type, and card issuer. 
   The FSO business transaction processing system may include processing parameters used in processing transactions. Processing parameters may be used to apply business logic to the data elements in the transaction during processing. An example of a transaction in the FSO system is a credit card transaction. An example of a processing parameter is a transaction price that may be charged to a client of a credit card institution for processing a credit card transaction. Another example of a processing parameter may be a database identifier, which may point to the location of the data in an FSO database. 
   The FSO transaction processing application software program may use one or more processing parameters while processing a transaction. A processing parameter may have different values for different transactions. The application software program may examine the values of one or more data elements in the transaction data or database master files to determine the value of a processing parameter for the transaction. 
   A combination of data elements used to determine the value of a processing parameter may be referred to as a key definition for the processing parameter. The combination of data element values constructed from the key definition may be referred to as a key value. For example, a software program for processing credit card transactions for a credit card institution may use the credit card issuer and card type to determine the database identifier. 
   Key definitions and key value construction are hardcoded in the source code for the FSO system software programs. Modifying the key definitions and the construction of key values from the key definitions involves modifying the source code for all software programs that use the key definitions, recompiling and relinking the programs, reinstalling the software programs, and possibly modifying the data dictionary and database structure used by the software programs. If more than one FSO use the software programs, customization of key definitions and key value construction for one of the FSOs requires creating and maintaining a customized copy of the source code for the programs. 
   In some FSO systems, processing parameters, such as the database identifier, and the key values used to identify them may be hardcoded in the source code for the FSO system software programs. Modifying the processing parameters and key values for these systems may involve modifying the source code for all software programs that use the processing parameter, recompiling and relinking the programs, and reinstalling the software programs. In other FSO systems, the processing parameters and key values may be stored in the FSO system database. In these systems, the processing parameters and key values in the database and the key definitions and key value construction in the source code must be synchronized. Thus, the processing parameters and key values in the database may be considered hardcoded as well, as they cannot be modified without also modifying the source code and rebuilding the programs as described above. 
   During the initial design and development phase of a large scale database application, such as the DB2, it may be necessary or desirable to have different database environments for Development, Quality, Testing, Production, etc. In addition, the Development environment may also be different, based on the operating system of the computer. It may be necessary or desirable to have one or more databases within one environment. For example, it may be desirable to have a separate database for each development engineer within one DB2 Development environment. 
   Database limitations may prohibit the use of multiple environments within the same database sub-system. The number of multiple databases within one environment within the same database sub-system may also be limited. One embodiment of a database, which may have some of these limitations is the DB2 database from International Business Machines (IBM). These limitations may often substantially reduce the flexibility of the FSO transaction processing application software program to adapt to changing business requirements. For example, an FSO business transaction processing system may need to expand and respond quickly to integrate a newly acquired FSO or process transactions from a new FSO location. A conventional method to implement these changes often involves changing the source code of the application program. This method is programming intensive, time consuming and costly. 
   The conventional method for the FSO transaction processing application software program developer to work around database environment restriction may be to manually modify the application program source code, in an off-line mode, to change the environment name in the database registry values. The application source code may be written in higher level programming languages such as COBOL, SQL, C, Visual Basic, C++, Java, and others. Manual switching between the one or more database environments may often involve a shutdown and startup phase for the database sub-system. This is especially undesirable in installations, which attempt to operate continuously. 
   The conventional method for the FSO transaction processing application software program developer to avoid the difficulty of adding a new database name may be to add new data to an existing database name. As an alternate, the application software program developer could manually modify the application program source code, in an off-line mode, to change the database name in the DB2 registry values to the ‘new’ database name. The application source code may be written in higher level programming languages such as COBOL, SQL, C, Visual Basic, C++, Java, and others. Both of these methods have drawbacks. 
   The method of adding new data to an existing DB2 database increases the size, often reducing the system performance and increasing maintenance complexity. The method of changing a database name by using applicable commands in the application programming language i.e. by modifying the source code, significantly increases the development time and the costs. For example, adding a new company database in an FSO may affect the source code in thousands of application programs. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention provides various embodiments of an improved method and system for dynamically selecting a database packageset table entry based on application program requirements. In some embodiments, data may be stored in tables in the database. In one embodiment, a key definition table, database packageset table for storing database identifier values and key values may be provided. 
   In one embodiment, a key definition may be configured for use in building a processing key value from data associated with an FSO customer transaction in response to a computer program executing on the FSO computer system requesting a processing parameter value to be used in the processing of the FSO customer transaction. The processing key value may be used in locating the database identifier value in a dynamic database packageset table in the FSO computer system database. The key definition may also be used during the comparison of processing key values to pre-configured key values stored in a database packageset table. If a pre-configured key value that matches the processing key value is found in the dynamic database packageset table, a database identifier value stored with the pre-configured key value in the database packageset table may be returned to the requesting computer program. 
   The key definition may include one or more data elements, or key elements. The key elements may be arranged in a sequence in the key definition. The key elements may include information describing the location and data format of data element values in the FSO system database. The location information in a key element may be used in locating a data element value in the database during the building of a processing key value, wherein the data element value is to be included as part of the processing key value. The data format information may be used to specify the data type, size and other data attributes during the building of a processing key value. The key definition may be stored in the database in the FSO system. In one embodiment, the key definition may be stored in a key definition table in the database. 
   Processing parameter values may be configured for use during the processing of data, including FSO transactions, in the FSO computer system. Key values may be configured for use in locating the processing parameters in the FSO computer system. In one embodiment, database identifier values and user defined key values may be stored in a dynamic database packageset table in the database, with one row in the dynamic database packageset table including one or more fields for storing a key value and one or more fields for storing processing parameter values associated with the key value. In one embodiment, a key definition may be used to format the user interface for entering key element values. A key element value may be entered for each key element in the key definition, and the key element values may be combined to construct a key value. 
   In one embodiment of a system for processing business data in an FSO transaction processing computer system using user-configured key definitions, a key building program may be provided. The key building program may be configured to accept requests for processing parameters from FSO transaction processing programs executing on the FSO computer system. The key building program may be configured to access a key definition table in the FSO system database and to read a key definition for a processing parameter in response to receiving a request for the processing parameter. 
   A key building program may be configured to build a processing key value for a processing parameter from one or more data element values in the FSO system database in response to receiving a request for the processing parameter. In one embodiment, the key building program may be configured to locate data element values in the FSO system database using data element location information stored in the a key definition. In one embodiment, each of one or more key elements in a key definition may specify the location and data format of one data element in the FSO system database. The key building program may be configured to use the data element information stored in the key elements of the key definition to locate data elements in the FSO system database and to read the data element values from the FSO system database. The key building program may be configured to write each data element value read from the FSO system database to a corresponding key element in a processing key. In one embodiment, the key element values in the processing key may be in combination referred to as the processing key value. 
   In one embodiment of a system for processing business data in an FSO transaction processing computer system using dynamic database packageset switching, a dynamic database packageset switching software program may be provided. In one embodiment, the program may be configured to receive processing key values from a key building program. The dynamic database packageset switching software program may be configured to locate a dynamic database packageset switching table for locating a database identifier in the FSO system database in response to receiving a data value request from the application program. In one embodiment, the dynamic database packageset switching software program may compare the processing key value to the pre-configured key values stored in the rows of the dynamic database packageset switching table. 
   In one embodiment, the dynamic database packageset switching program may be configured to send a message to the application program in response to the dynamic database packageset switching program not finding a match for the processing key value among the pre-configured key values in the dynamic database packageset switching table for the database identifier. The message may inform the application program that no match was found for the processing key value submitted to the dynamic database packageset switching program. 
   In one embodiment, the key definitions, key values, processing parameter values, and database identifier values may be constructed and stored during the configuration of the FSO system. Configuration of the FSO system may occur at the time the FSO system software programs and databases are initially installed and set up for processing FSO transactions. Configuration of the FSO system may also occur after the initial configuration performed during the installation of the FSO system. A configuration of the FSO system that occurs after the initial configuration may be called a reconfiguration of the FSO system. During reconfiguration, the key definitions, key values, processing parameter values, and database identifiers constructed during the initial configuration may be modified or deleted, and new key definitions, key values, processing parameter values, and database identifiers may be added to the FSO system. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating the architecture of one embodiment of a financial service organization business transaction processing system with an application program, a database sub-system, a data storage sub-system and a user sub-system in the network; 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating the architecture of one embodiment of a financial service organization business transaction processing system with an application program, a dynamic database packageset switching sub-system, a computing environment monitoring sub-system, a database sub-system, a data storage sub-system, and a user sub-system in the network; 
       FIG. 2   a  is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of a dynamic database packageset switching module, a packageset input/output processing sub-system, a dynamic database packageset switching table, a database input/output processing sub-system, a computing environment monitoring sub-system, a database sub-system, a data storage sub-system; 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a prior art database domain architecture of a financial service organization business transaction processing system with the database domain consisting of a single database sub-system, a single database environment within the database sub-system and one or more databases within the single DB2 database environment; 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a multi-environment, multi-database domain architecture of one embodiment of a financial service organization business transaction processing system with the database domain consisting of a single database sub-system, one or more database environments within the single database sub-system and one or more databases within each of the database environments; 
       FIG. 5  is a prior art flowchart illustrating the need for modifying application program source code to a change in database environment or an addition of a new database according to one embodiment; 
       FIG. 5   a  is a continuation of flowchart in  FIG. 5 ; 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating the runtime use of dynamic database packageset switching method according to one embodiment; 
       FIG. 7   a  is a flowchart illustrating the configuration and runtime use of dynamic database packageset switching method according to one embodiment; 
       FIG. 7   b  is a continuation of flowchart in  FIG. 7   a;    
       FIG. 8  is a data flow diagram illustrating a dynamic database packageset switching for an associated application program database request according to one embodiment; 
       FIG. 9  is a data flow diagram illustrating a legacy method for an application program database request according to one embodiment; 
       FIG. 10  illustrates one embodiment of a method for selecting data dictionary data elements as key elements available for inclusion in key definitions; 
       FIG. 11  illustrates one embodiment of a method for selecting key elements to be available for inclusion in a particular key definition from a list of key elements available for inclusion in all key definitions; 
       FIG. 12  illustrates one embodiment of a method for selecting key elements for inclusion in a key definition from a list of key elements available for inclusion in the key definition; 
       FIG. 13  illustrates one embodiment of a key definition with examples of parameters that may be included in the key element definitions; 
       FIG. 14  illustrates one embodiment of a dynamic database packageset switching table for the key definition of  FIG. 13  with examples of key values and processing parameter values; and 
       FIG. 15  illustrates one embodiment of a dynamic database packageset switching table in an FSO system. 
   

   While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to limit the invention to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. 
   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   The term “computer system” as used herein generally describes the hardware and software components that in combination allow the execution of computer programs. The computer programs may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. A computer system&#39;s hardware generally includes a processor, memory media, and Input/Output (I/O) devices. As used herein, the term “processor” generally describes the logic circuitry that responds to and processes the basic instructions that operate a computer system. The term “memory medium” includes an installation medium, e.g., a CD-ROM, or floppy disks; a volatile computer system memory such as DRAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; or a non-volatile memory such as optical storage or a magnetic medium, e.g., a hard drive. The term “memory” is used synonymously with “memory medium” herein. The memory medium may comprise other types of memory or combinations thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in a first computer in which the programs are executed, or may be located in a second computer that connects to the first computer over a network. In the latter instance, the second computer provides the program instructions to the first computer for execution. In addition, the computer system may take various forms, including a personal computer system, mainframe computer system, workstation, network appliance, Internet appliance, personal digital assistant (PDA), television system or other device. In general, the term “computer system” can be broadly defined to encompass any device having a processor that executes instructions from a memory medium. 
   The memory medium preferably stores a software program or programs for a dynamic database packageset switching method in a financial service organization business transaction processing system as described herein. The software program(s) may be implemented in any of various ways, including procedure-based techniques, component-based techniques, and/or object-oriented techniques, among others. For example, the software program may be implemented using ActiveX controls, C++ objects, JavaBeans, Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC), or other technologies or methodologies, as desired. A CPU, such as the host CPU, executing code and data from the memory medium includes a means for creating and executing the software program or programs according to the methods, flowcharts, and/or block diagrams described below. 
   A computer system&#39;s software generally includes at least one operating system such as MVS available from International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation, a specialized software program that manages and provides services to other software programs on the computer system. Software may also include one or more programs to perform various tasks on the computer system and various forms of data to be used by the operating system or other programs on the computer system. The data may include but are not limited to databases, text files, and graphics files. A computer system&#39;s software generally is stored in non-volatile memory or on an installation medium. A program may be copied into a volatile memory when running on the computer system. Data may be read into volatile memory as the data is required by a program. 
   A server program may be defined as a computer program that, when executed, provides services to other computer programs executing in the same or other computer systems. The computer system on which a server program is executing may be referred to as a server, though it may contain a number of server and client programs. In the client/server model, a server program awaits and fulfills requests from client programs in the same or other computer systems. An example of a computer program that may serve as a server is Windows NT server, available from Microsoft Corporation. 
   FIG.  1 —A Block Diagram Illustrating a Prior Art Financial Service Organization Business Transaction Processing System 
   In  FIG. 1 , an embodiment of a prior art financial service organization business transaction processing system  100  may include a computer system  110 , an operating system  150 , a user display screen  130  connected to the computer system via a link  140 , and a database  170  residing on data storage  120 . Computer system  110  includes memory  160  configured to store computer programs for execution on system  100 , and a central processing unit (not shown) configured to execute instructions of computer programs residing on system  100 . Application program  180  may be stored in memory  160 . Database access requests generated by the Application program  180  are processed by the FSO database  170 . If requested FSO data is available within the FSO database  170  then it retrieves the requested FSO data from the data storage  120 . If requested FSO data is not available within the FSO database  170  then it may send an error message to the Application program  180 . The user working at a display screen  130  may need to change the Application program  180  source code to eliminate the FSO database  170  error. 
   FIG.  2 —A Block Diagram Illustrating One Embodiment of a Financial Service Organization Business Transaction Processing System Utilizing a Dynamic Database Packageset Switching Method 
   In  FIG. 2 , an embodiment of a financial service organization business transaction processing system  200 , utilizing a dynamic database packageset switching method, may include a computer system  210 , an operating system  260 , a user display screen  230  connected to the computer system via a link  240 , a computing environment monitoring software  250  connected to a dynamic database packageset switching software  290 , and a database  280  residing on data storage  220 . Computer system  210  includes memory  270  configured to store computer programs for execution on system  200 , and a central processing unit (not shown) configured to execute instructions of computer programs residing on system  200 . Application program  295  is used to interface to and process financial services organization business transactions requested by a user working at a user display screen  230 . Application program  295  may be stored in memory  260 . 
   A user working at display screen  230  may execute a transaction associated with Application program  295 . The transaction may need data from FSO database  280 . FSO database  280  access requests from the Application program  295  are processed by the dynamic database packageset switching module  290 . The dynamic database packageset switching module  290  dynamically selects the packageset name associated with the application program. The packageset specified memory location of the requested FSO data and forwards that information to the FSO database  280 . The requested FSO data within the FSO database  280  is then retrieved from the data storage  220 . 
   FIG.  3 —A Prior Art Database Domain Architecture of a Financial Service Organization Business Transaction Processing System 
     FIG. 3  illustrates a prior art database domain architecture of a financial service organization business transaction processing system with the database domain consisting of a single database sub-system  300 , a single database environment  310  within the database sub-system  300  and one or more databases  320  within the single database environment  310 . Prior art database design and set up restrictions normally limit the financial service organization business transaction processing system to use the single environment within the same DB2 sub-system. 
   FIG.  4 —A Multi-Environment, Multi-Database Domain Architecture of One Embodiment of a Financial Service Organization Business Transaction Processing System 
     FIG. 4  illustrates a multi-environment, multi-database domain architecture of one embodiment of a financial service organization business transaction processing system with a single database sub-system, one or more database environments within the single database sub-system and one or more databases within one of the database environments. The dynamic database packageset switching method and system is capable of processing, at run time, an FSO database access request from the Application Program which would be independent of the current database environment and database name. 
   FIG.  5 —A Flowchart Illustrating the Prior Art for Processing a Business Transaction which Involves a Change in Database Environment According to One Embodiment; 
     FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating the prior art for processing an FSO business transaction. If the Application Program associated with the business transaction requests data not available in the current database environment or in the current database name then the Application Program source code must be modified. Modifying an application program source code to accommodate a change in database environment or an addition of a new database, according to one embodiment, is time consuming and expensive. In one embodiment, steps  500  through  505  may be performed in a business transaction processing program in the FSO system. The user of the FSO computer may START the prior art FSO processing method by initiating a business transaction. In step  500 , the user initiated, or another FSO computer initiated in another embodiment, business transaction may communicate with an application program. In step  501 , in response to the user requested business transaction, the application program may generate one or more requests for data from FSO computer database. In step  502 , a determination may be made if the requested data is obtainable within the definition of the current environment. If the requested data may be obtained in the current environment then program control is passed to step  503 . If the requested data may not be obtained in the current environment then program control is passed to step  505 . In step  505 , the user of the FSO computer system may need to change the application program source code, in an off-line mode, to modify the environment registry values used in FSO database definition. In step  503 , a determination may be made if the requested data is obtainable within the current database name. If the requested data may be obtained in the current database name then program control may be passed to step  510  in  FIG. 5   a . In step  504 , the user of the FSO computer system may need to change the application program source code, in an off-line mode, to modify the database registry values used in FSO database definition. 
     FIG. 5   a —A Continuation of Flowchart Illustrated in  FIG. 5   
     FIG. 5   a  is a continuation of flowchart illustrated in  FIG. 5 . In step  510 , in one embodiment, the request for data may be passed on to a database manager in the FSO computer system to locate the requested data. In step  520 , in one embodiment, the requested data is retrieved and passed on to the originating application program. 
   FIG.  6 —A Flowchart Illustrating the Runtime Version of a Dynamic Database Packageset Switching Method According to One Embodiment 
     FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating the runtime version of the dynamic database packageset switching method for performing database access during the processing an FSO business transaction. If the Application program associated with the business transaction requests data which may not be available in the current database environment or in the current database name then the dynamic database packageset switching software dynamically changes the environment or the database name without requiring a source code change to access the requested data. In one embodiment, steps  600  and  603  may be performed in a business transaction processing program in the FSO system. The user of the FSO computer may START the dynamic database packageset switching method for performing database access during the processing an FSO business transaction by initiating a business transaction. In step  600 , the user requested business transaction may initiate an application program. In step  601 , in response to the user requested business transaction, the application program may generate one or more requests for data from the FSO computer database. In step  602 , the dynamic database packageset switching method for performing database access may obtain the requested data from the FSO database without changing the application program source code. Further detail of step  602  is shown in  FIG. 7   b . In step  603 , the dynamic database packageset switching method may return the requested data to the application program. 
     FIG. 7   a —A Flowchart Illustrating One Embodiment of the Configuration and Runtime Use of Dynamic Database Packageset Switching Method 
     FIG. 7   a  is a flowchart illustrating the configuration and runtime version of the dynamic database packageset switching method for performing database access during the processing an FSO business transaction. In one embodiment, steps  700  through  720  may be performed in a business transaction processing program in the FSO system. The user of the FSO computer may START the configuration of the dynamic database packageset switching method by defining values in a dynamic database packageset switching table. In one embodiment, the dynamic database packageset switching table may consist of data values stored in one or more rows and two columns. Column number one may comprise a database identifier and column number two may comprise a user defined key. The user defined key structure may be defined by selecting one or more data dictionary elements arranged in a specific sequence. The database identifier in column number one may comprise a pointer to the FSO computer database location associated with the value of the user defined key in column number two. The dynamic database packageset switching table configuration method is further detailed in  FIGS. 11 through 16 . In step  710 , the dynamic database packageset switching software may be compiled, generated and downloaded. In step  720 , the user may execute the dynamic database packageset switching software. 
     FIG. 7   b —A Continuation of Flowchart in  FIG. 7   a    
     FIG. 7   b  is the continuation of flowchart in  FIG. 7   a . In step  722 , the dynamic database switching software receives a request for data stored in the FSO database from the application program. In step  723 , the dynamic database switching software program may build a key in real-time, consistent with the user defined key structure defined in step  700 . The key may then be used to access the dynamic database switching table to find a database identifier with a matching entry in the user defined key value. In step  724 , the dynamic database switching software program may use the database identifier to request data from FSO database. On receiving the requested data from the FSO database, program control may transfer to step  725 . The dynamic database switching software program may send the requested data to the application program in step  725 . This completes the data request/response cycle for the application program, using the dynamic database switching software program. In step  726 , the dynamic database switching software program may constantly monitor if the FSO computer is on-line. If it is on-line, program control transfers to step  722 . 
   FIG.  8 —A Data Flow Diagram Illustrating Dynamic Database Packageset Switching for an Associated Application Program Database Request According to One Embodiment 
     FIG. 8  is a data flow diagram illustrating dynamic database packageset switching for an associated application program database request, according to one embodiment. In step  800 , a user requests an FSO business transaction. In step  810 , an application program associated with the business transaction processes the user request and generates a request for FSO data, which may be required to complete the business transaction, to the dynamic database packageset switching software. In step  820 , the input processing portion of the dynamic database packageset switching software may gather additional transaction related information regarding the application program request for FSO data. In one embodiment, this may include the application program name, program variable, location of user and similar other. In step  840 , the dynamic database packageset switching software may dynamically create a key to access the dynamic database packageset switching table. In steps  850  and  860 , the dynamic database packageset switching software may find a matching user defined key with an associated database identifier. In step  870 , the dynamic database packageset switching software may use the database identifier to point to the physical data storage location in the FSO database. In steps  880  and  830 , the requested data from FSO database may be returned to the dynamic database packageset switching software which may be passed on to the application program in step  830 . The application program may then display requested data to user to complete the user business transaction. 
   FIG.  9 —A Data Flow Diagram Illustrating a Legacy Method for an Application Program Database Request According to One Embodiment 
     FIG. 9  is a data flow diagram illustrating a legacy method for an application program database request, according to one embodiment. In step  900 , a user requests an FSO business transaction. In step  910 , an application program associated with the business transaction may process the user request and may generate a request for FSO data, which may be required to complete the business transaction. In step  920 , the application to specific database interface program may convert the data request to a format understood by the FSO database. In one embodiment, this may include converting the application program data read request written in COBOL to an IBM DB2 database format. In step  930 , the requested data from FSO database may be returned to the application to specific database interface program which may be pass on the data to the application program. The application program may then display requested data to user to complete the user business transaction. 
   FIG.  10 —One Embodiment of a Method for Selecting Data Dictionary Data Elements as Key Elements Available for Inclusion in Key Definitions 
     FIG. 10  illustrates one embodiment of a method for a user of an FSO system to select data dictionary data elements as key elements available for inclusion in key definitions in an FSO system. In this illustration, by way of example, the letters A through Z are used to represent the data elements in the universe of data elements in the data dictionary. In one embodiment, the database may include a table including references to all data elements in the data dictionary that are useable in keys. In another embodiment, each data element in the data dictionary may have a useable in keys parameter associated with it. In one embodiment, the useable in keys parameter may be a binary parameter, and may be set to either allow the data element to be used in key definitions or to exclude the data element from use in key definitions. In one embodiment, a particular data element in the data dictionary may be selected, and information about the selected data element including the useable in keys parameter may be presented on a computer display screen. In one embodiment, a list  122  of all data elements in the data dictionary may be presented on a computer display screen  120  to a user of the FSO system. In one embodiment, a current state  124  of the useable in keys parameter may be displayed with each data element. The state of the useable in keys parameter may be displayed in any form suitable to represent a binary parameter. Examples of forms of displaying states of binary parameters include, but are not limited to: textual binary displays such as YES/NO, Y/N, TRUE/FALSE, T/F, 1/0 and ON/OFF, and; graphic binary displays, such as check boxes and radio buttons. In this example, YES/NO is used, with YES representing a useable in keys parameter set to allow the data element to be used in key definitions, and NO representing a useable in keys parameter set to exclude the data element from use in key definitions. A user may change the state of a useable in keys parameter for a data element by changing the displayed state of the useable in keys parameter. In one embodiment, the user may select the useable in keys parameter using a cursor control device and enter the textual representation of the desired state of the useable in keys parameter using an input device. In one embodiment, the user may select data dictionary data elements as key elements available for inclusion in key definitions to monitor the FSO computing environment. 
   FIG.  11 —One Embodiment of a Method for Selecting Key Elements to be Available for Inclusion in a Particular Key Definition from a List of Key Elements Available for Inclusion in All Key Definitions 
     FIG. 11  illustrates one embodiment of a method for a user of an FSO system to select a group of key elements available for inclusion as key elements in a particular key definition in the FSO system. In this illustration, by way of example, the letters A through Z are used to represent the data elements in the universe of data elements in the data dictionary. In one embodiment, a list  132  of all key elements available for inclusion in key definitions may be presented on a computer display screen  130  to a user of the FSO system. In this example, list  132  includes key elements N through Z. Each key element in list  132  may have a useable in key parameter  134  associated with it. In one embodiment, a current state  134  of the useable in key parameter may be displayed with each key element. The state of the useable in key parameter may be displayed in any form suitable to represent a binary parameter. In this example, YES/NO is used, with YES representing a useable in key parameter set to allow the key element to be used in this key definition, and NO representing a useable in key parameter set to exclude the data element from use in this key definition. A user may change the state of a useable in key parameter for a key element by changing the displayed state of the useable in key parameter. In one embodiment, the user may select the useable in key parameter using a cursor control device and enter the textual representation of the desired state of the useable in key parameter using an input device. 
   FIG.  12 —One Embodiment of a Method for Selecting Key Elements for Inclusion in a Key Definition from a List of Key Elements Available for Inclusion in the Key Definition 
     FIG. 12  illustrates one embodiment of a method for a user of an FSO system to select key elements for inclusion in a key definition from a list of available key elements for the key definition in the FSO system. In this illustration, by way of example, the letters A through Z are used to represent the data elements in the universe of data elements in the data dictionary. In one embodiment, a list  142  of all key elements available for inclusion in a particular key definition may be presented on a computer display screen  140  to a user of the FSO system. In this example, list  142  includes key elements V through Z. Computer display screen  140  may also display a “use in this key” parameter  144  and a key element sequence parameter  146  for each key element displayed. The state of the “use in this key” parameter  144  may be displayed in any form suitable to represent a binary parameter. In this example, YES/NO is used, with YES representing a key element selected to be used as a key element in this key definition, and NO representing a key element not selected to be used as a key element in this key definition. A user may change the state of the “use in this key” parameter for a key element by changing the displayed state of the “use in this key” parameter. In one embodiment, the user may select the “use in this key” parameter using a cursor control device and enter the textual representation of the desired state of the “use in this key” parameter using an input device. In this example, the “use in this key” parameter for key elements W, X and Z are set to YES to indicate that W, X and Z are to be used as key elements in the key definition. The key element sequence parameter may be used to specify the order in which the key elements will appear in the key definition. In this example, key element X is set to appear as the first key element, key element W is set to appear as the second key element, and key element Z is set to appear as the third key element. 
   FIG.  13 —One Embodiment of a Key Definition with Examples of Parameters that May be Included in the Key Element Definitions 
     FIG. 13  illustrates an embodiment of a key definition that may have been defined by a user of an FSO system, with key elements displayed on a key definition screen  150 . Each key element may include several parameters that define the key element. In one embodiment, the key elements may be displayed as rows on computer display screen  150 , with the columns displaying key element parameters. This example shows key elements X, W, and Z. Key element column  152  displays the key element name. Key element sequence column  154  displays the order in which the key elements may appear in the key definition. In this example, key element X is the first key element, key element W is the second key element, and key element Z is the third key element. Element name column  156  may display a data element name. In this example, key element X is Company ID, key element W is the Credit Card Type, and key element Z is ON US/NOT ON US. Field length column  158  may display a length in units for the key element. In one embodiment, the units are 8-bit bytes. In this example, key element X is 2 bytes long, key element W is 3 bytes long, and key element Z is one byte long. Data type column  160  may display a data type for the key element. In this example, key element X is of data type numeric, and key elements W and Z are of data type character. 
   FIG.  14 —One Embodiment of a Dynamic Database Packageset Switching Table for the Key Definition of  FIG. 13  with Examples of Key Values and Processing Parameters 
     FIG. 14  illustrates an embodiment of a dynamic database packageset switching table  170  from a database used in an FSO system, with rows including user defined key values  174  and database identifiers  178  associated with the key values. The dynamic database packageset switching table may be used to store user defined key values and the database identifier values associated with the key values. The user defined key values and the database identifier may be entered by a user of the FSO system. In one embodiment, the dynamic database packageset switching table may include pre-defined key values and the database identifier, and the user of the FSO system may add key values and the database identifier to the dynamic database packageset switching table. In one embodiment, the user defined keys may be configured to monitor the FSO computing environment. 
   The dynamic database packageset switching table may be searched for a particular user defined key value to find the database identifier associated with the key value. In this example, the dynamic database packageset switching table  170  may be used to point to database locations  179  for different key values. The ability for a user of the FSO system to configure key definitions and dynamic database packageset switching tables at configuration time allows the FSO application programs to look up database location for data in a particular transaction based upon attributes of the transaction. For example, an FSO may add a new city branch  175  to process business transactions for Location  14 . The user may include one or more attributes (data elements) of the transaction as key elements in the key definition and define a database pointer  179 . In this example, the FSO may be able to add new locations, such as adding Location  14 , and process business transactions by merely configuring the dynamic database packageset switching table  170  and without changing any application program source code. 
   In one embodiment, each row  172  in table  170  holds one key value and its associated database identifier value. In one embodiment, each key value is unique among the key values in the dynamic database packageset switching table. Each key definition is associated with one database identifier value in the dynamic database packageset switching table. A key value may be constructed from the key element values stored in the one or more key elements defined in the key definition for this dynamic database packageset switching table. In this example, the key values are constructed from key elements X ( 175 ), W ( 176 ), and Z ( 177 ), as defined in key description  150  illustrated in  FIG. 14 . In  FIG. 15 , row  1 &#39;s key value is (12, VIS, Y). The database identifier value corresponding to the key value of (12, VIS, Y) is NN1234567890123456. Searching the dynamic database packageset switching table  170  for the key value of (12, VIS, Y) will return the database identifier value of NN1234567890123456. 
   FIG.  15 —One Embodiment of a Dynamic Database Packageset Switching Table in an FSO System 
     FIG. 15  illustrates one embodiment of the dynamic database packageset switching table  210  in an FSO system database. Dynamic database packageset switching table  210  may include cells  216  for storing user-defined key values  217  in one column  212  and cells  218  for storing user-defined database identifier values  218  in a second column  214 . One row in each table may include one cell  216  for storing a user-defined key value  217  and one cell  218  for storing the user-defined database identifier value  219  associated with the key value. In this example, in Dynamic database packageset switching table, user defined key values (1, 2, . . . , n) correlate to database identifiers (1, 2, . . . , n). 
   In one embodiment, cells  216  for storing key values  217  may be of a pre-configured fixed size that is identical for all dynamic database packageset switching tables  210 . In this embodiment, the fixed size of cells  216  may be pre-configured large enough to store key values  217  of the maximum size anticipated by the user of the system. In one embodiment, if the pre-configured size of cells  216  is not large enough, the dynamic database packageset switching tables may be re-configured with a larger fixed size for cells  216 . 
   Various embodiments further include receiving or storing instructions and/or data implemented in accordance with the foregoing description upon a carrier medium. Suitable carrier media include memory media or storage media such as magnetic or optical media, e.g., disk or CD-ROM, as well as signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals, conveyed via a communication medium such as networks and/or a wireless link. 
   Although the system and method of the present invention have been described in connection with several embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific forms set forth herein, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as can be reasonably included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Technology Category: 4