Patent Document

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Not Applicable 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
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     REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING COMPACT DISK APPENDIX 
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     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to the use of an attachable sail rig with an optional integrated water foil and a rudder for conversion of a conventional boat such as a row boat, kayak, canoe, and power boat into a sailboat or to modify an existing sailboat. The state of the art designs for attachable sailing rig systems limits their use to only specific types of boats and have relatively little sail area for the recommend size of boat, thus lacking in performance and the power required for a planing hull to plane. Generally, the sail area limitation is due to the absence of strong attachment points or mast rig for properly supporting a larger sail rig, especially on inflatable boats. Existing designs also use outboard water foil(s) or lee boards with elaborate attachments to the mast structure which increase the complexity and reduce the versatility and strength, and are unable to cant. 
     An example of an attachable sail rig which is no longer on the market, has the least amount of complexity using a single forward or bow water foil can be found in SAIL magazine article in June 2005, on page 59. This rig has a C-shaped mast step by Scully Fin which holds the water foil in the front end and mast in the back end, which is also stayed with small lines near the base of the mast. This indirect attachment reduces the rigidity between the mast and water foil, and places the relative center of sail area further aft of the water foil. With the sail area further aft and a fully shaped water foil which is not easily stalled at low speeds, the rig is prone to lock in irons when pointed too far into the wind, especially with a standard rudder. The C-shaped mast step attachment does not utilize the existing bow towing ring/safety line and oar locks for the distribution of the mast loads onto the hull. This rig design, as well as others with more complexity such as those by Sailboats To Go with lee boards (found in SAIL magazine article in June 2005, on page 58 and 59), also limit the strength and rigidity needed to carry additional sail area in strong winds. 
     Another sail rig which is not detachable and permanently installed on large sailboats is the Swing Rig by Van De Stadt found in SAIL magazine article in December 2008, on page 49. Although, this sail rig can be jibed around the front of the sailboat as a single unit, un-stayed and unsupported above deck. The dissimilarities of this sail rig will be described in this invention, which include a fixed mast rig with support struts and canting ability. Another similar sail rig used in windsurfing is also tacked or jibed around the front of the mast as a single unit and only supported by the sailor, although, unlike most sail rigs the mast and sail can be canted or tilted independently of the hull with the sail&#39;s foot optimally close to the water. In strong winds the windsurfing sail rig is canted windward and aft ward, adding to the sail&#39;s drag, but the added lift reduces the net weight and water drag on the hull which increases the overall performance. It is one of the most efficient sail rigs because of it&#39;s versatility, but unlike other sail rigs the complexity in sail control for water starts, steering, tacking and proper weight distribution requires good physical agility and takes time to master. 
     Another similar but unrelated sailing configuration can be found in the use of a conventional asymmetrical spinnaker, which can also be setup to tack around the front of a boat&#39;s standing rigging or forestay. Although, the sail has a free floating lull and is not tacked around the mast as will be described in this invention. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is the object of this invention to disclose the drawbacks of existing prior art and to provided a complete universal sail rig which can be removably attached to any type of boat for sailing, and have the fewest components, thus reducing the complexity and cost for manufacturing. 
     It is a further object to the present invention to provide a sail rig with a novel method for tacking a sail which eliminates the existing restrictions on mast support structures. The mast support structure is comprised of two support struts which are geometrically positioned without restriction for maximum height and stance on each side of the mast, forming a tripod with the mast for maximum strength and simplicity. This support structure geometry is also adjustable in size to utilize a boat&#39;s inherently strong attachment points such as oar locks and bow for maximum support strength without restricting the functionality of the sail rig, and have the ability to carry a large sail area in brisk wind conditions. Additionally, the support structure provides a method for canting of the sail to windward and create lift which reduces the net weight of the boat and increases it&#39;s overall performance. 
     It is a further object to the present invention to provided a sail rig with support structure geometry which includes one integral water foil for lateral resistance to the sail and is attached to the base of the mast for simplicity and efficiency, and also provide a method for the attachment of a rudder for steering control on any type of boat. All components of the sail rig disassemble and reduce in size for easy transport by a car or as commercial airline luggage. 
     These and other features and objects of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken with the accompanying drawings and claims, of which: 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a boat and the attachable sail rig embodying the invention; 
         FIGS. 2A through 2E  is a sequence of elevational sketched sectional views of the sail rig; 
         FIGS. 3A through 3E  is a different sequence of elevational sketched sectional views thereof; 
         FIGS. 4A through 4E  is a different sequence of elevational sketched sectional views including a battened sail or boom; 
         FIG. 5  is a sectional view taken substantially along line  5 - 5  in  FIG. 1  including the strut attachment, mast and sail; 
         FIG. 6  is a sectional view similar to  FIG. 5 . including a strut attachment clamp; 
         FIG. 7  is a sectional view similar to  FIG. 5 . including a battened sail and mast groove; 
         FIG. 8  is an exploded perspective view of an oar lock and strut attachment assembly on an inflatable boat; 
         FIG. 9  is an assembled perspective view thereof; 
         FIG. 10  is an exploded perspective of an oar lock and strut attachment assembly on a row boat; 
         FIG. 11  is an assembled perspective view thereof; 
         FIG. 12  is an exploded perspective view of a strut attachment assembly on a boat; 
         FIG. 13  is an assembled perspective view thereof; 
         FIG. 14  is an exploded perspective view of the mast attachment assembly; 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of the mast attachment assembly attached to the bow of an inflatable boat; 
         FIG. 16  is a partial sectional side view taken substantially along line  16 - 16  in  FIG. 14  of the mast attachment assembly; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of the mast attachment assembly attached to the bow of a boat; 
         FIG. 18  is a sectional view of strut tubes in longest length adjustment; 
         FIG. 19  is a sectional view of strut tubes in medium length adjustment; 
         FIG. 20  is a sectional view of strut tubes in shortest length adjustment; 
         FIG. 21  is a sectional view of strut tubes with locking release mechanism in longest length setting; 
         FIG. 22  is a sectional view of strut tubes with locking release mechanism in medium length setting; 
         FIG. 23  is a sectional view of strut tubes with locking release mechanism in shortest length setting; 
         FIG. 24  is a rear view of strut tubes with the mast in the vertical position; 
         FIG. 25  is a rear view of strut tubes with mast canting; 
         FIG. 26  is a rear view of strut tubes locking with mast canted; 
         FIG. 27  is a rear view of strut tubes locked with mast canted; 
         FIG. 28  is a rear view of strut tubes with mast canting; 
         FIG. 29  is a rear view of strut tubes locked with mast canted in reverse direction; 
         FIG. 30  is a sectional view of strut tubes with hydraulic cylinder in longest length setting; 
         FIG. 31  is a sectional view of strut tubes with hydraulic cylinder in medium length setting; 
         FIG. 32  is a sectional view of strut tubes with hydraulic cylinder in shortest length setting; 
         FIG. 33  is a perspective view of each strut and mast attached to a boat; 
         FIG. 34  is a perspective view of each strut and mast being erected; 
         FIG. 35  is a perspective view of each strut and mast fully erected; 
         FIG. 36  is a front view of a single water foil on one tack; 
         FIG. 37  is a front view of a bi-foil water foil on one tack; 
         FIG. 38  is a front view of a bi-foil water foil when coming about; 
         FIG. 39  is a front view of a bi-foil water foil on opposite tack; 
         FIG. 40  is a sectional view taken along line  40 - 40  in  FIG. 37  of the bi-foil water foil; 
         FIG. 41  is a sectional view similar to  FIG. 40  with a change in bi-foil water foil angle; 
         FIG. 42  is a sectional view similar to  FIG. 40  with a completely stalled bi-foil water foil; 
         FIG. 43  is a side view of the bi-foil water foil and foil rotational positions; 
         FIG. 44  is an expanded view of the water foil base mount in  FIG. 39 ; 
         FIG. 45  is a perspective view of a transom including a rudder assembly; 
         FIG. 46  is a perspective view of an oar lock strap; 
         FIG. 47  is a perspective view of a transom including a rudder assembly with an oar lock strap; 
         FIG. 48  is a perspective view similar to  FIG. 46  of a flattened down oar lock strap; 
         FIG. 49  is a perspective view of a gudgeon plate; 
         FIG. 50  is a exploded perspective view of a bi-foil rudder; 
         FIG. 51  is a side view of a bi-foil rudder and foil rotational positions; 
     
    
    
     Corresponding reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout several views of the drawings. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to  FIG. 1 , a sail rig  70  provided for a boat  80  with a bow  81  and having a transom  84  and a starboard side  71  and a port side  72 . The sail rig  70  utilizes the strong attachment points inherently available on most conventional boats and soft inflatable boats for attachment. The sail rig  70  is comprised of a mast  30  with an optional water foil assembly  10  and is supported by a strut  50  attached to each side of the mast  30  with a mast strut attachment assembly  52  forming a tripod with the lower section of the mast  30  and having a sail  20 . The base of the starboard strut  50  is attached to the starboard side  71  of the boat  80  aft of the mast  30  and the base of the port strut  50  is symmetrically attached to the port side  72  of the boat  80 , both with a strut attachment assembly  40 . The base of the mast  30  attaches to the bow  81  of the boat  80  with a mast attachment assembly  31  using a bow attachment line  32  through the bow towing ring  85 . On conventional sail rigs the main sail  20  is tacked aft of the mast  30  and the location of each strut  50  would interfere with the sail  20  on a reach or down wind when the sail  20  is let out against each strut  50 . If the sail  20  is placed outside or forward of each strut  50  the sail  20  cannot be conventionally tacked aft through each strut  50 . However, as the basis of this invention, the sail  20  can be tacked unconventionally around the front of the mast  30  which is clear of any obstructions when tacking upwind as shown from above in  FIGS. 2A through 2E , as a sequence of angle changes in the longitudinal axis  83  of a boat  80  with the wind direction indicated by arrows at the top of the page. Tacking or jibing the sail  20  down wind is shown as a sequence in  FIGS. 3A through 3E , and as a sequence with a sail  20  having battens or a boom in  FIGS. 4A through 4E . Also, if a conventional hiking trapeze wire  51  as shown in  FIG. 1  is used for a sailing trapeze, only a single trapeze wire  51  is required and detachment is unnecessary when tacking. Basically, the sail  20  is free of any interference and each strut  50  on all points of sailing. Even when closed hauled, the base of each strut  50  is cleared by the outward curvature or draft of the sail  20  as shown, and allows for the maximum stance and height placement on the mast  30  of each strut  50  on any boat  80 . Although, because the sail  20  goes around the front of the mast  30  a main sheet  21  is required for each side of the boat  80  to bring the sail  20  around from port side  72  to starboard side  71  when tacking similar to a conventional jib, as shown. A pulley  73  is attached to each side of the boat  80  near the transom  84  to handle the main sheet  21  as shown in  FIG. 1 . The sail  20  for this invention can be attached to the mast  30  as shown in  FIG. 1  by using several conventional methods as shown in a cross sectional view just above the mast strut attachment assembly  52  as shown in  FIG. 5  and similarly in  FIGS. 6 and 7  which also show the strut attachment bolt  42 .  FIG. 5  shows the attachment of the sail  20  to the front side of the mast  30  using a luff pocket  23  which encloses the mast  30 , and is open where each strut  50  attaches to mast  30  allowing the luff pocket  23  and sail  20  to rotate around the front of the mast  30 . The sail  20  can also have full length battens  24  and cams (not shown in drawings) to induce camber in the sail  20 . A conventional windsurfing sail  20  without modification can be used with a strut attachment clamp  41  as shown from the cross sectional view in  FIG. 6 . A conventional wishbone windsurfing boom can also be used and attached to the mast  30  above the mast strut attachment assembly  52  and rotates around the mast  30  when tacking (not shown in drawings). Another method of attachment for a conventional sail  20  having a luff tape  25  which slides up and down the mast groove  27  is shown in cross sectional view  FIG. 7  and the sail  20  can be raised and lowered. The forward attachment point also creates a bend and a preferable camber at the front of the sail  20 . If a luff pocket  23  is used, the head of the sail  20  contains a slippery polyethylene plastic cup insert which allows the sail  20  to rotate freely when tacking (not shown in drawings). The tack of each sail  20  is attached with a line leading to the front of the mast  30  base which reduces the tension on the luff when tacking and helps the head of the sail  30  turn more freely (not shown in drawings). 
     One of the most critical components of the sail rig  70  is in the proper attachment of the sail rig  70  to a conventional row boat  80  or power boat  80  or modification of an existing sail boat  80 . In order to support a larger sail  20  area the inherently strongest attachment points need to be utilized for each type of boat  80  without restricting the functionality of the sail rig  70 . The mast attachment assembly  31  and strut attachment assembly  40  are designed to be adaptable for any type of boat  80  including an inflatable boat  80  as shown in  FIG. 1  and to be quickly attachable and detachable. Now referring to  FIGS. 8 through 13 , the strut attachment assembly  40  at the base of each strut  50  is comprised of a strut end plate  61  made of semi-flexible plastic which is permanently attached to the bottom end of each strut  50  by several strut end plate bolts  62 . The strut end plate  61  also has a strut attachment hole  63  on the end which is used to attach to the boat  80  pivotally along the longitudinal axis  83  of the boat  80  which allows the strut  50  to rotate fore and aft and can flex from side to side along the lateral axis as indicated by arrows in  FIGS. 8 and 9 . For boats with existing oar locks, the strut is attached to the oar lock  86 . On an inflatable boat  80  each strut  50  is attached using the existing oar lock pin  87  and oar lock pin nut  88  as shown in  FIG. 9 . For a conventional row boat  80  without an existing oar lock pin  87  an L-bolt  43  and L-bolt nuts  44  are used to bolt into the oar lock hole  76  of the oar lock  86  and through the strut attachment hole  63  as shown in  FIGS. 10 and 11  when assembled. For boats without any oar lock  86  a shear attachment plate  45  is provided with several holes for permanent attachment to the shear of the boat  80  with shear attachment plate bolts  46  as shown in  FIG. 12 . The strut end plate  61  is then attached to the shear attachment plate  45  using a shear strut attachment plate bolt  48  which goes through the shear strut attachment plate hole  47  and the strut attachment hole  63  which is secured by a shear strut attachment plate nut  49  and allows the strut to rotate as shown in  FIG. 13 . Now referring to  FIGS. 14 through 17  for the attachment of the mast  10  to a boat  80 . The mast attachment assembly  31  consists of a detachable mast plate  34  made of a semi-flexible plastic and is pivotally attached to the mast  30  with a mast plate bolt  37  and mast plate nut  38 . A bow attachment line  32  is used to attach the mast  30  to the bow  81  of the boat  80  or bow towing ring  85  as shown in  FIGS. 14 and 15 . On an inflatable boat  80  the mast plate  34  is rotated to the up position which helps hold the water foil assembly  10  in line and pad the mast  30  against the bow  81  of the inflatable boat  80  as shown in  FIG. 15 . For conventional or non-inflatable boats, the detachable mast plate  34  is rotated down and permanently attached to the bow  81  of a boat  80  through the mast plate holes  35  using mast plate screws  36 . The mast  30  is then attached to the detachable mast plate  34  when in use as shown in  FIG. 17 . The bow attachment line  32  has one end permanently attached inside the base of the mast  30  with a bow attachment line knot  69  as shown in the partial cross sectional view of the mast  30  in  FIG. 16 . The other end of the bow attachment line  32  is fed through the bow towing ring  85  and back through the bow attachment hole  33  in the mast  30 , then up to a mast cleat  39  on the mast  30 . The mast  30  is pulled into the bow  81  by tightly pulling the bow attachment line  32  and cleating it off. The combined opposing forces of the water foil assembly  10  and the sail  20  pressure on the mast  30  helps reduce the lateral stress on the mast attachment assembly  31 . Although, large inflatable boats and kayaks can require additional bow attachment lines attached to the life lines or other attachment points for additional strength (not shown in drawings). The pivotal and flexible attachments will not compromise the integrity of the boat  80  if dismasted by a strut  50  or mast  30  failure, especially on inflatable boats. If there are no standard or conventional attachment points available on a boat  80 , custom attachment may be required for the attachment of the sail rig  70  (not shown in drawings). 
     Because the location of the strong attachment point on each boat  80  varies in location and scale, the sail rig  70  geometry is adaptable by changing the length of each strut  50  as shown in  FIGS. 18 through 20 . Where each strut  50  is comprised of two tubes, a lower strut tube  53  having a larger tube diameter which is attached to the boat  80  and an upper strut tube  54  with a smaller tube diameter attached to the mast  30  and telescopes inside or into the larger lower strut tube  53 . The telescoping action of the upper strut tube  54  shortens or lengthens each strut  50  by manually selecting a different strut locking hole  59  for the strut adjustment bolt  68  as shown in  FIGS. 19 and 20 . The length of each strut  50  can also be separately adjusted to different lengths, and the mast  30  and sail  20  can be angled or canted to port and starboard or fore and aft from the vertical axis  136  of the boat  80 , with similar positioning as that of a windsurfing sail for efficiency as shown in  FIG. 1 . Although, in order to accomplish this action quickly while under sail a different design or embodiment is required having a locking release mechanism  55  on the lower strut tube  53  instead of a bolt, as shown in  FIGS. 21 through 23 . The locking release mechanism  55  is comprised of a flexible release bar  56  attached to the lower tube strut  53  and extended with a lock pin  58  on the end which is lifted out of the strut locking hole  59  by pulling on the release line  57  allows the upper tube strut  53  to telescope up or down as shown in  FIG. 22 . Full extension of the strut  50  is stopped by the full extension a strut stop line  64  which is attached to the lower strut tube  53  with a lower strut knot  65  having a knot cap  75  and to the upper strut tube  54  with an upper strut knot  66 . With the release line  57  released, the lock pin  58  locks into the strut locking hole  59 , locking the strut  50  in the extended position as shown in  FIG. 21 . Full compression of the strut  50  is stopped by a strut stop ring  67  attached to the upper strut tube  54  which stops against the lower strut tube  53  and with the release line  57  released, the lock pin  58  locks into the strut locking hole  59 , locking the strut  50  in the compressed position as shown in  FIG. 23 . The length of the strut  50  can be controlled by the different location for each strut locking hole  59 , as shown in  FIGS. 24 through 29 , starting with the mast  30  in a vertical position as shown in  FIG. 24  with each strut  50  set to an equal length, then canting the mast  30  to one side by pulling on a release line  57  which releases each strut  50  during a tack as shown in  FIG. 25 , then releasing the release line  57  to lock each strut  50  in place as shown in  FIG. 26 . The boat is then tacked and the mast  30  is now locked and canted to the windward side as shown in  FIG. 27 . To tack again the process is repeated, the release line  57  is pulled releasing each strut  50  and the mast  30  to the opposite side during a tack as shown in  FIG. 28 , and then locked when the tack is completed as show in  FIG. 29 . On extremely large boats the telescoping action of each strut  50  is controlled using a hydraulic cylinder  130  installed in each lower strut tube  53  as shown if  FIG. 30 . The hydraulic cylinder  130  is attached and held in place with a hydraulic cylinder attachment bolt  133  and hydraulic cylinder spacer ring  135  and the hydraulic cylinder rod  131  is attached to the upper strut tube  54  with a hydraulic cylinder rod pin  132 . The hydraulic cylinder rod  131  moves when hydraulic fluid pressure changes in the hydraulic cylinder  130  which is fed by each hydraulic cylinder hose  134  and varies the length for each strut  50  as shown in  FIGS. 30 through 32 . Each hydraulic cylinder hose  134  on the port side is cross connected to each hydraulic cylinder hose  134  on the starboard side of the boat  80  and move in opposing directions when tacking (not shown in drawings). 
     Similar to each strut  50  which can be dissembled or shortened, the longer mast  30  is assembled from several smaller interlocking sections which fit inside each other at the ends. This allows the entire sail rig  70  to fit inside a carry bag or a survival kit (not shown in drawings) which can be transported in a car or as luggage on a commercial airlines. The sail rig  70  can be quickly erected on the water from inside the boat  80  or out of the water as shown in  FIGS. 33 through 35 . First the mast  30  is assembled from the several interlocking sections (not shown in drawings) and the top of each strut  50  is attached to the mast  30  and then the bottom of each strut  50  is attached to the boat  80  with strut attachment assembly  40  as shown in  FIG. 33 . The mast  30  and each strut  50  rotates at each attachment point when lifted up as shown in  FIG. 34 , until the base of the mast  30  can be attached to the bow  81  of the boat  80  with a mast attachment assembly  31  as shown in  FIG. 35  and fully erected. The mast  30  and each strut  50  is lowered using the same procedure in reverse for disassembly, and attachment assemblies are detached from the boat  80 . 
     As stated earlier, the sail rig  70  has a water foil assembly  10  for vessels not having a dagger board or a keel as shown in  FIG. 1 . The water foil assembly  10  is attached to the base of the mast  30  and is able to rotate fore and aft along the longitudinal axis  83  of the boat  80  when not in use. For a boat  80  which can reach planing speeds, any lift generating hydrofoil foil with lateral resistance known to the hydrofoil industry can be used as a water foil assembly  10  to help performance, especially on inflatable boats having a planing hull with an inflatable keel which performs better with the bow  81  lifted from the water. A very different option and a novel part of this invention is a flexible water foil assembly  10  which flexes to create a portion of water foil angled from the vertical axis of the mast  30  when under lateral load and generates a lifting component from a single water foil  13  which are indicated with arrows as shown in  FIG. 36 . As the water foil assembly  10  lifts the boat  80 , the water surface  18  goes down relative to the water foil assembly  10  as represented by the dotted line. But, even a more effective water foil assembly  10  and preferred embodiment is a bi-foil water foil  12  consisting of a pair of single water foil  13  separately attached at the top end to a water foil base mount  11  using a base mount bolt  19  with washers and joined at the bottom end to each other as shown in  FIGS. 37 through 39 . The arrows indicate the force vectors on one tack as shown in  FIG. 37 , when coming about as shown in  FIG. 38  and on the opposite tack as shown in  FIG. 39 . The junction of a pair of single water foil  13  to form the bi-foil water foil  12  adds to the lateral strength as a unit requiring less thickness of each water foil for strength which is more hydrodynamically efficient at high speeds, as shown in the cross section of the bi-foil water foil  12  in  FIGS. 40 and 41 , where the large arrows again indicate the lift vectors and the small arrows indicate the water flow  74 . The two narrow width high profile foils combine to have nearly the same area and lift of a conventional single foil of twice the width. In turn, the draft or thickness of each foil can be less than half of a single foil because of it&#39;s narrow width and high profile. Additionally, at high speeds the interaction of the windward bi-foil water foil  12  helps prevent the detachment of water flow  74  at the aft end of the leeward bi-foil water foil  12  which will maintain lift at a higher angle of attack as shown on the bottom bi-foil water foil  12  in  FIG. 41 . Also, each thin bi-foil water foil  12  bends under lateral load and curves to form a more efficient foil shape that acts as a lifting hydrofoil along the top section and cups at the bottom section to provide better hold when the foil is partially removed from the water surface  18  (dotted line), especially when reaching as shown in  FIGS. 37 and 39 . At low speeds the bi-foil water foil  12  will stall sooner and have less resistance then a single foil counterpart because of it&#39;s high profile and the leeward water foil blankets the windward foil, which will have less drag when completely stalled as shown in  FIG. 42 . This reduces the likelihood of getting locked in irons when sailing with a forward water foil assembly  10 . When not in use or stowed, the bi-foil water foil  12  is rotated up against the mast  30  as shown in  FIG. 43  and in expanded view  44 . For deployment into the water the bi-foil water foil  12  is manually rotated down and automatically locks in place nearly in-line with the axis of the mast  30  as shown in  FIG. 43  and in expanded view as shown in  FIG. 44 . The water foil locking mechanism consists of screws on each side of the water foil base mount  11  with protruding lock screw heads  14  and matching lock screw holes  15  on each side of the bi-foil water foil  12 . The flexible bi-foil water foil  12  slides on top of the lock screw heads  14  when rotated, except when the lock screw heads  14  and the lock screw holes  15  line up, the lock screw heads  14  go into the lock screw holes  15  which partially locks the bi-foil water foil  12  in place at the proper angle for sailing in the down position as shown in  FIG. 44 . If an underwater obstruction or beach is encountered while sailing, the rotational force of the bi-foil water foil  12  disengages the locking force and the bi-foil water foil  12  rotates freely to clear the obstruction as indicated with dotted lines. The bi-foil water foil  12  can also be manually rotated forward and up against the mast  30  and out of the water for beaching as shown in  FIG. 43 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 45 through 51 , an independent component of the sail rig  70  which is used to control the direction of the boat  80  is the rudder assembly  90 . An existing oar  89  which is normally used for rowing can be used for a rudder assembly  90  on a small boat with minimal sail  20  area, especially on a small inflatable boat not having a solid transom  84 , the oar  89  is attached centrally to the transom  84  using a rudder attachment assembly  99  which consists of two rudder loop lines  82  attached to the life lines of the boat as shown in  FIG. 45 . For a boat  80  having a solid transom  84 , the rudder attachment assembly  99  consists of an oar lock strap  91  attached to the transom  84  with two strap screws  92  having large washers which holds the oar  89  in place, much like a complete oar lock as shown in  FIGS. 46 and 47 . The oar lock strap  91  is made of a flexible strapping material with a loop which flattens down when an outboard motor (not shown in drawings) is mounted on top as shown in  FIG. 48 . For larger boats having a transom  84  and large sail  20  area, a conventional rudder assembly  90  is necessary for added control of the large sail rig  70 . A rudder attachment assembly  99  is used which consists of a solid top gudgeon plate  93  and standard bottom gudgeon  97 . The top gudgeon plate  93  has a gudgeon hole  94  and two gudgeon screw holes  95  for attachment with gudgeon screws  96  as shown in  FIGS. 49 and 51 . The gudgeon plate  93  is permanently screwed onto the top of the transom  84 , and the transom  84  is drilled to continue the gudgeon hole  94  into the transom  84  (shown as a dotted line) for a removable rudder pintle to be inserted. The top gudgeon plate  93  will not interfere with the placement of an outboard motor. The bottom gudgeon  97  is a standard generic gudgeon that is permanently bolted onto the transom  84  used for the removable rudder attachment of the lower rudder pintle. The rudder assembly  90  can use a standard convention single foil rudder attached to the boat  80  using standard pintles (not shown in drawings). Another option and a novel part of this invention and preferred embodiment of the rudder assembly  90  for larger boats with transoms, comprises a bi-foil rudder  98  which has the same type of foil design as the bi-foil water foil  12  attached to the mast  30 , although wider and larger as shown in  FIG. 50 . The bi-foil rudder  98  consists of a rudder body  101  which is manufactured from a cut rectangular extrusion with a bent flange at the bottom having a pintle hole  102  which holds the lower pintle rod  103  and pintle nut  104  assembly for the lower pintle. The rudder tiller  105  is removable and fits into the tiller hole  106  of the rudder body  101  and is secured in place with a tiller bolt  107  and tiller nut  108 . The rudder tiller  105  has a pintle hole  102  to hold the top pintle rod  103  and pintle nut  104  assembly as shown in  FIG. 50 . The bi-foil water foil  12  is attached to the rudder body  101  pivotally through the bi-foil hole  112  in the same manner as the forward bi-foil water foil  12  using a bi-foil bolt  109 , bi-foil washer  110  and bi-foil nut  111 , and having the same water foil locking mechanism with the lock screw heads  14  and lock screw holes  15 . The bi-foil rudder  98  is attached to the transom  84  using the top gudgeon plate  93  and lower gudgeon  97  as shown in  FIG. 51 . 
     The present invention has been fully described by way of example with the accompanying drawings. Various alternations and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and broader aspects of the invention as set forth in the appending claims, which are to be interpreted in accordance with the principles of patent law including the doctrine of equivalents. 
     REFERENCE NUMERAL TABLE 
     Numeral Description  10  water foil assembly  11  water foil base mount  12  bi-foil water foil  13  single water foil  14  lock screw heads  15  lock screw holes  18  water surface  19  base mount bolt  20  sail  21  main sheet  23  luff pocket  24  full length battens  25  luff tape  27  mast groove  30  mast  31  mast attachment assembly  32  bow attachment line  33  bow attachment hole  34  mast plate  35  mast plate holes  36  mast plate screws  37  mast plate bolt  38  mast plate nut  39  mast cleat  40  strut attachment assembly  41  strut attachment clamp  42  strut attachment bolt  43  L-bolt  44  L-bolt nuts  45  shear attachment plate  46  shear attachment plate bolts  47  shear strut attachment plate hole  48  shear strut attachment plate bolt  49  shear strut attachment plate nut  50  strut  51  trapeze wire  52  mast strut attachment assembly  53  lower strut tube  54  upper strut tube  55  locking release mechanism  56  flexible release bar  57  release line  58  lock pin  59  strut locking hole  61  strut end plate  62  strut end plate bolts  63  strut attachment hole  64  strut stop line  65  lower strut knot  66  upper strut knot  67  strut stop ring  68  strut adjustment bolt  69  bow attachment line knot  70  sail rig  81  bow  82  rudder loop lines  83  longitudinal axis  84  transom  85  bow towing ring  86  oar lock  87  oar lock pin  88  oar lock pin nut  98  oar  71  starboard side  72  port side  73  pulley  74  water flow  75  knot cap  76  oar lock hole  80  Boat  90  rudder assembly  91  oar lock strap  92  strap screws  93  top gudgeon plate  94  gudgeon hole  95  gudgeon screw holes  96  gudgeon screws  97  lower gudgeon  98  bi-foil rudder  99  rudder attachment assembly  101  rudder body  102  pintle hole  103  pintle rod  104  pintle nut  105  rudder tiller  106  tiller hole  107  tiller bolt  108  tiller nut  109  bi-foil bolt  110  bi-foil washer  111  bi-foil nut  112  bi-foil hole  130  hydraulic cylinder  131  hydraulic cylinder rod  132  hydraulic cylinder rod pin  133  hydraulic cylinder attachment bolt  134  hydraulic cylinder hose  135  hydraulic cylinder spacer ring  136  vertical axis 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 Reference Numeral Table 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 10 
                 water foil assembly 
               
               
                 11 
                 water foil base mount 
               
               
                 12 
                 bi-foil water foil 
               
               
                 13 
                 single water foil 
               
               
                 14 
                 lock screw heads 
               
               
                 15 
                 lock screw holes 
               
               
                 18 
                 water surface 
               
               
                 19 
                 base mount bolt 
               
               
                 20 
                 sail 
               
               
                 21 
                 main sheet 
               
               
                 23 
                 luff pocket 
               
               
                 24 
                 full length battens 
               
               
                 25 
                 luff tape 
               
               
                 27 
                 mast groove 
               
               
                 30 
                 mast 
               
               
                 31 
                 mast attachment assembly 
               
               
                 32 
                 bow attachment line 
               
               
                 33 
                 bow attachment hole 
               
               
                 34 
                 mast plate 
               
               
                 35 
                 mast plate holes 
               
               
                 36 
                 mast plate screws 
               
               
                 37 
                 mast plate bolt 
               
               
                 38 
                 mast plate nut 
               
               
                 39 
                 mast cleat 
               
               
                 40 
                 strut attachment assembly 
               
               
                 41 
                 strut attachment clamp 
               
               
                 42 
                 strut attachment bolt 
               
               
                 43 
                 L-bolt 
               
               
                 44 
                 L-bolt nuts 
               
               
                 45 
                 shear attachment plate 
               
               
                 46 
                 shear attachment plate bolts 
               
               
                 47 
                 shear strut attachment plate hole 
               
               
                 48 
                 shear strut attachment plate bolt 
               
               
                 49 
                 shear strut attachment plate nut 
               
               
                 50 
                 strut 
               
               
                 51 
                 trapeze wire 
               
               
                 52 
                 mast strut attachment assembly 
               
               
                 53 
                 lower strut tube 
               
               
                 54 
                 upper strut tube 
               
               
                 55 
                 locking release mechanism 
               
               
                 56 
                 flexible release bar 
               
               
                 57 
                 release line 
               
               
                 58 
                 lock pin 
               
               
                 59 
                 strut locking hole 
               
               
                 61 
                 strut end plate 
               
               
                 62 
                 strut end plate bolts 
               
               
                 63 
                 strut attachment hole 
               
               
                 64 
                 strut stop line 
               
               
                 65 
                 lower strut knot 
               
               
                 66 
                 upper strut knot 
               
               
                 67 
                 strut stop ring 
               
               
                 68 
                 strut adjustment bolt 
               
               
                 69 
                 bow attachment line knot 
               
               
                 70 
                 sail rig 
               
               
                 81 
                 bow 
               
               
                 82 
                 rudder loop lines 
               
               
                 83 
                 longitudinal axis 
               
               
                 84 
                 transom 
               
               
                 85 
                 bow towing ring 
               
               
                 86 
                 oar lock 
               
               
                 87 
                 oar lock pin 
               
               
                 88 
                 oar lock pin nut 
               
               
                 98 
                 oar 
               
               
                 71 
                 starboard side 
               
               
                 72 
                 port side 
               
               
                 73 
                 pulley 
               
               
                 74 
                 water flow 
               
               
                 75 
                 knot cap 
               
               
                 76 
                 oar lock hole 
               
               
                 80 
                 Boat 
               
               
                 90 
                 rudder assembly 
               
               
                 91 
                 oar lock strap 
               
               
                 92 
                 strap screws 
               
               
                 93 
                 top gudgeon plate 
               
               
                 94 
                 gudgeon hole 
               
               
                 95 
                 gudgeon screw holes 
               
               
                 96 
                 gudgeon screws 
               
               
                 97 
                 lower gudgeon 
               
               
                 98 
                 bi-foil rudder 
               
               
                 99 
                 rudder attachment assembly 
               
               
                 101 
                 rudder body 
               
               
                 102 
                 pintle hole 
               
               
                 103 
                 pintle rod 
               
               
                 104 
                 pintle nut 
               
               
                 105 
                 rudder tiller 
               
               
                 106 
                 tiller hole 
               
               
                 107 
                 tiller bolt 
               
               
                 108 
                 tiller nut 
               
               
                 109 
                 bi-foil bolt 
               
               
                 110 
                 bi-foil washer 
               
               
                 111 
                 bi-foil nut 
               
               
                 112 
                 bi-foil hole 
               
               
                 130 
                 hydraulic cylinder 
               
               
                 131 
                 hydraulic cylinder rod 
               
               
                 132 
                 hydraulic cylinder rod pin 
               
               
                 133 
                 hydraulic cylinder attachment bolt 
               
               
                 134 
                 hydraulic cylinder hose 
               
               
                 135 
                 hydraulic cylinder spacer ring 
               
               
                 136 
                 vertical axis

Technology Category: 7