Patent Document

FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to electronic mail (“e-mail”) and calendar event scheduling software technology, and more specifically to a method and system for preventing insertion or removal of recipients for a message thread. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    Electronic mail (“e-mail”) systems are an integral part of today&#39;s communication infrastructure for businesses and individuals. In many circumstances, discussions between users performed using e-mail messages result in the formation of what are generally referred to as message “threads”. In an e-mail message thread, recipients of an original message and subsequent replies can participate in the discussion by replying to all recipients of the thread, e.g. all users listed in either the “TO:” or “CC:” field. In existing systems, new recipients are sometimes added to and/or removed from the set of recipients as reply messages are issued within the thread. Such additions and/or removals of recipients are outside the control of the user sending or the original message on which the thread is based. However, in many situations, for example due to the confidential nature of information or other legitimate business requirements, it becomes important to have some restrictions and/or control imposed over the addition and/or removal of recipients in the thread. 
         [0003]    For example, in the case where a user A sends an e-mail message to users B and C. User B uses a “REPLY TO ALL” feature to send a reply message to both user A and user B, and also includes in the recipient list an additional user D. User C then replies to user B&#39;s reply message, again using the “REPLY TO ALL” feature, with the result that user D is included in the recipients for user C&#39;s reply, and in recipients to all subsequent replies generated to C&#39;s reply that are generated using the “REPLY TO ALL” feature. In this way, user D has been added into the conversation being held through the message thread. However, user A, who was the user that generated the original or “root” message of the thread, may have desired that receipt of messages in the thread be kept limited to the three users A, B and C. Existing systems provide no way for user A to conveniently and effectively enforce such a limitation. This problem is also specifically exemplified in the case of electronic calendar event invitations, which are often conveyed using e-mail messages or the like. Existing systems allow for users to add other users to the list of recipients of a calendar event invitation, and then forward the invitation to the expanded recipient list. This prevents an originator of the calendar event invitation from limiting receipt of the invitation to only those users listed as recipients in the original invitation. The standard e-mail client systems, such as Lotus Notes® of International Business Machines, Armonk N.Y., Microsoft Outlook® of Microsoft Corporation, Redmond Wash., and Internet based e-mail systems such as those provided by Yahoo!® and Google® do not effectively address this problem. 
         [0004]    For the above reasons and others it would therefore be desirable to have a new system for providing e-mail communications that enables an originator of a message thread to control the recipients of messages in the thread in terms of whether recipients can be inserted and/or removed without permission. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    To address the above described and other shortcomings of previous solutions, a method and system for preventing recipients from being added to and/or removed from a message thread is disclosed. The disclosed system may be embodied in e-mail and/or electronic calendaring and scheduling applications. The disclosed system may further be embodied to allow a recipient of a thread message to seek and obtain permission from a thread originator to add a recipient to and/or remove a recipient from the thread. 
         [0006]    The disclosed system enables an originating user of a message thread to prevent addition and/or removal of recipients in the context of an e-mail message thread and/or a calendaring system invitation message thread. In one embodiment, the message composition user interface includes display objects that enable a user to select from at least the following thread recipient insertion/deletion control options: 1) “Prevent recipient insertion”, and/or 2) “Prevent recipient removal”. When thread recipient insertion/deletion control options are selected by the originator of an e-mail message or a calendaring system invitation, the disclosed system operates to appropriately control the addition and/or removal of recipients in the message thread. The controls over recipient insertion and/or removal provided by the disclosed system are desirable in situations in which an originating user wants to limit the audience of an e-mail thread, and/or the attendee list of a calendar event, and wants to automatically enforce boundaries on other users in this regard. 
         [0007]    The disclosed system provides a mechanism for persistently registering the recipient removal and/or insertion settings provided by the originating user, for example as settings stored in and conveyed with the messages themselves. 
         [0008]    In another aspect of the disclosed system, the originating user can permit non-originating users to insert and/or remove recipients from the thread. In one embodiment, the originating user can select an option in the message composition user interface that requires non-originating users to request permission to insert a recipient into and/or remove a recipient from a message thread. The requests sent from non-originating users are forwarded to the originating user, who can then accept or reject the requests. 
         [0009]    In another aspect of the disclosed system, the originating user can expressly list or otherwise indicate which user or users cannot be added as recipients into the message thread, and/or which recipients cannot be removed from the message thread. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]    The subject matter regarded as the invention is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the concluding portion of the specification. The invention, both as to organization and method of operation, together with objects, features, and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following detailed description when read with the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0011]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing software and hardware components in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system; 
           [0012]      FIG. 2  is a simplified screen shot showing an example of a new message composition user interface generated in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system; 
           [0013]      FIG. 3  is a simplified screen shot showing an example of a delivery options user interface generated in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system; 
           [0014]      FIG. 4  is a flow chart showing steps performed to send a message including thread recipient insertion/deletion flags in an illustrative embodiment; 
           [0015]      FIG. 5  is a flow chart showing steps performed to prevent thread recipient insertion in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system; 
           [0016]      FIG. 6  is a flow chart showing steps performed to prevent thread recipient removal in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system; and 
           [0017]      FIG. 7  is a flow chart showing steps performed to require recipients to seek permission to insert/remove thread recipients. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       [0018]    As shown in  FIG. 1 , hardware and software components in an operational environment including an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system include client systems  10 ,  18 ,  26  and  34 . Each of the client systems  10 ,  18 ,  26  and  34  includes communication application client software, shown for purposes of illustration as client software  12  in client system  10 , client software  20  in client system  18 , client software  28  in client system  26 , and client software  36  in client system  34 . The communication application client software in each of the client systems of  FIG. 1  generates a user interface for a corresponding user, shown as user interface  14  generated by client software  12  for the originating user  16 , user interface  22  generated by client software  20  for the non-originating user  24 , user interface  30  generated by the client software  28  for the non-originating user  32 , and user interface  38  generated by the client software  36  for the non-originating user  40 . 
         [0019]    The user interfaces  14 ,  22 ,  30 , and  38  may be embodied as any specific type of user interface. For example, in one embodiment, the client software  12 ,  20 ,  28  and  36 , may be made up of dedicated client software associated with a communication application program, such as an electronic mail (“e-mail”) application program, or a calendaring and scheduling application program, and provide a user interface associated with that communication application program as part of a multi-window graphical user interface. Alternatively, the client software  12 ,  20 ,  28  and  36 , may be made up of Web browser programs operable to provide user interfaces to a Web-based e-mail and/or calendaring and scheduling application program within a multi-window graphical user interface. The user interfaces generated by the client software components shown in  FIG. 1  may be navigated using any specific type of user interface device in their respective client system, such as a computer keyboard or mouse, and/or using voice commands or the like. 
         [0020]    The client systems  10 ,  18 ,  26  and  34  shown in  FIG. 1  may each be embodied as a computer system including, for example, at least one processor, program storage, such as memory, for storing program code executable on the processor, one or more input/output devices and/or interfaces, such as data communication and/or peripheral devices and/or interfaces, and may each further include appropriate operating system software. The client systems  10 ,  18 ,  26  and  34  may include any specific type of computer system or other type of client device, such as, for example, desktop computer systems, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), cell phones, tablet PCs, or any other appropriate device capable of providing user interfaces to a user. The client computer systems  10 ,  18 ,  26  and  34  of  FIG. 1  are communicably interconnected through a data communication network, such as the Internet, a Local Area Network (LAN), or any other specific type of communication system or network. 
         [0021]    Those skilled in the art will recognize that while only four client systems are shown in  FIG. 1  for purposes of concise illustration, the disclosed system is not limited to any specific number of interconnected computer systems. Accordingly, the disclosed system may be embodied to support operation using any specific number of communicable computer systems. 
         [0022]    Moreover, while client computer systems are shown in the illustrative embodiment of  FIG. 1 , the disclosed system is not limited to such an embodiment. Accordingly, the functions described in connection with operation of the client systems shown in  FIG. 1  may alternatively be performed partly or wholly within one or more server computer systems and software components executing thereon. 
         [0023]    During operation of the illustrative embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 , the originating user  16  composes an initial message  42  using features provided through the user interface  14 . The initial message  42  composed by the originating user  16  may, for example, be an initial or original message on which a message thread is based. A message thread based on the initial message  42  composed by the originating user  16  is, for example, made up of that initial message  42  and a number of subsequent reply messages generated by recipients of that initial message, and potentially also by the originating user  16 . The initial message composed by the originating user  16  may also be referred to as the “root message” of a message thread built on that message. The recipients of the initial message  42  in the example of  FIG. 1  are shown including the non-originating user  24 , the non-originating user  32 , and the non-originating user  40 . 
         [0024]    The initial message  42  includes a number of thread recipient insertion/deletion control flags. The thread recipient insertion/deletion control flags contained in the initial message  42  control whether recipients can be added to or removed from the recipient list for the initial message  42 . The thread recipient insertion/deletion control flags in the initial message  42  are selected or otherwise indicated by the originating user  16 . In one embodiment, the thread recipient insertion/deletion control flags in the initial message  42  are MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension) flags or the like contained in the initial message  42 . 
         [0025]    In one embodiment of the disclosed system, the thread recipient insertion/deletion control flags in the initial message  42  allow non-originating users to request permission from the originating user  16  to add a recipient into and/or delete a recipient from the recipient list contained in the initial message  42 . When such control flags are set in the initial message  42 , the non-originating users  24 ,  32  and  40  can issue permission request messages  43  that are sent to the originating user  16 . When the permission requests  43  are received by the client system  10 , the originating user  16  is provided with a user interface screen that enables the originating user  16  to either allow or disallow the requested recipient addition and/or removal. In the event that the originating user  16  allows a request to add a recipient into and/or remove a recipient from the recipient list contained in the initial message  42 , an approval message for that request is sent to the client system of requesting non-originating user, which then operates to allow the non-originating user to perform the recipient insertion or removal for which permission was sought. In the event that the originating user  16  disallows the requested recipient insertion and/or removal, a rejection message for that request is sent to the client system of the requesting non-originating user, which then operates to prevent the non-originating user from performing the recipient insertion or removal for which permission was sought. 
         [0026]    Controls over recipient insertion and/or deletion are maintained beyond first order replies to the initial message  42 , and extend to all subsequent messages generated in the message thread based on the initial message  42 . For example, the initial message  42  may be addressed to the set of recipients consisting of the non-originating user  24 , the non-originating user  30 , and the non-originating user  40 . After the initial message  42  is received by the non-originating user  32 , the non-originating user  32  may use a REPLY TO ALL feature of the communication system to generate a new message based on the initial message  42 . That new message would accordingly be sent from the non-originating user  32  to each of the non-originating user  24 , the non-originating user  40 , and the originating user  16 . The new message generated by the non-originating user  32 , and sent using the REPLY TO ALL feature, is an example of a message in the message thread based on the initial message  42 . The new message based generated by the non-originating user  32 , and based on the initial message  42 , is generated such that it includes the recipient insertion/removal control flags from the initial message  42 . 
         [0027]    When the new message generated by the non-originating user  32  is received, the non-originating user  24  may generate another new message in the thread using the REPLY TO ALL feature of the communication system. The non-originating user  32  may attempt to add a recipient to or remove a recipient from the set of recipients indicated by the initial message  42 . However, since the thread recipient insertion/deletion control flags contained in the initial message  42  are also sent with each subsequent message contained in the message thread based on the initial message  42 , the settings of those flags are used by the client software  20  to control such attempted recipient insertion/removal operations. 
         [0028]    For example, when the non-originating user  24  generates a reply to the reply generated by the non-originating user  32 , for example again using the REPLY TO ALL feature, the communication system will initially set up the message such that the recipients are the originating user  16 , the non-originating  32 , and the non-originating user  40 . If the non-originating user  24  then attempts to remove one of those recipients, or attempts to add a new recipient, the client software  20  will check whether the attempted operation is permitted, based on the thread recipient insertion/removal control flags contained in the reply message to the initial message  42 , and received from the non-originating user  32 . The recipient insertion/removal control flats in the reply to the initial message  42  were copied from the initial message  42 . Accordingly, whether the non-originating user  24  is permitted to remove or add a recipient to the message recipients list is determined based on the settings of the recipient insertion/deletion flags contained in the reply of non-originating user  32  to the initial message  42 , which were in turn copied from the recipient insertion/removal control flags contained in the initial message  42 . 
         [0029]      FIG. 2  is a simplified screen shot showing an example of a new message composition user interface  50  generated in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system. The user interface  50  is an example of at least part of the user interface  14  displayed to the originating user  16  by the client software  12 , and enables the originating user  16  to compose the initial message  42  shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         [0030]    As shown in  FIG. 2 , the user interface  50  includes a number of buttons  52  that enable the user to control functions performed by the client software, for example by clicking on the corresponding button using the mouse. The buttons  52  include a SEND button  54  that enables the user to send the message they have composed, a SAVE AS DRAFT button  56  that enables the user to save the composed message as a draft, an ATTACH button  58  that enables the user to attach a document to the message, a DELIVERY OPTIONS button  60  that enables the user to access a number of delivery options to be associated with the message, and an ENCRYPT button  62  that enables the user  16  to cause the message to be encrypted. 
         [0031]    The new message composition user interface  50  further includes addressee fields  64 . The addressee fields  64  enable the user to list the recipients for the message. Using the features of the disclosed system, accessed through the button  60 , the originating user  16  can control whether users are added to or removed from the set of recipients entered by the originating user  16 , when subsequent replies are generated in a message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50 . In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 2 , the addressee fields  64  include a To: field  66  and a Cc: (“Carbon Copy”) field  68 . The disclosed system is not limited to embodiments including the specific addressee fields  64  shown in  FIG. 2 , but may alternatively be embodied using any specific set of address fields. 
         [0032]    Further shown in the new message composition user interface  50  is a Subject: field  70  for the originating user  16  to enter a subject line into with regard to the message being composed, and a message composition region  72  that enables the originating user  16  to enter text and/or other content to be included in the message being composed using the user interface  50 . 
         [0033]      FIG. 3  is a simplified screen shot showing an example of a delivery options user interface  80  generated in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system, for example to the originating user  16  of  FIG. 1  in response to the originating user  16  clicking on the button  60  in the user interface  50  shown in  FIG. 2 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the delivery options user interface  80  includes delivery options  82 . Each of the delivery options  82  enables the originating user  16  to control an aspect of the delivery of the message composed using the user interface  50  shown in  FIG. 2 . While the delivery options  82  are shown as being provided through check boxes in the illustrative embodiment of  FIG. 3 , enabling the originating user  16  to select individual options by clicking on the corresponding check box, the disclosed system is not limited to such an embodiment. Accordingly, any specific type of user interface construct may be used in the alternative to allow the originating user  16  to indicate which of the delivery options  82  are selected for a message. Delivery options  90 ,  92 ,  94 ,  96 ,  98  and  100  enable the user to indicate thread recipient insertion/removal control settings. 
         [0034]    The delivery options  82  in the illustrative embodiment of  FIG. 3  include a “Request delivery receipt” option  84 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Request delivery receipt” option  84  causes a receipt confirmation message to be generated and sent back to the originating user  16  upon receipt of the message by each of the message recipients. 
         [0035]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Request read receipt” option  86 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Request read receipt” option  86  causes a read receipt confirmation message to be generated and sent back to the originating user  16  upon the message being read by each of its recipients. 
         [0036]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Prevent copying” option  88 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Prevent copying” option  88  prevents copying of the message by recipients of the message. 
         [0037]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Prevent all thread recipient insertion” option  90 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Prevent all thread recipient insertion” option  90  prevents any recipients to be added to the set of recipients listed in the addressee fields  64  ( FIG. 2 ) for purposes of replying to the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ), or for purposes of otherwise adding a message in any way to the message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50 . 
         [0038]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Prevent insertion of the following users as thread recipients:” option  92 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Prevent insertion of the following users as thread recipients:” option  92  prevents any of the recipients listed by the originating user  16  in the delivery options user interface  80  from being added to the set of recipients listed in the addressee fields  64  ( FIG. 2 ) for purposes of replying to the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ), or for purposes of otherwise adding a message in any way to the message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50 . 
         [0039]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Prevent all thread recipient removal” option  94 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Prevent all thread recipient removal” option  94  prevents any recipients from being removed from the set of recipients listed in the addressee fields  64  ( FIG. 2 ) for purposes of replying to the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ), or for purposes of otherwise adding a message in any way to the message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ). 
         [0040]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Prevent removal of the following thread recipients:” option  96 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Prevent removal of the following thread recipients:” option  96  prevents removal of the recipients listed by the originating user  16  in the delivery options user interface  80  from the set of recipients listed in the addressee fields  64  ( FIG. 2 ) for purposes of replying to the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ), or for purposes of otherwise adding a message in any way to the message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ). 
         [0041]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Require approval for thread recipient insertion” option  98 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Require approval for thread recipient insertion” option  98  requires approval be obtained from the originating user  16  for any non-originating user to add a new recipient to those recipients listed by the originating user  16  in the addressee fields  64  ( FIG. 2 ) for purposes of replying to the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ), or for purposes of otherwise adding a message in any way to the message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ). 
         [0042]    The delivery options  82  further include a “Require approval for thread recipient removal” option  100 . If selected by the originating user  16 , the “Require approval for thread recipient removal” option  100  requires approval be obtained from the originating user  16  for any non-originating user to remove a recipient from those recipients listed by the originating user  16  in the addressee fields  64  ( FIG. 2 ) for purposes of replying to the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ), or for purposes of otherwise adding a message in any way to the message thread based on the message being composed using the user interface  50  ( FIG. 2 ). 
         [0043]    An “OK” button  102  enables the originating user  16  to submit the selected ones of the delivery options  82  to be applied to the message being composed through the user interface  50  of  FIG. 2 . 
         [0044]    During operation of the embodiment shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , if any one of the non-originating recipients Tom Albert, John White, and/or Bob Ross, generates a reply to the message being composed in the user interface  50 , or to any subsequent message in the message thread based on the message composed through the user interface  50 , their ability to add or remove recipients would be controlled based on thread recipient insertion/removal control settings indicated through the delivery options user interface  80 . Accordingly, any attempt to add a recipient to such a message consisting of a user other than Tom Albert, John White, Bob Ross, or Sam Walters, would be controlled by the indicated thread recipient insertion/removal settings. Similarly, any attempt to remove one of the recipients Tom Albert, John White, Bob Ross or Sam Walters from the recipients of such a message would also be controlled by those thread recipient insertion/removal control settings. 
         [0045]      FIG. 4  is a flow chart showing steps performed to send a message including thread recipient insertion/deletion flags in an illustrative embodiment. In the illustrative embodiment of  FIG. 1 , the steps of  FIG. 4  are performed by the originating user  16  through the user interface  14 , in order to send the initial message  42 . 
         [0046]    As shown in  FIG. 4 , at step  104  the originating user composes an e-mail message or calendar event invitation message. Step  104  may, for example, be performed using the new message composition user interface  50  shown in  FIG. 2 . At step  106 , the originating user indicates thread recipient insertion/removal options to be applied to the message. For example, the originating user may indicate thread recipient insertion/removal settings through the delivery options user interface  80  of  FIG. 3 . At step  108 , the originating user sends the e-mail message or calendar event invitation including representations of the thread recipient insertion/removal settings indicated by the originating user at step  106 . For example, at step  108  a message is sent such as the initial message  42  shown in  FIG. 1 . The representations of the thread recipient insertion/removal settings in the message sent at step  108  may, for example, be MIME flags set within the message, and corresponding to specific insertion/removal settings indicated by the originating user at step  106 . 
         [0047]      FIG. 5  is a flow chart showing steps performed to prevent thread recipient insertion in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system. For example, the steps of  FIG. 5  may be performed by client software executing on the client system of a non-originating user, such as the client software  20 ,  28  or  36  shown in the illustrative embodiment of  FIG. 1 . 
         [0048]    As shown in  FIG. 5 , at step  108  an e-mail message or calendar event invitation is received by one or more non-originating recipients, and includes an indication that recipients cannot be added to the list of recipients in the received message for messages in the message thread based on the received message. Accordingly, when a message recipient generates a reply to the received message, that reply must be addressed to no more than the sender of the message and all other recipients of the received message. Thus at step  110  message recipients are prevented from adding any new recipients to the original recipient list in the received message when generating a reply message, for example using a REPLY TO ALL function or the like in their client software. 
         [0049]      FIG. 6  is a flow chart showing steps performed to prevent thread recipient removal in an illustrative embodiment of the disclosed system. For example, the steps of  FIG. 6  may be performed by client software executing on the client system of a non-originating user, such as the client software  20 ,  28  or  36  shown in the illustrative embodiment of  FIG. 1 . 
         [0050]    As shown in  FIG. 6 , at step  112  an e-mail message or calendar event invitation is received by one or more non-originating recipients, and includes an indication that recipients cannot be removed from the list of recipients in the received message for messages in the message thread based on the received message. Accordingly, when a message recipient generates a reply to the received message, that reply must be addressed to no less than the sender of the message and all other recipients of the received message. Thus at step  114  message recipients are prevented from removing any recipients from the original recipient list in the received message when generating a reply message, for example using a REPLY TO ALL function or the like in their client software. 
         [0051]      FIG. 7  is a flow chart showing steps performed to require recipients to seek permission to insert/remove thread recipients. At step  120 , an originating user composes an e-mail message or calendar event invitation. The originating user indicates through the message composition user interface that approval must be sought from the originating user before a recipient can be added to or removed from the recipient list provided by the originating user. For example, the originating user may indicate that permission must be obtained before a recipient can be added to the message recipient list, that permission must be obtained before a recipient can be removed from the message recipient list, or that permission must be obtained before a recipient is either added to or removed from the message recipient list. Step  120  may, for example, be performed by the originating user  16  through the user interface  14  provided by the client software  12  in the client system  10 . 
         [0052]    At step  122 , a recipient of the original message generated at step  120 , or of a subsequent message in the message thread based on that original message, generates a reply message, e.g. through a REPLY TO ALL feature. The original message recipient also attempts send the reply message to a set of users other than the set of users in the list of recipients in the original message. For example, the original message recipient may attempt to remove a recipient from the list of recipients in the original message, or may attempt to add a recipient to the list of recipients in the original message. However, the client software (e.g. client software  20 ,  28  or  36  of  FIG. 1 ) prevents the original message recipient from modifying the recipient list, based on the thread recipient insertion/removal control settings contained in the original message. For example, the recipient insertion/removal control settings may indicate that approval from the originating user must be obtained before additions and/or deletions can be made to the set of recipients. The client software accordingly sends a permission request message to the originating user, requesting permission to perform the addition to or removal from the recipient list. 
         [0053]    At step  124 , the originating user is presented with the permission request message, and is allowed to either grant or deny permission to make the requested modification to the recipient list. The originating user may be presented with the names of the recipient(s) that is/are to be removed from or added to the recipient list, and/or the name of the user requesting the recipient list modification. In the event that the originating user grants permission for the requested modification, then at step  124  a message granting the requested permission is conveyed back to the client software of the original message recipient that requested the permission. Otherwise, in the event that the originating user denies the requested permission, then at step  124  a message denying the requested permission is conveyed back to the client software of the original message recipient. For purposes of illustration, at step  124  in the  FIG. 7  a message granting the requested permission is conveyed back to the client software of the recipient user that requested the permission. 
         [0054]    At step  126 , the client software of the recipient requesting permission to modify the recipient list receives the response to the request for permission to modify the recipient list. In the example of  FIG. 7 , the permission is granted, and the permission is received at step  126  to modify the recipient list. The client software of the recipient that requested permission to perform the modification to the recipient list then permits the requested modification operation (adding or removing a recipient) to be performed. In the event that the permission were denied, then at step  126  the client software of the recipient would prevent the requested modification operation from being performed. 
         [0055]    The present invention can be realized in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. A system according to the present invention can be realized in a centralized fashion in one computer system, or in a distributed fashion where different elements are spread across several interconnected computer systems. Any kind of computer system or other apparatus adapted for carrying out the methods described herein is suited. A typical combination of hardware and software could be a general purpose computer system with a computer program that, when being loaded and executed, controls the computer system such that it carries out the methods described herein. 
         [0056]    The figures include block diagram and flowchart illustrations of methods, apparatus(s) and computer program products according to an embodiment of the invention. It will be understood that each block in such figures, and combinations of these blocks, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable medium or memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium or memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the block or blocks. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the block or blocks. 
         [0057]    Those skilled in the art should readily appreciate that programs defining the functions of the present invention can be delivered to a computer in many forms; including, but not limited to: (a) information permanently stored on non-writable storage media (e.g. read only memory devices within a computer such as ROM or CD-ROM disks readable by a computer I/O attachment); (b) information alterably stored on writable storage media (e.g. floppy disks and hard drives); or (c) information conveyed to a computer through communication media for example using wireless, baseband signaling or broadband signaling techniques, including carrier wave signaling techniques, such as over computer or telephone networks via a modem. 
         [0058]    While the invention is described through the above exemplary embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that modification to and variation of the illustrated embodiments may be made without departing from the inventive concepts herein disclosed.

Technology Category: 5