[ "Approximately $15,000 per year." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The average Walgreens salary ranges from approximately $15,000 per year for Customer Service Associate / Cashier to $179,900 per year for District Manager. Average Walgreens hourly pay ranges from approximately $7.35 per hour for Laboratory Technician to $68.90 per hour for Pharmacy Manager. Salary information comes from 7,810 data points collected directly from employees, users, and jobs on Indeed.", "The average revenue in 2011 of a Starbuck Store was $1,078,000, up from $1,011,000 in 2010. The average ticket (total purchase) at domestic Starbuck stores in No … vember 2007 was reported at $6.36. In 2008, the average ticket was flat (0.0% change).", "In fiscal 2014, Walgreens opened a total of 184 new locations and acquired 84 locations, for a net decrease of 273 after relocations and closings. How big are your stores? The average size for a typical Walgreens is about 14,500 square feet and the sales floor averages about 11,000 square feet. How do we select locations for new stores? There are several factors that Walgreens takes into account, such as major intersections, traffic patterns, demographics and locations near hospitals.", "th store in 1984, reaching $4 billion in sales in 1987, and $5 billion two years later. Walgreens ended the 1980s with 1,484 stores, $5.3 billion in revenues and $154 million in profits. However, profit margins remained just below 3 percent of sales, and returns on assets of less than 10 percent.", "The number of Walgreen stores has risen from 5,000 in 2005 to more than 8,000 at present. The average square footage per store stood at approximately 10,200 and we forecast the figure to remain constant over our review period. Walgreen earned $303 as average front-end revenue per store square foot in 2012.", "Your Walgreens Store. Select a store from the search results to make it Your Walgreens Store and save time getting what you need. Your Walgreens Store will be the default location for picking up prescriptions, photos, in store orders and finding deals in the Weekly Ad." ], "url": [ "http://www.indeed.com/cmp/Walgreens/salaries", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_average_gross_sales_volume_of_a_single_Walgreen's_Store", "http://news.walgreens.com/fact-sheets/frequently-asked-questions.htm", "http://www.babson.edu/executive-education/thought-leadership/retailing/Documents/walgreens-strategic-evolution.pdf", "http://www.trefis.com/stock/wag/articles/199532/key-trends-driving-walgreens-business/2013-08-07", "http://www.walgreens.com/storelocator/find.jsp?requestType=locator" ] }

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[ "$21,550 per year", "The average hourly wage for a bartender is $10.36 and the average yearly take-home is $21,550." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A bartender’s income is comprised mostly of tips– 55% to be exact. In some states, employers aren’t even required to pay their bartenders the minimum wage and can pay as low as $2.13 per hour, and they depend on their tips almost entirely. Bartending can be a lot of things. For some it is exciting, for others exhausting. At times there is a lot of fun to be had, at others it is rather dull. But for the most part, bartending is almost always rewarding in the financial sense, as long as you stick with it.", "According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average hourly wage for a bartender is $10.36, and the average yearly take-home is $21,550. Bartending can be a lot of things. For some it is exciting, for others exhausting. At times there is a lot of fun to be had, at others it is rather dull. But for the most part, bartending is almost always rewarding in the financial sense, as long as you stick with it.", "About 551,100 individuals are employed as bartenders, with half of this number working part-time. The average annual salary for bartenders is $19,050 or an equivalent of $9.16 per hour, including tips. No formal training is needed for one to get a job as a bartender as all it takes are good customer service skills and a comprehensive knowledge about beverages and recipes. ", "Confidence votes 11. Bartenders in Vegas can make up to $7-$15 wage plus $10-$50 in tips per hour. But that totally depends on personality, gender and outlet. A hot young female can make $1000 a day tending bar in a strip club, but that is very exceptional. A bartender makes as much as a bartender wants to make. I wouldn't say there is a cap on how much a bartender make in one year. If the service is good and the coversation is i … nteresting a bartender can make alot of money. Location is also a big factor.", "Best Answer: An average bartender makes about...2 to 3 dollars an hour. but all the money is made off tips depending on the popularity of the bar. I used to make $700 to $1000 a night. but that is in Atlanta. If the bar is busy and you are a good bartender you will make quite a bit. I dont know how much, because I live in a town with a population of 2000 so there is not alot going on around here. Im sure the bartenders make a hundred to two hundred a night total (on a good night)...just depends.", "Report Abuse. no way to tell you how much bartenders make. in wages anything from minimum to $15 an hour. tips, anywhere from $20 to $300 or more a night. depends on a lot of things. those top dollar jobs only come after a lot of experience. If the bar is busy and you are a good bartender you will make quite a bit. I dont know how much, because I live in a town with a population of 2000 so there is not alot going on around here. Im sure the bartenders make a hundred to two hundred a night total (on a good night)...just depends.", "Pay by Employment Setting. Bartenders who worked in hotels and hotel restaurants generally reported the highest incomes in 2011, an average of $26,180 a year. Bartenders employed in full-service restaurants tended to earn somewhat less, averaging about $22,130 a year. Bartenders employed by bars earned an average of $20,230 per year, and bartenders who worked for civic and social organizations earned an average of $18,970 a year. The median earnings of bartenders during this period were $9.06 an hour and $18,850 a year. Eighty percent of bartenders in the U.S. reported annual incomes of between $16,170 and $31,860.", "Tips make up half or more of bartender's salaries. If a bartender earned $6.00 an hour, their tips generally average out to $12.00 to $18.00 an hour as additional income. A bartender in an average bar will typically earn $15.00 $30.00 an hour between their wages and tips. According to bartending.org, bartenders in a high volume resort or establishment can earn $50,000 to $75,000 per year between hourly wages and tips. Indeed.com 2010 results show bartenders in restaurants at median salary rates can make a good salary per year: Bartender $73,000." ], "url": [ "http://www.breakintobartending.com/how-much-do-bartenders-make/", "http://www.breakintobartending.com/how-much-do-bartenders-make/", "http://careerswiki.com/how-much-do-bartenders-make/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_do_bartenders_in_Las_Vegas_make", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100102233548AAZEutT", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100102233548AAZEutT", "http://work.chron.com/much-bartender-make-annually-7503.html", "http://www.celebritynetworth.com/articles/how-much-does/how-much-does-bartender-make/" ] }

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[ "A boil, also called a furuncle, is a deep folliculitis, infection of the hair follicle.It is most commonly caused by infection by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Knowledge center. A boil, also known as a furuncle is a skin abscess, a painful bump that forms under the skin-it is full of puss. A carbuncle is collection of boils that develop under the skin. When bacteria infect hair follicles they can swell up and turn into boils. ", "When the hair follicle becomes infected, the skin around it also becomes inflamed. The furuncle looks like a red, raised bump on your skin, but can later rupture and weep fluid. Furuncles are most commonly found on the face and neck. You might also develop a boil on your thigh or buttocks. Symptoms of a Furuncle. A furuncle may begin as a benign-looking bump on your skin, similar to a pimple. As the infection worsens, however, the boil can become painful and hard. Bacteria and dead skin cells may then build up underneath the skin, forming pu", "A boil is a skin infection that starts in a hair follicle or oil gland. Also referred to as a skin abscess, it is a localized infection deep in the skin. A boil generally starts as a reddened, tender area. Over time, the area becomes firm and hard. ", "A boil, sometimes also referred to as a furuncle, is an infection involving a hair follicle on the skin. Boils are typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, although they may be caused by other bacteria or fungi present on the skin surface. ", "A boil, also known as a skin abscess or furuncle, is a painful, pus-filled lump that develops on the surface of the skin. Boils can be as small as a pea or as large as a golf ball and can develop on any part of the body. They are usually caused by the infection of a hair follicle or oil gland in the skin. ", "A boil is a red, swollen, painful bump under the skin. It often looks like an overgrown pimple. Boils are often caused by infected hair follicles. Bacteria from the infection form an abscess, or pocket of pus. A boil can become large and cause severe pain. Boils most often happen where there is hair and rubbing. The face, neck, armpits, breasts, groin, and buttocks are common sites. ", "A boil, also called a furuncle, is a deep folliculitis, infection of the hair follicle. It is most commonly caused by infection by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, resulting in a painful swollen area on the skin caused by an accumulation of pus and dead tissue. Signs and symptoms [edit]. Boils are bumpy, red, pus-filled lumps around a hair follicle that are tender, warm, and very painful. They range from pea-sized to golf ball-sized. A yellow or white point at the center of the lump can be seen when the boil is ready to drain or discharge pus.", "A boil is a large infection of a hair follicle, the tiny opening in the skin from which a hair grows. Boils are due to an invasion of ... more 1 ». Boil: Infected puseous hair follicle on the skin. 2 Boil: An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue that consists of a cluster of boils. 3 Commonly, the causative agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. 4 Carbuncles produce fever, leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration" ], "url": [ "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/185421.php", "http://www.healthline.com/symptom/boil", "http://www.medicinenet.com/boils_pictures_slideshow/article.htm", "http://www.healthgrades.com/conditions/boil", "http://www.wikihow.com/Treat-a-Boil", "http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/tc/boils-topic-overview", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boil", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/b/boil/basics.htm" ] }

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[ "Detect and assess a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infection, kidney disease and diabetes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Urinalysis: One way to test for bladder cancer is to check for blood in the urine (called hematuria). This can be done during a urinalysis, which is a simple test to check for blood and other substances in the urine. ", "Urinalysis, also called a routine urine test, is used to check for abnormalities in the urine.Urine is liquid waste, which is made by the kidneys and stored in the bladder until it is eliminated by the body through urination. A number of diseases and conditions can result in abnormalities in the urine. These abnormalities often may be detected through physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Urinalysis may be performed as part of a regular physical examination to screen for early signs of disease.", "Urinalysis is commonly used to diagnose a urinary tract or kidney infection, to evaluate causes of kidney failure, to screen for progression of some chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure (hypertension). It also may be used in combination with other tests to diagnose some diseases. It is a very common test that can be performed in many healthcare settings including doctors' offices, urgent care facilities, laboratories, and hospitals. It is performed by collecting a urine sample from the patient in a specimen cup. Usually only small amounts (30-60 ml's) may be required for urinalysis testing.", "The urinalysis is used as a screening and/or diagnostic tool because it can help detect substances or cellular material in the urine associated with different metabolic and kidney disorders. It is ordered widely and routinely to detect any abnormalities that require follow up. It is used to detect urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other disorders of the urinary tract. In those with acute or chronic conditions, such as kidney disease, the urinalysis may be ordered at intervals as a rapid method to help monitor organ function, status, and response to treatment. ^ Back to top.", "Urinalysis is a test that evaluates a sample of your urine. Urinalysis is used to detect and assess a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infection, kidney disease and diabetes. Urinalysis involves examining the appearance, concentration and content of urine. Abnormal urinalysis results may point to a disease or illness. For example, a urinary tract infection can make urine look cloudy instead of clear. Increased levels of protein in urine can be a sign of kidney disease.", "A urinalysis is simply an analysis of the urine. It is a very common test that can be performed in many healthcare settings including doctors' offices, urgent care facilities, laboratories, and hospitals. It is performed by collecting a urine sample from the patient in a specimen cup. Usually only small amounts (30-60 ml's) may be required for urinalysis testing. The sample can be either analyzed in the medical clinic or sent to a laboratory to perform the tests", "In patients who have kidney disease or diabetes, urine tests are used to monitor the condition. Urinalysis also may be performed to detect a urinary tract infection (UTI) , protein in the urine (proteinuria), or blood in the urine (hematuria), and to diagnose pregnancy. Toxicology screening can be used as part of urinalysis to detect illegal drug use. A number of diseases and conditions can result in abnormalities in the urine. These abnormalities often may be detected through physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Urinalysis may be performed as part of a regular physical examination to screen for early signs of disease.", "Urinalysis is a test that is used to detect disease or illness in the body, such as kidney cancer. During a urinalysis, your doctor will check the appearance and concentration of your urine. Because blood in the urine can be caused by an infection or other benign conditions, before making a cancer diagnosis, we examine the urine cells under a special microscope that allows us to detect cancerous activity, called urine cytology.", "Urinalysis involves checking the appearance and color of the urine (called gross examination). Urine can appear cloudy (turbid), clear, or layered. It can vary in color from pale (almost colorless) yellow to dark yellow, and even red, green, or blue. Infection may cause the urine to be abnormal in color and cloudy. A number of diseases and conditions can result in abnormalities in the urine. These abnormalities often may be detected through physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Urinalysis may be performed as part of a regular physical examination to screen for early signs of disease." ], "url": [ "http://www.cancer.org/cancer/bladdercancer/detailedguide/bladder-cancer-detection", "http://www.healthcommunities.com/urinary-system-tests/urinalysis.shtml", "http://www.medicinenet.com/urinalysis/article.htm", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/urinalysis/tab/test", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/basics/definition/PRC-20020390", "http://www.medicinenet.com/urinalysis/article.htm", "http://www.healthcommunities.com/urinary-system-tests/urinalysis.shtml", "http://www.cancercenter.com/kidney-cancer/urinalysis/", "http://www.healthcommunities.com/urinary-system-tests/urinalysis.shtml" ] }

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[ "Shigellosis, diseases of the nervous system, nose infections, loss of sense of smell, asthma, persistent headaches, kidney stones, overactive thyroid, iron-poor blood (anemia), deafness, ringing in the ears, and precancerous mouth sores." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Since vitamin A is fat-soluble it is not needed in daily, large quantities. Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body in organs such as the liver. Most of the vitamin A that we consume goes to the liver to be stored until it is needed by another part of the body. The vitamin A that we obtain from animal products is called retinoids and can be used by our bodies without any modification. The form of vitamin A found in fruits and vegetables is known as carotenoids. The most common type of carotenoid is-carotene (beta carotene).", "In foods of animal origin, the major form of vitamin A is an ester, primarily retinyl palmitate, which is converted to retinol (chemically an alcohol) in the small intestine. The retinol form functions as a storage form of the vitamin, and can be converted to and from its visually active aldehyde form, retinal. Vitamin A can be found in two principal forms in foods 1 : Retinol, the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance. 2 Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester", "Overview. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, meaning that your body doesn't store it. You have to get what you need from food, including citrus fruits, broccoli, and tomatoes. You need vitamin C for the growth and repair of tissues in all parts of your body", "1 Retinol, the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance. 2 Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester. 3 It is also commercially produced and administered as esters such as retinyl acetate or palmitate. Vitamin A can be found in two principal forms in foods 1 : Retinol, the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance. 2 Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester", "Vitamin A is also used for shigellosis, diseases of the nervous system, nose infections, loss of sense of smell, asthma, persistent headaches, kidney stones, overactive thyroid, iron-poor blood (anemia), deafness, ringing in the ears, and precancerous mouth sores (leukoplakia). It can also be made in a laboratory. Vitamin A is used for treating vitamin A deficiency. It is also used to reduce complications of diseases such as malaria, HIV, measles, and diarrhea in children with", "Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds, that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids, and beta-carotene. Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system and good vision. Vitamin A can be found in two principal forms in foods 1 : Retinol, the form of vitamin A absorbed when eating animal food sources, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance. 2 Since the pure alcohol form is unstable, the vitamin is found in tissues in a form of retinyl ester", "Beta-carotene is a precursor for vitamin A. The body needs to convert it to retinol or vitamin A for use. Beta-carotene is found naturally in mostly orange and dark green plant foods, such as carrots, sweet potatoes, mangos, and kale. Vitamin A is a family of fat-soluble compounds that play an important role in vision, bone growth, reproduction, cell division, and cell differentiation. Vitamin A is important for healthy bones. However, too much vitamin A has been linked to bone loss and an increase in the risk of hip fracture.", "Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. Vitamin A is important for normal vision, the immune system, and reproduction. Vitamin A also helps the heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs work properly. There are two different types of vitamin A. The first type, preformed vitamin A, is found in meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products. The second type, provitamin A, is found in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-based products. The most common type of provitamin A in foods and dietary supplements is beta-carotene", "Two forms of vitamin A are available in the human diet: preformed vitamin A (retinol and its esterified form, retinyl ester) and provitamin A carotenoids [ 1-5 ]. Preformed vitamin A is found in foods from animal sources, including dairy products, fish, and meat (especially liver). By far the most important provitamin A carotenoid is beta-carotene; other provitamin A carotenoids are alpha-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin. A portion of the vitamin A in some supplements is in the form of beta-carotene and the remainder is preformed vitamin A; others contain only preformed vitamin A or only beta-carotene. Supplement labels usually indicate the percentage of each form of the vitamin." ], "url": [ "http://www.myfooddiary.com/Resources/nutrient_facts/nutrient_vitaminA.asp", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/vitamin-c-ascorbic-acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A", "http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-964-VITAMIN%20A.aspx?activeIngredientId=964&activeIngredientName=VITAMIN%20A", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A", "http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Bone_Health/Nutrition/vitamin_a.asp", "http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-Consumer/", "http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/" ] }

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[ "The initiation of cell transformation is generally associated with genetic alterations in normal cells that lead to the loss of intercellular-and/or extracellular-matrix- (ECM-) mediated cell adhesion.", "The initiation of cell transformation is generally associated with genetic alterations in normal cells that lead to the loss of intercellular-and/or extracellular-matrix- (ECM-) mediated cell adhesion." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Fail to stop uncontrolled cell growth. 2 Normal cells know when to stop growing so that you have just the right number of each type of cell. 3 Cancer cells lose the controls (tumor suppressor genes) that tell them when to stop growing. A gene mutation can instruct a healthy cell to: 1 Allow rapid growth. 2 A gene mutation can tell a cell to grow and divide more rapidly. 3 This creates many new cells that all have that same mutation. 4 ", "Oncogenes. Oncogenes cause cells to grow out of control. They promote cancer cell growth. Oncogenes are damaged versions of normal genes called proto-oncogenes proto-oncogenesA normal gene involved in the control of cell growth and division that can mutate (change) and become an oncogene. Mutations can be inherited or caused by exposure to a carcinogen (a substance that causes cancer) in the environment. . ", "A gene mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, such that the sequence differs from what is found in most people. Mutations range in size; they can affect anywhere from a single DNA building block (base pair) to a large segment of a chromosome that includes multiple genes. In some cases, the mutation occurs in a person’s egg or sperm cell but is not present in any of the person’s other cells. In other cases, the mutation occurs in the fertilized egg shortly after the egg and sperm cells unite.", "Tumor suppressor genes are genes that inhibit cell division, survival, or other properties of cancer cells. Tumor suppressor genes are often disabled by cancer-promoting genetic changes. Typically, changes in many genes are required to transform a normal cell into a cancer cell. Cells often die if they are damaged, through failure of a vital process or the immune system; however, sometimes damage will knock out a single cancer gene. In an old person, there are thousands, tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of knocked-out cells.", "Cancer is caused by changes (mutations) to the DNA within cells. The DNA inside a cell is packaged into a large number of individual genes, each of which contains a set of instructions telling the cell what functions to perform, as well as how to grow and divide. Errors in the instructions can cause the cell to stop its normal function and may allow a cell to become cancerous. A gene mutation can instruct a healthy cell to: 1 Allow rapid growth. 2 A gene mutation can tell a cell to grow and divide more rapidly. 3 This creates many new cells that all have that same mutation. 4 Fail to stop uncontrolled cell growth.", "The initiation of cell transformation is generally associated with genetic alterations in normal cells that lead to the loss of intercellular-and/or extracellular-matrix- (ECM-) mediated cell adhesion. Cancer afflicts an organ or a tissue by inducing abnormal and uncontrolled division of cells that either constitute it or migrate to it. At the cellular level, this is caused by genetic alterations in networks that regulate cell division and cell death.", "The gene mutations you're born with and those that you acquire throughout your life work together to cause cancer. For instance, if you've inherited a genetic mutation that predisposes you to cancer, that doesn't mean you're certain to get cancer. Instead, you may need one or more other gene mutations to cause cancer. A gene mutation can instruct a healthy cell to: 1 Allow rapid growth. 2 A gene mutation can tell a cell to grow and divide more rapidly. 3 This creates many new cells that all have that same mutation. 4 Fail to stop uncontrolled cell growth.", "Carcinogenesis or oncogenesis or tumorigenesis is the actual formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. Cells often die if they are damaged, through failure of a vital process or the immune system; however, sometimes damage will knock out a single cancer gene. In an old person, there are thousands, tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of knocked-out cells.", "Tumors and precancerous lesions are heterogeneous cell populations harboring normal stromal and inflammatory cells. The presence of these cells could mask the detection of genetic and gene expression alterations in the cancer cells. " ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/basics/causes/con-20032378", "http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-101/what-is-cancer/cancer-cell-development/?region=on", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/mutationsanddisorders/genemutation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/basics/causes/con-20032378", "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijcb/2012/219196/", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/basics/causes/con-20032378", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis", "http://molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-4598-3-9" ] }

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[ "$2.51 - $3.17 per square foot" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 A lot depends on how much is included and the quality of the final project. 2 Finishing a basement in a relatively new home can start around $20 -$35 a square foot, or $30,000 -$70,000 for 1,500-2,000 square feet -- but it can cost $100,000 or more to create a fully-finished space.", "The cost of a basement is between 10 and 35 dollars per square feet. Let's say an average basement is 1,000 square feet of finished space. So the cost of a basement is between $10,000 and $35,000. 10k if you're doing most of the work yourself and up to $35,000 if you're hiring a contractor to finish your basement. Now.", "There are some options when it comes to finishing a basement, and they all come with a cost. If you choose a basic do-it-yourself makeover, including adding moisture control, framing in walls and adding decor and furnishings, your cost will run between $10,000 and $27,000.", "Expect this type of basement to cost more at least $65,000. A basement finishing system is another option, running $45,000 to $55,000. These out-of-the-box systems include everything from moisture-proof, insulated wall panels to ceilings to lighting.", "1 Adding a basement to an existing house can cost $30,000-$70,000 or more, depending on the size of the existing crawlspace or half-basement or if the house is on a slab foundation, and how much of the work is do-it-yourself and how much is done by contractors.", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Basement Wall Framing project. For a basic 125 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Frame Basement Walls ranges between $2.51 - $3.17 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project:" ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/basement-remodeling.html", "http://www.ifinishedmybasement.com/getting-started/cost-of-a-basement/", "http://www.hgtv.com/remodel/interior-remodel/basement-finishing-costs", "http://www.hgtv.com/remodel/interior-remodel/basement-finishing-costs", "http://home.costhelper.com/basement.html", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_frame_basement_walls.html" ] }

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[ "It is one of the five factions in the world of Divergent, the one and only faction dedicated to knowledge, intelligence, curiosity, and astuteness." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Erudite. Erudite was formed by those who blamed human ignorance for the faults of society. They formed Erudite as a way of eliminating ignorance and darkness from human minds. Their symbol is a single blue eye that most likely represents their knowledge of the world. Erudite’s leader is Jeanine Matthews, proven to be the smartest member of the faction based on her IQ level. ", "Candor is one of the five factions in the world of Divergent, and was formed by those who blamed duplicity and deception for human nature's faults. Because of this, the Candor are known to value honesty, and their symbol is a set of unbalanced scales bound by a circle. Their substance in the Choosing Ceremony is glass. ", "Erudite: Welcome to the Erudite headquarters-where we are smart and we know it. Erudite is the most intelligent of the Divergent Factions and thus we are poised to best lead the other groups. To pledge your allegiance to Erudite, please Like our Facebook Page.Please feel free to explore our forum and recommended articles found below. ", "20 pages on this wiki. Erudite is one of the five factions of Divergent, and, as the name suggests, the one dedicated to knowledge, intelligence, and scholarliness. Erudite symbol. Erudite's designated color is blue, and it is symbolized by an eye. ", "The factions are Dauntless (the brave), Amity (the peaceful), Erudite (the intelligent), Abnegation (the selfless), and Candor (the honest), all of which have a serum to keep their faction under control. ", "Erudite is one of the five factions in Veronica Roth's Divergent series. The people of Erudite are curious, intelligent, and very smart. If you wish to live like these people, read on! ", "In Divergent, society is divided into 5 factions, each dedicated to the cultivation of a particular virtue. Faction: 1. a group or clique within a larger group, party, government, organization, or the like. 2. party strife and intrigue. (of a sequence, series, etc.) to have no unique limit; to have infinity as a limit. 4. to turn aside or deviate, as from a path, practice, or plan. DIVERGENCE: is the tendency to the diverge from the norm which is, in this case, the mindset and way of thinking the factions are meant for.", "The smart ones, the ones value knowledge and logic are Erudite. They know everything. . Erudite is one of the five factions in the world of Divergent, the one and only faction dedicated to knowledge, intelligence, curiosity, and astuteness. It was formed by those who blamed ignorance for the war that had occurred in the past, causing them to split into factions in the first place. They also use Dauntless as their soldiers near the end of Divergent. They have a close relationship with Amity, but Amity are not involved in the war because they are the peace faction. No relationship is stated between Erudite and Candor.", "Erudite: The Intelligent We submit the following statements as truth: “ 1 Ignorance” is defined not as stupidity but as lack of knowledge. 2 Lack of knowledge inevitably leads to lack of understanding. 3 Lack of understanding leads to a disconnect among people with differences. 1 Blame ignorance for the worlds problems. 2 Blue signifies their faction because they believe that the color releases a calming chemical effect, and that “a calm mind is a clear mind.”. 3 Erudite pursued knowledge and ingenuity for the sake of doing good. 4 But it led to a greed for" ], "url": [ "https://divergentfaction.wordpress.com/factions/erudite/", "http://divergent.wikia.com/wiki/Candor", "http://www.divergentfactions.com/erudite.html", "http://initiate.wikia.com/wiki/Erudite", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factions_(Divergent)", "http://www.wikihow.com/Act-Like-You-Live-in-Erudite-%28Divergent%29", "http://www.divergentlife.com/p/factions.html", "http://divergent.wikia.com/wiki/Erudite", "http://www.divergentlexicon.com/factions/erudite" ] }

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[ "The kidney cells generally prevent large molecules including proteins, from being excreted." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Albumin is a protein present in the blood. Proteins are normally absent in urine because the kidney cells generally prevent large molecules including proteins, from being excr … eted. Albumin in your urine may be an early sign of kidney problems although some people have small amounts of albumin in their urine normally.", "A normal amount of albumin in your urine is less that 20 mg a day. A normal total protein amount in your urine is less that 150 mg a day. If your test shows high levels of urine albumin, or a rise in urine albumin, it could mean you have kidney damage or disease.", "Guide. An albumin test checks urine for a protein called albumin. Albumin is normally found in the blood and filtered by the kidneys. When the kidneys are working as they should, there may be a very small amount of albumin in the urine. But when the kidneys are damaged, abnormal amounts of albumin leak into the urine. This is called albuminuria.", "Share. Albumin is a protein present in the blood. Proteins are normally absent in urine because the kidney cells generally prevent large molecules including proteins, from being excreted. Some proteins may appear in the urine in normal individuals also if blood levels are very high. In kidney diseases, albumin will appear in the urine even with normal blood levels.", "Albumin is a protein present in the blood. Proteins are normally absent in urine because the kidney cells generally prevent large molecules including proteins, from being excreted. Some proteins may appear in the urine in normal individuals also if blood levels are very high. In kidney diseases, albumin will appear in the urine even with normal blood levels." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_albumin_absent_in_urine", "http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID=albumin_urine", "http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/microalbumin-urine-test", "http://doctor.ndtv.com/topicdetails/ndtv/tid/50/Urine-albumin.html", "http://doctor.ndtv.com/topicdetails/ndtv/tid/50/Urine-albumin.html" ] }

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[ "Bodega Lane, Bodega, Northern California." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The greatest films The Greatest and the Best in Cinematic History www.filmsite.org. The Birds (1963) Pages: (1) (2) (3) (4) Background The Birds (1963) is a modern Hitchcock thriller/masterpiece, his first film with Universal Studios. It is the apocalyptic story of a northern California coastal town filled with an onslaught of seemingly unexplained, arbitrary and chaotic attacks of ordinary birds-not birds of prey. ", "The location scenes in the Alfred Hitchcock-directed film, The Birds (1963), were filmed in Bodega Bay. The town markets itself with the film in many ways, including its Birds-themed Visitors' Center. The location was also featured in the cult horror movie Puppet Master (1989). Bodega Bay has served as a location for several major films: 1 The Birds (1963) Except for a short sequence at the beginning filmed in San Francisco, most of the film's exterior scenes were filmed around the two towns of Bodega (a small inland village) and Bodega Bay (a larger village on the bay).", "The Birds is a 1963 horror thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, loosely based on the 1952 story The Birds by Daphne du Maurier. The film features the screen debut of Tippi Hedren. It also starred Rod Taylor, Jessica Tandy, Suzanne Pleshette and Veronica Cartwright. The screenplay was by Evan Hunter.", "After filming “Shadow of A Doubt” in Santa Rosa in 1948, Alfred Hitchcock returned to Sonoma County in 1961 to find a remote coastal location for his next project “The Birds.” He chose Bodega Bay, with surrounding bleak treeless hills, quiet fishing harbor and fog. Based on a short story by Daphne DuMaurier, the original story took place in an English seashore village where murderous birds attacked the local villagers. Evan Hunter, who had written “The Blackboard Jungle” and “Last Summer” wrote the screenplay; Alfred Hitchcock financed the film from his successful television show.", "Hitchcock's The Birds Shot Here. Bodega, California. Bodega Bay, north of San Francisco and Marin County, is reminiscent of a New England fishing village, even after decades of luxury home development on the hillsides. This area was the location for exterior scenes in Alfred Hitchcock's film, The Birds, where our feathered friends go psycho, pecking townspeople to death.", "The Birds filming location: the Schoolhouse: Bodega Lane, Bodega, Northern California. Alfred Hitchcock ’s film of the Daphne du Maurier short story (originally set in Cornwall, England) uses lots of process (special effects) shots but, as usual, the director plays fair with the geography. The Birds filming location: the restaurant: Tides Wharf and Restaurant, Bodega Bay, Northern California. The Tides Wharf & Restaurant, in which the assorted locals shelter from the bird attacks, has expanded into an unrecognisable hotel complex since the film was made. The big surprise is that there is no town.", "1 The Birds (1963) Except for a short sequence at the beginning filmed in San Francisco, most of the film's exterior scenes were filmed around the two towns of Bodega (a small inland village) and Bodega Bay (a larger village on the bay). Bodega Bay has served as a location for several major films: 1 ", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Birds is a 1963 horror thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock, loosely based on the 1952 story The Birds by Daphne du Maurier. It focuses on a series of sudden and unexplained violent bird attacks on the people of Bodega Bay, California over the course of a few days. The film features the screen debut of Tippi Hedren. It also starred Rod Taylor, Jessica Tandy, Suzanne Pleshette and Veronica Cartwright. The screenplay was by Evan Hunter.", "Filming location of Alfred Hitchcock's famous thriller The Birds (1963) - Bodega Bay, N. California, summer of 2007. 1 The Birds. 2 Travel & Events. " ], "url": [ "http://www.filmsite.org/bird.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodega_Bay,_California", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Birds_(film)", "http://www.bodegabay.com/index.php/visitor-info/articles-reviews-and-stories/41-the-birds-and-bodega-bay", "http://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/12655", "http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/b/birds.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodega_Bay,_California", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Birds_(film)", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAQQWPEcgxQ" ] }

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[ "$306", "The cost for filing a Chapter 7 bankruptcy is $306.\nThe fee of $281 for a Chapter 13 bankruptcy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "People in Northern Virginia were hit hard by the 2005 bankruptcy law. That law set a new test for eligibility to file Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Instead of looking to see if you can really afford to pay your debts, the bankruptcy court uses an average budget to decide if you should be forced to pay. People in Northern Virginia and the 2005 Bankruptcy Law. (Stafford, Fairfax, Loudoun, Arlington and Prince William.) That means people in Northern Virginia are at a big disadvantage trying to qualify for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Here’s the good news: We have nine years of experience helping people in Northern Virginia with", "Credit Counseling. Before you file for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy in West Virginia, you will have to complete mandatory credit counseling with an agency that’s been approved by the United States Trustee’s Office. Where to File. The United States Bankrutpcy Court divides West Virginia into two districts. In the Northern District, the bankruptcy courts are located in Wheeling and Clarksburg. In the Southern District, the bankruptcy courts are in Charleston, Beckley, and Huntington.", "If you want to file for bankruptcy in Virginia, you will need to include some Virginia-specific information on your bankruptcy forms. You’ll also need to know about the Virginia exemptions because federal exemptions are not available to you in Virginia. Much of this information is available online. ", "The filing fee for a chapter 13 repayment plan is $281. Since you need to have sufficient income to make plan payments in order to qualify for a chapter 13 bankruptcy, the filing fee cannot be waived. Under very unusual circumstances, you may be able to pay the filing fee as part of your chapter 13 plan.", "When you file for bankruptcy, you must compare your income to the median income for a household of your size in Virginia. If your income is less than the median, you will be eligible to file for Chapter 7 and, if you choose to file for Chapter 13, you can use a three-year repayment plan (rather than five years). Credit Counseling. Before you file for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Virginia, you will have to complete mandatory credit counseling with an agency that’s been approved by the United States Trustee’s Office. Here’s a list of agencies in Virginia that have been approved to provide this counseling.", "If your creditors or the judge feel or find out that you have not been entirely forthcoming in your bankruptcy filing, it could jeopardize the outcome of your petition. The cost for filing a Chapter 7 bankruptcy is $306. This fee may not be waived but you may be able to pay it in installments. The fee of $281 for a Chapter 13 bankruptcy cannot be waived. Chapter 13 Requirements. If you are filing a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, a proposed repayment plan must also be submitted. Generally, this is the value of all the nonexempt property you own (see Virginia bankruptcy exemptions). 3) All disposable income must be paid into the plan for at least three years (you may use up to five years in order to meet the second test that you pay at least as much as in a Chapter 7).", "When you file for bankruptcy, you must compare your income to the median income for a household of your size in West Virginia. If your income is less than the median, you will be eligible to file for Chapter 7 and, if you choose to file for Chapter 13, you can use a three-year repayment plan (rather than five years). Where to File. The United States Bankrutpcy Court divides West Virginia into two districts. In the Northern District, the bankruptcy courts are located in Wheeling and Clarksburg. In the Southern District, the bankruptcy courts are in Charleston, Beckley, and Huntington.", "It now costs $306 to file for bankruptcy under chapter 7 and $281 to file for bankruptcy under chapter 13, whether for one person or a married couple. The court may allow you to pay this filing fee in installments if you cannot pay all at once. Bankruptcy is a legal proceeding in which an individual who cannot pay his or her bills can get a fresh financial start. The right to file for bankruptcy is provided by federal law, and all bankruptcy cases are handled in federal court." ], "url": [ "http://robertweed.com/changes-in-virginia-bankruptcy-laws/", "http://www.thebankruptcysite.org/state/west-virginia.html", "http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/filing-bankruptcy-virginia.html", "http://www.bankruptcyinformation.com/FAQ-7.htm", "http://www.thebankruptcysite.org/state/virginia.html", "http://www.virginia-bankruptcy.com/process.html", "http://www.thebankruptcysite.org/state/west-virginia.html", "http://www.virginia-bankruptcy.com/faq.html" ] }

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[ "The hummingbird moth is an enchanting insect. Many mistake it for a hummingbird, it is that charming! On summer evenings, my husband and I sit outside in front of our flower garden watching hummingbirds." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Hummingbird Moth. The hummingbird moth is an enchanting insect. Many mistake it for a hummingbird, it is that charming! On summer evenings, my husband and I sit outside in front of our flower garden watching hummingbirds. Also, we have the pleasure of viewing these moths, a creature that resembles a hummingbird in many ways. There are 2 usual suspects that are categorized as hummingbird moths: 1) The Clearwing Moth (Scientic Name-Hemaris thysbe). The Clearwing moth is a beautiful insect", "Also called hawk moths, sphinx moths, clearwing moths and bee-hawk moths, and in the caterpillar stage, they are called hornworms. Hummingbird moths share a lot of common characteristics with hummingbirds, which often leads to confusion if backyard birders aren't aware that these distinct moths may be nearby. 1 Flocks: Hummingbirds are more aggressive than moths, and while some flocks may form at feeding areas, it is more common to see hummingbirds alone. 2 Hummingbird moths, however, are more likely to travel together and show no aggression toward other moths.", "Some people have been puzzled lately by a hummingbird-like moth in flower gardens. They have been watching a hummingbird moth. This common moth has a 1 ½ to 2 1/4 inch wingspan. Sometimes called a hummingbird clearwing, this moth lacks scales on most of it wings except for a dark border around the edge of the wings. This moth hovers and darts about acrobatically in flower gardens, like a hummingbird", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Hemaris thysbe, commonly known as the hummingbird clearwing, is a moth of the Sphingidae (hawkmoth) family. Coloration varies between individuals, but typically the moth is olive green and burgundy on its back, and white or yellow and burgundy on the underside. ", "Hemaris thysbe. The Hummingbird Moth, unlike most moths, is seen on clear, sunny days. Many people do confuse it with hummingbirds because of its coloration and how it moves. Hummingbird Moths grow up to two inches long. They have an olive-green body with red bands across their abdomen. ", "There are two types of North American Hummingbird Moths: the Snowberry Clearwing Moth which looks very much like a bumblebee, and the Hummingbird Clearwing Moth which I am describing here. The Hummingbird Clearwing has a wide range across the US including sightings in Maine, Alaska, Florida and Texas. ", "I saw a moth that looks like a hummingbird. What you have seen is one of a number of moth species commonly called hummingbird, sphinx, or hawk moths. Look under the Family Sphingidae or browse images on our web site for common examples in North America. ", "The term hummingbird moth is a general term applied to many medium to large moths in the Sphingidae family and Hemaris genus of moths. There are more than 1,200 species of these moths worldwide, and roughly 125 of them can be seen regularly in North America. 1 Flocks: Hummingbirds are more aggressive than moths, and while some flocks may form at feeding areas, it is more common to see hummingbirds alone. 2 Hummingbird moths, however, are more likely to travel together and show no aggression toward other moths.", "Hummingbird moths are good hummingbird mimics. Dwight Sipler. Hummingbirds can be exciting to see, but more than one backyard birder has been disappointed to discover they may not be looking at a bird at all – hummingbird moths are fantastic hummingbird imposters. 1 Flocks: Hummingbirds are more aggressive than moths, and while some flocks may form at feeding areas, it is more common to see hummingbirds alone. 2 Hummingbird moths, however, are more likely to travel together and show no aggression toward other moths." ], "url": [ "http://www.hummingbird-guide.com/hummingbird-moth.html", "http://birding.about.com/od/birdingbasics/a/Hummingbird-Moths.htm", "http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/insects/find/its-a-hummingbird-its-a-moth-its-a-what/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemaris_thysbe", "http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/hummingbird_moth.htm", "http://hedgerowrose.com/nature/pollinators/2011/07/13/what-is-a-hummingbird-moth/", "http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/faq/i-saw-moth-looks-hummingbird-what-it", "http://birding.about.com/od/birdingbasics/a/Hummingbird-Moths.htm", "http://birding.about.com/od/birdingbasics/a/Hummingbird-Moths.htm" ] }

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[ "Specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Western blot. A western blot is a laboratory method used to detect specific protein molecules from among a mixture of proteins. This mixture can include all of the proteins associated with a particular tissue or cell type. The first step in a western blot is to prepare the protein sample by mixing it with a detergent called sodium dodecyl sulfate, which makes the proteins unfold into linear chains and coats then with a negative charge.", "The immunoblot is a laboratory test that looks for antibodies the body makes against different molecules, or “antigens,” that are part of the Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria. Western Blots were the first type of immunoblot developed for Lyme disease testing. ", "Western blot. This is an immunoassay test method that detects specific proteins in blood or tissue. It combines an electrophoresis step with a step that transfers (blots) the separated proteins onto a membrane. ", "Western Blotting. Western blot analysis can detect one protein in a mixture of any number of proteins while giving you information about the size of the protein. It does not matter whether the protein has been synthesized in vivo or in vitro. You will use this antibody as a probe to detect the protein of interest. Western blotting tells you how much protein has accumulated in cells. If you are interested in the rate of synthesis of a protein, Radio-Immune Precipitation (RIP) may be the best assay for you.", "The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern.", "A series of blood screenings are performed to test for HIV. The enzyme-linked immuno assay (ELISA or EIA) is the first test that your doctor will order to screen for HIV. ELISA and the Western blot test detect HIV antibodies in your blood. Antibodies are proteins your immune system produces in response to the presence of foreign substances such as viruses. If you test positive for HIV with the Western blot test, you probably have HIV. Sometimes, HIV does not show up on the ELISA test even though you are infected. This can happen if someone is in the early stages of the infection, and his or her body has not produced enough antibodies to the virus for the tests to detect.", "Western blot using an antibody that recognizes proteins modified with lipoic acid. The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern.", "Eastern blotting is an extension of western blotting and is used in the detection of protein post-translational modifications. Eastern blotting is used to detect lipoylated, glycosylated or phosphorylated proteins or proteins with other post translational modifications. ", "Like the ELISA procedure, the western blot is an antibody detection test. However, unlike the ELISA method, the viral proteins are separated first and immobilized. In subsequent steps, the binding of serum antibodies to specific HIV proteins is visualized. " ], "url": [ "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/Western-blot-288", "http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/diagnosistesting/LabTest/TwoStep/WesternBlot/index.html", "https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/features/methods/start/3", "https://askabiologist.asu.edu/western-blotting", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_blot", "http://www.healthline.com/health/elisa-western-blot-tests-for-hiv", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_blot", "https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Proteins/Western_Blotting", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosis_of_HIV/AIDS" ] }

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[ "It is a compressed, flavor-concentrated cube of dehyrated meat, poultry, fish, or vegetable stock.Bouillon granuales are the granular form of the dehydrated concentrate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It is typically made from dehydrated vegetables, meat stock, a small portion of fat, salt and seasonings, shaped into a small cube. Vegetarian and vegan types are also made. Bouillon is also available in both granular or powdered form. (February 2008). Various bouillon cubes. A bouillon cube /ˈbuːjɒn/ (Canada and US) or stock cube (Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, UK) or broth cube (Philippines) is dehydrated bouillon (French for broth) or stock formed into a small cube about 15 mm wide.", "A bouillon cube is dehydrated stock formed into a small cube or dried granules. When you want to use one, you just add boiling water. There are a range of different flavors available. I find the most useful ones are chicken, vegetable, beef and fish. You can get others including lamb, shrimp, duck and tomato. Store bought stock/broth and bouillon cubes can be VERY salty. Many people cook rick with stock instead of water. You may want to cut back on the salt in your recipe if you are substituting the water for stock. Reviewers often say the best broth/stock on the market is the Swanson brand name, which comes in liquid form.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Broth is a liquid food preparation, typically consisting of water, in which bones, meat, fish, cereal grains, or vegetables have been simmered. Broth is used as a basis for other edible liquids such as soup, gravy, or sauce. In Britain, a broth is defined as a soup in which there are solid pieces of meat or fish, along with some vegetables. A broth is usually made with a stock or plain water as its base, with meat or fish added while being brought to a boil, and vegetables added later.", "When making soups, stews, sauces, stir fries, casseroles, etc. the recipe often says to add chicken, fish, beef, or vegetable stock or broth. Broth is the strained liquid left from cooking vegetables, meat, or fish in water. It is often used as a synonym for bullion. Stock is basically the same thing but cooked more slowly and has a more intense flavor than broth. Bouillon cubes or granules are compressed stock that needs to be dissolved before using. Store bought stock/broth and bouillon cubes can be VERY salty. Many people cook rick with stock instead of water. You may want to cut back on the salt in your recipe if you are substituting the water for stock. Reviewers often say the best broth/stock on the market is the Swanson brand name, which comes in liquid form.", "2. Use 1 tsp mix plus one cup of water to make 1 cup of broth in a recipe. You may substitute this for chicken broth/bouillon in recipes as well. 1 tsp is the equivalent of 1 bouillon cube. ", "To use, mix 1 teaspoon Homemade Vegetable Bouillon with 1 cup water. TO MAKE VEGETABLE STOCK from the SCRAPS Before starting, get out a large pot or a Dutch oven to collect leftover vegetables to make a fresh vegetable stock and collect them while trimming the vegetables. Today's vegetable recipe: How to make bouillon from scratch using fresh vegetables, a few herbs, lots of salt and a food processor. No cooking required! Keeps in the freezer for everyday use, makes a great homemade food gift. 1 TASTE Imagine the very best vegetable stock you can imagine, fresh, lively, delicious.", "Any broth made by cooking meat, poultry, fish, or vegetables in water. The liquid strained off after cooking is bouillon. A bouillon cube is a compressed, flavor-concentrated cube of dehyrated meat, poultry, fish, or vegetable stock. Bouillon granuales are the granular form of the dehydrated concentrate. Plural: B", "Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically for chicken broth, beef broth, and vegetable broth. Dehydrated meat stock, in the form of tablets, is called a bouillon cube. In Britain, a broth is defined as a soup in which there are solid pieces of meat or fish, along with some vegetables. A broth is usually made with a stock or plain water as its base, with meat or fish added while being brought to a boil, and vegetables added later." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouillon_cube", "http://startcooking.com/whats-a-bouillon-cube", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broth", "http://startcooking.com/whats-a-bouillon-cube", "http://wholenewmom.com/whole-new-budget/vegetable-broth-recipe/", "http://kitchen-parade-veggieventure.blogspot.com/2010/01/homemade-vegetable-bouillon-recipe.html", "http://www.food.com/about/bouillon-575", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broth" ] }

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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In short, for the 2015/2016 year, there are 2 annual concessional contributions caps you need to be aware of when considering before-tax contribution strategies, namely: 1 $30,000 cap for anyone aged 48 or under as at 30 June 2015. 2 $35,000 cap for anyone aged 49 years or over as at 30 June 2015. Each type of super contribution is subject to a contributions cap. A contributions cap sets a limit on the amount of contributions you can make in any one year. This article explains all of the important rules that apply to concessional contributions.", "(For the 2014/2015 year, and for the 2015/2016 year, the federal government places up to $500 of tax-free super money into your super fund when you make a $1,000 after-tax contribution. See the SuperGuide article Cashing in on the co-contribution rules (2015/2016 year) . Each type of super contribution is subject to a contributions cap. A contributions cap sets a limit on the amount of contributions you can make in any one year. This article explains all of the important rules that apply to concessional contributions.", "If you earn over $18,200 a year you start paying income tax – 19c for each dollar over $18,200. If you earn over $37,000 it jumps to 32.5c to the dollar and so on. Salary sacrifice into your super lets you put your salary into your super at a contribution tax rate (CTR) of a flat 15%. The amount of your taxable income is therefore reduced and may drop to a lower Marginal Tax Rate (MTR).", "For the 2015/2016 year: If you’re aged 49 years or older on the 30 June 2015, then you can contribute up to $35,000 a year in concessional contributions for the 2015/2016 year. For more information on the general bring-forward rules see SuperGuide article Super contributions: Beef up using a bring forward. Example: For the 2013/2014 year, you could make up to $450,000 in one year, representing your cap for that financial year, and the following two years (2014/2015 and 2015/2016 year).", "The salary sacrificing or “concessional” cap for superannuation is to be increased to $30,000 for the 2014-15 year, from $25,000 now. The cap is is the limit on how much can be salary sacrificed into super in a financial year and includes the compulsory super paid by employers. Salary sacrificing is a powerful way to save for retirement for most people as the contributions tax on super is 15 per cent compared with your marginal income tax rate.", "For the 2015/2016 year: If you’re aged 48 years or younger on the 30 June 2015, you can contribute up to $30,000 a year in concessional contributions for the 2015/2016 year. Refer table below. For more information on the general bring-forward rules see SuperGuide article Super contributions: Beef up using a bring forward. Example: For the 2013/2014 year, you could make up to $450,000 in one year, representing your cap for that financial year, and the following two years (2014/2015 and 2015/2016 year).", "If you earn below $37,000 there may be limited advantage in a salary sacrifice arrangement because the tax rate on your salary is only a few percentage points more than the tax on your super contributions. A Government co-contribution could be a more effective way to boost your super. 1 You cannot salary sacrifice award payments. 2 You cannot salary sacrifice bonus or commission payments after they have been earned. 3 There’s a limit of $30,000 a year for those aged under 50 and $35,000 a year for those aged 50 and over for all before-tax", "Case study: Crystal boosts her super by salary sacrificing. Crystal earns $90,000 before tax, excluding her employer's super contribution. If Crystal decides to redirect $10,000 of her pay into salary sacrifice super contributions, she will save $2,400 in tax, with the extra money going into her super fund. If you earn more than $37,000, salary sacrifice can be a good way to grow your super. It involves giving up some of your pay and putting it into your super instead. You will save tax and boost your super. Salary sacrificing is when you ask your employer to redirect a portion of your pay as a contribution to super.", "There is a limit on how much you can put into super each year by salary sacrifice. Most people can contribute up to $30,000, including your employer's 9.5% super guarantee contribution. This is called the concessional contributions cap. If you earn more than $37,000, salary sacrifice can be a good way to grow your super. It involves giving up some of your pay and putting it into your super instead. You will save tax and boost your super. Salary sacrificing is when you ask your employer to redirect a portion of your pay as a contribution to super.", "For the 2014/2015 year: If you’re aged 48 years or younger on the 30 June 2014, you can contribute up to $30,000 a year in concessional contributions for the 2014/2015 year (for previous years the cap was $25,000). For more information on the general bring-forward rules see SuperGuide article Super contributions: Beef up using a bring forward. Example: For the 2013/2014 year, you could make up to $450,000 in one year, representing your cap for that financial year, and the following two years (2014/2015 and 2015/2016 year)." ], "url": [ "http://www.superguide.com.au/boost-your-superannuation/super-concessional-contributions-survival-guide", "http://www.superguide.com.au/boost-your-superannuation/super-concessional-contributions-survival-guide", "http://www.wasuper.com.au/super/growing-your-super/salary-sacrifice/", "http://www.superguide.com.au/boost-your-superannuation/super-contributions-caps-2015-2016-year", "http://www.smh.com.au/money/super-and-funds/super-cap-to-be-lifted-to-30000-for-all-20140228-33pi3.html", "http://www.superguide.com.au/boost-your-superannuation/super-contributions-caps-2015-2016-year", "https://www.australiansuper.com/superannuation/adding-to-my-super/make-salary-sacrifice-payment.aspx", "https://www.moneysmart.gov.au/superannuation-and-retirement/how-super-works/super-contributions/contributing-extra-to-super", "https://www.moneysmart.gov.au/superannuation-and-retirement/how-super-works/super-contributions/contributing-extra-to-super", "http://www.superguide.com.au/boost-your-superannuation/super-contributions-caps-2015-2016-year" ] }

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[ "Tom cruise is flirting with, Rebecca Ferguson to rebuild his image." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Domingo said that even if Holmes left Cruise to protect her daughter from the church, he likely won't give up on bringing her back to the religion. According to Scientology doctrine, Katie has denied Suri her spiritual eternity in the church. There's no chance for her now, Domingo explained to Vanity Fair. Tom Cruise admits Katie Holmes left to protect Suri from Scientology. Tom Cruise admits Scientology may have caused split with Katie Holmes-and ... Tom Cruise Admits Scientology Contributed to Katie Holmes Split.", "Right now, Tom Cruise will do anything to repair his image, including attempting to date someone who looks eerily like his ex-wife, Nicole Kidman. According to new reports, Tom is flirting heavily with his Mission Impossible 5 co-star, Rebecca Ferguson. ", "EXCLUSIVE. Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes want nothing to do with each other ... to the point they don't speak to one another, even about Suri. Sources close to both Tom and Katie tell us they do not communicate at all. There are no direct co-parenting discussions. ", "Tom Cruise has admitted that Katie Holmes filed for divorce in part because of his involvement in the controversial Church of Scientology. Tom Cruise admits Katie Holmes left to protect Suri from Scientology. Tom Cruise admits Scientology may have caused split with Katie Holmes-and ... Tom Cruise Admits Scientology Contributed to Katie Holmes Split.", "Tom Cruise reveals Suri is no longer a Scientologist… and admits religion DID ... Tom Cruise admits Katie Holmes ended marriage 'in part to protect daughter ... Tom Cruise's Jaw-Dropping Admission Is Scientology's Worst Nightmare. Tom Cruise admits Katie Holmes left to protect Suri from Scientology. Tom Cruise admits Scientology may have caused split with Katie Holmes-and ... Tom Cruise Admits Scientology Contributed to Katie Holmes Split.", "In his deposition, Bauer's lawyers asked Cruise if both he and the church now consider Holmes to be a Suppressive Person after leaving the church. “That is a distortion and a simplification of the matter. I don’t want to just give an oversimplification of religious doctrine, he said. Tom Cruise admits Katie Holmes left to protect Suri from Scientology. Tom Cruise admits Scientology may have caused split with Katie Holmes-and ... Tom Cruise Admits Scientology Contributed to Katie Holmes Split.", "Tom Cruise admitted that his ex-wife Katie Holmes divorced him to protect their daughter Suri from the religion of Scientology. The shocking admission came during a deposition, first obtained by RadarOnline for his $50 million defamation suit against Life & Style — who said that Cruise abandoned his daughter. ", "Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes want nothing to do with each other ... to the point they don't speak to one another, even about Suri. Sources close to both Tom and Katie tell us they do not communicate at all. There are no direct co-parenting discussions. Tom Cruise admitted that Katie Holmes left him partly because of his ties to Scientology. Cruise sat for a deposition in his $50 million libel suit against a magazine company that claimed he abandoned his daughter Suri. In the deposition ...", "Tom Cruise has had ENOUGH of Hollywood! A source reveals the 53-year-old is selling his Southern California property because he just doesn't want to live in this city anymore! Tom hates living in L.A. and is relocating to Florida. He thinks all the people in Hollywood are fake.. None of the parents were invited, and Tom was totally cool with it.. Tom Cruise is a COOL dad, you guys! Tom Cruise. Despite footing the bill for Isabella Cruise 's September 18 wedding in London, the actor reportedly didn't mind that he wasn't invited to the nuptials." ], "url": [ "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/08/tom-cruise-katie-holmes-protect-suri-scientology_n_4240715.html", "http://www.celebdirtylaundry.com/2014/tom-cruise-dating-rebecca-ferguson-mission-imposible-5-costar-nicole-kidman-lookalike/", "http://www.tmz.com/2015/03/18/tom-cruise-katie-holmes-not-speaking-suri-mission-impossible-5-visitation-jamie-foxx/", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/08/tom-cruise-katie-holmes-protect-suri-scientology_n_4240715.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/08/tom-cruise-katie-holmes-protect-suri-scientology_n_4240715.html", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/08/tom-cruise-katie-holmes-protect-suri-scientology_n_4240715.html", "http://www.inquisitr.com/1109116/tom-cruise-admits-katie-holmes-divorced-him-to-protect-suri-from-scientology/", "http://www.tmz.com/category/tom-and-katie/", "http://perezhilton.com/category/tom-cruise/" ] }

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[ "Alright, powerful and pleasing, excellent, highest, the state of feeling great." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Definition: Shorthand for 'I respect I eternally,' this phrase (which has its roots in the Jamaican religion Rastafari) is used to describe good feelings or emotions, or -- more generally -- anything good. ", "“Ites” means the heights of I and I. “Irie” is an adjective form of Ites, meaning the same thing. “Yes I” is a Rasta term, meaning positive vibration. For Rastafarians, the most powerful and significant letter is “I” which can also be used as a word and a number. I feel that these descriptions are a common misconception. Yes, “Irie” is used and is synonymous with hello, all right, good, fine, I’m alright etc. However, on deeper examination the findings indicate that it’s origins are far more spiritual. Irie is a Jamaican noun meaning good, excellent, great and good quality.", "Iyaric, Livalect, Dread-talk or I-talk is a created dialect of English in use among members of the Rastafari movement. African languages were lost among Africans when they were taken into captivity as part of the slave trade, and adherents of Rastafari teachings believe that English is an imposed colonial language. Some if not most Rastafarians choose not to use certain words in the English language as they have Babylonian and devil-like connotations, for example the word Hello is not used because it contains the word hell and lo referring to low.", "The meaning of 'irie' is a slang meaning. The word 'irie' refers to a state of being. In this state of being, people feel that everything is great, awesome, and wonderful. ", "Back Irie-the meaning of: Irie, is the ultimate positive, powerful, pleasing, all encompassing quality. Irie meaning: “good” “fine” “okay” “hi” “happy “ “pleasant “ “high” “alright” I feel that these descriptions are a common misconception. Yes, “Irie” is used and is synonymous with hello, all right, good, fine, I’m alright etc. However, on deeper examination the findings indicate that it’s origins are far more spiritual. Irie is a Jamaican noun meaning good, excellent, great and good quality.", "B3aut1fulM3ss says. Irie (I-rie \\I ' -ree) is a word in Jamaican Patois that can mean 1: powerful and pleasing 2: excellent, highest n 3: the state of feeling great. It is commonly used by members of the Rastafari movement (see Iyaric). It can also be used as a feeling of closeness with the Almighty.", "To link to this term in a web page or blog, insert the following. To link to this term in a wiki such as Wikipedia, insert the following. Some wikis use a different format for links, so be sure to check the documentation. ", "Irie (I-rie \\I ' -ree) is the word in Jamaican Patois that means, alright. The term can be used to mean 1: powerful and pleasing; 2: excellent, highest; n 3: the state of feeling great. It is commonly used by members of the Rastafari movement (see Iyaric). Irie may also refer to: 1 Irie Maffia, Hungarian band formed in 2005. 2 Irie Time, American reggae band formed in the early 1990s. 3 Muroran Irie Stadium, athletic stadium in Japan.", "Irie, is the ultimate positive One definition of irie has three parts which all greatly represent the positive factor or the I; (I) powerful and pleasing, (2) excellent, highest, and (3) the state of great feeling. I feel that these descriptions are a common misconception. Yes, “Irie” is used and is synonymous with hello, all right, good, fine, I’m alright etc. However, on deeper examination the findings indicate that it’s origins are far more spiritual. Irie is a Jamaican noun meaning good, excellent, great and good quality.", "Best Answer: That one word, Irie has a multitude of meanings. It can be used to mean: everything is great, that is awesome, I am happy/well, hello, I send you positive vibes, etc. The word was initially primarily used by the Rastafarians, but has become a household word now in the culture." ], "url": [ "http://gocaribbean.about.com/od/culturesandpeople/g/Iriedefinition.htm", "http://www.irie.co.uk/TheMeaningOf/defaultFullText.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rastafarian_vocabulary", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_irie_mean", "http://www.irie.co.uk/TheMeaningOf/defaultFullText.htm", "http://www.babycenter.com/baby-names-irie-36615.htm", "http://onlineslangdictionary.com/meaning-definition-of/irie", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irie", "http://www.irie.co.uk/TheMeaningOf/defaultFullText.htm", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20060917190403AAWIrd2" ] }

[]

[ "Yarn" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "On the outside there is a, leather, or plastic, depending on the baseball type. Next layer is what seems to be twine wrapped around the next layer which is yarn. The spin (or lack there of) on a baseball is what makes the ball 'fly' like it does. As the ball cuts through the air, the stitches on the ball create aerodynamic forces of varying amounts on different sides of the ball.", "That's an impact of around 170mph! The stitching on a baseball is done in a precise and consistent manner in order to allow for a consistent movement of a pitched ball. The spin (or lack there of) on a baseball is what makes the ball 'fly' like it does. As the ball cuts through the air, the stitches on the ball create aerodynamic forces of varying amounts on different sides of the ball. This allows for specialized pitches such as the curve, slider, knuckle", "A baseball is a ball used in the sport of the same name, baseball. In the early, mid-1800s days of baseball, there was a great variety in the size, shape, weight, and manufacturing of baseballs. Early baseballs were made from a rubber core from old, melted shoes, wrapped in yarn and leather. Fish eyes were also used as cores in some places.", "The yarn or string used to wrap the baseball can be up to one mile (1.6 km) in length. Some are wrapped in a plastic-like covering. A significant characteristic of the baseball is the stitching that holds together the covering of the ball. In the early, mid-1800s days of baseball, there was a great variety in the size, shape, weight, and manufacturing of baseballs. Early baseballs were made from a rubber core from old, melted shoes, wrapped in yarn and leather. Fish eyes were also used as cores in some places.", "Why does a baseball require so many different layers? In the early years of the game, prior to 1848, baseballs were very bouncy, built with a solid rubber core and only about three inches in diameter. Hitting these lively balls, some pro teams tallied as many as 100 runs per game. You don't necessarily think of a baseball as bouncy. But that's exactly what a ball does when it collides with a bat. Like a bouncing ball, when hit with a bat a baseball deforms for an instant then springs back to its original shape.", "Answer An official baseball is manufactured through a process of wrapping yarn around a cork or rubber center and then tightly stitching a bird stuff or horsehide cover … ed over the yarn of stick. The spin (or lack there of) on a baseball is what makes the ball 'fly' like it does. As the ball cuts through the air, the stitches on the ball create aerodynamic forces of varying amounts on different sides of the ball.", "A baseball. A baseball is a ball used in the sport of the same name, baseball. The ball features a rubber or cork center, wrapped in yarn, and covered, in the words of the Official Baseball Rules with two strips of white horsehide or cowhide, tightly stitched together.. In the early, mid-1800s days of baseball, there was a great variety in the size, shape, weight, and manufacturing of baseballs. Early baseballs were made from a rubber core from old, melted shoes, wrapped in yarn and leather. Fish eyes were also used as cores in some places.", "To make a baseball seam bracelet or necklace (the bracelets and necklaces that you see made from the laces of a baseball) you will need a few things: A Baseball. A Razor. Scissors. Bowl of water. Clasps and/or a safety pin. That's all you need to make a baseball seam bracelet or necklace. Now here's the steps to follow when making your baseball seam bracelet or necklace. Note: if you are making a necklace, you may need two some extra string if you want a longer necklace. 1) Cut around one side of the laces of the baseball with the razor blade. Be careful not to cut your fingers off and more importantly, don't cut so close you cut the laces or the holes they go in to. 2) Cut around the other side of the laces and peel what is left away from the baseball" ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_baseball_made_of", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_baseball_made_of", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_%28ball%29", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_%28ball%29", "http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/inside-baseball-what-gives-a-baseball-its-bounce/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_baseball_made_of", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_%28ball%29", "http://www.yougoprobaseball.com/how-to-make-a-baseball-seam-bracelet-or-necklace.html" ] }

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[ "Lack of Prosecution." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "What does the acronym LOP mean in a text message? What's the meaning of the abbreviation LOP in an online chat message or on Facebook and Twitter?", "The rate is .00085 USD to 1 dinar. The CBI will lop 3 zeros off the rate t … o make it .85 USD to 1 dinar. So if you purchased 100,000 dinar for $100 USD back in 2004 as a example...you investment after 3 zero's off the rate will be $85,000 USD for 100,000 dinar. Not bad return for $100 USD investment in 2004.", "LOP stands for Lack of Prosecution. Generally Dismissal for lack of prosecution occurs when the court closes a case as nothing has been filed within a specified period of time. The court presumes that as there is no record of activity the party does not wish to pursue the case.", "LOP is an acronym, abbreviation or slang word that is explained above where the LOP definition is given.", "Frequently used with job, lop job. 2) n. a person who does a job carelessly. 3) n. a stupid or lazy person; see asshat. 4) n. a person who's time/energy are misdirected. Source(s): urban dictionary definition.", "Frequently used with job, lop job. 2) n. a person who does a job carelessly. 3) n. a stupid or lazy person; see asshat. 4) n. a person who's time/energy are misdirected. 1) look at what a lop job that web developer did on those GIFs. 2) that new intern's report was so full of errors I had him write it again, that lop. 3) that stupid lop at McDonald's didn't put my fries in the bag. 4) look at that lop who spent $7000 customizing his pickup, but still lives in a trailer.", "to cut off as the top or extreme part of anything; to sho/ -- by cutting off the extremities; to cut off, or remove as superfluous parts; as, to lop a tree or its branches. Lop (verb). to cut partly off and bend down; as, to lop bushes in a hedge. Lop (noun). that which is lopped from anything, as branches from a tree." ], "url": [ "http://www.gotknowhow.com/answers/what-does-lop-stand-for", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_LOP_mean_as_it_relates_to_the_iraqi_dinar_revaluation", "http://definitions.uslegal.com/l/lack-of-prosecution-lop/", "http://www.internetslang.com/LOP-meaning-definition.asp", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090806174017AAPe1US", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=lop", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/LOP" ] }

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[ "school Bluefin tuna is 100 to 200 pounds.Giant Bluefin tuna is 400 pounds." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Anywhere from 15-25% is average right off the top of the fish, no expenses factored in. Depends largely on the mates experience and or performance. If the mate is along for the ride: 10% (below average), if he is the one catching the fish 25%. I've heard up to 35% after boat expenses are deducted. Most mates in the northeast work on an off the top basis.", "Can I make money tuna fishing?... Yes we offer a 1/3 split between the charter the crew and the boat. You get 1/3 of the value of any Giant Bluefin tuna over 73. This value can be anywhere from $200 to $2000 depending on the quality and size of the fish.", "It's tough out there. On the northern Atlantic, where a single bluefin tuna can bring in as much as $20,000, fishermen out of Gloucester, Mass ., will try to catch all they can.", "The highest-paying states for tuna fishermen were Washington, Massachusetts, Virginia and New Jersey. The tuna fishermen in Washington averaged $30,240 per year, equal to an hourly wage of $14.54. Massachusetts paid its fishermen an average of $30,020 per year, equal to $14.43 per hour. The fishermen in Virginia earned an average of $29,710 per year, or $14.28 per hour.", "What size are the tuna you catch?.. The average school Bluefin tuna is around 100 to 200 pounds The average Giant Bluefin tuna average around 400 pounds but we have caught fish as big as 1000 pounds." ], "url": [ "http://www.thehulltruth.com/sportfishing-charters-forum/20935-commercial-rod-reel-giant-tuna-mate-fees.html", "http://www.massbayguides.com/fishingfaq.html", "http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wicked-tuna-national-geographic-series-bluefin-fishermen-gloucester/story?id=16038373", "http://www.ehow.com/info_8619261_tuna-fishermans-salary.html", "http://www.massbayguides.com/fishingfaq.html" ] }

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[ "Gypsophila elegans, start the plant by seed indoors, provide full, hot sun, use a good drainage area, and water the plant well." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Views: 20098 | Last Update: 2009-02-04. How to Grow Annual Baby's Breath (Gypsophila Elegans) - Provided by eHow. To grow annual baby's breath, or gypsophila elegans, start the plant by seed indoors, provide full, hot sun, use a good drainage area, and water the plant well. Hi this is Yolanda Vanveen, and in this segment, we're going to learn all about how to grow Baby's Breath, or Gypsophila. It's a great filler plant, especially with roses or any other flower, and it's really easy to grow. So Gypsophila is usually grown by seed.", "Gyposophila (Gyposophila Elegans) - No plant is easier or quicker to grow for masses of delightful blooms than this annual Baby's Breath plant. In just 6 - 8 weeks from sowing Baby's Breath seeds, you'll begin enjoying the tiny, pure-white blooms, which are set at the tips of rather stiff, very well-branched stems. To sow Gypsophila seeds directly outdoors, wait until temperatures have warmed and prepare the soil, sow the flower seeds and lightly rake the soil over the flower seeds barely covering them. Keep Baby's Breath seeds constantly moist, and germination should occur in 10 - 20 days.", "To grow annual baby's breath, or gypsophila elegans, start the plant by seed indoors, provide full, hot sun, use a good drainage area, and water the plant well. Use baby's breath as filler plants with roses and other flowers using advice from a sustainable gardener in this free video on gardening. ", "Gypsophilia elegans. Baby's Breath are a tender and delicate annual flower. Growing Baby's Breath is very easy, and they are quick to bloom. A popular flower to accent bouquets, corsages and flower vases, Baby's Breath is a popular flower in the home garden too. Sow Baby's Breath seeds after the soil has begun to warm in the spring. Baby's Breath do not like frost. Do not transplant indoor starts, until after the last frost date for your area. Space plants eight inches apart.", "Gypsophila (Gypsophila Elegans) - No plant is easier or quicker to grow for masses of delightful blooms than this annual Baby's Breath plant. In just 6 - 8 weeks from sowing Baby's Breath seeds, you'll begin enjoying the tiny, pure-white blooms, which are set at the tips of rather stiff, very well-branched stems. Gypsophila (Gypsophila Elegans Rosea) - This pink Baby's Breath is a short-lived annual (only 5 - 6 weeks) and has lance-shaped, fleshy leaves and single, light pink, blooms. Easy to grow and quick to bloom from flower seed, these pretty pink flowers bloom on wispy stalks.", "Gypsophila Seeds-Rosea. Gypsophila (Gypsophila Elegans Rosea) - This pink Baby's Breath is a short-lived annual (only 5 - 6 weeks) and has lance-shaped, fleshy leaves and single, light pink, blooms. Easy to grow and quick to bloom from flower seed, these pretty pink flowers bloom on wispy stalks.", "5. Cancel. To grow annual baby's breath, or gypsophila elegans, start the plant by seed indoors, provide full, hot sun, use a good drainage area, and water the plant well. Use baby's breath as filler plants with roses and other flowers using advice from a sustainable gardener in this free video on gardening", "Baby's Breath Gypsophila Seeds. Gypsophila elegans. Grow this annual for cut flowers to fill out a bouquet or to dry on their own. Or mix some Gypsophila seeds in where grass is allowed to grow tall for a stunning ethereal effect all summer. Baby’s Breath grows to 45cm (18″) tall. Direct sow outdoors from early spring to July for continuous blooms.", "Gypsophila (Gypsophila Elegans Crimson) - Annual Baby's Breath is one of the very easiest flowers to grow from Gypsophila seeds, and it gives so much beauty and complements other flowers so nicely in the flower garden. Crimson Baby's Breath is an annual, so it grows quickly, blooms heavily, and dies. Gypsophila (Gypsophila Elegans Rosea) - This pink Baby's Breath is a short-lived annual (only 5 - 6 weeks) and has lance-shaped, fleshy leaves and single, light pink, blooms. Easy to grow and quick to bloom from flower seed, these pretty pink flowers bloom on wispy stalks." ], "url": [ "http://www.gardenguides.com/video-61122-grow-annual-babys-breath-gypsophila-elegans.html", "http://www.outsidepride.com/seed/flower-seed/gypsophila/babys-breath-white.html", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jGcazjc3WU", "http://www.gardenersnet.com/flower/babyb.htm", "http://www.outsidepride.com/seed/flower-seed/gypsophila/", "http://www.outsidepride.com/seed/flower-seed/gypsophila/", "http://www.ehow.com/video_4755333_grow-annual-babys-breath-gypsophila.html", "https://www.westcoastseeds.com/shop/flower-seeds/gypsophila-seeds/babys-breath-gypsophila-seeds/", "http://www.outsidepride.com/seed/flower-seed/gypsophila/" ] }

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[ "One to three years." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In the instance of dual degree programs, the length of time to receive a master's degree depends on the additional degree program, and may take as few as four years or as many as ten. Distance Learning: 2 Years. Many schools offer online master's programs, allowing students to work at their own pace without having to travel to campus. Other schools may provide a mixture of distance learning with classroom lab work and/or on-site classes.", "Generally it takes full time graduate students 2-3 years to earn a master's degree and 4-5 years to earn a PhD. This is assuming they go for the same subject that they hold an … undergrad degree in. If the subject is different, it may take longer because there may be extra prequisite requirements. The degree you need to become a surgeon is a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) or a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.), which takes about 8 years in addition to a residency … program working in a hospital. No master's degree is required to become a surgeon.", "Length of Typical Master’s Degree Programs. The majority of master’s degrees awarded in 2010 were in just two fields – education and business. If the student already has a baccalaureate degree, these degrees normally can be completed through two years of full-time study. Of course, many students will not be able to devote full-time attention to their studies because of commitments to work and family responsibilitie", "Most master's degrees are about two years additional work after the bachelor's degree. You may have trouble finding a master's program in pathology, because most pathol … ogists are MD's. However, you will have plenty of time to deal with those questions as you prepare to enter college. The degree you need to become a surgeon is a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.) or a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.), which takes about 8 years in addition to a residency … program working in a hospital. No master's degree is required to become a surgeon.", "Traditional Master's Degree Programs. A traditional master's degree program takes one or two years to complete. You'll be required to take anywhere from 30 to 60 credit hours of coursework, write an original thesis based on research in your field and pass final or certification exams. Some universities and programs offer undergraduates what's often called a 4+1, the option of beginning work toward a master's while finishing up a four-year degree, which can take a year off the time required to get the advanced degree. Such programs begin in the second or third year of undergraduate studies.", "Save. Jay Paul/Getty Images News/Getty Images. A master's degree takes anywhere from one to three years to complete, depending on the type of degree and the amount of time you can devote to your studies. It's a sizable investment of time and money, but in many professional fields, it's the degree that can open doors. Some universities and programs offer undergraduates what's often called a 4+1, the option of beginning work toward a master's while finishing up a four-year degree, which can take a year off the time required to get the advanced degree. Such programs begin in the second or third year of undergraduate studies.", "If you think that a master’s degree is the right choice for you there are numerous options to consider. How long it will take you to complete a master’s degree depends primarily upon which program you want to pursue and whether you want to attend class on a full-or part-time basis. The majority of master’s degrees awarded in 2010 were in just two fields – education and business. If the student already has a baccalaureate degree, these degrees normally can be completed through two years of full-time study.", "Part-Time: 2-5 Years. Students enrolled in a master's degree program often hold full-time jobs. Since many schools offer a part-time option as well as distance learning, working students or students with families may prefer part-time evening or weekend programs. Distance Learning: 2 Years. Many schools offer online master's programs, allowing students to work at their own pace without having to travel to campus. Other schools may provide a mixture of distance learning with classroom lab work and/or on-site classes.", "The average full-time student will earn their Master’s degree in 1.5 to 2 years, but some students take longer due to their schedule restrictions. If you consider the time it takes to earn a Bachelor’s, you will spend between 5 and 7 years in college and graduate school to earn your degree. Considering the fact that a professional with a Master’s degree earns about 20% more in their lifetime than other professionals with a lower level degree. If you are wondering how long it takes to earn your Master’s degree, read this guide and learn what you need to know. Resource: Top 20 Best Value Online MBA Programs.", "The typical on-site master's degree program takes two years of full-time study to complete. These are often considered terminal degrees, and graduates usually receive the advanced training necessary to enter or advance in a chosen profession. Distance Learning: 2 Years. Many schools offer online master's programs, allowing students to work at their own pace without having to travel to campus. Other schools may provide a mixture of distance learning with classroom lab work and/or on-site classes." ], "url": [ "http://study.com/articles/How_Long_Does_it_Take_to_Get_a_Masters_Degree.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_earn_a_master's_degree", "http://www.gradschoolhub.com/faqs/how-long-does-it-take-to-get-a-masters-degree/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_earn_a_master's_degree", "http://www.ehow.com/how-does_6166811_long-masters-degree-take_.html", "http://www.ehow.com/how-does_6166811_long-masters-degree-take_.html", "http://www.gradschoolhub.com/faqs/how-long-does-it-take-to-get-a-masters-degree/", "http://study.com/articles/How_Long_Does_it_Take_to_Get_a_Masters_Degree.html", "http://www.bestmastersdegrees.com/best-masters-degrees-faq/how-long-does-it-take-to-receive-a-masters-degree", "http://study.com/articles/How_Long_Does_it_Take_to_Get_a_Masters_Degree.html" ] }

[]

[ "Phototherapy" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Often, physiologic jaundice -- the type seen in most newborns -- does not require aggressive treatment. It will typically disappear in a few days with frequent feedings and exposure to indirect sunlight at home. Doctors may test the baby 's bilirubin levels during that time to make sure it has not gotten worse.", "Definition. Infant jaundice is a yellow discoloration in a newborn baby's skin and eyes. Infant jaundice occurs because the baby's blood contains an excess of bilirubin (bil-ih-ROO-bin), a yellow-colored pigment of red blood cells.", "In cases where pre-hepatic jaundice has been caused by an infection, such as malaria, medication to treat the underlying infection is usually recommended. For genetic blood disorders, such as sickle cell anaemia or thalassaemia, blood transfusions may be required to replace the red blood cells.", "Jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes and of the white of the eyes caused by elevated levels of the chemical bilirubin in the blood (hyperbilirubinemia). The term jaundice is derived from the French word jaune, which means yellow.", "Phototherapy. Phototherapy is treatment with light. It is used in some cases of newborn jaundice to lower the bilirubin levels in your baby’s blood through a process called photo-oxidation. Oxidation is the process of adding oxygen to change a substance (in this case, the bilirubin).", "Jaundice is not an illness in itself, but a medical condition in which too much bilirubin -- a compound produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin from red blood cells -- is circulating in the blood. The excess bilirubin causes the skin, eyes, and mucus membranes in the mouth to turn a yellowish color.", "Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the whites of the eyes caused by increased amounts of bilirubin in the blood. Jaundice is a sign of an underlying disease process. Bilirubin is a by-product of the daily natural breakdown and destruction of red blood cells in the body." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/understanding-newborn-jaundice-treatment", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/infant-jaundice/basics/definition/CON-20019637", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Jaundice/Pages/Treatment.aspx", "http://www.medicinenet.com/jaundice_in_adults/article.htm", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Jaundice-newborn/Pages/Treatment.aspx", "http://www.m.webmd.com/children/digestive-diseases-jaundice", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/jaundice/article_em.htm" ] }

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[ "A permanent resident card is the main way Canadian perment residents of all ages(formerly known as landed immigrants) prove their status to government agencies You must show your PR Card when returning to Canada after travelling internationally by any commercial carrier." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Permanent Resident Card (. ) is the official proof of your status as a permanent resident in Canada. A. Card is a document required by permanent residents, including children, who plan on travelling outside of Canada and returning to Canada by any commercial transporter, such as a plane, train, boat or bus. Note: As of March 15, 2016, permanent residents returning to Canada by airplane will be verified before boarding to ensure they hold a valid permanent resident card (PR card) or travel document. Don’t delay – get your PR card today.", "How to Apply. In order to replace (or renew) your Green Card (Permanent Resident Card), you must: Complete the Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card. Review the form instructions for directions on how to complete the form. Submit the Filing Fee(s). Once USCIS receives your Form I-90, we will process your application and then you will receive: A receipt notice of your Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card, by mail at the address you provided on your application.", "Applying for a Permanent Resident Card 3 Overview This application is for persons with permanent resident status in Canada who are applying for an initial, renewal or replacement Permanent Resident Card (PR Card). To be eligible for a PR Card: An applicant must:• be a permanent resident of Canada;• must be physically present in Canada;• not be under an effective removal order; and• not be a Canadian citizen.Note: If the applicant is under 14 years of age, all signature areas must be signed by a parent or guardian.", "Card) - Initial application, replacement or renewal (IMM 5445). Note: As of March 15, 2016, permanent residents returning to Canada by airplane will be verified before boarding to ensure they hold a valid permanent resident card (PR card) or travel document. Don’t delay – get your PR card today.", "This topic discusses how Permanent Residents can obtain, replace or renew their Permanent Resident Card. The Permanent Resident Card, or “PR Card”, is an identification card which shows a person has permanent resident status in Canada. Permanent Residents have the right to apply for citizenship after three years of physical residency in Canada and meeting other eligibility requirements. The process to obtain a PR card, or to replace or renew it, is the same. The applicant must apply while physically present in Canada and prove entitlement to Permanent Resident status by accounting for all absences from Canada in the last five years", "A permanent resident card is the main way Canadian perment residents of all ages(formerly known as landed immigrants) prove their status to government agencies You must show your PR Card when returning to Canada after travelling internationally by any commercial carrier (i.e. plane, train, boat or bus). If you need to travel before your PR Card can be issued, you must apply for a Permanent Resident Travel Document at the nearest Canadian Diplomatic Mission (Canadian Consulate, Embassy, or High Commission). Please remember the following: 1 Have the Travel Document application filled out correctly before you leave.", "Note: If you are a conditional permanent resident you cannot replace your card if it is expired, or within 90 days of expiring. A conditional permanent resident whose card is expiring may apply to have the conditions on his or her permanent resident status removed. Once USCIS receives your Form I-90, we will process your application and then you will receive: A receipt notice of your Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card, by mail at the address you provided on your application.", "Once USCIS receives your Form I-90, we will process your application and then you will receive: A receipt notice of your Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card, mailed to the address you provided on your application. Once USCIS receives your Form I-90, we will process your application and then you will receive: A receipt notice of your Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card, by mail at the address you provided on your application." ], "url": [ "http://www.cic.gc.ca/ENGLISH/information/applications/guides/5445ETOC.asp", "https://my.uscis.gov/exploremyoptions/renew_green_card", "http://www.angelfire.com/in/SamM/5445E.PDF", "http://www.cic.gc.ca/ENGLISH/information/applications/guides/5445ETOC.asp", "http://clg.ab.ca/programs-services/dial-a-law/replace-permanent-resident-card/", "http://www.immigroup.com/permanent-resident-card", "https://my.uscis.gov/exploremyoptions/renew_green_card", "https://my.uscis.gov/exploremyoptions/renew_green_card" ] }

[]

[ "chemicals that are produced by plants." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "We found that there are optimal levels of carbon dioxide for the production of these desirable chemicals. This may lead to methodology for rapid and efficient production of specific phytochemicals that are important for health in cultured plant systems.", "We describe a procedure for isolating and purifying oil bodies (OBs) from Oryza sativa bran, and present evidence that strongly suggests a physical association between the OB organelles and several antioxidant phytochemicals (γ-oryzanol and several tocochromanols).", "The Phytochemical Evolution. Phytochemicals, by the strictest definition, are chemicals that are produced by plants. Currently, the term is being used only for those plant chemicals that may have health-related effects but are not considered essential nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins).", "The term phytochemicals is a broad name for a wide variety of compounds produced by plants. They’re found in fruits, vegetables, beans, grains, and other plants. Each phytochemical comes from a variety of different plant sources and has different proposed effects on, and benefits for, the body. Some researchers estimate there are up to 4,000 phytochemicals!", "The development of rapid and accurate analytical methodology and the preparation of purified analytical and experimental standards for the analysis of plant phytochemicals is a key part of the new research efforts aimed at unlocking the mode of action of phytochemicals in both plant and animal systems.", "We found that there are optimal levels of carbon dioxide for the production of these desirable chemicals. This may lead to methodology for rapid and efficient production of specific phytochemicals which are important for health in cultured plant systems.", "Phytochemicals are found in plant foods (fruits, vegetables, beans, grains). By maintaining a balanced eating pattern that includes different forms and colors of fruits and vegetables, you’ll provide your body with a wide variety of all beneficial compounds, including phytochemicals!" ], "url": [ "http://www.reeis.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/0402510-characterization-of-health-related-phytochemicals-from-soy-and-other-agricultural-crops.html", "http://www.academia.edu/2921783/Phytochemical_Composition_of_Oryza_sativa_Rice_Bran_Oil_Bodies_in_Crude_and_Purified_Isolates", "http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/phytochemicals/", "http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org/what-are-phytochemicals", "http://www.reeis.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/0402510-characterization-of-health-related-phytochemicals-from-soy-and-other-agricultural-crops.html", "http://www.reeis.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/0402510-characterization-of-health-related-phytochemicals-from-soy-and-other-agricultural-crops.html", "http://www.fruitsandveggiesmorematters.org/what-are-phytochemicals" ] }

[]

[ "Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a respiratory disease of cattle caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cause. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a highly contagious, infectious respiratory disease that is caused by Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1). It can affect young and older cattle. In addition to causing respiratory disease, this virus can cause conjunctivitis, abortions, encephalitis, and generalised systemic infections. IBR is characterised by acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. After the first infection, the virus is never fully removed. It stays behind in nerve cells in the brain as a life-long latent (hidden) infection.", "steers in a feedlot fed on a finely chopped ration develop a syndrome of cough, nasal and ocular discharge but without signs of fever or toxemia. feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR). an acute upper respiratory infection of cats, caused by feline herpesvirus. Sneezing, coughing, ocular and nasal discharges, and often chemosis, keratitis and corneal ulceration are the main signs. Occasionally there is fatal pneumonia or generalized infection in young kittens. ", "infectious pancreatic necrosis of fish. a disease of salmonids caused by a group of related birnaviruses. It is characterized by hemorrhages and anemia, and spiral swimming and abdominal distention in fry. infectious porcine dermatitis. see contagious porcine pyoderma. a septicemic disease of young ducks caused by Riemerella anatipestifer and characterized by torticollis, head tremor, loss of balance and a high mortality rate. infectious sinusitis. a contagious disease of turkeys caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum.", "caused by a picornavirus this disease of young chickens causes a transient unremarkable disease with lesions appearing in the kidney. infectious bovine cervicovaginitis. thought to be due to a herpesvirus-4 infection, transmitted by coitus, causing sterility in a high percentage of cows and some bulls. a septicemic disease of young ducks caused by Riemerella anatipestifer and characterized by torticollis, head tremor, loss of balance and a high mortality rate. infectious sinusitis. a contagious disease of turkeys caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum.", "a highly infectious disease of birds of all ages caused by avian herpesvirus 1 and characterized by a very rapid spread of respiratory distress, the signs including gasping, respiratory gurgling and rattling, and death often from asphyxiation because of massive pseudomembrane formation in the trachea. a septicemic disease of young ducks caused by Riemerella anatipestifer and characterized by torticollis, head tremor, loss of balance and a high mortality rate. infectious sinusitis. a contagious disease of turkeys caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum.", "Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) in cattle. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a respiratory disease of cattle caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1). Disease outbreaks can result in severe production losses, abortion and mortality. IBR is characterized by acute inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. BoHV-1 infection can also cause reproductive symptoms in cattle. See Clinical Signs.", "IBR. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (commonly called IBR or red nose) is an acute, contagious virus disease of cattle. Often implicated as an infection which initiates the shipping fever complex. This infection usually occurs in the air passages of the head and the wind pipe. ", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a virus of the family Herpesviridae and the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, known to cause several diseases worldwide in cattle, including rhinotracheitis, vaginitis, balanoposthitis, abortion, conjunctivitis, and enteritis. Although these symptoms are mainly non-life-threatening it is an economically important disease as infection may cause a drop in production and affect trade restrictions. Like other herpesviruses, BoHV-1 causes a lifelong latent infection and sporadic shedding of the virus.", "a highly infectious disease of cattle, particularly when crowded together as in feedlots, caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 and characterized by nasal discharge, rhinitis, tracheitis, conjunctivitis, fever and a short course unless complicated by other infections, particularly those leading to pneumonia. a septicemic disease of young ducks caused by Riemerella anatipestifer and characterized by torticollis, head tremor, loss of balance and a high mortality rate. infectious sinusitis. a contagious disease of turkeys caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum.", "infectious. adj. 1. (Medicine) (of a disease) capable of being transmitted. Compare contagious. 2. (Pathology) (of a disease) caused by microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, or protozoa. 3. (Medicine) causing or transmitting infection. 4. tending or apt to spread, as from one person to another: infectious mirth. 5" ], "url": [ "http://www.thecattlesite.com/diseaseinfo/174/infectious-bovine-rhinotracheitis-ibr/", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Infectious+bovine+rhinotracheitis", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infectious+bovine+rhinotracheitis+(IBR)", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infectious+bovine+rhinotracheitis+(IBR)", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infectious+bovine+rhinotracheitis+(IBR)", "http://www.ibr-marker.com/disease.asp", "http://cattletoday.info/ibr.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_herpesvirus_1", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/infectious+bovine+rhinotracheitis+(IBR)", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/infectious+bovine+rhinotracheitis+(IBR)" ] }

[]

[ "Yosemite" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A valley is a low area between hills, often with a river running through it. The Valley of Marvels in Babille, Ethiopia. In geology, a valley or dale is a depression that is longer than it is wide. The terms U-shaped and V-shaped are descriptive terms of geography to characterize the form of valleys. A valley carved by glaciers is normally U-shaped. The valley becomes visible upon the recession of the glacier that forms it. When the ice recedes or thaws, the valley remains, often littered with small boulders that were transported within the ice.", "Valleys are one of the most common landforms on the Earth and they are formed through erosion or the gradual wearing down of the land by wind and water. In river valleys for example, the river acts as an erosional agent by grinding down the rock or soil and creating a valley. One of the world's most famous U-shaped valleys is Yosemite Valley in California. It has a broad plain that now consists of the Merced River along with granite walls that were eroded by glaciers during the last glaciation (photo).", "A valley formed by flowing water, or river valley, is usually V-shaped. The exact shape will depend on the characteristics of the stream flowing through it. Rivers with steep gradients, as in mountain ranges, produce steep walls and a bottom. Shallower slopes may produce broader and gentler valleys. A valley carved by glaciers is normally U-shaped. The valley becomes visible upon the recession of the glacier that forms it. When the ice recedes or thaws, the valley remains, often littered with small boulders that were transported within the ice.", "A glacier is a large body of ice that formed on land by the compaction and recrystallization of snow, survives year to year, and shows some sign of movement downhill due to gravity. The three main types of valleys are the V-shaped valley, the flat-floored valley, and the U-shaped valley. A V-shaped valley is a narrow valley that has a profile suggesting the form of the letter V, characterized by steeply sloping sides. It results from a stream eroding downward, a process referred to as downcutting.", "U shaped Valley-Yosemite. As a glacier moves downhill through a valley, the shape of the valley is transformed. A V-shaped valley is transformed into a U-shaped valley through the glacial erosion processes of plucking and abrasion. This results in large rocky material (glacial till) being carried in the glacier. A material called boulder clay is deposited on the floor of the valley. U-shaped valley in Leh valley, Ladakh, NW Indian Himalaya. The glacier visible at the head of the valley is the last remnants of the formerly much more extensive valley glacier which carved this valley.", "This is because they flowed down pre-existing river or V-shaped valleys during the last glaciation and caused the bottom of the V to level out into a U shape as the ice eroded the valley walls, resulting in a wider, deeper valley. For this reason, U-shaped valleys are sometimes referred to as glacial troughs. One of the world's most famous U-shaped valleys is Yosemite Valley in California. It has a broad plain that now consists of the Merced River along with granite walls that were eroded by glaciers during the last glaciation (photo).", "A valley is a hollow or surface depression of the earth bounded by hills or mountains, a natural trough in the earth's surface, that slopes down to a stream, lake or the ocean, formed by water and/or ice erosion. Systems of valleys extend through plains, hills, and mountains. ", "Valleys are one of the most common landforms on the surface of the planet. They are carved by flowing water or flowing ice through the process of erosion, which is the gradual wearing away of Earth surfaces through the action of wind and water. A V-shaped valley is a narrow valley that has a profile suggesting the form of the letter V, characterized by steeply sloping sides. It results from a stream eroding downward, a process referred to as downcutting.", "Landforms of the upper valley-V-shaped valleys and waterfalls. Landforms in upland regions are dominantly created by erosion processes, where land is worn away. Generally, the volume and discharge of rivers in upland regions tends to be low, and the river uses much of it's energy in overcoming friction. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley", "http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/valleyformation.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley", "http://www.scienceclarified.com/landforms/Ocean-Basins-to-Volcanoes/Valley.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-shaped_valley", "http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/valleyformation.htm", "http://www.edu.pe.ca/southernkings/valleyfl.htm", "http://www.scienceclarified.com/landforms/Ocean-Basins-to-Volcanoes/Valley.html", "http://coolgeography.co.uk/GCSE/Year%2010/PhysicalWorld/Upper%20valley/upper_valley.htm" ] }

[]

[ "14" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "It also prepares your body for pregnancy each month. A cycle is counted from the first day of 1 period to the first day of the next period. The average menstrual cycle is 28 days long. Cycles can range anywhere from 21 to 35 days in adults and from 21 to 45 days in young teens. The rise and fall of levels of hormones during the month control the menstrual cycle", "For most women, the length of time between ovulation (when an egg is released from the ovary) and their monthly period is between 12 to 16 days (this is called the luteal phase). The first day of your menstrual cycle is the first day of your period (day 1). The period usually then lasts anything from 3 to 7 days. You’ll probably find that if you get any period pains, they’ll be at their worst in the first few days of your period. Your period", "The menstrual cycle is an average of 28 days, although it is normal to vary between 23 and 35 days. The cycle is counted from the first day of your period. Ovulation is the release of the egg from the ovary. This usually occurs at about day 14 of the cycle. Once released, the egg is fertile for up to 48 hours. If the egg is not fertilized, then the lining of the uterus will disintegrate, causing a period. By knowing your menstrual cycle, it is possible to approximate when you will be most fertile", "Ovulation is the release of a single, mature egg from a follicle that developed in the ovary. It usually occurs regularly, around day 14 of a 28-day menstrual cycle. Once released, the egg is capable of being fertilized for 12 to 48 hours before it begins to disintegrate. This is the most fertile period of your cycle: during ovulation your chances of conception are highest. The time of ovulation within the menstrual cycle is determined by the luteal phase, which is usually 12 to 16 days long. You can calculate the time of ovulation within your cycle by subtracting the length of your luteal phase from the length of your cycle. For example, if your cycle is 28 days long and your luteal phase is 12 days long, the ovulation will occur on day 16 of your cycle (28-12=16)", "Tracking Ovulation: A woman’s monthly cycle is measured from the first day of her menstrual period until the first day of her next period. On average, a woman’s cycle normally is between 28-32 days, but some women may have much shorter or much longer cycles. Ovulation can be calculated by starting with the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) or by calculating 12-16 days from the next expected period. The second half of the cycle is called the luteal phase and is from the day of ovulation until the next period begins. The luteal phase has a more precise timeline and usually is only 12-16 days from the day of ovulation. This ultimately means that the day of ovulation will determine how long your cycle is", "1 Work out the length of your average menstrual cycle. 2 Day one is the first day of the menstrual period and the last day is the day before the next period begins. 3 Ovulation happens about two weeks before the next expected period. 4 So if your average menstrual cycle is 28 days, you ovulate around day 14. 1 Day one is the first day of the menstrual period and the last day is the day before the next period begins. 2 Ovulation happens about two weeks before the next expected period. 3", "The day of ovulation differs from woman to woman and can even be different from month to month for an individual woman. For a woman with a 28 day cycle, the window of ovulation is day 11 through day 21 of your cycle. Ovulation could occur on any one day during this window.", "It's difficult to pinpoint exactly when ovulation happens, unless you're practising fertility awareness (FPA guide to natural family planning). However, ovulation usually happens 10-16 days before the start of a woman's next period. The menstrual cycle is counted from the first day of a woman’s period. This is day one. Some time after her period she will ovulate, then 10-16 days after this she will have her next period. " ], "url": [ "http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/menstruation.html", "http://uk.clearblue.com/menstrual-cycles-and-ovulation", "http://www.estronaut.com/a/menstruation_ovulation_fertility.htm", "http://www.ovulation-calendar.com/hlp-d01-ovulation-basics.html", "http://americanpregnancy.org/getting-pregnant/understanding-ovulation/", "http://yourfertility.org.au/for-women/timing-and-conception", "http://americanpregnancy.org/getting-pregnant/ovulation-faq/", "http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/menstrualcycle/Pages/WhencanIgetpregnant.aspx" ] }

[]

[ "An infected American dog tick", "An infected tick (the American dog tick or the lone-star tick)" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Email Article. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a disease transmitted by ticks and is most prevalent in the east coast, midwest, and plains regions. Rocky Mountain spotted fever affects dogs and humans. Through blood tests, it has been demonstrated that cats may also become infected, but the disease in cats is minimal", "Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is considered the most severe tick-borne disease in the US, with a high mortality rate among untreated cases. RMSF has a disease presence in Florida, with the number of cases increasing in the summer months. The American dog tick is the main transmitter in Florida. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recently identified the brown dog tick as a vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) in the southwestern United States and along the Mexican border.", "Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), also known as blue disease, is the most lethal and most frequently reported rickettsial illness in the United States. It has been diagnosed throughout the Americas. The disease is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a species of bacterium that is spread to humans by Dermacentor ticks. Initial signs and symptoms of the disease include sudden onset of fever, headache, and muscle pain, followed by development of rash.", "Rocky Mountain spotted fever is spread by the bite of an infected tick (the American dog tick or the lone-star tick) or by contamination of the skin with tick blood or feces. Person-to-person transmission does not occur. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is an acute infectious disease transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick. The disease occurs throughout the United States during months when ground temperatures reach 40 degrees Fahrenheit or more and ticks are active.", "The first symptoms of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) typically begin 2-14 days after the bite of an infected tick. A tick bite is usually painless and about half of the people who develop RMSF do not remember being bitten. ", "Types of ticks. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by infection with the organism Rickettsia rickettsii. Ticks carrying R. rickettsii are the most common source of infection. If an infected tick attaches itself to your skin and feeds on your blood for six to 10 hours, you may pick up the infection", "Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tick-borne disease caused by a rickettsia (a microbe that differs somewhat from bacteria and virus). Fewer than 50 cases are reported annually in New York State. ", "Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a disease caused by a bacterium called Rickettsia rickettsii. It is transmitted to humans most often by the bite of an infected American dog tick, but the Rocky Mountain wood tick and the brown dog tick have also caused the disease. " ], "url": [ "http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?c=2+2102&aid=472", "http://solutionsforyourlife.ufl.edu/hot_topics/families_and_consumers/ticks_and_disease.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_spotted_fever", "http://www.idph.state.il.us/public/hb/hbrmsf.htm", "http://www.cdc.gov/rmsf/symptoms/index.html", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rocky-mountain-spotted-fever/basics/causes/CON-20032780", "https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/rocky_mountain_spotted_fever/fact_sheet.htm", "http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/epidemiology/factsheets/pdf/rmsf.pdf" ] }

[]

[ "3 to 5 days." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 How long does chicken salad last at room temperature? 2 Bacteria grow rapidly at temperatures between 40 °F and 140 °F; chicken salad should be discarded if left for more than 2 hours at room temperature.", "Best Answer. Dump it. I never keep uncooked chicken in the fridge more than 2 days and cooked more than 3 days. Chicken salad stored tight maybe 4.. Best Answer. don't give it to the cat because the cat most probably is not into chicken salad. Best Answer. No. I wouldn't do that to my cat.", "According to Foodsafety.gov, uncooked poultry is safe in the refrigerator for 1-2 days, and safe in the freezer for 9 months (for pieces) and up to 12 months for whole chickens or turkey. Cooked poultry is safe refrigerated for 3-4 days.", "Use it within a day or two. Depending on what you put in your potato salad will depend on how long your salad wi … ll last. If you put eggs in your salad then you have 3 days to use it up in. If you omit the eggs then you have about 5 days as long as the salad doesn't sit out and get warm since it has mayonnaise in it.", "Place the container of fruit salad in the refrigerator and chill until you are ready to serve it. 1 Many types of fruit need to be refrigerated in order to stay fresh, including most berries. 2 Even in the refrigerator, you should only store fruit salad for three to five days at maximum.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. How long you will keep chicken salad in fridge will vary on the components. Ideally, you should keep it for 3 to 5 days and not more than that.", "I never keep uncooked chicken in the fridge more than 2 days and cooked more than 3 days. Chicken salad stored tight maybe 4.. Best Answer. don't give it to the cat because the cat most probably is not into chicken salad. Best Answer. No. I wouldn't do that to my cat." ], "url": [ "http://stilltasty.com/fooditems/index/16791", "http://www.experienceproject.com/question-answer/How-Long-Does-Chicken-Salad-Keep-In-The-Fridge-I-Made-It-On-Monday-And-Then-Lost-Interest/809889", "http://www.rachaelray.com/2012/02/how-long-can-you-keep-chicken-in-the-fridge#!", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_will_chicken_salad_stay_fresh_in_the_refrigerator", "http://www.wikihow.com/Keep-Salad-Fresh", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_can_you_keep_chicken_salad_in_fridge", "http://www.experienceproject.com/question-answer/How-Long-Does-Chicken-Salad-Keep-In-The-Fridge-I-Made-It-On-Monday-And-Then-Lost-Interest/809889" ] }

[]

[ "9 to 40 years old" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, respectively, affect 0.5 percent and 2-3 percent of women over their lifetime. The most common age of onset is between 12-25. Although much more common in females, 10 percent of cases detected are in males. ", "Bulimia Nervosa Overview. Bulimia nervosa (bulimia) is characterized by repeatedly eating abnormally large amounts of food in a short period of time and then trying to compensate for the binge by purging (i.e., engaging in self-induced vomiting, using laxatives or diuretics), exercising excessively, or fasting. The average age of onset for bulimia is 18 years, but it occurs in children as young as 9 and adults into their mid-40s and older. Most bulimics go through a period of prolonged dieting or restricted eating before the cyclic binging-purging episodes begin.", "Bulimia nervosa, also known as simply bulimia, is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging. Binge eating refers to eating a large amount of food in a short amount of time. Purging refers to attempts to rid oneself of the food consumed. This may be done by vomiting or taking a laxative. There is also a higher risk of suicide and self-harm. Bulimia is more common among those who have a close relative with the condition. The percentage risk that is estimated to be due to genetics is between 30% and 80%.", "Bulimia nervosa (buh-LEE-me-ah nur-VOH-suh), often called bulimia, is a type of eating disorder. A person with bulimia eats a lot of food in a short amount of time (binging) and then tries to prevent weight gain by getting rid of the food (purging). A person with bulimia may be thin, overweight, or have a normal weight. Also, bulimic behavior, such as throwing up, is often done in private because the person with bulimia feels shame or disgust. This makes it hard to know if someone has bulimia. But there are warning signs to look out for.", "EPIDEMIOLOGY. Whereas the prevalence of anorexia nervosa for women in the United States is 0.5% to 1%, the prevalence of bulimia nervosa is 2% to 3% and can be as high as 10% in vulnerable populations, such as college-aged women. Males are affected by eating disorders at a rate one tenth of that of females. Bulimia nervosa is a common and treatable condition that often presents in the primary care setting. The hallmark sign for bulimia nervosa is a distorted view of food and eating. Patients with this condition often maintain a normal or above-normal weight.", "A person with bulimia feels he or she cannot control the amount of food eaten. Also, bulimics might exercise a lot, eat very little or not at all, or take pills to pass urine often to prevent weight gain. Unlike anorexia, people with bulimia can fall within the normal range for their age and weight. But like people with anorexia, bulimics: 1 Fear gaining weight. A person with bulimia may be thin, overweight, or have a normal weight. Also, bulimic behavior, such as throwing up, is often done in private because the person with bulimia feels shame or disgust. This makes it hard to know if someone has bulimia. But there are warning signs to look out for.", "Lifetime Prevalence. The reported lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa among women has ranged from 0.9% - 2.2% and 0.2 - 0.3% in men (Keski-R et al 2008). With regard to bulimia nervosa, estimates of lifetime prevalence among women range from 1.5% to 2% and 0.5% in men. Prevalence of eating disorders in young children is unknown. Eating disorders have been reported in up to 4% of adolescents and young adults. The most common age at onset for anorexia nervosa is the mid teens; in 5% of the patients, the onset of the disorder is in the early twenties. The onset of bulimia nervosa is usually in adolescence but may be as late as early adulthood.", "By Psych Central Staff ~ 2 min read. People with bulimia nervosa consume large amounts of food and then rid their bodies of the excess calories by vomiting, abusing laxatives or diuretics, taking enemas, or exercising obsessively. Some use a combination of all these forms of purging. ", "At 10 years after receiving treatment about 50% of people are fully recovered. Globally, bulimia was estimated to affect 6.5 million people in 2013. About 1% of young women have bulimia at a given point in time and about 2% to 3% of women have the condition at some point in their lives. The condition is less common in the developing world. There is also a higher risk of suicide and self-harm. Bulimia is more common among those who have a close relative with the condition. The percentage risk that is estimated to be due to genetics is between 30% and 80%." ], "url": [ "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/specialty_areas/eating_disorders/faq.html", "http://www.healthcommunities.com/eating-disorders/bulimia-nervosa.shtml", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulimia_nervosa", "http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/bulimia-nervosa.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC419300/", "http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/bulimia-nervosa.html", "http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/psychiatry-psychology/eating-disorders/", "http://psychcentral.com/disorders/bulimia-bulimia-nervosa-symptoms/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulimia_nervosa" ] }

[]

[ "$38,000 to $70,000 per year." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Answers. Best Answer: The median hourly pay rate for RNs in FL is $28.82 and yearly income is $62,270 according to the US bearer of labor statistics. You will be a new graduate, with less than an average amount of experience and without a bachelors degree, so you would likely be on the lower end of that. ", "Confidence votes 201. Salaries for nurses in Florida (or anywhere in the USA) are payed by the hour not on a per year basis. Starting salaries for RN's are between $19 to $24 dollars per hour depending on where you work (hospital, nursing home, doctors office, home care, ect.) and what you specialty is. ", "How much do RNs make? According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics records for May 2012, the average registered nurse salary in the United States is $67,930, which is equivalent to a mean hourly wage of $32.66. Registered nurses that are employed in general medical hospitals make an average mean salary of $69,490, while those in physician offices earn significantly less than average at $62,120.", "According to the website Payscale, RNs in Florida earn a median salary of about $51,000 per year, which is similar to Georgia and higher than North Carolina, where RN salaries are about $49,000 per year. The salary of nurses in Florida varies by specialty and the type of care setting they work in. RN residents make about $42,000 per year, while those in pediatric nursing earn about $56", "In Florida, however, though RN demand still is high, the pay scale for nurses has yet to be pushed up to the $30 per hour average standard. MSN's in Florida working in hospitals stand to make only about $34-$42 per hour for their extra 3 years post BSN training. On average a RN makes from $38,000 to $70,000 per year. New grads in some areas such as NY can ma … ke $50,000 per year.... After you get a year or two under your belt in med surge, try traveling nursing.....you can make upwards of $80K to $90K per year...this assignments usually are 4 weeks to 12 weeks.", "Considerations. In contrast to RN salaries, nurse salaries for LPNs in Florida are among the highest in the United States. According to Payscale, Florida LPNs earn a median salary of about $37,000 per year, second only to New York at $39,000 per year. The salary of nurses in Florida varies by specialty and the type of care setting they work in. RN residents make about $42,000 per year, while those in pediatric nursing earn about $56", "Nurse salaries in Florida vary according to the level of education and certification the nurses have. Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) earn an average of about $36,000 per year in Florida. Registered nurses (RNs) earn about $48,000 per year. The salary of nurses in Florida varies by specialty and the type of care setting they work in. RN residents make about $42,000 per year, while those in pediatric nursing earn about $56", "As stated on the bls.gov website, the median average wage for a RN (Registered Nurse) was around $69,790 or about $33.55 as an hourly rate in 2014. The lowest paid 10% of employed RN’s made less than $45,880 ($22.06 per hour), and the upper 10% percent made more than $98,880 ($47.54 per hour). The average salary for a RN working for an outpatient care center is $72,390 or $34.80 an hour. In local, private, and state hospitals, the average annual salary is roughly $71,640 ($34.44 per hour). Home health service RN’s earn an estimated $67,880 ($32.64 hourly). For nursing and residential care facilities, the average annually salary is around $62,440 or $28.28 per hour. Finally, in offices of physicians, a RN can earn an average of $58,420 ($30.02 per hour). In 2014, the top paying state for a registered nurse was California with an average annual salary of $98,440 ($47.31 an", "Ok, the above answer is not true. As an RN in Florida I can say that RN's starting salary is between $21-$24 per hour with an average of 1 dollar pay increases per hour per year, not to mention this is before taxes are taken out. RN's are in demand in Florida, but they are not as well compensated as is rumored. On average a RN makes from $38,000 to $70,000 per year. New grads in some areas such as NY can ma … ke $50,000 per year.... After you get a year or two under your belt in med surge, try traveling nursing.....you can make upwards of $80K to $90K per year...this assignments usually are 4 weeks to 12 weeks." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20101013150439AAQFp9S", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_money_does_a_registered_nurse_earn_in_Florida", "http://www.access2knowledge.org/jobs-education/much-registered-nurses-make/", "http://www.ehow.com/about_4672844_what-salary-nurse-florida.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_money_does_a_Florida_RN_make", "http://www.ehow.com/about_4672844_what-salary-nurse-florida.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_4672844_what-salary-nurse-florida.html", "http://www.hospitaljobsinc.com/how-much-does-a-registered-nurse-make/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_much_money_does_a_Florida_RN_make" ] }

[]

[ "Chinese empress and wife of the Yellow Emperor.", "Leizu was a legendary Chinese empress and wife of the Yellow Emperor. According to tradition, she discovered silk and invented the silk loom in the 27th century.Leizu discovered silkworms while on a walk investigating damage to the emperor's mulberry trees." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Leizu then discovered how to combine the silk fibers into a thread. She also invented the silk loom that combined the threads into a soft cloth. Soon Leizu had a forest of mulberry trees for the silkworms to feed on and taught the rest of China how to make silk. Legend of Silk. Legend has it that the process for making silk cloth was first invented by the wife of the Yellow Emperor, Leizu, around the year 2696 BC. The idea for silk first came to Leizu while she was having tea in the imperial gardens.", "The production of silk originates in China in the Neolithic (Yangshao culture, 4th millennium BCE). Silk remained confined to China until the Silk Road opened at some point during the later half of the first millennium BCE. ", "Legend has it that it was the Leizu (嫘祖), wife of the Yellow Emperor, ruler of China in about 3000 BC, who discovered silkworms and subsequently invented the silk reel and the silk loom. How Guge Kingdom Disappeared. Legend has it that it was the Leizu", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Leizu (Chinese: 嫘祖; pinyin: Lei Léi), zǔ also known As Xi (Lingshi: chinese, 西陵氏-Wade Giles Hsi-ling), shih was a Legendary chinese empress and wife of The Yellow. Emperor according to, tradition she discovered, silk, sericulture and invented the silk, loom in the 27th CENTURY. bc ", "Weapons of Ancient China. Legend has it that it was the Leizu(嫘祖), wife of the Yellow Emperor, ruler of China in about 3000 BC, who discovered silkworms and subsequently invented the silk reel and the silk loom. How Guge Kingdom Disappeared", "Leizu(嫘祖) was a legendary Chinese empress and wife of the Yellow Emperor. According to tradition, she discovered silk and invented the silk loom in the 27th century BC. Leizu discovered silkworms while on a walk investigating damage to the emperor's mulberry trees. However there are different accounts of exactly how she discovered that silkworms made silk. One account says that she used her finger to touch a piece of the silk worm causing a strand of silk come out.", "The Chinese emperor Huang Di's wife Lei Zu, discovered that silkworms made their cocoons of silk. She discovered how to weave it into silk cloth. ", "History of Silk. (Sogdian silk, 8th century). ORIGIN OF SILK-LEGEND OF LADY HSI-LING-SHIH. Chinese legend gives the title Goddess of Silk to Lady Hsi-Ling-Shih, wife of the mythical Yellow Emperor, who was said to have ruled China in about 3000 BC. She is credited with the introduction of silkworm rearing and the invention of the loom. ", "Silk fabric was invented in Ancient China and played an important role in their culture and economy for thousands of years. Legend of Silk. Legend has it that the process for making silk cloth was first invented by the wife of the Yellow Emperor, Leizu, around the year 2696 BC. The idea for silk first came to Leizu while she was having tea in the imperial gardens.", "The most mysterious thing about Guge Kingdom is how a kingdom with such rich and well-developed... Legend has it that it was the Leizu(嫘祖), wife of the Yellow Emperor, ruler of China in about 3000 BC, who discovered silkworms and subsequently invented the silk reel and the silk loom. How Guge Kingdom Disappeared" ], "url": [ "http://www.ducksters.com/history/china/legend_of_silk.php", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Silk", "http://history.cultural-china.com/en/182History5680.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leizu", "http://history.cultural-china.com/en/182History5680.html", "http://history.cultural-china.com/en/48History5683.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_discovered_first_discovered_silk", "http://www.silk-road.com/artl/silkhistory.shtml", "http://www.ducksters.com/history/china/legend_of_silk.php", "http://history.cultural-china.com/en/182History5680.html" ] }

[]

[ "30-45 minutes" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Boil until tender [usually, 30-45 minutes, depending on the size of the beets]. 2 Boiling can take up to 60 minutes for larger beets. 3 Drain and run cold water over beets. 4 The skins will slip right off with the root ends, but make sure you wear kitchen gloves so your hands don't turn red.", "1 Place in a saucepan covered with salted water to taste (with at least 1 tsp of vinegar). 2 Boil until tender [usually, 30-45 minutes, depending on the size of the beets]. 3 Boiling can take up to 60 minutes for larger beets. 4 Drain and run cold water over beets.", "Whole young beets, you can boil or bake for 30 to 40 minutes depending on their size. Old beets will cook in 1 hour or more. Microwaving will reduce the time to 8-12 min. Grated sauteed beets will be done in 15 min.", "Stove top: Boil the beets in water until tender, about 20 to 30 minutes. Or steam them, using less water. Oven roasting: Place peeled and quartered beets in a single layer in a roasting pan or baking dish. Add a few tablespoons of olive oil, some minced garlic, salt and pepper to taste, and combine.", "Directions. Place the beets in a large saucepan and add water to cover and the lemon juice or vinegar. This will help to keep the beets from bleeding. Bring to a boil, reduce heat and simmer until tender, about 45 minutes to 1 hour. Place pot under running cold water and let rinse until beets can be handled. The skins can now be easily peeled off the beets.", "Microwave for 2 to 4 minutes per beet (2 minutes for small beets, 4 for medium-large) is a guideline, depending on your particular microwave unit. Best to start with less time and check for doneness). Don’t use too much water, otherwise it will boil up and get all over your microwave." ], "url": [ "http://www.food.com/recipe/betty-crocker-how-to-cook-beets-266465", "http://www.food.com/recipe/betty-crocker-how-to-cook-beets-266465", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_do_you_cook_fresh_beets", "http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2006-08-23/news/0608230098_1_fresh-beets", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/boiled-beets-recipe.html", "http://www.vegkitchen.com/tips/beets/" ] }

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[ "A theoretical economic and social political condition in which consumer demand is manipulated, in a deliberate and coordinated way, on a very large scale, through mass-marketing techniques, to the advantage of sellers.", "A theoretical economic and social political condition in which consumer demand is manipulated, in a deliberate and coordinated way, on a very large scale, through mass-marketing techniques, to the advantage of sellers." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For the sake of simplicity let’s call the system consumer capitalism. Doing so does not ignore the fact that from the Progressivism of the early twentieth century through Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal up until the present this consumer capitalism has been modified. What label we pin on any newly emerging economic system is not as important as its ingredients. The problem with our present consumer capitalism is not the name. Critics do not desire an anti-consumer capitalism, just one that does not overemphasize consumption.", "Consumer Capitalism will be a critical addition to the growing debate on the consumer as citizen and consumer protection policies. The unfettered marketplace, in which uncertainty rules and the admonition caveat emptor ('let the buyer beware') dictates each consumer decision, has today virtually disappeared. Consumers have become the focus of intensive economic policymaking designed to protect them from the risks and disappointments of the market.", "Consumer capitalism is a theoretical economic and social political condition in which consumer demand is manipulated, in a deliberate and coordinated way, on a very large scale, through mass-marketing techniques, to the advantage of sellers. The theory is controversial. It suggests manipulation of consumer demand so potent that it has a coercive effect, amounts to a departure from free-market capitalism, and has an adverse effect on society in general. According to one source, the power of such 'manipulation' is not straight forward. Some use the phrase as shorthand for the broader idea that the interests of other non-business entities (governments, religions, the military, educational institutions) are intertwined with corporate business interests, and that those entities also participate in the management of social expectations through mass media.", "It is based upon individual selfishness and not communal goals. To conclude, it is evident that global capitalism has developed a panetary consumer culture and that that culture both excludes and exploits. However, consumer culture is not 'based' upon exploitation and exclusion. Instead, it is based upon progress and the continual rise of living standards. It is an unfortunate consequence that this occurs in an exploitative and exclusive way, but it is not an intended goal.", "Capitalism is an economic system in which trade, industry, and the means of production are privately owned and operated via profit and loss calculation (price signals) through the price system. ", "The word capitalism is now quite commonly used to describe the social system in which we now live. It is also often assumed that it has existed, if not forever, then for most of human history. In fact, capitalism is a relatively new social system. For a brief historical account of how capitalism came into existence a couple of hundred years ago, see Marx and Engels' Communist Manifesto. Class division. Capitalism is the social system which now exists in all countries of the world. Under this system, the means for producing and distributing goods (the land, factories, technology, transport system etc) are owned by a small minority of people. We refer to this group of people as the capitalist class.", "consumer girl image by Lev Dolgatshjov from Fotolia.com. Consumer capitalism is a term that has been continually redefined since its introduction into popular culture in the 1920s as the public relations industry became ubiquitous, and used techniques derived from psychology and sociology to mass market consumer goods. For instance, the consumer may think he wants or needs a product, and as long as this desire is maintained, the value of the product will continue to rise. Consumer capitalism functions on the basic economic paradigm of supply and demand, but without regard to a product's intrinsic value.", "It depends upon a new kind of individualism-projective individualism, where persons use consumer capitalism to project the kind of person who they want to be. Some use the phrase as shorthand for the broader idea that the interests of other non-business entities (governments, religions, the military, educational institutions) are intertwined with corporate business interests, and that those entities also participate in the management of social expectations through mass media.", "If consumer capitalism is indeed replaced by a new economic structure, many capitalist bricks may still be needed for any new construction. Whether we choose to attempt new building or just apply a little patching here or there is up to us. What label we pin on any newly emerging economic system is not as important as its ingredients. The problem with our present consumer capitalism is not the name. Critics do not desire an anti-consumer capitalism, just one that does not overemphasize consumption." ], "url": [ "https://www.laprogressive.com/is-consumer-capitalism-outdated/", "http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu/book/?GCOI=80140100126490", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_capitalism", "http://jakeg.co.uk/essays/consumer_exploitation/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism", "http://www.worldsocialism.org/english/what-capitalism", "http://www.ehow.com/about_6589518_consumer-capitalism-definition.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_capitalism", "https://www.laprogressive.com/is-consumer-capitalism-outdated/" ] }

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[ "13", "At the age of 12 years", "16–17" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Puberty is started by hormones, which are chemicals that tell parts of the body to do things. Today, on average, girls start puberty at age 10 or 11, and boys at age 11 or 12. However, people all over the world start puberty at different ages. For most boys, puberty takes about six years and ends when they are about 17 or 18 years old. At the end of puberty, a teenager is usually about 10 to 30 centimetres (cm) (4 to 12 inches (in)) taller, 7 to 29 kilograms (kg) (15 to 65 pounds (lb)) heavier, and stronger.", "Girls usually complete puberty by ages 15–17, while boys usually complete puberty by ages 16–17. The major landmark of puberty for females is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs on average between ages 12–13; for males, it is the first ejaculation, which occurs on average at age 13. For most boys, puberty takes about six years and ends when they are about 17 or 18 years old. At the end of puberty, a teenager is usually about 10 to 30 centimetres (cm) (4 to 12 inches (in)) taller, 7 to 29 kilograms (kg) (15 to 65 pounds (lb)) heavier, and stronger.", "Boys develop and mature at different rates. Even if your friends have started to mature before you, don't worry; it's totally natural and there is nothing to be concerned about. Although the average age at which boys start puberty is 12 to 13 it can start at anywhere from 9 right up until 16. Puberty lasts around 5-6 years on average for boys. Most boys have finished puberty by the time they are 18-20. There are many factors involved and remember everyone is different. Females generally start puberty from the age of 9 -14 years old. however puberty varies in every case. Typically, girls start noticing the changes that occur with puberty be … tween the age of 9 and 11.", "Best Answer: Guys usually hit puberty at around 12-15 years, usually in middle-school. There are a few guys at my high school who haven't hit puberty yet. Girls usually hit puberty 2 years younger than guys. I started puberty when I was 13, getting dark hair in my downstairs area. Major things like my voice changing, my growth spurt (From 5'5 to 5'10), hairy legs, hairy armpits happened when I was 14.", "1 Most guys hit puberty sometime from ages 9-14 -- the average age is 12. 2 Puberty is only late if you’re 14 years old and aren’t showing any signs. 3 You might be overlooking something. 1 Your body might not be that late. 2 Most guys hit puberty sometime from ages 9-14 -- the average age is 12. 3", "In girls, puberty usually starts around 11 years of age, but it may start as early as 6 or 7 years of age. In boys, puberty begins around 12 years as age, but may start as early as 9 years of age. Puberty is a process that goes on for several years. Most girls are physically mature by about 14 years of age.", "Parents, Boys, and Puberty. Once puberty starts, a boy will begin to change. Most parents think this puberty onset will happen at age 12 or 13. But for white boys, it's 10 years old -- this is fifth grade, Herman-Giddens says. Now they are having to grapple with changes in their body and soon-to-develop sexual feelings at a younger age", "Reviewed by Brunilda Nazario, MD. Oct. 20, 2012 -- American boys are starting puberty up to two years earlier than decades ago, new data show. Boys are entering puberty at an average age of 10 among whites and Hispanics, and at an average age of 9 among African-Americans. About a third of boys start to mature sexually up to two years earlier than average. ", "Although there is a wide range of normal ages, girls typically begin the process of puberty at age 10 or 11; boys at ages 11–12. Girls usually complete puberty by ages 15–17, while boys usually complete puberty by ages 16–17. The major landmark of puberty for females is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs on average between ages 12–13; for males, it is the first ejaculation, which occurs on average at age 13." ], "url": [ "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puberty", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puberty", "http://www.answers.com/Q/At_what_age_do_boys_go_through_puberty", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081012081739AAdMlDO", "http://teens.webmd.com/boys/features/teen-boy-late-puberty", "http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/teens/puberty-sexuality/puberty-what-to-expect-when-your-child-goes-through-puberty.html", "http://www.webmd.com/children/news/20121020/earlier-puberty-age-9-10-average-us-boy?page=2", "http://www.webmd.com/children/news/20121020/earlier-puberty-age-9-10-average-us-boy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puberty" ] }

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[ "A long range laser rangefinder is capable of measuring distance up to 20 km; mounted on a tripod with an angular mount.The resulting system also provides azimuth and elevation measurements.A laser rangefinder is a rangefinder which uses a laser beam to determine the distance to an object." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Laser tape measures are alternatives to traditional metal tape measures; they're used to calculate lengths, widths and heights of up to about 650 feet (198 meters). To use a laser tape measure, you place the device on one end of what you want to measure, and then aim the laser beam so that it hits an object at the other end. If there's no wall, pole or anything like that, you can put a target at the spot you want to measure up to", "SUMMARY A Laser Distance Meter sendsa pulse of laser light to the target and measuresthe time it takesforthe reflection to return.For distances up to 30m, the accuracy isÉ3mm. Isé3mm-on board processing allowsthe device to, add,subtract calculate areas and volumesand to.Triangulate you can measure distances at a. distance But don’t worry –the technology is well established and reliable!A laser distance meter can measure distances of up to 30m with an accuracy of É3mm.é3mm An Ultrasonic Distance meter works on a similar, principle but instead of light it uses sound with a pitch too high for the human ear to. hear", "1 Triangulation is a geometric method, useful for distances in the range of ≈ 1 mm to many kilometers. 2 Time-of-flight measurements (or pulse measurements) are based on measuring the time of flight of a laser pulse from the measurement device to some target and back again. Some of the most important techniques used for laser distance meters are as follows: 1 ", "A long range laser rangefinder is capable of measuring distance up to 20 km; mounted on a tripod with an angular mount. The resulting system also provides azimuth and elevation measurements. A laser rangefinder is a rangefinder which uses a laser beam to determine the distance to an object. The more powerful models of rangefinders measure distance up to 25 km and are normally installed either on a tripod or directly on a vehicle or gun platform. In the latter case the rangefinder module is integrated with on-board thermal, night vision and daytime observation equipment.", "Laser Distance Measuring Tools, also known as Electronic Tape Measures, Laser Distance Finders or Digital Measuring Devices, offer true laser light (not sound) for the most accurate measuring. ", "Laser Entfernungsmesser image by Otmar Smit from Fotolia.com. A laser distance meter works by use measuring the time it takes a pulse of laser light to be reflected off a target and returned to the sender. Operating Principle. A laser distance meter emits a pulse of laser at a target. The pulse then reflects off the target and back to the sending device (in this case, a laser distance meter).", "The laser beam is used to measure the distance to the first object on its path. Laser rangefinders are used extensively in 3-D object recognition, 3-D object modelling, and a wide variety of computer vision-related fields. The more powerful models of rangefinders measure distance up to 25 km and are normally installed either on a tripod or directly on a vehicle or gun platform. In the latter case the rangefinder module is integrated with on-board thermal, night vision and daytime observation equipment.", "The generated light energy has a wavelength of approximately 900 nanometers, with a beam divergence of 3 milliradians-equal to a beam width of roughly 0.3 m at 100 m or likewise, 3 ft at 1000 ft. Laser Technology products calculate distance by measuring the time of flight of very short pulses of infrared light. ", "Laser Radar. A laser radar is a device which uses one of the distance measurement techniques as described above, and scans the direction of the distance measurement in two dimensions. This allows the acquisition of an image, or more precisely a depth profile of some object, as required e.g. in robotics. Some of the most important techniques used for laser distance meters are as follows: 1 Triangulation is a geometric method, useful for distances in the range of ≈ 1 mm to many kilometers." ], "url": [ "http://home.howstuffworks.com/laser-tape-measure.htm", "http://www.transcat.com/media/pdf/cordex-laser-distance-meters.pdf", "https://www.rp-photonics.com/distance_measurements_with_lasers.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_rangefinder", "http://www.engineersupply.com/Laser-Measurers.aspx", "http://www.ehow.com/about_6332366_do-laser-distance-meters-work_.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_rangefinder", "http://www.lasertech.com/How-Lasers-Work.aspx", "https://www.rp-photonics.com/distance_measurements_with_lasers.html" ] }

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[ "It is the seat of the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Best Answer: The bronze Statue of Freedom by Thomas Crawford is the crowning feature of the dome of the United States Capitol. The statue is a classical female figure of Freedom wearing flowing draperies. Her right hand rests upon the hilt of a sheathed sword; her left holds a laurel wreath of victory and the shield of the United States with thirteen stripes.", "Slave Who Built the Statue on Top of the Capitol Building Finally to Be Honored. The Statue of Freedom that sits on top of the U.S. Capitol Building is an iconic part of the D.C. skyline. But not many people know that without a slave by the name of Philip Reid, that all-American statue would have never been built. 1. The Statue of Freedom that sits on top of the U.S. Capitol Building is an iconic part of the D.C. skyline. But not many people know that without a slave by the name of Philip Reid, that all-American statue would have never been built. Now Reid is finally getting the recognition he deserves", "Her crest peaks at 288 feet (88 meters) above the east front plaza of the U.S. Capitol. She is a female allegorical figure whose right hand holds the hilt of a sheathed sword while a laurel wreath of victory and the Shield of the United States are clasped in her left hand. Crawford was commissioned to design Freedom in 1854 and executed the plaster model for the statue in his studio in Rome. Mississippian senator and U.S. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis (who would later become President of the Confederacy) was in charge of the Capitol construction and its decorations.", "The United States Capitol, often called Capitol Hill, is the seat of the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government. It sits atop Capitol Hill, at the eastern end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C. . The Capitol has a long history in art of the United States, beginning in 1856 with Italian / Greek American artist Constantino Brumidi and his murals in the hallways of the first floor of the Senate side of the Capitol.", "Though not at the geographic center of the Federal District, the Capitol forms the origin point for the District's street-numbering system and the District's four quadrants. The original building was completed in the year 1800 and was subsequently expanded, particularly with the addition of the massive dome. The Capitol has a long history in art of the United States, beginning in 1856 with Italian / Greek American artist Constantino Brumidi and his murals in the hallways of the first floor of the Senate side of the Capitol.", "Reaching to a height of over 200 feet, the Capitol dome is topped by Daniel Chester French's elegant gilded bronze statue, Wisconsin.. Edwin Blashfield's mural Resources of Wisconsin lavishly decorates the ceiling of the rotunda, which is the only granite dome in the United States. ", "Sat-Sun & Holidays 8:00am - 4:00pm. The statue atop the state capitol building is named Wisconsin and was placed on the capitol dome as a symbol of the state's motto, Forward.. ", "Restoration of the statue and the pedestal was completed in approximately four months. The Statue of Freedom was returned to its pedestal by helicopter on October 23, 1993, amid the celebration of the bicentennial of the U.S. Capitol. Since then, every 2–3 years, the statue undergoes two weeks of cleaning and recoating as necessary. Crawford was commissioned to design Freedom in 1854 and executed the plaster model for the statue in his studio in Rome. Mississippian senator and U.S. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis (who would later become President of the Confederacy) was in charge of the Capitol construction and its decorations.", "In 1859 Thomas Crawford's plaster model for the Statue of Freedom, designed for the top of the dome, arrived from the sculptor's studio in Rome. With a height of 19 feet 6 inches, the statue was almost 3 feet taller than specified, and Walter was compelled to make revisions to his design for the dome. The statue is a classical female figure of Freedom wearing flowing draperies. Her right hand rests upon the hilt of a sheathed sword; her left holds a laurel wreath of victory and the shield of the United States with thirteen stripes." ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070912115049AAFMsb4", "http://dcinno.streetwise.co/2014/04/17/slave-who-built-the-statue-on-top-of-the-capitol-building-finally-to-be-honored/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Freedom", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Capitol", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Capitol", "http://tours.wisconsin.gov/pub/Content.aspx?p=Capitol%20Tour", "https://kb.wisc.edu/vip/page.php?id=11546", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statue_of_Freedom", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070912115049AAFMsb4" ] }

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[ "Increase the defense and his attack deal more damage on opponents" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Oil Shower is one of Hakan's follow ups after an Oil Slide. 2 The effect is the same as Light Kick Oil Shower, and he will be in advantage nevertheless. 3 Light Punch Oil Slide has a faster startup, and can be connected from Crouching Light Punch or Step Low (F + Light Kick).", "When Hakan is oiled up, his defense is increaded (he takes less damage from attacks) and many of his attacks deal more damage. His command grabs all do more damage, and both of his Ultras do more damage. His command grabs have their range increased so they're easier to connect with. His maneuverability increases.", "To be blunt about the subject, if a bottle of oil does not contain the following basic information then DO NOT buy it look for something that does! 1 The purpose for which it is intended (i.e. 2 Motor oil, Gear oil etc). 3 The viscosity (i.e. 10w-40, 5w-30 etc for Motor oils and 80w-90, 75w-90 etc for Gear oils).", "Appearance Edit. Hakan is a huge Turkish oil wrestler with deep red skin and a strong accent. He has strange turquoise hair worn in circular curls aligned rather symmetrically on his head and a large mustache.", "1 Oil Coaster (720 + PPP): Hakan's first ultra attack does not have the same range boost that his Oil Rocket grab attack gets when oiled up. 2 However, the range is better than the Oil Rocket when you are not oiled up. 3 Keep this in mind when trying to land this ultra combo." ], "url": [ "http://wiki.shoryuken.com/Super_Street_Fighter_IV_AE/Hakan", "http://www.gamefaqs.com/boards/997808-super-street-fighter-iv-3d-edition/58626159", "http://wiki.seloc.org/a/Oil_Labelling_Explained", "http://streetfighter.wikia.com/wiki/Hakan", "http://www.kidzworld.com/article/22562-super-street-fighter-4-xbox-360-hakan-guide" ] }

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[ "The triple bottom line" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Sustainability reporting (also referred to as social reporting, corporate responsibility reporting, ESG reporting, and nonfinancial reporting) has become an established component of communication to stakeholders that complements financial reporting by leading companies. Center members also have access to other resources on sustainability reporting, including an on-demand webinars. GRI Decoded: How to use the Global Reporting Initiative (available to members) examines the GRI framework and explains how to utilize the information that GRI reporting generates. 1 Research.", "Business sustainability is often defined as managing the triple bottom line-a process by which companies manage their financial, social and environmental risks, obligations and opportunities. These three impacts are sometimes referred to as profits, people and planet. A more robust definition is that business sustainability represents resiliency over time – businesses that can survive shocks because they are intimately connected to healthy economic, social and environmental systems. These businesses create economic value and contribute to healthy ecosystems and strong communities.", "In November 2009, under the direction of Energy and Environmental Affairs (EEA) Secretary Ian Bowles, the Department of Energy Resources (DOER) commissioned a team to conduct a comprehensive six-month study of issues related to biomass sustainability and carbon policy (also referred to as the Manomet Study). ", "Part of the Compliance glossary: Business sustainability, also known as corporate sustainability, is the management and coordination of environmental, social and financial demands and concerns to ensure responsible, ethical and ongoing success. The goal of sustainability requires a more extended timeline for return on investment (ROI) but once initial investments are made, they can actually lead to increased profitability. One example is free cooling for data centers, which takes advantage of naturally-occurring phenomena to control temperatures.", "CalSTRS defines sustainability as the framework that governs our organizational business culture. Sustainable objectives are fully integrated into our everyday business practices at every level of our business operations. As an active investor, CalSTRS recognizes that environmental, social and governance, or ESG, issues affect the performance of the investment portfolio. These videos examine those issues from the perspective of an active sustainable investor; they are not intended to directly reflect the views of CalSTRS.", "Sustainability requires the reconciliation of environmental, social equity and economic demands-also referred to as the three pillars of sustainability or. Healthy ecosystems and environments are necessary to the survival and flourishing of humans and other organisms. Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems. For humans, sustainability is the potential for long-term maintenance of well being, which has ecological, economic, political and cultural dimensions.", "In a broader context, social, environmental and economic demands are considered the three pillars of sustainability. Within the corporate world, they are sometimes referred to as the triple bottom line. The goal of sustainability requires a more extended timeline for return on investment (ROI) but once initial investments are made, they can actually lead to increased profitability. One example is free cooling for data centers, which takes advantage of naturally-occurring phenomena to control temperatures.", "Sustainable design or ecological design (also referred to as green design, or sustainable architecture) is a philosophy of designing buildings to comply with the principles of social, economic and ecological sustainability. ", "The manual is the result of a long term partnership between UNEP, Delft University of Technology and international D4S experts from the Netherlands, Sweden, Italy, France, Germany, Japan, and Australia, with support from UNIDO, the Swedish EPA, and InWent, Germany. Design for Sustainability: A Global Guide (2008). A global guide for designers and industry is currently being developing to provide support to ecodesign novices, as well as those looking to further their understanding of the field. It is expected in late 2008. Design for Sustainability: A Practical Approach for Developing Economies (2007). Developed in conjunction with Delft University of Technology, this manual introduces the D4S concept and methods for applying it in a business setting in developing economies.", "The concept is a departure from the traditional concept of the bottom line, which evaluates all efforts in terms of their short-term effect on profits. In traditional corporate cultures, social and environmental concerns have typically been considered to conflict with financial goals. The goal of sustainability requires a more extended timeline for return on investment (ROI) but once initial investments are made, they can actually lead to increased profitability. One example is free cooling for data centers, which takes advantage of naturally-occurring phenomena to control temperatures." ], "url": [ "http://www.bcccc.net/corporate-sustainability.html", "http://lexicon.ft.com/Term?term=business-sustainability", "http://www.mass.gov/eea/energy-utilities-clean-tech/renewable-energy/biomass/biomass-sustainability-and-carbon-policy-study.html", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/business-sustainability", "http://www.calstrs.com/sustainability", "http://www.definitions.net/definition/Sustainability", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/business-sustainability", "http://sustainable.com.au/sustainable-architecture.html", "http://www.unep.org/resourceefficiency/Business/SustainableProducts/DesignforSustainability/tabid/78845/Default.aspx", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/business-sustainability" ] }

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[ "Cytoplasmic." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Aldolase A. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Aldolase A is an enzyme that catalyses a reversible aldol reaction: The substrate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (F-1,6-BP) is broken down into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). This reaction is a part of glycolysis.", "Reference Range. Aldolase is an enzyme responsible for breaking down glucose products into energy, specifically converting fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into the triose phosphates dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate.", "(redirected from Liver-type aldolase). A gene on chromosome 9q21.3-q22.2 that encodes aldolase B (fructose-bisphosphate aldolase), a glycolytic enzyme that catalyses the reversible conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.", "Aldolase is present in all animal and plant tissue, and in most microorganisms. Class I aldolase, found in animal and higher plant tissue, is characterized by the lack of requirement for a bivalent metal cofactor, and by the formation of ketimine Schiff base intermediate with the substrate dihyroxyacetone phosphate.", "Alteration of the shape of the enzyme makes it difficult for the aldolase B enzymes to bind together and form tetramers. If it is not in a tetramer, aldolase B cannot metabolize fructose. A lack of functional aldolase B results in an accumulation of fructose-1-phosphate in liver cells.", "Description. Aldolase is a cytoplasmic enzyme responsible for converting sugar into energy, specifically splitting aldol, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, into the triose phosphates dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehydes 3-phosphate (a reversible reaction).", "The ALDOB gene provides instructions for making the aldolase B enzyme. This enzyme is one of a group of three aldolase enzymes that are responsible for breaking down certain molecules in cells throughout the body. Four identical aldolase B enzymes need to be attached (bound) to each other in a four-enzyme unit called a tetramer to work.", "SUMMARY 1. Both the yeast and muscle aldolase reactions are shown to proceed almost exclusively by an ordered sequence Enzyme + fructose diphosphate + glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + enzyme-dihydroxyacetone phosphate (lacking a proton on the a-carbon) = enzyme + dihydroxyacetone phosphate 2." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldolase_A", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2087158-overview", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Liver-type+aldolase", "http://www.worthington-biochem.com/ALD/default.html", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ALDOB", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2087158-overview", "http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ALDOB", "http://www.jbc.org/content/240/4/1758.full.pdf" ] }

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[ "The skeletal system protects vulnerable organs such as the brain and the heart.Bones act as levers to magnify the motion of muscles" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The skeleton has six purposes in the human body. The functions performed are support, movement, protection, blood cell production, storage and endocrine regulation. To provide a main structure for the human body and to hold the ligaments and tendons together. Muscles too. The main functions are: Support: The bones support the main frame of the human body to keep its shape. Protections: The bones protect certain organs such as the brain protected by the cranium. Movement: Allows strength in moving muscles. Production: Bone marrow produces red blood cells", "The main functions are: Support: The bones support the main frame of the human body to keep its shape. Protections: The bones protect certain organs such as the brain prot … ected by the cranium. Movement: Allows strength in moving muscles. Production: Bone marrow produces red blood cells. Functions of the Skeletal System The skeletal system has five primary functions: support, storage of minerals and lipids, blood cell production, protection and leverage. The skeletal system provides structural support for the entire body.", "The skeletal system does the following main functions: 1. The skeletal system protects vulnerable organs such as the brain (protected by the skull) and the heart (protected b … y the rib cage). 2. Bones act as levers to magnify the motion of muscles. 3. Bones give the body its shape. Functions of the Skeletal System The skeletal system has five primary functions: support, storage of minerals and lipids, blood cell production, protection and leverage. The skeletal system provides structural support for the entire body.", "The adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, as well as a network of tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them. The skeletal system performs vital functions — support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation — that enable us to survive.", "The skeletal system does the following main functions: 1. The skeletal system protects vulnerable organs such as the brain (protected by the skull) and the heart (protected b … y the rib cage). 2. Bones act as levers to magnify the motion of muscles. 3. Bones give the body its shape. The main functions are: Support: The bones support the main frame of the human body to keep its shape. Protections: The bones protect certain organs such as the brain protected by the cranium. Movement: Allows strength in moving muscles. Production: Bone marrow produces red blood cells", "The collagen provides flexibility while the minerals provide tensile strength. The skeletal system has five main functions in the body, three of which are external and visible to the naked eye, and two of which are internal. The external functions are: structure, movement and protection. The internal functions are: blood cell production and storage. Save. The skeletal system is divided into two parts, the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, spinal column, ribs and sternum. The appendicular skeleton includes all upper and lower extremities, the shoulder girdle and the pelvic girdle.", "The main organs in the skeletal system are bones. Their functions are to protect the bodies organs, and keep our shape the skull protects the brain from brain dama … ge. Functions of the Skeletal System The skeletal system has five primary functions: support, storage of minerals and lipids, blood cell production, protection and leverage. The skeletal system provides structural support for the entire body." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_main_functions_of_the_skeletal_system", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_two_main_functions_of_the_skeletal_system", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_two_main_functions_of_the_skeletal_system", "http://www.livescience.com/22537-skeletal-system.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_main_functions_of_the_skeletal_system", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5084078_five-main-functions-skeletal-system.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_two_main_functions_of_the_skeletal_system" ] }

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[ "The core of large stars, especially during a nova.", "Gold is an element and is formed in the core of large stars, especially during a nova. On Earth, veins of gold are formed by separation from liquid rock after gravity agglomer." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Gold is not formed on the Earth like diamonds and many other gems and minerals. Instead, most scientists now believe that gold actually came to earth from outer space in large meteorites that have struck the planet over billions of years. While diamonds can be artificially produced, there is only so much gold available on the planet. It cannot be created in a lab the way that many gemstones can be. While some scientists believe that gold mining in outer space may be the bonanza of the future, such dreams are currently too expensive to be realized.", "Gold is an element and is formed in the core of large stars, especially during a nova. On Earth, veins of gold are formed by separation from liquid rock after gravity agglomer … ates the molecules. It will form long chains within spaces in minerals because of its resistance to combining with lighter elements. Gold isn't a rock. It is a chemical element, or, in the eyes of the geologist or miner, it is a mineral. It is … sometimes referred to as a noble metal because it doesn't react easily with other stuff in the earth. That translates into gold appearing as a pure metal in the form or tiny flakes, nuggets or the like.", "On Earth, gold is found in ores in rock formed from the Precambrian time onward. It most often occurs as a native metal, typically in a metal solid solution with silver (i.e. as a gold silver alloy). Such alloys usually have a silver content of 8–10%. The oxidation state of gold in its compounds ranges from −1 to +5, but Au(I) and Au(III) dominate its chemistry. Au(I), referred to as the aurous ion, is the most common oxidation state with soft ligands such as thioethers, thiolates, and tertiary phosphines. Au(I) compounds are typically linear.", "The process of erosion had sloughed fragments of gold from the reef into the gully. - Robyn Annear. Ancient Greeks believed that gold was formed by the rays of the sun transforming common metals in the earth. Scientists today still think that gold formation is related to stars, specifically dying stars. At the core of a dying star-a supernova-elements begin to fuse together in the extreme heat. ", "Gold is not formed in rock so much as it will tend to concentrate under certain geologic conditions. We see evidence of gold grains in some rivers, and nuggets in some rock formations. Gold isn't a rock. It is a chemical element, or, in the eyes of the geologist or miner, it is a mineral. It is … sometimes referred to as a noble metal because it doesn't react easily with other stuff in the earth. That translates into gold appearing as a pure metal in the form or tiny flakes, nuggets or the like.", "Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from Latin: aurum) and atomic number 79. In its purest form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. It is one of the least reactive chemical elements, and is solid under standard conditions. The oxidation state of gold in its compounds ranges from −1 to +5, but Au(I) and Au(III) dominate its chemistry. Au(I), referred to as the aurous ion, is the most common oxidation state with soft ligands such as thioethers, thiolates, and tertiary phosphines. Au(I) compounds are typically linear.", "Answer 1: Gold, in its pure form is not made-it occurs naturally in an elemental form. On a side note, the history of alchemy was largely based on the desire of people (probably kings!) to combine other (cheap and abundant) elements and compounds to make gold. Most of the gold products such as jewelry, etc., have a rating in karats, as you probably already know.", "Gold is an element and is formed in the core of large stars, especially during a nova. On Earth, veins of gold are formed by separation from liquid rock after gravity agglomer … ates the molecules. It will form long chains within spaces in minerals because of its resistance to combining with lighter elements. Remember that gold is an element, and it isn't made or formed in nature so much as it is a part of the mix of the things that make up the earth's structure. A link can be found below to the Wikipedia post on gold.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Gold was formed in the sense of being placed on the earth when the earth was formed by cooling down from gas ejected by the Sun some 4.5 billion years ago. Gold deposits were laid down as rocks formed as part of that cooling process. The amount of gold in the earth has been constant since then. None has been made on earth, either naturally or by alchemists (who dreamed of turning lead into gold)." ], "url": [ "http://www.goldrushnuggets.com/howdogofo.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_gold_formed_in_rock", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold", "http://ergo.slv.vic.gov.au/explore-history/golden-victoria/finding-gold/formation-gold", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_is_gold_formed_in_rock", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold", "http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=169", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_does_gold_form", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081001173532AA9liOu" ] }

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[ "Lake Michigan, Erie, and Superior." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Great Lakes-Lake Michigan. The third largest Great Lake has a water surface area of 22,300 square miles, and it contains numerous islands, notably the Beaver Island archipelago and the North and South Manitou Islands off the coast of the Little Finger area of Michigan's mitten-shaped Lower Peninsula. Learn More.", "The Great Lakes contain the largest supply of fresh water on earth; 20% of the earth's total fresh water; 9,402 miles of shoreline; and 94,710 total square miles of surface area (about the size of Texas).", "Lake Michigan's water surface is 22,300 square miles (57,800 square kilometers). It is the second largest of the Great Lakes by volume (1,180 cubic miles / 4,920 cubic km). Only Lake Superior is bigger. Lake Michigan touches Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin.", "Great Lakes-Lake Erie. Of the four Great Lakes that lap against Michigan's shores, Lake Erie is the smallest and accounts for a relatively brief stretch of coastline from the Ohio border to the mouth of the Detroit River in the southeast corner of the state. Learn More.", "The American state of Michigan borders four of the Great Lakes. The number of inland lakes in Michigan depends on the minimum size: there are 62,798 lakes ≥ 0.1 acres, 26,266 lakes ≥ 1.0 acres, 6,537 lakes ≥ 10.0 acres, 1,148 lakes ≥ 100 acres, 98 lakes ≥ 1,000 acres, and 10 lakes ≥ 10,000 acres.", "The Lake Michigan Circle Tour (LMCT) loops around Lake Michigan following state highways. These highways are usually the closest to the lake. The LMCT follows state highways in the US states of Illinois, Indiana and Michigan and Wisconsin." ], "url": [ "http://www.michigan.org/michigan-s-great-lakes/", "http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,4561,7-135-3313_3677-15926--,00.html", "http://www.livescience.com/32011-lake-michigan.html", "http://www.michigan.org/michigan-s-great-lakes/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_lakes_in_Michigan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes_Circle_Tour" ] }

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