Datasets:
subset
stringclasses 6
values | context
stringlengths 16
17.7k
| context_tokens
sequence | qid
stringlengths 32
32
| question
stringlengths 1
717
| question_tokens
sequence | detected_answers
sequence | answers
sequencelengths 1
25
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SQuAD | Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | {
"tokens": [
"Architecturally",
",",
"the",
"school",
"has",
"a",
"Catholic",
"character",
".",
"Atop",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"'s",
"gold",
"dome",
"is",
"a",
"golden",
"statue",
"of",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
".",
"Immediately",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"and",
"facing",
"it",
",",
"is",
"a",
"copper",
"statue",
"of",
"Christ",
"with",
"arms",
"upraised",
"with",
"the",
"legend",
"\"",
"Venite",
"Ad",
"Me",
"Omnes",
"\"",
".",
"Next",
"to",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"is",
"the",
"Basilica",
"of",
"the",
"Sacred",
"Heart",
".",
"Immediately",
"behind",
"the",
"basilica",
"is",
"the",
"Grotto",
",",
"a",
"Marian",
"place",
"of",
"prayer",
"and",
"reflection",
".",
"It",
"is",
"a",
"replica",
"of",
"the",
"grotto",
"at",
"Lourdes",
",",
"France",
"where",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
"reputedly",
"appeared",
"to",
"Saint",
"Bernadette",
"Soubirous",
"in",
"1858",
".",
"At",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"drive",
"(",
"and",
"in",
"a",
"direct",
"line",
"that",
"connects",
"through",
"3",
"statues",
"and",
"the",
"Gold",
"Dome",
")",
",",
"is",
"a",
"simple",
",",
"modern",
"stone",
"statue",
"of",
"Mary",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
15,
17,
21,
28,
32,
34,
43,
52,
54,
59,
63,
68,
76,
79,
84,
89,
92,
94,
101,
108,
111,
115,
122,
126,
128,
140,
143,
149,
152,
156,
161,
170,
174,
181,
183,
185,
188,
190,
197,
204,
207,
214,
219,
224,
233,
238,
242,
249,
250,
257,
260,
263,
268,
269,
271,
276,
279,
283,
288,
297,
300,
304,
313,
316,
320,
327,
332,
334,
346,
353,
357,
366,
369,
373,
379,
381,
383,
390,
396,
399,
406,
410,
420,
422,
425,
428,
430,
438,
441,
445,
452,
455,
462,
464,
471,
477,
481,
488,
493,
503,
512,
515,
521,
532,
542,
545,
549,
551,
554,
558,
562,
565,
569,
574,
580,
581,
585,
588,
590,
597,
602,
607,
616,
624,
626,
634,
638,
642,
647,
651,
652,
654,
657,
659,
665,
667,
674,
680,
687,
690,
694
]
} | 38cc2597b6624bd8af1e8ba7f693096f | To whom did the Virgin Mary allegedly appear in 1858 in Lourdes France? | {
"tokens": [
"To",
"whom",
"did",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
"allegedly",
"appear",
"in",
"1858",
"in",
"Lourdes",
"France",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
12,
16,
23,
28,
38,
45,
48,
53,
56,
64,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"Saint Bernadette Soubirous"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
515
],
"end": [
540
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
102
],
"end": [
104
]
}
]
} | [
"Saint Bernadette Soubirous"
] |
SQuAD | Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | {
"tokens": [
"Architecturally",
",",
"the",
"school",
"has",
"a",
"Catholic",
"character",
".",
"Atop",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"'s",
"gold",
"dome",
"is",
"a",
"golden",
"statue",
"of",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
".",
"Immediately",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"and",
"facing",
"it",
",",
"is",
"a",
"copper",
"statue",
"of",
"Christ",
"with",
"arms",
"upraised",
"with",
"the",
"legend",
"\"",
"Venite",
"Ad",
"Me",
"Omnes",
"\"",
".",
"Next",
"to",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"is",
"the",
"Basilica",
"of",
"the",
"Sacred",
"Heart",
".",
"Immediately",
"behind",
"the",
"basilica",
"is",
"the",
"Grotto",
",",
"a",
"Marian",
"place",
"of",
"prayer",
"and",
"reflection",
".",
"It",
"is",
"a",
"replica",
"of",
"the",
"grotto",
"at",
"Lourdes",
",",
"France",
"where",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
"reputedly",
"appeared",
"to",
"Saint",
"Bernadette",
"Soubirous",
"in",
"1858",
".",
"At",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"drive",
"(",
"and",
"in",
"a",
"direct",
"line",
"that",
"connects",
"through",
"3",
"statues",
"and",
"the",
"Gold",
"Dome",
")",
",",
"is",
"a",
"simple",
",",
"modern",
"stone",
"statue",
"of",
"Mary",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
15,
17,
21,
28,
32,
34,
43,
52,
54,
59,
63,
68,
76,
79,
84,
89,
92,
94,
101,
108,
111,
115,
122,
126,
128,
140,
143,
149,
152,
156,
161,
170,
174,
181,
183,
185,
188,
190,
197,
204,
207,
214,
219,
224,
233,
238,
242,
249,
250,
257,
260,
263,
268,
269,
271,
276,
279,
283,
288,
297,
300,
304,
313,
316,
320,
327,
332,
334,
346,
353,
357,
366,
369,
373,
379,
381,
383,
390,
396,
399,
406,
410,
420,
422,
425,
428,
430,
438,
441,
445,
452,
455,
462,
464,
471,
477,
481,
488,
493,
503,
512,
515,
521,
532,
542,
545,
549,
551,
554,
558,
562,
565,
569,
574,
580,
581,
585,
588,
590,
597,
602,
607,
616,
624,
626,
634,
638,
642,
647,
651,
652,
654,
657,
659,
665,
667,
674,
680,
687,
690,
694
]
} | b17a05e67fd14669860a380d66aed5fb | What is in front of the Notre Dame Main Building? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Main",
"Building",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
11,
17,
20,
24,
30,
35,
40,
48
]
} | {
"text": [
"a copper statue of Christ"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
188
],
"end": [
212
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
37
],
"end": [
41
]
}
]
} | [
"a copper statue of Christ"
] |
SQuAD | Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | {
"tokens": [
"Architecturally",
",",
"the",
"school",
"has",
"a",
"Catholic",
"character",
".",
"Atop",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"'s",
"gold",
"dome",
"is",
"a",
"golden",
"statue",
"of",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
".",
"Immediately",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"and",
"facing",
"it",
",",
"is",
"a",
"copper",
"statue",
"of",
"Christ",
"with",
"arms",
"upraised",
"with",
"the",
"legend",
"\"",
"Venite",
"Ad",
"Me",
"Omnes",
"\"",
".",
"Next",
"to",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"is",
"the",
"Basilica",
"of",
"the",
"Sacred",
"Heart",
".",
"Immediately",
"behind",
"the",
"basilica",
"is",
"the",
"Grotto",
",",
"a",
"Marian",
"place",
"of",
"prayer",
"and",
"reflection",
".",
"It",
"is",
"a",
"replica",
"of",
"the",
"grotto",
"at",
"Lourdes",
",",
"France",
"where",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
"reputedly",
"appeared",
"to",
"Saint",
"Bernadette",
"Soubirous",
"in",
"1858",
".",
"At",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"drive",
"(",
"and",
"in",
"a",
"direct",
"line",
"that",
"connects",
"through",
"3",
"statues",
"and",
"the",
"Gold",
"Dome",
")",
",",
"is",
"a",
"simple",
",",
"modern",
"stone",
"statue",
"of",
"Mary",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
15,
17,
21,
28,
32,
34,
43,
52,
54,
59,
63,
68,
76,
79,
84,
89,
92,
94,
101,
108,
111,
115,
122,
126,
128,
140,
143,
149,
152,
156,
161,
170,
174,
181,
183,
185,
188,
190,
197,
204,
207,
214,
219,
224,
233,
238,
242,
249,
250,
257,
260,
263,
268,
269,
271,
276,
279,
283,
288,
297,
300,
304,
313,
316,
320,
327,
332,
334,
346,
353,
357,
366,
369,
373,
379,
381,
383,
390,
396,
399,
406,
410,
420,
422,
425,
428,
430,
438,
441,
445,
452,
455,
462,
464,
471,
477,
481,
488,
493,
503,
512,
515,
521,
532,
542,
545,
549,
551,
554,
558,
562,
565,
569,
574,
580,
581,
585,
588,
590,
597,
602,
607,
616,
624,
626,
634,
638,
642,
647,
651,
652,
654,
657,
659,
665,
667,
674,
680,
687,
690,
694
]
} | 80a511ed750842d08ecdfaaaa257d95f | The Basilica of the Sacred heart at Notre Dame is beside to which structure? | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Basilica",
"of",
"the",
"Sacred",
"heart",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"beside",
"to",
"which",
"structure",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
13,
16,
20,
27,
33,
36,
42,
47,
50,
57,
60,
66,
75
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Main Building"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
279
],
"end": [
295
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
57
],
"end": [
59
]
}
]
} | [
"the Main Building"
] |
SQuAD | Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | {
"tokens": [
"Architecturally",
",",
"the",
"school",
"has",
"a",
"Catholic",
"character",
".",
"Atop",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"'s",
"gold",
"dome",
"is",
"a",
"golden",
"statue",
"of",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
".",
"Immediately",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"and",
"facing",
"it",
",",
"is",
"a",
"copper",
"statue",
"of",
"Christ",
"with",
"arms",
"upraised",
"with",
"the",
"legend",
"\"",
"Venite",
"Ad",
"Me",
"Omnes",
"\"",
".",
"Next",
"to",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"is",
"the",
"Basilica",
"of",
"the",
"Sacred",
"Heart",
".",
"Immediately",
"behind",
"the",
"basilica",
"is",
"the",
"Grotto",
",",
"a",
"Marian",
"place",
"of",
"prayer",
"and",
"reflection",
".",
"It",
"is",
"a",
"replica",
"of",
"the",
"grotto",
"at",
"Lourdes",
",",
"France",
"where",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
"reputedly",
"appeared",
"to",
"Saint",
"Bernadette",
"Soubirous",
"in",
"1858",
".",
"At",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"drive",
"(",
"and",
"in",
"a",
"direct",
"line",
"that",
"connects",
"through",
"3",
"statues",
"and",
"the",
"Gold",
"Dome",
")",
",",
"is",
"a",
"simple",
",",
"modern",
"stone",
"statue",
"of",
"Mary",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
15,
17,
21,
28,
32,
34,
43,
52,
54,
59,
63,
68,
76,
79,
84,
89,
92,
94,
101,
108,
111,
115,
122,
126,
128,
140,
143,
149,
152,
156,
161,
170,
174,
181,
183,
185,
188,
190,
197,
204,
207,
214,
219,
224,
233,
238,
242,
249,
250,
257,
260,
263,
268,
269,
271,
276,
279,
283,
288,
297,
300,
304,
313,
316,
320,
327,
332,
334,
346,
353,
357,
366,
369,
373,
379,
381,
383,
390,
396,
399,
406,
410,
420,
422,
425,
428,
430,
438,
441,
445,
452,
455,
462,
464,
471,
477,
481,
488,
493,
503,
512,
515,
521,
532,
542,
545,
549,
551,
554,
558,
562,
565,
569,
574,
580,
581,
585,
588,
590,
597,
602,
607,
616,
624,
626,
634,
638,
642,
647,
651,
652,
654,
657,
659,
665,
667,
674,
680,
687,
690,
694
]
} | 913477b8e7f84432a16e1594219815e5 | What is the Grotto at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"Grotto",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
19,
22,
28,
32
]
} | {
"text": [
"a Marian place of prayer and reflection"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
381
],
"end": [
419
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
76
],
"end": [
82
]
}
]
} | [
"a Marian place of prayer and reflection"
] |
SQuAD | Architecturally, the school has a Catholic character. Atop the Main Building's gold dome is a golden statue of the Virgin Mary. Immediately in front of the Main Building and facing it, is a copper statue of Christ with arms upraised with the legend "Venite Ad Me Omnes". Next to the Main Building is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart. Immediately behind the basilica is the Grotto, a Marian place of prayer and reflection. It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858. At the end of the main drive (and in a direct line that connects through 3 statues and the Gold Dome), is a simple, modern stone statue of Mary. | {
"tokens": [
"Architecturally",
",",
"the",
"school",
"has",
"a",
"Catholic",
"character",
".",
"Atop",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"'s",
"gold",
"dome",
"is",
"a",
"golden",
"statue",
"of",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
".",
"Immediately",
"in",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"and",
"facing",
"it",
",",
"is",
"a",
"copper",
"statue",
"of",
"Christ",
"with",
"arms",
"upraised",
"with",
"the",
"legend",
"\"",
"Venite",
"Ad",
"Me",
"Omnes",
"\"",
".",
"Next",
"to",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"is",
"the",
"Basilica",
"of",
"the",
"Sacred",
"Heart",
".",
"Immediately",
"behind",
"the",
"basilica",
"is",
"the",
"Grotto",
",",
"a",
"Marian",
"place",
"of",
"prayer",
"and",
"reflection",
".",
"It",
"is",
"a",
"replica",
"of",
"the",
"grotto",
"at",
"Lourdes",
",",
"France",
"where",
"the",
"Virgin",
"Mary",
"reputedly",
"appeared",
"to",
"Saint",
"Bernadette",
"Soubirous",
"in",
"1858",
".",
"At",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"drive",
"(",
"and",
"in",
"a",
"direct",
"line",
"that",
"connects",
"through",
"3",
"statues",
"and",
"the",
"Gold",
"Dome",
")",
",",
"is",
"a",
"simple",
",",
"modern",
"stone",
"statue",
"of",
"Mary",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
15,
17,
21,
28,
32,
34,
43,
52,
54,
59,
63,
68,
76,
79,
84,
89,
92,
94,
101,
108,
111,
115,
122,
126,
128,
140,
143,
149,
152,
156,
161,
170,
174,
181,
183,
185,
188,
190,
197,
204,
207,
214,
219,
224,
233,
238,
242,
249,
250,
257,
260,
263,
268,
269,
271,
276,
279,
283,
288,
297,
300,
304,
313,
316,
320,
327,
332,
334,
346,
353,
357,
366,
369,
373,
379,
381,
383,
390,
396,
399,
406,
410,
420,
422,
425,
428,
430,
438,
441,
445,
452,
455,
462,
464,
471,
477,
481,
488,
493,
503,
512,
515,
521,
532,
542,
545,
549,
551,
554,
558,
562,
565,
569,
574,
580,
581,
585,
588,
590,
597,
602,
607,
616,
624,
626,
634,
638,
642,
647,
651,
652,
654,
657,
659,
665,
667,
674,
680,
687,
690,
694
]
} | 1c969af40a3248eb87a6d8c9c7c8d4ad | What sits on top of the Main Building at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"sits",
"on",
"top",
"of",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
17,
20,
24,
29,
38,
41,
47,
51
]
} | {
"text": [
"a golden statue of the Virgin Mary"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
92
],
"end": [
125
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
17
],
"end": [
23
]
}
]
} | [
"a golden statue of the Virgin Mary"
] |
SQuAD | The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"is",
"the",
"major",
"seat",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"(",
"albeit",
"not",
"its",
"official",
"headquarters",
",",
"which",
"are",
"in",
"Rome",
")",
".",
"Its",
"main",
"seminary",
",",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
",",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"campus",
"across",
"St.",
"Joseph",
"lake",
"from",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
".",
"Old",
"College",
",",
"the",
"oldest",
"building",
"on",
"campus",
"and",
"located",
"near",
"the",
"shore",
"of",
"St.",
"Mary",
"lake",
",",
"houses",
"undergraduate",
"seminarians",
".",
"Retired",
"priests",
"and",
"brothers",
"reside",
"in",
"Fatima",
"House",
"(",
"a",
"former",
"retreat",
"center",
")",
",",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"House",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"Columba",
"Hall",
"near",
"the",
"Grotto",
".",
"The",
"university",
"through",
"the",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"has",
"ties",
"to",
"theologian",
"Frederick",
"Buechner",
".",
"While",
"not",
"Catholic",
",",
"Buechner",
"has",
"praised",
"writers",
"from",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"created",
"a",
"Buechner",
"Prize",
"for",
"Preaching",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
18,
22,
28,
33,
36,
40,
53,
56,
61,
67,
68,
75,
79,
83,
92,
104,
106,
112,
116,
119,
123,
124,
126,
130,
135,
143,
145,
152,
160,
162,
165,
173,
176,
180,
187,
194,
198,
205,
210,
215,
219,
224,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
251,
258,
267,
270,
277,
281,
289,
294,
298,
304,
307,
311,
316,
320,
322,
329,
343,
354,
356,
364,
372,
376,
385,
392,
395,
402,
408,
409,
411,
418,
426,
432,
433,
435,
440,
446,
451,
453,
456,
461,
464,
472,
477,
482,
486,
492,
494,
498,
509,
517,
521,
528,
537,
541,
546,
549,
560,
570,
578,
580,
586,
590,
598,
600,
609,
613,
621,
629,
634,
640,
645,
649,
656,
665,
673,
675,
684,
690,
694,
703
]
} | cdef8f34d6eb46c5b591aa47697f9583 | Where is the headquarters of the Congregation of the Holy Cross? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"is",
"the",
"headquarters",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"the",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
9,
13,
26,
29,
33,
46,
49,
53,
58,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"Rome"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
119
],
"end": [
122
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
22
]
}
]
} | [
"Rome"
] |
SQuAD | The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"is",
"the",
"major",
"seat",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"(",
"albeit",
"not",
"its",
"official",
"headquarters",
",",
"which",
"are",
"in",
"Rome",
")",
".",
"Its",
"main",
"seminary",
",",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
",",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"campus",
"across",
"St.",
"Joseph",
"lake",
"from",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
".",
"Old",
"College",
",",
"the",
"oldest",
"building",
"on",
"campus",
"and",
"located",
"near",
"the",
"shore",
"of",
"St.",
"Mary",
"lake",
",",
"houses",
"undergraduate",
"seminarians",
".",
"Retired",
"priests",
"and",
"brothers",
"reside",
"in",
"Fatima",
"House",
"(",
"a",
"former",
"retreat",
"center",
")",
",",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"House",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"Columba",
"Hall",
"near",
"the",
"Grotto",
".",
"The",
"university",
"through",
"the",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"has",
"ties",
"to",
"theologian",
"Frederick",
"Buechner",
".",
"While",
"not",
"Catholic",
",",
"Buechner",
"has",
"praised",
"writers",
"from",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"created",
"a",
"Buechner",
"Prize",
"for",
"Preaching",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
18,
22,
28,
33,
36,
40,
53,
56,
61,
67,
68,
75,
79,
83,
92,
104,
106,
112,
116,
119,
123,
124,
126,
130,
135,
143,
145,
152,
160,
162,
165,
173,
176,
180,
187,
194,
198,
205,
210,
215,
219,
224,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
251,
258,
267,
270,
277,
281,
289,
294,
298,
304,
307,
311,
316,
320,
322,
329,
343,
354,
356,
364,
372,
376,
385,
392,
395,
402,
408,
409,
411,
418,
426,
432,
433,
435,
440,
446,
451,
453,
456,
461,
464,
472,
477,
482,
486,
492,
494,
498,
509,
517,
521,
528,
537,
541,
546,
549,
560,
570,
578,
580,
586,
590,
598,
600,
609,
613,
621,
629,
634,
640,
645,
649,
656,
665,
673,
675,
684,
690,
694,
703
]
} | bb50fb1bf7e14a2b9450298c2fd7dd02 | What is the primary seminary of the Congregation of the Holy Cross? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"primary",
"seminary",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"the",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
20,
29,
32,
36,
49,
52,
56,
61,
66
]
} | {
"text": [
"Moreau Seminary"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
145
],
"end": [
159
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
29
],
"end": [
30
]
}
]
} | [
"Moreau Seminary"
] |
SQuAD | The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"is",
"the",
"major",
"seat",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"(",
"albeit",
"not",
"its",
"official",
"headquarters",
",",
"which",
"are",
"in",
"Rome",
")",
".",
"Its",
"main",
"seminary",
",",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
",",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"campus",
"across",
"St.",
"Joseph",
"lake",
"from",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
".",
"Old",
"College",
",",
"the",
"oldest",
"building",
"on",
"campus",
"and",
"located",
"near",
"the",
"shore",
"of",
"St.",
"Mary",
"lake",
",",
"houses",
"undergraduate",
"seminarians",
".",
"Retired",
"priests",
"and",
"brothers",
"reside",
"in",
"Fatima",
"House",
"(",
"a",
"former",
"retreat",
"center",
")",
",",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"House",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"Columba",
"Hall",
"near",
"the",
"Grotto",
".",
"The",
"university",
"through",
"the",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"has",
"ties",
"to",
"theologian",
"Frederick",
"Buechner",
".",
"While",
"not",
"Catholic",
",",
"Buechner",
"has",
"praised",
"writers",
"from",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"created",
"a",
"Buechner",
"Prize",
"for",
"Preaching",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
18,
22,
28,
33,
36,
40,
53,
56,
61,
67,
68,
75,
79,
83,
92,
104,
106,
112,
116,
119,
123,
124,
126,
130,
135,
143,
145,
152,
160,
162,
165,
173,
176,
180,
187,
194,
198,
205,
210,
215,
219,
224,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
251,
258,
267,
270,
277,
281,
289,
294,
298,
304,
307,
311,
316,
320,
322,
329,
343,
354,
356,
364,
372,
376,
385,
392,
395,
402,
408,
409,
411,
418,
426,
432,
433,
435,
440,
446,
451,
453,
456,
461,
464,
472,
477,
482,
486,
492,
494,
498,
509,
517,
521,
528,
537,
541,
546,
549,
560,
570,
578,
580,
586,
590,
598,
600,
609,
613,
621,
629,
634,
640,
645,
649,
656,
665,
673,
675,
684,
690,
694,
703
]
} | 5f90062fd311467287d3417e9d16eb3a | What is the oldest structure at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"oldest",
"structure",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
19,
29,
32,
38,
42
]
} | {
"text": [
"Old College"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
234
],
"end": [
244
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
46
],
"end": [
47
]
}
]
} | [
"Old College"
] |
SQuAD | The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"is",
"the",
"major",
"seat",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"(",
"albeit",
"not",
"its",
"official",
"headquarters",
",",
"which",
"are",
"in",
"Rome",
")",
".",
"Its",
"main",
"seminary",
",",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
",",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"campus",
"across",
"St.",
"Joseph",
"lake",
"from",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
".",
"Old",
"College",
",",
"the",
"oldest",
"building",
"on",
"campus",
"and",
"located",
"near",
"the",
"shore",
"of",
"St.",
"Mary",
"lake",
",",
"houses",
"undergraduate",
"seminarians",
".",
"Retired",
"priests",
"and",
"brothers",
"reside",
"in",
"Fatima",
"House",
"(",
"a",
"former",
"retreat",
"center",
")",
",",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"House",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"Columba",
"Hall",
"near",
"the",
"Grotto",
".",
"The",
"university",
"through",
"the",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"has",
"ties",
"to",
"theologian",
"Frederick",
"Buechner",
".",
"While",
"not",
"Catholic",
",",
"Buechner",
"has",
"praised",
"writers",
"from",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"created",
"a",
"Buechner",
"Prize",
"for",
"Preaching",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
18,
22,
28,
33,
36,
40,
53,
56,
61,
67,
68,
75,
79,
83,
92,
104,
106,
112,
116,
119,
123,
124,
126,
130,
135,
143,
145,
152,
160,
162,
165,
173,
176,
180,
187,
194,
198,
205,
210,
215,
219,
224,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
251,
258,
267,
270,
277,
281,
289,
294,
298,
304,
307,
311,
316,
320,
322,
329,
343,
354,
356,
364,
372,
376,
385,
392,
395,
402,
408,
409,
411,
418,
426,
432,
433,
435,
440,
446,
451,
453,
456,
461,
464,
472,
477,
482,
486,
492,
494,
498,
509,
517,
521,
528,
537,
541,
546,
549,
560,
570,
578,
580,
586,
590,
598,
600,
609,
613,
621,
629,
634,
640,
645,
649,
656,
665,
673,
675,
684,
690,
694,
703
]
} | 569b661b865643aaa37890831fd231b5 | What individuals live at Fatima House at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"individuals",
"live",
"at",
"Fatima",
"House",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
17,
22,
25,
32,
38,
41,
47,
51
]
} | {
"text": [
"Retired priests and brothers"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
356
],
"end": [
383
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
68
],
"end": [
71
]
}
]
} | [
"Retired priests and brothers"
] |
SQuAD | The university is the major seat of the Congregation of Holy Cross (albeit not its official headquarters, which are in Rome). Its main seminary, Moreau Seminary, is located on the campus across St. Joseph lake from the Main Building. Old College, the oldest building on campus and located near the shore of St. Mary lake, houses undergraduate seminarians. Retired priests and brothers reside in Fatima House (a former retreat center), Holy Cross House, as well as Columba Hall near the Grotto. The university through the Moreau Seminary has ties to theologian Frederick Buechner. While not Catholic, Buechner has praised writers from Notre Dame and Moreau Seminary created a Buechner Prize for Preaching. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"is",
"the",
"major",
"seat",
"of",
"the",
"Congregation",
"of",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"(",
"albeit",
"not",
"its",
"official",
"headquarters",
",",
"which",
"are",
"in",
"Rome",
")",
".",
"Its",
"main",
"seminary",
",",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
",",
"is",
"located",
"on",
"the",
"campus",
"across",
"St.",
"Joseph",
"lake",
"from",
"the",
"Main",
"Building",
".",
"Old",
"College",
",",
"the",
"oldest",
"building",
"on",
"campus",
"and",
"located",
"near",
"the",
"shore",
"of",
"St.",
"Mary",
"lake",
",",
"houses",
"undergraduate",
"seminarians",
".",
"Retired",
"priests",
"and",
"brothers",
"reside",
"in",
"Fatima",
"House",
"(",
"a",
"former",
"retreat",
"center",
")",
",",
"Holy",
"Cross",
"House",
",",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"Columba",
"Hall",
"near",
"the",
"Grotto",
".",
"The",
"university",
"through",
"the",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"has",
"ties",
"to",
"theologian",
"Frederick",
"Buechner",
".",
"While",
"not",
"Catholic",
",",
"Buechner",
"has",
"praised",
"writers",
"from",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Moreau",
"Seminary",
"created",
"a",
"Buechner",
"Prize",
"for",
"Preaching",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
18,
22,
28,
33,
36,
40,
53,
56,
61,
67,
68,
75,
79,
83,
92,
104,
106,
112,
116,
119,
123,
124,
126,
130,
135,
143,
145,
152,
160,
162,
165,
173,
176,
180,
187,
194,
198,
205,
210,
215,
219,
224,
232,
234,
238,
245,
247,
251,
258,
267,
270,
277,
281,
289,
294,
298,
304,
307,
311,
316,
320,
322,
329,
343,
354,
356,
364,
372,
376,
385,
392,
395,
402,
408,
409,
411,
418,
426,
432,
433,
435,
440,
446,
451,
453,
456,
461,
464,
472,
477,
482,
486,
492,
494,
498,
509,
517,
521,
528,
537,
541,
546,
549,
560,
570,
578,
580,
586,
590,
598,
600,
609,
613,
621,
629,
634,
640,
645,
649,
656,
665,
673,
675,
684,
690,
694,
703
]
} | 65cde452a73841a9aeb0cc3e844afce6 | Which prize did Frederick Buechner create? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"prize",
"did",
"Frederick",
"Buechner",
"create",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
12,
16,
26,
35,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"Buechner Prize for Preaching"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
675
],
"end": [
702
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
125
],
"end": [
128
]
}
]
} | [
"Buechner Prize for Preaching"
] |
SQuAD | The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1920",
",",
"however",
",",
"early",
"courses",
"in",
"civil",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
"were",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"since",
"the",
"1870s",
".",
"Today",
"the",
"college",
",",
"housed",
"in",
"the",
"Fitzpatrick",
",",
"Cushing",
",",
"and",
"Stinson",
"-",
"Remick",
"Halls",
"of",
"Engineering",
",",
"includes",
"five",
"departments",
"of",
"study",
"–",
"aerospace",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
",",
"chemical",
"and",
"biomolecular",
"engineering",
",",
"civil",
"engineering",
"and",
"geological",
"sciences",
",",
"computer",
"science",
"and",
"engineering",
",",
"and",
"electrical",
"engineering",
"–",
"with",
"eight",
"B.S.",
"degrees",
"offered",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"college",
"offers",
"five",
"-",
"year",
"dual",
"degree",
"programs",
"with",
"the",
"Colleges",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"and",
"of",
"Business",
"awarding",
"additional",
"B.A.",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Business",
"Administration",
"(",
"MBA",
")",
"degrees",
",",
"respectively",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
15,
27,
31,
43,
46,
50,
52,
59,
61,
67,
75,
78,
84,
88,
99,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
130,
138,
141,
149,
155,
159,
164,
166,
172,
176,
183,
185,
192,
195,
199,
210,
212,
219,
221,
225,
232,
233,
240,
246,
249,
260,
262,
271,
276,
288,
291,
297,
299,
309,
313,
324,
335,
337,
346,
350,
363,
374,
376,
382,
394,
398,
409,
417,
419,
428,
436,
440,
451,
453,
457,
468,
480,
482,
487,
493,
498,
506,
513,
515,
527,
529,
533,
541,
548,
552,
553,
558,
563,
570,
579,
584,
588,
597,
600,
605,
609,
617,
621,
624,
633,
642,
653,
658,
662,
669,
672,
681,
696,
697,
700,
702,
709,
711,
723
]
} | 83ead65e09334e9ebcc7ccda771bf8e7 | How many BS level degrees are offered in the College of Engineering at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"BS",
"level",
"degrees",
"are",
"offered",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
18,
26,
30,
38,
41,
45,
53,
56,
68,
71,
77,
81
]
} | {
"text": [
"eight"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
487
],
"end": [
491
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
81
],
"end": [
81
]
}
]
} | [
"eight"
] |
SQuAD | The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1920",
",",
"however",
",",
"early",
"courses",
"in",
"civil",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
"were",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"since",
"the",
"1870s",
".",
"Today",
"the",
"college",
",",
"housed",
"in",
"the",
"Fitzpatrick",
",",
"Cushing",
",",
"and",
"Stinson",
"-",
"Remick",
"Halls",
"of",
"Engineering",
",",
"includes",
"five",
"departments",
"of",
"study",
"–",
"aerospace",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
",",
"chemical",
"and",
"biomolecular",
"engineering",
",",
"civil",
"engineering",
"and",
"geological",
"sciences",
",",
"computer",
"science",
"and",
"engineering",
",",
"and",
"electrical",
"engineering",
"–",
"with",
"eight",
"B.S.",
"degrees",
"offered",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"college",
"offers",
"five",
"-",
"year",
"dual",
"degree",
"programs",
"with",
"the",
"Colleges",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"and",
"of",
"Business",
"awarding",
"additional",
"B.A.",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Business",
"Administration",
"(",
"MBA",
")",
"degrees",
",",
"respectively",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
15,
27,
31,
43,
46,
50,
52,
59,
61,
67,
75,
78,
84,
88,
99,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
130,
138,
141,
149,
155,
159,
164,
166,
172,
176,
183,
185,
192,
195,
199,
210,
212,
219,
221,
225,
232,
233,
240,
246,
249,
260,
262,
271,
276,
288,
291,
297,
299,
309,
313,
324,
335,
337,
346,
350,
363,
374,
376,
382,
394,
398,
409,
417,
419,
428,
436,
440,
451,
453,
457,
468,
480,
482,
487,
493,
498,
506,
513,
515,
527,
529,
533,
541,
548,
552,
553,
558,
563,
570,
579,
584,
588,
597,
600,
605,
609,
617,
621,
624,
633,
642,
653,
658,
662,
669,
672,
681,
696,
697,
700,
702,
709,
711,
723
]
} | 55aac6d971f74ee788b641f82ae0635c | In what year was the College of Engineering at Notre Dame formed? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"was",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"formed",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
29,
32,
44,
47,
53,
58,
64
]
} | {
"text": [
"1920"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
46
],
"end": [
49
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
7
],
"end": [
7
]
}
]
} | [
"1920"
] |
SQuAD | The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1920",
",",
"however",
",",
"early",
"courses",
"in",
"civil",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
"were",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"since",
"the",
"1870s",
".",
"Today",
"the",
"college",
",",
"housed",
"in",
"the",
"Fitzpatrick",
",",
"Cushing",
",",
"and",
"Stinson",
"-",
"Remick",
"Halls",
"of",
"Engineering",
",",
"includes",
"five",
"departments",
"of",
"study",
"–",
"aerospace",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
",",
"chemical",
"and",
"biomolecular",
"engineering",
",",
"civil",
"engineering",
"and",
"geological",
"sciences",
",",
"computer",
"science",
"and",
"engineering",
",",
"and",
"electrical",
"engineering",
"–",
"with",
"eight",
"B.S.",
"degrees",
"offered",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"college",
"offers",
"five",
"-",
"year",
"dual",
"degree",
"programs",
"with",
"the",
"Colleges",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"and",
"of",
"Business",
"awarding",
"additional",
"B.A.",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Business",
"Administration",
"(",
"MBA",
")",
"degrees",
",",
"respectively",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
15,
27,
31,
43,
46,
50,
52,
59,
61,
67,
75,
78,
84,
88,
99,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
130,
138,
141,
149,
155,
159,
164,
166,
172,
176,
183,
185,
192,
195,
199,
210,
212,
219,
221,
225,
232,
233,
240,
246,
249,
260,
262,
271,
276,
288,
291,
297,
299,
309,
313,
324,
335,
337,
346,
350,
363,
374,
376,
382,
394,
398,
409,
417,
419,
428,
436,
440,
451,
453,
457,
468,
480,
482,
487,
493,
498,
506,
513,
515,
527,
529,
533,
541,
548,
552,
553,
558,
563,
570,
579,
584,
588,
597,
600,
605,
609,
617,
621,
624,
633,
642,
653,
658,
662,
669,
672,
681,
696,
697,
700,
702,
709,
711,
723
]
} | e2dad95c08334554a22b385afe4f7f42 | Before the creation of the College of Engineering similar studies were carried out at which Notre Dame college? | {
"tokens": [
"Before",
"the",
"creation",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"similar",
"studies",
"were",
"carried",
"out",
"at",
"which",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"college",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
11,
20,
23,
27,
35,
38,
50,
58,
66,
71,
79,
83,
86,
92,
98,
103,
110
]
} | {
"text": [
"the College of Science"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
126
],
"end": [
147
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
22
],
"end": [
25
]
}
]
} | [
"the College of Science"
] |
SQuAD | The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1920",
",",
"however",
",",
"early",
"courses",
"in",
"civil",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
"were",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"since",
"the",
"1870s",
".",
"Today",
"the",
"college",
",",
"housed",
"in",
"the",
"Fitzpatrick",
",",
"Cushing",
",",
"and",
"Stinson",
"-",
"Remick",
"Halls",
"of",
"Engineering",
",",
"includes",
"five",
"departments",
"of",
"study",
"–",
"aerospace",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
",",
"chemical",
"and",
"biomolecular",
"engineering",
",",
"civil",
"engineering",
"and",
"geological",
"sciences",
",",
"computer",
"science",
"and",
"engineering",
",",
"and",
"electrical",
"engineering",
"–",
"with",
"eight",
"B.S.",
"degrees",
"offered",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"college",
"offers",
"five",
"-",
"year",
"dual",
"degree",
"programs",
"with",
"the",
"Colleges",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"and",
"of",
"Business",
"awarding",
"additional",
"B.A.",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Business",
"Administration",
"(",
"MBA",
")",
"degrees",
",",
"respectively",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
15,
27,
31,
43,
46,
50,
52,
59,
61,
67,
75,
78,
84,
88,
99,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
130,
138,
141,
149,
155,
159,
164,
166,
172,
176,
183,
185,
192,
195,
199,
210,
212,
219,
221,
225,
232,
233,
240,
246,
249,
260,
262,
271,
276,
288,
291,
297,
299,
309,
313,
324,
335,
337,
346,
350,
363,
374,
376,
382,
394,
398,
409,
417,
419,
428,
436,
440,
451,
453,
457,
468,
480,
482,
487,
493,
498,
506,
513,
515,
527,
529,
533,
541,
548,
552,
553,
558,
563,
570,
579,
584,
588,
597,
600,
605,
609,
617,
621,
624,
633,
642,
653,
658,
662,
669,
672,
681,
696,
697,
700,
702,
709,
711,
723
]
} | 0e413afa4f65444fa504e75fe6a4cfaa | How many departments are within the Stinson-Remick Hall of Engineering? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"departments",
"are",
"within",
"the",
"Stinson",
"-",
"Remick",
"Hall",
"of",
"Engineering",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
21,
25,
32,
36,
43,
44,
51,
56,
59,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
271
],
"end": [
274
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
50
],
"end": [
50
]
}
]
} | [
"five"
] |
SQuAD | The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechanical engineering, chemical and biomolecular engineering, civil engineering and geological sciences, computer science and engineering, and electrical engineering – with eight B.S. degrees offered. Additionally, the college offers five-year dual degree programs with the Colleges of Arts and Letters and of Business awarding additional B.A. and Master of Business Administration (MBA) degrees, respectively. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1920",
",",
"however",
",",
"early",
"courses",
"in",
"civil",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
"were",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"since",
"the",
"1870s",
".",
"Today",
"the",
"college",
",",
"housed",
"in",
"the",
"Fitzpatrick",
",",
"Cushing",
",",
"and",
"Stinson",
"-",
"Remick",
"Halls",
"of",
"Engineering",
",",
"includes",
"five",
"departments",
"of",
"study",
"–",
"aerospace",
"and",
"mechanical",
"engineering",
",",
"chemical",
"and",
"biomolecular",
"engineering",
",",
"civil",
"engineering",
"and",
"geological",
"sciences",
",",
"computer",
"science",
"and",
"engineering",
",",
"and",
"electrical",
"engineering",
"–",
"with",
"eight",
"B.S.",
"degrees",
"offered",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"college",
"offers",
"five",
"-",
"year",
"dual",
"degree",
"programs",
"with",
"the",
"Colleges",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"and",
"of",
"Business",
"awarding",
"additional",
"B.A.",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Business",
"Administration",
"(",
"MBA",
")",
"degrees",
",",
"respectively",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
15,
27,
31,
43,
46,
50,
52,
59,
61,
67,
75,
78,
84,
88,
99,
111,
116,
118,
123,
126,
130,
138,
141,
149,
155,
159,
164,
166,
172,
176,
183,
185,
192,
195,
199,
210,
212,
219,
221,
225,
232,
233,
240,
246,
249,
260,
262,
271,
276,
288,
291,
297,
299,
309,
313,
324,
335,
337,
346,
350,
363,
374,
376,
382,
394,
398,
409,
417,
419,
428,
436,
440,
451,
453,
457,
468,
480,
482,
487,
493,
498,
506,
513,
515,
527,
529,
533,
541,
548,
552,
553,
558,
563,
570,
579,
584,
588,
597,
600,
605,
609,
617,
621,
624,
633,
642,
653,
658,
662,
669,
672,
681,
696,
697,
700,
702,
709,
711,
723
]
} | 7df04a5b7810494cb11fb97c969f8658 | The College of Science began to offer civil engineering courses beginning at what time at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"began",
"to",
"offer",
"civil",
"engineering",
"courses",
"beginning",
"at",
"what",
"time",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
15,
23,
29,
32,
38,
44,
56,
64,
74,
77,
82,
87,
90,
96,
100
]
} | {
"text": [
"the 1870s"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
155
],
"end": [
163
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
27
],
"end": [
28
]
}
]
} | [
"the 1870s"
] |
SQuAD | All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding. | {
"tokens": [
"All",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"undergraduate",
"students",
"are",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"undergraduate",
"colleges",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"or",
"are",
"in",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
".",
"The",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1962",
"to",
"guide",
"incoming",
"freshmen",
"in",
"their",
"first",
"year",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"before",
"they",
"have",
"declared",
"a",
"major",
".",
"Each",
"student",
"is",
"given",
"an",
"academic",
"advisor",
"from",
"the",
"program",
"who",
"helps",
"them",
"to",
"choose",
"classes",
"that",
"give",
"them",
"exposure",
"to",
"any",
"major",
"in",
"which",
"they",
"are",
"interested",
".",
"The",
"program",
"also",
"includes",
"a",
"Learning",
"Resource",
"Center",
"which",
"provides",
"time",
"management",
",",
"collaborative",
"learning",
",",
"and",
"subject",
"tutoring",
".",
"This",
"program",
"has",
"been",
"recognized",
"previously",
",",
"by",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
",",
"as",
"outstanding",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
13,
17,
20,
34,
43,
47,
49,
54,
57,
61,
64,
68,
73,
87,
96,
99,
103,
110,
113,
117,
120,
124,
130,
135,
138,
146,
153,
155,
159,
165,
170,
173,
181,
189,
193,
205,
208,
213,
216,
222,
231,
240,
243,
249,
255,
260,
263,
267,
274,
281,
286,
291,
300,
302,
307,
309,
314,
322,
325,
331,
334,
343,
351,
356,
360,
368,
372,
378,
383,
386,
393,
401,
406,
411,
416,
425,
428,
432,
438,
441,
447,
452,
456,
466,
468,
472,
480,
485,
494,
496,
505,
514,
521,
527,
536,
541,
551,
553,
567,
575,
577,
581,
589,
597,
599,
604,
612,
616,
621,
632,
642,
644,
647,
652,
657,
659,
665,
671,
673,
676,
687
]
} | ce2e16533d0c433e98323f77e50b7bee | What entity provides help with the management of time for new students at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"entity",
"provides",
"help",
"with",
"the",
"management",
"of",
"time",
"for",
"new",
"students",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
12,
21,
26,
31,
35,
46,
49,
54,
58,
62,
71,
74,
80,
84
]
} | {
"text": [
"Learning Resource Center"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
496
],
"end": [
519
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
92
],
"end": [
94
]
}
]
} | [
"Learning Resource Center"
] |
SQuAD | All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding. | {
"tokens": [
"All",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"undergraduate",
"students",
"are",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"undergraduate",
"colleges",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"or",
"are",
"in",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
".",
"The",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1962",
"to",
"guide",
"incoming",
"freshmen",
"in",
"their",
"first",
"year",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"before",
"they",
"have",
"declared",
"a",
"major",
".",
"Each",
"student",
"is",
"given",
"an",
"academic",
"advisor",
"from",
"the",
"program",
"who",
"helps",
"them",
"to",
"choose",
"classes",
"that",
"give",
"them",
"exposure",
"to",
"any",
"major",
"in",
"which",
"they",
"are",
"interested",
".",
"The",
"program",
"also",
"includes",
"a",
"Learning",
"Resource",
"Center",
"which",
"provides",
"time",
"management",
",",
"collaborative",
"learning",
",",
"and",
"subject",
"tutoring",
".",
"This",
"program",
"has",
"been",
"recognized",
"previously",
",",
"by",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
",",
"as",
"outstanding",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
13,
17,
20,
34,
43,
47,
49,
54,
57,
61,
64,
68,
73,
87,
96,
99,
103,
110,
113,
117,
120,
124,
130,
135,
138,
146,
153,
155,
159,
165,
170,
173,
181,
189,
193,
205,
208,
213,
216,
222,
231,
240,
243,
249,
255,
260,
263,
267,
274,
281,
286,
291,
300,
302,
307,
309,
314,
322,
325,
331,
334,
343,
351,
356,
360,
368,
372,
378,
383,
386,
393,
401,
406,
411,
416,
425,
428,
432,
438,
441,
447,
452,
456,
466,
468,
472,
480,
485,
494,
496,
505,
514,
521,
527,
536,
541,
551,
553,
567,
575,
577,
581,
589,
597,
599,
604,
612,
616,
621,
632,
642,
644,
647,
652,
657,
659,
665,
671,
673,
676,
687
]
} | f4d9caf76e9540ae87b455e0b322844d | How many colleges for undergraduates are at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"colleges",
"for",
"undergraduates",
"are",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
18,
22,
37,
41,
44,
50,
54
]
} | {
"text": [
"five"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
68
],
"end": [
71
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
14
],
"end": [
14
]
}
]
} | [
"five"
] |
SQuAD | All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding. | {
"tokens": [
"All",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"undergraduate",
"students",
"are",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"undergraduate",
"colleges",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"or",
"are",
"in",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
".",
"The",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1962",
"to",
"guide",
"incoming",
"freshmen",
"in",
"their",
"first",
"year",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"before",
"they",
"have",
"declared",
"a",
"major",
".",
"Each",
"student",
"is",
"given",
"an",
"academic",
"advisor",
"from",
"the",
"program",
"who",
"helps",
"them",
"to",
"choose",
"classes",
"that",
"give",
"them",
"exposure",
"to",
"any",
"major",
"in",
"which",
"they",
"are",
"interested",
".",
"The",
"program",
"also",
"includes",
"a",
"Learning",
"Resource",
"Center",
"which",
"provides",
"time",
"management",
",",
"collaborative",
"learning",
",",
"and",
"subject",
"tutoring",
".",
"This",
"program",
"has",
"been",
"recognized",
"previously",
",",
"by",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
",",
"as",
"outstanding",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
13,
17,
20,
34,
43,
47,
49,
54,
57,
61,
64,
68,
73,
87,
96,
99,
103,
110,
113,
117,
120,
124,
130,
135,
138,
146,
153,
155,
159,
165,
170,
173,
181,
189,
193,
205,
208,
213,
216,
222,
231,
240,
243,
249,
255,
260,
263,
267,
274,
281,
286,
291,
300,
302,
307,
309,
314,
322,
325,
331,
334,
343,
351,
356,
360,
368,
372,
378,
383,
386,
393,
401,
406,
411,
416,
425,
428,
432,
438,
441,
447,
452,
456,
466,
468,
472,
480,
485,
494,
496,
505,
514,
521,
527,
536,
541,
551,
553,
567,
575,
577,
581,
589,
597,
599,
604,
612,
616,
621,
632,
642,
644,
647,
652,
657,
659,
665,
671,
673,
676,
687
]
} | bf2e0f1a70fd46d683a8dc9d5d457f11 | What was created at Notre Dame in 1962 to assist first year students? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"created",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"in",
"1962",
"to",
"assist",
"first",
"year",
"students",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
17,
20,
26,
31,
34,
39,
42,
49,
55,
60,
68
]
} | {
"text": [
"The First Year of Studies program"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
155
],
"end": [
187
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
30
],
"end": [
35
]
}
]
} | [
"The First Year of Studies program"
] |
SQuAD | All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding. | {
"tokens": [
"All",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"undergraduate",
"students",
"are",
"a",
"part",
"of",
"one",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"undergraduate",
"colleges",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"or",
"are",
"in",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
".",
"The",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
"was",
"established",
"in",
"1962",
"to",
"guide",
"incoming",
"freshmen",
"in",
"their",
"first",
"year",
"at",
"the",
"school",
"before",
"they",
"have",
"declared",
"a",
"major",
".",
"Each",
"student",
"is",
"given",
"an",
"academic",
"advisor",
"from",
"the",
"program",
"who",
"helps",
"them",
"to",
"choose",
"classes",
"that",
"give",
"them",
"exposure",
"to",
"any",
"major",
"in",
"which",
"they",
"are",
"interested",
".",
"The",
"program",
"also",
"includes",
"a",
"Learning",
"Resource",
"Center",
"which",
"provides",
"time",
"management",
",",
"collaborative",
"learning",
",",
"and",
"subject",
"tutoring",
".",
"This",
"program",
"has",
"been",
"recognized",
"previously",
",",
"by",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
",",
"as",
"outstanding",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
7,
13,
17,
20,
34,
43,
47,
49,
54,
57,
61,
64,
68,
73,
87,
96,
99,
103,
110,
113,
117,
120,
124,
130,
135,
138,
146,
153,
155,
159,
165,
170,
173,
181,
189,
193,
205,
208,
213,
216,
222,
231,
240,
243,
249,
255,
260,
263,
267,
274,
281,
286,
291,
300,
302,
307,
309,
314,
322,
325,
331,
334,
343,
351,
356,
360,
368,
372,
378,
383,
386,
393,
401,
406,
411,
416,
425,
428,
432,
438,
441,
447,
452,
456,
466,
468,
472,
480,
485,
494,
496,
505,
514,
521,
527,
536,
541,
551,
553,
567,
575,
577,
581,
589,
597,
599,
604,
612,
616,
621,
632,
642,
644,
647,
652,
657,
659,
665,
671,
673,
676,
687
]
} | b34ccda5a5614344b620767a6f910ac6 | Which organization declared the First Year of Studies program at Notre Dame "outstanding?" | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"organization",
"declared",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
"program",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"\"",
"outstanding",
"?",
"\""
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
19,
28,
32,
38,
43,
46,
54,
62,
65,
71,
76,
77,
88,
89
]
} | {
"text": [
"U.S. News & World Report"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
647
],
"end": [
670
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
115
],
"end": [
119
]
}
]
} | [
"U.S. News & World Report"
] |
SQuAD | The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"Institute",
"for",
"International",
"Peace",
"Studies",
"at",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"dedicated",
"to",
"research",
",",
"education",
"and",
"outreach",
"on",
"the",
"causes",
"of",
"violent",
"conflict",
"and",
"the",
"conditions",
"for",
"sustainable",
"peace",
".",
"It",
"offers",
"PhD",
",",
"Master",
"'s",
",",
"and",
"undergraduate",
"degrees",
"in",
"peace",
"studies",
".",
"It",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1986",
"through",
"the",
"donations",
"of",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
",",
"the",
"widow",
"of",
"McDonald",
"'s",
"owner",
"Ray",
"Kroc",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"was",
"inspired",
"by",
"the",
"vision",
"of",
"the",
"Rev.",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"CSC",
",",
"President",
"Emeritus",
"of",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"has",
"contributed",
"to",
"international",
"policy",
"discussions",
"about",
"peace",
"building",
"practices",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
17,
27,
31,
45,
51,
59,
62,
66,
77,
80,
86,
91,
94,
104,
107,
115,
117,
127,
131,
140,
143,
147,
154,
157,
165,
174,
178,
182,
193,
197,
209,
214,
216,
219,
226,
229,
231,
237,
239,
241,
245,
259,
267,
270,
276,
283,
285,
288,
292,
300,
303,
308,
316,
320,
330,
333,
338,
341,
345,
347,
351,
357,
360,
368,
371,
377,
381,
385,
387,
391,
401,
405,
414,
417,
421,
428,
431,
435,
440,
449,
452,
461,
464,
466,
476,
485,
488,
492,
503,
506,
512,
516,
518,
522,
532,
536,
548,
551,
565,
572,
584,
590,
596,
605,
614
]
} | 35a15cbeb79b43d2915697c481fce99c | What institute at Notre Dame studies the reasons for violent conflict? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"institute",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"studies",
" ",
"the",
"reasons",
"for",
"violent",
"conflict",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
15,
18,
24,
29,
37,
38,
42,
50,
54,
62,
70
]
} | {
"text": [
"Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
57
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
8
]
}
]
} | [
"Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies"
] |
SQuAD | The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"Institute",
"for",
"International",
"Peace",
"Studies",
"at",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"dedicated",
"to",
"research",
",",
"education",
"and",
"outreach",
"on",
"the",
"causes",
"of",
"violent",
"conflict",
"and",
"the",
"conditions",
"for",
"sustainable",
"peace",
".",
"It",
"offers",
"PhD",
",",
"Master",
"'s",
",",
"and",
"undergraduate",
"degrees",
"in",
"peace",
"studies",
".",
"It",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1986",
"through",
"the",
"donations",
"of",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
",",
"the",
"widow",
"of",
"McDonald",
"'s",
"owner",
"Ray",
"Kroc",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"was",
"inspired",
"by",
"the",
"vision",
"of",
"the",
"Rev.",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"CSC",
",",
"President",
"Emeritus",
"of",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"has",
"contributed",
"to",
"international",
"policy",
"discussions",
"about",
"peace",
"building",
"practices",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
17,
27,
31,
45,
51,
59,
62,
66,
77,
80,
86,
91,
94,
104,
107,
115,
117,
127,
131,
140,
143,
147,
154,
157,
165,
174,
178,
182,
193,
197,
209,
214,
216,
219,
226,
229,
231,
237,
239,
241,
245,
259,
267,
270,
276,
283,
285,
288,
292,
300,
303,
308,
316,
320,
330,
333,
338,
341,
345,
347,
351,
357,
360,
368,
371,
377,
381,
385,
387,
391,
401,
405,
414,
417,
421,
428,
431,
435,
440,
449,
452,
461,
464,
466,
476,
485,
488,
492,
503,
506,
512,
516,
518,
522,
532,
536,
548,
551,
565,
572,
584,
590,
596,
605,
614
]
} | eb29a0b93a3d4f1784630bb4d0d9bb26 | What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"title",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"Theodore",
"Hesburgh",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
18,
21,
27,
31,
34,
43,
51
]
} | {
"text": [
"President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
466
],
"end": [
515
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
87
],
"end": [
94
]
}
]
} | [
"President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame"
] |
SQuAD | The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"Institute",
"for",
"International",
"Peace",
"Studies",
"at",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"dedicated",
"to",
"research",
",",
"education",
"and",
"outreach",
"on",
"the",
"causes",
"of",
"violent",
"conflict",
"and",
"the",
"conditions",
"for",
"sustainable",
"peace",
".",
"It",
"offers",
"PhD",
",",
"Master",
"'s",
",",
"and",
"undergraduate",
"degrees",
"in",
"peace",
"studies",
".",
"It",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1986",
"through",
"the",
"donations",
"of",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
",",
"the",
"widow",
"of",
"McDonald",
"'s",
"owner",
"Ray",
"Kroc",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"was",
"inspired",
"by",
"the",
"vision",
"of",
"the",
"Rev.",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"CSC",
",",
"President",
"Emeritus",
"of",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"has",
"contributed",
"to",
"international",
"policy",
"discussions",
"about",
"peace",
"building",
"practices",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
17,
27,
31,
45,
51,
59,
62,
66,
77,
80,
86,
91,
94,
104,
107,
115,
117,
127,
131,
140,
143,
147,
154,
157,
165,
174,
178,
182,
193,
197,
209,
214,
216,
219,
226,
229,
231,
237,
239,
241,
245,
259,
267,
270,
276,
283,
285,
288,
292,
300,
303,
308,
316,
320,
330,
333,
338,
341,
345,
347,
351,
357,
360,
368,
371,
377,
381,
385,
387,
391,
401,
405,
414,
417,
421,
428,
431,
435,
440,
449,
452,
461,
464,
466,
476,
485,
488,
492,
503,
506,
512,
516,
518,
522,
532,
536,
548,
551,
565,
572,
584,
590,
596,
605,
614
]
} | bce1db938bca4589a6e39de55cc6709f | In what year was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"was",
"the",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"Institute",
"for",
"International",
"Peace",
"Studies",
"founded",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
26,
29,
34,
44,
48,
62,
68,
76,
83
]
} | {
"text": [
"1986"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
303
],
"end": [
306
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
54
],
"end": [
54
]
}
]
} | [
"1986"
] |
SQuAD | The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"Institute",
"for",
"International",
"Peace",
"Studies",
"at",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"dedicated",
"to",
"research",
",",
"education",
"and",
"outreach",
"on",
"the",
"causes",
"of",
"violent",
"conflict",
"and",
"the",
"conditions",
"for",
"sustainable",
"peace",
".",
"It",
"offers",
"PhD",
",",
"Master",
"'s",
",",
"and",
"undergraduate",
"degrees",
"in",
"peace",
"studies",
".",
"It",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1986",
"through",
"the",
"donations",
"of",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
",",
"the",
"widow",
"of",
"McDonald",
"'s",
"owner",
"Ray",
"Kroc",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"was",
"inspired",
"by",
"the",
"vision",
"of",
"the",
"Rev.",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"CSC",
",",
"President",
"Emeritus",
"of",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"has",
"contributed",
"to",
"international",
"policy",
"discussions",
"about",
"peace",
"building",
"practices",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
17,
27,
31,
45,
51,
59,
62,
66,
77,
80,
86,
91,
94,
104,
107,
115,
117,
127,
131,
140,
143,
147,
154,
157,
165,
174,
178,
182,
193,
197,
209,
214,
216,
219,
226,
229,
231,
237,
239,
241,
245,
259,
267,
270,
276,
283,
285,
288,
292,
300,
303,
308,
316,
320,
330,
333,
338,
341,
345,
347,
351,
357,
360,
368,
371,
377,
381,
385,
387,
391,
401,
405,
414,
417,
421,
428,
431,
435,
440,
449,
452,
461,
464,
466,
476,
485,
488,
492,
503,
506,
512,
516,
518,
522,
532,
536,
548,
551,
565,
572,
584,
590,
596,
605,
614
]
} | de9b8ac04351420b92dcf9da9960b141 | To whom was John B. Kroc married? | {
"tokens": [
"To",
"whom",
"was",
"John",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"married",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
12,
17,
20,
25,
32
]
} | {
"text": [
"Ray Kroc"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
377
],
"end": [
384
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
70
]
}
]
} | [
"Ray Kroc"
] |
SQuAD | The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
"Institute",
"for",
"International",
"Peace",
"Studies",
"at",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"dedicated",
"to",
"research",
",",
"education",
"and",
"outreach",
"on",
"the",
"causes",
"of",
"violent",
"conflict",
"and",
"the",
"conditions",
"for",
"sustainable",
"peace",
".",
"It",
"offers",
"PhD",
",",
"Master",
"'s",
",",
"and",
"undergraduate",
"degrees",
"in",
"peace",
"studies",
".",
"It",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1986",
"through",
"the",
"donations",
"of",
"Joan",
"B.",
"Kroc",
",",
"the",
"widow",
"of",
"McDonald",
"'s",
"owner",
"Ray",
"Kroc",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"was",
"inspired",
"by",
"the",
"vision",
"of",
"the",
"Rev.",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"CSC",
",",
"President",
"Emeritus",
"of",
"the",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
".",
"The",
"institute",
"has",
"contributed",
"to",
"international",
"policy",
"discussions",
"about",
"peace",
"building",
"practices",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
12,
17,
27,
31,
45,
51,
59,
62,
66,
77,
80,
86,
91,
94,
104,
107,
115,
117,
127,
131,
140,
143,
147,
154,
157,
165,
174,
178,
182,
193,
197,
209,
214,
216,
219,
226,
229,
231,
237,
239,
241,
245,
259,
267,
270,
276,
283,
285,
288,
292,
300,
303,
308,
316,
320,
330,
333,
338,
341,
345,
347,
351,
357,
360,
368,
371,
377,
381,
385,
387,
391,
401,
405,
414,
417,
421,
428,
431,
435,
440,
449,
452,
461,
464,
466,
476,
485,
488,
492,
503,
506,
512,
516,
518,
522,
532,
536,
548,
551,
565,
572,
584,
590,
596,
605,
614
]
} | ee16bb8a915544c29c41399f07ad628a | What company did Ray Kroc own? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"company",
"did",
"Ray",
"Kroc",
"own",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
13,
17,
21,
26,
29
]
} | {
"text": [
"McDonald's"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
360
],
"end": [
369
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
66
],
"end": [
67
]
}
]
} | [
"McDonald's"
] |
SQuAD | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | {
"tokens": [
"As",
"at",
"most",
"other",
"universities",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"students",
"run",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"news",
"media",
"outlets",
".",
"The",
"nine",
"student",
"-",
"run",
"outlets",
"include",
"three",
"newspapers",
",",
"both",
"a",
"radio",
"and",
"television",
"station",
",",
"and",
"several",
"magazines",
"and",
"journals",
".",
"Begun",
"as",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"page",
"journal",
"in",
"September",
"1876",
",",
"the",
"Scholastic",
"magazine",
"is",
"issued",
"twice",
"monthly",
"and",
"claims",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"oldest",
"continuous",
"collegiate",
"publication",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"other",
"magazine",
",",
"The",
"Juggler",
",",
"is",
"released",
"twice",
"a",
"year",
"and",
"focuses",
"on",
"student",
"literature",
"and",
"artwork",
".",
"The",
"Dome",
"yearbook",
"is",
"published",
"annually",
".",
"The",
"newspapers",
"have",
"varying",
"publication",
"interests",
",",
"with",
"The",
"Observer",
"published",
"daily",
"and",
"mainly",
"reporting",
"university",
"and",
"other",
"news",
",",
"and",
"staffed",
"by",
"students",
"from",
"both",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Saint",
"Mary",
"'s",
"College",
".",
"Unlike",
"Scholastic",
"and",
"The",
"Dome",
",",
"The",
"Observer",
"is",
"an",
"independent",
"publication",
"and",
"does",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"faculty",
"advisor",
"or",
"any",
"editorial",
"oversight",
"from",
"the",
"University",
".",
"In",
"1987",
",",
"when",
"some",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"The",
"Observer",
"began",
"to",
"show",
"a",
"conservative",
"bias",
",",
"a",
"liberal",
"newspaper",
",",
"Common",
"Sense",
"was",
"published",
".",
"Likewise",
",",
"in",
"2003",
",",
"when",
"other",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"the",
"paper",
"showed",
"a",
"liberal",
"bias",
",",
"the",
"conservative",
"paper",
"Irish",
"Rover",
"went",
"into",
"production",
".",
"Neither",
"paper",
"is",
"published",
"as",
"often",
"as",
"The",
"Observer",
";",
"however",
",",
"all",
"three",
"are",
"distributed",
"to",
"all",
"students",
".",
"Finally",
",",
"in",
"Spring",
"2008",
"an",
"undergraduate",
"journal",
"for",
"political",
"science",
"research",
",",
"Beyond",
"Politics",
",",
"made",
"its",
"debut",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
6,
11,
17,
29,
31,
37,
41,
44,
53,
57,
59,
66,
69,
74,
80,
87,
89,
93,
98,
105,
106,
110,
118,
126,
132,
142,
144,
149,
151,
157,
161,
172,
179,
181,
185,
193,
203,
207,
215,
217,
223,
226,
228,
231,
232,
237,
245,
248,
258,
262,
264,
268,
279,
288,
291,
298,
304,
312,
316,
323,
326,
329,
333,
340,
351,
362,
374,
377,
381,
388,
394,
396,
400,
406,
414,
416,
420,
427,
429,
432,
441,
447,
449,
454,
458,
466,
469,
477,
488,
492,
499,
501,
505,
510,
519,
522,
532,
540,
542,
546,
557,
562,
570,
582,
591,
593,
598,
602,
611,
621,
627,
631,
638,
648,
659,
663,
669,
673,
675,
679,
687,
690,
699,
704,
709,
715,
720,
724,
730,
734,
737,
744,
746,
753,
764,
768,
772,
776,
778,
782,
791,
794,
797,
809,
821,
825,
830,
834,
839,
841,
849,
857,
860,
864,
874,
884,
889,
893,
903,
905,
908,
912,
914,
919,
924,
933,
942,
947,
951,
960,
966,
969,
974,
976,
989,
993,
995,
997,
1005,
1014,
1016,
1023,
1029,
1033,
1042,
1044,
1052,
1054,
1057,
1061,
1063,
1068,
1074,
1083,
1092,
1097,
1101,
1107,
1114,
1116,
1124,
1128,
1130,
1134,
1147,
1153,
1159,
1165,
1170,
1175,
1185,
1187,
1195,
1201,
1204,
1214,
1217,
1223,
1226,
1230,
1238,
1240,
1247,
1249,
1253,
1259,
1263,
1275,
1278,
1282,
1290,
1292,
1299,
1301,
1304,
1311,
1316,
1319,
1333,
1341,
1345,
1355,
1363,
1371,
1373,
1380,
1388,
1390,
1395,
1399,
1404
]
} | 8eb43a5278db484c9fa30cfa18650002 | When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing? | {
"tokens": [
"When",
"did",
"the",
"Scholastic",
"Magazine",
"of",
"Notre",
"dame",
"begin",
"publishing",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
24,
33,
36,
42,
47,
53,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"September 1876"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
248
],
"end": [
261
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
49
],
"end": [
50
]
}
]
} | [
"September 1876"
] |
SQuAD | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | {
"tokens": [
"As",
"at",
"most",
"other",
"universities",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"students",
"run",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"news",
"media",
"outlets",
".",
"The",
"nine",
"student",
"-",
"run",
"outlets",
"include",
"three",
"newspapers",
",",
"both",
"a",
"radio",
"and",
"television",
"station",
",",
"and",
"several",
"magazines",
"and",
"journals",
".",
"Begun",
"as",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"page",
"journal",
"in",
"September",
"1876",
",",
"the",
"Scholastic",
"magazine",
"is",
"issued",
"twice",
"monthly",
"and",
"claims",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"oldest",
"continuous",
"collegiate",
"publication",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"other",
"magazine",
",",
"The",
"Juggler",
",",
"is",
"released",
"twice",
"a",
"year",
"and",
"focuses",
"on",
"student",
"literature",
"and",
"artwork",
".",
"The",
"Dome",
"yearbook",
"is",
"published",
"annually",
".",
"The",
"newspapers",
"have",
"varying",
"publication",
"interests",
",",
"with",
"The",
"Observer",
"published",
"daily",
"and",
"mainly",
"reporting",
"university",
"and",
"other",
"news",
",",
"and",
"staffed",
"by",
"students",
"from",
"both",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Saint",
"Mary",
"'s",
"College",
".",
"Unlike",
"Scholastic",
"and",
"The",
"Dome",
",",
"The",
"Observer",
"is",
"an",
"independent",
"publication",
"and",
"does",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"faculty",
"advisor",
"or",
"any",
"editorial",
"oversight",
"from",
"the",
"University",
".",
"In",
"1987",
",",
"when",
"some",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"The",
"Observer",
"began",
"to",
"show",
"a",
"conservative",
"bias",
",",
"a",
"liberal",
"newspaper",
",",
"Common",
"Sense",
"was",
"published",
".",
"Likewise",
",",
"in",
"2003",
",",
"when",
"other",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"the",
"paper",
"showed",
"a",
"liberal",
"bias",
",",
"the",
"conservative",
"paper",
"Irish",
"Rover",
"went",
"into",
"production",
".",
"Neither",
"paper",
"is",
"published",
"as",
"often",
"as",
"The",
"Observer",
";",
"however",
",",
"all",
"three",
"are",
"distributed",
"to",
"all",
"students",
".",
"Finally",
",",
"in",
"Spring",
"2008",
"an",
"undergraduate",
"journal",
"for",
"political",
"science",
"research",
",",
"Beyond",
"Politics",
",",
"made",
"its",
"debut",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
6,
11,
17,
29,
31,
37,
41,
44,
53,
57,
59,
66,
69,
74,
80,
87,
89,
93,
98,
105,
106,
110,
118,
126,
132,
142,
144,
149,
151,
157,
161,
172,
179,
181,
185,
193,
203,
207,
215,
217,
223,
226,
228,
231,
232,
237,
245,
248,
258,
262,
264,
268,
279,
288,
291,
298,
304,
312,
316,
323,
326,
329,
333,
340,
351,
362,
374,
377,
381,
388,
394,
396,
400,
406,
414,
416,
420,
427,
429,
432,
441,
447,
449,
454,
458,
466,
469,
477,
488,
492,
499,
501,
505,
510,
519,
522,
532,
540,
542,
546,
557,
562,
570,
582,
591,
593,
598,
602,
611,
621,
627,
631,
638,
648,
659,
663,
669,
673,
675,
679,
687,
690,
699,
704,
709,
715,
720,
724,
730,
734,
737,
744,
746,
753,
764,
768,
772,
776,
778,
782,
791,
794,
797,
809,
821,
825,
830,
834,
839,
841,
849,
857,
860,
864,
874,
884,
889,
893,
903,
905,
908,
912,
914,
919,
924,
933,
942,
947,
951,
960,
966,
969,
974,
976,
989,
993,
995,
997,
1005,
1014,
1016,
1023,
1029,
1033,
1042,
1044,
1052,
1054,
1057,
1061,
1063,
1068,
1074,
1083,
1092,
1097,
1101,
1107,
1114,
1116,
1124,
1128,
1130,
1134,
1147,
1153,
1159,
1165,
1170,
1175,
1185,
1187,
1195,
1201,
1204,
1214,
1217,
1223,
1226,
1230,
1238,
1240,
1247,
1249,
1253,
1259,
1263,
1275,
1278,
1282,
1290,
1292,
1299,
1301,
1304,
1311,
1316,
1319,
1333,
1341,
1345,
1355,
1363,
1371,
1373,
1380,
1388,
1390,
1395,
1399,
1404
]
} | 76ba802f720e4410b40a709ea50fb2b0 | How often is Notre Dame's the Juggler published? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"often",
"is",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"the",
"Juggler",
"published",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
10,
13,
19,
23,
26,
30,
38,
47
]
} | {
"text": [
"twice"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
441
],
"end": [
445
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
82
],
"end": [
82
]
}
]
} | [
"twice"
] |
SQuAD | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | {
"tokens": [
"As",
"at",
"most",
"other",
"universities",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"students",
"run",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"news",
"media",
"outlets",
".",
"The",
"nine",
"student",
"-",
"run",
"outlets",
"include",
"three",
"newspapers",
",",
"both",
"a",
"radio",
"and",
"television",
"station",
",",
"and",
"several",
"magazines",
"and",
"journals",
".",
"Begun",
"as",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"page",
"journal",
"in",
"September",
"1876",
",",
"the",
"Scholastic",
"magazine",
"is",
"issued",
"twice",
"monthly",
"and",
"claims",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"oldest",
"continuous",
"collegiate",
"publication",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"other",
"magazine",
",",
"The",
"Juggler",
",",
"is",
"released",
"twice",
"a",
"year",
"and",
"focuses",
"on",
"student",
"literature",
"and",
"artwork",
".",
"The",
"Dome",
"yearbook",
"is",
"published",
"annually",
".",
"The",
"newspapers",
"have",
"varying",
"publication",
"interests",
",",
"with",
"The",
"Observer",
"published",
"daily",
"and",
"mainly",
"reporting",
"university",
"and",
"other",
"news",
",",
"and",
"staffed",
"by",
"students",
"from",
"both",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Saint",
"Mary",
"'s",
"College",
".",
"Unlike",
"Scholastic",
"and",
"The",
"Dome",
",",
"The",
"Observer",
"is",
"an",
"independent",
"publication",
"and",
"does",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"faculty",
"advisor",
"or",
"any",
"editorial",
"oversight",
"from",
"the",
"University",
".",
"In",
"1987",
",",
"when",
"some",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"The",
"Observer",
"began",
"to",
"show",
"a",
"conservative",
"bias",
",",
"a",
"liberal",
"newspaper",
",",
"Common",
"Sense",
"was",
"published",
".",
"Likewise",
",",
"in",
"2003",
",",
"when",
"other",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"the",
"paper",
"showed",
"a",
"liberal",
"bias",
",",
"the",
"conservative",
"paper",
"Irish",
"Rover",
"went",
"into",
"production",
".",
"Neither",
"paper",
"is",
"published",
"as",
"often",
"as",
"The",
"Observer",
";",
"however",
",",
"all",
"three",
"are",
"distributed",
"to",
"all",
"students",
".",
"Finally",
",",
"in",
"Spring",
"2008",
"an",
"undergraduate",
"journal",
"for",
"political",
"science",
"research",
",",
"Beyond",
"Politics",
",",
"made",
"its",
"debut",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
6,
11,
17,
29,
31,
37,
41,
44,
53,
57,
59,
66,
69,
74,
80,
87,
89,
93,
98,
105,
106,
110,
118,
126,
132,
142,
144,
149,
151,
157,
161,
172,
179,
181,
185,
193,
203,
207,
215,
217,
223,
226,
228,
231,
232,
237,
245,
248,
258,
262,
264,
268,
279,
288,
291,
298,
304,
312,
316,
323,
326,
329,
333,
340,
351,
362,
374,
377,
381,
388,
394,
396,
400,
406,
414,
416,
420,
427,
429,
432,
441,
447,
449,
454,
458,
466,
469,
477,
488,
492,
499,
501,
505,
510,
519,
522,
532,
540,
542,
546,
557,
562,
570,
582,
591,
593,
598,
602,
611,
621,
627,
631,
638,
648,
659,
663,
669,
673,
675,
679,
687,
690,
699,
704,
709,
715,
720,
724,
730,
734,
737,
744,
746,
753,
764,
768,
772,
776,
778,
782,
791,
794,
797,
809,
821,
825,
830,
834,
839,
841,
849,
857,
860,
864,
874,
884,
889,
893,
903,
905,
908,
912,
914,
919,
924,
933,
942,
947,
951,
960,
966,
969,
974,
976,
989,
993,
995,
997,
1005,
1014,
1016,
1023,
1029,
1033,
1042,
1044,
1052,
1054,
1057,
1061,
1063,
1068,
1074,
1083,
1092,
1097,
1101,
1107,
1114,
1116,
1124,
1128,
1130,
1134,
1147,
1153,
1159,
1165,
1170,
1175,
1185,
1187,
1195,
1201,
1204,
1214,
1217,
1223,
1226,
1230,
1238,
1240,
1247,
1249,
1253,
1259,
1263,
1275,
1278,
1282,
1290,
1292,
1299,
1301,
1304,
1311,
1316,
1319,
1333,
1341,
1345,
1355,
1363,
1371,
1373,
1380,
1388,
1390,
1395,
1399,
1404
]
} | 4376ab9a6e10470c9b76aaa9af6acfd3 | What is the daily student paper at Notre Dame called? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"daily",
"student",
"paper",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"called",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
18,
26,
32,
35,
41,
46,
52
]
} | {
"text": [
"The Observer"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
598
],
"end": [
609
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
108
],
"end": [
109
]
}
]
} | [
"The Observer"
] |
SQuAD | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | {
"tokens": [
"As",
"at",
"most",
"other",
"universities",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"students",
"run",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"news",
"media",
"outlets",
".",
"The",
"nine",
"student",
"-",
"run",
"outlets",
"include",
"three",
"newspapers",
",",
"both",
"a",
"radio",
"and",
"television",
"station",
",",
"and",
"several",
"magazines",
"and",
"journals",
".",
"Begun",
"as",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"page",
"journal",
"in",
"September",
"1876",
",",
"the",
"Scholastic",
"magazine",
"is",
"issued",
"twice",
"monthly",
"and",
"claims",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"oldest",
"continuous",
"collegiate",
"publication",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"other",
"magazine",
",",
"The",
"Juggler",
",",
"is",
"released",
"twice",
"a",
"year",
"and",
"focuses",
"on",
"student",
"literature",
"and",
"artwork",
".",
"The",
"Dome",
"yearbook",
"is",
"published",
"annually",
".",
"The",
"newspapers",
"have",
"varying",
"publication",
"interests",
",",
"with",
"The",
"Observer",
"published",
"daily",
"and",
"mainly",
"reporting",
"university",
"and",
"other",
"news",
",",
"and",
"staffed",
"by",
"students",
"from",
"both",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Saint",
"Mary",
"'s",
"College",
".",
"Unlike",
"Scholastic",
"and",
"The",
"Dome",
",",
"The",
"Observer",
"is",
"an",
"independent",
"publication",
"and",
"does",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"faculty",
"advisor",
"or",
"any",
"editorial",
"oversight",
"from",
"the",
"University",
".",
"In",
"1987",
",",
"when",
"some",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"The",
"Observer",
"began",
"to",
"show",
"a",
"conservative",
"bias",
",",
"a",
"liberal",
"newspaper",
",",
"Common",
"Sense",
"was",
"published",
".",
"Likewise",
",",
"in",
"2003",
",",
"when",
"other",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"the",
"paper",
"showed",
"a",
"liberal",
"bias",
",",
"the",
"conservative",
"paper",
"Irish",
"Rover",
"went",
"into",
"production",
".",
"Neither",
"paper",
"is",
"published",
"as",
"often",
"as",
"The",
"Observer",
";",
"however",
",",
"all",
"three",
"are",
"distributed",
"to",
"all",
"students",
".",
"Finally",
",",
"in",
"Spring",
"2008",
"an",
"undergraduate",
"journal",
"for",
"political",
"science",
"research",
",",
"Beyond",
"Politics",
",",
"made",
"its",
"debut",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
6,
11,
17,
29,
31,
37,
41,
44,
53,
57,
59,
66,
69,
74,
80,
87,
89,
93,
98,
105,
106,
110,
118,
126,
132,
142,
144,
149,
151,
157,
161,
172,
179,
181,
185,
193,
203,
207,
215,
217,
223,
226,
228,
231,
232,
237,
245,
248,
258,
262,
264,
268,
279,
288,
291,
298,
304,
312,
316,
323,
326,
329,
333,
340,
351,
362,
374,
377,
381,
388,
394,
396,
400,
406,
414,
416,
420,
427,
429,
432,
441,
447,
449,
454,
458,
466,
469,
477,
488,
492,
499,
501,
505,
510,
519,
522,
532,
540,
542,
546,
557,
562,
570,
582,
591,
593,
598,
602,
611,
621,
627,
631,
638,
648,
659,
663,
669,
673,
675,
679,
687,
690,
699,
704,
709,
715,
720,
724,
730,
734,
737,
744,
746,
753,
764,
768,
772,
776,
778,
782,
791,
794,
797,
809,
821,
825,
830,
834,
839,
841,
849,
857,
860,
864,
874,
884,
889,
893,
903,
905,
908,
912,
914,
919,
924,
933,
942,
947,
951,
960,
966,
969,
974,
976,
989,
993,
995,
997,
1005,
1014,
1016,
1023,
1029,
1033,
1042,
1044,
1052,
1054,
1057,
1061,
1063,
1068,
1074,
1083,
1092,
1097,
1101,
1107,
1114,
1116,
1124,
1128,
1130,
1134,
1147,
1153,
1159,
1165,
1170,
1175,
1185,
1187,
1195,
1201,
1204,
1214,
1217,
1223,
1226,
1230,
1238,
1240,
1247,
1249,
1253,
1259,
1263,
1275,
1278,
1282,
1290,
1292,
1299,
1301,
1304,
1311,
1316,
1319,
1333,
1341,
1345,
1355,
1363,
1371,
1373,
1380,
1388,
1390,
1395,
1399,
1404
]
} | cb7a57d6053648cbafeca09e2725bc30 | How many student news papers are found at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"student",
"news",
"papers",
"are",
"found",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
17,
22,
29,
33,
39,
42,
48,
52
]
} | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
126
],
"end": [
130
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
25
],
"end": [
25
]
}
]
} | [
"three"
] |
SQuAD | As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut. | {
"tokens": [
"As",
"at",
"most",
"other",
"universities",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"students",
"run",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"news",
"media",
"outlets",
".",
"The",
"nine",
"student",
"-",
"run",
"outlets",
"include",
"three",
"newspapers",
",",
"both",
"a",
"radio",
"and",
"television",
"station",
",",
"and",
"several",
"magazines",
"and",
"journals",
".",
"Begun",
"as",
"a",
"one",
"-",
"page",
"journal",
"in",
"September",
"1876",
",",
"the",
"Scholastic",
"magazine",
"is",
"issued",
"twice",
"monthly",
"and",
"claims",
"to",
"be",
"the",
"oldest",
"continuous",
"collegiate",
"publication",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"other",
"magazine",
",",
"The",
"Juggler",
",",
"is",
"released",
"twice",
"a",
"year",
"and",
"focuses",
"on",
"student",
"literature",
"and",
"artwork",
".",
"The",
"Dome",
"yearbook",
"is",
"published",
"annually",
".",
"The",
"newspapers",
"have",
"varying",
"publication",
"interests",
",",
"with",
"The",
"Observer",
"published",
"daily",
"and",
"mainly",
"reporting",
"university",
"and",
"other",
"news",
",",
"and",
"staffed",
"by",
"students",
"from",
"both",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"and",
"Saint",
"Mary",
"'s",
"College",
".",
"Unlike",
"Scholastic",
"and",
"The",
"Dome",
",",
"The",
"Observer",
"is",
"an",
"independent",
"publication",
"and",
"does",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"faculty",
"advisor",
"or",
"any",
"editorial",
"oversight",
"from",
"the",
"University",
".",
"In",
"1987",
",",
"when",
"some",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"The",
"Observer",
"began",
"to",
"show",
"a",
"conservative",
"bias",
",",
"a",
"liberal",
"newspaper",
",",
"Common",
"Sense",
"was",
"published",
".",
"Likewise",
",",
"in",
"2003",
",",
"when",
"other",
"students",
"believed",
"that",
"the",
"paper",
"showed",
"a",
"liberal",
"bias",
",",
"the",
"conservative",
"paper",
"Irish",
"Rover",
"went",
"into",
"production",
".",
"Neither",
"paper",
"is",
"published",
"as",
"often",
"as",
"The",
"Observer",
";",
"however",
",",
"all",
"three",
"are",
"distributed",
"to",
"all",
"students",
".",
"Finally",
",",
"in",
"Spring",
"2008",
"an",
"undergraduate",
"journal",
"for",
"political",
"science",
"research",
",",
"Beyond",
"Politics",
",",
"made",
"its",
"debut",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
6,
11,
17,
29,
31,
37,
41,
44,
53,
57,
59,
66,
69,
74,
80,
87,
89,
93,
98,
105,
106,
110,
118,
126,
132,
142,
144,
149,
151,
157,
161,
172,
179,
181,
185,
193,
203,
207,
215,
217,
223,
226,
228,
231,
232,
237,
245,
248,
258,
262,
264,
268,
279,
288,
291,
298,
304,
312,
316,
323,
326,
329,
333,
340,
351,
362,
374,
377,
381,
388,
394,
396,
400,
406,
414,
416,
420,
427,
429,
432,
441,
447,
449,
454,
458,
466,
469,
477,
488,
492,
499,
501,
505,
510,
519,
522,
532,
540,
542,
546,
557,
562,
570,
582,
591,
593,
598,
602,
611,
621,
627,
631,
638,
648,
659,
663,
669,
673,
675,
679,
687,
690,
699,
704,
709,
715,
720,
724,
730,
734,
737,
744,
746,
753,
764,
768,
772,
776,
778,
782,
791,
794,
797,
809,
821,
825,
830,
834,
839,
841,
849,
857,
860,
864,
874,
884,
889,
893,
903,
905,
908,
912,
914,
919,
924,
933,
942,
947,
951,
960,
966,
969,
974,
976,
989,
993,
995,
997,
1005,
1014,
1016,
1023,
1029,
1033,
1042,
1044,
1052,
1054,
1057,
1061,
1063,
1068,
1074,
1083,
1092,
1097,
1101,
1107,
1114,
1116,
1124,
1128,
1130,
1134,
1147,
1153,
1159,
1165,
1170,
1175,
1185,
1187,
1195,
1201,
1204,
1214,
1217,
1223,
1226,
1230,
1238,
1240,
1247,
1249,
1253,
1259,
1263,
1275,
1278,
1282,
1290,
1292,
1299,
1301,
1304,
1311,
1316,
1319,
1333,
1341,
1345,
1355,
1363,
1371,
1373,
1380,
1388,
1390,
1395,
1399,
1404
]
} | 9e1012514eca49b1aa051db78deee2bf | In what year did the student paper Common Sense begin publication at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"did",
"the",
"student",
"paper",
"Common",
"Sense",
"begin",
"publication",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
29,
35,
42,
48,
54,
66,
69,
75,
79
]
} | {
"text": [
"1987"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
908
],
"end": [
911
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
162
],
"end": [
162
]
}
]
} | [
"1987"
] |
SQuAD | The library system of the university is divided between the main library and each of the colleges and schools. The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"library",
"system",
"of",
"the",
"university",
"is",
"divided",
"between",
"the",
"main",
"library",
"and",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"colleges",
"and",
"schools",
".",
"The",
"main",
"building",
"is",
"the",
"14-story",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"Library",
",",
"completed",
"in",
"1963",
",",
"which",
"is",
"the",
"third",
"building",
"to",
"house",
"the",
"main",
"collection",
"of",
"books",
".",
"The",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"library",
"is",
"adorned",
"with",
"the",
"Word",
"of",
"Life",
"mural",
"designed",
"by",
"artist",
"Millard",
"Sheets",
".",
"This",
"mural",
"is",
"popularly",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"Touchdown",
"Jesus",
"\"",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"proximity",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Stadium",
"and",
"Jesus",
"'",
"arms",
"appearing",
"to",
"make",
"the",
"signal",
"for",
"a",
"touchdown",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
19,
22,
26,
37,
40,
48,
56,
60,
65,
73,
77,
82,
85,
89,
98,
102,
109,
111,
115,
120,
129,
132,
136,
145,
154,
157,
166,
173,
175,
185,
188,
192,
194,
200,
203,
207,
213,
222,
225,
231,
235,
240,
251,
254,
259,
261,
265,
271,
274,
278,
286,
289,
297,
302,
306,
311,
314,
319,
325,
334,
337,
344,
352,
358,
360,
365,
371,
374,
384,
390,
393,
394,
404,
409,
411,
419,
422,
426,
436,
439,
445,
450,
458,
462,
467,
469,
474,
484,
487,
492,
496,
503,
507,
509,
518
]
} | 20bfe496576d47c8954ec3d3b3fe256d | What is the name of the main library at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"the",
"name",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"library",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
12,
17,
20,
24,
29,
37,
40,
46,
50
]
} | {
"text": [
"Theodore M. Hesburgh Library"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
145
],
"end": [
172
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
26
],
"end": [
29
]
}
]
} | [
"Theodore M. Hesburgh Library"
] |
SQuAD | The library system of the university is divided between the main library and each of the colleges and schools. The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"library",
"system",
"of",
"the",
"university",
"is",
"divided",
"between",
"the",
"main",
"library",
"and",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"colleges",
"and",
"schools",
".",
"The",
"main",
"building",
"is",
"the",
"14-story",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"Library",
",",
"completed",
"in",
"1963",
",",
"which",
"is",
"the",
"third",
"building",
"to",
"house",
"the",
"main",
"collection",
"of",
"books",
".",
"The",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"library",
"is",
"adorned",
"with",
"the",
"Word",
"of",
"Life",
"mural",
"designed",
"by",
"artist",
"Millard",
"Sheets",
".",
"This",
"mural",
"is",
"popularly",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"Touchdown",
"Jesus",
"\"",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"proximity",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Stadium",
"and",
"Jesus",
"'",
"arms",
"appearing",
"to",
"make",
"the",
"signal",
"for",
"a",
"touchdown",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
19,
22,
26,
37,
40,
48,
56,
60,
65,
73,
77,
82,
85,
89,
98,
102,
109,
111,
115,
120,
129,
132,
136,
145,
154,
157,
166,
173,
175,
185,
188,
192,
194,
200,
203,
207,
213,
222,
225,
231,
235,
240,
251,
254,
259,
261,
265,
271,
274,
278,
286,
289,
297,
302,
306,
311,
314,
319,
325,
334,
337,
344,
352,
358,
360,
365,
371,
374,
384,
390,
393,
394,
404,
409,
411,
419,
422,
426,
436,
439,
445,
450,
458,
462,
467,
469,
474,
484,
487,
492,
496,
503,
507,
509,
518
]
} | ee61155b4eab4e9786df691deed038d2 | In what year was the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library at Notre Dame finished? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"was",
"the",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"Library",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"finished",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
21,
30,
33,
42,
50,
53,
59,
64,
72
]
} | {
"text": [
"1963"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
188
],
"end": [
191
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
33
]
}
]
} | [
"1963"
] |
SQuAD | The library system of the university is divided between the main library and each of the colleges and schools. The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"library",
"system",
"of",
"the",
"university",
"is",
"divided",
"between",
"the",
"main",
"library",
"and",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"colleges",
"and",
"schools",
".",
"The",
"main",
"building",
"is",
"the",
"14-story",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"Library",
",",
"completed",
"in",
"1963",
",",
"which",
"is",
"the",
"third",
"building",
"to",
"house",
"the",
"main",
"collection",
"of",
"books",
".",
"The",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"library",
"is",
"adorned",
"with",
"the",
"Word",
"of",
"Life",
"mural",
"designed",
"by",
"artist",
"Millard",
"Sheets",
".",
"This",
"mural",
"is",
"popularly",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"Touchdown",
"Jesus",
"\"",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"proximity",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Stadium",
"and",
"Jesus",
"'",
"arms",
"appearing",
"to",
"make",
"the",
"signal",
"for",
"a",
"touchdown",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
19,
22,
26,
37,
40,
48,
56,
60,
65,
73,
77,
82,
85,
89,
98,
102,
109,
111,
115,
120,
129,
132,
136,
145,
154,
157,
166,
173,
175,
185,
188,
192,
194,
200,
203,
207,
213,
222,
225,
231,
235,
240,
251,
254,
259,
261,
265,
271,
274,
278,
286,
289,
297,
302,
306,
311,
314,
319,
325,
334,
337,
344,
352,
358,
360,
365,
371,
374,
384,
390,
393,
394,
404,
409,
411,
419,
422,
426,
436,
439,
445,
450,
458,
462,
467,
469,
474,
484,
487,
492,
496,
503,
507,
509,
518
]
} | cdc431f163354b5f87dc85f852f1712e | Which artist created the mural on the Theodore M. Hesburgh Library? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"artist",
"created",
"the",
"mural",
"on",
"the",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"Library",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
13,
21,
25,
31,
34,
38,
47,
50,
59,
66
]
} | {
"text": [
"Millard Sheets"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
344
],
"end": [
357
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
64
],
"end": [
65
]
}
]
} | [
"Millard Sheets"
] |
SQuAD | The library system of the university is divided between the main library and each of the colleges and schools. The main building is the 14-story Theodore M. Hesburgh Library, completed in 1963, which is the third building to house the main collection of books. The front of the library is adorned with the Word of Life mural designed by artist Millard Sheets. This mural is popularly known as "Touchdown Jesus" because of its proximity to Notre Dame Stadium and Jesus' arms appearing to make the signal for a touchdown. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"library",
"system",
"of",
"the",
"university",
"is",
"divided",
"between",
"the",
"main",
"library",
"and",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"colleges",
"and",
"schools",
".",
"The",
"main",
"building",
"is",
"the",
"14-story",
"Theodore",
"M.",
"Hesburgh",
"Library",
",",
"completed",
"in",
"1963",
",",
"which",
"is",
"the",
"third",
"building",
"to",
"house",
"the",
"main",
"collection",
"of",
"books",
".",
"The",
"front",
"of",
"the",
"library",
"is",
"adorned",
"with",
"the",
"Word",
"of",
"Life",
"mural",
"designed",
"by",
"artist",
"Millard",
"Sheets",
".",
"This",
"mural",
"is",
"popularly",
"known",
"as",
"\"",
"Touchdown",
"Jesus",
"\"",
"because",
"of",
"its",
"proximity",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Stadium",
"and",
"Jesus",
"'",
"arms",
"appearing",
"to",
"make",
"the",
"signal",
"for",
"a",
"touchdown",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
12,
19,
22,
26,
37,
40,
48,
56,
60,
65,
73,
77,
82,
85,
89,
98,
102,
109,
111,
115,
120,
129,
132,
136,
145,
154,
157,
166,
173,
175,
185,
188,
192,
194,
200,
203,
207,
213,
222,
225,
231,
235,
240,
251,
254,
259,
261,
265,
271,
274,
278,
286,
289,
297,
302,
306,
311,
314,
319,
325,
334,
337,
344,
352,
358,
360,
365,
371,
374,
384,
390,
393,
394,
404,
409,
411,
419,
422,
426,
436,
439,
445,
450,
458,
462,
467,
469,
474,
484,
487,
492,
496,
503,
507,
509,
518
]
} | 24b7fce8889b4d9bb724f77334035a00 | What is a common name to reference the mural created by Millard Sheets at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"is",
"a",
"common",
"name",
"to",
"reference",
"the",
"mural",
"created",
"by",
"Millard",
"Sheets",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
8,
10,
17,
22,
25,
35,
39,
45,
53,
56,
64,
71,
74,
80,
84
]
} | {
"text": [
"Touchdown Jesus"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
394
],
"end": [
408
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
74
],
"end": [
75
]
}
]
} | [
"Touchdown Jesus"
] |
SQuAD | The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LL.M.) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with a thesis not required to receive the degrees. This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. Today each of the five colleges offer graduate education. Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhD programs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs including MBA and Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"first",
"offered",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"in",
"the",
"form",
"of",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Arts",
"(",
"MA",
")",
",",
"in",
"the",
"1854–1855",
"academic",
"year",
".",
"The",
"program",
"expanded",
"to",
"include",
"Master",
"of",
"Laws",
"(",
"LL.M.",
")",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Civil",
"Engineering",
"in",
"its",
"early",
"stages",
"of",
"growth",
",",
"before",
"a",
"formal",
"graduate",
"school",
"education",
"was",
"developed",
"with",
"a",
"thesis",
"not",
"required",
"to",
"receive",
"the",
"degrees",
".",
"This",
"changed",
"in",
"1924",
"with",
"formal",
"requirements",
"developed",
"for",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"including",
"offering",
"Doctorate",
"(",
"PhD",
")",
"degrees",
".",
"Today",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"colleges",
"offer",
"graduate",
"education",
".",
"Most",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"from",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"while",
"a",
"professional",
"Master",
"of",
"Divinity",
"(",
"M.Div",
".",
")",
"program",
"also",
"exists",
".",
"All",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"except",
"for",
"the",
"Department",
"of",
"Pre",
"-",
"Professional",
"Studies",
".",
"The",
"School",
"of",
"Architecture",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Architecture",
",",
"while",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
".",
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"offers",
"multiple",
"professional",
"programs",
"including",
"MBA",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Science",
"in",
"Accountancy",
"programs",
".",
"It",
"also",
"operates",
"facilities",
"in",
"Chicago",
"and",
"Cincinnati",
"for",
"its",
"executive",
"MBA",
"program",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"Alliance",
"for",
"Catholic",
"Education",
"program",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Education",
"program",
"where",
"students",
"study",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"during",
"the",
"summer",
"and",
"teach",
"in",
"Catholic",
"elementary",
"schools",
",",
"middle",
"schools",
",",
"and",
"high",
"schools",
"across",
"the",
"Southern",
"United",
"States",
"for",
"two",
"school",
"years",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
21,
29,
38,
45,
47,
50,
54,
59,
62,
64,
71,
74,
79,
80,
82,
83,
85,
88,
92,
102,
111,
115,
117,
121,
129,
138,
141,
149,
156,
159,
164,
165,
170,
172,
176,
183,
186,
192,
204,
207,
211,
217,
224,
227,
233,
235,
242,
244,
251,
260,
267,
277,
281,
291,
296,
298,
305,
309,
318,
321,
329,
333,
340,
342,
347,
355,
358,
363,
368,
375,
388,
398,
402,
411,
418,
420,
430,
439,
449,
450,
453,
455,
462,
464,
470,
475,
478,
482,
487,
496,
502,
511,
520,
522,
527,
530,
534,
546,
551,
555,
563,
566,
571,
575,
583,
589,
593,
601,
603,
609,
611,
624,
631,
634,
643,
644,
649,
650,
652,
660,
665,
671,
673,
677,
680,
684,
696,
699,
703,
711,
714,
722,
728,
732,
740,
742,
749,
753,
757,
768,
771,
774,
775,
788,
795,
797,
801,
808,
811,
824,
831,
833,
840,
843,
855,
857,
863,
868,
871,
875,
887,
890,
894,
902,
905,
917,
923,
927,
935,
937,
941,
949,
952,
961,
968,
977,
990,
999,
1009,
1013,
1017,
1024,
1027,
1035,
1038,
1050,
1058,
1060,
1063,
1068,
1077,
1088,
1091,
1099,
1103,
1114,
1118,
1122,
1132,
1136,
1143,
1145,
1157,
1159,
1163,
1172,
1176,
1185,
1195,
1203,
1210,
1212,
1219,
1222,
1232,
1240,
1246,
1255,
1261,
1264,
1268,
1279,
1286,
1290,
1297,
1301,
1307,
1310,
1319,
1330,
1337,
1339,
1346,
1353,
1355,
1359,
1364,
1372,
1379,
1383,
1392,
1399,
1406,
1410,
1414,
1421,
1426
]
} | 1519eadb737944148bff177c2bd88572 | The granting of Doctorate degrees first occurred in what year at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"granting",
"of",
"Doctorate",
"degrees",
"first",
"occurred",
"in",
"what",
"year",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
13,
16,
26,
34,
40,
49,
52,
57,
62,
65,
71,
75
]
} | {
"text": [
"1924"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
358
],
"end": [
361
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
69
]
}
]
} | [
"1924"
] |
SQuAD | The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LL.M.) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with a thesis not required to receive the degrees. This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. Today each of the five colleges offer graduate education. Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhD programs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs including MBA and Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"first",
"offered",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"in",
"the",
"form",
"of",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Arts",
"(",
"MA",
")",
",",
"in",
"the",
"1854–1855",
"academic",
"year",
".",
"The",
"program",
"expanded",
"to",
"include",
"Master",
"of",
"Laws",
"(",
"LL.M.",
")",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Civil",
"Engineering",
"in",
"its",
"early",
"stages",
"of",
"growth",
",",
"before",
"a",
"formal",
"graduate",
"school",
"education",
"was",
"developed",
"with",
"a",
"thesis",
"not",
"required",
"to",
"receive",
"the",
"degrees",
".",
"This",
"changed",
"in",
"1924",
"with",
"formal",
"requirements",
"developed",
"for",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"including",
"offering",
"Doctorate",
"(",
"PhD",
")",
"degrees",
".",
"Today",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"colleges",
"offer",
"graduate",
"education",
".",
"Most",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"from",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"while",
"a",
"professional",
"Master",
"of",
"Divinity",
"(",
"M.Div",
".",
")",
"program",
"also",
"exists",
".",
"All",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"except",
"for",
"the",
"Department",
"of",
"Pre",
"-",
"Professional",
"Studies",
".",
"The",
"School",
"of",
"Architecture",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Architecture",
",",
"while",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
".",
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"offers",
"multiple",
"professional",
"programs",
"including",
"MBA",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Science",
"in",
"Accountancy",
"programs",
".",
"It",
"also",
"operates",
"facilities",
"in",
"Chicago",
"and",
"Cincinnati",
"for",
"its",
"executive",
"MBA",
"program",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"Alliance",
"for",
"Catholic",
"Education",
"program",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Education",
"program",
"where",
"students",
"study",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"during",
"the",
"summer",
"and",
"teach",
"in",
"Catholic",
"elementary",
"schools",
",",
"middle",
"schools",
",",
"and",
"high",
"schools",
"across",
"the",
"Southern",
"United",
"States",
"for",
"two",
"school",
"years",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
21,
29,
38,
45,
47,
50,
54,
59,
62,
64,
71,
74,
79,
80,
82,
83,
85,
88,
92,
102,
111,
115,
117,
121,
129,
138,
141,
149,
156,
159,
164,
165,
170,
172,
176,
183,
186,
192,
204,
207,
211,
217,
224,
227,
233,
235,
242,
244,
251,
260,
267,
277,
281,
291,
296,
298,
305,
309,
318,
321,
329,
333,
340,
342,
347,
355,
358,
363,
368,
375,
388,
398,
402,
411,
418,
420,
430,
439,
449,
450,
453,
455,
462,
464,
470,
475,
478,
482,
487,
496,
502,
511,
520,
522,
527,
530,
534,
546,
551,
555,
563,
566,
571,
575,
583,
589,
593,
601,
603,
609,
611,
624,
631,
634,
643,
644,
649,
650,
652,
660,
665,
671,
673,
677,
680,
684,
696,
699,
703,
711,
714,
722,
728,
732,
740,
742,
749,
753,
757,
768,
771,
774,
775,
788,
795,
797,
801,
808,
811,
824,
831,
833,
840,
843,
855,
857,
863,
868,
871,
875,
887,
890,
894,
902,
905,
917,
923,
927,
935,
937,
941,
949,
952,
961,
968,
977,
990,
999,
1009,
1013,
1017,
1024,
1027,
1035,
1038,
1050,
1058,
1060,
1063,
1068,
1077,
1088,
1091,
1099,
1103,
1114,
1118,
1122,
1132,
1136,
1143,
1145,
1157,
1159,
1163,
1172,
1176,
1185,
1195,
1203,
1210,
1212,
1219,
1222,
1232,
1240,
1246,
1255,
1261,
1264,
1268,
1279,
1286,
1290,
1297,
1301,
1307,
1310,
1319,
1330,
1337,
1339,
1346,
1353,
1355,
1359,
1364,
1372,
1379,
1383,
1392,
1399,
1406,
1410,
1414,
1421,
1426
]
} | 0423a09f2f5345cb899f757ea628ef65 | What type of degree is an M.Div.? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"type",
"of",
"degree",
"is",
"an",
"M.Div",
".",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
13,
20,
23,
26,
31,
32
]
} | {
"text": [
"Master of Divinity"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
624
],
"end": [
641
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
114
],
"end": [
116
]
}
]
} | [
"Master of Divinity"
] |
SQuAD | The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LL.M.) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with a thesis not required to receive the degrees. This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. Today each of the five colleges offer graduate education. Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhD programs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs including MBA and Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"first",
"offered",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"in",
"the",
"form",
"of",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Arts",
"(",
"MA",
")",
",",
"in",
"the",
"1854–1855",
"academic",
"year",
".",
"The",
"program",
"expanded",
"to",
"include",
"Master",
"of",
"Laws",
"(",
"LL.M.",
")",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Civil",
"Engineering",
"in",
"its",
"early",
"stages",
"of",
"growth",
",",
"before",
"a",
"formal",
"graduate",
"school",
"education",
"was",
"developed",
"with",
"a",
"thesis",
"not",
"required",
"to",
"receive",
"the",
"degrees",
".",
"This",
"changed",
"in",
"1924",
"with",
"formal",
"requirements",
"developed",
"for",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"including",
"offering",
"Doctorate",
"(",
"PhD",
")",
"degrees",
".",
"Today",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"colleges",
"offer",
"graduate",
"education",
".",
"Most",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"from",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"while",
"a",
"professional",
"Master",
"of",
"Divinity",
"(",
"M.Div",
".",
")",
"program",
"also",
"exists",
".",
"All",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"except",
"for",
"the",
"Department",
"of",
"Pre",
"-",
"Professional",
"Studies",
".",
"The",
"School",
"of",
"Architecture",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Architecture",
",",
"while",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
".",
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"offers",
"multiple",
"professional",
"programs",
"including",
"MBA",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Science",
"in",
"Accountancy",
"programs",
".",
"It",
"also",
"operates",
"facilities",
"in",
"Chicago",
"and",
"Cincinnati",
"for",
"its",
"executive",
"MBA",
"program",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"Alliance",
"for",
"Catholic",
"Education",
"program",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Education",
"program",
"where",
"students",
"study",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"during",
"the",
"summer",
"and",
"teach",
"in",
"Catholic",
"elementary",
"schools",
",",
"middle",
"schools",
",",
"and",
"high",
"schools",
"across",
"the",
"Southern",
"United",
"States",
"for",
"two",
"school",
"years",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
21,
29,
38,
45,
47,
50,
54,
59,
62,
64,
71,
74,
79,
80,
82,
83,
85,
88,
92,
102,
111,
115,
117,
121,
129,
138,
141,
149,
156,
159,
164,
165,
170,
172,
176,
183,
186,
192,
204,
207,
211,
217,
224,
227,
233,
235,
242,
244,
251,
260,
267,
277,
281,
291,
296,
298,
305,
309,
318,
321,
329,
333,
340,
342,
347,
355,
358,
363,
368,
375,
388,
398,
402,
411,
418,
420,
430,
439,
449,
450,
453,
455,
462,
464,
470,
475,
478,
482,
487,
496,
502,
511,
520,
522,
527,
530,
534,
546,
551,
555,
563,
566,
571,
575,
583,
589,
593,
601,
603,
609,
611,
624,
631,
634,
643,
644,
649,
650,
652,
660,
665,
671,
673,
677,
680,
684,
696,
699,
703,
711,
714,
722,
728,
732,
740,
742,
749,
753,
757,
768,
771,
774,
775,
788,
795,
797,
801,
808,
811,
824,
831,
833,
840,
843,
855,
857,
863,
868,
871,
875,
887,
890,
894,
902,
905,
917,
923,
927,
935,
937,
941,
949,
952,
961,
968,
977,
990,
999,
1009,
1013,
1017,
1024,
1027,
1035,
1038,
1050,
1058,
1060,
1063,
1068,
1077,
1088,
1091,
1099,
1103,
1114,
1118,
1122,
1132,
1136,
1143,
1145,
1157,
1159,
1163,
1172,
1176,
1185,
1195,
1203,
1210,
1212,
1219,
1222,
1232,
1240,
1246,
1255,
1261,
1264,
1268,
1279,
1286,
1290,
1297,
1301,
1307,
1310,
1319,
1330,
1337,
1339,
1346,
1353,
1355,
1359,
1364,
1372,
1379,
1383,
1392,
1399,
1406,
1410,
1414,
1421,
1426
]
} | 19a36094b49e4a79a08b89068496643c | Which program at Notre Dame offers a Master of Education degree? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"program",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Education",
"degree",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
14,
17,
23,
28,
35,
37,
44,
47,
57,
63
]
} | {
"text": [
"Alliance for Catholic Education"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
1163
],
"end": [
1193
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
207
],
"end": [
210
]
}
]
} | [
"Alliance for Catholic Education"
] |
SQuAD | The university first offered graduate degrees, in the form of a Master of Arts (MA), in the 1854–1855 academic year. The program expanded to include Master of Laws (LL.M.) and Master of Civil Engineering in its early stages of growth, before a formal graduate school education was developed with a thesis not required to receive the degrees. This changed in 1924 with formal requirements developed for graduate degrees, including offering Doctorate (PhD) degrees. Today each of the five colleges offer graduate education. Most of the departments from the College of Arts and Letters offer PhD programs, while a professional Master of Divinity (M.Div.) program also exists. All of the departments in the College of Science offer PhD programs, except for the Department of Pre-Professional Studies. The School of Architecture offers a Master of Architecture, while each of the departments of the College of Engineering offer PhD programs. The College of Business offers multiple professional programs including MBA and Master of Science in Accountancy programs. It also operates facilities in Chicago and Cincinnati for its executive MBA program. Additionally, the Alliance for Catholic Education program offers a Master of Education program where students study at the university during the summer and teach in Catholic elementary schools, middle schools, and high schools across the Southern United States for two school years. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"university",
"first",
"offered",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"in",
"the",
"form",
"of",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Arts",
"(",
"MA",
")",
",",
"in",
"the",
"1854–1855",
"academic",
"year",
".",
"The",
"program",
"expanded",
"to",
"include",
"Master",
"of",
"Laws",
"(",
"LL.M.",
")",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Civil",
"Engineering",
"in",
"its",
"early",
"stages",
"of",
"growth",
",",
"before",
"a",
"formal",
"graduate",
"school",
"education",
"was",
"developed",
"with",
"a",
"thesis",
"not",
"required",
"to",
"receive",
"the",
"degrees",
".",
"This",
"changed",
"in",
"1924",
"with",
"formal",
"requirements",
"developed",
"for",
"graduate",
"degrees",
",",
"including",
"offering",
"Doctorate",
"(",
"PhD",
")",
"degrees",
".",
"Today",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"five",
"colleges",
"offer",
"graduate",
"education",
".",
"Most",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"from",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Arts",
"and",
"Letters",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"while",
"a",
"professional",
"Master",
"of",
"Divinity",
"(",
"M.Div",
".",
")",
"program",
"also",
"exists",
".",
"All",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Science",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
",",
"except",
"for",
"the",
"Department",
"of",
"Pre",
"-",
"Professional",
"Studies",
".",
"The",
"School",
"of",
"Architecture",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Architecture",
",",
"while",
"each",
"of",
"the",
"departments",
"of",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"Engineering",
"offer",
"PhD",
"programs",
".",
"The",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"offers",
"multiple",
"professional",
"programs",
"including",
"MBA",
"and",
"Master",
"of",
"Science",
"in",
"Accountancy",
"programs",
".",
"It",
"also",
"operates",
"facilities",
"in",
"Chicago",
"and",
"Cincinnati",
"for",
"its",
"executive",
"MBA",
"program",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"Alliance",
"for",
"Catholic",
"Education",
"program",
"offers",
"a",
"Master",
"of",
"Education",
"program",
"where",
"students",
"study",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"during",
"the",
"summer",
"and",
"teach",
"in",
"Catholic",
"elementary",
"schools",
",",
"middle",
"schools",
",",
"and",
"high",
"schools",
"across",
"the",
"Southern",
"United",
"States",
"for",
"two",
"school",
"years",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
15,
21,
29,
38,
45,
47,
50,
54,
59,
62,
64,
71,
74,
79,
80,
82,
83,
85,
88,
92,
102,
111,
115,
117,
121,
129,
138,
141,
149,
156,
159,
164,
165,
170,
172,
176,
183,
186,
192,
204,
207,
211,
217,
224,
227,
233,
235,
242,
244,
251,
260,
267,
277,
281,
291,
296,
298,
305,
309,
318,
321,
329,
333,
340,
342,
347,
355,
358,
363,
368,
375,
388,
398,
402,
411,
418,
420,
430,
439,
449,
450,
453,
455,
462,
464,
470,
475,
478,
482,
487,
496,
502,
511,
520,
522,
527,
530,
534,
546,
551,
555,
563,
566,
571,
575,
583,
589,
593,
601,
603,
609,
611,
624,
631,
634,
643,
644,
649,
650,
652,
660,
665,
671,
673,
677,
680,
684,
696,
699,
703,
711,
714,
722,
728,
732,
740,
742,
749,
753,
757,
768,
771,
774,
775,
788,
795,
797,
801,
808,
811,
824,
831,
833,
840,
843,
855,
857,
863,
868,
871,
875,
887,
890,
894,
902,
905,
917,
923,
927,
935,
937,
941,
949,
952,
961,
968,
977,
990,
999,
1009,
1013,
1017,
1024,
1027,
1035,
1038,
1050,
1058,
1060,
1063,
1068,
1077,
1088,
1091,
1099,
1103,
1114,
1118,
1122,
1132,
1136,
1143,
1145,
1157,
1159,
1163,
1172,
1176,
1185,
1195,
1203,
1210,
1212,
1219,
1222,
1232,
1240,
1246,
1255,
1261,
1264,
1268,
1279,
1286,
1290,
1297,
1301,
1307,
1310,
1319,
1330,
1337,
1339,
1346,
1353,
1355,
1359,
1364,
1372,
1379,
1383,
1392,
1399,
1406,
1410,
1414,
1421,
1426
]
} | e651e1f1ff424432a7734a6b55609ff8 | Which department at Notre Dame is the only one to not offer a PhD program? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"department",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"the",
"only",
"one",
"to",
"not",
"offer",
"a",
"PhD",
"program",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
17,
20,
26,
31,
34,
38,
43,
47,
50,
54,
60,
62,
66,
73
]
} | {
"text": [
"Department of Pre-Professional Studies"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
757
],
"end": [
794
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
141
],
"end": [
146
]
}
]
} | [
"Department of Pre-Professional Studies"
] |
SQuAD | In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1882",
",",
"Albert",
"Zahm",
"(",
"John",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"brother",
")",
"built",
"an",
"early",
"wind",
"tunnel",
"used",
"to",
"compare",
"lift",
"to",
"drag",
"of",
"aeronautical",
"models",
".",
"Around",
"1899",
",",
"Professor",
"Jerome",
"Green",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"send",
"a",
"wireless",
"message",
".",
"In",
"1931",
",",
"Father",
"Julius",
"Nieuwland",
"performed",
"early",
"work",
"on",
"basic",
"reactions",
"that",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"create",
"neoprene",
".",
"Study",
"of",
"nuclear",
"physics",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"began",
"with",
"the",
"building",
"of",
"a",
"nuclear",
"accelerator",
"in",
"1936",
",",
"and",
"continues",
"now",
"partly",
"through",
"a",
"partnership",
"in",
"the",
"Joint",
"Institute",
"for",
"Nuclear",
"Astrophysics",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
16,
21,
22,
27,
31,
34,
41,
43,
49,
52,
58,
63,
70,
75,
78,
86,
91,
94,
99,
102,
115,
121,
123,
130,
134,
136,
146,
153,
159,
166,
170,
176,
185,
188,
193,
195,
204,
211,
213,
216,
220,
222,
229,
236,
246,
256,
262,
267,
270,
276,
286,
291,
295,
300,
303,
310,
318,
320,
326,
329,
337,
345,
348,
352,
363,
369,
374,
378,
387,
390,
392,
400,
412,
415,
419,
421,
425,
435,
439,
446,
454,
456,
468,
471,
475,
481,
491,
495,
503,
515
]
} | 3f35e1b728d94ed7bf6af2c67c8d1454 | In what year did Albert Zahm begin comparing aeronatical models at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"did",
"Albert",
"Zahm",
"begin",
"comparing",
"aeronatical",
"models",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
24,
29,
35,
45,
57,
64,
67,
73,
77
]
} | {
"text": [
"1882"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
3
],
"end": [
6
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
1
]
}
]
} | [
"1882"
] |
SQuAD | In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1882",
",",
"Albert",
"Zahm",
"(",
"John",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"brother",
")",
"built",
"an",
"early",
"wind",
"tunnel",
"used",
"to",
"compare",
"lift",
"to",
"drag",
"of",
"aeronautical",
"models",
".",
"Around",
"1899",
",",
"Professor",
"Jerome",
"Green",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"send",
"a",
"wireless",
"message",
".",
"In",
"1931",
",",
"Father",
"Julius",
"Nieuwland",
"performed",
"early",
"work",
"on",
"basic",
"reactions",
"that",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"create",
"neoprene",
".",
"Study",
"of",
"nuclear",
"physics",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"began",
"with",
"the",
"building",
"of",
"a",
"nuclear",
"accelerator",
"in",
"1936",
",",
"and",
"continues",
"now",
"partly",
"through",
"a",
"partnership",
"in",
"the",
"Joint",
"Institute",
"for",
"Nuclear",
"Astrophysics",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
16,
21,
22,
27,
31,
34,
41,
43,
49,
52,
58,
63,
70,
75,
78,
86,
91,
94,
99,
102,
115,
121,
123,
130,
134,
136,
146,
153,
159,
166,
170,
176,
185,
188,
193,
195,
204,
211,
213,
216,
220,
222,
229,
236,
246,
256,
262,
267,
270,
276,
286,
291,
295,
300,
303,
310,
318,
320,
326,
329,
337,
345,
348,
352,
363,
369,
374,
378,
387,
390,
392,
400,
412,
415,
419,
421,
425,
435,
439,
446,
454,
456,
468,
471,
475,
481,
491,
495,
503,
515
]
} | 5a29b142c6f343ab80cd72ab82d80f3e | Which professor sent the first wireless message in the USA? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"professor",
"sent",
"the",
"first",
"wireless",
"message",
"in",
"the",
"USA",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
16,
21,
25,
31,
40,
48,
51,
55,
58
]
} | {
"text": [
"Professor Jerome Green"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
136
],
"end": [
157
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
29
],
"end": [
31
]
}
]
} | [
"Professor Jerome Green"
] |
SQuAD | In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1882",
",",
"Albert",
"Zahm",
"(",
"John",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"brother",
")",
"built",
"an",
"early",
"wind",
"tunnel",
"used",
"to",
"compare",
"lift",
"to",
"drag",
"of",
"aeronautical",
"models",
".",
"Around",
"1899",
",",
"Professor",
"Jerome",
"Green",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"send",
"a",
"wireless",
"message",
".",
"In",
"1931",
",",
"Father",
"Julius",
"Nieuwland",
"performed",
"early",
"work",
"on",
"basic",
"reactions",
"that",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"create",
"neoprene",
".",
"Study",
"of",
"nuclear",
"physics",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"began",
"with",
"the",
"building",
"of",
"a",
"nuclear",
"accelerator",
"in",
"1936",
",",
"and",
"continues",
"now",
"partly",
"through",
"a",
"partnership",
"in",
"the",
"Joint",
"Institute",
"for",
"Nuclear",
"Astrophysics",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
16,
21,
22,
27,
31,
34,
41,
43,
49,
52,
58,
63,
70,
75,
78,
86,
91,
94,
99,
102,
115,
121,
123,
130,
134,
136,
146,
153,
159,
166,
170,
176,
185,
188,
193,
195,
204,
211,
213,
216,
220,
222,
229,
236,
246,
256,
262,
267,
270,
276,
286,
291,
295,
300,
303,
310,
318,
320,
326,
329,
337,
345,
348,
352,
363,
369,
374,
378,
387,
390,
392,
400,
412,
415,
419,
421,
425,
435,
439,
446,
454,
456,
468,
471,
475,
481,
491,
495,
503,
515
]
} | c5ba35720fdf4b58ae8afa123daf69fb | In what year did Jerome Green send his first wireless message? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"what",
"year",
"did",
"Jerome",
"Green",
"send",
"his",
"first",
"wireless",
"message",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
17,
24,
30,
35,
39,
45,
54,
61
]
} | {
"text": [
"Around 1899"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
123
],
"end": [
133
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
26
],
"end": [
27
]
}
]
} | [
"Around 1899"
] |
SQuAD | In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1882",
",",
"Albert",
"Zahm",
"(",
"John",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"brother",
")",
"built",
"an",
"early",
"wind",
"tunnel",
"used",
"to",
"compare",
"lift",
"to",
"drag",
"of",
"aeronautical",
"models",
".",
"Around",
"1899",
",",
"Professor",
"Jerome",
"Green",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"send",
"a",
"wireless",
"message",
".",
"In",
"1931",
",",
"Father",
"Julius",
"Nieuwland",
"performed",
"early",
"work",
"on",
"basic",
"reactions",
"that",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"create",
"neoprene",
".",
"Study",
"of",
"nuclear",
"physics",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"began",
"with",
"the",
"building",
"of",
"a",
"nuclear",
"accelerator",
"in",
"1936",
",",
"and",
"continues",
"now",
"partly",
"through",
"a",
"partnership",
"in",
"the",
"Joint",
"Institute",
"for",
"Nuclear",
"Astrophysics",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
16,
21,
22,
27,
31,
34,
41,
43,
49,
52,
58,
63,
70,
75,
78,
86,
91,
94,
99,
102,
115,
121,
123,
130,
134,
136,
146,
153,
159,
166,
170,
176,
185,
188,
193,
195,
204,
211,
213,
216,
220,
222,
229,
236,
246,
256,
262,
267,
270,
276,
286,
291,
295,
300,
303,
310,
318,
320,
326,
329,
337,
345,
348,
352,
363,
369,
374,
378,
387,
390,
392,
400,
412,
415,
419,
421,
425,
435,
439,
446,
454,
456,
468,
471,
475,
481,
491,
495,
503,
515
]
} | 8e45af64cc16424ab58edf466f155d8d | Which individual worked on projects at Notre Dame that eventually created neoprene? | {
"tokens": [
"Which",
"individual",
"worked",
"on",
"projects",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"that",
"eventually",
"created",
"neoprene",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
17,
24,
27,
36,
39,
45,
50,
55,
66,
74,
82
]
} | {
"text": [
"Father Julius Nieuwland"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
222
],
"end": [
244
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
45
],
"end": [
47
]
}
]
} | [
"Father Julius Nieuwland"
] |
SQuAD | In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"1882",
",",
"Albert",
"Zahm",
"(",
"John",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"brother",
")",
"built",
"an",
"early",
"wind",
"tunnel",
"used",
"to",
"compare",
"lift",
"to",
"drag",
"of",
"aeronautical",
"models",
".",
"Around",
"1899",
",",
"Professor",
"Jerome",
"Green",
"became",
"the",
"first",
"American",
"to",
"send",
"a",
"wireless",
"message",
".",
"In",
"1931",
",",
"Father",
"Julius",
"Nieuwland",
"performed",
"early",
"work",
"on",
"basic",
"reactions",
"that",
"was",
"used",
"to",
"create",
"neoprene",
".",
"Study",
"of",
"nuclear",
"physics",
"at",
"the",
"university",
"began",
"with",
"the",
"building",
"of",
"a",
"nuclear",
"accelerator",
"in",
"1936",
",",
"and",
"continues",
"now",
"partly",
"through",
"a",
"partnership",
"in",
"the",
"Joint",
"Institute",
"for",
"Nuclear",
"Astrophysics",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
9,
16,
21,
22,
27,
31,
34,
41,
43,
49,
52,
58,
63,
70,
75,
78,
86,
91,
94,
99,
102,
115,
121,
123,
130,
134,
136,
146,
153,
159,
166,
170,
176,
185,
188,
193,
195,
204,
211,
213,
216,
220,
222,
229,
236,
246,
256,
262,
267,
270,
276,
286,
291,
295,
300,
303,
310,
318,
320,
326,
329,
337,
345,
348,
352,
363,
369,
374,
378,
387,
390,
392,
400,
412,
415,
419,
421,
425,
435,
439,
446,
454,
456,
468,
471,
475,
481,
491,
495,
503,
515
]
} | 865060e58d004f8b8df7f42163c30f6b | What did the brother of John Zahm construct at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"did",
"the",
"brother",
"of",
"John",
"Zahm",
"construct",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
21,
24,
29,
34,
44,
47,
53,
57
]
} | {
"text": [
"an early wind tunnel"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
49
],
"end": [
68
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
12
],
"end": [
15
]
}
]
} | [
"an early wind tunnel"
] |
SQuAD | The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Jacques Maritain, Frank O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Review",
"of",
"Politics",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1939",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"modeled",
"after",
"German",
"Catholic",
"journals",
".",
"It",
"quickly",
"emerged",
"as",
"part",
"of",
"an",
"international",
"Catholic",
"intellectual",
"revival",
",",
"offering",
"an",
"alternative",
"vision",
"to",
"positivist",
"philosophy",
".",
"For",
"44",
"years",
",",
"the",
"Review",
"was",
"edited",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"Matthew",
"Fitzsimons",
",",
"Frederick",
"Crosson",
",",
"and",
"Thomas",
"Stritch",
".",
"Intellectual",
"leaders",
"included",
"Gurian",
",",
"Jacques",
"Maritain",
",",
"Frank",
"O'Malley",
",",
"Leo",
"Richard",
"Ward",
",",
"F.",
"A.",
"Hermens",
",",
"and",
"John",
"U.",
"Nef",
".",
"It",
"became",
"a",
"major",
"forum",
"for",
"political",
"ideas",
"and",
"modern",
"political",
"concerns",
",",
"especially",
"from",
"a",
"Catholic",
"and",
"scholastic",
"tradition",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
14,
23,
27,
35,
38,
43,
46,
52,
54,
62,
68,
75,
84,
92,
94,
97,
105,
113,
116,
121,
124,
127,
141,
150,
163,
170,
172,
181,
184,
196,
203,
206,
217,
227,
229,
233,
236,
241,
243,
247,
254,
258,
265,
268,
274,
276,
284,
294,
296,
306,
313,
315,
319,
326,
333,
335,
348,
356,
365,
371,
373,
381,
389,
391,
397,
405,
407,
411,
419,
423,
425,
428,
431,
438,
440,
444,
449,
452,
455,
457,
460,
467,
469,
475,
481,
485,
495,
501,
505,
512,
522,
530,
532,
543,
548,
550,
559,
563,
574,
583
]
} | f05b2c535ded4f00b6603d88b7608729 | Gurian created what in 1939 at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"Gurian",
"created",
"what",
"in",
"1939",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
15,
20,
23,
28,
31,
37,
41
]
} | {
"text": [
"The Review of Politics"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
21
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
3
]
}
]
} | [
"The Review of Politics"
] |
SQuAD | The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Jacques Maritain, Frank O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Review",
"of",
"Politics",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1939",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"modeled",
"after",
"German",
"Catholic",
"journals",
".",
"It",
"quickly",
"emerged",
"as",
"part",
"of",
"an",
"international",
"Catholic",
"intellectual",
"revival",
",",
"offering",
"an",
"alternative",
"vision",
"to",
"positivist",
"philosophy",
".",
"For",
"44",
"years",
",",
"the",
"Review",
"was",
"edited",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"Matthew",
"Fitzsimons",
",",
"Frederick",
"Crosson",
",",
"and",
"Thomas",
"Stritch",
".",
"Intellectual",
"leaders",
"included",
"Gurian",
",",
"Jacques",
"Maritain",
",",
"Frank",
"O'Malley",
",",
"Leo",
"Richard",
"Ward",
",",
"F.",
"A.",
"Hermens",
",",
"and",
"John",
"U.",
"Nef",
".",
"It",
"became",
"a",
"major",
"forum",
"for",
"political",
"ideas",
"and",
"modern",
"political",
"concerns",
",",
"especially",
"from",
"a",
"Catholic",
"and",
"scholastic",
"tradition",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
14,
23,
27,
35,
38,
43,
46,
52,
54,
62,
68,
75,
84,
92,
94,
97,
105,
113,
116,
121,
124,
127,
141,
150,
163,
170,
172,
181,
184,
196,
203,
206,
217,
227,
229,
233,
236,
241,
243,
247,
254,
258,
265,
268,
274,
276,
284,
294,
296,
306,
313,
315,
319,
326,
333,
335,
348,
356,
365,
371,
373,
381,
389,
391,
397,
405,
407,
411,
419,
423,
425,
428,
431,
438,
440,
444,
449,
452,
455,
457,
460,
467,
469,
475,
481,
485,
495,
501,
505,
512,
522,
530,
532,
543,
548,
550,
559,
563,
574,
583
]
} | e89e9ece175d4c42841ea692268066cb | What was the Review of Politics inspired by? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"Review",
"of",
"Politics",
"inspired",
"by",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
20,
23,
32,
41,
43
]
} | {
"text": [
"German Catholic journals"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
68
],
"end": [
91
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
13
],
"end": [
15
]
}
]
} | [
"German Catholic journals"
] |
SQuAD | The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Jacques Maritain, Frank O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Review",
"of",
"Politics",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1939",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"modeled",
"after",
"German",
"Catholic",
"journals",
".",
"It",
"quickly",
"emerged",
"as",
"part",
"of",
"an",
"international",
"Catholic",
"intellectual",
"revival",
",",
"offering",
"an",
"alternative",
"vision",
"to",
"positivist",
"philosophy",
".",
"For",
"44",
"years",
",",
"the",
"Review",
"was",
"edited",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"Matthew",
"Fitzsimons",
",",
"Frederick",
"Crosson",
",",
"and",
"Thomas",
"Stritch",
".",
"Intellectual",
"leaders",
"included",
"Gurian",
",",
"Jacques",
"Maritain",
",",
"Frank",
"O'Malley",
",",
"Leo",
"Richard",
"Ward",
",",
"F.",
"A.",
"Hermens",
",",
"and",
"John",
"U.",
"Nef",
".",
"It",
"became",
"a",
"major",
"forum",
"for",
"political",
"ideas",
"and",
"modern",
"political",
"concerns",
",",
"especially",
"from",
"a",
"Catholic",
"and",
"scholastic",
"tradition",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
14,
23,
27,
35,
38,
43,
46,
52,
54,
62,
68,
75,
84,
92,
94,
97,
105,
113,
116,
121,
124,
127,
141,
150,
163,
170,
172,
181,
184,
196,
203,
206,
217,
227,
229,
233,
236,
241,
243,
247,
254,
258,
265,
268,
274,
276,
284,
294,
296,
306,
313,
315,
319,
326,
333,
335,
348,
356,
365,
371,
373,
381,
389,
391,
397,
405,
407,
411,
419,
423,
425,
428,
431,
438,
440,
444,
449,
452,
455,
457,
460,
467,
469,
475,
481,
485,
495,
501,
505,
512,
522,
530,
532,
543,
548,
550,
559,
563,
574,
583
]
} | 94fa3f74b90d481b9b73cea8861d4bd9 | Over how many years did Gurian edit the Review of Politics at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"Over",
"how",
"many",
"years",
"did",
"Gurian",
"edit",
"the",
"Review",
"of",
"Politics",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
14,
20,
24,
31,
36,
40,
47,
50,
59,
62,
68,
72
]
} | {
"text": [
"44"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
233
],
"end": [
234
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
38
],
"end": [
38
]
}
]
} | [
"44"
] |
SQuAD | The Review of Politics was founded in 1939 by Gurian, modeled after German Catholic journals. It quickly emerged as part of an international Catholic intellectual revival, offering an alternative vision to positivist philosophy. For 44 years, the Review was edited by Gurian, Matthew Fitzsimons, Frederick Crosson, and Thomas Stritch. Intellectual leaders included Gurian, Jacques Maritain, Frank O'Malley, Leo Richard Ward, F. A. Hermens, and John U. Nef. It became a major forum for political ideas and modern political concerns, especially from a Catholic and scholastic tradition. | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"Review",
"of",
"Politics",
"was",
"founded",
"in",
"1939",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"modeled",
"after",
"German",
"Catholic",
"journals",
".",
"It",
"quickly",
"emerged",
"as",
"part",
"of",
"an",
"international",
"Catholic",
"intellectual",
"revival",
",",
"offering",
"an",
"alternative",
"vision",
"to",
"positivist",
"philosophy",
".",
"For",
"44",
"years",
",",
"the",
"Review",
"was",
"edited",
"by",
"Gurian",
",",
"Matthew",
"Fitzsimons",
",",
"Frederick",
"Crosson",
",",
"and",
"Thomas",
"Stritch",
".",
"Intellectual",
"leaders",
"included",
"Gurian",
",",
"Jacques",
"Maritain",
",",
"Frank",
"O'Malley",
",",
"Leo",
"Richard",
"Ward",
",",
"F.",
"A.",
"Hermens",
",",
"and",
"John",
"U.",
"Nef",
".",
"It",
"became",
"a",
"major",
"forum",
"for",
"political",
"ideas",
"and",
"modern",
"political",
"concerns",
",",
"especially",
"from",
"a",
"Catholic",
"and",
"scholastic",
"tradition",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
11,
14,
23,
27,
35,
38,
43,
46,
52,
54,
62,
68,
75,
84,
92,
94,
97,
105,
113,
116,
121,
124,
127,
141,
150,
163,
170,
172,
181,
184,
196,
203,
206,
217,
227,
229,
233,
236,
241,
243,
247,
254,
258,
265,
268,
274,
276,
284,
294,
296,
306,
313,
315,
319,
326,
333,
335,
348,
356,
365,
371,
373,
381,
389,
391,
397,
405,
407,
411,
419,
423,
425,
428,
431,
438,
440,
444,
449,
452,
455,
457,
460,
467,
469,
475,
481,
485,
495,
501,
505,
512,
522,
530,
532,
543,
548,
550,
559,
563,
574,
583
]
} | 3d2e3d47f22b4e11bbc89480ca743922 | Thomas Stritch was an editor of which publican from Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"Thomas",
"Stritch",
"was",
"an",
"editor",
"of",
"which",
"publican",
"from",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
15,
19,
22,
29,
32,
38,
47,
52,
58,
62
]
} | {
"text": [
"Review of Politics"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
4
],
"end": [
21
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
1
],
"end": [
3
]
}
]
} | [
"Review of Politics"
] |
SQuAD | In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2015",
"-",
"2016",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"ranked",
"18th",
"overall",
"among",
"\"",
"national",
"universities",
"\"",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"2016",
".",
"In",
"2014",
",",
"USA",
"Today",
"ranked",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"10th",
"overall",
"for",
"American",
"universities",
"based",
"on",
"data",
"from",
"College",
"Factual",
".",
"Forbes.com",
"'s",
"America",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"13th",
"among",
"colleges",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"2015",
",",
"8th",
"among",
"Research",
"Universities",
",",
"and",
"1st",
"in",
"the",
"Midwest",
".",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"also",
"lists",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Law",
"School",
"as",
"22nd",
"overall",
".",
"BusinessWeek",
"ranks",
"Mendoza",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"undergraduate",
"school",
"as",
"1st",
"overall",
".",
"It",
"ranks",
"the",
"MBA",
"program",
"as",
"20th",
"overall",
".",
"The",
"Philosophical",
"Gourmet",
"Report",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"graduate",
"philosophy",
"program",
"as",
"15th",
"nationally",
",",
"while",
"ARCHITECT",
"Magazine",
"ranked",
"the",
"undergraduate",
"architecture",
"program",
"as",
"12th",
"nationally",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"study",
"abroad",
"program",
"ranks",
"sixth",
"in",
"highest",
"participation",
"percentage",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
",",
"with",
"57.6",
"%",
"of",
"students",
"choosing",
"to",
"study",
"abroad",
"in",
"17",
"countries",
".",
"According",
"to",
"payscale.com",
",",
"undergraduate",
"alumni",
"of",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"have",
"a",
"mid",
"-",
"career",
"median",
"salary",
"$",
"110,000",
",",
"making",
"it",
"the",
"24th",
"highest",
"among",
"colleges",
"and",
"universities",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"median",
"starting",
"salary",
"of",
"$",
"55,300",
"ranked",
"58th",
"in",
"the",
"same",
"peer",
"group",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
8,
12,
14,
20,
25,
32,
37,
45,
51,
52,
61,
73,
75,
78,
82,
89,
96,
99,
104,
109,
111,
117,
123,
126,
131,
140,
144,
146,
149,
153,
155,
159,
165,
172,
178,
183,
188,
196,
200,
209,
222,
228,
231,
236,
241,
249,
256,
258,
268,
271,
278,
281,
286,
295,
301,
307,
312,
317,
323,
332,
335,
339,
346,
353,
356,
360,
362,
366,
372,
381,
393,
395,
399,
403,
406,
410,
417,
419,
424,
429,
431,
437,
444,
449,
455,
461,
466,
470,
477,
480,
485,
492,
494,
507,
513,
521,
529,
532,
541,
555,
562,
565,
569,
576,
578,
581,
587,
591,
595,
603,
606,
611,
618,
620,
624,
638,
646,
653,
659,
665,
669,
672,
681,
692,
700,
703,
708,
718,
720,
726,
736,
745,
752,
756,
770,
783,
791,
794,
799,
809,
811,
823,
825,
829,
835,
842,
850,
856,
862,
865,
873,
887,
898,
901,
905,
911,
913,
918,
922,
924,
927,
936,
945,
948,
954,
961,
964,
967,
976,
978,
988,
991,
1003,
1005,
1019,
1026,
1029,
1040,
1043,
1049,
1054,
1059,
1061,
1064,
1065,
1072,
1079,
1086,
1087,
1094,
1096,
1103,
1106,
1110,
1115,
1123,
1129,
1138,
1142,
1155,
1158,
1162,
1169,
1175,
1177,
1181,
1188,
1197,
1204,
1207,
1208,
1215,
1222,
1227,
1230,
1234,
1239,
1244,
1249
]
} | d2d8d70442734955bc6eaea1d8f00646 | Where did U.S. News & World Report rank Notre Dame in its 2015-2016 university rankings? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"did",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"rank",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"in",
"its",
"2015",
"-",
"2016",
"university",
"rankings",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
10,
15,
20,
22,
28,
35,
40,
46,
51,
54,
58,
62,
63,
68,
79,
87
]
} | {
"text": [
"18th overall"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
32
],
"end": [
43
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
8
],
"end": [
9
]
}
]
} | [
"18th overall"
] |
SQuAD | In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2015",
"-",
"2016",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"ranked",
"18th",
"overall",
"among",
"\"",
"national",
"universities",
"\"",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"2016",
".",
"In",
"2014",
",",
"USA",
"Today",
"ranked",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"10th",
"overall",
"for",
"American",
"universities",
"based",
"on",
"data",
"from",
"College",
"Factual",
".",
"Forbes.com",
"'s",
"America",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"13th",
"among",
"colleges",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"2015",
",",
"8th",
"among",
"Research",
"Universities",
",",
"and",
"1st",
"in",
"the",
"Midwest",
".",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"also",
"lists",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Law",
"School",
"as",
"22nd",
"overall",
".",
"BusinessWeek",
"ranks",
"Mendoza",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"undergraduate",
"school",
"as",
"1st",
"overall",
".",
"It",
"ranks",
"the",
"MBA",
"program",
"as",
"20th",
"overall",
".",
"The",
"Philosophical",
"Gourmet",
"Report",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"graduate",
"philosophy",
"program",
"as",
"15th",
"nationally",
",",
"while",
"ARCHITECT",
"Magazine",
"ranked",
"the",
"undergraduate",
"architecture",
"program",
"as",
"12th",
"nationally",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"study",
"abroad",
"program",
"ranks",
"sixth",
"in",
"highest",
"participation",
"percentage",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
",",
"with",
"57.6",
"%",
"of",
"students",
"choosing",
"to",
"study",
"abroad",
"in",
"17",
"countries",
".",
"According",
"to",
"payscale.com",
",",
"undergraduate",
"alumni",
"of",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"have",
"a",
"mid",
"-",
"career",
"median",
"salary",
"$",
"110,000",
",",
"making",
"it",
"the",
"24th",
"highest",
"among",
"colleges",
"and",
"universities",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"median",
"starting",
"salary",
"of",
"$",
"55,300",
"ranked",
"58th",
"in",
"the",
"same",
"peer",
"group",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
8,
12,
14,
20,
25,
32,
37,
45,
51,
52,
61,
73,
75,
78,
82,
89,
96,
99,
104,
109,
111,
117,
123,
126,
131,
140,
144,
146,
149,
153,
155,
159,
165,
172,
178,
183,
188,
196,
200,
209,
222,
228,
231,
236,
241,
249,
256,
258,
268,
271,
278,
281,
286,
295,
301,
307,
312,
317,
323,
332,
335,
339,
346,
353,
356,
360,
362,
366,
372,
381,
393,
395,
399,
403,
406,
410,
417,
419,
424,
429,
431,
437,
444,
449,
455,
461,
466,
470,
477,
480,
485,
492,
494,
507,
513,
521,
529,
532,
541,
555,
562,
565,
569,
576,
578,
581,
587,
591,
595,
603,
606,
611,
618,
620,
624,
638,
646,
653,
659,
665,
669,
672,
681,
692,
700,
703,
708,
718,
720,
726,
736,
745,
752,
756,
770,
783,
791,
794,
799,
809,
811,
823,
825,
829,
835,
842,
850,
856,
862,
865,
873,
887,
898,
901,
905,
911,
913,
918,
922,
924,
927,
936,
945,
948,
954,
961,
964,
967,
976,
978,
988,
991,
1003,
1005,
1019,
1026,
1029,
1040,
1043,
1049,
1054,
1059,
1061,
1064,
1065,
1072,
1079,
1086,
1087,
1094,
1096,
1103,
1106,
1110,
1115,
1123,
1129,
1138,
1142,
1155,
1158,
1162,
1169,
1175,
1177,
1181,
1188,
1197,
1204,
1207,
1208,
1215,
1222,
1227,
1230,
1234,
1239,
1244,
1249
]
} | d4aa61642ba04c3b895385496de86ebe | Forbes.com placed Notre Dame at what position compared to other US research universities? | {
"tokens": [
"Forbes.com",
"placed",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"at",
"what",
"position",
"compared",
"to",
"other",
"US",
"research",
"universities",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
11,
18,
24,
29,
32,
37,
46,
55,
58,
64,
67,
76,
88
]
} | {
"text": [
"8th"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
362
],
"end": [
364
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
69
],
"end": [
69
]
}
]
} | [
"8th"
] |
SQuAD | In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2015",
"-",
"2016",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"ranked",
"18th",
"overall",
"among",
"\"",
"national",
"universities",
"\"",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"2016",
".",
"In",
"2014",
",",
"USA",
"Today",
"ranked",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"10th",
"overall",
"for",
"American",
"universities",
"based",
"on",
"data",
"from",
"College",
"Factual",
".",
"Forbes.com",
"'s",
"America",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"13th",
"among",
"colleges",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"2015",
",",
"8th",
"among",
"Research",
"Universities",
",",
"and",
"1st",
"in",
"the",
"Midwest",
".",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"also",
"lists",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Law",
"School",
"as",
"22nd",
"overall",
".",
"BusinessWeek",
"ranks",
"Mendoza",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"undergraduate",
"school",
"as",
"1st",
"overall",
".",
"It",
"ranks",
"the",
"MBA",
"program",
"as",
"20th",
"overall",
".",
"The",
"Philosophical",
"Gourmet",
"Report",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"graduate",
"philosophy",
"program",
"as",
"15th",
"nationally",
",",
"while",
"ARCHITECT",
"Magazine",
"ranked",
"the",
"undergraduate",
"architecture",
"program",
"as",
"12th",
"nationally",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"study",
"abroad",
"program",
"ranks",
"sixth",
"in",
"highest",
"participation",
"percentage",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
",",
"with",
"57.6",
"%",
"of",
"students",
"choosing",
"to",
"study",
"abroad",
"in",
"17",
"countries",
".",
"According",
"to",
"payscale.com",
",",
"undergraduate",
"alumni",
"of",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"have",
"a",
"mid",
"-",
"career",
"median",
"salary",
"$",
"110,000",
",",
"making",
"it",
"the",
"24th",
"highest",
"among",
"colleges",
"and",
"universities",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"median",
"starting",
"salary",
"of",
"$",
"55,300",
"ranked",
"58th",
"in",
"the",
"same",
"peer",
"group",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
8,
12,
14,
20,
25,
32,
37,
45,
51,
52,
61,
73,
75,
78,
82,
89,
96,
99,
104,
109,
111,
117,
123,
126,
131,
140,
144,
146,
149,
153,
155,
159,
165,
172,
178,
183,
188,
196,
200,
209,
222,
228,
231,
236,
241,
249,
256,
258,
268,
271,
278,
281,
286,
295,
301,
307,
312,
317,
323,
332,
335,
339,
346,
353,
356,
360,
362,
366,
372,
381,
393,
395,
399,
403,
406,
410,
417,
419,
424,
429,
431,
437,
444,
449,
455,
461,
466,
470,
477,
480,
485,
492,
494,
507,
513,
521,
529,
532,
541,
555,
562,
565,
569,
576,
578,
581,
587,
591,
595,
603,
606,
611,
618,
620,
624,
638,
646,
653,
659,
665,
669,
672,
681,
692,
700,
703,
708,
718,
720,
726,
736,
745,
752,
756,
770,
783,
791,
794,
799,
809,
811,
823,
825,
829,
835,
842,
850,
856,
862,
865,
873,
887,
898,
901,
905,
911,
913,
918,
922,
924,
927,
936,
945,
948,
954,
961,
964,
967,
976,
978,
988,
991,
1003,
1005,
1019,
1026,
1029,
1040,
1043,
1049,
1054,
1059,
1061,
1064,
1065,
1072,
1079,
1086,
1087,
1094,
1096,
1103,
1106,
1110,
1115,
1123,
1129,
1138,
1142,
1155,
1158,
1162,
1169,
1175,
1177,
1181,
1188,
1197,
1204,
1207,
1208,
1215,
1222,
1227,
1230,
1234,
1239,
1244,
1249
]
} | e2655e82c8494d22b717d1e71e1f28cb | The undergrad school at the Mendoza College of Business was ranked where according to BusinessWeek? | {
"tokens": [
"The",
"undergrad",
"school",
"at",
"the",
"Mendoza",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"was",
"ranked",
"where",
"according",
"to",
"BusinessWeek",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
14,
21,
24,
28,
36,
44,
47,
56,
60,
67,
73,
83,
86,
98
]
} | {
"text": [
"1st overall"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
565
],
"end": [
575
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
104
],
"end": [
105
]
}
]
} | [
"1st overall"
] |
SQuAD | In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2015",
"-",
"2016",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"ranked",
"18th",
"overall",
"among",
"\"",
"national",
"universities",
"\"",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"2016",
".",
"In",
"2014",
",",
"USA",
"Today",
"ranked",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"10th",
"overall",
"for",
"American",
"universities",
"based",
"on",
"data",
"from",
"College",
"Factual",
".",
"Forbes.com",
"'s",
"America",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"13th",
"among",
"colleges",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"2015",
",",
"8th",
"among",
"Research",
"Universities",
",",
"and",
"1st",
"in",
"the",
"Midwest",
".",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"also",
"lists",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Law",
"School",
"as",
"22nd",
"overall",
".",
"BusinessWeek",
"ranks",
"Mendoza",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"undergraduate",
"school",
"as",
"1st",
"overall",
".",
"It",
"ranks",
"the",
"MBA",
"program",
"as",
"20th",
"overall",
".",
"The",
"Philosophical",
"Gourmet",
"Report",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"graduate",
"philosophy",
"program",
"as",
"15th",
"nationally",
",",
"while",
"ARCHITECT",
"Magazine",
"ranked",
"the",
"undergraduate",
"architecture",
"program",
"as",
"12th",
"nationally",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"study",
"abroad",
"program",
"ranks",
"sixth",
"in",
"highest",
"participation",
"percentage",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
",",
"with",
"57.6",
"%",
"of",
"students",
"choosing",
"to",
"study",
"abroad",
"in",
"17",
"countries",
".",
"According",
"to",
"payscale.com",
",",
"undergraduate",
"alumni",
"of",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"have",
"a",
"mid",
"-",
"career",
"median",
"salary",
"$",
"110,000",
",",
"making",
"it",
"the",
"24th",
"highest",
"among",
"colleges",
"and",
"universities",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"median",
"starting",
"salary",
"of",
"$",
"55,300",
"ranked",
"58th",
"in",
"the",
"same",
"peer",
"group",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
8,
12,
14,
20,
25,
32,
37,
45,
51,
52,
61,
73,
75,
78,
82,
89,
96,
99,
104,
109,
111,
117,
123,
126,
131,
140,
144,
146,
149,
153,
155,
159,
165,
172,
178,
183,
188,
196,
200,
209,
222,
228,
231,
236,
241,
249,
256,
258,
268,
271,
278,
281,
286,
295,
301,
307,
312,
317,
323,
332,
335,
339,
346,
353,
356,
360,
362,
366,
372,
381,
393,
395,
399,
403,
406,
410,
417,
419,
424,
429,
431,
437,
444,
449,
455,
461,
466,
470,
477,
480,
485,
492,
494,
507,
513,
521,
529,
532,
541,
555,
562,
565,
569,
576,
578,
581,
587,
591,
595,
603,
606,
611,
618,
620,
624,
638,
646,
653,
659,
665,
669,
672,
681,
692,
700,
703,
708,
718,
720,
726,
736,
745,
752,
756,
770,
783,
791,
794,
799,
809,
811,
823,
825,
829,
835,
842,
850,
856,
862,
865,
873,
887,
898,
901,
905,
911,
913,
918,
922,
924,
927,
936,
945,
948,
954,
961,
964,
967,
976,
978,
988,
991,
1003,
1005,
1019,
1026,
1029,
1040,
1043,
1049,
1054,
1059,
1061,
1064,
1065,
1072,
1079,
1086,
1087,
1094,
1096,
1103,
1106,
1110,
1115,
1123,
1129,
1138,
1142,
1155,
1158,
1162,
1169,
1175,
1177,
1181,
1188,
1197,
1204,
1207,
1208,
1215,
1222,
1227,
1230,
1234,
1239,
1244,
1249
]
} | 2451f6954c6f4945b177610257b11478 | In 2014 what entity named Notre Dame 10th best of all American universities? | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2014",
"what",
"entity",
"named",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"10th",
"best",
"of",
"all",
"American",
"universities",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
8,
13,
20,
26,
32,
37,
42,
47,
50,
54,
63,
75
]
} | {
"text": [
"USA Today"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
155
],
"end": [
163
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
33
],
"end": [
34
]
}
]
} | [
"USA Today"
] |
SQuAD | In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among "national universities" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group. | {
"tokens": [
"In",
"2015",
"-",
"2016",
",",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"ranked",
"18th",
"overall",
"among",
"\"",
"national",
"universities",
"\"",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"2016",
".",
"In",
"2014",
",",
"USA",
"Today",
"ranked",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"10th",
"overall",
"for",
"American",
"universities",
"based",
"on",
"data",
"from",
"College",
"Factual",
".",
"Forbes.com",
"'s",
"America",
"'s",
"Best",
"Colleges",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"13th",
"among",
"colleges",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
"in",
"2015",
",",
"8th",
"among",
"Research",
"Universities",
",",
"and",
"1st",
"in",
"the",
"Midwest",
".",
"U.S.",
"News",
"&",
"World",
"Report",
"also",
"lists",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"Law",
"School",
"as",
"22nd",
"overall",
".",
"BusinessWeek",
"ranks",
"Mendoza",
"College",
"of",
"Business",
"undergraduate",
"school",
"as",
"1st",
"overall",
".",
"It",
"ranks",
"the",
"MBA",
"program",
"as",
"20th",
"overall",
".",
"The",
"Philosophical",
"Gourmet",
"Report",
"ranks",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"'s",
"graduate",
"philosophy",
"program",
"as",
"15th",
"nationally",
",",
"while",
"ARCHITECT",
"Magazine",
"ranked",
"the",
"undergraduate",
"architecture",
"program",
"as",
"12th",
"nationally",
".",
"Additionally",
",",
"the",
"study",
"abroad",
"program",
"ranks",
"sixth",
"in",
"highest",
"participation",
"percentage",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
",",
"with",
"57.6",
"%",
"of",
"students",
"choosing",
"to",
"study",
"abroad",
"in",
"17",
"countries",
".",
"According",
"to",
"payscale.com",
",",
"undergraduate",
"alumni",
"of",
"University",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"have",
"a",
"mid",
"-",
"career",
"median",
"salary",
"$",
"110,000",
",",
"making",
"it",
"the",
"24th",
"highest",
"among",
"colleges",
"and",
"universities",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"The",
"median",
"starting",
"salary",
"of",
"$",
"55,300",
"ranked",
"58th",
"in",
"the",
"same",
"peer",
"group",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
3,
7,
8,
12,
14,
20,
25,
32,
37,
45,
51,
52,
61,
73,
75,
78,
82,
89,
96,
99,
104,
109,
111,
117,
123,
126,
131,
140,
144,
146,
149,
153,
155,
159,
165,
172,
178,
183,
188,
196,
200,
209,
222,
228,
231,
236,
241,
249,
256,
258,
268,
271,
278,
281,
286,
295,
301,
307,
312,
317,
323,
332,
335,
339,
346,
353,
356,
360,
362,
366,
372,
381,
393,
395,
399,
403,
406,
410,
417,
419,
424,
429,
431,
437,
444,
449,
455,
461,
466,
470,
477,
480,
485,
492,
494,
507,
513,
521,
529,
532,
541,
555,
562,
565,
569,
576,
578,
581,
587,
591,
595,
603,
606,
611,
618,
620,
624,
638,
646,
653,
659,
665,
669,
672,
681,
692,
700,
703,
708,
718,
720,
726,
736,
745,
752,
756,
770,
783,
791,
794,
799,
809,
811,
823,
825,
829,
835,
842,
850,
856,
862,
865,
873,
887,
898,
901,
905,
911,
913,
918,
922,
924,
927,
936,
945,
948,
954,
961,
964,
967,
976,
978,
988,
991,
1003,
1005,
1019,
1026,
1029,
1040,
1043,
1049,
1054,
1059,
1061,
1064,
1065,
1072,
1079,
1086,
1087,
1094,
1096,
1103,
1106,
1110,
1115,
1123,
1129,
1138,
1142,
1155,
1158,
1162,
1169,
1175,
1177,
1181,
1188,
1197,
1204,
1207,
1208,
1215,
1222,
1227,
1230,
1234,
1239,
1244,
1249
]
} | a243976dd0cb4531bdc1c3b5e0d72cc4 | What percentage of Notre Dame students decide to study abroad? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"percentage",
"of",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"students",
"decide",
"to",
"study",
"abroad",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
16,
19,
25,
30,
39,
46,
49,
55,
61
]
} | {
"text": [
"57.6%"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
918
],
"end": [
922
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
160
],
"end": [
161
]
}
]
} | [
"57.6%"
] |
SQuAD | Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. | {
"tokens": [
"Father",
"Joseph",
"Carrier",
",",
"C.S.C.",
"was",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Museum",
"and",
"the",
"Library",
"and",
"Professor",
"of",
"Chemistry",
"and",
"Physics",
"until",
"1874",
".",
"Carrier",
"taught",
"that",
"scientific",
"research",
"and",
"its",
"promise",
"for",
"progress",
"were",
"not",
"antagonistic",
"to",
"the",
"ideals",
"of",
"intellectual",
"and",
"moral",
"culture",
"endorsed",
"by",
"the",
"Church",
".",
"One",
"of",
"Carrier",
"'s",
"students",
"was",
"Father",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"(",
"1851–1921",
")",
"who",
"was",
"made",
"Professor",
"and",
"Co",
"-",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Department",
"at",
"age",
"23",
"and",
"by",
"1900",
"was",
"a",
"nationally",
"prominent",
"scientist",
"and",
"naturalist",
".",
"Zahm",
"was",
"active",
"in",
"the",
"Catholic",
"Summer",
"School",
"movement",
",",
"which",
"introduced",
"Catholic",
"laity",
"to",
"contemporary",
"intellectual",
"issues",
".",
"His",
"book",
"Evolution",
"and",
"Dogma",
"(",
"1896",
")",
"defended",
"certain",
"aspects",
"of",
"evolutionary",
"theory",
"as",
"true",
",",
"and",
"argued",
",",
"moreover",
",",
"that",
"even",
"the",
"great",
"Church",
"teachers",
"Thomas",
"Aquinas",
"and",
"Augustine",
"taught",
"something",
"like",
"it",
".",
"The",
"intervention",
"of",
"Irish",
"American",
"Catholics",
"in",
"Rome",
"prevented",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"censure",
"by",
"the",
"Vatican",
".",
"In",
"1913",
",",
"Zahm",
"and",
"former",
"President",
"Theodore",
"Roosevelt",
"embarked",
"on",
"a",
"major",
"expedition",
"through",
"the",
"Amazon",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
14,
21,
23,
30,
34,
43,
46,
50,
58,
65,
69,
73,
81,
85,
95,
98,
108,
112,
120,
126,
130,
132,
140,
147,
152,
163,
172,
176,
180,
188,
192,
201,
206,
210,
223,
226,
230,
237,
240,
253,
257,
263,
271,
280,
283,
287,
293,
295,
299,
302,
309,
312,
321,
325,
332,
337,
347,
352,
353,
362,
364,
368,
372,
377,
387,
391,
393,
394,
403,
406,
410,
418,
429,
432,
436,
439,
443,
446,
451,
455,
457,
468,
478,
488,
492,
502,
504,
509,
513,
520,
523,
527,
536,
543,
550,
558,
560,
566,
577,
586,
592,
595,
608,
621,
627,
629,
633,
638,
648,
652,
658,
659,
663,
665,
674,
682,
690,
693,
706,
713,
716,
720,
722,
726,
732,
734,
742,
744,
749,
754,
758,
764,
771,
780,
787,
795,
799,
809,
816,
826,
831,
833,
835,
839,
852,
855,
861,
870,
880,
883,
888,
898,
902,
905,
913,
916,
920,
927,
929,
932,
936,
938,
943,
947,
954,
964,
973,
983,
992,
995,
997,
1003,
1014,
1022,
1026,
1032
]
} | 4e38d354d26e4707ad799e7c2a068723 | What person was the Director of the Science Museum at Notre Dame in the late 19th century? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"person",
"was",
"the",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Museum",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"in",
"the",
"late",
"19th",
"century",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
12,
16,
20,
29,
32,
36,
44,
51,
54,
60,
65,
68,
72,
77,
82,
89
]
} | {
"text": [
"Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C."
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
0
],
"end": [
28
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
0
],
"end": [
4
]
}
]
} | [
"Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C."
] |
SQuAD | Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. | {
"tokens": [
"Father",
"Joseph",
"Carrier",
",",
"C.S.C.",
"was",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Museum",
"and",
"the",
"Library",
"and",
"Professor",
"of",
"Chemistry",
"and",
"Physics",
"until",
"1874",
".",
"Carrier",
"taught",
"that",
"scientific",
"research",
"and",
"its",
"promise",
"for",
"progress",
"were",
"not",
"antagonistic",
"to",
"the",
"ideals",
"of",
"intellectual",
"and",
"moral",
"culture",
"endorsed",
"by",
"the",
"Church",
".",
"One",
"of",
"Carrier",
"'s",
"students",
"was",
"Father",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"(",
"1851–1921",
")",
"who",
"was",
"made",
"Professor",
"and",
"Co",
"-",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Department",
"at",
"age",
"23",
"and",
"by",
"1900",
"was",
"a",
"nationally",
"prominent",
"scientist",
"and",
"naturalist",
".",
"Zahm",
"was",
"active",
"in",
"the",
"Catholic",
"Summer",
"School",
"movement",
",",
"which",
"introduced",
"Catholic",
"laity",
"to",
"contemporary",
"intellectual",
"issues",
".",
"His",
"book",
"Evolution",
"and",
"Dogma",
"(",
"1896",
")",
"defended",
"certain",
"aspects",
"of",
"evolutionary",
"theory",
"as",
"true",
",",
"and",
"argued",
",",
"moreover",
",",
"that",
"even",
"the",
"great",
"Church",
"teachers",
"Thomas",
"Aquinas",
"and",
"Augustine",
"taught",
"something",
"like",
"it",
".",
"The",
"intervention",
"of",
"Irish",
"American",
"Catholics",
"in",
"Rome",
"prevented",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"censure",
"by",
"the",
"Vatican",
".",
"In",
"1913",
",",
"Zahm",
"and",
"former",
"President",
"Theodore",
"Roosevelt",
"embarked",
"on",
"a",
"major",
"expedition",
"through",
"the",
"Amazon",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
14,
21,
23,
30,
34,
43,
46,
50,
58,
65,
69,
73,
81,
85,
95,
98,
108,
112,
120,
126,
130,
132,
140,
147,
152,
163,
172,
176,
180,
188,
192,
201,
206,
210,
223,
226,
230,
237,
240,
253,
257,
263,
271,
280,
283,
287,
293,
295,
299,
302,
309,
312,
321,
325,
332,
337,
347,
352,
353,
362,
364,
368,
372,
377,
387,
391,
393,
394,
403,
406,
410,
418,
429,
432,
436,
439,
443,
446,
451,
455,
457,
468,
478,
488,
492,
502,
504,
509,
513,
520,
523,
527,
536,
543,
550,
558,
560,
566,
577,
586,
592,
595,
608,
621,
627,
629,
633,
638,
648,
652,
658,
659,
663,
665,
674,
682,
690,
693,
706,
713,
716,
720,
722,
726,
732,
734,
742,
744,
749,
754,
758,
764,
771,
780,
787,
795,
799,
809,
816,
826,
831,
833,
835,
839,
852,
855,
861,
870,
880,
883,
888,
898,
902,
905,
913,
916,
920,
927,
929,
932,
936,
938,
943,
947,
954,
964,
973,
983,
992,
995,
997,
1003,
1014,
1022,
1026,
1032
]
} | cd2d05a8332546a0809becdd0c488d27 | What was the lifespan of John Augustine Zahm? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"was",
"the",
"lifespan",
"of",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
9,
13,
22,
25,
30,
40,
44
]
} | {
"text": [
"1851–1921"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
353
],
"end": [
361
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
60
],
"end": [
60
]
}
]
} | [
"1851–1921"
] |
SQuAD | Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. | {
"tokens": [
"Father",
"Joseph",
"Carrier",
",",
"C.S.C.",
"was",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Museum",
"and",
"the",
"Library",
"and",
"Professor",
"of",
"Chemistry",
"and",
"Physics",
"until",
"1874",
".",
"Carrier",
"taught",
"that",
"scientific",
"research",
"and",
"its",
"promise",
"for",
"progress",
"were",
"not",
"antagonistic",
"to",
"the",
"ideals",
"of",
"intellectual",
"and",
"moral",
"culture",
"endorsed",
"by",
"the",
"Church",
".",
"One",
"of",
"Carrier",
"'s",
"students",
"was",
"Father",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"(",
"1851–1921",
")",
"who",
"was",
"made",
"Professor",
"and",
"Co",
"-",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Department",
"at",
"age",
"23",
"and",
"by",
"1900",
"was",
"a",
"nationally",
"prominent",
"scientist",
"and",
"naturalist",
".",
"Zahm",
"was",
"active",
"in",
"the",
"Catholic",
"Summer",
"School",
"movement",
",",
"which",
"introduced",
"Catholic",
"laity",
"to",
"contemporary",
"intellectual",
"issues",
".",
"His",
"book",
"Evolution",
"and",
"Dogma",
"(",
"1896",
")",
"defended",
"certain",
"aspects",
"of",
"evolutionary",
"theory",
"as",
"true",
",",
"and",
"argued",
",",
"moreover",
",",
"that",
"even",
"the",
"great",
"Church",
"teachers",
"Thomas",
"Aquinas",
"and",
"Augustine",
"taught",
"something",
"like",
"it",
".",
"The",
"intervention",
"of",
"Irish",
"American",
"Catholics",
"in",
"Rome",
"prevented",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"censure",
"by",
"the",
"Vatican",
".",
"In",
"1913",
",",
"Zahm",
"and",
"former",
"President",
"Theodore",
"Roosevelt",
"embarked",
"on",
"a",
"major",
"expedition",
"through",
"the",
"Amazon",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
14,
21,
23,
30,
34,
43,
46,
50,
58,
65,
69,
73,
81,
85,
95,
98,
108,
112,
120,
126,
130,
132,
140,
147,
152,
163,
172,
176,
180,
188,
192,
201,
206,
210,
223,
226,
230,
237,
240,
253,
257,
263,
271,
280,
283,
287,
293,
295,
299,
302,
309,
312,
321,
325,
332,
337,
347,
352,
353,
362,
364,
368,
372,
377,
387,
391,
393,
394,
403,
406,
410,
418,
429,
432,
436,
439,
443,
446,
451,
455,
457,
468,
478,
488,
492,
502,
504,
509,
513,
520,
523,
527,
536,
543,
550,
558,
560,
566,
577,
586,
592,
595,
608,
621,
627,
629,
633,
638,
648,
652,
658,
659,
663,
665,
674,
682,
690,
693,
706,
713,
716,
720,
722,
726,
732,
734,
742,
744,
749,
754,
758,
764,
771,
780,
787,
795,
799,
809,
816,
826,
831,
833,
835,
839,
852,
855,
861,
870,
880,
883,
888,
898,
902,
905,
913,
916,
920,
927,
929,
932,
936,
938,
943,
947,
954,
964,
973,
983,
992,
995,
997,
1003,
1014,
1022,
1026,
1032
]
} | 8912254fc0ae4bb7949c8f974d60d9c1 | What program did John Augustine Zahm come to co-direct at Nore Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"program",
"did",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"come",
"to",
"co",
"-",
"direct",
"at",
"Nore",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
13,
17,
22,
32,
37,
42,
45,
47,
48,
55,
58,
63,
67
]
} | {
"text": [
"the Science Department"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
406
],
"end": [
427
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
71
],
"end": [
73
]
}
]
} | [
"the Science Department"
] |
SQuAD | Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. | {
"tokens": [
"Father",
"Joseph",
"Carrier",
",",
"C.S.C.",
"was",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Museum",
"and",
"the",
"Library",
"and",
"Professor",
"of",
"Chemistry",
"and",
"Physics",
"until",
"1874",
".",
"Carrier",
"taught",
"that",
"scientific",
"research",
"and",
"its",
"promise",
"for",
"progress",
"were",
"not",
"antagonistic",
"to",
"the",
"ideals",
"of",
"intellectual",
"and",
"moral",
"culture",
"endorsed",
"by",
"the",
"Church",
".",
"One",
"of",
"Carrier",
"'s",
"students",
"was",
"Father",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"(",
"1851–1921",
")",
"who",
"was",
"made",
"Professor",
"and",
"Co",
"-",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Department",
"at",
"age",
"23",
"and",
"by",
"1900",
"was",
"a",
"nationally",
"prominent",
"scientist",
"and",
"naturalist",
".",
"Zahm",
"was",
"active",
"in",
"the",
"Catholic",
"Summer",
"School",
"movement",
",",
"which",
"introduced",
"Catholic",
"laity",
"to",
"contemporary",
"intellectual",
"issues",
".",
"His",
"book",
"Evolution",
"and",
"Dogma",
"(",
"1896",
")",
"defended",
"certain",
"aspects",
"of",
"evolutionary",
"theory",
"as",
"true",
",",
"and",
"argued",
",",
"moreover",
",",
"that",
"even",
"the",
"great",
"Church",
"teachers",
"Thomas",
"Aquinas",
"and",
"Augustine",
"taught",
"something",
"like",
"it",
".",
"The",
"intervention",
"of",
"Irish",
"American",
"Catholics",
"in",
"Rome",
"prevented",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"censure",
"by",
"the",
"Vatican",
".",
"In",
"1913",
",",
"Zahm",
"and",
"former",
"President",
"Theodore",
"Roosevelt",
"embarked",
"on",
"a",
"major",
"expedition",
"through",
"the",
"Amazon",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
14,
21,
23,
30,
34,
43,
46,
50,
58,
65,
69,
73,
81,
85,
95,
98,
108,
112,
120,
126,
130,
132,
140,
147,
152,
163,
172,
176,
180,
188,
192,
201,
206,
210,
223,
226,
230,
237,
240,
253,
257,
263,
271,
280,
283,
287,
293,
295,
299,
302,
309,
312,
321,
325,
332,
337,
347,
352,
353,
362,
364,
368,
372,
377,
387,
391,
393,
394,
403,
406,
410,
418,
429,
432,
436,
439,
443,
446,
451,
455,
457,
468,
478,
488,
492,
502,
504,
509,
513,
520,
523,
527,
536,
543,
550,
558,
560,
566,
577,
586,
592,
595,
608,
621,
627,
629,
633,
638,
648,
652,
658,
659,
663,
665,
674,
682,
690,
693,
706,
713,
716,
720,
722,
726,
732,
734,
742,
744,
749,
754,
758,
764,
771,
780,
787,
795,
799,
809,
816,
826,
831,
833,
835,
839,
852,
855,
861,
870,
880,
883,
888,
898,
902,
905,
913,
916,
920,
927,
929,
932,
936,
938,
943,
947,
954,
964,
973,
983,
992,
995,
997,
1003,
1014,
1022,
1026,
1032
]
} | 499e37e286254fb592269c87af0b0595 | What book did John Zahm write in 1896? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"book",
"did",
"John",
"Zahm",
"write",
"in",
"1896",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
10,
14,
19,
24,
30,
33,
37
]
} | {
"text": [
"Evolution and Dogma"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
638
],
"end": [
656
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
109
],
"end": [
111
]
}
]
} | [
"Evolution and Dogma"
] |
SQuAD | Father Joseph Carrier, C.S.C. was Director of the Science Museum and the Library and Professor of Chemistry and Physics until 1874. Carrier taught that scientific research and its promise for progress were not antagonistic to the ideals of intellectual and moral culture endorsed by the Church. One of Carrier's students was Father John Augustine Zahm (1851–1921) who was made Professor and Co-Director of the Science Department at age 23 and by 1900 was a nationally prominent scientist and naturalist. Zahm was active in the Catholic Summer School movement, which introduced Catholic laity to contemporary intellectual issues. His book Evolution and Dogma (1896) defended certain aspects of evolutionary theory as true, and argued, moreover, that even the great Church teachers Thomas Aquinas and Augustine taught something like it. The intervention of Irish American Catholics in Rome prevented Zahm's censure by the Vatican. In 1913, Zahm and former President Theodore Roosevelt embarked on a major expedition through the Amazon. | {
"tokens": [
"Father",
"Joseph",
"Carrier",
",",
"C.S.C.",
"was",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Museum",
"and",
"the",
"Library",
"and",
"Professor",
"of",
"Chemistry",
"and",
"Physics",
"until",
"1874",
".",
"Carrier",
"taught",
"that",
"scientific",
"research",
"and",
"its",
"promise",
"for",
"progress",
"were",
"not",
"antagonistic",
"to",
"the",
"ideals",
"of",
"intellectual",
"and",
"moral",
"culture",
"endorsed",
"by",
"the",
"Church",
".",
"One",
"of",
"Carrier",
"'s",
"students",
"was",
"Father",
"John",
"Augustine",
"Zahm",
"(",
"1851–1921",
")",
"who",
"was",
"made",
"Professor",
"and",
"Co",
"-",
"Director",
"of",
"the",
"Science",
"Department",
"at",
"age",
"23",
"and",
"by",
"1900",
"was",
"a",
"nationally",
"prominent",
"scientist",
"and",
"naturalist",
".",
"Zahm",
"was",
"active",
"in",
"the",
"Catholic",
"Summer",
"School",
"movement",
",",
"which",
"introduced",
"Catholic",
"laity",
"to",
"contemporary",
"intellectual",
"issues",
".",
"His",
"book",
"Evolution",
"and",
"Dogma",
"(",
"1896",
")",
"defended",
"certain",
"aspects",
"of",
"evolutionary",
"theory",
"as",
"true",
",",
"and",
"argued",
",",
"moreover",
",",
"that",
"even",
"the",
"great",
"Church",
"teachers",
"Thomas",
"Aquinas",
"and",
"Augustine",
"taught",
"something",
"like",
"it",
".",
"The",
"intervention",
"of",
"Irish",
"American",
"Catholics",
"in",
"Rome",
"prevented",
"Zahm",
"'s",
"censure",
"by",
"the",
"Vatican",
".",
"In",
"1913",
",",
"Zahm",
"and",
"former",
"President",
"Theodore",
"Roosevelt",
"embarked",
"on",
"a",
"major",
"expedition",
"through",
"the",
"Amazon",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
7,
14,
21,
23,
30,
34,
43,
46,
50,
58,
65,
69,
73,
81,
85,
95,
98,
108,
112,
120,
126,
130,
132,
140,
147,
152,
163,
172,
176,
180,
188,
192,
201,
206,
210,
223,
226,
230,
237,
240,
253,
257,
263,
271,
280,
283,
287,
293,
295,
299,
302,
309,
312,
321,
325,
332,
337,
347,
352,
353,
362,
364,
368,
372,
377,
387,
391,
393,
394,
403,
406,
410,
418,
429,
432,
436,
439,
443,
446,
451,
455,
457,
468,
478,
488,
492,
502,
504,
509,
513,
520,
523,
527,
536,
543,
550,
558,
560,
566,
577,
586,
592,
595,
608,
621,
627,
629,
633,
638,
648,
652,
658,
659,
663,
665,
674,
682,
690,
693,
706,
713,
716,
720,
722,
726,
732,
734,
742,
744,
749,
754,
758,
764,
771,
780,
787,
795,
799,
809,
816,
826,
831,
833,
835,
839,
852,
855,
861,
870,
880,
883,
888,
898,
902,
905,
913,
916,
920,
927,
929,
932,
936,
938,
943,
947,
954,
964,
973,
983,
992,
995,
997,
1003,
1014,
1022,
1026,
1032
]
} | c004aab9345341ae8dd54c6220d6231d | What professorship did Father Josh Carrier hold at Notre Dame? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"professorship",
"did",
"Father",
"Josh",
"Carrier",
"hold",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
19,
23,
30,
35,
43,
48,
51,
57,
61
]
} | {
"text": [
"Professor of Chemistry and Physics"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
85
],
"end": [
118
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
15
],
"end": [
19
]
}
]
} | [
"Professor of Chemistry and Physics"
] |
SQuAD | Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture. | {
"tokens": [
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"known",
"for",
"its",
"competitive",
"admissions",
",",
"with",
"the",
"incoming",
"class",
"enrolling",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"admitting",
"3,577",
"from",
"a",
"pool",
"of",
"18,156",
"(",
"19.7",
"%",
")",
".",
"The",
"academic",
"profile",
"of",
"the",
"enrolled",
"class",
"continues",
"to",
"rate",
"among",
"the",
"top",
"10",
"to",
"15",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
"for",
"national",
"research",
"universities",
".",
"The",
"university",
"practices",
"a",
"non",
"-",
"restrictive",
"early",
"action",
"policy",
"that",
"allows",
"admitted",
"students",
"to",
"consider",
"admission",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"any",
"other",
"colleges",
"to",
"which",
"they",
"were",
"accepted",
".",
"1,400",
"of",
"the",
"3,577",
"(",
"39.1",
"%",
")",
"were",
"admitted",
"under",
"the",
"early",
"action",
"plan",
".",
"Admitted",
"students",
"came",
"from",
"1,311",
"high",
"schools",
"and",
"the",
"average",
"student",
"traveled",
"more",
"than",
"750",
"miles",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
",",
"making",
"it",
"arguably",
"the",
"most",
"representative",
"university",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"While",
"all",
"entering",
"students",
"begin",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
",",
"25",
"%",
"have",
"indicated",
"they",
"plan",
"to",
"study",
"in",
"the",
"liberal",
"arts",
"or",
"social",
"sciences",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"engineering",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"business",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"science",
",",
"and",
"3",
"%",
"in",
"architecture",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
14,
20,
24,
28,
40,
50,
52,
57,
61,
70,
76,
86,
89,
94,
99,
109,
115,
120,
122,
127,
130,
137,
138,
142,
143,
144,
146,
150,
159,
167,
170,
174,
183,
189,
199,
202,
207,
213,
217,
221,
224,
227,
230,
233,
237,
244,
248,
257,
266,
278,
280,
284,
295,
305,
307,
310,
311,
323,
329,
336,
343,
348,
355,
364,
373,
376,
385,
395,
398,
404,
409,
412,
417,
420,
424,
430,
439,
442,
448,
453,
458,
466,
468,
474,
477,
481,
487,
488,
492,
493,
495,
500,
509,
515,
519,
525,
532,
536,
538,
547,
556,
561,
566,
572,
577,
585,
589,
593,
601,
609,
618,
623,
628,
632,
638,
641,
647,
651,
653,
660,
663,
672,
676,
681,
696,
707,
710,
714,
721,
727,
729,
735,
739,
748,
757,
763,
766,
770,
778,
781,
785,
791,
796,
799,
806,
808,
810,
812,
817,
827,
832,
837,
840,
846,
849,
853,
861,
866,
869,
876,
884,
886,
888,
890,
893,
904,
906,
908,
910,
913,
921,
923,
925,
927,
930,
937,
939,
943,
944,
946,
949,
961
]
} | 99e82b66844545cda435e4d210d46ef0 | How many incoming students did Notre Dame admit in fall 2015? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"incoming",
"students",
"did",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"admit",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
18,
27,
31,
37,
42,
48,
51,
56,
60
]
} | {
"text": [
"3,577"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
109
],
"end": [
113
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
18
],
"end": [
18
]
}
]
} | [
"3,577"
] |
SQuAD | Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture. | {
"tokens": [
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"known",
"for",
"its",
"competitive",
"admissions",
",",
"with",
"the",
"incoming",
"class",
"enrolling",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"admitting",
"3,577",
"from",
"a",
"pool",
"of",
"18,156",
"(",
"19.7",
"%",
")",
".",
"The",
"academic",
"profile",
"of",
"the",
"enrolled",
"class",
"continues",
"to",
"rate",
"among",
"the",
"top",
"10",
"to",
"15",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
"for",
"national",
"research",
"universities",
".",
"The",
"university",
"practices",
"a",
"non",
"-",
"restrictive",
"early",
"action",
"policy",
"that",
"allows",
"admitted",
"students",
"to",
"consider",
"admission",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"any",
"other",
"colleges",
"to",
"which",
"they",
"were",
"accepted",
".",
"1,400",
"of",
"the",
"3,577",
"(",
"39.1",
"%",
")",
"were",
"admitted",
"under",
"the",
"early",
"action",
"plan",
".",
"Admitted",
"students",
"came",
"from",
"1,311",
"high",
"schools",
"and",
"the",
"average",
"student",
"traveled",
"more",
"than",
"750",
"miles",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
",",
"making",
"it",
"arguably",
"the",
"most",
"representative",
"university",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"While",
"all",
"entering",
"students",
"begin",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
",",
"25",
"%",
"have",
"indicated",
"they",
"plan",
"to",
"study",
"in",
"the",
"liberal",
"arts",
"or",
"social",
"sciences",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"engineering",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"business",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"science",
",",
"and",
"3",
"%",
"in",
"architecture",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
14,
20,
24,
28,
40,
50,
52,
57,
61,
70,
76,
86,
89,
94,
99,
109,
115,
120,
122,
127,
130,
137,
138,
142,
143,
144,
146,
150,
159,
167,
170,
174,
183,
189,
199,
202,
207,
213,
217,
221,
224,
227,
230,
233,
237,
244,
248,
257,
266,
278,
280,
284,
295,
305,
307,
310,
311,
323,
329,
336,
343,
348,
355,
364,
373,
376,
385,
395,
398,
404,
409,
412,
417,
420,
424,
430,
439,
442,
448,
453,
458,
466,
468,
474,
477,
481,
487,
488,
492,
493,
495,
500,
509,
515,
519,
525,
532,
536,
538,
547,
556,
561,
566,
572,
577,
585,
589,
593,
601,
609,
618,
623,
628,
632,
638,
641,
647,
651,
653,
660,
663,
672,
676,
681,
696,
707,
710,
714,
721,
727,
729,
735,
739,
748,
757,
763,
766,
770,
778,
781,
785,
791,
796,
799,
806,
808,
810,
812,
817,
827,
832,
837,
840,
846,
849,
853,
861,
866,
869,
876,
884,
886,
888,
890,
893,
904,
906,
908,
910,
913,
921,
923,
925,
927,
930,
937,
939,
943,
944,
946,
949,
961
]
} | 8cbbbee3960d40cbac13fb29bebdfb15 | What percentage of students were admitted to Notre Dame in fall 2015? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"percentage",
"of",
"students",
"were",
"admitted",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
16,
19,
28,
33,
42,
45,
51,
56,
59,
64,
68
]
} | {
"text": [
"19.7%"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
138
],
"end": [
142
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
25
],
"end": [
26
]
}
]
} | [
"19.7%"
] |
SQuAD | Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture. | {
"tokens": [
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"known",
"for",
"its",
"competitive",
"admissions",
",",
"with",
"the",
"incoming",
"class",
"enrolling",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"admitting",
"3,577",
"from",
"a",
"pool",
"of",
"18,156",
"(",
"19.7",
"%",
")",
".",
"The",
"academic",
"profile",
"of",
"the",
"enrolled",
"class",
"continues",
"to",
"rate",
"among",
"the",
"top",
"10",
"to",
"15",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
"for",
"national",
"research",
"universities",
".",
"The",
"university",
"practices",
"a",
"non",
"-",
"restrictive",
"early",
"action",
"policy",
"that",
"allows",
"admitted",
"students",
"to",
"consider",
"admission",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"any",
"other",
"colleges",
"to",
"which",
"they",
"were",
"accepted",
".",
"1,400",
"of",
"the",
"3,577",
"(",
"39.1",
"%",
")",
"were",
"admitted",
"under",
"the",
"early",
"action",
"plan",
".",
"Admitted",
"students",
"came",
"from",
"1,311",
"high",
"schools",
"and",
"the",
"average",
"student",
"traveled",
"more",
"than",
"750",
"miles",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
",",
"making",
"it",
"arguably",
"the",
"most",
"representative",
"university",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"While",
"all",
"entering",
"students",
"begin",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
",",
"25",
"%",
"have",
"indicated",
"they",
"plan",
"to",
"study",
"in",
"the",
"liberal",
"arts",
"or",
"social",
"sciences",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"engineering",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"business",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"science",
",",
"and",
"3",
"%",
"in",
"architecture",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
14,
20,
24,
28,
40,
50,
52,
57,
61,
70,
76,
86,
89,
94,
99,
109,
115,
120,
122,
127,
130,
137,
138,
142,
143,
144,
146,
150,
159,
167,
170,
174,
183,
189,
199,
202,
207,
213,
217,
221,
224,
227,
230,
233,
237,
244,
248,
257,
266,
278,
280,
284,
295,
305,
307,
310,
311,
323,
329,
336,
343,
348,
355,
364,
373,
376,
385,
395,
398,
404,
409,
412,
417,
420,
424,
430,
439,
442,
448,
453,
458,
466,
468,
474,
477,
481,
487,
488,
492,
493,
495,
500,
509,
515,
519,
525,
532,
536,
538,
547,
556,
561,
566,
572,
577,
585,
589,
593,
601,
609,
618,
623,
628,
632,
638,
641,
647,
651,
653,
660,
663,
672,
676,
681,
696,
707,
710,
714,
721,
727,
729,
735,
739,
748,
757,
763,
766,
770,
778,
781,
785,
791,
796,
799,
806,
808,
810,
812,
817,
827,
832,
837,
840,
846,
849,
853,
861,
866,
869,
876,
884,
886,
888,
890,
893,
904,
906,
908,
910,
913,
921,
923,
925,
927,
930,
937,
939,
943,
944,
946,
949,
961
]
} | 4bfa040fe0fa476db74bb959386d7416 | Where does Notre Dame rank in terms of academic profile among research universities in the US? | {
"tokens": [
"Where",
"does",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"rank",
"in",
"terms",
"of",
"academic",
"profile",
"among",
"research",
"universities",
"in",
"the",
"US",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
17,
22,
27,
30,
36,
39,
48,
56,
62,
71,
84,
87,
91,
93
]
} | {
"text": [
"the top 10 to 15 in the nation"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
213
],
"end": [
242
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
40
],
"end": [
47
]
}
]
} | [
"the top 10 to 15 in the nation"
] |
SQuAD | Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture. | {
"tokens": [
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"known",
"for",
"its",
"competitive",
"admissions",
",",
"with",
"the",
"incoming",
"class",
"enrolling",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"admitting",
"3,577",
"from",
"a",
"pool",
"of",
"18,156",
"(",
"19.7",
"%",
")",
".",
"The",
"academic",
"profile",
"of",
"the",
"enrolled",
"class",
"continues",
"to",
"rate",
"among",
"the",
"top",
"10",
"to",
"15",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
"for",
"national",
"research",
"universities",
".",
"The",
"university",
"practices",
"a",
"non",
"-",
"restrictive",
"early",
"action",
"policy",
"that",
"allows",
"admitted",
"students",
"to",
"consider",
"admission",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"any",
"other",
"colleges",
"to",
"which",
"they",
"were",
"accepted",
".",
"1,400",
"of",
"the",
"3,577",
"(",
"39.1",
"%",
")",
"were",
"admitted",
"under",
"the",
"early",
"action",
"plan",
".",
"Admitted",
"students",
"came",
"from",
"1,311",
"high",
"schools",
"and",
"the",
"average",
"student",
"traveled",
"more",
"than",
"750",
"miles",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
",",
"making",
"it",
"arguably",
"the",
"most",
"representative",
"university",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"While",
"all",
"entering",
"students",
"begin",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
",",
"25",
"%",
"have",
"indicated",
"they",
"plan",
"to",
"study",
"in",
"the",
"liberal",
"arts",
"or",
"social",
"sciences",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"engineering",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"business",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"science",
",",
"and",
"3",
"%",
"in",
"architecture",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
14,
20,
24,
28,
40,
50,
52,
57,
61,
70,
76,
86,
89,
94,
99,
109,
115,
120,
122,
127,
130,
137,
138,
142,
143,
144,
146,
150,
159,
167,
170,
174,
183,
189,
199,
202,
207,
213,
217,
221,
224,
227,
230,
233,
237,
244,
248,
257,
266,
278,
280,
284,
295,
305,
307,
310,
311,
323,
329,
336,
343,
348,
355,
364,
373,
376,
385,
395,
398,
404,
409,
412,
417,
420,
424,
430,
439,
442,
448,
453,
458,
466,
468,
474,
477,
481,
487,
488,
492,
493,
495,
500,
509,
515,
519,
525,
532,
536,
538,
547,
556,
561,
566,
572,
577,
585,
589,
593,
601,
609,
618,
623,
628,
632,
638,
641,
647,
651,
653,
660,
663,
672,
676,
681,
696,
707,
710,
714,
721,
727,
729,
735,
739,
748,
757,
763,
766,
770,
778,
781,
785,
791,
796,
799,
806,
808,
810,
812,
817,
827,
832,
837,
840,
846,
849,
853,
861,
866,
869,
876,
884,
886,
888,
890,
893,
904,
906,
908,
910,
913,
921,
923,
925,
927,
930,
937,
939,
943,
944,
946,
949,
961
]
} | 9ac77b45bf3648088f2d4208a8557c61 | What percentage of students at Notre Dame participated in the Early Action program? | {
"tokens": [
"What",
"percentage",
"of",
"students",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"participated",
"in",
"the",
"Early",
"Action",
"program",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
5,
16,
19,
28,
31,
37,
42,
55,
58,
62,
68,
75,
82
]
} | {
"text": [
"39.1%"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
488
],
"end": [
492
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
90
],
"end": [
91
]
}
]
} | [
"39.1%"
] |
SQuAD | Notre Dame is known for its competitive admissions, with the incoming class enrolling in fall 2015 admitting 3,577 from a pool of 18,156 (19.7%). The academic profile of the enrolled class continues to rate among the top 10 to 15 in the nation for national research universities. The university practices a non-restrictive early action policy that allows admitted students to consider admission to Notre Dame as well as any other colleges to which they were accepted. 1,400 of the 3,577 (39.1%) were admitted under the early action plan. Admitted students came from 1,311 high schools and the average student traveled more than 750 miles to Notre Dame, making it arguably the most representative university in the United States. While all entering students begin in the College of the First Year of Studies, 25% have indicated they plan to study in the liberal arts or social sciences, 24% in engineering, 24% in business, 24% in science, and 3% in architecture. | {
"tokens": [
"Notre",
"Dame",
"is",
"known",
"for",
"its",
"competitive",
"admissions",
",",
"with",
"the",
"incoming",
"class",
"enrolling",
"in",
"fall",
"2015",
"admitting",
"3,577",
"from",
"a",
"pool",
"of",
"18,156",
"(",
"19.7",
"%",
")",
".",
"The",
"academic",
"profile",
"of",
"the",
"enrolled",
"class",
"continues",
"to",
"rate",
"among",
"the",
"top",
"10",
"to",
"15",
"in",
"the",
"nation",
"for",
"national",
"research",
"universities",
".",
"The",
"university",
"practices",
"a",
"non",
"-",
"restrictive",
"early",
"action",
"policy",
"that",
"allows",
"admitted",
"students",
"to",
"consider",
"admission",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"as",
"well",
"as",
"any",
"other",
"colleges",
"to",
"which",
"they",
"were",
"accepted",
".",
"1,400",
"of",
"the",
"3,577",
"(",
"39.1",
"%",
")",
"were",
"admitted",
"under",
"the",
"early",
"action",
"plan",
".",
"Admitted",
"students",
"came",
"from",
"1,311",
"high",
"schools",
"and",
"the",
"average",
"student",
"traveled",
"more",
"than",
"750",
"miles",
"to",
"Notre",
"Dame",
",",
"making",
"it",
"arguably",
"the",
"most",
"representative",
"university",
"in",
"the",
"United",
"States",
".",
"While",
"all",
"entering",
"students",
"begin",
"in",
"the",
"College",
"of",
"the",
"First",
"Year",
"of",
"Studies",
",",
"25",
"%",
"have",
"indicated",
"they",
"plan",
"to",
"study",
"in",
"the",
"liberal",
"arts",
"or",
"social",
"sciences",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"engineering",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"business",
",",
"24",
"%",
"in",
"science",
",",
"and",
"3",
"%",
"in",
"architecture",
"."
],
"offsets": [
0,
6,
11,
14,
20,
24,
28,
40,
50,
52,
57,
61,
70,
76,
86,
89,
94,
99,
109,
115,
120,
122,
127,
130,
137,
138,
142,
143,
144,
146,
150,
159,
167,
170,
174,
183,
189,
199,
202,
207,
213,
217,
221,
224,
227,
230,
233,
237,
244,
248,
257,
266,
278,
280,
284,
295,
305,
307,
310,
311,
323,
329,
336,
343,
348,
355,
364,
373,
376,
385,
395,
398,
404,
409,
412,
417,
420,
424,
430,
439,
442,
448,
453,
458,
466,
468,
474,
477,
481,
487,
488,
492,
493,
495,
500,
509,
515,
519,
525,
532,
536,
538,
547,
556,
561,
566,
572,
577,
585,
589,
593,
601,
609,
618,
623,
628,
632,
638,
641,
647,
651,
653,
660,
663,
672,
676,
681,
696,
707,
710,
714,
721,
727,
729,
735,
739,
748,
757,
763,
766,
770,
778,
781,
785,
791,
796,
799,
806,
808,
810,
812,
817,
827,
832,
837,
840,
846,
849,
853,
861,
866,
869,
876,
884,
886,
888,
890,
893,
904,
906,
908,
910,
913,
921,
923,
925,
927,
930,
937,
939,
943,
944,
946,
949,
961
]
} | 0b1aca0b1bdd4f6e8e2d8f9c5e4ed5c4 | How many miles does the average student at Notre Dame travel to study there? | {
"tokens": [
"How",
"many",
"miles",
"does",
"the",
"average",
"student",
"at",
"Notre",
"Dame",
"travel",
"to",
"study",
"there",
"?"
],
"offsets": [
0,
4,
9,
15,
20,
24,
32,
40,
43,
49,
54,
61,
64,
70,
75
]
} | {
"text": [
"more than 750 miles"
],
"char_spans": [
{
"start": [
618
],
"end": [
636
]
}
],
"token_spans": [
{
"start": [
113
],
"end": [
116
]
}
]
} | [
"more than 750 miles"
] |
Dataset Card for MRQA 2019
Dataset Summary
The MRQA 2019 Shared Task focuses on generalization in question answering. An effective question answering system should do more than merely interpolate from the training set to answer test examples drawn from the same distribution: it should also be able to extrapolate to out-of-distribution examples — a significantly harder challenge.
The dataset is a collection of 18 existing QA dataset (carefully selected subset of them) and converted to the same format (SQuAD format). Among these 18 datasets, six datasets were made available for training, six datasets were made available for development, and the final six for testing. The dataset is released as part of the MRQA 2019 Shared Task.
Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
From the official repository:
The format of the task is extractive question answering. Given a question and context passage, systems must find the word or phrase in the document that best answers the question. While this format is somewhat restrictive, it allows us to leverage many existing datasets, and its simplicity helps us focus on out-of-domain generalization, instead of other important but orthogonal challenges.
We have adapted several existing datasets from their original formats and settings to conform to our unified extractive setting. Most notably:
- We provide only a single, length-limited context.
- There are no unanswerable or non-span answer questions.
- All questions have at least one accepted answer that is found exactly in the context.
A span is judged to be an exact match if it matches the answer string after performing normalization consistent with the SQuAD dataset. Specifically:
- The text is uncased.
- All punctuation is stripped.
- All articles
{a, an, the}
are removed. - All consecutive whitespace markers are compressed to just a single normal space
' '
.
Answers are evaluated using exact match and token-level F1 metrics. One can refer to the mrqa_official_eval.py for evaluation.
Languages
The text in the dataset is in English. The associated BCP-47 code is en
.
Dataset Structure
Data Instances
An examples looks like this:
{
'qid': 'f43c83e38d1e424ea00f8ad3c77ec999',
'subset': 'SQuAD'
'context': 'CBS broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S., and charged an average of $5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game. The Super Bowl 50 halftime show was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyoncé and Bruno Mars, who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII halftime shows, respectively. It was the third-most watched U.S. broadcast ever.',
'context_tokens': {
'offsets': [0, 4, 14, 20, 25, 28, 31, 35, 39, 41, 45, 53, 56, 64, 67, 68, 70, 78, 82, 84, 94, 105, 112, 116, 120, 122, 126, 132, 137, 140, 149, 154, 158, 168, 171, 175, 183, 188, 194, 203, 208, 216, 222, 233, 241, 245, 251, 255, 257, 261, 271, 275, 281, 286, 292, 296, 302, 307, 314, 323, 328, 330, 342, 344, 347, 351, 355, 360, 361, 366, 374, 379, 389, 393],
'tokens': ['CBS', 'broadcast', 'Super', 'Bowl', '50', 'in', 'the', 'U.S.', ',', 'and', 'charged', 'an', 'average', 'of', '$', '5', 'million', 'for', 'a', '30-second', 'commercial', 'during', 'the', 'game', '.', 'The', 'Super', 'Bowl', '50', 'halftime', 'show', 'was', 'headlined', 'by', 'the', 'British', 'rock', 'group', 'Coldplay', 'with', 'special', 'guest', 'performers', 'Beyoncé', 'and', 'Bruno', 'Mars', ',', 'who', 'headlined', 'the', 'Super', 'Bowl', 'XLVII', 'and', 'Super', 'Bowl', 'XLVIII', 'halftime', 'shows', ',', 'respectively', '.', 'It', 'was', 'the', 'third', '-', 'most', 'watched', 'U.S.', 'broadcast', 'ever', '.']
},
'question': "Who was the main performer at this year's halftime show?",
'question_tokens': {
'offsets': [0, 4, 8, 12, 17, 27, 30, 35, 39, 42, 51, 55],
'tokens': ['Who', 'was', 'the', 'main', 'performer', 'at', 'this', 'year', "'s", 'halftime', 'show', '?']
},
'detected_answers': {
'char_spans': [
{
'end': [201],
'start': [194]
}, {
'end': [201],
'start': [194]
}, {
'end': [201],
'start': [194]
}
],
'text': ['Coldplay', 'Coldplay', 'Coldplay'],
'token_spans': [
{
'end': [38],
'start': [38]
}, {
'end': [38],
'start': [38]
}, {
'end': [38],
'start': [38]
}
]
},
'answers': ['Coldplay', 'Coldplay', 'Coldplay'],
}
Data Fields
subset
: which of the dataset does this examples come from?context
: This is the raw text of the supporting passage. Three special token types have been inserted:[TLE]
precedes document titles,[DOC]
denotes document breaks, and[PAR]
denotes paragraph breaks. The maximum length of the context is 800 tokens.context_tokens
: A tokenized version of the supporting passage, using spaCy. Each token is a tuple of the token string and token character offset. The maximum number of tokens is 800.tokens
: list of tokens.offets
: list of offsets.
qas
: A list of questions for the given context.qid
: A unique identifier for the question. Theqid
is unique across all datasets.question
: The raw text of the question.question_tokens
: A tokenized version of the question. The tokenizer and token format is the same as for the context.tokens
: list of tokens.offets
: list of offsets.
detected_answers
: A list of answer spans for the given question that index into the context. For some datasets these spans have been automatically detected using searching heuristics. The same answer may appear multiple times in the text --- each of these occurrences is recorded. For example, if42
is the answer, the context"The answer is 42. 42 is the answer."
, has two occurrences marked.text
: The raw text of the detected answer.char_spans
: Inclusive (start, end) character spans (indexing into the raw context).start
: start (single element)end
: end (single element)
token_spans
: Inclusive (start, end) token spans (indexing into the tokenized context).start
: start (single element)end
: end (single element)
Data Splits
Training data
Dataset | Number of Examples |
---|---|
SQuAD | 86,588 |
NewsQA | 74,160 |
TriviaQA | 61,688 |
SearchQA | 117,384 |
HotpotQA | 72,928 |
NaturalQuestions | 104,071 |
Development data
This in-domain data may be used for helping develop models.
Dataset | Examples |
---|---|
SQuAD | 10,507 |
NewsQA | 4,212 |
TriviaQA | 7,785 |
SearchQA | 16,980 |
HotpotQA | 5,904 |
NaturalQuestions | 12,836 |
Test data
The final testing data only contain out-of-domain data.
Dataset | Examples |
---|---|
BioASQ | 1,504 |
DROP | 1,503 |
DuoRC | 1,501 |
RACE | 674 |
RelationExtraction | 2,948 |
TextbookQA | 1,503 |
From the official repository:
Note: As previously mentioned, the out-of-domain dataset have been modified from their original settings to fit the unified MRQA Shared Task paradigm. At a high level, the following two major modifications have been made:
1. All QA-context pairs are extractive. That is, the answer is selected from the context and not via, e.g., multiple-choice.
2. All contexts are capped at a maximum of 800
tokens. As a result, for longer contexts like Wikipedia articles, we only consider examples where the answer appears in the first 800
tokens.
As a result, some splits are harder than the original datasets (e.g., removal of multiple-choice in RACE), while some are easier (e.g., restricted context length in NaturalQuestions --- we use the short answer selection). Thus one should expect different performance ranges if comparing to previous work on these datasets.
Dataset Creation
Curation Rationale
From the official repository:
Both train and test datasets have the same format described above, but may differ in some of the following ways:
- Passage distribution: Test examples may involve passages from different sources (e.g., science, news, novels, medical abstracts, etc) with pronounced syntactic and lexical differences.
- Question distribution: Test examples may emphasize different styles of questions (e.g., entity-centric, relational, other tasks reformulated as QA, etc) which may come from different sources (e.g., crowdworkers, domain experts, exam writers, etc.)
- Joint distribution: Test examples may vary according to the relationship of the question to the passage (e.g., collected independent vs. dependent of evidence, multi-hop, etc)
Source Data
[More Information Needed]
Initial Data Collection and Normalization
[More Information Needed]