Source: http://www.proceedings.blucher.com.br/article-details/avaliao-do-processo-de-microfiltrao-quanto-remoo-de-matria-orgnica-natural-mon-com-a-finalidade-de-minimizar-a-formao-dos-trihalometanos-11053
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 08:35:43+00:00

Document:
O cloro, utilizado na etapa de desinfecção da água, tem sido responsável por formar subprodutos, trihalometanos (THM), na presença de substâncias orgânicas na água. Por esta razão várias pesquisas vêm sendo realizadas com o objetivo de encontrar alternativas de tratamento que causem menos prejuízos à saúde e minimizem formação destes compostos. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência do processo combinado coagulação/floculação + microfiltração (MF) + cloração utilizando o coagulante natural Moringa oleifera Lam em substituição ao tratamento convencional quanto à remoção de MON e minimização da formação dos trihalometanos. Para os ensaios, foi utilizada água bruta da Bacia do Rio Pirapó, com turbidez baixa (50 NTU). Na etapa de coagulação/floculação foi determinada a dosagem ótima de MO+NaCl. A etapa de desinfecção foi realizada com hipoclorito de sódio (1,5 mg/L) em tempos de contato de 30min a 8h. Os parâmetros analisados foram cor, turbidez, THMT, UV254nm e cloro livre. Dentre os resultados obtidos, pode-se constatar que o processo de separação por membranas (MF) minimizou a formação de trihalometanos. Assim, pode-se dizer que o tratamento coagulação/floculação com MO + MF + cloração reduz a quantidade de MON na água, minimizando a formação de THM durante a cloração.
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ABE, S.A.L.; FURLAN, C.H.; BONGIOVANI, M.C.; NISHI, L.; BERGAMASCO, R.; "AVALIAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE MICROFILTRAÇÃO QUANTO À REMOÇÃO DE MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA NATURAL (MON) COM A FINALIDADE DE MINIMIZAR A FORMAÇÃO DOS TRIHALOMETANOS", p. 135-140 . In: . São Paulo: Blucher, 2014.
AWWA (AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION (APHA); THE AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION); (WEF) (THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION). (2012). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, ed. 22. BUDD, G. C., HESS, A. F., SHORNEYDARBY, H., et al. (2004). Coagulation applications for new treatment goals, Journal of American Water Works Association, v. 96, n. 2, pp. 102–113. GHEBREMICHAEL, K.A. (2004). Moringa seed and pumice as alternative natural materials for drinking water treatment. Trita-Lwr-Phd 1013. KTH Land and Water Resources Engineering KTH Vetenskap och. Konst Ph.D. Thesis, University of Stockholm, Sweden. GOPAL, K., TRIPATHY, S. S., BERSILLON, J., DUBEY, S. P. (2007). Chlorination byproducts, their toxicodynamics and removal from drinking water, Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 140, pp. 1–6. HONG, H. C., LIANG, Y., HAN, B. P., MAZUMDER, A., WONG, M. H. (2007). “Modeling of trihalomethane (THM) formation via chlorination of the water from Dongjiang River (source water for Hong Kong''s drinking water)”, Science of the Total Environment, v. 385, pp. 48–54. KALIBBALA, H. M.; WAHLBERG, O.; HAWUMBA, T. J. (2009). “The impact of Moringa oleifera as a coagulant aid on the removal of trihalomethane (THM) precursors and iron from drinking water”, Water Science and Technology, v. 9, n. 6, pp. 707–714. LEE, S. C., GUO, H., LAM, S. M. J., LAU, S. L. A. (2004) “Multipathway risk assessment on disinfection by-products of drinking water in Hong Kong”, Environmental Research, v. 94, pp. 48-55. MUYIBI, S., A.; EVISON, L. M. (1995). “Moringa Oleifera Seeds for Softening Hardwater”, Water Research, v. 29, n. 4, pp. 1099-1105. NDABIGENGESERE, A., NARASIAH, K. S., TALBOT, B. G. (1995). “Active agents and mechanism of coagulation of turbid Waters using Moringa oleifera”. Water Research 29 (2), 703-710. NKURUNZIZA, T., NDUWAYEZU, J. B., BANADDA, E. N., NHAPI, I. (2009). “The effect of turbidity levels and Moringa oleifera concentration on the effectiveness of coagulation in water treatment”. Water Science and Technology 59 (8), 1551-1558. NIKOLAOU, A. D., LEKKAS, T. D., GOLFINOPOULOS, S. K., KOSTOPOULOU, M. N. (2002). “Application of different analytical methods for determination of volatile chlorination by-products in drinking water”, Talanta, v. 56, pp. 717-726. RONDEAU, V.; COMMENGES, D.; JACQMINGADDA, H.; DARTGUES, J. F. (2000). Relation between aluminum concentrations in drinking water and Alzheimer’s diseases: An 8-year Followup Study, American Journal of Epidemiology, v. 152, n. 1, pp. 59-66. SILVA, F. J. A.; SOUZA, L. M. M.; MAGALHÃES, S. N. (2003) Uso potencial de biopolímeros de origem vegetal na descolorização de efluente têxtil indigo. In: 22º Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Joinville, SC. USEPA – United States Environmental Protection Agency (1999). Alternative Desinfectants and Oxidants. Guidance Manual. World Hearth Organization (WHO) (2005). Trihalomethanes in drinking-water. Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinling-water Quality. WHO/SDE/W SH/05.08/64. ZHAO, R., LAO, W., XU, X. (2004). “Headspace liquid-phase microextraction of trihalomethanes in drinking water and their gas chromatographic determination”, Talanta, v. 62, pp. 751-755.

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