Source: https://iea.uoregon.edu/coded-agreement-with-all-codes/3168
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 08:36:14+00:00

Document:
International Environmental Agreements (IEA) Database Project | (c) Ronald B. Mitchell and the IEA Database Project, 2002-2016.
Art.1.1x (j) promote pollution prevention policies and practices.
Art.2.1.f (f) promote the use of economic instruments for the efficient achievement of environmental goals.
Art.2.2 2. Each Party shall consider implementing in its law any recommendation developed by the Council under Article 10(5)(b).
Art.4.2.b (b) provide interested persons and Parties a reasonable opportunity to comment on such proposed measures.
Art.5.1.l (l) issuing administrative orders, including orders of a preventative, curative or emergency nature.
Art.5.2 2. Each party shall ensure that judicial, quasi-judicial or administrative enforcement proceedings are available under its law to sanction or remedy violations of its environmental laws and regulations.
Art.5.3.b (b) include compliance agreements, fines, imprisonment, injunctions, the closure of facilities, and the cost of containing or cleaning up pollution.
Art.6.1 1. Each Party shall ensure that interested persons may request the Party's competent authorities to investigate alleged violations of its environmental laws and regulations and shall give such requests due consideration in accordance with law.
Art.6.2 2. Each Party shall ensure that persons with a legally recognized interest under its law in a particular matter have appropriate access to administrative, quasi-judicial or judicial proceedings for the enforcement of the Party's environmental laws and regulations.
Art.7.1.d (d) are not unnecessarily complicated and do not entail unreasonable charges or time limits or unwarranted delays.
Art.7.2.c (c) based on information or evidence in respect of which the parties were offered the opportunity to be heard.
Art.7.4 4. Each Party shall ensure that tribunals that conduct or review such proceedings are impartial and independent and do not have any substantial interest in the outcome of the matter.
Art.8.1 1. The Parties hereby establish the Commission for Environmental Cooperation.
Art.8.2 2. The Commission shall comprise a Council, a Secretariat and a Joint Public Advisory Committee.
Art.9.1 1. The Council shall comprise cabinet-level or equivalent representatives of the Parties, or their designees.
Art.9.2 2. The Council shall establish its rules and procedures.
Art.9.3.b (b) in special session at the request of any Party.
Art.9.3.b.ix Regular sessions shall be chaired successively by each Party.
Art.9.4 4. The Council shall hold public meetings in the course of all regular sessions. Other meetings held in the course of regular or special sessions shall be public where the Council so decides.
Art.9.5.c (c) take such other action in the exercise of its functions as the Parties may agree.
Art.9.6 6. All decisions and recommendations of the Council shall be taken by consensus, except as the Council may otherwise decide or as otherwise provided in this Agreement.
Art.10.1.f (f) promote and facilitate cooperation between the Parties with respect to environmental matters.
Art.10.2.s (s) other matters as it may decide.
Art.10.5.b (b) appropriate limits for specific pollutants, taking into account differences in ecosystems.
Art.10.7.c (c) mitigation of the potential adverse effects of such projects.
Art.10.8 8. The Council shall encourage the establishment by each Party of appropriate administrative procedures pursuant to its environmental laws to permit another Party to seek the reduction, elimination or mitigation of transboundary pollution on a reciprocal basis.
Art.10.9 9. The Council shall consider and, as appropriate, develop recommendations on the provision by a Party, on a reciprocal basis, of access to and rights and remedies before its courts and administrative agencies for persons in another Party's territory who have suffered or are likely to suffer damage or injury caused by pollution originating in its territory as if the damage or injury were suffered in its territory.
Art.11.1 1. The Secretariat shall be headed by an Executive Director, who shall be chosen by the Council for a three-year term, which may be renewed by the Council for one additional three- year term. The position of Executive Director shall rotate consecutively between nationals of each Party. The Council may remove the Executive Director solely for cause.
Art.11.3 3. The Council may decide, by a two-thirds vote, to reject any appointment that does not meet the general standards. Any such decision shall be made and held in confidence.
Art.11.4 4. In the performance of their duties, the Executive Director and the staff shall not seek or receive instructions from any government or any other authority external to the Council. Each Party shall respect the international character of the responsibilities of the Executive Director and the staff and shall not seek to influence them in the discharge of their responsibilities.
Art.11.6 6. The Executive Director shall submit for the approval of the Council the annual program and budget of the Commission, including provision for proposed cooperative activities and for the Secretariat to respond to contingencies.
Art.11.8.b (b) from public disclosure any information it receives from any non-governmental organization or person where the information is designated by that non-governmental organization or person as confidential or proprietary.
Art.12.2.f (f) any other matter that the Council instructs the Secretariat to include.
Art.12.3 3. The report shall periodically address the state of the environment in the territories of the Parties.
Art.13.2.f (f) developed by the Secretariat, or by independent experts engaged pursuant to paragraph 1.
Art.14.1.f (f) is filed by a person or organization residing or established in the territory of a Party.
Art.14.2.d (d) the submission is drawn exclusively from mass media reports.
Art.14.2.ex Where the Secretariat makes such a request, it shall forward to the Party a copy of the submission and any supporting information provided with the submission.
Art.14.3.b.ii ii) whether private remedies in connection with the matter are available to the person or organization making the submission and whether they have been pursued.
Art.15.2 2. The Secretariat shall prepare a factual record if the Council, by a two-thirds vote, instructs it to do so.
Art.15.3 3. The preparation of a factual record by the Secretariat pursuant to this Article shall be without prejudice to any further steps that may be taken with respect to any submission.
Art.15.4.d (d) developed by the Secretariat or by independent experts.
Art.15.6 6. The Secretariat shall incorporate, as appropriate, any such comments in the final factual record and submit it to the Council.
Art.16.1 1. The Joint Public Advisory Committee shall comprise 15 members, unless the Council otherwise decides. Each Party or, if the Party so decides, its National Advisory Committee convened under Article 17, shall appoint an equal number of members.
Art.16.2 2. The Council shall establish the rules of procedure for the Joint Public Advisory Committee, which shall choose its own chair.
Art.16.3 3. The Joint Public Advisory Committee shall convene at least once a year at the time of the regular session of the Council and at such other times as the Council, or the Committee's chair with the consent of a majority of its members, may decide.
Art.16.4 4. The Joint Public Advisory Committee may provide advice to the Council on any matter within the scope of this Agreement, including on any documents provided to it under paragraph 6, and on the implementation and further elaboration of this Agreement, and may perform such other functions as the Council may direct.
Art.17.1x Each Party may convene a national advisory committee, comprising members of its public, including representatives of non-governmental organizations and persons, to advise it on the implementation and further elaboration of this Agreement.
Art.18.1x Each Party may convene a governmental committee, which may comprise or include representatives of federal and state or provincial governments, to advise it on the implementation and further elaboration of this Agreement.
Art.20.1 1. The Parties shall at all times endeavor to agree on the interpretation and application of this Agreement, and shall make every attempt through cooperation and consultations to resolve any matter that might affect its operation.
Art.21.1.b (b) taking all reasonable steps to make available any other such information requested.
Art.22.1 1. Any Party may request in writing consultations with any other Party regarding whether there has been a persistent pattern of failure by that other Party to effectively enforce its environmental law.
Art.22.2 2. The requesting Party shall deliver the request to the other Parties and to the Secretariat.
Art.22.3 3. Unless the Council otherwise provides in its rules and procedures established under Article 9(2), a third Party that considers it has a substantial interest in the matter shall be entitled to participate in the consultations on delivery of written notice to the other Parties and to the Secretariat.
Art.22.4 4. The consulting Parties shall make every attempt to arrive at a mutually satisfactory resolution of the matter through consultations under this Article.
Art.23.1 1. If the consulting Parties fail to resolve the matter pursuant to Article 22 within 60 days of delivery of a request for consultations, or such other period as the consulting Parties may agree, any such Party may request in writing a special session of the Council.
Art.23.2 2. The requesting Party shall state in the request the matter complained of and shall deliver the request to the other Parties and to the Secretariat.
Art.23.3 3. Unless it decides otherwise, the Council shall convene within 20 days of delivery of the request and shall endeavor to resolve the dispute promptly.
Art.23.4.c (c) make recommendations, as may assist the consulting Parties to reach a mutually satisfactory resolution of the dispute. Any such recommendations shall be made public if the Council, by a two-thirds vote, so decides.
Art.23.5 5. Where the Council decides that a matter is more properly covered by another agreement or arrangement to which the consulting Parties are party, it shall refer the matter to those Parties for appropriate action in accordance with such other agreement or arrangement.
Art.24.1.b (b) that compete, in the territory of the Party complained against, with goods or services produced or provided by persons of another Party.
Art.24.2 2. A third Party that considers it has a substantial interest in the matter shall be entitled to join as a complaining Party on delivery of written notice of its intention to participate to the disputing Parties and the Secretariat. The notice shall be delivered at the earliest possible time, and in any event no later than seven days after the date of the vote of the Council to convene a panel.
Art.24.3 3. Unless otherwise agreed by the disputing Parties, the panel shall be established and perform its functions in a manner consistent with the provisions of this Part.
Art.25.1 1. The Council shall establish and maintain a roster of up to 45 individuals who are willing and able to serve as panelists. The roster members shall be appointed by consensus for terms of three years, and may be reappointed.
Art.25.2.d (d) comply with a code of conduct to be established by the Council.
Art.26.1 1. All panelists shall meet the qualifications set out in Article 25(2).
Art.26.2.b (b) they have, or a person or organization with which they are affiliated has, an interest, as set out in the code of conduct established under Article 25(2)(d).
Art.27.1.a (a) The panel shall comprise five members.
Art.27.1.b (b) The disputing Parties shall endeavor to agree on the chair of the panel within 15 days after the Council votes to convene the panel. If the disputing Parties are unable to agree on the chair within this period, the disputing Party chosen by lot shall select within five days a chair who is not a citizen of that Party.
Art.27.1.c (c) Within 15 days of selection of the chair, each disputing Party shall select two panelists who are citizens of the other disputing Party.
Art.27.1.d (d) If a disputing Party fails to select its panelists within such period, such panelists shall be selected by lot from among the roster members who are citizens of the other disputing Party.
Art.27.2.a (a) The panel shall comprise five members.
Art.27.2.b (b) The disputing Parties shall endeavor to agree on the chair of the panel within 15 days after the Council votes to convene the panel. If the disputing Parties are unable to agree on the chair within this period, the Party or Parties on the side of the dispute chosen by lot shall select within 10 days a chair who is not a citizen of such Party or Parties.
Art.27.2.c (c) Within 30 days of selection of the chair, the Party complained against shall select two panelists, one of whom is a citizen of a complaining Party, and the other of whom is a citizen of another complaining Party. The complaining Parties shall select two panelists who are citizens of the Party complained against.
Art.27.2.d (d) If any disputing Party fails to select a panelist within such a period, such panelist shall be selected by lot in accordance with the citizenship criteria of subparagraph (c).
Art.27.3 3. Panelists shall normally be selected from the roster. Any disputing Party may exercise a peremptory challenge against any individual not on the roster who is proposed as a panelist by a disputing Party within 30 days after the individual has been proposed.
Art.27.4 4. If a disputing Party believes that a panelist is in violation of the code of conduct, the disputing Parties shall consult and, if they agree, the panelist shall be removed and a new panelist shall be selected in accordance with this Article.
Art.28.1.c (c) that no panel may disclose which panelists are associated with majority or minority opinions.
Art.28.2 2. Unless the disputing Parties otherwise agree, panels convened under this Part shall be established and conduct their proceedings in accordance with the Model Rules of Procedure.
Art.28.3.ax "To examine, in light of the relevant provisions of the Agreement, including those contained in Part Five, whether there has been a persistent pattern of failure by the Party complained against to effectively enforce its environmental law, and to make findings, determinations and recommendations in accordance with Article 31(2)."
Art.29.1x A party that is not a disputing Party, on delivery of a written notice to the disputing Parties and to the Secretariat, shall be entitled to attend all hearings, to make written and oral submissions to the panel and to receive written submissions of the disputing Parties.
Art.31.1 1. Unless the disputing Parties otherwise agree, the panel shall base its report on the submissions and arguments of the Parties and on any information before it pursuant to Article 30.
Art.31.2.c (c) in the event the panel makes an affirmative determination under subparagraph (b), its recommendations, if any, for the resolution of the dispute, which normally shall be that the Party complained against adopt and implement an action plan sufficient to remedy the pattern of non-enforcement.
Art.31.3 3. Panelists may furnish separate opinions on matters not unanimously agreed.
Art.31.4 4. A disputing party may submit written comments to the panel on its initial report within 30 days of presentation of the report.
Art.31.5.c (c) make any further examination that it considers appropriate.
Art.32.1 1. The panel shall present to the disputing Parties a final report, including any separate opinions on matters not unanimously agreed, within 60 days of presentation of the initial report, unless the disputing Parties otherwise agree.
Art.32.2 2. The disputing Parties shall transmit to the Council the final report of the panel, as well as any written views that a disputing Party desires to be appended, on a confidential basis within 15 days after it is presented to them.
Art.32.3 3. The final report of the panel shall be published five days after it is transmitted to the Council.
Art.33.1x If, in its final report, a panel determines that there has been a persistent pattern of failure by the Party complained against to effectively enforce its environmental law, the disputing Parties may agree on a mutually satisfactory action plan, which normally shall conform with the determinations and recommendations of the panel. The disputing Parties shall promptly notify the Secretariat and the Council of any agreed resolution of the dispute.
Art.34.1.b.ivx any disputing Party may request that the panel be reconvened. The requesting Party shall deliver the request in writing to the other Parties and to the Secretariat. The Council shall reconvene the panel on delivery of the request to the Secretariat.
Art.34.2 2. No Party may make a request under paragraph 1(a) earlier than 60 days, or later than 120 days, after the date of the final report. If the disputing Parties have not agreed to an action plan and if no request was made under paragraph l(a), the last action plan, if any, submitted by the Party complained against to the complaining Party or Parties within 60 days of the date of the final report, or such other period as the disputing Parties may agree, shall be deemed to have been established by the panel 120 days after the date of the final report.
Art.34.3.c.ix and only during the term of any such action plan.
Art.34.4.b.ix within 90 days after the panel has been reconvened or such other period as the disputing Parties may agree.
Art.34.5.b.ix within 60 days after it has been reconvened or such other period as the disputing Parties may agree.
Art.34.6 6. A panel reconvened under this Article shall provide that the Party complained against shall fully implement any action plan referred to in paragraph 4(a)(ii) or 5(b), and pay any monetary enforcement assessment imposed under paragraph 4(b) or 5(b), and any such provision shall be final.
Art.35.1x A complaining Party may, at any time beginning 180 days after a panel determination under Article 34(5)(b), request in writing that a panel be reconvened to determine whether the Party complained against is fully implementing the action plan. On delivery of the request to the other Parties and the Secretariat, the Council shall reconvene the panel. The panel shall make the determination within 60 days after it has been reconvened or such other period as the disputing Parties may agree.
Art.36.3 3. Where more than one complaining Party suspends benefits under paragraph 1 or 2, the combined suspension shall be no greater than the amount of the monetary enforcement assessment.
Art.36.4 4. Where a Party has suspended benefits under paragraph 1 or 2, the Council shall, on the delivery of a written request by the Party complained against to the other Parties and the Secretariat, reconvene the panel to determine whether the monetary enforcement assessment has been paid or collected, or whether the Party complained against is fully implementing the action plan, as the case may be. The panel shall submit its report within 45 days after it has been reconvened. If the panel determines that the assessment has been paid or collected, or that the Party complained against is fully implementing the action plan, the suspension of benefits under paragraph 1 or 2, as the case may be, shall be terminated.
Art.36.5 5. On the written request of the Party complained against, delivered to the other Parties and the Secretariat, the Council shall reconvene the panel to determine whether the suspension of benefits by the complaining Party or Parties pursuant to paragraph 1 or 2 is manifestly excessive. Within 45 days of the request, the panel shall present a report to the disputing Parties containing its determination.
Art.43.1x Each Party shall contribute an equal share of the annual budget of the Commission, subject to the availability of appropriated funds in accordance with the Party's legal procedures. No Party shall be obligated to pay more than any other Party in respect of an annual budget.
Art.44.1x The Executive Director and staff of the Secretariat shall enjoy in the territory of each Party such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the exercise of their functions.
Art.45.1.fx "territory" means for a Party the territory of that Party as set out in Annex 45.
Art.45.2.a.iii (iii) the protection of wild flora or fauna, including endangered species, their habitat, and specially protected natural areas in the Party's territory, but does not include any statute or regulation, or provision thereof, directly related to worker safety or health.
Art.45.2.b (b) For greater certainty, the term "environmental law" does not include any statute or regulation, or provision thereof, the primary purpose of which is managing the commercial harvest or exploitation, or subsistence or aboriginal harvesting, of natural resources.
Art.45.2.c (c) The primary purpose of a particular statutory or regulatory provision for purposes of subparagraphs (a) and (b) shall be determined by reference to its primary purpose, rather than to the primary purpose of the statute or regulation of which it is part.
Art.45.3.b (b) an international dispute resolution proceeding to which the Party is party.
Art.48.1 1. The Parties may agree on any modification of or addition to this Agreement.
Art.48.2 2. When so agreed, and approved in accordance with the applicable legal procedures of each Party, a modification or addition shall constitute an integral part of this Agreement.
Art.49.1x Any country or group of countries may accede to this Agreement subject to such terms and conditions as may be agreed between such country or countries and the Council and following approval in accordance with the applicable legal procedures of each country.
Art.50.1x A Party may withdraw from this Agreement six months after it provides written notice of withdrawal to the other Parties. If a Party withdraws, the Agreement shall remain in force for the remaining Parties.
Art.51.1x The English, French, and Spanish texts of this Agreement are equally authentic.

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