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12 White Hoods (from 1330 to 1381 AD) s Guns (from 1330 AD) Allies Changes from last version Clarified notes. Corrected number of allied generals. Early Medieval Low Countries French allies Feudal French or 100 Years' War French (only if Feudal Flanders) German allies Medieval German Lords up to 2 contingents (only Feudal not Flanders) Medieval German Free Canton allies (only Feudal Hollander) Notes Poor Unprotected 0 6 Combat Shy 6 Unprotected Experienced 0 6,9 Combat Shy Bow 9 Unprotected Experienced 2 2,3 Combat Shy Barricades Light Art 6 A general may either be Feudal (in which case he must be Instinctive) or Communal (in which case he must be Professional and may not be Legendary). A Feudal CinC may have up to 1 Feudal subgeneral, 1 Feudal ally general and 2 Communal ally generals. A Communal CinC may have up to 2 Communal subgenerals and 1 Feudal ally general. An allied general must command their own contingent. A CinC and subgenerals may combine their contingents. The minima and maxima apply to each contingent. *Menatarms with less armour may form up to 1/2 a TuG of 4 or 6 menatarms. **Guildsmen with plancon may be deployed separately or 2 elements of be attached to TuGs of Guildsmen to create a TuG of 8. ***English longbowmen must be attached to a TuG of either Guildsmen or Archers to create a TuG of 8. Only one contingent may include English longbowmen. All infantry TuGs may be equipped with the Obstacles characteristic, representing ditches or similar obstacles. Historical Notes This list covers the urbanised provinces of the Low Countries Flanders, Brabant, Hainault, Holland and the Bishopric of Liege. Flanders was incorporated into Burgundy in It also covers the communal armies of the Low Countries cities. Troop Notes Tribal Loose ARTILLERY The main armanent of the Low Countries states was a pike. At this time the Guildsmen were not so well organised so it is treated as a long spear. Armies preferred defensive positions.
15 Notes Troop Notes Early 100 Years War English Minima in a Gascon contingent only apply if the Gascon contingent is taken. A TuG of 6 longbomen may add a single base of menatarms to create a TuG of 7. The menatarms base is placed in the centre of the front rank to stiffen the archers. Note: If Barricades are taken, at least half of the Longbowmen must be so equipped. The menatarms are an exception to the normal 50% rule. MenatArms and Longbowmen may pass through each other in the Movement Phase without causing KaBs on either. Knights can always be dismounted as Formed Close,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). Hobillars can always be dismounted as Protected, Short Spear of the same grade (but lose Melee Expert if dismounted). The Barricades characteristic may be replaced with the Obstacles characteristic. Historical Notes This list covers the overseas English armies of the Hundred Years war including the eras of the battle of Moflaix, Crecy and Poitiers. The main power of the army was the longbowmen throughout this period, where most levied troops were competent and strong with the weapon. In the later battles there were numerous long standing veterans in the army. Longbowmen armed themselves with a range of melee weapons including twohanded swords, justifying an option for melee expert; and many have quality quilted protection. During this period the armies were used defensively with the bowmen often deployed behind ditches (Crecy) or hedges (Poitiers) so we allow the Barricades option to relfect this more static way of fighting. English knights were not as highly regarded as their European equivalents. Foot menatarms were mainly armed for general melee rather than keeping mounted at bay so we classify them as 2HC&C for the right overall effect in general melee. Hobilars were general cavalry armed with a short spear of varying standards but appeared in large numbers at the beginning of the campaigns. Changes from last version Clarified mixedtugs. MenatArms dismountable.
21 Medieval Burgundian ARTILLERY Experienced 2 2,3 Guns (from 1431 AD) Unprotected Combat Shy Barricades Light Art 6 English contingent (from 1420 to 1435 AD) Melee Expert, 4 4,6 English menatarms Fully Armoured 2H CutCrush Dismountable 6 Experienced Melee Expert, 6 6,8 English longbowmen Protected Stakes Powerbow Dismountable 12 French contingent Devastating Charging 2 4,6 French menatarms Superior Fully Armoured Lancer Dismountable 4 *see Charging 0 Coustilliers and valets * Protected Melee Expert note Lancer 3 Notes From 1420 at least half the Burgundian knights must be downgraded to. Knights dismount as Formed Close,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). * Coustilliers and valets may be deployed as a separate TUG (not French) or form up to 1/2 of a TuG with knights. If stakes are taken, all TuGs must have at least half of the bases so equipped. English MenatArms and Longbowmen may pass through each other in the Movement Phase without causing KaBs on either. Historical Notes The Duchy of Burgundy was annexed by the French throne in During the Hundred Years' War, King John II of France gave the duchy to his youngest son, Philip the Bold, rather than leaving it for his successor on the French throne. The duchy soon became a major rival to the throne, because the Dukes of Burgundy succeeded in assembling an empire stretching from Switzerland to the North Sea, in large part by marriage. The Burgundian territories consisted of a number of fiefdoms on both sides of the (then largely symbolic) border between the Kingdom of France and the Holy Roman Empire. Its economic heartland was in the Low Countries, particularly Flanders and Brabant. The court was based in Dijon. From 1407 to 1435 the civil war between the House of Orleans (Armagnac faction) and the House of Burgundy helped the English to seize almost half of France. Troop Notes Generals remain Instinctive later than English or French generals. This represents the poorer leadership of Burgundian forces.
22 Medieval Burgundian Changes from last version Clarified notes. English general Professional.
24 Notes Changes from last version Middle Swiss * In addition to halberdiers deployed separately, TuGs of 6 may be formed comprising one files of 4 pikemen and 2 halberdiers which can be placed 2 one one side or 1 each either side of the pikemen. The halberdiers can be set back from the front of the TuG in ranks 2,3, or 4. These begin to take the form of early kiels. So with two cards one pair of TuGs move as BLOCK representing a small kiel; and with a Talented general you could do a double small kiel of 4 TuGs together. SPECIAL RULE: Pikemen may not be charged in the flank on a side with a halberdier in position. Even if a side edge of a pikemen is contacted as long as there is a halberdier in the neighbouring file then that enemy fights the Halberdiers frontally instead. This special rule must be notified to the opponent at the start of the game. ** Handgunners can be a separate SuG or up to 2 can be folded into each pike or halberd TuGs by adding "Experienced/Firearm" to those troops. There are two ways to represent this: 1) ideally replace 1 pike or halberd with a handgunner, or 2) to avoid rebasing place a handgunner skirmish base in front of the file containing them. Crossbows and handgunners can be mixed in infantry SuGs if so desired. Historical Notes The Swiss were able to take advantage of the weakness of the Hapsburgs with the Tyrolean line controlling Further Austria from their court at Innsbruck. This allowed the confederacy to grow. Zürich was expelled from the Confederation from 1440 to 1450 due to a conflict over the territory of Toggenburg (the Old Zürich War). The Swiss also extended their influence at the expense of the Duchy of Milan. Troop Notes After 1400 the Swiss used increasing numbers of pikemen in response to the Austrian tactic of dismounting their menatarms. However in 1422 an army still contained less than 1/3 pikemen. The halberdiers both protected the flanks of the pikemen and to join in the melee if the pike column lost momentum. Command was still run by committee, hence no option for a legendary general. Swiss pikemen regraded to. Clarified notes.
26 Notes Changes from last version Later Medieval Low Countries A general may either be Feudal (in which case he must be Instinctive) or Communal (in which case he must be Professional and may not be Legendary). A Feudal CinC may have up to 1 Feudal subgeneral, 1 Feudal ally general and 2 Communal ally generals. A Communal CinC may have up to 2 Communal subgenerals and 1 Feudal ally general. A Feudal CinC cannot be taken after An allied general must command their own contingent. A CinC and subgenerals may combine their contingents. *Menatarms with less armour may form up to 1/2 of a TuG of 4 or 6 menatarms. All infantry TuGs may be equipped with the Obstacles characteristics, representing ditches. Historical Notes This list covers the urbanised provinces of the Low Countries Brabant, Hainault, Holland and the Bishopric of Liege until incorporated into Burgundy in 1430, 1436, 1436 and 1468 respectively. The list also covers the communal armies of the Low Countries cities until the united Low Countries fielded a communal army to support Maximilian I of Hapsburg in his struggle against France for his Burgundian inheritance. Clarified notes. Corrected number of allied generals.
28 Later 100 Years War English 0 6,8,9 Welsh spearmen Unprotected Short Spear Melee Expert Tribal Loose 9 Experienced 0 6 Breton javelinmen Unprotected Javelin 6 ARTILLERY Experienced 0 2 Guns Unprotected Combat Shy Barricades Light Art 4 ARTILLERY Experienced Barricades, 0 2 Upgrade guns to cannons Unprotected Heavy Art Combat Shy Any Allies Burgundian allies Medieval Burgundian (from 1422 to 1431 AD) Notes At least half of the Longbowmen must be equipped with stakes. The menatarms are an exception to the normal 50% rule. Knights dismount as Formed Close,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). MenatArms or Billmen and Longbowmen may pass through each other in the Movement Phase without causing KaBs on either. Historical Notes This list covers the English armies of the later 100 years war. Troop Notes The stake was an innovation to help protect the longbowmen. It's effectiveness was proven at Agincourt. During this period, the proportion of menatarms decreased and were replaced with billmen, generally less well armoured but equipped with the bill. Changes from last version MenatArms dismountable.
30 Early French Ordonnance Experienced 6 6,8 Crossbowmen Unprotected Combat Shy Crossbow 16 Upgrade crossbowmen with Experienced 0 6,8 Protected Combat Shy better armour Crossbow Any Experienced 0 4,6,8 Handgunners Protected Combat Shy Firearm 8 Experienced 0 6,9 Skirmishing crossbowmen Unprotected Combat Shy Crossbow 9 Experienced 0 6,9 Skirmishing handgunners Protected Combat Shy Firearm 9 Experienced 0 6,9 Bidets Unprotected Combat Shy Javelin 9 ARTILLERY Experienced 0 2,3 Guns Unprotected Combat Shy Barricades Light Art 9 ARTILLERY Experienced Barricades, 0 2 Upgrade guns to cannons Unprotected Heavy Art Combat Shy 6 Notes There must be at least as many ordonnance archers as ordonnance menatarms and coustilliers in the army. Menatarms and coustilliers dismount as,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). Feudal knights dismount as Formed Close,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). All TuGs with stakes must have at least half of the bases so equipped. Historical Notes This list covers the French armies of the early part of the Ordonnance reforms instigated in In 1446 he had twenty companies. By 1445 the English, having been abandoned by the Burgundians, were fighting a rearguard action in France. By 1450 the French under their capable king Charles VII had reconquered Normandy. By 1453 Bordeaux had been captured and Guyenne was incorporated into France. The 100 Years' War was over.
31 Troop Notes Early French Ordonnance The Ordonnance of 1445 raised 15 companies of 100 lances. A lance comprised 1 menatarms, 1 coustillier and either 3 archers or 2 archers and a valetdeguerre. They were paid both in war and peace and a real attempt made to enforce discipline and avoid living off the land. Coustilliers were more lightly equipped as were valetdeguerre. The archers rode to battle but fought on foot. Crossbowmen and handgunners were used to protect the flanks of the army or skirmish in front of the army. 8,000 francsarchers were first raised by an edict in Every parish had to contribute either a longbowmen or a crossbowmen. They were paid only in wartime, but exempt from taxes during peace. Advances in gunpowder followed the invention of the powdermill in The French developed the largest artillery train in Europe. Changes from last version Clarified mixedtugs. Halberdiers corrected to Polearm.
37 Notes Changes from last version Burgundian Ordonnance The minima and maxima in combined TuGs of Knights and Coustilliers reflect the knights only. For every TuGs of Ordonnance knights and coustilliers there must be between 1 and 2 TuGs of mounted ordonnance longbowmen or combined longbowmen and pikemen. Gendarmes, knights, coustilliers and Italian menatarms dismount as,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). All TuGs with stakes must have at least half of the bases so equipped. Historical Notes This list covers Burgundian armies after the reforms of Charles the Bold until his death at Nancy in Troop Notes The deterioration in the quality of Feudal troops and the unreliability of contingents from the Low Countries led Charles to institute a new regular army using the best troops and ideas from all over Europe. The Ordonnance specified that each gendarme was supported by a coustillier, a valet (unarmed) and three mounted longbowmen. The mounted archers were ordered on occasion to combine with pikes in a mixed formation. Each lance also included a pikemen, a crossbowmen and a handgunner. Campaign records suggest that there was difficulty in obtaining enough missile men and this was made up with extra pikemen. Clarified notes and mixed formations. Added household and feudal knights and skirmishing mounted crossbowmen.
40 Notes Troop Notes Late Swiss Knights dismount as,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). In addition to halberdiers deployed separately, TuGs of 9 may be formed comprising two files of 4 pikemen and 1 file of 1 halberdiers which can be set back from the front of the TuG in ranks 2,3, or 4. These begin to take the form of later kiels. So with two cards one pair of TuGs move as BLOCK representing a kiel; and with a Talented general you could do a double kiel of 4 TuGs together. SPECIAL RULE: Pikemen may not be charged in the flank on a side with a halberdier in position. Even if a side edge of a pikemen is contacted as long as there is a halberdier in the neighbouring file then that enemy fights the halberdiers frontally instead. This special rule must be notified to the opponent at the start of the game. * After 1477 only 8 halberdiers can be deployed separately. ** Handgunners can be separate SuGs or up to 2 can be folded into pike or halberd formation bay adding "Experienced/Firearm" to those troops. There are two ways to represent this: 1) ideally replace 1 pike or halberd with a handgunner, or 2) to avoid rebasing place a handgunner skirmish base in front of the file containing them. Crossbows and handgunners can be mixed in infantry SuGs if so desired. Alliance troops are only mandatory if an alliance contingent is taken. An alliance contingent must be in its own command or commands. Historical Notes This list covers Swiss armies from the the League of Constance until the disastrous battle of Bicocca in 1522 finally ended Swiss battlefield supremacy. It also includes the League of the Graubünden (Grisons), who fought in alliance with the Swiss (and in Swiss style) during the Swabian War, of With their series of victories against the Burgundians, the Swiss developed a fearsome reputation that altered the nature of warfare over the next century. The core of Swiss armies became fast moving large blocks of pikemen. Changes from last version Clarified notes.
42 Later Burgundian Experienced 0 6,9 Skirmishing handgunners Protected Combat Shy Firearm 9 ARTILLERY Experienced 0 2,3 Guns Unprotected Combat Shy Barricades Light Art 4 Heavier guns on field ARTILLERY Experienced 2 2,3 Unprotected Combat Shy Barricades mounts Heavy Art 4 Notes The minima and maxima in combined TuGs of Knights and Coustilliers reflect the knights only. Gendarmes, coustilliers and Italian menatarms dismount as,, Fully Armoured, 2H Cut & Crush, Melee Expert (even where they do not have that characteristic while mounted). In addition to Halberdiers deployed separately in TuGs of 6 or 8, TuGs of 6 may be formed comprising one files of 4 Pikes and 2 Halberdiers which can be placed 2 one one side or 1 each either side of the pikes. The Halberdiers can be set back from the front of the TuG in ranks 2,3, or 4. These begin to take the form of early kiels. So with two cards one pair of TuGs move as BLOCK representing a small Kiel; and with a Talented general you could move a double small kiel of 4 TuGs together. SPECIAL RULE: Pikes may not be charged in the flank on a side with a halberdier in position. Even if a side edge of a Pike is contacted as long as there is a halberdier in the neighbouring file then that enemy fights the Halberdiers frontally instead. This special rule must be notified to the opponent at the start of the game. All TuGs with stakes must have at least half of the bases so equipped. Historical Notes Mary of Burgundy inherited the Duchy on the death of Charles the Bold. Louis XI of France wanted her to marry his son (the sixyear old who was later to become Charles VIII) but the terms were unacceptable. Mary had to sign a charter of rights for the Low Countries, weakening the power of the Duchy. Mary chose to marry Archduke Maximilian of Austria at the end of 1477, a choice that would initiate two centuries of contention between France and the Hapsburgs and ultimately end in the War of the Spanish Succession in 1701 to Mary was succeeded by her son Philip who became Philip I of Castille through marriage. Troop Notes The army based on the provisions of the Ordonanace continued but the bulk of the army consisted of mercenary pikemen. Changes from last version Clarified notes and mixed formations.

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