Source: https://en.reshuct.by/test?id=53
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 20:30:08+00:00

Document:
Централизованное тестирование. Английский язык: полный сборник тестов, 2011 год. Вариант 3.
Jane (A1) ... to be a nurse ever since she was a child but her father had told her that nursing was not a suitable profession for her to follow. She decided to talk to her friend, Anne, about what she should do. Jane and Anne (A2) ... friends for a long time and lived in the same street. When Jane arrived at Anne's house, Anne (A3) ... in the garden reading. Jane explained the situation to her. As she finished speaking, Anne's mother came out of the house and shouted to the girls to come over. "Sorry Jane, but I'm afraid, your father had an accident this morning at work and is in hospital. I (A4) ... you over there now.' When they arrived at the hospital Jane (A5) ... to see her father sitting up in bed and smiling broadly.
'Father, I was so worried, I thought something dreadful (A6) ... .' 'Oh, there's no need to worry. I (A7) ... my arm but the nurses here (A8) ... such good care of me, they've been wonderful. And Jane, I've been thinking.' Jane Smiled at her friend, and knew that everything was going to be all right.
Have you ever wondered why humans cry? Most mammals produce tears to clean (A9) ... eyes, but humans are unique — perhaps (A10) ... the exception (A11) ... gorillas and elephants that produce tears in response (A12) ... emotional stimuli. We might feel like crying when we hear (A13) ... sad news, or even cry (A14) ... happiness. Scientists are unsure (A15) ... any benefits of crying. Though some people say that (A16) ... good cry may help them get over difficult emotional situations.
Could I help you with anything ... you can finish on time?
The ... qualifications have been questioned recently.
The number of orangutans (1) have declined (2) because of (3) the destruction of their natural habitat (4).
Sometimes they felt themselves (1) the need (2) to get out of (3) New York and take things easy (4).
As a result of (1) the heavy rains (2), the flooding made (3) over two thousands people homeless (4).
Paul found (1) climbing the mountain (2) an (3) exhausted experience (4).
Gerry said he was very happy as (1) he has got (2) tickets for (3) the Bolshoi in (4) Covent Garden.
There was (1) clear from the storm reports (2) that the fishing boat (3) was in serious trouble (4).
When I first arrived here to (A25) ... up my new job, I stayed in a hotel, but I soon started looking for a permanent (A26) ..., a place to call my own. The first flat I (A27) ... across was cold and uninviting. The flat (A28) ... out onto a factory, so the view was not exactly inspiring. Then I had a look at a small flat in a modern apartment block. It had a parking (A29) ... and was fully furnished, but the rent was far too high for me. I didn't want to end up in a tiny place, so I answered an ad for house-sharing. The house was in a quiet neighbourhood, and as soon as I saw it I (A30) ... in love with it. The room to (A31) ... had a big window. Although it (A32) ... sharing the kitchen and the living room, I did have my own bathroom, really just a shower and washbasin. There was, however, quite a lot of storage space.
Don't worry. I was going to have them cleaned anyway.
A. I see you are off on another trip, Pete?
B. That's a bit short.
C. That's the problem. I can only spend three days there because I have to be back for the company's annual general meeting on the fourth.
D. Oh, that sounds exciting. Will you be staying there long?
E. I'm going to Japan to negotiate a big sales deal.
F. I agree. But I'm very worried about how I'll cope with the negotiations if I'm tired after flying.
§ 1. There used to be a general feeling that computer games were bad for you, and books were good. Now people are not so sure. Researchers have found that computer games, television and the Internet have become key factors in boosting children's IQs up to levels never reached by past generations.
§ 2. The idea that intelligence can be measured was first suggested about a century ago, but at that time it was hard to find tests that gave useful results. Over the past two decades, however, tests have become more complex and researchers have found that IQ scores can give a good indication of what children's future exam results will be. Some experts have even claimed that IQ scores can accurately predict what level of income and status young people will achieve in adult life.
§ 3. Why are today's youngsters doing so much better than their grandparents? Of course, better nutrition, higher standards of living and improved education all play their part in raising general levels of intelligence. But there seems to be more to it than that. Scientists are attributing the change in intelligence levels to the complexity of modern life.
§ 4. In today's fast-moving world, young people are required to interact constantly with electronic gadgets and equipment. This is developing youngsters' brains in ways that older generations never experienced. Computers are one of the major sources of stimulation, and activities such as playing games and using the Internet seem to be particularly important.
§ 5. There are still some things that remain unexplained, however. For example, the increase in children's lo scores varies according to the type of intelligence being tested. It appears that nowadays people are better at abstract thinking than their ancestors were — but their verbal and mathematical abilities have remained the same as those of previous generations. No one knows why this is the case. Nevertheless, during the last few years there has certainly been a general upward trend, and it has been found that the present generation have IQs about 15 points above their parents.
§ 6. It has been claimed that, in moderation, computer gaming is positively good for youngsters. It requires positive qualities such as determination, fast thinking and rapid learning. However, it seems that improvements in IQ may not last very long without continuing stimulation. The brain seems to be like a muscle and requires repeated and vigorous exercise to stay fit and healthy. When it comes to IQ, it's a case of 'Use it or lose it'.
1) are not as good for children as reading.
2) can improve the intelligence of young people.
3) are now used in many different ways by children.
1) a substitute for examinations.
2) a way of increasing Y people's income.
3) more reliable than they used to be.
What does the writer say about young people and electronic equipment nowadays?
1) The equipment makes things too easy for them.
2) The equipment is an important part of their daily lives.
3) They depend on the equipment for their entertainment.
According to the writer, what remains unexplained about children's intelligence?
1) Создается впечатление, что в наше время люди больше любят думать об абстрактных вещах, чем первобытные люди ... .
2) На первый взгляд может показаться, что люди сейчас предпочитают абстрактные рассуждения, в отличие от своих предков ... .
3) Оказывается, что люди в настоящее время превосходят предшествующие поколения в абстрактном мышлении ... .
Which photographer says there's a need to be flexible at a shoot?
I loved photography from the moment I first picked up a camera and knew my life would be devoted to it. I don't think you can develop or learn a "way of seeing or a "point of view'. It's something that's inside you. It's how you look at the world. I want my photographs not only to be real but to portray the essence of my subjects, too. To do that, you have to be patient — it can't be rushed. I prefer doing portraiture on location. On a subject's home ground you pick up certain hints that tell you personal things and they come up with ideas.
I don't know how my brain works, but I do know that I work really fast. My shoots don't vary: an hour to set up, an hour to take the shots. And the minute I walk into a room I know what I'm going to shoot, although what that is only becomes clear to me after seeing the result. So it's a subconscious (подсознательный) process. I started taking pictures in the 1970s for all the beautiful reasons photography was known for. Then all of a sudden digital technology booms and darkrooms get disappeared from photography schools. But I really believe in the classical way. It all comes down to looking at a piece of art and dissecting it and understanding how it's put together. I think the most important thing is to go out in the world and see.
I think if you aren't fascinated by people, you'll never succeed as a portrait photographer, because your pictures will look cold. You don't have to know anything about the people in advance of the session, you just tap into them — it's a skill. Every shoot is different and you have to alter your approach accordingly. You have to try to get into people's heads, so that they can open up to you and give you something. Sometimes we chat first, but sometimes it's good for everyone to be fresh and tense when you start out. I use the technique of being casual and informal and rude or asking my subjects to do ridiculous things, but I don't set out to upset anyone. I hope the viewer sees what I see. I think two words that would describe my work well are: humour and honesty.
It's difficult to explain why we're more attracted to certain images than others. For me, black and white photography has a certain kind of power. I'm talking about instantaneous photography, the kind that happens in a fraction of a second. A great picture is one that transmits a lot of emotion and where you can see who took it; who that person is. I come from a Latin American world, where you believe in things and you form a relationship with your surroundings. I also grew up with a sense of mysticism and belonging. The cynicism that exists in certain kinds of photography, and that pleasure of seeing oneself as a deep individualist, that's not for me. We're a gregarious species made to live together. That's the point of view of my photography and the starting point of all my work.
Which photographer admits to relying on instinctive decisions during a shoot?
Which photographer consciously adopts a particular type of behaviour during a shoot?
Which photographer criticises the attitude of certain other photographers?
Which photographer feels that aspects of a photographer's skill cannot be taught?
Which photographer welcomes suggestions for shots from the subjects themselves?
When I was a teenager, I used to play the flute in my school orchestra. (B1) ..., in much of the music that we played, the sound of the flute was needed only occasionally, which, of course, upset me. Therefore, I spent a lot of my time during the performance counting the beats. Those minutes spent reciting "one, two, three, four" while the rest of the orchestra played seemed (B2) ... . But they planted in my young brain the idea that there must be a (B3) ... between music and number. For me, out of the (B4) ... of orchestra practice, a new passion for mathematics was born.
The next time someone asks (B5) ... my hobbies are, I'll turn the question round and ask them to (B6) ... me about their hobbies. I doubt that they have any. I don't think we should deny it (B7) ... longer: the hobby is dead. Ask any teenager or adult about how they spend their spare time and they'll respond with a list of activities rather than mention collecting something.
'Guest' is a national organization which is arranges for adult international students to stay in your home for a few days. The purpose of it is to help to the students get to know the people of the country while they are studying here.
Our students are quite not well-off so they cannot pay you for their stay. However, they will reward you there with their friendship and you will learn a lot about their lives and countries.
I tried to make her laugh, but she was in (не в настроении) for jokes.
Young people should (использовать) advantage of as many opportunities to travel as possible.
Hardly anyone noticed my new dress, (не так ли)?

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