Source: http://casino-gambling-reports.com/GamblingStudy/TribalGambling/page3.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-26 10:24:36+00:00

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For the majority of tribes with gambling facilities, the revenues have been modest yet nevertheless useful. However, not all gambling tribes benefit equally. The 20 largest Indian gambling facilities account for 50.5 percent of total revenues, with the next 85 accounting for 41.2 percent. 11 Additionally, not all gambling facilities are successful. Some tribes operate their casinos at a loss and a few have even been forced to close money-losing facilities.
Under the U. S. Constitution and subsequent U. S. law and treaties with Indian nations, Native Americans enjoy a unique form of sovereignty. Chief Justice John Marshall, who was instrumental in defining the constitutional status of Indians, described the legal relationship between the federal government and the tribes as “unlike that of any other two people in existence.” 12 Two centuries of often contradictory federal court decisions and Congressional legislation have ensured that the definition and boundaries of tribal sovereignty remain in flux. Differing perspectives on the nature and extent of that sovereignty¾in particular, the relationship of Indian tribes to the state governments in which they reside¾lie at the heart of the many disputes about Indian gambling.
10 Anders, supra note 1 at 104. 11 Letter from Penny Coleman, Deputy General Counsel, NIGC to Donna Schwartz, Research Coordinator, Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, dated December 4, 1998. 12 Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 30 U. S. (5 Pet.) I (1831). 13 Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 30 U. S. (5 Pet.) 1, 16 (1831). 14 Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U. S. (6 Pet.) 515, 557 (1832). 15 Ibid. at 561. 16 New Mexico v. Mescalero Apache Tribe, 462 U. S. 324, 332 (1983) (quoting United States v. Kagama, 118 U. S. 375, 381-382 (1886). 17 Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez, 436 U. S. 49, 55 (1978) (citations omitted). 18 New Mexico v. Mescalero Apache Tribe, 462 U. S. 324, 335-36 (1983) and Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe, 455 U. S. 130, 137 (1981). 19 California v. Cabazon Band of Indians, 480 U. S. 202, 207 (1987).

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