Source: http://bpp.worldbank.org/en/data/exploreeconomies/romania/2017
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 07:03:45+00:00

Document:
In 2016, Romania transposed the European directives on public procurement into the national legislation, by adopting: Law No. 98/2016 on public procurement ('hereinafter Public Procurement Law"), as further amended and supplemented, which transposes Directive 2014/24/EU on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC; Government Decision No. 395/2016 on approving the Methodological Norms for applying the provisions on awarding public procurement contracts/framework agreements of Law No. 98/2016 on public procurement, as further amended and supplemented; Law No. 99/2016 on utility-sector procurement (hereianfter "Utility Procurement Law", which transposes Directive 2014/25/EU on procurement by entities operating in the water, energy, transport and postal services sectors and repealing Directive 2004/17/EC; Government Decision No. 394/2016 on approving the Methodological Norms for applying the provisions on awarding sectoral contracts/framework agreements of Law No. 99/2016 on utility-sector procurement, as further amended and supplemented; Law No. 100/2016 on works concessions and services concessions ("hereinafter Concession Law"), which transposes Directive 2014/23/EU on the award of concession contracts; Government Decision No. 867/2016 on approving the Methodological Norms for applying the provisions relating to the award of works concessions and service concessions of Law No. 100/2016 on works concessions and service concessions; Law No. 101/2016 on the remedies and appeals concerning the award of public procurement contracts, utility-sector contracts and works concession contracts and service concession contracts and the organization and functioning of the National Council for Solving Complaints. Furthermore, the above-mentioned regulatory framework was supplemented further to the adoption of Law No. 233/2016 on public-private partnership (hereinafter "PPP Law").
Law No. 101/2016 on the remedies and appeals concerning the award of public procurement contracts, utility-sector contracts and works concession contracts and service concession contracts and the organization and functioning of the National Council for Solving Complaints.
Furthermore, the above-mentioned regulatory framework was supplemented further to the adoption of Law No. 233/2016 on public-private partnership (hereinafter "PPP Law").
Following the need to implement the new directives on public procurement and concession contracts, Romania adopted a new set of laws regulating public procurement/concessions awarding, namely (i) Law no. 98/2016 on public procurement, for the implementation of Directive 2014/24/UE ("Law 98"), (ii) Law no. 99/2016 on sectorial acquisitions, for the implemetation of Directive 2014/25/UE ("Law 99"), (iii) Law no. 100/2016 on concession contracts of works and services, for the implementation of Directive 2014/23/UE ("Law 100"), and (iv) Law no. 101/2016 on remedies and appeal against the award of public procurement, sectorial contracts, concession contracts and the organisation and functioning of the National Council for Solving Complaints (CNSC) ("Law 101"). Furthermore, a new law on public-private partnership (i.e. Law no. 233/2016) was entered into force as of 25 December 2016.
According to Law 233/2016, Ministry of Finance should have elaborated the methodological norms for application of the PPP Law by March 25, 2017. Until June 1, 2017, no draft methodological norms was published for public consultantion or adopted by the Government.
Art. 27 paragraph (1) letter c) of Law 100/2016 provides that the law does not apply to services concessions for air transportation granted based on an operating license as per EC Regulation no 1.008/2008.
Art. 27 paragraph (1) letter d) of Law 100/2016 provides that the law does not apply to services concessions for public transportation granted based as per EC Regulation no 1.370/2007.
There are not explicit mentions in current Romanian legislation in respect to PPPs as the specific legislation was repealed and Law 233/2016 refers to the application of Law 100/2016. As such, general types of limitations from the works and services concessions law apply also to publi-private partnership arrangements. Law no. 100/2016 does not apply to concessions for general non-economic services. Law 100/2016 expressly provides that it does not apply to contracts attributed by international financial institutions.
Furthermore, the law covers only the building/development or rehabilitation and the extension of an asset/some assets which are intended to provide a public service or the operation of a public service. (Art.2 para.2 of the PPP Law). Also, the PPP contracts can be entered into for the purpose of developing an activity within the relevant sectors of public utility (ie gas and thermal energy, electrical energy, water, transportation, airports and ports, postal services and extracting of natural gas and oil) covered by the Law on public utilities procurment No. 99/2016 (the Sectorial Procurment Law) and for the purpose of providing public services by an operator as provided by Law No. 51/2006 regarding public services with the obervance of the provisions of the PPP Law.
According to the PPP Law, the public partner (ie the contracting authoritiy) is represented by any authority identified as such under Art. 4 of the Law No. 98/2016 (the Procurement Law) and under Art. 4 of the Sectorial Procurment Law and Art. 9 and 10 Law No. 100/2016 on works and services concessions (the Concessions Law).
- are financed, for the most part, of a contracting authority, as defined under a) or another public body or are subordinated or are under the supervision of a contracting authority, as defined under a) above, or of another public body or more than half of the members of its board of directors/management or supervision body are appointed by a contracting authority, as defined under a) above, or of another public body.
Also, under the Utilities Procurment Law and the Concession Law, in additon to the above, a contracting authority can also be: (i) a public enterprise (as defined under the relevant law) and (ii) any other legal entity that is functioning based on certain exclusive or special rights (as defined under the relevant legislation).
It is quite difficult to provide the websites for all the PPP procuring authorities as there is a large number of such authorities, provided they meet the conditions contemplated by the law.
- City of Iasi (www.primaria-iasi.ro).
The previous PPP Unit (i.e. the Central Unit for the Coordination of PPP) appears to be disbanded following the abrogation of the old PPP legislation (i.e., Law no. 178/2010 and its application norms). Establishment of a new PPP Unit should be sought under the application norms of the PPP Law.
Pursuant to Article 44 (b) of GEO No. 88/2013, the prior consent of the Ministry of Public Finances on the project is necessary for the purposes of proceeding to the preparation of the feasibility study.
Pursuant to Art 23 (1) of GD No 395/2016 and Art 25 (1) of GD No 394/2016, the National Agency for Public Procurement shall evaluate, prior to submission for publication of contract notice/simplified contract notice/competition by contracting authorities and/or contracting entities, the compliance of the tender documents with applicable public procurement/utility-sector procurement laws for awarding public procurement/utility-sector contracts/framework agreements which falls under the law, except for the specifications or descriptive documentation, to the extent that estimated value of the procurememt is equal to or greater than certain thresholds.
Pursuant to Art 23 of Law 100/2016, the National Agency for Public Pocurement shall evaluate, prior to submission for publication of the notice of concession, the compliance with the provisions of Law No 100/2016, the tender documents relating to contracts awarded under the law.
Regarding Law No 233/2016, the implementing rules are not yet drafted, so that we are not aware of the relevant authority which will evaluate a PPP project before launching.
According to Article 23 (3) of the PPP Law, in order to prepare the substantiation study, the public partner may contract, according to the law, technical, economic and legal consulting services.
Art.17 of the PPP Law refers to the Government Emergency Ordinance 88/2013 on the adoption of of fiscal-budgetary measures for the accomplishment of the engagements agreed with international entities and the completion and amendment of several normative acts ("GEO 88/2013"). Geo 88/2013 contemplates in Chapter 2 the criteria for the prioritization of the significant public investments projects. The criteria is detailed in the schedule of GEO 88/2013 (ie the opportunity of the project in the context of sectorial or national strategies , the economic and social justification of the project, the affordability of the project, the performance of the project's implementation).
If no, please elaborate: Difficult to assess, as in practice no such PPP were concluded following the enactment of Law no. 233/2016 on PPP.
Pursuant to Article 24 of the PPP Law, the economic efficiency of the project is demonstrated by the elaboration and inclusion of a cost-benefit analysis in the substantiation study, the structure and objectives of which will be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the law.
Details: No project was implemented based on the PPP Law so far.
Pursuant to Article 20 of the PPP Law, the study should inclide: (1) The degree of supportability of the project is the generic possibility of the project to mobilize the financial resources necessary to cover the costs.
(2) The degree of supportability of the project concerns the financial capacity of the public partner and any other public entities involved in the fulfillment of the financial obligations assumed under the public-private partnership agreement and, as the case may be, the financial capacity of the direct beneficiaries of the asset / goods or public service that form the subject of public-private partnership.
Pursuant to Article 21 of the PPP Law, the substantiation/preliminary study will include an identification of the risk categories associated with the project implementation, their quantification and a presentation of risk allocation alternatives between the contracting parties, depending on each party's ability to manage the risk assumed.
Details: No PPP Project has been implemented based on the New PPP Law so far.
Pursuant to Article 23 of the PPP Law, The substantiation study shall analyze and establish the financing of the project in a public-private partnership. A project is considered to be financially viable if its technical, financial and legal structure allows, under market conditions, to attract credits and / or other financial resources in order to ensure the financing of the project throughout its life.
e) economic efficiency of the project.
(2) The content and the procedure for the realization and updating of the substantiation study, including the main elements stipulated in paragraph (1) shall be detailed in the rules for the application of this law.
(1) The degree of supportability of the project is the generic possibility of the project to mobilize the financial resources necessary to cover the costs.
(2) The degree of supportability of the project concerns the financial capacity of the public partner and of any other public entities involved in the fulfillment of the financial obligations assumed under the public-private partnership contract and, as the case may be, the financial capacity of the direct beneficiaries of the asset / goods or public service that form the subject of public-private partnership.
The substantiation study will include an identification of the risk categories associated with the project implementation, their quantification and a presentation of risk allocation alternatives between the contracting parties, depending on each party's ability to manage the risk assumed.
From the substantiation study, it must be ascertained to what extent the obligations to be assumed by the public partner under the public-private partnership contract affect the public debt and budget deficit limits, calculated according to the methodology applicable under European Union law.
(1) The substantiation study should analyze and establish the project's financing in a public-private partnership.
(2) A project is considered to be financially viable if its technical, financial and legal structure allows, under market conditions, to attract credits and / or other financial resources in order to ensure the financing of the project throughout its life.
The economic efficiency of the project is demonstrated by the elaboration and inclusion of a cost-benefit analysis in the substantiation study, the structure and objectives of which will be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the law.
The pre-feasibility study (in Romanian: studiu de fundamentare) should provide for the following main elements, which justify, from an economic perspective, the implementation of the PPP project: a) the degree of affordability of the project and a comparison of the alternative contractual options/arrangements for the implementation of the project; b) risk allocation for each alternative implemetation option; c) characterization of the project by reference to public debt and deficit; d) bankability of the project; and d) financial viability of the project.
usually, in practice the cost-benefit analysis and affordability assessment are published because may be part of the tender documents. However, it should be noted that such details shall be further regulated throughout the normatives to the PPP Law.
Pursuant to Article 20 (1) (c) of Law No 98/2016, Article 19 (3) (c) of Law No 99/2016 and Article 19 (3) (c) of Law No 100/2016: the tender documents includes the following documents the model contract containing the mandatory terms of the contract.
ANRMAP developed drafts for some concessions of works and some of these drafts are customarily used by public authorities but can be amended or not used at all, considering such drafts are developed to a guidance purpose. There is not one clear rule to that matter. (http://anap.gov.ro/web/documentatii-standardizate/).
Relevant legal/regulatory provision (if any) Article 32 of the PPP Law sets out the contents of the PPP agreement.
Pursuant to Article 34 (1)(a) of the PPP Law, the public partner may transfer for the benefit of the PPP company those concession rights over the assets that are owned in the public property.
Pursuant to Article 34 (1) (b) of the PPP Law, the public partner may transfer for the benefit of the PPP company the superficies or right of use over those assets that are owned in private property.
Pursuant to Article 126 (2) of GD No 395/2016, Article 132 (2) of GD No 394/2016, and Article 80 (1) of GD No 867/2016, the evaluation committee may include members belonging to the departments of the contracting authority/contracting entity.
Pursuant to Article 142 of Law No 394/2016, the contracting authority has the obligation to ensure transparency of the procedure for the award of public procurement contracts/ framework agreements by publishing contract notices in SEAP. The notice shall also be published in the Official Journal of the European Union in case the estimated value of the PPP contract to be implemented is equal to or exceeds the thresholds provided by Law No 98/2016, Law No 99/2016 and Law 100/2016. The notices can not be published at national level in SEAP before the date of their publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Furthermore, Pursuant to Article 21 (2) of the Implementation Norms for the Public Procurement Law provides that the contracting authority has to publish in SEAP (The Electronic System for Public Procurement) the award documentation together with the supporting documents. Publication with the Official Journal of the European Commission is mandatory when the value of the agreement is above the thresholds provided in Article 7 (1) of the Public Procurment Law.
According to Article 51 (1) of the Concession Law: open tender is initiated by sending for publication of a concession notice, according to Art. 63 by the contracting entity require economic operators submit tenders. (2) Open procedure is generally carried out in a single step. Furthermore Aritcles 51 to 54 in general outline and regulate the open auction procedure.
According to Article 71 of the Public Procurement Law, In the open procedure any operator is entitled to submit a tender following publication of a contract notice. Furthermore Articles 71 to 75 of the Public Procurement Law regulate the open procedure.
Pursuant to Article 76 of the Public Procurement Law: In the restricted procedures any economic operator has the right to file a application for participation following publication of a notice, following that only candidates meeting the criteria for qualification and selection criteria established by the contracting authority have the right to submit offer the subsequent step. Furthermore, Articles 76 to 79 of the Public Procurement law regulate the restricted procedure.
Pursuant to Article 57 of the Concession Law: The competitive dialogue procedure is conducted in three stages: a) First stage - submitting requests to participate and the selection of candidates by applying qualification and selection criteria set out in the tender documentation; b) Second stage - the dialogue with the candidates selected in order to identify the solution / solutions aimed at meet the needs of the contracting entity on which / who will submit their final tenders; c) Stage Three - submitting final offers by the remaining candidates from the stage of dialogue and their evaluation by applying the award criteria. Furthermore Articles 55 to 61 regulate the competitve dialogue procedure.
Furthermore, Pursuant to Article 88 (1) of the Public Procurement Law: The competitive dialogue procedure is conducted in three stages: a) requests to participate stage submission and selection of candidates by applying the criteria qualification and selection; b) the stage of the dialogue with the candidates selected in order to identify the solution / solutions aimed at contracting authority's needs and on which / who will submit their final tenders; c) the final stage of submission of tenders by the remaining candidates from the stage for dialogue and evaluation them, by applying the award criteria and evaluation factors. Furthermore, Articles 86 to 94 of the Public Procurement Law regulates the competitve dialogue procedure.
Relevant legal/regulatory provision (if any) Paragraph 6 of the Public Procurement Law allows for and regulates the Innovative Partnership mechanism.
Pursuant to Art 150 (1) of Law No 98/2016, Art 160 (1) of Law No 99/2016, Art 70 (1) of Law 100/2016, the contracting authority/contracting entity provides electronically through SEAP, direct access, completely unrestricted and free of economic operators to the tender documents from the contract notice. Furthermore, Pursuant to Article 20 (2) of the Implementation Norms for Public Procurement Law, the tender documents shall provide any information necessary for the candidate in order for him to be completely, correctly and explicitly informed about the procurement process.
Pursuant to Article 52 (1) of Law 100/2016, the contracting authority has to include into the concession notice the qualification criteria, and, in case it uses a negotiated procedure, the applicable rules.
If yes, please specify and provide the relevant legal/regulatory provisions (if any): In general, the specified criteria are respected in practice.
Pursuant to Art 160 (1) of Law No 98/2016 and Art 172 (1) of Law No 99/2016 any interested economic operator has the right to request clarification or additional information about the tender documents. According to Art 160 (2) of Law No 98/2016, Art 173 of Law No 99/2016 and Art 70 (8) of Law No 100/2016, the contracting authority/contracting entity has the obligation to respond clearly and completely as soon as possible to any request for clarification or additional information in a period not to exceed, usually three calendar days following the receipt of such a request from a bidder, but with at least 6 calendar days prior to the deadline for the receipt of tenders/request for participation, if the request was addressed in a timely manner. However, such requests cannot result in the modification of the key elements of the bid or of the essential terms of the contract, which could lead to the distortion of the competition or discrimination.
Failure to observe the obligation to disclose clarification requests to all potential bidders has been punished in practice (in the early years of implementing the public procuremnt legislation) by cancellation of the procedure for lack of transparency. Therefore, this obligation is well known and observed by procuring entities.
According to Article 139 (1) of the Public Procurement Law, the procuring authority may organize consultations with the market for the preparation of the tender.
Pursuant to Article 139 (1) of the Public Procurement Law, before commencing the award procedure, the contracting authority has the right to organize market consultations in preparation for the acquisition, by reference to the contract of public procurement and to inform operators on acquisition plans and requirements contemplated in connection therewith, making this known through SEAP, as well as by any other means.
The bidders have to present an oferr that includes the financial offer and the technical offer. The financial offer contains details such as: the price, the tariff, the other financial and commercial conditions that have to satisfy the requirments of the contracting authority.
Pursuant to Article 187 (2) of the Public Procurement Law, the procuring authority shall select the most advantageous economic offer based upon the awarding criteria and the evaluation factors included in the tender book. Furthermore, Pursuant to Article 72 of the Concession Law, the procuring authority shall evaluate the offers submitted by interested private investors and shall award the agreement based on the awarding criteria established in the procurement notice.
Pursuant to Article 215 (1) of the Public Procurement Law, the contracting authority shall inform every candidate / tenderer on decisions Regarding the selection result, outcome of the procedure or award / contract procurement / framework agreement or admission to a dynamic purchasing system, including the reasons underlying any decision not to award a contract to enter into a framework agreement not to implement a dynamic purchasing system or to resume award as soon as possible, but no later than five days from the issuance decisions.
Pursuant to Article 215 (2) of the Public Procurement Law, in its Communication on the outcome of the procedure in par. (1) authority contracting shall include: a) any unsuccessful candidate of concrete reasons that led to the decision to reject the his request to participate; b) any tenderer who submits a tender unacceptable or non-compliant, concrete reasons led to the decision of the contracting authority; c) any tenderer who has made an admissible tender that has not been declared winner, characteristics and relative advantages of the successful tender / tenders in relation to the winning bid his name to the tenderer that is awarded the contract procurement or, where appropriate, the tenderer / tenderers to conclude a framework agreement; d) any tenderer who has made an admissible tender of the conduct and progress of negotiations and dialogue with tenderers.
According to Article 7 of the Law on the remedies and the challenging of the awarding procedures (the Law on Challenging and Dispute Resolution) provides that the signing of the contract is suspended for a certain period if a prior notice for challenging the acts of the awarding authority is submitted with the awarding authority, ie (i) 10 calendar days for the contracts the value of which is equal to or higher than the thresholds that impose the publication of the participation notices with the Official Journal of the European Union and (ii) 5 days for the contracts that have a lower value than the thresholds established for the publication of participation notices with the Official Journal of the European Union.
Pursuant to Article 207 (1) of the Procurement Law, Art. 219 of the Sectorial Procurment Law, the contracting authority shall conclude the contract with the winning bidder based on the tehnical and financial proposal comprised in the bid.
Not observing the principles of public procurement represent a breach of the legislation, which may lead to potential competition and criminal liabilities.
Pursuant to Article 44 (1) of the PPP Law, public entities intending to carry out public-private partnership projects can organize and operate the inhouse units to coordinate public-private partnership projects. The effective procedure of implementing the public-private partnership projects shall be set out by the methodological norms which are in the process of drafting.
Article 41 of the PPP Law states: The public partner has the right to monitor and control the way the private partner and / or the project company executes the obligations arising out of the public-private partnership contract and / or the legal provisions during the entire period of the public partnership contract applicable.
Furthermore article 44 (1) of the PPP Law states that: The public entities intending to carry out public-private partnership projects may organize and put into operation internal units for the coordination of the public-private partnership projects, in accordance with the provisions of the norms for the application of this law.
Pursuant to Article 44 (2) of the PPP Law, the members of the internal co-ordination units of the public-private partnership projects shall undergo training courses in order to specialize in the public-private partnership.
Lastly, Article 32 sets out aspects that need to be included within the contract which includes methods of monitoring and control.
Pursuant to Article 42 (2) of the PPP Law, the private partner or the project company are not entitled to assign or to encumber those rights and obligations that are borne under the PPP agreement, except in those situations expressly mention in the law.
Also, as per Article 40 of the PPP Law, at the termination of the PPP agreement the public partner can or shall take over, depending on the termination case, ownership of the shares of the private partner within the project company.
Pursuant to Article 105 of the Concession Law: (1) Concession contracts can be changed without a new award procedure, When a new dealer replaces the contracting entity which initially awarded works concession or services concession in one of the following: a) following a review clauses or options set out by the contracting entity according to art. 101; b) the rights and obligations arising from the original concessionaire concession contract are taken following a universal or universal succession in a process reorganization, including the merger or division to another operator satisfying the qualification and selection initially established provided that this change would not involve other substantial modifications to the concession and are not carried out in order to circumvent the award procedures provided by this law; c) early termination of the concession contract and transfer contracts with subcontractors by the concessionaire of the contracting entity, as a result of clauses review or options set out by the contracting entity under Art. 101. (2) When the review clause or option set by the contracting par. (1) lit. a) provides for financial institutions granting the right to assign the contract concession to another operator, it must meet the qualification and selection established by the concession notice and tender documentation.
Furthermore Articles 100-109 overall of the Concession Law regulates the changes to Concession contracts (if the PPP was procured using the Concession Law).
(1) Except as expressly provided by this law, the private partner or the project company shall not be able to assign or strike with duties its own rights and obligations arising from the public-private partnership contract.
(2) The private partner shall not be able to alienate or strike with actions the shares or shares held in the project company, except with the express consent of the public partner and the project financiers, except in the cases expressly provided in the present law.
Pursuant to Article 36 of the PPP Law, the PPP contract can be amended if so provided by the law regulating the procurement procedure applicable to the PPP agreement. Also, in accordance to Article 35 of the PPP Law, the public partner can unilaterally amend the PPP agreement for exceptional reasons related to public interest (e.g. public health; protection of the environment; safety and quality standards; the affordability of the tariff by the the service users; necessity to ensure the unrestricted access to a certain public service).
c) with the prior notification of the private partner and the project company.
(2) For the purposes of the present law, such as public health, environmental protection, safety and quality standards, the affordability of the tariff by the users of the service, the need to ensure unobstructed access to a certain service may constitute exceptional reasons related to the public interest public.
(3) If the amendment or unilateral termination of the contract causes damages, the private partner has the right to a fair indemnity, determined according to the provisions of the law, the method of determination being provided in the public-private partnership contract.
(4) The public-private partnership contract must contain a mechanism for adjusting the payments to the private partner and the project company, in case the unilateral modification of the contract by the public partner is favorable to the private partner by reducing the works to be executed or in any other way.
(5) In case of disagreement on the amount of the indemnity / adjustment, it shall be determined by the competent court.
Disagreement will in no case allow the non-execution or improper execution of the obligations by the private partner or, as the case may be, the project company.
The public-private partnership contract may be modified only in the cases and under the conditions of the contract modification provided by the law governing the award procedure, according to the provisions of art. 25.
a) it is necessary to purchase the original concession of services or works Further, not included in the concession contract initially but became strictly necessary to achieve it; b) change the concessionaire is impossible. (2) For the purposes of paragraph. (1) lit. b) change the concessionaire is impossible when They are met, the following conditions: a) changing the concessionaire can not be made for economic or technical, and requirements for interchangeability and interoperability of equipment, services or existing installations purchased under the original concession contract; b) change the contracting entity concessionaire would cause significant difficulty or significant cost. (3) In the case of concessions awarded by contracting authorities in order carrying out an activity other than those listed in Annex. 2, any increase in value can not exceed 10% of the concession works or concession of initial services. (4) Where the contracting authority carries out several successive changes, they do not exceed the aggregate, an increase of more than 10% of the works or concession concession The initial services. Art. 103 Concession contracts can be changed without a new award procedure, if met, the following conditions: a) changes became necessary following circumstances an entity contracting act with due diligence could not foresee; b) amendment does not affect the overall nature of the concession works or concession services; c) Concession contracts awarded by contracting authorities to conduct an other than those listed in Annex. 2, the change does not involve an increase in the More than 10% of the initial concession, applying properly the provisions art. 102 par. (4). Art. 104 Contracting entities modify a concession in the cases provided for in art. 102 and art. 103, are required to post a notice to that effect in the Official Journal of the European Union and national level, in compliance with the standard form set by the European Commission under provisions of art. 33 of Directive 2014/23 / EU of the European Parliament and Council. Art. 105 (1) Concession contracts can be changed without a new award procedure, When a new dealer replaces the contracting entity which initially awarded works concession or services concession in one of the following: a) following a review clauses or options set out by the contracting entity according to art. 101; b) the rights and obligations arising from the original concessionaire concession contract are taken following a universal or universal succession in a process reorganization, including the merger or division to another operator satisfying the qualification and selection initially established provided that this change would not involve other substantial modifications to the concession and are not carried out in order to circumvent the award procedures provided by this law; c) early termination of the concession contract and transfer contracts with subcontractors by the concessionaire of the contracting entity, as a result of clauses review or options set out by the contracting entity under Art. 101. (2) When the review clause or option set by the contracting par. (1) lit. a) provides for financial institutions granting the right to assign the contract concession to another operator, it must meet the qualification and selection established by the concession notice and tender documentation.
Art. 106 (1) Concession contracts can be changed without a new award procedure, when changes, regardless of their value, are not substantial under paragraph. (2). (2) An amendment to a concession contract validity period is considered substantial change when this amendment, the character gets concession substantially different from the one initially concluded concession. It is a substantial change any amendment that meets one of the following conditions: a) the modification introduces conditions which, if it were included in the initial assignment procedure would have allowed the selection of other candidates than those initially selected or accepting another offer than the originally agreed or would attract more participants to tender; b) the modification changes the economic balance of the concession contract for concession and / or allocation of risk between the parts in a way that has not been provided in the works concession or services concession of the original; c) the modification extends considerably the scope of the concession works or concession services; d) a new concessionaire replaces the original concessionaire, in cases other than those referred to in art. 105. Art. 107 (1) Concession contracts can be changed without a new award procedure, if met, the following conditions: a) the amount of change is less than the threshold provided in art. 11 para. (1); b) the amount of change is less than 10% of the original works concession or Initial service concession. (2) Change the concession contract according to para. (1) shall not prejudice generality of works concession or services concession. (3) In the situation provided in par. (1), where several successive modifications are carried out, the changes will be determined based on the net global value of such changes succession. (4) When calculating the amount referred to in paragraph. (1), Art. 102 par. (3) and Art. 103 lit. c) using present value, which is: a) the reference value when the concession includes an indexation; b) the value based on the average inflation rate published by the National Institute of Statistics, when the concession contract does not include an indexation clause. Art. 108 The rules for the implementation of this law shall be imputed contracting entity's obligation to notify the institution responsible for the ex-ante intention to make changes to concession contracts, under this sections. Art. 109 (1) Any amendment to a concession contract during its validity, or except in the cases and conditions provided for in this section shall be made by a new organization award procedure in accordance with this law. (2) In case of non-compliance with paragraph. (1) The contracting entity is entitled to terminate unilateral concession contract initially. (3) The contracting entity introduces the right of withdrawal provided for in paragraph. (2) contractual conditions contained in the tender documentation.
Article 103 (3) of the Concession Law provides that the value of the agreement must not involve an increase of more than 10% of the value of the agreement.
c) prior notification of the private partner and the project company.
According to Article 35 (2) of the PPP Law it may be considered exceptional reasons related to public interest issues such as public health, environmental protection, safety standards and quality, affordability tariff by service users need to ensure unrestricted access to a particular service public. Nevertheless, according to Article 35 (3) of the PPP Law if the modification or withdrawal brings injury, the private partner is entitled to fair compensation according to the rules/provisions for determining were laid down in the public-private partnership contract.
Pursuant to Article 105 (1) (e) of GD No 867/2016 the agreement shall specify circumstances under which it may be terminated, inter alia, in case of force majeure or unforeseeable circumstances, when the concessionaire is unable to continue the contract, opting without paying compensation.
Pursuant to Article 34 (2) of the PPP Law, the private partner or the project company, as the case may be, will not be able to subcontract, in whole or in part, the goods, services or works conceded and will not be able to entrust the realization of the object of the contract to another person, except in the cases provided by this law .
Pursuant to Article 43 (2) of the PPP Law, disputes arising out of the implementation of the PPP contract shall be settled in accordance with Law no. 101/2016 on the remedies in connection with the award of public procurement contracts, sectoral contracts and works and services concession contracts, as well as for the organization and functioning of the National Council for Solving Complaints.
Article 2 of Law no 101/2016 provides for the possibility of any person, damaged by an act or omission of the procuring authority, to seek remedies before an administrative-judicial body or before the court, according to the provisions of Law 101/2016 ; Article 57 of Law no. 101/2016 provides for the possibility, upon parties agreement, to settle a dispute arising from a PPP contract by arbitration .
Pursuant to Article 57 of Law No 101/2016 the parties may agree that disputes concerning the interpretation, conclusion, execution, amendment and termination shall be settled by arbitration.
Pursuant to Article 39 of the PPP Law if the private partner or the project company fails to fulfill its obligations under the public-private partnership contract or the obligations towards the project sponsors, the public partner, on its own initiative or at the request of the project financiers, may replace the private partner if this clause was included in the awarding and contract documentation, in compliance with the conditions regarding the review clause, in conformity with the law governing the procedure of awarding the contract, according to the provisions of article 25.
Pursuant to Article 32 (p) of the PPP Law, procedures for taking over the rights and obligations of the private partner by the project financiers and / or a new private partner should be agreed upon/set within the contract/agreement.
Pursuant to Article 32 (u) of the PPP Law, the PPP contract must include clauses regulating the grounds for its termination and the conditions for ensuring the continuity of the public services performed under the PPP.
(1) At the termination of any public-private partnership contract for any reason, the rights created by the public partner in favor of the private partner or the project company shall cease and the goods made or acquired by the project company and representing the object of the project, and those necessary for carrying out the public service to be transferred to the public partner must be free of duties, in good working order and exploitable according to the standards applicable to the public service and / or similar assets, under conditions established by the public-private partnership contract.
(2) Upon the termination of the public-private partnership contract as a result of expiration of the term for which it was concluded, the goods made or acquired by the project company and representing the object of the project, as well as those necessary for the execution of the public service, shall be transferred to the public partner free of charge .
(3) Upon the termination of the public-private partnership contract for any reason, except for the expiry of the term for which it was concluded, the goods made or acquired by the project company and representing the object of the project, as well as those necessary for the execution of the public service may be transferred to the public partner , under the conditions stipulated in the public-private partnership agreement, with the payment of a compensation determined in relation to the unamortised value of these goods. If the termination of the contract is due to the fault of the private partner, any amount due by the private partner as indemnities under the public-private partnership contract must be deducted from the amount of the compensation.
(1) Upon termination of the public-private partnership contract for any reason other than the expiration of the term of the contract, the public partner will be able to take over the shares or shares of the private partner in the project company in exchange for a price set in accordance with the provisions of the partnership contract public-private and enforcement rules. If the termination of the contract is due to the fault of the private partner, any sums owed by the private partner as indemnities under the public-private partnership contract must be deducted from the value of the said price.
(2) In case of termination of the public-private partnership contract upon expiration of its term, the public partner may take over the shares or the private shares of the private partner in the project company, free of charge, in accordance with the provisions of the public-private partnership contract.
Not specifically regulated. According to Article 18 (1) of the PPP Law, a PPP project may be initiated only by a Procuring Authorities and based on the pre-feasibility study prepared in this respect.
Yes. Establishment of a PPP contract management team. Personnel training programs. PPP contract management team requires qualifications without specific detail.

References: Art. 27

Art. 27
 Art. 4
 Art. 4
 Art. 9
 Art 23
 Art 25
 Art 23

Art.17
 Art. 63
 Art 150
 Art 160
 Art 70
 Art 160
 Art 172
 Art 160
 Art 173
 Art 70
 Art. 219
 art. 101
 Art. 101
 art. 25
 Art. 103
 art. 102
 Art. 104
 art. 102
 art. 103
 art. 33
 Art. 105
 art. 101
 Art. 101

Art. 106
 art. 105
 Art. 107
 art. 11
 Art. 102
 Art. 103
 Art. 108
 Art. 109