Source: https://fmshrc.gov/decisions/alj/ALJo_11222017-SE%202017-236%20M.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-18 15:27:59+00:00

Document:
This case is before me upon the Petition for the Assessment of Civil Penalty filed by the Secretary of Labor (“Secretary”) pursuant to section 105 of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (“Mine Act”), 30 U.S.C. § 815. On November 1, 2017, Chief Administrative Law Judge Robert J. Lesnick notified the parties that Docket No. SE 2017-236-M had been designated for Simplified Proceedings and assigned the docket to me.
On November 13, 2017, Respondent filed a Motion to Discontinue Simplified Proceedings, stating its reasons why this case is inappropriate for Simplified Proceedings. On November 14, 2017, I issued my Order Granting Motion to Discontinue Simplified Proceedings pursuant to 29 C.F.R. § 2700.104(a) based on Respondent’s expressed need to conduct discovery in this matter. On November 14, 2017, the Secretary filed a Motion for Reconsideration stating his opposition to discontinuing Simplified Proceedings. On November 16, 2017, Respondent filed a memorandum in opposition to the Secretary’s motion for reconsideration.
The Commission’s rules governing conventional proceedings permit broad discovery of any relevant, non-privileged matter, which may only be limited for good cause shown to prevent undue delay, oppression, burden, or expense. 29 C.F.R. § 2700.56(a)–(c). Similarly, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure allow a party to discover “any non[-]privileged matter that is relevant to any party’s claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case[.]” Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(1). Discovery serves as a key tool “to narrow and clarify the basic issues between the parties” and “for ascertaining the facts, or information as to the existence or whereabouts of facts, relative to those issues.” Hickman v. Taylor, 329 U.S. 495, 501 (1947). Therefore, the scope of discovery under the Federal Rules is “construed broadly to encompass any matter that bears on, or that reasonably could lead to other matter that could bear on, any issue that is or may be in the case.” Oppenheimer Fund, Inc. v. Sanders, 437 U.S. 340, 351 (1978).
The Commission’s Procedural Rules for Simplified Proceedings recognize a basic purpose—to provide a mechanism “so that parties before the Commission may reduce the time and expense of litigation while being assured of due process and a hearing that meets the requirements of the Administrative Procedure Act.” 29 C.F.R. § 2700.100(a) (citations omitted). Such rules were promulgated primarily to assist the Commission in handling a temporary caseload increase beginning in 2006. 75 Fed. Reg. 28,223 (May 10, 2010). Cases designated for Simplified Proceedings cannot involve fatalities, injuries, or illnesses, and will generally have certain characteristics, such as involving “only citations issued under section 104(a) of the Mine Act” and not involving “complex issues of law or fact.” Id. § 2700.101. Yet discretion exists.
Although the Commission’s Procedural Rules for Simplified Proceedings limit discovery, the Commission did not intend to deny parties access to information but rather to expedite the means for exchange through mandatory disclosure. See 75 Fed. Reg. 81,459, 81,461 (Dec. 28, 2010) (“Rather than requiring . . . discovery, the Commission proposed a more expeditious means for disclosure through the mandatory exchange of documents and materials . . . .”); 29 C.F.R. § 2700.105. For Simplified Proceedings to achieve its goal of streamlining litigation, “the parties must be willing participants in the process.” Cactus Canyon Quarries of Texas, Inc., 35 FMSHRC 715, 717 (Mar. 2013) (ALJ). Hence, Commission Judges may discontinue Simplified Proceedings upon motion by any party explaining why the case is inappropriate for simplified treatment. 29 C.F.R. § 2700.104(a)–(b).
Here, Respondent sought to engage in discovery beyond the procedures permitted by Simplified Proceedings. Specifically, Respondent asserts that deposing MSHA’s inspector is essential to the presentation of its case. Preventing a party from gathering information needed to present an effective case would not serve the purposes of Simplified Proceedings and would run counter to the goal of streamlining the issues in this matter. Indeed, when one party objects and requires more discovery than allowed under Simplified Proceedings, “the likelihood of a speedy resolution of the case is diminished to the point where adherence to the rules becomes a hindrance rather than a benefit.” Cactus Canyon, 35 FMSHRC at 717. Furthermore, despite the Secretary’s arguments, even cases that meet most of the criteria found in Procedural Rule 101 may still be deemed inappropriate for Simplified Proceedings. See, e.g., Grand Eagle Mining, Inc., 33 FMSHRC 2355, 2356 (Sept. 2011) (ALJ) (denying motion to designate case for Simplified Proceedings although most of the general criteria were met). I have determined that Respondent demonstrated a reasonable need for the discovery sought. Given that the Secretary has failed to establish that such discovery would cause undue delay, oppression, burden, or expense, I see no justification to limit the operator’s access to information and its right to due process. Therefore, I conclude that Simplified Proceedings are inappropriate for this case.
Based on the above, it is hereby ORDERED that the Secretary’s Motion for Reconsideration be DENIED. Furthermore, my Prehearing Order issued on November 14, 2017, shall control the prehearing procedures in this proceeding. Thus, the parties’ deadline for compliance with my Prehearing Order shall be Tuesday, April 3, 2018.
 Commission Judges may look to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure for guidance on any procedural question not governed by the Mine Act, the Commission’s Procedural Rules, or the Administrative Procedure Act. 29 C.F.R. § 2700.1(b).
 Although the Commission Judges’ decisions I cite herein are not binding precedent, see 29 C.F.R. § 2700.69(d), I find their reasoning persuasive.
 A Judge may discontinue Simplified Proceedings sua sponte. 29 C.F.R. § 2700.104(a).

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