Source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/19/2242
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 15:57:11+00:00

Document:
those foreign countries identified under paragraph (1) that are determined by the Trade Representative to be priority foreign countries.
to provide adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights.
take into account information from such sources as may be available to the Trade Representative and such information as may be submitted to the Trade Representative by interested persons, including information contained in reports submitted under section 2241(b) of this title and petitions submitted under section 2412 of this title.
The Trade Representative may identify a foreign country under subsection (a)(1)(B) only if the Trade Representative finds that there is a factual basis for the denial of fair and equitable market access as a result of the violation of international law or agreement, or the existence of barriers, referred to in subsection (d)(3).
the history of efforts of the United States, and the response of the foreign country, to achieve adequate and effective protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights.
if information available to the Trade Representative indicates that such action is appropriate.
The Trade Representative shall include in the semiannual report submitted to the Congress under section 2419(3) of this title a detailed explanation of the reasons for the revocation under paragraph (1) of the identification of any foreign country as a priority foreign country under this section.
the manufacture of products that are patented or for which there are process patents.
A foreign country denies adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights if the foreign country denies adequate and effective means under the laws of the foreign country for persons who are not citizens or nationals of such foreign country to secure, exercise, and enforce rights relating to patents, process patents, registered trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and mask works.
constitute discriminatory nontariff trade barriers.
A foreign country may be determined to deny adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights, notwithstanding the fact that the foreign country may be in compliance with the specific obligations of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights referred to in section 3511(d)(15) of this title.
The Trade Representative shall publish in the Federal Register a list of foreign countries identified under subsection (a) and shall make such revisions to the list as may be required by reason of action under subsection (c).
is actionable under article 2106 of the North American Free Trade Agreement.
take into account the information from such sources as may be available to the Trade Representative and such information as may be submitted to the Trade Representative by interested persons, including information contained in reports submitted under section 2241(b) of this title.
The publication, distribution, or sale of books, magazines, periodicals, or newspapers in print or machine readable form but not including the sole activity of printing or typesetting any of the foregoing.
The production, distribution, sale, or exhibition of film or video recordings.
The production, distribution, sale, or exhibition of audio or video music recordings.
The publication, distribution, or sale of music in print or machine readable form.
Radio communications in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the general public, and all radio, television, and cable broadcasting undertakings and all satellite programming and broadcast network services.
Not later than 90 days after the date on which the Trade Representative submits the National Trade Estimate under section 2241(b) of this title, the Trade Representative shall develop an action plan described in subparagraph (C) with respect to each foreign country described in subparagraph (B).
has remained on such list for at least one year.
to make significant progress toward achieving the goals described in clause (i).
The benchmarks contained in an action plan developed pursuant to subparagraph (A) are such legislative, institutional, enforcement, or other actions as the Trade Representative determines to be necessary for the foreign country to achieve the goals described in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (C).
If, as of one year after the date on which an action plan is developed under paragraph (1)(A), the President, in consultation with the Trade Representative, determines that the foreign country to which the action plan applies has not substantially complied with the benchmarks described in paragraph (1)(D), the President may take appropriate action with respect to the foreign country.
In this subsection, the term “priority watch list” means the priority watch list established by the Trade Representative pursuant to subsection (a).
a description of the action plans developed under subsection (g) and any actions taken by foreign countries under such plans.
2016—Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 114–125, § 610(a), inserted “, trade secrets,” after “copyrights”.
1999—Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 106–113 substituted “Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office” for “Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks”.
1994—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 103–465, § 313(1), added par. (4).
Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 103–465, § 313(2)(A), amended introductory provisions generally. Prior to amendment, introductory provisions read as follows: “A foreign country denies fair and equitable market access if the foreign country effectively denies access to a market for a product protected by a copyright, patent, or process patent through the use of laws, procedures, practices, or regulations which—”.
Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 103–465, § 313(2)(B), added par. (4).
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 103–465, § 313(3), added subsec. (g).
1993—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–182 added subsec. (f).
Amendment by Pub. L. 106–113 effective 4 months after Nov. 29, 1999, see section 1000(a)(9) [title IV, § 4731] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 1 of Title 35, Patents.
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–465 effective on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), see section 316 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3581 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 103–182 effective on the date the North American Free Trade Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States [Jan. 1, 1994], see section 516(a) of Pub. L. 103–182, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3461 of this title.
Amounts from the Trade Enforcement Trust Fund established under section 611 [19 U.S.C. 4405] may be expended by the United States Trade Representative, only as provided by appropriations Acts, to provide assistance to any developing country to which an action plan applies under section 182(g) of the Trade Act of 1974 [19 U.S.C. 2242(g)], as amended by paragraph (1), to facilitate the efforts of the developing country to comply with the benchmarks contained in the action plan. Such assistance may include capacity building, activities designed to increase awareness of intellectual property rights, and training for officials responsible for enforcing intellectual property rights in the developing country.
Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title VIII, § 852, Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1517, as amended by Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title XIII, § 1302(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1668, provided that it is the sense of Congress that it be a very important consideration in procurement of property, services, or technology by the Department of Defense whether such procurement is from any person of any country which has been identified by the United States Trade Representative as denying adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights or fair and equitable market access to United States persons that rely upon intellectual property protection.
the absence of adequate and effective protection of United States intellectual property rights, and the denial of fair and equitable market access, seriously impede the ability of the United States persons that rely on protection of intellectual property rights to export and operate overseas, thereby harming the economic interests of the United States.

References: § 610
 § 313
 § 313
 § 313
 § 313
 § 4731
 § 852
 § 1302