Source: http://aoot.osa.org/josab/abstract.cfm?uri=josab-36-4-1091
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 20:53:56+00:00

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A steady magnetic field perpendicular to a laser beam is widely used to improve the rate and quality of laser ablation. Recently, we reported a 69-fold enhancement of laser ablation of silicon using a magnetic field parallel to a laser beam. To understand the fundamental mechanisms of that phenomenon, multipulse magnetic-field-enhanced ablation of stainless steel, titanium alloy, and silicon was performed. The influence of magnetic field varies significantly depending on the material: from 2.8-fold ablation enhancement on stainless steel and silicon to no pronounced ablation modification on titanium alloy. Those results are discussed in terms of magnetized-plasma, magneto-absorption, skin-layer, and magnetic-field-influenced transport effects. Understanding of those mechanisms is crucial for advanced control of nanosecond laser–surface coupling to improve laser micromachining.
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Fig. 1. (a) Traditional longitudinal alignment of magnetic field (blue arrows), i.e., parallel to a surface and normal to a laser beam, delivers a larger Lorenz force F due to almost normal alignment of the magnetic field (B) and the speed (v) of particles 1 and 2 departing from the surface. (b) Axial alignment of the magnetic field produces a significantly smaller Lorenz force.
Fig. 2. Sketch of the experimental setup for axially magnetized nanosecond laser ablation and a scheme of mutual alignment of the laser beam and LPP under an axial magnetic field.
Fig. 3. (a, b) SEM images and (c, d) depth profile of the ablation area produced on silicon (a, c) without and (b, d) with the magnetic field directed normally toward the surface.
Fig. 4. (a, b) SEM images and (c, d) depth profile of the ablation area produced on stainless steel (a, c) without and (b, d) with the magnetic field directed toward the surface.
Fig. 5. (a, b) SEM images and (b, d) depth profile of the ablation area on the titanium-alloy surface treated (a, c) without and (b, d) with the magnetic field directed toward the surface.
Fig. 6. Sketch of the distribution of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity (red solid) and thermal flow (blue dotted) in the melted surface layer and at the liquid–solid interface of (a) silicon, (b) stainless steel, and (c) titanium alloy. Shaded strips depict the location of high temperature gradients. The vertical axis sketches the scale of thermal-conductivity variations in arbitrary units.

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