Source: http://www.vstmag.ru/en/archives-all/2018/2018-10
Timestamp: 2019-04-21 22:03:29+00:00

Document:
To download all number in format PDF (in Russian)The further text is accessible on a paid subscription.
Петербургский Водоканал – лидер отрасли водоснабжения и водоотведения в стране и одно из лучших предприятий этой сферы в Европе. Сегодня мы обеспечиваем качественной питьевой водой более 5,3 миллионов жителей Санкт-Петербурга и десятки тысяч предприятий. Чтобы занять лидирующие позиции, Водоканал прошел тернистый путь длиной в 160 лет.
Danilov A. N., KINEBAS A. K., Rublevskaya O. N., Gvozdev V. A.
The description of process solutions applied by SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» for the development of the water supply and wastewater disposal systems in the XXI century is presented. Advanced technologies are the tools for achieving the core targets of the enterprise – delivering high-quality water supply and wastewater disposal services that will provide for the good living standards for the citizens, sustainable development of the metropolis, development of the water use culture and conservation of the Baltic Sea Marine. The information of the measures that provided for reducing the water consumption, improving the safety and reliability of the water supply of Saint-Petersburg is stated. The measures are highlighted that provided for the purification of 98.6% wastewater amount, allowed to introduce the technology of nutrients removal from wastewater at all the treatment facilities, to solve the problem of sludge utilization. The innovative technologies used in the construction and upgrade of sewers and networks are described. The information on the advanced solutions of snow utilization in the city is presented. The advanced technical solutions, materials and equipment applied at the facilities operated by SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» are the output of the continuous cooperation of the enterprise with domestic manufacturers, scientific and educational institutions, exchange of experience with the Russian and foreign water utilities.
Pashedko I. M., Bocharskaia I. A., Reinke V. A.
Environmental issues have been the most important global problems of the «nature – society» system; the origin of them being the prevailing spontaneity in the control of natural and public processes based on the consumptive exploitation of natural resources as well as the low level of the ecological culture of the population. To fulfill this challenging task the development of an efficient system of information sharing, social education of teenagers and young people on the environmental issues is required as well as the development of advanced technological approaches to the ecological education. Environmental awareness building will be efficient if it starts from the very childhood and provides for the acquisition of environmental knowledge, rules and standards of behavior. The importance of cultural creative technologies in the system of environmental education is considered; the main components of the cultural creative model are defined. The use of these technologies adds to the environmental education the integrity that makes the system that provides not only for the class activities program but also for the extra-curricular activities of children, teenagers and young people in the process of their active free time. The main components of the cultural creative model have been to the full extent reflected in the educational activities of «Information and Training Centre» Branch of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» in relation to the environmental education of children and young people. The Branch comprises: multimedia exposition «The Universe of Water» and Youth Environmental Centre. Over the period of the Branch existence large-scale projects of the municipal, regional, all-Russia and international levels have been implemented.
KINEBAS A. K., Kostyuchenko S. V., Portnova T. M., Mikhailov V. V.
The experience of the SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» activities in the field of retrofitting the technology of two-stage disinfection of drinking water with sodium hypochlorite and UV-irradiation is presented. The concept of ensuring guaranteed safety of the drinking water supply in and around Saint-Petersburg is described. The upgrade of the water disinfection system was carried out at the operating facilities eliminating any decrease in purification efficiency and waterworks capacity. The water treatment facilities use «A» trademark sodium hypochlorite and low-concentrated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) manufactured at the factories at the Southern and Northern Waterworks. The process of sodium hypochlorite production includes: salt storage, preparation of saturated salt solution, preparation of softened water, preparation of 3–4% (mass.) concentration work salt solution, production of 0.8% concentration (mass.) sodium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite storage in two tanks. The process of NaOCl production is operated in automatic mode. In order to affect efficiently the entire spectrum of microorganisms including bacteria, viruses and protozoan cysts UV-irradiation is used. The outstanding feature of the UV-disinfection plants at the facilities of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» is the fact that the UV-equipment is installed at the point of drinking water supply to the distribution network (the contact time is less than 1 minute). The reliability of water disinfection is ensured by the selected method of UV-irradiation of thin water layer. Beginning from 2017 the equipment operation and irradiation dosage monitoring has been carried out in automatic mode. The analytical equipment installed at the facilities was manufactured in Saint-Petersburg.
Portnova T. M., Keish V. S., Protasovskii E. M.
In accordance with «The scheme of water supply and wastewater disposal of Saint-Petersburg for the period up to 2025 including the prospects up to 2030» SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» started building two water treatment plants in Diuny and Molodezhnoe settlements of the kurort District of Saint-Petersburg upon the project of «Lengiproinzhproekt» Institute. Underground water deposits of the «Solnechnoe – Diuny» and «Molodezhnoe» intermorainic aquifer located in the south-western part of the Karelian Isthmus were used as a water source. Underground water is characterized by the high concentrations of iron (up to 5 mg/l, manganese (up to 1 mg/l), and barium (up to 1.5 mg/l). As for the rest parameters artesian water meets the standards. Underground water is fresh, sodium bicarbonate by chemical composition with 0.06–0.27 g/l mineralization and less than 3 mg-eq/l hardness. The technology of removing iron, manganese and bromine from water in two-stage rapid filters with the use of catalytic oxidation in pressure filters of the second stage containing crushed pyrolusite media was introduced. The facilities designed and built according to the mentioned technology showed high process efficiency. As a result of the water treatment plants construction in Diuny and Molodezhnoe settlements the concentrations of iron, manganese and barium in the water supplied to the public water supply system meet the standards. The quality of drinking water meets not only Russian but also European standards.
Lysova T. I., Alekseeva I. V., Perednia T. V., Rublevskaya O. N.
evaluation of the results of the amendments of «The rules of cold water supply and wastewater disposal» adopted in 2016 in relation to the customers of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» is presented. The successive approximation of the Russian requirements to the wastewater composition and properties set with the purpose of preventing the negative impact on the public wastewater disposal systems with similar European requirements is shown. The novations coming into effect from January 1, 2019 of Federal Law No. 219-FZ «On the amendments to the Federal Law «On environmental protection» and separate enactments of the Russian Federation» and Federal Law No. 225-FZ of July 29, 2017 «On the amendments to the Federal Law «On water supply and wastewater disposal» and separate enactments of the Russian Federation» related to the system of the wastewater utilities introducing the best available techniques are stated. The prospects of the future development of the environmental regulations and legislation on water supply and wastewater disposal in relation to the regulation of the discharges by wastewater utilities and discharges to the public wastewater disposal systems by the customers are stated.
Rublevskaya O. N., Lominoga O. A., Keish V. S., Protasovskii E. M.
The project of the wastewater treatment facilities for Molodezhnoe Settlement of the Kurort District of Saint-Petersburg is presented. The wastewater treatment facilities include: the main pumping station, a combined mechanical wastewater treatment unit, an equalizing tank, a bioreactor (aeration tank operating the technology of nitri-denitrification) for enhanced nitrogen removal, a membrane bioreactor, an effluent UV-disinfection plant, a screw press for excess activated sludge dewatering. Separation of activated sludge and effluent is provided by three blocks each containing 8 membrane filtration modules each with a capacity of 104 m3/day. In the given project the membrane bioreactor acts as a secondary settling tank and tertiary treatment facilities. To provide for enhanced phosphorus removal aluminium sulphate is dosed at the biological treatment stage. Disinfected effluent is discharged through the outfall into the Gulf of Finland. Dewatered excess activated sludge is transported by trucks to the sludge incineration plant of the Northern Wastewater Treatment Plant. Gas emissions generated in the process of wastewater treatment are cleaned in a sorption-plasmacatalytic unit and a biofilter. The technology designed in the project provides for enhanced treatment of wastewater and gas emissions resulting in the significant improvement of the environment in the Kurort District of Saint-Petersburg.
Rublevskaya O. N., Vasiliev B. V., Protasovskii E. M., Petrov S. V.
Best practices of processing and utilization of wastewater sludge at the wastewater treatment facilities of Saint-Petersburg is presented. Centrifuging is used as the main dewatering technology. The dewatering equipment for 40 years has been continuously upgraded; at present decanters – latest generation equipment are used that provide for 72–75% dewatered sludge moisture content and sludge incineration without any fuel addition. All sludge generated at the municipal treatment facilities in the city is incinerated at three incineration plants. Sludge is incinerated in fluidized bed furnaces at 800–850 °С. Ash after sludge incineration is classified as hazard class IV. The amount of sludge is reduced 12-fold. As a result storing dewatered sludge at special landfills was abandoned; consequently the need of constructing new ones was no longer valid. Flue gas cleaning is carried out by wet scrubbing (incineration plants at the Central Wastewater Treatment Facilities and South-Western Wastewater Treatment Facilities) and dry scrubbing. At present the project of upgrading the incineration plant at the Central Wastewater Treatment Facilities has been designed.
Hyamyalyainen M. M., Malikova E. V., Rusanova E. V.
Public water supply and wastewater disposal systems in inhabited territories have been an important element of the social and economic development of separate regions and entire Russia. At present part of the Russian population not only in remote communities but in big cities are not provided with public water supply and wastewater disposal services. Within the frames of implementing «The scheme of water supply and wastewater disposal of Saint-Petersburg for the period up to 2025 including the prospects up to 2030» approved by St. Petersburg’s Government Resolution of December 11, 2013 No. 989 designing and constructing networks and facilities of public water supply and wastewater disposal is carried out in the territories where they are not available. The specific features in relation to performing works in the territories with developed housing are stated. Description of these specific features and solution approaches can be helpful in performing similar works in other regions of Russia.

References: V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V.

 V.