Source: https://es.scribd.com/document/335999618/SCRA-Nursing-Law-RA-9173
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 18:58:03+00:00

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centers because an executive order of this tenor cannot be issued under R.A.
and is offered in the spirit of George Santayanas advice to remember the past to avoid being condemned to its repetition.A. however. 8981 (the PRC Law). Likewise. even for a time. hence.  I am providing a fuller account of the background of the case based on parallel official developments. can be invoked where no compelling reason exists for a direct resort to this Court. It is for this compelling reason that I have tackled in this Separate Concurring Opinion the alternative and (while not fully determinative of the issue of the validity of EO 566) the related issues of: (1) whether the business of review centers can be the subject of regulation. is not based on the charter of the CHED. This is unfortunate under the circumstances since the invalidity of using R. as a rule.Section 5 of this law defines the PRCs primary mandate. The principle. all of them related to the root of the present issue the nursing exam scandal of 2006. which governmental authority has been vested with jurisdiction by law. 7722 as the legal basis. without saying more on what can be a viable alternative. if so. on what legal basis. The Background Facts The Office of the Solicitor General (OSG) objects to the filing of the present petition directly with this Court. 7722 I hold the view that the President has sufficient legal basis to regulate review centers and could have done so under an existing validly delegated authority. In this regard. a compelling reason does exist as the ponencia properly noted.A. 7722. (2) if so. This background albeit footnoted because they do not all directly affect the present case may lead to a fuller appreciation of the case and the view I am putting forward.A. 8981. which is to establish and maintain a high . not R. from regulation.A. The law dealing with leakage and manipulation of licensure examinations is Republic Act No. However. based on the principle of hierarchy of courts. This authority.A. to achieve the same end.opportunities. but under R. there are no major issues of fact that are essentially for the trial or lower courts to handle as triers of facts. direct resort to this Court is justified. the issuance of EO 566 on the basis of R. 7722 was an illegal act of subordinate legislation undertaken without statutory basis. R. at the petitioners urging and based on the implicit stance of all other parties to take judicial notice of the background facts. hence. appropriate to the PRC. can leave a major player in the Philippine licensure examination process immune.  The President Has Legal Basis to Regulate. and (3) again.
public and private. That. the Commission is also authorized to require the completion of a refresher course where the examinee has failed to pass three (3) times. That. this shall be held only on weekdays: Provided. unethical. Powers. offering courses for licensure examinations. with copies of sample test questions on examinations recently conducted by the Commission and copies of the syllabi or terms of specifications of subjects for licensure examinations. use publicly or privatelyowned buildings and facilities for examination purposes. further. xxxx (s) To investigate motu proprio or upon the filing of a verified complaint. functions. publish the list of successful examinees. who have been trained by the Commission for the purpose and who shall be entitled to a reasonable daily allowance for every examination day actually attended. appoint supervisors and room watchers from among the employees of the government and/or private individuals with baccalaureate degrees. finally. unprofessional. approve the results of examinations and the release of the same. immoral or dishonorable conduct. adopt measures to preserve the integrity and inviolability of licensure examinations. colleges and universities. except as otherwise provided by law. and impose the penalty of suspension or prohibition from taking licensure examinations to any examinee charged and found guilty of violating the rules and regulations governing the conduct of licensure examinations promulgated by the Commission. any member of the Professional Regulatory Boards for neglect of duty. incompetence.standard of admission to the practice of all professions and at all times ensure and safeguard the integrity of all licensure examinations. and responsibilities of the Commission are as follows: xxxx (d) To administer and conduct the licensure examinations of the various regulatory boards in accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission. determine and fix the places and dates of examinations. functions and responsibilities under Section 7 of the law include: Section 7. provide schools. Functions and Responsibilities of the Commission. commission of . at least one (1) examination shall be held on weekdays (Monday to Friday): Provided. That. when there are two (2) or more examinations given in a year. Some of the PRCs powers. to be determined and fixed by the Commission. The powers. if only one (1) examination is given in a year. conduct more than one (1) licensure examination: Provided.
(a) Any person who manipulates or rigs licensure examination results. to revoke or suspend their certificates of registration and professional licenses/identification cards and to recommend to the President of the Philippines their suspension or removal from office as the case may be.irregularities in the licensure examinations which taint or impugn the integrity and authenticity of the results of the said examinations and. be punished by imprisonment of not less than six (6) years and one (1) day to not more than twelve (12) years or a fine of not less than Fifty thousand pesos (P50. upon conviction. together with the representatives of the various Professional Regulatory Boards and accredited professional organizations. and the CHED shall prepare and promulgate the necessary rules and regulations needed to implement the provisions of this Act. secretly informs or makes known licensure examination questions prior to the conduct of the examination or tampers with the grades in professional licensure examinations shall. the various professional regulatory laws. To be valid. if found guilty. Section 15 of the PRC Law provides: Section 15. Within ninety (90) days after the approval of this Act. xxxx (y) To perform such other functions and duties as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. decrees. Implementing rules and Regulations. the Professional Regulation Commission. Another critical power under Section 17 of the law is the authority to promulgate the necessary rules and regulations needed to implement its provisions. Penalties for Manipulation and Other Corrupt Practices in the Conduct of Professional Examinations.000. Section 17.00) to not more than One hundred thousand pesos (P100.000. the DBM. this authority must be exercised on the basis of a policy that the law wishes to enforce and of sufficient standards that mark the limits of the .00) or both such imprisonment and fine at the discretion of the court. executive orders and other administrative issuance Complementing these mandates are the penal provisions giving teeth to the PRCs regulatory powers.
because of the role they have assumed and the reliance on them by examinees. and their involvement can neither be downplayed nor ignored. To some exam candidates. The State recognizes the important role of professionals in nation-building and. both policy and standards are therefore present as required by law and jurisprudence. given the above-described experience with the nursing board examination leakage and the terms of the PRC Law. whether true or not. have become active participants in the licensure examination process. promotes the sustained development of a sustained reservoir of professionals whose competence has been determined by honest and credible licensure examinations and whose standards of professional service and practice are internationally recognized and considered world-class brought by the regulatory measures. Thus. These services include the provision of review materials. Review centers. In these lights. programs and activities that foster professional growth and advancement. boost their confidence come examination time. Not the least of the considerations. Statement of Policy. and final coaching just before the actual examination date. these services have become security blankets that.legislatures delegation of authority. Board examinees now undergo review preparatory to licensure examinations as a matter of accepted practice. and pay considerable sums to avail themselves of the services review centers offer. towards this end. the integrity and effectiveness of review centers are now basic considerations in ensuring an honest and credible licensure examination system. of course. the regulation of review centers is a . Whether review centers can be the legitimate subjects of PRC regulation. practice examinations to simulate the actual exam environment. lectures on examination methods. The completeness of this delegation is evidenced by the PRC Laws policy statement which provides: Section 2. is not a hard question to answer. PRC experiences in the last few years attest to this reality. Read together with the grant of powers and functions under Section 5 (particularly the statement that the Commission shall establish and maintain a high standard of admission to the practice of all professions and at all times ensure and safeguard the integrity of all licensure examinations). is that the review center industry has now become a billion-peso industry with sufficient means and resources for the corrupt elements of the industry to subvert the integrity and reputation of the licensure examinations.
unlike the CHED. the President may directly exercise a power statutorily given to any of his subordinates. The power of control refers to the power of an officer to alter. nullify. To regulate review centers under the PRC law. as what happened in the old case of Araneta v. Can the President transfer the power of regulation granted the PRC to CHED? This question essentially arises under the premise that review centers fall under the PRC's mandate so that there is no gap in the law. or set aside what a subordinate officer has done in the performance of his duties. Thus. another EO appropriate to the PRC and its structure under the PRC law will have to be prepared and issued. . as Chief Executive. Nor can the EO be revived by simply re-issuing it. and offices. bureaus. in so opting. and the President. he cannot be said to be acting beyond the scope of his authority. Gatmaitan. in the exercise of her power of control.  Under this power.  where President Ramon Magsaysay himself directly exercised the authority granted by Congress to the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources to promulgate rules and regulations concerning trawl fishing. and to substitute the judgment of the former for that of the latter. Can this presidential authority be now cited as basis to argue for the validity of EO 566? The short and quick answer is no. because the disputed EO does not even invoke the PRC Law as its legal basis. bureaus or offices even in the exercise of discretionary authority. can regulate review centers. The President. Torres when we said that the President. citing the PRC Law and the authority of the President of the Philippines to issue regulations. can very well disregard or do away with the action of the departments. has the power of control over all the executive departments. We similarly ruled in Bermudez v. the PRC has the requisite authority or mandate under the PRC Modernization Law to regulate the establishment and operation of review centers. being the head of the Executive Department.must for the PRC. modify. given its duty to adopt measures that will preserve the integrity and inviolability of licensure examinations.
Chapter 10. which states: Sec. this was what happened in the present case. however. subject to the policy in the Executive Office and in order to achieve simplicity. . Title III. consolidating or merging units thereof or transferring functions from one unit to another. Continuing Authority of the President to Reorganize his Office. For this purpose.The President. The valid grant of the authority to issue subordinate legislation to the PRC and the exercise of this power by the President as the head of the executive department of government. and to assign these to another agency within the executive branch. Chapter 2. through EO 566. do not extend to the authority of the President to take control of the PRCs powers under the PRC Law. 31. defined under Section 2. Book III of EO 292. including the immediate Offices. the President. he may take any of the following actions: (1) Restructure the internal organization of the Office of the President Proper. took control of the PRCs authority to issue subordinate .The statutory support for this authority is provided under Section 31 (2). The Presidents direct exercise of the power of subordinate legislation is done via the issuance of an executive or administrative order. Effectively. (2) Transfer any function under the Office of the President to any other Department or Agency as well as transfer functions to the Office of the President from other Departments and Agencies. 292. economy and efficiency. as an ordinance issued by the President providing for rules of a general or permanent character in the implementation or execution of constitutional or statutory powers. shall have continuing authority to reorganize the administrative structure of the Office of the President. otherwise known as the Administrative Code of 1987 (EO 292). the Presidential Special Assistants/Advisers System and the Common staff Support System. and (3) Transfer any agency under the Office of the President to any other department or agency as well as transfer agencies to the Office of the President from other departments or agencies. by abolishing. Book III of Executive Order No.
can assume the functions of any of the departments or agencies under the Executive Department. No general statutory nor constitutional authority exists. and transferred this power to the CHED. ARTURO D. This proceeds from the power of control the Constitution grants to the President.. the PRC) under the jurisdiction of another (the CHED). Additionally. 140959.legislation to regulate review centers. et al. or from the departments and agencies to the Office of the President. .R. When the PRC Law granted the power of subordinate legislation to the PRC. December 21. however. As the cited reorganization powers of the President show. Lagata. Even then. expressed in the Latin maxim potestas delegata non delegare potest. This conclusion necessarily impacts on the validity of the CHEDs issuance of the RIRR and other instruments which must similarly be invalid since they sprang from an invalid and impermissible sub-delegation of power. reduced or increased. EO 566 placed entities subject to the jurisdiction of a particular agency (in this case. as the delegate. The reason for this is obvious the jurisdiction of a particular department or agency is provided for by law and this jurisdiction may not be modified. G. the mandate was given to this agency (and under the control powers of the President. Thus. What has once been delegated by Congress can no longer be further delegated by the original delegate to another. 2004. 447 SCRA 417. This is an illegal sub-delegation of delegated power. only the President. the President cannot transfer these functions to another agency without transgressing the legislative prerogatives of Congress. BRION Associate Justice  See: Rubenito. No. the faithful fulfillment of this mandate is a duty that the PRC itself. to the President by necessary implication) as the original delegate. I therefore vote to invalidate EO 566 and the issuances arising from this EO. v. based on her constitutionally-provided control powers. allowing the President to transfer the functions of one department or agency to another. via a mere executive order except to the extent that the law allows. the statutorily-allowed transfer of functions refers to those from the Office of the President to the departments and agencies. must perform using its own judgment and not the intervening mind of another. et al.
After computing the grades of the examinees pursuant to the established rule under the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 (R. the PRC approved Resolution No. 9173. G. the original passing rate of 41. No. specifically. 1996. As a result of the re-computation. conducted a legislative inquiry on the leakage controversy. Sumile. while ruling that the remaining 80 questions are sufficient to measure the examinees competency for the subject covered by Test III. Far East Bank & Trust Company v. the Professional Regulations Commission (PRC).  Rollo. Various groups. and Michael Angelo S. 4.186 examinees who were purportedly borderline cases.687 examinees who flunked under the original computation became passers as borderline cases. The PRC approved the report of the investigating body. some were even issued licenses. Rene Luis M. G. v. 358 SCRA 335. The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) conducted a parallel investigation.24% rose to 42. in coordination with the Board of Nursing (BON). the 1. on the other hand. Jr.  On June 11-12. concerned about the integrity and reputation of the professional nursing examination. 31 (Resolution 31) of the BON that: (1) invalidated 20 of the 100 questions in Test III. administered the Philippine Nurse Licensure Examination covering five (5) nursing subjects. Earl Francis R. April 1. Tadle. 116941. and (2) ordered the recomputation of the grades in Test V under a statistical treatment to tone down the upward pull of the leakage. The investigating body recommended. 256 SCRA 15.24% of the total number of examinees passed. May 31.186 previously borderline cases became flunkers.821 purportedly successful examinees.42%. Antiporda. 41.A. 2006. 2001. Allegations of leakage in two (2) tests Tests III and IV however plagued the licensure examination. including 1. the Senate. expressed their opposition against the manner the PRC addressed the leakage and asked the PRC to reconsider Resolution 31.R. To prevent the PRC from further administering the oaths and issuing professional licenses to the purported successful examinees. Sections 14 & 15 thereof) giving equal weight to all the examinable subjects. Sandiganbayan. This prompted the PRC to constitute a committee to investigate the reported leakage. No. The PRC nevertheless scheduled and started administering the oaths for the 17. Court of Appeals. The PRC investigating body found that leakages occurred in Tests III and V. p. while 1. the filing of criminal charges against the examiners BON members Madeja (for Test III) and Dionisio (for Test V). 20 of the 100 questions in Test III and 90 of the 100 questions in Test V were found to have been leaked to the examinees by certain nursing review centers days prior to the scheduled exam. 123569.R. To address the leakage problem. Brant (all from the . among others.
filed their respective motions for intervention to oppose the petition for prohibition. The importance also of the subject area covered by Test V was allegedly disregarded when it was given a weight lesser than the others. the PRC and the BON however based the ratings of examinees for Test V not on the result of an actual. anchored their petition on the ground that the PRC and the BON reneged on their ministerial duty under the law to compute the grades of examinees based on the actual results from each of the five test subjects. in a manner of speaking. et al. after the game has been played. and nullify and set aside the oath administered or caused to be administered by the PRC on supposed passing examinees. 2006 of those who purportedly passed the June x x x examinations for nursing licensure.R. and the filing of the parties memoranda. and honest examination in Test V. The Presidential Task Force on National Licensure Examination (NCLEX) for Nurses in the Philippines (the Task Force) joined the petition and additionally asked for a writ of certiorari to: annul Resolution 31. As additional ground. nullify the declaration of the passing examinees for lack of basis. 95709) asking the appellate court to enjoin the implementation of Resolution 31 and the oath-taking of the declared passers. SP NO. The case followed its usual course the filing of comments. the PRC BON changed the rules of computing the ratings for passing examinees. that based on the combined application of Sections 14 and 15 of the Philippine Nursing ACT of 2002. the petitioners drew a distinction between the 2003 bar examination controversy and the nursing leakage issue. the President promulgated Executive Order No.University of Santo Tomas. hearings on the merits. During the pendency of the case.) filed on August 16. Various groups of examinees who alleged to have honestly passed the exam. true. Tadle. 566 (EO 566) whose constitutionality is now assailed in the present petition directing the Commission on Higher . To the petitioners. hereinafter Tadle. The case drew several interventions both for and against the petition for prohibition. At almost the same time. Tadle. 565 (EO 565) which transferred the oversight functions of the Office of the President over the PRC to the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) by attaching the PRC to the DOLE for general direction and coordination (This was later superseded by Executive Order No. invalidate Tests III and V and conduct a new examination for these subjects. on the other hand. et al. asked the appellate court to issue a temporary restraining order (TRO) and a preliminary injunction. The appellate court issued on August 18. 2006 with the Court of Appeals (CA) a petition for prohibition(docketed CAG. the PRC and the BON has the duty to compute the scores of the examinees based on the actual results of the tests for the five areas. et al. 2006 a TRO directing the PRC and the BON to CEASE and DESIST from enforcing Resolution 31 and from proceeding with the oath-taking scheduled on August 22. the President promulgated Executive Order No. 565-A defining the extent of the DOLEs authority over the PRC).
The President at almost the same time undertook a total overhaul of the BONs membership. too. and propriety of their operations. 2) To restore the names of the 1. the NBI concluded its investigation and found. and reporting mechanisms to review performance and ethical practice.R.24% successful examinees as herein reconstituted. that the leakage occurred only in Manila and Baguio and that the leakage of the test questions was perpetrated by the Gapuz. and Royal Pentagon Review Centers through the final coaching sessions these centers conducted two days prior to the scheduled exam. Under Section 1 of EO 566. and guidelines for the establishment.Education (CHED) to regulate the establishment and operation of review centers and similar entities. Series of 2006 as null and void. 2006 Nursing Licensure Examination. .24% of successful examinees. was directed to formulate a framework for the regulation of review centers and similar entities. the CHED. operation. and accreditation of review centers and similar entities.186 successful examinees and include them again in the list of 41. the respondents are hereby directed: 1) To conduct a selective retaking in Tests III and V among the 1. 31. Granting further the incidental reliefs required under the premises. In the meantime. maintenance of a mechanism to monitor the adequacy. 95709 on October 13. standards. and 3) To cause the oath taking and issuance of licenses to all of the 41. a Writ of Prohibition is hereby issued permanently enjoining the respondents from implementing said resolution. Declaring Resolution No. in consultation with other concerned government agencies. Its dispositive portion reads: WHEREFORE. The CA rendered its decision in CA-G. SP NO. among others. transparency. 2006. Under the EO 566. no review center or similar entity shall be established and/or operate review classes without the favorable expressed indorsement of the CHED and without the issuance of the necessary permits or authorizations to conduct review classes.24% who actually passed the June 11 and 12.687 examinees whose names were merely added to the unaltered list of 41. Inress. the petition is GRANTED. including but not limited to the development and institutionalization of policies.
On November 3. Thus. et al. ruled that the licenses of those who attended the final coaching sessions at Gapuz. filed a petition for certiorari with the Supreme Court assailing: (1) the act of the CA in allegedly improperly allowing its ponente to compel the PRC and the BON into letting the supposedly successful examinees take their oaths and their licenses although the decision in their favor has not yet become final. The CA thus annulled Resolution 31 for having been issued with grave abuse of discretion. Under Rule 7.This disquisition is without prejudice to respondents and the executive branchs revoking the licenses issued to examinees who may eventually be identified as among those who attended the final coaching sessions at Gapuz. It added that the applicable rule on computation should be the pre-Resolution 31 formulae. however. and (2) the CAs October 13. 2006.24% successful examinees. The Court thereafter denied with finality the Tadle. ordered the PRC to cause the oath-taking and issuance of licenses to all of the 41. The CA at the same time prohibited the implementation of Resolution 31. the CHED issued MEMORANDUM ORDER No. the next day October 27. CA Justice Vicente Veloso verbally indicated that execution of the CA decision can take place and that the PRC may be held in contempt of court for not administering the oaths to the successful examinees. Series of 2006 (CMO 49). the petitioners filed a motion for reconsideration of the appellate courts October 13 Decision. to the appellate court. colleges or universities established/created by the State. Finally. 49. 2006 decision.2 of CMO 49. the effect of the leakage was insignificant so that the resolution should not have been in the first place issued. and Pentagon review centers may be revoked by the PRC. or by operation of law. however. or (b) Consortium/consortia of qualified HEIs and PRC-recognized Professional . or private HEIs granted recognition by the CHED. BON or the executive branch. It likewise found no basis for a wholesale retake of Tests III and V of the licensure examination. and on this basis and as incidental relief. On October 16 2006.s motion for reconsideration of the dismissal of their SC petition. Inress and Pentagon review centers. Tadle. 2006 the PRC started administering the oaths and issuing the license to those who passed as defined by the CA decision. the appellate court. et al. was dismissed by the Court on a technicality. The petition for certiorari. Inress. an applicant for authority to establish and operate a review center must either be: (a) schools. At the conciliation hearing. taking into account the findings of the NBI. SO ORDERED. A DOLE-initiated attempt at conciliation failed.
and. via the present petition. on May 7. 2007 (the RIRR). the June 2006 nursing board passers were given to enhance their employability the option of voluntarily retaking the equivalent of Tests III and V of the nurse licensure examination. and (2) the designation throughout the country of special review centers to be conducted by centers of excellence in nursing or nursing schools with high passing rates where the voluntary retakers may avail themselves of free nursing board review. 2007. the conclusion of the legal battle did not write finis to the hurdles the June 2006 nursing board examinees had to surpass. The CHED extended the 1-year grace period provided under the RIRR for the existing review centers compliance for six (6) months under CMO 55. Meanwhile. and be deemed as operating illegally as such. The CGFNS noted in its statement though that the June 2006 passers may overcome this bar and qualify for a Visa Screen Certificate by taking the equivalent of Tests 3 and 5 on a future licensing examination administered by Philippine regulatory authorities and obtaining a passing score. consortium of HEIs and PRC-recognized Professional Association or convert as a school and apply for the course covered by the review. Under Rule 15 of CMO 49. 2007. to assail the constitutionality of the EO 566 and the RIRR. Series of 2008 extended the deadline for another six (6) months. no permit as required by CMO 49 for operation and establishment will ever be given them and this will bar them from existing as review centers. the RIRR and CMO 21. issued onNovember 19. the CHED under CMO 21. Subsequently. in this connection. s. .Association. The President reacted by promulgating Executive Order No. Series of 2007. Series of 2007. It was at this point that the petitioner association of independent review centers came to us. existing review centers are given a grace period of one (1) year to tie-up/be integrated with existing HEIs. Otherwise. 2007. On February 14. the Commission on Graduate of Foreign Nursing Schools (CGFNS) of the United States of America issued a press release/statement essentially saying that the Philippine nurses sworn in as licensed nurses in the Philippines following their passing the compromised licensure exam of June 2006 shall not be eligible for VisaScreen Certificate (a requirement in order that a Philippine nurse may engage in her profession in the United States of America). 2008. it urged the Philippine authorities to provide an opportunity for re-take of tests without surrender of license. The government assistance given to those who shall opt to voluntarily retake Tests III and V are as follows: (1) the PRC was directed to waive the collection of the usual examination fees. without the risk of revocation of their professional licenses. 609 (EO 609) on March 12. The CHED revised CMO 49 when it issued CMO 30. Under EO 609. We issued a Resolution requiring the parties to observe the status quo prevailing before the issuance of EO 566.
G.  CONSTITUTION. This is an illegal subdelegation of delegated power . 124360. 328 (1957). No. November 5. G. November 30. Teachers (August 2004). 1999.  G. and Civil Engineers (November 2007).  See: Tatad v. August 4. p. through EO 566. Section 17. 9 SCRA 619.R. 91. Reyes. Philippine Political Law (2002).   United States v. entitled Creating the Professional Regulation Commission. No. 311 SCRA 733. 131429. An Act Modernizing the Professional Regulation Commission. Castillo. No.  See Ang-Angco v. 1997. See Cruz. 104 Phil. Article VII. 1963.  The PRC acted on the anomalies that allegedly marred the following licensure examinations for: Physicians (February 1993). 281 SCRA 330.R. and Prescribing its Powers and Functions. 11 Phil 327 (1908). and for Other Purposes. took control of the PRCs authority to issue subordinate legislation to regulate review centers. Case Interpretation: This case happened that the President. on the tests for a valid delegation of legislative powers. Barrias. Repealing for the Purpose Presidential Decree Number Two Hundred and Twenty-Three. Secretary of the Department of Energy.  101 Phil. citing Hebron v.R. Marine Deck Officers (June 2002). 175 (1958). L-17169. and transferred this power to the CHED.
A.A. and (3) again. He finds it unfortunate that R.A. Associate Justice Brion questioned 3 issues regarding validity of EO 566. hence.A. the EO 566 and the instruments derived from this EO should be declared invalid and at the same time. He claims that EO 566 is invalid as a regulatory measure over review centers because an executive order of this tenor cannot be issued under R. Associate Justice Brion also objects the view that the President has sufficient legal basis to regulate review centers and could have done so under an existing validly delegated authority. without saying more on what can be a viable alternative. 8981 could have provided opportunities. otherwise known as The PRC Modernization Act of 2000. 7722. 7722 (The Higher Education Act of 1994). 7722 was an illegal act of subordinate legislation undertaken without statutory basis. which governmental authority has been vested with jurisdiction by law. the issuance of EO 566 on the basis of R.According to Associate Justice Brion. when R. can leave a major player in the Philippine licensure examination process immune from regulation. R. to achieve the same end and the circumstances since the invalidity of using R.A. 7722 as the legal basis. the PRC has the power. on what legal basis. if so. He allegedly insisted that the EO 566 was not based on the charter of the CHED.Section 5 of this law defines the PRCs primary mandate. 7722 was made the basis for the regulation of review centers. appropriate to the PRC. 8981 (the PRC Law). the law maintains that the President of the Philippines has adequate powers under the law to regulate review centers. (2) if so. According to the Law. both policy and standards are therefore present as required by law and jurisprudence. The law dealing with leakage and manipulation of licensure examinations is Republic Act No. Based on the Section 5 (particularly the statement that the Commission shall establish and maintain a high standard of admission to the practice of all professions and at all times ensure and safeguard the integrity of all licensure examinations). the PRC Modernization Act of 2000. which is to establish and maintain a high standard of admission to the practice of all professions and at all times ensure and safeguard the integrity of all licensure examinations. functions and responsibilities to administer and conduct the licensure examinations of the various regulatory boards in accordance with the rules and regulations by the Commission.A. 8981. These are (1) whether the business of review centers can be the subject of regulation. .A. The appropriate existing law to regulate review centers is R.
With all the reasons given and showing all the policies based on the law. entitled Creating the Professional Regulation Commission. power and responsibilities to handle with regards to licenses and other areas related to licensure exam including the review centers that will help the nursing student to refresh their minds related to the nursing subjects.judiciary. Associate Justice Brion vote to invalid the EO 566 and all the issuance arising to the said EO.gov. I have read all the policies and law given in this case and I believe that the Profession Regulation Commission has all the authority. as a nurse. Hopefully. Repealing for the Purpose Presidential Decree Number Two Hundred and Twenty-Three. For me. The decision from the court is ongoing and will still waiting for the final decision from the Supreme Court. and for Other Purposes Retrieval date: December 10. and Prescribing its Powers and Functions. 2015 References: http://sc. this will push through since the previous law was very clearly and organized before the EO 566 was implemented.htm .  An Act Modernizing the Professional Regulation Commission. Case Analysis: I agree with Associate Justice Brion. I will agree to invalid the EO 566 since we already implemented the PRC Modernization Act 2000 that was already implemented from the very start.ph/jurisprudence/2009/april2009/180046_brion.

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