Source: http://net.lib.byu.edu/~rdh7/wwi/1918p/locarno.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 18:25:46+00:00

Document:
Signed at Locarno, October 6, 1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; registered with the Secretariat, League of Nations, September 14,1926.
The representatives of the German, Belgian, British, French, Italian, Polish and Czechoslovak Governments, who have met at Locarno from October 5 to 16, 1923, in order to seek by common agreement means for preserving their respective nations from the scourge of war and for providing for the peaceful settlement of disputes of every nature which might eventually arise between them.
Treaty between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain, and Italy (Annex A).
Arbitration convention between Germany and Belgium (Annex B).
Arbitration convention between Germany and France (Annex C).
Arbitration treaty between Germany and Poland ( Annex D).
Arbitration treaty between Germany and Czechoslovakia (Annex E).
These instruments, hereby initialed ne varietur, will bear today's date, the representatives of the interested parties agreeing to meet in London on December 1 next, to proceed during the course of a single meeting to the formality of the signature of the instruments which affect them.
The Minister for Foreign Affairs of France states that as a result of the draft arbitration treaties mentioned above, France, Poland and Czechoslovakia have also concluded at Locarno draft agreements in order reciprocally to assure to themselves the benefit of the said treaties. These agreements will be duly deposited at the League of Nations, but M. Briand holds copies forthwith at the disposal of the powers represented here.
The Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of Great Britain proposes that, in reply to certain requests for explanations concerning Art. 16 of the Covenant of the League of Nations presented by the Chancellor and the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Germany, a letter, of which the draft is similarly attached (Annex F), should be addressed to them at the same time as the formality of signature of the above-mentioned instruments takes place. This proposal is agreed to.
The representatives of the Governments represented here declare their firm conviction that the entry into force of these treaties and conventions will contribute greatly to bring about a moral relaxation of the tension between nations [sic] that it will help powerfully toward the solution of many political or economic problems in accordance with the interests and sentiments of peoples, and that, in strengthening peace and security in Europe, it will hasten on effectively the disarmament provided for in Art. 8 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
They undertake to give their sincere cooperation to the work relating to disarmament already undertaken by the League of Nations and to seek the realization thereof in a general agreement.
Done at Locarno, October 16, 1925.
Treaty of Mutual Guaranty Between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Italy.
Initialed at Locarno, October 16,1925; signed at London. December 1,1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; ratifications deposited with Secretariat, League of Nations, by Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain, Italy, September 14,1926; entered into force, September 14, 1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14,1926.
ART. 2. Germany and Belgium, and also Germany and France, mutually undertake that they will in no case attack or invade each other or resort to war against each other.
"ART. 42. Germany is forbidden to maintain or construct any fortifications either on the left bank of the Rhine or on the right bank to the west of a line drawn 50 kilometers to the east of the Rhine.
"ART. 43. In the area defined above the maintenance and the assembly of armed forces, either permanently or temporarily, and military maneuvers of any kind, as well as the upkeep of all permanent works of mobilization, are in the same way forbidden."
"ART. 44. In case Germany violates in any manner whatever the provisions of Arts. 42 and 43, she shall be regarded as committing a hostile act against the powers signatory of the present treaty and as calculated to disturb the peace of the world."
2. The Members of the League of Nations under this article undertake to sever all trade or financial relations with and to take other similar measures against any Member of the League which resorts to war in disregard of the provisions of Arts. 12, 19 or 15 of the Covenant. By Art. 12 the Members of the League agree that any dispute likely to lead to a rupture shall be submitted to arbitration or judicial settlement or to inquiry. Art. 13 deals with the arbitral method and Art. 15 with the inquiry method.
3. The situation contemplated in this clause relates to the procedure of inquiry by the Council in the case of a dispute likely to lead to a rupture. If the Council is so seized of the matter, its first effort is to "endeavor to effect a settlement." If the dispute is not thus settled, the Council publishes its recommendations and the pertinent facts. If this report is unanimously agreed to by the disinterested members of the Council, "the Members of the League agree that they will not go to war with any party to the dispute which complies with the recommendations of the report."
Paragraph 7 reads: "If the Council fails to reach a report which is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof, other than the representatives of one or more parties to the dispute, the Members of the League reserve to themselves the right to take such action as they shall consider necessary for the maintenance of right and justice."
The stipulations of Par. 1 of Art. 2 shall not apply in case the Council of the League of Nations fails to produce a report unanimous except for representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute. Under these circumstances, the Members of the League reserve to themselves the right to take such action as they shall consider necessary for the maintenance of right and justice, which action is defined by the present treaty as "directed against the state which was the first to attack."
Any question with regard to which the parties are in conflict as to their respective rights shall be submitted to judicial decision, and the parties undertake to comply with such decision.
All other questions shall be submitted to a conciliation commission. If the proposals of this commission are not accepted by the two parties, the question shall be brought before the Council of the League of Nations, which will deal with it in accordance with Art. 15 of the Covenant of the League.
Art. 4. (1) If one of the High Contracting Parties alleges that a violation of Art. 2 of the present treaty or a breach of Arts. 42 or 43 of the treaty of Versailles has been or is being committed, it shall bring the question at once before the Council of the League of Nations.
2. As soon as the Council of the League of Nations is satisfied that such violation or breach has been committed, it will notify its finding without delay to the powers signatory of the present treaty, who severally agree that in such case they will each of them come immediately to the assistance of the power against whom the act complained of is directed.
3. In case of a flagrant violation of Art. 2 of the present treaty or of a flagrant breach of Arts. 42 or 43 of the treaty of Versailles by one of the High Contracting Parties, each of the other Contracting Parties hereby undertakes immediately to come to the help of the party against whom such a violation or breach has been directed as soon as the said power has been able to satisfy itself that this violation constitutes an unprovoked act of aggression and that by reason either of the crossing of the frontier or of the outbreak of hostilities or of the assembly of armed forces in the demilitarized zone immediate action is necessary. Nevertheless, the Council of the League of Nations, which will be seized of the question in accordance with the first paragraph of this article, will issue its findings, and the High Contracting Parties undertake to act in accordance with the recommendations of the Council provided that they are concurred in by all the members other than the representatives of the parties which have engaged in hostilities.
1 .The conventions referred to are Annexes B and C, infra.
and commits a violation of Art. 2 of the present treaty or a breach of Arts. 42 or 43 of the treaty of Versailles, the provisions of Art. 4 shall apply.
Where one of the powers referred to in Art. 8, without committing a violation of Art. 2 of the present treaty or a breach of Arts. 42 or 43 of the treaty of Versailles, refuses to submit a dispute to peaceful settlement or to comply with an arbitral or judicial decision, the other party shall bring the matter before the Council of the League of Nations, and the Council shall propose what steps shall be taken; the High Contracting Parties shall comply with these proposals.
ART. 7. The present treaty, which is designed to insure the maintenance of peace and is in conformity with the Covenant of the League of Nations, shall not be interpreted as restricting the duty of the League to take whatever action may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of the world.
ART. 8. The present treaty shall be registered at the League of Nations in accordance with the Covenant of the League. It shall remain in force until the Council, acting on a request of one or other of the High Contracting Parties notified to the other signatory powers three months in advance, and voting at least by a two-thirds majority, decides that the League of Nations insures sufficient protection to the High Contracting Parties; the treaty shall cease to have effect on the expiration of a period of one year from such decision.
ART. 9. The present treaty shall impose no obligation upon any of the British dominions, or upon India, unless the Government of such dominion, or of India, signifies its acceptance thereof.
ART. 10. The present treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be deposited at Geneva in the archives of the League of Nations as soon as possible.
It shall enter into force as soon as all the ratifications have been deposited and Germany has become a Member of the League of Nations.
The present treaty, done in a single copy, will be deposited in the archives of the League of Nations, and the Secretary-General will be requested to transmit certified copies to each of the High Contracting Parties.
1. The agreements putting into force the Experts' (Dawes) Plan. For texts see Reparation, Part VI, this Series, Vol. VIII, Nos. 54, p. 236.
In faith whereof the above-mentioned Plenipotentiaries have signed the present treaty.
EMILE VANDERVELDE. ARI. BRIAND. STANLEY BALDWIN. AUSTEN CHAMBERLAIN. B.M. 2 VITTORIO SCIALOJA.
1. The initials were affixed at Locarno. The signatures were affixed at London.
2. Benito Mussolini initialed at Locarno only.
Arbitration Convention Between Germany and Belgium.
lnitialed at Locarno October 16,1925; signed at London, December 1, 1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1926 - ratifications deposited with Secretariat, League of Nations, by Germany, Belgium, September 14, l926; entered into force, September 14,1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14, l926.
Charged by their respective Governments to determine the methods by which, as provided in Art. 3 of the treaty concluded this day between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Italy, a peaceful solution shall be attained of all questions which can not be settled amicably between Germany and Belgium.
This provision does not apply to disputes arising out of events prior to the present convention and belonging to the past.
Disputes for the settlement of which a special procedure is laid down in other conventions in force between Germany and Belgium shall be settled in conformity with the provisions of those conventions.
ART. 2. Before any resort is made to arbitral procedure or to procedure before the Permanent Court of International Justice, the dispute may, by agreement between the parties, be submitted with a view to amicable settlement to a permanent international commission styled the Permanent Conciliation Commission, constituted in accordance with the present convention.
ART. 3. In the case of a dispute the occasion of which, according to the municipal law of one of the parties, falls within the competence of the national courts of such party, the matter in dispute shall not be submitted to the procedure laid down in the present convention until a judgment with final effect has been pronounced, within a reasonable time, by the competent national judicial authority.
ART. 4. The Permanent Conciliation Commission mentioned in Art. 2 shall be composed of five members who shall be appointed as follows, that is to say: the German Government and the Belgian Government shall each nominate a commissioner chosen from among their respective nationals, and shall appoint, by common agreement, the three other commissioners from among the nationals of third powers; these three commissioners must be of different nationalities and the German and Belgian Governments shall appoint the president of the commission from among them.
The commissioners are appointed for three years, and their mandate is renewable. Their appointment shall continue until their replacement, and, in any case, until the termination of the work in hand at the moment of the expiry of their mandate. Vacancies which may occur as a result of death, resignation or any other cause shall be filled within the shortest possible time in the manner fixed for the nominations.
ART. 5. The Permanent Conciliation Commission shall be constituted within three months from the entry into force of the present convention.
"Disputes as to the interpretation of a treaty, as to any question of international law, as to the existence of any fact which, if established, would constitute a breach of any international obligation, or as to the extent and nature of the reparation to be made for any such breach, are declared to be among those which are generally suitable for submission to arbitration or judicial settlement.
case of the filling of a vacancy, within three months from the time when the seat falls vacant, the President of the Swiss Confederation shall, in the absence of other agreement, be requested to make the necessary appointments.
ART. 6. The Permanent Conciliation Commission shall be informed by means of a request addressed to the president by the two parties acting in agreement or, in the absence of such agreement, by one or other of the parties.
The request, after having given a summary account of the subject of the dispute, shall contain the invitation to the commission to take all necessary measures with a view to arrive at an amicable settlement.
If the request emanates from only one of the parties, notification thereof shall be made without delay to the other party.
ART. 7. Within 15 days from the date when the German Government or the Belgian Government shall have brought a dispute before the Permanent Conciliation Commission either party may, for the examination of the particular dispute, replace its commissioner by a person possessing special competence in the matter.
The party making use of this right shall immediately inform the other party; the latter shall in that case be entitled to take similar action within 15 days from the date when the notification reaches it.
ART. 8. The task of the Permanent Conciliation Commission shall be to elucidate questions in dispute, to collect with that object all necessary information by means of inquiry or otherwise, and to endeavor to bring the parties to an agreement. It may, after the case has been examined, inform the parties of the terms of settlement which seem suitable to it, and lay down a period within which they are to make their decision.
At the close of its labors the commission shall draw up a report stating, as the case may be, either that the parties have come to an agreement and, if need arises, the terms of the agreement, or that it has been impossible to effect a settlement.
The labors of the commission must, unless the parties otherwise agree, be terminated within six months from the day on which the commission shall have been notified of the dispute.
ART. 9. Failing any special provision to the contrary, the Permanent Conciliation Commission shall lay down its own procedure, which in any case must provide for both parties being heard. In regard to inquiries the commission, unless it decides unanimously to the contrary, shall act in accordance with the provisions of Chap. 3 (International Commissions of Inquiry) of the Hague convention of October 18, 1907,1 for the pacific settlement of international disputes.
1. The chapter referred to is reprinted in "Protocol of Arbitration, Security and Disarmament," Part II, this Series, Vol. VII. No. 8, p. 461. Arts. 10-36 of the chapter define procedure.
ART. 10. The Permanent Conciliation Commission shall meet, in the absence of agreement by the parties to the contrary, at a place selected by its president.
ART. 11. The labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission are not public, except when a decision to that effect has been taken by the commission with the consent of the parties.
ART. 12. The parties shall be represented before the Permanent Conciliation Commission by agents, whose duty it shall be to act as intermediary between them and the commission; they may, moreover, be assisted by counsel and experts appointed by them for that purpose, and request that all persons whose evidence appears to them useful should be heard. The commission, on its side, shall be entitled to request oral explanations from the agents, counsel and experts of the two parties, as well as from all persons it may think useful to summon with the consent of their Government.
ART. 13. Unless otherwise provided in the present convention, the decisions of the Permanent Conciliation Commission shall be taken by a majority.
ART. 14. The German and Belgian Governments undertake to facilitate the labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission, and particularly to supply it, to the greatest possible extent, with all relevant documents and information, as well as to use the means at their disposal to allow it to proceed in their territory and in accordance with their law to the summoning and hearing of witnesses or experts, and to visit the localities in question.
ART. 15. During the labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission each commissioner shall receive salary, the amount of which shall be fixed by agreement between the German and Belgian Governments, each of which shall contribute an equal share.
ART. 16. In the event of no amicable agreement being reached before the Permanent Conciliation Commission the dispute shall be submitted by means of a special agreement either to the Permanent Court of International Justice under the conditions and according to the procedure laid down by its Statutel or to an arbitral tribunal under the conditions and according to the procedure laid down by the Hague convention of October 18, 1907,2 for the pacific settlement of international disputes.
If the parties can not agree on the terms of the special agreement after a month's notice one or other of them may bring the dispute before the Permanent Court of International Justice by means of an application.
1. See "America and the Permanent Court of International Justice," this Series, Vol. V, No. 5, p. 364.
2. The procedure is set forth in Arts. 51-85 of the convention, this Series, Vol. VII, No. 8, p. 470.
ART. 17. All questions on which the German and Belgian Governments shall differ without being able to reach an amicable solution by means of the normal methods of diplomacy the settlement of which can not be attained by means of a judicial decision as provided in Art. l of the present convention, and for the settlement of which no procedure has been laid down by other conventions in force between the parties, be submitted to the Permanent Conciliation Commission, whose duty it shall be to propose to the parties an acceptable solution and in any case to present a report.
The procedure laid down in Arts. 6-15 of the present convention shall be applicable.
"If there should arise between Members of the League any dispute likely to lead to a rupture, which is not submitted to arbitration or to judicial settlement in accordance with Art. 13, the Members of the League agree that they will submit the matter to the Council. Any party to the dispute may effect such submission by giving notice of the existence of the dispute to the Secretary-General, who will make all necessary arrangements for a full investigation and consideration thereof.
"For this purpose the parties to the dispute will communicate to the Secretary-General, as promptly as possible, statements of their case, with all the relevant facts and papers, and the Council may forthwith direct the publication thereof.
"The Council shall endeavor to effect a settlement of the dispute and, if such efforts are successful, a statement shall be made public giving such facts and explanations regarding the dispute and the terms of settlement thereof as the Council may deem appropriate.
"If the dispute is not thus settled, the Council, either unanimously or by a majority vote, shall make and publish a report containing a statement of the facts of the dispute and the recommendations which are deemed just and proper in regard thereto.
"Any member of the League represented on the Council may make public a statement of the facts of the dispute and of its conclusions regarding the same.
"If a report by the Council is unanimously agreed to by the Members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League agree that they will not go to war with any party to the dispute which complies with the recommendations of the report.
"If the Council fails to reach a report which is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof, other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League reserve to themselves the right to take such action as they shall consider necessary for the maintenance of right and justice.
"If the dispute between the parties is claimed by one of them, and is found by the Council, to arise out of a matter which by international law is solely within the domestic jurisdiction of that party, the Council shall so report, and shall make no recommendation as to its settlement.
"The Council may in any case under this Article refer the dispute to the Assembly. The dispute shall be so referred at the request of either party to the dispute, provided that such request be made within fourteen days after the submission of the dispute to the Council.
"ln any case referred to the Assembly, all the provisions of this Article and of Art. 12 relating to the action and powers of the Council shall apply to the action and powers of the Assembly, provided that a report made by the Assembly, if concurred in by the Representatives of those Members of the League represented on the Council and of a majority of the other Members of the League, exclusive in each case of the Representatives of the parties to the dispute, shall have the same force as a report by the Council concurred in by all the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute."
ART. 19. In any case, and particularly if the question on which the parties differ arises out of acts already committed or on the point of commission, the Conciliation Commission or, if the latter has not been notified thereof, the arbitral tribunal or the Permanent Court of International Justice, acting in accordance with Art. 41 of its Statute,l shall lay down within the shortest possible time the provisional measures to be adopted. It shall similarly be the duty of the Council of the League of Nations, if the question is brought before it, to insure that suitable provisional measures are taken. The German and Belgian Governments undertake respectively to accept such measures, to abstain from all measures likely to have a repercussion prejudicial to the execution of the decision or to the arrangements proposed by the Conciliation Commission or by the Council of the League of Nations, and in general to abstain from any sort of action whatsoever which may aggravate or extend the dispute.
ART. 20. The present convention continues applicable as between Germany and Belgium, even when other powers are also interested in the dispute.
ART. 21. The present convention shall be ratified. Ratifications shall be deposited at Geneva with the League of Nations at the same time as the ratifications of the treaty concluded this day between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Italy.
It shall enter into and remain in force under the same conditions as the said treaty.
The present convention, done in a single copy, shall be deposited in the archives of the League of Nations, the Secretary-General of which shall be requested to transmit certified copies to each of the two contracting Governments.
"The Court shall have the power to indicate, if it considers that circumstances so require, any provisional measures which ought to be taken to reserve the respective rights of either party. "Pending the final decision, notice of the measures suggested shall forthwith be given to the parties and the Council."
Initialed at Locarno, October 16, 1925; signed at London, December 1, 1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; ratifications deposited with the Secretariat, League of Nations, by Germany, France, September 14, 1926; entered into force, September 14, 1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14, 1926.
Charged by their respective Governments to determine the methods by which, as provided in Art. 3 of the treaty concluded this day between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Italy, a peaceful solution shall be attained of all questions which can not be settled amicably between Germany and France.
Arbitration Treaty Between Germany and Poland.
Initialed at Locarno, October 16, 1925; signed at London, December 1, 1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; ratifications deposited with Secretariat, League of Nations, by Germany, Poland, September 14, 1926; entered into force, September 14, 1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14, 1926.
This provision does not apply to disputes arising out of events prior to the present treaty and belonging to the past.
Disputes for the settlement of which a special procedure is laid down in other conventions in force between the High Contracting Parties shall be settled in conformity with the provisions of those conventions.
ART. 2. Before any resort is made to arbitral procedure or to procedure before the Permanent Court of International Justice, the dispute may, by agreement between the parties, be submitted with a view to amicable settlement, to a permanent international commission, styled the Permanent Conciliation Commission, constituted in accordance with the present treaty.
"Disputes as to the interpretation of a treaty, as to any question of international law, as to the existence of any fact which, if established, would constitute a breach of any international obligation, or as to the extent and nature of the reparation to be made for any such breach, are declared to be among those which are generally suitable for submission to arbitration or judicial settlement."
ART. 3. In the case of a dispute the occasion of which, according to the municipal law of one of the parties, falls within the competence of the national courts of such party, the matter in dispute shall not be submitted to the procedure laid down in the present treaty until a judgment with final effect has been pronounced, within a reasonable time, by the competent national judicial authority.
ART. 4. The Permanent Conciliation Commission mentioned in Art. 2 shall be composed of five members, who shall be appointed as follows, that is to say: The High Contracting Parties shall each nominate a commissioner chosen from among their respective nationals, and shall appoint, by common agreement, the three other commissioners from among the nationals of third powers; those three commissioners must be of different nationalities, and the High Contracting Parties shall appoint the president of the commission from among them.
The commissioners are appointed for three years, and their mandate is renewable. Their appointment shall continue until their replacement, and in any case until the termination of the work in hand at the moment of the expiry of their mandate.
If the nomination of the commissioners to be appointed by common agreement should not have taken place within the said period, or, in the case of the filling of a vacancy, within three months from the time when the seat falls vacant, the President of the Swiss Confederation shall, in the absence of other agreement, be requested to make the necessary appointments.
ART. 6. The Permanent Conciliation Commission shall be informed by means of a request addressed to the president by the two parties acting in agreement, or, in the absence of such agreement, by one or other of the parties.
The request, after having given a summary account of the subject of the dispute, shall contain the invitation to the commission to take all necessary measures with a view to arrive at an amicable settlement. If the request emanates from only one of the parties, notification thereof shall be made without delay to the other party.
ART. 7. Within 15 days from the date when one of the High Contracting Parties shall have brought a dispute before the Permanent Conciliation Commission, either party may, for the examination of the particular dispute, replace its commissioner by a person possessing special competence in the matter.
At the close of its labors the commission shall draw up a report stating as the case may be, either that the parties have come to an agreement and, if need arises, the terms of the agreement, or that it has been impossible to effect a settlement.
The labors of the commission must, unless the parties otherwise agree be terminated within six months from the day on which the commission shall have been notified of the dispute.
ART. 11. The labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission are not public except when a decision to that effect has been taken by the commission with the consent of the parties.
ART. 12. The parties shall be represented before the Permanent Conciliation Commission by agents, whose duty it shall be to act as intermediary between them and the commission; they may, moreover, be assisted by counsel and experts appointed by them for that purpose and request that all persons whose evidence appears to them useful should be heard. The commission on its side shall be entitled to request oral explanations from the agents, counsel and experts of the two parties as well as from all persons it may think useful to summon with the consent of their Government.
ART. 13. Unless otherwise provided in the present treaty the decisions of the Permanent Conciliation Commission shall be taken by a majority.
l: The chapter referred to is reprinted in "Protocol of Arbitration, Security and Disarmament," Part II, this Series, Vol. VII, No. 8, p. 461. Arts. 10-36 of the chapter define procedure.
ART. 14. The High Contracting Parties undertake to facilitate the labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission, and particularly to supply it to the greatest possible extent with all relevant documents and information, as well as to use the means at their disposal to allow it to proceed in their territory and in accordance with their law to the summoning and hearing of witnesses or experts, and to visit the localities in question.
ART. 15. During the labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission each Commissioner shall receive salary, the amount of which shall be fixed by agreement between the High Contracting Parties, each of which shall contribute an equal share.
If the parties can not agree on the terms of the special agreement after a month's notice, one or other of them may bring the dispute before the Permanent Court of International Justice by means of an application.
ART. 17. All questions on which the German and Polish Governments shall differ without being able to reach an amicable solution by means of the normal methods of diplomacy the settlement of which can not be attained by means of a judicial decision as provided in Art. 1 of the present treaty, and for the settlement of which no procedure has been laid down by other conventions in force between the parties shall be submitted to the Permanent Conciliation Commission, whose duty it shall be to propose to the parties an acceptable solution and in any case to present a report.
The procedure laid down in Arts. 6-15 of the present treaty shall be applicable.
ART. 18. If the two parties have not reached an agreement within a month from the termination of the labors of the Permanent Conciliation Commission, the question shall, at the request of either party, be brought before the Council of the League of Nations, which shall deal with it in accordance with Art. 15 of the Covenant of the League.
1: See "America and the Permanent Court of International Justice," this Series, Vol. V, No. 5, p. 364.
2: The procedure is set forth in Arts. 51-85 of the convention, this Series, Vol. VII, No. 8, p. 470.
ART. 19. In any case, and particularly if the question on which the parties differ arises out of acts already committed or on the point of commission, the Conciliation Commission or, if the latter has not been notified thereof, the arbitral tribunal or the Permanent Court of International Justice, acting in accordance with Art. 41 of its Statute,1 shall lay down within the shortest possible time the provisional measures to be adopted. It shall similarly be the duty of the Council of the League of Nations, if the question is brought before it, to insure that suitable provisional measures are taken. The High Contracting Parties undertake respectively to accept such measures, to abstain from all measures likely to have a repercussion prejudicial to the execution of the decision or to the arrangements proposed by the Conciliation Commission or by the Council of the League of Nations, and in general to abstain from any sort of action whatsoever which may aggravate or extend the dispute.
ART. 20. The present treaty continues applicable as between the High Contracting Parties even when other powers are also interested in the dispute.
ART. 21. The present treaty, which is in conformity with the Covenant of the League of Nations, shall not in any way affect the rights and obligations of the High Contracting Parties as Members of the League of Nations and shall not be interpreted as restricting the duty of the League to take whatever action may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of the world.
ART. 22. The present treaty shall be ratified. Ratifications shall be deposited at Geneva with the League of Nations at the same time as the ratifications of the treaty concluded this day between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Italy.
The present treaty, done in a single copy, shall be deposited in the archives of the League of Nations, the Secretary-General of which shall be requested to transmit certified copies to each of the High Contracting Parties.
"The Court shall have the power to indicate, if it considers that circumstances so require, any provisional measures which ought to be taken to reserve the respective rights of either party.
"Pending the final decision, notice of the measures suggested shall forthwith be given to the parties and the Council."
Arbitration Treaty Between Germany and Czechoslovakia. Initialed at Locarno, October 16,1925; signed at London, December 1, 1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; ratifications deposited with Secretariat, League of Nations, by Germany, Czechoslovakia, September 14,1926; entered into force, September 14,1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14,1926.
Done at Locarno, October 16, 1926.
Collective Note to Germany Regarding Article 16 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
Initialed in draft at Locarno, October 16,1925; handed to the German representative at London, December 1,1925.
The German delegation has requested certain explanations in regard to Art. 16 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.
We are not in a position to speak in the name of the League, but in view of the discussions which have already taken place in the Assembly and in the commissions of the League of Nations, and after the explanations which have been exchanged between ourselves, we do not hesitate to inform you of the interpretation which, in so far as we are concerned, we place upon Art. 16.
1: This paragraph from "cooperate loyally" to the end is a textual repetition of Art. 11, par. 2, of the protocol for the pacific settlement of international disputes opened for signature at Geneva, October 2,1924.
2: Benito Mussolini initialed at Locarno, but did not sign at London.
Treaty Between France and Poland.
lnitialed at Locarno, October 16,1925; signed at London, December 1 1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; ratifications deposited with Secretariat, League of Nations, by France, Poland, September 14,1926; entered into force, September 14, 1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14,1926.
ART. 1. In the event of Poland or France suffering from a failure to observe the undertakings arrived at this day between them and Germany with a view to the maintenance of general peace, France, and reciprocally Poland, acting in application of Art. 16 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, undertake to lend each other immediately aid and assistance, if such a failure is accompanied by an unprovoked recourse to arms.
In the event of the Council of the League of Nations, when dealing with a question brought before it in accordance with the said undertakings, being unable to succeed in making its report accepted by all its Members other than the representatives of the parties to the dispute, and in the event of Poland or France being attacked without provocation, France, or reciprocally Poland, acting in application of Art. 15, par. 7, of the Covenant of the League of Nations, will immediately lend aid and assistance.
ART. 2. Nothing in the present treaty shall affect the rights and obligations of the High Contracting Parties as Members of the League of Nations, or shall be interpreted as restricting the duty of the League to take whatever action may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of the world .
ART. 3. The present treaty shall be registered with the League of Nations, in accordance with the Covenant.
ART. 4. The present treaty shall be ratified. The ratifications will be deposited at Geneva with the League of Nations at the same time as the ratification of the treaty concluded this day between Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Italy, and the ratification of the treaty concluded at the same time between Germany and Poland.
It will enter into force and remain in force under the same conditions as the said treaties.
The present treaty done in a single copy will be deposited in the archives of the League of Nations, and the Secretary-General of the League will be requested to transmit certified copies to each of the High Contracting Parties.
Treaty Between France and Czechoslovakia.
Initialed at Locarno, October 16, 1925; signed at London, December 1,1925; deposited with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, December 14, 1925; ratifications deposited with Secretariat, League of Nations, by France, Czechoslovakia, September 14, 1926; entered into force, September 14,1926; registered at the League of Nations, September 14,1926.
[Arts. 14, mutatis mutandis, correspond word for word with the text of the preceding treaty between France and Poland, No. 13].

References: Art. 16
 Art. 8

ART. 2
 Art. 12
 Art. 13
 Art. 15
 Art. 2
 Art. 15

Art. 4
 Art. 2
 Art. 2
 Art. 2
 Art. 4
 Art. 8
 Art. 2

ART. 7

ART. 8

ART. 9

ART. 10
 Art. 3

ART. 2

ART. 3

ART. 4
 Art. 2

ART. 5

ART. 6

ART. 7

ART. 8

ART. 9

ART. 10

ART. 11

ART. 12

ART. 13

ART. 14

ART. 15

ART. 16

ART. 17
 Art. 13
 Art. 12

ART. 19
 Art. 41

ART. 20

ART. 21
 Art. 3

ART. 2

ART. 3

ART. 4
 Art. 2

ART. 6

ART. 7

ART. 11

ART. 12

ART. 13

ART. 14

ART. 15

ART. 17
 Art. 1

ART. 18
 Art. 15

ART. 19
 Art. 41

ART. 20

ART. 21

ART. 22
 Art. 16
 Art. 16
 Art. 11

ART. 1
 Art. 16
 Art. 15

ART. 2

ART. 3

ART. 4