Source: https://brooklynlaw.net/
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 10:11:01+00:00

Document:
If you are dealing with a situation that requires legal assistance for a Criminal Defense or Family Law issue, you've come to the right firm. Our firm has helped individuals and families overcome the most difficult times in their lives for over 28 years.
If you are currently under investigation or have been charged with a crime, this will likely be one of the most terrifying times of your life. There are potentially serious direct and collateral consequences when a person is involved in the criminal justice system. It is vital to act fast and speak with an attorney as soon as possible. Regardless of the charges, every individual is entitled to a strong defense.
New York imposes harsh punishments on those who are convicted of breaking the law. If convicted, a person can face jail time, expensive fines, probation and other penalties. Additional collateral consequences include loss of driving privileges, employment or educational opportunities, security clearance, immigration status, or child custody privileges. Convictions can damage credit scores and housing opportunities and can seriously damage a person's reputation.
There's nothing more stressful or emotionally draining than dealing with a family conflict. Whether ending a marriage, establishing a child custody arrangement, negotiating maintenance payments, or requesting an order of protection; confronting family matters can be emotionally traumatic.
We recognize the complexity and sensitivity that surrounds family dynamics and conflict. Our primary goal is to guide our clients through the legal process as quickly and efficiently as possible so they can move forward with their lives.
Attorneys will dedicate their time to explore all facets of each client's case and develop a tailored action plan in order to achieve the client's goals.
Were You Arrested for Drunk Driving?
Are you being charged with one of the following sections of the New York State Vehicle and Traffic Law S-1192?
VTL § 1192.1: Driving while ability impaired. No person shall operate a motor vehicle while the person's ability to operate such motor vehicle is impaired by the consumption of alcohol. VTL § 1192.2: Driving While Intoxicated; per se. No person shall operate a motor vehicle while such person has .08 of one per centum or more by weight of alcohol in the person’s blood as shown by chemical analysis of such person’s blood, breath, urine or saliva, made pursuant to the provisions of S-1194 of this article. VTL § 1192.3: Driving while intoxicated. No person shall operate a motor vehicle while in an intoxicated condition. VTL § 1192.4: Driving While Ability Impaired by Drugs. No person shall operate a motor vehicle while the person’s ability to operate such a motor vehicle is impaired by the use of a drug as defined in this chapter. VTL § 1192.4-a: Driving while ability impaired by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs. No person shall operate a motor vehicle while the person’s ability to operate such motor vehicle is impaired by the combined influence of drugs or of alcohol and any drug or drugs.
Were you arrested for Assault?
With criminal negligence, he causes physical injury to another person by means of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument.
12. With intent to cause physical injury to a person who is sixty-five years of age or older, he or she causes such injury to such person, and the actor is more than ten years younger than such person; or 13. Being confined to a secure treatment facility, as such term is defined in subdivision (o) of S-10.03 of the mental hygiene law, and with intent to cause physical injury to an employee of such secure treatment facility performing his or her duties, he or she causes such injury to such person; or 14. With intent to prevent or obstruct a process server, as defined in S-89-T of the general business law, from performing a lawful duty pursuant to article three of the civil practice law and rules, or intentionally, as retaliation against such a process server for the performance of the process server's duties pursuant to such article, including by means of releasing or failing to control an animal evincing the actor's intent that the animal prevent or obstruct the lawful duty of the process server or as retaliation against the process server, he or she causes physical injury to such process server. Assault in the second degree is a class D felony. PL § 120.10: Assault in the First Degree A person is guilty of assault in the first degree when: 1. With intent to cause serious physical injury to another person, he causes such injury to such person or to a third person by means of a deadly weapon or a dangerous instrument; or 2. With intent to disfigure another person seriously and permanently, or to destroy, amputate or disable permanently a member or organ of his body, he causes such injury to such person or to a third person; or 3. Under circumstances evincing a depraved indifference to human life, he recklessly engages in conduct which creates a grave risk of death to another person, and thereby causes serious physical injury to another person; or 4. In the course of and in furtherance of the commission or attempted commission of a felony or of immediate flight therefrom, he, or another participant if there be any, causes serious physical injury to a person other than one of the participants. Assault in the first degree is a class B felony. PL § 120.13: Menacing in the First Degree A person is guilty of menacing in the first degree when he or she commits the crime of menacing in the second degree and has been previously convicted of the crime of menacing in the second degree or the crime of menacing a police officer or peace officer within the preceding ten years. Menacing in the first degree is a class E felony. PL § 120.20: Reckless Endangerment in the Second Degree A person is guilty of reckless endangerment in the second degree when he recklessly engages in conduct which creates a substantial risk of serious physical injury to another person. Reckless endangerment in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. PL § 120.25: Reckless Endangerment in the First Degree A person is guilty of reckless endangerment in the first degree when, under circumstances evincing a depraved indifference to human life, he recklessly engages in conduct which creates a grave risk of death to another person. Reckless endangerment in the first degree is a class D felony.
Were You Arrested for Domestic Violence or is there an Order of Protection filed against you?
2. commits a class A misdemeanor defined in article one hundred thirty of this chapter, or a class E felony defined in S-130.25, 130.40 or 130.85 of this chapter, or a class D felony defined in S-130.30 or 130.45 of this chapter.
Stalking in the first degree is a class D felony. PL § 121.11: Criminal Obstruction of Breathing or Blood Circulation A person is guilty of criminal obstruction of breathing or blood circulation when, with intent to impede the normal breathing or circulation of the blood of another person, he or she: a. applies pressure on the throat or neck of such person; or b. blocks the nose or mouth of such person. Criminal obstruction of breathing or blood circulation is a class A misdemeanor.
Were You Arrested for a Drug Offense?
6-a. ketamine and said ketamine weighs four thousand milligrams or more.
7. a controlled substance in violation of S-220.31 of this article, when such sale takes place upon school grounds or on a school bus; or 8. a controlled substance in violation of s-220.31 of this article, when such sale takes place upon the grounds of a child day care or educational facility under circumstances evincing knowledge by the defendant that such sale is taking place upon such grounds. As used in this subdivision, the phrase “the grounds of a child day care or educational facility” shall have the same meaning as provided for in subdivision five of S-220.44 of this article. For the purposes of this subdivision, a rebuttable presumption shall be established that a person has knowledge that they are within the grounds of a child day care or educational facility when notice is conspicuously posted of the presence or proximity of such facility; or 9. one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances containing gamma hydroxybutyric acid, as defined in paragraph four of subdivision (e) of schedule I of S-3306 of the public health law, and said preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances are of an aggregate weight of twenty-eight grams or more. Criminal sale of a controlled substance in the fourth degree is a class C felony. PL § 220.41: Criminal Sale of a Controlled Substance in the Second Degree A person is guilty of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the second degree when he knowingly and unlawfully sells: 1. one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances containing a narcotic drug and the preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances are of an aggregate weight of one-half ounce or more; or 2. one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances containing methamphetamine, its salts, isomers or salts of isomers and the preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances are of an aggregate weight of one-half ounce or more; or 3. a stimulant and the stimulant weighs five grams or more; or 4. lysergic acid diethylamide and the lysergic acid diethylamide weighs five milligrams or more; or 5. a hallucinogen and the hallucinogen weighs one hundred twenty-five milligrams or more; or 6. a hallucinogenic substance and the hallucinogenic substance weighs five grams or more; or 7. methadone and the methadone weighs three hundred sixty milligrams or more. Criminal sale of a controlled substance in the second degree is a class A-II felony. PL § 220.43: Criminal Sale of a Controlled Substance in the First Degree A person is guilty of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the first degree when he knowingly and unlawfully sells: 1. one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances containing a narcotic drug and the preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances are of an aggregate weight of two ounces or more; or 2. methadone and the methadone weighs two thousand eight hundred eighty milligrams or more. Criminal sale of a controlled substance in the first degree is a class A-I felony. PL § 229.39: Criminal Sale of a Controlled Substance in the Third Degree A person is guilty of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree when he knowingly and unlawfully sells: 1. a narcotic drug; or 2. a stimulant, hallucinogen, hallucinogenic substance, or lysergic acid diethylamide and has previously been convicted of an offense defined in article two hundred twenty or the attempt or conspiracy to commit any such offense; or 3. a stimulant and the stimulant weighs one gram or more; or 4. lysergic acid diethylamide and the lysergic acid diethylamide weighs one milligram or more; or 5. a hallucinogen and the hallucinogen weighs twenty-five milligrams or more; or 6. a hallucinogenic substance and the hallucinogenic substance weighs one gram or more; or 7. one or more preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances containing methamphetamine, its salts, isomers or salts of isomers and the preparations, compounds, mixtures or substances are of an aggregate weight of one-eighth ounce or more; or 8. phencyclidine and the phencyclidine weighs two hundred fifty milligrams or more; or 9. a narcotic preparation to a person less than twenty-one years old. Criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree is a class B felony.
Were You Arrested on Larceny Charges?
Are you being charged with one of the following sections of the New York State Larceny Article 155 Laws?
(b) is kept for or used in connection with religious worship in any building, structure or upon the curtilage of such building or structure used as a place of religious worship by a religious corporation, as incorporated under the religious corporations law or the education law.
2. the property is an automated teller machine or the contents of an automated teller machine.
2. The property, regardless of its nature and value, is obtained by extortion committed by instilling in the victim a fear that the actor or another person will (a) cause physical injury to some person in the future, or (b) cause damage to property, or (c) use or abuse his position as a public servant by engaging in conduct within or related to his official duties, or by failing or refusing to perform an official duty, in such manner as to affect some person adversely.
Grand larceny in the second degree is a class C felony. PL § 155.42: Grand Larceny in the First Degree A person is guilty of grand larceny in the first degree when he steals property and when the value of the property exceeds one million dollars. Grand larceny in the first degree is a class B felony.
CJI2d[NY] PENAL LAW ARTICLE 190 S 190.00 Issuing a bad check; definitions of terms. The following definitions are applicable to this article: 1. "Check" means any check, draft or similar sight order for the payment of money which is not post-dated with respect to the time of utterance. 2. "Drawer" of a check means a person whose name appears thereon as the primary obligor, whether the actual signature be that of himself or of a person purportedly authorized to draw the check in his behalf. 3. "Representative drawer" means a person who signs a check as drawer in a representative capacity or as agent of the person whose name appears thereon as the principal drawer or obligor. 4. "Utter." A person "utters" a check when, as a drawer or representative drawer thereof, he delivers it or causes it to be delivered to a person who thereby acquires a right against the drawer with respect to such check. One who draws a check with intent that it be so delivered is deemed to have uttered it if the delivery occurs. 5. "Pass." A person "passes" a check when, being a payee, holder or bearer of a check which previously has been or purports to have been drawn and uttered by another, he delivers it, for a purpose other than collection, to a third person who thereby acquires a right with respect thereto. 6. "Funds" means money or credit. 7. "Insufficient funds." A drawer has "insufficient funds" with a drawee to cover a check when he has no funds or account whatever, or funds in an amount less than that of the check; and a check dishonored for "no account" shall also be deemed to have been dishonored for "insufficient funds." S 190.05 Issuing a bad check. A person is guilty of issuing a bad check when: 1. (a) As a drawer or representative drawer, he utters a check knowing that he or his principal, as the case may be, does not then have sufficient funds with the drawee to cover it, and (b) he intends or believes at the time of utterance that payment will be refused by the drawee upon presentation, and (c) payment is refused by the drawee upon presentation; or 2. (a) He passes a check knowing that the drawer thereof does not then have sufficient funds with the drawee to cover it, and (b) he intends or believes at the time the check is passed that payment will be refused by the drawee upon presentation, and (c) payment is refused by the drawee upon presentation. Issuing a bad check is a class B misdemeanor. S 190.10 Issuing a bad check; presumptions. 1. When the drawer of a check has insufficient funds with the drawee to cover it at the time of utterance, the subscribing drawer or representative drawer, as the case may be, is presumed to know of such insufficiency. 2. A subscribing drawer or representative drawer, as the case may be, of an ultimately dishonored check is presumed to have intended or believed that the check would be dishonored upon presentation when: (a) The drawer had no account with the drawee at the time of utterance; or (b) (i) The drawer had insufficient funds with the drawee at the time of utterance, and (ii) the check was presented to the drawee for payment not more than thirty days after the date of utterance, and (iii) the drawer had insufficient funds with the drawee at the time of presentation. 3. Dishonor of a check by the drawee and insufficiency of the drawer`s funds at the time of presentation may properly be proved by introduction in evidence of a notice of protest of the check, or of a certificate under oath of an authorized representative of the drawee declaring the dishonor and insufficiency, and such proof shall constitute presumptive evidence of such dishonor and insufficiency. S 190.15 Issuing a bad check; defenses. In any prosecution for issuing a bad check, it is an affirmative defense that: 1. The defendant or a person acting in his behalf made full satisfaction of the amount of the check within ten days after dishonor by the drawee; or 2. The defendant, in acting as a representative drawer, did so as an employee who, without personal benefit, merely executed the orders of his employer or of a superior officer or employee generally authorized to direct his activities. S 190.20 False advertising. A person is guilty of false advertising when, with intent to promote the sale or to increase the consumption of property or services, he makes or causes to be made a false or misleading statement in any advertisement or publishes any advertisement in violation of chapter three of the act of congress entitled "Truth in Lending Act" and the regulations thereunder, as such act and regulations may from time to time be amended, addressed to the public or to a substantial number of persons; except that, in any prosecution under this section, it is an affirmative defense that the allegedly false or misleading statement was not knowingly or recklessly made or caused to be made. False advertising is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.23 False personation. A person is guilty of false personation when after being informed of the consequences of such act, he or she knowingly misrepresents his or her actual name, date of birth or address to a police officer or peace officer with intent to prevent such police officer or peace officer from ascertaining such information. False personation is a class B misdemeanor. S 190.25 Criminal impersonation in the second degree. A person is guilty of criminal impersonation in the second degree when he: 1. Impersonates another and does an act in such assumed character with intent to obtain a benefit or to injure or defraud another; or 2. Pretends to be a representative of some person or organization and does an act in such pretended capacity with intent to obtain a benefit or to injure or defraud another; or 3. (a) Pretends to be a public servant, or wears or displays without authority any uniform, badge, insignia or facsimile thereof by which such public servant is lawfully distinguished, or falsely expresses by his words or actions that he is a public servant or is acting with approval or authority of a public agency or department; and (b) so acts with intent to induce another to submit to such pretended official authority, to solicit funds or to otherwise cause another to act in reliance upon that pretense. 4. Impersonates another by communication by internet website or electronic means with intent to obtain a benefit or injure or defraud another, or by such communication pretends to be a public servant in order to induce another to submit to such authority or act in reliance on such pretense. Criminal impersonation in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.26 Criminal impersonation in the first degree. A person is guilty of criminal impersonation in the first degree when he: 1. Pretends to be a police officer or a federal law enforcement officer as enumerated in S-2.15 of the criminal procedure law, or wears or displays without authority, any uniform, badge or other insignia or facsimile thereof, by which such police officer or federal law enforcement officer is lawfully distinguished or expresses by his or her words or actions that he or she is acting with the approval or authority of any police department or acting as a federal law enforcement officer with the approval of any agency that employs federal law enforcement officers as enumerated in S-2.15 of the criminal procedure law; and 2. So acts with intent to induce another to submit to such pretended official authority or otherwise to act in reliance upon said pretense and in the course of such pretense commits or attempts to commit a felony; or 3. Pretending to be a duly licensed physician or other person authorized to issue a prescription for any drug or any instrument or device used in the taking or administering of drugs for which a prescription is required by law, communicates to a pharmacist an oral prescription which is required to be reduced to writing pursuant to S-3332 of the public health law. Criminal impersonation in the first degree is a class E felony. S 190.27 Criminal sale of a police uniform. A person is guilty of criminal sale of a police uniform when he or she sells or offers for sale the uniform of any police officer to any person, unless presented with a valid photo identification card showing the purchaser to be a member of the police department which has authorized the requested uniform or an authorization to purchase specified uniforms signed by the police chief or the police commissioner of such police department accompanied by a personal photo identification. For purposes of this section, "police officer" shall include federal law enforcement officers, as defined in S-2.15 of the criminal procedure law; and "uniform" shall include all or any part of the uniform which identifies the wearer as a member of a police department, such as the uniform, shield, badge, numbers or other identifying insignias or emblems. Criminal sale of a police uniform is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.30 Unlawfully concealing a will. A person is guilty of unlawfully concealing a will when, with intent to defraud, he conceals, secretes, suppresses, mutilates or destroys a will, codicil or other testamentary instrument. Unlawfully concealing a will is a class E felony. S 190.35 Misconduct by corporate official. A person is guilty of misconduct by corporate official when: 1. Being a director of a stock corporation, he knowingly concurs in any vote or act of the directors of such corporation, or any of them, by which it is intended: (a) To make a dividend except in the manner provided by law; or (b) To divide, withdraw or in any manner pay to any stockholder any part of the capital stock of the corporation except in the manner provided by law; or (c) To discount or receive any note or other evidence of debt in payment of an installment of capital stock actually called in and required to be paid, or with intent to provide the means of making such payment; or (d) To receive or discount any note or other evidence of debt with intent to enable any stockholder to withdraw any part of the money paid in by him on his stock; or (e) To apply any portion of the funds of such corporation, directly or indirectly, to the purchase of shares of its own stock, except in the manner provided by law; or 2. Being a director or officer of a stock corporation: (a) He issues, participates in issuing, or concurs in a vote to issue any increase of its capital stock beyond the amount of the capital stock thereof, duly authorized by or in pursuance of law; or (b) He sells, or agrees to sell, or is directly or indirectly interested in the sale of any share of stock of such corporation, or in any agreement to sell the same, unless at the time of such sale or agreement he is an actual owner of such share, provided that the foregoing shall not apply to a sale by or on behalf of an underwriter or dealer in connection with a bona fide public offering of shares of stock of such corporation. Misconduct by corporate official is a class B misdemeanor. S 190.40 Criminal usury in the second degree. A person is guilty of criminal usury in the second degree when, not being authorized or permitted by law to do so, he knowingly charges, takes or receives any money or other property as interest on the loan or forbearance of any money or other property, at a rate exceeding twenty-five per centum per annum or the equivalent rate for a longer or shorter period. Criminal usury in the second degree is a class E felony. S 190.42 Criminal usury in the first degree. A person is guilty of criminal usury in the first degree when, not being authorized or permitted by law to do so, he knowingly charges, takes or receives any money or other property as interest on the loan or forbearance of any money or other property, at a rate exceeding twenty-five per centum per annum or the equivalent rate for a longer or shorter period and either the actor had previously been convicted of the crime of criminal usury or of the attempt to commit such crime, or the actor`s conduct was part of a scheme or business of making or collecting usurious loans. Criminal usury in the first degree is a class C felony. S 190.45 Possession of usurious loan records. A person is guilty of possession of usurious loan records when, with knowledge of the contents thereof, he possesses any writing, paper, instrument or article used to record criminally usurious transactions prohibited by S-190.40. Possession of usurious loan records is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.50 Unlawful collection practices. A person is guilty of unlawful collection practices when, with intent to enforce a claim or judgment for money or property, he knowingly sends, mails or delivers to another person a notice, document or other instrument which has no judicial or official sanction and which in its format or appearance, simulates a summons, complaint, court order or process, or an insignia, seal or printed form of a federal, state or local government or an instrumentality thereof, or is otherwise calculated to induce a belief that such notice, document or instrument has a judicial or official sanction. Unlawful collection practices is a class B misdemeanor. S 190.55 Making a false statement of credit terms. A person is guilty of making a false statement of credit terms when he knowingly and willfully violates the provisions of chapter two of the act of congress entitled "Truth in Lending Act" and the regulations thereunder, as such act and regulations may from time to time be amended, by understating or failing to state the interest rate required to be disclosed, or by failing to make or by making a false or inaccurate or incomplete statement of other credit terms in violation of such act. Making a false statement of credit terms is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.60 Scheme to defraud in the second degree. 1. A person is guilty of a scheme to defraud in the second degree when he engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing course of conduct with intent to defraud more than one person or to obtain property from more than one person by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, and so obtains property from one or more of such persons. 2. In any prosecution under this section, it shall be necessary to prove the identity of at least one person from whom the defendant so obtained property, but it shall not be necessary to prove the identity of any other intended victim. Scheme to defraud in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.65 Scheme to defraud in the first degree. 1. A person is guilty of a scheme to defraud in the first degree when he or she: (a) engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing course of conduct with intent to defraud ten or more persons or to obtain property from ten or more persons by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, and so obtains property from one or more of such persons; or (b) engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing course of conduct with intent to defraud more than one person or to obtain property from more than one person by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, and so obtains property with a value in excess of one thousand dollars from one or more such persons; or (c) engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing course of conduct with intent to defraud more than one person, more than one of whom is a vulnerable elderly person as defined in subdivision three of S-260.30 of this chapter or to obtain property from more than one person, more than one of whom is a vulnerable elderly person as defined in subdivision three of S-260.30 of this chapter, by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, and so obtains property from one or more such persons. 2. In any prosecution under this section, it shall be necessary to prove the identity of at least one person from whom the defendant so obtained property, but it shall not be necessary to prove the identity of any other intended victim, provided that in any prosecution under paragraph (c) of subdivision one, it shall be necessary to prove the identity of at least one such vulnerable elderly person as defined in subdivision three of S-260.30 of this chapter. Scheme to defraud in the first degree is a class E felony. S 190.70 Scheme to defraud the state by unlawfully selling prescriptions. A person is guilty of a scheme to defraud the state by unlawfully selling prescriptions when he or she engages, with intent to defraud the state, in a scheme constituting a systematic, ongoing course of conduct to make, sell, deliver for sale or offer for sale one or more prescriptions and so obtains goods or services from the state with a value in excess of one thousand dollars or causes the state to reimburse another in excess of one thousand dollars for the delivery of such goods or services. Scheme to defraud the state by unlawfully selling prescriptions is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.72 Unauthorized radio transmission. A person is guilty of an unauthorized radio transmission when such person knowingly makes or causes to be made a radio transmission in this state, on a radio frequency assigned and licensed by the federal communications commission for use by amplitude modulation (AM) radio stations between the frequencies of five hundred thirty kilohertz (kHz) to seventeen hundred kilohertz (kHz), or frequency modulation (FM) radio stations between the frequencies of eighty-eight megahertz (MHz) to one hundred eight megahertz (MHz), without authorization or having first obtained a license from the federal communications commission or duly authorized federal agency, in violation of federal law. Unauthorized radio transmission is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.75 Criminal use of an access device in the second degree. A person is guilty of criminal use of an access device in the second degree when he knowingly uses an access device without consent of an owner thereof with intent to unlawfully obtain telecommunications services on behalf of himself or a third person. As used in this section, access device shall have the meaning set forth in subdivision seven-c of S-155.00 of this chapter. Criminal use of an access device in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.76 Criminal use of an access device in the first degree. A person is guilty of criminal use of an access device in the first degree when he knowingly uses an access device without consent of an owner thereof with intent to unlawfully obtain telecommunications services on behalf of himself or a third person, and so obtains such services with a value in excess of one thousand dollars. As used in this section, access device shall have the meaning set forth in subdivision seven-c of S-155.00 of this chapter. Criminal use of an access device in the first degree is a class E felony. S 190.77 Offenses involving theft of identity; definitions. 1. For the purposes of S-190.78, 190.79, 190.80 and 190.80-a and 190.85 of this article "personal identifying information" means a person's name, address, telephone number, date of birth, driver's license number, social security number, place of employment, mother's maiden name, financial services account number or code, savings account number or code, checking account number or code, brokerage account number or code, credit card account number or code, debit card number or code, automated teller machine number or code, taxpayer identification number, computer system password, signature or copy of a signature, electronic signature, unique biometric data that is a fingerprint, voice print, retinal image or iris image of another person, telephone calling card number, mobile identification number or code, electronic serial number or personal identification number, or any other name, number, code or information that may be used alone or in conjunction with other such information to assume the identity of another person. 2. For the purposes of S-190.78, 190.79, 190.80, 190.80-a, 190.81, 190.82 and 190.83 of this article: a. "electronic signature" shall have the same meaning as defined in subdivision three of S-332 of the state technology law. b. "personal identification number" means any number or code which may be used alone or in conjunction with any other information to assume the identity of another person or access financial resources or credit of another person. c. "member of the armed forces" shall mean a person in the military service of the United States or the military service of the state, including but not limited to, the armed forces of the United States, the army national guard, the air national guard, the New York naval militia, the New York guard, and such additional forces as may be created by the federal or state government as authorized by law. S 190.78 Identity theft in the third degree. A person is guilty of identity theft in the third degree when he or she knowingly and with intent to defraud assumes the identity of another person by presenting himself or herself as that other person, or by acting as that other person or by using personal identifying information of that other person, and thereby: 1. obtains goods, money, property or services or uses credit in the name of such other person or causes financial loss to such person or to another person or persons; or 2. commits a class A misdemeanor or higher level crime. Identity theft in the third degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.79 Identity theft in the second degree. A person is guilty of identify theft in the second degree when he or she knowingly and with intent to defraud assumes the identity of another person by presenting himself or herself as that other person, or by acting as that other person or by using personal identifying information of that other person, and thereby: 1. obtains goods, money, property or services or uses credit in the name of such other person in an aggregate amount that exceeds five hundred dollars; or 2. causes financial loss to such person or to another person or persons in an aggregate amount that exceeds five hundred dollars; or 3. commits or attempts to commit a felony or acts as an accessory to the commission of a felony; or 4. commits the crime of identity theft in the third degree as defined in S-190.78 of this article and has been previously convicted within the last five years of identity theft in the third degree as defined in S-190.78, identity theft in the second degree as defined in this section, identity theft in the first degree as defined in S-190.80, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree as defined in S-190.81, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree as defined in S-190.82, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree as defined in S- 190.83, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree as defined in S-190.85, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree as defined in S-190.86, grand larceny in the fourth degree as defined in S-155.30, grand larceny in the third degree as defined in S-155.35, grand larceny in the second degree as defined in S-155.40 or grand larceny in the first degree as defined in S-155.42 of this chapter. Identity theft in the second degree is a class E felony. S 190.80 Identity theft in the first degree. A person is guilty of identity theft in the first degree when he or she knowingly and with intent to defraud assumes the identity of another person by presenting himself or herself as that other person, or by acting as that other person or by using personal identifying information of that other person, and thereby: 1. obtains goods, money, property or services or uses credit in the name of such other person in an aggregate amount that exceeds two thousand dollars; or 2. causes financial loss to such person or to another person or persons in an aggregate amount that exceeds two thousand dollars; or 3. commits or attempts to commit a class D felony or higher level crime or acts as an accessory in the commission of a class D or higher level felony; or 4. commits the crime of identity theft in the second degree as defined in S-190.79 of this article and has been previously convicted within the last five years of identity theft in the third degree as defined in S-190.78, identity theft in the second degree as defined in S-190.79, identity theft in the first degree as defined in this section, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree as defined in S-190.81, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree as defined in S-190.82, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree as defined in S- 190.83, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree as defined in S-190.85, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree as defined in S-190.86, grand larceny in the fourth degree as defined in S-155.30, grand larceny in the third degree as defined in S-155.35, grand larceny in the second degree as defined in S-155.40 or grand larceny in the first degree as defined in S-155.42 of this chapter. Identity theft in the first degree is a class D felony. S 190.80-a Aggravated identity theft. A person is guilty of aggravated identity theft when he or she knowingly and with intent to defraud assumes the identity of another person by presenting himself or herself as that other person, or by acting as that other person or by using personal identifying information of that other person, and knows that such person is a member of the armed forces, and knows that such member is presently deployed outside of the continental United States and: 1. thereby obtains goods, money, property or services or uses credit in the name of such member of the armed forces in an aggregate amount that exceeds five hundred dollars; or 2. thereby causes financial loss to such member of the armed forces in an aggregate amount that exceeds five hundred dollars. Aggravated identity theft is a class D felony. S 190.81 Unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree. A person is guilty of unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree when he or she knowingly possesses a person`s financial services account number or code, savings account number or code, checking account number or code, brokerage account number or code, credit card account number or code, debit card number or code, automated teller machine number or code, personal identification number, mother`s maiden name, computer system password, electronic signature or unique biometric data that is a fingerprint, voice print, retinal image or iris image of another person knowing such information is intended to be used in furtherance of the commission of a crime defined in this chapter. Unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.82 Unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree. A person is guilty of unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree when he or she knowingly possesses two hundred fifty or more items of personal identification information of the following nature: a person`s financial services account number or code, savings account number or code, checking account number or code, brokerage account number or code, credit card account number or code, debit card number or code, automated teller machine number or code, personal identification number, mother`s maiden name, computer system password, electronic signature or unique biometric data that is a fingerprint, voice print, retinal image or iris image of another person knowing such information is intended to be used in furtherance of the commission of a crime defined in this chapter. Unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree is a class E felony. S 190.83 Unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree. A person is guilty of unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree when he or she commits the crime of unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree and: 1. with intent to further the commission of identity theft in the second degree, he or she supervises more than three accomplices; or 2. he or she has been previously convicted within the last five years of identity theft in the third degree as defined in S-190.78, identity theft in the second degree as defined in S-190.79, identity theft in the first degree as defined in S-190.80, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree as defined in S-190.81, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree as defined in S- 190.82, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree as defined in this section, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree as defined in S-190.85, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree as defined in S-190.86, grand larceny in the fourth degree as defined in S-155.30, grand larceny in the third degree as defined in S- 155.35, grand larceny in the second degree as defined in S-155.40 or grand larceny in the first degree as defined in S-155.42 of this chapter; or 3. with intent to further the commission of identity theft in the second degree: (a) he or she supervises more than two accomplices, and (b) he or she knows that the person whose personal identification information that he or she possesses is a member of the armed forces, and (c) he or she knows that such member of the armed forces is presently deployed outside of the continental United States. Unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree is a class D felony. S 190.84 Defenses. In any prosecution for identity theft or unlawful possession of personal identification information pursuant to this article, it shall be an affirmative defense that the person charged with the offense: 1. was under twenty-one years of age at the time of committing the offense and the person used or possessed the personal identifying or identification information of another solely for the purpose of purchasing alcohol; 2. was under eighteen years of age at the time of committing the offense and the person used or possessed the personal identifying or identification information of another solely for the purpose of purchasing tobacco products; or 3. used or possessed the personal identifying or identification information of another person solely for the purpose of misrepresenting the person`s age to gain access to a place the access to which is restricted based on age. S 190.85 Unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree. 1. A person is guilty of unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree when he or she possesses a skimmer device with the intent that such device be used in furtherance of the commission of the crime of identity theft or unlawful possession of personal identification information as defined in this article. 2. For purposes of this article, "skimmer device" means a device designed or adapted to obtain personal identifying information from a credit card, debit card, public benefit card, access card or device, or other card or device that contains personal identifying information. Unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.86 Unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree. A person is guilty of unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree when he or she commits the crime of unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree and he or she has been previously convicted within the last five years of identity theft in the third degree as defined in S-190.78, identity theft in the second degree as defined in S-190.79, identity theft in the first degree as defined in S-190.80, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the third degree as defined in S- 190.81, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the second degree as defined in S-190.82, unlawful possession of personal identification information in the first degree as defined in S-190.83, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the second degree as defined in S-190.85, unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree as defined in this section, grand larceny in the fourth degree as defined in S-155.30, grand larceny in the third degree as defined in S-155.35, grand larceny in the second degree as defined in S-155.40 or grand larceny in the first degree as defined in S-155.42 of this chapter. Unlawful possession of a skimmer device in the first degree is a class E felony. S 190.87 Immigrant assistance services fraud in the second degree. A person is guilty of immigrant assistance services fraud in the second degree when, with intent to defraud another person seeking immigrant assistance services, as defined in article twenty-eight-C of the general business law, from such person, he or she violates S-460-d of the general business law with intent to obtain property from such other person by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, and thereby wrongfully obtains such property. Immigrant assistance services fraud in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. S 190.89 Immigrant assistance services fraud in the first degree. A person is guilty of immigrant assistance services fraud in the first degree when, with intent to defraud another person seeking immigrant assistance services, as defined in article twenty-eight-C of the general business law, from such person, he or she violates S-460-d of the general business law with intent to obtain property from such other person by false or fraudulent pretenses, representations or promises, and thereby wrongfully obtains such property with a value in excess of one thousand dollars. Immigrant assistance services fraud in the first degree is a class E felony.

References: § 1192
 § 1192
 § 1192
 § 1192
 § 1192
 § 120
 § 120
 § 120
 § 120
 § 121
 § 220
 § 220
 § 229
 § 155