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Timestamp: 2019-04-24 10:29:41+00:00

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Fig. 1 Schematic of the setup. A function generator (f-gen) is used to modulate a cw diode laser (laser 405 nm). Laser light is focused onto the sample by an objective lens (20 × , NA = 0.5). Photoacoustic and luminescence signals are measured via a hydrophone and an avalanche photo-diode (APD), respectively. The lock-in amplifiers (LIA) are set to the modulation frequency. The 3D scanning stage is symbolized by the xyz coordinate system.
Fig. 2 (a) fOR-PAM image of a chromium line target with 120 lines/mm. (b) Profile of the photoacoustic image along the red line.
Fig. 3 fOR-PAM image (a) and simultaneously obtained luminescence image (b) of human red blood cells. (c) Overlay of the photoacoustic and the luminescence image. (d) Bright-field image of the same region.
(2) K=1.654− 0.105 a w + 0.28 a 2 w 2 .
(3) p(t)= σ β 1 4π c p r ⋅ E θ 2 ⋅ d d τ ^ f( τ ^ ).
(5a) p G (t)∝ 2t E G τ G 3 π exp( − t 2 τ G 2 ).
(5b) p G,max ∝ 2 e π E G τ G 2 .
(7a) p S (t)∝2π f S 2 E S cos( 2π f S t )=2π I 0 f S cos( 2π f S t ).
(8) p G,max p S,max = 1 2π e ⋅ 1 π ⋅ E G I 0 ⋅ 1 τ G 2 ⋅ f S ≈ 1 4π ⋅ E G I 0 ⋅ 1 τ G 2 ⋅ f S .
(10) B LIA = 1 2π τ LIA .
(11) SNR G SNR S = p G,max ⋅ξ NEP ⋅ NEP p S,max ⋅χ ≈ 1 4π ⋅ E G I 0 ⋅ 1 τ G 2 ⋅ f S ⋅ ξ χ .
(12) I 0,max =1.1⋅ 10 4 × (τ/sec) −0.75 W/m 2 .

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