Source: http://www.braziliannr.com/brazilian-environmental-legislation/conama-resolution-35705/
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 01:05:22+00:00

Document:
Art. 1 This Resolution Establishes provisions for the classification of environmental directives for the framing of superficial water bodies as well as for the establishment of conditions and standards related to releases into effluents.
Art.3 Fresh, brackish and salt waters within the National Territory is classified in thirteen classes according to the qualities that are required for their preponderant use.
Single paragraph. High quality water can be used for less demanding usage, as long as it does not have a negative effect on water quality, while considering other pertinent requirements.
c) preservation of aquatic environments in conservation and integral protection units/areas.
e) the protection of aquatic communities within Indigenous Lands.
e) aquaculture and fishing activities.
b) the preservation and balance of aquatic communities.
c) aquaculture and fishing activities.
b) the preservation and the natural balance of aquatic communities.
e) irrigation of vegetables that are consumed raw and of fruits that grow near the soil surface and are consumed raw and without pealing and the irrigation of parks, gardens, sports and leisure fields, with possible direct human contact.
Art. 7 The quality standards set by this Resolution establish individual limits for each substance within a given class.
Single paragraph. Possible interaction between substances, specified or not by this Resolution, cannot confer water characteristics that can lead to lethal effects, affect reproduction of life physiognomy, as well as restrict the foreseen preponderant uses, except for the provisions contained in § 3 of art. 34 of this Resolution.
Art. 8 The selected group of water quality parameters aimed at the substantiation of the framework proposal must be regularly monitored by the Public Powers.
§ 1 Parameters that may be the object of suspicion or non-conformity with reality must also be monitored.
§ 2 Monitoring results must be statistically analyzed and measuring discrepancies must be considered.
§ 3 The quality of aquatic environments may be assessed through biological indicators, when appropriate, and through the usage of aquatic organisms and/or communities.
§ 4 Possible interactions between substances and the presence of contaminants that are not listed in this Resolution and which may cause damages to living being must be investigated through the use of ecotoxicological and toxicological tests and through other scientifically acknowledged methods.
actuation of identified entrepreneurs the expenses for the studies are his/her responsibility.
§ 6 Brackish continental water bodies whose salinization is not a direct product of marine influence the rates of nitrogen and phosphor chemical groups will be established according to their correspondents in fresh waters.
Art. 9 The analysis and assessment of the rates of water quality parameters that are the subject of this Resolution will be undertaken by Public Powers which may use their own laboratories, associated or contracted, which will adopt the procedures for analytic quality in light of current demands.
§ 1 The laboratories of the competent organs must be structures in order to meet the demands placed by the provisions contained in this Resolution.
§ 2 In cases when the available analytical methodology is not sufficient for the quantification of the concentration of these substances in the water, the sediments and/or aquatic biome may be investigated regarding the possible presence of these substances.
Art. 10. The maximum rates established for the parameters listed in each of the framework classes must be followed according to reference flow.
§ 1 The rates of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) established for class 2 and 3 fresh waters may be increased if the case study related to the auto-depuration of the receptor body shows that the minimum concentrations of foreseen dissolved oxygen will not be transgressed, in reference flow conditions, except within mixing zones.
§ 2 The maximum admissible rates of the parameters related to the chemical compositions of nitrogen and phosphor, in the conditions of reference flow, may be altered due to natural occurrences, or when specific environmental studies that also take into account diffuse pollution, prove that these new rates will not prejudice the foreseen thin the framework of the water body.
§ 3 In cases when the nitrogen is a limiting factor for the eutrophication of class 1 and 2 waters, in the conditions established by the competent environmental organ, the total nitrogen rate (after oxidation) cannot surpass 1,27 mg/L in lentic environments and 2,18 mg/L in lotic environments, in the reference flow.
§ 4 The provisions of §§ 2 and 3 does not apply to salt or brackish water bays or to other water bodied when the reference flow is not applicable, these cases must become the object of specific studies on the dispersion and assimilation of polluting agents in water environments.
Art. 11. The Public Powers may, at any moment, add other conditions and quality standards for a specific water body or make them more restrictive due to local conditions and based on scientific foundations.
when the flow of the water body is below the reference flow rate.
Art. 13. Natural conditions of water bodies should be upheld in relation to special class waters.
a) non-existence of acute toxic effects on organisms, in accordance with the criteria set by the competent environmental organ, or, in its absence, by acknowledged national or international institutions through the undertaking of standardized ecotoxicological tests or another scientifically acknowledged method.
m) pH: 6,0 to 9,0.
b) up to 0,050 mg/L, in intermediary environments with residency time of between 2 and 40 days and direct tributaries from lentic environments.
n) pH: 6,0 to 9,0.
VII – pH: 6,0 to 9,0.
j) pH: 6.5 to 8.5, it should not show a change to the natural pH above 0.2 per unit.
d) OD, in any sample, not under 5.0 mg/L O 2 .
IX – pH: 6,5 to 8,5 and natural pH should not change more than 0.2 units.
i) thermotolerant coliforms: for primary contact usage must follow bathing standards foreseen by CONAMA Resolution 274/2000. For the cultivation of bivalve mollusks for human consumption the medium geometric density of thermotolerant coliforms, from a minimum of 15 samples collected at the same location, cannot exceed 43 per 100 milliliters, and 90% cannot contain more than 88 thermotolerant coliforms per 100 milliliters. The above rates must hold and be monitored annually and with a minimum of 5 samples. The rate of 200 thermotolerant coliforms per milliliter should not be exceeded for the irrigation of vegetables that are consumed raw and the consumed raw or the cultivation of fruits that grow close to the soil and are eaten raw and without pealing, as well as the irrigation of parks, gardens and sports and leisure fields, occasions when humans may have a direct contact with the water. For other uses it should not exceed a limit of 1.000 thermotolerant coliforms per 100 milliliters in 80% or more of the at least 6 samples collected bimonthly during a one year period. E. coli presence may be determined as a substitution of the thermotolerant coliform parameters in accordance with the limits established by the competent environmental organ.
d) thermotolerant coliforms: may not exceed a limit of 2500 per 100 milliliters in 80%, or more, of at least 6 samples collected bimonthly during a one year period. E. coli presence may be determined as a substitution of the thermotolerant coliform parameters in accordance with the limits established by the competent environmental organ.
VIII – total organic carbon of up to 10.0 mg/L, as C.
Art. 24. Wastes from any pollution source can only be released, directly or indirectly, into water bodies after their due treatment and as long as they abide by the specifications, standards and demands provisioned in this Resolution and in other applicable standards.
Art. 25. The release and issuing of authorizations that are not in harmony with the provisions of this Resolution are hereby banned.
Art. 26. Federal, state and municipal competent environmental organs must, through specific standards or during the licensing process for the activity or enterprise, establish the maximum polluting load for the release of substances that can be present or may be formed during productive processes, listed or not in art. 34 of this Resolution, in order not to compromise the progressive mandatory goals, intermediary and final, established by the framework for the respective water body.
§ 1 In cases when the enterprise causes a significant environmental impact, the competent environmental organ will demand, during the licensing process, the presentation of a capacity and support study related to the load released into the receptor water body.
§2 The capacity and support study must consider, at least, the difference between the standards established for the class and the concentration after the mixing zone.
§3 The entrepreneur must, or risk the cancelation of the license, provide the environmental organ with information, during the licensing process, regarding the substances, including those foreseen in this Resolution for water quality standards, which may be present in the respective effluent.
Art. 27. The release of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) into effluents is forbidden according to the Stockholm Convention which was ratified through Legislative Decree 204 from May 7, 2004.
Art. 28. Releases may not confer the water body with characteristics that are not in accordance with the progressive compulsory goals, intermediary and final, of its framework.
§ 1 The compulsory goals will be established through parameters.
Art. 32. Effluent releases or the disposal of domestic, agro-pecuary, agricultural, industrial wastes or wastes from any other source , is banned even if they have been previously treated.
III – comply with other applicable demands.
Art . 33. The competent environmental organ may authorize, within the effluent mixing zone and considering the type of substances, rates that are not in harmony with those established for the respective framework class as long as it does not compromise the uses that have been foreseen for the water body.
§ 1 An effluent may not cause or have the potential to cause toxic effects on aquatic organisms that live in the receptor body, in accordance with the toxic criteria that have been established by the competent environmental organ.
§ 2 The toxic criteria foreseen by § 1 must be based on results from standardized ecotoxicological tests that use aquatic organisms and undertaken within the effluent.
§ 3 Water bodies which are not comprised by the conditions and quality standards foreseen by this Resolution and are not subjected to toxic restrictions related to aquatic organisms are not subject to the provisions of the previous paragraphs.
VI – absence of floating substances.
Art. 38. The framework of water bodies follows the standards and procedures defined by the National Water Resources Council (CNHR) and the State Councils for Water Resources.
§ 1 The framework of a water body will be defined through the most restrictive preponderant water , current or intended.
§ 2 Water basins where the quality condition of the water bodies is not in harmony with intended preponderant uses will be subjected to compulsory goals, intermediary and final, aimed at the improvement of the water quality and the implementation of their respective frameworks, executed within the parameters that exceed limits due to natural conditions.
§ 3 Management actions related to the use of water resources such as the granting and charges for the use of water, or related to environmental management, the licensing, adjustment terms and the conduct and control of pollution must be based on the progressive, intermediary and final, goals approved by the competent organ for the respective hydrographic basin or specific water body.
§ 4 The progressive intermediary and final goals must be reached according to the reference flow, except in cases related to salt water or brackish basins or other water bodies where the reference flow is not applicable variable, which will be the object of specific studies on the dispersion and assimilation of pollutants in the water environment.
§ 5 The progressive mandatory goals may vary during the year for bodies with intermittent flow or a flow rate that significantly varies with seasons.
§ 6 Water bodies used for population water supply, their framework and the environmental licensing process for activities must preserve, mandatorily, the consumption conditions.
Art. 40. The specific standards for water quality and potability standards must be observed if they are destined for human consumption, without prejudice to the Provisions set by this Resolution.
Art. 41. The methods for the collection of analysis are specified by scientifically acknowledged technical standards.
Art. 42. Awaiting the approval of their respective framework, fresh waters will be considered class 2 waters, salt and brackish waters as Class 1, unless the actual quality conditions are better, which will imply the application of the most rigorous corresponding class.
Art. 43. Enterprises and other polluting activities which possess an Installation or Operational License on the date of publication of this Resolution, issued and not annulled, have a period of up to three years counted from the date of enforcement and at the criteria of the competent environmental organ, to adapt to the new conditions and standards, or more rigorous, foreseen by this Resolution.
§ 1 The entrepreneurs must present the competent environmental organ a schedule for the necessary measures for the fulfillment of the provisions of the heading of tis Resolution.
§ 2 The deadline foreseen in the heading of this article may, in exceptional and technically motivated cases, be extended by up to two years through the Conduct Adjustment Term, which will be published and a copy will be sent to the Public Ministry.
§ 3 The existing treatment installations must be operational, have the proper capacity, normal functions and any other characteristics for which they were approved in order to fulfill the provisions set by this Resolution.
Art. 45. Non-compliance with the provisions set by this Resolution will subject offenders to environmental organ, until sanctions foreseen by current legislation.
§ 1 Environmental organs and water resource managers, within their respective areas of competence, will inspect compliance with the provisions set by this Resolution, and when pertinent, the application of administrative penalties, without prejudice to the application of penal sanctions and to the civil responsibilities of the polluter.
§ 2 The demands and duties foreseen by this Resolution are characterized as obligations of relevant environmental interest.
Art. 46. The person responsible for sources, effective or potential, that pollute waters must present the respective competent environmental organ, until the 31st of March of every year, with a statement of the polluting charge of the previous year, signed by the enterprise’s head administrator and by the duly empowered responsible technician accompanied by the respective Record of Professional Responsibility.
§ 1 The above statement, that is the subject of the heading of this article must contain, among other data, the quantitative and qualitative characterization of the effluents, based on representative samples of the same, the state of maintenance of hardware and pollution control tools.
Art. 47. The technical responsible that undertake studies and provide opinions presented to environmental organs are considered experts.
Art. 48. Non-compliance with the provisions set by this Resolution will subject offenders, among other, to sanctions foreseen by Law 9.605 from Feb. 12, 1998 and respective regulations.
Art. 49. This Resolution shall enter into effect on the date of its publication.
Art. 50. CONAMA Resolution 020 from June 18, 1986 is hereby revoked.

References: Art.3

Art. 7
 § 3
 art. 34

Art. 8

§ 1

§ 2

§ 3

§ 4

§ 6

Art. 9

§ 1

§ 2

Art. 10

§ 1

§ 2

§ 3

§ 4

Art. 11

Art. 13

Art. 24

Art. 25

Art. 26
 art. 34

§ 1

§2

§3

Art. 27

Art. 28

§ 1

Art. 32

§ 1

§ 2
 § 1

§ 3

Art. 38

§ 1

§ 2

§ 3

§ 4

§ 5

§ 6

Art. 40

Art. 41

Art. 42

Art. 43

§ 1

§ 2

§ 3

Art. 45

§ 1

§ 2

Art. 46

§ 1

Art. 47

Art. 48

Art. 49

Art. 50