Source: https://www.ijese.org/download/volume-2-issue-1/
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 02:11:24+00:00

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Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of signed-unsigned Modified Booth Encoding (SUMBE) multiplier. The present Modified Booth Encoding (MBE) multiplier and the Baugh-Wooley multiplier perform multiplication operation on signed numbers only. The array multiplier and Braun array multipliers perform multiplication operation on unsigned numbers only. Thus, the requirement of the modern computer system is a dedicated and very high speed unique multiplier unit for signed and unsigned numbers. Therefore, this paper presents the design and implementation of SUMBE multiplier. The modified Booth Encoder circuit generates half the partial products in parallel. By extending sign bit of the operands and generating an additional partial product the SUMBE multiplier is obtained. The Carry Save Adderr (CSA) tree and the final Carry Lookahead (CLA) adder used to speed up the multiplier operation. Since signed and unsigned multiplication operation is performed by the same multiplier unit the required hardware and the chip area reduces and this in turn reduces power dissipation and cost of a system.
Keywords: SUMBE, MBE, CSA, CLA. Baugh-wooley multiplier.
1. Verilog hdl by padbanabam.
2. Shiann-Rong Kuang, Jiun-Ping Wang, and Cang-Yuan Guo, “Modified Booth multipliers with a Regular Partial Product Array,” IEEE Transactions on circuits and systems-II, vol 56, No 5, May 2009.
3. Li-Rong Wang, Shyh-Jye Jou and Chung-Len Lee, “A well-tructured Modified Booth Multiplier Design” 978-1-4244-1617-2/08/$25.00 ©2008 IEEE.
4. Soojin Kim and Kyeongsoon Cho “Design of High-speed Modified Booth Multipliers Operating at GHz Ranges” World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 61 2010.
5. Magnus Sjalander and Per Larson-Edefors. “The Case for HPMBasedBaughWooleyMultipliers,”ChalmersUniversityofechnology, Sweden, March 2008.
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8. Aswathy Sudhakar, and D. Gokila, “Run-Time Reconfigurable Pipelined Modified Baugh-Wooley Multipliers,” Advances in Computational Sciences and Technology ISSN 0973-6107 Volume 3 Number 2 (2010) pp. 223–235.
9. Myoung-Cheol Shin, Se-Hyeon Kang, and In-Cheol Park, “An Area-Efficient Iterative Modified-Booth Multiplier Based on Self-Timed Clocking,” Industry, and Energy through the project System IC 2010, and by IC Design Education Center (IDEC).
10. Leandro Z. Pieper, Eduardo A. C. da Costa, Sérgio J. M. de Almeida, “Efficient Dedicated Multiplication Blocks for2´s Complement Radix-2m Array Multipliers,” JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 5, NO. 10, OCTOBER 2010.
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Abstract: Full adders (FAs) are essential for digital circuits including microprocessors, digital signal processors, and microcontrollers. Both the power consumption and the reliability of FAs are crucial as they directly affect: arithmetic logic units, floating-point units, as well as memory address calculations. This paper studies the effect threshold voltage (VTH) variations play on the reliability of a classical 28- transistor FA, and shows that reliability can be enhanced without increasing the occupied area, and while also reducing power consumption. An enabling transistor sizing scheme is used to improve on reliability without increasing power consumption (as reducing and limiting currents). The proposed FA in 16nm predictive technology model (PTM) is significantly more reliable (six orders of magnitude in case of Cout, and three orders of magnitude in case of Sum at 10% input variations) and dissipates 38× less than a classical FA, while being 6× slower.
Keywords: Full adder, CMOS, power, energy, reliability.
1. M. Alioto, and G. Palumbo, “High-speed/low-power mixed full adder chains: Analysis and comparison versus technology,” Proc. ISCAS, New Orleans, LA USA, May 2007, pp. 2998–3001.
2. S. Aunet, et al., “Multifunction subthreshold gate used for a low power full adder,” Proc. NorChip, Oslo, Norway, Nov. 2004, pp. 44– 47.
3. S. Goel, et al., “Design of robust, energy-efficient full adders for deep-submicrometer design using hybrid-CMOS logic style,” IEEE Trans. VLSI Syst., vol. 14, Dec. 2006, pp. 1309–131.
4. K. Granhaug, and S. Aunet, “Six subthreshold full adder cells characterized in 90nm CMOS technology,” Proc. DDECS, Prague, Czech Republic, Apr. 2006, pp. 25–30.
6. H. Iwai, “Roadmap for 22nm and beyond” (invited), Microelectr. Eng., vol. 86, Jul.-Sep. 2009, pp. 1520–1528.
7. C. Millar, et al., “Accurate statistical description of random dop antinduced threshold voltage variability,” IEEE Electr. Dev. L ett., vol. 29, Aug. 2008, pp. 9 46–948.
8. S Purohit et al., “New performance/power/area efficient, reliable full adder design,” Proc. GLSVLSI, Boston, MA, USA, May 2009, pp. 493–498.
9. T. J. Dysart, and P. M. Kogge, “Analyzing the inherent reliability of moderately sized magnetic and electrostatic QCA circuits via probabilistic transfer matrices,” IEEE Trans. VLSI Syst., vol. 17, Apr. 2009, pp. 507–516.10. H. B. Marr, et al., “Increased energy efficiency and reliability of ultralow power arithmetic,” Proc. MWSCAS, Knoxville, TN, USA, Aug. 2008, pp. 366–369.
11. W. Ibrahim, et al., “On the reliability of majority gates full adders,” IEEE Trans. Nanotech., vol. 7, Jan. 2008, pp. 56–67.
12. W. Ibrahim, and V. Beiu, “Threshold voltage variations make full adders reliabilities similar,” IEEE Trans. Nanotech., vol. 9, Nov. 2010, pp. 664–667.
13. M. H. Sulieman, V. Beiu, and W. Ibrahim, “Low-power and highly reliable logic gates: Transistor-level optimizations,” Proc. IEEENANO, Seoul, Korea, Aug. 2010, pp. 254–257.
14. Y. Li, et al., “Large-scale atomistic approach to random-dopantinduced characteristic variability in nanoscale CMOS digital and high-frequency integrated circuits,” Proc. ICCAD, San Jose, CA, USA, Nov. 2008, pp. 278–285.
15. W. Ibrahim, and V. Beiu, “Using Bayesian networks to accurately calculate the reliability of complementary metal oxide semiconductor gates,” IEEE Trans. Reliab., Sep. 2011 (to appear).
16. D. Bol, “Robust and energy-efficient ultra-low-voltage circuit design under timing constraints in 65/45nm CMOS,” J. Low Power Electr. Appl., vol. 1, Jan. 2011, pp. 1–19.
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22. V. Beiu, and W. Ibrahim, “Devices and input vectors are shaping von Neumann multiplexing,” IEEE Trans. Nanotech., vol. 10, May 2011, pp. 606–616.
Keywords: RCA, KS, SKS, Spanning tree, Brentkung adder.
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10. N. H. E. Weste and D. Harris, CMOS VLSI Design, 4th edition, Pearson–Addison-Wesley, 2011.
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Abstract: Theory of wavelet transform is a young branch of applied mathematics extensively developing from early 1980's. Recently, the wavelet transform is studied as applications to digital signal processing. Its application to biomedical signal processing has been found particularly useful in the study of the signals like ECG. In this review, the emerging role of the wavelet transform in the interrogation of the ECG is discussed in detail. In this paper an algorithm has been proposed to determine the r peaks and the number of betas in sampled signal. In the first step an attempt was made to generate ECG waveforms by developing a suitable MATLAB simulator and in the second step, using wavelet transform, the ECG signal was denoised by removing the corresponding wavelet coefficients at higher scales. Then R-Peak in QRS complexes were detected and the last step is to calculate the beat. For this Mat lab 7.4.0 environment has been, used and Db4 taken as mother wavelet. The maximum value of the approximation coefficients of level 4 is selected as the indicating parameter.
Keywords: ECG, Wavelet transform, beat calculation, R-peak.
1. Almagro1,JM Quero21Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands 2University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
3. Gordan, Cornelia, Reiz Romulus,”ECG Signal processing using wavelets”,Vol.2, No.1, March 2011DOI : 10.5121/sipij.2011.2113 178.
4. A CONTEMPORARY APPROACH FOR ECG SIGNAL COMPRESSION USING WAVELET TRANSFORMS Pranob K Charles1, Rajendra Prasad K..
5. ECG analysis using wavelet transform: application to myocardial ischemia detection P. Ranjith a, P.C. Baby a, P. Joseph b,*29 January 2002.
6. ECG SIGNALS PROCESSING USING WAVELETS Gordan Cornelia, Reiz Romulus. University of Oradea: Electronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering.
8. DOI 10.1007/s13534-011-0016-9 A New Method of ECG Feature Detection Based on Combined Wavelet Transform for u-health Service Min Soo Kim, Young Chang Cho, Suk-Tae Seo, Chang-Sik Son and Yoon-Nyun Kim.
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12. John Darrington, "Towards real time QRS detection: A fast method using minimal pre-processing", Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 1 (2006) 169-176.
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Abstract: Need of global networking is increasing day by day and is as a primary need. This paper state the issues related to Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) routing protocol, currently that supports routing of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and 6 (IPv6) and study both the strong and weak points of IS-IS routing protocol. This paper illustrate the working of IS-IS and issues (Routing, addressing, packet format, area and domain) related to IS-IS because it will be helpful for understanding the key things related to IS-IS. There are various intra routing protocols among which OSPF is very popular but IS-IS is more flexible than OSPF. This paper also gives some prospective ideas that why we can’t ignore IS-IS. This paper also describe the issues that are related to different resources utilization in IS-IS and in similar link state routing protocol such as OSPF and describe the proper difference why and in which situations IS-IS is better than OSPF.
1. Jeff Learman, “Integrated IS-IS Tutorial” SIF-AR-9907-082, 08/07/1999.
2. Martin, Christian “Advantages of IS-IS over OSPF”.
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Abstract: In any industry, the three top operating expenses are often found to be on energy, labor and materials. If one were to find out the potential cost savings in each of the components, energy would invariably emerge at the top, and thus energy management function constitutes a strategic area for cost reduction. This paper discusses the common aspects of electrical energy management in small- and medium-sized industries. It contains the findings and the analysis of the results obtained from the electrical energy audit program employed in an industrial unit, Loknayak J.P.Narayan Shtekari Sahakari Sootgirni, Untawad Hol, Shahada.Dist.-Nandurbar. The electrical energy audit was carried out under three major heads: (i) lighting audit, (ii) power load audit (motors, meters, etc.), and (iii) harmonic analysis. Readings were taken under these heads and analyzed to find the scope of energy conservation opportunities in the selected test case industrial unit.
Keywords: Energy audit, energy conservation opportunities, harmonic analysis, industrial unit.
1. S. K. Aggarwal, M. Kumar, L. M. Saini, and A. Kumar, "Short-term load forecasting in deregulated electricity markets using fuzzy approach", Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 24-30, Jan-Jun2011.
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Abstract: Communication between humans was first by sound throughvoice. With the desire for slightly more distance communication came, devices such as drums, then, visual methods such as signal flags and smoke signals were used. These optical communication devices, of course, utilized the light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. It has been only very recent in human history that the electromagnetic spectrum, outside the visible region, has been employed for communication, through the use of radio. One of humankind’s greatest natural resources is the electromagnetic spectrum and the antenna has been instrumental in harnessing this resource. The design of a single-feed small micro strip antenna with circular polarization (CP) radiation is described. This design is achieved by cutting slits in the square patch and, by adjusting the lengths of the slits; the micro strip antenna can perform CP radiation with a reduced patch size at a fixed operating frequency. This design also provides a wide CP bandwidth and relaxed fabrication tolerances. In cavity, it is shown that for a feed offset from one corner of the patch, the perturbation segment (∆S) is increased, thereby reducing the effect of manufacturing errors.
Keywords: Single feed, micro strip antenna, single feed.
1. J.R. James and P.S. Hall, Hand Book of Micro strips Antenna, Vol. 1, Peter Peregrines Ltd., 1989.
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Abstract: The narrow BW of microstrip antenna is one of the important features that restrict its wide usages. This paper present omnidirectional microstrip patch antenna with wide bandwidth has been designed with centre frequency of 2GHz. In order to achieve BW enhancement a rectangular cut structure have been introduced in the simple rectangular patch antenna with ground optimization. It has been analyzed that Broad BW of 2.46 GHz at 2 GHz is achieved & omnidirectional pattern obtained, the results were obtained using the simulation software HFSS.
Keywords: BW, rectangular microstrip patch antenna, ground variation, symmetrical cuts, return loss, radiation efficiency.
2. M. H. Diallo Yaccoub, Achraf Jaoujal, Mohammed Younssi, Ahmed El Moussaoui, and Noura Aknin “Rectangular Ring Microstrip Patch Antenna for Ultra-wide Band Applications” ISSR Journals 2013.
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Abstract: The automotive industry is currently spending millions of dollars on NVH work to develop new materials and damping techniques. The new design methods are starting to consider NVH issues throughout the whole design process. This involves integrating extensive modeling, simulation, evaluation, and optimization techniques into the design process to insure both noise and vibration comfort. New materials and techniques are also being developed so that the damping treatments are lighter, cheaper, and more effective. Some of the methods used to control noise, vibration, and harshness include the use of different carpeting treatments, the addition of rubber or asphalt material to car panels, gap sealant, and the injection of expandable foam into body panels. The carpeting treatments include varying types of foam padding combined with different weights of rubber-backed carpet. The overall result of this technique is a mass-spring system that acts as a vibration absorber. The rubber or asphalt materials are attached to various car panels to add damping and mass loading to reduce vibration levels and the rattling sounds from the panels. Sealant is applied to close gaps in order to increase the transmission loss from the engine, wind, and road noise sources to the vehicle interior. Expandable foam injected between panels, such as the dashboard and firewall, helps to add stiffness and vibration absorption. All of these current methods are effective at reducing sound and vibration levels in a vehicle at higher frequencies. However, some of the treatments become almost ineffective at lower frequencies below 200 Hz. The treatments also add a substantial amount of weight to the vehicle, thus affecting its fuel economy, as well as adding cost. Choosing the correct product for your application can be really easy if you properly identify the noise from the start. There are many contributors to automotive noise and the noise exists across a wide bandwidth of frequencies. To effectively reduce the noise floor within a vehicle, a combination of materials must be used. This technique will result in a greatly reduced installation time, a serious reduction in the amount of added weight to the vehicle and bunch of money saved in your wallet. When trying to reduce or eliminate various types of automotive noise, it is often necessary to utilize a variety of specialized noise control materials.
Keywords: Noise, vibration, and harshness, Floor Barrier, vinyl barrier, Thermo-Acoustic under hood Liner, Gasketing Foam.
Abstract: This paper presents the definition and history of internet trolling as espoused by different views and some varied ways it is practiced. A link between the Ghanaian cyber communication space and this online practice is verified and substantiatedwith an empirical study with regards to some social media platforms. The social implications are analyzed and some recommendations are made.
Keywords: Trolling; troller; social media.
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21. Hardaker, C. (2013). “Uh….not to be nitpicky,,,,, but….the past tense of drag is dragged, not drug.” Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict. 58-88.
Abstract: Radar system has many applications in the military and civilian fields; it is utilized for targets detection, obtaining the range, the direction, altitude and velocity (for moving target). These information can be extracted from target signal. Target effects on the transmitted signal, such effects are delayed and Doppler shift for moving targets. Generally, the development of radar systems and radar signal processing are always in progress and real radar systems are not always available for testing these developments. This work required computer simulators which are used to test the modification and development of these systems. In this paper, the two types of targets (moving and fixed) signals are simulated. In order to implement the target block, the transmitted signals and antenna location signals must be generated as inputs to target block. The target block is simulated using MATLAB Simulink, this block is designed by specifying the parameters of target block such as the velocity, range, azimuth of a target (direction), the direction of the target movement angle and wavelength. This block is tested for all different types of radars such as pulse radar, pulse compression radar, continuous wave radar and frequency modulation continuous wave (FM-CW) radar.
Keywords: Radar system, target signal simulation, Doppler effect, radar signals.
1. M. A. Al-Zubaidy, S. S. Al-Shamaa , and K.H. Sayidmarie,” A PC-Based Radar System Simulator,” IEEE 2005 International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and ECM Technologies for Wireless Communications (MAPE 2005), Beijing, China, 8-12 August 2005.
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Abstract: Data aggregation and storage has become very important issue in Sensor networks for future information retrieval. Storage nodes serve as an intermediate tier between sensors and a sink for storing data and processing queries in wireless sensor networks. The importance of storage nodes also makes them attractive to attackers. Data Storage is happens via the Forwarding nodes and Storage nodes. Storage nodes are introduced in this paper to store collected date from the sensors in their proximities, It reduce the energy cost and communication cost induced by network query. Aim of the project is to deploy the storage nodes and secure data transmission for cluster-based WSNs (CWSNs), where the clusters are formed dynamically and periodically. We propose two Secure and Efficient data Transmission (SET) protocols for CWSNs, called SET-IBS and SET-IBOOS, by using the Identity-Based digital Signature (IBS) scheme and the Identity-Based Online/Offline digital Signature (IBOOS) scheme, respectively. The cluster routing protocol LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is considered and improved. We propose a clustering routing protocol named Enhanced LEACH, which extend LEACH protocol by balancing the energy consumption in the network. The simulation results show that Enhanced LEACH outperforms LEACH in terms of network lifetime and power consumption minimization.
Keywords: LEACH, SET, SET-IBS, SET-IBOOS.
1. S. Sharma and S. K. Jena, “A survey on secure hierarchical routing protocols in wireless sensor networks,” in Proc. ICCCS, 2011.
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4. P.T.V.Bhuvaneswari and V.Vaidehi ”Enhancement techniques incorporated in LEACH- a survey”Department of Electronics Engineering, Madras Institute Technology, Anna University Chennai, India, 2009.
5. Wu Xinhua and Huang Li ”Research and Improvement of the LEACH Protocol to Reduce the Marginalization of Cluster Head”Journal of Wuhan University of Technology Vol. 35, No. 1, Feb. 2011, pp. 79-82, doi:10.3963/j.issn.1006-2823.2011.01.019 (in Chinese).
6. Tao, L, Zhu, QX, Zhang, L. An Improvement for LEACH Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network.Proc.5th IEEE Conf. Indust.Electr. Appl. 2010;1:1811-4.
7. S.K. Singh, M.P. Singh, and D.K. Singh, ”A survey of Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Cluster-based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks”, International Journal of Advanced Networking and Application (IJANA), Sept.-Oct. 2010, vol. 02, issue 02, pp. 570-580.
9. Thiemo Voigt, Hartmut Ritter, Jochen Schiller, Adam Dunkels, and Juan Alonso, ”. Solar-aware Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks”, In Proceedings of the NinthIEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, June 2004.
11. Fan Xiangning1,2 Song Yulin ”Improvement on LEACH Protocol of Wireless Sensor Network” International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications 2007.
12. Rajashree.V.Biradar, Dr.S.R. Sawant, Dr. R. R. Mudholkar, Dr. V. C. Patil ”Multihop Routing In Self-Organizing Wireless Sensor Networks” IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 8, Issue 1, January 2011.
Abstract: Digital multipliers are the core components of all the digital signal processors (DSPs) and the speed of the DSP is largely determined by the speed of its multipliers. So the Implementation of Vedic Mathematic techniques and their application to the complex multiplier provide substantial reduction in propagation delay, execution time in comparison with the existing methods. This paper proposed the design of high speed Vedic Multiplier using the techniques of Ancient Indian Vedic Mathematics that have been modified to improve performance. The techniques described in this paper are Nikhilam Sutra, Urdhva Tiryakbhyam and Karatsuba-ofman and the performance analysis of these techniques is obtained. Modelsim tool is used for simulation and the results obtained are compared on the basis of time delay of multiplication.
Keywords: Vedic mathematics, urdhva triyakbhyam sutra, karatsuba - ofman algorithm.
1. Wallace, C.S., “A suggestion for a fast multiplier,” IEEE Trans. Elec. Comput., vol. EC-13, no. 1, pp. 14–17, Feb. 1964.
2. Booth, A.D., “A signed binary multiplication technique,” Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, vol. 4, pt. 2, pp. 236– 240, 1951.
3. Jagadguru Swami Sri Bharath, Krsna Tirathji, “Vedic Mathematics or Sixteen Simple Sutras From The Vedas”, Motilal Banarsidas, Varanasi(India),1986.
4. A.P. Nicholas, K.R Williams, J. Pickles, “Application of Urdhava Sutra”, Spiritual Study Group, Roorkee (India),1984.
7. Thapliyal H. and Srinivas M.B. “High Speed Efficient N x N Bit Parallel Hierarchical Overlay Multiplier Architecture Based on Ancient India Vedic Mathematics”, Transactions on Engineering, Computing and Technology, 2004, Vol.2.
8. “A Reduced-Bit Multiplication Algorithm For Digital Arithmetic” Harpreet Singh Dhilon And Abhijit Mitra, International Journal of Computational and Mathematical Sciences, Waset, Spring, 2008.
9. “Lifting Scheme Discrete Wavelet Transform Using Vertical and Crosswise Multipliers” Anthony O’Brien and Richard Conway, ISSC, 2008, Galway, June 18-19.
Abstract: A Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of spatially distributed sensor to monitor physical conditions and pass their data through network to the sink node. Topology control is an important technique used in WSN to achieve energy conservation and extend network lifetime without affecting important network performance such as connectivity and throughput. Topology control can be implemented in following ways: power adjustment technique, power mode technique, clustering technique. In each of these techniques, there are some limitations. To overcome the limitations of the existing schemes, new hybrid scheme is proposed by integrating the above mentioned schemes. It is proved that the proposed hybrid approach excels in the performance compared to the existing schemes in terms of energy savings.
Keywords: Cluster, cluster head, idle mode, sleep mode.
2. Handy M. J, Haase M., Timmermann D. “Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy with Deterministic Cluster-Head Selection”,4th International workshop on Mobile and Wireless Communications Network, pp.368-372,2004.
3. Ossama Younis, Sonia Fahmy, “HEED: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, distributed Clustering Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Network”, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Vol.3, No.4, pp.366-379,2004.
5. Azrina Abd Aziz, Y.Ahmet S, ekercioglu, Paul Fitzpatrick, and Milosh Ivanovich, “ A Survey on Distributed Topology Control Techniques for Extending the Lifetime of Battery Powered Wireless Sensor Networks” IEEE conference on Communications Surveys and Tutorials, pp.1-24,2012.
6. C. Schurgers, V. Tsiatsis, and M. B. Srivastava. STEM- topologymanagement for energy efficient sensor networks. In 2002 IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings-, volume 3, pages 3–1099, 2002.
journal on Procedia Technology, pp.158-162,2012.
10. Ameer Ahmed Abbasi, Mohamed Younis, “A Survey on clustering algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks”, Elseiver journal on computer communications,Vol.30, pp-2846-2841,2007.
11. Jaya Rao, Abraham, Fapojuwo O.”Battery Aware Distributed Clustering and Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks”,International IEEEconference on Wireless Communications and Networking, pp.1538-1543,2012.
12. Qi Zhang, Weiqing Qu, “An Energy Efficient Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks”, International IEEE conference on Computer Science and Electronics Engineering, pp.541-544,2012.
Abstract: Microelectromechanical system based silicon pressure sensors have undergone a significant growth in the last few years. The sensitivity, maximum measurable pressure and linear range of pressure sensors highly depend upon the diaphragm structure. In this work, single and double diaphragm based pressure sensors are designed and simulated and these can be used for high pressure measurements. A novel method of sensitivity enhancement by optimizing the thickness of double diaphragms is presented in this work. Also a study of the bulk micromachined silicon piezoresistive pressure sensor and surface micromachined stacked diaphragm pressure sensor are presented, simulated and compared with respect to deflection and sensitivity. Microelectromechanical system pressure sensors have been simulated with different diaphragm structures for obtaining wider operation range with better sensitivity. The performance of silicon and silicon on insulator pressure sensors at a given pressure are compared. The doping concentration of the piezoresistor is varied from 1015 cm-3 to 1020cm-3 and the sensitivity of pressure sensors are compared. Evaluating different structures of pressure sensors and optimizing doping concentrations as 1017cm-3, the double SOI sensor shows better pressure sensitivity.
Keywords: MEMS, Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor, Surface micromachining, Bulk micro machining, Sensitivity.
1. M. X. Zhouet. Al, “A Novel Capacitive Pressure Sensor Based on Sandwich Structures”, Journal of microelectro mechanical system, Vol. 14, pp.1272-1282,2005.
2. Bernd Folkmer, Peter Steiner, Walter Lang, A pressure Sensor Based on a nitride membrane using single - crystalline piezoresistors, Sensors and Actuators A 54 (1996) 488–492.
3. A. Berns, U. Buder, E. Obermeier, A. Wolter, A. Leder, Aero MEMS sensor array for high-resolution wall Pressure measurements, Sensors and Actuators A 132 (2006) 104–111.
4. Ingelin Clausen, Ola Sveen, Die separation and packaging of a Surface micromachined piezoresistive pressure sensor, Sensors and Actuators A 133 (2007) 457–466.
5. A.Wisitsoraat, V.Patthanasetakul, T. Lomas, A. Tuantranont, Low cost thin film based piezoresistive MEMS tactile sensor, Sensors and Actuators A 139 (2007) 17–22.
6. Shyam Aravamudhan, Shekhar Bhansali, Reinforced Piezoresistive pressure sensor for ocean depth measurements, Sensors and actuators A 142 (2008) 111–117.
14. Donald A Neamen, “Semiconductor physics and devices,” Tata McGraw-Hill 2007.

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