Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41571-018-0142-8?error=cookies_not_supported&code=546100ad-fd4f-4b56-8208-08413e5ed20f
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 01:34:36+00:00

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Cancer immunoediting proceeds through three phases: elimination, equilibrium and escape.
Cancer immunoediting occurs during tumour progression but also in patients receiving anticancer immunotherapies.
Innate and acquired resistance to immunotherapy are important barriers to treatment effectiveness.
The availability of large amounts of new information on the genomic and transcriptomic profile of various human malignancies adds extra depth to our ability to stratify the tumour microenvironment.
Tumours can be stratified on the basis of their mutational burden and the presence or absence of a T cell-inflamed gene signature.
Immunotherapies should be considered as a therapeutic option in patients who have pre-malignant or dormant tumours that might eventually progress or relapse.
The optimal approaches to achieve tumour elimination will involve therapeutic combinations to promote immune activation and T cell priming, suppress immunosuppressive signals in the tumour microenvironment and sustain the presence of T cells within the tumour tissue.
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The work of J.S.O’D. has been supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award and a QIMR Berghofer PhD Top-Up Scholarship. The research of M.W.L.T. is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Project Grant (1098960). The research of M.J.S. is funded by an NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship (1078671) and an NHMRC Program Grant (1132519).
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology thanks S. Ferrone, M. Manjili and the other anonymous peer reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.
All authors made substantial contributions to each stage of the preparation of this manuscript for publication.
M.W.L.T. has received honoraria from Arcus Biosciences, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squib and Merck Sharp and Dohme. The work of M.J.S. is funded by research agreements from Aduro Biotech, Bristol-Myers Squib and Tizona Therapeutics. J.S.O’D. declares no competing interests.
Correspondence to Michele W. L. Teng or Mark J. Smyth.

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