Source: https://www.labelmaster.com/hazmat-source/hazmat-definitions
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 08:29:57+00:00

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According to DOT hazardous materials are products or articles or substances that are capable of posing a significant risk to health, safety or property when transported by air, rail, ground, or sea.
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The following text is the hazardous materials definitions and abbriviations listed in 49 CFR §171.8.
§171.8 – Definitions and Abbreviations.
Aerosol means any non-refillable receptacle containing a gas compressed, liquefied or dissolved under pressure, the sole purpose of which is to expel a nonpoisonous (other than a Division 6.1 Packing Group III material) liquid, paste, or powder and fitted with a self-closing release device allowing the contents to be ejected by the gas.
Aggregate lithium content means the sum of the grams of lithium content or equivalent lithium content contained by the cells comprising a battery.
Biological product. See §173.134 of this subchapter.
Biological substances, Category B. See §173.134 of this subchapter.
(3) A water capacity greater than 454 kg (1000 pounds) as a receptacle for a gas as defined in §173.115 of this subchapter.
Bundle of cylinders means assemblies of UN cylinders fastened together and interconnected by a manifold and transported as a unit. The total water capacity for the bundle may not exceed 3,000 L, except that a bundle intended for the transport of gases in Division 2.3 is limited to a water capacity of 1,000 L.
Class 1. See §173.50 of this subchapter.
Class 2. See §173.115 of this subchapter.
Class 3. See §173.120 of this subchapter.
Class 4. See §173.124 of this subchapter.
Class 5. See §173.128 of this subchapter.
Class 6. See §173.132 of this subchapter.
Class 7. See §173.403 of this subchapter.
Class 8. See §173.136 of this subchapter.
Class 9. See §173.140 of this subchapter.
Combustible liquid. See §173.120 of this subchapter.
Compatibility group letter means a designated alphabetical letter used to categorize different types of explosive substances and articles for purposes of stowage and segregation. See §173.52 of this subchapter.
Competent Authority means a national agency responsible under its national law for the control or regulation of a particular aspect of the transportation of hazardous materials (dangerous goods). The term Appropriate Authority, as used in the ICAO Technical Instructions (IBR, see §171.7), has the same meaning as Competent Authority. For purposes of this subchapter, the Associate Administrator is the Competent Authority for the United States.
Compressed gas. See §173.115 of this subchapter.
Corrosive material. See §173.136 of this subchapter.
Cryogenic liquid. See §173.115(g) of this subchapter.
Cultures and stocks. See §173.134 of this subchapter.
Dangerous when wet material. See §173.124 of this subchapter.
Equivalent lithium content means, for a lithium-ion cell, the product of the rated capacity, in ampere-hours, of a lithium-ion cell times 0.3, with the result expressed in grams. The equivalent lithium content of a battery equals the sum of the grams of equivalent lithium content contained in the component cells of the battery.
Etiologic agent. See §173.134 of this subchapter.
EX number means a number preceded by the prefix “EX”, assigned by the Associate Administrator, to an item that has been evaluated under the provisions of §173.56 of this subchapter.
Explosive. See §173.50 of this subchapter.
FC number means a number preceded by the prefix “FC”, assigned by a Fireworks Certification Agency to a Division 1.4G Consumer firework device that has been certified under the provisions of §173.65 of this subchapter.
(1) For compressed gases in cylinders, see §173.304a(a)(2) table note 1.
Flammable gas. See §173.115 of this subchapter.
Flammable liquid. See §173.120 of this subchapter.
Flammable solid. See §173.124 of this subchapter.
Fumigated lading. See §§172.302(g) and 173.9.
(i) For radionuclides, conforms to paragraph 7 of the appendix A to §172.101.
Incorporated by reference or IBR means a publication or a portion of a publication that is made a part of the regulations of this subchapter. See §171.7.
Lighter means a mechanically operated flame-producing device employing an ignition device and containing a Class 3 or a Division 2.1 material. For design, capacity, and filling density requirements for lighters containing a Division 2.1 material, see §173.308.
Lighter refill means a pressurized container that does not contain an ignition device but does contain a release device and is intended for use as a replacement cartridge in a lighter or to refill a lighter with a Division 2.1 flammable gas fuel. For capacity limits, see §173.306(h) of this subchapter.
Liquid means a material, other than an elevated temperature material, with a melting point or initial melting point of 20 °C (68 °F) or lower at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa (14.7 psia). A viscous material for which a specific melting point cannot be determined must be subjected to the procedures specified in ASTM D 4359 “Standard Test Method for Determining Whether a Material is Liquid or Solid” (IBR, see §171.7).
Liquid phase means a material that meets the definition of liquid when evaluated at the higher of the temperature at which it is offered for transportation or at which it is transported, not at the 38 °C (100 °F) temperature specified in ASTM D 4359 (IBR, see §171.7).
Lithium content means the mass of lithium in the anode of a lithium metal or lithium alloy cell. The lithium content of a battery equals the sum of the grams of lithium content contained in the component cells of the battery. For a lithium-ion cell see the definition for “equivalent lithium content”.
Maximum allowable working pressure or MAWP: For DOT specification cargo tanks used to transport liquid hazardous materials, see §178.320(a) of this subchapter.
Metered delivery service means a cargo tank unloading operation conducted at a metered flow rate of 378.5 L (100 gallons) per minute or less through an attached delivery hose with a nominal inside diameter of 3.175 cm (11/4 inches) or less.
N.O.S. description means a shipping description from the §172.101 table which includes the abbreviation n.o.s.
NPT means an American Standard taper pipe thread conforming to the requirements of NBS Handbook H-28 (IBR, see §171.7).
Oxidizing gas means a gas that may, generally by providing oxygen, cause or contribute to the combustion of other material more than air does. Specifically, this means a pure gas or gas mixture with an oxidizing power greater than 23.5% as determined by a method specified in ISO 10156: or 10156-2: (IBR, see §171.7 of this subchapter) (see also §173.115(k)).
Preferred route or Preferred highway is a highway for shipment of highway route controlled quantities of radioactive materials so designated by a State routing agency, and any Interstate System highway for which an alternative highway has not been designated by such State agency as provided by §397.103 of this title.
U.N. Recommendations means the U.N. Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Model Regulations (IBR, see §171.7 of this subchapter).
Reconditioned packaging. See §173.28 of this subchapter.
Remanufactured packagings. See §173.28 of this subchapter.
Reportable quantity (RQ) for the purposes of this subchapter means the quantity specified in column 2 of the appendix to §172.101 for any material identified in column 1 of the appendix.
Reused packaging. See §173.28 of this subchapter.
Salvage packaging means a special packaging conforming to §173.3 of this subchapter into which damaged, defective, leaking, or non-conforming hazardous materials packages, or hazardous materials that have spilled or leaked, are placed for purposes of transport for recovery or disposal.
Sharps. See §173.134 of this subchapter.
Special permit means a document issued by the Associate Administrator, or other designated Department official, under the authority of 49 U.S.C. 5117 permitting a person to perform a function that is not otherwise permitted under subchapter A or C of this chapter, or other regulations issued under 49 U.S.C. 5101 et seq. (e.g., Federal Motor Carrier Safety routing requirements).
(ii) Rail cars containing hazardous materials that are stored on track that does not meet the definition of “private track or siding” in §171.8, even if those cars have been delivered to the destination shown on the shipping document.
Table in §172.101 or §172.101 table means the Hazardous Materials Table in §172.101 of this subchapter.
Toxin. See §173.134 of this subchapter.
UN Recommendations means the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (IBR, see §171.7).
UN standard packaging means a packaging conforming to standards in the UN Recommendations (IBR, see §171.7).
UN tube means a seamless transportable pressure receptacle with a water capacity exceeding 150 L but not more than 3,000 L that has been marked and certified as conforming to the requirements in part 178 of this subchapter.
Undeclared hazardous material means a hazardous material that is: (1) Subject to any of the hazard communication requirements in subparts C (Shipping Papers), D (Marking), E (Labeling), and F (Placarding) of Part 172 of this subchapter, or an alternative marking requirement in Part 173 of this subchapter (such as §§173.4(a)(10) and 173.6(c)); and (2) offered for transportation in commerce without any visible indication to the person accepting the hazardous material for transportation that a hazardous material is present, on either an accompanying shipping document, or the outside of a transport vehicle, freight container, or package.

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