Source: http://memorize.com/exam-poly-sci/vokisayo
Timestamp: 2019-04-26 10:02:40+00:00

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To help bolster their shrinking treasury the British began to exploit the colonies through a policy known mercantilism.
Every state except RI and Connecticut have counties (although in Louisiana they are called parishes and in Alaska boroughs). Counties.
The most numerous type of government today including school districts, park and water districts. Special Districts.
Political “Ideology?” A constrained, coherent set of beliefs about government and the role it should play in society.
Accommodationists : There is a natural linkage between the Church and a “Christian” republic. The Government may assist churches, but may not favor one church over another and may not create a “National” Church.
Abington v. Schempp (1963) the Court ruled that starting the school day with a reading of the Lord’s Prayer was an unconstitutional establishment of religion.
Santa Fe v. Doe A student read prayer over the public address system violates the establishment clause.
Scheck v. United States (1919), Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes said that speech can be prohibited when it poses a “Clear and Present Danger” of serious harm to the country.
Pure Speech Spoken words that express political or social points of view.
Symbolic Speech Non-verbal expression that conveys a political or social message.
Libel is a written falsehood that defames the character of a person.
Slander a spoken falsehood that defames the character of a person.
Content Based Restrictions based on the content of the speaker’s message.
Free Speech Zones – Like “Protest Zones” these policies limit expression to a specific location. Outside of the “Zone” speech can be stopped.
Griswold v. Connecticut (1964) Privacy is not specifically mentioned, but the existence of the right to privacy is implied in the First, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Ninth Amendments.
Roe v. Wade (1973) The Supreme Court ruled that a Texas law prohibiting abortion violated a woman's constitutional right to privacy.
Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992) Pennsylvania was allowed to limit abortions as long as they did not pose 'an undue burden' on pregnant women.
Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court ruled that privacy rights apply to gays and lesbians.
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) Suspects must be informed of their rights when placed under arrest.
The Exclusionary Rule If evidence (either physical evidence or testimony/confessions) are acquired illegally, it may not be used in court to convict the accused.
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) (6th amendment) Requires the state to provide an attorney for persons accused of felonies.
The Eighth Amendment Prohibits “cruel and unusual” punishment.
Furman v. Georgia (1972) the Court ruled that the death penalty constituted unconstitutional cruel and unusual punishment when it was imposed in an arbitrary manner.
McCleskey v. Kemp (1987) the Court rules that the death penalty – even when it appeared to discriminate against African Americans – did not violate the Constitution.
McCleskey v. Zant (1991) the Court made it more difficult for death row inmates to file repeated appeals.

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