Source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1252
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 22:11:51+00:00

Document:
Judicial review of a final order of removal (other than an order of removal without a hearing pursuant to section 1225(b)(1) of this title) is governed only by chapter 158 of title 28, except as provided in subsection (b) and except that the court may not order the taking of additional evidence under section 2347(c) of such title.
except as provided in subsection (e), procedures and policies adopted by the Attorney General to implement the provisions of section 1225(b)(1) of this title.
any other decision or action of the Attorney General or the Secretary of Homeland Security the authority for which is specified under this subchapter to be in the discretion of the Attorney General or the Secretary of Homeland Security, other than the granting of relief under section 1158(a) of this title.
Notwithstanding any other provision of law (statutory or nonstatutory), including section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, and sections 1361 and 1651 of such title, a petition for review filed with an appropriate court of appeals in accordance with this section shall be the sole and exclusive means for judicial review of any cause or claim under the United Nations Convention Against Torture and Other Forms of Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, except as provided in subsection (e).
Notwithstanding any other provision of law (statutory or nonstatutory), including section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, and sections 1361 and 1651 of such title, a petition for review filed with an appropriate court of appeals in accordance with this section shall be the sole and exclusive means for judicial review of an order of removal entered or issued under any provision of this chapter, except as provided in subsection (e). For purposes of this chapter, in every provision that limits or eliminates judicial review or jurisdiction to review, the terms “judicial review” and “jurisdiction to review” include habeas corpus review pursuant to section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, sections 1361 and 1651 of such title, and review pursuant to any other provision of law (statutory or nonstatutory).
Service of the petition on the officer or employee does not stay the removal of an alien pending the court’s decision on the petition, unless the court orders otherwise.
the Attorney General’s discretionary judgment whether to grant relief under section 1158(a) of this title shall be conclusive unless manifestly contrary to the law and an abuse of discretion.
No court shall reverse a determination made by a trier of fact with respect to the availability of corroborating evidence, as described in section 1158(b)(1)(B), 1229a(c)(4)(B), or 1231(b)(3)(C) of this title, unless the court finds, pursuant to subsection (b)(4)(B), that a reasonable trier of fact is compelled to conclude that such corroborating evidence is unavailable.
If the petitioner claims to be a national of the United States and the court of appeals finds from the pleadings and affidavits that no genuine issue of material fact about the petitioner’s nationality is presented, the court shall decide the nationality claim.
If the petitioner claims to be a national of the United States and the court of appeals finds that a genuine issue of material fact about the petitioner’s nationality is presented, the court shall transfer the proceeding to the district court of the United States for the judicial district in which the petitioner resides for a new hearing on the nationality claim and a decision on that claim as if an action had been brought in the district court under section 2201 of title 28.
a genuine issue of material fact about the defendant’s nationality is presented, the court shall hold a new hearing on the nationality claim and decide that claim as if an action had been brought under section 2201 of title 28.
The defendant in a criminal proceeding under section 1253(a) of this title may not file a petition for review under subsection (a) during the criminal proceeding.
does not require the Attorney General to defer removal of the alien.
shall state whether a court has upheld the validity of the order, and, if so, shall state the name of the court, the date of the court’s ruling, and the kind of proceeding.
another court has not decided the validity of the order, unless the reviewing court finds that the petition presents grounds that could not have been presented in the prior judicial proceeding or that the remedy provided by the prior proceeding was inadequate or ineffective to test the validity of the order.
certify a class under Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in any action for which judicial review is authorized under a subsequent paragraph of this subsection.
whether the petitioner can prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the petitioner is an alienlawfully admitted for permanent residence, has been admitted as a refugee under section 1157 of this title, or has been granted asylum under section 1158 of this title, such status not having been terminated, and is entitled to such further inquiry as prescribed by the Attorney General pursuant to section 1225(b)(1)(C) of this title.
whether such a regulation, or a written policy directive, written policy guideline, or written procedure issued by or under the authority of the Attorney General to implement such section, is not consistent with applicable provisions of this subchapter or is otherwise in violation of law.
has demonstrated by a preponderance of the evidence that the alien is an alienlawfully admitted for permanent residence, has been admitted as a refugee under section 1157 of this title, or has been granted asylum under section 1158 of this title, the court may order no remedy or relief other than to require that the petitioner be provided a hearing in accordance with section 1229a of this title. Any alien who is provided a hearing under section 1229a of this title pursuant to this paragraph may thereafter obtain judicial review of any resulting final order of removal pursuant to subsection (a)(1).
In determining whether an alien has been ordered removed under section 1225(b)(1) of this title, the court’s inquiry shall be limited to whether such an order in fact was issued and whether it relates to the petitioner. There shall be no review of whether the alien is actually inadmissible or entitled to any relief from removal.
Section 1253 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(8)(B), was amended generally by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 307(a), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–612, and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (g). Provisions similar to those contained in former subsec. (g) of section 1253 are now contained in subsec. (d) of section 1253.
2005—Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 109–13, § 106(a)(1)(A)(i), inserted “(statutory or nonstatutory), including section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, and sections 1361 and 1651 of such title” after “Notwithstanding any other provision of law” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 109–13, § 106(a)(1)(A)(ii), inserted “(statutory or nonstatutory), including section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, and sections 1361 and 1651 of such title, and except as provided in subparagraph (D)” after “Notwithstanding any other provision of law” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 109–13, § 101(f)(2), inserted “and regardless of whether the judgment, decision, or action is made in removal proceedings,” before “no court shall” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 109–13, § 101(f)(1), inserted “or the Secretary of Homeland Security” after “Attorney General” in two places.
Subsec. (a)(2)(C). Pub. L. 109–13, § 106(a)(1)(A)(ii), inserted “(statutory or nonstatutory), including section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, and sections 1361 and 1651 of such title, and except as provided in subparagraph (D)” after “Notwithstanding any other provision of law”.
Subsec. (a)(2)(D). Pub. L. 109–13, § 106(a)(1)(A)(iii), added subpar. (D).
Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 109–13, § 106(a)(1)(B), added pars. (4) and (5).
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 109–13, § 101(e), added concluding provisions.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 109–13, § 106(a)(3), inserted “(statutory or nonstatutory), including section 2241 of title 28, or any other habeas corpus provision, and sections 1361 and 1651 of such title” after “notwithstanding any other provision of law”.
1996—Pub. L. 104–208, § 306(a)(2), amended section generally, substituting subsecs. (a) to (g) relating to judicial review of orders of removal for former subsecs. (a) to (i) relating to apprehension and deportation of aliens.
Pub. L. 104–132, § 440(c)(1)(C), struck out “but subject to subparagraph (B)” before “, the Attorney General shall not release”.
Pub. L. 104–132, § 440(c)(1)(B), as amended by Pub. L. 104–208, §§ 306(d), 308(g)(10)(H), substituted “any criminal offense covered in section 1251(a)(2)(A)(iii), (B), (C), or (D) of this title, or any offense covered by section 1227(a)(2)(A)(ii) of this title for which both predicate offenses are, without regard to the date of their commission, otherwise covered by section 1227(a)(2)(A)(i) of this title” for “an aggravated felony upon release of the alien (regardless of whether or not such release is on parole, supervised release, or probation, and regardless of the possibility of rearrest or further confinement in respect of the same offense)”.
Pub. L. 104–132, § 440(c)(1)(A), substituted “(2) The Attorney” for “(2)(A) The Attorney”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–208, § 371(b)(6), substituted “An immigration judge” for “A special inquiry officer”, “an immigration judge” for “a special inquiry officer” in two places, and “immigration judge” for “special inquiry officer” wherever appearing.
Pub. L. 104–132, § 436(a), inserted before period at end of second sentence “; except that nothing in this subsection shall preclude the Attorney General from authorizing proceedings by electronic or telephonic media (with the consent of the alien) or, where waived or agreed to by the parties, in the absence of the alien”.
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–132, § 440(h)(1), designated existing provisions of subsec. (c) as par. (1) and substituted “Subject to paragraph (2), when a final order” for “When a final order”.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–132, § 440(h)(2), as amended by Pub. L. 104–208, §§ 306(d), 308(g)(10)(H), added par. (2).
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 104–132, § 438(a), amended subsec. (h) generally, restating prior single par. as par. (1) and adding pars. (2) and (3) authorizing the Attorney General to deport an alien prior to the completion of a sentence of imprisonment and requiring notice to deported aliens of penalties for reentry.
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 104–208, § 306(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (j) as subsec. (i) of section 1231 of this title.
1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–416, § 224(b), substituted “Except as provided in section 1252a(d) of this title, the” for “The” in ninth sentence.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–322, § 130001(a), struck out “paragraph (2), (3), or (4) of” before “section 1251(a) of this title” and substituted “shall be imprisoned not more than four years, or shall be imprisoned not more than ten years if the alien is a member of any of the classes described in paragraph (1)(E), (2), (3), or (4) of section 1251(a) of this title.” for “shall be imprisoned not more than ten years”.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–416, § 219(h), substituted “Parole,” for “Parole,,”.
Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 103–322, § 20301(a), added subsec. (j).
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–232, § 307(m)(2), substituted “paragraph (2), (3), or (4)” for “paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), (11), (12), (14), (15), (16), (17), (18), or (19)”.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 102–232, § 309(b)(9), inserted a comma after “Parole”.
1990—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 101–649, § 504(a), designated existing text as subpar. (A), substituted “upon release of the alien (regardless of whether or not such release is on parole, supervised release, or probation, and regardless of the possibility of rearrest or further confinement in respect of the same offense)” for “upon completion of the alien’s sentence for such conviction” and “Notwithstanding paragraph (1) or subsections (c) and (d) of this section but subject to subparagraph (B)” for “Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section”, and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–649, § 603(b)(2)(A), substituted “(2), (3), or (4)” for “(4), (5), (6), (7), (11), (12), (14), (15), (16), (17), (18), or (19)”.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101–649, § 603(b)(2)(B), which directed the substitution of “paragraph (2), (3) or (4)” for “paragraph (4), (5), (6), (7), (11), (12), (14), (15), (16), (17), (18), or (19)”, could not be executed because the quoted language differed from the text. See 1991 Amendment note above.
1981—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97–116, § 18(h)(1)(A), substituted “(18), or (19)” for “or (18)” in provision following par. (4).
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 97–116, § 18(h)(1)(B), substituted “(18), or (19)” for “or (18)”.
The amendment made by subsection (e) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this division [May 11, 2005] and shall apply to all cases in which the final administrative removal order is or was issued before, on, or after such date.
Subject to paragraph (2), the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and section 1231 of this title and repealing section 1105a of this title] shall apply as provided under section 309 [8 U.S.C. 1101 note], except that subsection (g) of section 242 of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1252(g)] (as added by subsection (a)), shall apply without limitation to claims arising from all past, pending, or future exclusion, deportation, or removal proceedings under such Act [8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.].
Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 306(d), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–612, provided that the amendment made by section 306(d) is effective as if included in the enactment of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104–132.
Pub. L. 102–232, title III, § 307(m), Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1757, provided that the amendment made by section 307(m)(2) of Pub. L. 102–232 is effective as if included in section 603(b) of the Immigration Act of 1990, Pub. L. 101–649.
Subsections (a), (b), (c), and (e)(1) of section 242B of the Immigration and Nationality Act [former 8 U.S.C. 1252b(a), (b), (c) and (e)(1)] (as inserted by the amendment made by subsection (a)), and the amendment made by subsection (e) [amending this section], shall be effective on a date specified by the Attorney General in the certification described in subparagraph (B), which date may not be earlier than 6 months after the date of such certification.
The Attorney General shall certify to the Congress when the central address file system (described in section 239(a)(4) [probably means 239(a)(3)] of the Immigration and Nationality Act) [8 U.S.C. 1229(a)(3)] has been established.
The Comptroller General shall submit to Congress, within 3 months after the date of the Attorney General’s certification under subparagraph (B), a report on the adequacy of such system.
Subsections (d), (e)(2), and (e)(3) of section 242B of the Immigration and Nationality Act (as inserted by the amendment made by subsection (a)) shall be effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 1990].
Subsection (e)(4) of section 242B of the Immigration and Nationality Act (as inserted by the amendment made by subsection (a)) shall be effective on February 1, 1991.
Subject to subsection (b) and notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Attorney General, in the discretion of the Attorney General, may accept, hold, administer, and utilize gifts of property and services (which may not include cash assistance) from State and local governments for the purpose of assisting the Immigration and Naturalization Service in the transportation of deportable aliens who are arrested for misdemeanor or felony crimes under State or Federal law and who are either unlawfully within the United States or willing to submit to voluntary departure under safeguards. Any property acquired pursuant to this section shall be acquired in the name of the United States.

References: § 307
 § 106
 § 106
 § 101
 § 101
 § 106
 § 106
 § 106
 § 101
 § 106
 § 306
 § 440
 § 440
 § 440
 § 371
 § 436
 § 440
 § 440
 § 438
 § 306
 § 224
 § 130001
 § 219
 § 20301
 § 307
 § 309
 § 504
 § 603
 § 603
 § 18
 § 18
 § 306
 § 307