Source: http://www.gps.caltech.edu/people/andrew-p-ingersoll
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 22:24:18+00:00

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Dynamic meteorology and climatology; spacecraft studies of the Earth and other planets; chaotic dust storms and polar caps of Mars; moist convection and the long lived atmospheric vortices of Jupiter; oceanography; the unity of atmospheric circulations throughout the solar system.
Understanding how atmospheres work, classifying their behavior, and developing numerical models to explain—these are the goals of a planetary meteorologist. The tools are interplanetary spacecraft like Viking, Pioneer Venus, Voyager, Mars Gobal Surveyor, Galileo, and Cassini—which collect data about temperatures, pressures, winds, clouds, and gaseous composition—and analysis tools including pencil and paper, computer workstations, video displays, and supercomputers.
Twelve planetary objects with atmospheres have been visited by spacecraft. Earth is in an intermediate class as regards atmospheric density. It absorbs energy at a higher rate (power per unit area) than any other planet with an atmosphere, and it has the most unpredictable weather. Its large-scale weather patterns (jet streams) are also the most slow-moving of any planetary circulations.
The Moon and Mercury have ballistic atmospheres, consisting of individual molecules hopping across the surface. Io, Triton, and Mars have thin, fluid atmospheres whose properties are largely controlled by interaction with surface frost deposits that have the same chemical composition as the atmospheres. To various degrees, these atmospheres "freeze out" during the night and during the winter seasons. Io's atmosphere is so thin that its horizontal winds reach supersonic speeds as the gas expands into the vacuum on the night side. Titan and Venus are more Earth-like, in that the surface and atmosphere interact on longer (geologic) time scales. Atmospheric density is larger for these objects than for the Earth, and the circulations are predominantly zonal—the winds blow east and west. The giant planets—Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune—are fluid objects. There are no continents or oceans to interfere with the flow of gas in the atmosphere. The structures that one sees are fluid structures—patterns in the clouds made visible by condensation of trace constituents. The winds are huge—exceeding 400 meters per second (900 miles per hour) on Saturn and Neptune. And the largest storms, like the Great Red Spot of Jupiter, last for decades or centuries. Their complicated time-dependent behavior—mergings, oscillations, formation of streamers and cusps—can be simulated in numerical models when the right parameters are chosen as input.
In July of 1994, fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy/9 entered Jupiter's atmosphere with an energy equivalent to one million megatons of TNT. The Hubble Space Telescope observed waves spreading outward from the impact site. Their speed of propagation provided critical information about Jupiter's water cloud, which lies below the levels sensed by Voyager and Earth-based instruments. Exotic compounds from the comet and from Jupiter's deep atmosphere were visible in spectroscopic observations of the event.
In December of 1995, the Galileo probe entered Jupiter's atmosphere, sending back data on composition, winds, temperatures, cloud density, and light levels. The low abundance of water and the increase of wind speed with depth were two of the major surprises. Both surprises may be related to the unusual atmospheric dynamics at the probe site. Also in December 1995, the Galileo orbiter began its multi-year tour of Jupiter and its satellites. Some of the atmospheric science discoveries include the remarkable stability of the winds over 20 years since the Voyager era, the association of lightning with low-pressure systems, and the first observations of Jupiter's aurora in visible light. Lightning is an indicator of moist convection (thunderstorms), which may provide the energy for the larger structures like the Great Red Spot.
In 1997, the Mars Global Surveyor began its multi-year observations of Mars. The principal atmospheric objectives are to understand the cycles of carbon dioxide, water, and dust. In the north, several kilometers of water ice are covered every winter by a meter of carbon dioxide ice. In the south, the bulk composition could be either water ice or carbon dioxide ice. Dust affects the stability of the ice, and occasionally blots out the sun during a global dust storm. The mystery is why the dust storms occur at a specific time of year but not every year.
In December 2000, Cassini flew past Jupiter on its way to Saturn in 2004. With more sensitive instruments and more complete coverage in space and time than previous spacecraft, Cassini helps constrain the numerical models that seek to explain the high-speed jets and long-lived vortices that are so characteristic of these planet's atmospheres.
Computer simulation of the flow in Jupiter's southern hemisphere. The model integrates the shallow-water equations with zonally symmetric bottom topography. The latter is derived from the vorticity of fluid elements as they cross latitude lines. At each time step, the map shows pressure contours and the small insert to the right shows the zonal velocity profile, which is initially set equal to the Jovian profile. The sequence shows small vortices merging after the initial instability to form larger vortices, which eventually merge into a single large vortex at the latitude of the Great Red Spot. Reprinted from Dowling and Ingersoll (1989).
Professor Ingersoll is involved in all phases of this research. He has been involved with the Voyager, Mars Global Surveyor, Galileo, and Cassini spacecraft. His colleague, Ed Danielson, built the camera for the Mars Golbal Surveyor mission. Another colleague, Eric DeJong, manages the Solar System Visualization program, to organize, animate, and display the atmospheres in motion and the surfaces at full resolution. Ph.D.'s and postdocs Glenn Orton, Tony Dobrovolskis, David Pollard, Judy Pechmann, P. G. Cuong, Dave Paige, Dave Crisp, Jim Friedson, Tim Dowling, Rich Achterberg, Don Banfield, Steve Leroy, Adam Showman, Nilton Renno, Ashwin Vasavada, Alexey Pankine, and Ulyana Dyudina have worked with spacecraft data and have developed numerical models of atmospheric motions. Undergraduates Ron Miller, Mordecai-Mark MacLow, Jesus Maiz, Steve Schlipf, Mike Smith, Cindy Machacek, Katharine Ip, Melissa Strausberg, and Michael Quinn have contributed to these programs. And current graduate students are working on exciting new projects. The planets add a new dimension to atmospheric science research, and Caltech is at the front of it.
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Ingersoll, A.P. Polarization measurements of Mars and Mercury: Rayleigh scattering in the Martian atmosphere. Astrophys. J. 163, 121-129, 197l.
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Ingersoll, A.P. Mars: The case against permanent CO2 frost caps. J. Geophys. Res. 79, 3403-3410, 1974.
Dobrovolskis, A.R., and A.P. Ingersoll. Carbon dioxide-water clathrate as a reservoir of CO2 on Mars. Icarus 26, 353-357, 1975.
Dzurisin, D. and A.P. Ingersoll. Seasonal buffering of atmospheric pressure on Mars. Icarus 26, 437-440, 1975.
Ingersoll, A.P. and G.A. Chapman. Temperature variation with latitude in the upper solar photosphere: Relevance to solar oblateness measurements and facular models. Solar Phys. 42, 279-288, 1975.
Ingersoll, A.P., G. Munch, G. Neugebauer, D. Diner, G.S. Orton, B. Schupler, M. Schroeder, S.C. Chase, R. Ruiz, and L.M. Trafton. Pioneer 11 infrared radiometer experiment: The global heat balance of Jupiter. Science 188, 472-473, 1975.
Ingersoll, A.P. Pioneer 10 and 11 observations and the dynamics of Jupiter's atmosphere. Icarus 29, 245-253, 1976.
Ingersoll, A.P., G. Munch, G. Neugebauer, and G.S. Orton. Results of the infrared radiometer experiment on Pioneers 10 and 11. In Jupiter, edited by T. Gehrels, pp. 197-205, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1976.
Ingersoll, A.P. The atmosphere of Jupiter. Space Sci. Rev. 18, 603-639, 1976.
Orton, G.S., and A.P. Ingersoll. Pioneer 10 and 11 and ground-based infrared data on Jupiter: The thermal structure and He/H2 ratio. In Jupiter, edited by T. Gehrels, pp. 206-215, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1976.
Tomasko, M.G., R. Boese, A.P. Ingersoll, A.A. Lacis, S.S. Limaye, J.B. Pollack, A. Seiff, A.I. Stewart, V.E. Suomi, and F.W. Taylor. The thermal balance of the atmosphere of Venus. Space Sci. Rev. 20, 389-412, 1977.
Ingersoll, A.P. and C.C. Porco. Solar heating and internal heat flow on Jupiter. Icarus 35, 27-43, 1978.
Gierasch, P.J., A.P. Ingersoll, and D. Pollard. Baroclinic instabilities in Jupiter's zonal flow. Icarus 40, 205-212, 1979.
Ingersoll, A.P. and A.R. Dobrovolskis. Venus' rotation and atmospheric tides. Nature 275, 37-38, l978; ibid. 277, 152, 1979.
Ingersoll, A.P., A.R. Dobrovolskis, and B.M. Jakosky. Planetary atmospheres. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 17, 1722-1735, 1979.
Ingersoll, A.P., R.F. Beebe, S.A. Collins, G.E. Hunt, J.L. Mitchell, P. Muller, B.A. Smith, and R.J. Terrile. Zonal velocity and texture in Jupiter's atmosphere inferred from Voyager images. Nature 280, 773-775, 1979.
Mitchell, J.L., R.J. Terrile, B.A. Smith, J.P. Muller, A.P. Ingersoll, G.E. Hunt, S.A. Collins, and R.F. Beebe. Jovian cloud structures and velocity fields. Nature 280, 776-778, 1979.
Smith, B.A., L.A. Soderblom, T.V. Johnson, A.P. Ingersoll, S.A. Collins, E.M. Shoemaker, G.E. Hunt, H. Masursky, M.H. Carr, M.E. Davies, A.F. Cook, II, J. Boyce, G.E. Danielson, T. Owen, C. Sagan, R.F. Beebe, J. Veverka, R.G. Strom, J.F. McCauley, D. Morrison, G.A. Briggs, and V.E. Suomi. The Jupiter system through the eyes of Voyager 1. Science 204, 951-972, 1979.
Taylor, F.W., D.J. Diner, L.S. Elson, M.S. Hanner, D.J. McCleese, J.V. Martonchik, P.E. Reichley, J.T. Houghton, J. Delderfield, J.T. Schofield, S.E. Bradley, and A.P. Ingersoll. Infrared remote sounding of the middle atmosphere of Venus from the Pioneer orbiter. Science 203, 779-781, 1979.
Smith, B.A., L.A. Soderblom, R.F. Beebe, J.M. Boyce, G.A. Briggs, M.H. Carr, S.A. Collins, A.F. Cook, G.E. Danielson, M.E. Davies, G.E. Hunt, A.P. Ingersoll, T.V. Johnson, H. Masursky, J.F. McCauley, D. Morrison, T. Owen, C. Sagan, E.M. Shoemaker, R. Strom, V.E. Suomi, and J. Veverka. The Galilean satellites and Jupiter: Voyager 2 imaging science results. Science 206, 927-950, 1979.
Beebe, R., A.P. Ingersoll, G.E. Hunt, J.L. Mitchell, and J. Muller. Measurements of wind vectors, eddy momentum transports, and energy conversions in Jupiter's atmosphere from Voyager 1 images. Geophys. Res. Lett. 7, 1-4, 1980.
Dobrovolskis, A.R., and A.P. Ingersoll. Atmospheric tides and the rotation of Venus. I. Tidal theory and the balance of torques. Icarus 41, 1-17, 1980.
Ingersoll, A.P. and J.B. Pechmann. Venus lower atmosphere heat balance. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 8219-8222, 1980.
Ingersoll, A.P., G.S. Orton, G. Neugebauer, G. Munch, and S.C. Chase. Pioneer Saturn infrared radiometer preliminary results. Science 207, 439-443, 1980.
Froidevaux, L. and A.P. Ingersoll. Temperature and optical depths of Saturn's rings and a brightness temperature for Titan. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 5929-5936, 1980.
Pollard, D., A.P. Ingersoll, and J.G. Lockwood. Response of a zonal climate-ice sheet model to the orbital perturbations during the Quaternary ice ages. Tellus 32, 301-319, 1980.
Orton, G.S. and A.P. Ingersoll. Saturn's atmospheric temperature structure and heat budget. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 5871-5881, 1980.
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Hatzes, A., D. Wenkert, A.P. Ingersoll, and G.E. Danielson. Oscillations and velocity structure of a long-lived cyclonic spot. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 8745-8749, 1981.
Ingersoll, A.P., R.F. Beebe, J.L. Mitchell, G.W. Garneau, G.M. Yagi and, J.-P. Muller. Interactions of eddies and mean zonal flow on Jupiter as inferred from Voyager 1 and 2 images. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 8733-8743, 1981.
Ingersoll, A.P., and P.G. Cuong. Numerical model of long-lived Jovian vortices. J. Atmos. Sci. 38, 2067-2076, 1981.
Mitchell, J.L., R.F. Beebe, A.P. Ingersoll, and G.W. Garneau. Velocity fields within Jupiter's Great Red Spot and White Oval BC. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 8751-8757, 1981.
Orton, G.S., A.P. Ingersoll, R.J. Terrile, and S.R. Walton. Images of Jupiter from the Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 infrared radiometers: A comparison with visible and 5 micron images. Icarus 47, 145-158, 1981.
Smith, B.A., L.A. Soderblom, R.F. Beebe, J.M. Boyce, G.A. Briggs, A.S. Bunker, S.A. Collins, C.J. Hansen, T.V. Johnson, J.L. Mitchell, R.J. Terrile, M. Carr, A.F. Cook II, J.N. Cuzzi, J.B. Pollack, G.E. Danielson, A.P.Ingersoll, M.E. Davies, G.E. Hunt, H. Masursky, E. Shoemaker, D. Morrison, T. Owen, C. Sagan, J. Veverka, R. Strom, and V.E. Soumi. Encounter with Saturn: Voyager 1 imaging science results. Science 212, 163-191, 1981.
Smith, B.A., L.A. Soderblom, R.M. Batson, P.M. Bridges, J.L. Inge, H. Masursky, E.M. Shoemaker, R.M. Beebe, J.M. Boyce, G.A. Briggs, A.S. Bunker, S.A. Collins, C.J. Hansen, T.V. Johnson, J.L. Mitchell, R.J. Terrile, A.F. Cook II, J.N. Cuzzi, J.B. Pollack, G.E. Danielson, A.P. Ingersoll, M.E. Davies, G.E. Hunt, D. Morrison, T.C. Owen, C. Sagan, J. Veverka, R.G. Strom, and V.E. Suomi. A new look at the Saturn system: The Voyager 2 images. Science 215, 504-537, 1982.
Ingersoll, A.P. and D. Pollard. Motions in the interiors and atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn: Scale analysis, anelastic equations, barotropic stability criterion. Icarus 52, 62-80, 1982.
Pechmann, J.B. and A.P. Ingersoll. Thermal tides in the atmosphere of Venus: Comparison of model results with observations. J. Atmos. Sci. 41, 3290-3313, 1984.
Ingersoll, A.P., R.F. Beebe, B.J. Conrath, and G.E. Hunt. Structure and dynamics of Saturn's atmosphere. In Saturn, edited by T. Gehrels and M.S. Matthews, pp. 195-238, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1984.
Ingersoll, A.P., M.E. Summers, and S. Schlipf. Supersonic meteorology of Io: Sublimation-driven flow of SO2. Icarus 64, 375-390, 1985.
Paige, D.A. and A.P. Ingersoll. Annual heat balance of the Martian polar caps from Viking observations. Science 228, 1160-1168, 1985.
Blamont, J.E., R.E. Young, A. Seiff, B. Ragent, R.Z. Sagdeev, V.M. Linkin, V.V. Kerzhanovich, A.P. Ingersoll, D. Crisp, L.S. Elson, R.A. Preston, G.S. Golitsyn, and V.N. Ivanov. Implications of the VEGA balloon results for Venus atmospheric dynamics. Science 231, 1422-1425, 1986.
Linkin, V.M., V.V. Kerzhanovich, A.N. Lipatov, A.A. Shurupov, A. Seiff, B. Ragent, R.E. Young, A.P. Ingersoll, D. Crisp, L.S. Elson, R.A. Preston, and J.E. Blamont. Thermal structure of the Venus atmosphere in the middle cloud layer. Science 231, 1420-1422, 1986.
Linkin, V.M., V.V. Kerzhanovich, A.N. Lipatov, K.M. Pichkadze, A.A. Shurupov, A.V. Terterashvili, A.P. Ingersoll, D. Crisp, A.W. Grossman, R.E. Young, A. Seiff, B. Ragent, J.E. Blamont, L.S. Elson, and R.A. Preston. VEGA balloon dynamics and vertical winds in the Venus middle cloud region. Science 231, 1417-1419, 1986.
Sagdeev, R.Z., V.M. Linkin, V.V. Kerzhanovich, A.N. Lipatov, A.A. Shurupov, J.E. Blamont, D. Crisp, A. P. Ingersoll, L.S. Elson, R.A. Preston, C.E. Hildebrand, B. Ragent, A. Seiff, R. Young, G. Petit, L. Boloh, Yu.N. Alexandrov, N.A. Armand, R.V. Bakitko, and A.S. Selivanov. Overview of the VEGA Venus balloon in situ meteorological measurements. Science 231, 1411-1422, 1986.
MacLow, M.-M. and A.P. Ingersoll. Merging of vortices in the atmosphere of Jupiter: An analysis of Voyager images. Icarus 65, 353-369, 1986.
Ingersoll, A.P. and R.L. Miller. Motions in the interiors and atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn. Icarus 65, 370-382, 1986.
Smith, B.A., L.A. Soderblom, R. Beebe, D. Bliss, J.M. Boyce, A. Brahic, G.A. Briggs, R.H. Brown, S.A. Collins, A.F.Cook, II, S.K. Croft, J.N. Cuzzi, G.E. Danielson, M.E. Davies, T.E. Dowling, D.Godfrey, C.J. Hansen, C. Harris, G.E. Hunt, A.P. Ingersoll, T.V. Johnson, R.J. Krauss, H. Masursky, D. Morrison, T. Owen, J.B. Plescia, J.B. Pollack, C.C. Porco, K. Rages, C. Sagan, E.M. Schoemaker, L.A. Sromovsky, C. Stoker, R.G. Strom, V.E. Suomi, S.P. Synnott, R.J. Terrile, P. Thomas, W.R. Thompson, J. Veverka. Voyager 2 in the Uranian system: Imaging science results. Science 233, 43-64, 1986.
Ingersoll, A.P., D. Crisp, A.W. Grossman, and the VEGA Balloon Science Team. Estimates of convective heat fluxes and gravity wave amplitudes in the Venus middle cloud layer from VEGA balloon measurements. Adv. Space Res. 7, (12)343 - (12)349, 1987.
Friedson, J., and A.P. Ingersoll. Seasonal meridional energy balance and thermal structure of the atmosphere of Uranus: A radiative-convective- dynamical model. Icarus 69, 135-156, 1987.
Dowling, T.E. and A.P. Ingersoll. Potential vorticity and layer thickness variations of the flow around Jupiter's Great Red Spot and White Oval BC. J. Atmos. Sci. 45, 1380-1396, 1988.
Ingersoll, A.P. Io meteorology: How atmospheric pressure is controlled locally by volcanoes and surface frosts. Icarus 81, 298-313, 1989.
Achterberg, R.K., and A.P. Ingersoll. A normal-mode approach to Jovian atmospheric dynamics. J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 2448-2462, 1989.
Dowling, T.E., and A.P. Ingersoll. Jupiter's Great Red Spot as a shallow water system. J. Atmos. Sci. 46, 3256-3278, 1989.
Hammel, H.B., R.F. Beebe, E.M. De Jong, C.J. Hansen, C.D. Howell, A.P. Ingersoll, T.V. Johnson, S.S. Limaye, J.A. Magalhaes, J.B. Pollack, L.A. Sromovsky, V.E. Suomi, and C.E. Swift. Neptune's wind speeds obtained by tracking clouds in Voyager images. Science 245, 1367-1369, 1989.
Smith, B.A., L.A. Soderblom, D. Banfield, C. Barnet, A.T. Basilevksy, R. Beebe, K. Bollinger, J.M. Boyce, A. Brahic, G.A. Briggs, R.H. Brown, C. Chyba, S.A. Collins, T. Colvin, A.F. Cook II, D. Crisp, S.K. Croft, D. Cruikshank, J.N. Cuzzi, G.E. Danielson, M.E. Davies, E. DeJong, L. Dones, D. Godfrey, J. Goguen, I. Grenier, V.R. Haemmerle, H. Hammel, C.J. Hansen, C.P. Helfenstein, C. Howell, G.E. Hung, A.P. Ingersoll, D.M. Janes, T.V. Johnson, J. Kargel, R. Kirk, D.I. Kuehn, S. Limaye, H. Masursky, A. McEwen, D. Morrison, T. Owen, W. Owen, J.B. Pollack, C.C. Porco, K. Rages, D. Rudy, C. Sagan, J. Schwartz, E.M. Shoemaker, M. Showalter, B. Sicardy, D. Simonelli, J. Spencer, L.A. Sromovsky, C. Stoker, R.G. Strom, V.E. Suomi, S.P. Synott, R.J. Terrile, P. Thomas, W.R. Thompson, A. Verbiscer, J. Veverka. Voyager 2 at Neptune: Imaging science results. Science 246, 1422-1499, 1989.
Crisp, D., A.P. Ingersoll, C.E. Hildebrand and R.A. Preston. VEGA balloon meteorological measurements. Adv. Space Res. 10, (5)109-(5)124, 1990.
Ingersoll, A.P. Dynamics of Triton's atmosphere. Nature 344, 315-317, 1990.
Ingersoll, A.P. Atmospheric dynamics of the outer planets. Science 248, 308-315, 1990.
Polvani, L.M., J. Wisdom, E. DeJong and A.P. Ingersoll. Simple dynamical models of Neptune's Great Dark Spot. Science 249, 1393-1398, 1990.
Hansen, C., A. McEwen, A. Ingersoll, and R. Terrile. Surface and airborne evidence for plumes and winds on Triton. Science 250, 421-424, 1990.
Ingersoll, A.P., and K.A. Tryka. Triton's plumes: The dust devil hypothesis. Science 250, 435-437, 1990.
Allison, M., R.F. Beebe, B.J. Conrath, D.P. Hinson, and A.P. Ingersoll. Uranus atmospheric dynamics and circulation. In Uranus, edited by J. Bergstralh, E. Miner, and M. Matthews, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 253-295, 1991.
Belton, M.J.S., P.J. Gierasch, M.D. Smith, P. Helfenstein, P.J. Schinder, J.B. Pollack, K.A. Rages, A.P. Ingersoll, K.P. Klaasen, J. Veverka, C.D. Anger, M.H. Carr, C.R. Chapman, M.E. Davies, F.P. Fanale, R. Greeley, R. Greenberg, J.W. Head III, D. Morrison, G. Neukum, C.B. Pilcher. Images from Galileo of the Venus cloud deck. Science 253, 1531-1536, 1991.
Belton, M.J.S., J.W. Head, III, C.M. Pieters, R. Greeley, A.S. McEwen, G. Neukum, K.P. Klaasen, C.D. Anger, M.H. Carr, C.R. Chapman, M.E. Davies, F.P. Fanale, P.J. Gierasch, R. Greenberg, A.P. Ingersoll, T. Johnson, B. Paczkowski, C.B. Pilcher, and J. Veverka. Lunar impact basins and crustal heterogeneity: New western limb and far side data from Galileo. Science 255, 570-576, 1992.
Malin, M.C., G.E. Danielson, A.P. Ingersoll, H. Masursky, J. Veverka, M.A. Ravine and T.A. Soulanille. Mars Observer Camera. J. Geophys. Res. 97, 7699-7718, 1992.
Belton, M.J.S., K.P. Klaasen, M.C. Clary, J.L. Anderson, C.D. Anger, M.H. Carr, C.R. Chapman, M.E. Davies, R. Greeley, D. Anderson, L.K. Bolef, T.E. Townsend, R. Greenberg, J.W. Head III, G. Neukum, C.B. Pilcher, J. Veverka, P.J. Gierasch, F.P. Fanale, A.P. Ingersoll, H. Masursky, D. Morrison, and J.B. Pollack. The Galileo Solid-State Imaging Experiment. Space Sci. Rev. 60, 413-455, 1992.
Westphal, J.A., W.A. Baum, A.P. Ingersoll, C.D. Barnet, E.M. De Jong, G.E. Danielson, and J. Caldwell. Hubble Space Telescope observations of the 1990 equatorial disturbance on Saturn: Images, albedos, and limb darkening. Icarus 100, 485-498, 1992.
Ingersoll, A.P., T. Svitek, and B.C. Murray. Stability of polar frosts in spherical bowl-shaped craters on the Moon, Mercury, and Mars. Icarus 100, 40-47, 1992.
Ingersoll, A.P. and J.R. Lyons. Mars dust storms: Interannual variability and chaos. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 10951-10961, 1993.
Achterberg, R.K. and A.P. Ingersoll. Numerical simulation of baroclinic Jovian vortices. J. Atmos. Sci. 51, 541-562, 1994.
Ingersoll, A.P., H. Kanamori, and T.E. Dowling. Atmospheric gravity waves from the impact of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1083-1086, 1994.
Belton, M.J.S., R. Greeley, R. Greenberg, A. McEwen, K.P. Klaasen, J.W. Head III, C. Pieters, G. Neukum, C.R. Chapman, P. Geissler, C. Heffernan, H. Breneman, C. Anger, M.H. Carr, M.E. Davies, F.P. Fanale, P.J. Gierasch, A.P. Ingersoll, T.V. Johnson, C.B. Pilcher, W.R. Thompson, J. Veverka, and C. Sagan. Galileo multispectral imaging of the north polar and eastern limb regions of the Moon. Science 264, 1112-1115, 1994.
Holme, R. and A.P. Ingersoll. Baroclinic instability in the interiors of the giant planets: A cooling history of Uranus. Icarus 110, 340-356, 1994.
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