Source: https://www.ijese.org/download/volume-3-issue-8/
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 02:10:13+00:00

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Abstract: Audio Watermarking is the process of embedding information into a signal in a way that is difficult to remove. If the signal is copied, then the information is also carried in the copy. Audio Watermarking has become increasingly important to enable copyright protection and ownership verification. This paper investigates the use of wavelet transform for denoising audio signals contaminated with noises.
Keywords: Wavelet transform, watermarking, attacks, de-noising.
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Abstract: In the embedded system the Processors are the computing elements. Most of the embedded systems are portable battery powered systems. The system depends on the battery life, which is determined by the power consumption of the entire system. So This paper Shows and presents -from starting of the embedded system definition- the factors of power consumption of an embedded system Processor.
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Keywords: Robot, DOF, manipulator, forward kinamatics, DH notations.
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Abstract: Energy is used in our daily life in one or another way. Without energy our life is nothing. Energy sources can be broadly classified as conventional or non-conventional sources/ Non-Renewable or Renewable energy. Conventional sources of energy or non-renewable sources are going to be exhausted and become nil in coming future. Whereas the renewable sources of energy are abundant in quantity and will always present. The idea is to make changes in selecting the source of energy so, that we become eco-friendly and prevent ourself in going towards the dark & grim end of conventional sources of energy.
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Abstract: Change detection plays a vital role in overseeing the transformations on the earth surface. Due to the existence of speckle noise in SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images, change detection becomes a challenging problem. Modified change detection in SAR images is proposed in this paper. It consists of four steps: Difference image generation using Gauss-log ratio operator and Log-ratio operator, image fusion using LEP (Local Edge Preserving) filter, image de-noising using Frost filter and to differentiate changed and unchanged regions in the fused image by using Reformulated Fuzzy Local Information C-Means (RFLICM)clustering. The proposed method is compared with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based change detection method using synthetic and real SAR images. The performances are evaluated by means of Overall Error (OE), Percentage Correct Classification (PCC), Kappa Coefficient (KC), Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Segmentation Matching Factor (SMF). The results show that combination of gauss-log ratio operator and image fusion using LEP Filtering performs better than dwt based change detection.
Keywords: change detection, gauss-log ratio, frost filter, local edge preserving (LEP), synthetic aperture radar (SAR).
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Abstract: This work presents the design and practical implementation of an embedded system which can measure temperature of the environment and uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance of objects ranging from 2 cm to 400 cm. The measured temperature is compensated to find the speed of the ultrasonic wave to obtain a more accurate distance measurement. The heart of the embedded system is a low-cost, low-power, and high-performance ATmega328P microcontroller from Atmel. The results showed that, using the TMP36 for temperature compensation improves the accuracy of the designed system.
Keywords: Distance measurement, embedded system, microcontroller, temperature sensor, ultrasonic sensor.
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Abstract: In the epistemology of business, a critical question would be how one will be able to assess the data and determine business theory? Utilizing empirical study and using inductive or deductive methods in testing hypotheses one will be able to arrive to conclusion in the quest of business knowledge. This study describes the two epistemological approaches in assessing research objectives which are Foundation list and anti-foundation list approaches namely : critical rationalism and social constructionist are utilized in attaining business knowledge and checking the linkage of objectives in the research design . The approaches are appraised and compared fully in this work.
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