Source: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/253/136/
Timestamp: 2019-04-18 15:02:48+00:00

Document:
A decree of the Circuit Court of Appeal in a suit for infringement of patent and copyright and for unfair competition, is reviewable by this Court on certiorari, as if on appeal. P. 253 U. S. 140. Jud.Code, §§ 128, 240.
An order of the Circuit Court of Appeals reversing an order of the district court awarding a preliminary injunction will not be reversed by this Court unless clearly erroneous. P. 253 U. S. 141.
Upon appeal from an order granting a preliminary injunction, it is proper for the circuit court of appeals to consider a change of circumstances resulting from the reversal of a decree in another circuit upon which the district court relied. Id.
Upon an appeal under Jud.Code § 129 from an order granting a preliminary injunction against the defendant, it would be erroneous for the circuit court of appeals to grant a final decree for the plaintiff upon proof by affidavit of a recent decree in another circuit claimed to work an estoppel in plaintiff's favor, for defendant must have opportunity to set up and establish its defenses. Id.
A conflict of views claimed to exist between the circuit court of appeals in this case and a circuit court of appeals of another circuit in a suit over the same subject and, as claimed, between the same parties in interest, held not to justify this Court in deciding the merits on interlocutory appeal. P. 253 U. S. 142.
manual relating thereto. Meccano v. Wagner, 234 F. 912. An appeal was taken to the Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit. The same corporation instituted the present suit in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York (December 9, 1916) seeking like relief against John Wanamaker, a customer of Wagner.
"It seems quite apparent that the patent is infringed and that diagrams and directions as to construction have been borrowed by defendant from complainant's copyrighted catalogues, and that the system of construction adopted by the defendant is a direct imitation of complainant's system."
An appeal followed, pending which the Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit (November, 1917), reversed the Ohio district court's decree so far as it sustained the patent, approved it otherwise, and remanded the cause for further proceedings. Wagner v. Meccano, 246 F. 603.
an injunction pendente lite, from which the defendant appealed. That appeal is still pending undetermined in this Court. Meanwhile, the plaintiff had in the district court required the defendant to answer certain interrogatories, by which it appeared that the defendant procured from one Wagner the toys which it sold in alleged unfair competition and in violation of the patent, and also the 'manuals' which went with the toys and explained their uses, which are alleged to infringe the copyright. The interrogatories further showed that Wagner had agreed to hold the defendant harmless for any sales of the toys and manuals, and that, in pursuance of that undertaking, he had taken a share in the defense of this suit. While it did not appear exactly what that share was, it may be assumed, for the purpose of the motion only, that Wagner has assumed the chief conduct of the case, and that the defendant remains only formally represented."
"The plaintiff sued Wagner in Ohio upon the three same causes of equity and obtained a decree upon all. Later, an appeal was taken to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit, and the decree was affirmed except as to the patent, which was declared invalid, and which the plaintiff has now withdrawn from this suit. No final decree has been entered, and the Ohio cause now stands for an accounting in the district court. This motion is upon the record in the Ohio suit, which is made a part of the moving papers, and it presupposes that this Court may pass a final decree for the plaintiff upon the appeal from the injunction pendente lite, upon the assumption that that record is a complete estoppel against the defendant here, and leaves open no issues for determination between the parties."
an appeal as that now pending. Mast, Foos & Co. v. Stover Mfg. Co., supra, was a case where the bill was dismissed, and no case has so far held that the plaintiff could obtain an affirmative decree. As we think the motion must be denied upon the merits, we leave open the question whether the plaintiff may, in any event, so terminate the litigation. . . . It is apparent that some of the issues are different from those litigated in Ohio; they involve not only the defendant's rights to sell Wagner's toys and manuals, but any others which it may procure elsewhere. . . . At best, the rule in Mast, Foos & Co. v. Stover Mfg. Co., supra, is limited to those cases in which the court can see that the whole issues can be disposed of at once without injustice to the parties. Whatever may be the result here, it is apparent that the case involves more than can be so decided."
April 15, 1918, the court below reversed the challenged preliminary order. After stating that the trial court very naturally followed the Ohio district court, it referred to the partial reversal of the decree there announced and expressed entire agreement with the Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit, in holding the patent invalid. And, having considered the evidence relating to copyright and unfair competition, it found no adequate ground for an injunction. 250 F. 450. The cause comes here by certiorari. See Ex parte Wagner, 249 U. S. 465.
Mast, Foos & Co. v. Stover Manufacturing Co., 177 U. S. 485, 177 U. S. 494; Harriman v. Northern Securities Co., supra; United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. v. Bray, 225 U. S. 205, 225 U. S. 214; Denver v. New York Trust Co., supra. This power is not limited to mere consideration of, and action upon, the order appealed from, but, if insuperable objection to maintaining the bill clearly appears, it may be dismissed and the litigation terminated.
The correct general doctrine is that whether a preliminary injunction shall be awarded rests in sound discretion of the trial court. Upon appeal, an order granting or denying such an injunction will not be disturbed, unless contrary to some rule of equity, or the result of improvident exercise of judicial discretion. Rabley v. Columbia Phonograph Co., 122 F. 623; Texas Traction Co. v. Barron G. Collier, Inc., 195 F. 65, 66; Southern Express Co. v. Long, 202 F. 462; City of Amarillo v. Southwestern Telegraph & Telephone Co., 253 F. 638. The informed judgment of the circuit court of appeals exercised upon a view of all relevant circumstances is entitled to great weight. And, except for strong reasons, this Court will not interfere with its action. No such reasons are presented by the present record.
Pending the New York appeal, the situation underwent a radical change -- the Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit, reversed the decree upholding petitioner's patent. Evidently the trial court had granted the preliminary injunction in entire reliance upon that decree, and after its reversal, the court below properly took notice of and considered the changed circumstances. Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Ry. v. Dennis, 224 U. S. 503, 224 U. S. 505-506.
no ground exists for equitable relief; but finally to decide a defendant's rights upon the mere statement of his adversary, although apparently supported by ex parte affidavits and decrees of other courts is not within the purview of the act. He is entitled to a day in court with opportunity to set up and establish his defenses. The motion for final judgment was properly overruled. Eagle Glass & Manufacturing Co. v. Rowe, 245 U. S. 275, 245 U. S. 281.
Petitioner's motion to enter a disclaimer must be denied.
If the two circuit courts of appeals have expressed conflicting views, we cannot now declare which is right or undertake finally to decide the several issues involved upon their merits. The matter for review here is the action of the courts below upon the preliminary order for injunction, and we may go no further. Leeds & Catlin Co. v. Victor Talking Machine Co., 213 U. S. 301, 213 U. S. 311; Lutcher & Moore Lumber Co. v. Knight, 217 U. S. 257, 217 U. S. 267.
The judgment of the circuit court of appeals is affirmed. The cause will be remanded to the district court for further proceedings in conformity with this opinion.

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