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Timestamp: 2019-04-23 10:37:59+00:00

Document:
Orissa Olympic Association through General Secretary Vs. State of Orissa & ANR.
The assailment in the instant appeal, by special leave, is to the legal acceptability of the judgment and order dated 29.11.2014 passed by the High Court of Orissa, Cuttack, in First Appeal No. 158 of 2001 whereby the learned Single Judge has set aside the judgment and decree dated 16.04.1999 and 21.04.1999 respectively passed by the learned Additional Civil Judge, Senior Division, Cuttack in T.S. No. 312 of 1991 wherein the learned trial Judge had decreed the suit of the plaintiff-appellant and permanently restrained the defendants, the State of Orissa and its functionaries, from disturbing the peaceful possession of the plaintiff- association over the suit land.
2. The facts which are essential to be exposited for the purpose of the present appeal are that the appellant-association was granted lease of land measuring acres 20.808 decimals appertaining to Sabik Settlement Plot No. 156 and portions of Plot Nos. 139, 143, 155 and 177 for the construction of a stadium. The lease deed was executed on 04.09.1949 and registered on 24.09.1949. After obtaining the lease of the land, the appellant raised high compound walls enclosing the lease hold area. However, to the north eastern side, a space measuring about 75 decimals was left outside the compound for the purpose of parking in respect of which also the possession remained with the appellant.
3. As further averred in the plaint, subsequent to the grant of lease in the year 1949, the association was granted further areas for which fresh lease deed was executed. The plaintiff has pleaded that the leasehold area of acres 20.808 decimals included an area of acres 6.520 decimals of Sabik Plot No. 139. An area of 0.048 decimals of this plot was then included in the barbed wire compound of the then Secretariat which is in occupation of the Branch Recruiting Office. It was put forth that though the recorded area of Plot No. 139 was acres 7.345 decimals, yet on actual spot measurement, it was acres 6.568 decimals. It was asserted that the entire area was within the compound of the association except the area of acres 0.075 decimals that was left outside the compound for the purpose of parking and the area of acres 0.048 decimals which was within the Secretariat enclosure.
4. It was further asseverated in the plaint that during Hal settlement operation, due to lack of supervision, certain mistakes occurred in recording of different plots. As far as Sabik Plot No. 139 is concerned, a part of it measuring an area of acre 0.705 decimals was included in the Hal Plot No. 7 out of which acre 0.630 decimals were within the compound of the plaintiff-association and acre 0.075 decimals was outside (0.630 + 0.075 = 0.705) the land.
Thus, the total land was acre 0.705 decimals. It had been further set forth that the Hal Plot No. 7 also included portions of Sabik Plot Nos. 137 and 140 and thereby Hal Plot No. 7 with a total area of acre 0.880 decimals stood included in the Hal Khata No. 203 which was recorded in the name of the State as "rakhit". It was contended that the said record was erroneous in view of the fact that no part of the said plot was in Khas possession of the State. As indicated earlier, acres 0.705 decimals relating to Sabik Plot No. 139 was in possession of the appellant.
The remaining area of acre 0.175 decimals relating to Sabik Plot No 137 and Plot No. 140 was in possession of the Branch recruiting office. Prior to the settlement, there was no "rakhit" land by the side of the road to be recorded in the name of the State. A number of very old houses belonging to the plaintiff and to the Branch recruiting office physically stood on this Hal Plot No. 7. The Hal settlement Khatian was finally published on 11.04.1988 but it was not available to the public. It was alleged that the land in question was in possession of the association and further though a vast area covering about twenty four acres was in possession, yet the incorrect entry/inclusion in the Hal settlement could not be detected earlier as the Hal Settlement Map was not available.
5. As set forth in the plaint, the Tahsildar initiated proceeding against the appellant under the Orissa Prevention of Land Encroachment Act, 1972 (for brevity, "the Act") vide Encroachment Case No. 213/1 of 1990/91 under the Act for eviction and the said proceeding was based on the wrong record as mentioned above.
6. Because of these circumstances, the appellant, after serving notice u/s 80 CPC instituted the suit for right, title and interest and permanent injunction in respect of the suit property, i.e., Khata No. 203, Plot No. 7 measuring acre 0.705 decimals corresponding to part of Sabik Plot No. 139 on the ground that the land had been leased out in its favour. A relief was also sought to declare that the record of Hal Plot No.7 in Hal Khata No. 203 so far as it related to acre 0.705 decimals of Sabik Plot No. 139 be declared incorrect. That apart, the plaintiff alternatively prayed for a declaration that it had perfected title over the suit land by way of adverse possession.
7. The defendants filed the written statement admitting that the plaintiff-association was in possession of the area as claimed. It also accepted that the association had constructed a massive stadium and many other houses and the entire area was enclosed by high compound walls. The defendants-respondents denied that the leasehold area of acres 20.808 decimals included an area of acres 6.520 decimals of Sabik Plot No. 139. It was their stand that it included an area of acres 6.222 decimals.
It was averred that an area acres 20.808 decimals had been leased out for twenty years for construction of stadium as per Government order in letter no. 17484 dated 29.6.1949 and lease deed bearing No. 4524 dated 29.9.1949 was executed and subsequently renewed vide Deed No. 2526 dated 19.4.1974 for a period of another twenty years. It was also pleaded that the Government sanctioned an area acres 2.703 decimals in their Sanction Order No. 11680 dated 22.2.1959 for construction of Indoor Stadium and an area of acres 1.939 decimals for sinking a Swimming Pool, Swimming Club and a Restaurant, but no lease deed in respect of acres 1.939 has been executed.
It was further pleaded that during Hal settlement, the total area of acres 24.733 decimals has been recorded in the name of the appellant-Association including an area of acres 1.222 decimals out of acres 1.939 as referred to above for which no lease deed has yet been executed and the differential area measuring acre 0.717 decimals (acres 1.939- acres 1.222) has been recorded during Hal settlement in Government Rakhit Khata and the plaintiff- Association is in unauthorized possession of acre 0.634 decimals out of the said area of acre 0.717 for which encroachment case was initiated and an order of eviction has been passed.
1. Whether the plaintiff is in possession of the suit land from the year 1949 and has perfected title by adverse possession?
2. Whether the suit land has been recorded in Rakhit Khata due to lapses of the plaintiff association?
3. Whether the suit land is liable to be settled on lease basis in favour of the plaintiff?
4. Whether notice U/s 80- C.P.C. has not been served? 5. To what relief, if any, the plaintiff is entitled to?
9. To prove its case, the plaintiff-association examined the manager of the association and the defendants did not examine any witness in support of their stand. As stated earlier, the trial Judge, by its judgment dated 10.04.1999, decreed the suit and permanently restrained the defendants from disturbing the possession of the plaintiff-association over the suit land. It was contended before the High Court that the State Government had filed before the High Court Misc. Case No. 497 of 2001 seeking leave to produce the final order passed in O.P.L.E. Case No. 213/1/90-91 as additional evidence and Misc. Case No. 121 of 2003 for appointment of a receiver.
10. It was further urged that the suit for declaration of right, title and interest was not maintainable in view of the provisions contained in the O.P.L.E. Act and the suit was barred under Section 16 of the said Act. It was further submitted that since the land had been recorded in the rakhit khata, the direction to lease out the suit property and the decree for permanent injunction as passed by the court below was contrary to the provisions contained in Section 9 of C.P.C. and that from the conduct of some State officials, it appeared that the interest of the State had not been properly safeguarded and as a result, the decree had been passed.
11. It is apt to note here that an application under Order I Rule 10 CPC was filed in Misc. Case No. 122 of 2003 to implead M/s. Sanjit Samal represented through Managing Partner, registered office at Mahatab Road, Cuttack-12 as respondent no. 3, Sanjit Samal, Managing Partner of M/s. INCON ASSOCIATES, Mahatab Road, Cuttack - 12 as respondent no. 4 and Sanjaya Behera, partner of M/s. INCON ASSOCIATES, S/o. Ashirbad Behera, Seikh Bazar, Chandinichowk, P.S. Lalbag, Cuttack as respondent no.5. The application was allowed on 17.11.2014 and the aforesaid persons stood impleaded as co-respondents.
"15. On perusal of the pleadings of the parties, it appears that the Tahasildar, even though, was arrayed as a defendant, was never authorized by the Collector to file written statement admitting the claim. The Collector, under the Code of Civil Procedure, represents the State. No written statement without the authorization of the Collector could have been filed admitting the claim of the plaintiff and the trial court ought not to have accepted the said written statement as that of the defendant no.1 - Collector, who represented the State.
It is further pertinent to mention that the case record of the OPLE Proceeding was kept away from the trial court and no evidence, either oral or documentary, was adduced from the side of the defence during the trial. As indicated here-in-before, the present appeal was also not filed with due promptitude inasmuch as according to the Collector, Cuttack vide his affidavit filed on 20.12.2002, the conducting Advocate did not inform him the result of the suit till 17.4.2000 though the decree was passed on 21.4.1999.
I have also perused the material evidence adduced on behalf of the plaintiff-respondent. It appears to me that the Tahasildar colluded with the plaintiff and a collusive decree has been passed. Therefore without expressing any opinion on merit of the suit, I set- aside the judgment dated 16.04.1999 and decree dated 21.04.1999 passed by the learned First Additional Civil Judge (Senior Division),Cuttack, in Title Suit No.312 of 1991 and remit the matter back for adjudication in accordance with law.
This being an order of open remand of the suit as per the provision under Order 41, Rule-23A of the C.P.C., there shall be a retrial of the suit before the court below. If so advised, the defendants may amend the written statement and adduce evidence which the trial court shall permit in accordance with law. The plaintiff also shall not be precluded from amending his plaint or adducing additional evidence. But this being a suit of the year 1991, the trial court shall make endeavour to dispose of the same within six months from the date of communication of this order. Both the parties are directed to cooperate with the trial court in this regard."
13. After so holding, the High Court dealt with the application for appointment of receiver. It referred to the agreement dated 20-7-1998 between the association and M/s Incon Associates as a tenancy agreement for a monthly rent of Rs. 17,000/-. It copiously produced the terms and conditions of the agreement and, thereafter, it observed thus:- "The Orissa Olympic Association is a public body. Admittedly, no public notice was given inviting applications to invest in the construction of KALYAN MANDAP.
It may be remembered that the suit was filed after receipt of the notice in the O.P.L. E. proceeding and the learned Civil Judge (Senior Division), Cuttack by order dated 7.11.1991 passed the status quo order even though the court was aware that for the self- same land, a proceeding under the OPLE Act was continuing. It is also admitted in the objection/counter affidavit filed before this Court that a portion of the land is situated over the alleged encroached area. The order of status quo was vacated by the learned Civil Judge (Senior Division) by order dated 27.11.1996. Therefore, the construction made appears, prima facie, to be in violation of the statutory prohibition and status quo order passed by the trial court."
14. The High Court took note of the fact that the possession of the association was prima facie permissive in nature and that the agreement entered into by the association with M/s Incon Associates was under mismanagement and, accordingly, appointed the Collector, Cuttack to take over possession of the administration and open an interest bearing Bank Account and deposit in the said Account the rent collected from the tenants including the rent received from the Kalyan Mandap by M/s Incon Associates.
"20. M/s. INCON Associates is also directed to deposit the advance money received from the prospective occupants from today with the Collector and the balance amount shall b.. e collected by the Collector and deposited in the Bank account during the pendency of the suit. The Collector, Cuttack is also directed to secure the property and the income thereof in due promptitude and to take all necessary steps for preventing the same from any damage or danger and report compliance to this Court through the trial court."
"23. If the trial court arrives at conclusion that taking advantage of the suit, the plaintiff-respondents have enriched themselves, the State will also be at liberty to recover the ill gotten by initiating appropriate legal proceeding. The State is also directed to make appropriate audit in respect of the financial affairs of the Olympic Association and take suitable action as deemed proper under law." 16. We have heard Mr. Gopal Subramaniam and Mr. Raju Ramachandran, learned senior counsel appearing for the appellant assisted by Mr. Raghavendra S. Srivatsa, Mr. Krishnayan Sen and Mr. Ashok Panigrahi learned counsel for the State and Ms. Binu Tamta, learned counsel for the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG).
"As pure questions of law arise in this special leave petition, no counter affidavit need be filed. The questions that emerge for consideration are: Whether the lessee of the present character, that is, the Orissa Olympic Association, could have filed a suit for right, title and interest against the State, that is, the superior landlord?
Whether the plea of adverse possession can be set forth by the "Association" against the State, if the suit property is beyond the area granted under the lease deed?
Assuming the area in question is a part of the lease deed, whether the lessee can put forth a plea of adverse possession?
Assuming the suit land/property is situate within the lease hold area, whether the grantor, that is, the State Government, cannot take steps to resume the land for violation of the terms and conditions of the lease deed? Whether the income that is received by use of the suit property should not be taken into account and why should it not be the legal obligation of the petitioner-Association to satisfy the Court that the accounts have been audited and the amount derived has been properly accounted for? If the accounts have not been audited, as required in law, whether the individuals that look after the affairs of the Association in respect of the suit property, would be criminally liable or not?
Whether the persons in management of the property could not be criminally proceeded, if it is found that they have mismanaged and utilized the income for their individual benefit?
"The appellant No.1 - State of Orissa, represented by the Collector, Cuttack is directed to take over possession of the property, whereafter, the Collector shall open an interest bearing Bank Account and deposit in the said Account the rent collected from the tenants including the rent received from the Kalyan Mandap by M/s. INCON associates. M/s. INCON Associates is also directed to deposit the advance money received from the prospective occupants from today with the Collector and the balance amount shall be collected by the Collector and deposited in the Bank account during the pendency of the suit.
The Collector, Cuttack is also directed to secure the property and the income thereof in due promptitude and to take necessary steps for preventing the same from any damage or danger and report compliance to this Court through the trial court." We have asked Mr. Raju Ramachandran, learned senior counsel appearing for the petitioner to satisfy us whether the said paragraph requires interference and also whether proper management of the buildings, whatsoever the character/nature may be, situate on the disputed land, is warranted or not."
18. Thereafter, the Court referred to the directions issued by the High Court for appointment of receiver and asked the learned senior counsel appearing for the appellant to satisfy the Court whether the said paragraph required interference and also whether proper management of the buildings, whatsoever the character/nature may be, situate on the disputed land, is warranted or not. The matter was adjourned to 22.1.2015 for consideration of the necessary arrangement pertaining to management and further hearing of the special leave petition.
The interim order passed on 11.12.2014 was allowed to remain in force till the next date of hearing, i.e., 22.1.2015. On 22.1.2015, the Court, after referring to the questions framed on the earlier occasion, recorded as follows:- "Mr. Gopal Subramaniam, learned senior counsel appearing for the petitioner- Association has very fairly conceded that as far as question No.(iii) is concerned, the petitioner was wrongly advised to put forth such a plea, for it is a well established principle of law that a lessee cannot set forth a plea of adverse possession. In view of the aforesaid, issue no. (iii) stands closed."
19. Thereafter, the Court adverted to issue no. (v) and, in that context, the following order was passed:- "On a query being made, learned senior counsel, submitted that the suit was instituted in the year 1991 in respect of 0.705 acres claiming right, title and interest and other reliefs and the income received from the property situated on that area is regularly audited by a statutory auditor. In our considered opinion, there has to be audit for the purpose of verification so that we can eventually be satisfied. Considering the facts and circumstances in entirety, we direct that the accounts in respect of "Kalyan Mandap" and 23 shops standing on the disputed area" (suit area 0,705 acres) be made by the Accountant General of Orissa at Bhubaneswar. The said exercise shall be completed within a period of six weeks.
The report of the Accountant General shall be placed before this Court. The Registrar (Judicial) shall send a copy of the order passed today to the Accountant General of Orissa at Bhubaneswar by fax/e-mail and regular post forthwith so that he can take steps in promptitude. As advised at present, we shall delve upon the issue whether the necessary arrangement pertaining to management of the aforesaid property is required to be made. Without expressing any opinion finally, as we cannot today as the special leave petition is pending, we think that there should be a Committee of Management which shall take over possession of the "Kalyan Mandap" and the 23 shops standing on the area for the purpose of management.
The committee shall consist of the Collector, Cuttack and two Additional District Magistrates to be nominated by the Collector. The Committee shall be liable to be supervised by the Secretary, Revenue and Disaster Management. We hasten to clarify, if there is any contract which has been executed by the Association through M/s. INCON Associates for the purpose of holding any marriage that should be allowed to continue. But all correspondence and discussion on every aspect shall be done with the Committee. The Collector may nominate one of the Committee members for this purpose but the final decision shall be taken by the Committee. We have so directed, as we do not want that the 4 allocation of the marriage hall for the purpose of marriages be cancelled.
However, after today, M/s. INCON Associates shall not enter into any fresh contract. The Committee shall take over the management by 25.01.2015 positively. Mr. Subramaniam, learned senior counsel submitted that no one shall raise any obstruction in taking over the management. The Collector is at liberty to requisition the police assistance, if he has to take care of any obstruction regard being had to the situation. All the twenty-three shop keepers shall pay the rent to the Committee and the income shall be collected by the authorised agent of the Committee.
If anyone would deviate in doing so, he would be liable for contempt of this Court. It will be the duty of the Managing Committee to see that the buildings are properly maintained. We have modified the order of Stay to the aforesaid extent. The income derived from the date of taking over possession and any income that is derived earlier thereto shall be kept in an interest earning account in the State Bank of India, Main branch, near the Collectorate, Cuttack. The documents that have been exhibited before the trial court are permitted to be filed by either of the parties. This is an interim arrangement subject to final adjudication of the special leave petition."
20. The aforesaid order clearly states that it was an interim arrangement and that the matter was directed to be listed on 24.3.2015. Be it noted, on that day, keeping in view the direction issued by this Court on 22.1.2015, the Accountant General of State of Odisha had submitted his report in a sealed cover. Learned senior counsel appearing for the appellant put forth that he may be granted an opportunity to look into the report and file an objection duly certified by the competent authority including the Auditor or Chartered Accountant.
A copy of the report of the Accountant General, Odisha, was directed to be served on the learned counsel for the appellant as well the learned counsel for the State. At that juncture, a submission was canvassed by the learned senior counsel for the appellant and, after hearing at length, the following order was passed:- "At this juncture, another aspect need to be stated. We are inclined to say so, as it is submitted by Mr. Gopal Subramanium, learned senior counsel appearing for the petitioner that the report submitted by the Accountant General cannot be accepted on the face value and that is why, as stated earlier, he intends to file an objection to the same. But a pregnant one, there has to be finality to the audit.
As advised at present, we may say, in case an occasion arises to test the report and the objection to be filed thereto, this Court may think of sending both the reports to The Comptroller and Auditor General of India, who shall scrutinize both the reports and, if required, by sending a team of auditors. We say no more on that score for the present. Only a thought expressed. At this juncture, we will be failing on our duty if we do not take note of the stand quite vehemently put forth by Mr. Gopal Subramanium that the constructions are within the lease hold area and they have been constructed to raise funds. To deal with the said aspect, we would like the State to file the lease deed in original, as the petitioner has already filed the certified copy of the lease deed.
How the same would be addressed to shall be thought of after there is delineation with regard to the accounts. An ancillary question may arise as to whether a lessee, especially, Orissa Olympic Association, which is involved in pubic duty, can be engaged in this kind of activities on a mercurial or spacious ground of raising funds to sustain the stadium without the consent of the lessor. Let the objection to the report of the Accountant General be filed within two weeks hence. The State Government shall file an affidavit duly sworn by the competent authority giving the nature of shops and the photographs thereof and the photograph of the Kalyan Mandap. The said affidavit by the State shall be filed within two weeks from today."
21. It is apt to note here that the matter was directed to be listed on 21.4.2015 on which date the matter stood adjourned to 7.5.2015. Relying on the objection to the report that had been submitted by the learned Accountant General for the State of Odisha along with some other reports, it was contended by the learned senior counsel for the appellant that the Accountant General (General and Social Sector Audit) had travelled beyond the order of this Court commenting on various aspects of the case.
For the aforesaid purpose, he had referred to the relevant para of the order dated 22.1.2015. Keeping in view the objection, the Court directed as follows:- "In view of the aforesaid, we would direct the Accountant General, Odisha to restrict his audit and comments to the said facets. We know that the report submitted by him covers the same but still we do not intend to segregate the same and, therefore, we direct that a specific and precise report be submitted to this Court within eight weeks hence keeping in view the passage reproduced hereinabove."
"At this juncture, we may note with profit that in pursuance of our order dated 24.03.2015, the State of Odisha has produced the certified copies of two lease deeds; one dated 04.09.1949 and the other dated 19.04.1974. Keeping in view the two lease deeds and the schedule of property mentioned therein, we think it appropriate to constitute a Committee of judicial officers who shall, with the help and assistance of the revenue authorities, shall measure the lease hold area and submit a report whether the 23 shops and the Kalyan Mandap are within the said lease hold area or not.
Regard being had to the controversy involved, we appoint the District Judge, Cuttack to be the Chairman of the committee and request the 3 Chief Justice/Acting Chief Justice to nominate two other Additional District Judges who may be from Cuttack District or other districts. Needless to say, the learned Chief Justice/Acting Chief Justice shall nominate the Additional District Judges who have experience in the field.
The Principal Secretary, Revenue and Disaster Management shall extend the fullest cooperation in consultation with the Chief Secretary of the State and shall provide all the facilities to the Committee so that there can be proper measurement and no deviancy is shown. At the time of measurement, the representative (only one) of the petitioner-Association shall remain present. A notice shall be given by the Chairman of the Committee about the date the measurement to the Association. Mr. Ashok Panigrahi, learned counsel for the State submitted that apart from the registered lease deeds which have been filed before this Court, the original lease deeds shall also be made available to the Chairman of the Committee."
23. When the matter was taken up on the next occasion, the Accountant and Auditor General, Odisha, had submitted report pertaining to the accounts in respect of Kalyan Mandap and 23 shops standing on the disputed area (0.75 acre). We shall refer to the said report when we advert to it and the objections filed thereto.
24. On that day, the Court referred to the earlier order dated 7.5.2015 wherein a direction was issued for measurement of the leasehold area and submission of the report whether the 23 shops and the "Kalyan Mandap" are within the said leasehold area or not. A letter was received by the Registrar from the competent authority of the High Court of Orissa as well as the District Judge, Cuttack, seeking extension of time and, accordingly, time was extended till end of September, 2015 to submit the report. Within the extended time, the Committee submitted its report on 29.9.2015 along with certain maps in a sealed cover.
A direction was issued to hand over the copies of the reports to the learned counsel for the appellant, learned counsel for the State and also learned counsel for the Accountant General. A further direction was issued to make photocopies of the maps and hand over the same to the learned counsel for the parties on payment of costs. Liberty was granted to file objections, if any, within four weeks.
Even on that day, i.e., on 8.10.2015, Mr. Gopal Subramaniam, learned senior counsel for the appellant, submitted that though the appellant would be filing its objections to the report submitted by the Accountant General, yet there is a fundamental fallacy that the said authority has not taken into consideration the effect of capital acquisition of assets by the Orissa Olympic Association.
"At this juncture, Mr. Panigrahi, learned counsel for the State has read out a passage from the impugned judgment which is quite shocking if it is factually correct. Submission of Mr. Panigrahi is that the stand of the Orissa Olympic Association had invested the money for the benefit of the association is an absolute myth, for one of the partners of the M/s. INCON Associates is the son of the General Secretary of the petitioner- Association before this Court. Hence, submits Mr. Panigrahi, the arrangement was so made with the sole purpose of benefiting M/s. INCON Associates. This aspect requires to be seriously dwelt upon, for there is a conflict of interest and it may enter into the realm of fiscal impropriety.
Learned counsel for the petitioner is at liberty to file a reply to the said assertion and Mr. Panigrahi is also given liberty 3 to file appropriate documents and response to bolster his submission."
25. On the next date of hearing, we were apprised by the learned counsel for the State that the two partners of M/s. INCON Associates are the son and son-in-law of Mr. Asirbad Behera, General Secretary of the Orissa Olympic Association. The said fact was disputed by the learned senior counsel for the appellant. The Court, upon perusal of the document, found that as far as the son is concerned, he was a partner in M/s. INCON Associates.
It noted the submission of the learned counsel for the appellant to the effect that there is no malfeasance or misfeasance and that there were circumstances for which the tender was floated and the firm came in. Learned senior counsel submitted that when the contract was entered into for the first time in 1998, the son was not a partner.
In reply, Mr. Panigrahi would submit that he was inducted as a partner at a later stage. 26. Taking note of these facts, the Court directed as follows:- "Be that as it may, prima facie, the conflict of interest is manifest. Regard being had to the facts and circumstances of the case, we direct that Mr. Asirbad Behera, General Secretary of the Orissa Olympic Association is restrained from functioning as the Secretary of the Association till the next date of hearing. Needless to say, this is without prejudice to the contentions to be raised in the special leave petition."
27. Having referred to the record of proceedings, we should record the submissions of learned counsel for the parties. It is urged on behalf of the appellant that by Orissa Act No. 1 of 1991, the Government Land Settlement Act, 1962 (for short, "the 1962 Act") was amended, and Section 3(4) of the Act treated an expired lease as a deemed lease. By virtue of this provision, the lease in respect of the Appellant Association continued. The Appellant Association had applied to the State Government for a permanent lease in terms of Section 3(4) of the Orissa Government Land Settlement Act, 1962, as amended by Orissa Act No. 1 of 1991.
The Tahsildar recommended that the lands be permanently settled in favour of the Association and the Collector approved the same on 16.08.1995. However, since there were discrepancies in respect of some issues including that in respect of the land comprised in Hal Plot No.7, the Association did not execute the lease deed and sought rectification of the errors.
It is submitted that during permanent lease proceedings, the Association objected that the demarcation of plot comprising of an area of acres 20.808 dec. is not correct. The appellant objected to the same contending that Plot No.7 should form part of Sabik Plot No. 139. Accordingly, the appellant requested that the mistake should be corrected or finalization of Plot No.7 should await till the dispute attains finality and, thus, the association did not execute the lease deed. Be that as it may, the said order having been set aside by the Revenue Divisional Commissioner, the Association challenged the order before the High Court on principle.
That apart, in view of the recent amendment to the 1962 Act on 26.02.2009, the Khasmahal properties are to be permanently settled and, accordingly, the pending cases are to be disposed of in accordance with the amendment. The order for permanent settlement has been set aside in appeal which is the subject matter before the High Court, in Writ Petition (C) No. 5360 of 2002. In the writ petition, it has been prayed that the writ petitioner be held to be deemed lessee and that the lease subsists.
The High Court has passed an interim order dated 4.12.2002 directing that status quo in respect of possession of the land be maintained. The writ petition is pending before the High Court. It is submitted that even if the permanent lease did not materialize, the 1991 amendment provided for a deemed lease and in view of the 2009 amendment in the 1962 Act, the lands have to be permanently settled in favour of the association.
28. It is further contended by Mr. Gopal Subramaniam that a suit is not barred under the OPLE Act but the High Court has erred without appreciating the law in the field, especially, the decisions in Government of Andhra Pradesh v. Thummala Krishna Rao and another, State v. Bhanu Mali, Durgadevi Agarwalla v. State of Orissa, and Labangalata Panda v. State of Orissa. Emphasis has also been laid on the stand put forth by the State of Orissa in its written submissions, for it was not the stand of the State in the written statement that the suit land was its property and not that of the association.
29. Commenting on the report of the Committee headed by the District Judge, it is contended that the committee was conferred the responsibility to measure the leasehold area (pertaining to the lease deed registered on 24.09.1949) and to see if the 23 shops and the Kalyan Mandap are within the same or not. Criticising the said report, it is urged that the said Report, on measurement, has based reliance on Hal Settlement of 1988 which itself is the bone of contention between the appellant association and the State Government and is, in fact, the very cause of action for the present lis. Therefore, the very basis of the exercise undertaken by the Committee is erroneous resulting in a wrong report.
It is put forth that the Committee has travelled beyond the scope of reference inasmuch as the scope of reference was restricted to measure the leasehold area of acres 20.08 decimals leased out vide lease deed dated 24.9.1949 and the renewed lease deed dated 19.4.1974. The Committee, however, had not undertaken the said exercise keeping in view the schedule to the original lease deed of 1949 or the schedule to the renewed lease deed of 1974.
It is also contended that though the Committee had access to the maps prepared by the government authorities which are contemporaneous with the time when the lease deed was executed in the year 1949, yet the same were not considered as a reference point for the measurement. On the contrary, the Committee travelled beyond the scope of the reference and recorded erroneous conclusions by taking into account irrelevant considerations.
that the issue of the exact extent of land leased to the Appellant is the subject matter of the Civil Suit; that the construction made thereon, namely, the Kalyan Mandap and 23 shops is what is covered by the order of this Court dated 07.05.15; that the task assigned to the Committee by this Court was to find out, by measurements, whether the Kalyan Mandap and the 23 shops are within the leasehold area; that the aforesaid documents which are part of record and were readily available to the Committee while carrying out measurements to find out the extent of land covered by the Lease Deed dated 24.09.1949 as renewed by the Deed dated 19.04.1974; that the Committee chose to ignore the said crucial documents which would clinch the issue and lamented that the government did not produce the relevant records but nevertheless proceeded to carry out the measurements as per its own understanding and parameters; and that to carry out the exercise of measurement to determine the extent of land covered by a grant/document, there has to be a starting point and the boundaries to the subject matter of the grant/document have to be ascertained.
It is argued that while identifying a piece of immovable property, the boundaries prevail over the extent/measurements and that has been held in Sheyodyhan Singh v. Sanicharakuer and for the said purpose, the documents mentioned in the exhibits assume great significance.
30. Learned counsel appearing for the appellant would further submit that Exhibit 1 is the application for grant of lease along with a map identifying the land of which lease was sought. Exhibit 4 is the Sabik settlement map of 1927-28 as revised in 1949. This map shows the location of Sabik Plot numbers in the relevant area. It is important to note that this map is relatable to the General Revenue Record finalized after 25.10.1949 which is subsequent to the execution of lease on 24.09.1949 in favour of the Appellant.
In this map, a sub division of Sabik Plot No. 139 as Plot No. 139/1370 is shown. At the time the lease was executed in favour of the Appellant, Sabik Plot No.139 was a whole plot number and the Lease Deed specifically records that a portion of Sabik Plot No. 139 forms part of the entire leasehold area. Which portion of Sabik Plot No. 139 is within the leasehold area is actually the subject matter of the civil suit and it is the specific case of the plaintiff-Appellant that the leasehold area does not include the land in the newly created Sabik Plot No. 139/1370 but includes the land in the original Sabik Plot No. 139.
It is further pleaded that while recording the Record of Rights, the individual extents of land in the original Plot No.139 and newly created Plot No. 139/1370 were wrongly recorded. That is how the confusion was sought to be created as to the identity of that portion of Sabik Plot No. 139 which is within the leasehold area of the appellant. That portion of the original Sabik Plot No.139 which is within the leasehold area is clearly identified in Exhibit 6 map prepared by the Khasmahal Amin in 1953 by showing the boundaries to that plot number.
The details emerging from Exhibit 6 map will be elucidated in the ensuing paragraphs. Additionally, it is contended that Exhibit 6 is the Government map prepared by the Khasmahal Amin on 01.04.1953. The Appellant Association had a lease for 20.808 Acres in 1949 and a further extent was granted in 1950. The Association had requested the Government to grant another extent of land in 1953. In this context, the Khasmahal officer directed a survey of the land already held by the Association and of the land proposed to be given to the Association. Upon survey and measurement to scale, a detailed map was prepared in parallel and one copy was given to the Association and the other was retained by the Government. The map indicates the individual plot numbers and the boundaries on all sides.
31. Referring to the boundaries, it is urged that had the Committee carried out the measurement as per the boundaries in the admitted map, the exact extent of land, which is the subject matter of the suit, could have been ascertained. Various other aspects have been highlighted to show that the report of the Committee constituted by this Court is wrong. It is also highlighted that the report of the Committee is wrong, that contemporaneous maps have not been taken into consideration and the reliance placed on Hal settlement was also incorrect. Learned counsel would submit that there are manifest errors in the findings recorded by the Committee.
32. Mr. Panigrahi, learned counsel for the State, would submit that the report of the Committee headed by the District Judge is absolutely flawless because the Sabik Record of Rights of Holding No. 366 was finally published in 1931. Copy of the said ROR available in the District Record Room of the Collectorate, Cuttack, has been placed on record as Annexure-30 of the District Judge Committee Report.
Since the Settlement was closed prematurely and as such the record of right did not reach finality with final publication, the map showing creation of part plot No. 139/1370 which is relied upon by the appellant has no validity as it is not backed by an authentic finally published record of right. That apart, in the subsequent settlement operation, the record of right and map of the village - Unit No. 10, Cantonment, were finally published during the year 1988-89 under the provisions of Orissa Survey and Settlement Act, 1958.
Learned counsel would submit that at Khanapuri stage in the settlement operation, 'Yadast' is prepared by the Amin visiting each and every plot in a village and in this 'Yadast', details of information on field position are noted and map is prepared accordingly. The portion of land on which the 'Kalyan Mandap' and 23 shops stand is in Hal Plot No. 7(p) of Holding No. 230 of mouza Unit- 10, Cantonment. In Yadast No. 60/1, which relates to this land, there is mention of occupation of the Government and no mention of occupation of the Orissa Olympic Association. It is contended by him that the so-called Bata Plot No. 139/1370 co-relates to Hal Plot No. 165(p).
From the Yadast No. 67 it is evident that the said land was coming within the leased out area acres 20.808 and was under occupation of the Odisha Olympic Association. The sports hostel stands over the so-called Bata plot shown in the Settlement map and still now, the sports hostel exists there which corresponds to Hal Plot No. 165(p).
It is evident that the portion of land on which the 'Kalyan Mandap' and 23 shops stand are outside the limit of the leased out area of acres 20.808 dcl. Therefore, he would urge that the land on which the 'Kalyan Mandap' (Barabati Palace) and 23 shops stand does not come within the leased out area of acres 6.222 from out of Sabik Plot No. 139(p). Mr. Panigrahi also contended that Section 16 of the OPLE Act specifically bars the institution of any such suit or legal proceedings and, therefore, the conclusion of the High Court on the said score cannot be found to be flawed. He has also raised the contention with regard to non-sustainability of the plea of adverse possession.
(ii) assuming the land is a part of the leasehold area, whether the same can be resumed keeping in view the present use.
"Accordingly, the committee consisting of Sri Satya Narayan Mishra, District and Sessions Judge, Cuttack, as the Chairman of the Committee and the nominated members held several rounds of meetings to carry out the direction given by the Hon'ble Apex Court in the matter.
As per minutes dated 04.07.2015 and 25.07.2015, the revenue authorities were requested to produce the following documents:- Original Lease deeds Sabik Settlement Maps of Lease hold area as well as the maps of corresponding to Hal plots. Plot index. Lease case record in Case No. 294 of 1995. Government sanction order No. 7484 dated 29.06.1949. Document regarding demarcation of leasehold land by Revenue Authorities on measurement. vide Annexure - 25, Annexure 25/a & Annexure 25/b. 1.2 Despite repeated requests the Revenue Authorities did not produce the following documents: The original lease deeds of 1949 and 1975 Government of Orissa Revenue Department Order No. 7484 dated 29.06.1949 and Document regarding demarcation of leasehold land by Revenue Authorities on measurement. Since the two lease deeds were not produced by the Revenue Authorities the Committee issued requisition for placing of the case record in T.S. No. 312 of 1991 before the Committee for reference of the original lease deeds 2. The Committee examined the documents, the related case records, such as record in T.S. No. 312 of 1991, encroachment case etc., maps and other connected materials placed before it. The Committee carried out elaborate discussions from various angles to determine the modalities of measurement to carry out the direction of the Hon'ble Apex Court.
3. Before proceeding further, the Committee resolved to place the following events in sequence for proper appreciation of the matter:- 26/27.01.1949- Orissa Olympic Association (hereinafter to be referred as the OOA) made application to the Revenue Commissioner of Orissa for lease of Ac.20.808 decimals of land from Sabik Plot No. 156, portion of Sabik Plot Nos. 139, 143, 155 and 177 vide Annex - 1. A Sketch map was attached to the application vide Annex-1/a.
(2) 29.06.1949- Lease was sanctioned by Government of Orissa, Revenue Department Order No. 7484 dated 29.06.1949.
(3) The Revenue Authorities demarcated the lease hold area on measurement. Date and order of measurement are not available.
(4) 24.09.1949- Pursuant to sanction order the Lease Deed bearing No. 4525 was executed before the Sub Registrar, Cuttack on dated 24.09.1949 vide Annex- 2.
(5) 19.04.1974- Lease was renewed for a period of further 20 years from 04.09.1969 to 03.03.1989 vide Lease Deed No. 2526 dated 19.04.1974 vide Annex - 3.
(6) 11.04.1988 - Hal ROR was published. Ac.21.549 decimals of land were published in the name of the OOA under Khata No. 187 vide Annex-4.
(7) 19.10.1990- Encroachment case No.213/1 of 1990-91 was initiated against the OOA for encroachment made in Hal Plot No. 7 vide Annex-5.
(8) 02.07.1991- T.S. No.312/1991 was instituted by the OOA against the State for declaration of title claiming Hal Plot No. 7 as part of the leasehold property and in alternative through adverse possession in respect of an area measuring Ac.0.705 decimals appertaining to Hal Plot No. 7 vide the plaint Annex-6 and the written statement vide Annex- 6/a.
(9) 21.06.1995- The OOA made application on 21.06.1995 for permanent lease enclosing statement of land under the possession of the OOA inside the boundary relating to 9 Hal plots vide the application Annex-7 and statement of land vide Annex-7/a & Annex-7/b. This led to the institution of lease case No. 294/1995.
(10) 21.06.1995- On the same day i.e. on 21.06.1995 the Tahasildar asked for the R.I. report vide Annex-8.
(11) 21.06.1995- The R.I. submitted the report on the same day i.e on. 21.06.1995 vide Annex 8/a.
(12) 22.07.1995- The Tahasildar permanently settled the land in favour of the OOA vide Annex-9. (13) 16.08.1995- The Collector approved the order of the Tahasildar dated 22.08.1995 vide Annex-10. (14) 16.04.1999- The suit in T.S. No. 312/1991 was decreed in favour of the OOA vide Judgment Annex-11 and the Decree Annex-11/a.
(15) 01.11.2001- By order dated 01.11.2002 passed in OGLS Appeal No. 2/2002 the RDC allowed the appeal and set aside the order dated 22.07.1995 of the Tahasildar and order dated 16.08.1995 of the Collector vide Annex-12.
(16) 05.11.2002- Pursuant to the order of the R.D.C. the Tahasildar, Sardar kept the lease hold land measuring Ac.20.808 decimals in Government Khata and directed for correction of ROR vide Annex-13.
(17) 04.12.2002- Hon'ble High Court of Orissa by order dated 04.12.2002 passed in M.C.No. 3999 of 2002 arising out of WP (C) No. 5360/2002 directed, "status quo as on date in respect of possession of the disputed land shall be maintained" vide Annex-14.
(18) 29.11.2014- Hon'ble High Court of Orissa allowed first appeal No.158/2001, set aside the judgment and decree passed in T.S.No. 312/1991 and remanded the suit for fresh disposal vide Annex-15.
(19) The Special Leave to Appeal (Civil) No. 34373/2014 was instituted by the OOA in the Hon'ble Apex Court wherein direction has been given to this Committee to submit the report vide Annex-16.
(20) 19.08.1969- Lease deed for Ac.2.703 decimal comprising of plot No. 145 (Ac.1.116 decimals), plot No. 148(Ac.1.147), plot No. 155 (Ac.0.440) executed in favour of the OOA vide Annex-17.
(21) 19.07.2003- By order dated 19.07.2003 passed in Resumption Proceeding Case No. 19 of 2002, determined the lease and resumed the land to Government Khata vide Annex-18.
(22) 20.04.2015: Pursuant to above order, Tahasildar took the land into the Government Khata vide Annex-19. (23) ROR is accordingly corrected vide Annex-20.
(24) 22.05.2004: By order dated 22.05.2004, passed by Tahasildar in R.P. 188/2003, took Ac.1.222 decimal of land out of plot No.165 area Ac.5.000 decimal into Government Khata vide Annex-21.
(25) 19.08.2004 The ROR is corrected accordingly vide Annex-22.
4. Thus the real dispute between the parties is relating to Ac.24.733 decimal. Out of that lease hold area of Ac. 2.703 of 1969 has already been taken in to Government Khata and similarly Ac. 1.222 decimal out of Hal Plot No. 165 has already been taken in to Government Khata as narrated earlier. The lease of Ac. 20.808 decimal has been cancelled and the said area has already been taken into Government Khata but the matter has been stayed by Hon'ble High Court of Orissa in M.C. No. 3999 of 2002 arising out of W.P(C) No. 5360/2002. Thus the present controversy is confined to measure the leasehold area of Ac. 20.808 decimal and to determine the location of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) and 23 shops.
5. Keeping the above facts in the background the Committee determined its course of action. A Team consisting of Amins having necessary training and sufficient experience was constituted to carry out the measurement in presence and the supervision of the Committee.
9.Dhanjaya Behera, Amin Cuttack Sadar.
Vide the Minutes of the Committee dated 21.08.2015.
6.1 The Committee also resolved to carry out the measurement with ETS and DGPS by the trained technicians under supervision of the authority of Orissa Space Application Center(ORSAC), Bhubaneswar and accordingly requisitions were issued by the Tahasildar, Cuttack vide Annex-26 and Annex- 26/a.
7. The Committee resolved to commence the measurement from 9 .30 a.m. of 02.09.2015. The day, date and schedule of the measurement were duly notified to all concerned in advance vide Annex-27.
8. The Committee examined the Sabik Map exhibited by the OOA in T.S. 312/1991 under Ext.4 and the Sabik Map of 1927-28 settlement provided by Revenue Authority.
On close scrutiny, the Committee noticed variation in two maps i.e. fraction plot bearing No. 139/1370 as reflected in Ext.4 found to be absent in the map provided by the Revenue Authority.
The point for consideration is whether to consider fraction Plot No. 139/1370 while conducting the measurement to find the leasehold area.
8.1 Undisputedly Lease was executed on 24.09.1949 for Ac.20.808 decimals of land which was renewed by another Registered Lease Deed in 1974.
As per pleading of the OOA at para-5 of the plaint, the leasehold area of Ac.20.808 decimals includes an area of Ac.6.520 decimal of Sabik Plot No. 139. As revealed from the application of the OOA, in Lease Case No. 294 of 1995 an area of Ac.6.222 decimal out of Sabik Plot No. 139 was leased out along with other areas in total measuring Ac.20.808 decimals.
Though, the said lease of 1995 was subsequently cancelled by the RDC in the year 2002, the OOA has never disputed/questioned allocation of Ac.6.222 decimals out of Sabik Plot No. 139. So it is clear that the OOA had been granted lease of an area of Ac.6.222 decimals out of Sabik Plot No. 139. The Settlement Officer, Measure Settlement Office, Cuttack reported that fraction Plot No. 1370 or 139/1370 was not in existence after 1927-28 settlement vide his letter No.3408, dated 26.09.2015, Annex-28.
The fraction plot 139/1370 was created after 25.10.1949 vide the letter No. 3616, dated 26.09.2015 of the Collector, Cuttack, Annex-28/a and as per Khasmal ROR published after 25.10.1949. So it is apparent that the lease was executed out of original Sabik Plot No.139 measuring Ac.9.290 decimal. Extent of original Sabik Plot No. 139 was Ac.9.290 decimal as per 1932 Sabik ROR vide Annex-30. Further after division of original Sabik Plot No. 139 into 139 and 139/1370 the residual of original Sabik Plot No. 139 became Ac.7.345 decimal.
Adding of this residual Ac.7.345 decimal with Ac.1.945 decimal of fraction plot No. 139/1370, the total area became Ac.9.290 decimal which is thus to be measured entirely by the Measurement Team. Since lease has been granted to the extent of Ac.6.222 decimal out of the Sabik Plot No.139, the leasehold area does not cover the entire residual area of Plot No. 139. Hence, consideration of fraction plot NO. 139/1370 is of little consequence. Accordingly the Committee resolved to carry out the measurement ignoring the fraction plot No. 139/1370.
9. As per the programme the Committee proceeded to the spot on date fixed. The representative of the Revenue Authority i.e. Tahasildar, Cuttack Sadar and representative of the OOA, Sri Bhakta Hari Mohanty, Senior Advocate were present. Spot notice was served on them vide Annex-31.
10. Before the commencement of the measurement the Committee held discussion with the members of the Measurement Team including DGPS and ETS Team. Sabik and Hal Maps, Sabik and Hal RORs, Copies of the pleadings of the TS 312 of 1991 and the direction of the Hon'ble Apex Court were handed over to the two teams of the measurement.
11. The specific direction of the Hon'ble Apex Court passed by order dated 07.05.2015 in SLA (C) No. 34373/2014 as follows: "Keeping in view the two lease deeds and the schedule of property mentioned therein, we think it appropriate to constitute a Committee of the Judicial Offices who shall, with the help and assistance of the Revenue Authorities, shall measure the lease hold area and submit a report whether the 23 shops and Kalyan Mandap are within the said lease hold area or not" vide Annex- 32.
"Cuttack Cantonment Khasmahal Tauzi No. 5458 Mouza Cantonment Samil Bungalow block, Thana and Sub-Registrar Sadar, Cuttack(Thana No.197), plot No. 156, and portions of plot No.139,143,155 and 177 area Ac.20.808 decimals" vide Annex - 2 & 3.
"Para-3: The sketch map attached to the application dated 26/27th January, 1949 and the sanction order 29th June 1949 will clearly indicate that the lease hold area was to the adjoining south of Cantonment-Tulasipur Road. After obtaining the lease of the land the Association raised high compound walls encroaching the lease hold area" vide Anenx-33.
12.2 It is not out of place to mention that on 21.06.1995 the OOA applied to the Tahasildar Cuttack for permanent lease with statements of land under its possession and the Tahasildar granted lease for Ac.20.808 decimals vide Annex-9.
12.3 Though the above lease has been cancelled by the RDC and such cancellation has been stayed by the Hon'ble High Court of Orissa in WP (C) No. 5360/2002 filed by the OOA, the location of lease hold area of Ac.20.808 decimals with specific portions of the Sabik Plots and corresponding Hal Plots has not been disputed by the OOA. 12.4 Accordingly the committee resolved to carry out the entire land in possession of the OOA within the boundary and to determine the lease hold area with specific area of the Sabik Plots mentioned in the lease deed Annex-9. The Measurement Team accordingly carried out the measurement in respect of the possession of the OOA in the field.
13. The members of the Committee were present throughout the measurement that took place from 02.10.2015 to 15.10.2015 and 26.10.2015 with breaks on holidays. Sri. B.H. Mohanty, Senior Advocate on behalf of the OOA and Tahasildar, Cuttack on behalf of the Revenue Authorities were present on the dates of measurement.
14. The Measurement Team pointed out the fixed points in the field as per the Hal settlement map and cross-checked the same with reference to Sabik settlement map. The correctness of fixed points were also checked by forming triangles. The measurement of the land inside the boundary wall of the OOA was undertaken by Chain Triangulation Method. The triangles were formed to determine the area. The measurements of the diagonals were checked and verified with the help of DGPS of ORSAC where obstruction because of construction was found. The calculations done for determining the area of triangles were cross-checked.
16. The Committee carefully examined all the materials placed before it including reports submitted by Measurement Team and ORSAC.
17. As per the Measurement by the Measurement Team the OOA is in possession of Ac.26.502 decimal vide Annex-34. As per the DGPS and ETS measurement the OOA is in possession of Ac.27.044 decimals vide Annex-35. In the Hal Settlement ROR of 1988 the OOA was found to be in possession of Ac.21.549 decimals vide Annex-4.
18. On examination of Hal Map with Sabik Map, report submitted by the Measurement Team it is found that the leasehold land of Ac.20.808 decimals appertaining to Sabik Plots 156,139,143,155 and 177 are corresponding to Hal Plots193,192,190,191,203,200,201,202,204,189,167(P),166(P), 168(P) and 165(P) shown within yellow colour in the map.
18.1 The excess land in possession of the OOA which has been shown within green colour in the map is not within the leasehold land of the OOA.
18.2 On scrutiny it is found that the 23 shops and the Kalyan Mandap(Barabati Palace) are in Hal Plot Nos.7(Part) and 165(Part), situated over an area measuring Ac.1.138 decimal and they are corresponding to Sabik Plot No.139. A portion of Kalyan Mandap(Barabati Palace) measuring Ac.0.433 decimals situated over Hal Plot No.165(Part) is within the leasehold area as shown within yellow colour in map. The remaining portion of the Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) and the 23 shops measuring Ac.0.705 decimals are in Hal Plot NO. 7(Part), shown within green color in the map, are situated outside the leasehold area.
18.3 As per the Hal ROR the area of Hal Plot No.7 under Khata No.203 is Ac.0.880 decimal vide Annex-36 and out of that Ac.0.175 decimals is within the compound of Army Recruitment Office and remaining land of Hal Plot No. 7 measuring an area of Ac.0.705 decimal is within possession of the OOA where the 23 shops and a portion of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) are situated shown within green colour in the map.
19. Finally the Committed unanimously comes to the conclusion and accordingly reports that the leasehold area of Ac.20.808 decimals appertaining to Sabik Plot No. 156 and portion of 139,143,155 and 177 are corresponding to Hal Plot Nos. 193,192,190,191,203, 200, 201, 202, 204, 189, 167( Part),166 (Part),168(Part) and 165(Part) shown within yellow color in the map and 23 shops and part of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) measuring Ac.0.705 decimals situated over Hal Plot No.7(Part) shown within green colour in the map are not within (i.e. beyond) the leasehold area.
20. During measurement the representatives of the OOA and the Revenue Authority requested for the copies of the field book, report etc. for their reference. In absence of any specific instruction to that effect from the Hon'ble Apex Court and to avoid premature disclosure prior to submission of the report before the Hon'ble Apex Court the Committee humbly declined to accede to the request of the parties to provide any copy of the report, filed book etc. to them.
21. The Committee is submitting this report along with the annexures as directed for kind perusal of the Hon'ble apex court in Special Leave to Appeal (C) No. 34373/2014 and necessary orders."
Requisitions to ORSAC for DGPS and ETS measurement.
Hal ROR of Hal Plot No. 7"
(i) Though the committee did conduct the measurement, yet the same was neither with reference to the schedule in the original lease deed of 1949 nor the schedule in the renewed lease deed of 1974, and, as such, was an exercise in contradiction to and not in compliance of the direction of this Court. The Committee omitted available relevant records and proceeded on the basis that measurement had to be carried out in the absence of the Government producing the relevant records.
(ii) The report is criticised on the score that it refers to the record of the civil suit that was made available to it. The appellant-plaintiff had exhibited all the relevant documents in the suit and they formed part of the record. The task assigned to the Committee by this Court was to find out, by measurements, whether the Kalyan Mandap and the 23 shops are within the leasehold area.
Therefore, the aforesaid documents which are part of the record and which were readily available to the Committee were indispensable to arrive at the correct conclusion while carrying out measurements to find out the extent of land covered by the Lease Deed dated 24.9.1949 as renewed by the Deed Dated 19.4.1974, but the Committee chose to ignore the said crucial documents which would have clinched the issue. It is further asserted that the government did not produce the relevant records but the Committee nevertheless proceeded to carry out the measurements as per its own understanding and parameters.
(iii) The further objection of the appellant is that Exhibit 4 is the Sabik Settlement map of 1927-28 as revised in 1949 and the said map shows the location of Sabik Plot numbers in the relevant area. It is contended that the said map is relatable to the General Revenue Record finalised after 25.10.1949 in favour of the association and a sub-division of Sabik Plot No. 139 as Plot No. 139/1370 is shown. At the time the lease was executed in favour of the appellant, Sabik Plot No. 139 was a whole plot number and the Lease Deed specifically records that a portion of Sabik Plot No. 139 forms part of the entire leasehold area.
On the said foundation, it is put forth that which portion of Sabik Plot No. 139 is within the leasehold area is actually the subject matter of the civil suit and it is the specific case of the appellant-petitioner that the leasehold area does not include land in the newly created Sabik Plot No. 139/1370 but includes land in the original Sabik Plot No. 139. It is further asserted that in the Record of Rights the location of land in the original Plot No. 139 and newly created Plot No. 139/1370 were wrongly recorded. That is how the confusion was caused as to the identity of that portion of Sabik Plot No. 139 which is within the leasehold area of the appellant.
Reference has been made to certain assertions in the plaint. It is also set forth that the Committee failed to appreciate the fact that during 1949, i.e., after leasing out an area of acres 20.808 decimals to the Association, a settlement operation exclusively for Khasmahal area was undertaken which is commonly known as "Pati Settlement". The settlement prepared the Record of Rights and sub- divided Plot No. 139 into two parts, i.e., Plot No. 139 and the other Plot No. 139/1370. Plot No. 139 comprises of an area of acres 1.945 decimals. Though the field position reveals that Plot No. 139 comprises of an area of acres 2.712 decimals, yet the said settlement could not attain finality and was closed prematurely.
However, the revenue map was published with sub- division of plots which has been referred to in the suit and the written statement. Though the State Government is aware of these developments of "Pati Settlement", yet it did not produce the relevant information before the Committee and, thus, left the Committee in ambiguity in this regard.
It is contended that had the Committee carried out the measurement as per the boundaries of the admitted and undeniable map Ex. 6 (Government map prepared by Khasmahal Amin on 1.4.1953), the exact extent of land, which is the subject matter of the suit, could have been ascertained. Contemporaneous crucial records which were part of the same lease transaction were omitted by the Committee. In pursuance of the application for the grant of lease by the appellant association, the Government issued a sanction order dated 29.6.1949 in which it was specifically mentioned that an area of 20.808 acres south of the cantonment road towards Tulsipur, comprising of Plot No. 156 and portions of Plot Nos. 139, 143, 155 and 177, was to be leased to the association.
Therefore, the northern boundary to the land leased out to the appellant can be inferred from this sanction order. The lease deed dated 24.9.1949 is in continuation of the sanction order and it describes the land in the schedule. However, the boundary to the land or the extent of land in each plot number is not mentioned in the lease deed. Therefore, the boundaries and the location of the land have to be gathered from the contemporaneous records, namely, the application with the sketch annexed and the sanction order.
(iv) Bearing in mind that the schedule to the two lease deeds only mention the total extent of the leasehold area and the Plot Nos. and there is no description of the boundary, it was this document, i.e., the Government of Orissa Revenue Department Order No. 7484 dated 29.6.1949 which described the northern boundary of the leasehold area in as much as the said sanction order states that the area of acres 20.808 decimals is to the south of the Cantonment Road towards Tulsipur comprising Plot No. 156 and portions of Plot Nos. 139, 143, 155 and 177.
Had this document been looked into by the Committee, it would have known the reference point or the starting point for measurement, i.e., acres 20.808 decimals southwards of Cantonment Road towards Tulsipur. It would have also been clear that the land which was leased out was contiguous with the Cantonment Road towards Tulsipur.
(v) The Committee referred to the lease file in Lease Case No. 294 of 1995 wherein the appellant association applied for permanent lease. As per the report in para 8.1, it is stated that the association applied for permanent lease for acres 6.222 dec. of land out of Sabik Plot No. 139, which is an error apparent on the face of the record. The association never applied for lease on the basis of Sabik Plot Nos. but it did so in respect of plots under Hal Khata including Plot No. 7, because by that time, the Sabik plot numbers were not in vogue due to Hal Settlement of 1988-89 wherein new Hal Plot Nos. were assigned.
37. The Committee has noted that though the revenue authorities were requested to produce the original lease deeds, sabik settlement maps of leasehold area as well as the maps corresponding to Hal plots, plot index, lease case record in Case no. 294 of 1995, government sanction order no. 7484 dated 29.6.1949 and document regarding demarcation of leasehold area, yet three documents, namely, the original lease deeds of 1949 and 1974, Government of Orissa, Revenue Department order dated 29.6.1949 and document regarding demarcation of leasehold land by local authorities on measurement were not produced.
The Committee, then, issued requisition of the case record of title suit and examined the document. Thereafter, the Committee chronologically narrated the events, referred to various aspects and, as is discernible, centred the controversy involved in the case by stating that the dispute is confined to measure the leasehold area of acres 20.808 decimals and to determine the location of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) and 23 shops. Regard being had to the same, it decided its course of action by having a team of Amins who have necessary training and sufficient experience.
The Committee also resolved to carry out the measurement with ETS and DGPS by the trained technicians under the supervision of the authority of Orissa Space Application Center (ORSAC), Bhubaneswar. The Committee further found on scrutiny that there is variation in two maps, for fraction plot bearing No. 139/1370 which is reflected in Ext.4 to the suit that is absent in the map provided by the Revenue Authority and, accordingly, felt it necessary to determine whether to consider fraction Plot No. 139/1370 while conducting the measurement to find the leasehold area.
The Committee referred to the application in Lease Case No. 294 of 1995 to find out whether an area of acres 6.222 decimal out of Sabik Plot No. 139 was leased out along with other areas in total measuring acres 20.808 decimals. It also noted that though the lease was cancelled subsequently by the Revenue Divisional Commissioner in the year 2002, yet the Association had never disputed the same. The Settlement Officer, Measure Settlement Office, Cuttack reported that fraction Plot No. 1370 or 139/1370 was not in existence after the 1927-28 settlement vide his letter No.3408, dated 26.09.2015.
Thereafter, the Committee noted, certain aspects, which we think apt to reproduce despite having quoted earlier:- "Further after division of original Sabik Plot No. 139 into 139 and 139/1370 the residual of original Sabik Plot No. 139 became Ac.7.345 decimal. Adding of this residual Ac.7.345 decimal with Ac.1.945 decimal of fraction plot No. 139/1370, the total area became Ac.9.290 decimal which is thus to be measured entirely by the Measurement Team. Since lease has been granted to the extent of Ac.6.222 decimal out of the Sabik Plot No.139, the leasehold area does not cover the entire residual area of Plot No. 139. Hence, consideration of fraction plot No. 139/1370 is of little consequence. Accordingly the Committee resolved to carry out the measurement ignoring the fraction plot No. 139/1370".
38. The measurement took place in association and collaboration with both the teams. The Committee referred to the lease deeds of 1949 and 1974 which bore identical sabik leasehold plots and total lease area as acres 20.80 decimals. Referring to the application dated 21.06.1995 filed by the association for grant of permanent lease, it is noticed that Tahsildar granted lease of acres 20.808 decimals.
"17. As per the Measurement by the Measurement Team the OOA is in possession of Ac.26.502 decimal vide Annex-34. As per the DGPS and ETS measurement the OOA is in possession of Ac.27.044 decimals vide Annex-35. In the Hal Settlement ROR of 1988 the OOA was found to be in possession of Ac.21.549 decimals vide Annex-4.
"18.2 On scrutiny it is found that the 23 shops and the Kalyan Mandap(Barabati Palace) are in Hal Plot Nos.7(Part) and 165(Part), situated over an area measuring Ac.1.138 decimal and they are corresponding to Sabik Plot No.139. A portion of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) measuring Ac.0.433 decimals situated over Hal Plot No.165(Part) is within the leasehold area as shown within yellow colour in map. The remaining portion of the Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) and the 23 shops measuring Ac.0.705 decimals are in Hal Plot NO. 7(Part), shown within green color in the map, are situated outside the leasehold area.
19. Finally the Committed unanimously comes to the conclusion and accordingly reports that the leasehold area of Ac.20.808 decimals appertaining to Sabik Plot No. 156 and portion of 139,143,155 and 177 are corresponding to Hal Plot Nos. 193, 192, 190, 191, 203, 200, 201, 202, 204,189, 167( Part),166 (Part),168(Part) and 165(Part) shown within yellow color in the map and 23 shops and part of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) measuring Ac.0.705 decimals situated over Hal Plot No.7(Part) shown within green colour in the map are not within (i.e. beyond) the leasehold area".
42. The objections that have been filed are essentially based on the plea that the Committee had omitted available relevant records and proceeded for measurement in the absence of the Government producing the relevant records. A perusal of the report of the Committee clearly shows that it has complied with the order of this Court in its letter and spirit and we find no reason to have a different view than what has been taken by the Committee.
43. Thus, two aspects are clear. One, the association encroached upon the property of the State Government and built 23 shops and, as the report of the Committee would reflect, Kalyan Mandap stands partly on the government land and second, the property that stands on the government land has to go back to the government.
There are two options with this Court, that is, to issue a direction for demolition of Kalyan Mandap or direct the government for resumption of that part of the land belonging to the association where the Kalyan Mandap has been constructed. It is beyond any dispute that Kalyan Mandap is functional for more than two decades. There is no justification to direct demolition of the same. It would be appropriate if we direct the land on which Kalyan Mandap is constructed to be resumed by the government and the Kalyan Mandap should vest in the State Government and shall be managed as it is presently managed by the District Collector, Cuttack.
44. That settles the aforesaid land dispute but the other issue that has come before this Court, as the learned Single Judge has reflected, deserves to be addressed. In this regard, it is necessary to state that this Court had called for a report from the Accountant General of Odisha who submitted its report on 10.03.2015. An objection was filed to the said report on the ground that the authority had travelled beyond the directions issued by this Court.
Accountant General (General and Social Sector Audit), Odisha was directed (22 January 2015) by the Apex Court to audit the accounts of 23 shops and the Kalyan Mandap erected on 0.705 acre parcel of disputed/encroached land. Accordingly, one Report was filed in the Apex Court. However, vide order dated 7 May 2015, Honorable Court directed to submit a specific and precise Report within eight weeks.
In compliance of above orders of Hon'ble Apex Court, Principal Accountant General (G & SSA), Odisha conducted audit of the accounts of OOA during 30 January 2015 to 28 February 2015 and 8 to 12 June 2015 with respect to income received by it by renting out the property on land under dispute. This consists of 23 shops and one Kalyan Mandap, known by the name of Barabati Palace. The latter was leased out to one private firm (M/s. Incon Associates) till full adjustment of cost of construction (Rs.80.47 lakh) out of 50 per cent of rent payable.
The Government of Odisha in erstwhile Revenue Department sanctioned 25.450 acre land in favour of OOA, on lease, in three different phases during July 1949 to February 1969. Out of 25.450 acre of land, an area of 24.733 acre was recorded in the name of OOA in 1988 settlement indicating that the Record of Rights (RoR) was valid upto 1989. Out of the above, lease period for 20.808 acre has lapsed in September 1989 and has not been renewed so far and the matter is sub-judice in High Court of Odisha. Out of two other parcels of land viz. 1.939 acre and 2.703 acre, land measuring 1.222 acre and 2.703 acre settled in 1988 settlement respectively, has already been reverted back to government khata.
Out of the remaining 0.717 acre, land measuring 0.634 acre remained under unauthorized occupation (encroachment) of OOA on which a Kalyan Mandap (Barbati Palace) and 23 shops were constructed (1990-99) Encroachment case was filed by the Tahsildar in 1990-91, but the matter has remained sub-judice (February 2015).
Audit noticed that OOA started construction of 23 shops on the disputed land during 1990-91 out of its own resources, completed the construction in 1995-96 at a cost of Rs.14.21 lakh and let out the same in March 1996. Further it permitted construction of a Kalyan Mandap by M/s. Incon Associates, a private partnership firm, on the disputed land in 1996-97. OOA started receiving rent from the 23 shops from March 1996 and from Kalyan Mandap from January 1999. List of proprietor of these 23 shops and their business activities is indicated in Annexure 1.
OOA could not produce counter-foils of money receipts used during 1995-96 to 2007-08, rent ledger for 1995-96 to 2003-04 and stated that all records up to 2003-04 and all vouchers upto to 2007-08 had already been destroyed instead it furnished to Audit a statement of rent due and collected during the period from March 1996 to March 2004 in respect of Kalyan Mandap and 23 shops, which Audit has relied upon in absence of the above basic records. Further, during 2008-09 to 2013-14, though money receipts were produced, however, rent collected by OOA through money receipts from M/s. Incon- Associates towards Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) was mixed up with that of Barbati Guest house (another building taken on hire from OOA by the same firm) due to which Audit had to rely on the rent ledger and audited annual accounts. Besides, cashbook was found (June 2015) to be not written after 31 March 2014.
As per the accounts certified by the Chartered Accountant and other records produced before Audit, OOA had earned revenue of Rs.55.35 lakh towards rent (Rs.52,52,788) and donation (Rs.2,82,100) from 23 shops during March 1996 to December 2014. Out of this Rs.50,28,069 was received and Rs.2,24,719 was outstanding as on 31 December 2014. However, full donation was realized Shop wise rent due, received and outstanding is indicated at Annexure 2.
As per the rent ledger, during January 1999 to December 2014 rent of Rs.41,99,174 was due to OOA towards rent of Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace). Out of this, rent of Rs.13,28,470 was received by OOA from M/s. Incon Associates, Rs.21,51,809 was adjusted towards the cost of construction as per the agreements while Rs.5,24,439 remained outstanding as of 31 March 2014. During April to December 2014, Rs.2,57,816 was shown as collected by OOA in the rent ledger but the same included rent for Barabati Palace and other dues for which actual rent paid for Barabati Palace could not be ascertained by Audit as annual accounts of OOA for 2014- 15 has not been finalized (June 2015).
Rent due, collected and adjusted by OOA from Barabati Palace during January 1999 to December 2014 are indicated at Annexure 3. Thus, OOA had earned a revenue of Rs.97.33 lakh during 1996-97 to 2014-15 (upto December 2014) by utilizing the property i.e. 23 shops and Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) lying on the disputed land. 2.1.3 Difference in income as per the accounts of M/s. Incon Associates and by the new management (Collector, Cuttack) M/s. Incon Associates earned revenue amounting to Rs.2.44 crore from Barabati Palace towards booking charges for different events during January 1999 to December 2014 as per records produced by it.
At the direction of the Honorable High Court of Odisha/Honourable Supreme Court of India, the management of Barabati Palace was taken over by the District Collector, Cuttack during the period from 30 November 2014 to 12 December 2014 and then from 24 January 2015. Audit attempted to make a comparison of net earnings from Barabati Palace under both the managements and noticed that in the books of M/s. Incon Associates though income relating to Barabati Palace was shown distinctly however, expenditure incurred thereon was not shown in its accounts separately but mixed with other business like running Barabati Guest House, Barabati Palace and Catering.
However, as per certified financial statements for 2007-08 to 2013-14, total income of M/s. Incon Associates from Barabati Palace was Rs.1.71 crore. Present management (i.e. Collector, Cuttack from 30 November 2014 to 12 December and then 24 January 2015 onwards) confirmed that they were charging Rs.70,000 plus service tax per social events up to 18 February 2015 and Rs.80,000 plus service tax thereafter and 78 bookings had been made with collection of booking charges of Rs.77.50 lakh during same period and incurring expenditure of Rs.2.61 lakh within about five months (up to May 2015).
s the hiring charges of the Mandap was Rs.70,000 per day, the District Administration collected an amount of Rs.4.45 lakh from the users of Kalyan Mandap. Similarly, Collector also collected Rs.1.20 lakh on advance booking of said mandap during the period when management remained with M/s. Incon Associates. However, the differential amount of Rs.0.66 lakh due to the District Administration has not been deposited by M/s. Incon Associates (June 2015). Besides, service tax amounting to Rs.90,000 was neither collected from the concerned users by the Collector nor by M/s. Incon Associates.
The OOA constructed 23 shops out of its own sources during 1990-91 to 1995- 96 at a cost of Rs.14.21 lakh. Since OA could not provide vouchers in support of such expenditure, Audit relied upon the balance appearing in the Annual Accounts and Ledgers and noticed that: In the accounts of OOA, expenditure incurred towards repair and maintenance relating to 23 shops were clubbed with repair maintenance of other civil structures like stadium, office building, etc. Similarly, separate metering and billing for electricity charges upto 2004-05 for 23 shops was not done. Therefore, identification of expenditure against receipts from 23 shops standing on disputed/encroached land could not be possible in Audit.
Audit examined the annual accounts of both OOA relating to the Barabati Palace and M/s Incon Associates running the Barabati Palace (as produced by them) and noticed that: OOA accounted for Rs.80.47 lakh being construction cost of Barabati Palace and other installations (plant and machinery) as its own asset in 1998-99 (Rs.57.66 lakh) and 2000-01 (Rs.22.81 lakh) and booked matching amount under liabilities as Deposit (accrual of assets against self-construction of buildings) received from M/s. Incon Associates, as cost of construction was not met by OOA. In the annual accounts of OOA for the period 1999-2014, Audit noticed that a sum of Rs.21,51,809 being 50 per cent of rent received from M/s. Incon Associates was adjusted from Deposit (accrual of assets against self- construction of buildings) head.
Though said Kalyan Mandap building was constructed on disputed land, accounting the same as a permanent asset of OOA in its account was, thus, irregular as per Accounting Standard (AS 10) Besides, said asset (Building: Rs.61.35 lakh) was not capitalized based on expenditure incurred but on estimated construction cost and so did not represent the actual cost of the building. OOA also irregularly charged depreciation for Rs.26.45 lakh during 2003-04 to 2013-14 on said building, even though title of the land was disputed. Besides, M/s. Incon Associates, the lessee of Barabati Palace, incurred expenditure towards repair and maintenance as well as electricity charges of the Barabati Palace.
As per terms of agreement with M/s. Incon Associates, 50 per cent of the rent in each month was to be adjusted towards construction cost of Barabati Palace. In the accounts of OOA, while cost of construction was booked under fixed assets to be reduced by depreciation each year, in the accounts of M/s. Incon Associates, same was shown under current assets, loan and advances (OOA account) till 2006-07 to be reduced by 50 per cent of rent payable each year.
Investment in Barabati Palace was distinctly shown from 1999-2007 in the accounts of M/s. Incon Associates, but thereafter the same was mixed with other investments due to which amount of investment made in Barabati Palace alone could not be ascertained in Audit. During 1999-2007, OOA adjusted Rs.11.79 lakh in its account whereas M/s. Incon Associates had shown adjustment of Rs.13.76 lakh during the same period as detailed at Annexure 4. The difference of Rs.1.97 lakh was not reconciled (June 2015).
Working results and financial position of M/s. Incon Associates (as per its Annual Accounts from 1999-00 to 2013-14) revealed that it had three different businesses viz. letting out of Barabati Palace, Barabati Guest House and Catering. Expenditure relating to Barabati Palace alone could not be assessed as expenses of all businesses were clubbed. Moreover, following records could not be produced to Audit: Cash books from 1998-99 to 2009-10; Booking and Collection Register from 1999-00 to December 2014; Money Receipts from 1999-00 onwards; Bill Copies from 1999-2000 to 2009-10; Bill Register; Tariff charges of Kalyan Mandap with detailed break-up. Hence, accounts of M/s. Incon Associates could not be relied upon by Audit.
Whether prior approval of General Body taken?
As can be seen from the table, M/s. Incon Associates kept on increasing the cost of construction and OOA regularized the expenditure by signing agreements without prior approval of General Body. The rent was not increased commensurate with the incerease in construction cost as reflected above by ratio between rent agreed and cost of construction. OOA could not produce any record to justify the basis of determination of such monthly rent. As per agreement (July 2002) 50 per cent of rent would be adjusted towards expenditure incurred on construction of said Kalyan Mandap and so full adjustment of cost of construction would have happened after 47 years in 2044 (Annexure 5).
2.3.2. Arbitrary fixation of rent for Kalyan Mandap: Actual rent vis-a- vis fair rent Revenue sharing is a major bidding parameter to ensure that the parties willing to share the highest revenue would get selected. Audit noticed that, OOA did not exercise any due diligence for revenue sharing like the actual income stream of the private partner from utilizing this building, mutually acceptable level of Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and fixing of minimum reserve percentage of revenue share etc.
Thus, it is evident from the above comparison that the rent structure was not fixed rationally keeping in view the cost of land, cost of capital investment, the market rent accruable, time value of money, rate of return and the payback period. Even in 2002, when the last agreement was signed, rent fixed was substantially below the fair rent. Over the years, fair rent has increased substantially but rent charged by OOA has only increased marginally."
45. Keeping in view the aforesaid report, it was observed:- "From the aforesaid report, the differential sum that comes into existence is Rs.1,79,57,211/- (Rupees one crore seventy nine lac, fifty seven thousand two hundred and eleven only). Certain documents have been annexed in support of the report. A copy of the report has been handed over in Court to Mr. Raghvendra Srivastsa, learned counsel for the petitioner. It is open to the petitioner to file an objection to the same within four weeks hence.
46. The appellant has filed an expert opinion on the Accountant General's Report II. The said report is by Shri Haraprasad Das, an expert who is a former Additional Deputy Comptroller and Auditor General, Former Vice Chairman and Acting Chairman State Administrative Tribunal, Odisha.
As per Shri Das, the report of the Accountant General is wrong and the reasons for saying so are below:- "Para 2.3.1 The calculation and the projection up to 2044 is wrong. The correct position is worked out below. It would be seen there from that the Kalyan Mandap (Barabati Palace) would be wholly owned OOA by 2026 i.e. after 11 years. The decision of the OOA Executive Council has proved highly rewarding as OOA has acquired the property without any capital investment. The gain to OOA is huge in real terms. In regard to fixation of rent it is pointed out that OOA had only given a piece of land to Incon and rent was for the land.
As the cost of construction was to be capitalized eventually by OOA, it is not understood how increase in cost of construction would have warranted proportionate increase in rent. The capital applied was that of Incon, so how would OOA charge Incon for increased cost during the period of construction? Audit have missed the essence of the Agreement. The agreement was for acquisition of asset by OOA created by Incon and not for sharing revenue. The observations of the Audit are wrong and are far from facts. Audit had not gone through the arrangements entered into from time to time and subsequent correspondence.
In all the arrangements it is mentioned that the vacant land is given for construction of Kalyan Mandap on the terms that the period of lease is 28 years or till the adjustment of the amount of expenditure of Rs. 80,47,157/- incurred on construction of Kalyan Mandap out of rent payable whichever is earlier. Audit has referred to the Agreement dated 18.3.2002 and the calculation has been made on that basis. Audit has not referred to the corrigendum issued immediately after that providing the lease period of 28 years, agreed to by both parties. Hence the maximum tenure of license is 28 years only.
From the above table it would be seen concluded that only Rs. 39,99,786/- would be adjusted by the time license expires. In other words, Orissa Olympic Association would receive rent of Rs. 39,99,786/- during the tenure of license (being 50% of the rent) and the building at the end of the license period.
Besides, if it is assumed that the licensee had kept the amount spent on construction in bank as fixed deposit at the rate of interest of 8% per annum (Quarterly Compounded), then the Incon would have got Rs. 5,74,22,569/- after the expiry of 28 years. In other words the cost of license to the license (Incon) for 28 years is Rs. 6,54,69,355/- (Rent Paid + Interest Lost + Unadjusted cost of construction) which comes to Rs. 1,94,849/- per month.
The licensee has borne the burden and the OOA has become the final beneficiary. This would show that no favour was shown to INCON. Para 2.3.2 Revenue sharing was not a bidding parameter, firstly because there was no bidding and secondly because OOA did not contemplate revenue sharing when it rented out the vacant a piece of land. The presumptions of Audit are ab initio wrong. Audit has presumed that a constructed building was rented out to Incon and therefore the OPWD fair rent standard was to be applied. Actually the vacant land was leased out at Rs. 1.18 per sq ft which was marginally increased periodically.
The rent per sq ft was arrived at on the basis of fair rent prevailing for vacant land, without any intention of profiting from rent. The real intention was to gain through acquisition of asset. It would be seen from the previous paragraph that the index cost of construction till date works out to Rs. 2.38 crores which would further increase by the time the license would expire (2025-26). The index cost at that point of time would be Rs. 4.76 crores. The superficial calculation done erroneously by audit is required to be wholly rejected. The presumed loss on rent differential Rs. 1.79 crores is therefore without any basis.
In sum: The Principal Accountant-general has audited the accounts of the Odisha Olympic Association again as directed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court, to verify if the income by way of rent earned by the OOA from 23 shops and Kalyan Mandap have been duly accounted for. Audit has confirmed (Para 2.1.2) that OOA had earned revenue of Rs. 97.33 lakhs by way of rent from 23 shops and Kalyan Mandap and that amounts have been duly accounted for by OOA in its books. Hence there is no defalcation or non accounting of rental income. Audit has erred in telescoping the payback period up to 2044. The agreement provided for maximum lease tenure of 28 years. Thus the lease would be over by 2025-26. OOA would come to acquire the property index-valued at around Rs. 4 crores without spending a rupee.
The arrangement is loaded in favour of OOA and not Incon. For Incon it is bad business and for OOA it is a crowning success. Comparison between actual rent charged and fair rent as determined by Roads and buildings is not tenable as R & B rent is far constructed space. Thus the Audit Report (II) establishes the contention of OOA that the revenue accounting of OOA is aboveboard. In so far as the incorrect finding of Audit regarding the revenue potential of the Kalyan Mandap is concerned, we have shown how there has been a gain in real terms for OOA while Incon has suffered huge loss. Therefore there is no question of any concession or favour done to Incon."
47. On a perusal of the objection, it is noticeable that Shri Das has opined that the auditor has not gone through the agreements entered into from time to time and subsequent correspondence wherein it has been mentioned that vacant land is given for construction of Kalyan Mandap on the term that the period of lease is 28 years or till the adjustment of the amount of expenditure of Rs. 80,47,157/- incurred on construction of the Kalyan Mandap out of rent payable whichever is earlier. He has also referred to the pay back schedule and observed that the association would receive rent of Rs. 39,99,786/- during the tenure of licence (being 50% of the rent) and the building period.
The present value of the developed property (calculated till the financial year 2015-16) is Rs. 2,38,31,773/- based on the indexed cost prescribed by the Central Government under the Income Tax Act, 1961. Additionally, he has observed that Audit has confirmed that OOA had earned revenue of Rs. 97.33 lakhs by way of rent from 23 shops and Kalyan Mandap and those amounts have been duly accounted for by OOA in its books. Hence, there is no defalcation or non-accounting of rental income. Shri Das has opined that the association would acquire the property indexed-valued at around Rs. 4 crores without spending any amount.
48. We have accepted the report submitted by the Committee headed by the District Judge, Cuttack. 23 shops are situated on the Government land and part of the Kalyan Mandap is also situated on the Government land. This makes it quite clear that the association has raised construction by encroaching upon the Government land and the expert engaged by the association gives the opinion that Rs. 97.33 lakhs by way of rent had been earned.
There is a lot of gap between the figure arrived at by the Accountant General of Orissa on the basis of the market rent and the figure arrived at by the expert. That apart, the State has shown the revenue generated after it was handed over to it which indubitably shows that either the 23 shops were given on lower rent and similarly, Kalyan Mandap had been let out at a very low price or there had been collusion to show lower receipt though actually there was high collection on rents. This would require investigation.
49. The controversy does not end here. In earlier proceedings, this Court had noted about the induction of the son-in-law of the Secretary as a partner in the firm M/s Incon Associates that has entered into agreement with the association. He might have been inducted at a later stage. There was also allegation that the son and son-in-law are also partners. In such a situation, the conflict of interest arises.
50. Objections have been filed to the said report. As per the report submitted by the CAG and the revenue generation of the State, it is crystal clear that it is incumbent to look at how and under what circumstances the agreements were entered into at a low rate and what amount was actually collected and what happened to the said sum. It has to be borne in mind that the revenue has been generated by constructing on the government land and profit has been earned from the same. That warrants further scrutiny and investigation.
51. Another aspect which cannot be ignored relates to conflict of interest. Vide order dated 9.3.2016, this Court had noted that the son and son-in-law of Mr. Asirbad Behera, General Secretary of the Orissa Olympic Association, were partners. In this regard, we may refer to a two-Judge bench decision in Board of Control for Cricket in India v. Cricket Association of Bihar and others wherein the Court, taking note of the finding of the probe committee, has held that serious issues of conflict of interest adversely affects the game of Cricket which is so popular in this county.
"BCCI is a very important institution that discharges important public functions. Demands of institutional integrity are, therefore, heavy and need to be met suitably in larger public interest. Individuals are birds of passage while institutions are forever. The expectations of the millions of cricket lovers in particular and public at large in general, have lowered considerably the threshold of tolerance for any mischief, wrongdoing or corrupt practices which ought to be weeded out of the system. Conflict of interest is one area which appears to have led to the current confusion and serious misgivings in the public mind as to the manner in which BCCI is managing its affairs".
52. In this regard, reference to the authority in V.C. Rangadurai v. D. Gopalan and others is seemly. In the said case, it has been held that where an advocate finds that there would be conflict of interest in taking up a case of his client, he should not accept the brief of such client against the interest of his earlier client. Though it has been rendered in the context of misconduct of an advocate, yet the concept of conflict of interest has been lucidly set out therein.
"10. This Court in State of Punjab v. Ram Singh, Ex-Constable noticed: "5. Misconduct has been defined in Black's Law Dictionary, 6th Edn. at p. 999 thus: 'A transgression of some established and definite rule of action, a forbidden act, a dereliction from duty, unlawful behaviour, wilful in character, improper or wrong behaviour, its synonyms are misdemeanour, misdeed, misbehaviour, delinquency, impropriety, mismanagement, offence, but not negligence or carelessness.' Misconduct in office has been defined as: 'Any unlawful behaviour by a public officer in relation to the duties of his office, wilful in character.
Term embraces acts which the office-holder had no right to perform, acts performed improperly, and failure to act in the face of an affirmative duty to act.' Aiyar, P. Ramanatha: Law Lexicon, Reprint Edn., 1987, at p. 821 defines 'misconduct' thus: 'The term misconduct implies a wrongful intention, and not a mere error of judgment. Misconduct is not necessarily the same thing as conduct involving moral turpitude. The word misconduct is a relative term, and has to be construed with reference to the subject-matter and the context wherein the term occurs, having regard to the scope of the Act or statute which is being construed.
6. Thus it could be seen that the word 'misconduct' though not capable of precise definition, on reflection receives its connotation from the context, the delinquency in its performance and its effect on the discipline and the nature of the duty. It may involve moral turpitude, it must be improper or wrong behaviour; unlawful behaviour, wilful in character; forbidden act, a transgression of established and definite rule of action or code of conduct but not mere error of judgment, carelessness or negligence in performance of the duty; the act complained of bears forbidden quality or character. Its ambit has to be construed with reference to the subject-matter and the context wherein the term occurs, regard being had to the scope of the statute and the public purpose it seeks to serve.
The police service is a disciplined service and it requires to maintain strict discipline. Laxity in this behalf erodes discipline in the service causing serious effect in the maintenance of law and order." (See also Probodh Kumar Bhowmick v. University of Calcutta and B.C. Chaturvedi v. Union of India.)" 54. We have referred to the aforesaid passages to highlight that when an administrator is discharging public function, he is also required to avoid any type of conflict of interest. It has been so held in the case of Board of Control for Cricket in India (supra). Any action that would show conflict of interest is a transgression of the fundamental principle of fair administration and governance. It can be stated with certitude that the principle of rule of law does not countenance such conflict of interest.
It is clear as day that the relationship between the two individuals and their different obligations expose conflict of interest. It is an interest where one may abuse the public office to gain personal benefit either directly or indirectly. In the instant case, the son of the Secretary of the association is a partner in the firm that had been given the contract. The son might have been inducted as a partner at a later stage but the fact remains that the father was the Secretary of the association. In such a situation, it does not require Solomon's wisdom or, for that matter, the wisdom of an adjudicator as described in "Tripitak" to understand that there is conflict of interest. The Secretary of the association, as it seems, had sent his conscience on vacation.
55. In view of the foregoing analysis, we arrive at the conclusion that the suit land, whereon 23 shops have been constructed and rented out, belongs to the State Government; that a part of the 'Kalyan Mandap' is built on the Government land and a portion of it on the leasehold area of the association; that the association could not have constructed the 'Kalyan Mandap' in this manner and, therefore, the portion of the land deserves to be resumed by the State Government; that the arrangement entered into by the association with M/s. INCON Associates is absolutely illegal and there is a conflict of interest since the Secretary's son and son-in-law have been inducted as partners in the concerned firm; that there is revenue loss as the audit report of the Accountant General is appreciated; that the Secretary of the association could not have been instrumental in unauthorised construction on the government land and in generating revenue therefrom; that there is a serious concern about the nature of revenue generation utilisation and the loss sustained; and that the whole thing makes us feel that there is something rotten in the management of the affairs in fiscal aspects.
(i) The Collector, Cuttack, shall take over possession of 23 shops and the 'Kalyan Mandap'.
(ii) The Department of Revenue shall be entitled to continue the tenancy and maintain the Kalyan Mandap and manage the affairs of the said property through District Collector, Cuttack.
(iii) No tenant or anyone shall be entitled to institute any litigation in any manner in respect of the said property involved in this appeal that has arisen from T.S. No. 312 of 1991 instituted in the Court of Additional Civil Judge, Senior Division, Cuttack.
(iv) The government, if it decides to manage the properties by entering into fresh agreement, is at liberty to do so.
(v) The agreement between the association and M/s. INCON Associates is declared null and void.
(vi) As the conflict of interest is obvious and the Secretary, who is accountable to the public, has failed to conduct himself as required under the law, he is debarred from contesting for any post in the association.
57. Keeping in view the report of the Accountant General and the grave doubt that emerges with regard to realisation of rent or otherwise, as we have already indicated earlier, there has to be investigation and, accordingly, it is directed that the Central Bureau of Investigation shall investigate into the matter keeping in view the report of the Accountant General and the other aspects which pertain to 23 shops and the Kalyan Mandap. If anything ancillary is required, needless to say, the investigating agency can also look into those aspects. The Registry is directed to hand over a copy of this order to Mr. P.K. Dey, learned counsel who ordinarily appears for the Central Bureau of Investigation.
58. In view of the aforesaid premises, the judgment and order passed by the High Court remitting the matter as well as the judgment and decree of the trial court are set aside. The conclusions arrived at by the trial court and the directions given by the High Court are substituted by our aforesaid conclusion and directions.
There shall be no order as regards to the costs of this appeal.
 Three (3) parcels of land measuring 20.808 acre, 2.703 acre and 1.939 acre.
 0.717 acre out of 25.450 acre of land was not settled.
 The cost of construction was borne by the private party viz. M/s. Incon Associates who adjusted fifty per cent of rent from monthly rent towards cost of construction.
 As per financial statement of M/s. Incon Associates for the years 1998-99 to 2013-14 (except 2000-01 and 2006-07 which were not produced to Audit). Moreover, money Receipts in respect of these receipts could also not be furnished to Audit.
 Excepting for 2000-01 and 2007-08 for which annual accounts were not produced to Audit.

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