Source: https://chestofbooks.com/real-estate/Real-Property-Interests-Law/Sec-186-Effect-of-remoteness-of-limitation.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 00:41:03+00:00

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Limitations which are void for remoteness have ordinarily no effect upon estates previously limited to others. So, previous interests which were intended to be abridged by such limitations, continue unaffected by the void limitations. For instance, in the case of a devise in fee simple, with a limitation over to B at the termination of twenty-five years, the latter limitation being void, A has an indefeasible fee-simple estate.50 If how47. Lewis, Perpetuity, 186; Marsden, Perpetuities, c. 15; Pells v. Brown, Cro. Jac. 590; Duke of Norfolk's Case, 3 Ch. Cas. 1; Glover v. Condell, 163 111. 566, 35 L. R. A. 360, 45 N. E. 173. Pratt v. Alger, 136 Mass. 550; Lee v Oates, 171 N. Car. 717, 88 S. E. 889.
48. Hertz v. Abrahams, 110 Ga. 707, 50 L. R. A. 542, 36 S. E. 409; Huxford v. Milligan, 50 Ind. 542; Comegys v. Jones, 65 Md. 317, 4 Atl. 657; Lurman v. Hubner, 75 Md. 268, 23 Atl. 646; Riley v. Jaeger (Mo.) 189 S. W. 1168; Merrill v. American Baptist Missionary Union, 73 N. H. 416, 111 Am. St. Rep. 632. 62 Atl. 647, 3 L. R. A. N. S. 1143.
49. Lewis, Perpetuity, 318. et seq.; Marsden, Perpetuities, 183; Gray, Perpetuities, Sec. 212; Fearne, Cont. Rem. 485; Barlow v. Salter, 17 Ves. 479.
50. Gray, Perpetuities, Sec.Sec. 247-250; Watkins v. Quarles, 33 Ark. 179; Nevitt v. Woodburn, 190 111. 283; Johnson v. Preston, 226 111. 447, 10 L. R. A. (N. S.) 564, 80 N. E. 1001; Carpenter v. Hubbard, 263 111. 571, 105 N. E. 688; Gray v. Whittemore, 192 Mass. 367, 10 L. R. A. (N. S.) 1143, 116 Am. St.
Rep. 246, 78 N. E. 422; Wood v. Griffin, 46 N. H. 230; Stout v. Stout, 44 N. J. Eq. 479, 15 Atl. 843; In re Whitman's Estate, 248 Pa. 285, 93 Atl. 1062; Goffe v. Goffe, 37 R. I. 542, Ann. Cas. 1916B, 240, 94 Atl. 2.
51. Eldred v. Meek, 183 111. 26, 75 Am. St. Rep. 86, 55 N. E. 536; Barrett v. Barett, 255 111. 332, 99 N. E. 625; Thorndike v. Loring, 15 Gray, 391; Kountz's Estate, 213 Pa. 390, 3 L. R. A. N. S. 369, 5 A. & E. Ann. Cas. 427, 62 Atl. 1103; See Gray, Perpetuities, Sec.Sec. 247-249E.
53. Gray, Perpetuities, Sec.Sec. 251-257; See also editorial notes in 15 Columbia Law Rev. at p. 722, 29 Harv. Law Rev. at p. 341.
- Separation of limitations. When a limitation provides for the vesting of an estate on an event which may occur beyond the legal period, it will not be separated into two gifts by the court,-one in ease the event named occurs within the period, and the other in case it occurs thereafter, and upheld as to the former.55 Accordingly, the fact that the happening of the event named would necessarily involve another contingency which is not remote does not render the limitation over valid in the latter contingency, unless this latter contingency is named in the original limitation,-that is, unless the original settlor expressly so provides.56 Thus, if there is a gift to A for life, with a gift over in case he has no son who shall attain twenty-five years, the gift over is void, though the contingency named includes the contingency that A may have no children, which must occur during A's life. If, on the other hand, there is a gift over in case A has no son who shall attain twenty-five years, or "in case he has no son," while the gift over in the first alternative will be void, that in the second will be upheld.57 In the case of such alternative or separable limitations, it is well settled that one may be valid, though the other violates the rule;58 and it has been adjudged in England that, even when the settlor or testator has not in terms separated the contation was held to fail because created solely for the purpose of making the invalid gift over.
55. Lewis, Perpetuity, 465, 466; Gray, Perpetuities, Sec. 331; Post v. Rohrbach, 142 111. 600, 32 N. E. 687; Eldred v. Meek, 183 111. 26, 75 Am. St. Rep. 86, 55 N. E. 536.
56. Gray, Perpetuities, Sec.Sec. 332-337; Proctor v. Bishop of Bath & Wells, 2 H. Bl. 358.
57. See Miles v. Harford, 12 Ch. Div. 691.
Leake v. Robinson, 2 Mer. 363; Longhead v. Phelps, 2 W. Bl. 704; Halsey v. Goddard, 86 Fed. 25; Perkins v. Fisher, 8 C. C. A. 270, 59 Fed. 801; Quinlan v. Wickman, 233 111. 39, 84 N. E. 38, 122 Am. St. Rep. 144; Jackson v. Phillips, 14 Allen (Mass.) 572; Seaver v. Fitzgerald, 141 Mass. 401, 6 N. E. 73; Gray v. Whittemore, 192 Mass. 367, 78 N. E. 422, 116 Am. St. Rep. 246; Walker v. Lewis, 90 Va. 573, 19 S. E. 258.
59. Challis v. Doe, 18 Q. B. 231; Evers v. Challis, 7 H. L. Cas. 531; See note 11 Columbia Law Rev. at p. 271.
60. Gray, Perpetuities, Sec.Sec. 369-389; 1 Jarman, Wills, 229; Leake v. Robinson, 2 Mer. 363; Porter v. Fox, 6 Sim. 485; In re Moseley's Trusts, L. R. 11 Eq. 499, 11 Ch. Div. 555; Pearks v. Moseley, 5 App. Cas. 714; Sears v. Putnam, 102 Mass. 5; Coggins' Appeal, 124 Pa. St. 10; Eldred v. Meek, 183 111. 26, 75 Am. St. Rep. 86, 55 N. E. 536; Lawrence v. Smith, 163 111. 149, 45 N. E. 259.
In Edgerly v. Barker, 66 N. H. 434, 472, 31 Atl. 900, 28 L. R. A. 328, in the case of a devise to grandchildren on arrival at the age of forty, which is evidently too remote, the court held that the devise would be upheld so as to vest upon the arrival of the grandchildren at the age of twenty-one,-that is, within the legal period. This decision is search-ingly criticised by Professor Gray in 9 Harv. Law Rev. 242, Gray, Perpetuities, Sec. 857 et seq., where the uncertainty and confusion likely to arise from such attempts to mould the limitations in order to make them valid are clearly shown.
61. Gray, Perpetuities, Sec.Sec. 389-395; 1 Jarman, Wills, 229; Cattlin v. Brown, 11 Hare, 372; Storrs v. Benbow, 3 De Gex, M. & G. 390; Albert v. Albert, 68 Md. 352, Bowerman v. Taylor, 126 Md. 203, 94 Atl. 652. As supporting this view, Prof. Gray considers at length Lowry v. Muldrow, 8 Rich.

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