Source: https://portalperiodicos.unoesc.edu.br/espacojuridico/article/view/19725
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 07:52:19+00:00

Document:
O conceito de direitos humanos: ortodoxo ou político?
Resumo: O que são os direitos humanos? O que os tornam distintos de outras considerações morais, jurídicas e políticas? Neste artigo, os autores trazem uma revisão de literatura dessa questão conceitual a partir da recém-formada dicotomia na academia internacional entre concepções ortodoxas e políticas de direitos humanos. Segundo a primeira, direitos humanos são direitos morais possuídos por todos os seres humanos tão somente em virtude de sua humanidade. Para a segunda, eles são normas cuja natureza deve ser investigada à luz das funções que desempenham na ordem jurídico-política internacional. O texto se encontra disposto da seguinte forma: as partes 1 e 2 apresentam duas formulações influentes de cada uma das propostas, respectivamente, às de James Griffin e John Tasioulas, e Charles Beitz e Joseph Raz. A parte 3, por sua vez, trata do debate entre elas, mais especificamente, das críticas dirigidas uma a outra, além do mérito das ditas concepções mistas ou conciliatórias.
Palavras-chave: Direitos humanos. Conceito. Concepção ortodoxa. Concepção política.
Abstract: What are human rights? What makes them different from other moral, juridical and political considerations? In this essay, the authors bring a literature review of this conceptual question through a comparative analysis of the newly formed dichotomy in the international academy between orthodox and political conceptions of human rights. According to the former, human rights are moral rights possessed by all humans simply in virtue of their shared humanity. To the latter, their nature is best conceived in light of their functions in the international juridical-political order. Parts 1 and 2 present two influential formulations of each view, respectively, James Griffin and John Tasioulas’, and Charles Beitz and Joseph Raz’s. Part 3, on its turn, covers the debate between them, more specifically, the critiques formulated against one another, as well as the merit of the so-called mixed or conciliatory conceptions.
Keywords: Human Rights. Concept. Orthodox Conception. Political Conception.
Professor Associado IV da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
Professor Adjunto III da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais.
Fellow da Fundação Alexander von Humboldt.
Área de atuação: Filosofia do Direito.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Direito.
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