Source: https://www.scribd.com/document/321204485/Stephanie-Ney-v-Landmark-Education-Corporation-Ron-Zeller-and-Werner-Erhard-Werner-Erhard-and-Associates-Peter-Sias-16-F-3d-410-4th-Cir-1994
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 18:45:26+00:00

Document:
Richard Alan Seligman, Washington, D.C., for appellant.
Robert Powel Trout, Dunnells & Duvall, Washington, D.C.,, or appellees.
corporation wholly owned by him, Werner Erhard & Associates (WE & A).
defendant with respect to claims of intentional infliction of emotional distress.
by Erhard d/b/a/ WE & A. The Forum, a successor to the well-known "est"
program, might be described as a group therapy/self-improvement program.
delivered the Forum outside the United States.
brother. The only bidder aside from Landmark was Cox.
also acquired Erhard's stock in WE & AII, which was valued at $1,200,000.
and the due date delayed.
the United States and internationally with the exception of Japan and Mexico.
a total payment of $15 million over the 18 year term of the license.
emotional distress, including claims for "psychological" and physical injuries.
Hughes v. Moore, 214 Va. 27, 197 S.E.2d 214 (1973); and Howard v.
since she has been treated with medication, her injuries have a "biochemical"
aspect that is "physical" and "material." She also has suffered headaches.
nature and their cause remain in dispute.
Claims for purely emotional distress are "not favored in the law." Ruth v.
causation, and fraudulent emotional injuries can be difficult to detect.
perversion of fundamental principles of justice.
birth of the child. Id.
same week she attended the Forum.
attempted to rely on a recent Virginia Supreme Court case, Howard v.
"professional negligence," not merely negligent infliction of emotional distress.
very least establishes a prima facie case of injury.
plaintiff sustained positive physical and mental harm.
tubes, needles administering"pain shots," and instruments used to withdraw blood.
did not satisfy the physical injury requirement of Virginia law. Id. at 466.
not merely of an underlying emotional disturbance.") (emphasis in original).
suffered by Ney simply is not recognized as actionable absent physical injury.
hypothesis. No evidence supports her contention, and no experts testified to it.
cannot overcome Virginia's test for negligent infliction of emotional distress.
not produce sufficient proof to recover under Virginia law.
to present The Forum and his receipt of Landmark profits.
Federal Practice and Procedure, Sec. 2524, at 543-45.
corporation; or (d) that the transaction was fraudulent in fact.
(E.D. Va.1987); Harris v. T.I., Inc., 243 Va. 63, 413 S.E.2d 605, 609 (1992).
the predecessor and successor corporations." Id. at 23.
Corporations at Sec. 7124.10, 291-292).
continued working for Landmark after the sale.
remained unchanged throughout the transaction.
purchasing corporations is the key element of a "continuation".
and directors between the two corporations.").
609; Taylor v. Atlas Safety Equipment. Co., 808 F.Supp. 1246, 1251 (E.D.
employees, and Erhard owns no stock in the new company.
competed with Landmark to buy WE & A's license and lost out to Landmark.
Virginia law] to sustain a finding of mere continuation").
$300,000 was paid out of corporate stock in WE & AII acquired by Landmark.
district court's directed verdict on the successor liability.
does not apply to the facts of the instant case. See, e.g, Bud Antle, Inc. v.
pleading, saying that "fraudulent conveyance was never pled by plaintiffs."
of successor liability." Br. of Appellant, at 37.
Ney, but it has been rejected expressly by the Supreme Court of Virginia.
sharing plan under I.R.C. Sec. 401 (1993), they could be considered "owners"
Tan vs Standard Vacuum Oil Co.

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