Source: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/east/vol3/pp47-52
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 00:23:46+00:00

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The higher ground in the township reaches little more than 25 ft. above sea-level. The alluvium of the lower ground occupies the southern part of the township, together with a narrow strip beside the Ouse on the west, widening in the north-west beyond another sharp bend in the river. The name Turnhead, recorded from the 14th century onwards, refers to the bend and to the promontory formed by it on the opposite bank. (fn. 3) Away from the river the township boundary partly follows drainage dikes on the lower ground. The small open fields of the township lay mainly on the higher ground but also extended to the south of the village; in the north Barlby common adjoined similar areas in Riccall and Osgodby. Common meadows and early inclosures occupied the low ground, including the Angrams near the river beyond Turnhead. The open fields and meadows were inclosed in 1846 and the common in 1858.
Most of the older houses in Barlby village lie along the Riccall road but the church stands back from it and is approached by narrow lanes. There are a few 18th-century houses, including a farm-house close to the church and a long brick house further north where the vicar once lived. (fn. 17) The largest early-19th-century houses are the manor-house (fn. 18) and the Grove, the latter a stuccoed villa on the Riccall road with extensive outbuildings, including a dovecot. The former pinfold still stands near the manor-house. Much building has taken place in the 20th century, both before and after the Second World War, especially to the east and north of the village. At the north end there are more than 80 council houses. The chief outlying farm-house is Turnhead Lodge, close beside the Ouse.
There were between one and three licensed alehouses in Barlby in the later 19th century. (fn. 25) In 1823 the inns were known as the Plough and the Bay Horse, but by 1826 the latter had been replaced by the Boot and Shoe, (fn. 26) which in turn had been replaced by the New Inn by 1872. (fn. 27) The Plough and the New Inn still existed in the old village in 1973. The only inn at Barlby Bank is the Olympia Hotel, opened by 1921; (fn. 28) it takes its name from the Olympia Mills and its sign shows seed-crushing machinery.
The demesne lord of BARLBY manor in the mid 12th century was Gilbert of Barlby, holding 2 carucates of the bishop. (fn. 35) He was succeeded by his son William de Aton. Another William held it in 1284, and the heirs of Gilbert de Aton in 1302; it subsequently passed to another Gilbert (d. 1324) and to his son William (d. 1389). (fn. 36) William's heirs were his daughters Anastasia, who married Edward St. John, Catherine, who married Ralph Eure, and Elizabeth, who married first William Place and secondly Sir John Conyers. (fn. 37) The descent of Elizabeth's share has not been traced. Anastasia's daughter Margaret married Thomas Broomfleet, and their granddaughter married John, Lord Clifford. (fn. 38) The Cliffords held a share of the manor until 1553, when Henry Clifford, earl of Cumberland, sold it to Sir William Babthorpe. (fn. 39) In 1602 Ralph Babthorpe secured Catherine Aton's share from Ralph, Lord Eure, (fn. 40) and the Babthorpes probably then owned the whole manor.
The medieval manor-house at Barlby, probably standing on a moated site later called the Island, apparently passed to the Lodge family in the early 16th century. In 1672 it had 11 hearths. (fn. 44) It was held by the Lodges until the death in 1717 of Ralph Lodge, who was succeeded by his sisters Eleanor Spofforth and Elizabeth Lacy. (fn. 45) In 1727 the Spofforths and Lacys conveyed the manor-house to John Denton, together with the adjoining 'new house', a garden called the Island, 'encompassed with a box hedge and a moat', and 100 a. of land. (fn. 46) The estate was sold by William Denton to Isaac Nurse in 1766, and by G. W. Nurse to John and Joseph Blanshard in 1785. (fn. 47) Susanna, Joseph's daughter, who married Joseph Stringer, is said to have rebuilt the house c. 1820. (fn. 48) The Stringers kept the estate until the death of J. B. Stringer in 1919, and his devisees sold the Hall and 12 a. the following year to J. W. R. Parker and J. F. Burn-Murdoch. They promptly conveyed it to the Selby Warehousing and Transport Co. Ltd. (fn. 49) It was sold in 1940 to the Olympia Oil and Cake Co. Ltd. and in 1959 to P. B. Flohil. (fn. 50) The early-19th-century red-brick house has a slated roof and a pediment over the centre of the entrance front.
The largest of the freehold estates in the township in the early 19th century was probably the Robinsons'. (fn. 51) After Mary Robinson's death in 1839 it was held in trust by her brother William's daughter Mary Carr (d. 1871). From her the trusteeship passed to her daughters Mary, wife of T. G. Parker, and Marian, wife of the Revd. J. M. Burn Murdoch. (fn. 52) The estate still contained 386 a. in Barlby in 1905 (fn. 53) but subsequently it was gradually split up and sold.
In 1086 another carucate of land in Barlby was held by Ralph Paynel, having previously belonged to Merleswain. (fn. 54) Soon afterwards Paynel gave it to Holy Trinity priory, York, which he founded as a cell of Marmoutier abbey (Bas-Rhin). (fn. 55) The gift was confirmed on several occasions, the last in 1464. (fn. 56) The subsequent descent of the estate has not been traced.
Several small grants in Barlby were made by the Atons and others to Selby abbey. (fn. 57) After the Dissolution, however, grants of former abbey property in Barlby comprised free rents rather than land. Thus rents totalling over £5 were granted in 1558. (fn. 58) The rents apparently derived from land at Barlby Bank, close to Selby, which eventually passed, like Skipwith manor, (fn. 59) to Banastre Walton (d. 1784); his widow Jane sold 169 a. at Barlby Bank to Robert, Lord Petre, in 1785. (fn. 60) Laura M. Petre sold it, comprising 202 a., to Thomas Ashworth (d. 1870) in 1851. (fn. 61) Ashworth's trustees held it until 1913, when 177 a. were conveyed to the Selby Warehousing and Transport Co. Ltd. (fn. 62) In 1940 much of the estate was sold to the Olympia Oil and Cake Co. Ltd., (fn. 63) and most of it still belonged to British Oil and Cake Mills Ltd. in 1973.
More names of open-field areas may be identified in the 18th century: Morcar, High, Chapel, and Out fields, and High North croft, for example. (fn. 78) The fragmented character of the open fields and meadows is revealed by the tithe award map of 1841, (fn. 79) and when they were inclosed in 1846, under the general Inclosure Act of 1836, (fn. 80) there were a dozen areas to be dealt with comprising only 216 a. all told. Allotments were made from the An grams, including 'Beenfleet' (totalling 57 a.), High field (50 a.), Barley Croft field (23 a.), Ing Roods field (16 a.), Long Moor carr (16 a.), Newland field (14 a.), Short Moor carr (11 a.), Fadeland field (9 a.), North Croft field (8 a.), Turnhead field (5 a.), and Scotch Croft field (3 a.). There were 25 allotments of under 10 a. each, 5 of 10–39 a., and one of over 40 a.
The tithable land in 1841 had consisted of 896 a. of arable, 240 a. of meadow or pasture, 80 a. of common, and 20 a. of woodland. (fn. 81) The common, mainly at the northern end of the township, remained until 1858, when it was inclosed under the general Inclosure Act of 1845. (fn. 82) A small area of common south of the village included Carr hill, near Barlby Bank. Allotments totalling 73 a. were made in lieu of 43 common rights. Nineteen people received under 10 a. each and the lord of the manor 14 a.
From the Middle Ages onwards the Ouse at Barlby supported a fishery, (fn. 88) and there was doubtless some river traffic from the village. In 1341, for example, it was reported that wool was put aboard a ship at Turnhead to be sent to Hull. (fn. 89) A windmill was recorded in the 17th century (fn. 90) and there was a brickmaker in 1823, (fn. 91) but more diversified employment followed the development of Barlby Bank.
By the mid 19th century there were several agricultural and timber merchants, a few mariners, some railway and toll-bridge employees, and a flax spinner at Barlby Bank. (fn. 92) It was not until soon after 1900, however, that larger industrial firms became established there, mostly occupying land on either side of the Selby-Barlby road with frontages to the Ouse and the railway. Dent and Co., tar distillers, moved in c. 1905 and remained until 1957. (fn. 93) W. L. Kirby Ltd., steam flour millers, arrived in 1905 and their Imperial Mills were taken over by Joseph Rank Ltd. in 1967. (fn. 94) The Olympia Oil and Cake Co. Ltd. acquired sites in 1909–10; their buildings, which later dominated the road and river frontages, have been in the ownership of British Oil and Cake Mills Ltd. since 1952. (fn. 95) Fletcher's Sauce Co. Ltd. was established at Barlby in 1920 and remained in 1973 as part of Smedley–H.P. Foods Ltd. (fn. 96) The Yorkshire Sugar Co. Ltd., later part of the British Sugar Corporation Ltd., bought 69 a., stretching from the railway to the Ouse, in 1927; its riverside factory lies well away from the Selby–Barlby road. (fn. 97) Other 20th-century firms have included a cooper's, an agricultural marketing and supply company, and an engineer's.
No manorial records and no parochial records before 1835 are known. Barlby joined the Selby poor-law union in 1837, (fn. 98) and the site of four recently-demolished poorhouses was sold by the union in 1867. (fn. 99) Barlby became part of Riccall rural district in 1894, Derwent rural district in 1935, (fn. 100) and the Selby district of North Yorkshire in 1974.
William Williamson, curate from 1625, was inhibited from preaching in 1632, (fn. 119) and subsequently Thomas Lecke, curate, was ejected. (fn. 120) In 1716 Thomas Froggott, vicar of Ricall, was curate, (fn. 121) and two vicars of Hemingbrough, Marmaduke Teasdale and William Potter the younger, both held Barlby as well later in the century. Robert Potter, curate 1761–8, was also vicar of Stillingfleet, and several 19th-century incumbents also held and resided upon other livings. (fn. 122) An assistant curate was employed during the incumbency of Thomas Braim (1812–25), (fn. 123) again in 1835, (fn. 124) and probably on other occasions, too.
One service was held each Sunday in 1743 and 1764. (fn. 125) There was still only one weekly service in 1851 (fn. 126) but two by 1865, and thereafter communion was celebrated about six times a year, with 12–20 communicants. By 1914 there was monthly communion. (fn. 127) There were three services each Sunday in 1973.
The church was enlarged and restored in 1895 (fn. 133) to the designs of C. H. Fowler. (fn. 134) Besides the removal of the projections and the bricking up of the arches leading into them, a chancel, vestry, and west porch were added, all in a style matching that of the earlier work. The gallery was removed and the interior refitted.
A house in Barlby was registered for worship by Independents in 1772, (fn. 142) and other houses were registered by dissenters in 1818, 1822, and 1826. (fn. 143) The Wesleyan Methodists were said in 1851 to meet in a granary in summer and two houses in winter, (fn. 144) but soon afterwards they built a chapel, registered in 1857. (fn. 145) The chapel, standing on the Osgodby road, was replaced by a new one in 1961 (fn. 146) and the old building was demolished in 1972. (fn. 147) The new chapel, on the same road midway between Barlby and Osgodby villages, was still in use in 1973.
1. Bulmer, Dir. E. Yorks. (1892), 546.
2. O.S. Map 6", Yorks. (1854 edn.). Most of the township is covered by sheet 221, the rest by sheet 206.
3. P.N.E.R. Yorks. (E.P.N.S.), 257.
4. Cal. Pat. 1317–21, 479; 1343–5, 96, 182.
6. Ibid. QAH/1/26. See p. 83.
7. Selby Coucher Bk. i (Y.A.S. Rec. Ser. x), 360; Valor Eccl. v. 12.
8. K. A. MacMahon, Roads and Turnpike Trusts in E. Yorks. (E. Yorks. Loc. Hist. Ser. xviii), 32–3.
9. B.I.H.R., TA. 642L; K. A. MacMahon, Beginnings of E. Yorks. Rlys. (E. Yorks. Loc. Hist. Ser. iii), 8.
10. Yorks. Eve. Press, 30 Aug. 1969; 17 Jan. 1970.
11. B. F. Duckham, Yorks. Ouse, 159.
12. E.R.C.C. Mins. 1928–9, 237; 1929–30, 389; R.D.B., e.g. 348/138/116.
13. E.R.C.C. Mins. 1929–30, 159; 1935–6, 245; R.D.B., 400/117/86.
14. V.C.H. Yorks. E.R. i. 392; Duckham, Yorks. Ouse, 170.
15. MacMahon, Beginnings of E. Yorks. Rlys. 14; V.C.H. City of York, 478.
16. Hull Daily Mail, 12 June 1965.
19. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 356.
22. For industry see p. 50.
24. Bulmer, Dir. E. Yorks. (1892), 547.
27. Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1872), 313.
29. T.E.R.A.S. xv. 53–4. There is no return for 1377.
30. E 179/205/504. No separate figure for Barlby was given in 1743 and 1764: see p. 39.
31. V.C.H. Yorks. iii. 498.
33. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 217, 319.
34. C 142/194 no. 22.
35. E.Y.C. ii, p. 279.
36. Feud. Aids, vi. 37, 138, 172, 224; Yorks. Fines, 1347– 77, p. 94; Cal. Chart. R. 1300–26, 121; Burke, Dorm. & Ext. Peerages (1883), 15.
37. Cal. Close, 1385–9, 580; Feud. Aids, vi. 543.
38. Yorks. Deeds, ix, p. 117; Burton, Hemingbrough, 360.
39. Yorks. Fines, i. 171; Test. Ebor. vi, p. 130.
40. Yorks. Fines, iv. 194; Test. Ebor. vi, pp. 184, 187.
45. Burton, Hemingbrough, 361–3 and pedigree facing p. 363.
49. R.D.B., 206/307/263; /308/264; 209/116/99; /118/ 101.
52. R.D.B., FT/379/431; Burton, Hemingbrough, 159.
53. R.D.B., 78/347/324; /350/325 (1905).
54. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 173, 270.
55. V.C.H. City of York, 374; E.Y.C. vi, pp. 56, 66, 73.
56. Cal. Pat. 1461–7, 375–6.
57. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 350 sqq.; J. Burton, Mon. Ebor. 390.
58. Cal. Pat. 1557–8, 286, 385–6.
65. C 94/3 f. 77.
68. C 94/3 f. 77; B.I.H.R., TA. 642L.
69. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 270.
70. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 350–1, 355–8, 361, 370, 374–5; Yorks. Fines, 1232–46, p. 70.
71. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 360–1; Burton, Hemingbrough, 357–8.
73. Ibid. DDCV/6/10, 12–13, 18; Burton, Hemingbrough, 362.
74. E.R.R.O., DDCV/6/1, 5; DDBV/3/1; DDX/31/99.
75. Test. Ebor. iv, p. 84 n.
78. Ibid. DDFA/1/1; /14/110; B.I.H.R., TER. N. Barl. 1770.
80. E.R.R.O., Enrolment Bk. H, pp. 188 sqq.
82. E.R.R.O., IA. Barlby, including map.
87. [1st] Land Util. Surv. Map, sheet 32; 2nd Land Util. Surv. Map, sheet 689 (SE 63–73).
88. e.g. E.R.R.O., DDFA/1/1; /14/262; Public Works in Med. Law, ii (Selden Soc. xl), 254, 267–8.
89. Cal. Inq. Misc. ii, p. 438.
91. Baines, Hist. Yorks. ii. 152.
92. H.O. 107/2351; White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 331–2.
93. R.D.B., 100/330/303 (1907); 1064/457/407; Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1905), 417.
94. R.D.B., 74/137/129; /138/130 (1905); 1513/91/82; Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1909), 429.
95. R.D.B., 116/388/364; 126/304/274; H. W. Brace, Hist. of Seed Crushing in Gt. Brit. 154; Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1913), 445.
96. R.D.B., 217/204/185; 286/564/482; 616/47/34; Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1921), 437.
97. R.D.B., 348/205/159; Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1929), 443.
98. 3rd Rep. Poor Law Com. 178.
102. C 94/3 f. 77.
103. e.g. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Barlby 1716 etc.; V. 1865/Ret. 34; Rep. Com. Eccl. Revenues, 916.
104. Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1889), 324.
105. Lond. Gaz. 30 Aug. 1929, pp. 5637–8.
106. e.g. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1764/Ret. 24.
107. Ibid. TER. N. Barlby 1716, 1727.
109. Lawton, Rer. Eccl. Dioc. Ebor. ii. 443.
111. Rep. Com. Eccl. Revenues, 916.
112. Lond. Gaz. 28 July 1863, p. 3744.
113. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1884/Ret.; Bp. V. 1914/Ret.
114. Ibid. PR. BARL. 5.
115. Ibid. TER. N. Barlby 1743, 1770, 1817, 1865.
116. Ex inf. the vicar, 1974.
117. O.S. Map 1/2,500, Yorks. CCXXI. 3 (1908 edn.); see P. 47.
118. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1894/Ret.; E.R.R.O., DDX/234/1.
119. R. A. Marchant, Puritans and the Ch. Courts in Dioc. York, 1560–1642, 292, 319.
120. B. Dale, Yorks. Puritanism and Early Nonconf. 7.
121. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Barlby 1716; Burton, Hemingbrough, 343.
124. Rep. Com. Eccl. Revenues, 916.
125. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1764/Ret. 24; Herring's Visit. ii. 66, 93.
127. B.I.H.R., V. 1865/Ret. 34; V. 1868/Ret. 34; V. 1871/ Ret. 34; V. 1877/Ret.; Bp. V. 1884/Ret.; Bp. V. 1914/Ret.
128. It was so dedicated in 1895: stone in building.
129. B.I.H.R., Fac. Bk. ii, pp. 234–5; Burton, Hemingbrough, 338–9.
130. B.I.H.R., How. 6, 1844; Burton, Hemingbrough, 329, 339–40, including illus.
131. B.I.H.R., V. 1868/Ret. 34; Burton, Hemingbrough, 340.
133. B.I.H.R., Fac. Bk. vi, p. 1050; inscribed stone in building.
135. Boulter, 'Ch. Bells', 30.
136. Yorks. Ch. Plate, i. 212.
138. B.I.H.R., PR. BARL. 1.
141. York Dioc. Regy., Consecration deeds; B.I.H.R., Fac. Bk. x, p. 352.
142. B.I.H.R., Fac. Bk. ii, p. 98.
143. G.R.O. Worship Returns, Vol. v, nos. 3170, 3676, 4052.
145. G.R.O. Worship Reg. no. 8097.
149. Educ. of Poor Digest, 1082; Educ. Enquiry Abstract, 1086.
150. Burton, Hemingbrough, 141–2, 352; 10th Rep. Com. Char. 667.
152. Returns relating to Elem. Educ. 790.
153. Ed. 7/135 no. 8.
154. Rep. of Educ. Cttee. of Council, 1877–8 [C. 2048–1], p. 838, H.C. (1878), xxviii.
155. Rets, relating to Elem. Educ. 790.
156. Burton, Hemingbrough, 159, 352–3.
157. Ed. 7/135 no. 8; E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1909–10, 226.
158. Ed. 7/135 no. 8; E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1913–14, 331.
159. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1914/Ret.
161. E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1914–15, 310.
162. Bd. of Educ. List 21 (H.M.S.O.).
163. E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1920–1, 209.
166. E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1950–1, 218.
167. Ex inf. Chief Educ. Officer, County Hall, Beverley, 1973.
168. Ed. 7/135 no. 212.
170. Ex inf. Chief Educ. Officer.
172. 10th Rep. Com. Char. 667; Burton, Hemingbrough, 351–2.
175. Ibid. 159, 353; Char. Com. files.
176. Char. Com. files; ex inf. the vicar, 1974.
177. Char. Com. files; Burton, Hemingbrough, 353–4.
178. Char. Com. files; ex inf. the vicar, 1974.
179. Char. Com. files; Burton, Hemingbrough, 354.

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