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Order in Council setting aside waste lands in the Hundred of Wauraltee as a site for the Township of Wauraltee.
Orders in Council reserving a piece of land as a site for the public Cemetery of the Hundred of Wauraltee; setting apart certain waste lands as suburbs to the Township of Wauraltee; and dedicating a piece of land in the Hundred of Wauraltee as a place for the recreation and amusement of the inhabitants of the Township of Wauraltee, to be called Park Lands.
August 26. A large area of land is under cultivation in this neighbourhood, and the crops at the present time are looking remarkably well, but farmers are hoping for more rain.
There has been some talk of holding a meeting to petition the Commissioner of Crown Lands to postpone the payment of our second instalment of interest till after harvest, as it comes due at a very inconvenient time (early in December); but considering that the reply of the Commissioner to the Maitland applicants refers to the colony at large, the idea has been abandoned, and each selector who requires the extension of time will apply on his own account. Our one great want is school accommodation. Formal application has been made in the proper quarter, but there appears to be the usual amount of redtapeism or dliatoriness connected with Government departments. There are between 40 and 50 children of a school-going age within a radius of three miles of our Post Office who are growing up in absolute ignorance, none of them having had the opportunity of going to school for the past three years. I think sparsely populated places require more attention in educational matters, as such places ore unable to help themselves ; whereas where people are plentiful private enterprise will supply any requirements otherwise neglected. For the past two years our greatest drawback has been the scarcity of water, many settlers having had to cart it a distance of 10 or 12 miles. A great number of tanks and dams have however been made during the last twelve months, most of which are now full or nearly so. It is to be hoped that as a rule water-carting in this district may be considered a thing of the past.
DEPUTATION. A PUBLIC SCHOOL AT WAURALTIE.
On Thursday morning, February 27, Messrs. J. C. Leonard, and J. J. Bradford, of Wauraltie. introduced by Mr. L. L. Furner, M.P., waited on the minister of Education, Hon. T. King, to urge on him the claims of their district for the erection of a public school. The matter was brought before the department about three months ago, but since then it appears to have been overlooked. Mr. Furner, in introducing the deputation, referred to the fact of the matter having been brought before the old Council of Education, just before that body was abolished, and said that was probably the cause of the case not having been attended to. The necessities of the district in reference to education were very urgent, as there was no school of any kind in the neighbourhood though there was a considerable number of children of a school-going age, he believed about forty. Mr. Leonard said Mr. Furner had correctly stated the facts of the case. After they last waited on the Council of Education the harvest had intervened and the farmers had been unable to attend to the matter. There were about forty children within a radius of three miles from the place where they wanted the school. Port Victoria was the post town, but the settlement where they wanted the school was about seven and a half miles from the Port, where seven roads met. He might call it the village of Wauraltie.
The Minister— Then there are two Wauralties ?
Yes ; it was a pity they were not distinctly named.
The Minister— Then there is really no township there?
No, only the settlers' houses around; there was also a store and blacksmith's shop and a Wesleyan Chapel. Within a radius of 4 or 4.5 miles he felt certain they would have an average attendance of 25 to 30 children, and if the school were built to accommodate 30 he thought it would answer present requirements. There was plenty of good building material at hand, and he believed £400 would build the school and teacher's residence. He would ask that a provisional teacher might be appointed at once, as the children had at present no means of instruction whatever, though the place had been settled for three years, and many of them were getting almost beyond an age to go to school. Mr. Bradford endorsed what Mr. Leonard had said, but thought he had rather under-estimated the number of the children, as more families had come into the neighbourhood. The Minister, in reply, said their request for school accommodation had not been forgotten, but the Government found a difficulty in reference to erecting schools in agricultural settlements, for when they put up a substantial building of brick or stone the settlers often moved away to some other locality. Early in January this year he sent a memo, to the Architect-in-Chief asking him to prepare plans and estimates for a weatherboard schoolhouse, which could be easily put up and taken down to be removed and erected in another place. The Government were about to call for tenders for such buildings, and it their expectations were realized he thought one of these would be suitable for their district. He would like to know if they could accommodate a provisional teacher in the meantime. Mr. Leonard said there was some little difficulty about it, but a farmer in the neighbourhood who had a large family was so anxious for their education that he had promised to accommodate a teacher for three months. The Minister said then he would promise that they should at once have a provisional teacher, and he hoped soon to arrange for the erection of one of the weatherboard schoolhouses which were much in use in Victoria, and were roomy and comfortable The deputation thanked the Minister, and withdrew.
April 4. The weather still continues dry, but, spite of the bad seasons hitherto experienced, the farmers here have faith in the producing powers of the land, provided they were blessed with a favourable season, and many of them have commenced sowing already. The wheat grown here last year is generally admitted to have been the best sample on the Peninsula, with the exception of Kilkerran, which produced some equally good.
The papers contain great complaints of the scarcity of water in various parts, but I don't think there are many places worse off in that respect than we are. Teams are travelling at all hours of the night to the township of Koolywurtie, which contains 25 or 26 wells. These are quite dry soon after daylight, so that the unfortunates who from distance or other cause are unable to get there before that time have to wait and draw a few buckets occasionally as it drains in. I have known instances of people being there by 6 o'clock in the morning, and not getting away before 7 or 8 at night. The majority of these wells are private property, and the owners of five or six of the best of them are making a good thing of the drought by selling their surplus water ; but even there, although it has to be paid for, there is the same scramble to get there first, and the rest have to wait.
At a meeting of some of the residents, on Monday, it was resolved to petition the Government for a tank, to be built at, or near, the Post Office. This would be a great boon to the residents, and, no doubt, it will be conceded. Money could not be spent to better purpose than in conserving water in the settled parts of the country, where that absolutely necessary element is as deficient as it is here.
The school here was opened last week with eighteen pupils, and this week there are twenty two. This is not a bad commencement, considering that seedtime has just begun, and many children are wanted at home in consequence. In about two months a considerable increase is expected, and it is hoped by that time the promised school and residence will be erected.
The anniversary services in connection with the Wauraltie Wesleyan Chapel were held on Sunday last. Three sermons were preached by the Rev. T. E. Thomas B. A., to large congregations, and on Monday the usual tea and public meeting took place. The chair was occupied by Mr. W. Brooks, of Port Victoria, and the meeting, which was a crowded one, was a perfect success, the amounts received for tea and collections being sufficient to clear off the debt on the building. During the evening the choir rendered several pieces of music in a very creditable manner, and contributed greatly to the enjoyment of the evening.
Since my last we have had some very changeable weather indeed. Some of the last few days have been like spring and have helped the crops a good deal, so much so that farmers are very sanguine as regards the approaching harvest. It is to be hoped that their hopes will be fully realized this season. The last two seasons have not afforded them a sufficient return for the labour they expended on their terms during the year. They are all deserving of getting good returns this season, as some of them will have to pay for their lands.
On Wednesday last Mr. Burgan, the School Inspector, visited our school. There were 10 children present out of tbe 43 on the roll. He was much pleased with the order and discipline, and told the teacher that he ought to refuse the admission of any more scholars, as the schoolroom was not big enough to hold even those who were present. This will be a pity, as there are several children yet to come. The schoolroom was built to accommodate thirty children only. Some now in attendance come five miles to school. The posts for fencing-in the school property are on the ground, and therefore before very long it will be all fenced, and this will improve tbe property. It la a very pretty building, and quite an ornament to the township.
Sept 25, 1880. As it is your wish that I should furnish you with anything that might happen in this little place from time to time, I thought I would give you a few particulars. Doubtless, most of your readers know this locality and therefore it will not be necessary for me to mention it.
A little more than a week ago our Wesleyan friends gave an entertainment in aid of the new Mission House, Maitland. It comprised singing. recitations, readings, and a lecture from Rev. J. Read on "Queer Folks and where they live." The reciters were Miss Kemp, and Messrs Newbold, Cameron, Harry and Mr. McFarlane a reading.
Our day school is well attended since the opening of the new school-house and residence. On the first morning 19 names were entered in the register, and since that time, a period of two and a half months, this number has been augmented to 47, with an average attendance of, say, 36 daily. On Thursday afternoon Mr. Lamshed, Chairman of Maitland Board of Advice, with four other gentlemen paid a short visit to the school, when there were 38 pupils in attendance. They remarked that the schoolroom was not big enough, and more accommodation was urgently needed, as it was only built to seat 30 children. These gentlemen expressed themselves pleased with the order and discipline. Business is very dull.
Last Sunday and Monday we celebrated our Sunday School anniversary, the Rev J. Read, of Mailtand preaching the sermons. The chapel was filled on each occasion, the afternoon address was on the of "Life of Moses." On Monday there was the usual tea, and in the evening Rev. J. Read gave his lecture "The Dreamer and his Dream" illustrated by about 20 diagrams. The children seemed to enjoy it very much. The report was very satisfactory, showing balance in hand for last year. The trays for the tea were kindly given by the Mesdames Leonard. Total proceeds between £9 and £10.
Our tank is at last finished and the work seems to be well done, and now we hope that sufficient rain will fall, so that it might be filled before the dry season set in.
To-day there was a cricket match between the youths of Port Victoria Day School, and the youths of our Day School. It was played on the ground here; and l was sorry to say that our youths were conquered. The reason they give for losing is they have not been practicing and the c?age was only received at the beginning of this week, but I believe there will be a return match and they will do their upmost to beat their opponents.
Novembers 6. Last night we had a shower of rain, and today it has been like summer.
This week the son of one of our neighbours met with an accident, but I am glad to say he is now recovering, it seems that he had to go into one of the paddocks for the horses and a colt kicked him in the mouth, stunning him for a time and breaking off tne of his front teeth.
Bad rust has made its appearance. In some places it is very bad ; the crop is not worth reaping, and is being cut for hay. The mowing season has commenced, but the crop will be light.
November 20: What remarkable weather we are having lately, sometimes the days are like winter, at others they are oppressive and hot as the days in summer. Last Sunday was a very boisterous day with wind and rain. On Wednesday at three p.m. it threatened for a heavy thunderstorm and it came on between the hours of one and two a.m. It was very terrific, with lightning very vivid, and heavy showers of rain. Since then we have had a very keen wind and it still threatens for rain. This afternoon a little girl of six years of age was bitten by a centipede of over six Inches in length, but it is to be hoped that no poison was left in the blood. From inquiries I learn the girl feels no pain, and the inflammation is nearly all gone.
November 27. Last Tuesday evening we had a visit from the Rev. E. Kelley of Port Wakefield. who gave us a very instructive and delightful lecture on the 'Great Pyramid.' I need hardly sav that our iittle chapel was full. Mr. Kelly at one time had charge of the Circuit, and therefore we were all glad to see him again. After the meeting had been opened with singing and prayer, Mr. John Leonard was voted to the chair. Several anthems were sang by the choir, who are always willing to give their help. Tha usual votes of thanks were passed and the entertainment terminated.
Dec. 10,1880. In sending my first item of news as correspondent I do so with pleasure for we have here a nice little township. I am glad to say we have no public-house and therefore we are generally quiet. We are also within a short distance from our port of export. We have in our township a store, chapel, blacksmith's shop, and a Government School building. Hay harvest here is finished, and the reaper is at work on most of the farms, but I am sorry to say that the wheat is turning out with a very low average; but we hope that the farmers may yet here a fair return for their labour. It must be very disheartening to find that the average is only about 3 or 4 bushels to the acre, or less.
January 22. An opportunity being given to me to take a holiday I took advantage of it, and therefore this is the cause of my silence. As I passed through our township I had the chance of thoroughly viewing it. I was much pleased with my examination. I looked at all the crops from this place that came within view, and I think that the farms, near and surrounding Maitland appeared the best and likely to yield the highest average. I am sorry to say that the crops in this neighbohneighbourhoodood are very light, the grain being more or less shrivelled; The agricultural friends here will be able to use the small grain for seed while they may be able to dispose of the remainder.
There has been a good deal of rain here this summer and the tanks are full and of course this retarded the gathering in of the grain, which would have been reaped some time ago if the rain had not come. I have seen several samples and the majority of them were small. This is to be regretted as the farmers have had not as yet had a return for their labor. I was informed this morning that some of our friends have lost all they brought when they came into the neighborhood, and one said that he has been five years and he has only had 562 bags of wheat to sell in this time. I am afraid the ground is not properly got ready for the seed, as it should be but instead of that the ground is just harrowed over and the seed sown. I think if part of the ground is allowed to rest and that part which is going to be cropped is ploughed deeply and properly perhaps then the yield would be higher.
March 19. In presenting my first items from this place, I do so with pleasure. We are living on Yorke's Peninsula, eighteen miles from Maitland, and about eight miles from Port Victoria, the port for shipping our produce.
There are seven roads meeting at one point, so we can get to all parts of the Peninsula. There is a house at each of five of the corners. We have in our neighbourhood a store, a blacksmith's shop, chapel, school-house and residence. I am informed that the school numbers 46 on the books, but the average attendance has been very low, owing to most of the children suffering from bad eyes. Whooping cough has broken out amongst the children in the adjoining neighbourhood ; but it has not shown itself here as yet.
The farmers about here are getting short of water ; but as the weather lately has been threatening for rain, we hope that their wants will be supplied, and by this means carting will be put and end to.
I am sorry to say that the farmers about here have had a very poor harvest — not sufficient to recompense them for their labours. But they have commenced ploughing, hoping that the coming harvest will be better than the last.
Every now and then we have had a lecture from our minister, the Rev. Jas. Read, but I am sorry to say that he has now left the circuit, and is on his way to England to recruit his health, and he deserves it, for in twenty years' active work he has not had a fortnight's holiday.
March 19,1881. The farmers about here have commenced ploughing in earnest. Some find it a labour as they have been unable to burn their stubble, and to make it a trifle easier they harrow and rake the stubble into heaps, and then burn it. The ground is stiff, and this is annoying. Water is getting scarce amongst our agriculturists, indeed some of them are obliged to cart water for horses and cattle and human consumption. It is to be hoped that rain will soon come, it has been threatening for some time. Hooping cough has made its appearance in the surrounding districts, but we have not had it as yet, have had bad eyes amongst us and indeed there is scarcely a house that escaped, and the consequence has been that the average attendance at our day school is low.
April 23nd 1881. Everything here is very dull. The farmers are getting their land ready for the seed and some few have commenced sowing, but they are wishing for rain. We have had a few light showers but not sufficient to wet the ground. The farmers say a good soaking rain is wanted to be of any use. It is to be hoped that it will soon come as we are getting out of water. It has been threatening all day to-day and indeed for the last few days.
Our school is very low in attendance and we believe if there was a Board of Advice in the district there would be a higher average attendance. But I suppose the parents of scholars will soon be able to spare their children from the work of the farm so that they may again attend schools. Teachers in the country labour under a disadvantage, for sometimes part of a class are kept at home and when they return they find the other part have gone ahead; the teacher has, therefore, to divide the said class into two sections and so has extra work to do and this tells against him at the examination. There are four classes in country schools and the infant class is also in two divisions so in reality he has 6 classes to manage by himself for generally there is not an attendance large enough to warrant assistance in accordance with the rules of the department. I know from expedience that all the teachers on the Peninsula fully recognise the manner in which our inspector acts with us and no teacher will agree with the sentiments expressed in a letter to the "Observer" to the effect that other officer ought to be appointed over the teachers. Let a teacher do all the inspector recommends and he will be encouraged and helped on.
April 23. I have nothing particular to record since my last, for everything in this neighbourhood is very dull. Some of the farmers about here have commenced sowing, but they are undecided whether to keep on or not owing to the rain holding off. Most of us are running short of water, and we shall have to cart. Some, who had no convenience for holding, have had to cart all along.
In consequence of the poor crop the children are kept home, and in some instances there are some at home who have nothing to do. It would be well if a Board of Advice was established, as then would be three schools under its jurisdiction. There has been a very low average at the school here, but it is hoped the parents will more than ever they have before realize what the advantages of education are.
The elections passed away quietly, those that were on the roll exercising their vota. Twenty-two voted for the House of Assembly and sixteen for the Legislative Council. It is a great advantage that electors can now vote at Port Victoria ; before they had either to go to Maitland or Minlaton.
For several days past it has been threatening for rain and the sky has been cloudy and to night we have bad a beautiful downpour which lasted several hours. This will be a blessing to our farmers for they have sadly wanted rain, and were hesitating whether to go on sowing on account of no rain coming, for fear that the seed they might sow would not germinate; but I suppose now that they will exert every effort to get it in.
May 6, 1881. It is now raining, and has been continuously for several hours, at which we rejoice. We thought it hard that other districts should have it while we were left in the cold ; but our patience is rewarded, and now tilling it will be pushed on with diligence, so that the seed may receive moisture. It has been very dry here this season, and the rains are later this year than last, for they fell in April hist year.
May 20. On Sunday and Monday last, May 15 and 16, the Wesleyans celebrated their chapel anniversary. On Sunday two impressive sermons were preached by the Superintendent of the Circuit, Rev. T. M. Rowe, to large congregations. On the Monday a tea meeting was held. The trays, which were given by Mesdames Leonard and Duthie, were got up in first-class style. There were not so many present this year as on the last occasion, and this falling off was owing to the busy season. After the tea a public meeting was held, presided over by the Rev. Mr. Rowe. The Treasurer gave a financial report, which showed that at the beginning of the year there was a balance in hand after paying all expenses. During this year, besides current expenses, a substantial fence had been placed round the property. The result of this anniversary has been that all expenses have been paid, and a small balance in hand for the current year. The Rev. Mr. Blacket. of Minlaton Circuit, and Mr. Harry, of this township, gave addresses, the former being upon the rise and progress of Methodism. Mr. Macfarlane, of Mount Rat, again favoured us with one of his well delivered recitations. I mast not forget that our local choir again favoured us with some anthems during the evening, and these were given in their usual style, and called forth from their audience applause, and at the end of the meeting a vote of thanks.
July 8, Nothing very unusual has occurred since my last. We have been blessed with some splendid showers of rain which has completely saturated the land, and of course made our roads almost impassable, but we can endure this when we consider the good the rain has done. Our tanks are full.
Lately our famers have been deprived of some dairy produce, such as bacon, but thinking perhaps it might have been taken by dogs no notice particularly was taken of these losses. But on Tuesday morning last about two o'clock one of our farmers having occasion to light his lamp to give one of his children a drink, heard footsteps near his house followed immediately by three distinct whistles. There was then a great running and evidently a consultation were held in the road close by, as more than one voice was heard. It would be advisable for a Trooper to pay us a visit now and then as perhaps it would intimidate those who act in this way. Watch has been kept since the loss of bacon, but the watchers would never think that such a thing would be tried on a moonlight night.
Mr. Page the contractor for making a piece of road through our little place is proceeding satisfactorily with his work.
Since my last our Day School has been examined for results. From information received the school was opened in June, 1880, thus it had opened a few days over the year when it was examined. There are 51 on the Register and 39 on the Roll Book. Thirty were examined, divided as follows : - Juniors. 15. First Class, 3; Second Class, 7; third Class, 5; Oat of these there were 15 promoted-viz, 7 out of Juniors, 2 out of 1st, 4 out of 2nd, 2 out of 3rd. Percentage gained 61, 66, 15 marks allowed for discipline and 7 for drill. Discipline good and needle work satisfactory. This we consider satisfactory as It was the first time the children were examined and some of them had not received more than 6 months tuition, and the average monthly attendance since the beginning of this year has not been more than 14.0. This number consisted principally of Juniors. We sincerely trust that the parents of the scholars, will send them for the future regularly so that great improvement might be made in the future.
The above clubs met for the first time this season on Saturday 10th inst. on the Curramulka ground. The Captain of the Curramulkas winning the toss decided to and accordingly Twelftree and S. bat, Goldsworthy opposed the bowling of Hardy and Crocker. The batsmen soon warmed to their work and the score advanced rapidly, taking into consideration the rough state of the wickets, as several balls bounced clean over the striker's head. Goldsworthy was the first to leave after scoring 13 in good style. A. Williams next partnered Twelftree and the score quickly increased, the new comer hitting out with good effect 3 and 4 coming in quick succession. Twelftree was at length bowled by Crocker for a well made 22. W. Williams, of whom much was expected, then wended his way to the crease, but playing very tamely at one of Crocker's cover point effected a catch. W. Norman then became A. Williams vis a vis and began with good effect. Williams was then disposed of by a good ball from Hardy, for a capital innings of 21, his timing of the bowling was good. T. Winter filled the vacant crease and immediately began scoring, both batsmen playing first rate cricket. Norman succumbed to one of Crocker's for an excellent 20. C. Barnett was quickly disposed of. J. Giles, the Captain, filled the vacancy, but was out just in time to see Winter's downfall after putting 22 to his credit. D. McLeod then accompanied his skipper who retired after making 6. Johnson the last man, was quickly bowled McLeod remaining not out 3. The innings closed for 121 runs. The opponents then took the wicketB, Crocker and G. Twelftree going in to the bowling of Giles and S. Goldsworthy ; runs came very slowly. Twelftree retired for 1 bowled by a beauty from Giles. Thorp came in and played steady for 7 when Twelftree effected a separation by a clever catch at point off Giles. J. Marshall retired without scoring, W. Hardy, the Captain next endeavoured to stem the tide of ill-luck and played carefully for 5 runs when he played one from Giles, J. Tomney, II, was the only batsman who reached double figures. The innings closed for 54 runs, there being no less than 15 sundries owing no doubt to a great extent to the very rough condition of the ground, as the ball would at times bounce high over long stop's head. The Warualtee team being over 60 runs behind had to follow on, and played with better effect, J. Marshall making IS not out by stubborn defence, J. Tomney 10 and W, Hillier were the top scores; the total being 70 runs 13 of which were sundries. D. McLeod, the not out man. and W. Williams r were sent to the wickets to obtain the 4 runs required to win, which they did without the fall of a wicket, Williams securing 7 runs in the over. Curramulka thus won the match with 10 wicket to fall. J. Giles was the most successful bowler for the victors he bowled 105 balls, 32 runs and 9 wickets S. Goldsworthy coming next 106 balls 29 run and 6 wickets. The following are the scores :— | CURRAMULKA—1st innings, Twelftree b Crocker, 22 ; Goldsworthy b Crocker, 13; Williams b Hardy, 21; VV. Williams c Twelftree, b Crocker, 0; not out 7. Norman b Crocker Winter b Tonmey, 22; Giles (Captain) b Tomney, 0 ; Burnett h Crocker, 1 ; McLeod not out, 3; not out 0. Johnson b Crocker, 0; sundries 13; sundries 1. Total 121 with ten wickets to fall ; total 8. WAURALTEE — Umpire Mr. T. Hillier—Crocker b Giles, 6; b Barnett 7. Twefltree b (riles, 1; and c b Barnett 6. Thorp, c Twelftee, b Giles, 7 b Giles 7. Marshall b Goldwortby, 0; not out 18. Hardy (Captain) b Giles, 5; b Giles 0. M. Tomney run out, 6 c Giles b Barnett 0. J. Tomney b Goldsworthy, 11; C. Twelftree b Goldsworthy, 8. W. Crocker Twelftree, b Goldsworthy, 0 ; C. Twelftree b Goldsworthy, 3. F. Tomney b Giles, 1; b Williams 10. Hillier b Goldsworthy, 1 ; b Giles, 0. Coulter not out, 1; b Giles. 9. Sundries 15 ; sundries, 13. Total 54; total 70.
Dec. 10.—Several of our farmers have commenced reaping, and bright hopes are entertained by them this year's crops will realise a far better average than last year. Having seen most of the paddocks of wheat, I can certify to this, although of course in some places it is thin. There has been no rust to hurt Black rust has shown itself and did a little damage. The majority of the wheat stalks are short, but I believe, the heads are fairly filled out. Rain has been very scarce and the tanks are getting low, but it is to to hoped that enough has been collected to last the farmers through the harvest, if not a great loss of time will occur if water to carted.
Last Sunday and Monday the Anniversary services of the Sunday School were celebrated. Mr. B. Cornish of Maitland, preached two very impressive sermons to large congregations. In the afternoon Mr. Andrews, of Angaston, gave an address the children. On Monday there was the usual tea. A large number of people met together to partake of the good things provided after the little ones ones had satisfied themselves. A public meeting followed, presided over by Mr Wm, Bowie, who opened the business of the meeting by a few prefatory remarks and calling upon the Secretary to read the report which dealt with the finances of the school and spoke of the great want that existed fur Sunday school teachers. Rev. T. M. Howe Superintendent of the circuit, and Mr. Andrews of Angaston gave stirring address and after the usual vote of thanks had been proposed and seconded the meeting was closed in the usual way.
Feb. 25 Nothing much transpires here which is worth recalling but I thought ere this I should have had the pleasure to inform you that we had been blessed with the fruitful showers of rain, but I am sorry to say that we have not had it as yet, what we are to do I know not. I might almost truly say that everybody is carting water. I hear that there is no knowing how long the springs at Mount Rat will hold out, but it is to be hoped they may till the welcome rain comes. A tremendous downpour will be acceptable.
I am sorry to say that last year's average was very low not exceeding 3.5 bushels to the acre. We cannot wonder our farmers are downhearted when we take into consideration that for the successive seasons that they have had poor crops and even taking the next hundred's average will not be more than 4 bushels.
March 29. I am happy to inform your readers that we have had some nice showers of rain since Sunday last. It commenced on Monday evening last about 6 p.m. It has been much required as we have had none since last Oct. Our little place has been quite busy on account of the teams passing, going to the Mount Rat Wells for water. These wells have been private property, but I hear that the Government have lately purchased seven out of the number that are there. I understand by one of our agricultural friends, who has been going there every day for water, that he has seen as many as eleven teams waiting for their tanks with the precious fluid. I hope we shall have such a downpour that it will not be necessary for our farmers to leave their ploughs to go water carting.
April 2lst—We have at last the pleasure to inform you that last night at 5.30 p.m. it began to rain and continued with a slight intermission till noon to-day. We hope this is the break up of the dry season. There was not enough to runs so that dams and tanks might get full, but it is to be hoped that there is more to follow. Several farmers are waiting for rain before they begin to sow. Of course till the dams &c are full, water carting will still be the order of the day, several teams have had to stop at the wells all night to get their tanks filled.
Last week, we had a splendid rain, wnicn was very acceptable, as the Government tank was getting low, and fears were entertained that we should again be short of water. I am glad to say the tank is now nearly half-full.
Most people about here have finished haymaking, and the wheat generally is looking well, though there will be no very heavy crops. Harvest is likely to be earlier this year than last, as many of the paddocks are looking quite yellow, and reaping will commence in about ten days or a fortnight.
The new Wesleyan Church is now nearly finished, and it is expected it will be opened for Divine service on the 26th instant. An entertainment took place in the building last evening by the scholars of the day-school (assisted by some friends), when a number of recitations were given by the children; and from the manner in which they were rendered it was evident that a great deal of pains had been taken with them by their teacher, Mr. Peverell. At the close a collection was made, in order to procure funds to provide prizes for the scholars.
Services in connection with the opening of the new Wesleyan church were held last Sunday, when sermons were preached afternoon and evening by the Rev. J. Allen, of Brompton. On both occasions the place was well filled. On the Monday following the usual tea and public meetings were held. At the latter Mr. J. C. Leonard presided, and addresses were delivered by the Revs. J. Read and Allen, Messrs. J. Norman, Biares, and Albanus. During the evening the choir gave some nice selections from the 'Songs of the Gospel.' At the close a collection was made which was satisfactory. The Church is a substantial stone building, 23 x 35 and 14 feet high, plastered and ceiled. Some of the galvanized iron from the old building has been used for the roof, which has been a great saving, nearly all the settlers around have been helping, some giving lime, others carting sand, raising stone, &c, so that no labour has had to be paid for with the exception of mason and carpenter. It mast be very gratifying to the trustees to find, after having built so nice a place of worship that they are only £50 in debt, that being the total liability after paying all debts in connection with the Church.
Most people are busy with the harvest, and the crops are generally turning out as well as it was expected, especially the mullenized, although in some cases the black rust has taken a quantity, which will cake the average much less where that has happened.
July 28. After some sharp frosty nights and fine days we have again been favoured with some nice rain, which no doubt will do a great deal of good. The crops are generally looking well, and the farmers are in hopes that the coming Harvest will be better than the past.
The Mutual Improvement Association, which has been in existence for twelve months, has been quite a success. At the commencement of the year there were ten or twelve members, but it now numbers fifty-seven members. The programme generally consists of readings, recitations, essays, and songs. Some very creditable attempts have been made in writing essays, and a great improvement is seen in many members. As the new Institute building will be shortly commenced the members will soon have better accommodation. The first box of books from the parent Institute has arrived. This will be a a great boon to the young people of this place as the winter evenings are long.
The whole of last week was a time of much depression ; thunder storms for several consecutive nights. Last Sunday evening, a warm bright day, terminated in a terrific thunderstorm. About eight, the flashes of lightning were so vivid and quick in succession that the night was rendered almost like day for moments together. A peal of thunder succeeded, and a brighter flash shook the whole place. It is stated to be the heaviest shock felt by some of the older residents during their sojourn on the Peninsula. This peal was immediately followed by a shower of hailstone about the size of sea pebbles, which lasted for about twenty minutes. Consequent upon the heated state of the surface the stones immediately became liquid, and thereby rendered the flat one immense sheet of water. There was not so much damage experienced to the crops as was anticipated. Farmers are in high expectancy of a very fair return. Some purpose commencing to reap this week around here.
I am informed that we are to be enlivened with a "marriage" in this locality in a few days. If true, we are honored by a Victorian coming amongst us to seek a wife. All hail ! South Australia.
Mr. Burgan has visited the local school ; results very satisfactory. Only two failed to be promoted. Two tried for, and obtained certificates.
January 19. Most of the farmers have now finished reaping, and the crops generally have turned out quite equal to expectation, the mullenized scrub land especially being very good, producing from 10 to 25 bushels per acre, and the open land from 6 to 10 bushels. This is a much better result than has been obtained for some years, and will produce a better average than was at first expected.
Last Sunday was fearfully hot, the feathered tribe especially suffering from the effects of the heat. More than thirty shell parrots were taken out of one tank, and from another twenty-two small birds, mostly larks.
Reaping completed. Returns in advance of expectations in the majority of instances. If price of grain would only rise to a payable sum, it would brighten Peninsula prospects. A party departed from here yesterday for Victoria. As they have preferred a private conveyance they will be better located for reconnoitring. There is a tract of mallee country being disposed of in the north-western portion of that colony, which as its soil surpasses this district. It is a temptation to a colonial to tackle a block or so across the border.—I regret to say that the contemplated Institute has not yet reached beyond the carting of a portion of the material. Doubtless some expressment will be imbibed at the close of the coming busy season, when the erection is to take place. It will be a grand addition to the quiet "village appearance" now worn at this place.—The Mutual Improvement Association, now in existence for nearly two years, still keeps the monotony of "way evening alike" away. Books belonging to the intended Institute being on hand, presents the lovers of literature with a good advantage of satiety. They are exchanged on "Mutual" evenings to meet the convenience of the public.
A pleasant change has been experienced here in the form of a beautiful rain. It rained a good portion of Friday, in addition to heavy thundershowers on Thursday. This desired boon will accelerate the plough trains to a considerable extent Judging by atmospheric phenomena it has not all passed yet.—A change has taken place in the local school. Mr. Peverell has been transferred to a new school near Maitland, a very promising one, too, I am informed. Mrs. Jervis from Adelaide side, has taken up her abode with us. The numbers here are not up to expectation. This school is gradually decreasing, consequent upon fewer juniors coming to fill the place of completed seniors. We can hear and read of great changes having taken place in other parts of this and the other colonies, but we fear judging from recent exhibitions of ignorant minds that we are greatly in need of an itinerant renovator coming amongst us for a time.
April. 26. Services in connection with the Wauraltee Sabbath-school were held on Sunday, April 20, when sermons were preached by Mr. Sampson in the morning and by the new minister, Mr. Gillingham, in the afternoon and evening. The services in the morning were but poorly attended on account of the funeral of the late Mr. Wedd, an old and much-respected resident of the district. On the Monday following the children were taken to the sea-beach, where they were regaled with fruit, &c, returning in time for the tea meeting in the afternoon. There were not quite so many visitors as usual to the tea, but the public meeting afterwards was well attended. Mr. James Leonard occupied the chair, and speeches were delivered by the Rev. Mr. Gillingham, Messrs. Illman, sen., W. Bowey, and Albanus. During the evening the children sang several selections from 'Songs and Solos' very nicely. The total receipts were £8 10s.
The much-desired rain has at last come, though not so abundantly as wished. Many tanks were empty, and the rainfall was not heavy enough to make the water run in to any great extent. All the farmers are now busy seeding, and some have quantities of wheat sown, part of which has come up, and had begun to turn yellow previous to the rain.
We have had some glorious weather. Farming community in high glee. Some have been holding back for the break of the season, others have pushed on regardless of the lengthy period of no heavy rainfall, and have now about completed their tilling operations.—Last Sunday one of our oldest colonists, Mr George Wedd, senior, was conveyed to his last earthly resting place. He expired after a long and painful illness, extending over several years, yesterday morning week. He will be greatly deplored for sometime still to come, as he was respected by all who new him. — The local Sabbath School Anniversary Services were conducted last Sunday morning by Mr Samson and the Rev Mr Gillingham who addressed the school in the afternoon, and distribute the prize awards to the scholars. In the evening a very eloquent sermon was delivered by Mr Gillingham to a full and appreciative congregation. The absence of the moon rather marred Monday evening's result. Perchance, a moonlight night may be preferred another year by interested.
July 26.—The weather continues cold with occasional frosts. Crops are not growing very rapidly, and feed for pasture is still a felt want.—At last! our Institute is commenced. Tenders having been accepted, the masons pitched their camp early in the week. I have not heard who is to have the honor of laying the foundation stone ; but, daresay, it can be purchased by any respectable vendor for a £5 donation. The work is being carried on under the direct and vigilant supervision of J. C. Leonard Esq., J.P. Mr. Leonard has laid the foundation work for a new store—a quantity of stones etc., which will be an ornament of a superior class to the present store, which is mainly constructed of iron. Gossip winders that this structure was not superseded at a prior period ; for there is a good trade to be done at Wauraltee, which, no doubt, will be better realised through the medium of the new store. Rumor states that some Adelaide gentleman (M.P.) is to be invited to perform the opening ceremony.—As an accomplished pianist is now located in our midst, no doubt music will form a more prominent part of future gatherings than of former. By-the-bye, it seems not improbable that our township and suburbs will be renowned for musical talent, as music learning is a mania here just now, —The local I.O.R. have lost an efficient helper in the departure of their secretary, who has gone to town to complete his literary subjects.
The annual general meeting of the subscribers to the Wauraltee Institute was held on the 12th inst. The president, Mr. J. C. Leonard in the chair ; also a moderate attendance of subscribers. After the meeting had been formally opened, the chairman called upon the secretary (Mr. F. T. Pearce) to read the report and balance-sheet. The report stated that tenders had been accepted for building the institute, and that estimates for roofing had been received and considered by the committee. The report concluded by urging upon the subscribers the necessity for them to strive to obtain donations towards the institute either in money or labor. The balance-sheet showed the receipts from all sources to be £113 6s 4d, and the expenditure £56 17s 5d, having a balance in hand of £56 8s 9d. After the adoption of the report and balance-sheet the election of officers was proceeded with. Mr. J C Leonard was re-elected president, Mr W W Hardy vice-president, Mr J C Leonard treasurer, and Mr F T Pearce secretary ; Messrs Joseph Duthie, John Illman, R G Newbold, R Wedd, and James Brown were appointed a committee; Messrs G Illman and James Leonard auditors. After a little routine business had been transacted, the meeting adjourned.—Business is dull, with the exception of the building trade, which seems to be flourishing.
On Sunday and Monday the 2lst and 22nd inst.. the anniversary services of the Wauraltee Wesleyan Chapel were held. On Sunday three excellent sermons were preached by the Rev. W A Langsford, of Maitland, to large attentive congregations. On Monday a very successful tea meeting was held. In the evening the public meeting was presided over by Mr G Illman, who in his opening remarks congratulated the members upon the progress the Church had made during the past year, and upon the very successful tea meeting held that day, observing that it was the largest gathering of the kind held in Wauraltee. Excellent addresses were then given by the Revs. Gillingham pastor of the circuit, W. A. Langsford and Tremaine, Messrs Barnes and Albanus. Votes of thanks were accorded to the ladies for providing the tea, to the Rev W A Langsford for preaching the anniversary sermons, and to the choir for the excellent manner in which they rendered some choice selections of music. The amount taken on the two days exceeded £14 .— Our Institute is approaching completion and the committee hope to open it in November next. The members for the district (Messrs Beaglehole and Caldwell) have promised to attend the opening ceremony if the time fixed does not interfere with their parliamentary duties.— Rain is badly wanted, the crops after the hot winds look somewhat dicky.— A number of farmers are leaving for Victoria, having taken land in that colony in what is known as the 'Mallee Fringe". Surely our Government are doing an unwise thing in letting desirable colonists such as these are leave the province They one and all agree that the Land Laws of Victoria are far more liberal than the land laws of this colony. We every year spend a good pound some on immigration, and the value we receive is very little. But bona fide farmers are far more desirable colonists than the refuse of the large cities of Great Britain and Ireland. And if the Government were studying the welfare of the colony they would make the lands so that those who embark in farming would be able to earn as much at least as the men they employ. As a matter of fact at present they do not.
September 27. After a continuance of dry weather we have at last been favoured with a splendid rain, which was much needed, as some of the tanks were getting very low and the crops were suffering for want of water, but they are already looking better, and the late wheat will be greatly benefited.
The Institute Building has been progressing very satisfactorily until lately, the woodwork of the roof being all finished and ready for the iron, which would have been on before this time had not the rough weather prevented the builders from proceeding. This building, with the new store which has lately been erected will be a great improvement to the township.
The anniversary services of the Wesleyan Church were held last Sunday, when three sermons were preached by the. Rev. W. Langsford to large and appreciative congregations. On the following Monday the usual tea and public meetings were held. Mr. G. Illman presided over the latter, and addresses were given by the Revs. Gillingham and Langsford, and Messrs. Trewren, Albanus, and Barnes. Collections, &c., were satisfactory, and the trustees will be in a position to pay £20 off the debt on the Church, after which the liabilities will be only about £30.
October 21. —Shearing is drawing to a close. The clip will not be a heavy one. The reason is not easy to discover, for feed is, and has been very good, although I am just afraid that some of our squatters (?) will overdo the thing. They seem to forget that the land on the Peninsula is not like the rich pastures of the south. I think two and a half acres little enough to keep a sheep on for a whole year. It you can run them on the roads, and in your neighbors paddocks, it makes a difference. —Great dissatisfaction is felt at the Government proposal to lease the Commonage Lands in this and other hundreds. In this hundred the commonage is the sandhills on the west side of the hundred. I feel sure that the annual rental will be very little more, if any, than the amount the Government now get for licences. Since Mr Coles has been Commissioner he has certainly not been idle. Better for many if he had not been so active. I think he is more zealous than discreet. At any rate if the South Australian Government are going to keep up their population, they will have to increase their immigration or else stop emigration. From this one part within a radius of six miles from the Town of Wauraltee about 30 souls are leaving for Victoria, because the Land Laws are more liberal in that colony.
Hay making has commenced, but will not be general for another week. The crops will be light. The weather, that ever convenient topic - is all that could be desired. I notice our local Boniface has a 'sheaving machine at work. This is the first one in the district, as far as I know. But when their merits are fully recognised, they will be greatly sought after, for as a labor saving machine they are a 1.
The residents of the small yet growing township of Waureltee, which is situated about I8 miles south of Maitland, and three miles west of Mount Rat, on Yorke's Peninsula, may well feel proud of the success that attended the opening ceremony of their Institute, and Wednesday, December 3, 1884, will long be remembered as a red letter day for them. The weather was cool and pleasant, and owing to the day being wisely fixed bet ween the hay and wheat harvest, the farmers not being over busy, there was a very large crowd present, who all seemed determined to spend a jolly day together. The Institute is built in a central position, and just at the corner where six roads meet, and has a very commanding appearance, and is finished in the best and most complete style. The hall has been erected at present with a very neat porch ; it is intended to add the usual Reading and Library rooms at the rear of the building. The stage will, for the time, serve that purpose. The hall in its present complete and nicely finished state has cost about £520; the architect, on whom reflects the greatest credit, was Mr J. C. Leonard. The masonry was carried out by Mr Wishard, of Yorketown, and the carpentering & c., by Russell, Reid and Dickson, of Port Adelaide, all of whom appear to hare carried out their work satisfactorily. The size of the hall is 36 by 26. The total amount of subscriptions received, exclusive of the day's takings, was £257 12s, which, with the Government subsidy, opened the building free of debt, and plainly demonstrates what can be dene where unity, energy, and a determination to pull together exists. This fact should inspire some of their neighboring townships, who have been struggling for a long time to get an Institute, to follow the Wauraltee people, and do likewise. Mr W. H. Hussey, of Maitland, was invited, and ably performed the opening ceremony before about 300 persons. The President having introduced Mr Hussey then handed him the key, and asked him to kindly declare the building open.
where they could all meet in a room of their own for mutual benefit. He further hoped that the Institute would be the means of linking together in closer friendship and harmony, all in that township and district. (Applause). And that the narrow minded jealousies and petty rivalries might give place to some thing more noble He trusted, now that they had built the Institute, they would make good use of it-keep their library well stocked with the best of literature, and their tables well supplied with the leading papers, periodicals &c. of the day, try and establish societies for mutual benefit, have occasional lectures, and, in fact, keep the advantages arid privileges of the Institute constancy before the eyes of the people. He was glad they had had such financial success, and considered no Government money more wisely spent than that in subsidising money raised for Institutes, especially in these outlying country districts. He concluded by wishing the Wauraltee Institute great prosperity, and trusting that the influence it would have upon that township and disirict, would be for good. He then declared the Institute open, and called for three cheers for the Queen.
the programme, in a highly successful manner, while the Curmmulka Christy Minstrel troupe carried out the second part, not only in a successful, hut in a mirth provoking manner, and sent everyone home in a happy frame of mind. Special words of praise are due to Mr Leonard (the President), and Mr P. T. Pearce (the energetic and able Secretary) and the committee, who worked very hard to make everything go off successfully.
December 4. Yesterday will be long remembered in our quiet township, as the new Institute" was then formally opened by Mr. Hussey, of Maitland. There was a large gathering, and as the committee had provided sports, the place looked quite lively. About 3 o'clock the building was opened, when about 150 sat down to a cold collation, very nicely got up. Afterwards the sports were again resumed. In the evening there was a large assembly in the building, which is 26 feet by 46 feet, there not being standing room. The chair was taken by Mr. J. C. Leonard, who stated that the total cost of the building was £520. Subscriptions had been received, including proceeds of late bazaar, amounting to £257 I2s. 6d., leaving an apparent debt of £263, but no subsidy had yet been received from Government, which, when available, with subscriptions promised, he thought would free the building from debt. The entertainment commenced with an overture on the piano by Miss Humberstone, followed by songs by Messrs. Clucas and J. McLeod. Messrs. Hussey, Ponder, Barnes, and Kemp gave recitations. A duet by Mrs. and Miss Humberstone was appreciated, as were also two songs by Miss Hincks. After a short interval the Curramulka Christy Minstrels gave an entertainment, in which there was some very good singing and amusing jokes. The proceeds of the day amounted to £33.
Feb 2nd,—Reaping is about over now and if ever a set of men were down on their luck the farmers hereabouts are. Your Minlaton correspondent recently gave the probable yield for this hundred at 15 bushels. This raised the hopes of some, but others knew better than build upon such a hope. It seems a pity that anyone should make such an egregious blunder, at no season of the year did the crops promise much more than half. And now I fancy six or seven bushels would be nearer the mark : I know the hundred pretty well, have seen more, than half of it myself; I have conversed with a good many farmers, and they all agree that eight bushels will not be reached, it is true a good deal has been lost through the high winds and the rain, but a bushel looks a good deal when spread over an acre of ground. Poor wapstraw, he has much to contend with. He works hard and lives hard, his heaviest work coming in depth of winter, and the height of summer. Harassed by land laws, that are by many thought to be too liberal, and by regulations that override the acts. Paying as much for machinery and labor as when wheat was 6s and 7s per bushel, and crops were good; little wonder that be is cast down, little wonder that many are leaving the Peninsula, where they have known little but toil and trouble. — Tomorrow a young man, his wife, and three children leave for Victoria. Next week two families more leave for the same place, and several have left. From this quarter alone seven or eight families have left, or are leaving for Victoria. There will be no less than 36 to 40, young and old. Perhaps when too late the Government will see the error of their ways.
February 10. Reaping is now finished, and most of the wheat has been carted to market. The crops over the greater part of the hundred have been very poor. This combined with the low price of wheat, has depressed farmers. Residents are continually leaving for Victoria, and this hardly bears out Mr. Miller's statement at Knill lately, to the effect that the land Iaws of South Australia were not only liberal enough to retain the population but to attract immigrants. — A large fire was raging in the scrub to the eastward of Mount Rat last Tuesday, doing much damage. It was caused through carelessness in burning scrub, no furrow being ploughed round the fire. The fire swept across the scrub lands held by Mr. Pearce, doing a great deal of mischief, and then got into Mr. Gregor's stubble, in the midst of which were two large wheat heaps, containing about 600 bags, However, by working with a will and favored with a change of wind, the fire-beaters managed to get the flames under.
On Thursday evening, April 2nd, a meeting of the subscribers to the Wauraltee Institute was held to elect two trustees, in place of Messrs Hardy and Thorpe, who are leaving the district. Messrs J. C. Leonard and G Cameron were duly elected. Afterwards a selection of books was made to be added to the Library,—A Mutual Improvement Society has been formed in connection with the Institute, and at the next meeting a debate is to take place, the subject being Protection v Free Trade.—Nice showers of rain have fallen—sufficient to cause the grass to grow, but not sufficient to make the water run.—Sowing has been earned forward by many on the scrub land.
May 25. The election passed off very quietly. — Nice rains have fallen, but in many cases they have not put a stop to water-carting. The prospects of the season are regarded as favorable. — If emigration from here goes on at the same rate as it has during the last eight or ten months but few farmers or tradesmen will be left in the hundred. Most glowing accounts have been received from the modern Goshen, to which all our colonists are journeying, and Victoria way well feel proud of her new arrivals. If they were a lot of paupers it might not be such a serious matter, but every farmer who has left this part has taken from £100 to £1,000 with him, besides cattle and implements.
June 5—Very nice rains have fallen doing an immense amount of good. People are wondering when the winter will set in, thus far the season has been exceptionally dry, it has however enabled the farmer to get his seeding operations well forward.— Much satisfaction is expressed at the downfall of the Colton Ministry, although the means used may have been the meanest under heaven.—Naturally we are very glad that our Institute is complete and paid for, before the subsidy question cropped up.
July 13.—On Monday evening last, between 130 and 140 persons assembled at the Institute to bid farewell to Mr and Mrs W. H. Hardy, and to present Mrs Hardy with an album. The President, Mr J C Leonard, in making the presentation, said he was very sorry that Mr and Mrs Hardy were leaving the colony, but as they hoped to better themselves they were quite right to do so. A few of Mrs Hardy's friends were determined to give her some token to mark their appreciation of her perseverance and industry in in connection with the Institute of which she was prime mover. The institute had decided to present her with a handsome album and one of Dr. Scotfa electric hairbrushes. Mr Pearce said he could fully endorse all the president had said as to the energy Mr and Mrs Hardy had shown in connection with the erection of the Institute. From first to last their house had been at the disposal of the committee, their loss would be greatly felt. Mr Hardy briefly replied, observing that he had only done that which was a pleasure to him. Dancing and other amusement filled up the evening.
July 10. The rain this season has come very steadily and some of the tanks are not yet full, but we have had some beautiful showers lately, which will be very advantageous to the late crops, though the cold nights we have experienced with sharp frost.are preventing a very rapid growth.
The exodus to Victoria is still going on from the district. Two families with their teams, &c., left this week, and others are going to look for land. A large gathering of friends met in the Institute on Monday last to bid farewell to Mr. and Mrs. Hardy, who have been residing here for the last seven years, and are now leaving for Victoria. There were about 120 at the meeting. Music, songs, recitations, and dancing were the order of the evening, which passed off very pleasantly. A very nice album was to have been presented to Mrs. Hardy on the occasion, but unfortunately it did not arrive in time for that evening. Mrs. Hardy has taken a prominent part in advancing the interests of the Institute.
July 21. The annual meeting of subscribers to the institute was held last night, when there was a good attendance, the president, Mr. J. C. Leonard, occupying the chair. The report showed that the building was opened in December last, that the nucleus of a library had been formed by the purchase of over twenty volumes, and that the rates of subscriptions had been reduced. The balance-sheet showed receipts from all sources (including £56 Ss. 9d. balance from last year) to be £452 8s. 8d., and expenditure £419 4s. 5d., leaving a balance of £33 4s. 3d. The balance-sheet and auditors' report were adopted. The election of officers resulted as follows: — Mr. J. C. Leonard, president, Mr. R. Hussey as vice-president, Mr. B. W. Newbold as treasurer, Mr. Francis Pearce as secretary ; committee — Messrs. G. Cameron ; Wm. Leonard, and J. C. Twelftree ; auditors, Messrs. Jas. Leonard and R. Wedd ; librarian, Mr. James Duthie.
July 27.—The annual meeting of subscribers to our Institute took place on the 20 th inst. There was a good attendance of members, the president, Mr. J. C. Leonard occupied the chair. The minutes of the last annual meeting having been read, the secretary read the report. From this it appeared that the building was free of debt, that the nucleus of a library had been formed by the purchase of twenty volumes, that the rate of subscription has been reduced and that the committee had held during the year twenty meetings, at which the president and secretary had always attended. The report concluded by urging upon all the members to use their utmost endeavors to induce others to become subscribers and thus increase the usefulness of the Institute. The balancesheet showed the receipts for the year to be including balance from last audit of £56 8s 9d) £452 8s 8d., expenditure £419 4s 5d., leaving a balance in hand of £33 4s 3d. The balance sheet and auditors report were adopted, the members expressing satisfaction at the very favorable state of the finances. Votes of thanks were accorded to the retiring officers. Officers for the ensuing year were then elected. President, Mr J. C. Leonard; vice president, Mr R. Hussey; treasurer, Mr B. W. Newbold; secretary, Mr F. T. Pearce: librarian, Mr James Duthie; committee, Messrs Gr. Cameron, W. Leonard and C. Twelftree; auditors, James Leonard and Robert Wedd.—It was resolved to appoint a secretary to take the minutes of the Mutual Improvement Association. Mr Pearce was elected. The following resolutions were agreed to viz:—That a book-case to be procured for protecting the books. That £5 be expanded in the purchase of books and that the committee have authority to spend monies to the amount of £10. A proposition was submitted that bagatelle table be purchased. After a lively discussion, a vote was taken which resulted in a tie. The chairman gave his vote against the proposition. A proposition to purchase a piano was also lost. After the minutes had been confirmed the meeting closed.
September 14.—The usual meeting of the Mutual Improvement Association was held on Thursday evening. There was a very fair attendance of members, and the President occupied the chair. The proceedings commenced by Mr. B. Newbold, who gave a discourse upon "The cause of the present depression." The speaker said that several causes might combine to cause the present depression. The farmer said it was on account of the low price of wheat ; the laborer said it was owing to the low wages and the high prices of the necessaries of life, but he thought the true cause was to be found in the bad land legislation and land speculation. He was a devout disciple of Henry George, and when the principles advocated by George were adopted then he believed the depression would pass away. Messrs Anderson, Cameron, Pearce, and Tommy having spoken, Mr. Newbold replied. Messrs Wear and Smith contributed two songs, and the meeting was brought to a close by singing the National Anthem.— Nice showers of rain have fallen, putting new life into the wheat plant, thereby causing poor Wapstraw to rejoice.— Tea and public meetings were held in the Wesleyan church on Monday last. On Sunday, the Rev. A. D. Bennett, the junior minister of the circuit preached the anniversary sermons to very fair congregations. At the public meeting on Monday, there was a large, though not crowded, attendance. The chair was occupied by Mr. Barr, the chief steward of the circuit. In opening the proceedings, the chairman expressed the pleasure he felt in being present, and having given a few broad hints upon liberality, he called upon the treasurer to read his report, from whose statements it appeared that the liability was under £40, £30 being a mortgage on the building, the balance being for repairs etc. Mr. Broadbent then addressed the meeting, dwelling upon the importance of an early consecration to Christ, and giving his experience of the Lord's watchfulness over his people. The Revs. Bennett and Gillingham followed, the former spoke very forcibly upon "Some of the hindrances to the development of christian character." The latter chose as the subject of his address "Some of the wants of the times," and in detailing some of the wants he said more thought, unity, liberality, and the line of demarkation was wanted to be more clearly defined between the Lord's people and the worldlings. Mr. G. Illman then moved votes of thanks to all who had assisted, which was seconded by Mr. B. Newbold.
September 19. Rain is anxiously looked for on account of both crops and tanks. Though we had a nice rain last week, which has helped the crops to some extent, the late hot days have again made the ground very dry, and unless we get some heavy rain water-carting will commence with some people before long.
The anniversary services in connection with the Wesleyan Church here were held last Sunday and Monday. On Sunday sermons were preached morning and evening by Mr. A. D. Bennett to good congregations. On Monday the usual tea, followed by a public meeting, was held. The Treasurer read a report snowing that the total liabilities were about £40. Mr. Barr, of Minlaton, presided over the meeting, and addresses were given by the Rev. J. Gillingham, Mr. Broadbent, and Mr. A. D. Bennett. Proceeds of tea, &c., £10 0s. 9d. The Mutual Society meetings held bi-weekly in the Institute are well attended, and much interest is taken in the debates on social and public questions.
Oct. 15th.—The usual fortnightly meeting of the Mutual Association was held on Thursday evening. There were about 40 members present, and the President occupied the chair. The first item on the programme was a reading by Master W. Collins. This was given very creditably, considering it was his first attempt. A debate followed upon the subject "Is tobacco smoking a habit to be encouraged or not"? Mr Pearce, in opening the debate said he was sorry some one who was a smoker had not undertaken to defend smoking. He, however, would do his best to do so. Smoking when used moderately was by many considered beneficial. In some trades or callings, for instance when a man worked amid, or was surrounded by mephetic vapors, it was found that those who smoked were far more free from diseases of the chest than those who did not. It was a good disinfectant. Many sung its praises. Kingsly had described it as, ''The lone man's companion, the bachelor's friend, the sick man's cordial, the hungry man's food, and the wakeful man's sleep. Mr. B. Newbold rose to condemn smoking. It was a filthy habit—a habit that grew upon a person. It was a downright poison, and for any one to make a fireplace of their mouths seemed most ridiculous. All medical authorities condemned the use of tobacco—at any rate by young persons. He hoped to see tobacco smoking done away with. He cited the case of Bismark, and said that owing to his being a heavy smoker he could not shave himself. Mr. Anderson, said he was not a smoker, nor did he think he would take up the habit, but there was much to be said in favor of tobacco smoking. Surgeons when going to make a post-mortem examination sometimes smoked heavily. Mr. Grigg said he thought smoking did him good sometimes, particularly after eating gross food. Mr. J. C. Tonkin said he had been a smoker for 20 years ; but three years ago he left it off and he felt all the better for it. As for doing good after a meal, that was all a mith. Mr. Cameron said he had been a smoker and he thought when he used to smoke he could concentrate his thoughts better. This member, who is usually one of our speakers, seemed—to use a sporting phrase —decidedly 'off color." The chairman, in putting the question to the vote, said he was quite satisfied that smoking was a foolish habit. In nine times out of ten it it was taken up as a habit. He sometimes took a pipe at night, and the doctors had told him that a smoke now and then would assist his digestive apparatus. The voting showed in favor of smoking 11 against 21. The meeting closed with the National Anthem.
The usual fortnightly meeting of the Mutual Improvement Association was held on Thursday evening last. There was a very large attendance. The president, occupied the chair. The programme consisted of songs rendered by Mrs. Hussey, Messrs Koloske and Williams. The chairman gave a reading in a very effective manner. Mr. B. Newbold spoke upon the subject of "British freedom," arguing that the boasted freedom of the British was all a myth. A discussion followed upon the subject.
Haymaking is now the labor of the day, the yield will in many instances be very light, and as there appears to be a large area cut, the price cannot be very high. Reaping will be general in a fortnight, while in some of the early crops it will be less. The rust has done considerable damage on the heavy scrub land. Water is very scarce.
November 30. Mr. Herman Will met with a rather serious accident on Friday last. He was coming from Mount Rat with a 400-gallon tank of water in his dray when his hat blew off, and on getting down to pick it up, his clothes caught on a bolt, and he was thrown under the wheel, which passed over both legs. He lay on the road for some hours before he could make any one hear. He managed to crawl and walk a little until he attracted the notice of Mr. Newbold, who took him home between 10 and 11 o'clock at night, when he was attended by Dr. Dyer, of Minlaton. Fortunately no bones were broken, but he was severely bruised.
The Mutual Improvement Association in connection with the Institute has been well attended. At the last meeting there were more than 100 people present.
Last Wednesday the annual demonstration took place. There was a good gathering at the sports. In the evening an entertainment was given, friends from Minlaton, Maitland, and other places assisting with music, singing, and recitations.
November 30. On Wednesday last a demonstration was held in connection with the institute. During the afternoon athletic and other sports were indulged in. About 150 sat down to a substantial spread. In the evening an entertainment was given to a crowded house under the chairmanship of Mr. J. E. Leonard. After the overture the various amounts received towards the building were acknowledged. The entertainment was highly successful, and the proceeds amounted to about £22.— Reaping is general. On the western side of the range the crops are rather light. The scrub lands are not as good as usual, as the season has been too dry. The average of the neighborhood will be less than a bag to the acre. Many are carting water, some a distance of nine miles. This means an extra team all the summer unless rain should fall. Several of our oldest settlers intend leaving for the western district of Victoria as soon as harvest is over.
Everything is very dull. If we except water carting, there is scarcely a farmer who has more than a week's supply. Such a dry season has not been experienced by any of the settlers. If rain does not fall shortly there will certainly be a water famine.-— Business is quite at a stand still. One can get a very good idea of the depression by attending some of the distress sales ; it is pitiful to see the poor prices that are obtained for horses and implements. Farming at present is not a profitable calling, implements are altogether too high considering the price of wheat. When wheat was 6s. per bushel, implements were quite as cheap if not cheaper than now, because the farmer could pay cash for them. But now, if he gets a reaping machine, it is quite the usual thing to have two, and sometimes three years to pay, for it in. Well, the machinest wants 10 per cent, for his money and as farming won't pay the 10 per cent., it simply means that the farmer must go to the wall. When a man can stand on his own bottons, when he can go to his draper or his grocer, or his machinest, and say. "I will give you so and so cash," then and then only we can reasonably hope for substantial prosperity. It is heart rending to see the homes of those who have during the past eight or nine years struggled against, adversity broken up, and the poor farmer thrown upon the world, to commence life again broken in spirit and bankrupt.
February 8. All the farmers are disappointed with their crops — Meetings of creditors and distress sales are an every-day occurrence. — Water is very scarce, and the advent of the man with the divining rod caused quite a sensation. Several farmers have availed themselves of his services, while as many ridicule the idea, but if those who have taken the rod man's advice should be successful in obtaining water his services will be in demand next year. The necessity for water carting is a most serious drawback, and several who are carting from the Mount Rat Springs have ten and twelve miles to travel. Many are leaving the Peninsula for Victoria.
March 4. The weather here continues very dry, and a great many people are carting water from the Mount Rat Wells, the tank here being quite empty. It is with difficulty that water can be obtained at the wells, though there are nineteen of them.
We are still losing settlers. Last week five more families started for Victoria. This makes nine that have left this neighbourhood for another colony. The land left by those gone has been taken by adjoining farmers.
Last Sunday and Monday the anniversary services in connection with the Wesleyan Sunday school were held. The Rev. J. Gillingham preached in the morning and evening, and there was a children's service in the afternoon. On the Monday the children were taken to the beach. They all seemed to enjoy themselves very much. A tea meeting was held at the Chapel in the afternoon, and afterwards a public meeting, at which Mr. Cameron (the Superintendent of the school) presided. The proceeds were not as satisfactory as usual, out sufficient was raised to pay all expenses.
May 10. The rain continues to hold off, and unless it comes soon many farmers will have to start water-carting again. Just sufficient rain has fallen to start the grass in places, and it is more than 20 months since we had a good running rain. One or two farmers have finished seeding, but the majority will not be done for some time yet. -- At a meeting of the committee, held on May 8, there was a full attendance of members. The hon. secretary (Mr. F. Pearce) tendered his resignation, as he was leaving the district. Most of the members expressed regret that Mr. Pearce was going, he having held the office of secretary since the establishment of the institute. Mr. Pearce returned thanks for the kind expressions that had been used towards him, and said he had worked hard to make the institute a success, and was glad to say it was free from debt. Mr. F. Tomney was elected secretary. Rules to be observed by persons attending the readingroom were considered, and it was decided to post a copy of the rules as passed in some conspicuous place in the reading-room.— As the Rev. Mr. Silburn was last Sunday returning from Wauraltie to Maitland, where he had been conducting service in the Church of England, the horse he was driving bolted, and the vehicle coming into contact with a heap of metal was capsized. The reverend gentleman was thrown out, but escaped with a good shaking. The buggy was considerably damaged.
The weather continues very dry. Many of the farmers are still water carting, their tanks being as empty as they were three months ago. A great deal of the wheat sown two months ago has not yet germinated on the hard ground. Should such weather continue the out-look for the coming harvest will be fruitless.—A meeting of the Mutual Improvement Society was held the first time this season in the Wauraltee Institute on Thursday, June 24th. Mr J. Leonard in the chair. Mr. Cameron gave an address on mutual improvement, how to make it a success; Miss Wedd, a reading entitled "My mother in in law," for which she received great applause ; Mr. B. Newbold, a speech on human nature, treating principally on ambition. The meeting was then enlivened by a song by Miss Grundy, a recitation by Miss. E. Wedd, after which impromptu speeches were delivered by Messrs J. Leonard, McKenzie, Cameron, Andrewson and Newbold. The meeting closed by singing the National Anthem.
July 19. —Since my last we have been favoured with a steady soaking rain, which has somewhat changed the aspect of things. Although not sufficient to fill, tanks, it will do a great deal of good to the growing crops. Some of the farmers who had ground ploughed were tempted to recommence sowing.—-The annual general meeting of the subscribers of the institute was held on Thursday, July 15th. The treasurer's report showed receipts £96 6s., expenditure £76 3s. 6d., leaving a balance of £20 2s. 6d. After the balancesheet had been adopted, the following officers were elected, viz:—President, Mr. J. C. Leonard, re-elected ; vice-president, Mr. Jas. Leonard : Mr. F. Tomney was re-elected secretary ; treasurer, Mr. R. Wedd ; committee, Messrs C. Twelftree, Hussey, Cameron, and W. Leonard ; auditors, Messrs. J. Leonard, and Jas. Brown.—The usual fortnightly meeting of the Mutual Improvement Society, was held in the Institute on Thursday evening, July 8th. Recitations were given by W. Leonard, W. Wedd, and. Miss. A. Johnson, also an essay by Mr. B. Newbold, on books, and a speech by Mr. J. Illman on the present depression. He pointed out that land monopoly, mortgagees, drink, and extravagance in his belief were the causes. After a warm discussion the meeting was brought to a conclusion with a spelling bee.
September 28th—The weather continues dry, with occasional north wind blowing. Grass is scarce, crops backward, and black rust plentiful. Our local cricketers played their first match on their own ground on Saturday, their opponents being a team from Koolywurtie. The home captain having won the toss, elected to bat. M. Tomney and R. Hussey were the first to oppose the bowling of B. Nation and J. Hatcher. For a time the scoring was very rapid, but after Tomney had scored 19 he was clean bowled C. Twelftree next joined Hussey, but the latter almost immediately shared the same fate as Tomney for 27. F. Tomney then joined Twelftree, but after having contributed 5 was bowled by a shooter off his boot John Duthie was the next to appear, but after having scored 8 in good stile was bowled Twelftree then retired with 15 to his credit. A. Glacken came next, but failed to score and was bowled. A. Hardy was unfortunately run out for 4. M. Johnson came next, but was immediately caught, and retired with a 0. G. Crocher and R. Phillips failed to score, being both clean bowled, thus leaving W, Glacken not out 4. It will thus be seen that some of the very best bats were disposed of very cheaply. The total scored by the home team in one innings including byes, was 92 runs. For Koolywurtie J. C. Tonkin and P. Feehan were the first to appear. The former made a fair score, viz., 14, when he was unfortunately run out. The other members of the team failed to make any stand, and the total only reached 24. They again resumed their innings and were all disposed of for 52, B, Hatcher being the only one to reach double figures, scoring 18 not out. The bowling of M. Johnson for the home team proved very effective, capturing six wickets. B. Nation was the most successful bowler for the visitors. D. Feehan also bowled well.
The newly formed Cricket Club made its debut at Wauraltee on the 9th inst, and were honored with victory. After so auspicious a commencement enthusiasm should not be allowed to flag, and where there appears to be such excellent material success must rule. Appended are the respective scores:—Minlaton—Page 0-4, Smith 0—0, W. Smith 0—3, W. Page 34 (not out) -10 (not out), Manuel 0 - 3 (not out), Stagbower 2, Mclnerheney I, Hvde 15, T. R. Smith 3, Shepherdson 9, Page 2,sundries L 2. Total 67—22. Wauraltee—TweIftree 5—1, Bronick 8—0. Hussey 5—2, Toraney 0—0, T. Tomney 2—7, Johnston 9—8, Neindorf 0—0, Duthie 0—15, Glacken 8—0, Gogler 0—6, Hardy 0—2, sundries 7 —3. Total 44—44.
November 12. A public meeting was held in the Institute last night to consider the best steps to take to improve the water supply for the district. Mr J. C. Leonard presided over a fair number of farmers. Speakers referred to the difficulty experienced in getting at what was really a good supply of water, owing to large sandbanks impeding the way. It was stated that the difficulty could be surmounted at a very moderate expense. It was resolved to petition the Government ''to sink a large well on the Wauraltee Reserve, and to erect a windmill and forcepump thereon, with sufficient piping to bring the water clear of the large, sandbanks, with a tank at the edge to secure the water,'' an amendment infavour of asking for horseworks instead of a windmill being lost by a large majority. Messrs. J. C. Leonard, J.P.,C. H. Hoffitcher, F. Attrill, C. Hardy, and. J. Leonard were appointed a committee to carry out the wishes of the meeting, The petition is being largely signed.
MR. F. TOMNEY said that it could not be but gratifying to find so many present at such an important meeting, as it showed the interest taken by them as well as the real necessity of alluding to the question before them. It was only too well understood by most of them that the water question was a very great drawback to the farmers of the district, and he could not describe the hardships many of them had to contend with in that direction. After looking around and seeing the way other districts were attended to in the matter if water conservation he reminded them that it was high time they called for help, especially when there was an abundant supply of water close at hand, but unprocurable, which remained so caused he believed by the lack of energy on our own part. This might seem incorrect to some of them, owing to a meeting which was held at Port Victoria some ten months ago. It would, however, be understood that that meeting was but a very small one, owing no doubt to the very busy time of the year. Small as it was it had the desired effect of bringing the Government Conservator of Water to the district, for the purpose no doubt of making a commencement in what he might term the right direction, but through some misrepresentation or dint of persuading on the part of one or two less concerned, the whole affair fell through. They had, however, met there for the same purpose as at Port Victoria, and he hoped they would achieve a greater success and thus procure their long felt requirements, which they were justified in asking for now in the time of need. After taking all things into consideration, viz., the way in which they had endeavoured to provide themselves with water by sinking and building tanks and so forth, he thought they might well congratulate themselves and consider they were a very industrious class of persons; but tanks were of little use in such dry seasons as this. He thought that they would all agree with him when he said that they were not a class of persons who were continually agitating the Government to provide them with water. Such was not the case, as their long continued silence in the matter would prove for itself, but this was a case of real necessity. He then drew attention to the present critical financial position, which he thoroughly understood, but our farmers he thought should be assisted in their present awkward position. He then moved the following resolution :—"That owing to the continued dry seasons the farmers have secured but a very short supply of water, and it is therefore necessary that this meeting petition the Government to sink a large well on the Wauraltee Reserve and place a wind mill and force pump thereon with sufficient piping to bring the water clear of the large sand banks to a spot where it can be easily obtainable; also build a tank there."
MB. B. W. NEWBOLD seconded, and spoke in support of the motion, pointing out the way in which the mill could be worked.
MS. R. HUSSEY also supported the motion, as also did MR. HILEY, who drew attention to the splendid supply of water at that place, which was of little use in its present position.
MR. W. H. LEONARD moved an amendment "That horse works be substituted in place of wind mill."
MR. E. SOLOMAN seconded, and thought that something should be done, for if persons had to depend on the Mount Rat wells many would go short, stating that the supply was very short even at this very early part of the water carting season.
MR. R. NEWBOLD thought that horse works would be all but useless amongst the drift sand.
MR J. LEONARD thought a guarantee would be required for the interest of the money, and thought a force pump and piping would be sufficient.
MR TOMNEY said that this would necessitate the attendance of two persons.
MR. B. NEWBOLD considered a force pump alone ridiculous, as they could not leave their teams.
MR. G. LLLMAN thought that there would be a difficulty with the wind mill in calm weather ; the difficulty could, however, be overcome by a sufficiently large tank being built.
The CHAIRMAN, after hearing the views of the meeting, spoke in support of Mr. Tomney's motion. He said this was one of the driest districts in the colony and very little had been done in the line of water conservation, and that outsiders would be greatly benefitted if such was done, for it would considerably lessen the rush on the Mt. Rat wells, and thus be of great benefit. He thought this work should have been done years ago.
MR W. H. LEONARD, the mover of the amendment, thought after taking all things into consideration, the wind mill would prove most beneficial. The proposition was then put and carried by a large majority.
MR. HUSSEY moved that a committee be formed to carry out the business of the meeting.
MR. TOMNEY proposed, MR W. LEONARD seconded, that the following gentlemen be appointed as committee men to carry out the business of the meeting, viz—Messrs. J. C. Leonard, J.P., Frank Attrill, R. Newbold, C. Hardy, C. H. Hoffritcher, and Jas. Leonard. A petition has been drawn out and numerously signed.
March 18. The Wesleyan Sunday-School anniversary services were held here last Sunday and Monday. They were conducted by the Rev. Mr. Gillingham, who preached morning and evening. In the afternoon there was a children's service. The services were well attended, on Sunday evening the Chapel being quite full. On the following Monday morning the children were taken to the beach, where they spent an enjoyable time, being well supplied with fruit, &c. On their return the tea and public meetings were held. Mr. Cameron, sen., Superintendent of the school, presided at the public assembly, and the Rev. Mr, Gillingham, who is leaving as after a stay of three years in the Circuit, gave his farewell address. The other speakers were Messrs. J. Illman, Bowey, G. Cameron, jun and B. Newbold.
An entertainment was given in the above Institute on Friday evening by the children attending the Koolywurtie school, assisted by friends. The evening was very fine, consequently the attendance was good. J. C. Leonard, J.P., occupied the chair. The following is the programme:—Instrumental duet. Misses Humberstone ; chorus, "Spring," by the children ; Miss S. Elleiy then followed with a song,"Eileen Alannah," which was nicely rendered; recitation, " Little Jim," Miss. E. Gardner. Mr. J. Clucas then did full justice to the sony: "The Warrior Bold" ; chorus, " Cuckoo," by the children ; recitation, " A Child's Fancies," John Croser. Then came the comic duet, " Fanny Gray," by Miss S. Ellery and Mr. J. S. McLeod, which met with applause and had to be repeated; overture; Miss Humberstone ; chorus " The Evergreen " the children's song "The Good by eat the Door" was nicely rendered by Mr. T. Newlyn ; recitation, The Frost,'' Misses Tonkin and Gardner. Mr. Clucas sang " Om Guards " nicely. The duet, "Money Matters," was then given by Miss McLeod and Mr. W. McDonald, Miss: Williams followed with the song " Roses Fade," and had to respond to an encore. Mr T. Newyn than sang "Only a Pansy Blosson" sweetly. Miss S. Ellery succeeded in pleasing the audience with the song ''Tapping at the Garden Gate,'' and repeated the last verse in response to the encore. The children then rang the chords " Hunting Horn. After which Mr. J, S. McLeod gave the comic song, "Innocent Things," for which the audience were imperative in their demand for a repetition to which he responded by giving "Eighteenpence." A vote of thanks, moved by Messrs Tonkin and Groser; to the chairman closed the proceedings. Misses McLeod and Humberstone acted as accompanists. After the room was cleaned, refreshments were provided by Miss Williams (the teacher), and dancing was indulged in till the small hours of the morning.
July 2. To-day being election day of the District Council, quite a stir was caused in the Town. During the morning there were but few voters but from 2.30 p.m., traps loaded with electors came pouring in from all directions and judging from the talk, I might reasonably say that Mr, Koch Illman, and Edson were the favourites, the former's election was considered certain. The annual meeting of the Wauraltee Cricket Club was held on Saturday, June 23 when the following officers were elected Captain, R. Hussey vice-captain, M. Tomney ; committee, W. Wedd and L. Hardy ; treasurer, T. Tomney : secretary, Angelo Hardy. Practice was commenced on the following Saturday:--Splendid rains have fallen during the middle of the month, which was very welcome. As very little had fallen previous, many tanks were almost empty.
November 5. People here are pleased with the decision of the Postmaster-General to invite tenders for the mail via Port Victoria. I hear the Maitland folks are indignant. It will only make a difference of an hour or so to them which route it takes; besides, they simply ask for a direct route from Moonta to Yorketown, without advancing a single thing in its favour. On the other hand the gentlemen who proposed the alteration via Port Victoria gave very good reasons for doing so, and the proposition was carried without dissent.
August 20—On Saturday, evening, August. 17, the annual meeting of subscribers to the Wauraltee Institute was held. The president (Mr. J. C. Leonard) was in the chair. The treasurer read the balance-sheet which showed a small balance in hand. The election of officers was next proceeded with when the following were appointed :—Treasurer, F, Tomney; vice-president, W. H. Leonard; treasurer, R. Hussey hon. sec., A. W. Hardy ; committee, Messrs W. Wedd and Twelftree; auditors, Messrs H. J. Leonard and Jas. Leonard. Mr. B. W. Newbold proposed a vote of thanks to the late president, and said that he (Mr. Leonard) had been president of the Institute since its organization, and during that time he always endeavored to advance its interest and prosperity. Mr. Hussey seconded: The vote was earned with great applause. Mr. Leonard replied that he always felt a keen interest in the Institute and would continue to do so not withstanding that he was going to retire and leave the district. Mr. W. McKenzie read a paper on the west coast lands. He described the soil as a sandy loam well adapted for the wheat growing bearing from six to nine inches deep with marl and limestone under, the malley being from two in. to two feet through the plains being thick with wombat holes, and covered with white tussocks. In answer to many questions Mr. McKenzie said that the principal drawback was the water, in being scarce and inferior, and to be obtained only at a great depth. He also considered it far superior to most of the land in Wauraltee, and in his own judgment it should produce from 10 to 12 bushels of wheat to the acre in any fair season. A vote of thanks was accorded to Mr. McKenzie. Mr. J. C. Leonard will be a candidate for the House of Assembly at the next elections for Yorke's Peninsula, and should meet with good; support.—The wheat and oat crops are looking splendid, with few exceptions, where they have been sown late.
AUGUST 19. The annual meeting of the members of the Institute was held here on Saturday last, when the balance-sheet showed a credit balance of £2 4s. It was shown by the Secretary's report that a large amount had been expended during the year for books, six volumes of the "Globe Encyclopaedia" besides other valuable works having been purchased, also extra seating accommodation provided. Mr. F. Tomney was elected President and Mr. A. Hardy Secretary for the ensuing year. Mr. McKenzie, who has lately been to the West Coast, gave a description of it and his opinion re farming in that part of the colony at a public meeting held here lately. There were between thirty and forty residents present, Mr. J. C. Leonard presiding. Mr. McKenzie gave an account of his journey, and is or opinion that it will pay to grow wheat there in connection with grazing, and considers it far superior to the land in Waraultee, though there are large areas of land not yet surveyed. Great interest was manifested by the residents. A vote of thanks, to Mr. McKenzie concluded the meeting.
March 7. On Wednesday night a heavy thunderstorm passed over here. During the night the lightning struck the schoolhouse at Koolywurtie. The walls, which are built with stone, are cracked, and have holes completely through them. Miss Williams, the teacher, on entering in the morning. found a table broken to pieces, and a workbox, which was standing on it, split to atoms.
A large and influential meeting was held in the Wauraltee Institute on Saturday evening to protest against the removal of the public school to Koolywurtie. The residents were indignant that such a thing should be thought of, as there are ten to eleven children attending the school at present. It was unanimously decided to petition the Minister of Education to reconsider the matter and let the school remain. The members of the district will be asked to interest themselves in the matter.
On Wednesday, June 24, Messrs. Bartlett and Lamshed waited upon the Minister of Education and presented a petition from residents in the neighborhood of Wauraltee protesting against the closing of the public school at that place. The Minister promised to get further information, but unless there was a likelihood of better attendance than in the past the building would have to be removed, and the children could then go either to Mount Rat or Koolywurtie.
The weather still continues very dry and cold with frosty nights. But few of the crops that have been sown are above ground, and several of the farmers are not going to sow until it rains. The prospects at present are very unsatisfactory.
October 29. A farewell social was given to Mr. R. Hussey, blacksmith, who is leaving here for Swan Hill, in the Wauraltee Institute last evening. A large number of people were present. Mr. James Leonard proposed the guest's health in complimentary terms, and was supported by Messrs. J. S. McLeod and W. Lakie. Songs were sung by the Misses Hincks (two) and Mitchell and Mrs. McLeod. Dancing was continued till 2 o'clock. Mr. John Wehr was an efficient master of ceremonies.
Y. P. DISTRICT COUNCIL. WAURALTIE WARD.
Meetings of ratepayers of the above ward was held at the Institute Hall, Wauraltie, on Tuesday, 8th inst. Mr William Edson in the chair. There was a good attendance of ratepayers present to hear the explanation of Messrs A. H. Jericho and R. Sandilands in connection with upsetting the recent election (which has been reported in a meeting held recently at Port Victoria), which explanation was considered satisfactory. The action of the Returning Officer was not condemned under the circumstances, as at the time he considered he had power to reject informal nominations, and in rejecting Mr Bowey's nomination he thought he was acting in good faith, and was following the course taken by previous returning officers. Messrs G. Illman and W. Bowey, candidates, gave the electors their views upon matters appertaining to the ward. A meeting of the ratepayers of Wauraltie Ward was held in the Assembly Hall, Urania, on Thursday evening, 10th inst. Mr J. Prindeville was voted the chair. Messrs A. H. Jericho and R. Sandiland to, gave their explanation, re their action in the recent election, which was accepted. The Chairman then invited intending candidates to give their views upon Council matters in the district. Mr WILLIAM BOWEY,a candidate, first addressed the meeting. Mr Bowey denied a false statement which had by some means gained circulation, viz., that he was in favor of expending the rates upon cutting Bagshaw's Hill on the main road from Urania to Port Victoria. He considered that the distribution of the special main road grant was inequitable as far as this ward was concerned. He considered the duty of the councillor was to act conscientiousIy, and expend the money on the worst portion of main roads under their control. He thought the Councillors ought to act in a body, and deal fairly with all roads upon their merits. Personally he considered if a portion of road in another ward had prior claims to those in his ward he would feel disposed to wave the claims of his own ward in favor of the others. As this was a condition upon which the grant was received that it be expended upon worst portions of roads in the district. He considered that Maitland Ward had more than its fair share of this fund, as the main roads in that ward were nearly all constructed by the Road Board, prior to the establishment of the District Council. He would advocate the construction of a cheaper kind of district road, say 12 feet wide and 7 inch depth of metal. If this road was well formed it would be equal to the traffic on the majority of the district roads. This would cost upon the basis of the present average price for forming and constructing the roads as at present adopted by the Council, could be probably done for £1 per chain. He considered the road from Urania to Mount Rat should not have been struck off the schedule of main line of roads by the Road Commission, as it seemed to him unjust and unfair that the district should be saddled with the expense of keeping the road in repair, as it was the main road from Moonta to Edithburgh, and immediate steps should be taken to get it replaced. Road rolling was a matter which demanded the attention of the Councillors, as at present, in most instances, the roads were very badly rolled, also in some places badly blinded. The newly made roads were not properly consolidated, and persons in power should see that the rollers were proper; weighted. Jetties — The Council should have full control of these, and let them on the commission principle. The Port Victoria Jetty was let upon the principle, and worked satisfactorily. He contended that the Ardrossan Jetty should be let upon the same lines. Watertables or drains across roads should be made under the supervision of the Overseer of Works, as some are badly and dangerously formed. He did not intend to hamper the ratepayer in procuring water in any way whatever, but thought the drains should be properly formed. If returned, he would do his best to faithfully serve them, and attend to their interests, Mr G. Illman then stated his position, etc., and the grounds upon which he resigned from his seat in recent election. He advocated each councillor attending to their own ward—(Mr J. T. Collins —Yes, quite right too.) —as it would be inconvenient and expensive for a councillor to be acquainted with all portions of the roads in the District. Mr Bowey had made accusations against the Council for dealing unfairly in the inequitable distribution of Main Road Fund. He would remind Mr Bowey that when the distribution or allotment of this fund took place some time ago, Mr Bowey was absent—(Mr Bowey said that was the only time he was absent the whole of his term of office)—and was not there to attend to his duties. However, out of the £1,000 pounds grant, they got £160. A portion to be expended upon the Wauraltee and Port Victoria road. His colleague had charged him with taking advantage of his absence in getting a piece of road 47 chains made on this line. But he would remind ratepayers that a petition was lying in the Council Offices at the time, asking for this piece of road to be made, so therefore, the action he took was in the interests of the ratepayers who had signed the petition, lie the removal of the road from Urania to Mount Rat off the schedule. He took the trouble to go to Adelaide and wait upon the Road Commissioners, and give evidence (which evidence was produced and read). The Commissioners had decided to remove either the road from Urania to Pt Victoria, or from Mount Rat to Port Victoria. So he conscientiously considered that they could better afford to have the route from Urania to Mount Rat removed in preference to any of the others—(Yes.) He was in favor of retaining jetties, and letting on Commission. Mr Illman spoke at length upon rates, assessment, licence, etc, and trusted his past efforts in the Council had met with the ratepayers' approval, and that they would rest upon his merits. No blame was attached to the Returning Officer.
Several other questions by ratepayers were answered, and a vote of thanks to the Chairman closed a lengthy and orderly meeting.
Maitland, August 17.— On Friday a son of Mrs. Bristowe, of Wauraltee, was brought into Maitland suffering from an uncommon and very painful accident. Whilst manipulating some melted lead he dropped some into nn old empty cartridge case in which the cap had not been exploded, with the result that an explosion at once took place and a quantity of liquid metal was projected into the boy s face and eyes. The case was attended to by Dr. Dickenson who removed from the right eye a piece of the metal .75 in. long and .5 in. wide. This piece formed a complete mould over the front of the eye ball. Besides this piece there were several small bits in the same eye and also in the left eye which were removed. The doctor says that the sight of the right eye will be lost. The boy is progressing favorably. A peculiar feature of the accident is that the boy didn't think there were any pieces in his eye. Both being very swollen no one else knew either until the lad was brought in for medical attendance. Dr. Dickenson says he never before has seen such a peculiar case of the same nature.
The ratepayers of Wauraltie Ward, in the Yorke's Peninsula district, distinguished themselves on Monday by electing a dead man as Councillor. The deceased official referred to was the late Mr. George Illman, who was nominated for re-election, but died between nomination and polling days. Party feeling running rather high, the supporters of Mr. Illman considered that the only way to secure their end was to vote for the deceased gentleman, so that a supplementary election might follow, at which a representative in touch with them might be returned. Their object was facilitated by the apathy of the friends, of the rival candidate, who regarded the selection of the only living nominee as a foregone conclusion. It seems that the returning officer had no option but to declare the dead man duly elected, and this he did. This incident is probably without parallel in the history, of district council elections in this state.
November 4.— On Tuesday last a very heavy thunderstorm, accompanied with severe lightning and hailstones, passed over this district, doing a great deal of damage to the crops. The residence of Mr. H. W. Illman had all the windows the west smashed in with the hailstones, and several holes knocked through the iron roof; also, a crop of wheat that looked as though it would average 12 to 14 bushels to the acre, knocked down so that it will take it all its time to average a bag.
PORT VICTORIA, June 29. The Wauraltee Schoolhouse and School were burnt to the ground last night. The teacher is homeless. Nothing was saved, but, fortunately, there was no loss of life.
Wauraltee September 6, On September 2, as little girls were playing in front of the Wauraltee School, a rifle bullet passed over the head of one of the children and and struck the wall of the school building. The bullet was extracted from the wall. Since then it has been ascertained that one of the windows in the Methodist Church, Wauraltee, had been riddled with charge of heavy shot, This careless shooting is strongly condemned. The matter has been placed in the hands of the police.
An interesting wedding took place in the Wauraltee Methodist Church on December 10, when Miss Ethel M. Williss, daughter of Mr. J. B. Williss, 'Clorerina,' Wauraltee, was married to Mr. A. J. Panders, of Moolywurtie. The church was Artistically decorated for the occasion by Miss B. Keightley, Miss Fox, and Miss A. Newbold. Ropes of greenery were stretched from window to window, and from a floral archway hung a huge floral wedding-bell, supported on either side by the initials of the bride and bridegroom. The bride's silk frock was richly tucked on the bodice and skirt, and trimmed with allover lace and insertion. A beautiful Empire train depended from the shoulders. Her tulle veil was fixed with a spray of orange blossom. The bridesmaids, Miss Blanche Williss (sister of the bride) and Miss F. Brown (cousin) were frocked in cream voile pinaforo dresses, trimmed with Paris insertion, the bodices having transparent yoke and sleeves of Paris allover lace. They carried bouquets of scarlet flowers with streamers of ribbon to match, and wore gold crosses, the gift of the bridegroom. Mr. D. Sanders (brother of bridegroom) acted as best man; Mr. Hubert Willis as groomsman. Rev. S. J. Martin, of Minlaton, performed the ceremony. After the ceremony a reception was held in the institute, at which a number of guests were present. A good programme of music and dancing was carried out. Songs were rendered by. Miss Stagbour and Mr. V. Barlow; duets by Mr. Barlow and Miss Keightley, Miss Stagbour and Miss Keightley, and Miss Keightley and Mrs. Dvorak. A special feature of the evening was the cutting of the bride's cake, which was made and presented to the bride by Mrs. Sidney Treasure, of Urania. Mrs. Sanders travelled in a navy blue coat and skirt worn, with a cream front. Her cream erin hat was trimmed with blush roses and green velvet ribbon.
The following is a list of the presents : — Mr. Williss (father), cheque; Mrs. Williss. (mother), household linen;Miss Williss and Mrs B. Williss, jardiniere; Messrs; L. and M. Williss, glass jug and set of glasses. Mr H. Williss preserve dish Mr. D. Sanders, cheque; Mr. F. Sanders, set of carvers : Mr. Vic. Sanders, hat rack :Mr. G. Sanders, set of jugs; Miss Harris, set of carvers; Mr. and Mrs.T. Collins (Urania), soup tureen; Mr. V. Barlow (Koolywurtie), cutlery: Mr L. S. Andrew (Minlaton), bread fork. Mr. and Mrs. J. Brown (Koolywurtie), knives and forks; Miss G. Brown, silver serviette ring; Miss Keightley, teaspoons; Mrs. Walt. Wedd, bread crock; Mr. Manuel, cheque; Misses E. and A. Newbold, cheque; Mr. and Mrs. Robert Newbold, cheque; Mr. and Mrs. Sid Treasure, wedding cake; Mrs. Mitchell, tablecloth; Mr. and Mrs. Trehearne, dining-room clock; Miss Tomney, butterdish; Miss Francis, jar; Mr. and Mrs. Richards, silver tray and d'oyley; Mr. D. Male, honey dish; Mr. and Mrs. Fred Collins, pickle cruet, the Messes, and Misses Tonkin, silver cruet; Miss Stagbond, fruit dish; Mr. A. G. Mathews, silver serviette ring; Elva, Gerty, and Harold Brow, jug and glasses; Mr. B. Smith, vases; Misses L. and F. and C. Brown, fruit salad bowl; Mr. T. Thyer (Yorketown), brush and crumb tray; Mr. and Miss Fox, biscuit barrel; Mr. and Mrs. T. Brown (cousins), silver cake basket: Miss Bissenberg, trifle dish; Miss and Mr P. and G. Mahar, epergne; Mr. and Mrs. H. Illman, cake dish; Mr. and Mrs. Jahne, pickle cruet; Mrs. Martin, ornament; Messrs. S. and A. Davis, butter dish; Mr. and Mrs. D. Carmichael, preserve dishes: Mr. and Mrs. C. Willing, serviette rings; Mr. and Mrs. Short (Adelaide), drawingroom clock; Mr. and Mrs. Croser, lamp; Mrs. Drosak, plants; Mrs. W. Wedd, 1 dozen serviettes; Mr. and Mrs. H. Hinds, fruit knives end forks; Mr. S. Gleenalade, set of carvers; Mr. B. W. Newbold and family, a silver teapot. A special presentation was also made by Mr. Richards, of Urania, on behalf of the Urania Cricket Club, in the form of a beautiful set of carvers.
Wauraltie, September 7. Yesterday Mr. and Mrs. Newbold, sen., had a narrow escape from a fatal accident. They were starting for Minlaton with a buggy and pair, when one of the horses got its leg over the trace. The animal began to kick and then bolted. The occupants were thrown out and the trap capsized, and was badly smashed. Mrs. Newbold sustained a broken rib and was badly knocked about, while Mr. Newbold was much bruised and shaken. Dr. Hart is attending them.
Wauraltie, September 7, Last Saturday night the eldest son of Mr. D. Feehan was riding home across some swamp land, when his bicycle slipped and the lad sustained a broken leg and injured his arm. After crawling home, about a quarter of a mile, he was exhausted. The injured limb was attended to by a neighbor, and the lad was taken to the Minlaton Hospital. He is progressing favorably under Dr. Hart.
WAURALTIE, October 19. Snakes are plentiful year, and quite a number have been seen. One was entering the back door of the post-office recently, but fortunately Mrs. Lloyd saw it and frightened it away. Two children were playing on the floor and if it had got into the room the results might have been serious. Last Saturday Mr. James killed a snake measuring 7 ft. in length.
Wauraltie May 6. While at work in the blacksmith s shop yesterday Mr, E. Fox had a trying experience. Some phosphorus which had been left in an unsound tin suddenly ignited. The place was soon a mass of fumes and smoke. While attempting to secure a tin of gunpowder Mr. Fox was overcome by the fumes. Fortunately assistance was at hand, as a passer-by saw the smoke. After a hard battle the fire was put out. Had nobody been on the spot Mr. Fox would have been a heavy loser, as the north wind which was blowing would have carried the fire to sheds containing vehicles, drills &c.
Wauraltee. April 4. The largest snakeskin seen by old settlers here was found by. Mr. Lloyld. He was crossing Mr. Edson's paddock, and discovered the skin, which had apparently been shed some months. It measured 8 ft. in length and, as near as could be calculated, 3.5 to 4 in. round.
A most successful and enoyable strawberry fete was held at Wauraltee on Nov 26. The hall was prettily decorated the strawberry and cream stall being specially noticeable with its artistic decorations of white muslin and daffodils, in charge of Messrs Willis Bros., assisted by Miss Willis and Miss Stanley. The work and fancy still presided over by Mrs B Newbold and Miss H. Willis was loaded with useful as well as ornamental articles and a guessing competition, the prize being a beautifully dressed doll whose name was the mystery to be solved, added many a threepenny piece, to the proceeds of the stall. Mr Jaehne of Minlaton was the winner, Daisy being the name given, and he generously gave the little lady back to be re-sold. The sweets stall with Misses Christison and Newbold in charge was bought out quite early in the evening and the cool drinks were also rushed. The bran dip yielded, the usual supply of earsplitting whistles, and Miss Carmichael and Master Tom Newbold were, kept busy. Mrs G. Newbold had charge of the tea and supper room assisted by the Misses Mahar and others. After supper the funds were still further augmented by the sale of the delicious pastry and cakes remaining.
Mr Robert Newbold, who died at his residence, Wauraltee, Yorke Peninsula, on February 22nd, at the age of 77, was an old and highly respected resident of the Peninsula. Born in 1839, at Swarkaston, Derbyshire, England, he came to South Australia with his parents, at the age of ten years, in the ship " Brackenmore." Upon reaching manhood, he selected land at Bullaparinga, where he resided for several years. Afterwards for six years, he farmed at Cape Jervis, In 1875 he selected land at Wauraltee, where he has since lived. Although not disposed to take an active part in the public life of the district, Mr Newbold was associated with the Agricultural Society and other bodies. He was an active member of the local Methodist Church, and, for 59 years a member of the Independent Order of Oddfellows. A few years ago, the deceased gentleman retired from farming, but has since resided at the old homestead. In 1861, he was married to the third daughter of the late Mr Geo. Willis, of Rapid Bay, who survives him. The family consists of two sons and four daughters:—Messrs R. G. and B. W. Newbold, of Wauraltee ; Mesdames T. Brown, of Koolywurtie ; E. S. Tuckwell, of Largs Bay ; and P. C. Manuel, of Enfield.
Mr G. Newbold, of Wauraltee, had a very narrow escape from death by falling 5O feet down a well. There was about e seven feet of water in the well which broke the force of his fall and saved his life. A lad who was present at the time, ran for help. Mr Newbold was brought to the surface and motored to Dr. Shanahan at Curramulka. He is progressing favorably.
While Mr Edward Fox, of Wauraltee, was driving to a sale recently, his clothes caught fire through a lighted pipe. He was unable to take off his clothes unaided owing to an arm having bean rendered useless by rheumatism, and all he could do was to tear away the clothing as the fire released it. He drove back home, three miles, in great pain. He was motored to the hospital, where he is slowly recovering.
Mr. James Burgess Williss, an early resident of Wauraltee, was found dead in his paddock on Tuesday morning. The deceased, who was 78 years of age, had been suffering from a weak heart for several years. Although not actively engaged in farm. in he took a keen interest in the farm work. The late Mr. Williss came from Rapid Bay, and resided for a time at Warooka. He left a family of three daughters and three sons :— Mrs. Saunders (Ardrossan), Misses H. and B. Williss (Wauraltee). Messes. L. Williss (Renmark), and H. and M Williss (Wauraltee). His wife predeceased him several years ago.
The many friends of Mr. Alf, Mahar, of Wauraltee, will regret to learn of his sudden death on Wednesday last. The late Mr. Mahar was about 50 years of age, And had spent a lifetime in the district. He leaves a widow, two daughters (Annie and Marie), and four sons (Ted, Eugeue, Kevin, and Gerald). The funeral was very largely attended, and the service was conducted by the Rev. Fathers Aylward and McNamara.
A most successful fancy dress dance was held in the Wauraltee hall on Wednesday, July 9. There was a large attendance, and the hall looked very gay with brightly coloured streamers. Mesdames S. Newbold and H. E. A. Edwards and Mr. L. F. Hayward acted as judges, and the following prizes were awarded:—Best fancy set, wedding set, bride, Miss Nyglle; groom. Mr. B. Glacken; bridesmaids, Misses Parsons and lllman; groomsmen, Messrs. J. Parsons and L. Illman; bride's parents, Miss Gwen Parsons and Mr. Thrower; best fancy couple, brigands, Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Twelftree; best comic couple, dads and mums, Messrs. L. S. Andrew and P. Letheby; most original couple, "Tin Lizzie," Messrs. D. Feehan and W. Glacken; fancy lady, "bride" (Miss Parsons); comic gentleman, "drunk" (Mr F. Collins) ; best sustained character, "monkey" (Mr. V. Feehan); most original costume (presented by Mrs. S. Newbold), "humming top" (Miss Edwards). Special prizes were awarded to Miss Lily Collins (Stars and Stripes) and Mr. Alwyn Webb (miners fate). Those present included Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Collins, Mr. and Mrs. B. O. Newbold. Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Hayward, Mr. and Mrs. B. Keightley. Mr. and Mrs. W. Glacken, Mr. and Mrs. D. Feehan, Mr. and Mrs. A. R. Trehearne, Mr. and Mrs. Peter Mahar, Mr, and Mrs. V, Mohan. Mr. and Mrs ,T. Tomney, Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Hoicks. Mr. and Mrs. L. lllman, Mr. and Mrs. L. S. Andrew, Mr. and Mrs. "M. Newbold. Mr. and Mrs. H. E. A. Edwards. Mesdames F. Newton, H. Davies, T. Clarence, C. J. Newbold. H. R. Simms, Misses I. Feehan, lllman, E. Linke, E. Symonds, P. Buck, Newbold, A. and U. Hardy, Schultz, D. Wilson, N. Williss, E. Kneebone, Joller, B. Simms, J. Gibson, D. Newlon. A. Wehr, E. Tilbrook, G. Billinghurst, K. Towan, Messrs. D. Nelligan, W. Wehr, J. Newbold. R. G. Newbold. A. Johnson, C. G. Simms, H. Marcenatt. A. Carmichael. H. Hinks, J. H. Kneebone, Don. McGovan. T. Nixey, L. Diment, L. Gusch, S. Nlinan, L. C. Huppabz, D. Gates. Capt. Swaine, O. Walt, E. Feehan.
At a strawberry fete in aid of the Wauraltee Institute, there was a good attendance. The proceedings were opened by Mr. H E. A. Edwards, who briefly explained the object of the fete, namely to pay for building added to the rear of the institute. The strawberries and cream stall was in charge of Mis. S. Twelftree and Miss Newbold; produce stall, Mesdames W. Glacken and J. Tomney; sweets, Misses Collins and Feehan; cool drinks, Messrs. R. Feehan and J. Webb; bran dip. Master Collins; tearoom, Mesdames F. Collins, Newbold, keightley, G. Martin, and D. Feehan.
MAITLAND, December 12.—Harold Pearson, a farm lad employed by Mr. Newbold, of Wauraltee, was cranking a motor car on Sunday afternoon, when it back-fired, and fractured his right wrist. He was motored to the Maitland Hospital for attention.
Mr. M. Newbold, an enthusiastic radio amateur, residing at 'Rosebank,' Wauraltee, South Australia, writes:— I thought that the following might be of interest to you and others:— On Wednesday, December 3 between 6.30 and 7.30 p.m.. on my four valve set, I picked up a wireless broadcasting station situated at Dunedin, in New Zealand, and their call number I think is 4 YA. I also heard them on Sunday, December 7, at the same time. On Wednesday they came in clearly on loud speaker with fair strength. Some of the items were: — 'Annie Laurie,' 'Mary of Argyle,' a piccolo solo, two violin solos, and an opera piece 'Cavalleria Rusticana'. On Sunday the Fisk Jubilee Singers were on the list, but strength on loud speaker was not so good. I get them on about the same wave length as 5 AB; in fact on Sunday 5 AB, when they started up, came in on same tuning and cut 4 YA out.
In the Wauraltee hall on Wednesday evening, March 11, a farewell social was given for Mr. and Mrs. Caleb Illman, who are leaving the district to reside in Adelaide. A large number of guests were present, and Mr. R. Glacken presided. The Rev. Cecil Swan made a short speech, and presented Mrs. Illman with a silver epergne from the ladies of the district. _ Mr. J. Newbold presented her with a silver dish from members of the institute, and Mr. Illman was presented with a case of pipes. Messrs, R. C. Wiltshire, S. W. Powell and C. S. Hincks also spoke. Mr Illman responded, and expressed thanks on behalf of Mrs. Illman and himself for the gifts and kind wishes. Songs were given by Mrs. G. Baass, Miss McMillan. Miss Ita Feehan played an; overture, and the Misses Gersch a violin and piano duet; Mr. Darey Campion gave a comic song, and Mrs. L. F. Hayward a recitation. Among those present were Mr. and Mrs.C. Illman, Miss Illman, and Messrs. S. P., I, and H. Illman, Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Collins, Mr. and Mrs. A. R. Trehearne, Mrs. R. Simms, Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Wiltshire, Mr. and Mrs. A, Baiues, Mr. and Mrs. llelmslie, Mr. and Mrs. D. Feehan, Mr. and Mrs. W. Glacken, Mr and Mrs. S. Twelftree, Mr. and Miss Pavy (W.A.), Mrs. G. Diment, Mr. and Mrs. Allan Rendell, Miss A. Welr, Mr. S. Newbold, Misses Schiller. Mrs, H. Mitchell, Mr, and Mrs. G. Martin, Mr. and Mrs. U. Keightley, Miss Hilda Diraent, Mrs. C. B. Tilhrook, Miss Reidy, Misses B. Simms, V. Goodwin, E, Kneehone, Miss Mahar. Miss May Tomney, Mr. Knap, Miss Freida Gersch, Messrs. Hoggurth, Parson, Wehr, Mr. and Mrs. Mervyn, Willis , Misses Parsons, Sir. A. T. Mitchell,. Nancy Barbour, Miss. D. Wilson, Misses T, and F. Wilson, Messrs. R., V. and E. Feehan, Miss Newbold, Misses M. and A. Illman, Messrs. Hon McCubbin, Keith Martin, F. and T. Collins, Misses L. and J. Collins, Elsie Tilbrook, and Mr. J. H. Kneebone, jun.
At the invitation of Miss F. lllman, a number of friends met recently at the residence, of Mr. and Mrs. Illman, of Wauraltee, to celebrate the coming of age of Miss F. Parsons, Curramulka, with a surprise party. Games and dancing took place, and a very pleasant evening was spent. Messrs. Glacken and Thrower spoke extending birthday, greetings on behalf of those present. Miss Parsons, who was the recipient of many beautiful presents, suitably responded. Among those present were Messrs. H., S., L.. and P. lllman, Mr. G. Parsons. J. Parsons. J. M. Fraser, N. E. Kleeman, A. Glacken, E. Thrower Mesdames Wreford. J. Polkinghorne, and Klee man, Misses F. Parsons, F. Illman, D.Nykill, Tillbrook, and Simmons.
The importance of fallowing is clearly recognised throughout the agricultural areas, and there are no more consistent advocates for its proper application than the progressive farmers at Wauraltee on Yorke's Peninsula. Dealing with the subject, the President (Mr. M. Newbold) of the local branch of the Agricultural Bureau addressing members, said: the principal object in fallowing was to to prepare and work the land that yields of crops would be increased. One point on which the speaker considered farmers could experiment was the advisableness or otherwise of ploughing in stubbles instead of burning off. When stubble and grass were burned many weed seeds were destroyed, but in burning stubble the ashes were blown away, much valuable chemical food was lost, and the ground became pooler. If stubble was ploughed in it soon decomposed, and a large proportion of the chemical food which had been removed from the soil by the previous crop was returned, and was again made available for succeeding crops. Humus was also added to the soil by ploughing in the stubble. The greater portion of humus which the land contained when first broken up was, in the course of cropping operations, worked out of the soil, and as a consequence the land set more firmly, it was heavier to work, and required more working to give the same results as it did 20 years ago with practically no working. It was maintained that, with the rotted straw in the ground, the soil would retain more moisture, and would not be so liable to set down hard. On sandy soil the ploughing in of straw did much towards keeping soil from drifting, and the ground would be found to be damper, and consequently softer, when fallowing than ground that had had a fire over it. Barley stubble could be ploughed in during the ensuing fallowing after the crop had been reaped, but with wheat stubble, unless it was thin and short, it was better left out to feed for a year, when stock broke up the stubble, and it could then be turned under with a mouldboard plough. If a set of harrows was run over the fallow a couple of times the stubble would be barely noticeable. For fallowing he preferred a mouldboard plough, each share of which cut 6 in. or 7 in. of land. In the light soils of their district it was not advisable to plough more deeply than 2 in. Any patches of heavy clay soil could he ploughed to a depth of about 4 in. Last year he had fallowed stubble ground with the cultivator. The ground was finer than when it was ploughed, and so far the crop appeared just as good on the cultivated land as it did on the ploughed ground. Almost immediately after fallowing a set of good sharp harrows should be put over the ground across the ploughing, and if, after that the land was still rough it should be cross-harrowed again. The soil would break down much better if harrowing was done just after a rain. Next, the cultivator should be put over the ploughed ground, but it should not be worked too deeply. He preferred the cultivator before the plough for turning back, because the plough left the soil too loose and open, whereas the cultivator pulverized and compacted the soil belter than the plough. A set of light harrows behind the cultivator would level the ground, and any damp clods were more likely to be broken up than when harrowed dry. If weeds were bad, harrows should be put on after cultivating was finished to again disturb the weeds, and give them less chance to again take root.
The cultivator and harrows could be worked in late spring, but they should never be worked too deeply. Sheep could be run on the fallow when weeds made an appearance. The droppings of stock enriched the land, and the animals broke up the clods and compacted the seedbed. It rain fell during harvest a large harrowing team, 10 or 12 leaves, should be worked at every opportunity during harvest and the remainder, if any, should be gone over immediately after reaping is finished. In such a case a tractor would be convenient, because it could be moved from one implement to another, with a minimum of time and inconvenience. Harrowing would again conserve moisture, and many young weeds would be killed. The fallow should be gone over again before seeding if summer rains had fallen, but if no rain was received it was better not to touch the land. Where the plough was used while the soil was dry takeall was very often seen on account of the soil being left too loose and too open. Harrows should be used whenever the opportunity presented itself. Two main objects to be kept in mind when preparing fallow were to conserve moisture and to prepare a flood solid seedbed with a light layer of fine surface soil to retard evaporation. In discussing the paper, Mr. A. Mitchell said his experience had. been that land on which the stubble had been burnt could be more easily worked than when the straw was ploughed in. Mr. J. Newbold agreed with the writer that land not burnt was easier to work. The experience of Mr. C. Holmes was that the first few rounds where the hay had been cut were usually harder, than that inside the burntline. Mr. V. Fechan had found stubble ground more easily ploughed when the stubbie was not burnt. Speaking in reference to the depth of ploughing, Mr. J. Newhold had found that by shallow ploughing a fine surface soil could be obtained. Mr. Mitchell agreed, and thought, it would be a good plan to dispense with ploughs and use cultivators. Mr. Martin quoted two instances of shallow ploughing. Where the grass had hardly been cut off the crop had proved better than where the same paddock had been worked deeply.
On Monday evening, November 2, Mr. and Mrs. D. A. Carmichael entertained a number of friends and relatives to celebrate the twentyfirst birthday of their son Allan. Games and competitors took place, and pianoforte solos were rendered by Misses Z. Bruce and Phyllis Carmichael, solos by Misses Eva Carmichael and E. K. Carmichael, and a humorous recitation by the Bev. L. C. Cair. Mrs. Tyler performed music for the games. Those successful in securing first prizes in the competitions were Miss F. Illman, Mr. L. Bruce, and Mr. R. Edwardee. Booby prises were awarded to Miss P. Pavy, Mr. H. Latty, and Mr. L. Diment. Supper was served, and a very enjoyable evening was brought to a close with the singing of "Auld Iang syne" and "For he's a jolly good fellow." Those present were:- Mr. Bruce and Miss Z. Bruce (Adelaide), Mrs. S. Tyler (Adelaide), Mr. R. Treasure and Misses I. and M. Treasure (Georgetown), Miss Eva Carmichael (Roseworthy), Messrs. H. and K. Latty (Oaklands), Misses P. Pavy, F. Illman, E. K. Carmichael, E. Symonds, D. Carmichael, P. Carmichael, Rev. L Carr, Messrs. L. Illman, A. Edwardes, H. Illman, and R. Edwardes.
In a chat with Mr. R. G. Newbold, of Wauraltee, he mentioned that he came from Cape Jervis to Yorke Peninsula with his father in April, 1876. They took up land at Wanraltee. It was then covered with scrub, and kangaroos were numerous. They went back in October and chartered the ketch "Lurline" to bring their horses, furniture, and machinery. The late Mrs. Newbold was a passenger on the Lurline, The boat sailed in at Hardwicke Bay and landed some horses for Mr. Bawden (popularly known as "the violin maker." The horses were dropped over the side and swam ashore. The journey from Cape Jervis to Port Victoria took about a week. In their first season the father and sons sowed thirteen bags of wheat and reaped five bags. At the time of their arrival at Wauraltee there were very few farmers on Yorke Peninsula, but Mr. Newbold mentioned quite a number of names of those who came from the other side shortly afterwards. They included Messrs. Anderson and Bartram from Yankalilla; Newbold, Norman and Fraser from Cape Jervis; Duthie and Kemp from Currency Creek; Illman, Barns and Chenoweth from Aldinga; Webb, Mount Barker; Marshall, Monarto; John Cook, Delamere; and Tom Brown, Second Valley. The latter recently visited Rapid Bay and laid the foundation stone or Memorial Hall.
Arithmetic.—Grade VI. Norton Tormney, Marion Newbold: Grade V, Eileen Mahar: IV. Millicent Hardy; Grade II, Barbara Waller; Grade I. Ronda Newbold, Beth Newbold: Frank Tomney. Spelling.—Grade VI, Noreen Tomney; Grade II. Joy Carmichael, Dean Newbold: Grade I. Ronda Newbold Beth Newbold. Mental—Grade I, Dean Newbold. Beth Newbold.
A farewell social afternoon was tendered to Mrs. F. Collins on April 5. in the Wauraltee Hall. Mrs. Collins has been a resident of Wauraltee for a great number of years, and is leaving the district to reside in Port Victoria. Her kindness and help will be greatly missed by all. During the afternoon the friends and residents of the district presented Mrs. Collins with two very useful gifts. Competitions held were won by Miss K. Edwardes and Pattie Mahar. A delicious afternoon tea was served. The happy afternoon concluded with the singing of " Auld Lang Syne."
There was a good attendance on Thursday, May 11, at a euchre party, dance and supper, which was held in aid of the funds of the Wauraltee hall. At the end of 10 games of euchre, the winners were declared, Mrs. H. L. Chambers winning the ladies prize, and Mr. Lyall Newbold the gentleman's prize, the booby prizes going to Margaret Mahar and Bryan Mahar. An enjoyable dance, with the popular pianist, Mrs. David, at the piano. The fund will benefit to the amount of £5.
Euchre and Dance. On Thursday, July 6th, a euchre party and dance was held in the Wauraltee Hall, in aid the local institute funds. After ten games, the winners were declared : First prize for the ladies going to Mrs. A. Carmichael: gentleman's prize. Mr. J. Dollard: booby prizes. Mrs. Hobbs and Mr. L Redding. Then dancing was enjoyed for the remainder of the evening and supper provided by the member of the institute.
A New School. After many years of waiting, a new school of wood and iron has been erected at Wauraltee, and will be opened shortly. The piece of ground on which the new school stands is some distance from the old one, and was presented to the Education Department by the late Mr. R, G. Newbold, of Wauraltee, so that the schoolchildren would have a higher and better-drained playground.
A dance was held in Wauraltee Hall recently in aid of the School Committee funds, which will benefit to the amount of about £7.
At the invitation of Mr. and Mrs. T. H. Mahar, a party of 50 friends and relations (some coming from as far as Yorketown) met in the vicinity of the Wauraltee Beach on Sunday, January 14th, and a most enjoyable time was spent. After a splendid tea, at which many good things were served, the party proceeded to the beach, where bathing was much enjoyed by the young people. Mr. and Mrs. Mahar and family are leaving the Wauraltee district to reside in Minlaton. A farewell social evening was given them some time ago, when a presentation was made by their friends in the district.
Wauraltee Red Cross Circle. On Tuesday, July 9th, several members of the Wauraltee Circle journeyed to Port Victoria to meet Lady Muriel Barclay-Harvey. With Port Victoria and Urania Circles, members heard a very inspiring address by Her Ladyship. Mrs. E. P. Stow, Director of Red Cross Circles, also gave a very helpful and interesting talk. Since the formation of the Circle October last, members have worked well. There is now a membership of 19. Meetings are held on the last Wednesday of each month, when new work is distributed add finished garments are received. A total of £28 has been forwarded to Headquarters Funds. Since March of this year, the Wauraltee Circle has despatched 12 pairs of socks, 8 pairs pyjamas, 5 cardigans, 14 mufflers, 5 hot water bag covers, 23 Dorothy bags, 2 handkerchiefs, 8 pillow-slips, 1 pair kneecaps, 1 Balaclava cap, 4 facewashers, 3 prs mittens and a quantity of old linen to the Stores Depot. Several very successful functions have been held, and after paying for materials, etc., the Wauraltee Circle ha a credit balance of £6.
Combined Schools Concert. The Wauraltee Hall was crowded on Friday night, July 19, when a combined schools concert was given in aid of the School Patriotic Fund. All items were well rendered by the scholars from the following schools: Wauraltee, Koolywturtie, Mt. Rat and Rocky Beach. During the interval a mock court was held for adults, which caused much fun and amusement A supper and dance followed the concert. The splendid sum of over £l3 was taken, a very pleasing effort for these small schools.
On Friday evening, October 18, a very representative party of over 60 friends of the Wauraltee district met at the home of Mr. and Mrs. D. J. Feehan, in the form of a surprise party to Private L. E. (Eddie) Feehan, who is home on leave. A very pleasant musical and card evening was spent. A dainty home-made supper was served, during which a presentation was made by Mr. S. G. Newbold on behalf of residents of Wauraltee to Private Feehan. Mr. M. Newbold expressed the wishes of those present. Private Feehan suitably responded.
A report which appeared in last week's issue under the heading "Social to a Soldier," was not quite accurate, although printed according to copy. At the request of the promoters of the social we publish the following : The social was arranged by the Wauraltee people and held in their local hall on Saturday, October 19, as a send-off to one of their local boys. Private L. E. Feehan. His family and that of Lance Corporal L. K. Tonkin and Private Stan Davies were also invited to be present. One of the most pleasing features of the evening was that every member of both the Feehan and Tonkin families was present Mr. R. J. Newbold, was Chairman and on behalf of the Wauraltee people wished the boys 'good luck, a service Mr. H. L. Chambers did for the Koolywurtie people. Mr Chambers also rendered two solos during the evening. Dancing started with the polonaise, led by the soldiers, in which Mrs. D. J. Feehan, mother of one the soldiers, took an enjoyable part A beautiful supper was served by the ladies, and 'Auld Lang Syne' concluded the evening's entertainment.
Sponsored and arranged by the "Younger Set " belonging to the Mt. Rat Church of England, a very delightful little dance held in the Wauraltee Hall on October 31. Mr. Stan Cook acted as M.C., a position which he ably filled, and with the assistance of good music kept the evening without a dull moment. Competitive dances were won by Mr. and Mrs. Marshall and Miss Joan Chambers and Rex Newbold. Visitors from Curramuika, Koolywurtie, Port Victoria and Urania being present. The takings for the evening amounted to £ over of which 25% of the net proceeds will be donated to one of the local patriotic funds. An excellent supper was served. Dancing continued until 1 o'clock.
A very successful Sports Day in aid of the local Red Cross Circle was held at Wauraltee. During the day the spectators were treated to some firstclass ring events, of which Mr. S. J. Leighton was the judge. A good crowd assembled in the evening and danced to the strains of Mr S. Brown's Koolywurtie Orchestra. The nett result, £40/12/6, was considered a very fine effort. Trophies won during the day were presented in the evening.
On March 16th. at Wauraltee a gift evening was tendered Miss Joan Chambers prior to her marriage, when a large gathering of relatives and friends were present. Mr Frank Tonkin, on behalf of those present, wished Miss Chambers all the best for the future, and asked her to accept the many and useful gifts. Miss Chambers suitably responded. Dancing, supper and Auld Lang Syne brought a very happy evening to a close. Music was supplied by the Koolywurtie Orchestra.
On Monday evening, Nov. 11th, at the invitation of Mrs H. Thiele and Mr W. J. McMahon. daughter and son of Mr .and Mrs J. T. McMahon, friends and relatives gathered in the Wauraltee Hall to celebrate the occasion of the 50th Anniversary of their parents marriage. From the arrival of the guests to the singing of Auld Lang Syne, the evening was of a most enjoyable and bright nature. Mr W. J. Mc Mahon very creditable performed the duties of M C. Two novelty dances were conducted during the evening, Mr. Rex Newbold and Miss Ella Gregor being (he winners on both occasions. Mr Sid Newbold congratulated Mr and Mrs McMahon Snr. on their fine achievement in completing the 50th year of their united life, and wished them all the best in the years to come. Mr A. J. Carmichael, with well-chosen words, made a presentation of two easy chairs and cushion from several of the residents to the guests. They were also recipients of further presents. Father Harry, their Parish Priest who had journeyed from Maitland to be present, delighted the gathering with his speech, which was a combination of seriousness, humor and original wit. At this juncture some thoughtful young lass very appropriately showered the bride and bridegroom most liberally with confetti. The bridegroom of 50 years then very suitably responded, thanking all concerned and wishing all present the same good fortune that he and his bride had had, in being spared to celebrate their Golden Wedding. The assembly then sat down to a supper, grand and plenty, including a beautiful wedding cake, which the bride cut without the assistance of the bridegroom. Incidentally their granddaughter, Coral McMahon, was enjoying her 11th birthday, so all joined in singing "Happy Birthday'' in honor of Coral. All are now looking forward to Nov. 11, 1956. when it would be most pleasing indeed to enjoy a similar evening in honor of the guests' Diamond Wedding and Coral's 21st birthday. Don't smoke near Haystacks, Growing Crops, or in Dry Pastures. It's too risky.
It is seventy-four years since Mr. and Mrs. Robert Newbold settled at Wauraltee. They were among the first settlers there and came from Jervis Bay to Port Victoria with their four children in the old ketch "Lurline" which, until a few years ago, traded to Yorke Peninsula Ports. She now rests off Sellicks Beach.
The Newbold family grew after arrival at Wauraltee, and four daughters survive. They are Mrs. Thos. Brown (Koolywurtie), Mrs. E. S. Tuckwell (Blackwood). Mrs. L. S. Andrew Wauraltee and Mrs. P. C. Manuel, of Prospect. The elder daughter of Mr. Manuel. Mrs. W. Litsler, Koolywurtie. recently arranged a reunion dinner at her home for her mother and aunts, which they greatly enjoyed. Mrs. Brown, who was eleven years of age when the family arrived at Wauraltee, has some very clear recollections of those early days and of the trip in the "Lurline." It took a week on the way, they called at Mlnlacowie—the first ship ever to enter the port, Mrs. Brown believes — and were carried ashore by the sailors, receiving a warm welcome from a Mrs. Sherriff, who lived near the landing place. This lady entertained passengers and crew at a sumptuous dinner.
When the family arrived at Wauraltee they took up residence in two rooms constructed of pug and stone, the parents and two daughters sleeping in the house, the two sons in a tent. Seven years afterwards, the "Old Newbold Home" was built by a Yorketown tradesman, with limestone grown on the spot. Robert Newbold burnt his own lime.
Four generations have lived in the house—Robert, George, Tom and Peter. A few weeks ago, it was sold out of the family.
Diggers— Listen in to the 5AD network every Thursday evening at 10.05 p.m. for the R.S.L. broadcast.

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