Source: http://english-for-techies.net/machine-tools/non-conventional_machining.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 22:22:07+00:00

Document:
1 The rise of CNC machine tools is not the only high-energy trend in manufacturing technology. At least as important is the emergence of so-called "non-conventional" machine tools. Conventional machining processes (such as milling and turning) remove material by applying forces on the material with a cutting tool that is harder than the material. Such forces induce plastic deformation within the workpiece leading to shear deformation and chip formation.
2 Many non-conventional machine tools rely on thermal processes instead; electrodischarge or spark erosion machining (an alternative to milling), laser beam machining, plasma arc machining, and electron beam machining (all alternatives to cutting). Other non-conventional machine tools rely on mechanical processes that don't use shearing as their primary source of energy, such as ultrasonic machining (an alternative to milling) and waterjet machining (an alternative to cutting). For example, waterjet machining uses mechanical energy, but material is removed by erosion. Yet other non-conventional machine tools are based on chemical or electro-chemical processes.
3 Originally, non-conventional machine tools were developed specifically for workpiece materials that are difficult or impossible to shape using traditional processes. These can be stronger materials of high strength, or materials with high abrasive wear. In the first case, conventional machining is inadequate because it's time-consuming and leads to unacceptable tool wear. In the second case, conventional machining falls short because the tool bit can cause surface cracks and residual stresses in brittle materials.
1/ emergence (n) § 1 émergence ou apparition ?
2/ non-conventional (a) § 1 spécial ou non conventionnel ?
3/ conventional (a) § 1 conventionnel ou normal ?
4/ material (n) § 1 matériau ou matériel ?
5/ thermal (a) § 2 thermique ou thermal ?
6/ alternative (n) § 2 alternative ou substitut ?

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