Source: http://shark.lib.kagawa-u.ac.jp/kuir/detail/264020120327035236
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 13:07:13+00:00

Document:
In order to clarify the genetical relationship between the species of the genus Vicia in the section Faba, karyotypic and isozymatic studies were carried out. The species examined were V. narbonensis, V. serratifolia, V. galilaea, V. johannis and V. hyaeniscyamus known as the V. narbonensis species group, as well as the species V. faba and V. bithynica. Considerable differences were observed between the karyotypes of the species in the group of V. narbonensis and those of the species V. faba and V. bithynica, in regard to the relative length of satellite chromosomes and the ratio of short arm to long arm of each chromosome. Among the species of the V. narbonensis group, some variations were observed in the size of the satellite chromosome and the shape of submedian chromosomes. Isozyme patterns and morphological characters were also varied between the species. However, based on the observed karyotypes, morphological characters and the isozyme band patterns, clearer genetical relationships were deduced for the examined species. It is presumed that V. faba, V. bithynica and the V. narbonensis species group, are remote from each other. It is suggested, however, that V. galilaea is the most evoluted in the V. narbonensis group, and is an intermidiate between this group and between V. faba. Within the V. narbonesis species group, a more closer relationship is suggested between the pairs: V. narbonensis-V. serratifolia and V. johannis-V. hyaeniscyamus.
ソラマメおよびその近縁種の遺伝的類縁性を明らかにするため, それぞれの種の核型ならびにアイソザイムパターンの観察を行った.供試材料はFaba節に属するVicia faba, V. bithynicaおよびV. narbonensis, V. serratifolia, V. galilaea, V. johannis, V. hyaeniscyamus(以上の5種はV. narbonensis近縁種群)の7種の各系統である. 核型はソラマメの2n=12以外はすべて2n=14で, 付随体染色体, 次中部染色体および各染色体の短腕と長腕との割合で種の特徴を示した. すなわちV. fabaおよびV. bithynicaとほかのV. narbonensis近縁種群との間でそれぞれきわめて明瞭な差異がみられた. しかしV. narbonensis近縁種に属する種間ではその差異は少なかった. さらにアイソザイムパターンと外部形態からも各種間の類縁性を推定したところ, V. faba, V. bithynicaおよびV. narbonensis近縁種群のそれぞれの間では著しい特性の差異が認められ, 類縁性が低いことが判明した. さらにV. narbonensis近縁種の間ではV. narbonensisとV. serratifolia, V. johannisとV. hyaeniscyamusとはそれぞれ類縁度が高く, V. galilaeaはこれらの4種との間で類縁性が若干低かった. またV. fabaとV. galilaeaとの間では他のいずれの種よりも高い類似性が認められた. 以上の結果から, V. galilaeaがV. narbonensis近縁種群のうちで最も進化した型と考えられ, またV. fabaとは他の種よりも近縁であると推察された.

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