Source: http://lawlibrary.chanrobles.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=45853:142609&amp;catid=1459&amp;Itemid=566
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 02:30:50+00:00

Document:
SEASTAR MARINE SERVICES, INC. AND CICERO L. MALUNDA, Petitioners, v. LUCIO A. BUL-AN, JR., Respondent.
This is a Petition for Review under Rule 45 of the Rules of Civil Procedure, as amended, of the Resolution1 of the Court of Appeals (CA) dated April 29, 1999, dismissing the petition for certiorari filed by petitioner Seastar Marine Services, Inc. (Seastar), as well as the Resolution2 dated February 29, 2000, denying the motion for reconsideration thereof.
On April 28, 1995, the respondent boarded the M/V Blue Topaz off the coast of Castellon, Spain, with a complement composed mostly of Filipinos.4 Shortly thereafter, or on June 16, 1995, Chief Mate Benjamin A. Paruginog mauled the respondent, causing bodily harm and physical injuries to the latter. The respondent immediately reported the incident to Master Captain Stumpe Luitje Jacobus, who assured him that he would settle the matter with Paruginog.
In a Letter5 dated June 17, 1995, Captain Jacobus reported to his superiors at the Topaz Seal Shipping Company, Ltd. that the respondent was uncooperative, refused to obey his orders and those of the chief officer, and often pretended to be ill in order to be "free of duty." The Captain expressed his fears of getting into serious trouble in the future with the respondent, and for this reason, wanted to "have this man relieved." A note was inserted below the letter indicating that the respondent had left without permission on "the evening of June 26 at Villanueva, Spain." The letter was countersigned by several crew members, including Paruginog.
In a Letter7 dated August 20, 1995 addressed to petitioner Malunda, Paruginog reported the respondent's unusual behavior since boarding the ship, and the circumstances leading to the latter's disembarkation. He denied the respondent's allegations that he (Paruginog) made threats to kill the respondent. Thereafter, Captain Jacobus reiterated his complaints on the respondent's work and uncooperative attitude in another Letter8 to his superiors dated August 21, 1995. The Captain explained that he was watching out for the respondent for fear that the latter would force the crew "to do something" so that he (the respondent) could get a free ticket home.
Because of the Captain's refusal to take him back as a member of the complement of the ship, the respondent was forced to seek help from the Philippine Embassy at Barcelona, Spain, and executed an Affidavit9 on the matter on June 30, 1995. The respondent was left with no other recourse but to return to the Philippines on July 4, 1995.
Thereafter, the respondent filed a complaint for illegal dismissal with prayer for payment of back wages, as well as actual, moral and exemplary damages against the petitioners. The complaint was docketed as OCW Case No. 00-10-00400-95. The complainant alleged that due to the Captain's refusal to accept him upon his return to the ship, he was forced to return to the Philippines. He immediately reported the matter to the petitioners, but instead of receiving assistance, he was even scolded for returning home. Thus, he sent two letters to the petitioners dated July 12, 1995 and August 2, 1995, demanding the payment of his wages from April 26, 1995 to July 5, 1995. Since his demands were not acted upon, he was constrained to file the case for illegal dismissal.
His actuation or manifestation of himself as the Captain, who is part owner of the vessel, described him, complainant is "just like he lost his common sense."
At the beginning, that is, after about a week on board, he confronted the Master of the vessel and told him "that the vessel was too small for him and too many work." Just the same, he was told by the Master that he "still have to stay your tour." Complainant continuous (sic) to disobey his master and officers and behave indifferently as if he is mentally ill.
On June 26, 1995, while the vessel was anchored at Villanueva, Spain, complainant abandoned ship and was not found until he was reported to the local authorities who located him at Stella Maris Seaman's Club. He claimed that because of fear to be killed or thrown over board by the Chief Officer who is also a Filipino, he abandoned ship and hide (sic) at said Club.
The labor arbiter ruled that the petitioner was dismissed without just cause. According to the labor arbiter, the allegation that the respondent was insane was not proven by the petitioners and, as such, the presumption of sanity in favor of the respondent remained unrebutted. Furthermore, considering that the respondent was not given any notice prior to his dismissal, the petitioners failed to observe the twin requirement of notice and hearing, which constitute the essential elements of due process in cases of employee dismissal. The labor arbiter, likewise, stated that the duration of the respondent's contract with the petitioners was for nine months at $350.00 (approximately P9,100.00). Since the respondent's services were unjustly terminated only after two (2) months of employment, without his wages having been paid, the labor arbiter ruled that the respondent was entitled to "the full reimbursement of the placement fee with interest at twelve percent (12%) per annum, plus salaries for the unexpired portion of his employment contract or for three (3) months for every year of the unexpired term, whichever is less," conformably to Section 10, paragraph 6 of Republic Act No. 8042, otherwise known as the Migrant Worker's Act. Citing Reta v. NLRC,12 the labor arbiter awarded actual damages in favor of the respondent for the petitioners' failure to observe due process. Moral and exemplary damages were also awarded in accordance with the ruling of the Court in Maglutac v. NLRC,13 including attorney's fees.
The petitioners assailed the decision of the labor arbiter before the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC). The appeal was docketed as NLRC NCR CA Case No. 014485-98.
WHEREFORE, the instant appeal is hereby DISMISSED for lack of merit and the appealed decision, dated 19 November 1997 of Labor Arbiter Ariel Cadiente Santos, is AFFIRMED.
The motion for reconsideration of the petitioners was, likewise, denied by the NLRC for lack of merit in a Resolution17 dated January 12, 1999.
On April 14, 2000, the petitioners filed a Petition for Review on Certiorari under Rule 65 of the Rules of Court, as amended, before the Court of Appeals. However, the petitioners failed to allege the date when they filed their motion for reconsideration of the resolution of the NLRC dismissing their petition. Thus, in a Resolution18 dated April 29, 1999, the appellate court dismissed the petition on such ground, ruling that it had no other way of determining the timeliness of the filing of the petition, conformably to Sections 3 and 5, Rule 46 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure.
The petitioners then filed a Motion for Reconsideration with Prayer for Leave to Admit Amended Petition on June 2, 1999, which the appellate court, likewise, denied on February 29, 2000.
A. PETITIONERS SUBSTANTIALLY COMPLIED WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTIONS 3 AND 5, RULE 46 OF THE 1997 RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE.
B. IN ANY CASE, THE TIMELINESS OF THE FILING OF THE PETITION FOR CERTIORARI SHOULD BE RECKONED FROM DATE OF PETITIONERS' OFFICIAL RECEIPT OF THE NLRC RESOLUTION DATED 12 JANUARY 1999 ON 28 APRIL 1999.
i) THE PRIVATE RESPONDENT BUL-AN WAS DISMISSED FOR A JUST AND VALID CAUSE AND WITH DUE PROCESS BY PETITIONERS.
ii) THE LABOR ARBITER FAILED TO CONDUCT TRIAL ON THE MERITS ALTHOUGH THE FACTS AND ISSUES INVOLVED WARRANT SUCH TRIAL.
iii) THE PRIVATE RESPONDENT IS NOT ENTITLED TO ANY OF HIS PECUNIARY CLAIMS.
The petitioners beg the Court's indulgence, and seek the nullification of the resolution of the CA dismissing the petition on purely technical grounds. The petitioners stress that they begged for leave to file an amended petition indicating the date of the filing of their motion for reconsideration. The petitioners allege that they substantially complied with the requirements of Sections 3 and 5, Rule 46 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, considering that the motion for reconsideration of the NLRC decision was attached to the petition as Annex "B" thereof, where the date of the denial of the said motion for reconsideration was indicated.20 Citing the ruling of the Court in Evangelista v. Mendoza,21 the petitioners contend that annexes which are attached to the pleading are to be read and considered as a part thereof, and as such, the petitioners insist that the timeliness of the filing of the petition for certiorari may easily be determined from the petition itself. The petitioners claim that, in any case, the timeliness of the filing of the petition should be reckoned from the date of official receipt of a copy of the resolution of the NLRC denying their motion for reconsideration, or on April 28, 1999.
The petitioners further contend that the respondent was validly dismissed on the ground of willful disobedience of the lawful orders of the representatives of his employers, and gross and habitual neglect of his duties, as provided for under Article 282, paragraphs (a) and (b) of the Labor Code. They assert that adequate and sufficient proof was presented to prove the respondent's gross insubordination and habitual neglect.
The petitioners further allege that the NLRC had acted without or in excess of jurisdiction when it upheld the labor arbiter's ruling. It was incumbent upon the NLRC to remand the case to the labor arbiter, considering that the material and factual issues involving the circumstances of the respondent's separation from employment could only be properly addressed and resolved in such proceedings. Furthermore, considering that the respondent was dismissed for a just and valid cause, the award for unpaid salaries, salaries accruing for the unexpired portion of his contract, actual damages, moral damages and attorney's fees was unjustified. No bad faith could be attributed to the petitioners for the dismissal of the respondent; hence, petitioner Malunda could not be held personally and solidarily liable with petitioner Seastar.
For his part, the respondent claims that the CA did not err in dismissing the petition for having been filed out of time. Furthermore, the appellate court was correct in affirming the decision of the NLRC and in finding that the respondent was illegally dismissed. Considering that the findings of administrative agencies are accorded not only respect but also finality, the appellate court was correct in not disturbing the factual findings of the labor arbiter as affirmed by the NLRC.
The determinative issue in the case at bar is whether or not the Court of Appeals erred in dismissing the petitioners' petition under Rule 65 of the Rules of Court, as amended, on the ground of the petitioners' failure to indicate the date of receipt of the Resolution of the NLRC denying their motion for reconsideration in the petition before the appellate court.
It is settled that a judicial admission is binding on the person who makes it, and absent any showing that it was made through palpable mistake, no amount of rationalization can offset such admission.28 Thus, the Court cannot countenance nor consider the petitioners' claim of actual receipt of the copy of the NLRC resolution on an altogether different date without even an explanation therefor.
Movants contend that the timeliness of their petition can be determined from its Annex "B" (which forms part of the petition) stating, among others, that they filed their motion for reconsideration of the NLRC decision on December 10, 1998.
Assuming that movants' contention is in order, still their petition is dismissible as it was filed five days late.
Even if the Court were to disregard the merits of the instant case, the petition is still destined to fail.
Should the parties fail to agree upon an amicable settlement, either in whole or in part, during the conferences, the Labor Arbiter shall issue an order stating therein the matters taken up and agreed upon during the conferences and directing the parties to simultaneously file their respective verified position papers.
Those verified position papers shall cover only those claims and causes of action raised in the complaint excluding those that may have been amicably settled, and shall be accompanied by all the supporting documents including the affidavits of their respective witnesses which shall take the place of the latter's direct testimony. The parties shall, thereafter, not be allowed to allege facts, or present evidence to prove facts, not referred to and any cause or causes of action not included in the complaint or position papers, affidavits, and other documents. Unless otherwise requested in writing by both parties, the Labor Arbiter shall direct both parties to submit simultaneously their position papers/memorandum with the supporting documents and affidavits within fifteen (15) calendar days from the date of the last conference, with proof of having furnished each other with copies thereof.
Section 4. Determination of Necessity of Hearing. - Immediately after the submission by the parties of their position papers/memorandum, the Labor Arbiter shall motu proprio determine whether there is a need for a formal trial or hearing. At this stage, he may, at his discretion and for the purpose of making such determination, ask clarificatory questions to further elicit facts or information, including but not limited to the subpoena of relevant documentary evidence, if any from any party or witness.
Section 5. Period to Decide Case. - (a) Should the Labor Arbiter find it necessary to conduct a hearing, he shall issue an order to that effect setting the date or dates for the same which shall be determined within ninety (90) days from initial hearing.
He shall render his decision within thirty (30) calendar days, without extension, after the submission of the case by the parties for decision, even in the absence of stenographic notes: Provided, however, that OFW cases shall be decided within ninety (90) calendar days after the filing of the complaint and the acquisition by the labor arbiter of jurisdiction over the parties.
WHEREFORE, the instant petition is DENIED. The assailed Resolutions of the Court of Appeals, dated April 29, 1999 and February 29, 2000, are AFFIRMED. Costs against the petitioners.
1 Penned by Associate Justice Angelina Sandoval Gutierrez (now an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court), with Associate Justices Romeo A. Brawner and Martin S. Villarama, Jr., concurring.
5 CA Rollo, p. 29.
7 CA Rollo, pp. 31-32.
10 Respondent's Position Paper, pp. 2-3; CA Rollo, pp. 34-35.
12 232 SCRA 613 (1994).
13 189 SCRA 767 (1990).
14 160 SCRA 691 (1988).
17 Annex "L," Id. at 110.
21 1 SCRA 337 (1961).
22 243 SCRA 680 (1995).
23 360 SCRA 521 (2001).
25 University of Immaculate Concepcion, et al. v. Secretary of Labor and Employment, et al., G.R. No. 143557, June 25, 2004.
27 CA Rollo, p. 7.
28 See Heirs of Miguel Franco v. Court of Appeals, 418 SCRA 60 (2003).
30 Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 412 SCRA 263 (2003).
31 CBL Transit, Inc. v. NLRC, et al., G.R. No. 128425, March 11, 2004.
32 Shoppes Manila, Inc. v. NLRC, et al., G.R. No. 147125, January 14, 2004.
33 306 SCRA 324 (1999).
35 Id. at 325-326; Abiera v. NLRC, 215 SCRA 476 (1992); Llora Motors, Inc. v. Drilon, 179 SCRA 175 (1989).
36 The Rules of Procedure of the NLRC, as amended by Resolution No. 3-99, Series of 1999, was further amended by Resolution No. 01-02, Series of 2002, on February 12, 2002. The amendment took effect on March 18, 2002.

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