Source: http://mccagueborlack.com/emails/articles/torts-flow.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 23:58:01+00:00

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In Lloyd v. Imperial Parking Ltd, the Court held that "[a] fundamental implied term of any employment relationship is that the employer will treat the employee with civility, decency, respect and dignity."1 The exact standard that the employer must adhere to depends on the particular work environment. If that standard is breached, the employee can make a claim for damages.
In order for a claim for mental distress to succeed, there must be evidence of some actionable wrong apart from the issue of the notice of termination.2 Mental distress must be the effect of a breach of contract, such as the manner of dismissal or the failure to give proper notice — it is not the dismissal itself.
The Court also held that the reasonable notice period could be extended if the employer engaged in bad faith conduct in the relation to the termination. However, the Supreme Court of Canada overruled the Wallace decision in Keays v. Honda Canada Inc.5 In Keays, the Court held that an employer's bad faith or misconduct should be considered under other heads of damage, such as aggravated or punitive damages and/or mental distress.
The operative feature of this tort is intent. This tort most commonly arises in cases where there is psychological harassment or bullying in the workplace.
NOTE: Not every allegation of just cause that is not successful at trial will result in a Wallace increment of damages. So long as an employer has a reasonable basis on which to believe it can dismiss an employee for cause, the employer has the right to take that position without fear that failure to succeed on the point will automatically expose it to a finding of bad faith.
Inducement occurs when an employer or its agent, convinces or entices a person employed elsewhere, to leave their secure employment and become an employee of their business; shortly after the employee transitions into the new position, the employee is dismissed.
In the employment law context, contributory negligence may be framed as a consideration of whether or not the terminated employee has mitigated their damages.
A plaintiff claiming wrongful dismissal must take all reasonable steps to mitigate the loss to themself and cannot recover damages for any such losses that could have been avoided, but has failed through unreasonable action or inaction, to avoid. Where the plaintiff does not take steps to mitigate the loss, and these steps are successful, the defendant is entitled to the benefit of accruing from the plaintiff's action, and is liable only for the loss as lessened.
1 1996 CanLII 10543 (AB QB),  A.J. No. 1087 (QL) (Q.B.).
2 Vorvis v. Insurance Corp of British Columbia,  1 S.C.R. 1085 (S.C.C.).
3 CED Employment Law III.9.(d).(ii).P (Ontario)Employment Law (Ontario).
5 2008 CarswllOnt 3743, 2008 CarswellOnt 3744, 66 C.C.E.L. (3d) 159 (S.C.C.) [hereinafter Keays].
6 Prinzo v. Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care (2002), 60 O.R. (3d) 474 (Ont. C.A.) at 48.
7 Pieresferreira v. Ayotte, 2010 ONCA 607 (CanLII).
8 Dickinson v. Northern Telecom Canada Ltd. (1985), 7 C.C.E.L. 139.

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