Source: https://vestnik.utmn.ru/eng/nature/vypuski/2018-tom-4/1/547119/
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 04:26:40+00:00

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This article analyzes the particulate and dissolved concentrations of metals as well as the pH and conductivity in snow samples collected in Nizhnevartovsk (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia).
This study aims to investigate the sources of atmospheric pollution and to estimate the city’s ecological state. The authors have analyzed metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Mn, Cr, and Ni) in the snowmelt filtrates and snow dust using atomic absorption spectrometry. Urban snow samples have shown raised pH and conductivity values. The soluble metals predominate in the background area; the particulate phase increases on the territory of the city. The particulate phase of urban snow are highly (10-50 times) enriched in Mn, Ni, Fe, and Zn. A large number of particulate metals strongly correlate with each other (r > 0.7), which refers to their common origin — the mineral part of soils. Mn and Fe in high concentrations have been brought with soil dust.
The present study demonstrates significant atmospheric input of trace elements and iron to the urban snow. The level of pollution on the territory of Nizhnevartovsk can be defined as high and dangerous. However, there has been a positive trend. Trace-metal concentrations, measured in snow samples from the 2016 season, were generally lower than concentrations in snow from 2009-2010. A low lead content in the snow of Nizhnevartovsk was noted in comparison with the data of the 1990s as a result of using unleaded petrol.
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