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The basis of the present edition of Socrates' Ecclesiastical History is the translation in Bagster's series mentioned in the Introduction, Part IV. The changes introduced, however, are numerous. The translation was found unnecessarily free; so far as the needs of the English idiom require freedom no fault could, of course, have been found with the translation; but the divergences from the original in multitudes of cases were not warranted by any such need; they were more probably induced by the prevailing style of rhetoric common in the days when the translation was made. The change which has gradually come about in this respect called for modifications in the present edition. Many more might have been introduced without damage to the work. But it was felt that the scope and purpose of the edition only called for the most necessary of these changes.
In the preparation of the notes the editions of Hussey and Reading, containing Valesius' and Reading's annotations, were freely used. Whenever a note was taken bodily from these, it has been quoted and duly credited. It was thought best, however, usually to condense and reduce the number and bulk of these notes and introduce sparingly such new notes as were suggested by more recent study in ecclesiastical history.
The Introduction is almost altogether dependent on the literature quoted in Part I. The writer claims no original discovery respecting Socrates or his work. The facts had been diligently collected by his predecessors; he has simply rearranged them and put them into expression such as, to his mind, suits the requirements of the plan of the series.
U. Chevalier in his Repertoire des sources historiques du Moyen Age gives the following list of authorities on Socrates Scholasticus.
Baronius:* Ann.  439, 39. Cf. Pagi, Crit.  9, 11, 427, 15-6.
Bellarmin Labbé: S. E.  164.
Cave:* S. E.  I. 427.
Du Pin:* Bibl. Aut Eccl.  III. ii. 183.
Graesse:* Trésor  VI. 1, 429.
Hoffmann: Lex. Bibl. Gr.  III. 625-6.
Holzhausen: Commentatio de fontibus quibus Socrates, Sozomenus ac Theodoretus usi sunt, &c. Götting. 1825.
Nouvelle Biog. Gen.:*  XLIV. 127-8.
Nolte:  Tübing. Quartalschrift  518;  417-51.
Patrologia Græca* (Migné) LXVII. 9-26.
Sigebert: Gembl. S. E. 10.
Tillemont:  Hist. des Emp.  VI. 119-22.
Walford:  in Bohn's Eccl. Libr. VI. 1853.
F. C Baur: Die Epochen der Kirchlichen Geschichtschreibung Tübing. 1852, p. 7-32.
J. G. Dowling: An Introduction to the Critical Study of Ecclesiastical History.
Ad. Harnack: In Herzog-Plitt's Real Enkyclop. vol. 14, Sokrates und Sozomenos and in Encyclop. Britannica, Socrates.
K. O. Müller: History of Greek Literature: English translation and continuation by Donaldson, Vol. III.
Jeep: Quellenuntersuchungen zu der griech. Kirchenhistorikern. Leipsic, 1884.
Sarrazin: De Theodoro Lectore, Theophanis Fonte præcipuo, 1881.
Stäudlin: Gesch. und Literatur der Kirchen-geschichte, 1827.
Overbeck: Theol. Liter.-Zeitung, 1879. No. 20.
Also articles on Socrates in Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (by John Calrow Means) and Smith and Wace: Dictionary of Christian Biography (William Milligan), as well as passing notices in standard ecclesiastical histories such as Neander, Hase, Killen, Schaff, &c., and Introductory notices of Valesius (Hussey), Parker, Bright, &c.
 All works marked with a star in Chevalier's list were used in the present edition, and all but two or three of those added to the list of Chevalier.
 Nolte's article is on the textual emendations needed in the edition of Socrates. The text of our historian has not been as thoroughly and completely examined and corrected as other writings. Valesius' edition (Hussey) gives an account of a few mss. examined by himself; nothing further has been done of any importance. It is to be hoped that Gebhardt and Harnack may find it convenient to incorporate a new collation and revision in their Texte und Untersuchungen.
 E. Walford, A.M., appears as the translator of Sozomen, not of Socrates. See IV. of Introduction, note 6.
We cannot but regret the fact that the age in which Socrates lived cared little, if at all, about recording the lives of its literary men. The only sources of information in this respect are the writings themselves of these literary men and the public records, in case they held the double character of literary men and political or ecclesiastical officials. As Socrates did not participate in the public affairs of his day, our information respecting him is confined to the scanty and incidental items we may gather from his history. As he was not very fond of speaking of himself, these data are few and often of doubtful significance. In fact, the reconstruction of his biography from these scattered items is a matter of difficult critical investigation.
He was born in Constantinople.  He nowhere mentions his parents or ancestry, and no information has reached us on this point from any other source. The year of his birth is inferred from what he says of his education at the hands of the grammarians Helladius and Ammonias.  These grammarians were originally Egyptian priests living in Alexandria--the former of Jupiter, and the latter of Pithecus (Simius); they fled from their native city in consequence of the disturbances which followed the cleansing of the Mithreum and destruction of the Serapeum by the bishop Theophilus. It appears that at that time an open conflict took place between the pagans and Christians, and many of the pagans having taken part in the tumult, laid themselves open to criminal prosecution, and to avoid this, took refuge in other cities,--a large number of them naturally in Constantinople. TheChronicon of Marcellinus puts this event in the consulship of Timasius and Promotus, i.e. 389 a.d. Now, as Socrates was very young  when he came to these grammarians, and it was the custom to send children to the schools at the age of ten, Valesius has reasoned that Socrates must have been born in 379; others have named 380  as a more probable date for this event. Other data for ascertaining the exact date of Socrates' birth are of very doubtful significance. He speaks, for instance, of Auxanon,  a Novatian presbyter, from whom he had received certain information; but as Auxanon lived till after the accession of Theodosius the Younger in 408 a.d., it is impossible to draw any conclusion from this fact. So again Socrates mentions the patriarchate of Chrysostom in Constantinople (398-403) as if he had received his information at second hand,  and thus implies that he was perhaps too young to be an interested eye-witness of the events of that period. But how young he was we cannot infer from this fact; and so cannot take the patriarchate of Chrysostom as a starting-point for our chronology of Socrates' life. Still another item that might have served as a datum in the case, had it been definitely associated with a known event in Socrates' career, is his mention of a dispute between the Eunomians and Macedonians which took place in Constantinople in 394.  If he were an eye-witness of this quarrel, he must have been old enough to take an interest in it, hence about fourteen or fifteen years of age. But this conclusion, even though it coincides exactly with the date found previously (379), is not at all certain, as he does not state that he was an eye-witness; and if the reasoning is correct, then he was not too young to be interested in the events of Chrysostom's patriarchate which occurred a little later. Thus, on the whole, while it is extremely probable that Valesius is right in setting the date of Socrates' birth in 379, this event may have taken place several years later.
Although there is no distinct mention of his ever having left the great city,  it is improbable that, like his great Athenian namesake, he was averse to traveling. In fact, his frequent mention of the customs of Paphlagonians, Thessalians, Cyprians, and others with minuteness of detail, rather gives the impression that he had visited these places.
This year is the last definitely mentioned in his work. He must have lived, however, until some time after that date, as he speaks of a revision of the first two books of the History.  How much later it is impossible to tell: it was not certainly till after the end of Theodosius' reign; for then he would have brought down his history to that event, and thus completed his seventh book according to the plan, which is evident in his whole work, of assigning one complete book to each one of the emperors comprised in his period.
Of the character of Socrates as a man we know as little as of the events of his life. Evidently he was a lover of peace, as he constantly speaks with abhorrence of the atrocities of war, and deprecates even differences in theological standpoint on account of the strife and ill-feeling which they engender.
Socrates' knowledge of Latin has been inferred from his use of Rufinus,  but Dodwell  conjectures that Socrates read Rufinus in a Greek translation, and that such translation had been made by Gelasius.
On the other hand, Valesius, followed by most of the more recent writers on Socrates, claims that all these facts are due to the extreme impartiality of the historian, his sense of the justice due to a sect whose good he appreciated, together with his lack of interest in the differences between their standpoint and that of the Catholics. Socrates treats other heretical sects with the same generous consideration, e.g. the Arian Goths, whose death he records as a martyrdom;  and yet he has never been suspected of inclining towards Arianism. At the same time he mentions the Novatians as distinct from the Catholic Church,  and everywhere implies that the Church for him is the latter.
To account for the apparently different conclusions to which these two series of considerations point, some have assumed that Socrates had been a Novatian, but before the writing of his history had either gradually drifted into the Catholic Church, or for reasons of prudence had severed his connection with the lesser body and entered the state church, retaining, however, throughout his whole course a strong sympathy for the communion of his earlier days.  Others attribute his favorable attitude towards Novatianism to his general indifference for theological refinements, others to mere intellectual sympathy for their tenets. In the absence of any definite utterance of his own on the subject, a combination of the last two motives comes nearest to sufficiently explaining the position of Socrates, although his rather unappreciative estimate of Chrysostom  and his severe censure of Cyril of Alexandria  are both more easily accounted for on the ground of a more intimate relation between the historian and the Novatians, as both of the above-named eminent men were declared enemies of Novatianism.
In other respects it cannot be doubted that the creed of Socrates was very simple and primitive. The one essential article in it was the doctrine of the Trinity; all others were subordinate. Even as to the Trinity, he would have accepted a much less rigid definition than the one propounded at Nicæa. As, however, the latter had been generally adopted by the church, he finds himself defending it against Arianism as well as against all sorts of compromise. He believed in the inspiration of the great synods as well as in that of the Scriptures, and was satisfied to receive without questioning the decisions of the former as he did the teachings of the latter. He was not, however, particular about the logical consequences of his theological positions, but ready to break off upon sufficient extra-theological reasons. His warm defense of Origen and arraignment of Methodius, Eustathius, Apollinaris, and Theophilus,  for attempting to belittle the great Alexandrian, shows how his admiration of a genius came into and modified his estimates. He considered all disputes on dogmatic statements as unnecessary and injurious, due to misunderstanding; and this chiefly because the parties in the dispute did not take pains to understand one another, and perhaps did not desire to do so because of personal jealousies or previous and private hatreds.  He is willing to refer such lawful questions on doctrinal points as may come before him to the clergy for decision, and is never backward about confessing his ignorance and incompetency to deal with theological refinements.
He makes a cogent defense of the use of pagan writings by Christians,  alleging that some of the pagan writers were not far from the knowledge of the true God; that Paul himself had read and used their works; that the neglect or refusal to use them could only lead to ignorance and inability to meet pagans in debate; that St. Paul's `prove all things, hold fast that which is good,'  and Jesus Christ's `be ye approved bankers'  gave distinct support to the study of the whole field of knowledge; and that whatever is worth studying in non-Christian literature is capable of being separated from the rest and known as the truth. Socrates himself was acquainted more or less extensively with the works of Sophocles, Euripides, Plato, Xenophon, from among the classic writers, besides those of Porphyry, Libanius, Julian, and Themistius of a later period, and perhaps with those of many others.
 So he says in V. 24.  V. 16. On the destruction of the Serapeum, see Sozom. VII. 15; Theodeoret, H. E. V. 22; Nicephor. XII. 25; Eunap. Ædes. par. 77; Suidas, Sarapis. Helladius, according to Suidas, wrote a Dictionary, besides other works. Cf. s. v. 'Elladios.  komide neos on.  Valesius' reasoning is based on the assumption that Socrates was sent to the grammarians as soon as they arrived at Constantinople. If, however, an interval of several years elapsed before his going to them, the date of his birth must be put correspondingly later. The only certainty reached through this datum is that he was born nor earlier than 379.  I. 13 and II. 38.  VI. 3, and hosphasi.  V. 24.  VII. 1 and 2. See note on VII. 1. Socrates speaks of Troilus as a native of Side in Pamphilia, and mentions Eusebius and Silvanus and Alabius (both the latter bishops) as distinguished pupils of Troilus, and finally adds that Anthemius, who during the minority of Theodosius acted as regent, was dependent on the influence of Troilus; in which connection he further adds that Troilus was not inferior to Anthemius in political sagacity.  Professor Milligan, in Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Biography, even says that Socrates assisted Troilus, but adduces no proof for the statement.  I. 16.  IV. 16, end; VII. 37.  II. 16.  I. 40.  II. 16; I. 37.  II. 38 and VI. 23.  VI. 6.  I. 38.  II. 38.  V. 8.  The various meanings of this word may be found in Du Cange's Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Græcitates and in Sophocles' Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods. From its primary meaning of `student' it came to be applied to any one who had passed through study to the professions, of which the advocate's was one. From the absence of the cognomen in Photius' account of Socrates, Bibliotheca Cod. 28, as well as in that of Nicephorus Callisti, H. E. I. 1, Hamburger, as quoted by Fabricius, Bibl. Græc. VII. p. 423, note g, and Ceillier, Auteurs Sacrés, XIII. p. 669, doubt whether the title was rightly applied to him. Valesius argues from internal grounds that Socrates was a layman and a lawyer. Harnack, on the other hand, denies that there is any evidence of juristic knowledge in Socrates' History, even in such passages as I. 30, 31, and V. 18.  VII. 48  II. 1.  I. 12, 19; III. 19; IV. 24, 26.  De jure sacerdotali, p. 278. Cf. on translation by Gelasius, Smith and Wace, Dictionary of Christian Biography, II. p. 621.  Niceph. H. E. I. 1.  Cf. V. 21; VII. 6, 12, 17.  V. 14; VII. 9, 11.  VII. 46.  VII. 25.  IV. 28.  VI. 19.  II. 38; III. 11.  VII. 12.  IV. 28.  VII. 7.  II. 38; VII. 39.  V. 21.  V. 22.  IV. 28; V. 19; VI. 21, 22; VII. 25.  VI. 19 and 21.  VII. 17, 39.  I. 10, 13; II. 38; IV. 28.  V. 10.  IV. 28.  IV. 33.  VI. 20, 23; IV. 28; V. 19; VII. 3.  So Harnack in Herzog-Plitt, Real-Encykl. and Encyclop. Britan.  VI. 3, 4, 5, 15, 18, 19, 21.  VII. 15.  VI. 13, 17; VII. 45.  I. 23; cf. also II. 40, end: all' hopos men tauta echei, &c.  III. 16.  1 Thess. v. 21, with which he combines Col. ii. 8. The latter passage can only be acted upon, according to Socrates, as the ground of a knowledge of that philosophy which is to be guarded against as vain.  Ginesthe dokimoi trapezitai. This saying is sometimes attributed to Paul, but more usually to Jesus. It occurs in Clem. Hom. II. 51; III. 50; XVIII. 20; Ap. Const. 36, 37; Epiph. Hær. 44. 2; Orig. (in Joan.) IV. 283; Clem. Alex. Strom. I. 28; Eus. H. E. VII. 7, 3.  VII. 22.  V. 22.
Until the beginning of the fourth century historiography remained a pagan science. With the exception of the Acts of the Apostles and its apocryphal imitations, no sort of attempt had been made to record even the annals of the Christian Church. At the opening of the fourth century Eusebius conceived the idea of writing a history which should include a complete account of the Church's life to his own days. Hence he has correctly been called the Father of Church History. His work was done so satisfactorily to his contemporaries and immediate successors that none of them undertook to go over the same field again.  They estimated the thoroughness and accuracy of his work much higher than later ages have done. But this respect, which enhanced the magnitude of his work in their eyes, at the same time inspired many of them with a desire to imitate him.
Geographically Socrates' work is limited to the East. The western branch of the church is mentioned in it only as it enters into relations with the eastern. The division of the history into seven books is made on the basis of the succession in the eastern branch of the Roman Empire. The seven books cover the reigns of eight eastern emperors. Two of these reigns--that of Julian (361-363) and that of Jovian (363-364)--were so brief that they are combined and put into one book, but otherwise the books are each devoted to the reign of one emperor. The first book treats of the church under Constantine the Great (306-337); the second, of the period under Constantius II. (337-360); the third, of that under Julian and Jovian taken together (360-364); the fourth, of the church under Valens (364-378); the fifth, of Theodosius the Great (379-395); the sixth, of Arcadius (395-408); and the seventh, to those years of Theodosius the Younger (408-439) which came within the period of Socrates' work.
As the title of the work ('Ekklesiastike ;;Istoria) indicates, the subject is chiefly the vicissitudes and experiences of the Christian Church; but the author finds various reasons for interweaving with the account of ecclesiastical affairs some record also of the affairs of the state. His statement  of these reasons puts first among them the relief his readers would experience by passing from the accounts of the perpetual wranglings of bishops to something of a different character; second, the information which all ought to have on secular as well as ecclesiastical matters; and third, the interlacing of these two lines, on account of which the understanding of the one cannot be full without some knowledge of the other. `By a sort of sympathy,' says he, `the church takes part in the disturbances of the state,' and `since the emperors became Christians, the affairs of the church have become dependent on them, and the greatest synods have been held and are held at their bidding.' It cannot be said, however, that Socrates either thoroughly realized or attempted any systematic treatment of his subject from the point of view of the true relations of church and state; he simply had the consciousness that the two spheres were not as much dissociated as one might assume.
Socrates is generally ignorant of the affairs of the Western Church. He gives a cursory account of Ambrose, but says nothing of the great Augustine, or even of the Donatist controversy, in spite of all its significance and also of the extreme probability that he knew of it; as Pelagius and Celestius, who traveled in the East about this time, could not but have made the Eastern Church acquainted with its details. In speaking of the Arian council of Antioch in 341, he seems to think that the Roman bishop had a sort of veto-power over the decisions of Occidental councils. The only legitimate inference, however, from the language of the bishop's claim is that he thought he had a right to be invited to attend in common with the other bishops of Italy.  So, again, on the duration of the fast preceding Easter among the western churches, he makes the mistaken statement that it was three weeks, and that Saturdays and Sundays were excepted.
Finally, the credence which Socrates gives to stories of miracles and portents must be noted as a blemish in his history. On the other hand, he was certainly not more credulous than his contemporaries in this respect; many of them, if we are to judge from Sozomen as an illustration, were much more so. The age was not accustomed to sifting accounts critically with a view to the elimination of the untrue. Socrates shows in this respect the historical instinct in the matter of distinguishing between various degrees of probability and credibility, but does not seem to exercise this instinct in dealing with accounts of the prodigious.
Socrates' style is characterized by simplicity and perspicuity. From the very start he informs us that he is about to make a new departure in this respect.  Eusebius' language was not entirely satisfactory to him, nor that of older writers.  Hence his own attempt everywhere at plain, unadorned expression. The criticism of Photius,  that Socrates' style `had nothing remarkable about it,' although made in the spirit of censure, is true, and according to Socrates' standard (which is also that of modern times) amounts to a commendation. Socrates, however, was not lacking in good humor and satire,  as well as in appreciation of short and pithy utterances; he often quotes proverbs and epigrammatic sayings,  and knows the influence of the anecdote and reminiscence in interesting the reader.
The value of Socrates' History cannot be overestimated. It will always remain a source of primary importance. Though, as already noted, its ideal as a history is below that set up by Thucydides, Tacitus, and others of an earlier age,--below even that of Eusebius,--yet as a collection of facts and documents in regard to some of the most important events of the church's life it is invaluable. Its account of the great Arian controversy, its details of the Councils of Nicæa, Chalcedon, Constantinople, and Ephesus, besides those of the lesser, local conventions, its biographical items relative to the lives of the emperors, the bishops, and monks--some of whom are of pivotal importance in the movements of the times, its sketches of Ulphilas and Hypatia, its record of the manner and time of the conversion of the Saracens, the Goths, the Burgundians, the Iberians, and the Persians, as well as of the persecution of the Jews, the paschal controversy, not to mention a vast number of other details of minor importance, will always be read and used with the deepest interest by lovers of ecclesiastical history.
 That this was not due to a general conviction that one history of a period rendered another of the same period unnecessary is evident from the fact that the period immediately succeeding is treated of by three successive historians, and that the second of these, at least, knows and uses the work of his predecessor.  Harnack, however, successfully proves that Socrates' ideal of history, in spite of his love for it, was far from being the scientific idea which existed among pagan writers even of the age preceding his own. Cf. Herzog-Plitt, Real-Encyk. Vol. 14, p. 413 sq.  VI. 1.  Cf. II. 1; VI. Int.; VII. 47. This Theodorus is simply addressed as hiere tou theou anthrope, from which it has been rightly inferred that he was an ordained presbyter. The view that Theodore of Mopsuestia is the person addressed has been proved to be erroneous from the date of his death, 429 a.d. The Ecclesiastical History was no doubt completed after that event, and could not have contained an address to the eminent Theodore.  VII. 47.  V. Int.  II. 1. The new information here referred to is drawn from the works of Athanasius, which had come into the hands of the author. Cf. II. 17.  I. Int.; V. 19; VI. Int.  I. 8.  I. 12, 19; II. 1; III. 19; IV. 24, 26.  I. 22.  I. 8; II. 15, 17, 20; III. 10, 25; IV. 12, 22.  V. 24.  I. 24.  II. 28; III. 8.  II. 37.  VI. 13.  III. 7.  IV. 23.  VII. 19-24.  III. 7.  II. 17.  V. 22.  Phot. Biblioth. Cod. 28. alla kai en tois dogmasi ou lian akribes. Whether in this phrase he meant to accuse Socrates with inaccuracy in the narration of facts or indifference to theological dogma is not very clear. Probably the former.  I. 2.  II. 30.  II. 11.  V. 22.  IV. 17.  On the chronology of Socrates, see Harnack and Jeep.  II. 8 and 17.  III. 1, 12, 14, 21, 23.  VI. Int.  VII. 22.  Cf. Sozomen, IX. 1, and Gibbon, IV. 163.  Cf. attitude towards Chrysostom and Cyril of Alexandria, above alluded to; also his censure of pride and contention among members of the clergy. See V. Int. 15, 23; VI. 6; VII. 11, 29.  In Encycl. Britan.  I. 1, ou phraseos onkou phrontizontes ; so in III. 1, medeis epizeteito kompon phraseos; and VI. Int., ,'Isthi de hemas me espoudakenai peri ten phrasin, where he adds that if he had attempted a different style, he might have failed of his purpose of writing a popular history.  VI. 22; VII. 27.  Biblioth. Cod. 28.  III. 16; IV. 22; VI. 13; VII. 21, 34.  II. 8; III. 21; V. 15; VII. 29, 31.
A. Uses made before the First Printed Edition of the Greek Text.
Epiphanius, surnamed Scholasticus, translated the history of Socrates, together with those of Sozomen and Theodoret, under the auspices of Cassiodorus, about the beginning of the sixth century. This translation, under the name of Historiæ Ecclesiasticæ Tripartitæ, consists of twelve books, and was printed at Paris, without date, by Regnault in 8vo; afterwards also at Bâle in 1523, 1528, 1533, 1539, and 1568. It was revised by Beatus Rhenanus, and published in Frankfort on the Main in 1588, together with the history of Eusebius, which was translated and continued by Rufinus. It is also found in the new edition of Cassiodorus printed at Rouen by Jo. Garetius in 1679 and in Venice, 1729. It served as a basis for a French translation by Ægidius Gourlinus (Gille Gourlin), published in Paris in 1538 (cited by Cyaneus), and of a German translation by Caspar Hedio at Strasburg, 1545.
I. Eusebii Pamphili: Hist. EccI. LL. X.; ejd. de Vita Constantini LL. V.; Socratis Hist. Eccl. LL. VII.; Theodoreti Episc. Cyrensis Hist. EccI. LL. V.; Collectaneum ex hist. eccl. Theodori Lectoris LL. II.; Hermiæ Sozomeni Hist. EccI. LL. IX.; Evagrii Hist. Eccl. LL. VI. Lut. Paris, ex off. Rob. Stephani 1544 pridie Cal. Jul.
a. Upon this edition is based a Latin translation by Wolfgang Musculus, Bâle 1544, 1549, 1557, 1594, and one by J. J. Christophorson, bishop of Chichester, Paris 1571, Cologne 1581, Bâle 1570; with notes by Grynæus and by Henricus Petri 1611; incorporated into the Bibliotheca Patrum, ed. Cologne 1618 as Vol. V. and ed. Lyons 1677 as Vol. VII.
b. The Greek text of Stephens and the Latin translation of Christophorson were published together in Geneva, 1612.
Historia Ecclesiastica Socratis, Scholastici, Hermiæ, Sozomeni, &c., ed. Henricus Valesius. Paris 1668. Valesius ostensibly revised the text of Stephens, but as a matter of fact he made a new collation of the ms. used by Stephens, and compared this with mss. in the Vatican, so that his edition amounts to an entirely new work. He also made a new Latin translation and appended numerous notes. This edition was reprinted in Mayence in 1677. Its Latin portion was reprinted in Paris also in 1677. The reprint of Mayence was reproduced under a new title, as if in Amsterdam in 1675.
a. Gul. Reading appended additional notes, and together with the Latin translation of Valesius, published the work in Cambridge in three vols. 1720. Reading's edition was reprinted at Turin in 1746. Valesius' original edition was again reprinted in Oxford by Parker in 1844 and Cura Buckley in London, also in 1844. It was revised and published in Oxford in 3 vols. by R. Hussey in 1853, and again in 1860 and in 1879. Again it was incorporated into Migne's Patrologia Græca as Vol. LXVII. (Petit Montrouge) in 1859, and finally the Greek text alone was revised and published in a single volume by William Bright in Oxford 1878.
In English by Shorting:  The History of the Church as written in Greek by Eusebius, Socrates, and Evagrius [contains also the four books of the Life of Constantine, Constantine's Oration to the Convention of the Saints, and Eusebius' speech in praise of Constantine], translated from the edition of Valesius, with a translation also of Valesius' notes and his account of the lives and writings of those historians. Cambridge 1683, 1692, 1709.
By S. Parker: The Ecclesiastical Histories of Eusebius, Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret....abridged from the originals. London 1707, 3rd ed. 1729.
And Anonymously [E. Walford]  The Greek Ecclesiastical Historians of the first six centuries of the Christian Era in 6 vols. [Socrates Scholasticus' History forms Vol. III. of this series]. London, Samuel Bagster and Sons, 1843-46. This translation was reprinted in Bohn's Ecclesiastical Library, 4 vols., 1851 and 1888, and by Bagster in 1868.
 So Harnack and Jeep. Cf. also Hartranft in the present vol., p. 00.  Theodorus' works were two: (1) An epitome of the histories written previous to his time, and (2) an original history continuing the narrative to the days of Justinian I.  Cf. Mansi, Concil. XII. Coll. 1035 and 1042.  Cf. Woods, Athenæ Oxonienses, Vol. I. p. 326.  So Crusè.  The volume containing Sozomen in this series bears the name of Walford. The translation of Socrates is anonymous, but generally ascribed to Walford also. This cannot be a matter of inference from the appearance of the two historians in the same series, as Eusebius, also in the same series, is translated by Crusè. Those who attribute the translation to Walford give no reason for doing so.

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