Source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/49/5303
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 14:44:21+00:00

Document:
to encourage the continued improvement and evolution of the metropolitan and statewide transportation planning processes by metropolitan planning organizations, State departments of transportation, and public transit operators as guided by the planning factors identified in subsection (h) and section 5304(d).
The term “regional transportation planning organization” means a policy board of an organization established as the result of a designation under section 5304(l).
If a transportation improvement, funded under this chapter or title 23, is located within the boundaries of more than 1 metropolitan planning area, the metropolitan planning organizations shall coordinate plans and TIPs regarding the transportation improvement.
recipients of assistance under section 204 of title 23.
improve the resiliency and reliability of the transportation system.
The metropolitan transportation planning process shall provide for the establishment and use of a performance-based approach to transportation decisionmaking to support the national goals described in section 150(b) of title 23 and the general purposes described in section 5301.
Each metropolitan planning organization shall establish performance targets that address the performance measures described in section 150(c) of title 23, where applicable, to use in tracking progress towards attainment of critical outcomes for the region of the metropolitan planning organization.
Selection of performance targets by a metropolitan planning organization shall be coordinated, to the maximum extent practicable, with providers of public transportation to ensure consistency with sections 5326(c) and 5329(d).
A metropolitan planning organization shall integrate in the metropolitan transportation planning process, directly or by reference, the goals, objectives, performance measures, and targets described in other State transportation plans and transportation processes, as well as any plans developed by recipients of assistance under this chapter, required as part of a performance-based program.
The failure to consider any factor specified in paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not be reviewable by any court under this chapter, title 23, subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, or chapter 7 of title 5 in any matter affecting a transportation plan, a TIP, a project or strategy, or the certification of a planning process.
Proposed transportation and transit enhancement activities, including consideration of the role that intercity buses may play in reducing congestion, pollution, and energy consumption in a cost-effective manner and strategies and investments that preserve and enhance intercity bus systems, including systems that are privately owned and operated.
In addition to the performance measures identified in section 150(c) of title 23, metropolitan planning organizations may evaluate scenarios developed under this paragraph using locally-developed measures.
A TIP developed under this subsection for a metropolitan area shall include the projects within the area that are proposed for funding under this chapter and chapter 1 of title 23.
Regionally significant projects proposed for funding under chapter 2 of title 23 shall be identified individually in the transportation improvement program.
Projects proposed for funding under chapter 2 of title 23 that are not determined to be regionally significant shall be grouped in 1 line item or identified individually in the transportation improvement program.
Within a metropolitan planning area serving a transportation management area, the transportation planning process under this section shall address congestion management through a process that provides for effective management and operation, based on a cooperatively developed and implemented metropolitan-wide strategy, of new and existing transportation facilities eligible for funding under this chapter and title 23 through the use of travel demand reduction (including intercity bus operators, employer-based commuting programs, such as a carpool program, vanpool program, transit benefit program, parking cash-out program, shuttle program, or telework program), job access projects, and operational management strategies.
In developing the plan under subparagraph (C), a metropolitan planning organization shall consult with employers, private and non-profit providers of public transportation, transportation management organizations, and organizations that provide job access reverse commute projects or job-related services to low-income individuals.
All Federally funded projects carried out within the boundaries of a metropolitan planning area serving a transportation management area under title 23 (excluding projects carried out on the National Highway System) or under this chapter shall be selected for implementation from the approved TIP by the metropolitan planning organization designated for the area in consultation with the State and any affected public transportation operator.
If a metropolitan planning process of a metropolitan planning organization serving a transportation management area is not certified, the Secretary may withhold up to 20 percent of the funds attributable to the metropolitan planning area of the metropolitan planning organization for projects funded under this chapter and title 23.
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter or title 23, for transportation management areas classified as nonattainment for ozone or carbon monoxide pursuant to the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), Federal funds may not be advanced in such area for any highway project that will result in a significant increase in the carrying capacity for single-occupant vehicles unless the project is addressed through a congestion management process.
Nothing in this section shall be construed to confer on a metropolitan planning organization the authority to impose legal requirements on any transportation facility, provider, or project not eligible under this chapter or title 23.
Funds apportioned under section 104(b)(5) of title 23 or section 5305(g) shall be available to carry out this section.
In this subsection, the term “Bi-StateMetropolitan Planning Organization” has the meaning given the term “region” in subsection (a) of Article II of the Lake Tahoe Regional Planning Compact (Public Law 96–551; 94 Stat. 3234).
an urbanized area, which is comprised of a population of 145,000 and 25 square miles of land area and 25 square miles of land area  in the State of California and a population of 65,000 and 12 square miles of land area and 12 square miles of land area  in the State of Nevada.
July 9, 1964, Pub. L. 88–365, 78 Stat. 302, § 8(a) (2d–last sentences)–(g), (n); added Nov. 6, 1978, Pub. L. 95–599, § 305(b), 92 Stat. 2743; Apr. 2, 1987, Pub. L. 100–17, § 310, 101 Stat. 227; restated Dec. 18, 1991, Pub. L. 102–240, § 3012, 105 Stat. 2098, 2104.
July 9, 1964, Pub. L. 88–365, 78 Stat. 302, § 8(p); added Nov. 6, 1978, Pub. L. 95–599, § 305(b), 92 Stat. 2743; Apr. 2, 1987, Pub. L. 100–17, § 310, 101 Stat. 227; restated Dec. 18, 1991, Pub. L. 102–240, § 3012, 105 Stat. 2105; Oct. 6, 1992, Pub. L. 102–388, § 502(h), 106 Stat. 1566.
In this section, the word “together” is omitted as surplus. The words “Secretary of Commerce” are substituted for “Bureau of the Census” because of 15:1511(e).
In subsection (b)(2), the word “applicable” is omitted as surplus.
In subsection (b)(3), the words “where it does not yet occur” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (b)(4), the words “the provisions of all applicable” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (c)(4), before clause (A), the words “whether made under this section or other provisions of law” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (d), the word “entire” is omitted as surplus.
In subsection (e)(2), the words “or compacts” and “joint or otherwise” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (f)(3), the word “area” is added for clarity and consistency with 42:7501(2).
In subsection (f)(5)(A), the words “published or otherwise” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (g), before clause (1), the words “local governmental authorities” are substituted for “local public bodies”, and the words “departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of the Government” are substituted for “Federal departments and agencies”, for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.
In subsection (h)(6)(A), the words “for obligation”, “a period of”, and “the close of” are omitted as surplus.
This amends 49:5303(f)(2) and (h)(4) to correct erroneous cross-references.
This amends 49:5303(c)(1) to correct an erroneous cross-reference.
This amends 49:5303(c)(4)(A) to correct an erroneous cross-reference.
This amends 49:5303(c)(5)(A) to correct an erroneous cross-reference.
The date of enactment of the Federal Public Transportation Act of 2012, referred to in subsecs. (d)(2) and (l)(2), is deemed to be Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a), (b) of Pub. L. 112–141, set out as Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment notes under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.
The date of enactment of the SAFETEA-LU, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(A), (5), is the date of enactment of title III of Pub. L. 109–59, which was approved Aug. 10, 2005.
2017—Subsec. (r)(2)(C). Pub. L. 115–31 made amendment identical to that made by Pub. L. 114–322. See 2016 Amendment note below.
2016—Subsec. (r)(2)(C). Pub. L. 114–322 inserted “and 25 square miles of land area” after “145,000” and “and 12 square miles of land area” after “65,000”.
2015—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(1), inserted “resilient” after “development of”.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(2), substituted “, bicycle transportation facilities, and intermodal facilities that support intercity transportation, including intercity buses and intercity bus facilities and commuter vanpool providers” for “and bicycle transportation facilities”.
Subsec. (d)(3) to (7). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(3), added par. (3), redesignated pars. (3) to (6) as (4) to (7), respectively, and in par. (5), substituted “paragraph (6)” for “paragraph (5)”.
Subsec. (e)(4)(B). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(4), substituted “subsection (d)(6)” for “subsection (d)(5)”.
Subsec. (g)(3)(A). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(5), inserted “tourism, natural disaster risk reduction,” after “economic development,”.
Subsec. (h)(1)(I). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(6), added subpar. (I).
Subsec. (i)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(7)(A)(i), substituted “public transportation facilities, intercity bus facilities” for “transit”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(G). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(7)(A)(ii), substituted “, provide” for “and provide” and inserted before period at end “, and reduce the vulnerability of the existing transportation infrastructure to natural disasters”.
Subsec. (i)(2)(H). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(7)(A)(iii), inserted before period at end “, including consideration of the role that intercity buses may play in reducing congestion, pollution, and energy consumption in a cost-effective manner and strategies and investments that preserve and enhance intercity bus systems, including systems that are privately owned and operated”.
Subsec. (i)(6)(A). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(7)(B), inserted “public ports,” before “freight shippers,” and “(including intercity bus operators, employer-based commuting programs, such as a carpool program, vanpool program, transit benefit program, parking cash-out program, shuttle program, or telework program)” after “private providers of transportation”.
Subsec. (i)(8). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(7)(C), substituted “paragraph (2)(E)” for “paragraph (2)(C)” in two places.
Subsec. (k)(3)(A). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(8)(A), inserted “(including intercity bus operators, employer-based commuting programs, such as a carpool program, vanpool program, transit benefit program, parking cash-out program, shuttle program, or telework program), job access projects,” after “travel demand reduction”.
Subsec. (k)(3)(C), (D). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(8)(B), added subpars. (C) and (D).
Subsec. (l)(1). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(9)(A), inserted a period at end.
Subsec. (l)(2)(D). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(9)(B), substituted “with a population of 200,000 or less” for “of less than 200,000”.
Subsec. (p). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(10), substituted “Funds apportioned under section 104(b)(5)” for “Funds set aside under section 104(f)”.
Subsec. (r). Pub. L. 114–94, § 3003(a)(11), added subsec. (r).
2012—Pub. L. 112–141 amended section generally, substituting provisions consisting of subsecs. (a) to (q), including requirement to submit report on performance-based planning processes, for former provisions consisting of subsecs. (a) to (p).
Subsec. (j)(3)(D). Pub. L. 110–244, § 201(b)(2), inserted “or the identified phase” after “the project” in two places.
Subsec. (k)(2). Pub. L. 110–244, § 201(b)(3), struck out “a metropolitan planning area serving” before “a transportation management area,”.
2005—Pub. L. 109–59 amended section catchline and text generally. Prior to amendment, text consisted of subsecs. (a) to (h) relating to designation of a metropolitan planning organization for each urbanized area with a population of more than 50,000, general requirements, scope of planning process, boundaries of each area, coordination in multistate areas, development of long-range transportation plans, grants for studies and evaluations, and apportionment of funds.
1998—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(a), added subsecs. (a) and (b) and struck out headings and text of former subsecs. (a) and (b) which related to development requirements and plan and program factors, respectively.
Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(1)(B), substituted “or cities, as defined by the Bureau of the Census)” for “as defined by the Secretary of Commerce)”.
Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(1)(A), as amended by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(1)(A), substituted “general purpose local government that together represent” for “general local government representing”.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(2), substituted “Each policy board of a metropolitan planning organization that serves an area designated as a transportation management area when designated or redesignated under this subsection shall consist of” for “In a metropolitan area designated as a transportation management area, the designated metropolitan planning organization, if redesignated after December 18, 1991, shall include” and “officials of public agencies” for “officials of authorities”.
Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(3), as amended by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(1)(B), substituted “within an existing metropolitan planning area only if the chief executive officer of the State and the existing metropolitan organization determine that the size and complexity of the existing metropolitan planning area” for “in an urbanized area (as defined by the Secretary of Commerce) only if the chief executive officer decides that the size and complexity of the urbanized area”.
Subsec. (c)(4)(A). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(4), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(1)(E), directed an amendment identical to that made by Pub. L. 105–102, § 2(4)(B). See 1997 Amendment note below.
Subsec. (c)(5)(A). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(5)(A), formerly § 3004(b)(4)(A), as renumbered and amended by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(1)(C), (D), substituted “general purpose local government that together represent” for “general local government representing”.
Subsec. (c)(5)(B). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(5)(B), formerly § 3004(b)(4)(B), as renumbered by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(1)(D), substituted “or cities, as defined by the Bureau of the Census)” for “as defined by the Secretary of Commerce)”.
Subsec. (c)(5)(D). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(b)(5)(C), formerly § 3004(b)(4)(C), as renumbered by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(1)(D), added subpar. (D).
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(d)(1), inserted “or compact” after “2 States making an agreement” and substituted “making the agreements and compacts effective” for “making the agreement effective”.
Subsec. (e)(4) to (6). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(d)(2), as amended by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(2), added pars. (4) to (6).
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(5), substituted “Developing Long-Range Transportation Plans” for “Developing Long-Range Plans” in heading.
Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(6), which directed substitution of “long-range transportation plans” for “long-range plans” wherever appearing, could not be executed because “long-range plans” does not appear in text.
Subsec. (f)(1)(A). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(1)(A), substituted “national, regional, and metropolitan transportation functions” for “United States and regional transportation functions”.
Subsec. (f)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(1)(B), added cl. (iii) and struck out former cl. (iii) which read as follows: “recommends innovative financing techniques, including value capture, tolls, and congestion pricing, to finance needed projects and programs;”.
“(ii) to use existing transportation facilities most efficiently to relieve vehicular congestion and maximize the mobility of individuals and goods; and”.
Subsec. (f)(1)(E). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(f)(1), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(3), added subpar. (E).
Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(2), substituted “and any State or local goals developed within the cooperative metropolitan planning process as they relate to a 20-year forecast period and to other forecast periods as determined by the participants in the planning process” for “as they are related to a 20-year forecast period”.
Subsec. (f)(4). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(3), inserted “freight shippers, providers of freight transportation services,” after “mass transportation authority employees,” and “representatives of users of public transit,” after “private providers of transportation,”.
Subsec. (f)(5)(A). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(e)(4), inserted “published or otherwise” before “made readily available”.
Subsec. (f)(6). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3004(f)(2), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, § 9009(b)(3), added par. (6).
Subsec. (h)(1). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3029(b)(1), (2), substituted “subsection (c) or (h)(1) of section 5338 of this title” for “section 5338(g)(1) of this title” and “sections 5304 and 5305 of this title” for “sections 5304–5306 of this title”.
Subsec. (h)(2)(A), (3)(A). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3029(b)(1), substituted “subsection (c) or (h)(1) of section 5338 of this title” for “section 5338(g)(1) of this title”.
Subsec. (h)(4). Pub. L. 105–178, § 3029(b)(3), substituted “subsection (c) or (h)(1) of section 5338 of this title” for “section 5338(g) of this title”.
1997—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 105–102, § 2(4)(A), inserted “and sections 5304–5306 of this title” after “this section”.
Subsec. (c)(4)(A). Pub. L. 105–102, § 2(4)(B), substituted “paragraph (5)” for “paragraph (3)”.
Subsec. (c)(5)(A). Pub. L. 105–102, § 2(4)(C), inserted “and sections 5304–5306 of this title” after “this section”.
1996—Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(10)(A), substituted “subsection (b)” for “subsection (e)”.
Subsec. (h)(4). Pub. L. 104–287, § 5(10)(B), substituted “section 5338(g)” for “5338(g)(1)”.
The term ‘eligible project’ means a new fixed guidewaycapital project or a core capacity improvement project, as those terms are defined in section 5309 of title 49, United States Code, as amended by this division.
Pub. L. 109–59, title III, § 3005(b), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1559, required the Secretary of Transportation to issue guidance on a schedule for implementation of the changes made to this section by section 3005(a) of Pub. L. 109–59 and required State or metropolitan planning organization plan or program updates to reflect such changes beginning July 1, 2007.

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