Source: http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/402/402mass462.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 12:45:23+00:00

Document:
CIVIL ACTION commenced in the Superior Court Department on February 28, 1986.
The case was heard by George C. Keady, Jr., J., on a motion for summary judgment.
Michael Malkovich (Benjamin A. Barnes with him) for the plaintiff.
Ilene Robinson for the Chief Administrative Justice of the Trial Court & another.
O'CONNOR, J. This case presents the issue whether the plaintiff, Raymond LaBarge, may simultaneously hold an elective office as Northampton city councilor and a position as a procedures clerk in the Northampton Division of the District Court Department. The plaintiff was removed from the payroll of the Northampton District Court by Administrative Justice Zoll (Chief Justice Zoll), after the plaintiff refused either to resign his office as Northampton city councilor or to take an unpaid leave of absence from his position as procedures clerk during his term in office. The plaintiff brought this action for reinstatement in his position as procedures clerk and for back pay. Chief Administrative Justice Mason and Chief Justice Zoll moved for summary judgment and their motion was allowed. The plaintiff moved for final judgment in favor of the defendant union and that motion was also allowed. The plaintiff appealed the judgment in favor of the Chief Administrative Justice and the Chief Justice. We took the case on our own initiative and now affirm.
Justice Mason and Chief Justice Zoll's motion for summary judgment was submitted on the pleadings and several affidavits. The following facts are not disputed.
The plaintiff was elected to his first two-year term as a Northampton city councilor in the fall of 1983. The term began January 1, 1984. During that term, the plaintiff applied for and received a temporary appointment as a procedures clerk in the Northampton District Court. He noted on his application that he held an office as Northampton city councilor. The Chief Administrative Justice indicated by letter that the application had been reviewed and approved as in compliance with the standards promulgated in the Trial Court's Personnel Policies and Procedures Manual. The temporary appointment was extended several times. On April 1, 1985, the plaintiff was appointed to a permanent position as procedures clerk in the Northampton District Court. The application for the permanent position also contained a statement that he was holding an office as Northampton city councilor, and again the Chief Administrative Justice wrote in a letter that the plaintiff's application had been reviewed and was determined to be in compliance with the Trial Court's Personnel Policies and Procedures Manual.
In the fall of 1985, while holding a permanent position as procedures clerk, the plaintiff campaigned for and was reelected to the Northampton city council. He commenced his second two-year term in office on January 1, 1986.
election is decided or until he/she ceases to be a candidate. Requests for such leave shall be made in writing by the employee to his/her immediate manager. If he/she is elected, such leave of absence shall be extended until such time as he/she ceases to hold office." A successor agreement, in effect from July 1, 1986, through June 30, 1989, contains an identical provision.
The plaintiff refused to resign his office as city councilor or to take an unpaid leave of absence from his position as procedures clerk. He was removed from the payroll of the Northampton District Court effective May 31, 1986.
The amended complaint seeks an order requiring the defendants to return the plaintiff to the District Court's payroll, an order preventing the Chief Administrative Justice and Chief Justice from forcing him to resign his elected office, an award of lost wages, and a declaration that Section 13.08 of the collective bargaining agreement shall not be construed to prevent him from simultaneously holding an elective office and a position as procedures clerk.
On appeal, the plaintiff presents essentially five theories to support his argument that summary judgment was improperly granted: (1) section 13.08 of the collective bargaining agreement abridges his right to hold elective office under art. 9 of the Massachusetts Declaration of Rights; (2) section 13.08 of the collective bargaining agreement violates G. L. c. 268A, Section 4 (1986 ed.); (3) the Chief Administrative Justice and the Chief Justice waived their right to enforce Section 13.08 against him; (4) summary judgment was improperly granted because there is a material issue of fact as to whether the Chief Administrative Justice and the Chief Justice waived their right to enforce Section 13.08; (5) the Chief Administrative Justice and the Chief Justice should be equitably estopped from enforcing Section 13.08. We discuss the plaintiff's arguments in order.
concluded that "the right `to be elected,' preserved in art. 9, is not absolute. It is subject to legislation reasonably necessary to achieve legitimate public objectives" (citation omitted). See also Opinion of the Justices, 368 Mass. 819, 823 (1975).
Section 13.08 of the collective bargaining agreement, though authorized by G. L. c. 150E, Sections 1-15 (1986 ed.), is not legislation. However, it is one of the several means through which the judicial branch of the Commonwealth regulates the conduct of its employees. The regulation of court employees' conduct is essential for the judiciary to carry out its constitutional mandate and is, therefore, within its inherent authority. See Opinion of the Justices, 375 Mass. at 813; Opinion of the Justices, 372 Mass. 883, 893 (1977); O'Coin's, Inc. v. Treasurer of the County of Worcester, 362 Mass. 507, 510 (1972); Blankenburg v. Commonwealth, 260 Mass. 369, 373 (1927), cert. denied, 283 U.S. 819 (1931). We therefore apply the same standard of review to Section 13.08 as we do to legislation. We must determine whether Section 13.08 is reasonably necessary to achieve legitimate public objectives. See Opinion of the Justices, 375 Mass. at 811.
creating a potential or apparent conflict of interest. See Edgartown v. State Ethics Comm'n, 391 Mass. 83, 89 (1984).
Ensuring the impartiality of court employees, protecting the integrity and appearance of impartiality of court offices, and preserving the separation of powers set out in art. 30 of the Massachusetts Declaration of Rights are legitimate public objectives, and the pursuit of those objectives by enforcing Section 13.08 of the collective bargaining agreement is reasonable within the test set out in Opinion of the Justices, 375 Mass. at 811. Therefore, any resulting burden on the plaintiff's right to hold elective office does not violate the plaintiff's art. 9 rights.
The plaintiff argues that Section 13.08 of the agreement conflicts with G. L. c. 268A, Section 4, as amended, St. 1980, c. 10, Section 1, and is therefore unenforceable. We need not decide whether, if there were such a conflict, Section 13.08 would be unenforceable. There is no conflict.
General Laws c. 268A sets standards of conduct for public officials and public employees. Section 4 restricts State employees' ability to accept compensation from sources other than their State employer. The plaintiff relies on the second to last paragraph of Section 4 for his contention that a State employee may not be prevented from running for or holding an elective office because of a potential or existing conflict of interest. That paragraph provides, "This section shall not prohibit a state employee from holding an elective or appointive office in a city, town or district, nor in any way prohibit such an employee from performing the duties of or receiving the compensation provided for such office. No such elected or appointed official may vote or act on any matter which is within the purview of the agency by which he is employed or over which such employee has official responsibility." G. L. c. 268A, Section 4, as amended, St. 1980, c. 10, Section 1.
the plaintiff's argument that Section 13.08 of the collective bargaining agreement is unenforceable because it conflicts with G. L. c. 268A, Section 4.
The plaintiff's third argument is that the Chief Administrative Justice and the Chief Justice waived their right to enforce Section 13.08 when they appointed the plaintiff to temporary and permanent positions in the District Court while he held an elective office. It is unclear whether the plaintiff argues waiver as a matter of law or waiver as a matter of fact for this court to decide. The plaintiff argues in the alternative that summary judgment on the issue of waiver was improper because the defendants' intent to waive their right of enforcement is an issue of material fact.
The judge properly determined as a matter of law that there was no waiver. The Chief Administrative Justice and the Chief Justice did not have the power unilaterally to waive the enforcement of a provision of the collective bargaining agreement. They were bound to enforce Section 13.08. The terms of the collective bargaining agreement could not have been modified without the approval of the union. See School Comm. of Newton v. Labor Relations Comm'n, 388 Mass. 557, 563-565 (1983) (unilateral modification of collective bargaining agreement violates G. L. c. 150E, Section 10[a]).
DiGloria v. Chief of Police of Methuen, 8 Mass. App. Ct. 506, 516 (1979). Application of equitable estoppel here would defeat the important public interest in maintaining the real and apparent impartiality and integrity of the offices of the Trial Court. Therefore, equitable estoppel is inappropriate in this case.
[Note 1] Administrative Justice of the District Court Department and Office and Professional Employees International Union, AFL-CIO Local 6.

References: art. 9
 art. 9
 v. 
 v. 
 v. 
 art. 30
 art. 9
 v. 
 v.