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Man'kova L.L.. Geniuses Not of This World // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2016. – № 12. – P. 1033-1040. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2016.12.23208.
Review: There is a growing number of children who suffer from autism. Experts even write about a mental epidemic. However, the phenomenon of autism still remains a mystery. There is a huge amount of empirical data collected and lots of counsulting and rehabilitation methods developed and yet, the general picture of the disease is still unclear. Previous ideas aobut 'defectiveness' of autists make us feel that they are 'different'. These children see the world in a different way. They see us different from what we see ourselves to boe like. Signals coming to their minds from their senses are like disconnected and unstructured elements. Their special type of reality perception excites our imagination due to a so-called quantum paradigm that suggests there are a lot of worlds we exist in. Mankova bases her research on psychological and philosophical researches and provide examples from her own clinical practice. Experts believe that in order to become normal, autists need to experience a so-called numinous feeling that allows them to get rid of their feeling of loneliness. The author also concludes that autists leave some anthropological gaps uncovered. In particular, they have not overcome the stages of developing speech competence and operating with symbols.
Bleyler E. Affektivnost', vnushenie, paranoyya. M.: Tsentr psikhol. kul'tury, 2001. 206 s.
Kosilova E.V. O sud'bakh sub'ektov: otnoshenie «Sub'ekt – Drugie»: formirovanie, adekvatnost', autizm. M.: LENAND, 2016. 446 s.
Leont'ev A.N. Deyatel'nost'. Soznanie. Lichnost'. M.: Smysl: Academia, 2004. 345 s.
Lif R. Idet rabota: strategii raboty s povedeniem, uchebnyy plan intensivnoy povedencheskoy terapii pri autizme. M.: Tolkachev L.L.: Dizayn byuro Mediokriti, 2016. 596 s.
Piters T. Autizm ot teoreticheskogo ponimaniya k pedagogicheskomu vozdeystviyu. SPb.: Institut spetsial'noy pedagogiki i psikhologii, 1999. 192 s.
Yaspers K. Obshchaya psikhopatologiya. M.: Praktikum, 1997. 1053 s.
Lutsenko T.V., Svistunova E.V.. Inclusive Education as a Factor of Developing Adaptive Behavior of Children with Disabilities (the Case Study of Children with Visual Impairments) // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2016. – № 11. – P. 921-927. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2016.11.22606.
Review: The subject of the research is the process of developing adaptive behaviour of children with disabilities under the conditions of inclusive education. The object of the research is the inclusive education as a factor of developing adaptive behavior of children with disabilities. The purpose of the research is to study factors that influence the dynamics of changes in the levels of agression and anxiety of pre-school children with disabilities when they are involved in the system of inclusive education. Inclusion of pre-school with visual impairments into the general education process is a stress factor for them. The research methods included: 1) observing anxiety of children method offered by P. Baker and M. Alvord; 2) Child's Aggression Level Inventory offered by G. Lavrentieva and T. Titarenko. When the preschool children in inclusive education, both children with visual impairments and other children have problems related to the difference in perception, change of usual environment, and etc. The conclusion of the research is that inclusive education has significant potential for increasing the levels of anxiety and aggression of children with disabilities. However, in order to realize this potential, it is necessary to carry out a timely assistance aimed at developing social competence of pre-schoolers with visual impairements and pre-schoolers without those before transferring to inclusive education. The objectives of such assistance should include development of skills and knowledge that reduce aggression and anxiety of children and who will attend inclusive education groups and their parents.
Gileva N. S. Sozdanie predmetno-razvivayushchey sredy dlya detey s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov'ya // Molodoy uchenyy.-2015.-№10.-S. 1128-1139.
Zdravookhranenie v Rossii. 2015: Stat.sb./Rosstat.-M., 2015.-174 s.
Deniskina V.Z. Osobye obrazovatel'nye potrebnosti, obuslovlennye narusheniyami zreniya i ikh vtorichnymi posledstviyami. // Zhurnal «Defektologiya».-2012.-№5.-S. 3-12.
Yokhna N.A., Popelyushko R.P. Faktory vzaimodeystviya shkoly i sem'i rebenka s osobennostyami psikhofizicheskogo razvitiya // Inklyuzivnoe obrazovanie: problemy i perspektivy: sbornik nauchnykh trudov po materialam mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii «Setevoe vzaimodeystvie universitetov s sotsial'nymi partnerami v oblasti inklyuzivnogo obrazovaniya: mezhdunarodnyy i regional'nyy aspekt» (Velikiy Novgorod, 19-21 maya 2014 goda) / sost. E.V. Ivanov; NovGU im. Yaroslava Mudrogo. – Velikiy Novgorod:, 2014. – 448 s.-S.256-264.
Semenaka S.I. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskaya adaptatsiya rebenka v obshchestve. Korrektsionno-razvivayushchie zanyatiya.-M.: ARKTIKA, 2004. – 72 s.
Glazyrina T.M.. Sensomotor Reaction Demonstrated by Military Aged Men with Arterial Hypertension // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2016. – № 6. – P. 522-525. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2016.6.20319.
Review: The research deals with the study of sensomotor reactions demonstrated by men of military age who suffer from arterial hypertension. The existing system of professional selection focused on the use of blank psychological techniques has proved to be efficient, however, in many cases it is advisable to further investigate the psycho-physiological characteristics of a recruit. In particular, based on the results of psychophysiological research it is possible to define the level of neuro-psychological stability of a recruit. In cause of a recruit suffering from arterial hypertension physiological changes are determined before manifestation of clinical symtoms which correlates to a decreased level of neuro-psychological stability. 128 respondents participated in the research. The research methodology is based on the comparative analysis of results. Men with the first-degree arterial hypertension demonstrated a worse balance of inhibitory and excitative processes during stress. They also demonstrated a higher value of activity and made more action errors.
Yatmanov A.N. Patogeneticheskie determinanty vnutrenney kartiny bolezni u patsientov s essentsial'noy gipertenziey. Dis. … kand. med. nauk. SPb.: GOUVPO "Voenno-meditsinskaya akademiya", 2010. 147 s.
Solodkov A.S., Yusupov V.V., Dnov K.V. i dr. Mediko-psikhologicheskoe soprovozhdenie voennosluzhashchikh v voennom vuze // Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta. 2015. № 5. S. 254–258.
Solodkov A.S., Fedorov E.V., Dnov K.V. i dr. Sovershenstvovanie sistemy professional'nogo psikhologicheskogo otbora spetsialistov VMF // Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta. 2015. № 12(130). S. 318–322.
Solodkov A.S., Yusupov V.V., Dnov K.V. i dr. Mediko-psikhologicheskoe soprovozhdenie kandidatov na postuplenie v voennyy vuz // Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta. 2015. № 5(123). S. 258–263.
Ovchinnikov B.V., D'yakonov I.F., Bogdanova L.V. Psikhologicheskaya predpatologiya: preventivnaya diagnostika i korrektsiya. SPb.: ELBI-SPb, 2010. 366 s.
Porozhnikov P.A., Fedorov E.V., Yatmanov A.N. Prognozirovanie zabolevaemosti voennosluzhashchikh voenno-morskogo flota v zavisimosti ot vida deyatel'nosti // Novaya nauka: Ot idei k rezul'tatu. Sterlitamak: RITs AMI, 2016. № 1–2 (60). S. 16–18.
Lobachev A.V., Yatmanova T.M., Yatmanov A.N. Ispol'zovanie metodiki biologicheskoy obratnoy svyazi dlya diagnostiki ustoychivosti k stressu i urovnya psikhicheskoy adaptatsii kursantov // Zdorov'e-osnova chelovecheskogo potentsiala: problemy i puti ikh resheniya. 2012. T. 7. № 1. S. 127–128.
Glazyrina T.M., Yatmanov A.N., Yusupov V.V., Yatmanova T.M. Patogeneticheskie osobennosti vliyaniya otnosheniya k bolezni i arterial'nogo davleniya na nervno-psikhicheskuyu adaptatsiyu voennosluzhashchikh // Klinicheskaya patofiziologiya. 2014. № 2. S. 36–39.
Komolov D.A., Chebakova Yu.V.. Application of the “Wonderland of Feelings” Method for the Study of Affective Body Representations in Various Health Groups of Adolescents // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2016. – № 4. – P. 353-362. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2016.4.19473.
Review: The article deals with methodical research opportunities of affective representation of the body in the model health group of adolescents in the context of ontogenesis and psychosomatic dysontogenesis. To study the affective components of body representation the authors used the author's modification of the “Wonderland of feelings” method that allows to carry out the data processing both from the position of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The authors also described and theoretically grounded the following method parameters that introduce various affective components of body representation: the body needs representation, emotion load of the body and its parts, the emotional attitude to the body. 60 younger adolescents (11-12 years old) of the first, second and third health groups (20 in each group) were involved in the research. Analysis of the results of the research was made by using the following statistical tests: 1. Mann-Whitney U-test for ordinal scales; 2. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient; 3. Wilcoxon signed-rank test; 4.Pearson's chi-square test for the assessment of the significance of the frequency. The authors demonstrate the difference in measures of the extracted parameters for the adolescent three health groups and reveal various mechanisms of the body affective representation in terms of psychosomatic problems, as well as prove the possibility of using the author's modified method “Wonderland of feelings” for purposes of individual psychosomatic diagnostics, psychological correction and psychological preventive measures.
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Sviridchenkova T.A.. Emotions and Color Images in Children's Dreams // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2016. – № 3. – P. 281-289. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2016.3.19265.
Review: The subject of the research is the relationship between emotional states (fear, anxiety, pleasure, satisfaction) experienced while dreaming, the main functions of dreams (protection, compensation and adaptation) and secondary images presented as a certain color in baby dreams. The object of the research is children from five to seven years old. The author of the article examines such topics as the impact of color on mental, psychological and physiological states of human; dreaming and its functions; dreamed images as the secondary images indicating neurotic condition. Special attention is paid to a particular color image appearing in children's dreams, relation of this color image to the dreamer's emotional state and color image as a sign of a psychological problem. In her research Sviridchenkova has used such research methods as survey, analysis and comparison. To define and validate statistically significant differences between appearances of a particular color in scary and pleasant dreams the researcher has used the Student's t-criterion. The results of the research demonstrate that there is a relationship between emotional states (fear, anxiety, pleasure, satisfaction) experienced by a dreamer and secondary images presented by a particular color in dreams. The researcher describes the dominating color images typical for scary children's dreams and color images typical for pleasant dreams seen by a child. The results of the research can be used for early diagnostics and prevention of neurotic states that haven't formed clinical symptoms yet but can be already found in dreams as color images of a particular color.
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Dement'eva L.A., Chebakova Yu.V.. Features of Psychological Self-Regulation in Adolescents with Psychic Infantilism // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2015. – № 9. – P. 951-963. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2015.9.16109.
Review: The problem of psychic infantilism is relevant both from the point of view of social phenomena of modern society, and psychiatric diagnosis and prognosis of psychic disorders in childhood and adolescence. The analysis of the clinical and psychological literature devoted to the problem of psychic infantilism, showed that in modern psychiatry boundaries of this phenomenon are not defined, moreover, psychology does not have diagnostic tools that would qualify and differentiate this phenomenon both in normal and pathological development of children and adolescents. The generalization of psychological phenomena in psychic infantilism showed the greatest heuristic nature of the psychological construct of self-regulation. The authors of the article considers this factor to be a backbone that integrates all the diversity of psychological phenomenology of psychic infantilism through his emotional, social and personal components. The purposes of the research is to study psychological peculiarities of self-regulation as a marker of psychic infantilism in adolescents with organic and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The research involved 140 infantile and non-infantile adolescents with organic non-psychotic disorders (F06.6 - F06.8) and schizotypal disorder (F21). For the study of psychological self-regulation of adolescents with mental disorders with psychic infantilism and without the following methods were used: 1. "Drawing a non-existent animal"; 2. The research technique of self-esteem offered by Dembo-Rubinstein; 3. Cloninger test TCI-140. To analyze the results of the study the researchers used the following statistical criteria: 1) Chi-square Pearson; 2) angular Fisher transformation; 3) U-Mann-Whitney test for ordinal scales. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors systematized psychological phenomenology of psychic infantilism in adolescents with mental disorders from the point of view of the emotional, social and personality self-regulation using multiple criteria psychodiagnostic assessment. It is shown that the peculiarities of emotional, social and personal psychological components of self-regulation in adolescents with psychic infantilism have specific differences depending on their nosology. The infantile adolescents with non-psychotic organic disorders registered higher compared to non-infantile patients this nosological group results highlighted psychological components of self-regulation in the leading role of the social component, which is associated with the compensation mechanism of cognitive failure. Infantile adolescents with schizotypal disorder, on the contrary, found lower rates of psychological self-regulation compared to non-infantile peers, reflecting the deepening nosological characteristics of psychic defect.
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Khudyakova Yu.Yu.. Peculiarities of Motivational Propensities and Regulation of Aggressiveness of Patients Suffering from Paranoid Schizophrenia // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2015. – № 8. – P. 832-838. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2015.8.16294.
Review: The purpose of the research is to study peculiarities of motivational propensities of patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and peculiarities of regulation of their aggression. In her research Khudyakova used the Szondi test. The research involved 203 patients aged from 18 to 64. The experimental groups included 102 patients that had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. The experimental groups were created depending on their gender and duration of their disease (more or less than 5 years). The control groups included 101 patients without any mental diseases. The participants of the control groups were divided depending on their gender. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research involved the provisions of the biopsychosocial theory. When interpreting the results of the projective Szondi test, the author also applied the provisions of the psychodynamic approach. As a result of the research of motivational propensities, patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia demonstrated decreased needs for love and belonging. Women with paranoid schizophrenia had a high level of aggression as a personal motivational factor. Men with paranoid schizophrenia demonstrated a higher tendency towards the factor of sexual undifferentiality compared to healthy men. The researcher has also studied peculiarities of regulation of aggressiveness in the aforesaid groups. Women who had been suffering from paranoid schizophrenia for less than 5 years had difficulty regulating their aggression due to the dissociation of their motivational structure. Women who had been suffering from their disease for more than 5 years regulated their aggression only by the ethic motivational factor which usually came out as pseudo religious beliefs and reasoning about the Good and the Evil and etc. Aggressiveness of men who had been having the disease for less than 5 years was regulated by the motivational factor of adhesion and consistency as well as the motivational factor of devotion, aggressiveness of men who had been ill for more than 5 years was regulated by the motivational factor of adhesion and consistency.
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Shal' L.G.. Peculiarities of the Relation Between Visual Perception and Visual Thinking of Primary School Students with Different Ontogenesis // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2015. – № 7. – P. 726-734. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2015.7.15669.
Review: The subject under research is the peculiarities of visual perception and visual thinking demonstrated by primary school students with different ontogenesis when perceiving genre paintings. The article contains the theoretical analysis of visual functions and visual thinking of primary school students with different ontogenesis. New psychological literature on diagnostics of child's mental development focuses extensively on visual perception and visual thinking as the prerequisites for successful education. Thus, it is becoming an urgent issue to study the relation between visual perception and visual thinking of school students with different mental impairments as a result of medical diagnoses such as minimal brain dysfunction and autism spectrum. The methodological basis of the research involves contemporary views of Russian psychologists on the objective laws of the development of higher mental functions described by Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria taking into account the unevenness of their development during ontogenesis as well as the mechanisms of mental impairments described by the neuropsychological approach. Traditional methods of diagnostics of the higher mental functions are the methods of neuropsychological diagnostics allowing to perform the comparative analysis of the level of the development of particular higher mental functions. This is the first research in the academic literature to describe the relation between visual perception and visual thinking, to create a classification of mistakes and to discuss the influence of these mistakes on the level of understanding of genre paintings by primary school students with different ontogenesis. As a result of the research, Shal' has found out that children suffering from minimal brain dysfunction and autism spectrum with normal ontogenesis have a deficiency of visual perception which has an impact on visual thinking, too. Consequently, visual thinking does not always support teaching activities where there is the deficiency of visual perception. These results have allowed to define the 'targets' for corrective measures of school psychologists working with primary school children.
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Erzin A.I., Antokhin E.Yu.. Development of the Proactive Behavior Inventory in Clinical Samples // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2015. – № 5. – P. 493-500. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2015.5.13777.
Review: This study reports the development of the Proactive Behavior Inventory that was designed to define the level of proactivity and to analyze personal components of proactive behavior (self-reflection and self-regulation, forecasting and anticipation, spontaneity, internal locus of control and metamotivation). The authors of the article define proactivity as the feature of a mature personality with a high level of self-determination, personal responsibility, ability to make a conscious choice of a behavioral model and to predict life events. The need to create a new inventory was determined by the fact that there are no Russian psychological tests that would precisely study proactivity as a personal trait. The primary development of the Proactive Behavior Inventory involved 187 people including healthy individuals and patients suffering from schizophrenia, depression, coronary artery disease, drug abuse and addiction at different stages of medical treatment. The empirical validity of the test was assessed through the comparison of the results with the results obtained by the means of the Proactive Coping Inventory offered by Esther Greenglass, Ralf Schwarzer and Steffen Taubert. The Inventory offered by the authors of the article allowed to discover significant differences of a number of proactivity parameters in different groups of respondents. Primary findings prove the statement that mentally healthy and adaptive people have high indicators of proactivity while patients suffering from schizophrenia and drug abuse demonstrate a lower level of proactivity. Mathematical and statistical analysis demonstrates a high level of homogeneity of the Inventory and validity of the questionnaire items related to the integral proactivity indicators. Thus, the basic psychometric indicators of the Inventory show a high reliability and validity as well as the internal homogeneity of the Inventory. Further researches should be carried out in order to involve a greater number of respondents, to analyze the gender and cross-cultural factors and to study patients with other mental and psychosomatic diseases. The results of the study will be of interest to clinical psychologists and allow recommending the Proactive Behavior Inventory for investigating personality traits of self-determination, spontaneity, goal-setting and ancitipation of both healthy individuals and patients suffering from mental diseases.
Erzin A.I., Nazarenko E.V., Har’kova A.A., Kirienko A.A. Proactive behavior: criterion signs, classification and psychological predictors // V sbornike: Applied and Fundamental Studies: Proceedings of the 1st International Academic Conference Publishing House «Science and Innovation Center», International Journal of Advanced Studies. St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 2012. pp. 278-281.
Erzin A.I. Proaktivnye lichnostnye resursy u bol'nykh s ostrym narusheniem mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniya, nakhodyashchikhsya na vosstanovitel'nom lechenii // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika. – 2013.-№ 9. – S. 889-896.
Erzin A.I. Proaktivnoe povedenie kak predmet psikhologicheskogo issledovaniya. – Saarbrücken: Palmarium Academic Publishing, 2013 –164 s.
Erzin A.I. Proaktivnoe povedenie pri nekotorykh psikhicheskikh zabolevaniyakh: kriterii, faktory formirovaniya, tipologiya // Psikhiatriya, psikhoterapiya i klinicheskaya psikhologiya. – 2012.-№ 4 (10). – S. 64-77.
Erzin A.I. Lichnostnye prediktory proaktivnosti u bol'nykh paranoidnoy shizofreniey // Psikhologiya i psikhotekhnika.-2014.-№ 6.-S. 642-652.
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Starchenkova E.S. Kontseptsiya proaktivnogo sovladayushchego povedeniya. // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 12: Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya. Pedagogika. – 2009.-№ 2-1. – S. 198-205.
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(psikhodiagnostika i psikhoterapiya) // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. - 2011. - 11. - C. 26 - 35.
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Chernova, E. P., Borisova, E. Yu., Kozina, I. B.. Development of Functional Units of the Brain of Children Aged 5-7 Years with Speech Pathology // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2014. – № 11. – P. 1231-1239. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2014.11.13211.
Review: The subject under research is the peculiarities of the development of functional units of the brain (according to Alexander Luria’s theory). Children aged 5-7 years with general speech underdevelopment of the 1st, 2d and 3d levels living in the Republic of Mari El were studied. The three functional units of their cognitive activity were studied: the unit of programming, regulating and verifying mental activity, the unit of obtaining, processing and storing information and the ‘energy’ unit regulating cortical tone or waking. Peculiarities of the serial programming of movements and actions were evaluated based on the analysis of neuropsychological tests for dynamic praxis and telling a story with pictures. Programming and control of voluntary actions were evaluated based on the analysis of the results of such tests as the choice experiment and putting pictures in order. The unit of obtaining, processing and storing information was evaluated based on the results of the following tests performed by children with speech dysfunction: the test for processing kinesthetic information (finger pose praxis), the test for processing verbal information (verbal memory), the test for processing visual information (perception of crossed out images) and the test for processing visual-spatial information (redrawing a picture). The energy unit was evaluated based on the results of the tests for reciprocal coordination, dynamic praxis and graphomotor test. Methodological base of the research includes the main concepts of neuropsychology on the structure and brain organization of higher mental functions (Luria, Vizel, Simernitskaya, Tsvetkova, Shklovsky and others). Neuropsychological approach to the analysis of speech dysfunctions is one of the most promising approaches because it allows to study speech pathology at the level of interaction of brain systems and functions. This, in its turn, allows to provide a better understanding of speech as a higher mental function and predict its further development. Researchers have used the neuropsychological diagnostics program including famous neuropsychological tests offered by Luria and modified by Akhutina, Inshakova, Vizel and Semenovich. The scientific novelty of the research is in defining typical distinctive features of the development of functional units of the brain of children with speech dysfunction based on the comparative analysis of the results of neuropsychological diagnostics in terms of the age and severity of the speech underdevelopment. Conclusions: 1. Children with speech dysfunctions, in particular, general speech underdevelopment of the 1st, 2d and 3d levels demonstrate insufficient functioning of all the three units of the brain: the unit of programming, regulating and verifying mental activity, the unit of obtaining, processing and storing information and the ‘energy’ unit regulating cortical tone or waking. 2. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results of particular tests show irregularity in the distribution and diversity of dysfunctions of particular functional units both in case of preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment of the 1st and 2d levels and in case of preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment of the 3d level. 3. Comparison of different levels of speech underdevelopment shows that children with general speech development of the 1st and 2d levels had more difficulties with programming, regulating and verifying mental activity, obtaining, processing and storing information and energy unit than children with general speech underdevelopment of the 3d level. 4. Analysis of the results of tests performed by children with speech dysfunction in terms of age shows that preschoolers aged 6-7 years with general speech underdevelopment of the 1st and 2d levels have more difficulties in functioning of all the three units of the brain.
Keywords: neuropsychological analysis, general speech underdevelopment, functional units of the brain, neuropsychological tests, neuropsychological diagnostics program, speech pathology (dysfunction), conditional age norm, cross section method, dextrocerebral (right hemisphere) problems, sinistrocerebral (left hemisphere) problems.
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Parshukov, A. Yu., Kharisova, R. R., Chebakova, Yu. V.. Relation of Different Types of Generalization to Different Variants of Schizophrenia Defect // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2014. – № 10. – P. 1092-1105. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2014.10.12731.
Review: The article is devoted to the functional and categorical types of generalization which reflect adequate variants of cognitive operations and relate to different levels of activity: 1) generalization of a great number of items that have very different sensitive features but that are usually used to satisfy universal social needs – ‘functional generalization’; and 2) generalization of a number of items that are usually used to achieve universal social goals – categorical generalization. The research is based on the Russian activity approach to studying the superior mental functions as well as discoveries of foreign authors who viewed the process of categorization and semantic processing of knowledge through studying peculiarities of the storage, processing and extraction from the long-term memory and through studying mental vocabulary. The authors assume that functional and categorical generalizations are actualized progressively along with the increasing general cognitive and emotional deficit demonstrated by a person with schizophrenia. According to the authors, oversensitivity to functional generalizations accompanied with their simultaneous distortion and decrease of categorical generalizations is more typical for the psychopathological schizophrenia defect; increase in categorical solutions when performing mental operations is more typical for pseudo-organic type of schizophrenia defect.
Keywords: schizophrenia, type of defect, thought disorder, activity, semantic organization of knowledge, social memory, generalization, cogitation, functional generalization, categorical generalization.
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Erzin, A. I.. Personal Predicates of Proactivity of Patients Suffering From Paranoid Schizophrenia // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2014. – № 6. – P. 642-652. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2014.6.11998.
Review: The author of the article views proactivity as a stable characteristic of mature personality. When it is normal, proactivity is presented as self-determined behavior, willingness to make active influence on the environment and life circumstances, ability to predict certain events, to set personally important goals and try to achieve them. The author studies personal determinants of proactive (i.e. self-determined) behavior of people suffering from paranoid schizophrenia. The author specifies that the following factors decrease or destruct proactivity of the patients: disadaptive stereotypes in the sphere of interpersonal communication and deficit of life-meaning orientations (including feeling satisfied only about current events, reduced ability to set long-term goals, absence of the feeling of control over one’s life and low internal control). The author also shows the role of delusionary symptoms in distorting patterns of proactive behavior when a patient is sick with schizophrenia and has tendencies towards avoidance of social contacts and autism. The majority of the listed above features correlate to low praoctivity which, in its turn, has a negative impact on the level of social functioning of patients. The author suggests that we should view the above mentioned problems as targets of the psychotherapeutic process aimed at restoration of social and cognitive functions of patients suffering from schizophrenia.
Keywords: proactivity, proactive behavior, schizophrenia, personal predicates, life-meaning orientations, stereotypes, self-determination, internality, goal-setting process, social functioning.
Contact information: Erzin Alexander Igorevich, 460018, Russia, Orenburg, GSP, pr. Pobedy 13.
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Sukhova, E. V.. Psychological Assistance of People Sick with Bronchial Asthma at ‘Asthma School’ // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2014. – № 4.
Review: In Russia over 7 million of people suffer from bronchial asthma. The medical and social role of this disease is highly significant. The wide spread of the disease among people of working age, high death risk and increasing disability of patients make bronchial asthma a social suffering. The main goal of treating of people sick with bronchial asthma is teaching patients to control and observe their disease. People sick with asthma attend classes at so called ‘Asthma School’. Asthma Schools have been taught in our country for over 20 years. However, the level of knowledge of patients about their disease is still low and they can’t observe and control their disease themselves. The purpose of the present research is to develop recommendations for pulmonary specialists and therapists on teaching patients with bronchial asthma to control their disease. The recommendations are based on the results of studying psychological qualities of patients and causes of their fears. The research involved 127 patients suffering from bronchial asthma including 62 males and 65 females. The respondents were tested by the standard clinical methods such as the SMIL test and the questionnaire developed by the author for studying causes of particular fears experienced by patients. According to the results, particular fears of patients suffering from bronchial asthma are mostly caused by their inability to control the disease, to deal with asthma attacks and a low level of knowledge about the disease in general. Based on the analysis of psychological qualities of patients with bronchial asthma, the author develops recommendations for a pulmonary specialist on how to teach at the Asthma School. According to the author, it is very useful to maintain good relations with a patient and to teach him particular algorithms of actions. A patient must also keep the self-observation notes (diary). Then a patient and a doctor analyze what causes asthma attacks.
Keywords: bronchial asthma, ‘Asthma School’, psychological assistance, emotions, fear, disability, defense mechanisms, behavior, personality disorders, rationalization.
Erzin, A. I.. Proactive Personal Resources of Patients Who Receive Rehabilitation Treatment After Cerebrovascular Accident // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2013. – № 9. – P. 889-896. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.9.9233.
Review: The study is devoted to personal constitution of proactive behavior of patients suffering from ischemic cerebrovascular accident. It has been established that the key personal predictors of formation of proactive patterns, based on the patients studied, are their socially determined needs (metaneeds) and a free will. The least developed elements of proactive patients with CVA are reflection and prognosis of consequences of one’s behavior which is most likely to be the result of decreased cognition. The most frequent proactive coping strategies in a group of patients include proactive, reflective and preventive coping. Proactive aggression as a deliberate violent behavior is rarely met compared to reactive aggression. In the course of the study it has been established that proactive personal elements represented as the patient’s desire to achieve personal goals, may be used as a personal resource influencing the success of rehabilitation measures.
Keywords: proactive behavior, proactivity, aggression, coping behavior, cerebrovascular accident, stroke, personal resources, coping strategies, reactive aggression, proactive aggression.
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Khudoyan, S. S.. Phenomenon of Childhood Autism From the Point of View of Ontogenetic Patterns of Development // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2013. – № 5. – P. 506-511. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.5.5896.
Review: The article is devoted to studying childhood autism from the point of view of dividing ontogenesis into periods. Each period is viewed as a program solving a particular task of development. Based on the author, when infantile autism occurs, the first stage of ontogenesis remains unsolved, which is the formation of species-related activity. It is further assumed that the main symptoms of childhood autism are the results of species-related alienation.
Keywords: psychology, early childhood autism, ontogenetic problem of development, consciousness reconstruction, development crisis, subject of species activity, three-year crisis, Self-conception, species-related consciousness, speciesrelated alienation.
Contact information: Khudoyan Samvel Sugrenovich, Armenia, Yerevan, pr. Tigran Metsi 17.
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Erzin, A. I.. Psychological Peculiarities of Destructive Behavior of Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2013. – № 3. – P. 288-293. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2013.03.9.
Review: The article is devoted to the study of psychological peculiarities determining destructive behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia. As the research shows, Ego-structures of such personalities have prevailing Ego functions such as deficiency aggression, destructive anxiety, external alienation of Ego and narcissism. The analysis of forms of aggressive behavior (based on Buss and Durkey’s method) shows that the studied group of patients manifests the following forms of aggression: suspicion, verbal aggression and guilt. Among unconscious tendencies and needs of patients suffering from schizophrenia the priorities include such needs as aggression, self-justification, harm-avoid behavior, failure-avoid behavior, understanding and denial. These peculiarities are subject to psychotherapeutic and preventive measures.
Keywords: psychology, aggression, destructive behavior, unconscious personal tendencies, predictors of aggression, Ego structure, projective tested, schizophrenia, needs, Hand-test.
Contact information: Erzin Alexander Igorevich, 460000, Russia, Orenburg, ul. Sovetskaya 6.
yunosheskoy maloprogredientnoy shizofreniey: avtoref. dis. na soisk. uch. st. ... kand. psikhologicheskikh nauk.
kandidata psikhologicheskikh nauk. M., 2007. 22 s.
kovodstvo. SPb.: GMNPPP «IMATON», 2001.
Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya: elektron. nauch. zhurn. 2010. № 2(10). URL: http://psystudy.ru.
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Chebakova, Y.V., Perederyaeva L.V.. Gender factors of psychosomatic symptom formation (on the model of somatoform disorders) // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2012. – № 6. – P. 55-60.
Review: The articles presents the study focused on analysis of gender psychosomatic symptom formation. The study involved 20 women diagnosed with F45.3 — “somatoform dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system”, and 20 women without diagnosed somatoform disorders with the use of the gender role questionnaire BSRI S. Bam. The article shows that gender identity is a complex system, in which structure the following components are identified: a gender ideal, gender stereotype and internal gender. The article confirms that an internal gender acts as a flexible, dynamic education, changing its values in the course of the disease. Authors had found that the psychological factor of somatoform disorders appears in inconsistency of gender ideals, gender stereotypes and internal gender. The article allocates two gender factors of psychosomatic symptom formation that implement two different strategies of pseudo-resolution of the intrapersonal conflict: the rejection of the internal gender and finding more femininity.
Keywords: psychology, psychosomatics, disease, conflict, symptom, identity, femininity, gender, ideal, stereotype.
2. Alekseev B.E. Polorolevoe povedenie i ego aktsentuatsii. SPb: Rech', 2006. 144 s.
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terapiya, modeli meditsinskoy pomoshchi) // Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii. 1999. T. 99. № 4. S. 4-16.
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Kuleshova, K. V.. Empiric Research of Factors of Psychological Problems of a Pregnant Woman // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2012. – № 1. – P. 85-92.
Review: Women’s level of anxiety often relates to such situations as a) trimester of pregnancy (which has been already proved by other researchers earlier); b) the way a woman perceives stressful events and situations; c) previous experience of pregnancy (whether the pregnancy is the first one or not).
Keywords: gy, problems, pregnancy, anxiety, stressful events, trimester of pregnancy, perception of events, physical health, psychological problems, safe maternity.
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Izd-vo Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta, 2000.
zdorov'ya. M.: URAO, 2003a. S. 26-27.
psikhologicheskogo obshchestva: «Psikhologiya — budushchemu Rossii», 18-21 sentyabrya 2007 g. T. 2. Rostov-n/D., 2007.
5. Mendelevich V.D. Ginekologicheskaya psikhiatriya. Kazan', 1996.
6. Savel'eva G.M. Akusherstvo. M., 2000.
7. Tapilina B.C. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskiy status i zdorov'e naseleniya // Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya.
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Kuleshova, K. V.. Emotional States of Pregnant Women // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2011. – № 11. – P. 64-73.
Review: The author of the article studied emotional states of pregnant women throughout the last ten years. This study is important because it both relates to psychosomatic medicine paying attention at chronic negative emotional states influencing physical health and to the task of ensuring high quality of life of pregnant women. As the study shows, a woman can actually enjoy her pregnancy, although positive emotions are less typical for them compared to women in a post-natal period. Pregnant women often experience such emotions as surprise, compassion, interest, empathy and anxiety; a bit more rarely they feel shame, shyness and fear. Pregnant women are more imposed to the influence of negative emotions compared to women in a post-natal period. They also show fewer social contacts and communications due to their emotional and physical states.
Keywords: psychology, pregnancy, shame, guilt, offence, anger, quality of life, social contacts, anxiety, shyness.
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siyskogo foruma «Zdorov'e natsii — osnova protsvetaniya Rossii». M.: izd-vo MGU, 2005. S. 39-42.
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Afanasieva, E. D.. Sensibility to Child’s Needs in the System of Psychological Adaptation of HIV Positive Females towards Maternity // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2011. – № 12. – P. 59-72.
Review: The article describes peculiarities of psychological adaptation of HIP positive mothers. The study involved 135 mothers who had children younger than 2 years old. The main group was made up by HIV positive mothers and the control group included conventionally healthy females. The author studied emotional disturbances (integrated anxiety test, Beck’s depression scale were used as methods of the study), quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire), significant relations (incomplete-sentence test, TOBOL), parental attitudes (PARI) and particular interaction with a child (observance and psychological interview). The results of a poly-structured interview with females provide by the observance over mother-and-child interactions allowed to define the indicator of woman’s adaptation towards maternity – her sensibility to behavioral manifestations of child’s needs. It is shown that low sensibility to child’s needs is connected with other dysfunctional characteristics of the mother-and-child interaction as well as the feeling of dissatisfaction and uncertain parental attitudes. HIV positive mothers with low sensibility towards their child’s needs are characterized by emotional disturbances, low quality of life and aggravated medical and social history.
Keywords: psychology, HIV/AIDS, mother’s attitude, babyhood and toddle age, mother’s sensibility, disturbance, adaptation towards maternity.
meditsinskiy obrazovatel'nyy tsentr, 2010. 752 s.
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S.V. Grechanyy. SPb: Piter, 2002. 256 s.
7. Sukhikh G.T. Reproduktivnoe zdorov'e i VICh-infektsiya / G.T. Sukhikh, I.I. Baranov. M.: Triada, 2009. 206 s.
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viral testing of their infants / M. Shannon, K. Lee // Womens Ment Health. 2008. V. 11. P. 259-267.
Buzina, T. S., Shatalov, P. N.. Specificity of tsennostno-semantic sphere of the narcodependent // Psychology and Psychotechnics. – 2011. – № 7. – P. 33-45.
Review: given article represents results of research of tsennostno-semantic sphere of consumers of psychoactive substances. Comparison substantial and dynamic characteristics of motivational sphere of patients with dependence on the psychoactive substances which are receiving and not receiving the psychotherapeutic help was an objective of this research. Research has shown that patients with experience of psychotherapeutic intervention are more focused on productive activity have more adaptive and socialized hierarchy that is possible, reflects positive influence of psychotherapy. The conducted research also specifies in values which are necessary for developing in the course of medical-rehabilitation actions with the patients dependent on psychoactive substances.
Keywords: psychology, psychoactive substances, psychotherapy, dependence, a narcotism, alcoholism, motivation, valuable orientations, hierarchies of values, smyslo-vital orientations.
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Review: Abstract: the author described psychological features of post-insult conditions and studied neuropsychological and clinical aspects of motor re-training.

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