Source: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/104/621/
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 20:18:20+00:00

Document:
The Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Colorado has no jurisdiction of an indictment against a white man for the murder of a white man within the Ute Reservation in the State of Colorado.
"Whether the Circuit Court of the United States sitting in and for the District of Colorado has jurisdiction of the crime of murder committed by a white man upon a white man within the Ute Reservation in said district and within the geographical limits of the State of Colorado."
United States, except the District of Columbia, shall extend to the Indian country."
Rev.Stat., sec. 629, cl. 20, sec. 2145, sec. 5339, cl. 1.
"If bad men among the whites or among other people, subject to the authority of the United States, shall commit any wrong upon the person or property of the Indians,"
"If bad men among the Indians shall commit a wrong or depredation upon the person or property of any one, white, black, or Indian, subject to the authority of the United States and at peace therewith, the tribes herein named solemnly agree that they will, on proof made to their agent, and notice to him, deliver up the wrongdoer to the United States, to be tried and punished according to its laws."
"The President may at any time order a survey of the reservation, and when so surveyed, Congress shall provide for protecting the rights of such Indian settlers in their improvements, and may fix the character of the title held by each,"
"the United States may pass such laws on the subject of alienation and descent of property, and on all subjects connected with the government of the Indians on said reservation and the internal police thereof, as may be thought proper."
"The Constitution and all laws of the United States which are not locally inapplicable shall have the same force and effect within the said Territory of Colorado as elsewhere within the United States."
12 Stat. 172, 176. If this provision of the first section had remained in force after Colorado became a State, this indictment might doubtless have been maintained in the circuit court of the United States. United States v. Rogers, 4 How. 567; Bates v. Clark, 95 U. S. 204; United States v. Ward, 1 Woolw. 17, 21.
"to form for themselves out of said territory a state government with the name of the State of Colorado, which state, when formed, shall be admitted into the Union upon an equal footing with the original States in all respects whatsoever,"
and the act contains no exception of the Ute Reservation or of jurisdiction over it. 18 Stat., pt. 3, p. 474. The provision of section one of the subsequent Act of June 26, 1876, c. 147, 19 Stat. 61, that upon the admission of the State of Colorado into the Union, "the laws of the United States not locally inapplicable shall have the same force and effect within the state as elsewhere within the United States" does not create any such exception. Such a provision has a less extensive effect within the limits of one of the states of the Union than in one of the territories of which the United States have sole and exclusive jurisdiction.
it has done so by express words. The Kansas Indians, 5 Wall. 737; United States v. Ward, supra. The State of Colorado, by its admission into the Union by Congress upon an equal footing with the original states in all respects whatever, without any such exception as had been made in the treaty with the Ute Indians and in the act establishing a territorial government, has acquired criminal jurisdiction over its own citizens and other white persons throughout the whole of the territory within its limits, including the Ute Reservation, and that reservation is no longer within the sole and exclusive jurisdiction of the United States. The courts of the United States have therefore no jurisdiction to punish crimes within that reservation unless so far as may be necessary to carry out such provisions of the treaty with the Ute Indians as remain in force. But that treaty contains no stipulation for the punishment of offenses committed by white men against white men. It follows that the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Colorado has no jurisdiction of this indictment, but, according to the practice heretofore adopted in like cases, should deliver up the prisoner to the authorities of the State of Colorado to be dealt with according to law. United States v. Cisna, 1 McLean, 254, 265; Coleman v. Tennessee, 97 U. S. 509, 97 U. S. 519.

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