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Timestamp: 2019-04-19 12:46:49+00:00

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2. The disqualification for holding similar offices or employments either perpetually or during the term of the sentence according to the extent of such disqualification.
Art. 32. Effect of the penalties of perpetual or temporary special disqualification for the exercise of the right of suffrage. — The perpetual or temporary special disqualification for the exercise of the right of suffrage shall deprive the offender perpetually or during the term of the sentence, according to the nature of said penalty, of the right to vote in any popular election for any public office or to be elected to such office. Moreover, the offender shall not be permitted to hold any public office during the period of his disqualification.
Deprivation of the right to vote or to be elected in an office.
Cannot hold any public office during the period of disqualification.
Art. 33. Effects of the penalties of suspension from any public office, profession or calling, or the right of suffrage. — The suspension from public office, profession or calling, and the exercise of the right of suffrage shall disqualify the offender from holding such office or exercising such profession or calling or right of suffrage during the term of the sentence.
The person suspended from holding public office shall not hold another having similar functions during the period of his suspension.
a Disqualification from holding such office or the exercise of such profession or right of suffrage during the term of the sentence.
b Cannot hold another office having similar functions during the period of suspension.
Art. 34. Civil interdiction. — Civil interdiction shall deprive the offender during the time of his sentence of the rights of parental authority, or guardianship, either as to the person or property of any ward, of marital authority, of the right to manage his property and of the right to dispose of such property by any act or any conveyance inter vivos.
Art. 35. Effects of bond to keep the peace. — It shall be the duty of any person sentenced to give bond to keep the peace, to present two sufficient sureties who shall undertake that such person will not commit the offense sought to be prevented, and that in case such offense be committed they will pay the amount determined by the court in the judgment, or otherwise to deposit such amount in the office of the clerk of the court to guarantee said undertaking.
The court shall determine, according to its discretion, the period of duration of the bond.
Should the person sentenced fail to give the bond as required he shall be detained for a period which shall in no case exceed six months, is he shall have been prosecuted for a grave or less grave felony, and shall not exceed thirty days, if for a light felony.
Bond to keep the peace is different from bail bond which is posted for the provisional release of a person arrested for or accused of a crime. Bond to keep the peace or for good behavior is imposed as a penalty in threats.
Art. 36. Pardon; its effect. — A pardon shall not work the restoration of the right to hold public office, or the right of suffrage, unless such rights be expressly restored by the terms of the pardon.
A pardon shall in no case exempt the culprit from the payment of the civil indemnity imposed upon him by the sentence.
Pardon by the President does not restore the right to public office or suffrage except when both are expressly restored in the pardon. Nor does it exempt from civil liability/from payment of civil indemnity.
Pardon granted in general terms does not include accessory penalties.
Pardon by the offended party – does not extinguish criminal liability, may include offended party waiving civil indemnity and it is done before the institution of the criminal prosecution and extended to both offenders.
Art. 37. Cost. — What are included. — Costs shall include fees and indemnities in the course of the judicial proceedings, whether they be fixed or unalterable amounts previously determined by law or regulations in force, or amounts not subject to schedule.
Costs (expenses of the litigation) are chargeable to the accused in vase of conviction.
1. The reparation of the damage caused.
2. Indemnification of consequential damages.
4. The cost of the proceedings.
Applicable “in case property of the offender should not be sufficient for the payment of all his pecuniary liabilities.” Hence, if the offender has insufficient or no property, there is no use for Art 38.
Example: Juan inflicted serious physical injuries against Pedro and took the latter’s watch and ring. He incurred 500 worth of hospital bills and failed to earn 300 worth of salary. Given that Juan only has 1000 pesos worth of property not exempt from execution, it shall be first applied to the payment of the watch and ring which cannot be returned as such is covered by “reparation of the damage caused” thus, no. 1 in the order of payment. The 500 and 300 are covered by “indemnification of the consequential damage” thus, no. 2 in the order of payment.
1. If the principal penalty imposed be prision correccional or arresto and fine, he shall remain under confinement until his fine referred to in the preceding paragraph is satisfied, but his subsidiary imprisonment shall not exceed one-third of the term of the sentence, and in no case shall it continue for more than one year, and no fraction or part of a day shall be counted against the prisoner.
2. When the principal penalty imposed be only a fine, the subsidiary imprisonment shall not exceed six months, if the culprit shall have been prosecuted for a grave or less grave felony, and shall not exceed fifteen days, if for a light felony.
3. When the principal imposed is higher than prision correccional, no subsidiary imprisonment shall be imposed upon the culprit.
4. If the principal penalty imposed is not to be executed by confinement in a penal institution, but such penalty is of fixed duration, the convict, during the period of time established in the preceding rules, shall continue to suffer the same deprivations as those of which the principal penalty consists.
There is no subsidiary penalty for non-payment of reparation, indemnification and costs in par 1, 2 and 4 of Art 38. It is only for fines.
Art 39 applies only when the convict has no property with which to meet the fine in par 3 of art 38. Thus, a convict who has property enough to meet the fine and not exempted from execution cannot choose to serve the subsidiary penalty instead of the payment of the fine.
Subsidiary imprisonment is not an accessory penalty. It is covered by Art 40-45 of this Code. Accessory penalties are deemed imposed even when not mentioned while subsidiary imprisonment must be expressly imposed.
Prision correccional or arresto and fine Not exceed 1/3 of term of sentence, in no case more than 1 year fraction or part of a day not counted.
If financial circumstances improve, convict still to pay the fine even if he has suffered subsidiary personal liability.
the penalty imposed must be PC, AM, Am, suspension, destierro and fine only. – other than these (PM, RT, RP) court cannot impose subsidiary penalty.
Even if the penalty imposed is not higher than PC, if the accused is a habitual delinquent who deserves an additional penalty of 12 yrs and 1 day of RT, there is no subsidiary imprisonment.
Art. 40. Death — Its accessory penalties. — The death penalty, when it is not executed by reason of commutation or pardon shall carry with it that of perpetual absolute disqualification and that of civil interdiction during thirty years following the date sentence, unless such accessory penalties have been expressly remitted in the pardon.
Posted on January 24, 2012, in Criminal Law and tagged Criminal Law Book 1 Articles 31 - 40. Bookmark the permalink.	Leave a comment.

References: Art. 32

Art. 33

Art. 34

Art. 35

Art. 36

Art. 37
 Art 38
 Art 38

Art 39
 art 38
 Art 40

Art. 40