Source: http://halakhah.com/shabbath/shabbath_31.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-26 08:22:05+00:00

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Insolently, without the courtesy of a title.
Hillel himself was a Babylonian.
V. p. 91, n. 8.
Hence their feet must be wide to enable them to walk there, just as ducks' feet are webbed.
Patriarch, the religious head of the people.
Torah, pl. Toroth, is generally, though incorrectly, translated 'law'. It means rather a system of teaching; v. R.T. Herford, The Pharisees, pp. 53ff.
The Written Torah is the Pentateuch; the Oral Torah is the whole body of Rabbinical and traditional teaching thereon. This was originally not committed to writing (for the reasons v. Weiss, Dor, 111, 24b; and Kaplan, Redaction of the Talmud, ch. XIX), and hence designated the Oral Torah. Weiss, op. cit. I, p. 1, n. 1. observes that Hillel was the first man to whom the use of the term [H], 'Oral Law' is found ascribed.
The first four letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
As to what the letters are.
There must be a certain reliance upon authority before anything can be learnt at all. Cf. M. Farbridge, Judaism and the Modern Mind, chs. VII and VIII.
Rashi: a cubit to measure off the amount of work done by a builder.
The golden Rule; cf. Lev. XIX, 18: but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.- V. Hertz, Leviticus, pp. 22 or 223, and cf. R. T. Herford, Talmud and Apocrypha, p. 148.
The laws appertaining to the functions of a High Priest.
From these stories it would appear that proselytes were eagerly accepted by Hillel; v. Kid., Sonc. ed., p. 313, n. 3.
These are the six orders into which the Talmud is divided. Faith is applied to Seeds, because it requires faith in the Almighty to sow with the assurance of a crop (J.T.); 'times' as meaning Festivals is self-explanatory; hosen, here translated 'strength', is derived by Rashi from a root meaning to inherit, and thus identified with the Order of Women, because heirs are created through women; Nezikin treats of civil law, knowledge of which saves men (i.e., brings him 'salvation') from encroaching upon his neighbour's rights or allowing his own to be filched away; the last two Orders are very intricate and require deep understanding, and are therefore identified with wisdom and knowledge.
Ibid. Learning without piety is valueless.
That is Raba's interpretation of the verse; he too translates 'hosen' as inheritance, and thus applies it to procreation (v. preceding note), and understands 'knowledge' as the process of inferring the unknown from the known.
last.: a sandy soil containing salty substances and used for the preservation of wheat.
Of dishonesty, when he sells the whole as grain, because that proportion is necessary for its preservation. One kab = one hundred and eightieth of a kor.
IF HE WOULD SPARE THE LAMP, etc. With whom does R. Jose agree? If with R. Judah,17 then one should be liable for the others too; and if with R. Simeon,18 he should be exempt even for[sparing] the wick? — Said 'Ulla, After all, he agrees with R. Judah; yet R. Jose holds that demolishing in order to rebuild on the same site is destroying, but if it is in order to rebuild elsewhere, it is not destroying.19 Said Rabbah to him, Consider; all forms of labour are derived from the Tabernacle,20 yet there it was taking down in order to rebuild elsewhere?21 It was different there, answered he; for since it is written, At the commandment of the Lord they encamped, [and at the commandment of the Lord they journeyed],22 it was like demolishing in order to rebuild on the same site.
But R. Johanan maintained: After all, he agrees with R. Simeon, yet why is the case of a wick different? As R. Hamnuna-others state, R. Adda b. Ahabah-said: This refers to a wick which needs singeing,23 and in such a case even R. Simeon agrees since he renders an object fit.24 Raba said, This may be inferred too, for it is stated, BECAUSE HE MAKES CHARCOAL, and not, because a charcoal is formed.25 This proves it.
Learning is a gate whereby one enters the court of piety. Woe to him who prepares the entry without the court itself!
By 'fear' not dread but awe and reverence is to be understood, proceeding out of man's realization of God's essential perfection. This reverence, and the attempt to attain something of that perfection which it inculcates, is man's highest aim in life, and that is probably the meaning of this dictum; cf. Maim. (Guide, III, 52.
in the Yalkut, 'Ekeb, 855 the reading is: Rabbi and R. Eleazar b. Simeon.
The former is a greater attribute.
This would be R. Eleazar b. Pedath, R. Johanan's younger contemporary; he is hardly likely to have quoted him. Hence the Yalkut's version given in p. 142, n. 7 is preferable, and the reading is: R. Johanan in the name of R. Eleazar b. R. Simeon.
i.e., cherishes nothing so highly.
Thus translating: the fear of the Lord is one, unique (in God's affections).
Sc. R. Eleazar's (or, R. Eleazar b. Simeon's) view.
i.e., having sinned a little, do not think that you must go on sinning.
Regarding harzuboth as a combination of hared (trembling) and 'azeb (grief-stricken) and translating ulam, a hall, edifice.
Which close their understanding. The loins (reins) were regarded as the seat of understanding.
One is not liable for desecrating the Sabbath when his work is destructive; but if he demolishes a house in order to rebuild, it is regarded as constructive. Now, extinguishing a wick, thereby destroying its light, is the equivalent of demolishing a house; if the purpose is to save the wick to be used again later, it is analogous to demolishing a house to build on the same site, since it is the wick which is extinguished and the wick which is to be relit. But if the purpose is to save the oil or the lamp, it is analogous to demolishing a house in order to rebuild elsewhere, for whereas the wick is extinguished, it is the oil or lamp that is saved for subsequent use.
The Tabernacle was only taken down when they had to journey onwards, and it was re-erected on their new camping pitch.
In order to burn clearer.
For its purpose, and thus it is a labour needed for itself, which involves liability.
The text implies that by extinguishing it he intends making charcoal, i.e., to make it more ready for relighting, and thus must apply to a wick which needs singeing.
On the terms v. Glos.
[In time before Sabbath sets in, v. Strashun].
Rebi'ith=one log=one fourth of a kab, and was held to be the smallest quantity of blood within a human being on which life in be supported.
Not to shed it: Gen. IX. 5f.

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