Source: https://www.sec.gov/litigation/complaints/complr17407.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 02:15:28+00:00

Document:
Complaint: SEC v. Paul Skulsky, et al.
1. From May 1997 through June 2000, AppOnline.com, Inc. ("AppOnline"), a now-bankrupt mortgage company, engaged in two simultaneous schemes that defrauded AppOnline's public investors. First, AppOnline diverted more than $60 million that was supposed to be used to fund mortgage loans in order to pay AppOnline's operating expenses and, thereafter, covered up the truth in its publicly-filed financial reports. Second, AppOnline manipulated the public market for AppOnline common stock by paying bribes in exchange for three brokerage firms recommending the purchase of AppOnline stock to their retail customers, thereby defrauding those retail customers and the investing public.
2. Paul Skulsky (a previously-convicted felon and undisclosed control person of AppOnline), Jeffrey Skulsky (AppOnline's President), Capuano (AppOnline's Chief Executive Officer), Eisele (AppOnline's Chief Financial Officer), Casuccio (an outside auditor), Schneider (an outside auditor), Chaitovsky (an outside auditor), and Glass (an outside auditor) all participated in the financial fraud scheme. As the control persons of AppOnline, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano directed the financial fraud. Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, and Eisele signed false financial reports filed with the Commission. Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider implemented the financial fraud. Casuccio, Schneider, Chaitovsky, and Glass issued fraudulent audit opinions concerning AppOnline's financial statements.
3. Paul Skulsky also directed the market manipulation scheme. Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano (collectively, "Broker Defendants") all participated in the market manipulation scheme by receiving bribes from Paul Skulsky in exchange for recommending the purchase of AppOnline stock to retail customers. By paying these bribes, Paul Skulsky created an artificial market for AppOnline stock, which distorted both the trading volume and price for AppOnline stock. As a result, 1.4 million shares of AppOnline stock were sold to unsuspecting investors for more than $5.5 million.
Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano have engaged in, and unless enjoined, will continue to engage, directly or indirectly, in acts, practices, or courses of business, that constitute violations of Section 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 ("Securities Act"), 15 U.S.C. § 77q(a), Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Exchange Act"), 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5.
Chaitovsky and Glass, have engaged in, and unless enjoined, will continue to engage, directly or indirectly, in acts, practices, or courses of business, that constitute violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), Rule 10b-5 thereunder, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5, and Section 10A of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j-1.
Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider, have engaged in, and unless enjoined, will continue to engage, directly or indirectly, in conduct that constitutes a violation of Section 13(b)(5) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78m(b)(5), and Rule 13b2-1, 17 C.F.R. § 240.13b2-1.
Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano have engaged in, and unless enjoined, will continue to engage, directly or indirectly, or as controlling persons within the meaning of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(a), in conduct that constitutes a violation of Sections 13(a) and 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78m(a) and 78m(b)(2), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Chaitovsky, and Glass, have engaged in, and unless enjoined, will continue to engage in conduct that, directly or indirectly violates, or that aids and abets within the meaning of Section 20(e) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(e), violations of, Sections 13(a) and 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78m(a) and 78m(b)(2), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
5. The Commission brings this action to pursuant Section 20(b) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(b), and Section 21(d) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d), and seeks permanent injunctions to restrain and enjoin the Defendants from engaging in the acts, practices and courses of business alleged herein. The Commission also seeks an order requiring Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano to disgorge their ill-gotten gains and pay prejudgment interest thereon. The Commission also seeks civil monetary penalties, pursuant to Section 20(d) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(d), and Section 21(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d)(3), against all Defendants. Finally, the Commission seeks an order, pursuant to Section 20(e) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(e), and Section 21(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d)(2), barring Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano from acting as an officer or director of a public company.
6. This Court has jurisdiction over this action pursuant to Sections 20(b), 20(d) and 22(a) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 77t(b), 77t(d), and 77v(a), and Sections 21(d), 21(e) and 27 of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78u(d), 78u(e), and 78aa.
7. Venue lies in this Court pursuant to Section 22(a) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77v(a), and Section 27 of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78aa. Certain of the transactions, acts, practices and courses of business alleged herein occurred within the Eastern District of New York. For instance, AppOnline maintained its principal place of business in Melville, New York, and all of the defendants engaged in certain acts in the Eastern District of New York.
8. Defendants, directly or indirectly, have each made use of the means or instrumentalities of interstate commerce, the means or instruments of transportation or communication in interstate commerce, and/or the mails, in connection with the acts, practices and courses of business alleged herein.
9. Paul Skulsky, age 58, resides in Woodmere, New York. From 1997 to 2000, Paul Skulsky served as a de facto senior officer and director of AppOnline. In 1985, Paul Skulsky was convicted of criminal mail fraud, racketeering, and tax evasion charges in connection with the sale of securities in a multi-million dollar tax shelter scheme.
10. Jeffrey Skulsky, age 50, resides in New York, New York. Jeffrey Skulsky was AppOnline's President and a director from November 1998 to June 2000. He is the brother of Paul Skulsky.
11. Capuano, age 53, is a resident of Larchmont, New York. Capuano was AppOnline's Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") from May 1997 through June 2000.
12. Eisele, age 37, a resident of East Northport, New York, was AppOnline's Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") from 1997 through June 2000.
13. Casuccio, age 49, is a resident of Hauppauge, New York. Casuccio audited AppOnline's financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1997 and December 31, 1998.
14. Schneider, age 37, is a resident of Commack, New York. Schneider audited AppOnline's financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998. Schneider also performed extensive test work for the audit of AppOnline's December 31, 1999 financial statements.
15. Chaitovsky, age 45, is a resident of Plainview, New York. Chaitovsky audited AppOnline's December 31, 1999 financial statements.
16. Glass, age 59, is a resident of New York, New York. Glass reviewed and approved the audit of AppOnline's December 31, 1999 financial statements.
17. Nemiroff, age 59, is a resident of Great Neck, New York. Nemiroff was a registered principal of Ash & Co., Inc. ("Ash"), a defunct broker-dealer formerly located in New York, New York.
18. Siclari, age 45, a resident of Nyack, New York, was an undisclosed principal at Ash.
19. Carhart, age 53, a resident of Fort Lee, New Jersey, was an undisclosed principal at Ash.
20. Zelin, age 46, is a resident of Woodbury, New York. Zelin was a registered principal at Worthington Capital Group, Inc. ("Worthington"), a now defunct New York broker-dealer.
21. D'Elia, age 31, is a resident of Hicksville, New York. During 1997 and early 1998, D'Elia was a registered representative ("RR") at Worthington.
22. Brandwein, age 42, is a resident of Commack, New York. During 1998, Brandwein was a RR and, with Catapano, ran the Garden City, New York office of International Bond & Share ("IBS"), a now defunct broker-dealer. Brandwein later worked at IBS's office located in Syosset, New York.
23. Catapano, age 45, is a resident of Oceanside, New York. During 1998, Catapano was a RR and, with Brandwein, ran the Garden City office of IBS.
24. AppOnline is a Delaware corporation that had its home office in Melville, New York. AppOnline was a mortgage company from 1997 through June 2000. Between May 1997 and April 1999, AppOnline was known as IMN Financial, Inc. and operated under the Island Mortgage Network trade name. By April 2000, AppOnline had fifty branch offices in over twenty states. AppOnline's Melville office handled all loan decisions and record-keeping functions. Beginning in May 1997, AppOnline's stock was quoted on the NASD's Over-the-Counter Electronic Bulletin Board. In September 1999, AppOnline's stock began trading on the American Stock Exchange. Between 1997 and 2000, AppOnline shares traded at prices between $0.60 and $7 per share. On July 19, 2000, AppOnline filed for bankruptcy and ceased operations.
25. AppOnline provided mortgage loans to prospective homeowners. AppOnline obtained the funds for these mortgage loans through lines of credit from lending institutions known as "warehouse banks." Immediately following the closing of a mortgage loan, AppOnline would sell the mortgage loan to various financial institutions on the secondary mortgage market. AppOnline would use the proceeds of that sale to repay the warehouse bank. AppOnline's revenues consisted primarily of the points and other fees paid by borrowers in connection with originating the mortgage loans.
26. In May 1997, AppOnline's common stock began trading publicly after a merger with a shell corporation. At that time, AppOnline's senior management consisted of Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano. Paul Skulsky was responsible for arranging financing for AppOnline's operations and acquisitions; Jeffrey Skulsky was responsible for day to day management of AppOnline's administrative operations; Capuano was responsible for AppOnline's relationships with warehouse banks and supervision of its sales offices. While Jeffrey Skulsky and Capuano were named officers of AppOnline, Paul Skulsky never received a formal title at AppOnline because he wanted to hide the fact that a convicted felon was acting as one of AppOnline's senior officers and directors.
27. During 1997, AppOnline began filing annual and quarterly reports with the Commission. Shortly after becoming a public company, AppOnline began losing money from its operations because it was expanding its operations through acquisitions, but the mortgage fees generated from those acquisitions did not cover the expenses of the expanding operations.
28. AppOnline's management began to cover its operating losses by diverting for other uses the funds that had been loaned to AppOnline for specific use as mortgage loans by the warehouse banks. When a particular mortgage loan was then ready to close, AppOnline delivered the funds required for that particular loan from any funds available (i.e., including funds obtained for other pending mortgage loans). Additionally, if a specific mortgage loan did not close and AppOnline needed to return the loan funds to a warehouse bank, AppOnline would use any available funds to repay the warehouse bank, including funds that were supposed to be used for other mortgage loans. Over time, this practice evolved into a type of Ponzi scheme, whereby AppOnline used later funds received from warehouse banks to fund earlier mortgage loans.
29. On its internal financial books and records, AppOnline recorded the amount wrongfully diverted from mortgage loan funds as a liability to certain escrow agents involved in the transfer of the mortgage loan funds. In fact, AppOnline owed the diverted funds to its warehouse banks. When it came time to report publicly its financial statements, AppOnline further disguised its growing liability to its warehouse banks by creating a phantom payable to The Skulsky Trust, a related party controlled by Paul Skulsky and Jeffrey Skulsky. Then, to reduce the amount supposedly owed to The Skulsky Trust, Paul Skulsky and Casuccio directed Eisele to offset certain debts supposedly owed to AppOnline by other related parties controlled by Paul Skulsky and Jeffrey Skulsky against AppOnline's liability to The Skulsky Trust. Thus, in addition to fraudulently describing the debt as owed to The Skulsky Trust, AppOnline also violated Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") by offsetting the supposed receivables from other related parties against The Skulsky Trust payable.
30. On March 31, 1998, AppOnline filed a Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, which included AppOnline's 1997 financial statements. Capuano signed AppOnline's December 31, 1997 Form 10-KSB as CEO, president and a director. Eisele signed the Form 10-KSB as CFO.
31. The 1997 Form 10-KSB was false and misleading because it: (a) failed to disclose Paul Skulsky's management role at AppOnline; (b) misrepresented AppOnline's liabilities because it failed to disclose that AppOnline had incurred a liability of at least $4.9 million to the warehouse banks and, instead, falsely reported that AppOnline owed approximately $4.9 million to The Skulsky Trust when, in fact, AppOnline did not owe The Skulsky Trust anything; and (c) understated AppOnline's operating loss by an additional $700,000 by ignoring certain commission expenses and overstating income from management fees.
32. During 1998, AppOnline's operations continued to lose money. Additionally, because AppOnline had diverted funds designated for specific mortgage loans to pay its operating expenses during 1997, AppOnline also had to replace those funds so that those mortgage loans could close. In response, AppOnline misappropriated even more funds from warehouse banks. To help conceal the increasing debt to its warehouse banks, AppOnline continued to: (a) falsely report that it owed that debt to The Skulsky Trust; and (b) wrongfully offset receivables from other related parties against AppOnline's phony debt to The Skulsky Trust.
33. In addition to continuing the ongoing financial fraud concerning its debt to warehouse banks, during 1998, Paul Skulsky, Capuano, and Casuccio artificially removed several money-losing subsidiaries from AppOnline's financial reports. Specifically, in March 1998 and October 1998, AppOnline entered into two phony sale transactions with Northport Industries, Inc. ("Northport"), a shell corporation controlled by Paul Skulsky. Through these transactions, AppOnline appeared to have sold certain subsidiaries to Northport, but AppOnline continued to manage the subsidiaries. Northport executed a note payable to AppOnline for the subsidiaries, and also agreed to pay AppOnline a management fee of $50,000 per month. Through these paper transactions, AppOnline avoided recognizing approximately $2.4 million in losses sustained by the subsidiaries. Paul Skulsky, Capuano, and Casuccio knew that the Northport transactions were not arms-length transactions and that they served no business purpose except to enable AppOnline to avoid reporting the losses incurred by its subsidiaries.
34. On April 15, 1999, AppOnline filed an amended Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 1998. Capuano signed the Form 10-KSB as CEO, Eisele signed as CFO, and Jeffrey Skulsky signed as President. The Form 10-KSB reported $787,297 in income from operations.
35. The 1998 Form 10-KSB was false and misleading because it: (a) failed to disclose the management role of Paul Skulsky; (b) failed to disclose that AppOnline owed at least $10.4 million to the warehouse banks and, instead, stated that AppOnline owed approximately $10.4 million to The Skulsky Trust when, in fact, it owed nothing to The Skulsky Trust; (c) failed to report at least $2.4 million in 1998 operating losses attributable to the subsidiaries that were the subject of phony sales to Northport; and (d) inflated revenues and underreported other expenses by approximately $735,000. Thus, instead of reporting $787,297 in operating income, AppOnline's 1998 Form 10-KSB should have reported an operating loss of at least $3.2 million.
36. By December 31, 1999, AppOnline had misappropriated approximately $47 million from its warehouse banks. By the end of 1999, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano decided to remove AppOnline's phony liability to The Skulsky Trust from AppOnline's balance sheet without recognizing any liability to the warehouse banks. To accomplish this, among other things, AppOnline issued 18,191,534 shares of AppOnline stock to The Skulsky Trust in exchange for extinguishing the debt AppOnline purportedly owed to The Skulsky Trust.
37. On April 14, 2000, AppOnline filed with the Commission a Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999, which included AppOnline's financial statements. Capuano signed the filing as CEO and chairman of the board, Eisele signed as CFO, treasurer and principal accounting officer, and Jeffrey Skulsky signed as AppOnline's president and a director.
38. The 1999 Form 10-K was false and misleading because it: (a) failed to disclose the management role of Paul Skulsky; (b) omitted the $47 million liability to warehouse banks while stating that the previous purported debt to The Skulsky Trust had been exchanged for AppOnline equity securities; and (c) understated expenses and overstated revenues by approximately $1.5 million.
39. In addition to the false and misleading annual reports described above, AppOnline filed quarterly reports that also contained the same type of financial misrepresentations described above. Capuano signed each of the Forms 10-QSB and 10-Q filed from 1998 to 2000, including the March 31, 1999 Form 10-QSB, as AppOnline's president, principal executive officer and principal financial officer.
40. AppOnline's false and misleading financial statements for fiscal years 1997 and 1998 were also incorporated in registration statements filed by AppOnline. For example, AppOnline filed a Form S-1 with the Commission on December 29, 1999, which was materially misleading because it reported the false payable to The Skulsky Trust. Specifically, the Form S-1 falsely stated that approximately $15.9 million was owed to The Skulsky Trust as of September 30, 1999 when, in fact, substantially more funds were owed to the warehouse banks, as of that time.
41. Casuccio audited AppOnline's 1997 financial statements and issued an audit opinion that falsely stated that AppOnline's financial statements were prepared in conformity with GAAP and that the audits were conducted in accordance with Generally Accepted Auditing Standards ("GAAS"). Casuccio and Schneider audited AppOnline's 1998 financial statements and issued an audit opinion that falsely stated that those financial statements were prepared in conformity with GAAP and that the audits were conducted in accordance with GAAS. In fact, the 1997 and 1998 financial statements were not prepared in conformity with GAAP and the audits were not conducted in accordance with GAAS.
42. In addition to serving as manager of the 1998 audit, Schneider served as an internal auditor for AppOnline during the 1999 audit, and he helped prepare the 1999 financial statements. Specifically, Schneider prepared schedules, including an analysis of AppOnline's mortgage inventory, for the 1999 audit conducted by Chaitovsky and Glass.
43. Chaitovsky and Glass audited AppOnline's 1999 financial statements and issued an audit opinion, which Glass signed, that falsely stated that AppOnline's financial statements were prepared in conformity with GAAP and that the audit was conducted in accordance with GAAS. In fact, the 1999 financial statements were not prepared in conformity with GAAP and the audit was not conducted in accordance with GAAS.
44. Prior to completing their audit of the 1999 financial statements and issuing the false audit opinion, Chaitovsky and Glass learned that AppOnline had filed prior false financial statements with the Commission. Specifically, Chaitovsky and Glass learned that AppOnline's financial statements contained in the Form 10-QSB for the period ended September 30, 1999 were materially false in that they failed to include losses associated with AppOnline's Internet division. After learning that an illegal act had occurred, Chaitovsky and Glass failed to inform the appropriate level of AppOnline's management and make sure that AppOnline's audit committee was adequately informed concerning the illegal act that had been detected by Chaitovsky and Glass. Nor did Chaitovsky or Glass notify the Commission that they had learned about material false filings by AppOnline during the course of their audit of AppOnline's financial statements.
45. In May 1997, AppOnline wrongfully issued 2.2 million shares of free-trading stock to two nominee corporations controlled by Paul Skulsky. As a result, Paul Skulsky controlled more than 2/3 of all outstanding free-trading shares of AppOnline stock. Thereafter, throughout the period from May 1997 through at least April 1999, Paul Skulsky engaged in a series of actions to manipulate the public market for AppOnline stock. In addition to entering into the agreements to pay bribes to brokerage firms described below, Paul Skulsky purchased shares of AppOnline stock on the public market to prop up artificially the price of AppOnline stock whenever his other schemes were not achieving the public market results desired by Paul Skulsky. AppOnline used the inflated public market price for its stock to make a series of acquisitions of privately-held mortgage companies in exchange, in part, for artificially inflated AppOnline stock.
46. In mid-1997, Paul Skulsky met Nemiroff, Carhart, and Siclari. Nemiroff, Siclari, and Carhart entered into an agreement with Paul Skulsky whereby they agreed to direct Ash to sell shares of AppOnline stock controlled by Paul Skulsky to Ash retail customers in exchange for bribes equal to approximately 45% of the net proceeds from the sale of AppOnline stock.
47. Pursuant to this agreement, from July 1997 through December 1997, Ash sold more than 250,000 AppOnline shares to its retail customers for approximately $900,000.
48. Nemiroff, Ash's trader, executed the AppOnline transactions at Ash. Paul Skulsky paid Nemiroff, Siclari, and Carhart the bribes by transferring stock to entities controlled by Siclari and Carhart. Siclari and Carhart then sold the AppOnline stock received from Paul Skulsky and split the proceeds with Nemiroff.
49. In approximately July 1997, Paul Skulsky and Zelin entered into an agreement pursuant to which Worthington would sell AppOnline stock to Worthington's retail customers in exchange for bribes equal to approximately 50% of the net proceeds from the sale of AppOnline stock.
50. Pursuant to this agreement, between June 1997 and April 1998, Worthington sold over one million shares of AppOnline stock to its customers for approximately $4.3 million.
51. Paul Skulsky paid Zelin the bribes by transferring AppOnline stock to Worthington's inventory account, and Zelin then directed that this stock be sold to Worthington's retail customers. Zelin obtained a portion of the proceeds from Worthington's sale of AppOnline stock. D'Elia also received bribes from Paul Skulsky and Zelin in exchange for selling, and directing other Worthington RRs to sell, AppOnline stock to Worthington's retail customers.
52. In late 1997 or early 1998, Paul Skulsky entered into an agreement with Brandwein and Catapano at IBS. Paul Skulsky agreed to pay bribes to Brandwein and Catapano equal to approximately 50% of the net proceeds from sales of AppOnline stock to IBS retail customers.
53. From January to March 1998, Brandwein sold more than 50,000 shares of AppOnline stock to IBS retail customers. From January to March 1998, Catapano caused other RRs at IBS, including Brandwein, to sell AppOnline stock to their customers. As a result, during January to March 1998, IBS retail customers purchased approximately 100,000 AppOnline shares for approximately $360,000.
54. Paul Skulsky paid Brandwein and Catapano approximately $180,000 in bribes in exchange for the sales of AppOnline stock to IBS retail customers.
55. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
56. Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider, directly or indirectly, singly or in concert, by use of the means or instrumentalities of interstate commerce, or of the mails, in the offer and sale, and in connection with the purchase or sale, of AppOnline securities, knowingly or recklessly: (a) employed devices, schemes and artifices to defraud; (b) obtained money or property by means of, or otherwise, made untrue statements of material fact, or omitted to state material facts necessary in order to make statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and/or (c) engaged in acts, practices and courses of business which operated or would have operated as a fraud or deceit upon purchasers of AppOnline securities and upon other persons.
57. As part and in furtherance of the violative conduct, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider engaged in a fraudulent scheme to conceal AppOnline's true financial condition and, among other things, made material misrepresentations and omissions in AppOnline's Forms 10-KSB, 10-K, 10-QSB, and 10-Q filed during 1997 through 2000. Paul Skulsky and Casuccio, among other things, formulated AppOnline's plan to disguise its debt to the warehouse banks as a phantom liability to The Skulsky Trust, and orchestrated the sham sales of money-losing subsidiaries to Northport. Eisele monitored AppOnline's misappropriation of funds from the warehouse banks and then mischaracterized the debt to the warehouse banks as a debt to The Skulsky Trust in AppOnline's financial statements. Capuano and Jeffrey Skulsky signed AppOnline's Forms 10-KSB and 10-K, and Capuano signed the Forms 10-QSB and 10-Q, which included the financial statements that contained materially false and misleading information. Casuccio and Schneider prepared audit opinions that falsely represented that they had performed audits in accordance with GAAS and that AppOnline's financial statements had been prepared in conformity with GAAP.
58. The misrepresentations and omissions described in paragraphs 25 - 44 and 57 were material.
59. Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider each knew, or were reckless in not knowing, that AppOnline's Forms 10-KSB, 10-K, 10-QSB, and 10-Q contained material misrepresentations and failed to disclose material information.
60. By reason of the foregoing, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider, singly or in concert, directly or indirectly, violated and unless enjoined will again violate, Section 17(a) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77q(a), Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5.
61. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
62. Chaitovsky and Glass, directly or indirectly, singly or in concert, by use of the means or instrumentalities of interstate commerce, or of the mails, in connection with the purchase or sale of AppOnline securities, knowingly or recklessly: (a) employed devices, schemes and artifices to defraud; (b) made untrue statements of material fact, or omitted to state material facts necessary in order to make statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and/or (c) engaged in acts, practices and courses of business which operated or would have operated as a fraud or deceit upon purchasers of AppOnline securities and upon other persons.
63. As part and in furtherance of the violative conduct, Chaitovsky and Glass engaged in a fraudulent scheme to conceal AppOnline's true financial condition and, among other things, made material misrepresentations and omissions in AppOnline's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999. Chaitovsky and Glass prepared an audit opinion that falsely stated they had performed an audit in accordance with GAAS and that AppOnline's financial statements had been prepared in conformity with GAAP.
64. The misrepresentations and omissions described in paragraphs 25 - 44 and 63 were material.
65. Chaitovsky and Glass each knew, or were reckless in not knowing, that AppOnline's 1999 Form 10-K contained material misrepresentations and failed to disclose material information.
66. By reason of the foregoing, Chaitovsky and Glass, singly or in concert, directly or indirectly, violated and unless enjoined will again violate, Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5.
67. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
68. Paul Skulsky, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano, directly or indirectly, singly or in concert, by use of the means or instrumentalities of interstate commerce, or of the mails, in the offer and sale, and in connection with the purchase or sale of AppOnline securities, knowingly or recklessly: (a) employed devices, schemes and artifices to defraud; (b) obtained money or property by means of, or otherwise made untrue statements of material fact, or have omitted to state material facts necessary in order to make statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and/or (c) engaged in acts, practices and courses of business which operated or would have operated as a fraud or deceit upon purchasers of AppOnline securities and upon other persons.
69. As part and in furtherance of the violative conduct, Paul Skulsky, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano engaged in a fraudulent scheme in which Paul Skulsky paid bribes to Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano to sell AppOnline stock to their respective brokerage firms' retail customers, and manipulated the public market for AppOnline stock by, among other things, artificially subsidizing the public market and distorting both the trading volume and price for AppOnline stock.
70. Paul Skulsky, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano acted knowingly or recklessly.
71. In addition, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano failed to disclose to the retail customers of their respective broker-dealers who purchased AppOnline stock that Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano were receiving compensation equal of approximately 45%-50% of the proceeds from sales of AppOnline stock. Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano also failed to direct RRs to disclose the additional compensation and the RRs did not make any such disclosures when selling the AppOnline stock to their customers.
72. By reason of the foregoing, Paul Skulsky, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano, singly or in concert, directly or indirectly, violated and unless enjoined will again violate Section 17(a) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77q(a), Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5.
73. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
74. Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider each knowingly circumvented or knowingly failed to implement a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance, among other things, that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, or any other criteria applicable to such statements.
75. Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider each knowingly falsified, directly or indirectly, or caused to be falsified books, records and accounts of AppOnline that were subject to Section 13(b)(2)(A) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(b)(2)(A).
76. By reason of the foregoing, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider have violated, and unless enjoined will again violate, Section 13(b)(5) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(b)(5), and Rule 13b2-1, 17 C.F.R. § 240.13b2-1.
77. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
78. AppOnline failed to file with the Commission, in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission, such annual and quarterly reports as the Commission has prescribed and AppOnline failed to include, in addition to the information expressly required to be stated in such reports, such further material information as was necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading, in violation of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13. As described above, the Forms 10-KSB and 10-K and Forms 10-QSB and 10-Q were false and misleading because they misstated AppOnline's financial condition, including among other things, its liabilities, income and expenses.
79. By reason of the foregoing, AppOnline violated Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
80. At all times relevant hereto, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano each was a controlling person of AppOnline for the purposes of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(a).
81. By reason of the foregoing, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano are each liable as controlling persons, pursuant to Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, for AppOnline's violations of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1 and 13a-13, and unless enjoined they will again violate, Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
82. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
83. AppOnline failed to file with the Commission, in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission, such annual and quarterly reports as the Commission has prescribed and AppOnline failed to include, in addition to the information expressly required to be stated in such reports, such further material information as was necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading, in violation of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13. As described above, the Forms 10-KSB and 10-K and Forms 10-QSB and 10-Q were false and misleading because they misstated AppOnline's financial condition, including among other things, its liabilities, income and expenses.
84. By reason of the foregoing, AppOnline violated Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
85. At all times relevant hereto, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider knew of AppOnline's violations described in paragraphs 83-84.
86. At all relevant times, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider substantially assisted in AppOnline's conduct in violation of Section 13(a) and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13.
87. By reason of the foregoing, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider engaged in conduct that constitutes aiding and abetting, within the meaning of Section 20(e) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(e), of AppOnline's violations of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, and unless enjoined they will again violate Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
88. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
89. AppOnline failed to file with the Commission, in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission, such annual reports as the Commission has prescribed and AppOnline failed to include, in addition to the information expressly required to be stated in such reports, such further material information as was necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading, in violation of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20 and 13a-1, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20 and 240.13a-1. As described above, the Form 10-K for FY 1999 contained financial statements that were false and misleading because they misstated AppOnline's financial condition, including among other things, its liabilities, income and expenses.
90. By reason of the foregoing, AppOnline violated Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 12b-20 and 13a-1.
91. At all times relevant hereto, Chaitovsky and Glass knew of AppOnline's violations described in paragraphs 89-90.
92. At all relevant times, Chaitovsky and Glass substantially assisted AppOnline's conduct in violation of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 12b-20 and 13a-1.
93. By reason of the foregoing, Chaitovsky and Glass aided and abetted, within the meaning of Section 20(e) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(e), AppOnline's violations of Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act and Rules 12b-20 and 13a-1, and unless enjoined they will again violate Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20 and 13a-1, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20 and 240.13a-1.
94. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
in violation of Section 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C § 78m(b)(2). As described above, AppOnline's internal accounting controls were insufficient to cause AppOnline to prepare its 1997, 1998, and 1999 annual or quarterly financial statements in accordance with GAAP.
96. At all relevant times hereto, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano each were controlling persons of AppOnline for the purposes of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(a).
97. By reason of the foregoing, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano are each liable as controlling persons, pursuant to Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(a), for AppOnline's violations of Section 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act; and unless they are enjoined, Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano will again engage in conduct that would render them liable for violations of Section 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act.
98. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
99. At all times relevant hereto, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider knew of AppOnline's violations described in paragraph 95.
100. At all times relevant hereto, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider substantially assisted AppOnline's conduct in violation of Section 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act.
101. By reason of the foregoing, Eisele, Casuccio, and Schneider engaged in conduct that constitutes aiding and abetting, within the meaning of Section 20(e) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78t(e), of AppOnline's violations of Section 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act, and unless enjoined they will again violate Section 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act.
102. The Commission realleges and incorporates by reference herein each and every allegation contained in paragraphs 1 - 54.
103. Chaitovsky and Glass, while auditing AppOnline's December 31, 1999 financial statements detected or otherwise became aware of information indicating that an illegal act had or may have occurred.
104. Chaitovsky and Glass failed to take the steps required by Section 10A of the Exchange Act. In particular, Chaitovsky and Glass failed to determine whether it was likely an illegal act had occurred, and, if so, to consider the possible effect of the illegal act on AppOnline's financial statements. Chaitovsky and Glass also failed to take appropriate remedial action, including, informing the appropriate level of AppOnline management and assuring that AppOnline's audit committee was adequately informed with respect to the illegal act. Finally, Chaitovsky and Glass failed to notify the Commission that, during the course of their audit of AppOnline's financial statements, they had learned of material misstatements in AppOnline's previously-filed financial reports.
105. By reason of the foregoing, Chaitovsky and Glass have violated, and unless enjoined they will again violate, Section 10A of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j-1.
Permanently enjoining Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Chaitovsky, Glass, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, Catapano, their agents, servants, employees, attorneys, and all persons in active concert or participation with them who receive actual notice of the injunction by personal service or otherwise, and each of them, from future violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b), and Rule 10b-5, 17 C.F.R. § 240.10b-5.
Permanently enjoining Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, Catapano, their agents, servants, employees, attorneys, and all persons in active concert or participation with them who receive actual notice of the injunction by personal service or otherwise, and each of them, from future violations of Section 17(a) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77q(a).
Permanently enjoining Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, their agents, servants, employees, attorneys, and all persons in active concert or participation with them who receive actual notice of the injunction by personal service or otherwise, and each of them, from future violations of Section 13(b)(5) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(b)(5), and Rule 13b2-1, 17 C.F.R. § 240.13b2-1.
Permanently enjoining Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, their agents, servants, employees, attorneys, and all persons in active concert or participation with them who receive actual notice of the injunction by personal service or otherwise, and each of them, from violating, directly or indirectly, as a controlling person, or as an aider and abettor, of Sections 13(a) and 13(b)(2) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 78m(a) and 78m(b)(2), and Rules 12b-20, 13a-1, and 13a-13, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20, 240.13a-1, and 240.13a-13.
Permanently enjoining Chaitovsky, Glass, their agents, servants, employees, attorneys, and all persons in active concert or participation with them who receive actual notice of the injunction by personal service or otherwise, and each of them, from violating, directly or indirectly, or as an aider or abettor, Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78m(a), and Rules 12b-20 and 13a-1, 17 C.F.R. §§ 240.12b-20 and 240.13a-1.
Permanently enjoining Chaitovsky, Glass, their agents, servants, employees, attorneys, and all persons in active concert or participation with them who receive actual notice of the injunction by personal service or otherwise, and each of them, from violating, directly or indirectly, Section 10A of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78j-1.
Ordering Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, and Catapano to disgorge the ill-gotten gains they received as a result of their violations of the federal securities laws and to pay prejudgment interest thereon.
Ordering Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, Capuano, Eisele, Casuccio, Schneider, Nemiroff, Siclari, Carhart, Zelin, D'Elia, Brandwein, Catapano, Chaitovsky, and Glass to pay civil money penalties, pursuant to Section 20(d) of the Securities Act, 15 U.S.C. § 77t(d) and/or Section 21(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d)(3).
Permanently barring Paul Skulsky, Jeffrey Skulsky, and Capuano from acting as an officer or director of a public company, pursuant to Section 21(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, 15 U.S.C. § 78u(d)(2).

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