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Vorobyev M.V. The problem of social violence in philosophy of the Russian Neo-Kantians // Philosophy and Culture. – 2016. – № 8. – P. 1099-1106. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2016.8.20166.
Keywords: Russian Neo-Kantianism, problem of violence, practical philosophy, legal compulsion, revolution, war, Kantians.
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Nikonova S.B.. On humanitarian approach towards the problem of international conflicts. The review of International Likhachev Scientific Readings of 2016 // Philosophy and Culture. – 2016. – № 9. – P. 1303-1312. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2016.9.19582.
Review: This article is dedicated to the reviews of the annual international forum, which takes place in the Saint-Petersburg University of the Humanities and Social Sciences. At attempt is conducted to examine the types and trends of humanitarian thought, as well as designate the characteristics of the direction that is presented in Likhachev Readings. The author gives characteristics to the general topics of the latest forum discussion: the problem of mission of the philosophy and humanitarian thought in the modern world, and possibility of the universal unity; as well as reviews the presented approaches towards the solution of international conflicts. It is demonstrated how all the reporters, despite the discordance of opinions, support the common idea of humanitarization of the modern culture. The relevance of the general topic of the forum consists in the problems of the dialogue of culture in the global world, which is substantiated based on the general ethical ideas, as well as structural-historical grounds, i.e. the result of development of a certain type of thinking, which simultaneously leads to universalization of culture, and recognition of cultural differences. The modern humanitarian thought is classified by the two types of relation to the aforementioned conflict. On one hand, it can be understood as the source of specificity of the modern culture based on such conflict. Such thought is called “paradoxical” and contain the radical critical movements of the present time. On the other hand, we can suggest that the understanding of the conflict creates the conditions for its overcoming, as well as humanitarization of the existing type of culture. Such though is called “humanitarian” in the article. The academic community of Likhachev Readings leans namely to the latter type of interpretation of the modern processes.
Zhizhek S. O nasilii / Per s angl. M.: Evropa, 2010. 184 s.
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Guseynov A.A. Dialog kul'tur: predely kul'turologicheskogo analiza // Mezhdunarodnye Likhachevskie chteniya. Dialog kul'tur v usloviyakh globalizatsii. SPb.: SPbGUP, 2011. S. 61-65.
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Likhachev D.S. Deklaratsiya prav kul'tury (Proekt idey) // D.S. Likhachev. Universitetskie vstrechi. 16 tekstov. SPb.: Izd-vo SPbGUP, 2006. 96 s.
Tereshchenko T.S.. Images of black people in the art of Antiquity // Philosophy and Culture. – 2016. – № 5. – P. 707-714. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2016.5.14820.
Review: The subject of this research is the images of black people in the art of Antiquity, and the object is the compositions of antique art (vase painting, sculpture, small statuary). The author carefully examines the key components of interpretation of the images of black people: characteristic peculiarities of their appearance, plots and roles in which they are portrayed; types of art compositions in which they exist; their transformation within time. The article also thoroughly analyzes the versions of interpretation of their semiotics, determines the general trends in interpretations of the images of black people that are common to different historical eras and types of arts. Scientific novelty consists in the comprehensive analysis of the images of black people in the context of general cultural and general historical transformation, with attraction of English, German, and French scientific sources, as well as in detection of their common and universal characteristics. The author makes the following conclusions: An absolutely unique role of black people in the art of Antiquity: they were the only kind of Others, whose images existed not only in vase painting, but also in small statuary, jewelry art, and numismatics; they existed in the Greek art of all times: Antiquity, Classics, Hellenism, as well as they were portrayed as warriors, servants, or associated with theatre, rituals, and witchcraft; Complexity and ambiguity of the interpretation of semiotics of their images; An ultimate stability of the scheme of representation of black people which outlived the Antiquity.
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Shtal' I.V. Epicheskie predaniya Drevney Gretsii. Germanomakhiya. Opyt tipologicheskoy i zhanrovoy rekonstruktsii. M.: Nauka. 1989.
Bindman D. (ed.). The Image of the Black in Western Art, Volume I: From the Pharaohs to the Fall of the Roman Empire. Vol. 2-4. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2010-2012.
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Tanner J. Introduction to the New Edition: Race and Representation in Ancient Art: Black Athena and After / Bindman D. (ed.). The Image of the Black in Western Art, Volume I: From the Pharaohs to the Fall of the Roman Empire. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2010, pp. 1-40.
Vercoutter J. The Iconography of the Black in Ancient Egypt: From the Beginnings to the Twenty-fifth Dynasty / Bindman D. (ed.). The Image of the Black in Western Art, Volume I: From the Pharaohs to the Fall of the Roman Empire. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2010., pp. 41-94.
Shilovskaya N.S.. Modality of humanism: from current to possible // Philosophy and Culture. – 2016. – № 3. – P. 376-384. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2016.3.17566.
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Gurevich P.S. Bessmertie na tom i na etom svete // Psikhologiya i Psikhotekhnika. - 2015. - 10. - C. 983 - 987. DOI: 10.7256/2070-8955.2015.10.16930.
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Popov E.A.. Culture as a Research Object of Modern Social Studies and Humanities: the Problem of the Category's Survival // Philosophy and Culture. – 2015. – № 10. – P. 1504-1511. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.10.15264.
Review: The subject of the present research is the category of culture as it is used in social studies and humanities. The author of the article pays attention to the fact that culture is the most frequent research subject in all kinds of sciences. Somehow this makes a researcher lose his intuition and the academic community to feel confused about what 'culture' is meant in a research in particular. This is what has formed the basis for the present research. Indeed, the question about whether the category of culture survives the methodic doubts is highly important. Every scientist has his own understanding of culture and therefore applies his own practices to such research and this is the circumstance that emphasizes the need for scientists to reach a certain agreement regarding the definition of culture. In his research Popov has used mostly the comparative method that allows to answer the question about the survival of the category of culture taking into account the trends of modern philosophy, cultural studies and sociology. The main conclusions of the research are the following: 1) socio-humanitarian sciences need to universalize thecategory of culture; 2) philosophy, cultural studies and sociology are the disciplines where the problem of the category's survival is especially pressing and therefore representatives of these sciences need to agree on a common definition of culture in their researches.
Kamoza T. M. Diskurs kul'turnoy travmy: metodologicheskiy potentsial novogo podkhoda k issledovaniyu filosofskoy mysli epokhi imperskoy modernizatsii Rossii // Filosofiya i kul'tura. 2014. № 10. S. 1458-1469.
Alekseeva I. Yu., Alekseev A. P. Kakoy postkapitalizm nuzhen Rossii? // Voprosy filosofii. 2014. № 10. S. 14-24.
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Golovko V. N. Naturalizatsiya metafiziki: nauchnyy realizm i dialekticheskiy materializm // Voprosy filosofii. 2013. № 8. S. 24-34.
Kasavina N. A. Ekzistentsial'nyy opyt kak fenomen kul'tury // Voprosy filosofii. 2014. № 10. S. 46-56.
Brinchuk M. M. Kontseptsiya ustoychivogo razvitiya kak metodologicheskaya osnova tsivilizatsionnogo razvitiya // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2014. № 10. S. 15-24.
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Shipovalova L.V. Ob'ektivnost' kak nauchnaya tsennost'. Ili o vozmozhnosti nauki kak elementa kul'tury. // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2014. - 1. - C. 12 - 19. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.1.10401.
K.M. Dolgov Kul'tura v epokhu globalizatsii // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2011. - 9. - C. 38 - 43.
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Tyugashev E.A.. Socio-Cultural Phenomenon of Civil Philosophy // Philosophy and Culture. – 2015. – № 9. – P. 1363-1370. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.9.16312.
Review: The object of the research is civil philosophy that is usually understood as the philosophy of politics (or state). At the same time, today civil philosophy is often related to civil society and development of civic position. Moreover, civil philosophy is viewed not only as a branch of applied (i.e. practical) philosophy but also as a wide scope of studies of ontological, axiological, anthropological and social philosophical issues. The contradiction in interpretation of the epistemological status of civil philosophy is solved by pointing out the civic nature of sayings of ancient sages, discussing the mission and role of philosophical schools in civic education, the Renaissance civic humanism, the theme of civic world as the starting point in civil philosophy of Bacon, Hobbes and Locke as well as civic context of the Englightenment principle of common sense and reason. Based on the results of the analysis, the researcher concludes that philosophy is qualified as civil philosophy not only according to the main themes (patriotism, the human rights, etc.) but mostly according to the appropriate and accepted interpretation of the main anthologiums and topical issues. In his research of the phenomenon of civil philosophy Tyugashev has used the socio-cultural approach viewing the existence of philosophy in the society taking into account all the variety of its socio-cultural forms. Civil philosophy is included in the scope of spiritual and practical forms of philosophy which also involves public philosophy, popular philosophy, school (academic) philosophy, 'home' philosophy, etc. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the researcher has described civil philosophy as an element of civil society. He suggests that we should view civil philosophy as the constitutive element of civic awareness and civi spiritual culture co-existing with civic mythology and civil religion, civic art and civic science. According to the author, civil philosophy is the worldview reflection of civil society that is implicitly established in the Constituion.
Zaytsev A. V. Filosofiya dialoga i dialogika grazhdanskogo obshchestva: istoki i sushchnost' // Filosofskaya mysl'.-2012.-4.-C. 1-53. URL: http://www.e-notabene.ru/fr/article_143.html.
Tyugashev E. A. Filosofiya konstitutsii i grazhdanskaya filosofiya // Vestnik NGU. Seriya: Pravo.-2014.-Vyp. 1.-S. 11-16.
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Malinov A.V.. The Doctrine of the Socio-Cultural Energetics of Alexander Lappo-Danilevsky (Experience of Reconstruction) // Philosophy and Culture. – 2015. – № 8. – P. 1182-1190. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.8.15337.
Review: This article was prepared on the basis of the archives (St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences) on the academician Alexander Lappo-Danilevsky (1863-1919), in particular, it is devoted to the doctrine of the socio-cultural energetics that has not been fully studied by researchers yet. This doctrine is not mentioned in the published works of Lappo-Danilevsky but it has been preserved as part of the manuscript "On Social Studies" containing materials of the end of the 1890s. The manuscript is more of a draft and therefore can not be issued as a separate publication. In his article Malinov gives a reconstruction of this doctrine including the most preserved fragments and offers their interpretation. The doctrine of Lappo-Danilevsky is based on the 'law of the social energy conservation' which he formulated in analogy with the law of the mechanical energy conservation. According to Lappo-Danilevsky in terms of the social phenomena the transition of the potential energy into the kinetic energy means converting the potential energy of cosmos into the creative power of culture. At the same time Lappo-Danilevsky attempts to formalize the 'law of social energy conservation'. Partly theoretical principles of the doctrine of the socio-cultural energetics were reflected Lappo-Danilevsky's researches on the history of the Russian culture of the XVIIIthe century.
Lappo-Danilevskiy K.Yu. Sem'ya A.S. Lappo-Danilevskogo: istoki i traditsii // Klio. 2013. № 12. S. 83–101.
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Lappo-Danilevskiy A.S. Istoriya politicheskikh idey v Rossii v XVIII veke v svyazi s obshchim khodom ee kul'tury i politiki. Köln, Weimar, Wien: Böhlau Verlag Gmb&Cie, 2005. 462 s. + XXXII s.
Tlostanova M.V.. Postanthropocentric antihumanism/vs an other humanism as a humanism of the other // Philosophy and Culture. – 2015. – № 3. – P. 402-412. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.3.14138.
Review: The article offers a comparative analysis of largely Western post-anthropocentric antihumanism in its main versions – reactive, technocratically apologetic and critical, and the non-Western humanism as a reiteration of the importance of humanist premises that have never been fulfilled in relation to liminal subjects of modernity deprived of their right to be considered human. The author discusses in detail the intersections and divergences between the Western theories of affect and the decolonial geopolitics and body-politics of knowledge, being, perception, demonstrating that many “discoveries” of the affective turn have been long ago represented in the non-Western theorizing remaining unknown or non-legitimate in the eyes of the mainstream scholarship. This problem has become particularly acute in the context of the discussion of the human, natural and animal, the decentration of the human being as a species and the erasing and destabilizing of the seemingly stable modern boundaries and hierarchies between the human and the natural. The second part of the article focuses on the further problematization of the border between humans and animals in the frame of the so called “autistic regard” which may be expressed both in the form of a scientific experiment and in the form of a performance which is often more successful.
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Henry, Padget. Caliban’s Reason. Introducing Afro-Caribbean Philosophy. N.Y.: Routledge, 2001.
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Faritov V.T.. Philosophical and Psychological Discourse about Spirit (Georg Hegel and Сarl Jung: Comparative Research) // Philosophy and Culture. – 2015. – № 2. – P. 251-259. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2015.2.10635.
Review: In his article Faritov carries out a comparative research of Hegel's concept of spirit and Jung's psychology of collective unconscious. Faritov compares the basic conceptual provisions of Hegel's dialectics with the main concepts of Jung's teaching such as collective unconscious, persona, individuation, self and projection. Despite the fact that Jung had a quite negative attitude to Hegel's philosophy, a lot of parallels can be drawn between Jung's psychology and Hegel's philosophy of spirit.
Faritov explains the contradiction between Jung's commitment to Kant's metaphysics and the presence of Hegel's motives in his psychological theory. Faritov uses conventional research methods including the method of comparative analysis. He also applies some methodological provisions of hermeneutical and post-structural approaches to analyzing texts. The result of the research is the conclusion that Jung's psychological theory, on the one hand, is oriented at the priority of facts and exclusion of philosophical speculation from the scope of research. That is why Jung seemed to be so critical about Hegel's theory. On the other hand, it tends to solve particular philosophical issues by the means of scientific discourse which leads to to the implicit presence of Hegel's philosophemes in Jung's teaching.
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Levit K. Ot Gegelya k Nitsshe. Revolyutsionnyy perelom v myshlenii XIX veka. Marks i K'erkegor. – SPb.: Vladimir Dal', 2002.
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Spirova, E. M.. Socio-Cultural Projects of the Image of Human // Philosophy and Culture. – 2014. – № 8. – P. 1176-1185. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.8.12426.
Review: The article is devoted to the historical and philosophical analysis of the topical issue in the philosophy of culture — the study of the anthropological dimension of culture. Many cultural philosophers followed Max Scheler’s tradition who described an impressive number of the images of human discovered in the course of the philosophical and anthropological expertise. In 1984 a famous French sociologist Albert Jacquard published his book‘Inventer l’homme’ (To Invent a Human). Albert Jacquard believed that scientific developments allowed to refuse from the traditional model of human and to create a new human. A similar project was created earlier in 1972. However, it was not about the new technologies helping to create a new human. The author of the project, Marcel Bolle De Bal, was a professor of the Free University of Brussels and the author of many articles and books on the philosophy of culture. Marcel Bolle De Bal tried to answer the question about the image of a European as a result of the cultural evolution the following quarter of the century. The author of the present article uses the historical method allowing to study the main tendencies in the European cultural development. The author also uses the method of the cultural dynamics analysis. In a number of cases the author also uses the methods of philosophical anthropology. The novelty of the research is in the question about the anthropological dimension of the culture taking into account modern approaches to the problem. The article contains a critical analysis of Marcel Bolle De Bal’s conception and shows the illusions of his approach. According to the author, it was difficult for the French philosopher to predict what Europe would be like at the end of the 20th century. However, his works contained very interesting thoughts on the mechanisms of cultural development and possibilities of cultural classification.
Keywords: culture, human, the image of human, socio-cultural projects, European, society, permanent changes, manipulation, anxiety, prediction.
Contact information: Spirova Elvira Maratovna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, Volkhonka str., h. 14/1, bld. 5, room No. 432.
Aleksandrova-Zorina Elizaveta. Uzhin na «Titanike». Vse sdelano, i nikto ne vinovat // Moskovskiy komsomolets. 2014. 14 maya.
Gurevich P.S. Paleeva N.N. Filosofiya kul'tury. M., 2014.
Gurevich P.S. Filosofskoe tolkovanie kul'tury. M., 2012.
Mezhuev V.M. Istoriya. Tsivilizatsiya. Kul'tura. Opyt filosofskogo istolkovaniya. SPb., 2011.
Khabermas Yu. Raskolotyy Zapad. M., 2008.
Korzo, M. A.. Synthesis of Cultural and Religious Traditions in School Catechisms During the XVII — XVIII Centuries // Philosophy and Culture. – 2014. – № 1. – P. 99-107. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2014.1.10068.
Review: The author of the article analyzes types of school catechisms that were widely spread in Eastern- Slavic writings during the XVII–XVIII centuries. The analysis is carried out in terms of history and based on the methods of comparative analysis. «School catechism» or various religious morals contained in ABC-books and elementary study books are viewed as a collective term that combines texts of different genres. Being influenced by Western models of religious teachings such as Medieval catechetical prayers that appeared in Protestant writings of Spruchbücher genre in the XVI century and Martin Luther’s Small Catechism in 1529, Russian religious morals included in ABC-books and elementary study books published in Moscow and Kiev were an example of a creative combination of different cultural and religious traditions.
Keywords: ABC-book, school catechisms, Theophan Prokopovich, Russia, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, synthesis of traditions, Orthodox religious writings, influence of other confessions, Spruchbücher, XVII– XVIII centuries.
Contact information: Korzo Margarita Anatolievna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Vokhonka 14/1, bld. 5, room 420.
Darchevska I. Starinnye slavyanskie azbuki i bukvari (k voprosu o edinoy istorii drevneslavyanskogo literaturnogo yazyka v areale «greko-slavyanskogo mira») // Sovetskoe Slavyanovedenie. 1979. № 4. S. 56–66.
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Korzo M.A. O strukture i soderzhanii bukvarnykh katekhizisov moskovskoy pechati XVII – nachala XVIII v. // Slavyanovedenie. 2005. № 2. S. 61–71.
Feofan Prokopovich. Filosofs'ki tvori. T. III. Kiev, 1981.
Herbst W. Evangelischer Gottesdienst. Quellen zu seiner Geschichte. Göttingen, 1992.
Jung M. Frömmigkeit und Theologie bei Philipp Melanchthon. Das Gebet im Leben und in der Lehre des Reformators. Tübingen, 1998.
Kubálek J., Hendrich J., Šimek Fr. Naše Slabikáře. Od nejstarší doby do konce století XVIII. Praha, 1929.
Müller J. Quellenschriften und Geschichte des deutschsprachigen Unterrichts bis zur Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts. Gotha, 1882.
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Sizemskaya, I. N.. Nikolai Stankevich and Russian Social Ideas During the First Third of the XIX Century // Philosophy and Culture. – 2013. – № 10. – P. 1428-1435. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.10.9524.
Review: The article is devoted to social and philosophical views of Nikolai Stankevich which he developed as a part of his ideas of esthetic humanism. The author of the article discusses Stankevich’ influence as a spiritual leader of his generation and the leader of the group of philosophers that left a significant mark in the history of Russian culture. Besides that, the author carries out the analysis of cultural and academic environment during the 30’s – 40’s of the XIX century as a new stage in Russian Enlightenment caused by the growth of national identity and interest towards European social philosophy and philosophical concepts trying to explain the place and role of Russia in European history. The author shows that back in those times philosophical community mostly existed as literary and philosophical groups and Stankevich’ group was the center of social and philosophical discussions. Many ideas discussed there, including those offered by Stankevich himself, were developed next decades. This shows the importance of philosophy in science and offers interpretation of progress as a never-ending spiritual and moral improvement of the mankind. This is what defined the main priorities of development of Russian philosophy and this is what, according to the author, makes Stankevich a symbolic figure of his times.
Keywords: esthetic humanism, philosophy, metaphysics, ‘wise goodness’, understanding, secularism, personality concept, art, philosophical poetry, ‘undivided knowledge’.
Contact information: Sizemskaya Irina Nikolaevna, 119991, Russia, Moscow, ul. Volkhonka 14/1, str. 5, komn. 427-428.
Stankevich N.V. Perepiska ego i biografiya, napisannaya P.V. Annenkovym. M., 1857.
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