Source: https://www.shouselaw.com/immigration/expedited_removal
Timestamp: 2019-04-26 00:56:02+00:00

Document:
Expedited removal is a form of “summary” deportation. It allows the Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”) to deport non-U.S. citizens immediately and without a formal hearing.
The majority of people deported by expedited removal are those caught entering the U.S. unlawfully.
They have a credible fear of persecution or torture if returned to their home country.
1. When can the U.S. deport someone?
2. Who is subject to expedited removal?
3. Aren't non-citizens protected by the U.S. Constitution?
4. How does “expedited removal” work?
5. What are the consequences of deportation by expedited removal?
6. Can I appeal an order of expedited removal?
7. What if I am in the U.S. lawfully?
8. What if I have been in the U.S. unlawfully for more than two years?
9. How can I prove residency in the U.S.?
10. How can I avoid expedited removal?
11. What are my rights and obligations if I am stopped by the police?
12. What can I do if ICE shows up at my home?
13. What if I want asylum or am afraid to go back to my country?
14. What if I am sick or pregnant when I am detained?
15. Can children be deported through expedited removal?
16. Can I leave the U.S. voluntarily if I am put in expedited removal proceedings?
Within 2 weeks of entering the U.S.
But the recent White House Executive Order referred has expanded expedited removal to cover aliens found anywhere in the U.S. if they cannot prove 2 years of continuous residence.
In all other cases, a non-citizen is entitled to a formal deportation hearing before being removed from the U.S.
U.S. citizens and people who entered the U.S. lawfully are entitled to the benefits of the U.S. justice system before they can be deported. They obtain this right from the Due Process Clauses of the 5th and 14th Amendments to the United States Constitution.
To appeal an adverse decision to the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”).
But people subject to expedited removal do not have these rights.6 They are not even entitled to be represented by a lawyer.7.
Most people subject to expedited removal are apprehended by a Department of Homeland Security (DHS) officer at a U.S. entry checkpoint.
Others are apprehended by a U.S. Immigration and Custom Enforcement (ICE) officer when they are in the U.S.
The burden is on an immigrant to prove to a customs officer that he or she is lawfully present.
Anyone who can't produce the necessary documentation is subject to mandatory detention (lock-up). The U.S. can then commence deportation proceedings in as little as 24 hours -- even if that person is, in fact, here lawfully.
For this reason, lying about one's immigration status can have serious negative consequences.
People who are barred from the U.S. for any length of time can apply for a permission to have the time period in which they are inadmissible waived. But the U.S. is not obligated to grant a waiver.
For more information, please see our article on I-212 waivers.
Expedited removal orders can not generally be appealed.
In cases of extreme unfairness -- and if the alien is still in the country -- the alien may be able to file a petition for habeas corpus review. If the court agrees to hear the habeas petition, it will usually grant a temporary restraining order (TRO) to keep the alien from being deported before the habeas petition has been heard.
If an alien has already been wrongfully deported, their lawyer can submit a request to the CBP for review.10 If it is subsequently determined that the person should not have been deported, the order of expedited removal will be vacated.
Lawfully admitted refugees or asylees.
If you are put into expedited removal and you fall into one of these categories, be sure to notify the immigration officer. He or she will then try to verify your claim using your fingerprints and government databases.
You may also be allowed to request documents from third parties (such as your family or lawyer).
If you are referred to an immigration judge, the judge will review the officer's determination. The judge's decision cannot be appealed.
Be aware, however, that if you are not a U.S. citizen, the government can still initiate formal removal proceedings against you if the department believes there are other grounds for deporting you.
Expedited removal is not supposed to apply to undocumented immigrants who have been in the U.S. continuously for more than two years. Instead, if the government wishes to deport them, they should be served with a Notice to Appear in a regular removal proceeding.
However, since expanded expedited removal is new, the policy has not yet been tested.
The new law may also, at some point, be challenged in court. It may turn out to be unconstitutional or unconstitutional as enforced.
Undocumented aliens who have been present in the U.S. for more than two years may want to speak to a lawyer to create a personalized plan for avoiding deportation.
An alien who is placed into expedited removal proceedings is supposed to be given a reasonable opportunity to establish that he or she was lawfully admitted to the U.S.
The immigration officer can consider government-issued identification along with documents such as receipts, phone records, and utility bills.
These documents may be in the possession of the alien. If an alien chooses not to carry such documentation on his or her person, such documents should be kept somewhere they are easily accessible by a family member, friend or lawyer.
The examining immigration officer should consider all such evidence and make further inquiry, if necessary.
But ultimately, the burden is on the alien to satisfy the examining officer that the alien is here lawfully. And even if lawful admission is established, the officer may examine the case to determine if the alien is deportable or inadmissible on some other basis.
People who are in the U.S. lawfully should carry identity documents (or a copy of such documents).
Those who are here unlawfully may want to discuss their situation with an experienced immigration lawyer.
Note that in Los Angeles, California the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) does not ask immigration status when interacting with people in the community. Law enforcement agencies in other so-called “sanctuary cities” usually have similar polices.
Immigrants have the right to remain silent just like U.S. citizens. Depending on where you live and the situation, however, you may be required to identify yourself to a law enforcement officer.
You were placed under arrest.
Otherwise, if an officer arrests you for refusing to show ID, it is a wrongful arrest and can be challenged.
But even a wrongful arrest can lead to negative immigration consequences. Thus we recommended that if you are arrested you exercise your right to remain silent and contact a lawyer immediately.
People do not need to let an ICE agent into their home unless the agent has a valid warrant signed by a federal judge. It is perfectly acceptable to ask the ICE officer(s) to slip the warrant under the door so you can review it.
If the warrant appears valid, you must cooperate as set forth in the warrant. If you have a valid U.S. passport, green card or visa, you can show it to the officer. Otherwise you should exercise your right to remain silent and say you want to speak to your lawyer.
An alien who is afraid to go home can ask for asylum in the U.S. or a “credible fear” review.
If the alien has no prior history of removal from the U.S.: The alien must establish a “credible fear” of torture or persecution – that is, that it is more likely than not that he or she would face one of these if returned home.
If the asylum officer finds that an alien has a credible or reasonable fear of persecution or torture, the alien will receive an asylum hearing before an immigration judge. The hearing will usually take place within 10 days. In the meantime, the alien will be kept in detention.
If the asylum officer decides that an alien has does not have a credible or reasonable fear of returning home, the alien can be deported. This decision is reviewable by an immigration judge.
As a condition of parole, the alien may be required to give reasonable assurances that he or she will appear at all hearings and/or depart the United States when required to do so.
With an accompanying relative who is in detention.
If the minor has no suitable relatives but was accompanied by another adult, the release is determined on a case-by-case basis.
Unaccompanied minors will usually be referred to the Office of Refugee Resettlement (“ORR”).
The ORR will try to find a relative to release the minor to, either in the U.S. or the minor's home country. Failing that, the minor will be placed in a foster home.
Immigration officers have the discretion to let immigrants return home by voluntary departure rather than having an order of removal on their record.
But voluntary departure does not carry the same consequences of a removal order. Most importantly, it does not carry a mandatory period of at least 5 years before returning.
If you or someone you know needs an experienced criminal or immigration lawyer in Los Angeles or another California community, we invite you to contact us for a free consultation.
Our California “crimmigration” lawyers can help defend you in criminal or immigration cases or help you apply for permission to enter or remain in the U.S. lawfully.
To schedule your free consultation call (855) LAWFIRM or complete the form on this page and a caring California immigration attorney will call you at a convenient time.
We also have experienced Nevada immigration lawyers to serve for your needs in Las Vegas, Reno and other Nevada communities.
Section 212 (a)(6)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ("INA"). The INA is codified in 8 U.S. Code Chapter 12. In this article, references to the "INA" and "8 USC" are used interchangeably.
See 8 U.S. Code § 1227 - Deportable aliens and 8 U.S. Code § 1182 - Inadmissible aliens.
8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(1); 8 CFR (b)(1)(ii).
See 8 U.S.C. §§ 1252(a)(2)(A).
United States v. Peralta Sanchez, Nos. 14-50393, 14-50394, _ F.3d_(9th Cir. 2017).
The applicable time periods are: 5 years for anyone deported after regular or expedited removal proceedings initiated upon the person's arrival in the U.S.; 10 years for those who were otherwise ordered removed after a deportation hearing or who departed the United States while an order of removal was outstanding; 20 years for anyone deported a second or subsequent time; or Forever for anyone who was convicted of a crime that counts as an “aggravated felony,” or who has been unlawfully present in the U.S. for more than one year. See INA § 212(a)(6)(C).
See the Executive Order referred to in the introduction of this article.
See 8 USC § 1225(b)(1)(A)(ii), (B); 8 CFR § 235.3(b)(4).
8 CFR § 235 (b)(1)(ii).
See 8 CFR § 235.3(b)(2)(i).

References: § 1227
 § 1182
 § 1225
 v. 
 § 212
 § 1225
 § 235
 § 235
 § 235