Source: http://mrarchive.mrr.trains.com/?iid=93808&startpage=page0000071
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 07:09:57+00:00

Document:
t. 21"...., .. -.% - r T ' * i -I:•.0» it ' - -- 1.--1.-1- 1 The substation is the "power pack" of the electric interurban or the street railway. It's a necessary structure on every model traction line I -1./ i:M,/ t! : 12"rizim-4' 1*r, 4 *- <1-1/4 · . " 1. . ••«5...1.*.-4.-.,1.. i E*,i,• ............ LM 10'- . 9.,4--X- ..:.6-. - 41.- --i.: 'r'. .fl,YA . I. Substation at Clearfield, Utah, on the Sa!4 Lake & Ogden (Bamberger) Ry. Note outside water tank. .3. I. 4.1-. I .'... 1., .i -1.'Ul - ...* - . • ..'..r'042. TiN .- .... t•lid'042 -•p . ---• . I , fhmel . $ *: ts/,-7---.--»r. •li jil + ¥-- k L. * r : .•.1042'*11':042". 4 -'i . 11 11. 11# i .1 , •, : ': I•i .- · .Ir--:. 6'---'.·:. 2,•ip-••.I39•e-aip--······. -2': 6:4•...3 : /1 - i,,1.i'' Traeti©ED B"ILILbsftiri-Iti©ims By David L. Waddington •UBSTATIONS are to prototype electric and gave rise to the rapid development railways what power packs are to of the interurban. model railroads. Our models run on low Substations were spaced five to ten voltage D.C. for reasons of personal safety miles apart in typical 600 v. interurban and easy reversing control, but our house service, the actual spacing depending on power is a relatively high voltage A.C. the traffic density and the profile of the Prototype trolleys used D.C. because of line. Some of the later lines used a 1200 the superior characteristics of the D.C. v. trolley, which doubled this spacing, and traction motor, but their "house power" the Chicago, South Shore & South Bend, from the transmission lines was also a the country's only interurban with a relatively high voltage A.C. In the early days of trolleys, virtually future, operates at 1500 v. D.C. A few of the early lines also tried 2000-2500 v. all electric power was generated, trans- A.C. on the trolley, to further reduce submitted and used as D.C. Because of the station construction and operating costs, high costs and losses associated with the but all these installations were eventualtransmission of low voltage D.C., the ly converted to D.C. because of the poor new-fangled trolleys were limited to performance of the A.C. traction motors. short suburban runs of five or ten miles In the power pack, we bring 110 v., 60 from the generating station. The sub- cycle, single-phase A.C. through a single sequent development of the transformer or double pole "off-on" toggle switch, then, and high voltage A.C. transmission line step it down in a transformer to about and the rotary converter-a type of mo- 18 v. This low voltage A.C. is converted tor-generator using a common armature to D.C. in a rectifier and fed to the track for the A.C. motor and D.C. generator through a protective fuse or circuit windings-made it economically feasible breaker. to build long distance electric railways, In the substation, 13,200, 33,000 or 66,Part I 000 v., 25 or 60 cycle, three-phase A.C. transmission line power is fed through a three pole "off-on" circuit breaker whose contacts are immersed in separate, sealed, oil-filled tanks, and then stepped down to about 400 v. in three transformers, one for each phase. This relatively low voltage A.C. is rectified to D.C. in the rotary converter, and the D.C. output fed to the trolley wire through a protective circuit breaker. The prototype substation has additional equipment not found in a power pack, such as lightning arresters on both the A.C. and D.C. line connections, additional disconnect switches in low voltage A.C. circuits, and metering. It is interesting to note, in rounding out the comparison, that quite a number of model railroads, especially club layouts, use motor-generator sets to develop their D.C. power. On the prototype side of the fence, the latest electric locomotives and multiple-unit cars of electrified trunk line railroads like the New Haven and the Pennsy, which have a high voltage A.C. trolley, use a step-down 11=. -*,f# 3. - T . \..".I- r .4--1 J -. -- West Oneonta, N. Y. Oneonta, Coopertown & Richfield Springs Ry. January 1961 1 F 1 · : 1 01 2* .7.- 1...--.'.: -:'.......1'..:•.•.f...9..;·,•· . 9 ... i ;12 .·....." 4I·•37--·•·/1...,.. · " . "" ·,. i.:, ...• 5 I: 1. I.- ':1 ---·· · ,·,2 · -/ . .• :'b·-·036.A. 9.. -··t·•-4_.i ''"-•'·442:· . . ·..'.· · - '',,.' -' '*#.•- ··•·'·,·.•.'.'·LI•,.• :- ; - · · ·· -· I ·•7.":. , :..... .. '• '..•. .•:. . : .. . , The West Oneonta substation has living quarters on the second floor. 71 . 1'. I.

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