Source: http://policynotes.arl.org/?tag=fair-use-week-2016
Timestamp: 2019-04-21 11:02:49+00:00

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On February 22–26, 136 organizations and numerous individuals participated in Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week 2016, an annual celebration of the important—and flexible—doctrines of fair use and fair dealing. This year’s event was organized by the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) and participants included universities, libraries, library associations, and many other organizations, such as Creative Commons, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Public Knowledge, the R Street Institute, Re:Create, and Wikimedia.
More than double the number of organizations participated in 2016 compared to 2015. Fifty ARL member libraries contributed this year, producing blog posts, comic books, and other resources, including five videos on fair use and fair dealing.
Participants celebrated the essential limitations and exceptions to copyright that fair use and fair dealing provide, allowing the use of copyrighted materials without permission from the copyright holder under certain circumstances. While fair use and fair dealing are employed on a daily basis, Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week provides a time to promote and discuss the opportunities presented, celebrate successful stories, and explain these doctrines.
Each day, new blog posts and resource materials were produced and shared. Daily roundups are available for each day of Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week and additional resources are available on the Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week website. Below are some highlights of the materials shared over the course of the week.
Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week 2017 will be held February 20–24. Plan to participate!
Kyle Courtney, Sarah Searle, and Jackie Roche of Harvard University published two comic books on two prominent fair use cases, one covering Bill Graham Archives v. DK and one on Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music.
New Media Rights highlighted its Fair Use App for filmmakers and video creators and an accompanying blog post.
The Organization for Transformative Works collected questions over social media early in the week and compiled a Q&A about fair use.
The Youth and Media team at the Berkman Center for Internet and Society created several resources, including an infographic on the four fair use factors.
A collection of fair dealing stories from students and instructors in Canada is available at Fair Dealing Canada.
Five ARL libraries—University of Tennessee, Knoxville; Columbia University; Texas A&M University; University of Massachusetts Amherst; and University of Alberta—created videos celebrating fair use and fair dealing. Additionally, University of New Brunswick produced a video explaining fair dealing.
MIT and Harvard held a joint panel discussion on fair use in scholarly publishing. The archive of the video is available online.
Additionally, an archived radio interview at The Ohio State University focusing on how libraries reinforce fair use is available on the WOSU website.
Wikimedia provided a history of fair use on Wikipedia.
Both Harvard and the Authors Alliance posted a new blog post each day during Fair Use Week. The Authors Alliance explained why it supports a broader view of fair use than the Authors Guild.
News also broke that the Robert Rauschenberg Foundation announced a new fair use policy to make its images more accessible to the public.
Bobby Glushko of the University of Toronto and Wanda Noel each explained a recently released decision by the Copyright Board of Canada on rate setting and fair dealing.
On the international front, the Australian Digital Alliance posted on “Why Do We Want Fair Use in Australia?” The Authors Alliance commented on international developments in fair use. EIFL (Electronic Information for Libraries) discussed the issues of fair use and fair dealing for new technologies in various countries.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair dealing, fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, highlights, roundup on March 1, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Check out all of the great posts from Day 5 of Fair Use Week 2016! Don’t see yours? Contact us to get yours added!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair dealing, fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016 on March 1, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Check out all of the great posts from Day 4 of Fair Use Week 2016! Don’t see yours? Contact us to get yours added!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair dealing, fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, radio, videos on February 26, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Check out all of the great posts from Day 3 of Fair Use Week 2016! Don’t see yours? Contact us to get yours added!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair dealing, fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, videos on February 25, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Check out all of the great posts from Day 2 of Fair Use Week 2016! Don’t see yours? Contact us to get yours added!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair dealing, fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, roundup on February 24, 2016 by Krista Cox.
*This week is Fair Use Week, an annual celebration of the important doctrines of fair use and fair dealing. It is designed to highlight and promote the opportunities presented by fair use and fair dealing, celebrate successful stories, and explain these doctrines.
On February 19, 2016, the Canadian Copyright Board issued a decision setting the Access Copyright Elementary and Secondary School Tariff, 2010-15. With its decision, the Copyright Board set a tariff rate of $2.46 for 2010-2012 and $2.41 for 2013-2015 per full time equivalent student per year to copy print materials such as books, magazines and newspapers.
The announced tariff rate is substantially lower than the per-student rates requested by Access Copyright, a copyright collective representing educational publishers and authors. Access Copyright initially requested rates of $15.00 for the years 2010-12 and $9.50 for the years 2013-15. These rates were a significant increase over the prior rate of $4.81 set by the Copyright Board in 2009. The Copyright Consortium of the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC), representing the ministers of education in every Canadian province and territory, except Quebec, and the school boards of Ontario objected to the proposed Access Copyright rates and requested much lower rates.
This Copyright Board decision is the first application of fair dealing in educational institutions since two significant events in 2012 altered the copyright landscape in Canada. First, the Copyright Act was amended to add “education” as a new purpose in the fair dealing provision. Second, the Supreme Court of Canada issued a landmark decision interpreting fair dealing to permit teachers to copy and use short excerpts from published works for students in their classes.
The Board attributed the decrease from the prior rate of $4.81 to the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in Alberta v. Access Copyright, [2012 SCC 37.] That decision established that copying short excerpts of copyright-protected works for student instruction, assignments or class work did not require royalty payments because the copying was fair dealing. This conclusion resulted in the Board’s finding that a significant proportion of copying by elementary and secondary schools was fair under the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act. Based on data available from a large-scale copying study in Canadian schools, the Board found that 97.2% of copying from books, 98.1% of newspapers and 98.5% from periodicals was fair dealing. This large volume of copying therefore did not require a licence from the owner of the copyright.
The royalty payments of $2.46 and $2.41 set by the Board relate primarily to the copying of consumables. Consumables are works that are intended for one-time use and contain a statement that copying is not permitted. An example is a workbook with questions and answer sheets to be completed by students. The Board found that none of the dealings with consumables were fair. Over three quarters (79% for 2010-2012, and 81% for 2013-2015) of the tariff value is attributable to consumables.
This Copyright Board decision is noteworthy because of the Board’s findings relating to fair dealing. For a dealing to be fair, two tests established by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2004 in CCH v. Law Society of Upper Canada 1 SCR 339 must be met. First, the dealing must be for one of the purposes set out in the Copyright Act. The Board found that the vast majority of copies being considered passed the first test because they were made for one of the following purposes captured by the copying study: research, criticism, review, future reference, private study or student instruction. Only copies made for entertainment and administration did not pass the first test.
The second test is that the dealing must be fair. To determine fairness, the Board applied six fairness factors established by the Supreme Court of Canada in its CCH decision: purpose of the dealing, amount of the dealing, character of the dealing, nature of the work, alternatives to the dealing, and effect of the dealing. These six factors were applied separately to books, newspapers, periodicals and consumables. The Board’s fairness analysis for consumables differed from the other genres particularly on the factors of the nature of the work and alternatives to the dealing.
The Copyright Board also accepted the position of the CMEC Copyright Consortium with respect to several issues besides fair dealing, including the fact that significant amounts of copying are not substantial (and therefore do not trigger any royalty payments under the Copyright Act), the limited nature of Access Copyright’s repertoire, and Access Copyright’s inability to adequately licence the copying of sheet music.
The present Copyright Board’s decision follows another recent tariff decision relating to Access Copyright issued in May of 2015 covering copying by provincial and territorial government employees, where a number of the legal issues were similar. Access Copyright had sought rates as high as $24 per full-time employee, but the highest rate certified was only $0.49. This government tariff decision is currently the subject of a judicial review application in the Federal Court of Appeal brought by Access Copyright.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged access copyright, Canada, copyright, education, fair dealing, fair use week, fair use week 2016, tariff, wanda noel on February 24, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Check out all of the great posts from Day 1 of Fair Use Week 2016! Don’t see yours? Contact us to get yours added!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, roundup on February 23, 2016 by Krista Cox.
In honor of Fair Use/Fair Dealing Week 2016, five ARL member libraries have created videos celebrating the important doctrines of fair use and fair dealing—essential limitations and exceptions to copyright that allow the use of copyrighted materials without permission from the copyright holder under certain circumstances. Fair use and fair dealing are flexible doctrines, allowing copyright to adapt to new technologies and facilitate balance in copyright law.
The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Libraries highlights in a two-minute video its collection of Great Smoky Mountains postcards and digitization of this collection under fair use. Holly Mercer, associate dean for research and scholarly communication, notes that the University of Tennessee relied on the Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Academic and Research Libraries to evaluate the fair use case to digitize and make the postcards available online. She clearly explains the transformative nature of making this special collection available digitally.
Ann Thornton, university librarian and vice provost of Columbia University, explains in a four-minute video how fair use has contributed to allowing “quality” access to scholarly materials. She discusses court cases from the past year that provide clear direction in allowing the robust application of fair use, including Authors Guild v. Google and Lenz v. Universal Music. Thornton also talks about the importance of open access and why it must act in tandem with fair use.
University of Massachusetts (UMass) Amherst Libraries highlights in a one-minute video its W. E. B. Du Bois collection as an example of one of its special collections that it has digitized and made available online relying on fair use. This collection is used in more than 30 courses at UMass alone. The Du Bois collection is just one of 100 other collections that are available via the libraries’ digital repository.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged code of best practices, Columbia University, fair dealing, fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, fairuseweek2016, librarians code, Texas A&M, U Mass Amherst, University of Alberta, University of Tennessee Knoxville, videos on February 23, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Over the past decade, policymakers on both sides of the Atlantic have devoted significant attention to finding ways to permit the use of orphan works: works whose copyright owners are difficult to identify or locate. Library associations in both Europe and the United States initially supported these efforts strongly. In Europe, these efforts culminated in the adoption of an Orphan Works Directive in 2012. In the United States, by contrast, legislation stalled in 2008. Although the U.S. Copyright Office continues to push for orphan works legislation, U.S. library associations no longer seek such relief. This is due to changes in the copyright legal landscape, particularly the evolving case law concerning fair use. This paper explores the different trajectories of orphan works legislation in the EU and the United States, with special emphasis on how U.S. libraries changed their position in response to legal developments on the ground.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016, jonathan band, orphan works on February 22, 2016 by Krista Cox.
Save the date! The annual Fair Use Week, a celebration of the important doctrines of fair use and fair dealing, will take place from February 22-26, 2016.
What is Fair Use Week?
Each day teachers teach, students learn, researchers advance knowledge, and consumers access copyrighted information due to copyright limitations and exceptions such as fair use or fair dealing. Fair use and fair dealing are essential limitations and exceptions to copyright, allowing the use of copyrighted materials without permission from the copyright holder under certain circumstances. Fair use and fair dealing are flexible doctrines, allowing copyright to adapt to new technologies. These doctrines facilitate balance in copyright law, promoting further progress and accommodating freedom of speech and expression.
While fair use and fair dealing are employed on a daily basis by all users of copyrighted material, Fair Use Week is a time to promote and discuss the opportunities presented, celebrate successful stories and explain the doctrine.
While Fair Use Week 2016 will be celebrated February 22–26, we believe that every week is fair use week. Fair Use Week is simply a time to promote and discuss the opportunities presented by fair use and fair dealing, celebrate successful stories, and explain the doctrine.
When is Fair Use Week?
Fair Use Week 2015 will take place from Monday, February 22, through Friday, February 26. People can participate on a single day during the week, multiple days, or the full week.
How can I participate in Fair Use Week?
The level of participation in Fair Use Week is entirely up to each participant. Some will publish a blog post on fair use on one day during the week, while others might host events each day of the week. Last year, 64 organizations and institutions participated, resulting in the release of more than 90 blog posts, 13 videos, 2 podcasts, and a number of panels and lectures. Take a look at the highlights from Fair Use Week 2015 for ideas on how participants highlighted fair use and fair dealing last year. Many great resources were created including Myths and Facts on Fair Use, A Day In the Life of a Legislative Assistant, podcasts, a comic book and a great Fair Use Fundamentals infographic.
Write a blog post on fair use or fair dealing.
Host a live panel on fair use at your campus, institution, or organization.
Host a webcast or webinar.
Create a video about fair uses.
Publicize fair use on social media using the hashtag #fairuseweek2016.
Submit fair use success stories for the Fair Use Week blog on Tumblr.
We hope you will consider participating in Fair Use Week 2016!
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged fair use, fair use week, fair use week 2016 on September 16, 2015 by Krista Cox.

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