Source: https://russianpatents.com/patent/255/2557985.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 01:25:31+00:00

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The invention relates to medicine, namely to physiology, and can be used to characterize the immunological health.
Adaptation reserves in General are cells, tissues, organs, organ systems and organism as a whole to withstand different types of loads (Meerson F. Z. Adaptation, stress and prophylaxis. - M.: Nauka, 1981 - 278 S. Bulatova M. M. Theoretical and methodological bases for the implementation of functional reserves of athletes in training and competition activities: author. dis. d RA PED. Sciences. - K., 1996. - 50 p.). In the adaptation reserves are allocated structural (morphological) and functional resources (Mozzhukhin A. S. Physiological reserves of the athlete. - L.: GDOIFK them. Lesgaft, 1979. - 16 p.).
The difficulty of obtaining reliable technologies to assess the level of functional reserves caused by the fact that the tested physiological parameters have disparate structures and contribute unequally, ambiguously defined contribution in the research process. The concept of functional reserve is not sufficiently precise and unambiguous descriptions with clearly defined boundaries in accordance with its levels (Korostelev A. N. Methods and tools for the classification and measurement of the level of functional reserve of human rights on the basis of hybrid models. Author. Diss. Cand. tech. NAU�. Kursk, 2012. 19 p). We propose, based on the classification by A. N. Korosteleva classes of functional reserve, to allocate the following levels of immuno-functional reserve of the human body: an optimal immuno-functional reserve in healthy humans, allowing him to function at a reasonably high loads; satisfactory immuno-functional reserve, allowing it to function normally in normal conditions without significant congestion; poor immune functional reserve, in which high risks of occurrence and development of disease and / or unexpected interruption in the work due to the lack of reserve opportunities of an organism.
Known "Method of assessing adaptive capacity" (patent RU 2314019, AV 5/02; published 10.01.2008), which is based on determination of the frequency of the pulse at the radial artery for 1 minute after 15 minutes of rest with subsequent determination of the adaptation potential (AP) by the formula: AP=1,238+0,09·PE, where PE is the pulse frequency, 1,238 and 0.09 - coefficients of the equation. For different values of AP level mechanisms of adaptation assessed as satisfactory, stressful, unsatisfactory, a failure to adapt.
A method of assessing adaptive capacity in patients with breast cancer (Patent RU 2392866, AB 10/00, G01N 33/48; published 27.06.2010) based on ODA�dividing indexes of peripheral blood leukocytes: lymphocytic index index adaptation index of immunoreactivity, with the subsequent calculation of the coefficient of adaptation for each indicator and the aggregate index of adaptive capacity (surfactants) of the body, based on the extent to which adaptive capacity is estimated as a reduced, satisfactory, high.
SDR=AMo/(2Mo×DX)×(ADs+ADd)/(ADs-ADd) where Mo is the most frequently occurring value of the duration of RR-intervals; AMO - the ratio of the number of values of RR-intervals, the duration of which is equal to Mo, the total number of registered R-R; DX - the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the duration of RR-intervals; ADs - value systolic blood pressure; ADd - value diastolic blood pressure.
A method of assessing the functional capacity during exercise, which consists in the measurement of electrocuting AC resistance supplied through 2 cutaneous electrodes, one on goal�ve surveyed. By reducing resistance in comparison with its value at the start of the load of the functional reserve of the organism is considered adequate, and the increase is inadequate (Patent RU №2012227, G01R 27/00, AB 5/05 published 15.05.1994).
Famous assessment of reactions of an organism in response to physical exercise on which to judge the functionality of the surveyed focused on physically healthy people and athletes. They use tests that require significant physical effort, for example a test with squats, Harvard step test, load Bicycle exercise test using a treadmill ("running" track), some other methods (Therapeutic physical culture: the Guide / Epifanov V. A. et al. - M.: Medicine, 1987. - 528 S.; Zhuravlev, A. I., Gruevska N. D. Sports medicine and physiotherapy. / Manual. - M.: Medicine, 1993. - 432 p.). Based on the results of the analysis of indicators of the number of heart rate, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption, respiratory and other equivalent assess the functionality of the subject.
A method of assessing the individual dynamics of changes in the functional capacity of the organism (Patent RU 2208387, AV 5/00; published 20.07.2003), based on the estimated time dynamics of body weight, chest circumference and abdominal circumference;comparison of the difference between these parameters and observing the changes in the functional capacity of the organism.
A method of assessing the functional capacity of the cardiorespiratory system, including the registration of tidal volume and simultaneously stroke volume of the heart and according to the formula calculate the reserve of the cardiorespiratory system (and.with. The USSR 1833714, AV 5/08 published 20.06.2003).
Known method of assessment of functional reserves of the human body (Patent RU №2463593 C1, G01N 33/48, G01N 33/497, published on 10.10.2012), the essence of which is to conduct hypoxic stress test using normobaric oxygen-depleted gas mixtures and subsequent fixation time reoxygenation with monitoring of physiological parameters. Then carry out the calculation of the coefficient of functional abnormalities in conventional. units and its value determine the level of functional reserves.
It is known that the question of assessing the reserve capacity of the immune system is not well developed, although the principle of mobilization of protective adaptive reactions of the organism is fundamental to maintaining normal levels its vital constants. The reserves of the immune system should be evaluated on the data of its potential activity on functional probe, and the degree of mobilization of functional reserve of T cells optimally characterized by the value of total and active T-lymphocytes:/�and. (I. B. Ushakov, Lapaev E. V., marianowski A. A. Immunological health of flight crews: concepts and assessment approaches // Military Medical journal, 1998, No. 12. P. 43-50). As a functional load for information about the data the potential activity of the immune system, these authors used a local hypoxic stress. The authors determined the reserve capacity of the cellular elements of the immune system as sufficient when the ratio We/and That We/T teophelinresistent lymphocytes is greater than 1, and decreasing this value of the index determined on the specific voltage of the mechanisms of resistance and increased mobilization of the immune system.
It is known that the immune system is one of the links, providing homeostasis, and plays a significant role in the adaptation to various perturbing influences, including significant physical stress (Surkin I. D., gotovtseva E. P. the Role of the immune system in the processes of adaptation in athletes // Theor. and practice. of physical culture. - 1991, №8. - Pp. 27-37). It is shown that the dynamics of indicators of immunity depends on the volume and intensity of the loads (Ivanova N. And., Talc, V. V. Influence of physical activity on the immune system // Theory and practice of physical culture. 1981, №1, p. 82-83), besides physical activity as a stress test causes options�national power of all adaptive systems (A. V. Burstow Standardized exercise test in the diagnosis of neurocirculatory dystonia. Clinical medicine, 2007, vol. 85, No. 5, Pp. 41-43).
Since physical activity is correlated with indicators of urgent adaptation of the immune system (A. E. sweet clover, author. Cand. dis. honey. of Sciences, Moscow, 2009, 24 p.), as the closest technical solution, we opted for this invention, which reflects the study of response of peripheral blood leukocytes, which is the seat of the immune system cells (Yarilin A. A. fundamentals of immunology. - M.: Medicine, 1999. - 608 p.), dosed physical load.
AFS=(SPAW:SPAW)×100%, and values of AFS less than or equal to 92.9% of people believe the level of adequacy of physical load is low, when the AFS equal to 93%-99,9% - average, and for values of the AFS equal to 100% or more is high.
However, this method does not give the accuracy and reliability of evaluation of the functional reserves of the organism.
The objective of the claimed invention - improving the accuracy and reliability of evaluation of the functional reserves of the organism.
The invention consists in the fact, the method of determination of immuno-functional reserve of the organism, including definition of leukocyte peripheral blood before and after exercise test, determination of the coefficient of adaptation for each indicator, the summation of these coefficients and the finding of a summary indicator of adaptive capacity, characterized in that as a stress test use speed submaximal workload, conduct differential allocation of various types of leukocytes from the blood to the drug, determine the level of total T cells and active T cells (TA), calculate the index Then/TA, mononuclear cells were incubated with granulocytes, evaluate the index granulocytopenia lymphocytes (NEEDLES) ratio granulocytecolony (GRL pin associated with three granulocytes) and granulocytecolony lymphocytes (GOFS - pin associated with one of the granulocytes) in the product, determine leukocyte indexes: lymphocytic index (LI), the index of immunoreactivity (MIT), the adaptation index (SPNR), determine the coefficients adaptation immuno-functional condition (K) for each indicator, namely, when the value of the token IF set to 0.51 Kli is (-1,3), when the marker 0,52-0,57 - equal (-1,2), when the marker of 0.58 to 0.63 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,64-0,69 - equal (+1), PrimeCare 0,70-0,75 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 0,76-0,81 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 0,82 - equal (+1,3); if the value of the token SPNR 0.39 install Xpdr equal to (-1,3), when the marker 0,40-0,50 - equal (-1,2), when the marker is 0.51 to 0.61 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,62-0,72 - equal (+1), in token of 0.73-0.83 to - equal (+1,1), when the marker is 0.84 to 0.94 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more than 0.95 - equal (+1,3); if the token value of R & d was set to 5.0 Kiir is (-1,3), when the marker 5,01-6,0 - equal (-1,2), when the marker 6,01-7,0 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 7,01-8,0 - equal (+1), when the marker 8,01-9,0 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 9,01-10,0 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more than a 10.1 - equal (+1,3), when the marker value ITL (T-lymphocytes) to 1.0 set Kitl equal to (-1,3), when the marker 1,01-1,30 - equal (-1,2), when the marker of 1.31 to 1.60 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 1,61-1,90 - equal (+1), when the marker 1,91-2,20 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 2,21-2,50 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 2,51 - equal (+1,3); if the value of the marker NEEDLE set to 0.004 of Cigl equal to (-1,3)when the marker of 0,005 0,060 - equal (-1,2), when the marker 0,061-0,116 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,117-0,172 - equal (+1), when the marker 0,173-0,228 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 0,229-0,284 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 0,285 - equal (+1,3), sum To all indicators, find the total immuno-functional state of the organism, SPIFS by the formula SPIFS=Xpsr+Kli+French+Kill+Kill to load - SPIFS and after exercise - SPIFS expect specific coef�icient immuno-functional reserve UKIP by the formula UKIF=(SPIFS+SPIFS)/5 and determine the level of immuno-functional reserve UKIP, at values UKIF above +1,0 consider the level of immuno-optimal functional reserve, at values UKIF from 0 to 1.0 is satisfactory, with values UKIF below 0 - unsatisfactory.
Said technical result is achieved in that in the method of determination of immuno-functional reserve of the organism to explore its overall characteristics, including induced dosed submaximal load adaptive capacity of the organism (SPNR, LEE), immunoreactivity (MIT, ITL) and interaction immunogenicity cells (lymphocytes and granulocytes) subject to the NEEDLES, which enables to get more reliable data and extends the capabilities of the known method. Lymphocytes and monocytes of the peripheral blood belong to the mononuclear cells, other white blood cells - granulocytes (Lymphocytes: Methods: TRANS. angl. / Edited by J. Claus. - M.: Mir, 1990. - 395 p.).
The method is performed as follows.
From peripheral blood by the conventional method in two-stage gradient of ficoll-verografin isolated fraction of mononuclear cells and granulocytes invaded by immunological and allergological methods in gigienicheskikh research. Fedoseyev V. N., Poryadin G. V., Kovalchuk L. V., Chiradeep A. N., Kogan V. Yu. M.: Promedic. - 1933. - 320 p.) before and after the metered speed physical �of agrusti on a Bicycle Ergometer with the achievement of submaximal heart rate.
Granulocytes in the amount of 4×106incubated on glass top in medium 199 for 15 min, released adhering to the glass non-adherent cells from by removing them together with a nutrient medium, added to a monolayer of granulocytes observed in the outer glass mononuclear cells (1×106incubated for 15 min, fixed with glutaric aldehyde, ethyl alcohol, washed with distilled water and stained with azure-eosin by Romanovsky-Giemsa. Under a light microscope to calculate the percentage of drug lymphocytes, monocytes, segmented and band neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes forming granulocytic sockets (GRL), and interactive contact with one granulocytes (GOFS). In parallel to determine the relative content of total and active T-lymphocytes (Novikov D. K., Novikov V. I. Evaluation of the immune status. Moscow, Vitebsk, 1996. - 282 p.), using the mononuclear cell fraction.
Based on these data, determine the coefficients adaptation immuno-functional condition (K) for each indicator, namely, in the system when the marker is set to 0.51 Kli is (-1,3), when the marker 0,52-0,57 - equal (-1,2), when the marker of 0.58 to 0.63 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,64-0,69 - equal (+1), when the marker 0,70-0,75 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 0,76-0,81 - equal (+1,2), PrimeCare more 0,82 - equal (+1,3); system SPNR when marker is set to 0.39 Xpdr equal to (-1,3), when the marker 0,40-0,50 - equal (-1,2), when the marker is 0.51 to 0.61 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,62-0,72 - equal (+1), in token of 0.73-0.83 to - equal (+1,1), when the marker is 0.84 to 0.94 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more than 0.95 - equal (+1,3); in the system of R & d in the marker set to 5.0 Kiir is (-1,3), when the marker 5,01-6,0 - equal (-1,2), when the marker 6,01-7,0 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 7,01-8,0 - equal (+1), when the marker 8,01-9,0 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 9,0-10,0 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more than a 10.1 - equal (+1,3), in the system it'll, when marker is set to 1.0 Kitl equal to (-1,3), when the marker 1,01-1,30 - equal (-1,2), when the marker of 1.31 to 1.60 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 1,61-1,90 - equal (+1), when the marker 1,91-2,20 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 2,21-2,50 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 2,51 - equal (+1,3); in the system of NEEDLES when marker is set to 0.004 of Cigl equal to (-1,3), when the marker of 0,005 0,060 - equal (-1,2), when the marker 0,061-0,116 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,117-0,172 - equal (+1), when the marker 0,173-0,228 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 0,229-0,284 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 0,285 - equal (+1,3), sum To all indicators, find the total immuno-functional state of the organism SPIFS by the formula SPIFS=Xpsr+Kli+French+Kill+Kill to load - SPIFS and after exercise - SPIVA, counting specific coefficient immuno-functional reserve UKIP by the formula UKIF=(SPIFS+SPIFS)/5 and ODA�make the level of immuno-functional reserve UKIP, at values UKIF above +1,0 consider the level of immuno-optimal functional reserve, at values UKIF from 0 to 1.0 is satisfactory, with values UKIF below 0 - unsatisfactory.
Summing up To all indicators, find the total immuno-functional state of the organism SPIFS by the formula: SPIFS=Xpsr+Kli+French+Kill+Kill, determine the total immuno-functional state of the organism to the load - SPIFS and after exercise - SPIFS expect specific coefficient immuno-functional reserve UKIP by the formula: UKIP=(SPIFS+SPIFS)/5 and determine the level of immuno-functional reserve: at values UKIF above +1,0 consider the level of immuno-optimal functional reserve, at values UKIF from 0 to 1.0 is satisfactory, with values UKIF below 0 - unsatisfactory.
Physical activity was performed using veloergometry. Stepwise increasing up to a submaximal workload was given depending on the patient's age, according to the Protocol, starting at 50 W and increasing every 2 min by 25 W, evaluating the condition of the examined ECG, indicate levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate (Instrumental methods of investigation of the cardiovascular system. Ed.T.With. Vinogradova. - M.: Medicine, 1986, 412 S.).
SPNR=L (%) (%), where C is segmented neutrophils.
Index granulocytopenia lymphocytes (NEEDLES) was calculated by the formula: NEEDLES=GRL/GOFS, where GRL - percentage granulocytecolony lymphocytes (lymphocytes, the contact associated with the three granulocytes), GOFS - the percentage granulocytecolony lymphocytes (lymphocytes, the contact associated with one of the granulocytes (GOFS)).
The essential difference of the proposed method is that to determine the total immuno-functional state of the organism SPIFS the results of the study of the relative abundances of different types of leukocytes and subpopulations (lymphocytes; lymphocytes, forming granulocytic sockets; lymphocytes, interactive contact with granulocytes; total T cells, active T-lymphocytes, granulocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) to submaximal load - SPIFS and after exercise - SPIFS expect specific coefficient immuno-f�nctioning reserve UKIP by the formula: UKIP=(SPIFS+SPIFS)/5 and determine the level of immuno-functional reserve: at values UKIF above +1,0 consider the level of immuno-optimal functional reserve, at values UKIF from 0 to 1.0 is satisfactory, with values UKIF below 0 - unsatisfactory.
Example 1. Alexey V., age 24 years, at the time of the survey healthy. In the last 12 months, double ill ORVI. The results of the survey to load: lymphocytes - 36%, eosinophils - 2%, basophils - 1%, monocytes - 5%, segmented neutrophils - 50%, stab neutrophils - 6%, 53%, Cycle - 30%; GRL - 3%, RMK - 25%. Perform the calculation cytological leukocyte indices and their corresponding coefficients immuno-functional condition: IF=0,642 (Kli=+1); SPDR=0,72 (Cpnr=+1); R & d=7,6 (Kiir=+1); ITL=1,766 (Kill=+1); ILG=0,120 (Kill=+1). Determine the total indicator of immuno-functional state of the body to load: SPIFS=+5,0.
The results of the survey after exercise: lymphocytes - 38%, eosinophils - 3%, basophils - 1%, monocytes - 4%, segmented neutrophils 48%, stab neutrophils - 6%, 51%, Tact - 26%; GRL - 5%, RMK - 28%. Carry out the calculation of indices of nonspecific reactivity and their respective coefficients immuno-functional condition: IF = 0,703 (Kli=+1,1) + SPNR = 0,791 (Cspr=+1,1) + R & d 10,25 (Kiir=+1,3) + ITL 1,961 (Kitl +1,1) + ILG = 0,178 (Kill=+1,1). Determine the total indicator of immuno-functional state of the body after exercise: SPIFS=+5,7=1,14. Calculated specific coefficient immuno-functionality�form of further reserve UCIF: (5+5,7)/5=2,1. Characterize the level of immuno-functional reserve as the best.
The method for determining the immune functional reserve of the organism, including definition of leukocyte peripheral blood before and after exercise test, determination of the coefficient of adaptation for each indicator, the summation of these coefficients and the finding of a summary indicator of adaptive capacity, characterized in that as a stress test use speed submaximal workload, conduct differential allocation of various types of leukocytes from the blood to the drug, determine the level of total T cells and active T cells (TA), calculate the index Then/TA, mononuclear cells were incubated with granulocytes, evaluate the index granulocytopenia lymphocytes (NEEDLES) the ratio granulocytecolony (GRL pin associated with three granulocytes) and granulocytecolony lymphocytes (GOFS - pin associated with one of the granulocytes) in the product, determine leukocyte indexes: lymphocytic index (LI), the index of immunoreactivity (MIT), the adaptation index (SPNR), determine the coefficients adaptation immuno-functional condition (K) for each indicator, namely, when the marker value WHETHER: 0.51 establish the Kli is (-1,3), when the marker 0,52-0,57 - equal (-1,2), when the marker of 0.58 to 0.63 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,64-0,69 - equal (+1), when the marker 0,70-0,75 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 0,76-0,31 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 0,82 - equal (+1,3); if the value of the token SPNR 0.39 install Xpdr equal to (-1,3), when the marker 0,40-0,50 - equal (-1,2), when the marker is 0.51 to 0.61 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,62-0,72 - equal (+1), in token of 0.73-0.83 to - equal (+1,1), when the marker is 0.84 to 0.94 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more than 0.95 - equal (+1,3); if the token value of R & d was set to 5.0 Kiir is (-1,3), when the marker 5,01-6,0 - equal (-1,2), when the marker 6,01-7,0 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 7,01-8,0 - equal (+1), when the marker 8,01-9,0 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 9,01-10,0 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more than a 10.1 - equal (+1,3), when the marker value ITL (T-lymphocytes) to 1.0 set Kitl equal to (-1,3), when the marker 1,01-1,30 - equal (-1,2), when the marker of 1.31 to 1.60 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 1,61-1,90 - equal (+1), when the marker 1,91-2,20 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 2,21-2,50 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 2,51 - equal (+1,3); if the value of the marker NEEDLE set to 0.004 of Cigl equal to (-1,3), when the marker of 0,005 0,060 - equal (-1,2), when the marker 0,061-0,116 - equal (-1,1), when the marker 0,117-0,172 - equal (+1), when the marker 0,173-0,228 - equal (+1,1), when the marker 0,229-0,284 - equal (+1,2), when the marker more 0,285 - equal (+1,3), sum To all indicators, find the total immuno-functional state of the organism SPIFS by the formula SPIFS=Xpsr+Kli+French+Kill+Ki�l to load - SPIFS and after exercise - SPIFS expect specific coefficient immuno-functional reserve UKIP by the formula UKIF=(SPIFS+SPIFS)/5 and determine the level of immuno-functional reserve UKIP, at values UKIF above +1,0 consider the level of immuno-optimal functional reserve, at values UKIF from 0 to 1.0 is satisfactory, with values UKIF below 0 - unsatisfactory.

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