Source: http://avu.usaca.ru/en/issues/55/articles/932
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 07:00:16+00:00

Document:
Cattle breeding is a traditional Russian sector of animal. In the transition to a market conditions made it, in comparison to other livestock sectors, suffered particularly heavy losses due to the specifics of the industry. Thus, over the period from 1990 to 2011 in cattle decreased from 57.0 to 20.1 million heads (2.8 times), including cows — from 20.5 to 8.9 million heads (2.3 times), and milk production decreased from 55.7 to 31.7 million tons (1.8 times). Was almost entirely eliminated specialized beef cattle. For the period up to 2001 everywhere abandoned complex industrial complexes and specialized farms production of milk and beef. Due to the sharp decline in domestic agricultural production significantly reduced the volume of production equipment for the mechanization of farms. Currently available renewal of machines is not more than 2 % instead of 11–13 % according to the standards. This led to the fact that over 80 % of vehicles used on farms in excess of depreciation useful life and the cost of maintaining it in working condition up to 10 % of the cost of production. Currently, a significant portion of the new technology for animal comes by foreign firms, the cost of acquisition and which, in particular, spare parts, are 2–3 times higher than the cost counterparts. Integrated mechanization level of cattle farms decreased by 22–28 % in comparison with the pre-reform period. Economic activity analysis of the branch of stockbreeding in the Russian Federation showed that its development is at a low technological level. For the industry conversation to the innovation development way requires a comprehensive solution of the technical, technological and organizational problems.
1. Baranikov A. I., Kolosov Yu. A., Krahmalev V. V., Degtar’ A. S., Shirokova N. V. Evaluation of reproductive qualities of ewes at mating // Veterinary Pathology. 2010. № 4. P. 103–106.
2. Vasilenko V. N., Kolosov Yu. A. Sheep Rostov region : Status and Trends // Sheep, goats, wool business. 2013. № 2. P. 25–29.
3. Kavardakov V. Ya., Kaidalov A. F., Baranikov A. I. Feeding cattle. Rostov-on-Don : Rostizdat, 2008. 461 p.
4. Kolosov Yu. A., Shatalov S. V., Pristupa V. N. Effective development of animal-breading family dairy farms. Persianovsky : DonGAU, 2012. 50 p.
5. Kolosov Yu. A., Zasemchuk I. V. correlative variability and heritability of hosts, space-useful traits in sheep breeds de Sales// Bulletin of Agricultural Science Don. 2011. № 4. P. 64–67.
6. Kolosov Yu. A. Using the gene pool of merino sheep domestic and import selection for the improvement of local merino // Sheep, goats, wool business. 2012. № 4. P. 13–16.
7. Kolosov Yu. A., Kapelist I. V., Zelenkov P. I., Kobylyatsky P. S. Rhythmic effect of feeding on the efficiency of beef production // Journal of Agricultural Urals. 2010. № 12. P. 44–46.
8. Kolosov Yu. A. Some general and specific problems of the industry (on example of sheep, Rostov region) // Sheep, goats, wool business. 2004. № 4. P. 5–7.
9. Kolosov Yu. A., Zasemchuk I. V., Kobylyatsky P. S. Improving sheep de Sales in childbirth // Sheep, goats, wool business. 2012. № 3. P. 13–15.
10. Kuznetsov V. V., Kavardakov V. Ya., Baranikov A. I., Kaidalov A. F. and other Methodological framework for the assessment of the current state of technological development and prognosis of dairy cattle of the Russian Federation. Rostovon-Don, 2009. 224 p.
11. Kuznetsov V. V., Kavardakov V. Ya., Kaidalov A. F. and other Innovative technological development of animal husbandry. Rostov-on-Don, 2011. 608 p.
12. Gorlov I. F., Aboneev V. V., Baranikov A. I., Dunin I. M., Levahin V. I., Mosolov N. I., Randelin D. A., Friesen V. G., Chernuha I. M., Yurova E. A. and other New approaches to the development and implementation of competitive technologies of production and processing of livestock products : monograph / ed. I. F. Gorlov. Volga Research Institute of the production and processing of meat and dairy products of the RAAS, Don State Agrarian University. Persianovsky, 2012. 131 p.
13. Sandu I., Ryzhenkova N. Innovative development of agriculture until 2020 // AIC : economics, management., 2012. № 2. P. 9–12.
14. Filatov A. S., Chomurliev N. G. Status and prospects of sheep breeding in the Volgograd region // Sheep, goats, wool business. 2013. № 2. P. 29–31.

References: V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V.