Source: http://libraryguides.law.pace.edu/c.php?g=319443&p=2134037
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 06:36:26+00:00

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This research guide facilitates the analysis of the 6th Amendment, right to assistance of counsel.
Since Gideon v. Wainwright was decided in 1963, the Supreme Court has granted certiorari in several cases, further defining the contours of the Sixth Amendment guarantee of the right to counsel. This section of the research guide will focus on the right to the appointment of counsel.
Montejo v. Louisiana, 556 U.S. 778 (2009).
Holding that a defendant's waiver of Miranda rights generally amounts to a waiver of Sixth Amendment right to counsel.
Rothgery v. Gillespie County, 554 U.S. 191 (2008).
Holding that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies at the first appearance before a judicial officer at which a defendant is told of the formal accusation against him.
Holding that activation of suspended sentence may not be imposed where the state does not provide counsel to criminal defendant.
Scott v. Illinois, 440 U.S. 367 (1979).
Holding that no indigent criminal defendant may be sentenced to a term of imprisonment unless the state has afforded him the right to assistance of counsel in his defense.
Argersinger v. Hamlin, 407 U.S. 25 (1972).
Holding that the right to a trial lawyer includes counsel at a pretrial proceeding.
Betts v. Brady, 316 U.S. 455 (1942).
Holding that indigent defendants do not have a right to counsel when prosecuted in state court. Famously overruled by Gideon v. Wainwright.
Holding that defendants in federal courts (but not state courts) have the right to be represented by an attorney unless they waive their right to counsel with full knowledge of the potential consequences.
Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45 (1932).
Holding that in a capital trial, the defendant must be given access to counsel upon his request according to the 14th Amendment Due Process requirement.
"An attorney appointed by the court to represent a person, usu. an indigent person."
Black’s Law Dictionary 139 (9th ed. 2009).
ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct Rule 6.1 is relevant to the current debate surrounding the inadequacy of funding for public defenders and court appointed attorneys after Gideon.
"A lawyer should aspire to render at least (50) hours of pro bono publico legal services per year." Model Rules of Prof’l Conduct R. 6.1 (2012).
On April 29, 2013, in Boyer v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court considered “[w]hether a state’s failure to fund counsel for an indigent defendant for five years, particularly where failure was the direct result of the prosecution’s choice to seek the death penalty, should be weighed against the state for speedy trial purposes." Although the Supreme Court dismissed the writ of certiorari as improvidently granted, Boyer highlights the recent criticism of Gideon as an "underfunded mandate."
Boyer v. Louisiana, No. 11-9953, 2013 WL1788077 (U.S. Apr. 29, 2013) (per curiam).

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