Source: https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/SOTWDocs/CR/htm/CR.45.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 15:02:16+00:00

Document:
(4) to process cases without unnecessary expense or delay.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 6, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.002. APPLICATION OF CHAPTER.  Criminal proceedings in the justice and municipal courts shall be conducted in accordance with this chapter, including any other rules of procedure specifically made applicable to those proceedings by this chapter.  If this chapter does not provide a rule of procedure governing any aspect of a case, the justice or judge shall apply the other general provisions of this code to the extent necessary to achieve the objectives of this chapter.
Art. 45.003.  DEFINITION FOR CERTAIN PROSECUTIONS.  For purposes of dismissing a charge under Section 502.407, Transportation Code, "day" does not include Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1291 (H.B. 2305), Sec. 2, eff. March 1, 2015.
Art. 45.011. RULES OF EVIDENCE.  The rules of evidence that govern the trials of criminal actions in the district court apply to a criminal proceeding in a justice or municipal court.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.38 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 8, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.012. ELECTRONICALLY CREATED RECORDS.  (a)  Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a document that is issued or maintained by a justice or municipal court or a notice or a citation  issued by a law enforcement officer may be created by electronic means, including optical imaging, optical disk, digital imaging, or other electronic reproduction technique that does not permit changes, additions, or deletions to the originally created document.
(c) The court shall maintain original documents as provided by law.
(d) An electronically recorded judgment has the same force and effect as a written signed judgment.
(e) A record created by electronic means is an original record or a certification of the original record.
(f) A printed copy of an optical image of the original record printed from an optical disk system is an accurate copy of the original record.
(g) A justice or municipal court shall have a court seal, the impression of which must be attached to all papers issued out of the court except subpoenas, and which must be used to authenticate the official acts of the clerk and of the recorder.  A court seal may be created by electronic means, including optical imaging, optical disk, or other electronic reproduction technique that does not permit changes, additions, or deletions to an original document created by the same type of system.
(h) A statutory requirement that a document contain the signature of any person, including a judge, clerk of the court, or defendant, is satisfied if the document contains that signature as captured on an electronic device.
Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 735, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Subsec. (a) amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 701, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 30, 1999;  Subsec. (f) added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 701, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 30, 1999.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.021 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 9, eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  Subsec. (h) relettered from subsec. (f) by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1420, Sec. 21.001(12), eff. Sept. 1, 2001.
(2) the clerk receives the document not later than the 10th day after the date the document is required to be filed with the clerk.
(b) A legible postmark affixed by the United States Postal Service is prima facie evidence of the date the document is deposited with the United States Postal Service.
(c) In this article, "day" does not include Saturday, Sunday, or a legal holiday.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 10, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.014. WARRANT OF ARREST.  (a)  When a sworn complaint or affidavit based on probable cause has been filed before the justice or municipal court, the justice or judge may issue a warrant for the arrest of the accused and deliver the same to the proper officer to be executed.
(6) it is signed by the justice or judge, naming the office of the justice or judge in the body of the warrant or in connection with the signature of the justice or judge.
(c) Chapter 15 applies to a warrant of arrest issued under this article, except as inconsistent or in conflict with this chapter.
(d)  In a county with a population of more than two million that does not have a county attorney, a justice or judge may not issue a warrant under this section for an offense under Section 32.41, Penal Code, unless the district attorney has approved the complaint or affidavit on which the warrant is based.
(2)  the defendant fails to appear before the justice or judge as required by this article.
(f)  A defendant who receives notice under Subsection (e) may request an alternative date or time to appear before the justice or judge if the defendant is unable to appear on the date and time included in the notice.
(2)  the arrest warrant is resolved in any manner authorized by this code.
(g)  A justice or judge shall recall an arrest warrant for the defendant's failure to appear if the defendant voluntarily appears and makes a good faith effort to resolve the arrest warrant before the warrant is executed.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.18 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 11, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 644 (H.B. 2885), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 9, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 8, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.015. DEFENDANT PLACED IN JAIL.  Whenever, by the provisions of this title, the peace officer is authorized to retain a defendant in custody, the peace officer may place the defendant in jail in accordance with this code or other law.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.43 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 12, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.016.  PERSONAL BOND; BAIL BOND.  (a)  The justice or judge may require the defendant to give a personal bond to secure the defendant's appearance in accordance with this code.
(B)  a bail bond is necessary to secure the defendant's appearance in accordance with this code.
(c)  If a defendant required to give a bail bond under Subsection (b) remains in custody, without giving the bond, for more than 48 hours after the issuance of the applicable order, the justice or judge shall reconsider the requirement for the defendant to give the bond.
(2)  may require the defendant to give a personal bond.
(d)  If the defendant refuses to give a personal bond or, except as provided by Subsection (c), refuses or otherwise fails to give a bail bond, the defendant may be held in custody.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.41 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 13, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 10, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 9, eff. September 1, 2017.
(9) whether an appeal was taken and the date of that action.
(b) The information in the docket may be processed and stored by the use of electronic data processing equipment, at the discretion of the justice of the peace or the municipal court judge.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 499, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28, 1989.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.13 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 14, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.018. COMPLAINT.  (a)  For purposes of this chapter, a complaint is a sworn allegation charging the accused with the commission of an offense.
(b) A defendant is entitled to notice of a complaint against the defendant not later than the day before the date of any proceeding in the prosecution of the defendant under the complaint.  The defendant may waive the right to notice granted by this subsection.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 15, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(7) it must conclude with the words "Against the peace and dignity of the State" and, if the offense charged is an offense only under a municipal ordinance, it may also conclude with the words "Contrary to the said ordinance".
(b) A complaint filed in justice court must allege that the offense was committed in the county in which the complaint is made.
(c) A complaint filed in municipal court must allege that the offense was committed in the territorial limits of the municipality in which the complaint is made.
(d) A complaint may be sworn to before any officer authorized to administer oaths.
(4) the city attorney or a deputy city attorney.
(f) If the defendant does not object to a defect, error, or irregularity of form or substance in a charging instrument before the date on which the trial on the merits commences, the defendant waives and forfeits the right to object to the defect, error, or irregularity.  Nothing in this article prohibits a trial court from requiring that an objection to a charging instrument be made at an earlier time.
(g)  In a county with a population of more than two million that does not have a county attorney, a complaint for an offense under Section 32.41, Penal Code, must be approved by the district attorney, regardless of whether a collection proceeding is initiated by the district attorney under Section 32.41(e), Penal Code.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.17 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 16, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 644 (H.B. 2885), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2005.
Art. 45.020. APPEARANCE BY COUNSEL.  (a)  The defendant has a right to appear by counsel as in all other cases.
(b) State's counsel may open and conclude the argument in the case.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.37 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 17, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 528 (H.B. 1386), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2015.
Art. 45.021. PLEADINGS.  All pleading of the defendant in justice or municipal court may be oral or in writing as the court may direct.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.33 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 18, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(2)  charged with an offense under Section 43.261, Penal Code, if the defendant is younger than 18 years of age.
(B)  all other proceedings relating to the case.
(b) If the court is unable to secure the appearance of the defendant's parent, guardian, or managing conservator by issuance of a summons, the court may, without the defendant's parent, guardian, or managing conservator present, take the defendant's plea and proceed against the defendant.
(c) If the defendant resides in a county other than the county in which the alleged offense occurred, the defendant may, with leave of the judge of the court of original jurisdiction, enter the plea, including a plea under Article 45.052, before a judge in the county in which the defendant resides.
(d)  A justice or municipal court shall endorse on the summons issued to a parent an order to appear personally at a hearing with the child.  The summons must include a warning that the failure of the parent to appear may result in arrest and is a Class C misdemeanor.
Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 193, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.331 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 19, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 949 (H.B. 1575), Sec. 33, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1322 (S.B. 407), Sec. 12, eff. September 1, 2011.
Art. 45.0216.  EXPUNCTION OF CERTAIN CONVICTION RECORDS.  (a)  In this article, "child" has the meaning assigned by Section 51.02, Family Code.
(2)  the person was convicted only once of an offense under Section 43.261, Penal Code.
(c) The person must make a written request to have the records expunged.  The request must be under oath.
(d)  The request must contain the person's statement that the person was not convicted of any additional offense or found to have engaged in conduct indicating a need for supervision as described by Subsection (f)(1) or (2), as applicable.
(e) The judge shall inform the person and any parent in open court of the person's expunction rights and provide them with a copy of this article.
(2)  for a person applying for the expunction of a conviction for an offense described by Section 43.261, Penal Code, the person was not found to have engaged in conduct indicating a need for supervision described by Section 51.03(b)(6), Family Code, while the person was a child.
(f-1)  After entry of an order under Subsection (f), the person is released from all disabilities resulting from the conviction and the conviction may not be shown or made known for any purpose.
(2)  Chapter 161, Health and Safety Code.
(2)  the person was acquitted of the offense.
(i)  The justice or municipal court shall require a person who requests expungement under this article to pay a fee in the amount of $30 to defray the cost of notifying state agencies of orders of expungement under this article.
(j) The procedures for expunction provided under this article are separate and distinct from the expunction procedures under Chapter 55.
Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1297, Sec. 50, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 886 (S.B. 1426), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1322 (S.B. 407), Sec. 13, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1322 (S.B. 407), Sec. 14, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1299 (H.B. 2862), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 935 (H.B. 2398), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1132 (S.B. 108), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 324 (S.B. 1488), Sec. 5.002, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 685 (H.B. 29), Sec. 13, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.0217.  CONFIDENTIAL RECORDS RELATED TO CHARGES AGAINST OR THE CONVICTION OF A CHILD.
(a)  Except as provided by Article 15.27 and Subsection (b), all records and files, including those held by law enforcement, and information stored by electronic means or otherwise, from which a record or file could be generated, relating to a child who is charged with, is convicted of, is found not guilty of, had a charge dismissed for, or is granted deferred disposition for a fine-only misdemeanor offense other than a traffic offense are confidential and may not be disclosed to the public.
(6)  the defendant's parent, guardian, or managing conservator.
Added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 731 (H.B. 961), Sec. 2, eff. June 17, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1257 (H.B. 528), Sec. 2, eff. January 1, 2014.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1257 (H.B. 528), Sec. 3, eff. January 1, 2014.
Art. 45.0217.  CONFIDENTIAL RECORDS RELATED TO THE CONVICTION OF OR DEFERRAL OF DISPOSITION FOR A CHILD.  (a)  This article applies only to a misdemeanor offense punishable by fine only, other than a traffic offense.
(a-1)  Except as provided by Article 15.27 and Subsection (b), all records and files, including those held by law enforcement, and information stored by electronic means or otherwise, from which a record or file could be generated, relating to a child who is convicted of and has satisfied the judgment for or who has received a dismissal after deferral of disposition for an offense described by Subsection (a) are confidential and may not be disclosed to the public.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1319 (S.B. 394), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2013.
Art. 45.0218.  CONFIDENTIAL RECORDS RELATED TO FINE-ONLY MISDEMEANOR.  (a)  Except as provided by Subsections (b) and (c), following the fifth anniversary of the date of a final conviction of, or of a dismissal after deferral of disposition for, a misdemeanor offense punishable by fine only, all records and files and information stored by electronic means or otherwise, from which a record or file could be generated, that are held or stored by or for a municipal or justice court and relate to the person who was convicted of, or who received a dismissal after deferral of disposition for, the offense are confidential and may not be disclosed to the public.
(7)  for the purpose of complying with a requirement under federal law or if federal law requires the disclosure as a condition of receiving federal highway funds.
(c)  This article does not apply to records, files, and information described by Subsection (a) that relate to an offense that is sexual in nature, as determined by the holder of the records, files, or information.
Added by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 811 (H.B. 681), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.022. PLEA OF GUILTY OR NOLO CONTENDERE.  Proof as to the offense may be heard upon a plea of guilty or a plea of nolo contendere and the punishment assessed by the court .
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.34 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 20, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(3)  enter the special plea of double jeopardy as described by Article 27.05.
(b)  If a defendant is detained in jail before trial, the justice or judge may permit the defendant to enter any of the pleas described by Subsection (a).
(d)  Notwithstanding Article 45.037, following a plea of guilty or nolo contendere entered under Subsection (b), a motion for new trial must be made not later than 10 days after the rendition of judgment and sentence, and not afterward.  The justice or judge shall grant a motion for new trial made under this subsection.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.31 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 21, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 691 (H.B. 2679), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2013.
Art. 45.024. DEFENDANT'S REFUSAL TO PLEAD.  The justice or judge shall enter a plea of not guilty if the defendant refuses to plead.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.35 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 22, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.025. DEFENDANT MAY WAIVE JURY.  The accused may waive a trial by jury in writing.  If the defendant waives a trial by jury, the justice or judge shall hear and determine the cause without a jury.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.24 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 23, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.026. JURY TRIAL;  FAILURE TO APPEAR.  (a)  A justice or municipal court may order a party who does not waive a jury trial in a justice or municipal court and who fails to appear for the trial to pay the costs incurred for impaneling the jury.
(b) The justice or municipal court may release a party from the obligation to pay costs under this section for good cause.
(c) An order issued by a justice or municipal court under this section may be enforced by contempt as prescribed by Section 21.002(c), Government Code.
Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 122, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.251 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 24, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.027. JURY SUMMONED.  (a)  If the accused does not waive a trial by jury, the justice or judge shall issue a writ commanding the proper officer to summon a venire from which six qualified persons shall be selected to serve as jurors in the case.
(b) The jurors when so summoned shall remain in attendance as jurors in all cases that may come up for hearing until discharged by the court.
(c) Any person so summoned who fails to attend may be fined an amount not to exceed $100 for contempt.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 802, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.25 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 25, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.028. OTHER JURORS SUMMONED.  If, from challenges or any other cause, a sufficient number of jurors are not in attendance, the justice or judge shall order the proper officer to summon a sufficient number of qualified persons to form the jury.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.29 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 26, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.029. PEREMPTORY CHALLENGES.  In all jury trials in a justice or municipal court, the state and each defendant in the case is entitled to three peremptory challenges.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.28 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 27, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.030. FORMATION OF JURY.  The justice or judge shall form the jury and administer the appropriate oath in accordance with Chapter 35.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.30 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 28, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.032. DIRECTED VERDICT.  If, upon the trial of a case in a justice or municipal court, the state fails to prove a prima facie case of the offense alleged in the complaint, the defendant is entitled to a directed verdict of "not guilty."
Added by Acts 1969, 61st Leg., p. 1655, ch. 520, Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 1969.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.031 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 30, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.033. JURY CHARGE.  The judge shall charge the jury.  The charge may be made orally or in writing, except that the charge shall be made in writing if required by law.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 31, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.034. JURY KEPT TOGETHER.  The jury shall retire in charge of an officer when the cause is submitted to them, and be kept together until they agree to a verdict, are discharged, or the court recesses.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.39 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 32, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.035. MISTRIAL.  A jury shall be discharged if it fails to agree to a verdict after being kept together a reasonable time.  If a jury is discharged because it fails to agree to a verdict, the justice or judge may impanel another jury as soon as practicable to try such cause.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 1005, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.40 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 33, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.036. VERDICT.  (a)  When the jury has agreed on a verdict, the jury shall bring the verdict into court.
(b) The justice or judge shall see that the verdict is in proper form and shall render the proper judgment and sentence on the verdict.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.42 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 34, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.037.  MOTION FOR NEW TRIAL.  A motion for a new trial must be made within five days after the rendition of judgment and sentence, and not afterward.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.45 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 35, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 395 (S.B. 519), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2011.
Art. 45.038. NEW TRIAL GRANTED.  (a)  Not later than the 10th day after the date that the judgment is entered, a justice or judge may, for good cause shown, grant the defendant a new trial, whenever the justice or judge considers that justice has not been done the defendant in the trial of the case.
(b) If a motion for a new trial is not granted before the 11th day after the date that the judgment is entered, the motion shall be considered denied.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.44 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 36, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.039. ONLY ONE NEW TRIAL GRANTED.  Not more than one new trial shall be granted the defendant in the same case.  When a new trial has been granted, the justice or judge shall proceed, as soon as practicable, to try the case again.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.46 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 37, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.040. STATE NOT ENTITLED TO NEW TRIAL.  In no case shall the state be entitled to a new trial.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.47 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 38, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.041. JUDGMENT.  (a)  The judgment and sentence, in case of conviction in a criminal action before a justice of the peace or municipal court judge, shall be that the defendant pay the amount of the fine and costs to the state.
(3)  to satisfy any other sanction authorized by law.
(b-1)  Restitution made under Subsection (b)(2) may not exceed $5,000 for an offense under Section 32.41, Penal Code.
(b-2)  When imposing a fine and costs, if the justice or judge determines that the defendant is unable to immediately pay the fine and costs, the justice or judge shall allow the defendant to pay the fine and costs in specified portions at designated intervals.
(b-4)  The election under Subsection (b-3) must be made in writing, signed by the defendant, and, if present, signed by the defendant's parent, guardian, or managing conservator.  The court shall maintain the written election as a record of the court and provide a copy to the defendant.
(b-5)  The requirement under Article 45.0492(a), as added by Chapter 227 (H.B. 350), Acts of the 82nd Legislature, Regular Session, 2011, that an offense occur in a building or on the grounds of the primary or secondary school at which the defendant was enrolled at the time of the offense does not apply to the performance of community service or the receipt of tutoring to discharge a fine or costs under Subsection (b-3)(1).
(c) The justice or judge shall credit the defendant for time served in jail as provided by Article 42.03.  The credit shall be applied to the amount of the fine and costs at the rate provided by Article 45.048.
(d) All judgments, sentences, and final orders of the justice or judge shall be rendered in open court.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1971, 62nd Leg., p. 2990, ch. 987, Sec. 5, eff. June 15, 1971.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.50 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 39, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1393 (H.B. 485), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 464 (H.B. 27), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1320 (S.B. 395), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 5, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 11, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 10, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.042. APPEAL.  (a)  Appeals from a justice or municipal court, including appeals from final judgments in bond forfeiture proceedings, shall be heard by the county court except in cases where the county court has no jurisdiction, in which counties such appeals shall be heard by the proper court.
(b) Unless the appeal is taken from a municipal court of record and the appeal is based on error reflected in the record, the trial shall be de novo.
(c) In an appeal from the judgment and sentence of a justice or municipal court, if the defendant is in custody, the defendant is to be committed to jail unless the defendant gives bail.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 641, Sec. 4, eff. Sept. 1, 1987.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.10 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 40, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.0425. APPEAL BOND.  (a)  If the court from whose judgment and sentence the appeal is taken is in session, the court must approve the bail.  The amount of an appeal bond may not be less than two times the amount of the fine and costs adjudged against the defendant, payable to the State of Texas.  The appeal bond may not in any case be for an amount less than $50.  If the appeal bond otherwise meets the requirements of this code, the court without requiring a court appearance by the defendant shall approve the appeal bond in the amount the court under Article 27.14(b) notified the defendant would be approved.
(b) An appeal bond shall recite that in the cause the defendant was convicted and has appealed and be conditioned that the defendant shall make the defendant's personal appearance before the court to which the appeal is taken instanter, if the court is in session, or, if the court is not in session, at its next regular term, stating the time and place of that session, and there remain from day to day and term to term, and answer in the cause in the court.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 41, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 12, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 11, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.0426. FILING BOND PERFECTS APPEAL.  (a)  When the appeal bond has been filed with the justice or judge who tried the case not later than the 10th day after the date the judgment was entered, the appeal in such case shall be held to be perfected.
(b) If an appeal bond is not timely filed, the appellate court does not have jurisdiction over the case and shall remand the case to the justice or municipal court for execution of the sentence.
(c) An appeal may not be dismissed because the defendant failed to give notice of appeal in open court.  An appeal by the defendant or the state may not be dismissed on account of any defect in the transcript.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 478, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.14 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 42, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.043. EFFECT OF APPEAL.  When a defendant files the appeal bond required by law with the justice or municipal court, all further proceedings in the case in the justice or municipal court shall cease.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.48 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 43, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(2) fails to appear according to the terms of the defendant's release.
(2) the defendant has a right to a new trial in the case if the defendant applies for the new trial not later than the 10th day after the date of judgment and forfeiture.
(c) Notwithstanding Article 45.037 of this code, the defendant may file a motion for a new trial within the period provided by Subsection (b) of this article, and the court shall grant the motion if the motion is made within that period.  On the new trial, the court shall permit the defendant to withdraw the previously entered plea of nolo contendere and waiver of jury trial.
Added by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 109, Sec. 1, eff. May 9, 1993.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.231 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 44, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.045. CAPIAS PRO FINE.  (a)  If the defendant is not in custody when the judgment is rendered or if the defendant fails to satisfy the judgment according to its terms, the court may order a capias pro fine, as defined by Article 43.015, issued for the defendant's arrest.  The capias pro fine shall state the amount of the judgment and sentence, and command the appropriate peace officer to bring the defendant before the court immediately or place the defendant in jail until the business day following the date of the defendant's arrest if the defendant cannot be brought before the court immediately.
(2)  a municipal court that is located in the same municipality, if the court that issued the capias pro fine was a municipal court.
(2)  if the court that issued the capias pro fine was a municipal court, to a municipal court judge that is located within the same city.
(B)  based on evidence presented at the hearing, the court determines that the capias pro fine should be issued.
(2)  based on evidence presented at the hearing, the court determines that the capias pro fine should be issued.
(2)  the amount owed is resolved in any manner authorized by this chapter.
(3) the court has proceeded under Article 45.050 to compel the individual to discharge the judgment.
(c) This article does not limit the authority of a court to order a child taken into custody under Article 45.058 or 45.059.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1971, 62nd Leg., p. 2991, ch. 987, Sec. 6, eff. June 15, 1971.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.51 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 45, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 283, Sec. 31, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1263 (H.B. 3060), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1171 (S.B. 873), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1182 (S.B. 1139), Sec. 9.02, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 13, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 12, eff. September 1, 2017.
(B)  could have discharged the fine or costs under Article 45.049 without experiencing any undue hardship.
(b) A certified copy of the judgment, sentence, and order is sufficient to authorize such confinement.
(c)  For purposes of a hearing described by Subsection (a), a defendant may be brought before the court in person or by means of an electronic broadcast system through which an image of the defendant is presented to the court.  For purposes of this subsection, "electronic broadcast system" means a two-way electronic communication of image and sound between the defendant and the court and includes secure Internet videoconferencing.
(2)  a municipal court judge who is located in the same municipality as the issuing court, if the issuing court was a municipal court.
(2)  if the court that issued the capias pro fine was a municipal court, a municipal court judge that is located within the same city as the issuing municipal court.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1971, 62nd Leg., p. 2991, ch. 987, Sec. 7, eff. June 15, 1971.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.52 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 46, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1263 (H.B. 3060), Sec. 19, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 474 (S.B. 414), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1171 (S.B. 873), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1182 (S.B. 1139), Sec. 9.03, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 14, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 13, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.047. CIVIL COLLECTION OF FINES AFTER JUDGMENT.  If after a judgment and sentence is entered the defendant defaults in payment of a fine, the justice or judge may order the fine and costs collected by execution against the defendant's property in the same manner as a judgment in a civil suit.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 47, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(2)  has remained in jail a sufficient length of time to satisfy the fine and costs, at the rate of not less than $100 for each period served, as specified by the convicting court in the judgment in the case.
(b)  A convicting court may specify a period that is not less than eight hours or more than 24 hours as the period for which a defendant who fails to pay the fine and costs in the case must remain in jail to satisfy $100 of the fine and costs.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1981, 67th Leg., p. 2648, ch. 708, Sec. 3, eff. Aug. 31, 1981.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.53 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 48, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 872, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2001;  Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 209, Sec. 65(a), eff. Jan. 1, 2004.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 15, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 14, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.049. COMMUNITY SERVICE IN SATISFACTION OF FINE OR COSTS.  (a)  A justice or judge may require a defendant who fails to pay a previously assessed fine or costs, or who is determined by the court to have insufficient resources or income to pay a fine or costs, to discharge all or part of the fine or costs by performing community service.  A defendant may discharge an obligation to perform community service under this article by paying at any time the fine and costs assessed.
(2)  the date by which the defendant must submit to the court documentation verifying the defendant's completion of the community service.
(c-1)  An entity that accepts a defendant under this article to perform community service must agree to supervise, either on-site or remotely, the defendant in the performance of the defendant's community service and report on the defendant's community service to the justice or judge who ordered the service.
(d)  A justice or judge may not order a defendant to perform more than 16 hours per week of community service under this article unless the justice or judge determines that requiring the defendant to perform additional hours does not impose an undue hardship on the defendant or the defendant's dependents.
(e)  A defendant is considered to have discharged not less than $100 of fines or costs for each eight hours of community service performed under this article.
(2)  was not intentional, wilfully or wantonly negligent, or performed with conscious indifference or reckless disregard for the safety of others.
(B)  report to the court on the defendant's community service.
(h)  This subsection applies only to a defendant charged with an offense under Section 106.05, Alcoholic Beverage Code, who, under Subsection (g), elects to perform the required community service in the county in which the defendant resides.  The community service must comply with Sections 106.071(d) and (e), Alcoholic Beverage Code, except that if the educational programs or services described by Section 106.071(e) are not available in the county of the defendant's residence, the court may order community service that it considers appropriate for rehabilitative purposes.
(i)  A community supervision and corrections department or a court-related services office may provide the administrative and other services necessary for supervision of a defendant required to perform community service under this article.
Added by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 298, Sec. 1, eff. May 27, 1993.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.521 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 49, eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  Subsec. (e) amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 209, Sec. 66(a), eff. Jan. 1, 2004.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1113 (H.B. 3692), Sec. 5.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1263 (H.B. 3060), Sec. 17, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 87 (S.B. 1969), Sec. 27.001(2), eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 15, eff. September 1, 2017.
(2)  discharging the fine or costs under Article 45.049 or as otherwise authorized by this chapter would impose an undue hardship on the defendant.
(2)  is designated as a homeless child or youth or an unaccompanied youth, as those terms are defined by 42 U.S.C. Section 11434a, or was so designated at the time of the offense.
Added by Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1263 (H.B. 3060), Sec. 18, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1320 (S.B. 395), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 6, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 17, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2017.
For text of article as added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 777 (H.B. 1964), Sec. 1, see other Art. 45.0492.
Art. 45.0492.  COMMUNITY SERVICE IN SATISFACTION OF FINE OR COSTS FOR CERTAIN JUVENILE DEFENDANTS.  (a)  This article applies only to a defendant younger than 17 years of age who is assessed a fine or costs for a Class C misdemeanor occurring in a building or on the grounds of the primary or secondary school at which the defendant was enrolled at the time of the offense.
(b)   A justice or judge may require a defendant described by Subsection (a) to discharge all or part of the fine or costs by performing community service.  A defendant may discharge an obligation to perform community service under this article by paying at any time the fine and costs assessed.
(d-1)  An entity that accepts a defendant under this article to perform community service must agree to supervise, either on-site or remotely, the defendant in the performance of the defendant's community service and report on the defendant's community service to the justice or judge who ordered the service.
(e)  Repealed by Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 31, and Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 27, eff. September 1, 2017.
(f)  A justice or judge may not order a defendant to perform more than 16 hours of community service per week under this article unless the justice or judge determines that requiring the defendant to perform additional hours does not impose an undue hardship on the defendant or the defendant's family.  For purposes of this subsection, "family" has the meaning assigned by Section 71.003, Family Code.
(g)  A defendant is considered to have discharged not less than $100 of fines or costs for each eight hours of community service performed under this article.
(2)  was not intentional, grossly negligent, or performed with conscious indifference or reckless disregard for the safety of others.
(i)  A local juvenile probation department or a court-related services office may provide the administrative and other services necessary for supervision of a defendant required to perform community service under this article.
Added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 227 (H.B. 350), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 18, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 19, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 31, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 17, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 18, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 27, eff. September 1, 2017.
For text of article as added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 227 (H.B. 350), Sec. 1, see other Art. 45.0492.
Art. 45.0492.  COMMUNITY SERVICE IN SATISFACTION OF FINE OR COSTS FOR CERTAIN JUVENILE DEFENDANTS.  (a) This article applies only to a defendant younger than 17 years of age who is assessed a fine or costs for a Class C misdemeanor.
(b)  A justice or judge may require a defendant described by Subsection (a) to discharge all or part of the fine or costs by performing community service. A defendant may discharge an obligation to perform community service under this article by paying at any time the fine and costs assessed.
(e)  A justice or judge may not order a defendant to perform more than 16 hours of community service per week under this article unless the justice or judge determines that requiring the defendant to perform additional hours does not impose an undue hardship on the defendant or the defendant's family.  For purposes of this subsection, "family" has the meaning assigned by Section 71.003, Family Code.
(g)  A local juvenile probation department or a court-related services office may provide the administrative and other services necessary for supervision of a defendant required to perform community service under this article.
(h)  A defendant is considered to have discharged not less than $100 of fines or costs for each eight hours of community service performed under this article.
Added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 777 (H.B. 1964), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 20, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 19, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.050.  FAILURE TO PAY FINE; FAILURE TO APPEAR; CONTEMPT:  JUVENILES.  (a)  In this article, "child" has the meaning assigned by Article 45.058(h).
(3)  contempt of another order of a justice or municipal court.
(B) that the Department of Public Safety suspend the contemnor's driver's license or permit or, if the contemnor does not have a license or permit, to deny the issuance of a license or permit to the contemnor until the contemnor fully complies with the orders of the court.
(3) the failure to obey occurred under circumstances that constitute contempt of court.
(e) A justice or municipal court may hold a person in contempt and impose a remedy authorized by Subsection (c)(2) if the person, while younger than 17 years of age, engaged in conduct in contempt of an order issued by the justice or municipal court, but contempt proceedings could not be held before the person's 17th birthday.
(f) A court that orders suspension or denial of a driver's license or permit under Subsection (c)(2)(B) shall notify the Department of Public Safety on receiving proof of compliance with the orders of the court.
(g) A justice or municipal court may not refer a child who violates a court order while 17 years of age or older to a juvenile court for delinquency proceedings for contempt of court.
Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 262, Sec. 86, eff. Jan. 1, 1996.  Subsec. (b) amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 76, Sec. 7, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.522 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 49, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Subsec. (b) amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1297, Sec. 51, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.  Amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1514, Sec. 8, eff. Sept. 1, 2001;  Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 283, Sec. 32, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1071 (H.B. 3272), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1071 (H.B. 3272), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2017.
Art. 45.051. SUSPENSION OF SENTENCE AND DEFERRAL OF FINAL DISPOSITION.  (a)  On a plea of guilty or nolo contendere by a defendant or on a finding of guilt in a misdemeanor case punishable by fine only and payment of all court costs, the judge may defer further proceedings without entering an adjudication of guilt and place the defendant on probation for a period not to exceed 180 days.  In issuing the order of deferral, the judge may impose a special expense fee on the defendant in an amount not to exceed the amount of the fine that could be imposed on the defendant as punishment for the offense.  The special expense fee may be collected at any time before the date on which the period of probation ends.  The judge may elect not to impose the special expense fee for good cause shown by the defendant.  If the judge orders the collection of a special expense fee, the judge shall require that the amount of the special expense fee be credited toward the payment of the amount of the fine imposed by the judge.  An order of deferral under this subsection terminates any liability under a bond given for the charge.
(3)  take any combination of actions authorized by Subdivision (1) or (2).
(10)  comply with any other reasonable condition.
(3)  if the defendant holds a provisional license, during the deferral period the judge shall require that the defendant be examined by the Department of Public Safety as required by Section 521.161(b)(2), Transportation Code; a defendant is not exempt from the examination regardless of whether the defendant was examined previously.
(b-2)  A person examined as required by Subsection (b-1)(3) must pay a $10 examination fee.
(b-3)  The fee collected under Subsection (b-2) must be deposited to the credit of a special account in the general revenue fund and may be used only by the Department of Public Safety for the administration of Chapter 521, Transportation Code.
(c)  On determining that the defendant has complied with the requirements imposed by the judge under this article, the judge shall dismiss the complaint, and it shall be clearly noted in the docket that the complaint is dismissed and that there is not a final conviction.
(2)  require the defendant to appear at the time and place stated in the notice to show cause why the order of deferral should not be revoked.
(c-2)  On the defendant's showing of good cause for failure to present satisfactory evidence of compliance with the requirements imposed by the judge under this article, the court may allow an additional period during which the defendant may present evidence of the defendant's compliance with the requirements.
(d)  If on the date of a show cause hearing under Subsection (c-1) or, if applicable, by the conclusion of an additional period provided under Subsection (c-2) the defendant does not present satisfactory evidence that the defendant complied with the requirements imposed, the judge may impose the fine assessed or impose a lesser fine.  The imposition of the fine or lesser fine constitutes a final conviction of the defendant.  This subsection does not apply to a defendant required under Subsection (b-1) to complete a driving safety course approved under Chapter 1001, Education Code, or an examination under Section 521.161(b)(2), Transportation Code.
(d-1)  If the defendant was required to complete a driving safety course or an examination under Subsection (b-1) and on the date of a show cause hearing under Subsection (c-1) or, if applicable, by the conclusion of an additional period provided under Subsection (c-2) the defendant does not present satisfactory evidence that the defendant completed that course or examination, the judge shall impose the fine assessed.  The imposition of the fine constitutes a final conviction of the defendant.
(e) Records relating to a complaint dismissed as provided by this article may be expunged under Article 55.01. If a complaint is dismissed under this article, there is not a final conviction and the complaint may not be used against the person for any purpose.
(B)  held a commercial driver's license when the offense was committed.
(g)  If a judge requires a defendant under Subsection (b) to attend an alcohol awareness program or drug education program as described by Subdivision (6) of that subsection, unless the judge determines that the defendant is indigent and unable to pay the cost, the judge shall require the defendant to pay the cost of attending the program. The judge may allow the defendant to pay the cost of attending the program in installments during the deferral period.
Added by Acts 1981, 67th Leg., p. 894, ch. 318, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1981.  Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 226, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987;  Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 399, Sec. 1, eff. June 14, 1989.  Subsec. (1) amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 775, Sec. 19, eff. Sept. 1, 1991.  Amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 835, Sec. 4, eff. Sept. 1, 1991;  Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 900, Sec. 5.07, eff. Sept. 1, 1993.  Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 532, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1387, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.54 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 50, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1420, Sec. 3.002, eff. Sept. 1, 2001;  Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 991, Sec. 12, eff. Sept. 1, 2003;  Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1182, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2003;  Subsec. (c) amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., 3rd C.S., ch. 8, Sec. 4.01, eff. Jan. 11, 2004;  Subsec. (c-1) amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., 3rd C.S., ch. 8, Sec. 4.03, eff. Jan. 11, 2004.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 90 (S.B. 1005), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 281 (H.B. 2702), Sec. 3.01(a), eff. June 14, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 357 (S.B. 1257), Sec. 6, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 508 (S.B. 545), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 714 (H.B. 2267), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 921 (H.B. 3167), Sec. 3.001, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 1121 (H.B. 1544), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 227 (H.B. 350), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 777 (H.B. 1964), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 914 (S.B. 1330), Sec. 1, eff. January 1, 2012.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1004 (H.B. 642), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 21, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 20, eff. September 1, 2017.
(C)  Section 729.001(a)(3), Transportation Code.
(3)  is classified as a moving violation.
(6)  the defendant provides evidence of financial responsibility as required by Chapter 601, Transportation Code.
(4)  if the defendant does not have a valid Texas driver's license or permit and is a member, or the spouse or dependent child of a member, of the United States military forces serving on active duty, an affidavit stating that the defendant was not taking a driving safety course or motorcycle operator training course, as appropriate, in another state on the date the request to take the course was made and had not completed such a course within the 12 months preceding the date of the offense.
(c-1)  In this subsection, "state electronic Internet portal" has the meaning assigned by Section 2054.003, Government Code.  As an alternative to receiving the defendant's driving record under Subsection (c)(2), the judge, at the time the defendant requests a driving safety course or motorcycle operator training course dismissal under this article, may require the defendant to pay a fee in an amount equal to the sum of the amount of the fee established by Section 521.048, Transportation Code, and the state electronic Internet portal fee and, using the state electronic Internet portal, may request the Texas Department of Public Safety to provide the judge with a copy of the defendant's driving record that shows the information described by Section 521.047(b), Transportation Code.  As soon as practicable and using the state electronic Internet portal, the Texas Department of Public Safety shall provide the judge with the requested copy of the defendant's driving record.  The fee authorized by this subsection is in addition to any other fee required under this article.  If the copy of the defendant's driving record provided to the judge under this subsection shows that the defendant has not completed an approved driving safety course or motorcycle operator training course, as appropriate, within the 12 months preceding the date of the offense, the judge shall allow the defendant to complete the appropriate course as provided by this article.  The custodian of a municipal or county treasury who receives fees collected under this subsection shall keep a record of the fees and, without deduction or proration, forward the fees to the comptroller, with and in the manner required for other fees and costs received in connection with criminal cases.  The comptroller shall credit fees received under this subsection to the Texas Department of Public Safety.
(d) Notwithstanding Subsections (b)(2) and (3), before the final disposition of the case, the court may grant a request to take a driving safety course or a motorcycle operator training course under this article.
(e) A request to take a driving safety course or motorcycle operator training course made at or before the time and at the place at which a defendant is required to appear in court is an appearance in compliance with the defendant's promise to appear.
(2) require a defendant requesting a course under Subsection (d) to pay a fee set by the court at an amount not to exceed the maximum amount of the fine for the offense committed by the defendant.
(g) A defendant who requests but does not take a course is not entitled to a refund of the fee.
(h) Fees collected by a municipal court shall be deposited in the municipal treasury.  Fees collected by another court shall be deposited in the county treasury of the county in which the court is located.
(2) require the defendant to appear at the time and place stated in the notice to show cause why the evidence was not timely submitted to the court.
(j) If the defendant fails to appear at the time and place stated in the notice under Subsection (i), or appears at the time and place stated in the notice but does not show good cause for the defendant's failure to comply with Subsection (c), the court shall enter an adjudication of guilt and impose sentence.
(2) a verification of course completion as evidence that the defendant successfully completed the motorcycle operator training course.
(3) state in that report whether the course was taken under this article to provide information necessary to determine eligibility to take a subsequent course under Subsection (b).
(m) The court may dismiss only one charge for each completion of a course.
(n) A charge that is dismissed under this article may not be part of a person's driving record or used for any purpose.
(o) An insurer delivering or issuing for delivery a motor vehicle insurance policy in this state may not cancel or increase the premium charged an insured under the policy because the insured completed a driving safety course or a motorcycle operator training course, or had a charge dismissed under this article.
(3)  an offense to which Section 542.404, Transportation Code, applies.
"You may be able to require that this charge be dismissed by successfully completing a driving safety course or a motorcycle operator training course.  You will lose that right if, on or before your appearance date, you do not provide the court with notice of your request to take the course."
(r) If the notice required by Subsection (q) is not provided to the defendant charged with the offense, the defendant may continue to exercise the defendant's right to take a driving safety course or a motorcycle operator training course until the notice required by Subsection (q) is provided to the defendant or there is a final disposition of the case.
(2)  held a commercial driver's license when the offense was committed.
(t)  An order of deferral under Subsection (c) terminates any liability under a bond given for the charge.
(u)  The requirement of Subsection (b)(2) does not apply to a defendant charged with an offense under Section 545.412, Transportation Code, if the judge requires the defendant to attend and present proof that the defendant has successfully completed a specialized driving safety course that includes four hours of instruction that encourages the use of child passenger safety seat systems, and any driving safety course taken by the defendant under this section within the 12 months preceding the date of the offense did not include that training.  The person's driving record under Subsection (c)(2) and the affidavit of the defendant under Subsection (c)(3) is required to include only previous or concurrent courses that included that training.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 51, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1420, Sec. 3.0021(a), eff. Sept. 1, 2001;  Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 991, Sec. 13, eff. Sept. 1, 2003;  Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1182, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 2003;  Subsecs. (e), (l) to (t) amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., 3rd C.S., ch. 8, Sec. 4.02, eff. Jan. 11, 2004.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 90 (S.B. 1005), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 357 (S.B. 1257), Sec. 7, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 913 (H.B. 183), Sec. 6, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 1194 (H.B. 370), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 1209 (H.B. 703), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 805 (S.B. 1083), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 829 (H.B. 586), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 973 (H.B. 1504), Sec. 1, eff. June 17, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 161 (S.B. 1093), Sec. 3.009, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1044 (H.B. 1786), Sec. 54, eff. September 1, 2015.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 977 (H.B. 351), Sec. 22, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1127 (S.B. 1913), Sec. 21, eff. September 1, 2017.
(4)  has not successfully completed a teen court program in the year preceding the date that the alleged offense occurred.
(b) The teen court program must be approved by the court.
(c) A defendant for whom proceedings are deferred under Subsection (a) shall complete the teen court program not later than the 90th day after the date the teen court hearing to determine punishment is held or the last day of the deferral period, whichever date is earlier.  The justice or municipal court shall dismiss the charge at the time the defendant presents satisfactory evidence that the defendant has successfully completed the teen court program.
(d) A charge dismissed under this article may not be part of the defendant's criminal record or driving record or used for any purpose.  However, if the charge was for a traffic offense, the court shall report to the Department of Public Safety that the defendant successfully completed the teen court program and the date of completion for inclusion in the defendant's driving record.
(e) The justice or municipal court may require a person who requests a teen court program to pay a fee not to exceed $10 that is set by the court to cover the costs of administering this article.  Fees collected by a municipal court shall be deposited in the municipal treasury.  Fees collected by a justice court shall be deposited in the county treasury of the county in which the court is located.  A person who requests a teen court program and fails to complete the program is not entitled to a refund of the fee.
(f) A court may transfer a case in which proceedings have been deferred under this section to a court in another county if the court to which the case is transferred consents.  A case may not be transferred unless it is within the jurisdiction of the court to which it is transferred.
(g) In addition to the fee authorized by Subsection (e) of this article, the court may require a child who requests a teen court program to pay a $10 fee to cover the cost to the teen court for performing its duties under this article.  The court shall pay the fee to the teen court program, and the teen court program must account to the court for the receipt and disbursal of the fee.  A child who pays a fee under this subsection is not entitled to a refund of the fee, regardless of whether the child successfully completes the teen court program.
(h) A justice or municipal court may exempt a defendant for whom proceedings are deferred under this article from the requirement to pay a court cost or fee that is imposed by another statute.
(i)  Notwithstanding Subsection (e) or (g), a justice or municipal court that is located in the Texas-Louisiana border region, as defined by Section 2056.002, Government Code, may charge a fee of $20 under those subsections.
Added by Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 1031, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1989.  Subsec. (g) added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 598, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995;  added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 748, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 1995;  Subsec. (h) relettered from Subsec. (g) by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 31.01(13), eff. Sept. 1, 1997;  Subsecs. (a), (f) amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 76, Sec. 6, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.55 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 52, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.  Subsec. (a) amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 216, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2001;  Subsec. (c) amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 216, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 910 (H.B. 2949), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1132 (S.B. 108), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2015.
(2) an application for court-ordered treatment of the defendant is filed in accordance with Chapter 462, Health and Safety Code.
(b) At the end of the deferral period, the justice or municipal court shall dismiss the charge if satisfactory evidence is presented that the defendant was committed for and completed court-ordered treatment in accordance with Chapter 462, Health and Safety Code, and it shall be clearly noted in the docket that the complaint is dismissed and that there is not a final conviction.
(c) If at the conclusion of the deferral period satisfactory evidence that the defendant was committed for and completed court-ordered treatment in accordance with Chapter 462, Health and Safety Code, is not presented, the justice or municipal court may impose the fine assessed or impose a lesser fine.  The imposition of a fine constitutes a final conviction of the defendant.
(d) Records relating to a complaint dismissed under this article may be expunged under Article 55.01 of this code.  If a complaint is dismissed under this article, there is not a final conviction and the complaint may not be used against the person for any purpose.
Added by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 198, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1991.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.56 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 53, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(2)  sufficient justification exists for the failure to attend school.
Added by Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 935 (H.B. 2398), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2015.
Art. 45.0541.  EXPUNCTION OF FAILURE TO ATTEND SCHOOL RECORDS.  (a)  In this article, "truancy offense" means an offense committed under the former Section 25.094, Education Code.
(b)  An individual who has been convicted of a truancy offense or has had a complaint for a truancy offense dismissed is entitled to have the conviction or complaint and records relating to the conviction or complaint expunged.
(c)  Regardless of whether the individual has filed a petition for expunction, the court in which the individual was convicted or a complaint for a truancy offense was filed shall order the conviction, complaints, verdicts, sentences, and other documents relating to the offense, including any documents in the possession of a school district or law enforcement agency, to be expunged from the individual's record.  After entry of the order, the individual is released from all disabilities resulting from the conviction or complaint, and the conviction or complaint may not be shown or made known for any purpose.
Art. 45.056.  JUVENILE CASE MANAGERS.
(3)  agree in accordance with Chapter 791, Government Code, with any appropriate governmental entity to jointly employ a case manager or to jointly contribute to the costs of a case manager employed by one governmental entity to provide services described by Subdivisions (1) and (2).
(b) A local entity may apply or more than one local entity may jointly apply to the criminal justice division of the governor's office for reimbursement of all or part of the costs of employing one or more juvenile case managers from funds appropriated to the governor's office or otherwise available for that purpose.  To be eligible for reimbursement, the entity applying must present to the governor's office a comprehensive plan to reduce juvenile crimes in the entity's jurisdiction that addresses the role of the case manager in that effort.
(c)  An entity that jointly employs a case manager under Subsection (a)(3) employs a juvenile case manager for purposes of Chapter 102 of this code and Chapter 102, Government Code.
(B)  intervention services to juveniles engaged in misconduct prior to cases being filed, excluding traffic offenses.
(d)  Pursuant to Article 102.0174, the court or governing body may pay the salary and benefits of a juvenile case manager and the costs of training, travel, office supplies, and other necessary expenses relating to the position of the juvenile case manager from the juvenile case manager fund.
Without reference to the amendment of this subsection, this subsection was repealed by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1098 (S.B. 1489), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2011.
(e)  A juvenile case manager employed under Subsection (c) shall give priority to cases brought under Sections 25.093 and 25.094, Education Code.
(G)  detecting and preventing abuse, exploitation, and neglect of juveniles.
(g)  The employing court or governmental entity under this article shall implement the rules adopted under Subsection (f).
(h)  The commissioners court or governing body of the municipality that administers a juvenile case manager fund under Article 102.0174 shall require periodic review of juvenile case managers to ensure the implementation of the rules adopted under Subsection (f).
(i)  The juvenile case manager shall timely report to the judge who signed the order or judgment and, on request, to the judge assigned to the case or the presiding judge any information or recommendations relevant to assisting the judge in making decisions that are in the best interest of the child.
(4)  any sanctions available to the court that would be in the best interest of the child.
(2)  a county judge of a county court that has one or more appointed full-time magistrates under Section 54.1172, Government Code.
Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1514, Sec. 9, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.  Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 283, Sec. 33, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 949 (H.B. 1575), Sec. 34, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 868 (S.B. 61), Sec. 1, eff. June 17, 2011.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 868 (S.B. 61), Sec. 2, eff. June 17, 2011.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1055 (S.B. 209), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1098 (S.B. 1489), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 161 (S.B. 1093), Sec. 22.001(8), eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 161 (S.B. 1093), Sec. 22.002(4), eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1213 (S.B. 1419), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 7, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 935 (H.B. 2398), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2015.
(1) "Child" has the meaning assigned by Article 45.058(h).
(2) "Residence" means any place where the child lives or resides for a period of at least 30 days.
(3) "Parent" includes a person standing in parental relation, a managing conservator, or a custodian.
(B)  attend the child's school classes or functions.
(c) The justice or municipal court may order the parent, managing conservator, or guardian of a child required to attend a program under Subsection (b) to pay an amount not greater than $100 to pay for the costs of the program.
(d) A justice or municipal court may require a child, parent, managing conservator, or guardian required to attend a program, class, or function under this article to submit proof of attendance to the court.
(e) A justice or municipal court shall endorse on the summons issued to a parent an order to appear personally at the hearing with the child.  The summons must include a warning that the failure of the parent to appear may result in arrest and is a Class C misdemeanor.
(f) An order under this article involving a child is enforceable under Article 45.050.
(g) A person commits an offense if the person is a parent, managing conservator, or guardian who fails to attend a hearing under this article after receiving an order under Subsection (e).  An offense under this subsection is a Class C misdemeanor.
(h) A child and parent required to appear before the court have an obligation to provide the court in writing with the current address and residence of the child.  The obligation does not end when the child reaches age 17.  On or before the seventh day after the date the child or parent changes residence, the child or parent shall notify the court of the current address in the manner directed by the court.  A violation of this subsection may result in arrest and is a Class C misdemeanor.  The obligation to provide notice terminates on discharge and satisfaction of the judgment or final disposition not requiring a finding of guilt.
(i) If an appellate court accepts an appeal for a trial de novo, the child and parent shall provide the notice under Subsection (h) to the appellate court.
(3) a peace officer that issues a citation under Section 543.003, Transportation Code, or Article 14.06(b) of this code.
(k) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under Subsection (h) that the child and parent were not informed of their obligation under this article.
(l) Any order under this article is enforceable by the justice or municipal court by contempt.
Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1514, Sec. 9, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.  Subsecs. (a), (b), (e), (h) amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 283, Sec. 34, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.  Subsecs. (i) to (l) added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 283, Sec. 34, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 777 (H.B. 1964), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2011.
Art. 45.058. CHILDREN TAKEN INTO CUSTODY.  (a)  A child may be released to the child's parent, guardian, custodian, or other responsible adult as provided by Section 52.02(a)(1), Family Code, if the child is taken into custody for an offense that a justice or municipal court has jurisdiction of under Article 4.11 or 4.14.
(2) is taken before a justice or municipal court.
(c) A place of nonsecure custody for children must be an unlocked, multipurpose area.  A lobby, office, or interrogation room is suitable if the area is not designated, set aside, or used as a secure detention area and is not part of a secure detention area.  A place of nonsecure custody may be a juvenile processing office designated under Section 52.025, Family Code, if the area is not locked when it is used as a place of nonsecure custody.
(4) the child shall be under continuous visual supervision by a law enforcement officer or facility staff person during the time the child is in nonsecure custody.
(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, a child may not, under any circumstances, be detained in a place of nonsecure custody for more than six hours.
(2)  the child is referred to the juvenile court by a justice or municipal court for contempt of court under Article 45.050.
(g)  Except as provided by Subsection (g-1) and Section 37.143(a), Education Code, a law enforcement officer may issue a field release citation as provided by Article 14.06 in place of taking a child into custody for a traffic offense or an offense punishable by fine only.
(g-1)  A law enforcement officer may issue a field release citation as provided by Article 14.06 in place of taking a child into custody for conduct constituting a violation of Section 49.02, Penal Code, only if the officer releases the child to the child's parent, guardian, custodian, or other responsible adult.
(2) charged with or convicted of an offense that a justice or municipal court has jurisdiction of under Article 4.11 or 4.14.
(i)  If a law enforcement officer issues a citation or files a complaint in the manner provided by Article 45.018 for conduct by a child 12 years of age or older that is alleged to have occurred on school property or on a vehicle owned or operated by a county or independent school district, the officer shall submit to the court the offense report, a statement by a witness to the alleged conduct, and a statement by a victim of the alleged conduct, if any.  An attorney representing the state may not proceed in a trial of an offense unless the law enforcement officer complied with the requirements of this subsection.
(j)  Notwithstanding Subsection (g) or (g-1), a law enforcement officer may not issue a citation or file a complaint in the manner provided by Article 45.018 for conduct by a child younger than 12 years of age that is alleged to have occurred on school property or on a vehicle owned or operated by a county or independent school district.
Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1514, Sec. 9, eff. Sept. 1, 2001.
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 311 (H.B. 558), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1409 (S.B. 1114), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2015, 84th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1132 (S.B. 108), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2015.
(3) take the person to a place designated as a juvenile curfew processing office by the head of the law enforcement agency having custody of the person.
(6) a person may not be held in a juvenile curfew processing office for more than six hours.
(c) A place designated under this article as a juvenile curfew processing office is not subject to the approval of the juvenile board having jurisdiction where the governmental entity is located.
Art. 45.060. UNADJUDICATED CHILDREN, NOW ADULTS;  NOTICE ON REACHING AGE OF MAJORITY;  OFFENSE.  (a)  Except as provided by Articles 45.058 and 45.059, an individual may not be taken into secured custody for offenses alleged to have occurred before the individual's 17th birthday.
(b) On or after an individual's 17th birthday, if the court has used all available procedures under this chapter to secure the individual's appearance to answer allegations made before the individual's 17th birthday, the court may issue a notice of continuing obligation to appear by personal service or by mail to the last known address and residence of the individual.  The notice must order the individual to appear at a designated time, place, and date to answer the allegations detailed in the notice.
(c) Failure to appear as ordered by the notice under Subsection (b) is a Class C misdemeanor independent of Section 38.10, Penal Code, and Section 543.003, Transportation Code.
(d) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under Subsection (c) that the individual was not informed of the individual's obligation under Articles 45.057(h) and (i) or did not receive notice as required by Subsection (b).
"WARNING:  COURT RECORDS REVEAL THAT BEFORE YOUR 17TH BIRTHDAY YOU WERE ACCUSED OF A CRIMINAL OFFENSE AND HAVE FAILED TO MAKE AN APPEARANCE OR ENTER A PLEA IN THIS MATTER.  AS AN ADULT, YOU ARE NOTIFIED THAT YOU HAVE A CONTINUING OBLIGATION TO APPEAR IN THIS CASE.  FAILURE TO APPEAR AS REQUIRED BY THIS NOTICE MAY BE AN ADDITIONAL CRIMINAL OFFENSE AND RESULT IN A WARRANT BEING ISSUED FOR YOUR ARREST."
Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 283, Sec. 35, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Art. 45.061.  PROCEEDINGS CONCERNING ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION OF CERTAIN VISUAL MATERIAL DEPICTING MINOR.  (a)  In this article, "parent" means a natural or adoptive parent, managing or possessory conservator, or legal guardian.  The term does not include a parent whose parental rights have been terminated.
(b)  If a justice or municipal court finds that a defendant has committed an offense under Section 43.261, Penal Code, the court may enter an order requiring the defendant to attend and successfully complete an educational program described by Section 37.218, Education Code, or another equivalent educational program.
(c)  A court that enters an order under Subsection (b) shall require the defendant or the defendant's parent to pay the cost of attending an educational program under Subsection (b) if the court determines that the defendant or the defendant's parent is financially able to make payment.
Added by Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1322 (S.B. 407), Sec. 15, eff. September 1, 2011.
Art. 45.101. JUSTICE COURT PROSECUTIONS.  (a)  All prosecutions in a justice court shall be conducted by the county or district attorney or a deputy county or district attorney.
(b) Except as otherwise provided by law, appeals from justice court may be prosecuted by the district attorney or a deputy district attorney with the consent of the county attorney.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 55, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.102. OFFENSES COMMITTED IN ANOTHER COUNTY.  Whenever complaint is made before any justice of the peace that a felony has been committed in any other than a county in which the complaint is made, the justice shall issue a warrant for the arrest of the accused, directed as in other cases, commanding that the accused be arrested and taken before any magistrate of the county where such felony is alleged to have been committed, forthwith, for examination as in other cases.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.21 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 56, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.103. WARRANT WITHOUT COMPLAINT.  If a criminal offense that a justice of the peace has jurisdiction to try is committed within the view of the justice, the justice may issue a warrant for the arrest of the offender.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.15 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 57, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.201. MUNICIPAL PROSECUTIONS.  (a)  All prosecutions in a municipal court shall be conducted by the city attorney of the municipality or by a deputy city attorney.
(b) The county attorney of the county in which the municipality is situated may, if the county attorney so desires, also represent the state in such prosecutions.  In such cases, the county attorney is not entitled to receive any fees or other compensation for those services.
(c) With the consent of the county attorney, appeals from municipal court to a county court, county court at law, or any appellate court may be prosecuted by the city attorney or a deputy city attorney.
(d) It is the primary duty of a municipal prosecutor not to convict, but to see that justice is done.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 923, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 31, 1987.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.03 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 59, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Art. 45.202. SERVICE OF PROCESS.  (a)  All process issuing out of a municipal court may be served and shall be served when directed by the court, by a peace officer or marshal of the municipality within which it is situated, under the same rules as are provided by law for the service by sheriffs and constables of process issuing out of the justice court, so far as applicable.
(b) The peace officer or marshal may serve all process issuing out of a municipal court anywhere in the county in which the municipality is situated.  If the municipality is situated in more than one county, the peace officer or marshal may serve the process throughout those counties.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 1171, ch. 523, Sec. 1, eff. Aug. 28, 1967.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.04 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 60, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
(2) imprisonment of the defendant.
(b) The governing body of a municipality may adopt such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with any law of this state, concerning the practice and procedure in the municipal court as the governing body may consider proper.
(c) The governing body of each municipality may prescribe by ordinance the collection, after due notice, of a special expense, not to exceed $25 for the issuance and service of a warrant of arrest for an offense under Section 38.10, Penal Code, or Section 543.009, Transportation Code.  Money collected from the special expense shall be paid into the municipal treasury for the use and benefit of the municipality.
(d) Costs may not be imposed or collected in criminal cases in municipal court by municipal ordinance.
Acts 1965, 59th Leg., vol. 2, p. 317, ch. 722.  Amended by Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 2140, ch. 389, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1983;  Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 124, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1987;  Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 76, Sec. 14.26, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Renumbered from Vernon's Ann.C.C.P. art. 45.06 and amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1545, Sec. 61, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.

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