Source: http://www.druglibrary.net/schaffer/legal/singconv.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-21 14:53:10+00:00

Document:
a. " Board " means the International Narcotics Control Board.
b. " Cannabis " means the flowering or fruiting tops of the cannabis plant (excluding the seeds and leaves when not accompanied by the tops) from which the resin has not been extracted, by whatever name they may be designated.
c. "Cannabis plant" means any plant of the genus cannabis.
d. "Cannabis resin" means the separated resin, whether crude or purified, obtained from the cannabis plant.
e. " Coca bush " means the plant of any species of the genus erythroxylon.
g. "Commission" means the Commission on Narcotic Drugs of the Council.
h. " Council" means the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.
i. " Cultivation" means the cultivation of the opium poppy, coca bush or cannabis plant.
j. " Drug" means any of the substances in Schedules I and II, whether natural or synthetic.
k. "General Assembly" means the General Assembly of the United Nations.
1. " Illicit traffic " means cultivation or trafficking in drugs contrary to the provisions of this Convention .
m. "import" and "export" mean in their respective connotations the physical transfer of drugs from one State to another State, or from one territory to another territory of the same State.
n. "Manufacture" means all processes, other than production, by which drugs may be obtained and includes refining as well as the transformation of drugs into other drugs.
o. "Medicinal opium" means opium which has undergone the processes necessary to adapt it for medicinal use.
p. " Opium " means the coagulated juice of the Opium poppy.
q. "Opium poppy" means the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L.
r. "Poppy straw" means all parts (except the seeds) of the opium poppy, after mowing.
s. "Preparation'' means a mixture, solid or liquid, containing a drug.
t. "Production" means the separation of opium, coca leaves, cannabis and cannabis resin from the plants from which they are obtained.
u. "Schedule I", "Schedule II", ..Schedule III" and "Schedule IV'' mean the correspondingly numbered list of drugs or preparations annexed to this Convention, as amended from time to time in accordance with article 3.
v. "Secretary-General" means the Secretary General of the United Nations.
w. "Special stocks" means the amounts of drugs held in a country or territory by the government of such country or territory for special Government purposes and to meet exceptional circumstances; and the expression "special purposes" shall be construed accordingly.
y. " Territory" means any part of a State which is treated as a separate entity for the application of the system of import certificates and export authorizations provided for in article 31. This definition shall not apply to the term "territory" as used in articles 42 and 46.
- 2. For the purposes of this Convention a drug shall be regarded as "consumed" when it has been supplied to any person or enterprise for retail distribution, medical use or scientific research; and "consumption" shall be construed accordingly.
Art. 2. - 1. Except as to measures of control which are limited to specified drugs, the drugs in Schedule I are subject to all measures of control applicable to drugs under this Convention and in particular to those prescribed in articles 4 c, 19, 20, 21, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 and 37.
- 2. The drugs in Schedule II are subject to the same measures of control as drugs in Schedule I with the exception of the measures prescribed in article 30, paragraphs 2 and 5, in respect of the retail trade.
- 3. Preparations other than those in Schedule III are subject to the same measures of control as the drugs which they contain, but estimates (article 19) and statistics (article 20) distinct from those dealing with these drugs shall not be required in the case of such preparations, and article 29, paragraph 2 c and article 30, paragraph I b, (ii) need not apply.
- 4. Preparations in Schedule III are subject to the same measures of control as preparations containing drugs in Schedule II except that article 31, paragraphs l b and 3 to 15 and, as regards their acquisition and retail distribution, article 34, paragraph b, need not apply, and that for the purpose of estimates (article 19) and statistics (article 2()) the information required shall be restricted to the quantities of drugs used in the manufacture of such preparations.
b. A Party shall, if in its opinion the prevailing conditions in its country render it the most appropriate means of protecting the public health and welfare, prohibit the production, manufacture, export and import of, trade in, possession or use of any such drug except for amounts which may be necessary for medical and scientific research only, including clinical trials therewith to be conducted under or subject to the direct supervision and control of the Party.
- 6. In addition to the measures of control applicable to all drugs in Schedule I, opium is subject to the provisions of article 19, paragraph I, subparagraph i, and of articles 21, 23 and 24, the coca leaf to those of articles 26 and 27 and cannabis to those of article 28.
- 7. The opium poppy, the coca bush, the cannabis plant, poppy straw and cannabis leaves are subject to the control measures prescribed in article 19, paragraph 1, subparagraph e, article 20, paragraph 1, subparagraph g, article 21 and in articles 22 to 24; 22, 26 and 27; 22 and 28; 25; and 28, respectively.
- 8. The Parties shall use their best endeavors to apply to substances which do not fall under this Convention, but which may be used in the illicit manufacture of drugs, such measures of supervision as may be practicable.
b. They include in the statistical information (article 20) furnished by them the amount of each drug so used.
Art. 3. - 1. Where a Party or the World Health Organization has information which in its opinion may require an amendment to any of the Schedules, it shall notify the Secretary-General and furnish him with the information in support of the notification.
- 2. The Secretary-General shall transmit such notification, and any information which he considers relevant, to the Parties, to the Commission, and, where the notification is made by a Party, to the World Health Organization.
- 4. If the World Health Organization finds that a preparation because of the substances which it contains is not liable to abuse and cannot produce ill effects (paragraph 3) and that the drug therein is not readily recoverable, the Commission may, in accordance with the recommendation of the World Health Organization, add that preparation to Schedule III.
- 5. If the World Health Organization finds that a drug in Schedule l is particularly liable to abuse and to produce ill effects (paragraph 3) and that such liability is not offset by substantial therapeutic advantages not possessed by substances other than drugs in Schedule IV. the Commission may, in accordance with the recommendation of the World Health Organization, place that drug in Schedule IV.
b. Deleting a drug or a preparation as the case may be, from a Schedule.
- 7. Any decision of the Commission taken pursuant to this article shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all States Members of the United Nations. to non-member States Parties to this Convention, to the World Health Organization and to the Board. Such decision shall become effective with respect to each Party on the date of its receipt of such communication, and the Parties shall thereupon take such action as may be required under this Convention.
c. The Council may confirm, alter or reverse the decision of the Commission, and the decision of the Council shall be final. Notification of the Council's decision shall be transmitted to all States Members of the United Nations, to nonmember States Parties to this Convention, to the Commission, to the World Health Organization, and to the Board.
d. During pendency of the review the original decision of the Commission shall remain in effect.
- 9. Decisions of the Commission taken in accordance with this article shall not be subject to the review procedure provided for in article 7.
c. Subject to the provisions of this Convention, to limit exclusively to medical and scientific purposes the production, manufacture, export, import, distribution of, trade in, use and possession of drugs.
Art. 5. The Parties, recognizing the competence of the United Nations with respect to the international control of drugs, agree to entrust to the Commission on Narcotic Drugs of the Economic and Social Council, and to the International Narcotics Control Board, the functions respectively assigned to them under this Convention.
the United Nations shall contribute to these expenses such amounts as the General Assembly finds equitable and assess from time to time after consultation with the Governments of these Parties.
Art. 7. Except for decisions under article 3, each decision or recommendation adopted by the Commission pursuant to the provisions of this Convention shall be subject to approval or modification by the Council or the General Assembly in the same way as other decisions or recommendations of the Commission.
d. To draw the attention of non-parties to decisions and recommendations which it adopts under this Convention, with a view to their considering taking action in accordance therewith.
by Parties which are not Members of the United Nations .
- 2. Members of the Board shall be persons who, by their competence, impartiality and disinterestedness, will command general confidence. During their term of office they shall not hold any position or engage in any activity which would be liable to impair their impartiality in the exercise of their functions. The Council shall, in consultation with the Board, make all arrangements necessary to ensure the full technical independence of the Board in carrying out its functions.
- 3. The Council, with due regard to the principle of equitable geographic representation, shall give consideration to the importance of including on the Board, in equitable proportion, persons possessing a knowledge of the drug situation in the producing, manufacturing, and consuming countries, and connected with such countries.
- 4. The Board, in co-operation with Governments, and subject to the terms of this Convention, shall endeavor to limit the cultivation, production, manufacture and use of drugs to an adequate amount required for medical and scientific purposes, to ensure their availability for such purposes and to prevent illicit cultivation, production and manufacture of. and illicit trafficking in and use of, drugs.
- 5. All measures taken by the Board under this Convention shall be those most consistent with the intent to further the co-operation of Governments with the Board and to provide the mechanism for a continuing dialogue between Governments and the Board which will lend assistance to and facilitate effective national action to attain the aims of this Convention.
Art. 10. - l . The members of the Board shall serve for a period of five years, and may be reelected.
- 2. The term of office of each member of the Board shall end on the end of the first meeting of the Board which his successor shall be entitled to attend.
- 3. A member of the Board who has failed to attend three consecutive sessions shall he deemed to have resigned.
- 4. The Council, on the recommendation of the Board, may dismiss a member of the Board who has ceased to fulfill the conditions required for membership by paragraph 2 of article 9. Such recommendation shall be made by an affirmative vote of nine members of the Board.
- 5. Where a vacancy occurs on the Board during the term of office of a member. the Council shall fill such vacancy as soon as possible and in accordance with the applicable provisions of article 9, by electing another member for the remainder of the term.
- 6. The members of the Board shall receive an adequate remuneration as determined by the General Assembly.
- 2. The Board shall meet as often as, in its opinion, may be necessary for the proper discharge of its functions, but shall hold at least two sessions in each calendar year.
- 3. The quorum necessary at meetings of the Board shall consist of eight members.
Art. 12. - 1. The Board shall fix the date or dates by which, and the manner in which, the estimates as provided in article 19 shall be furnished and shall prescribe the form therefor.
- 2. The Board shall, in respect of countries and territories to which this Convention does not apply, request the Governments concerned to furnish estimates in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
- 3. If any State fails to furnish estimates in respect of any of its territories by the date specified, the Board shall, as far as possible, establish the estimates. The Board in establishing such estimates shall to the extent practicable do so in co-operation with the Government concerned.
- 4. The Board shall examine the estimates, including supplementary estimates, and, except as regards requirements for special purposes, may require such information as it considers necessary in respect of any country or territory on behalf of which an estimate has been furnished, in order to complete the estimate or to explain any statement contained therein.
- 5. The Board, with a view to limiting the use and distribution of drugs to an adequate amount required for medical and scientific purposes and to ensuring their availability for such purposes, shall as expeditiously as possible confirm the estimates, including supplementary estimates, or, with the consent of the Government concerned, may amend such estimates. In case of a disagreement between the Government and the Board, the latter shall have the right to establish, communicate and publish its own estimates, including supplementary estimates.
- 6. In addition to the reports mentioned in article 15, the Board shall, at such times as it shall determine but at least annually, issue such information on the estimates as in its opinion will facilitate the carrying out of this Convention.
Art. 13.- 1. The Board shall determine the manner and form in which statistical returns shall be furnished as provided in article 20 and shall prescribe the forms therefor.
- 2. The Board shall examine the returns with a view to determining whether a Party or any other State has complied with the provisions of this Convention.
- 3. The Board may require such further information as it considers necessary to complete or explain the information contained in such statistical returns.
- 4. It shall not be within the competence of the Board to question or express an opinion on statistical information respecting drugs required for special purposes.
Art. 14. - la. If, on the basis of its examination of information submitted by Governments to the Board under the provisions of this Convention or of information communicated by United Nations organs or by specialized agencies or, provided that they are approved by the Commission on the Board's recommendation, by either other intergovernmental organizations or international non-governmental organizations which have direct competence in the subject matter and which are in consultative status with the Economic and Social Council under Article 71 of the Charter of the United Nations or which enjoy a similar status by special agreement with the Council, the Board has objective reasons to believe that the aims of this Convention are being seriously endangered by reason of the failure of any Party, country or territory to carry out the provisions of this Convention, the Board shall have the right to propose to the Government concerned the opening of consultations or to request it to furnish explanations. If, without any failure in implementing the provisions of the Convention, a Party or a country or territory has become, or if there exists evidence of a serious risk that it may become, an important centre of illicit cultivation, production or manufacture of, or traffic in or consumption of drugs, the Board has the right to propose to the Government concerned the opening of consultations. Subject to the right of the Board to call the attention of the Parties, the Council and the Commission to the matter referred to in subparagraph d below, the Board shall treat as confidential a request for information and an explanation by a Government or a proposal for consultations and the consultations held with a Government under this subparagraph.
b. After taking action under subparagraph a above, the Board, if satisfied that it is necessary to do so, may call upon the Government concerned to adopt such remedial measures as shall seem under the circumstances to be necessary for the execution of the provisions of this Convention.
c. The Board may, if it thinks such action necessary for the purpose of assessing a matter referred to in subparagraph a of this paragraph, propose to the Government concerned that a study of the matter be carried out in its territory by such means as the Government deems appropriate. If the Government concerned decides to undertake this study, it may request the Board to make available the expertise and the services of one or more persons with the requisite competence to assist the officials of the Government in the proposed study. The person or persons whom the Board intends to make available shall be subject to the approval of the Government. The modalities of this study and the time-limit within which the study has to he completed shall be determined by consultation between the Government and the Board. The Government shall communicate to the Board the results of the study and shall indicate the remedial measures that it considers necessary to take.
d. If the Board finds that the Government concerned has failed to give satisfactory explanations when called upon to do so under subparagraph a above, or has failed to adopt any remedial measures which it has been called upon to take under subparagraph b above, or that there is a serious situation that needs co-operative action at the international level with a view to remedying it, it may call the attention of the Parties, the Council and the Commission to the matter. The Board shall so act if the aims of this Convention are being seriously endangered and it has not been possible to resolve the matter satisfactorily in any other way. It shall also so act if it finds that there is a serious situation that needs cooperative action at the international level with a view to remedying it and that bringing such a situation to the notice of the Parties, the Council and the Commission is the most appropriate method of facilitating such co-operative action; after considering the reports of the Board, and of the Commission if available on the matter, the Council may draw the attention of the General Assembly to the matter.
from or to the country or territory concerned, either for a designated period or until the Board shall be satisfied as to the situation in that country or territory. The State concerned may bring the matter before the Council.
- 3. The Board shall have the right to publish a report on any matter dealt with under the provisions of this article, and communicate it to the Council, which shall forward it to all Parties. If the Board publishes in this report a decision taken under this article or any information relating thereto. it shall also publish therein the views of the Government concerned if the latter so requests.
- 4. If in any case a decision of the Board which is published under this article is not unanimous, the views of the minority shall be stated.
- 5. Any State shall be invited to be represented at a meeting of the Board at which a question directly interesting it is considered under this article.
- 6. Decisions of the Board under this article shall be taken by a two-thirds majority of the whole number of the Board.
Art. 14. In cases which it considers appropriate and either in addition or as an alternative to measures set forth in article 14, paragraphs I and 2, the Board, with the agreement of the Government concerned, may recommend to the competent United Nations organs and to the specialized agencies that technical or financial assistance, or both, be provided to the Government in support of its efforts to carry out its obligations under this Convention, including those set out or referred to in articles 2. 35, 38 and 38.
Art. 15. -1. The Board shall prepare an annual report on its work and such additional reports as it considers necessary containing also an analysis of the estimates and statistical information at its disposal, and, in appropriate cases, an account of the explanations, if any, given by or required of Governments, together with any observations and recommendations which the Board desires to make. These reports shall be submitted to the Council through the Commission, which may make such comments as it sees fit.
- 2. The reports shall be communicated to the Parties and subsequently published by the Secretary-General. The Parties shall permit their unrestricted distribution.
Art. 16. The secretariat services of the Commission and the Board shall he furnished by the Secretary-General. In particular. the Secretary of the Board shall he appointed by the Secretary-General in consultation with the Board.
Art. 17. The Parties shall maintain a special administration for the purpose of applying the provisions of this Convention.
d. The names and addresses of the governmental authorities empowered to issue export: and import authorizations or certificates.
- 2. Parties shall furnish the information referred to in the preceding paragraph in such manner and by such dates and use such forms as the Commission may request.
h. The quantities of synthetic drugs to be manufactured by each of the establishments referred to in the preceding subparagraph.
- 2.a. Subject to the deductions referred to in paragraph 3 of article 21, the total of the estimates for each territory and each drug except opium and synthetic drugs shall consist of the sum of the amounts specified under subparagraphs, a, h and d of paragraph I of this article, with the addition of any amount required to bring the actual stocks on hand at 31 December of the preceding year to the level estimated as provided in subparagraph of paragraph 1.
b. Subject to the deductions referred to in paragraph 3 of article 21 regarding imports and in paragraph 2 of article 21 the total of the estimates for opium for each territory shall consist either of the sum of the amounts specified under subparagraphs a, b and d of paragraph I of this article, with the addition on any amount required to bring the actual stocks on hand at 31 December of the preceding year to the level estimated as provided in subparagraph c of paragraph 1, or of the amount specified under subparagraph of paragraph I of this article, whichever is higher.
c. Subject to the deductions referred to in paragraph 3 of article 21, the total of the estimates for each territory for each synthetic drug shall consist either of the sum of the amounts specified under subparagraphs a, b and d of paragraph 1 of this article, with the addition of any amount required to bring the actual stocks on hand at 31 December of the preceding year to the level estimated as provided in subparagraph c of paragraph 1, or of the sum of the amounts specified under subparagraph h of paragraph I of this article, whichever is higher.
d. The estimates furnished under the preceding subparagraphs of this paragraph shall be appropriately modified to take into account any quantity seized and thereafter released for licit use as well as any quantity taken from special stocks for the requirements of the civilian population .
- 3. Any State may during the year furnish supplementary estimates with an explanation of the circumstances necessitating such estimates.
- 4. The Parties shall inform the Board of the method used for determining quantities shown in the estimates and of any changes in the said method.
- 5. Subject to the deductions referred to in paragraph 3 of article 21, and account being taken where appropriate of the provisions of article 21, the estimates shall not be exceeded.
g. Ascertainable area of cultivation of the opium poppy.
- 2.a. The statistical returns in respect of the matters referred to in paragraph I, except subparagraph d, shall be prepared annually and shall be furnished to the Board not later than 30 June following the year to which they relate.
b. The statistical returns in respect to the matters referred to in subparagraph d of paragraph I shall be prepared quarterly and shall be furnished to the Board within one month after the end of the quarter to which they relate.
- 3. The Parties are not required to furnish statistical returns respecting special stocks, but shall furnish separately returns respecting drugs imported into or procured within the country or territory for special purposes, as well as quantities of drugs withdrawn from special stocks to meet the requirements of the civilian population.
e. The quantity acquired within the limit of the relevant estimate for special purposes.
- 2. From the sum of the quantities specified in paragraph I there shall be deducted any quantity that has been seized and released for licit use, as well as any quantity taken from special stocks for the requirements of the civilian population.
- 3. If the Board finds that the quantity manufactured and imported in any one year exceeds the sum of the quantities specified in paragraph I, less any deductions required under paragraph 2 of this article, any excess so established and remaining at the end of the year shall, in the following year. be deducted from the quantity to be manufactured or imported and from the total of the estimates as defined in paragraph 2 of article 19.
Art. 21.- 1. The production of opium by any country or territory shall be organized and controlled in such manner as to ensure that, as far as possible, the quantity produced in any one year shall not exceed the estimate of opium to be produced as established under paragraph lf of article 19.
- 2. If the Board finds on the basis of information at its disposal in accordance with the provisions of this Convention that a Party which has submitted an estimate under paragraph If of article 19 has not limited opium produced within its borders to licit purposes in accordance with relevant estimates and that a significant amount of opium produced, whether licitly or illicitly, within the borders of such a Party, has been introduced into the illicit traffic, it may, after studying the explanations of the Party concerned, which shall be submitted to it within one month after notification of the finding in question, decide to deduct all, or a portion, of such an amount from the quantity to be produced and from the total of the estimates as defined in paragraph 2b of article 19 for the next year in which such a deduction can be technically accomplished, taking into account the season of the year and contractual commitments to export opium. This decision shall take effect ninety days after the Party concerned is notified thereof.
- 3. After notifying the Party concerned of the decision it has taken under paragraph 2 above with regard to a deduction, the Board shall consult with that Party in order to resolve the situation satisfactorily.
- 4. If the situation is not satisfactorily resolved, the Board may utilize the provisions of article 14 where appropriate.
- 5: In taking its decision with regard to a deduction under paragraph 2 above, the Board shall take into account not only all relevant circumstances including those giving rise to the illicit traffic problem referred to in paragraph 2 above, but also any relevant new control measures which may have been adopted by the Party.
Art. 22. - 1. Whenever the prevailing conditions in the country or a territory of a Party render the prohibition of the cultivation of the opium poppy, the coca bush or the cannabis plant the most suitable measure, in its opinion, for protecting the public health and welfare and preventing the diversion of drugs into the illicit traffic, the Party concerned shall prohibit cultivation.
- 2. A Party prohibiting cultivation of the opium poppy or the cannabis plant shall take appropriate measures to seize any plants illicitly cultivated and to destroy them, except for small quantities required by the Party for scientific or research purposes.
Art. 23. - 1. A Party that permits the cultivation of the opium poppy for the production of opium shall establish, if it has not already done so, and maintain, one or more government agencies (hereafter in this article referred to as the Agency) to carry out the functions required under this article.
a. The Agency shall designate the areas in which, and the plots of land on which, cultivation of the opium poppy for the purpose of producing opium shall be permitted.
b. Only cultivators licensed by the Agency shall be authorized to engage in such cultivation.
c. Each license shall specify the extent of the land on which the cultivation is permitted.
d. All cultivators of the opium poppy shall be required to deliver their total crops of opium to the Agency. The Agency shall purchase and take physical possession of such crops as soon as possible, but not later than four months after the end of the harvest.
e. The Agency shall, in respect of opium, have the exclusive right of importing, exporting, wholesale trading and maintaining stocks other than those held by manufacturers of opium alkaloids, medicinal opium or opium preparations. Parties need not extend this exclusive right to medicinal opium and opium preparations.
- 3. The governmental functions referred to in paragraph 2 shall be discharged by a single government agency if the constitution of the Party concerned permits it.
Art. 24. - 1. a. If any Party intends to initiate the production of opium or to increase existing production, it shall take account of the prevailing world need for opium in accordance with the estimates thereof published by the Board so that the production of opium by such Party does not result in over-production of opium in the world.
b. A Party shall not permit the production of opium or increase the existing production thereof if in its opinion such production or increased production in its territory may result in illicit traffic in opium.
and the Board may either approve such notification or may recommend to the Party that it not engage in the production of opium for export.
and the Council shall either approve the notification or may recommend to the Party that it not engage in the production of opium for export.
- 3. Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraphs a and b of paragraph 2, a Party that during ten years immediately prior to 1 January 1961 exported opium which such country produced may continue to export opium which it produces .
(iii) A Party that has received the approval of the Council as provided in sub-paragraph b of paragraph 2.
b. Notwithstanding sub-paragraph a of this paragraph, a Party may import opium produced by any country which produced and exported opium during the ten years prior to I January 1961 if such country has established and maintains a national control organ of agency for the purposes set out in article 23 and has in force an effective means of ensuring that the opium it produces is not diverted into the illicit traffic.
b. From exporting opium seized in the illicit traffic, to another Party in accordance with the requirements of this Convention.
b. That the manufacture of drugs from poppy straw is adequately controlled.
- 2. The Parties shall apply to poppy straw the system of import certificates and export authorizations as provided in article 31, paragraphs 4 to 15.
- 3. The Parties shall furnish statistical information on the import and export of poppy straw as required for drugs under article 20, paragraphs I d and 2b.
Art. 26. - 1. If a Party permits the cultivation of the coca bush, it shall apply thereto and to coca leaves the system of controls as provided in article 23 respecting the control of the opium poppy, but as regards paragraph 2d of that article, the requirements imposed on the Agency therein referred to shall be only to take physical possession of the crops as soon as possible after the end of the harvest.
- 2. The Parties shall so far as possible enforce the uprooting of all coca bushes which grow wild. They shall destroy the coca bushes if illegally cultivated.
Art. 27. -1. The Parties may permit the use of coca leaves for the preparation of a flavoring agent, which shall not contain any alkaloids, and, to the extent necessary for such use, may permit the production, import, export, trade in and possession of such leaves.
- 2. The Parties shall furnish separately estimates (article 19) and statistical information (article 20) in respect of coca leaves for preparation of the flavoring agent, except to the extent that the same coca leaves are used for the extraction of alkaloids and the flavoring agent, and so explained in the estimates and statistical information.
Art. 28. - 1. If a Party permits the cultivation of the cannabis plant for the production of cannabis or cannabis resin, it shall apply thereto the system of controls as provided in article 23 respecting the control of the opium poppy.
- 2. This Convention shall not apply to the cultivation of the cannabis plant exclusively for industrial purposes (fiber and seed) or horticultural purposes.
- 3. The Parties shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to prevent the misuse of, and illicit traffic in, the leaves of the cannabis plant.
Art. 29. - 1. The Parties shall require that the manufacture of drugs be under license except where such manufacture is carried out by a State enterprise or State enterprises.
c. Require that licensed manufacturers of drugs obtain periodical permits specifying the kinds and amounts of drugs which they shall be entitled to manufacture. A periodical permit, however, need not be required for preparations.
- 3. The Parties shall prevent the accumulation, in the possession of drug manufacturers, of quantities of drugs and poppy straw in excess of those required for the normal conduct of business, having regard to the prevailing market conditions.
Art. 30. - 1. a. The Parties shall require that the trade in and distribution of drugs be under license except where such trade or distribution is carried out by a State enterprise or State enterprises.
(ii) Control under license the establishments and premises in which such trade or distribution may take place. The requirement of licensing need not apply to preparations.
c. The provisions of sub-paragraphs a and b relating to licensing need not apply to persons duly authorized to perform and while performing therapeutic or scientific functions.
- 3. It is desirable that Parties require that written or printed offers of drugs, advertisements of every kind or descriptive literature relating to drugs and used for commercial purposes, interior wrappings of packages containing drugs, and labels under which drugs are offered for sale indicate the international non-proprietary name communicated by the World Health Organization .
- 4. If a Party considers such measure necessary or desirable, it shall require that the inner package containing a drug or wrapping thereof shall bear a clearly visible double red band. The exterior wrapping of the package in which such drug is contained shall not bear a double red band.
- 5. A Party shall require that the label under which a drug is offered for sale show the exact drug content by weight or percentage. This requirement of label information need not apply to a drug dispensed to an individual on medical prescription .
- 6. The provisions of paragraphs 2 and 5 need not apply to the retail trade in or retail distribution of drugs in Schedule II.
b. Within the limits of the total of the estimates for that country or territory, as defined in paragraph 2 of article 19, with the addition of the amounts intended to be re-exported.
- 2. The Parties shall exercise in free ports and zones the same supervision and control as in other parts of their territories, provided, however, that they may apply more drastic measures.
b. Control all persons and enterprises carrying on or engaged in such import or export.
- 4. a. Every Party permitting the import or export of drugs shall require a separate import or export authorization to be obtained for each such import or export whether it consists of one or more drugs.
b. Such authorization shall state the name of the drug, the international non-proprietary name if any, the quantity to be imported or exported, and the name and address of the importer and exporter, and shall specify the period within which the importation or exportation must be effected .
c. The export authorization shall also state the number and date of the import certificate (paragraph 5) and the authority by whom it has been issued.
d. The import authorization may allow an importation in more than one consignment.
- 5. Before issuing an export authorization the Parties shall require an import certificate, issued by the competent authorities of the importing country or territory and certifying that the importation of the drug or drugs referred to therein, is approved and such certificate shall be produced by the person or establishment applying for the export authorization. The Parties shall follow as closely as may be practicable the form of import certificate approved by the Commission.
- 6. A copy of the export authorization shall accompany each consignment, and the Government issuing the export authorization shall send a copy to the Government of the importing country or territory.
b. The endorsement shall specify the amount actually imported.
c. If a lesser quantity than that specified in the export authorization is actually exported, the quantity actually exported shall be stated by the competent authorities on the export authorization and on any official copy thereof.
- 8. Exports of consignments to a post office box, or to a bank to the account of a party other than the party named in the export authorization shall be prohibited.
- 9. Exports of consignments to a bond warehouse are prohibited unless the government of the importing country certifies on the Import certificate, produced by the person or establishment applying for the export authorization, that it has approved the importation for the purpose of being placed in a bonded warehouse. In such case the export authorization shall specify that the consignment is exported for such purpose Each withdrawal from the bonded warehouse shall require a permit from the authorities having jurisdiction over the warehouse and, in the case of a foreign destination shall be treated as if it were a new export within the meaning of this Convention .
- 10. Consignments of drugs entering or leaving the territory of a Party not accompanied by an export authorization shall be detained by the competent authorities.
- 11. A Party shall not permit any drugs consigned to another country to pass through its territory, whether or not the consignment is re moved from the conveyance in which it is carried, unless a copy of the export authorization for such consignment is produced to the competent authorities of such Party.
- 12. The competent authorities of any country or territory through which a consignment of drugs is permitted to pass shall take all due measures to prevent the diversion of the consignment to a destination other than that named in the accompanying copy of the export authorization unless the Government of that country or territory through which the consignment is passing authorizes the diversion. The Government of the country or territory of transit shall treat any requested diversion as if the diversion were an export from the country or territory of transit to the country or territory of new destination. If the diversion is authorized the provisions of para c. If a lesser quantity than that specified in the export authorization is actually exported, the quantity actually exported shall be stated by the competent authorities on the export authorization and on any official copy thereof.
- 13. No consignment of drugs while in transit, or whilst being stored in a bonded warehouse, may be subjected to any process which would change the nature of the drugs in question. The packing may not he altered without the permission of the competent authorities.
- 14. The provisions of paragraphs 11 to 13 relating to the passage of drugs through the territory of a Party do not apply where the consignment in question is transported by aircraft which does not land in the country or territory of transit. If the aircraft lands in any such country or territory, those provisions shall be applied to far as circumstances require.
- 15. The provisions of this article are without prejudice to the provisions of any international agreements which limit the control which may be exercised by any of the Parties over drugs in transit .
- 16. Nothing in this article other than paragraphs I a and 2 need apply in the case of preparations in Schedule III.
Art. 32. -1. The international carriage by ships or aircraft of such limited amounts of drugs as may be needed during their journey or voyage for first-aid purposes or emergency cases shall not be considered to be import, export or passage through a country within the meaning of this Convention .
- 2. Appropriate safeguards shall be taken by the country of registry to prevent the improper use of the drugs referred to in paragraph I or their diversion for illicit purposes. The Commission, in consultation with the appropriate international organizations, shall recommend such safeguards.
- 3. Drugs carried by ships or aircraft in accordance with paragraph I shall be subject to the laws, regulations, permits and licenses of the country of registry, without prejudice to any rights of the competent local authorities to carry out checks, inspections and other control measures on board ships or aircraft. The administration of such drugs in the case of emergency shall not be considered a violation of the requirements of article 30, paragraph 2 b.
Art. 33. The Parties shall not permit the possession of drugs except under legal authority.
b. That governmental authorities, manufacturers, traders, scientists, scientific institutions and hospitals keep such records as will show the quantities of each drug manufactured and of each individual acquisition and disposal of drugs. Such records shall respectively be preserved for a period of not less than two years. Where counterfoil books (article 30, paragraph 2 b) of official prescriptions are used, such books including the counterfoils shall also be kept for a period of no less than two years.
g. Furnish the information referred to in the preceding paragraph as far as possible in such manner and by such dates as the Board may request; if requested by a Party, the Board may offer its advice to it in furnishing the information and in endeavoring to reduce the illicit drug activity within the borders of that Party.
Art. 36. - la. Subject to its constitutional limitations, each Party shall adopt such measures as will ensure that cultivation, production, manufacture, extraction, preparation, possession, offering, offering for sale, distribution, purchase, sale, delivery on any terms whatsoever, brokerage, dispatch, dispatch in transit, transport, importation and exportation of drugs contrary to the provisions of this Convention, and any other action which in the opinion of such Party may be contrary to the provisions of this Convention, shall be punishable offenses when committed intentionally, and that serious offenses shall be liable to adequate punishment particularly by imprisonment or other penalties of deprivation of liberty.
b. Notwithstanding the preceding subparagraph, when abusers of drugs have committed such offenses, the Parties may provide, either as an alternative to conviction of punishment or in addition to conviction or punishment, that such abusers shall undergo measures of treatment, education, after-care, rehabilitation and social reintegration in conformity with paragraph I of article 38.
iv. Serious offenses heretofore referred to committed either by nationals or by foreigners shall be prosecuted by the Party in whose territory the offense was committed, or by the Party in whose territory the offender is found if extradition is not acceptable in conformity with the law of the party to which application is made, and if such offender has not already been prosecuted and judgment given.
iv. Extradition shall be granted in conformity with the law of the Party to which application is made, and, notwithstanding subparagraphs b (i), (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph, the Party shall have the right to release to grant the extradition in cases where the competent authorities consider that the offence is not sufficiently serious.
- 3. The provisions of this article shall be subject to the provisions of the criminal law of the Party concerned on questions of jurisdiction.
- 4. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the offences to which it refers shall be defined, prosecuted and punished in conformity with the domestic law of a Party.
Art. 37. Any drugs, substances and equipment used in or intended for the commission of any of the offences, referred to in article 36, shall be liable to seizure and confiscation.
Art. 38. -1. The Parties shall give special attention to and take all practicable measures for the prevention of abuse of drugs and for the early identification, treatment, education, after-care, rehabilitation and social reintegration of the persons involved and shall co-ordinate their efforts to these ends.
- 2. The parties shall as far as possible promote the training of personnel in the treatment, after-care, rehabilitation and social reintegration of abusers of drugs.
- 3. The Parties shall take all practicable measures to assist persons whose works so requires to gain an understanding of the problems of abuse of drugs and of its prevention, and shall also promote such understanding among the general public if there is a risk that abuse of drugs will become widespread.
Art. 38. If a Party considers it desirable as part of its action against the illicit traffic in drugs, having due regard to its constitutional, legal and administrative systems, and. if it so desires, with the technical advice of the Board or the specialized agencies, it shall promote the establishment, in consultation with other interested Parties in the region, of agreements which contemplate the development of regional centres for scientific research and education to combat the problems resulting from the illicit use of and traffic in drugs.
Art. 39. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Convention, a Party shall not be, or be deemed to be, precluded from adopting measures of control more strict or severe than those provided by this Convention and in particular form requiring that preparations in Schedule III or drugs in Schedule II be subject to all or such of the measures of control applicable to drugs in Schedule I as in its opinion is necessary or desirable for the protection of the public health or welfare.
Art. 40. -1. This Convention, of which the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be open for signature until I August 1961 on behalf of any Member of the United Nations, of any nonmember State which is a Party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice or member of a specialized agency of the United Nations, and also of any other State which the Council may invite to become a Party.
- 3. This Convention shall be open after I August 1961 for accession by the States referred to in paragraph 1. The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General.
Art. 41. - 1. This Convention shall come into force on the thirtieth day following the date on which the fortieth instrument of ratification or accession is deposited in accordance with article 40.
- 2 In respect of any other State depositing an instrument of ratification or accession after the date of deposit of the said fortieth instrument, this Convention shall come into force on the thirtieth day after the deposit by that State of its instrument of ratification or accession.
Art. 42. This Convention shall apply to all non-metropolitan territories for the international relations of which any Party is responsible, except where the previous consent of such a territory is required by the Constitution of the Party or of the territory concerned, or required by custom. In such case the Party shall endeavour to secure the needed consent of the territory within the shortest period possible, and when that consent is obtained the Party shall notify the Secretary-General. This Convention shall apply to the territory or territories named in such notification from the date of its receipt by the Secretary-General. In those cases where the previous consent of the non-metropolitan territory is not required, the Party concerned shall, at the time of signature, ratification or accession, declare the non-metropolitan territory or territories to which this Convention applies.
Art. 43. - 1. Any Party may notify the Secretary-General that, for the purposes of articles 19, 20, 21 and 31, one of its territories is divided into two or more territories, or that two or more of its territories are consolidated into a single territory.
- 2. Two or more Parties may notify the Secretary-General that, as the result of the establishment of a customs union between them, those Parties constitute a single territory for the purposes of articles 19, 20, 21 and 31.
- 3. Any notification under paragraph I or 2 above shall take effect on I January of the year following the year in which the notification was made .
i. Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of Opium, signed at New York on 23 June 1953, should that Protocol have come into force.
- 2. Upon the coming into force of this Convention, article 9 of the Convention for the Suppression of the Illicit Traffic in Dangerous Drugs, signed at Geneva on 26 June 1936, shall, between the Parties thereto which are also Parties to this Convention, be terminated, and shall be replaced by paragraph 2 b of article 36 of this Convention; provided that such a Party may by notification to the Secretary-General continue in force the said article 9.
Art. 45. - 1. The functions of the Board provided for in article 9 shall, as from the date of the coming into force of this Convention (article 41, paragraph 1), be provisionally carries out by the Permanent Central Board constituted under chapter VI of the Convention referred to in article 44 c as amended, and by the Supervisory Body constituted under chapter 11 of the Convention referred to in article 44 d as amended, as such functions may respectively require.
- 2. The Council shall fix the date on which the new Board referred to in article 9 shall enter upon its duties. As from that date that Board shall, with respect to the States Parties to the treaties enumerated in article 44 which are not Parties to this Convention, undertake the functions of the Permanent Central Board and of the Supervisory Body referred to in paragraph 1.
Art. 46. -1. After the expiry of two years from the date of the coming into force of this Convention (article 41, paragraph 1) any Party may, on its own behalf or on behalf of a territory for which it has international responsibility, and which has withdrawn its consent given in accordance with article 42, denounce this Convention by an instrument in writing deposited with the Secretary-General.
- 2. The denunciation, if received by the Secretary-General on or before the first day of July in any year, shall take effect on the first day of January in the succeeding year, and, if received after the first day of July, shall take effect as if it had been received on or before the first day of July in the succeeding year.
- 3. This Convention shall he terminated if, as a result of denunciations made in accordance with paragraph 1, the conditions for its coming into force as laid down in article 41, paragraph I, cease to exist.
b. That the Parties shall be asked whether they accept the proposed amendment and also asked to submit to the Council any comments on the proposal .
- 2. If a proposed amendment circulated under paragraph I b of this article has not been rejected by any Party within eighteen months after it has been circulated, it shall thereupon enter into force. If however a proposed amendment is rejected by any Party, the Council may decide, in the light of comments received from Parties, whether a conference shall be called to consider such amendment.
Art. 48. - 1. If there should arise between two or more Parties a dispute relating to the interpretation or application of this Convention, the said Parties shall consult together with a view to the settlement of the dispute by negotiation, investigation, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, recourse to regional bodies, judicial process or other peaceful means of their own choice.
- 2. Any such dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed shall be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision.
e. The production and manufacture of and trade in the drugs referred to under a to d for the purposes mentioned therein.
a. The activities mentioned in paragraph I may be authorized only to the extent that they were traditional in the territories in respect of which the reservation is made, and were there permitted on 1 January 1961.
b. No export of the drugs referred to in paragraph I for the purposes mentioned therein may be permitted to a non-party or to a territory to which this Convention does not apply under article 42.
c. Only such persons may be permitted to smoke opium as were registered by the competent authorities to this effect on 1 January 1964.
d. The quasi-medical use of opium must be abolished within 15 years from the coming into force of this Convention as provided in paragraph I of article 41.
e. Coca leaf chewing must be abolished within twenty-five years from the coming into force of this Convention as provided in paragraph 1 of article 41.
f. The use of cannabis for other than medical and scientific purposes must be discontinued as soon as possible but in any case within twentyfive years from the coming into force of this Convention as provided in paragraph I of article 41.
g. The production and manufacture of and trade in the drugs referred to in paragraph I for any of the uses mentioned therein must be reduced and finally abolished simultaneously with the reduction and abolition of such uses.
b. Furnish to the Board separate estimates (article 19) and statistical returns (article 20) in respect of the reserved activities in the manner and form prescribed by the Board.
(iii) The statistics referred to in paragraph 3 b within three months after the date on which they are due in accordance with article 20, paragraph the Board or the Secretary-General, as the case may be, shall send to the Party concerned a notification of the delay, and shall request such information within a period of three months after the receipt of that notification.
b. If the Party fails to comply within this period with the request of the Board or the Secretary-General, the reservation in question made under paragraph I shall case to be effective.
- 5. A State which has made reservations may at any time by notification in writing withdraw all or part of its reservations.
Art. 50. - 1. No reservations other than those made in accordance with article 49 or with the following paragraphs shall he permitted.
- 2. Any State may at the time of signature, ratification or accession make reservations in respect of the following provisions of this Convention: article 12, paragraphs 2 and 3; article 13, paragraph 2; article 14, paragraphs I and 2; article 31, paragraph I b, and article 48.
- 3. A State which desires to become a Party but wishes to be authorized to make reservations other than those made in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article or with article 49 may inform the Secretary-General of such intention. Unless by the end of twelve months after the date of the Secretary-General's communication of the reservation concerned, this reservation has been objected to by one third of the States that have ratified or acceded to this Convention before the end of that period, it shall be deemed to be permitted, it being understood however that States which have objected to the reservation need not assume towards the reserving State any legal obligation under this Convention which is affected by the reservation.
- 4. A State which has made reservations may at any time by notification in writing withdraw all or part of its reservations.
d. Declarations and notifications under articles 42, 43, 47 49 and 50.
Text established by the Secretary-General on 8 August 1975, in accordance with article 22 of the Protocol of 25 March 1972.

References: v. 

Art. 2

Art. 3

Art. 5

Art. 7

Art. 10

Art. 12

Art. 13

Art. 14

Art. 14

Art. 15

Art. 16

Art. 17

Art. 21

Art. 22

Art. 23

Art. 24

Art. 26

Art. 27

Art. 28

Art. 29

Art. 30

Art. 32

Art. 33

Art. 36

Art. 37

Art. 38

Art. 38

Art. 39

Art. 40

Art. 41

Art. 42

Art. 43

Art. 45

Art. 46

Art. 48

Art. 50