Source: http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title34/subtitle4/chapter403&edition=prelim
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 00:23:27+00:00

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State grant program for criminal justice identification, information, and communication.
Funding for improvement of criminal records.
Enactment and consent of the United States.
National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact.
(4) capture information for statistical and research purposes to improve the administration of criminal justice.
(18) notwithstanding subsection (c), antiterrorism purposes as they relate to any other uses under this section or for other antiterrorism programs.
(G) a plan for coordinating the programs funded under this subchapter with other federally funded information technology programs, including directly funded local programs such as the Edward Byrne Justice Assistance Grant Program and the M.O.R.E. program established pursuant to part Q of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 [34 U.S.C. 10381 et seq.].
The Federal share of a grant received under this subchapter may not exceed 90 percent of the costs of a program or proposal funded under this subchapter unless the State has achieved compliance with an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title or the Attorney General waives, wholly or in part, the requirements of this subsection.
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022.
(C) the Attorney General shall ensure the amounts are distributed on an equitable geographic basis.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the Attorney General may use amounts made available under this section to make grants to Indian tribes for use in accordance with this section.
Section 103(b) of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(8) and (c)(1), is section 103(b) of Pub. L. 103–159, which was set out as a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification as section 40901(b) of this title.
The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(G), is Pub. L. 90–351, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 197. Part Q of title I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter XVI (§10381 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1968 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.
Section was formerly classified to section 14601 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
2018—Subsec. (a)(3)(C) to (F). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(a)(1), added subpar. (C) and redesignated former subpars. (C) to (E) as (D) to (F), respectively.
Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(a)(2), substituted "40901(b) of this title" for "(18 U.S.C. 922 note)" and inserted before semicolon at end ", including through increased efforts to pre-validate the contents of felony conviction records and domestic violence records to expedite eligibility determinations, and measures and resources necessary to establish and achieve compliance with an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title".
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(a)(3), inserted the State has achieved compliance with an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title or" after "unless".
Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(a)(4), substituted "2018 through 2022" for "2002 through 2007".
2006—Subsec. (c)(2)(G). Pub. L. 109–162 substituted "such as the Edward Byrne Justice Assistance Grant Program and the M.O.R.E. program" for "such as the Local Law Enforcement Block Grant program (described under the heading &apos;Violent Crime Reduction Programs, State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance&apos; of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 (Public Law 105–119)) and the M.O.R.E. program".
2001—Subsec. (b)(18). Pub. L. 107–56, §1015(1), added par. (18).
Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 107–56, §1015(2), substituted "this section $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007" for "this section $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2003".
2000—Subsec. (b)(17). Pub. L. 106–177 added par. (17).
Subsec. (e)(2)(B) to (D). Pub. L. 106–561 inserted "and" after semicolon in subpar. (B), redesignated subpar. (D) as (C), and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: "not less than 20 percent shall be used by the Attorney General for the purposes described in paragraph (11) of subsection (b); and".
Amendment by Pub. L. 109–162 applicable with respect to the first fiscal year beginning after Jan. 5, 2006, and each fiscal year thereafter, see section 1111(d) of Pub. L. 109–162, set out as a note under section 10151 of this title.
(D) to establish and achieve compliance with an implementation plan under section 40917 of this title.
There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under paragraph (1) a total of $200,000,000 for fiscal year 1994 and all fiscal years thereafter.
Section is comprised of subsec. (b) of section 106 of Pub. L. 103–159. Subsec. (a) of section 106 of Pub. L. 103–159 amended former section 3759 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
Section was enacted as part of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act and not as part of the Crime Identification Technology Act of 1998 which comprises this subchapter.
Section was formerly classified as a note under section 922 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
2018—Par. (1). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(b)(1), in introductory provisions, substituted ", as of March 23, 2018," for "as of November 30, 1993," and "files and that will utilize funding under this subsection to prioritize the identification and transmittal of felony conviction records and domestic violence records," for "files,".
Par. (1)(C). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(b)(3)(A), struck out "upon establishment of the national system," before "to assist the State".
Par. (1)(D). Pub. L. 115–141, §604(b)(2), (3)(B), (4), added subpar. (D).
1996—Par. (2). Pub. L. 104–294, §603(i)(1), amended directory language of Pub. L. 103–322, §210603(b). See 1994 Amendment note below.
1994—Par. (2). Pub. L. 103–322, §210603(b), as amended by Pub. L. 104–294, §603(i)(1), struck out ", which may be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund established by section 1115 of title 31, United States Code," after "grants under paragraph (1)".
Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, §603(i)(2), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3504, provided that: "The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending section 210603(b) of Pub. L. 103–322, which amended this section and section 40901 of this title] shall take effect as if the amendment had been included in section 210603(b) of the Act referred to in paragraph (1) [Pub. L. 103–322] on the date of the enactment of such Act [Sept. 13, 1994]."
(5) such a compact will allow Federal and State records to be provided expeditiously to governmental and nongovernmental agencies that use such records in accordance with pertinent Federal and State law, while simultaneously enhancing the accuracy of the records and safeguarding the information contained therein from unauthorized disclosure or use.
Section was formerly classified to section 14611 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
The term "Attorney General" means the Attorney General of the United States.
The term "Compact" means the National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact set forth in section 40316 of this title.
The term "Council" means the Compact Council established under Article VI of the Compact.
The term "FBI" means the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
The term "Party State" means a State that has ratified the Compact.
The term "State" means any State, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
Section was formerly classified to section 14612 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
The National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact, as set forth in section 40316 of this title, is enacted into law and entered into by the Federal Government. The consent of Congress is given to States to enter into the Compact.
Section was formerly classified to section 14613 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
Nothing in the Compact shall affect the obligations and responsibilities of the FBI under section 552a of title 5 (commonly known as the "Privacy Act of 1974").
(2) any direct access to Federal criminal history records authorized by law.
Nothing in the Compact shall be construed to affect the authority of the FBI under the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1973 (Public Law 92–544 (86 Stat. 1115)).
The Council shall not be considered to be a Federal advisory committee for purposes of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
(2) to become entitled by reason of Council membership to any compensation or benefit payable or made available by the Federal Government to its officers or employees.
The Privacy Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 93–579, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1896, which enacted section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and provisions set out as notes under section 552a of Title 5. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 552a of Title 5 and Tables.
The National Child Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B), probably means the National Child Protection Act of 1993, Pub. L. 103–209, Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2490, which is classified principally to chapter 401 (§40101 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1993 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.
The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), is title I of Pub. L. 103–159, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1536, which enacted section 925A of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, amended sections 921, 922, and 924 of Title 18 and former section 3759 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 921 and 922 of Title 18. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1993 Amendment note set out under section 921 of Title 18 and Tables.
The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(D), is Pub. L. 103–322, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1796. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Act note set out under section 10101 of this title and Tables.
The United States Housing Act of 1937, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(E), is act Sept. 1, 1937, ch. 896, as revised generally by Pub. L. 93–383, title II, §201(a), Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 653, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§1437 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1437 of Title 42 and Tables.
The Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(F), is Pub. L. 104–330, Oct. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 4016, which is classified principally to chapter 43 (§4101 et seq.) of Title 25, Indians. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4101 of Title 25 and Tables.
The Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1973, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 92–544, Oct. 25, 1972, 86 Stat. 1109. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Section was formerly classified to section 14614 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
All departments, agencies, officers, and employees of the United States shall enforce the Compact and cooperate with one another and with all Party States in enforcing the Compact and effectuating its purposes. For the Federal Government, the Attorney General shall make such rules, prescribe such instructions, and take such other actions as may be necessary to carry out the Compact and this subchapter.
Section was formerly classified to section 14615 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
This Compact organizes an electronic information sharing system among the Federal Government and the States to exchange criminal history records for noncriminal justice purposes authorized by Federal or State law, such as background checks for governmental licensing and employment.
Under this Compact, the FBI and the Party States agree to maintain detailed databases of their respective criminal history records, including arrests and dispositions, and to make them available to the Federal Government and to Party States for authorized purposes. The FBI shall also manage the Federal data facilities that provide a significant part of the infrastructure for the system.
The term "Council" means the Compact Council established under Article VI.
The term "criminal history record repository" means the State agency designated by the Governor or other appropriate executive official or the legislature of a State to perform centralized recordkeeping functions for criminal history records and services in the State.
The term "criminal justice" includes activities relating to the detection, apprehension, detention, pretrial release, post-trial release, prosecution, adjudication, correctional supervision, or rehabilitation of accused persons or criminal offenders. The administration of criminal justice includes criminal identification activities and the collection, storage, and dissemination of criminal history records.
(B) includes Federal and State inspectors general offices.
The term "criminal justice services" means services provided by the FBI to criminal justice agencies in response to a request for information about a particular individual or as an update to information previously provided for criminal justice purposes.
The term "criterion offense" means any felony or misdemeanor offense not included on the list of nonserious offenses published periodically by the FBI.
The term "direct access" means access to the National Identification Index by computer terminal or other automated means not requiring the assistance of or intervention by any other party or agency.
The term "Executive order" means an order of the President of the United States or the chief executive officer of a State that has the force of law and that is promulgated in accordance with applicable law.
(B) includes the National Identification Index, the National Fingerprint File and, to the extent of their participation in such system, the criminal history record repositories of the States and the FBI.
The term "National Fingerprint File" means a database of fingerprints, or other uniquely personal identifying information, relating to an arrested or charged individual maintained by the FBI to provide positive identification of record subjects indexed in the III System.
The term "National Identification Index" means an index maintained by the FBI consisting of names, identifying numbers, and other descriptive information relating to record subjects about whom there are criminal history records in the III System.
The term "National indices" means the National Identification Index and the National Fingerprint File.
The term "Nonparty State" means a State that has not ratified this Compact.
The term "noncriminal justice purposes" means uses of criminal history records for purposes authorized by Federal or State law other than purposes relating to criminal justice activities, including employment suitability, licensing determinations, immigration and naturalization matters, and national security clearances.
The term "Party State" means a State that has ratified this Compact.
The term "positive identification" means a determination, based upon a comparison of fingerprints or other equally reliable biometric identification techniques, that the subject of a record search is the same person as the subject of a criminal history record or records indexed in the III System. Identifications based solely upon a comparison of subjects&apos; names or other nonunique identification characteristics or numbers, or combinations thereof, shall not constitute positive identification.
In carrying out their responsibilities under this Compact, the FBI and each Party State shall comply with III System rules, procedures, and standards duly established by the Council concerning record dissemination and use, response times, data quality, system security, accuracy, privacy protection, and other aspects of III System operation.
(1) Use of the III System for noncriminal justice purposes authorized in this Compact shall be managed so as not to diminish the level of services provided in support of criminal justice purposes.
To the extent authorized by section 552a of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the "Privacy Act of 1974"), the FBI shall provide on request criminal history records (excluding sealed records) to State criminal history record repositories for noncriminal justice purposes allowed by Federal statute, Federal Executive order, or a State statute that has been approved by the Attorney General and that authorizes national indices checks.
The FBI, to the extent authorized by section 552a of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the "Privacy Act of 1974"), and State criminal history record repositories shall provide criminal history records (excluding sealed records) to criminal justice agencies and other governmental or nongovernmental agencies for noncriminal justice purposes allowed by Federal statute, Federal Executive order, or a State statute that has been approved by the Attorney General, that authorizes national indices checks.
(3) ensure that record entries that may not legally be used for a particular noncriminal justice purpose are deleted from the response and, if no information authorized for release remains, an appropriate "no record" response is communicated to the requesting official.
Each request for a criminal history record check utilizing the national indices made under any approved State statute shall be submitted through that State's criminal history record repository. A State criminal history record repository shall process an interstate request for noncriminal justice purposes through the national indices only if such request is transmitted through another State criminal history record repository or the FBI.
Each request for criminal history record checks utilizing the national indices made under Federal authority shall be submitted through the FBI or, if the State criminal history record repository consents to process fingerprint submissions, through the criminal history record repository in the State in which such request originated. Direct access to the National Identification Index by entities other than the FBI and State criminal history records repositories shall not be permitted for noncriminal justice purposes.
(2) may not charge a fee for providing criminal history records in response to an electronic request for a record that does not involve a request to process fingerprints.
(1) If a State criminal history record repository cannot positively identify the subject of a record request made for noncriminal justice purposes, the request, together with fingerprints or other approved identifying information, shall be forwarded to the FBI for a search of the national indices.
(B) the State criminal history record repository shall be entitled to obtain the additional criminal history record information from the FBI or other State criminal history record repositories.
There is established a council to be known as the "Compact Council", which shall have the authority to promulgate rules and procedures governing the use of the III System for noncriminal justice purposes, not to conflict with FBI administration of the III System for criminal justice purposes.
(1) Nine members, each of whom shall serve a 2-year term, who shall be selected from among the Compact officers of Party States based on the recommendation of the Compact officers of all Party States, except that, in the absence of the requisite number of Compact officers available to serve, the chief administrators of the criminal history record repositories of Nonparty States shall be eligible to serve on an interim basis.
(B) 1 shall be a representative of the noncriminal justice agencies of the Federal Government.
(B) 1 shall be a representative of State or local noncriminal justice agencies.
(4) One member, who shall serve a 3-year term, and who shall simultaneously be a member of the FBI's advisory policy board on criminal justice information services, nominated by the membership of that policy board.
(5) One member, nominated by the Director of the FBI, who shall serve a 3-year term, and who shall be an employee of the FBI.
(B) shall serve a 2-year term and may be reelected to only 1 additional 2-year term.
The Vice Chairman of the Council shall serve as the Chairman of the Council in the absence of the Chairman.
The Council shall meet at least once each year at the call of the Chairman. Each meeting of the Council shall be open to the public. The Council shall provide prior public notice in the Federal Register of each meeting of the Council, including the matters to be addressed at such meeting.
A majority of the Council or any committee of the Council shall constitute a quorum of the Council or of such committee, respectively, for the conduct of business. A lesser number may meet to hold hearings, take testimony, or conduct any business not requiring a vote.
The Council shall make available for public inspection and copying at the Council office within the FBI, and shall publish in the Federal Register, any rules, procedures, or standards established by the Council.
The Council may request from the FBI such reports, studies, statistics, or other information or materials as the Council determines to be necessary to enable the Council to perform its duties under this Compact. The FBI, to the extent authorized by law, may provide such assistance or information upon such a request.
The Chairman may establish committees as necessary to carry out this Compact and may prescribe their membership, responsibilities, and duration.
This Compact shall take effect upon being entered into by 2 or more States as between those States and the Federal Government. Upon subsequent entering into this Compact by additional States, it shall become effective among those States and the Federal Government and each Party State that has previously ratified it. When ratified, this Compact shall have the full force and effect of law within the ratifying jurisdictions. The form of ratification shall be in accordance with the laws of the executing State.
Administration of this Compact shall not interfere with the management and control of the Director of the FBI over the FBI's collection and dissemination of criminal history records and the advisory function of the FBI's advisory policy board chartered under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) for all purposes other than noncriminal justice.
Nothing in this Compact shall require the FBI to obligate or expend funds beyond those appropriated to the FBI.
Nothing in this Compact shall diminish or lessen the obligations, responsibilities, and authorities of any State, whether a Party State or a Nonparty State, or of any criminal history record repository or other subdivision or component thereof, under the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1973 (Public Law 92–544), or regulations and guidelines promulgated thereunder, including the rules and procedures promulgated by the Council under Article VI(a), regarding the use and dissemination of criminal history records and information.
This Compact shall bind each Party State until renounced by the Party State.
(2) become effective 180 days after written notice of renunciation is provided by the Party State to each other Party State and to the Federal Government.
The provisions of this Compact shall be severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of this Compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any participating State, or to the Constitution of the United States, or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this Compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If a portion of this Compact is held contrary to the constitution of any Party State, all other portions of this Compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining Party States and in full force and effect as to the Party State affected, as to all other provisions.
(2) hold a hearing concerning any dispute described in paragraph (1) at a regularly scheduled meeting of the Council and only render a decision based upon a majority vote of the members of the Council. Such decision shall be published pursuant to the requirements of Article VI(e).
The FBI shall exercise immediate and necessary action to preserve the integrity of the III System, maintain system policy and standards, protect the accuracy and privacy of records, and to prevent abuses, until the Council holds a hearing on such matters.
The FBI or a Party State may appeal any decision of the Council to the Attorney General, and thereafter may file suit in the appropriate district court of the United States, which shall have original jurisdiction of all cases or controversies arising under this Compact. Any suit arising under this Compact and initiated in a State court shall be removed to the appropriate district court of the United States in the manner provided by section 1446 of title 28, United States Code, or other statutory authority.
The Privacy Act of 1974, referred to in Article IV(a), (b), is Pub. L. 93–579, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1896, which enacted section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and provisions set out as notes under section 552a of Title 5. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 552a of Title 5 and Tables.
The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in Article VIII(a), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
The Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1973, referred to in Article VIII(c), is Pub. L. 92–544, Oct. 25, 1972, 86 Stat. 1109. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
Section was formerly classified to section 14616 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
1 So in original. Probably should be "Interstate Identification Index System".

References: §604
 §604
 §604
 §604
 §1015
 §1015
 §604
 §604
 §604
 §603
 §210603
 §210603
 §603
 §603
 §201