Source: https://www.defenselawyersite.com/can-the-police-enter-your-home-without-a-warrant/
Timestamp: 2019-04-21 08:54:37+00:00

Document:
The “chief evil” against which the 4th amdt is directed = physical entry into the home.
AKA TO GET IN, GET A WARRANT.
“Warrants are generally required to search a person's home or his person unless `the exigencies of the situation' make the needs of law enforcement so compelling that the warrantless search is objectively reasonable under the Fourth Amendment."
Warrantless entries into the home are presumptively unreasonable, even with probable cause.
Probable Cause Element: The fourth amendment...prohibits the police from entering private property without a warrant, unless there are exigent circumstances and probable cause to arrest.
Reasonable basis, approximately probable cause, to associating area of search/entry with emergency.
Probable cause in an emergency situation = reasonable belief a person is in danger.
Based on totality of the circumstances officer encounters.
Cops witness a fight or its aftermath.
Domestic Violence/sexual assault/battery call with evidence fight just occurred/is occurring.
To fight a fire or investigate the source.
To prevent the imminent destruction of evidence.
The potential destruction of evidence alone is not enough.
"The general rule in Illinois is that the potential destruction of evidence, standing alone, does not excuse obtaining a warrant."
For example, the smell of marijuana or observations of underage drinking alone DOES NOT establish exigent circumstances to justify a warrantless entry into a home.
When in "hot pursuit" of a suspect who flees from a public place into his residence.
Involves "some sort of a chase" but does not require an extended pursuit through the public streets.
This exception has only been applied to fleeing felons and misdemeanor DUI suspects, suggesting that the doctrine applies to misdemeanors as well as felon pursuits.
They have an arrest warrant based on probable cause.
It is the suspect’s dwelling/place of residence.
There is reason to believe the suspect is likely inside his or her dwelling.
Note: standard is reasonable belief, not probable cause.
(8) the police entry was made peaceably, albeit nonconsensually.
This list is not exhaustive. Whether or not the police can enter your home without a warrant will always be determined by the specific facts of each case, or what the law calls a “case by case” approach. The focus will be, as always with the 4th amendment, reasonableness. Given the totality of the circumstances, was the officer’s action reasonable? It almost always comes down to this question.
The 4th amendment guarantees the "right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures." U.S. Const., amend. IV. There’s an old saying taught in law school: “A lawyer knows the rule; a good criminal defense lawyer knows the exception to the rule; a great lawyer knows the exception to the exception.”. At Chicago criminal defense firm Robert Callahan and Associates, we know the exception to the exception, and everything in between. No exception.
 People v. Abt, 269 Ill. App. 3d 831, 836 (1995).  People v. Payton, 445 U.S. 573, 590 (1980)  Id.  Id.  Mincey v. Arizona, 437 U. S. 385, 393-394 (1978).  People v. Wear, 229 Ill.2d 545, 562 (2008).  People v. James, 163 Ill. 2d 302, 310-12 (1994).  Brigham City v. Stuart, 547 U.S. 398, 403 (2006).  People v. Koniecki, 135 Ill. App.3d 394, 399 (1985) citing People v. Meddows 100 Ill. App.3d 576, 580 (1981).  People v. Ferral, 397 Ill. App. 3d 697, 705 (2009).  People v. Lomax, 2012 IL app (1st) 103016, at p. 50.  Koniecki, at 399.  People v. Ramsey, 2017 IL App (1st) 160977.  Koniecki.  United States v. Santana, 427 U.S. 38 (1976).  Bingham, at 403.  People v. Olson, 112 Ill. App.3d 20, 24 (1983).  People v. Cohen, 146 Ill. App.3d 618 (1986).  Cohen, Eden, Olson. Florida v. Jardines, 133 S.Ct. 1409 (2013).  United States v. Santana, 427 U.S. 38 (1976)  Id. Santana, 42 U.S. at 43.  Id.  People v. Wear, 229 Ill.2d 545 (2008).  Payton v. New York, 445 U.S. 573 (1980).  People v. Sain, 122 Ill.App.3d 646 (2nd Dist. 1984).  People v. Foskey, 136 Ill.2d 66, 75 (1990).

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