Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/CN101377166B/en
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 18:05:10+00:00

Document:
一种燃料喷射装置，包括用于喷射燃料的燃料喷射阀(20)，燃料是从蓄压容器(12)分配的。 A fuel injection device includes a fuel injection valve (20) for injecting fuel, the fuel is dispensed from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12). 压力传感器(20a)位于从蓄压容器(12)延伸到喷嘴孔(20f)的燃料通道(25)中。 The pressure sensor (20a) is located extends from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to a nozzle hole (20f) of the fuel passage (25). 压力传感器(20a)距喷嘴孔(20f)比距蓄压容器(12)近。 The pressure sensor (20a) from the nozzle hole (20f) than the pressure-accumulation vessel near (12). 存储单元(26)存储通过检验获得的个体差异信息。 A storage unit (26) stores individual difference information obtained by the test. 所述个体差异信息表示燃料喷射阀(20)的喷射特性并表示喷射响应时延(T1)和计算喷射响应时延(T1)的参数(La，K，ΔT10)中的至少一个，所述喷射响应时延(T1)是喷射开始点(R3)和压力传感器(20a)的检测压力因开始燃料喷射而导致波动的时间点(P3)之间的时间段。 The individual difference information indicates a fuel injection valve (20) and said injection characteristic of the injection response time delay (T1) and calculating the injection response time delay parameter (T1) of the (La, K, ΔT10) at least one of said spray response delay (T1) is an injection start point (R3) and a pressure sensor (20a) detects the pressure caused by the fuel injection start time period between the time point fluctuation (P3).
 本发明涉及一种燃料喷射装置，其具有用于喷射燃料的燃料喷射阀，燃料是从蓄压容器分配的。  The present invention relates to a fuel injection apparatus having a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel, the fuel is distributed from a pressure-accumulation vessel. 本发明还涉及具有该燃料喷射装置的燃料喷射系统。 The present invention further relates to a fuel injection system having the fuel injection device. 本发明还涉及判断该燃料喷射装置中的故障的方法。 The present invention further relates to a method for determining failure of the fuel injection device in FIG.
 常规地，共轨燃料喷射装置包括作为蓄压容器的公共轨道，其被配置成以高压蓄积燃料。  Conventionally, a common rail fuel injection device includes a common rail as a pressure-accumulation vessel, which is configured to accumulate fuel at high pressure. 进一步将公共轨道配置成将高压燃料分配到各燃料喷射阀，从而分别将所分配的燃料喷射到内燃机的汽缸。 The common rail is further configured to distribute the high-pressure fuel to each fuel injection valve to the assigned respectively fuel is injected into cylinders of the internal combustion engine. JP-A-2006-200378中的这种常规共轨燃料喷射装置包括作为轨道压力传感器的压力传感器。 Such a conventional common rail fuel injection apparatus of JP-A-2006-200378 includes a pressure sensor as the rail pressure sensor. 该压力传感器被安装到公共轨道上，以检测公共轨道中蓄积的燃料压力。 The pressure sensor is mounted to the common rail to detect fuel pressure accumulated in the common rail. 共轨燃料喷射装置还被配置成基于压力传感器的检测结果来控制各种装置，例如燃料泵，以向公共轨道供应燃料。 Common rail fuel injection apparatus is further configured to control various devices based on the detection result of the pressure sensor, such as a fuel pump to supply fuel to the common rail.
 JP-A-2006-200378中的燃料喷射装置通过控制燃料喷射阀的打开时间Tq来控制喷射量Q。  JP-A-2006-200378 fuel injection means is controlled by controlling the fuel injection quantity of the injection valve opening period Tq of Q. 即使在同样类型的燃料喷射阀中，每一个燃料喷射阀也具有打开时间和喷射量之间的特定关系，该特定关系具有个体差异。 Even in the same type of fuel injection valve, each fuel injection valve also has a specific relationship between the opening time and the injection quantity, the specific relationship has an individual difference. 因此，在燃料喷射阀运出工厂之前针对每一个燃料喷射阀检验该作为喷射特性(Tq-Q特性)的特定关系。 Thus, the fuel injection valve before factory shipment inspection as the injection characteristic (Tq-Q characteristic) of a specific relationship for each of the fuel injection valve. 将通过检验获得的喷射特性进行编码以生成QR码(注册商标)，其标明了个体差异信息。 The encoded by injection characteristic examination is obtained to generate a QR code (registered trademark), which identifies the individual difference information. 将该QR码粘贴到燃料喷射阀上。 The QR Code is adhered to the fuel injection valve.
 利用扫描装置读取表示个体差异信息的QR码。  With the scanning device reads the QR code indicates the individual difference information. 之后，在发动机ECU中存储个体差异信息，该发动机ECU控制着发动机的工作状态。 Thereafter, the engine ECU stores individual difference information, the ECU controls the engine operating state of the engine. 在燃料喷射阀运输出厂之后，将燃料喷射阀安装到发动机上。 After the factory transport fuel injection valve, the fuel injection valve mounted to the engine. 于是，发动机的发动机ECU基于所存储的个体差异信息操控打开时间Tq,由此控制燃料喷射阀的喷射量Q。 Thus, the engine ECU of the engine based on the opening period Tq individual difference information stored in the control, thereby controlling the injection quantity of the fuel injection valve Q.
 然而，近年来，除了在安装到发动机的燃料喷射阀的一次打开中控制喷射量Q之夕卜，还需要控制各种喷射状态。  However, in recent years, in addition to controlling the injection quantity Q in one opening Bu Xi is mounted to the fuel injection valve of the engine, but also controls various injection state. 各种喷射状态可以包括每次喷射中的实际喷射开始点、最大喷射速率抵达点等。 Various injection condition may include an actual injection start point of each injection, the maximum injection rate arrival points. 亦即，即使在喷射量Q相同的时候，如果诸如实际喷射开始点和最大喷射速率抵达点等的喷射状态有变化，发动机的燃烧状态也会改变。 That is, even when the injection quantity Q is the same, if the state of the injection start point and the maximum injection rate of the actual injection such as the arrival point and the like is changed, the combustion state of the engine also changes. 结果，发动机的输出转矩和废气状态发生改变。 As a result, the output torque of the engine and an exhaust gas state is changed.
 具体而言，在用于在柴油机中进行多阶段喷射的燃料喷射装置中，需要控制除喷射量Q之外的诸如实际喷射开始点和最大喷射速率抵达点等的喷射状态，以便控制一次燃烧循环中的多次燃料喷射。  Specifically, in the fuel injection device for performing multi-stage injection in a diesel engine, it is necessary to control, such as the actual injection start point and the maximum injection rate in addition to the injection quantity Q arrival point injection state or the like, so as to control a plurality of fuel injection in one combustion cycle.
 相反，在根据JP-A-2006-200378所述的燃料喷射装置中，通过进行检验仅获得Tq-Q特性，并将Tq-Q特性作为燃料喷射阀的个体差异信息加以存储。  In contrast, the fuel injection device in JP-A-2006-200378 described, only the Tq-Q characteristic is obtained by performing the test in accordance with the individual difference information and the Tq-Q characteristic as the fuel injection valve is stored. 因此，不能获得除喷射量Q之外的喷射状态以作为个体差异。 Thus, the injection state can not be obtained in addition to the injection quantity Q as the individual difference. 因此，很难以高精度控制除喷射量Q之外的喷射状态。 Thus, it is difficult to accurately control the injection state other than the injection quantity Q.
 考虑到前述和其他问题，本发明的目的是制造一种燃料喷射装置，其能够以高精度控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。  In view of the foregoing and other problems, an object of the present invention is to produce a fuel injection device, which can be controlled with high precision the state of the fuel injection valve. 另一个目的是制造一种具有该燃料喷射装置的燃料喷射系统。 Another object is to produce a fuel injection system having the fuel injection device. 本发明的另一个目的是提出一种判断燃料喷射装置中的故障的方法，该燃料喷射装置能够以高精度控制其喷射状态。 Another object of the present invention is to propose a method for determining failure of the fuel injection device, the fuel injection apparatus can control the injection state with high accuracy.
 根据本发明的一个方面，从蓄压容器向所述燃料喷射装置供应燃料，所述燃料喷射装置包括燃料喷射阀，用于喷射从所述蓄压容器分配的燃料。  In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, from the pressure-accumulation vessel to the fuel injection device for supplying fuel, the fuel injection device includes a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel from the accumulator pressure of the container dispensed. 所述燃料喷射装置还包括位于燃料通道中的压力传感器，所述燃料通道从所述蓄压容器延伸到所述燃料喷射阀的喷嘴孔，所述压力传感器距所述喷嘴孔比距所述蓄压容器近，且用于检测燃料压力。 The fuel injection device further comprises a pressure sensor located in the fuel passage, the fuel passage extending from the pressure-accumulation vessel to a nozzle hole of the fuel injection valve, the pressure sensor from the nozzle hole than to the reservoir near pressurized container, and for detecting the fuel pressure. 所述燃料喷射装置还包括用于存储个体差异信息的存储单元，所述个体差异信息表示所述燃料喷射阀的喷射特性，所述喷射特性是通过检验获得的。 The fuel injection device further comprises a storage unit for storing individual difference information, the individual difference information indicates the injection characteristic of the fuel injection valve, the injection characteristic obtained by testing. 所述个体差异信息包括喷射响应延迟信息，该喷射响应延迟信息表示喷射响应时延和第一参数中的至少一个。 The individual difference information includes injection response delay information, injection response delay information indicates that the injection response time delay and at least a first parameter. 所述喷射响应时延是从喷射开始点到时间点之间的时间段，其中，在该喷射开始点，通过所述喷嘴孔开始燃料喷射，而在该时间点，所述压力传感器的检测压力中发生波动，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的。 The injection response time delay is a time period between the time points, wherein, in the injection start point, the start through the nozzle hole of the fuel injection from the injection start point, and at this time point, the pressure detecting sensor in fluctuates, the fluctuation is caused by the fuel injection is started. 计算所述喷射响应时延需要所述第一参数。 Calculating the injection response time delay requires the first parameter.
 根据本发明的另一个方面，一种用于判断燃料喷射装置中所导致的故障的方法，所述燃料喷射装置包括:燃料喷射阀，其用于喷射从蓄压容器分配的燃料；以及位于从所述蓄压容器延伸到喷嘴孔的燃料通道中的压力传感器，所述压力传感器的位置距离所述喷嘴孔比距离所述蓄压容器近，所述方法包括:通过进行检验来测量喷射响应时延，所述喷射响应时延是从通过所述喷嘴孔开始燃料喷射的时间点到所述压力传感器的检测压力中发生波动的时间点之间的时间段，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的。  According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for determining faults in a fuel injection device caused by the fuel injection device comprising: a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel from the accumulator pressure of the container dispensed; and a pressure sensor positioned to extend from the pressure-accumulation vessel to a nozzle hole of the fuel passage, the position of the nozzle hole from the pressure sensor of the pressure vessel than to the accumulator, the method comprising: measuring by inspection injection response time delay, the injection response time delay from a point of time through the nozzle hole of the fuel injection is started to a time period between the time point detected pressure fluctuations of the pressure sensor, the fluctuation of the fuel is started injection caused. 所述方法还包括当所述喷射响应时延大于阈值时判定所述燃料喷射装置发生故障。 The method further comprises determining said fuel injection means when a failure occurs when the delay is greater than a threshold value in response to the injection.
 根据本发明的另一个方面，一种用于判断燃料喷射装置中导致的故障的方法，所述燃料喷射装置包括:燃料喷射阀，其用于喷射从蓄压容器分配的燃料；以及位于从所述蓄压容器延伸到喷嘴孔的燃料通道中的用于检测燃料压力的压力传感器，所述压力传感器的位置更靠近所述喷嘴孔和所述蓄压容器中的所述喷嘴孔，所述方法包括:通过对主燃料喷射阀和主传感器进行检验，第一测量基准指令-检测时延。  According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of determining a failure caused in a fuel injection device for the fuel injection device comprising: a fuel injection valve for injecting dispensing fuel from the accumulator vessel; and located extending from the pressure-accumulation vessel to a pressure sensor for detecting the fuel pressure in the fuel passage in the nozzle hole, the position of the pressure sensor is closer to the nozzle hole and the nozzle hole of the reservoir pressure of the container, the method comprising: by inspection of the main fuel injection valve and the master sensor, measuring a first reference instruction - detection latency. 该方法还包括通过对作为故障受检对象的所述燃料喷射阀和压力传感器进行检验，来第二测量对象指令-检测时延。 The method further comprises checked by the injection valve and pressure sensor as examined objects of the malfunction of the fuel to the second measurement target instruction - detection latency. 基准指令-检测时延和对象指令-检测时延中的每一个都是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点到检测压力发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动归因于开始燃料喷射。 Reference command - target instruction detection latency and - are each injector delay from the output of the detection time point of the start command signal to the detection time point of the time period the pressure fluctuation occurs, the fluctuation being attributed to start of fuel injection. 该主燃料喷射阀和主传感器分别不同于燃料喷射阀和压力传感器。 The main fuel injection valve and the master sensor are respectively different from the fuel injection valve and a pressure sensor. 该方法还包括当对象指令-检测时延相对于基准指令-检测时延的误差延迟大于阈值时，判定至少一个受检对象发生故障。 The method further includes when the target instruction - with respect to the reference instruction detection latency - greater than the threshold, determining at least one target subject failure detection latency delay error.
 图15为示出了根据第三实施例判断作为受检对象的燃料喷射装置中所导致的故障的流程的流程图。  FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a fuel injection device is determined as failure in a subject caused by an object according to a third embodiment of the process.
 将根据本实施例的燃料喷射装置安装到(例如)用于汽车的内燃机的共轨燃料喷射系统中。  The internal combustion engine is mounted (e.g.,) for an automobile fuel injection device according to the present embodiment of the common rail fuel injection system. 例如，将该燃料喷射装置用于直接向柴油机的汽缸中的燃烧室喷射高压燃料。 For example, the high-pressure fuel injection device for injecting fuel directly into a cylinder of a diesel engine combustion chamber. 例如，该高压燃料为喷射压力高于IOOMPa的轻油。 For example, the high-pressure fuel injection pressure higher than the gas oil IOOMPa.
 首先，参考图1描述作为根据本实施例的汽车内发动机系统的共轨燃料喷射系统。  First, with reference to FIG. 1 as described common rail fuel injection system of an automobile engine according to the present embodiment of the system according to the embodiment. 在本实施例中，该发动机例如是诸如直列式四缸发动机。 In the present embodiment, the engine such as, for example, inline four-cylinder engine. 具体而言，该发动机可以是四冲程往复式柴油机。 Specifically, the engine may be a four-stroke reciprocating diesel. 在该发动机中，为进料阀和排料阀的凸轮轴提供电磁拾音器(pickup)作为汽缸检测传感器，以便在那个时候连续地判断目标汽缸。 In this engine, there is provided an electromagnetic pickup (Pickup) for the inlet valve and the exhaust valve camshaft sensor detecting a cylinder, so as to continuously determines a target cylinder at that time. 四个汽缸#1到M中的每一个都在720度CA(曲柄角)下重复四冲程燃烧循环，每一个循环包括进料冲程、压缩冲程、燃烧冲程和排料冲程。 Each of the four cylinders # 1 to a next (crank angle) of 720 degrees CA M in the four-stroke combustion cycle is repeated, each cycle comprising a feed stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke and discharge stroke. 详细地讲，#1、#3、#4、#2汽缸在相对于彼此呈180度CA偏移的条件下按所述顺序执行四冲程燃烧循环。 In detail, the # 1, # 3, # 4, # 2 cylinders to each other to form the sequentially performed at 180 degrees CA shift relative to the four-stroke combustion cycle. 在图1中，从燃料箱10 —侧将作为燃料喷射阀的喷射器20分别分配给汽缸#1、#2、#3、#4。 In Figure 1, the fuel tank 10 from the - side to the injector as the fuel injection valve 20 are respectively assigned to the cylinders # 1, # 2, # 3, # 4.
 如图1所示，该燃料喷射系统包括电子控制单元(E⑶)30，将其配置成输入从各种传感器输出的检测信号，并根据检测信号控制燃料供给系统的组件。  As shown, the fuel injection system includes an electronic control unit (E⑶) 30, which is arranged to be input from various detection signals output from the sensors, and control components of a detection signal of the fuel supply system 1. ECU30控制着供应给抽吸控制阀Ilc的电流，由此控制从燃料泵11释放的燃料量。 ECU30 controls a current supplied to the suction control valve Ilc, thereby controlling the amount of fuel discharged from the fuel pump 11. ECU30执行诸如PID控制等的反馈控制，以将作为蓄压容器的公共轨道12中的燃料压力调节在目标燃料压力。 ECU30 performs a feedback control such as PID control or the like, the fuel pressure in the pressure-accumulation vessel as the common rail 12 adjusts the target fuel pressure. 利用压力传感器20a检测公共轨道12中的压力。 20a detecting the pressure in the common rail 12 by the pressure sensor. ECU30基于燃料压力来控制喷射到发动机的特定汽缸中的燃料量，由此控制发动机的旋转速度和输出轴的转矩。 ECU30 based on the fuel pressure to control the amount of fuel injected into a specific cylinder of the engine, thereby controlling the torque and rotational speed of the output shaft of the engine.
 从燃料供给系统的上游开始按照下述顺序设置燃料箱10、燃料泵11、公共轨道12和喷射器20。  Start disposed upstream from the fuel tank to the fuel supply system 10 in the following order, the fuel pump 11, the common rail 12 and the injector 20. 通过燃料过滤器IOb和管路IOa将燃料箱10与燃料泵11连接。 The fuel tank 10 is connected to the fuel pump through the fuel filter 11 and IOb lines IOa.
 作为容器的燃料箱10用于存储诸如轻油等的用于发动机的燃料。  The fuel tank 10 as a container for storing fuel such as light oil for the engine or the like. 燃料泵11包括高压泵IIa和低压泵lib。 The fuel pump 11 includes a high pressure pump pumps IIa and lib. 将低压泵IIb配置成从燃料箱10抽取燃料，将高压泵IIa配置成对从低压泵Ilb抽取的燃料进一步加压。 IIb the low-pressure pump 10 is configured to extract fuel from the fuel tank, the high pressure pump further pressurizing IIa configured extracted from the low pressure fuel pump Ilb. 在燃料泵11的入口中提供抽吸控制阀(SCV)llc，以控制馈送给高压泵Ila的燃料量。 Suction control valve provided at the inlet of the fuel pump 11 (SCV) llc, to control the amount of fuel fed to the high pressure pump of Ila. 在该结构中，SCVIIc控制从燃料泵11排放的燃料量。 In this configuration, SCVIIc controlling the amount of fuel discharged from the fuel pump 11.
 该抽吸控制阀Ilc例如是常开蝶阀，在断电时它是打开的。  The suction control valve is a normally open valve Ilc e.g., when it is turned off. 在该结构中，可以通过控制提供给抽吸控制阀Ilc的驱动电流，来操控抽吸控制阀Ilc的阀打开区域，从而从调节燃料泵11排放的燃料量。 In this structure, it may be provided by controlling the drive current to the suction control valve Ilc, the suction control valve to manipulate Ilc valve opening area, so that the amount of fuel from the fuel pump 11 adjusted emissions.
 燃料泵11的低压泵Ilb例如是次摆线给料泵。 The low pressure pump  The fuel pump 11 is, for example, Ilb trochoid feed pump. 高压泵Ila例如是柱塞泵，其利用偏心轮(未示出)以预定时间间隔沿轴向连续移动柱塞，从而从压缩室给送燃料。 Ila high pressure pump, for example, a plunger pump, which eccentric wheel (not shown) at a predetermined time interval continuously moving the plunger in the axial direction, thereby feeding the fuel from the compression chamber. 该柱塞可以包括例如三个柱塞。 The plunger may comprise, for example, three plungers. 利用驱动轴Ild驱动该泵。 Ild driving shaft to drive the pump. 驱动轴Ild与曲轴41联锁，曲轴41是发动机的输出轴。 Ild drive shaft 41 interlocked with the crankshaft, the crankshaft 41 is an output shaft of the engine. 例如，驱动轴Ild被配置成相对于曲轴41的一次旋转以一定比例(例如I比I或I比2)旋转。 For example, the drive shaft is arranged Ild time relative to the crankshaft 41 rotates at a constant ratio (e.g., I I or I 2 ratio) rotation. 在该结构中，由发动机的输出功率驱动低压泵Ilb和高压泵11a。 In this configuration, the output of the engine driven pump low pressure Ilb and high-pressure pump 11a.
 燃料泵11通过燃料过滤器IOb从燃料箱10抽取燃料并将抽取的燃料加压馈送到公共轨道12。  11 10 the fuel pump draws fuel through the fuel filter and the fuel tank IOb extracted from the pressurized fuel fed to common rail 12. 公共轨道12在高压下存储从燃料泵11馈送的燃料。 Common rail 12 stores the fuel at high pressure pump 11 feeding fuel. 公共轨道12通过每一个汽缸设置的高压管路14将蓄积的燃料分配到汽缸#1到M中的每一个的喷射器20。 Assigned to the common rail 12 of each cylinder # 1 to M injector 20 through a high-pressure line for each cylinder 14 disposed accumulated fuel. 喷射器20(#1)到20(#4)中的每一个都具有排出口21，其与管路18相连，用于将过多的燃料返回到燃料箱10。 Injectors 20 (# 1) to 20 (# 4) each having a discharge outlet of 21, which is connected to line 18 for excess fuel returned to the fuel tank 10. 在公共轨道12和高压管路14之间的连接处提供孔口12a，作为脉动减小单元，用于使从公共轨道12流到高压管路14中的燃料压力的脉动衰减。 Line 14 provides a connection between the orifice 12a and the high pressure in the common rail 12 as a pulsation reducing means for pulsation of the high pressure flow line 12 from the fuel pressure in the common rail 14 is attenuated.
 图2示出了喷射器20的详细结构。  FIG. 2 shows a detailed structure of the injector 20. 四个喷射器20 (#1)到20 (#4)基本具有相同的结构，例如图2所示的结构。 Four injectors 20 (# 1) to 20 (# 4) substantially has the same structure, the structure shown in FIG. 2, for example. 每一个喷射器20都是燃料喷射阀，利用从燃料箱10抽出且将要在发动机中燃烧的燃料对其进行液压致动。 Each injector 20 is a fuel injection valve 10 is withdrawn from the use of tank and the fuel to be combusted in the engine fuel be hydraulically actuated. 在喷射器20中，经由作为控制室的液压室Cd传递用于燃料喷射的驱动力。 In the injector 20, Cd transmitted via a hydraulic chamber for driving force control chamber fuel injection. 如图2所示，将喷射器20配置为常闭燃料喷射阀，在断电时其处于关闭状态。 2, the injector 20 is configured to normally close the fuel injection valve, which is closed when de-energized state.
 从公共轨道12供应高压燃料，高压燃料流入喷射器20的外壳20e中设置的燃料进孔22中。  The supply of high pressure fuel from the common rail 12, fuel feed pressure fuel hole 20e of the housing 20 into the ejector 22 is provided in the. 所提供的高压燃料部分流到液压室Cd中，剩余的高压燃料流入喷嘴孔20f。 High pressure fuel flowing portion provided in the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd, the remaining high-pressure fuel into the nozzle hole 20f. 液压室Cd具有泄漏孔24，通过控制阀23打开和闭合它。 Hydraulic pressure chamber Cd has a leak hole 24, which is opened and closed by the control valve 23. 在通过提起控制阀23打开泄漏孔24时，燃料从液压室Cd经过泄漏孔2`4和排出口21返回燃料箱10。 When the control valve 23 is opened by lifting the leak hole 24, the fuel leak hole 2`4 and Cd through the discharge port 21 is returned to the fuel tank 10 from the hydraulic chamber.
 在喷射器20进行燃料喷射时，根据双向电磁阀螺线管20b的加电和断电操作控制阀23，由此控制阀23控制燃料从液压室Cd的泄漏。  When the injector 20 performs the fuel injection, the solenoid two-way electromagnetic valve 20b is powered on and off operation of control valve 23, whereby the fuel control valve 23 controls the hydraulic chamber Cd from leaking. 于是，控制阀23控制液压室Cd中的压力。 Thus, the control valve 23 controls the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd. 这里，液压室Cd中的压力相当于施加到针阀20c的背压。 Here, the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is equivalent to backpressure applied to a needle valve 20c. 于是，在被施以螺旋弹簧20d的偏置力时，针阀20c根据液压室Cd中的压力变化而在外壳20e内部上下往复运动。 Thus, upon being subjected to the biasing force of the coil spring 20d, the needle valve 20c changes in accordance with the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is reciprocated up and down inside the housing 20e. 在该操作期间，延伸到喷嘴孔20f的燃料通道25在其中间打开和关闭。 During this operation, extends to the nozzle holes 20f in the fuel passage 25 therein between open and closed. 具体而言，燃料通道25具有锥形座表面，随着针阀20c的往复运动，针阀20c安放在锥形座表面上并从其提起，由此针阀20c连通并阻断燃料通道25。 Specifically, the fuel passage 25 has a tapered seat surface, the needle valve 20c reciprocates with the needle valve 20c mounted on a conical seat surface and lifted therefrom, whereby the needle valve 20c communicates and blocks the fuel passage 25. 喷嘴孔20f的数量可以任意确定。 Number of the nozzle holes 20f can be arbitrarily determined.
 例如，针阀20c受到开关式控制。  For example, the needle valve 20c by the switching control. 具体而言，针阀20c具有作为致动器的双向电磁阀，双向电磁阀被施以脉冲信号作为激励信号。 Specifically, the needle valve 20c has the two-way solenoid valve as the actuator, the solenoid two-way valve is applied with a pulse signal as the excitation signal. 从ECU30发射作为开关信号的脉冲信号以对电磁阀通电和断电。 ECU30 transmit a pulse signal from the switching signal to the solenoid valve is energized and de-energized pair. 通过导通脉冲信号而提起针阀20c，由此打开喷嘴孔20f。 On pulse signal by lifting the needle valve 20c, thereby opening the nozzle holes 20f. 通过关闭脉冲信号而安放(seat)针阀20c，由此阻断喷嘴孔20f。 Seated by turning off the pulse signal (SEAT) of the needle valve 20c, thereby blocking the nozzle holes 20f.
 通过从公共轨道12供应燃料来增大液压室Cd中的压力。  The hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is increased by supplying fuel from the common rail 12. 另一方面，为螺线管20b通电以操纵控制阀23，从而打开泄漏孔24，由此降低液压室Cd中的压力。 On the other hand, energizing the solenoid 20b to manipulate the control valve 23, thereby opening the leak hole 24, thereby reducing the pressure in the hydraulic chamber Cd. 在该结构中，燃料从液压室Cd通过管路18 (图1)返回燃料箱10，管路18将喷射器20与燃料箱10相连。 In this configuration, the fuel returned to the fuel tank Cd through line 18 (FIG. 1) 10, the line 18 is connected to the injector 20 and the fuel tank 10 from the hydraulic chamber. 亦即，通过操纵控制阀23，从而操作针阀20c以打开和关闭喷嘴孔20f，来控制液压室Cd中的燃料压力。 That is, by manipulating the control valve 23 so as to operate the needle valve 20c to open and close the nozzle holes 20f, to control the fuel pressure in the hydraulic chamber Cd.
 在该结构中，喷射器20包括针阀20c，将其配置成通过打开和关闭燃料通道25，并与作为阀体的外壳20e内的预定轴向往复运动相结合，来打开和关闭喷射器20，其中，燃料通道25延伸到喷嘴孔20f。  In this structure, the injector 20 includes the needle valve 20c, which is to be arranged by opening and closing the fuel passage 25, and combined with a predetermined axial reciprocation inside the housing 20e as the valve body to open and close injector 20, wherein the fuel passage 25 extends to the nozzle holes 20f. 当螺线管断电时，针阀20c被施以弹簧20d的偏置力，从而移置到关闭侧，弹簧的偏置力均匀地向着关闭侧施加。 When the solenoid is de-energized, the needle valve 20c is applied with the biasing force of the spring 20d, thereby displaced to the closing side, the biasing force of the spring is applied uniformly to the closing side. 当螺线管通电时，通过向针阀20c施加与弹簧20d的偏置力相反的驱动力而使针阀20c移置到打开侧。 When the solenoid is energized, the spring 20d by applying a biasing force to the needle valve 20c opposite to the driving force of the needle valve 20c is displaced to the open side. 针阀20c断电时的提起与针阀20c通电时的提起基本对称。 When lifting the needle valve 20c is lifted substantially symmetrical power off when the needle valve 20c.
 于是，可以由安装到喷射器20的燃料进孔22的压力传感器20a任意地检测燃料进孔22中作为进口压力的燃料压力。  Thus, the fuel can be arbitrary detected by the feed-hole mounted to the injector 20 into the fuel pressure sensor 20a of the hole 22 as a fuel pressure inlet 22 pressure. 具体而言，根据压力传感器20a的输出可以检测出由于喷射器20的燃料喷射、燃料压力水平(稳定压力)、燃料喷射压力等造成的燃料压力波动模式。 Specifically, the output of the pressure sensor 20a can detect the fuel pressure fluctuation mode due to the injection of the fuel injector 20, the fuel pressure level (stable pressure), fuel injection pressure and the like caused.
 压力传感器20a设置于喷射器20 (#1)到20 (#4)中的每一个上。  The pressure sensor 20a is provided in the injector 20 (# 1) to 20 (# 4) on each of. 在该结构中，可以基于压力传感器20a的输出精确检测出由于喷射器20的特定燃料喷射造成的燃料压力的波动模式。 In this configuration, based on the output of the pressure sensor 20a accurately detect the fuel pressure fluctuation mode due to the particular fuel injector 20 caused by injection.
 此外，在诸如四轮汽车或轨道车辆(track)(未示出)等的车辆中设有除上述传感器之外的用于车辆控制的各种传感器。  Further, provided with various sensors for vehicle control other than the sensor in the vehicle, such as a four-wheeled vehicle or a rail vehicle (Track) (not shown) or the like. 例如，在发动机的输出轴一曲轴41的外周提供诸如电磁拾音器等的曲柄角传感器42。 For example, such as an electromagnetic pickup or the like to provide a crank angle sensor 42 at the outer periphery of the output shaft of the engine a crankshaft 41. 将曲柄角传感器42配置成检测曲轴41的旋角和旋转速度，其对应于发动机旋转速度。 The crank angle sensor 42 configured to detect rotation angle and rotation speed of the crankshaft 41, which corresponds to the engine rotational speed. 将曲柄角传感器42配置成以预定时间间隔，例如30度CA输出曲柄角信号。 The crank angle sensor 42 arranged at predetermined time intervals, e.g. 30 ° CA crank angle signal output. 提供加速·器传感器44以检测对应于驱动器对加速器的压缩的操纵。 · Acceleration sensor 44 provided to detect a drive corresponding to the manipulation of the accelerator compression. 加速器传感器44用于根据对应于加速器位置的状态输出电信号。 Accelerator sensor 44 for outputting an electric signal according to a state corresponding to the accelerator position.
 ECU30如该系统中的燃料喷射装置一样进行发动机的支配性控制。  ECU30 as the system for a fuel injection device as dominant control of the engine. 作为发动机控制ECU的ECU30包括公知的微型计算机(未示出)。 An engine control ECU of the ECU30 includes a known microcomputer (not shown). ECU30基于各种传感器的检测信号判断发动机的操作状态和乘客的需求，由此响应于操作状态和乘客需求而操作诸如抽吸控制阀Ilc和喷射器20等各种致动器。 ECU30 based operating state and the occupant of the detection signal from the various sensors of the engine, whereby in response to passenger demand and operating state, such as the suction control valve Ilc operation and the injector 20, and other actuators. 于是，ECU30以适于各种状态的最佳模式执行各种与发动机相关的控制。 Thus, the ECU 30 executes various engine control related to the best mode for all states.
 E⑶30的微型计算机包括:作为主处理单元，执行各种操作的CPU ;作为主存储器，暂时存储数据、操作结果等的RAM ;作为程序存储器的ROM ;作为数据存储器的EEPROM ;备份RAM等。  E⑶30 microcomputer comprising: a main processing unit CPU performs various operations; as a main memory, for temporarily storing data, operation results and the like of RAM; a ROM as a program memory; a data memory EEPROM; backup RAM or the like . 备份RAM是这样一种存储器，即使在E⑶30的主电源用尽时，也从诸如车载电池等的备份电源定期为其供电。 Backup RAM is a memory, even when the main power supply E⑶30 exhausted, but also from the backup power source such as a vehicle battery or the like for periodic supply. 事先在ROM中存储与燃料喷射相关的各种程序和控制数据映象，并在诸如EEPROM等数据储存存储器中存储包括发动机设计数据的各种控制数据。 Previously stored in the ROM associated with the fuel injection control of various programs and image data, and stores various control data including design data of the engine such as an EEPROM data storage memory.
 在本实施例中,ECU30基于任意输入的作为检测信号的各种传感器输出，计算对作为输出轴的曲轴41要求的需求转矩和满足该需求转矩的燃料喷射量。  embodiment, the various sensors ECU 30 as a detection signal outputted arbitrary input calculated based on the required torque of the crank shaft 1 as the output shaft 41 and the fuel injection amount to meet the required torque in the present embodiment. 在该结构中，ECU30可变地设置喷射器20的燃料喷射量，由此控制每一个汽缸的燃烧室中燃料燃烧产生的发动机转矩。 In this configuration, ECU 30 variably set the fuel injection amount of the injector 20, thereby controlling engine torque in a combustion chamber of each cylinder of fuel combustion. 于是，ECU30将实际输出到曲轴41的作为输出转矩的轴转矩控制在需求转矩。 Thus, ECU30 actual output shaft torque to the crankshaft 41 as the output torque of the torque demand control.  亦即，ECU30根据该时刻发动机的工作状态和驱动器对加速器的操纵来计算(例如)燃料喷射量。  That is, ECU 30 according to the manipulation of the operating state and the drive timing of the engine is calculated on the accelerator (e.g.) a fuel injection amount. ECU30向喷射器20输出喷射控制信号(驱动量)，从而引导其在预定喷射时刻喷射对应于燃料喷射量的燃料。 ECU30 injection control signal (drive quantity) to the output of the injector 20, which is to guide the fuel injection amount corresponding to the injection of the fuel at a predetermined injection timing. 在该操作中，基于驱动量将发动机的输出转矩控制在目标值，该驱动量例如是喷射器20的打开时间。 In this operation, based on the driving amount of the engine output torque is controlled to a target value, for example, the driving amount is the opening time of the injector 20.
 众所周知，在柴油机中，在稳定工作时，设置于发动机吸入通道中的吸入节流阈(节流阈)被保持在基本完全打开状态，以便进一步抽吸新鲜空气并降低抽取损失。  As is well known, in a diesel engine, during stable operation, the engine is provided in the inhalation threshold throttle (throttle threshold) held in the channels is substantially fully opened state, in order to further reduce the suction of fresh air and extraction losses. 因此，主要操纵燃料喷射量来控制稳定工作时的燃烧状态。 Thus, the fuel injection quantity is mainly manipulated for controlling a stable combustion state of the work. 具体而言，主要在稳定工作时进行与转矩调节相关的燃烧控制。 Specifically, mainly in the steady torque adjustment work related combustion control.
 如下所述，参考图3描述根据本实施例的燃料喷射控制。  As described below with reference to FIG. 3 depicts an embodiment of the fuel injection control according to the present embodiment. 关于这一点，在存储装置中依次存储并根据需要依次更新在图3所示的处理中使用的各种参数值。 In this regard various parameter values, and sequentially stored sequentially updated as needed in the processing shown in FIG. 3 in the storage means. 存储装置可以是安装在E⑶30中的RAM和EEPR0M，或者是备份RAM。 Storage device may be installed in the RAM and EEPR0M E⑶30 of, or the backup RAM. 基本上，对于发动机的每一个汽缸的一次燃烧循环执行一次图3中的处理序列。 Basically, for each cylinder combustion cycle of the engine in a sequence execution processing in FIG 3 a. 通过执行E⑶30的ROM中存储的程序来执行图3中的处理。 Executes the processing in FIG. 3 by executing a program stored in the ROM of E⑶30. 亦即，通过执行该程序，在一次燃烧循环中向不工作汽缸之外的所有汽缸供应燃料。 That is, by executing the program, all the cylinders in a combustion cycle fuel supply does not work to the outside of the cylinder.
 在图3中所示的该处理的序列中，在步骤Sll处，读取预定参数。  In the process sequence shown in FIG. 3, at step Sll, the predetermined parameters. 预定参数可以包括当时的发动机速度、燃料压力、驱动器对加速器的操纵等。 When the predetermined parameters may include engine speed, fuel pressure, an accelerator manipulation of the driver or the like. 可以基于曲柄角传感器42的实际测量获得发动机速度。 Can be actually measured crank angle sensor 42 is obtained based on the engine speed. 可以基于压力传感器20a的实际测量结果获得燃料压力。 The fuel pressure may be obtained based on the actual measurement result of the pressure sensor 20a. 可以从加速器传感器44的实际测量结果获得加速器操纵。 Accelerator manipulation may be obtained from the actual measurement of the accelerator sensor 44.
 在随后的步骤S12，基于在步骤Sll读取的各种参数设定喷射模式。  In a subsequent step S12, based on the various parameters read in step Sll injection pattern is set. 根据相当于当时的发动机负载的曲轴41的需求转矩可变地确定喷射模式。 Engine load demand at the time of the torque of the crankshaft 41 is variably determined according to the mode corresponding to the injection. 例如，在单阶段喷射中，可变地确定单阶段喷射的喷射量(喷射时间)，作为喷射模式。 For example, in a single stage injection, the injection is variably determined amount (injection time) of a single-stage injection as the injection mode. 或者，在多阶段喷射中，可变地确定对发动机转矩有贡献的总喷射量(总喷射时间)，作为喷射模式。 Alternatively, in a multi-stage injection, the total injection quantity is variably determined to contribute to the engine torque (total injection time), as the injection mode. 于是，基于喷射模式设定喷射器20的命令值，作为指令信号。 Thus, the injector is set based on the injection pattern command value 20, as a command signal. 在该结构中，根据车辆状态等，与主喷射一起适当执行引燃喷射、预喷射、补喷射、后期喷射等。 In this configuration, according to the vehicle state or the like, an appropriate pilot injection is executed together with the main injection, pre-injection, post injection, post-injection or the like.
 例如，基于ROM中存储的预定的数据映象(例如用于喷射控制的数据映象)和校正系数获得该喷射模式。  For example, based on a predetermined data map stored in the ROM (for example, image data for injection control) and the correction coefficient to obtain the spray pattern. 可以将预定的数据映象代入方程。 Predetermined data map may be substituting into the equation. 具体而言，例如，可以进行试验而在预定参数的假设范围内事先获得最佳喷射模式(确认值)(步骤S11)。 Specifically, for example, it may be tested in advance to obtain the optimum injection pattern (validation value) (step S11) within a predetermined range assumed parameters. 可以在用于喷射控制的数据映象中存储所获得的最佳喷射模式。 Optimal injection pattern may be stored in the obtained image data for injection control. 例如，通过诸如喷射阶段、每次喷射的喷射定时和喷射时间等参数来定义该喷射模式。 For example, such as by injection stages, injection timing of each injection and the injection time and other parameters to define the injection pattern. 喷射阶段是一次燃烧循环中的若干喷射。 Injection stage is a number of injection one combustion cycle. 喷射时间相当于喷射量。 Injection time is equivalent to the injection quantity. 通过这种方式，喷射控制图表示参数和最佳喷射模式之间的关系。 In this way, the injection control map indicates the relationship between the parameters and the optimum injection pattern.
 喷射模式是从喷射控制图获得的，并利用校正系数加以校正。  The injection pattern is obtained from the injection control map and is corrected using the correction factor. 例如，通过将喷射控制图上的值除以校正系数来计算目标值。 For example, the target value is calculated on the value of the injection control map by the correction factor. 于是，获得了此时的喷射模式以及对应于该喷射模式且将要被输出到喷射器20的指令信号。 Thus, at this time it is obtained corresponding to the injection mode and the injection pattern and the command signal to be output to the injector 20. 例如，校正系数存储在ECU30的EEPROM中并分别加以更新。 For example, the correction coefficient stored in the EEPROM of the ECU30 and update, respectively. 在发动机工作期间，通过单独处理而相继更新校正系数(严格地讲，预定系数，多个系数)。 During engine operation, successively updated by a separate processing correction coefficient (strictly, predetermined coefficient multiple coefficients).
 在步骤S12中设置喷射模式时，可以针对喷射模式单独创建数据映象，每一个数据映象包括诸如喷射阶段等相同要素。  When the injection mode set in step S12, to create image data for the single injection mode, each image data comprises the same elements as the injection stage and the like. 或者，可以针对喷射模式创建数据映象，其包括一些或全部要素。 Alternatively, the image data can be created for the injection pattern, which includes some or all of the elements.
 在后面的步骤S13中使用以这种方式设置的喷射模式以及对应于该喷射模式的作为指令信号的命令值。  The value in step S13 after the command injection mode is used in this manner and corresponding to the injection pattern as the command signal. 具体而言，在步骤S13，基于作为指令信号的命令值控制喷射器20。 Specifically, in step S13, the command signal as a command based on the value of the injector 20 is controlled. 具体而言，根据输出到喷射器20的指令信号控制喷射器20。 Specifically, according to the instruction signal outputted to the injector 20 of the injector 20 is controlled. 在执行该喷射器20的控制之后终止图3中的处理序列。 3 in the processing sequence performed after the termination of the injector control 20 of FIG.
 接下来，描述在步骤S12中使用的喷射控制图的创建流程。  Next, a creation process of the injection control map used at step S12.
 基于检验结果创建该喷射控制图，该检验是在从工厂运输喷射器20之前进行的。  The test results based on the injection control map created, the test is performed from the injector 20 prior to factory shipment. 首先，针对喷射器20 (#1)到20(#4)中的每一个进行作为喷射特性检验的检验。 First, the injectors 20 (# 1) to 20 (# 4) each of the test carried out as a test of the injection characteristic. 之后，在作为存储单元(存储器单元)的IC存储器26中存储检验获得的个体差异信息。 Thereafter, the individual difference as a storage unit (memory unit) stored in the IC memory 26 to obtain inspection information. 个体差异信息表示每一个喷射器20的喷射特性。 Individual difference information indicates the injection characteristic of each injector 20. 然后，从每一个IC存储器26通过提供给E⑶30的通信单元31(图1、4)将个体差异信息发送给E⑶30。 Then, from each of the IC memory 26 by E⑶30 supplied to the communication unit 31 (FIG. 4) transmits information to the individual difference E⑶30. 该发送可以是非接触无线传输或有线传输。 The transmission may be a noncontact wireless transmission or wired transmission.
 以图4所示的模式进行喷射特性检验。  The injection characteristic examination performed in the mode shown in FIG. 首先，将喷射器20的顶端置于容器50中。 Firstly, the tip 20 of the injector 50 placed in the container. 然后，将高压燃料供应给喷射器20的燃料进孔22，由此将燃料从喷嘴孔20f喷射到容器50中。 Then, the high-pressure fuel supplied to the fuel injector 20 into the hole 22, whereby the fuel is injected from the nozzle holes 20f into the vessel 50. 在该检验中，可以利用图1所示的燃料泵11供应高压燃料。 In this test, the fuel pump may be utilized as shown in FIG. 111 high-pressure fuel supply. 或者，如图4所示，可以利用燃料泵52供应高压燃料，该燃料泵是专门为检验提供的。 Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, the fuel pump 52 can supply high-pressure fuel, the fuel pump is designed for providing the test. 图1所示的高压管路14和公共轨道12无需连接到安装在喷射器20上的压力传感器20a。 High-pressure pipe 1 shown in FIG. 14 and 12 without being connected to the common rail pressure sensor is mounted on the injector 20, 20a. 可以从为检验而提供的燃料泵11或燃料泵52直接为压力传感器20a供应高压燃料。 52 can be supplied directly to the high-pressure fuel pump from the fuel pressure sensor 20a or the fuel pump 11 provided for the test.
 为容器50的内周边提供应变仪51。  The strain gauge 51 is provided within the periphery of the container 50. 应变仪51检测由测试喷射导致的压力改变，并将其检测结果输出到测量仪器53。 Strain gauge 51 detects the pressure change caused by the test injection, and outputs the detected result to the measuring instrument 53. 测量仪器53包括由微型计算机等配置的控制单元。 Measuring instrument 53 comprises a control unit is configured by a microcomputer and the like. 测量仪器53的控制部分基于应变仪51的检测结果计算从喷射器20喷射的燃料的喷射速率，该检测结果表示喷射压力。 The control section 53 of the measuring instrument is calculated based on the detection result of the strain gauge 51 of the injector 20 from the injection rate of fuel injected, the detection result indicates the injection pressure. 如图4所示，测量仪器53输出指令信号，喷射器20的螺线管20b输入指令信号。 4, the solenoid output command signal measuring instrument 53, the injector 20 is input command signal 20b. 测量仪器53输入压力传感器20a的检测结果作为检测得到的压力。 The measuring instrument 53 inputs the detection result of the pressure sensor 20a as the detected pressure obtained.
 除了基于用应变仪51检测的喷射压力来计算喷射速率的变化之外，还可以从喷射指令的内容估算喷射速率的变化。  In addition to changes in injection pressure with a strain gauge 51 detects the injection rate calculated based on the addition, the injection rate may be estimated from the change in the contents of the injection instruction. 在这种情况下，可以省去应变仪51。 In this case, the strain gauge 51 may be omitted.
 图5示出了时序图，该时序图示出了驱动电流的变化、喷射速率的变化和检验过程中检测出的压力的变化。  FIG. 5 shows a timing diagram illustrating the timing of the change in drive current, changes in injection rate of change detected during inspection and pressure. 图5中最上方的曲线图示出了被发送到螺线管20b的作为指令信号的驱动电流。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing the top drive current to the solenoid 20b is transmitted as a command signal. 图5中的第二幅曲线图示出了喷射速率。 FIG 5 is a graph illustrating a second web injection rate. 图5中底部的曲线图示出了压力传感器20a的检测压力。 FIG 5 is a graph illustrating the bottom of the pressure detecting sensor 20a. 通过喷嘴孔20f的一次打开和关闭操作获得该检验结果。 Once opening and closing operation of the test results obtained through the nozzle holes 20f.
 在本实施例中，在多种检验条件中的每一种下进行这种检验，其中，在Pl时间点之前改变供应给燃料进孔22的燃料的压力PO。  In the present embodiment, in each test for such testing in a variety of conditions, wherein changing the fuel supplied to the fuel inlet hole 22 of the pressure PO in the time before the point Pl. 在多种检验条件下进行检验，因为喷射特性的变化不是根据喷射器20的个体差异唯一确定的。 Tested under a variety of test conditions, not because of changes in the injection characteristic according to the individual differences of the injector 20 is determined uniquely. 具体而言，喷射特性的变化也根据公共轨道12中的燃料供应压力而变化。 Specifically, the change in ejection characteristics also vary according to the fuel supply pressure in the common rail 12. 因此，在本实施例中，利用对燃料供应压力进行多种改变的多种检验条件下的实际测量结果，除了考虑到燃料供应压力导致的影响之外，还补偿了由个体差异导致的喷射特性变化。 Accordingly, in the present embodiment, using the actual measurement result in the multiple examination conditions of the fuel supply pressure of various changes, in addition to consideration of the influence caused by the fuel supply pressure, but also compensate for the difference in injection characteristic caused by the individual Variety.
 如下所述，参考图5中的第二幅曲线图描述喷射速率的变化。  The following, with reference to the second web graph of FIG. 5 described injection rate change. 首先，在时间点(通电开始时间点)Is开始对螺线管20b通电，然后在转变点R3开始从喷嘴孔20f喷射燃料。 First, at a time point (energization start time point) Is the start of the energization of the solenoid 20b, and then starts fuel injection from the nozzle holes 20f at the transition point R3. 于是，在转变点R3处喷射速率开始增加。 Thus, the transition of the injection rate starts increasing at a point R3. 亦即，开始实际的燃料喷射。 That is, actual fuel injection starts. 然后，在转变点R4喷射速率达到最大喷射速率，在此喷射速率停止增加。 Then, the injection rate transition point R4 reaches the maximum injection rate, the injection rate stops increasing herein. 在R3时刻开始提起针阀20c并在转变点R4达到最大提起量，因此喷射速率在转变点R4处停止增加。 At the start time R3 and reaches the maximum lift of the needle valve 20c in the lift amount of the transition point R4, and therefore the injection rate stops increasing at the transition point R4.
 在本说明书中，如下定义转变点。  In the present specification, the transition point is defined as follows. 首先计算喷射速率的二阶导数或压力传感器20a的检测结果的二阶导数。 First, the second derivative calculation of the second derivative of the injection rate or the number of the detection result of the pressure sensor 20a. 在表示二阶导数的波形中变化最大的点处的极值为喷射速率或检测压力波形的转变点。 At the point of maximum change in the waveform represents the second derivative extremum of the injection rate transition point or detected pressure waveform. 亦即，二阶导数波形的拐点是转变点。 That is, the second derivative of the waveform is the inflection point of transition.
 随后，在时间点Ie处终止对螺线管20b通电，之后在转变点R7处喷射速率开始减小。  Subsequently, the termination of the solenoid 20b is energized, then the injection rate transition point R7 starts decreasing at the time point Ie. 然后，在转变点R8处喷射速率变为零，在此实际停止了燃料喷射。 Then, the injection rate transition point R8 becomes zero, this actual fuel injection is stopped. 在时间R7处针阀20c开始被安放，在转变点R8处针阀20c被完全安放。 R7 at the time the needle valve 20c starts being seated at the transition point R8 needle valve 20c is completely seated. 此后，在转变点R8处喷嘴孔20f被关闭，终止实际的燃料喷射。 Thereafter, the nozzle holes at the transition point R8 20f is closed, the actual termination of fuel injection.
 接下来，参考图5底部的曲线图描述压力传感器20a的检测压力。  Next, with reference to the bottom graph of FIG. 5 described with the detection of the pressure sensor 20a. 转变点Pl之前的压力PO为定义为检验条件的燃料供应压力。 Pl pressure before the transition point PO is defined as a check condition of the fuel supply pressure. 首先为螺线管20b供应驱动电流。 First driving current is supplied to the solenoid 20b. 之后，在时间点R3处喷射速率开始增大之前，在转变点Pl处检测压力降低。 Thereafter, at time point before the injection rate starts increasing at R3, detected pressure decrease at the transition point Pl. 这是由在时间点Pl控制阀23打开泄漏孔24导致的，由此液压室Cd得以减压。 This is the point in time to open the leak hole controlled by valve 23 24 Pl caused, whereby the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is under reduced pressure. 然后，当液压室Cd得到充分减压时，从Pl开始降低的检测压力在转变点P2停止降低。 Then, when the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is sufficiently reduced pressure, Pl starts to decrease from the detected pressure stops decreasing at the transition point P2.
 随后，在转变点P3处检测压力开始降低，因为喷射速率在时间点R3处开始增加。  Subsequently, the detected pressure starts decreasing at the transition point P3, since the injection rate starts increasing at the time point R3. 随后，在转变点P4处检测压力停止降低，因为喷射速率在时间点R4处达到最大喷射速率。 Subsequently, the detected pressure at the transition point P4 of stops decreasing, since the injection rate reaches the maximum injection rate at the time point R4. 这里，转变点P3和P4之间的检测压力的降低大于转变点Pl和P2之间的检测压力的降低。 Here, the detected pressure decrease between the transition points P3 and P4 is greater than the reduction between the detected pressure transition point Pl and P2.
 随后，检测压力在转变点P5升高。  Subsequently, the detected pressure increases at the transition point P5. 这是由在时间P5控制阀23关闭泄漏孔24导致的，由此液压室Cd得以加压。 This is the time P5 control valve 23 to close the leak hole 24 of the lead, whereby the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is pressurized. 然后，当液压室Cd得到充分加压时，从转变点P5开始增加的检测压力在转变点P6停止增加。 Then, when the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is sufficiently pressurized, the transition point P5 starts to increase from the detected pressure stops increasing at the transition point P6.
 在创建喷射控制图时，首先基于从图5所示的检验结果获得的喷射特性计算个体差异信息Al到A7、B1、B2以及Cl到C3 (稍后描述)。  When the injection control map created, the injection characteristic obtained from the first test results shown in Figure 5 calculates the individual difference information Al to A7, B1, B2 and Cl to C3 (to be described later) based. 所获得的喷射特性包括图5中所示的检测压力的变化和喷射速率的变化。 The obtained injection characteristic includes the change in detected pressure variation shown in FIG. 5 and the injection rate. 在IC存储器26中存储所计算的各种个体差异信息。 Various individual difference information is stored in the IC memory 26 are calculated. 然后，将IC存储器26中所存储的个体差异信息发送给E⑶30。 Thereafter, the IC transmits the individual difference information stored in the memory 26 to E⑶30. E⑶30基于所发送的个体差异信息创建或修改喷射控制图。 E⑶30 create or modify the injection control map based on the transmitted individual difference information.
 接下来，详细描述个体差异信息Al到A7。  Next, a detailed description of the individual difference information Al to A7. 此外，参考图6、7描述个体差异信息Al到A7的生成过程以及向IC存储器26写入的过程。 Further, described with reference to FIG. 6, 7, the individual difference information generation process Al to A7 and the writing process to the IC memory 26. 在本实施例中，由测量操作员利用测量仪器53分别执行图6、7中所示的计算过程和写入过程。 In the present embodiment, the process 53 perform computations and write procedures shown in FIG. 6, 7 by a measurement operator using the measuring instrument. 或者，测量仪器53可以自动执行相当于图6、7中所示的过程的一系列过程。 Alternatively, the measuring instrument 53 may automatically perform a series of processes corresponding to the process shown in FIG. 6 and 7.
 压力传感器20a安装在喷射器20上。  The pressure sensor 20a is mounted on the injector 20. 在该结构中，压力传感器20a相对于燃料通道中的燃料流位于公共轨道12的下游，燃料通道从公共轨道12延伸到喷嘴孔20f。 In this configuration, the fuel pressure sensor 20a with respect to the fuel flow passage is located downstream of the common rail 12, fuel passage extending from the common rail 12 to the nozzle holes 20f. 亦即，压力传感器20a位于燃料通道中的喷嘴孔20f —侧。 That is, the pressure sensor 20a of the nozzle holes 20f in the fuel passage - side. 因此，可以从压力传感器20a的检测压力的波形获得由喷射速率变化导致的波动作为一种信息。 Accordingly, the waveform can be obtained from the pressure sensor 20a detects pressure fluctuation caused by the injection rate of change as an information. 这里，在压力传感器20a位于公共轨道12中的结构中可能无法获得因喷射速率变化导致的波动。 Here, the pressure sensor 20a is located in the common rail 12 in the structure may not be obtained due to fluctuations in the injection rate variations. 此外，如图5中的检验结果所示，检测压力的这种波动与喷射速率的变化有很高的相关性。 In addition, the test results shown in FIG. 5, this change in the injection rate and fluctuation in detected pressure has a high correlation. 因此，可以基于该相关性从检测压力波形的波动来估算实际喷射速率的改变。 Therefore, change can be estimated from the fluctuation rate of the actual injection pressure waveform based on the detected correlation.
 通过记录下喷射速率的这种改变和检测压力的波动之间的相关性的获取来定义个体差异信息Al到A7。  Al is defined to the individual difference information A7 by acquiring the correlation between the fluctuation of the detected pressure and the change in injection rate recording. 具体而言，个体差异信息Al到A7表示在喷射器20喷射燃料时的转变点R3、R8之间的时段内喷射速率(喷射状态)的改变与转变点P1、P8之间的范围内的压力传感器20a的检测压力的波动之间的关系，该波动归因于燃料喷射。 Specifically, the individual difference information A7 represents Al to the transition point R3 in the injector 20 injects fuel pressure within a period within a range between the injection rate (injection state) and the change between the transition point R8 P1, P8 of the relationship between the pressure fluctuation detection sensor 20a, the fluctuation being attributed the fuel injection.
 在图6的过程中，首先在SlO获得通电开始时间点Is处的检测压力PO。  In the process of FIG. 6, the detected pressure is first obtained in SlO energization start time point Is at PO. 在通电开始时间点Is，开始对螺线管20b通电。 In the energization start time point Is, began the solenoid 20b is energized. 接下来，在S20处获得归因于实际喷射开始R3的转变点P3处的检测压力。 Next, obtained due to the actual injection start R3 detected pressure transition point P3 at S20. 此外，在S20处测量从开始实际喷射启动的时间点R3 (第一参考点)到转变点P3的时间点过去的时间Tl (第一时间段)。 Further, at S20 the measurement of the actual injection start time from the start point R3 (first reference point) to the transition point P3 past time point Tl (first period) of time. 接下来，在S30处，计算压强差P0-P3，作为因从通电开始时间点Is到实际喷射启动的时间段中的泄漏导致的检测压力降低。 Next, at S30, pressure difference calculating P0-P3, as a result of reduction in the actual injection start time from the energization start time point Is to leak due to the pressure detected. 接下来，将过去的时间Tl和压强差P0-P3之间的关系定义为个体差异信息Al，并在S40将个体差异信息Al存储在IC存储器26中。 Next, define the relationship between the elapsed time Tl and pressure difference P0-P3 as the individual difference information Al, and Al S40 the individual difference information stored in the IC memory 26.
 通过类似流程在S21到S41、S22到S42以及S23到S43将个体差异信息A2到A4也存储在IC存储器26中。  By processes similar to S21 to S41, S22 to S42 and S23 to S43 to individual difference information A2 to A4 is also stored in the IC memory 26. 具体而言，在S21到S23获得分别归因于R4(达到最大喷射速率)、R7(喷射速率开始降低)和R8(实际喷射结束)的转变点P4、P7、P8处的压力。 Specifically, in S21 to S23 are obtained due to the R4 (maximum injection rate reach), R7 (injection rate decrease start), and a pressure R8 (actual injection end) of the transition points P4, P7, P8 at. 此外，在S21到S23测量过去的时间T2 (第二时间段)、T3 (第三时间段)和T4(第四时间段)。 Moreover, S23 to measure the elapsed time T2 (second period) in S21, T3 (third period), and T4 (fourth period). 过去的时间Τ2、Τ3、Τ4分别是从实际喷射启动R3(第二、第三、第四参考点)到转变点P4、P7、P8的时间段。 Elapsed time Τ2, Τ3, Τ4 are from the actual injection start R3 (second, third, fourth reference point) to the transition points P4, P7, P8 period.
 接下来，在S31，计算压强差P3-P4，作为因从通电开始时间点Is到喷射速率达到最大喷射速率的转变点R4的时间段中的泄漏和燃料喷射导致的检测压力的降低。  Next, at S31, pressure difference calculating P3-P4, as a result of the maximum injection rate reach the transition point from the energization start time point Is to the time period injection rate and the fuel injection R4 leak detection pressure decrease caused . 接下来，在S32，计算压强差P3-P7，作为因在从通电开始时间点Is到喷射速率开始降低的转变点R7的时间段中导致的检测压力降低。 Next, at S32, pressure difference calculating P3-P7, as a result of reduction in the lead starts to decrease from the energization start time point Is to the injection rate transition point R7 period detected pressure. 接下来，在S33，计算压强差P3-P8，作为因在从通电开始时间点Is到实际喷射结束的转变点R8的时间段中导致的检测压力改变。 Next, at S33, pressure difference calculating P3-P8, as a change in detected pressure caused from the energization start time point Is to the actual injection end point of the transition period caused by R8. 压强差P0-P3、P3-P4和P3-P7中的每一个都由表示压力降低(压力下降)的正值表示。 The pressure difference P0-P3, P3-P4, and P3-P7 is represented by each of pressure reduction (pressure drop) is represented by a positive value. 压强差P3-P8由表示压力增加的负值表示。 The pressure difference P3-P8 is represented by a pressure increase of a negative value.
 在S41，将过去的时间T2和压强差P3-P4之间的关系定义为个体差异信息A2。  In S41, the definition of the relationship between the elapsed time T2 and the pressure difference P3-P4 is the individual difference information A2. 在S42，将过去的时间T3和压强差P3-P7之间的关系定义为个体差异信息A3。 In S42, the relationship between the elapsed time T3 and the pressure difference P3-P7 is defined as the individual difference information A3. 在S43，将过去的时间T4和压强差P3-P8之间的关系定义为个体差异信息A4。 In S43, the relationship between the elapsed time T4 and the pressure difference P3-P8 is defined as the individual difference information A4. 在541、542、543，在IC存储器26中存储个体差异信息A2到A4。 In 541,542,543, are stored in the IC memory 26 individual difference information A2 to A4. 于是，出厂运输喷射器20之前的图6中的过程结束。 Thus, in the factory before shipping the injector 20 in FIG. 6 the process ends.
 在图7的过程中，首先在S50获得时间点Is处的检测压力PO。  In the process of Figure 7, first in S50 the detected pressure obtained at the time point Is PO. 在通电开始时间点Is，开始对螺线管20b通电。 In the energization start time point Is, began the solenoid 20b is energized. 接下来，在S60处获得归因于实际喷射开始R3的转变点P3处的检测压力。 Next, obtained due to the actual injection start R3, the detected pressure at the transition point P3 at S60. 接下来，在S70处获得归因于最大喷射速率抵达R4的转变点P4处的检测压力。 Next, in S70 at the maximum injection rate due to the detected pressure transition point P4 arrive at R4. 此外，在S70测量从归因于实际喷射启动R3的转变点P3到转变点P4过去的时间T5(喷射速率增加时间段)。 Further, in S70 the measurement from the actual injection start to the transition point P3 R3 due to the transition point P4 elapsed time T5 (injection rate increase period). 接下来，基于转变点Ρ3、Ρ4处的检测压力和时间段Τ5计算压力降低速率Pa (Pa = (Ρ3_Ρ4)/Τ5)。 Next, based on the transition point [rho] 3, and the detected pressure at the time Ρ4 Τ5 calculated pressure decrease rate Pa (Pa = (Ρ3_Ρ4) / Τ5). 接下来，在S80处，将喷射速率的增加速率Ra和压力降低速率P a之间的关系定义为个体差异信息A5，并将个体差异信息A5存储在IC存储器26中。 Next, at S80, the injection rate increase rate Ra and define relationships between the pressure reduction rate P a is the individual difference information A5, and the individual difference information A5 is stored in the IC memory 26.
 在S81，通过与S71类似的流程，也将个体差异信息A6存储在IC存储器26中。  In S81, and S71 through similar process, the individual difference information A6 is also stored in the IC memory 26. 具体而言，在S71处获得归因于喷射速率降低开始R7和实际喷射结束R8的转变点P7、P8处的检测压力。 Specifically, in S71 the injection rate reduction due to the R7 and R8 actual injection end of the transition point P7, P8 detects the pressure at the start. 此外，在S71处测量从归因于喷射速率降低开始R7的转变点P7(第六参考点)到转变点P8过去的时间T6(喷射速率降低时间段)。 Further, from the measurement at S71 reduction is attributed to the injection rate transition point R7 start of P7 (sixth reference point) to the transition point P8 elapsed time T6 (injection rate decrease period). 接下来，基于转变点Ρ7、Ρ8处的检测压力和时间段Τ6计算压力增加速率Py (Py = (Ρ7-Ρ8) /Τ6)。 Next, based on the transition point Ρ7, Ρ8 detected pressure and the time period is calculated at the rate of pressure increase Τ6 Py (Py = (Ρ7-Ρ8) / Τ6). 接下来，在S81处，将喷射速率的降低速率RY和压力增加速率Py之间的关系定义为个体差异信息Α6，并将个体差异信息Α6存储在IC存储器26中。 Next, at S81, the pressure decrease rate RY and the relationship between the injection rate increase rate Py [alpha] 6 is defined as the individual difference information, and the individual difference information in the IC memory 26 store [alpha] 6.
 此外，计算时间段(第五时间段)Τ5中导致的检测压力降低P β。  In addition, calculation time period (fifth time period) Τ5 caused in the detected pressure decrease P β. 第五时间段Τ5为从归因于实际喷射启动R3的转变点Ρ3的时间(第五参考时间)直到归因于最大喷射速率抵达R4的转变点Ρ4的时间段。 Fifth time period is up Τ5 attributed to maximum injection rate transition point R4 arrival period of time due to Ρ4 from (fifth reference time) of the actual injection start point Ρ3 R3 of the transition. 检测压力降低Ρβ与压强差Ρ3-Ρ4相同。 Detecting the pressure difference between the pressure reduction Ρβ same Ρ3-Ρ4. 因此，可以将在图6中的S41的过程中计算的压强差Ρ3-Ρ4用作检测压力降低P β。 Thus, the process of S41 in FIG. 6 calculates the difference Ρ3-Ρ4 pressure may be used as the detected pressure decrease P β. 将所计算的检测压力降低Ρβ和所计算的最大喷射速率RP之间的关系定义为个体差异信息A7，并将个体差异信息A7存储在IC存储器26中。 The calculated detected pressure decrease Ρβ relationships defined between the maximum injection rate and the RP is calculated as the individual difference information A7, and the individual difference information A7 is stored in the IC memory 26.
 接下来，详细描述个体差异信息B1、B2。  Next, a detailed description of the individual difference information B1, B2. 类似于个体差异信息Al到A7，利用测量仪器53执行个体差异信息B1、B2的计算过程和向IC存储器26的写入过程。 Al is similar to the individual difference information A7, using the measuring instrument 53 performs the individual difference information B1, B2 calculation process and the writing process to the IC memory 26.
 压力传感器20a安装在喷射器20上。  The pressure sensor 20a is mounted on the injector 20. 在该结构中，压力传感器20a相对于燃料通道中的燃料流位于公共轨道12的下游，燃料通道从公共轨道12延伸到喷嘴孔20f。 In this configuration, the fuel pressure sensor 20a with respect to the fuel flow passage is located downstream of the common rail 12, fuel passage extending from the common rail 12 to the nozzle holes 20f. 亦即，压力传感器20a在燃料通道中靠近喷嘴孔20f。 That is, the pressure sensor 20a is closer to the nozzle holes 20f in the fuel passage. 因此，可以获得由喷射速率变化导致的波动，作为来自压力传感器20a的检测压力的波形的信息。 Thus, fluctuations caused by the change of the injection rate can be obtained as information from the waveform of the detection pressure of the pressure sensor 20a. 这里，在压力传感器20a位于公共轨道12中的结构中可能无法获得由喷射速率变化导致的波动。 Here, the pressure sensor 20a is located in the common rail 12 in the structure may not be obtained by the injection rate fluctuations caused.
 如图5中的检验结果所示，在利用压力传感器20a检测喷嘴孔20f中导致的压力脉动期间，出现响应延迟(喷射响应时延)T1。  The test results shown in Figure 5, during the pressure pulsation caused in the detection by the pressure sensor 20a in the nozzle holes 20f, response delay occurs (injection response time delay) T1. 喷射响应时延Tl是从喷嘴孔20f中的出现压力波动到压力波动被传输到压力传感器20a的时间段。 Tl injection response time delay occurs from the pressure fluctuations in the nozzle holes 20f to the pressure fluctuation is transmitted to the pressure sensor 20a period. 类似地，从燃料开始从泄漏孔24泄漏的时间点到燃料开始泄漏导致压力传感器20a的检测压力波动的时间点出现响应延迟(泄漏响应时延)Ta。 Similarly, the fuel from the leak hole 24 from the point of time to the fuel leak start time points leak causes pressure fluctuations of the pressure sensor 20a occurs a response delay (leak response time delay) Ta.
 即使在相同类型的喷射器20中，也会在喷射响应时延Tl和泄漏响应时延Ta中导致个体差异。  Even in the same type of ejector 20, also in the injection response time delay Ta Tl and the leak response time delay caused individual differences. 个体差异归因于压力传感器20a的位置。 Individual differences due to the location of the pressure sensor 20a. 具体而言，个体差异信息归因于从喷嘴孔20f到压力传感器20a的燃料通道长度La(图2)、从泄漏孔24到压力传感器20a的燃料通道长度Lb (图2)、其通道截面面积等。 Specifically, due to the individual difference information from the nozzle holes 20f to the pressure sensor 20a of the fuel passage length La (FIG. 2), (FIG. 2), which cross-sectional area of ​​the passage from the leak hole 24 to the fuel passage length Lb of the pressure sensor 20a Wait. 因此，在基于喷射响应时延Tl和泄漏响应时延Ta中的至少一个进行喷射控制图创建和燃料喷射控制时，可以提高喷射控制的精确度。 Thus, based on the injection response time delay when the leak response Tl and at least one of the injection control map created delay Ta, and the fuel injection control, can improve the accuracy of the injection control.
 个体差异信息B1、B2是通过记录下这种喷射响应时延Tl和这种泄漏响应时延Ta的获取而定义的。  The individual difference information B1, B2 is recorded by the injection response time delay such that Tl and the leak response time delay Ta acquired defined. 具体而言，个体差异信息BI表示从开始实际喷射的时间点R3到归因于实际喷射启动R3的转变点P3的喷射响应时延Tl。 Specifically, the individual difference information indicates BI actually injected from the start time point R3 attributed to actual injection start R3 transition point P3, the injection response time delay Tl. 喷射响应时延Tl与过去的时间Tl (第一时间段)相同。 Injection delay time Tl Tl in the past (the first period) in response to the same. 因此，可以将在图6的S20的过程中计算的过去的时间Tl用作喷射响应时延Tl。 Thus, the elapsed time can be calculated in the process of S20 of FIG. 6 is used as the injection response time delay Tl Tl.
 个体差异信息B2表示从开始对螺线管20b通电的通电开始时间点Is到归因于从泄漏孔24开始燃料泄漏的转变点Pl的泄漏响应时延Ta。  The individual difference information B2 represents the start from the energization start time point Is to the solenoid 20b is energized due to a leak from the leak hole starts transition point Pl 24 of fuel leakage in response delay Ta. 在本实施例中，认为开始对螺线管20b通电的通电开始时间点Is与实际开始燃料泄漏的时间点相同。 In the present embodiment, the same as that of the start point of the energization of the solenoid 20b energization start time point Is and the actual start time of fuel leakage. 于是，分别将通过这种方式计算的喷射响应时延Tl和泄漏响应时延Ta定义为个体差异信息B1、B2，并在IC存储器26中存储个体差异信息B1、B2。 Accordingly, respectively calculated in this way by the injection response delay leak response time delay Ta, and Tl is defined as the individual difference information B1, B2, and 26 stores individual difference information B1 IC memory, B2.
 可以通过如下方式计算喷射响应时延Tl，而不是通过这种方式在S20的过程中检测喷射响应时延Tl。  can be calculated as follows by the injection response time delay Tl, in this way instead of detecting the injection response time delay in the process of S20 Tl. 具体而言，可以测量下文将要描述的体积弹性模量K以及燃料通道长度La、Lb。 Specifically, measured below the bulk modulus K and the fuel to be described passage length La, Lb. 随后，可以从体积弹性模量K和燃料通道长度La计算喷射响应时延Tl。 It may then be calculated from the bulk modulus K and the fuel passage length La injection response time delay Tl. 随后，可以从体积弹性模量K和燃料通道长度Lb计算泄漏响应时延Ta。 It may then be calculated from the bulk modulus K and the fuel passage length Lb leak response time delay Ta.
 体积弹性模量K相当于整个燃料路径中的燃料的体积弹性模量，整个燃料路径从高压泵Ila的出口lie延伸到喷射器20 (#1)到20 (#4)中的每一个的喷嘴孔20f。  The bulk modulus of elasticity K is equivalent to the bulk modulus of the fuel in the fuel path throughout the entire path extending from the fuel outlet lie Ila high pressure pump to the injector 20 (# 1) to 20 (# 4) each a nozzle hole 20f. 在特定流体中发生的压力变化中，体积弹性模量K满足公式ΛΡ = Κ.AV/V，其中ΛΡ:随着流体体积变化而产生的压力变化，V:体积，M:从体积V的体积变化。 Pressure changes in the particular fluid, the bulk modulus of elasticity K satisfies the formula ΛΡ = Κ.AV / V, where ΛΡ: as the fluid pressure changes resulting from the volume change, V: volume, M: volume from the volume V Variety. 系数K的倒数相当于压缩比。 The inverse of the coefficient K is equivalent to the compression ratio.
 如下所述，介绍基于通道长度La和体积弹性模量K来计算喷射响应时延Tl的一个范例。  The following describes an example of K calculated based on the injection response time delay Tl passage length La and the bulk modulus. 可以通过公式Tl = La/v来定义喷射响应时延Tl，其中燃料的流速为V。 By the formula Tl = La / v to define the injection response time delay Tl, wherein the flow rate of fuel is V. 可以基于体积弹性模量K计算流速V。 K can be calculated based on the bulk modulus velocity V. 类似地，可以通过公式Ta = Lb/v来定义泄漏响应时延Ta。 Similarly, Ta = Lb / v is defined by the equation leak response time delay Ta. 可以基于体积弹性模量K计算流速V。 K can be calculated based on the bulk modulus velocity V.
 于是，通过这种方式可以使用体积弹性模量K和燃料通道长度La、Lb来计算喷射响应时延Tl和泄漏响应时延Ta。  Thus, it is possible to use bulk modulus K and the fuel passage length La in this way, Lb calculating the injection response time delay Tl and leak response time delay Ta. 因此，可以将参数K、La和Lb定义为个体差异信息B1、B2，而不是喷射响应时延Tl和泄漏响应时延Ta，且可以在IC存储器26中存储参数K、La和Lb。 Thus, parameters can be K, La and Lb are defined as the individual difference information B1, B2, instead of the injection response time delay Tl and the leak response time delay Ta, and may be stored in the parameter K in the IC memory 26, La and Lb. 体积弹性模量K相当于第一参数和第二参数。 Bulk modulus of elasticity K is equivalent to the first and second parameters. 燃料通道长度La相当于第一参数。 The fuel passage length La is equivalent to the first parameter. 燃料通道长度Lb相当于第二参数。 The fuel passage length Lb is equivalent to the second parameter.
 接下来，参考图8到图12详细描述个体差异信息Cl到C3。  Next, with reference to FIG 8 to FIG 12 described in detail with the individual difference information Cl to C3. 类似于个体差异信息Al到A7，利用测量仪器53执行个体差异信息Cl到C3的计算过程和向IC存储器26的写入过程。 Al is similar to the individual difference information A7, using the measuring instrument 53 performs the individual difference information calculation Cl to C3 and the writing process to the IC memory 26. 图8示出了与图5中的检验结果类似地获得的检验结果。 Figure 8 shows the results of a similar test with the test results obtained in FIG. 5. 在图9到图12中的每一个中，上方时序图示出了作为喷射器20的驱动电流的指令信号，下方时序图示出了表示因指令信号而导致的检测压力波动的波形。 In each of FIGS. 9 to FIG. 12, the upper timing chart illustrating the driving current command signal as the injector 20, the lower timing chart illustrating waveforms represented by the command signal caused by fluctuations of the detected pressure.
 这里，为了执行多阶段喷射控制以在一次燃烧循环之内进行多次燃料喷射，必须要注意以下问题。  Here, in order to perform multi-stage injection control for the fuel a plurality of times within one combustion cycle of injection, we must be aware of the following problems. 如图8中的点划线Pe所包围的，前阶段喷射的波动模式和后阶段喷射的波动模式部分相互重叠，从而产生干扰。 Pe-dot chain line in FIG. 8 surrounded, and the fluctuation pattern of the former-stage injection stage injection fluctuation pattern partially overlap each other, resulting in interference. 具体而言，对应于第η次喷射的波动波形的波动模式与第m次喷射结束后伴随的波动波形的尾部重叠。 Specifically, corresponding to the fluctuation pattern of the fluctuation waveform of η injection overlaps with the tail end of the m-th injection of the fluctuation waveform attendant. 第η次喷射在第一次喷射之后。 Η second injection after the first injection. 第m次喷射在第η次喷射之前。 M-th injection prior to the injection η. 在本实施例中，第m次喷射为第一次喷射。 In the present embodiment, the m-th injection is the first injection. 下文中将波动模式称为喷射后波动模式Pe。 Hereinafter referred to as fluctuation mode after injection fluctuation pattern Pe.
 更详细地讲，当如图9所示进行两次喷射时，相对于图9中实线L2a所示的通电脉冲产生了由实线L2b表示的波动波形。  In more detail, when injection is performed twice as shown in FIG. 9, with respect to the energization pulse shown in solid line L2a in FIG. 9 generates a fluctuation waveform shown by the solid line L2b. 对于图23所示的两次喷射，在后阶段喷射开始时刻附近，仅归因于后阶段喷射的脉动模式和前阶段侧的前阶段喷射的脉动模式彼此干扰。 Twice for injection shown in FIG. 23, in the vicinity of the injection start timing phase, due to the pulsating mode only after the injection phase and the pulsation mode of the previous stage of the front stage side interfere with each other injection. 因此，难以识别仅归因于后阶段喷射的脉动模式。 Thus, it is difficult to recognize the pulsation pattern attributed only to the latter stage injection.
 如图10所示，当仅进行前阶段喷射时，相对于图10中实线Lla所示的通电脉冲产生了由实线Llb表示的波动波形。  As shown, when only the former-stage injection, with respect to the energization pulse shown by the solid line in FIG. 10 Lla generates a fluctuation waveform shown by the solid line Llb 10. 图11示出了分别表示图9中的波动波形的实线L2a、L2b,以及分别表示图10 中的波动波形的短划线Lla、Lib。 Figure 11 shows the solid lines indicate the fluctuation waveforms in FIG. 9 L2a, L2b, respectively, and the dashed line Lla fluctuation waveforms in FIG. 10, Lib. 如图12所示，可以从图9中波动波形L2b的对应部分中减去图10中的波动波形Llb，从而提取出仅归因于后阶段喷射的实线L2c所示的波动模式。 12, can be subtracted from the fluctuation in FIG. 10 corresponds to portion of the fluctuation waveform L2b in FIG. 9 LLB waveform, thereby extracting only be attributed to the solid line L2c post-stage injection fluctuation pattern.
 为了提取仅归因于后阶段喷射的波动模式L2c，需要个体差异信息Cl到C3。  In order to extract the fluctuation pattern L2c is attributed only to the rear-stage injection, the individual difference information need Cl to C3. 亦即，个体差异信息Cl到C3与喷射后波动模式Pe (图8)相关，该喷射后波动模式包括在压力传感器20a的检测压力波动波形中，该波动波形伴随一次燃料喷射。 That is, the individual difference information Cl to C3 and the post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe (FIG. 8) related to the post-injection fluctuation pattern comprises detecting a pressure fluctuation waveform of the pressure sensor 20a, the fluctuation waveform associated primary fuel injection. 参考图8，个体差异信息Cl表示喷射后波动模式Pe的幅度S，个体差异信息C2表示喷射后波动模式Pe的周期T7。 Referring to Figure 8, the individual difference information indicates Cl post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe, the amplitude of S, the individual difference information C2 represents the post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe period T7.
 个体差异信息C3表示由图8中的实线所示的部分波动模式Py。  The individual difference information C3 represents a portion of the fluctuation pattern shown by the solid line in FIG. 8 Py. 部分波动模式Py以短于图8中虚线所示的正弦波形Px的周期的周期出现。 Part fluctuation pattern Py appears at a cycle period shorter sine waveform Px shown in broken lines in FIG. 从幅度S和喷射后波动模式Pe的周期T7计算正弦波形。 T7 is calculated from the amplitude S and the sine waveform post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe period. 例如，可以通过从正弦波形Px的每一个对应部分中减去波动模式Py的每一个部分来获得个体差异信息C3。 For example, the individual difference information C3 is obtained by subtracting each portion of the fluctuation pattern Py from each corresponding portion of the sine waveform Px. 或者，可以将与衰减(例如喷射后波动模式Pe的衰减因数)相关的信息用作个体差异信息。 Alternatively, the attenuation (e.g., the attenuation factor of the post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe) as the information related to the individual difference information.
 优选地，在个体差异信息Al到A7、B1、B2、C1到C3的每一个中包括的值超过预定上限的情况下，判定导致了故障。  Preferably, the individual difference information Al to A7, B1, B2, the case where the value exceeds a predetermined upper limit C1 to C3 included in each of the determined cause of failure. 具体而言，例如，测量仪器53等可以判定在喷射后波动模式Pe的幅度S和周期T7超过其上限的情况下所导致的故障。 Specifically, for example, the measuring instrument 53 or the like may determine a failure in a case where the post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe exceed the amplitude S and the cycle T7 of the upper limit caused.
 如上所述，本实施例产生了如下有益效果。  As described above, the present embodiment produces the following advantageous effects.
 (I)在IC存储器26中存储作为个体差异信息B1、B2的喷射响应时延Tl和泄漏响应时延Ta。  (I) stored in the IC memory 26 as the individual difference information B1, B2 and the injection response time delay Tl leak response time delay Ta. 因此，可以在喷射控制图上反映出个体差异信息B1、B2，并可以根据该喷射控制图进行喷射控制。 Thus, the control can be reflected on the individual difference information of FIG B1, B2 in the injection, and can be injection control based on the injection control map. 因此，根据本实施例，与常规装置相比，可以以高精度控制喷射器20的喷射状态，常规装置将Tq-Q特性作为个体差异信息加以存储并利用预先存储的Tq-Q特性进行喷射控制。 Thus, according to this embodiment, as compared with the conventional apparatus, it can be controlled with high precision injection state of the injector 20, the conventional apparatus Tq-Q characteristic as individual difference information to be stored Tq-Q characteristic and using a pre-stored injection control .
 (2)在IC存储器26中存储个体差异信息Al到A7。  (2) stored in the IC memory 26 individual difference information Al to A7. 个体差异信息Al到A7表示在实际喷射启动R3和实际喷射终止R8之间的时间段中喷射速率(喷射状态)变化和转变点P1、P8之间的范围内压力传感器20a的检测压力波动(该波动归因于燃料喷射)之间的关系。 Al to the individual difference information A7 represents the actual injection start R3 and the actual injection end of the injection rate (injection state) the time period between changes and R8 transition points P1, P8 range between the pressure sensor detects the pressure fluctuations of 20a (the fluctuation due to the relationship between the fuel injection). 因此，可以在喷射控制图上反映出个体差异信息Al到A7并可以根据该喷射控制图进行喷射控制。 Thus, the injection may be controlled in part reflects the individual difference information of FIG Al to A7 and may be injection control based on the injection control map. 因此，可以以高精度`控制喷射器20的喷射状态。 Thus, the injection state can be controlled with high accuracy of the injector 20 '.
 (3)在IC存储器26中存储与喷射后波动模式Pe相关的信息，作为个体差异信息Cl到C3。  (3) in the store 26 after injection fluctuation pattern Pe IC memory associated information, as the individual difference information Cl to C3. 在该结构中，可以在喷射控制图上反映出个体差异信息Cl到C3，并可以根据该喷射控制图进行喷射控制。 In this configuration, the control can be reflected on the individual difference information of FIG Cl to C3 in the injection, and can be injection control based on the injection control map. 因此，可以以高精度控制喷射器20的喷射状态。 Thus, it is possible to accurately control the injection state of the injector 20.
 (4)在进行检验以获得个体差异信息时，在多个喷射器20 (#1)到20 (#4)被安装到发动机上的状态下，将喷射器20与对应的压力传感器20a组合。 State  (4) performing the test to obtain the individual difference information, a plurality of injectors 20 (# 1) to 20 (# 4) is mounted on an engine, the injector 20 corresponding to the pressure sensor 20a combination. 具体而言，例如，在该检验中将喷射器20 (#1)与汽缸(#1)的压力传感器20a组合。 Specifically, for example, 20 (# 1) and the cylinder (# 1) in this test in the injector pressure sensor 20a in combination. 因此，在个体差异信息Al到A7上反映出发动机实际工作中使用的压力传感器20a的检测特性。 Thus, the individual difference information A7 Al to reflect the characteristics of the pressure sensor 20a detects the actual operation of the engine used. 因此，可以以高精度控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。 Thus, it is possible to accurately control the injection state of the fuel injection valve.
 在本实施例中，准备主喷射器20m和主传感器20am，其不同于作为受检对象的喷射器20和压力传感器20a。  In the present embodiment, main injector 20m and prepared a main sensor 20 Am2, which differs from the subject as the object injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a. 主喷射器20m和主传感器20am相当于主装置。 Main injector 20m and the master sensor 20am corresponds to the master device. 事先通过检验测量主装置的特性以获得基准特性作为基准时间段。 Advance by measuring the characteristics of the master device checks to obtain a reference characteristic as a reference period. 测量喷射器20和压力传感器20a的每一个特性相对于基准特性的误差。 Measuring a characteristic of each injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a with respect to the reference characteristic error. 在作为存储单元的IC存储器26中存储所测得的作为个体差异信息的误差。 In the IC memory 26 of the storage unit storing the measured error as the individual difference information. 喷射器20和压力传感器20a分别相当于受检对象装置。 The injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a are respectively equivalent to examined object device.
 主喷射器20m的设计结构与作为受检对象的喷射器20的设计结构相同。  The main injector 20m is the same design structure as a design configuration of the subject object injector 20. 压力传感器相对于主喷射器20m的设计位置也与压力传感器20a相对于作为受检对象的喷射器20的设计位置相同。 Pressure sensor with respect to the main injector 20m is also the same design position of the pressure sensor 20a with respect to the design position of the object as the subject of the injector 20. 然而，喷射响应时延Tl等有变化，这是由两个喷射器中的个体差异、压力传感器20a中的个体差异、压力传感器20a的位置变化等导致的。 However, the injection response time delay Tl like change, which is a two injector individual difference, the individual difference of the pressure sensor 20a, the position change of the pressure sensor 20a as a result of. 在本实施例中，将这种变化定义为所述特性。 In the present embodiment, such variation is defined as the characteristic.
 在下文中，参考图13描述基准特性和误差。  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 13 described with a reference characteristic and error.
 图13中的点划线表示通过执行图4中的测量过程而获得的主装置的检验结果。 -dot chain line in FIG. 13 shows the test results by the host device 4 executes the measurement process obtained in FIG. 在图13中所示的范例中，如顶部和底部的曲线图所示，相位有偏移，使得主传感器20am的检测压力变化出现得早于实线所示的作为受检对象的压力传感器20a的检测压力的变化。 In the example shown in FIG. 13, as the top and bottom of the graph, the phase offset, so that the main sensor detects pressure variation of 20am appears earlier in the solid line shown as a pressure sensor 20a of the subjects' It detects changes in pressure. 在图13中的底部曲线图中，由附图标记Plm、P3m、P4m、P7m、P8m表示主传感器20am的检测压力变化。 At the bottom of the graph in FIG. 13, the reference numerals Plm, P3m, P4m, P7m, P8m a detection of the pressure change of the main sensor 20am. 转变点Plm、P3m、P4m、P7m、P8m分别对应于作为受检对象的压力传感器20a的检测压力变化的转变点P1、P3、P4、P7、P8。 Transition point Plm, P3m, P4m, P7m, P8m pressure sensors respectively corresponding to the subject as an object 20a change in detected pressure transition points P1, P3, P4, P7, P8.
 在图13的范例中，无效喷射时间段Tno是从向螺线管20b输出喷射开始指令信号的通电开始时间点到实际喷射开始点R3的时间段。  In the example of FIG. 13, an invalid injection period Tno is output to the solenoid 20b from the injection start instruction signal energization start time point of the time period of the actual injection start point R3. 在无效喷射时间段Tno中，主喷射器20m的无效喷射期Tnom与作为受检对象的喷射器20的无效喷射期Tno相同。 In the invalid injection period Tno, the main injector 20m and the invalid injection period Tnom of the subject as the object injector 20 is the same as an invalid injection period Tno.
 主装置具有指令-检测时延TIOm。  host device having instructions - detection latency TIOm. 指令-检测时延TlOm是从向螺线管20b输出喷射开始指令信号的通电开·始时间点Is到压力传感器20a的检测压力导致因燃料喷射开始而引起的波动的时间点P3m之间的时间段。 Instruction - detecting the output from the delay TlOm energization start time point Is open-start instruction signal to the solenoid 20b of the injector to the pressure sensor 20a detects pressure results in time between the time point P3m caused by the fuel injection start fluctuating segment. 在本实施例中，将指令-检测时延TIOm定义为作为参考时间段的参考时间段。 In the present embodiment, the command - TIOm detection latency period is defined as a reference as the reference period. 主装置的这种参考时间段TlOm是事先测量的。 This reference time period TlOm master device is beforehand measured. 此外，还测量包括对象喷射器20和作为受检对象的压力传感器20a的受检对象装置的指令-检测时延T10。 In addition, the instructions further comprising measuring means 20 and the subject target object as a subject target injector pressure sensor 20a - detection latency T10. 计算受检对象装置的指令-检测时延TlO相对于主装置的参考时间段TlOm的误差Λ TlO作为指令-检测误差。 Command calculating means subjects' - Tl2O detection latency period with respect to the reference time of the master device TlOm Λ TlO as a command error - detection error. 在IC存储器26中存储误差ΛΤ10。 26 is stored in the IC memory error ΛΤ10.
 首先，针对通过对主装置进行各种检验而获得的相容值(conformedvalue),适当创建喷射控制图。  First, a value for the compatibility of the master device obtained by a variety of tests (conformedvalue), creating the appropriate injection control in FIG. 接下来，根据IC存储器26中存储的指令-检测误差ΛΤ10校正适合主装置的喷射控制图。 Next, in accordance with instructions stored in the IC memory 26 - for detecting the error correction injection control map ΛΤ10 master device. 具体而言，通过校正喷射控制图使得喷射控制图中存储的喷射模式根据指令-检测误差Λ TlO提前或推后。 Specifically, the injection control map by the correction so that the injection control map stored in the injection mode according to an instruction - the detection error Λ TlO or push ahead.
 如上所述，根据本实施例，可以通过测量受检对象装置的指令-检测时延Τ10，根据相容值校正喷射控制图。  As described above, by measuring a subject instruction target device according to the present embodiment, - the detection latency Τ10, the injection correction value control map for compatibility. 因此，不需要对作为受检对象的喷射器20就图13中的中间曲线图所示的喷射速率进行检验。 Thus, as the subject does not need to subject the injector 20 to be tested injection rate shown in the middle graph in FIG 13. 因此，可以提高喷射控制图的准备过程中的效率。 Thus, the efficiency of the preparation process can be improved in the injection control map.
 在本实施例中，除了创建第二实施例中所述的喷射控制图之外，还检测受检对象装置的故障。  In the present embodiment, in addition to creating a second injection control map described in the embodiment, further an object of the subject device to detect faults.
 由测量操作员利用图4所示的测量仪器53进行与该故障检测相关的过程。  53 associated with the fault detection process by using the measuring instrument shown in FIG. 4 by the measurement operator. 图14示出了故障检测过程。 Figure 14 shows a fault detection process. 可以在制造工厂，在喷射器20与压力传感器20a安装在一起的状态下，在喷射器20出厂之前进行该过程。 Can, in a state where the injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a mounted together, the process is carried out prior to the injector 20 at the factory manufacturing plant. 或者，例如可以在喷射器20已运到市场之后，在进行各种维修工作和检查的服务工厂进行该过程。 Alternatively, for example, after the injector 20 has been shipped to the market, carrying out repair work and inspection of various services for the process plant.
 接下来，在作为第二测量流程的M11，测量作为受检对象装置的喷射器20的作为无效时间段的指令-喷射时延Tno 和指令-检测时延T10。  Next, in the process M11 as a second measurement, measurement instruction as a subject target device as the ejector 20 of the dead time period - injection time delay Tno and instructions - detection latency T10. 该喷射器20与作为受检对象的压力传感器20a安装在一起。 The injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a as the examined object mounted together.
 接下来，在M12，计算受检对象装置的指令-检测时延TlO相对于主装置的参考时间段TlOm的误差ΛΤ10。  Next, at M12, an object of the subject calculation instruction means - TlO detection latency period with respect to the reference time of the master device TlOm error ΛΤ10. 在M12，还计算受检对象装置的无效时间段Tno相对于主装置的基准无效时间段Tnom的误差Δ Tno。 In M12, also calculates the subject target device is invalid period Tno error with respect to a reference invalid period of the master device Tnom of Δ Tno.
 接下来，在作为故障判断流程的Μ13，当指令-检测时延TlO的误差Λ TlO大于预定阈值thTIO时，判定受检对象装置导致了故障。  Next, as the failure determination process Μ13, when the instruction - the error detection latency Tl2O is greater than a predetermined threshold value Λ TlO thTIO, the subject target device determining a failure cause. 此外，还判定喷射器20和压力传感器20a中的哪一个以如下所述的方式导致了故障。 In addition, the injector 20 is determined and the pressure sensor 20a in which a fault leads to the following manner.
 指令-检测时延TlO的误差Λ TlO包括无效误差和传感器误差。  instructions - the error detection latency Tl2O Λ TlO includes an invalid error and a sensor error. 无效误差归因于喷射器20的个体差异变化。 Invalid error due to the individual difference variation of the injector 20. 传感器误差归因于压力传感器20a的位置变化和压力传感器20a的个体差异变化。 Sensor error attributable to changes in the position of individual differences and the change in the pressure sensor 20a of the pressure sensor 20a. 在M13，考虑到无效误差和传感器误差，基于指令-检测时延TlO的误差Λ TlO和无效时间段Tno的误差Λ Tno来进一步判断喷射器20和压力传感器20a的哪一个导致了故障。 In M13, considering the invalid error and a sensor error, based on an instruction - the error detection delay Tl2O Λ TlO and invalid period Tno error Tno Lambda further determines which one of the injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a causes a failure. 例如，在判定受检对象装置导致故障的情况下，当无效时间段Tno的误差Λ Tno小于预定阈值时，判定压力传感器20a导致了故障。 For example, in a case where the determination result in failure of the subject target device, when the error Tno invalid period Tno is smaller than a predetermined threshold value Lambda determines the pressure sensor 20a leads to failure.
 基准波动模式如上所述，根据本实施例，能够容易地判定作为受检对象的燃料喷射装置已导致故障。  reference fluctuation mode as described above, according to the present embodiment can be easily determined as the target fuel injection device has led to failure of the subject. 此外，容易判断压力传感器20a中是否导致了故障。 Further, the pressure sensor 20a is easily determined whether the cause of failure. 在本实施例中，在不判断哪个装置导致故障的情况下，可以省去受检对象装置的喷射速率测量。 In the present embodiment, without determining which device caused the failure, the injection rate measuring device subject to be examined may be omitted.
 图15示出了根据本实施例的故障检测过程的流程。  FIG. 15 shows a flow of a fault detection procedure according to the present embodiment. 由测量操作员利用图4所示的测量仪器53进行该故障检测过程。 Shown in FIG. 4 by using the measuring instrument 53 for measuring the operator of the fault detection process. 可以在制造工厂，在喷射器与压力传感器20a安装在一起的状态下，且在喷射器20出厂之前进行该故障检测过程。 Can, in a state where the injector and the pressure sensor 20a mounted together, and the fault detection process is performed prior to the injector 20 at the factory manufacturing plant. 或者，例如可以在喷射器20已运到市场之后，在进行各种维修工作和检查的服务工厂进行该过程。 Alternatively, for example, after the injector 20 has been shipped to the market, carrying out repair work and inspection of various services for the process plant.
 首先，在作为测量流程的M20，测量作为受检对象装置的喷射器20的喷射响应时延Tl (参考图5)。  First, in the measurement process as M20, as measured ejector means ejecting subjects' response latency Tl (refer to FIG. 5) 20. 该喷射器20与作为受检对象的压力传感器20a安装在一起。 The injector 20 and the pressure sensor 20a as the examined object mounted together. 接下来，在作为故障判断流程的M21，当所测的喷射响应时延Tl大于预定阈值thTl时，判定受检对象装置已导致了故障。 Next, at M21 as a malfunction determination procedure, when the measured injection response time delay greater than a predetermined threshold value Tl thTl, the determination means it has resulted in the subjects' failures. 因此，根据本实施例，容易判断作为受检对象的压力传感器20a是否已导致了故障。 Thus, according to this embodiment, as easily determined whether the pressure sensor 20a of the subjects' has resulted in failure.
 本发明不限于上述实施例。  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. 可以任意地组合这些实施例的特征。 It can be any combination of these features of the embodiments.
 除了检测压力的降低和增加之外，还可以在IC存储器26中存储检测压力降低和增加的变化，作为个体差异信息AS。  In addition to the decrease and increase in detected pressure, 26 may also be stored in the detected pressure decrease and increase in the IC memory changes, as the individual difference information AS. 具体而言，例如，当在同样条件下执行多次图5中的检验时，在所获得的检测压力波动波形结果中可能导致变化。 Specifically, for example, when the test is performed multiple times in FIG. 5 under the same conditions, the waveform of the detection result of the pressure fluctuations can cause variations obtained. 例如，这种变化可以与个体差异信息Al到A7组合并可以进行存储。 For example, this change can be to the individual difference information A7 Al composition and may be stored.
 可以与个体差异信息Cl到C3 —起在IC存储器26中存储喷射后波动模式Pe的开始点，作为个体差异信息C4，其与喷射后波动模式Pe相关。  The individual difference information may be Cl to C3 - starting at the start point of fluctuation pattern Pe after the IC memory 26 stores the injection, as the individual difference information C4, which is related to the post-injection fluctuation pattern Pe. 优选地，开始点为压力传感器20a的检测压力波动波形中归因于实际喷射终止的转变点P8，该波动波形伴随着一次燃料喷射。 Preferably, the pressure sensor detects the start point of the waveform 20a of the pressure fluctuation attributed to the actual injection end of the transition point P8, the fluctuation waveform associated with the primary fuel injection.
 在上述实施例中，将第一到第四参考点定义为实际喷射开始点R3。  In the above embodiment, the first to fourth reference point is defined as the actual injection start point R3. 或者，可以将实际喷射开始点R3定义为另一时间点。 Alternatively, the start point R3 may be defined as another point in time the actual injection. 还可以与上述实施例不同，将第五和第六参考点定义为另一时间点。 May also be different from the above embodiment, the fifth and sixth reference point is defined as another point in time. 在上述实施例中，将从转变点P7到转变点P8的时间段定义为喷射速率降低时间段T6，并基于喷射速率降低时间段T6中的压力增量计算压力增加速率Py。 In the above embodiment, the period is defined from the transition point P7 to the transition point P8 as the injection rate decrease period T6, the pressure increase and decrease period T6, the injection rate calculated based on the pressure increase rate Py. 或者，可以将转变点P7到P8之间的时间段中包括的另一个时间段定义为喷射速率降低时间段，可以基于该喷射速率降低时间段来计算压力增加速率Py。 Alternatively, the period between the transition points P7 to P8 comprises another time period defined as the injection rate decrease period, the injection rate can be reduced based on the calculated time rate of pressure increase period Py. 类似地，可以将转变点P3到P4之间包括的另一个时间段定义为喷射速率增加时间段，可以基于该喷射速率增加时间段来计算压力降低速率Pa。 Similarly, another time period may be defined between the transition points P3 to P4 of the injection rate includes increasing the time period, which may be based on the injection rate increase period to calculate the pressure decrease rate Pa.
 在该实施例中，将IC存储器26用作存储个体差异信息的存储单元(存储器单元)。  In this embodiment, the IC memory 26 as a storage unit stores individual difference information (memory cells). 或者，可以将诸如利用QR代码(注册商标)的装置的另一种存储器用作存储单元。 Alternatively, the use of such a memory as the storage unit to another apparatus QR code (registered trademark).
 在上述实施例中，将作为存储单元的IC存储器26安装到喷射器20。  In the above embodiment, the IC memory is mounted as the storage unit 26 to the injector 20. 或者，可以将IC存储器26安装到除喷射器20之外的组件上。 Alternatively, the IC memory 26 is mounted to the assembly other than the injector 20. 优选地，在喷射器20出厂时，喷射器20与存储单元集成安装在一起。 Preferably, the injector 20 at the factory, the injector 20 and the storage unit are integrated with the installation.
 喷射器20可以设有压电致动器，而不是图2所示的螺线管致动器。  injector 20 solenoid actuator may be provided with a piezoelectric actuator, not shown in FIG. 2. 还可以使用直接作用的喷射器。 You can also use a direct acting injector. 在从泄漏孔24等无压力泄漏的情况下操作直接作用喷射器，且液压室Cd不是用于传送驱动力的。 Direct acting injector operation without pressure leak from the leak hole 24, etc., and the hydraulic pressure chamber Cd is not used to transmit driving force. 直接作用喷射器例如可以是近年来开发出的直接作用压电喷射器。 Direct acting injector developed in recent years, for example, may be a direct-acting piezoelectric injector. 在采用直接作用喷射器时，能够容易地控制喷射速率。 When using the direct acting injector, the injection rate can be easily controlled.
 在上述实施例中，将压力传感器20a安装到喷射器20的燃料进孔22。  In the above embodiment, the pressure sensor 20a is mounted to the fuel injector 22 into the hole 20. 或者，如图2中的点划线200a所示，可以将压力传感器200a安装到外壳20e之内，并可以检测从燃料进孔22延伸到喷嘴孔20f的燃料通道25中的燃料压力。 Alternatively, the 2-point chain line 200a as shown in FIG., A pressure sensor 200a may be mounted inside the housing 20e, and can detect the fuel inlet hole 22 extending from the nozzle to the fuel pressure in the fuel passage 25 holes 20f.
 此外，在如上所述的燃料进孔22与压力传感器安装在一起的情况下，与外壳20e的内部与压力传感器安装在一起的结构相比，可以简化压力传感器20a的安装结构。 Compared with the structure  Further, in the case where the fuel inlet hole 22 is mounted as described above, together with the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is mounted inside the housing 20e together, and simplifies the installation structure of the pressure sensor 20a. 另一方面，在外壳20e的内部与压力传感器安装在一起的结构中，与燃料进孔22与压力传感器安装在一起的结构相比，压力传感器20a的位置更靠近喷嘴孔20f。 On the other hand compared with the structure, the structure is mounted together with the pressure sensor inside the housing 20e is mounted with the fuel inlet hole 22 together with the pressure sensor, the location of the pressure sensor 20a is closer to the nozzle holes 20f. 因此，可以进一步正确检测喷嘴孔20f中的压力波动。 Thus, it is possible to further correctly detect the pressure fluctuation in the nozzle holes 20f.
 可以将压力传感器20a安装到高压管路14。  The pressure sensor 20a may be mounted to the high pressure line 14. 在这种情况下，优选将压力传感器20a安装到距公共轨道12预定距离处的位置。 In this case, the pressure sensor 20a is preferably mounted to a position a predetermined distance from the common rail 12.
 可以在公共轨道12和高压管路14之间的连接处提供流量调节单元，用于调节从公共轨道12到高压管路14的燃料流量。  14 may be provided at the junction between the flow rate adjusting unit for adjusting the fuel flow from the common rail 12 to the high-pressure line 14 in the conduit 12 and the high-pressure common rail. 配置该流量调节单元，当因为高压管路14、喷射器20等中的故障导致例如燃料泄漏，从而造成燃料过多外流时，用于阻断通道。 The flow rate adjusting means arranged, when the high-pressure pipe 14 because, the injector 20 and the like, for example caused by faults in a fuel leak, resulting in excessive fuel outflow passage for blocking. 例如，流量调节单元可以是诸如球单元的阀门单元，其被配置成在流量过大的情况下阻断通道。 For example, the flow regulating unit may be a valve element such as a ball unit, which is configured to block passage in the case of excessive flow. 可以采用通过集成孔口12a和流量调节单元而构造的流量阻尼器。 Flow regulating damper may be employed by integrating the orifice 12a and unit flow rate configured.
 压力传感器20a相对于燃料流可以位于孔口和流量调节单元的下游。  with respect to the fuel pressure sensor 20a may be located downstream of the flow orifice and the flow regulating unit. 或者，压力传感器20a可以位于孔口和流量调节单元中至少一个的下游。 Alternatively, the pressure sensor 20a may be located in the orifice and the flow regulating unit at least one downstream.
 根据上述实施例，在图4所示的检验中，利用应变仪51检测由测试喷射燃料改变的压力。  According to the above embodiment, the test shown in Figure 4, the use of a strain gauge 51 detects pressure change in the fuel injection test. 或者，可以使用设置在容器50中的压力传感器而不是应变仪51来检测压力。 Alternatively, a pressure sensor is provided in the container 50 instead of the strain gauge 51 to detect the pressure.
 在图4中所示的检验中，可以从压力传感器20a的检测结果(检测压力)变化估算燃料喷射速率的变化。  In the test shown in FIG. 4, the change in the fuel injection rate can be estimated from the detection result of the pressure sensor 20a (pressure detecting) changes. 此外，可以将估算结果与喷射速率的实际变化进行比较，该实际变化是利用检验用应变仪51或压力传感器获得的。 Further, the estimated result and the actual change in injection rate is compared, the change is actually tested using strain gages or pressure sensor 51 is obtained. 在这种情况下，可以将估算结果和实际变化之间的偏差反映在个体差异信息Al到A7、B1、B2、Cl到C3的创建上。 In this case, the deviation between the estimated and actual changes are reflected in the individual difference information Al to A7, B1, B2, Cl to C3 is created.
 可以任意地确定燃料压力传感器20的数量。  Number of the fuel pressure sensor 20 may be arbitrarily determined. 例如，可以为一个汽缸的燃料通道提供两个或更多传感器。 For example, two or more sensors may be provided for the fuel passage of one cylinder. 在上述实施例中，将压力传感器20a提供给每一个汽缸。 In the above embodiment, the pressure sensor 20a is provided to each cylinder. 或者，可以仅为一部分汽缸提供压力传感器20a。 Alternatively, it is possible to provide only a portion of the cylinder pressure sensor 20a. 例如,可以仅为一个汽缸提供压力传感器20a。 For example, it is possible to provide only one cylinder pressure sensor 20a. 在这种情况下，可以基于压力传感器20a的传感器输出来估算其他汽缸的燃料压力。 In this case, the fuel pressure can be estimated sensor output of the other cylinders based on the pressure sensor 20a.
 在检验中利用测量仪器53，或在喷射控制时、在内燃机工作期间利用ECU30来获得压力传感器20a的传感器输出，在上述过程中，优选以诸如20微秒的时间间隔获得传感器输出，以识别压力波动的趋势。  In the test using the measuring instrument 53, or at the time of injection control, during the work using the engine ECU30 obtains the pressure sensor 20a of the sensor output, in the above process, preferably in a time interval such as 20 microseconds to obtain a sensor output, to identify trends in the pressure fluctuations. 在这种情况下，该时间间隔优选短于50微秒。 In this case, the time interval is preferably shorter than 50 microseconds.
 除压力传感器20a之外，额外提供轨道压力传感器来检测公共轨道12中的压力也是有效的。  In addition to the pressure sensor 20a, the rail pressure sensor is additionally provided to detect the pressure in the common rail 12 is also effective. 在该结构中，除了由压力传感器20a检测的压力之外，还可以获得公共轨道12中的轨道压力。 In this configuration, in addition to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 20a, the rail pressure can also be obtained in the common rail 12. 于是，可以以更高精度检测燃料压力。 Thus, it is possible to more accurately detect the fuel pressure.
 还可以根据应用等任意更改发动机的类型和作为受控对象的系统配置。  and may also be configured as a controlled object to change the engine system according to any type of application. 根据各实施例，将该装置和系统应用于作为一个范例的柴油机。 According to various embodiments, the apparatus and system is applied to a diesel engine as an example. 或者，该装置和系统也适用于火花点燃式汽油发动机，具体而言，例如是直接喷射式发动机。 Alternatively, the device and system is also applicable to a spark ignition gasoline engine, specifically, for example, a direct injection engine. 在用于直接喷射式汽油发动机的燃料喷射系统中，提供用于高压存储汽油的输送管路。 In the fuel injection system for a direct injection gasoline engine, a delivery pipe provided for storing the high-pressure gasoline. 在这种情况下，从燃料泵向输送管路馈送高压燃料，并从输送管路向多个喷射器20分配高压燃料，并将其喷射到发动机的燃烧室中。 In this case, the fuel fed from the high pressure fuel pump to the delivery pipe, and the high-pressure fuel from the delivery line assigned to the multiple injectors 20 and injected it into the engine's combustion chamber. 在这种系统中，输送管路相当于蓄压容器。 In such a system, the delivery pipe corresponds to the pressure-accumulation vessel. 该装置和系统不限于用于控制直接在汽缸中喷射燃料的燃料喷射阀。 The device and system are not limited to the fuel injection valve for controlling the fuel directly in the cylinder. 该装置和系统可以用于将燃料喷射到发动机入口通道或废气通道的燃料喷射阀。 The apparatus and system may be used to inject fuel into the engine intake passage or an exhaust gas passage of the fuel injection valve.
 在第三实施例中，在误差ΛΤ10超过阈值thTIO的情况下，判定已导致故障。  In a third embodiment, in the case where the error ΛΤ10 thTIO exceeds the threshold value, it is determined has led to failure. 在第三实施例的该判定中，可以将阈值thTIO设置为可变值。 In the determination of the third embodiment, the threshold can be set to a variable value thTIO. 例如，可以根据测量参考时间段TlOm和指令-检测时延TlO时供应给喷射器的燃料压力以可变方式设置阈值thTIO。 For example, the measurement and reference time period TlOm instruction - a variable threshold provided thTIO fuel supply pressure detecting delay TlO to the injector.
 如上所述，根据上述实施例的第一方面，从蓄压容器(12)向燃料喷射装置供应燃料。  As described above, according to the first aspect of the embodiments described above, from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) supplying fuel to the fuel injection device. 该燃料喷射装置包括用于喷射燃料的燃料喷射阀(20)，燃料是从蓄压容器(12)分配的。 The fuel injection means for injecting fuel comprises a fuel injection valve (20), fuel is dispensed from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12). 该燃料喷射装置还包括压力传感器(20a)，其位于从蓄压容器(12)延伸到燃料喷射阀(20)的喷嘴孔(20f)的燃料通道(25)中，该压力传感器(20a)被配置成检测燃料压力，该压力传感器(20a)的位置更靠近喷嘴孔(200)和蓄压容器(12)中的喷嘴孔。 The fuel injection device further includes a pressure sensor (20a), which is located extending from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to the fuel injection valve (20) of the nozzle hole (20f) of the fuel passage (25), the pressure sensor (20a) is configured to detect the fuel pressure, the position of the pressure sensor (20a) is closer to the nozzle hole (200) and the nozzle hole accumulation vessel (12). 该燃料喷射装置还包括用于存储个体差异信息的存储单元(26)，个体差异信息表示燃料喷射阀(20)的喷射特性，喷射特性是通过检验获得的。 The fuel injection device further comprises a storage unit for storing individual difference information (26), the individual difference information indicates a fuel injection valve (20) of the injection characteristic, the injection characteristic obtained by testing. 个体差异信息包括表示喷射响应时延(Tl)和第一参数(La，K，Λ T10)中的至少一个的喷射响应延迟信息。 Individual difference information includes injection response time delay (Tl) and a first parameter (La, K, Λ T10) of at least one of the injection response delay information. 喷射响应时延(Tl)是从通过喷嘴孔(20f)开始燃料喷射的喷射开始点(R3)到压力传感器(20a)的检测压力中发生波动的时间点(P3)之间的时间段，该波动归因于燃料喷射的开始。 Injection response time delay (Tl) is the time period between the time point fluctuations from the injection start point (R3) through the nozzle hole (20f) starting fuel injection to the pressure sensor (20a) detecting a pressure (P3), the fluctuations due to the starting fuel injection. 计算喷射响应时延(Tl)需要第一参数(L a，K，ΛΤ10)。 Calculating the injection response time delay (Tl) a first parameter required (L a, K, ΛΤ10).  通过喷射燃料改变了燃料喷射阀的喷嘴孔中的燃料压力。  changing the nozzle hole of the fuel pressure in the fuel injection valve by the fuel injection. 在这种喷嘴孔中，压力波动与诸如实际喷射开始点、最大喷射速率抵达点等喷射状态具有很高的相关性。 In such a nozzle hole, pressure fluctuation such as the actual injection start point, the maximum injection rate of the injection state arrival point, etc. having high correlation. 发明人注意到这一问题并进行了研究，以通过检测压力波动来具体检测出除喷射量Q之外的喷射状态。 The inventors noted this problem and have been studied by detecting the pressure fluctuation is specifically detected injection state other than the injection quantity Q. 然而，在根据JP-A-2006-200378的装置中，作为轨道压力传感器的压力传感器位于蓄压容器处，用于检测蓄压容器中的燃料压力。 However, in the apparatus of JP-A-2006-200378 in accordance with the pressure sensor as the rail pressure sensor is located at the pressure-accumulation vessel for detecting the fuel pressure in the accumulator vessel. 因此，在蓄压容器内可能衰减因喷射造成的压力波动。 Thus, the pressure in the pressure accumulator injection vessel may be caused due to fluctuation attenuation. 因此，在这种常规装置中难以用足够的精确度检测压力波动。 Thus, in such conventional device it is difficult to fluctuation with sufficient accuracy the detected pressure.
 相反，根据该结构，压力传感器位于从蓄压容器延伸到燃料喷射阀的喷嘴孔的燃料通道中。  In contrast, according to the structure of the fuel passage pressure sensor located in the container extending from the pressure accumulator to the fuel injection valve nozzle hole. 压力传感器距喷嘴孔比距蓄压容器近。 The pressure sensor from the nozzle hole than the pressure-accumulation vessel near. 因此，在压力在蓄压容器中被衰减之前，压力传感器能够检测出喷嘴孔中的压力。 Thus, before the pressure is attenuated in the pressure-accumulation vessel, the pressure sensor can detect the pressure in the nozzle bore. 因此，可以以足够精度检测因喷射造成的压力波动。 Thus, a pressure fluctuation can be detected with sufficient accuracy caused by injection. 于是，可以基于检测结果具体检测出喷射状态。 Thus, based on a detection result detected by the specific injection state. 在该结构中，可以以高精度具体控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。 In this configuration, it is possible to accurately control the fuel injection of the injector particular state of the valve.
 这里，在利用压力传感器检测喷嘴孔中导致的压力波动时，响应会延迟一定时间段，该时间段从喷射孔20f中发生压力波动的时间点开始到压力波动被传输到压力传感器20a的时间点。  Here, when the pressure caused by the use of a pressure sensor for detecting the nozzle bore fluctuations, the response delay period of time, a time point the pressure fluctuation of the period occurs from the injection holes 20f is started to the pressure fluctuation is transmitted to the pressure sensor 20a the point in time. 因此，当如上所述利用压力传感器的检测结果检测喷射状态时，在从检测结果估算喷射状态时需要考虑到响应延迟时间(喷射响应时延(Tl))。 Thus, when the injection state is detected using the detection results of the pressure sensor described above, when estimating the injection state from the detection result need to take into account the response delay time (injection response time delay (Tl)). 然而，即使在相同类型的燃料喷射阀中，这种喷射响应时延(Tl)也具有个体差异，这种个体差异归因于压力传感器等的位置。 However, even in the same type of fuel injection valve, the injection response time delay (Tl) also has individual differences, the individual differences due to the location of the pressure sensor. 亦即，个体差异归因于从喷嘴孔到压力传感器的燃料通道长度。 That is, due to the individual difference of the fuel passage length from the nozzle hole to the pressure sensor.
 因此，在上述实施例中，存储单元存储表示喷射响应时延(Tl)的喷射响应延迟信息，喷射响应时延(Tl)是从通过喷嘴孔开始燃料喷射的时间点到检测压力中发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动归因于燃料喷射开始等。  Thus, in the above embodiment, the storage unit stores injection response delay represents (Tl) of the injection response delay information, injection response time delay (Tl) is the time from the point of fuel injection through the nozzle hole starts to detect pressure point fluctuates period of time, the fluctuation being attributed to start of fuel injection and the like. 喷射响应时延(Tl)是针对每一个燃料喷射阀进行检验获得的个体差异信息。 Injection response time delay (Tl) is the individual difference information obtained for each test a fuel injection valve. 例如，可以在该燃料喷射阀出厂之前获得喷射响应延迟信息(Tl)等。 For example, the response may be obtained prior to the injection of the fuel injection valve factory delay information (Tl) and the like. 可以将检验中获得的喷射响应延迟信息作为个体差异信息存储到存储单元。 Inspection injection response delay information may be obtained as the individual difference information to the storage unit. 于是，可以基于作为个体差异信息的喷射响应延迟信息(Tl)来控制喷射状态，个体差异信息是作为事先的检验的结果获得的，喷射响应延迟信息易于导致个体差异。 Thus, the delay can be controlled based on information (Tl) as the individual difference information in response to the ejection of the ejection state, the individual difference information as a result of prior tests obtained injection response delay information is liable to cause individual differences. 在该结构中，可以以高精度具体控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。 In this configuration, it is possible to accurately control the fuel injection of the injector particular state of the valve.
 这里，压力传感器的检测特性也具有个体差异。  Here, the detection characteristic of the pressure sensor also has an individual difference. 具体而言，即使在相同类型的压力传感器中，相对于相同压力的输出电压也可能不同。 Specifically, even in the same type of pressure sensor, it may be different with respect to the output voltage of the same pressure. 因此，在出厂前的检验中，当使用与实际安装到燃料喷射装置的该压力传感器不同的压力传感器进行检验时，可能在个体差异信息上不会反映出在内燃机实际工作期间使用的该压力传感器的检测特性。 Therefore, in the inspection before shipment, when different from the actual fuel injection device mounted to the pressure sensor test sensor, it may not reflect the pressure sensors used in an internal combustion engine during actual operation on the individual difference information detection characteristics. 鉴于上述内容，根据以上实施例，个体差异信息包括表示至少一个喷射响应时延(Tl)的喷射响应延迟信息。 In view of the above, according to the above embodiments, the individual difference information includes injection response delay at least one (Tl) of the injection response delay information. 亦即，执行对压力传感器的检测压力和燃料喷射装置的燃料喷射阀的组合的检验，并使用作为检验结果而获得的个体差异信息。 That is, a combined test is performed on the fuel pressure sensor detects pressure and fuel injection means injection valve, and using the individual difference information obtained as a result of test. 因此，在个体差异信息上反映出发动机实际工作中使用的压力传感器的检测特性。 Thus, reflecting characteristics of the pressure sensor detects the actual operation of the engine for use on the individual difference information. 因此，可以以高精度控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。 Thus, it is possible to accurately control the injection state of the fuel injection valve.
 根据上述实施例的第二方面，个体差异信息包括第一参数(La，K)。  According to a second aspect of the above-described embodiment, the individual difference information includes a first parameter (La, K). 第一参数(La,K)的至少一个是对象指令-检测时延(TlO)相对于基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)的指令-检测误差，基准指令-检测时延是主燃料喷射阀(20m)的主传感器(20am)的参考时间段。 The first parameter (La, K) is at least one target instruction - the detection latency (Tl2O) relative to the reference instruction - the detection latency (TlOm) instruction - detection error, the reference instruction - the detection latency is the main fuel injection valve ( 20m) of the main sensor (20 Am2) of the reference period. 通过检验作为受检对象的燃料喷射阀(20)和压力传感器(20a)获得对象指令-检测时延(TlO)，受检对象不同于主燃料喷射阀(20m)和主传感器(20am)。 Obtained by the target instruction as the subject test target fuel injection valve (20) and the pressure sensor (20a) - the detection latency (TlO), subject to be examined is different from the main fuel injection valve (20m) and the master sensor (20am). 对象指令-检测时延(TlO)和基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)中的每一个都是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到检测压力发生波动的时间点(P3，P3m)的时间段，该波动归因于通过喷嘴孔(20f)开始燃料喷射。 It is each time point fluctuation (P3, P3m) occurs from the time point (Is) outputs the injection start instruction signal to the delay detection pressure detected (TlOm) - The target instruction - the detection latency (Tl2O) and the reference instruction time period, the fluctuation being attributed to fuel injection through the nozzle hole (20f) starts.
 在该结构中，通过事先检测作为主装置的主喷射阀和主传感器的喷射状态作为已知值，可以基于已知值和指令-检测误差(ATlO)计算作为受检对象的燃料喷射阀的喷射响应延迟时间(Tl)。  In this structure, by beforehand detecting the injection state of the master device as the master injection valve and the master sensor as known values, and the command may be based on known values ​​- calculating a target fuel injection subject detection error (ATlO) injection valve response delay time (Tl). 已知值可以是图13中从通过喷嘴孔开始燃料喷射到压力传感器的检测压力发生波动的时间点的喷射检测时延Tlm，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的。 Known values ​​may be a point of time fluctuation occurring in FIG. 13 from the injection pressure sensor to detect the start of fuel injection through the nozzle hole detection latency Tlm, the ripple is caused by the fuel injection is started. 在这种情况下，可以将主装置的喷射检测时延Tlm加到存储单元中存储的喷射检测误差ATlO上，来计算响应时延。 In this case, the ejection detection latency Tlm main apparatus may be applied to the detection error injection ATlO stored in the storage unit, calculates the response delay.
 此外，根据第二方面，通过测量相容值并基于存储单元中存储的指令-检测误差Δ TlO校正相容值，可以容易地获得相对于作为受检对象的燃料喷射阀的相容值，相容值包括用于发动机的各种控制并与主装置相容的各种参数。  Further, according to the second aspect, by measuring the compatible value based on instructions stored in the storage unit - Δ TlO detection error correction value compatible, compatibility can be easily obtained with respect to the fuel injection valve as the examined object values, including values ​​of various parameters for compatibility with various types of control of the engine and is compatible with the master device. 例如，各种参数包括发动机旋转速度NE、相对于发动机负载的最佳喷射模式等。 For example, various parameters including the engine rotational speed NE, with respect to the optimum injection mode of the engine load and the like. 最佳喷射模式可以包括单次喷射中的喷射量、喷射时间等。 Optimum injection pattern may include injection amount of single injection, the injection time and the like. 最佳喷射模式可以包括多阶段喷射中每一个阶段中的喷射量、喷射时间等。 Optimum injection pattern may include injection amount of each of the multi-stage injection stage, the injection time and the like.
 根据上述实施例的第三方面，个体差异信息包括检验作为受检对象的燃料喷射阀(20)和压力传感器(20a)获得的无效误差和传感器误差中的至少一个。  According to a third aspect of the above-described embodiment, the individual difference information includes a fuel injection valve test subject is invalid object (20) and the pressure sensor (20a) and the error obtained at least a sensor error. 无效误差是相对于基准指令-喷射时延(Tnom)的对象指令-喷射时延(Tno)，该基准指令-喷射时延是主燃料喷射阀(20m)和主压力传感器(20am)的基准无效时间段。 Invalid command error with respect to the reference - injection delay (Tnom) of the target instruction - injection time delay (Tno), the reference instruction - injection delay is the main fuel injection valve (20m) and the master pressure sensor (20 Am2) invalid reference period. 通过从指令-检测误差(Δ T10)减去无效误差来获得传感器误差。 Sensor error is obtained by subtracting the detection error (Δ T10) Invalid error - by the command. 对象指令-喷射时延(Tno)和基准指令-喷射时延(Tnom)中的每一个都是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到喷射开始点(R3)的时间段。 Target instruction - injection time delay (Tno) and the reference instruction - injection time delay (Tnom) Each time point is the injection command signal (Is) from the output to the injection start time point (R3) is.
 指令-检测误差包括无效误差和传感器误差。  instructions - detection error includes an invalid error and a sensor error. 无效误差归因于喷射器的个体差异变化。 Invalid error due to individual difference variation of the injector. 传感器误差归因于压力传感器的位置变化和压力传感器的个体差异变化。 Change sensor error due to individual difference of the pressure sensor and the pressure sensor of the position change. 在图13的范例中，由于无效误差为零，因此指令-检测误差ΛΤ10等于传感器误差ΛΤ10。 In the example of FIG. 13, since the invalid error is zero, so the instruction - equal to the sensor error detection error ΛΤ10 ΛΤ10. 因此，根据第三方面(其中，除了指令-检测误差Λ TlO之外，还将无效误差或传感器误差存储在存储单元中)，还可以获得指令-检测误差和传感器误差中包含的无效误差项作为信息。 Thus, according to the third aspect (wherein, in addition to instructions - Λ TlO than a detection error, an error or invalid sensor error will be stored in the storage unit), an instruction may also be obtained - Invalid error detection and error term contained in a sensor error information. 因此，可以进一步以高精度具体控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。 Thus, particularly with high accuracy can be further controls the fuel injection valve during injection.
 根据上述实施例的第五方面，燃料喷射阀(20)具有控制室(Cb)，控制室具有燃料进孔(22)和泄漏孔(24)。  According to a fifth aspect of the embodiment, the fuel injection valve (20) having a control chamber (Cb), the control chamber having a fuel inlet aperture (22) and a leak hole (24). 将从蓄压容器(12)分配的燃料供应给燃料进孔(22)，燃料喷射阀(20)包括控制阀，将控制阀配置成打开和关闭泄漏孔(24)以便将燃料返回燃料箱。 From the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) is assigned a fuel supply to the fuel inlet hole (22), a fuel injection valve (20) includes a control valve, the control valve is configured to open and close the leak hole (24) for the fuel returned to the fuel tank. 燃料喷射阀(20)包括用于打开和关闭喷嘴孔(20f)的针阀，将控制阀配置成对控制室(Cb)中的燃料压力进行控制以操纵针阀。 The fuel injection valve (20) comprises a needle valve for opening and closing the nozzle hole (20f), the fuel pressure control valve arranged in pairs control chamber (Cb) is controlled to manipulate the needle. 个体差异信息包括表示泄漏响应时延和第二参数(Lb，K)中的至少一个的泄漏响应延迟信息。 Individual difference information includes leak response to at least one of the leak response time delay and a second parameter (Lb, K) of the delay information. 泄漏响应时延是从通过泄漏孔(24)开始燃料泄漏的时间点到压力传感器(20a)的检测压力发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动是由开始燃料泄漏造成的。 Leak response time delay is a period from the start of the fuel leakage through the leak hole (24) to the point of time period the pressure sensor (20a) detects the occurrence of pressure fluctuation, the fluctuation is caused by the start of fuel leakage. 计算泄漏响应时延需要第二参数(Lb，K)。 Computing a second leak response time delay required parameters (Lb, K).
 因此,在该结构中，存储单元存储表示泄漏响应时延(Tl)的泄漏响应延迟信息，泄漏响应时延(Tl)是从通过泄漏孔开始燃料泄漏的时间点到检测压力中发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动归因于燃料泄漏开始等。 Leakage  Thus, in this configuration, the storage unit stores a leak response time delay (Tl) in response to the delay information, the leak response time delay (Tl) occurs from the start point to the fuel leak through the leak hole pressure detected at the time fluctuations in the time period point of time, the fluctuation due to fuel leakage and other start. 泄漏响应时延(Tl)是通过检验获得的个体差异信息。 Leak response time delay (Tl) is an individual difference information obtained through the test. 例如，可以在该燃料喷射阀出厂之前获得泄漏响应延迟信息(Ta)等。 For example, it is possible to obtain the leak response delay information (Ta) and the like of the fuel injection valve before factory. 可以将检验中获得的喷射响应延迟信息作为个体差异信息存储到存储单元。 Inspection injection response delay information may be obtained as the individual difference information to the storage unit. 于是，可以基于作为个体差异信息的泄漏响应延迟信息(Ta)来控制喷射状态，个体差异信息是作为事先的检验的结果获得的，喷射响应延迟信息易于导致个体差异。 Thus, based on a response delay information (Ta) as the individual difference information leakage to control the injection state, the individual difference information as a result of prior tests obtained injection response delay information is liable to cause individual differences. 在该结构中，可以以高精度具体控制燃料喷射阀的喷射状态。 In this configuration, it is possible to accurately control the fuel injection of the injector particular state of the valve.
 根据第四方面，例如，计算喷射响应延迟时间(Tl)所需的第一参数(La，K)是从喷嘴孔(20f)到压力传感器(20a)的通道长度(La)。 The first parameter (La, K) required  According to the fourth aspect, for example, calculating the injection response delay time (Tl) from the nozzle hole (20f) to the pressure sensor (20a) a passage length (La).
 或者，根据上述实施例的第六方面，例如，计算泄漏响应延迟时间(Ta)所需的第二参数(Lb，K)是从泄漏孔(24)到压力传感器(20a)的通道长度(Lb)。  Alternatively, according to a sixth aspect of the embodiment, for example, computing a second leak parameter (Lb, K) required for response delay time (Ta) from the leak hole (24) to the pressure sensor (20a) of the passage the length (Lb).
 或者，根据上述实施例的第七方面，计算喷射响应延迟时间(Tl)或泄漏响应延迟时间(Ta)所需的第一参数的至少一个或第二参数的至少一个例如是整个通道中的燃料的体积模量，该通道从高压泵(Ila)的出口(lie)延伸到喷嘴孔，高压泵(Ila)向畜压容器供应燃料。  Alternatively, according to a seventh aspect of the embodiment, the calculation of the injection response delay time (Tl) or a first parameter required for the leak response time delay (Ta) of the at least one second or at least one parameter, for example, the entire channel the bulk modulus of the fuel, the channel extending from the high pressure pump (Ila) an outlet (Lie) to the nozzle orifice, the high pressure pump (Ila) to the pressure vessel for supplying fuel livestock.
 如下所述，介绍基于通道长度(La)和体积弹性模量(K)计算喷射响应时延(Tl)的一个范例。  The following describes an example calculation of the injection response time delay (Tl) based on the passage length (La) and the bulk modulus (K). 可以通过公式Tl = La/v来定义喷射响应时延(Tl),其中燃料的流速为V。 Injection response time delay may be defined (Tl) by the equation Tl = La / v, wherein the flow rate of fuel is V. 可以基于体积弹性模量(K)来计算流速V。 May be calculated based on the bulk modulus (K) velocity V. 类似地，可以通过公式Ta = Lb/v来定义泄漏响应时延(Ta)。 Similarly, Ta = Lb / v is defined by the equation leak response time delay (Ta). 可以基于体积弹性模量(K)来计算流速V。 May be calculated based on the bulk modulus (K) velocity V.
 在特定流体中发生的压力变化中，体积弹性模量K满足公式AP = K.AV/V，其中ΔΡ:随着流体体积变化而产生的压力变化，V:体积，Λ V:从体积V的体积变化。  In a specific pressure changes in the fluid, the bulk modulus of elasticity K satisfies the formula AP = K.AV / V, where ΔΡ: as the fluid pressure changes resulting from the volume change, V: volume, Λ V: From V is the volume change in volume. 系数K的倒数相当于压缩比。 The inverse of the coefficient K is equivalent to the compression ratio.
 根据上述实施例的第八方面，提供控制单元(30)以基于个体差异信息控制燃料喷射阀(20)。  According to an eighth aspect of the embodiment, there is provided a control unit (30) based on the individual difference information to control the fuel injection valve (20). 控制单元(30)在指令-响应时延(TlO)大于阈值时判定发生了故障。 The control unit (30) in the instruction - the response delay determination (Tl2O) is greater than the threshold value a fault has occurred. 指令-响应时延是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到压力传感器(20a)的检测压力发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的。 Instruction - response delay is the time point of the start command signal (Is) a pressure sensor (20a) is injected from the output to fluctuate period time point of the detected pressure, the fluctuation is caused by the fuel injection is started. 因此，在判定导致了故障的条件下，例如，可以不利用喷射响应延迟信息等，根据故障进行诸如喷射状态控制等操作。 Thus, under fault conditions led to the determination, for example, without using injection response delay information or the like, such as for injection control operation according to the fault state. 因此，可以增强压力传感器的鲁棒性。 Thus, robustness of the pressure sensor.
(20)的燃料压力上彼此不同，且每一个信息项与多种模式中的每一种相关并被保存。 (20) The fuel pressure different from each other, and each item of information associated with each of the plurality of modes and stored. 在该结构中，即使在根据供应给燃料喷射阀的燃料压力改变喷射响应延迟信息的情况下，也能够根据供应压力而基于喷射响应延迟信息控制喷射状态。 In this configuration, even when the pressure of the fuel supplied to the fuel injection valve changes the injection response delay information, and can be based on the injection response delay information according to the state of control of the injection supply pressure. 因此，可以以高精度控制喷射状态。 Thus, the injection state can be controlled with high precision.
 这里，根据第一方面，组合个体差异信息和安装到相应燃料喷射装置的压力传感器的燃料喷射阀，个体差异信息是作为检测压力的检验结果获得的。  Here, according to a first aspect, the fuel injection valve assembly and the pressure-sensor-individual difference information corresponding to the fuel injection device is installed, the individual difference information is detected as a result of the pressure test obtained. 因此，可以在个体差异信息上反映出内燃机实际工作中实际使用的压力传感器的检测特性。 Accordingly, the detection characteristics of the pressure sensor can reflect the actual work of the internal combustion engine is actually used on the individual difference information.
 因此，根据上述实施例的第十方面，将压力传感器安装到燃料喷射阀。  Thus, according to a tenth aspect of the above embodiment, the pressure sensor is mounted to the fuel injection valve. 在该结构中，可以防止将出厂前检验喷射特性所用的压力传感器安装到不同于对应喷射器的喷射器上。 In this configuration, it is possible to prevent the factory test pressure before the injection characteristics by the sensor is mounted to the injector different from the corresponding injector. 因此可以限制错误组装。 It is possible to limit errors assembled.
 此外，根据第十方面，在该结构中，与将压力传感器安装到连接蓄压容器和喷射器的高压管路的结构相比，压力传感器的位置更靠近注入孔。  Further, according to the tenth aspect, in the structure, and the structure of the pressure sensor is mounted to the high pressure line connected to the accumulator container and the injector as compared with the position of the pressure sensor is closer to the injection hole. 因此，与检测已经过高压管路衰减的压力波动的结构相比，可以更精确地检测注入孔处的压力波动。 Accordingly, the detection structure of the high pressure line has been attenuated as compared to the pressure fluctuations, the pressure can be more accurately detected at the injection hole fluctuations.  将压力传感器安装到燃料喷射阀上。  The pressure sensor is mounted to the fuel injection valve. 根据上述实施例的第十一方面，压力传感器(20a)位于燃料喷射阀(20)的燃料进孔(22)。 According to the eleventh embodiment of the above-described embodiment, the pressure sensor (20a) located in the fuel injection valve (20) a fuel inlet hole (22). 或者，根据上述实施例的第十二方面，压力传感器(20a)位于燃料喷射阀(20)中，用于检测从燃料进孔(22)延伸到喷嘴孔(20f)的内部燃料通道(25)中的燃料压力。 Alternatively, according to a twelfth aspect of the above embodiment, the pressure sensor (20a) located in the fuel injection valve (20), extending from the fuel inlet to the detection hole (22) to a nozzle hole (20f) of an internal fuel passage (25) the fuel pressure.
 此外，在如上所述的燃料进孔与压力传感器安装在一起的情况下，与燃料喷射阀的内部与压力传感器安装在一起的结构相比，可以简化压力传感器的安装结构。 Structure  Further, in the case where the fuel inlet hole is mounted with the pressure sensor as described above together, the internal mounting of the pressure sensor of the fuel injection valve compared together, it simplifies the installation structure of the pressure sensor. 另一方面，在燃料喷射阀的内部与压力传感器安装在一起的结构中，与燃料进孔与压力传感器安装在一起的结构相比，压力传感器的位置更靠近喷射孔。 On the other hand, in the configuration of the inside of the fuel injection valve is mounted with the pressure sensor in comparison with the structure of the mounting hole and the fuel intake pressure sensor, a pressure sensor, a position closer to the injection hole. 因此，可以进一步正确检测喷射孔中的压力波动。 Thus, it is possible to further correctly detect the pressure fluctuation in the injection hole.
 根据上述实施例的第十三方面，在从蓄压容器(12)延伸到燃料进孔(22)的燃料通道(25)中提供孔口(12a)，用于衰减从蓄压容器(12)流出的燃料压力的脉动，而压力传感器(20a)相对于燃料流位于孔口(12a)的下游。  According to a thirteenth aspect of the embodiment, there is provided an aperture (12a) extending from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to the fuel inlet hole (22) of the fuel passage (25) for attenuating the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) flowing out of the fuel pressure pulsation, the pressure sensor (20a) is located downstream with respect to the fuel flow orifice (12a) of. 在压力传感器位于孔口上游的情况下，检测已经通过孔口衰减的压力波动。 In the case where the pressure sensor is located upstream of the orifice, the orifice is detected by the pressure fluctuations have been attenuated. 相反，根据第十三方面，压力传感器位于孔口下游。 In contrast, according to the thirteenth aspect, the pressure sensor is located downstream of the orifice. 因此，可以在通过孔口衰减之前检测压力波动。 Therefore, pressure fluctuation can be detected through the orifice prior to attenuation. 因此，可以进一步正确检测喷嘴孔中的压力波动。 Thus, it is possible to further correctly detect the pressure fluctuation in the nozzle holes.
 根据以上实施例的第十四方面，存储单元为集成电路存储器(IC存储器)。  According to a fourteenth aspect, the storage unit of the above embodiment is an integrated circuit memory (IC memory). 因此，与利用QR代码(注册商标)相比，存储单元可以优选地增大存储容量。 Thus, as compared with using a QR code (registered trademark), a memory unit may preferably increase the storage capacity.
 根据以上实施例的第十五方面，燃料喷射系统包括上述燃料喷射装置。  The fuel injection device according to a fifteenth aspect, the fuel injection system of the above embodiment comprises. 该燃料喷射系统还包括蓄压容器(12)，其被配置成以预定压力蓄积燃料并将所蓄积的燃料分配到多个燃料喷射阀。 The fuel injection system further comprises a pressure-accumulation vessel (12), which is configured to a predetermined pressure accumulator and the fuel accumulated in fuel distribution to a plurality of fuel injection valves. 该燃料喷射系统能够产生以上多种效果。 The fuel injection system is capable of producing the above various effects.
 发明人想到，通过根据上述实施例的第16、17方面的方法可以容易地判断燃料喷射装置中所导致的故障，在该燃料喷射装置中压力传感器距喷嘴孔比距蓄压容器近。  The inventors thought that by the method according to the first aspect of the embodiments 16, 17 can easily determine the fault in the fuel injection device resulting, in the fuel injection device, the pressure sensor from the nozzle hole than the pressure-accumulation vessel near .
 具体而言，根据第十六方面，该方法包括通过执行检验来测量喷射响应时延(Tl)，喷射响应时延(Tl)是从通过喷嘴孔(201)开始燃料喷射的时间点(R3)到压力传感器(20a)的检测压力因开始燃料喷射而发生波动的时间点(P3)之间的时间段。  Specifically, according to a sixteenth aspect, the method includes a test is performed to measure the injection response time delay (Tl), the injection response time delay (Tl) is the point from the start of injection through the nozzle hole (201) of the fuel a time point (R3) to the pressure sensor (20a) for detecting the pressure fluctuation due to fuel injection is started and the time period between the occurrence (P3). 该方法还包括在喷射响应时延(Tl)大于阈值时判定燃料喷射装置发生故障。 The method further comprises determining a fuel injection device fails at the injection response time delay (Tl) is greater than the threshold value.
 当压力传感器的位置变化和压力传感器的个体差异超出可允许范围时，喷射响应时延(Tl)大于阈值。  When the position of the individual difference variation of the pressure sensor and the pressure sensor exceeds the permissible range, the injection response time delay (Tl) is greater than the threshold value. 因此，根据包括测量和判断的第十六方面，可以容易地判断压力传感器中导致的故障。 Thus, according to the sixteenth aspect comprises a measurement and determination of the fault can be easily determined due to the pressure sensor. 可以在出厂前在制造工厂以及在出厂后在进行维修工作和检查的服务工厂进行测量和判断。 Can manufacturing plants and service plants during maintenance work and inspections at the factory to measure and judge at the factory.
 因此，根据第十七方面，该方法包括通过对主燃料喷射阀(20m)和主传感器(20am)进行检验第一测量基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)。  Thus, according to the seventeenth aspect, the method comprises of main fuel injection valve (20m) and a main sensor (20 Am2) for measuring a first reference test instruction - the detection latency (TlOm). 该方法还包括通过对作为故障受检对象的燃料喷射阀(20)和压力传感器(20a)进行检验，来第二次测量对象指令-检测时延(TlO)。 The method further includes the fuel injection valve (20) and the pressure sensor (20a) as the examined objects malfunction subject to a second measurement target instruction - the detection latency (TlO). 基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)和对象指令-检测时延(TlO)中的每一个都是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到检测压力发生波动的时间点(P3，P3m)的时间段，该波动归因于开始燃料喷射。 Reference command - detection latency (TlOm) and the target instruction - the detection latency (Tl2O) each of which is from a time point (Is) of the output signal to the injection start instruction time point fluctuations of the detected pressure (P3, P3m) time period, the fluctuation being attributed to start of fuel injection. 主燃料喷射阀(20m)和主传感器(20am)分别不同于燃料喷射阀(20)和压力传感器(20a)。 Main fuel injection valve (20m) and a main sensor (20 Am2) are respectively different from the fuel injection valve (20) and the pressure sensor (20a). 该方法还包括，在相对于基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)的对象指令-检测时延(TlO)的误差(ΛΤ10)大于阈值时判定至少一个受检对象发生故障。 The method further includes, with respect to the reference instruction - determining at least one target subject upon failure detection latency (Tl2O) error (ΛΤ10) is greater than the threshold value - detection latency (TlOm) of the target instruction.
 当压力传感器的位置变化和压力传感器的个体差异超出可允许范围时，或者当由于燃料喷射阀的个体差异变化造成的指令-喷射延迟时间(无效时间段)变化超出可允许范围时，对象指令-检测时延(TlO)相对于基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)的误差(ΛΤ10)大于阈值。  When the individual differences in location of the pressure sensor changes and the pressure sensor exceeds an allowable range, or when the instruction due to variations in individual differences of the fuel injection valve caused by - the injection delay time (invalid period) changes beyond the allowable range, target instruction - the detection latency (Tl2O) relative to the reference instruction - the detection latency (TlOm) error (ΛΤ10) is greater than the threshold value.
 因此，根据包括测量和判断的第十七方面，可以容易地判断压力传感器或燃料喷射阀中导致的故障。  Thus, according to a seventeenth aspect comprises a measurement and determination of the fault can be easily determined a pressure sensor or the fuel injection valve caused. 可以在出厂前在制造工厂以及在出厂后在进行维修工作和检查的服务工厂进行测量和判断。 Can manufacturing plants and service plants during maintenance work and inspections at the factory to measure and judge at the factory.
 可以酌情组合各实施例的以上结构。 The above structure of the embodiment  various embodiments may be combined as appropriate. 诸如计算和判断等的上述处理不限于由ECU30执行。 And the like, such as calculations and determinations are not limited to the above-described processing performed by the ECU30. 控制单元可以具有各种结构，包括被作为范例示出的ECU30。 The control unit may have various structures, including ECU30 is shown as an example.
 可以由软件、电路等中的任一种或其任意组合来执行诸如计算和判断等上述处理。  the above-described process may be performed such as calculations and determinations are made and so any one or any combination of software, circuit or the like. 该软件可以存储在存储介质中，并可以经由诸如网络装置的传输装置进行传输。 The software may be stored in a storage medium, and may be transmitted via a transmission device such as a network device. 该电路可以是集成电路，并可以是诸如利用电气或电子元件等配置的硬件逻辑的分立电路。 The circuit may be an integrated circuit, and may be such as with electrical or electronic components arranged at discrete hardware logic circuit. 生产上述配置的元件可以是离散元件且可以部分或全部集成。 Producing the above configuration elements may be discrete elements and may be partially or fully integrated.
 应当认识到，尽管在此将本发明的实施例的过程描述为包括特定的步骤序列，但包括这些步骤的其他各种序列和/或这里未披露的额外步骤的其他可选实施例也将落在本发明的步骤之内。  It should be appreciated that, although in this embodiment the process of the present invention is described as including a particular sequence of steps, but includes various other sequences of these steps and / or other optional additional steps not disclosed herein in Example the steps also falls within the present invention.
 在不脱离本发明精神的情况下可以对上述实施例作出各种修改和变化。  Various modifications and variations may be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the spirit of the invention.
1.一种燃料喷射装置，从蓄压容器(12)向所述燃料喷射装置供应燃料，所述燃料喷射装置包括: 燃料喷射阀(20)，用于喷射从所述蓄压容器(12)分配的燃料； 安装到所述燃料喷射阀(20)且用于检测燃料压力的压力传感器(20a)； IC存储器(26)，该IC存储器(26)是安装到所述燃料喷射阀(20)的集成电路，用于存储个体差异信息，所述个体差异信息表示所述燃料喷射阀(20)的喷射特性，所述喷射特性是通过利用所述压力传感器(20a)进行检验获得的，所述检验是在从工厂运输所述燃料喷射装置之前进行的； 其中所述个体差异信息包括喷射响应延迟信息，该喷射响应延迟信息表示喷射响应时延(Tl)和第一参数(La，K，Λ T10)中的至少一个， 所述喷射响应时延(Tl)是从通过所述喷嘴孔(20f)开始燃料喷射的喷射开始点(R3)到所述压力传感器(20a)的检测压力中发生波动的时间点(P3)之间的 1. A fuel injection apparatus, from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to the fuel injection device for supplying fuel, the fuel injection device comprising: a fuel injection valve (20), for ejecting from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) dispensing fuel; mounted to the pressure sensor (20a) of the fuel injection valve (20) and for detecting fuel pressure; IC memory (26), the IC memory (26) is mounted to the fuel injection valve (20) the integrated circuit for storing individual difference information, the individual difference information indicates the fuel injection valve (20) of the injection characteristic, the injection characteristic is obtained by the inspection using the pressure sensor (20a), the tests are carried out in the factory prior to shipping from the fuel injection means; wherein the individual difference information includes injection response delay information, injection response delay information indicates that the injection response time delay (Tl) and a first parameter (La, K, Λ T10) at least one of the injection response time delay (Tl) is a fluctuation occurs from the injection start point (R3) through the nozzle hole (20f) starting fuel injection to the pressure sensor (20a) detecting pressure between a time point (P3) 时间段，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的，并且计算所述喷射响应时延(Tl)需要所述第一参数(La，K，ΛΤ10)。 Period, the ripple is caused by the fuel injection is started, and calculating the injection response time delay (Tl) requires the first parameter (La, K, ΛΤ10).
2.根据权利要求1所述的燃料喷射装置， 其中所述燃料喷射阀(20 )具有控制室(Cb)，所述控制室具有燃料进孔(22)和泄漏孔(24)， 将从所述蓄压容器(12)分配的燃料供应给所述燃料进孔(22)，所述燃料喷射阀(20)包括控制阀，将所述控制阀配置成打开和关闭所述泄漏孔(24)，以便将燃料返回燃料箱， 所述燃料喷射阀(20)包括用于打开和关闭所述喷嘴孔(20f)的针阀，将所述控制阀配置成控制所述控制室(Cb)中的燃料压力，以操纵所述针阀， 所述个体差异信息包括表示泄漏响应时延和第二参数(Lb，K)中的至少一个的泄漏响应延迟信息， 所述泄漏响应时延是从通过所述泄漏孔(24)开始燃料漏泄的时间点到所述压力传感器(20a)的检测压力发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动是由开始燃料漏泄造成的，并且计算所述泄漏响应时延需要所述第二参数(Lb，K)。 The fuel injection device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel injection valve (20) having a control chamber (Cb), said control chamber having a fuel inlet aperture (22) and a leak hole (24), from the said pressure-accumulation vessel (12) is assigned a fuel supply to the fuel inlet hole (22), the fuel injection valve (20) includes a control valve, the control valve is configured to open and close the leak hole (24) to the fuel returned to the fuel tank, the fuel injection valve (20) comprises means for opening and closing the nozzle hole (20f) of the needle valve, the control valve will be arranged to control the control chamber (Cb) of fuel pressure, to manipulate the needle valve, the individual difference information includes at least the leakage of a leak response time delay and a second parameter (Lb, K) in response to delay information, from the leak response time delay by the said leak hole (24) points to the start of the fuel leakage period time point of time the pressure sensor (20a) detects the occurrence of pressure fluctuation, the fluctuation is caused by the start of fuel leak, and calculating the leak response time delay It requires the second parameter (Lb, K).
3.根据权利要求2所述的燃料喷射装置，其中所述第二参数(Lb，K)中的至少一个是从所述泄漏孔(24)到所述压力传感器(20a)的通道长度(Lb)。 Channel length (Lb 3. The fuel injection device according to claim 2, wherein the second parameter (Lb, K) is at least one from the leak hole (24) to the pressure sensor (20a) of ).
4.一种燃料喷射装置，从蓄压容器(12)向所述燃料喷射装置供应燃料，所述燃料喷射装置包括: 燃料喷射阀(20)，用于喷射从所述蓄压容器(12)分配的燃料； 位于燃料通道(25)中的压力传感器(20a)，所述燃料通道(25)从所述蓄压容器(12)延伸到所述燃料喷射阀(20)的喷嘴孔(20f)，所述压力传感器(20a)距所述喷嘴孔(20f)比距所述蓄压容器(12)近，且用于检测燃料压力； 用于存储个体差异信息的存储单元(26)，所述个体差异信息表示所述燃料喷射阀(20)的喷射特性，所述喷射特性是通过检验获得的，所述检验是在从工厂运输所述燃料喷射装置之前进行的； 其中所述燃料喷射阀(20)具有控制室(Cb)，所述控制室具有燃料进孔(22)和泄漏孔(24)，将从所述蓄压容器(12)分配的燃料供应给所述燃料进孔(22)，所述燃料喷射阀(20)包括控制阀，将所述控制阀配置成打开和关闭所述泄漏孔(2 A fuel injection device from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to the fuel injection device for supplying fuel, the fuel injection device comprising: a fuel injection valve (20), for ejecting from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) dispensing fuel; the fuel passage pressure sensor (25) (20a), said fuel passage (25) extending from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to the fuel injection valve (20) of the nozzle hole (20f) the pressure sensor (20a) from the nozzle hole (20f) than to near the pressure-accumulation vessel (12), and for detecting a fuel pressure; a storage unit (26) stores individual difference information, the the individual difference information indicates the fuel injection valve (20) of the injection characteristic, the injection characteristics obtained by inspection, the inspection is performed before factory shipment from the fuel injection means; wherein the fuel injection valve ( 20) having a control chamber (Cb), said control chamber having a fuel inlet aperture (22) and a leak hole (24), from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) assigned to the fuel supply of the fuel inlet aperture (22) the fuel injection valve (20) includes a control valve, the control of the leak hole valve is configured to open and close (2 4)，以便将燃料返回燃料箱， 所述燃料喷射阀(20)包括用于打开和关闭所述喷嘴孔(20f)的针阀，将所述控制阀配置成控制所述控制室(Cb)中的燃料压力，以操纵所述针阀， 所述个体差异信息包括喷射响应延迟信息，该喷射响应延迟信息表示喷射响应时延(Tl)和第一参数(La，K，Λ T10)中的至少一个， 所述喷射响应时延(Tl)是从通过所述喷嘴孔(20f)开始燃料喷射的喷射开始点(R3)到所述压力传感器(20a)的检测压力中发生波动的时间点(P3)之间的时间段，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的，并且计算所述喷射响应时延(Tl)需要所述第一参数(La，K，ΔΤ10), 所述个体差异信息还包括表示泄漏响应时延和第二参数(Lb，K)中的至少一个的泄漏响应延迟信息， 所述泄漏响应时延是从通过所述泄漏孔(24)开始燃料漏泄的时间点到所述压力传感器(20a)的检测压力发生波动的时间点的时 4), so that the fuel returned to the fuel tank, the fuel injection valve (20) comprises means for opening and closing the nozzle hole (20f) of the needle valve, the control valve is configured to control the control chamber (Cb) the fuel pressure, to manipulate the needle valve, the individual difference information includes injection response delay information, injection response delay information indicates that the injection response time delay (Tl) and a first parameter (La, K, Λ T10) of at least one of an injection response time delay (Tl) is the time point fluctuations from the injection start point (R3) through the nozzle hole (20f) starting fuel injection to the pressure sensor (20a) detecting pressure ( period between P3), which fluctuations are caused by the fuel injection is started, and calculating the injection response time delay (Tl) requires the first parameter (La, K, ΔΤ10), the individual difference information further comprises represents at least one leak leak response time delay and a second parameter (Lb, K) in response to delay information, the leak response time delay from a point through the leak hole (24) of the start time of the fuel leak to the pressure when a sensor (20a) detects the pressure fluctuations of an occurrence time point 段，该波动是由开始燃料漏泄造成的，并且计算所述泄漏响应时延需要所述第二参数(Lb，K)。 Section, the ripple is caused by the start of fuel leak, the leak response time delay and calculates the second parameter need (Lb, K).
5.根据权利要求4所述的燃料喷射装置，其中所述第二参数(Lb，K)中的至少一个是从所述泄漏孔(24)到所述压力传感器(20a)的通道长度(Lb)。 Channel length (Lb 5. The fuel injection device according to claim 4, wherein the second parameter (Lb, K) is at least one from the leak hole (24) to the pressure sensor (20a) of ).
6.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置， 其中，所述个体差异信息包括所述第一参数(La，K)， 所述第一参数(La，K)中的至少一个是对象指令-检测时(TlO)相对于基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)的指令-检测误差，所述基准指令-检测时延是主燃料喷射阀(20m)的主传感器(20am)的基准时间段， 通过检验作为受检对象的所述燃料喷射阀(20)和所述压力传感器(20a)获得所述对象指令-检测时延(TlO)，所述受检对象不同于所述主燃料喷射阀(20m)和所述主传感器(20am)， 所述对象指令-检测时延(TlO)和所述基准指令-检测时延(TlOm)中的每一个都是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到所述检测压力发生波动的时间点(P3，P3m)的时间段，该波动是由通过所述喷嘴孔(20f)开始燃料喷射造成的。 The fuel injection device according to any one of 1 to 5, wherein the individual difference information includes the first parameter (La, K), the first parameter (La, K) as claimed in claims at least one target instruction - detecting (Tl2O) relative to the reference instruction - instruction detection delay (TlOm) - the detection error of the reference instruction - the detection latency is the main fuel injection valve (20m) of the main sensor (20 Am2 ) reference time period, and the pressure sensor (20a) to obtain the target instruction by checking the fuel injection valve as a subject to be examined (20) - the detection latency (Tl2O), different from the objects of the subject said main fuel injection valve (20m) and the master sensor (20am), the target instruction - the detection latency (Tl2O) and the reference instruction - each detected delay (TlOm) are output from the injection start a time point (is) of the command signal to the detection time point of the pressure fluctuations (P3, P3m) period of time, by the ripple through the nozzle hole (20f) caused by the fuel injection is started.
7.根据权利要求6所述的燃料喷射装置， 其中所述个体差异信息包括无效误差和传感器误差中的至少一个，该无效误差和传感器误差是通过检验作为所述受检对象的所述燃料喷射阀(20)和所述压力传感器(20a)获得的， 所述无效误差是相对于基准指令-喷射时延(Tnom)的对象指令-喷射时延(Tno),该基准指令-喷射时延(Tnom)是所述主燃料喷射阀(20m)和所述主压力传感器(20am)的基准无效时间段，并且通过从所述指令-检测误差(ATlO)中减去所述无效误差来获得所述传感器误差，所述对象指令-喷射时延(Tno)和所述基准指令-喷射时延(Tnom)中的每一个都是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到所述喷射开始点(R3)的时间段。 The fuel injection device according to claim 6, wherein the individual difference information includes an invalid error and a sensor error in at least one of the invalid error and a sensor error is the fuel of the subject as a test subject by injection valve (20) and the pressure sensor (20a) is obtained, the error with respect to the reference invalid command - injection time delay (Tnom) of the target instruction - injection time delay (Tno), the reference instruction - injection time delay ( Tnom) is the main fuel injection valve (20m) and the master pressure sensor (20 Am2) reference invalid period of time, from the instruction and by - obtained by subtracting the invalid error detection error (ATlO) in the sensor error, the target instruction - injection time delay (Tno) and the reference instruction - injection time delay (Tnom) each time point is the injection command signal (is) from the output to the injection start point (R3) time period.
8.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置，其中所述个体差异信息包括所述第一参数(La，K)，并且所述第一参数(La，K)中的至少一个是从所述喷嘴孔(20f)到所述压力传感器(20a)的通道长度(La)。 8. The fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the individual difference information includes the first parameter (La, K), and the first parameter (La, K) in from at least one of the nozzle hole (20f) to the pressure sensor (20a) a passage length (La).
9.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置， 其中所述第一参数(La，K)中的至少一个或所述第二参数(Lb，K)中的至少一个是从高压泵(Ila)的出口(lie)延伸到所述喷嘴孔(20f)的整个通道中的燃料的体积模量⑷，并且所述高压泵(Ila)被配置成向所述蓄压容器(12)供应燃料。 9. A fuel injection device according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first parameter (La, K) or said at least one second parameter (Lb, K) in at least one of extending from the high pressure pump (Ila) an outlet (Lie) to the bulk modulus of the entire channel ⑷ nozzle hole (20f) of the fuel and the high-pressure pump (Ila) is arranged to the pressure accumulator vessel (12) supply of fuel.
10.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置，还包括:基于所述个体差异信息来控制所述燃料喷射阀(20)的控制单元(30)， 其中所述控制单元(30)在指令-响应时延(TlO)大于阈值时判定发生了故障，并且所述指令-响应时延是从输出喷射开始指令信号的时间点(Is)到所述压力传感器(20a)的检测压力发生波动的时间点的时间段，该波动是由开始燃料喷射造成的。 10. The fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: controlling the fuel injection valve (20) of the control unit (30) based on the individual difference information, wherein said control It determines that a failure has occurred when the response delay (Tl2O) is greater than a threshold value, and the instructions - - means (30) is in the command response delay from the time point (is) outputs the injection start instruction signal to the pressure sensor (20a) period time point of the detected pressure fluctuations, the fluctuation is caused by the fuel injection is started.
11.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置， 其中所述喷射响应延迟信息包括分别通过进行多次检验而获得的多个信息项， 所述多次检验分别包括检验条件的多种模式，所述多种模式在供应给所述燃料喷射阀(20)的燃料压力上彼此不同，并且每一个所述信息项与所述多种模式中的每一种相关并被存储。 The fuel injection device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the injection response delay information includes a plurality of information items by performing a number of tests were obtained, including the number of tests each test conditions plurality of modes, said plurality of modes different from each other in the supply to the fuel injection valve (20) of the fuel pressure, and each of said plurality of information items in each of modes and associated storage.
12.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置，其中所述压力传感器(20a)位于所述燃料喷射阀(20)的燃料进孔(22)处。 12. A fuel injection device according to any of the 1 to 5 claims, wherein the pressure sensor (20a) located in the fuel injection valve (20) a fuel inlet hole (22).
13.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置，其中所述压力传感器(20a)位于所述燃料喷射阀(20)中，用于检测从所述燃料进孔(22)延伸到所述喷嘴孔(20f)的内部燃料通道(25)中的燃料压力。 13. A fuel injection device according to any of the 1 to 5 claims, wherein the pressure sensor (20a) located in the fuel injection valve (20) for detecting from said fuel inlet aperture (22 ) extends into the nozzle hole (20f) of an internal fuel passage (fuel pressure 25).
14.根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置，还包括: 位于燃料通道(25)中的孔(12a)，用于衰减从所述蓄压容器(12)流出的燃料的压力脉动，所述燃料通道从所述蓄压容器(12)延伸到燃料进孔(22)， 其中所述压力传感器(20a)相对于燃料流位于所述孔(12a)的下游。 14. The fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a fuel passage hole (12a) (25) is, for damping out from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) the fuel pressure pulsation, the fuel passage extending from the pressure-accumulation vessel (12) to the fuel inlet hole (22), wherein said downstream pressure sensor (20a) positioned with respect to the fuel flow holes (12a) of.
15.—种燃料喷射系统,包括: 根据权利要求1到5中的任一项所述的燃料喷射装置；以及所述蓄压容器(12)，其被配置成以预定压力蓄积燃料并将所蓄积的燃料分配到多个燃料喷射阀。 15.- such fuel injection system, comprising: a fuel injection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5; and the pressure-accumulation vessel (12), which is configured to accumulate fuel at predetermined pressure and the accumulated fuel distribution to a plurality of fuel injection valves.

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