Source: http://vietmag.org/?page_id=1959&lang=en
Timestamp: 2019-04-26 09:48:50+00:00

Document:
The article reviews the most significant reforms of engineering education in Russia from the first higher school of engineering at the start of the 19th century – the St. Petersburg Institute of Transport Engineers – to the eventual Soviet system of engineering institutes for various branches of transport. Different stages of economic modernization in the country required corresponding improvements in the training of engineers. Characteristic features of the Russian engineering school included a combination of fundamental training in natural sciences with high degree specialization and the special role of the state in defining the paths of technological modernization. Forced industrialization during the 1930s, in particular, brought about many fundamental changes in the system of engineering education.
Chanbarisov, Sh. (1973) Formirovanie sovetskoii universitetskoii sistemy (1917–1938) [The Formation of the Soviet University System]. Ufa: Bashkirskoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo.
Dobretsov, N. L. and Marchuk, G. I. (eds.) (2000) Vek Lavrent’eva [Lavrent’ev’s Age]. Novosibirsk: Izdatel’stvo SO RAN.
Ershov, A. S. (1857) O vysshem tekhnicheskom obrazovanii v Zapadnoi Evrope [On the Higher Technical Education in Europe]. Moskva: Tipografiia T. T. Volkova i K°.
Firsov, A. V. (2014) Rossiiskii inzhener B. G. Lutskii (Lutskoi): kratkaia biograficheskaia khronika, 1865–1900 [The Russian Engineer I. G. Loutzky: A Short Biographical Chronicle, 1865–1900], Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki, no. 4, pp. 101–128.
Garaevskaiia, I. A. (1996). Petr Pal’chinskii [Peter Palchinskii]. Moskva: Rossiia molodaiia.
Graham, L. (2000). Prizrak kaznennogo inzhenera [The Ghost of the Executed Engineer]. Sankt-Peterburg: Evropeiskii dom.
Graham, L. (2014) Smozhet li Rossiia konkuririvat’? [Lonely Ideas: Can Russia Compete?]. Moskva: Mann, Ivanov i Ferber.
Grinevetskii, V. I. (1915) O reforme inzhenernogo obrazovaniia. Stenogramma doklada 17 ianvaria 1915 g. [On the Reform of Engineering Education. Transcript of Report, January 17, 1915]. Moskva.
Grinevetskii, V. I. (1922) Poslevoennye perspectivy russkoi promyshlennosti [The Post-War Perspectives of the Russian Industry]. Moskva: Tsentrosoiuz.
Ignat’ev, P. N. (1917) Ob ustanovlenii obshchego plana razvitiia professional’nogo obrazovaniia v Rossii [On the Introducing of a General Plan of Professional Education in Russia], Professional’noe obrazovanie, no. 1, pp. 3–5.
Kagan-Shabshai, Ia. F. (1924) Institut inzhenerov-elektrikov-proizvodstvennikov (otchet o rabote) [The Institute of Practical Electrical Engineers (the Statement of Work)] . Moskva.
Kagan-Shabshai, Ia. F. (1928). “Inzhenernyii” intelligent ili “bezdiplomnyi” inzhener [The “Engineer Intellectual” or the “Diplomaless” Engineer]. Moskva.
Larionov, A. M. (1910) Istoria Instituta inzhenerov putei soobshchenia imperatora Aleksandra I za pervoe stoletie ego sushchestvovania 1810–1910[The History of Emperor Alexander I Institute of Transport Engineers During the First Century of Its Existence, 1810–1910]. Sankt-Peterburg: Tipografiia Iu. N. Erlikh.
Lunacharskii, A. V. (1927) Kul’turnoe stroitel’stvo za 10 let [The Cultural Construction for 10 years], Nauka i tekhnika, no. 45, pp. 3–10.
Maksimovskii, M. (ed.) (1869) Istoricheskii ocherk razvitiia glavnogo inzhenernogo uchilishcha 1819–1869 [A Historical Essay of the Development of the Main Engineering School, 1819–1869], Sankt-Peterburg: Tipografiia Imperatorskoi akademii nauk.
Moskovskii avtomobil’no-dorozhnyi institute imeni V. M. Molotova za 10 let [V. M. Molotov Moscow Automobile and Road Institute for 10 years](1940). Moskva: Dorizdat.
Ovchinnikova, N. P. (1990) Rossiia na Vsemirnoi vystavke 1900 goda v Parizhe [Russia at the World Exposition of 1900 in Paris]. Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo, no. 7, pp. 29–32.
Pal’chinskii, P. (1907) Zamechaniia po povodu prichin maloi podgotovlennosti k samostoiatel’noi rabote, davaemoi spetsial’nymi shkolami molodym inzheneram [The Comments on the Causes of Little Readiness for Independent Work of Graduates of Professional Schools for Young Engineers]. Kharkov, 1907.
Polezhai, V. G. (2011) Reforma rossiiskogo obrazovaniia 1915–1917 [The Reform of the Russian Educational System in 1915–1917], Alma mater, no. 11, pp. 89–95.
Prikhod’ko, V. M., Smyk, A. F. (2015) Stanovlenie vysshego avtomobil’no-dorozhnogo obrazovania v Rossii [The Emergence of Higher Automobile and Road Education in Russia]. Moskva: MADI.
Saprykin, D. L. (2013) Zolotoi vek otechestvennoi nauki i techniki i klassicheskaia kontseptsiia inzhenernogo obrazovania [The “Golden Age” of Russian Science and Technology and the “Classical” Approach to Engineering Education], Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki, no. 1, pp. 28–66.
Smyk, A. F. (2014) Osobennosti otraslevogo upravleniia vuzami [The Peculiarities of the Sectoral Management of Institutions of Higher Education], Istoriia nauki i tekhniki, no. 9, pp. 7–16.
Timoshenko, S. P. (1997) Inzhenernoe obrazovanie v Rossii[The Engineering Education in Russia]. Liubertsy: Izdatel’stvo PIK VINITI.
Traditsii i sviaz’ vremen. K 130-letiiu Moskovskogo otdeleniia Imperatorskogo Russkogo tekhnicheskogo obshchestva [Traditions and the Link of Times. To the 130th Anniversary of the Moscow branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society] (2006) . Moskva: Izdatel’stvo MIET.
Volkov, M. S. (1842) Stroitel’noe iskusstvo [The Art of Building]. Sankt-Peterburg.
Voronin, M. I. (2003) P. P. Mel’nikov – inzhener, uchenyi, gosudarstvennyi deiatel’[P. P. Melnikov. An Engineer, Scientist, Sstatesman]. Sankt-Peterburg: Gumanistika.

References: V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V.