Source: http://aoot.osa.org/ao/abstract.cfm?uri=ao-53-2-189
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 08:19:39+00:00

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We investigated the second and third harmonic generation (SHG and THG) in ZnO nanorods (NRs) by using a femtosecond laser (optical parametric amplifier with tunable wavelengths) with a long excitation wavelength of 1350 nm and a low repetition rate of 1 kHz. The damage threshold for ZnO NRs in this case was sufficiently large, enabling us to observe the competition between SHG and THG. The transition from red to blue emission and the mixing of red and blue light with different ratios were successfully demonstrated by simply varying excitation intensity, implying the potential applications of ZnO NRs in all-optical display.
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Fig. 1. Schematic showing the experimental setup used to observe the transition from red to blue emission resulting from the competition between SHG and THG. The excitation intensity was changed by either moving the focusing lens or adjusting the power of the fs laser. The images of the excitation spot recorded by a camera at two different positions of the focusing lens are presented.
Fig. 2. Nonlinear response spectra obtained at different excitation wavelengths of 1150, 1230, and 1350 nm. The ZnO sample was placed 2 cm away from the focus, and the excitation intensity was fixed at 0.12 TW/cm2.
Fig. 3. Evolution of the nonlinear response spectrum of ZnO NRs when the focusing lens was moved from the initial position (2 cm away from the focus) toward the focus. The corresponding images of the excitation spot recorded by using a camera are presented as insets. In each case, the estimated excitation intensity and the distance between the sample and the focus (d) are provided.
Fig. 4. (a) Evolution of the nonlinear response spectrum of ZnO NRs with increasing excitation intensity. (b) Excitation-intensity-dependent SHG and THG of ZnO NRs. Circles and squares are experimental data, and the solid lines are the fits to these data.
Fig. 5. (a) Evolution of the nonlinear response spectrum of ZnO NRs with increasing excitation intensity. (b) Excitation-intensity-dependent SHG, THG, and 4PL of ZnO NRs. Squares, circles, and triangles are experimental data, and the solid lines are the fits to these data.

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