Source: http://www.proceedings.blucher.com.br/article-details/1435002165-19707
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 08:41:05+00:00

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This paper aims to obtain experimental data on vapor-liquid equilibrium of the ethanol-water-calcium nitrate at atmospheric pressure, as well as the validation of the UNIFAC thermodynamic model. Several solvents have been studied to break the azeotrope of ethanol-water systems, including salts, organic solvents and ionic liquids. The choice of salt is due to the importance of searching for other cheaper solvents to separate ethanol from water. Thus, the data were measured using an Othmer-type ebulliometer and composition analysis was obtained using a digital densimeter. Salt was used at concentrations of 0.06 and 0.15 mole, and 30% (w/w) (dehydrated salt), to compare the behavior between the VLE with and without the salts. All the experiments were done in triplicate. An enrichment of ethanol in the vapor phase was observed, indicating the breaking of the azeotrope. Furthermore, the average relative deviation between the experimental measurements of calcium nitrate dehydrated 30% (w/w) and the predicted values by the model was less than 7% for the vapor phase composition and for the temperatures, therefore validating the model. This study showed that calcium nitrate is a solvent that can be used for the production of anhydrous ethanol with a high purity with low cost.
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 SOUZA. W.L.R.; SILVA. C.S.; MELEIRO. L.A.C.; MENDES. M.F. Vapor-liquid equilibrium of the (water + ethanol + glycerol) system: Experimental and modelling data at normal pressure. J. Chem. Thermod. 67. p. 106-111. 2013.
LEAL, C.; MAHIAS, G. B.; MAGALHÃES, W. A. P.; MENDES, M. F.; "MEASUREMENT OF VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM FOR ETHANOL-WATER-CALCIUM NITRATE AT NORMAL PRESSURE", p. 647-652 . In: Anais do XI Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Química em Iniciação Científica [=Blucher Chemical Engineering Proceedings, v. 1, n.3]. ISSN Impresso: 2446-8711. São Paulo: Blucher, 2015.
LEAL , C. MAHIAS , G. B.
MAGALHÃES , W. A. P.
DECHEMA. VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM DATA COLLECTION. Aqueous-Organic Systems (Supplement 1). v. 1. part 1a. GMEHLING. V. J.; ONKEN. U.; ARLT. W. Frankfurt/M. 1981. HUANG. H.; RAMASWAMY. S.; TSCHIRNER. U. W.; RAMARAO. B. V. A review of separation technologies in current and future biorefineries. Separation and Purification Technology. v.62. p. 1-21. 2008. KUMAR. S.; SINGH. N.; PRASAD. R. Anhydrous ethanol: a renewable source of energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. v. 14. p. 1830-1844. 2010. NIGAM. P.; SINGH A. Production of liquid biofuels from renewable resources. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. v. 37. p. 52-68. 2011. SOARES. R. B. Estudo da destilação extrativa salina em coluna recheada para a produção de etanol. Tese de Mestrado. 2010. 98f. Dissertação em Engenharia Química – Instituto de Tecnologia. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica. SOUZA. W.L.R.; SILVA. C.S.; MELEIRO. L.A.C.; MENDES. M.F. Vapor-liquid equilibrium of the (water + ethanol + glycerol) system: Experimental and modelling data at normal pressure. J. Chem. Thermod. 67. p. 106-111. 2013.

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