Source: http://www.garyrosenberg-law.com/blog/2011/december/insured-didnt-give-notice-of-lawsuit-accident-vi/
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 10:07:23+00:00

Document:
Comment: Interesting case and an unfortunate situation that sometimes arises when you are a lawyer who represents accident victims.
The general rule is that if a plaintiff wins a money judgment against someone with insurance, than the plaintiff can bring a lawsuit directly against the insurance carrier if it refuses to pay. That happened in today's case, arising from an automobile accident.
Here, the insurance policy owner failed to notify the insurance carrier that a lawsuit had been started. This permitted the insurance carrier to "disclaim" insurance coverage -- releasing it from its obligation to pay the underlying default judgment against its insured. In today's case seeking to enforce the judgment, the insurance carrier is granted summary judgment dismissing the case against it, and the accident victim/injured plaintiff is left with a judgment against a regular person and/or a livery cab service, which likely is uncollectible.
This result might have been avoided if the accident victim's lawyer had sent copies of the lawsuit papers and the plaintiff's default motion to the insurance carrier directly. A lawyering lesson to be learned here.
In an action pursuant to Insurance Law Sec. 3420 to recover the amount of an unsatisfied judgment against the defendant's insured, the defendant appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Bunyan, J.), dated May 18, 2011, which denied its renewed motion, in effect, for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.
ORDERED that the order is reversed, on the law, with costs, and the defendant's renewed motion, in effect, for summary judgment dismissing the complaint is granted.
The plaintiffs were passengers in a livery cab and allegedly sustained personal injuries when the cab was involved in an automobile accident with an individual insured by the defendant (hereinafter the insured). The accident occurred on October 15, 2000, in Brooklyn. On or about October 25, 2000, the defendant was made aware of the accident and opened a claims file.
Thereafter, on May 29, 2001, and September 26, 2001, the defendant received letters from the plaintiffs' counsel informing it of counsel's representation of the plaintiffs. The next correspondence from the plaintiffs' counsel regarding the insured was received by the defendant on August 15, 2005. In this correspondence, the defendant learned that an action had been commenced against, among others, the insured, on July 9, 2003, and that a default judgment dated November 19, 2004, had been entered in that action in favor of the plaintiffs and against, among others, the insured. The defendant disclaimed coverage on the ground that the insured breached the insurance policy by failing to timely notify it of the commencement of an action regarding the accident. The plaintiffs commenced this action against the defendant and sought to recover the outstanding amount of the default judgment obtained by the plaintiffs against the insured. Following joinder of issue, the Supreme Court denied the defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint, without prejudice to renew. In its renewed motion, the defendant sought, in effect, summary judgment dismissing the complaint. The defendant argued that it had no obligation to indemnify the insured in connection with the default judgment obtained against her in the related personal injury action because, inter alia, she breached certain conditions in the insurance policy. The Supreme Court denied the renewed motion. We reverse.
With respect to policies issued before January 17, 2009 (see Insurance Law Sec. 3420[c][A]), as the subject policy was, an insurer could disclaim coverage when the insured failed to satisfy the notice condition, without regard to whether the insurer was prejudiced by the insured's failure to satisfy the condition (see Insurance Law 3420[a], , [c][A]; Argo Corp. v. Greater N.Y. Mut. Ins. Co., 4 N.Y.3d 332, 339, 794 N.Y.S.2d 704, 827 N.E.2d 762; American Tr. Ins. Co. v. Sartor, 3 N.Y.3d 71, 781 N.Y.S.2d 630, 814 N.E.2d 1189; McGovern-Barbash Assoc., LLC v. Everest Natl. Ins. Co., 79 A.D.3d 981, 983, 914 N.Y.S.2d 218; Ponok Realty Corp. v. United Natl. Specialty Ins. Co., 69 A.D.3d 596, 596-597, 893 N.Y.S.2d 125; Matter of Geico Co. v. Wingo, 36 A.D.3d 908, 830 N.Y.S.2d 215). Thus, the absence of timely notice of litigation is a failure to comply with a condition precedent which, as a matter of law, vitiates the contract (see American Tr. Ins. Co. v. Sartor, 3 N.Y.3d 71, 781 N.Y.S.2d 630, 814 N.E.2d 1189; Matter of Geico Co. v. Wingo, 36 A.D.3d 908, 830 N.Y.S.2d 215). Where there is no excuse or mitigating factor for the failure to give notice, the question of reasonable notice is a legal determination (see Travelers Ins. Co. v. Volmar Constr. Co., 300 A.D.2d 40, 42, 752 N.Y.S.2d 286).
However, despite this no‑prejudice rule, the insurance policy provided, inter alia, that a person seeking coverage must "send [the defendant] copies of any notices or legal papers received in connection with the accident or loss as soon as reasonably possible," and further, that the defendant had no duty to provide coverage "if the failure to comply [with the policy] is prejudicial to [the defendant]." Thus, based upon the language in this particular agreement, the defendant was required, on its renewed motion for summary judgment, to show that it was provided untimely notice and that it was prejudiced as a result of the untimely notice.
Here, in support of its renewed motion for summary judgment, the defendant presented prima facie proof of untimely notice via the deposition testimony and affidavit of its claims manager. The manager stated that it was not until August 15, 2005, that the defendant first learned that an action had been commenced and a default judgment entered against the insured. Additionally, as to prejudice, the defendant established that, since it was first informed of the commencement of an action against the insured more than two years after the commencement of the action, the delay constituted "late notice as a matter of law" (1700 Broadway Co. v. Greater N.Y. Mut. Ins. Co., 54 A.D.3d 593, 593, 863 N.Y.S.2d 434). The defendant further demonstrated that the failure of the insured to provide notice until after a default judgment had been entered prejudiced it because it lost its right to appear and interpose an answer, thus requiring it to shoulder the burden of moving to vacate the default judgment (see American Tr. Ins. Co. v. Rechev of Brooklyn, Inc., 57 A.D.3d 257, 259, 867 N.Y.S.2d 914).
In opposition, the plaintiffs failed to raise a triable issue of fact. The plaintiffs' contentions amounted to unsupported, speculative, and conclusory allegations, and lacked any probative value in determining whether the defendant received timely notification of the underlying action and default judgment (see generally Paladino v. Time Warner Cable of N.Y. City, 16 A.D.3d 646, 793 N.Y.S.2d 63). Further, no excuse or explanation was ever posited as to the late notice.
The plaintiffs' remaining contentions are without merit. Accordingly, based on the plaintiffs' late notice and prejudice to the defendant, the Supreme Court should have granted the defendant's renewed motion, in effect, for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.

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