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Timestamp: 2019-04-18 10:59:29+00:00

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We review experiments on mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) generation including our own work on chalcogenide waveguides. Simulations are used to define the conditions in which a chalcogenide waveguide would produce SC from ≈2.5 µm to beyond 10 µm in a single waveguide device. The simulations suggested that broadband SC could be generated by pumping a bulk chalcogenide with fs pulses in the anomalous dispersion regime and this was demonstrated experimentally by producing a flat SC from 2.5 µm to beyond 7.5 µm.
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Fig. 1 Experimental results of SC generation from an As2S3 glass rib waveguide 2.5 µm thick on a MgF2 substrate and Teflon coating and pumped at 3.8 µm (red); 3.65 µm (blue) and 3.26 µm (green) at a peak power of ≈1000 W.
Fig. 2 A schematic of the structure of the all-chalcogenide rib waveguide.
Fig. 3 The (a) dispersion parameter D and (b) nonlinear parameter γ for the fundamental TM mode as a function of wavelength and core film thickness for a rib waveguide with 40% etched depth. The locus of the zero dispersion and the contour for γ = 0.5 W−1m−1 are shown by the white lines.
Fig. 4 Simulated SC spectra for different wavelengths and increasing values of γPL for 7.5 ps pulses. Blue 2 µm; green 3 µm; red 4 µm; turquoise 5 µm. (a) γPL = 49; (b) γPL = 77; (c) γPL = 91; (d) γPL = 105.
Fig. 5 Simulated SC spectra for different wavelengths and increasing values of γPL for 250 fs pulses. Blue 2 µm; green 3 µm; red 4 µm; turquoise 5 µm. (a) γPL = 7; (b) γPL = 21; (c) γPL = 49; (d) γPL = 77.
Fig. 6 The time dependence of the power at the waveguide output from simulations. (a) 250 fs pulses for γPL = 7 at 5 µm demonstrating soliton pulse compression. (b) 7.5 ps pulses for γPL = 64 at 5 µm demonstrating break-up of the pulse envelope into multiple solitons.
Fig. 7 (a). Spectra recorded at ≈20 MW (red), ≈6 MW (blue) and ≈3 MW (green) peak power. The detector response is shown as a black dotted line. 7(b) the spectrum at ≈20 MW has been corrected for the spectral response of the detector. 7(c) comparison of spectra at ≈20 MW produced using 5.3 µm and 3.425 µm pumps.

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