Source: http://aoot.osa.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-27-6-9054
Timestamp: 2019-04-21 02:22:41+00:00

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We report a non-interferometric single-exposure technique for fabricating Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) devices with arbitrary wavefronts, via photo-patterning an azo-dye doped LC with a two-dimensional linear polarization field, whose local polarization direction can be controlled by a spatial light modulator (SLM) on the pixel level. Upon one exposure, different local LC orientations are generated simultaneously. The non-interferometric approach is insensitive to environmental disturbance, and moreover, the dynamic phase mask on the SLM can be conveniently reconfigured by a computer. Our fabricated PB gratings, q-plates and hologram exhibit good optical performances. Such a simple yet reconfigurable fabrication method enables new PB devices to be developed, and it would open a new gateway towards widespread applications.
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Fig. 1 (a) Schematic illustration of apparatus used to tune polarization rotation angle ϕ by phase retardation δ. (b) Half of phase retardation δ/2 and polarization rotation angle ϕ at different applied voltage for a nematic E7 LC cell with a cell gap of 6 μm at 532 nm.
Fig. 2 (a) Optical setup of the proposed fabrication technique. (b) Analyzer angle versus grey-levels when minimum light intensity is achieved.
Fig. 3 (a) Light pattern with different local polarization orientations, captured through a polarizer. The red arrow indicates transmission axis direction of the polarizer. Light-green arrows indicate linear polarization directions in different domains. (b) Photo of Cell 1, illuminated by a linearly-polarized white light. (c) Photo of Cell 1, under crossed polarizers, illuminated by red light. (d) Photos of Cell 2 rotated at different orientations, under linearly-polarized white illumination.
Fig. 4 Diffraction patterns of a binary PB grating at (a) voltage-off and (b) voltage-on states. (c) Microscopic morphology of the binary PB grating. Diffraction patterns of the continuous PB grating at d) voltage-off and (e) voltage-on states. (f) Microscopic morphology of a continuous PB grating. (g) Voltage dependent first-order diffraction efficiency of the continuous PB grating: dots are measured data and solid line is simulation result.
Fig. 5 Microscopic morphologies of the PB q-plates: (a) m = 0.5, (b) m = 1, (c) m = 1.5, and (d) m = 2. Far field light pattern captured by a CCD camera: (e) m = 0.5, (f) m = 1, (g) m = 1.5 and (h) m = 2. (i) Reconstructed image from a PB hologram.

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