Source: https://fra.europa.eu/en/charterpedia/article/14-right-education
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 14:50:10+00:00

Document:
It was considered useful to extend this right to vocational and continuing training (see point 15 of the Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers and Article 10 of the Social Charter) and to add the principle of free compulsory education. As it is worded, the latter principle merely implies that as regards compulsory education, each child has the possibility of attending an establishment which offers free education. It does not require all establishments which provide education, in particular private ones, to be free of charge. Nor does it exclude certain specific forms of education having to be paid for, if the State takes measures to grant financial compensation. Insofar as the Charter applies to the Union, this means that in its training policies the Union must respect free compulsory education, but this does not, of course, create new powers. Regarding the right of parents, it must be interpreted in conjunction with the provisions of Article 24.
2. Freedom to found public or private educational establishments is guaranteed as one of the aspects of freedom to conduct a business but it is limited by respect for democratic principles and is exercised in accordance with the arrangements defined by national legislation.
Article 17(1) Knowledge and its teaching are free. (2) Every national who has furnished in legally acceptable manner proof of his qualification has the right to found establishments for instruction and education. (3) Instruction at home is subject to no such restriction. (4) The Church or religious society concerned shall see to religious instruction in schools. (5) The right to supreme direction and supervision over the whole instructional and educational system lies with the state. Article 17aArtistic creativity as well as the dissemination of art and its teaching shall be free.Article 18Everyone has the right to choose his vocation and to train for it how and where he wishes.
Artikel 17(1) Die Wissenschaft und ihre Lehre ist frei. (2) Unterrichts- und Erziehungsanstalten zu gründen und an solchen Unterricht zu ertheilen, ist jeder Staatsbürger berechtigt, der seine Befähigung hiezu in gesetzlicher Weise nachgewiesen hat. (3) Der häusliche Unterricht unterliegt keiner solchen Beschränkung (4) Für den Religionsunterricht in den Schulen ist von der betreffenden Kirche oder Religionsgesellschaft Sorge zu tragen. (5) Dem Staate steht rücksichtlich des gesammten Unterrichts- und Erziehungswe-sens das Recht der obersten Leitung und Aufsicht zu. Artikel 17a. Das künstlerische Schaffen, die Vermittlung von Kunst sowie deren Lehre sind frei.Artikel 18Es steht Jedermann frei, seinen Beruf zu wählen und sich für denselben auszubilden, wie und wo er will.
Article 2 No person shall be denied the right to education. In the exercise of any functions which it assumes in relation to education and to teaching, the State shall respect the right of parents to ensure such education and teaching in conformity with their own religious and philosophical convictions.
Artikel 2 Das Recht auf Bildung darf niemandem verwehrt werden. Der Staat hat bei Ausübung der von ihm auf dem Gebiete der Erziehung und des Unterrichts übernommenen Aufgaben das Recht der Eltern zu achten, die Erziehung und den Unterricht entsprechend ihren eigenen religiösen und weltanschaulichen Überzeugungen sicherzustellen.
Article 24.§1. Education is free; any preventive measure is forbidden; the punishment of offences is regulated only by the law or federate law.The community offers free choice to parents.The community organises non-denominational education. This implies in particular the respect of the philosophical, ideological or religious beliefs of parents and pupils. Schools run by the public authorities offer, until the end of compulsory education, the choice between the teaching of one of the recognised religions and non-denominational ethics teaching. §2. If a community, in its capacity as an organising authority, wishes to delegate powers to one or several autonomous bodies, it can only do so by federate law adopted by a two-thirds majority of the votes cast. §3. Everyone has the right to education with the respect of fundamental rights and freedoms. Access to education is free until the end of compulsory education. All pupils of school age have the right to moral or religious education at the community’s expense.§4. All pupils or students, parents, teaching staff or institutions are equal before the law or federate law. The law and federate law take into account objective differences, in particular the characteristics of each organising authority that warrant appropriate treatment. §5. The organisation, the recognition and the subsidising of education by the community are regulated by the law or federate law.
Article 24. §1. L'enseignement est libre; toute mesure préventive est interdite; la répression des délits n'est réglée que par la loi ou le décret.La communauté assure le libre choix des parents.La communauté organise un enseignement qui est neutre. La neutralité implique notamment le respect des conceptions philosophiques, idéologiques ou religieuses des parents et des élèves. Les écoles organisées par les pouvoirs publics offrent, jusqu'à la fin de l'obligation scolaire, le choix entre l'enseignement d'une des religions reconnues et celui de la morale non confessionnelle. §2. Si une communauté, en tant que pouvoir organisateur, veut déléguer des compétences à un ou plusieurs organes autonomes, elle ne le pourra que par décret adopté à la majorité des deux tiers des suffrages exprimés. §3. Chacun a droit à l'enseignement dans le respect des libertés et droits fondamentaux. L'accès à l'enseignement est gratuit jusqu'à la fin de l'obligation scolaire. Tous les élèves soumis à l'obligation scolaire ont droit, à charge de la communauté, à une éducation morale ou religieuse. §4. Tous les élèves ou étudiants, parents, membres du personnel et établissements d'enseignement sont égaux devant la loi ou le décret. La loi et le décret prennent en compte les différences objectives, notamment les caractéristiques propres à chaque pouvoir organisateur, qui justifient un traitement approprié. §5. L'organisation, la reconnaissance ou le subventionnement de l'enseignement par la communauté sont réglés par la loi ou le décret.
Artikel 24. §1. Het onderwijs is vrij; elke preventieve maatregel is verboden; de bestraffing van de misdrijven wordt alleen door de wet of het decreet geregeld. De gemeenschap waarborgt de keuzevrijheid van de ouders.De gemeenschap richt neutraal onderwijs in. De neutraliteit houdt onder meer in, de eerbied voor de filosofische, ideologische of godsdienstige opvattingen van de ouders en de leerlingen. De scholen ingericht door openbare besturen bieden, tot het einde van de leerplicht, de keuze aan tussen onderricht in een der erkende godsdiensten en de niet-confessionele zedenleer. §2. Zo een gemeenschap als inrichtende macht bevoegdheden wil opdragen aan een of meer autonome organen, kan dit slechts bij decreet, aangenomen met een meerderheid van twee derden van de uitgebrachte stemmen. §3. Ieder heeft recht op onderwijs, met eerbiediging van de fundamentele rechten en vrijheden. De toegang tot het onderwijs is kosteloos tot het einde van de leerplicht. Alle leerlingen die leerplichtig zijn, hebben ten laste van de gemeenschap recht op een morele of religieuze opvoeding. §4. Alle leerlingen of studenten, ouders, personeelsleden en onderwijsinstellingen zijn gelijk voor de wet of het decreet. De wet en het decreet houden rekening met objectieve verschillen, waaronder de eigen karakteristieken van iedere inrichtende macht, die een aangepaste behandeling verantwoorden. §5. De inrichting, erkenning of subsidiëring van het onderwijs door de gemeenschap wordt geregeld door de wet of het decreet.
Art. 23. The State shall establish conditions conducive to the free development of science, education and the arts, and shall assist that development. It shall organize the conservation of all national monuments of history and culture.Art. 53. (1) Everyone shall have the right to education.(2) School attendance up to the age of 16 shall be compulsory.(3) Primary and secondary education in state and municipal schools shall be free. In circumstances established by law, the higher educational establishments shall provide education free of charge.(4) Higher educational establishments shall enjoy academic autonomy.(5) Citizens and organizations shall be free to found schools in accordance with conditions and procedures established by law. The education they provide shall fit the requirements of the State.(6) The State shall promote education by opening and financing schools, by supporting capable school and university students, and by providing opportunities for occupational training and retraining. It shall exercise control over all kinds and levels of schooling.
Чл. 23. Държавата създава условия за свободно развитие на науката, образованието и изкуствата и ги подпомага. Тя се грижи за опазване на националното историческо и културно наследство.Чл. 53. (1) Всеки има право на образование.(2) Училищното обучение до 16-годишна възраст е задължително.(3) Основното и средното образование в държавните и общинските училища е безплатно. При определени от закона условия образованието във висшите държавни училища е безплатно.(4) Висшите училища се ползват с академична автономия.(5) Граждани и организации могат да създават училища при условия и по ред, определени със закон. Обучението в тях трябва да съответства на държавните изисквания.(6) Държавата насърчава образованието, като създава и финансира училища, подпомага способни ученици и студенти, създава условия за професионално обучение и преквалификация. Тя упражнява контрол върху всички видове и степени училища.
Compulsory education shall be free, in conformity with law.
Universities shall independently decide on their organisation and operation, in compliance with law.
1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να εκπαιδεύηται και έκαστον άτομον ή ίδρυμα έχει το δικαίωμα να παρέχη εκπαίδευσιν τηρουμένων των διατυπώσεων, όρων και περιορισμών των επιβαλλομένων υπό του οικείου κοινοτικού νόμου των αναγκαίων μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή του βαθμού και της ποιότητος της παιδείας ή προς προστασίαν των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των άλλων, συμπεριλαμβανομένου και του δικαιώματος των γονέων, όπως διασφαλίζωσιν υπέρ των τέκνων αυτών εκπαίδευσιν συνάδουσαν προς τας θρησκευτικάς αυτών πεποιθήσεις.
2. Μερίμνη της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής Κοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως ή στοιχειώδης εκπαίδευσις θέλει καταστή δωρεάν προσιτή εν τοις αντιστοίχοις κοινοτικοίς σχολείοις της στοιχειώδους εκπαιδεύσεως.
3. Η στοιχειώδης εκπαίδευσις είναι υποχρεωτική διά πάντας τους πολίτας τους έχοντας συμπληρώσει την απαιτουμένην ηλικίαν, ως θέλει ορίσει ο οικείος κοινοτικός νόμος.
4. Μερίμνη της ελληνικής και της τουρκικής Κοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως θα καταστή προσιτή πλην της στοιχειώδους και η περαιτέρω εκπαίδευσις εις ενδεδειγμένα και άξια υποστηρίξεως πρόσωπα, εφ’ ους όρους και προϋποθέσεις θα ορίση ο οικείος κοινοτικός νόμος.
2. Free primary education shall be made available by the Greek and the Turkish Communal Chambers in the respective communal primary schools.
3. Primary education shall be compulsory for all citizens of such school age as may be determined by a relevant communal law.
4. Education, other than primary education, shall be made available by the Greek and the Turkish Communal Chambers, in deserving and appropriate cases, on such terms and conditions as may be determined by a relevant communal law.
Article 16 (3) The conditions under which religious instruction may be given at state schools shall be set by law. Article 26 (1) Everybody has the right to the free choice of her profession and the training for that profession, as well as the right to engage in enterprise and pursue other economic activity. Article 33 (1) Everyone has the right to education. School attendance shall be obligatory for the period specified by law. (2) Citizens have the right to free elementary and secondary school education, and, depending on particular citizens’ ability and the capability of society, also to university-level education. (3) Private schools may be established and instruction provided there only under conditions set by law; education may be provided at such schools for tuition. (4) The conditions under which citizens have the right to assistance from the state during their studies shall be set by law.
Článek 16 (...) (3) Zákon stanoví podmínky vyučování náboženství na státních školách. Článek 26 (1) Každý má právo na svobodnou volbu povolání a přípravu k němu, jakož i právo podnikat a provozovat jinou hospodářskou činnost. (...) Článek 33 (1) Každý má právo na vzdělání. Školní docházka je povinná po dobu, kterou stanoví zákon. (2) Občané mají právo na bezplatné vzdělání v základních a středních školách, podle schopností občana a možností společnosti též na vysokých školách. (3) Zřizovat jiné školy než státní a vyučovat na nich lze jen za podmínek stanovených zákonem; na takových školách se může vzdělání poskytovat za úplatu. (4) Zákon stanoví, za jakých podmínek mají občané při studiu právo na pomoc státu.
Section 76. All children of school age shall be entitled to free instruction in primary schools. Parents or guardians making their own arrangements for their children or wards to receive instruction equivalent to the general primary school standard shall not be obliged to have their children or wards taught in a publicly provided school.
Article 37. Everyone has the right to education. Education for school-age children is compulsory to the extent specified by the law, and is free of charge in general schools established by the national government and by local authorities.
Parents have the deciding say in the choice of education for their children.
Everyone has the right to be taught in Estonian. The language of teaching in national minority educational institutions is chosen by the educational institution.
The provision of education is overseen by the national government.
§ 37. Igaühel on õigus haridusele. Õppimine on kooliealistel lastel seadusega määratud ulatuses kohustuslik ning riigi ja kohalike omavalitsuste üldhariduskoolides õppemaksuta. Et teha haridus kättesaadavaks, peavad riik ja kohalikud omavalitsused ülal vajalikul arvul õppeasutusi. Seaduse alusel võib avada ja pidada ka muid õppeasutusi, sealhulgas erakoole. Laste hariduse valikul on otsustav sõna vanematel. Igaühel on õigus saada eestikeelset õpetust. Õppekeele vähemusrahvuse õppeasutuses valib õppeasutus. Hariduse andmine on riigi järelevalve all.
Section 16 Educational rights Everyone has the right to basic education free of charge. Provisions on the duty to receive education are laid down by an Act. The public authorities shall, as provided in more detail by an Act, guarantee for everyone equal opportunity to receive other educational services in accordance with their ability and special needs, as well as the opportunity to develop themselves without being prevented by economic hardship. The freedom of science, the arts and higher education is guaranteed.
16 § Sivistykselliset oikeudet Jokaisella on oikeus maksuttomaan perusopetukseen. Oppivelvollisuudesta säädetään lailla. Julkisen vallan on turvattava, sen mukaan kuin lailla tarkemmin säädetään, jokaiselle yhtäläinen mahdollisuus saada kykyjensä ja erityisten tarpeidensa mukaisesti myös muuta kuin perusopetusta sekä kehittää itseään varattomuuden sitä estämättä. Tieteen, taiteen ja ylimmän opetuksen vapaus on turvattu.
§ 13 The Nation guarantees equal access for children and adults to instruction, vocational training and culture. The provision of free, public and secular education at all levels is a duty of the State.
§ 13La Nation garantit l'égal accès de l'enfant et de l'adulte à l'instruction, à la formation professionnelle et à la culture. L'organisation de l'enseignement public gratuit et laïque à tous les degrés est un devoir de l'Etat.
Article 6 (...) (2) The care and upbringing of children is the natural right of parents and a duty primarily incumbent upon them. The state shall watch over them in the performance of this duty. (...) Article 7 (1) The entire school system shall be under the supervision of the state. (2) Parents and guardians shall have the right to decide whether children shall receive religious instruction. (3) Religious instruction shall form part of the regular curriculum in state schools, with the exception of non-denominational schools. Without prejudice to the state’s right of supervision, religious instruction shall be given in accordance with the tenets of the religious community concerned. Teachers may not be obliged against their will to give religious instruction. (4) The right to establish private schools shall be guaranteed. Private schools that serve as alternatives to state schools shall require the approval of the state and shall be subject to the laws of the Länder. Such approval shall be given when private schools are not inferior to the state schools in terms of their educational aims, their facilities, or the professional training of their teaching staff, and when segregation of pupils according to the means of their parents will not be encouraged thereby. Approval shall be withheld if the economic and legal position of the teaching staff is not adequately assured. (5) A private elementary school shall be approved only if the educational authority finds that it serves a special pedagogical interest or if, on the application of parents or guardians, it is to be established as a denominational or interdenominational school or as a school based on a particular philosophy and no state elementary school of that type exists in the municipality. (6) Preparatory schools shall remain abolished.
Artikel 6 (...) (2) Pflege und Erziehung der Kinder sind das natürliche Recht der Eltern und die zuvörderst ihnen obliegende Pflicht. Über ihre Betätigung wacht die staatliche Gemeinschaft. (...) Artikel 7 (1) Das gesamte Schulwesen steht unter der Aufsicht des Staates. (2) Die Erziehungsberechtigten haben das Recht, über die Teilnahme des Kindes am Religionsunterricht zu bestimmen. (3) Der Religionsunterricht ist in den öffentlichen Schulen mit Ausnahme der bekenntnisfreien Schulen ordentliches Lehrfach. Unbeschadet des staatlichen Aufsichtsrechtes wird der Religionsunterricht in Übereinstimmung mit den Grundsätzen der Religionsgemeinschaften erteilt. Kein Lehrer darf gegen seinen Willen verpflichtet werden, Religionsunterricht zu erteilen. (4) Das Recht zur Errichtung von privaten Schulen wird gewährleistet. Private Schulen als Ersatz für öffentliche Schulen bedürfen der Genehmigung des Staates und unterstehen den Landesgesetzen. Die Genehmigung ist zu erteilen, wenn die privaten Schulen in ihren Lehrzielen und Einrichtungen sowie in der wissenschaftlichen Ausbildung ihrer Lehrkräfte nicht hinter den öffentlichen Schulen zurückstehen und eine Sonderung der Schüler nach den Besitzverhältnissen der Eltern nicht gefördert wird. Die Genehmigung ist zu versagen, wenn die wirtschaftliche und rechtliche Stellung der Lehrkräfte nicht genügend gesichert ist. (5) Eine private Volksschule ist nur zuzulassen, wenn die Unterrichtsverwaltung ein besonderes pädagogisches Interesse anerkennt oder, auf Antrag von Erziehungsberechtigten, wenn sie als Gemeinschaftsschule, als Bekenntnis- oder Weltanschauungsschule errichtet werden soll und eine öffentliche Volksschule dieser Art in der Gemeinde nicht besteht. (6) Vorschulen bleiben aufgehoben.
Άρθρo 16 (1). H τέχνη και η επιστήμη, η έρευνα και η διδασκαλία είναι ελεύθερες· η ανάπτυξη και η πρoαγωγή τoυς απoτελεί υπoχρέωση τoυ Kράτoυς. H ακαδημαϊκή ελευθερία και η ελευθερία της διδασκαλίας δεν απαλλάσσoυν από τo καθήκoν της υπακoής στo Σύνταγμα. (2). H παιδεία απoτελεί βασική απoστoλή τoυ Kράτoυς και έχει σκoπό την ηθική, πνευματική, επαγγελματική και φυσική αγωγή των Eλλήνων, την ανάπτυξη της εθνικής και θρησκευτικής συνείδησης και τη διάπλασή τoυς σε ελεύθερoυς και υπεύθυνoυς πoλίτες.
Article XI (Freedom and Responsibility) (1) Every Hungarian citizen shall have the right to education.
for a specific period, regulated by Hungarian law.
XI. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) (1) Minden magyar állampolgárnak joga van a művelődéshez.
(3) Törvény a felsőfokú oktatásban való részesülés anyagi támogatását meghatározott időtartamú olyan foglalkoztatásban való részvételhez, illetve vállalkozási tevékenység gyakorlásához kötheti, amelyet a magyar jog szabályoz.
XVI. cikk (SZABADSÁG ÉS FELELŐSSÉG) [...] (2) A szülőknek joguk van megválasztani a gyermeküknek adandó nevelést.
Article 42.1. The State acknowledges that the primary and natural educator of the child is the Family and guarantees to respect theinalienable right and duty of parents to provide, according to their means, for the religious and moral, intellectual, physical and social education of their children. Article 42.2. Parents shall be free to provide this education in their homes or in private schools or in schools recognized or established by the State. Article 42.3.1. The State shall not oblige parents in violation of their conscience and lawful preference to send their children to schools established by the State, or to any particular type of school designated by the State. Article 42.3.2. The State shall, however, as guardian of the common good, require in view of actual conditions that the children receive a certain minimum education. moral. intellectual and social. Article 42.4. The State shall provide for free primary education and shall endeavor to supplement and give reasonable aid to private and corporate educational initiative, and, when the public good requires it, provide other educational facilities or institutions with due regard, however, for the rights of parents, especially in the matter of religious and moral formation .
An act to make provision in the interests of the common good for the education of every person in the state, including any person with a disability or who has other special educational needs, and to provide generally for primary, post-primary, adult and continuing education and vocational education and training; to ensure that the education system is accountable to students, their parents and the state for the education provided, respects the diversity of values, beliefs, languages and traditions in irish society and is conducted in a spirit of partnership between schools, patrons, students, parents, teachers and other school staff, the community served by the school and the state; to provide for the recognition and funding of schools and their management through boards of management; to provide for an inspectorate of schools; to provide for the role and responsibilities of principals and teachers; to establish the national council for curriculum and assessment and to make provision for it, and to provide for related Matters.
An act to provide for the entitlement of every child in the state to a certain minimum education, and, for that purpose, to provide for the registration of children receiving education in places other than recognised schools, the compulsory attendance of certain children at recognised schools, the establishment of a body, to be known as the National educational welfare board or, in the irish language, an bord na´ isiu´ nta leasa oideachais, the coordination of its activities and those of certain other persons in so far as they relate to matters connected with school attendance, the identification of the causes of non-attendance on the part of certain students and the adoption of measures for its prevention, to repeal the School Attendance Acts, 1926 to 1967, to permit the supply of data relating to a person’s educational history to certain persons, to provide for the amendment of the Protection of Young Persons (Employment) Act, 1996, and to provide for matters connected therewith.
to families and other benefits, which shall be assigned through competitive examinations.
Art. 30. E' dovere e diritto dei genitori, mantenere, istruire ed educare i figli, anche se nati fuori del matrimonio. Art. 33. L'arte e la scienza sono libere e libero ne è l'insegnamento. La Repubblica detta le norme generali sull’istruzione ed istituisce scuole statali per tutti gli ordini e gradi.Enti e privati hanno il diritto di istituire scuole ed istituti di educazione, senza oneri per lo Stato.La legge, nel fissare i diritti e gli obblighi delle scuole non statali che chiedono la parità, deve assicurare ad esse piena libertà e ai loro alunni un trattamento scolastico equipollente a quello degli alunni di scuole statali.E' prescritto un esame di Stato per la ammissione ai vari ordini e gradi di scuole o per la conclusione di essi e per l'abilitazione all'esercizio professionale. Art. 34. La scuola è aperta a tutti.L'istruzione inferiore, impartita per almeno otto anni, è obbligatoria e gratuita.I capaci e meritevoli, anche se privi di mezzi, hanno diritto di raggiungere i gradi più alti degli studi.La Repubblica rende effettivo questo diritto con borse di studio, assegni alle famiglie ed altre provvidenze, che devono essere attribuite per concorso.
Section 2 The purpose of this Law is to ensure that every resident of Latvia has the opportunity to develop his or her mental and physical potential, in order to become an independent and a fully developed individual, a member of the democratic State and society of Latvia. Corresponding to the age and needs of an educatee, he or she shall be ensured an opportunity to: 1) acquire knowledge and skills in the field of humanities, social, natural and technical sciences; 2) acquire knowledge, skills and experience in relationships, in order to participate in the life of the State and society; and 3) for moral, aesthetic, intellectual and physical development, by promoting the development of a knowledgeable, skilful and socialised individual.
2.pants.Likuma mērķis Šā likuma mērķis ir nodrošināt katram Latvijas iedzīvotājam iespēju attīstīt savu garīgo un fizisko potenciālu, lai veidotos par patstāvīgu un attīstītu personību, demokrātiskas Latvijas valsts un sabiedrības locekli. Atbilstoši izglītojamā vecumam un vajadzībām tiek nodrošināta iespēja: 1) iegūt zināšanas un prasmes humanitāro, sociālo, dabas un tehnisko zinību jomā; 2) iegūt zināšanas, prasmes un attieksmju pieredzi, lai piedalītos sabiedrības un valsts dzīvē; 3) tikumiskai, estētiskai, intelektuālai un fiziskai attīstībai, sekmējot zinīgas, prasmīgas un audzinātas personības veidošanos.
Article 26. Parents and guardians shall, without restrictions, take care of the religious and moral education of their children and wards according to their own convictions.
Article 40. State and municipal establishments of teaching and education shall be secular. At the request of parents, they shall provide religious instruction. Non-state establishments of teaching and education may be founded according to the procedure established by law. Schools of higher education shall be granted autonomy. The State shall supervise the activities of establishments of teaching and education.
Article 41. Education shall be compulsory for persons under the age of 16. Education at state and municipal schools of general education, vocational schools, and schools of further education shall be free of charge. Higher education shall be accessible to everyone according to individual abilities. Citizens who are good at their studies shall be guaranteed education at state schools of higher education free of charge.
Article 42. Culture, science and research, and teaching shall be free. The State shall support culture and science, and shall take care of the protection of Lithuanian historical, artistic, and other cultural monuments, as well as other culturally valuable objects. The law shall protect and defend the spiritual and material interests of an author that are related to scientific, technical, cultural, and artistic work.
26 straipsnis. Tėvai ir globėjai nevaržomi rūpinasi vaikų ir globotinių religiniu ir doroviniu auklėjimu pagal savo įsitikinimus.
40 straipsnis. Valstybinės ir savivaldybių mokymo ir auklėjimo įstaigos yra pasaulietinės. Jose tėvų pageidavimu mokoma tikybos. Įstatymo nustatyta tvarka gali būti steigiamos nevalstybinės mokymo bei auklėjimo įstaigos. Aukštosioms mokykloms suteikiama autonomija. Valstybė prižiūri mokymo ir auklėjimo įstaigų veiklą.
41 straipsnis. Asmenims iki 16 metų mokslas privalomas. Mokymas valstybinėse ir savivaldybių bendrojo lavinimo, profesinėse bei aukštesniosiose mokyklose yra nemokamas. Aukštasis mokslas prieinamas visiems pagal kiekvieno žmogaus sugebėjimus. Gerai besimokantiems piliečiams valstybinėse aukštosiose mokyklose laiduojamas nemokamas mokslas.
42 straipsnis. Kultūra, mokslas ir tyrinėjimai bei dėstymas yra laisvi. Valstybė remia kultūrą ir mokslą, rūpinasi Lietuvos istorijos, meno ir kitų kultūros paminklų bei vertybių apsauga. Dvasinius ir materialinius autoriaus interesus, susijusius su mokslo, technikos, kultūros ir meno kūryba, saugo ir gina įstatymas.
Article 23. The State sees to the organization of primary education, which will be obligatory and free and to which access must be guaranteed to every person inhabiting the Grand Duchy. Medical and social assistance is regulated by the law. It creates establishments of free secondary instruction and the necessary courses of higher education.
additionally all [matters] concerning education and provides, according to the criteria that it determines, a system of financial aid in favor of pupils and students. Anyone is free to study in the Grand Duchy or abroad and to attend the universities of his choice, subject to the provisions of the law on the conditions of admission to employment [in], and to the exercise of[,] certain professions.
Article 23. L’Etat veille à l’organisation de l’instruction primaire, qui sera obligatoire et gratuite et dont l’accès doit être garanti à toute personne habitant le Grand-Duché. L’assistance médicale et sociale sera réglée par la loi.Il crée des établissements d’instruction moyenne gratuite et les cours d’enseignement supérieur nécessaires.La loi détermine les moyens de subvenir à l’instruction publique ainsi que les conditions de surveillance par le Gouvernement et les communes; elle règle pour le surplus tout ce qui est relatif à l’enseignement et prévoit, selon des critères qu’elle détermine, un système d’aides financières en faveur des élèves et étudiants.Chacun est libre de faire ses études dans le Grand-Duché ou à l’étranger et de fréquenter les universités de son choix, sauf les dispositions de la loi sur les conditions d’admission aux emplois et à l’exercice de certaines professions.
Article 11(1) Capable and deserving students, even if without financial resources, are entitled to attain the highest grades of education.(2) The State shall give effect to this principle by means of scholarships, of contributions to the families of students and other provisions on the basis of competitive examinations.Article 12(1) The State shall protect work.(2) It shall provide for the professional or vocational training and advancement of workers.Article 17 (...) (3) Disabled persons and persons incapable of work are entitled to education and vocational training.
Article 70.1. Everyone shall have the right to education. Education to 18 years of age shall be compulsory. The manner of fulfilment of schooling obligations shall be specified by statute. 2. Education in public schools shall be without payment. Statutes may allow for payments for certain services provided by public institutions of higher education. 3. Parents shall have the right to choose schools other than public for their children. Citizens and institutions shall have the right to establish primary and secondary schools and institutions of higher education and educational development institutions. The conditions for establishing and operating non-public schools, the participation of public authorities in their financing, as well as the principles of educational supervision of such schools and educational development institutions, shall be specified by statute. 4. Public authorities shall ensure universal and equal access to education for citizens. To this end, they shall establish and support systems for individual financial and organizational assistance to pupils and students. The conditions for providing of such assistance shall be specified by statute. 5. The autonomy of the institutions of higher education shall be ensured in accordance with principles specified by statute.
Art. 70.1. Każdy ma prawo do nauki. Nauka do 18 roku życia jest obowiązkowa. Sposób wykonywania obowiązku szkolnego określa ustawa. 2. Nauka w szkołach publicznych jest bezpłatna. Ustawa może dopuścić świadczenie niektórych usług edukacyjnych przez publiczne szkoły wyższe za odpłatnością. 3. Rodzice mają wolność wyboru dla swoich dzieci szkół innych niż publiczne. Obywatele i instytucje mają prawo zakładania szkół podstawowych, ponadpodstawowych i wyższych oraz zakładów wychowawczych. Warunki zakładania i działalności szkół niepublicznych oraz udziału władz publicznych w ich finansowaniu, a także zasady nadzoru pedagogicznego nad szkołami i zakładami wychowawczymi, określa ustawa. 4. Władze publiczne zapewniają obywatelom powszechny i równy dostęp do wykształcenia. W tym celu tworzą i wspierają systemy indywidualnej pomocy finansowej i organizacyjnej dla uczniów i studentów. Warunki udzielania pomocy określa ustawa. 5. Zapewnia się autonomię szkół wyższych na zasadach określonych w ustawie.
Artigo 43.º (Liberdade de aprender e ensinar) 1. É garantida a liberdade de aprender e ensinar. 2. O Estado não pode programar a educação e a cultura segundo quaisquer directrizes filosóficas, estéticas, políticas, ideológicas ou religiosas. 3. O ensino público não será confessional. 4. É garantido o direito de criação de escolas particulares e cooperativas. Artigo 73.º (Educação, cultura e ciência) 1. Todos têm direito à educação e à cultura. 2. O Estado promove a democratização da educação e as demais condições para que a educação, realizada através da escola e de outros meios formativos, contribua para a igualdade de oportunidades, a superação das desigualdades económicas, sociais e culturais, o desenvolvimento da personalidade e do espírito de tolerância, de compreensão mútua, de solidariedade e de responsabilidade, para o progresso social e para a participação democrática na vida colectiva. 3. O Estado promove a democratização da cultura, incentivando e assegurando o acesso de todos os cidadãos à fruição e criação cultural, em colaboração com os órgãos de comunicação social, as associações e fundações de fins culturais, as colectividades de cultura e recreio, as associações de defesa do património cultural, as organizações de moradores e outros agentes culturais. 4. A criação e a investigação científicas, bem como a inovação tecnológica, são incentivadas e apoiadas pelo Estado, por forma a assegurar a respectiva liberdade e autonomia, o reforço da competitividade e a articulação entre as instituições científicas e as empresas. Artigo 74.º (Ensino) 1. Todos têm direito ao ensino com garantia do direito à igualdade de oportunidades de acesso e êxito escolar. 2. Na realização da política de ensino incumbe ao Estado: a) Assegurar o ensino básico universal, obrigatório e gratuito; b) Criar um sistema público e desenvolver o sistema geral de educação pré-escolar; c) Garantir a educação permanente e eliminar o analfabetismo; d) Garantir a todos os cidadãos, segundo as suas capacidades, o acesso aos graus mais elevados do ensino, da investigação científica e da criação artística; e) Estabelecer progressivamente a gratuitidade de todos os graus de ensino; f) Inserir as escolas nas comunidades que servem e estabelecer a interligação do ensino e das actividades económicas, sociais e culturais; g) Promover e apoiar o acesso dos cidadãos portadores de deficiência ao ensino e apoiar o ensino especial, quando necessário; h) Proteger e valorizar a língua gestual portuguesa, enquanto expressão cultural e instrumento de acesso à educação e da igualdade de oportunidades; i) Assegurar aos filhos dos emigrantes o ensino da língua portuguesa e o acesso à cultura portuguesa; j) Assegurar aos filhos dos imigrantes apoio adequado para efectivação do direito ao ensino. Artigo 75.º (Ensino público, particular e cooperativo) 1. O Estado criará uma rede de estabelecimentos públicos de ensino que cubra as necessidades de toda a população. 2. O Estado reconhece e fiscaliza o ensino particular e cooperativo, nos termos da lei. Artigo 76.º (Universidade e acesso ao ensino superior) 1. O regime de acesso à Universidade e às demai instituições do ensino superior garante a igualdade de oportunidades e a democratização do sistema de ensino, devendo ter em conta as necessidades em quadros qualificados e a elevação do nível educativo, cultural e científico do país. 2. As universidades gozam, nos termos da lei, de autonomia estatutária, científica, pedagógica, administrativa e financeira, sem prejuízo de adequada avaliação da qualidade do ensino. Artigo 77.º (Participação democrática no ensino) 1. Os professores e alunos têm o direito de participar na gestão democrática das escolas, nos termos da lei. 2. A lei regula as formas de participação das associações de professores, de alunos, de pais, das comunidades e das instituições de carácter científico na definição da política de ensino.
Article 43 (Freedom to learn and to teach) (1) The freedom to learn and to teach is guaranteed. (2) The state may not programme education and culture in accordance with any philosophical, aesthetic, political, ideological or religious directives. (3) Public education shall not be linked to a religious belief. (4) The right to create private and cooperative schools is guaranteed. Article 73 (Education, culture and science) (1) Everyone has the right to education and culture. (2) The state shall promote the democratisation of education and the other conditions needed for an education conducted at school and via other means of training to contribute to equal opportunities, the overcoming of economic, social and cultural inequalities, the development of the personality and the spirit of tolerance, mutual understanding, solidarity and responsibility, to social progress and to democratic participation in collective life. (3) In cooperation with the media, cultural associations and foundations, cultural and recreational groups, cultural heritage associations, residents’ organisations and other cultural agents, the state shall promote the democratisation of culture by encouraging and ensuring access by all citizens to cultural enjoyment and creation. (4) The state shall encourage and support scientific research and creation and technological innovation, in such a way as to ensure their freedom and autonomy, strengthen competitivity and ensure articulation between scientific institutions and enterprises. Article 74 (Education) (1) Everyone has the right to education, with the guarantee of the right to equal opportunities in access to and success in schooling. (2) In implementing the education policy, the state is charged with: (a) Ensuring universal, compulsory and free basic education; (b) Creating a public, and developing the general, preschool education system; (c) Guaranteeing permanent education and eliminating illiteracy; (d) In accordance with his capabilities, guaranteeing every citizen access to the highest levels of education, scientific research and artistic creation; (e) Progressively making all levels of education free of charge; (f) Inserting schools into the communities they serve and establishing links between education and economic, social and cultural activities; (g) Promoting and supporting disabled citizens’ access to education and supporting special education when necessary; (h) Protecting and developing Portuguese sign language, as an expression of culture and an instrument for access to education and equal opportunities; (i) Ensuring that emigrants’ children are taught the Portuguese language and enjoy access to Portuguese culture; (j) Ensuring that immigrants’ children receive adequate support in order to enable them to effectively enjoy the right to education. Article 75 (Public, private and cooperative education) (1) The state shall create a network of public education establishments that covers the needs of the whole population. (2) The state shall recognise and inspect private and cooperative education, as laid down by law. Article 76 (University and access to higher education) (1) The regime governing access to university and the other higher education institutions shall guarantee equal opportunities in and the democratisation of the education system, and must have due regard to the country’s needs for qualified staff and to raising its educational, cultural and scientific level. (2) As laid down by law and without prejudice to an adequate assessment of the quality of education, universities shall enjoy autonomy in drawing up their own by-laws and in scientific, pedagogical, administrative and financial matters. Article 77 (Democratic participation in education) (1) Teachers and students have the right to take part in the democratic management of schools, as laid down by law. (2) The law shall regulate the forms in which associations of teachers, students and parents, communities and institutions of a scientific nature participate in the definition of the education policy.
Article 32(1) The right to education is provided by the compulsory general education, by education in high schools and vocational schools, by higher education, as well as other forms of instruction and postgraduate improvement. (2) Education at all levels shall be carried out in Romanian. Education may also be carried out in a foreign language of international use, under the terms laid down by law. (3) The right of persons belonging to national minorities to learn their mother tongue, and their right to be educated in this language are guaranteed; the ways to exercise these rights shall be regulated by law. (4) State education shall be free, according to the law. The State shall grant social scholarships to children or young people coming from disadvantaged families and to those institutionalized, as stipulated by the law. (5) Education at all levels shall take place in state, private, or confessional institutions, according to the law. (6) The autonomy of the Universities is guaranteed. (7) The State shall ensure the freedom of religious education, in accordance with the specific requirements of each religious cult. In public schools, religious education is organized and guaranteed by law.
Articolul 32(1) Dreptul la învatatura este asigurat prin învatamântul general obligatoriu, prin învatamântul liceal si prin cel profesional, prin învatamântul superior, precum si prin alte forme de instructie si de perfectionare. (2) Învatamântul de toate gradele se desfasoara în limba româna. În conditiile legii, învatamântul se poate desfasura si într-o limba de circulatie internationala. (3) Dreptul persoanelor apartinând minoritatilor nationale de a învata limba lor materna si dreptul de a putea fi instruite în aceasta limba sunt garantate; modalitatile de exercitare a acestor drepturi se stabilesc prin lege. (4) Învatamântul de stat este gratuit, potrivit legii. Statul acorda burse sociale de studii copiilor si tinerilor proveniti din familii defavorizate si celor institutionalizati, în conditiile legii. (5) Învatamântul de toate gradele se desfasoara în unitati de stat, particulare si confesionale, în conditiile legii. (6) Autonomia universitara este garantata. (7) Statul asigura libertatea învatamântului religios, potrivit cerintelor specifice fiecarui cult. În scolile de stat, învatamântul religios este organizat si garantat prin lege.
Article 42(1) Everyone has the right to education. School attendance is compulsory. Its period and age limit shall be laid down by law. (2) Citizens have the right to free education at primary and secondary schools and, depending on their abilities and society's resources, also at higher educational establishments. (3) Schools other than state schools may be established, and teaching in them provided, only under conditions laid down by law; such schools may collect tuition fees. (4) A law shall lay down conditions under which citizens are entitled to assistance from the state in their studies.
Čl. 42 (1) Každý má právo na vzdelanie. Školská dochádzka je povinná. Jej dĺžku po vekovú hranicu ustanoví zákon. (2) Občania majú právo na bezplatné vzdelanie v základných školách a stredných školách, podľa schopností občana a možnosti spoločnosti aj na vysokých školách. (3) Zriaďovať iné školy ako štátne a vyučovať v nich možno len za podmienok ustanovených zákonom; v takýchto školách sa môže vzdelávanie poskytovať za úhradu.( 4) Zákon ustanoví, za akých podmienok majú občania pri štúdiu právo na pomoc štátu.
Article 54 Parents have the right and duty to maintain, educate and raise their children. This right and duty may be revoked or restricted only for such reasons as are provided by law in order to protect the child's interests. Children born out of wedlock have the same rights as children born within it.
Article 57 Freedom of education shall be guaranteed. Primary education is compulsory and shall be financed from public funds. The state shall create the opportunities for citizens to obtain a proper education.
Article 58 State universities and state institutions of higher education shall be autonomous. The manner of their financing shall be regulated by law.
54. člen Starši imajo pravico in dolžnost vzdrževati, izobraževati in vzgajati svoje otroke. Ta pravica in dolžnost se staršem lahko odvzame ali omeji samo iz razlogov, ki jih zaradi varovanja otrokovih koristi določa zakon. Otroci, rojeni zunaj zakonske zveze, imajo enake pravice kakor otroci, rojeni v njej.
57. člen Izobraževanje je svobodno. Osnovnošolsko izobraževanje je obvezno in se financira iz javnih sredstev. Država ustvarja možnosti, da si državljani lahko pridobijo ustrezno izobrazbo.
58. člen Državne univerze in državne visoke šole so avtonomne. Način njihovega financiranja ureja zakon.
Section 27 (1) Everyone has the right to education. Freedom of teaching is recognized. (2) Education shall aim at the full development of human personality with due respect for the democratic principles of coexistence and for basic rights and freedoms. (3) The public authorities guarantee the right of parents to ensure that their children receive religious and moral instruction in accordance with their own convictions. (4) Elementary education is compulsory and free. (5) The public authorities guarantee the right of all to education, through general education programming, with the effective participation of all sectors concerned and the setting-up of educational centres. (6) The right of individuals and legal entities to set up educational centres is recognized, provided they respect constitutional principles. (7) Teachers, parents and, when appropriate, pupils shall participate in the control and management of all centres supported by the Administration out of public funds, under the terms established by the law. (8) The public authorities shall inspect and standardize the educational system in order to ensure compliance with the laws. (9) The public authorities shall help the educational centres which meet the requirements established by the law. (10) The autonomy of Universities is recognized, under the terms established by the law.
Artículo 27 1. Todos tienen el derecho a la educación. Se reconoce la libertad de enseñanza. 2. La educación tendrá por objeto el pleno desarrollo de la personalidad humana en el respeto a los principios democráticos de convivencia y a los derechos y libertades fundamentales. 3. Los poderes públicos garantizan el derecho que asiste a los padres para que sus hijos reciban la formación religiosa y moral que esté de acuerdo con sus propias convicciones. 4. La enseñanza básica es obligatoria y gratuita. 5. Los poderes públicos garantizan el derecho de todos a la educación, mediante una programación general de la enseñanza, con participación efectiva de todos los sectores afectados y la creación de centros docentes. 6. Se reconoce a las personas físicas y jurídicas la libertad de creación de centros docentes, dentro del respeto a los principios constitucionales. 7. Los profesores, los padres y, en su caso, los alumnos intervendrán en el control y gestión de todos los centros sostenidos por la Administración con fondos públicos, en los términos que la ley establezca. 8. Los poderes públicos inspeccionarán y homologarán el sistema educativo para garantizar el cumplimiento de las leyes. 9. Los poderes públicos ayudarán a los centros docentes que reúnan los requisitos que la ley establezca. 10. Se reconoce la autonomía de las Universidades, en los términos que la ley establezca.
Chapter 1 - Basic Principles of the form of government: Article 2 The personal, economic and cultural welfare of the individual shall be fundamental aims of public activity. In particular, the public institutions shall secure the right to employment, housing and education, and shall promote social care and social security, as well as favourable conditions for good health. (...) Chapter 2 - Fundamental Rights and Freedoms: Article 18 All children covered by compulsory schooling shall be entitled to a free basic education in the public education system. The public institutions shall be responsible also for the provision of higher education. The freedom of research is protected according to rules laid down in law.
1 kapitlet - Statsskickets grunder: 2 § Den enskildes personliga, ekonomiska och kulturella välfärd ska vara grundläggande mål för den offentliga verksamheten. Särskilt ska det allmänna trygga rätten till arbete, bostad och utbildning samt verka för social omsorg och trygghet och för goda förutsättningar för hälsa (...); 2 kapitlet - Grundläggande fri- och rättigheter: 18 § Alla barn som omfattas av den allmänna skolplikten har rätt till kostnadsfri grundläggande utbildning i allmän skola. Det allmänna ska svara också för att högre utbildning finns. Forskningens frihet är skyddad enligt bestämmelser som meddelas i lag.
Section 7 Duty of parents to secure education of children of compulsory school age.
(c) has not attained a level 3 qualification (see section 3).
(ii) participate in sufficient relevant training or education in each relevant period (see sections 6 to 8).
(b) where the arrangements call for the person to be participating in training or education at the time, the person is so participating.
This report assesses asylum seekers’ and refugees’ opportunities to access early childhood education and primary, secondary and tertiary education and training. It identifies measures available for their support, as well as possible areas for improvement.
This report presents the results of the European Union Agency’s for Fundamental Rights (FRA) 2011 Roma survey on poverty and employment, which show, for example, that although most Roma are actively seeking a job, only about a third of those surveyed has paid work, which is often precarious and informal. It reveals multiple challenges:very low employment rates were observed, in particular for young Roma.
This report examines the results of the European Union Agency’s for Fundamental Rights (FRA) 2011 Roma survey on education, which show that considerable gaps between Roma and non‑Roma children persist at all educational levels.
This paper provides an analysis of data collected through FRA’s Roma Survey broken down by gender and covering the core areas of employment, education, housing and health, as well as any other gender‐sensitive policy areas. The paper is the result of a request made by the President of the European Parliament to the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) on 27 June 2013.
Roma - Europe's largest minority of 10-12 million people - continue to experience discrimination and social exclusion; and they are not sufficiently aware of their rights guaranteed by EU law, such as the Racial Equality Directive. This report presents the first results of the FRA Roma pilot survey and the UNDP/World Bank/European Commission regional Roma survey carried out in 2011.
This factsheet presents the first results of the surveys based on an analysis of only part of the available data. The results presented are a first step in addressing the severe lack of data on the socio-economic situation of Roma in the EU and the fulfilment of their rights.
The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights held its annual Fundamental Rights Conference 'Dignity and rights of irregular migrants' in Warsaw on 21-22 November 2011. This paper summarises the discussions that took place during the conference and presents follow-up activities to be undertaken by FRA.

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