Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9013350B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 06:21:27+00:00

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2010-09-15 First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=43464897&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=US9013350(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In one embodiment, an area in which a mobile device may be located is determined using a satellite-based positioning system (SPS). An area in which the mobile device may be located is determined using a wireless local area network based positioning system (WLAN-PS). The area determined using the SPS is compared to the area determined using the WLAN-PS. In response to the area determined using the SPS being remote from the area determined using the WLAN-PS, it is concluded that the one or more WLAN APs have been moved to be about the area determined using the SPS. One or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs are updated in the reference database.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/551,305, filed Jul. 17, 2012, and entitled “Systems and Methods for Using a Satellite Positioning System to Detect Moved WLAN Access Points,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/211,690, filed Aug. 17, 2011, and entitled “Systems and Methods for Using a Satellite Positioning System to Detect Moved WLAN Access Points,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,223,074, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/504,373, filed Jul. 16, 2009, and entitled “Systems and Methods for Using a Satellite Positioning System to Detect Moved WLAN Access Points,” now U.S. Pat. No. 8,022,877, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
WLAN-based positioning is a technology which uses WLAN access points to determine the location of mobile users. Metro-wide WLAN-based positioning systems have been explored by several research labs. The most important research efforts in this area have been conducted by the PlaceLab (www.placelab.corn, a project sponsored by Microsoft and Intel); the University of California, San Diego ActiveCampus project (ActiveCampus Sustaining Educational Communities through Mobile Technology, technical report #CS2002-0714); and the MIT campus-wide location system. There is only one commercial metropolitan WLAN-based positioning system in the market at the time of this writing, and it is referred to herein as the WPS (WiFi positioning system) product of Skyhook Wireless, Inc.
FIG. 1 depicts a conventional WLAN-based positioning system based on WiFi signals. The positioning system includes positioning software 103 that resides on a mobile or user device 101. Throughout a particular target geographical area, there are a plurality of fixed wireless access points 102 that transmit information using control/common channel signals. The device 101 monitors these transmissions. Each access point contains a unique hardware identifier known as a MAC address. The client positioning software 103 receives transmissions from the 802.11 access points in its range and calculates the geographic location of the computing device using the characteristics of the radio signals. Those characteristics include the MAC addresses, the unique identifiers of the 802.11 access points, the Time of Arrival (TOA) of the signals, and the signal strength at the client device 101. The client software 103 compares the observed 802.11 access points with those in its reference database 104 of access points. This reference database 104 mayor may not reside in the device 101. The reference database 104 contains the calculated geographic locations and power profiles of all access points the system has collected. A power profile may be generated from a collection of measurements of the signal power or signal TOA at various locations. Using these known locations or power profiles, the client software 103 calculates the position of the user device 101 relative to the known positions of the access points 102 and determines the device's 101 absolute geographic coordinates in the form of latitude and longitude or latitude, longitude and altitude. These readings then can be fed to location-based applications such as friend finders, local search web sites, fleet management systems, and an E911 service.
HPE estimation device 209 estimates the expected error of the estimated location. The HPE estimation device 209 is conventional and calculates expected error based on geometry of the satellites and signal quality of the received signal from satellites, for example, DOP (dilution of precision), and e/N (carrier to noise ratio).
This process of detecting WLAN AP movement can be applied to every detected WLANAP.
The WLAN-PS 301 functions in a similar manner as the WLAN-PS 201 shown in FIG. 2 except that WLAN AP selection device 303 is configured to receive raw SPS measurements 311 and an SPS location estimate 312 when they are available. The integration of the raw SPS measurement 311 and the SPS location estimate 312 with WLANPS 301 changes the design of WLAN APs selection device 303. The WLAN-PS 301 can take advantage of the raw SPS measurements when at least two satellites are acquired even without any fix or solution from the SPS 306.
FIG. 4B illustrates an integrated WLAN-PS 401-2 and SPS 406-2, when measurements from satellites 404-2 do not result in a location estimate of the mobile device, but at least two satellites 404-2 are acquired. The WLAN-PS 401-2 uses WLAN APs 402-2 to estimate the location of the mobile device. Considering the expected error of the location estimate of the WLAN-PS, there will be a general geographical region 405-2 of the WLANPS location estimate. Acquired satellites 404-2 refer to a set of possible locations for the mobile device 403-2. If the WLAN-PS general area 405-2 is far from the SPS possible location estimates for the mobile device 403-2, it is concluded that the WLAN APs 402-2 were moved to the new area close to the general area reported by SPS 403-2.
In which rs, is the pseudorange measurement, r is the actual distance from satellite, and b is the clock bias of SPS receiver. The index one and two are used for a first satellite and a second satellite. As it is seen in the above equations, there are three unknowns and two equations. Therefore, there is a set of solutions, or for any value of the clock bias of the SPS receiver there is a solution for r1 and r2. In the case of two satellites, the consistency between the measurements cannot be calculated. Therefore, there is no cluster of only two satellites. However, if a location estimate from WLAN-PS is also considered, the exact distance of satellites to the estimated location of WLAN-PS can be calculated (r, and r−), and the value of b can be found from both equations. If the estimated location by WLAN-PS is correct, the satellite measurements are correct, and the estimated location is the exact location of the mobile device; the calculated b from both equations should be exactly the same. Otherwise, they are different, and the difference between calculated b values from two equations is an indication of the distance between the estimated locations of the WLAN-PS and the satellite measurements. In other words, in the case that a cluster consists of two satellites and a location estimate from WLAN-PS, the difference between b values is an indication of consistency of the measurements.
updating the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs in the reference database.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the satellite measurements are satellite measurements from at least two satellites but less than four satellites.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the satellite measurements are insufficient to select a single location estimate for the mobile device.
applying an expected error to the location estimate to produce the area determined using the SPS.
changing the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs in the reference database based on the concluding.
indicating in the reference database that the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs are not the present locations of the WLAN APs.
providing the set of multiple possible locations from the SPS to the WLAN-PS.
providing raw SPS measurements from the SPS to the WLAN-PS.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the area determined using the SPS and the area determined using the WLAN-PS are each geographical regions.
wherein the WLAN-PS is further configured to compare the area determined using the SPS to the area determined using the WLAN-PS, in response to the area determined using the SPS being greater than a threshold distance from the area determined using the WLAN-PS, conclude that the one or more WLAN APs have been moved, and update the reference database.
11. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the satellite measurements are satellite measurements from at least two satellites but less than four satellites.
12. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the WLAN-PS is further configured to determine a location estimate for the mobile device from the one or more locations in the reference database associated with the one or more WLAN APs detected by the WLAN scanner, and apply an expected error to the location estimate to produce the area determined using the WLAN-PS.
13. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the WLAN-PS is further configured to change the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs in the reference database.
14. The mobile device of claim 10, wherein the WLAN-PS is further configured to indicate in the reference database that the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs are not the present locations of the WLAN APs.
update the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs in the reference database.
16. The software of claim 15, wherein the satellite measurements are satellite measurements from at least two satellites but less than four satellites.
apply an expected error to the location estimate to produce the second area.
change the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs in the reference database.
indicate in the reference database that the one or more locations of the one or more WLAN APs are not the present locations of the WLAN APs.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein the threshold is an expected coverage of one of the WLAN APs.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the expected coverage is a nominal coverage.
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