Source: http://chem.ubc.ca/donald-brooks
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 01:52:02+00:00

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It is known that grafted polymer chains have a strong effect on the interaction of surfaces with blood and biological fluids. Our approach to developing biocompatible surfaces is to synthesize relatively large, surfactant-free solid polymer latex beads based on polystyrene and provide them with a reactive copolymer shell to allow grafting of acrylate-based monomers and co-monomers. These provide model, polymer-bearing surfaces which are then evaluated via biocompatibility reactions with proteins and cells. By assaying the number of reacted surface groups and the amount of monomer incorporated the molecular weights of the grafts are determined. The surfaces are then characterized by traditional (NMR), surface chemical (XPS) and non-traditional approaches (particle electrophoresis; contact angles in phase separated aqueous two phase mixtures) to provide unique descriptions of the grafted chain phase and its effects on biocompatibility. The grafted beads are further evaluated as high resolution chromatographic media by packing them in HPLC columns and measuring plate heights and partit ion coefficients for biomolecules, the latter parameter providing a further characterization of the grafted layer.
The grafted surfaces are also being used to develop a thermodynamic method for measuring the accessibility of various locations in the grafted layer to dissolved macromolecules as a tool to be applied to cell surface structure definition. The particles are further used in studies of the colloidal stability of suspensions and the effects of grafted chain composition on depletion or bridging destabilization induced by dissolved macromolecules.
Work on macromolecular stabilizing agents for cells via adsorption of copolymers to cell surfaces, is being extended towards development of disaggregation agents for whole blood. The effects of such agents on the rheological behaviour of blood from diabetes, stroke and heart attack patients is being studied out as a possible treatment for the abnormally high red cell aggregation known to be a risk fact or in these patients.
A significant enhancement in sensitivity to cell surface properties is being sought in work on the development of cell isolation procedures utilizing partition in phase separated two polymer solutions. The separations depend on the surface free energy of cells in the phases and on a stochastic factor that is likely associated with the gravity-driven flows present during phase separation. To circumvent these effects we are synthesizing copolymers with which to make equal density phases to allow experiments of the type we performed previously on the Space Shuttle.
B.Sc., British Columbia (1964); M.Sc., British Columbia (C.P.S. Taylor, 1967); Ph.D., Oregon (G.V.F. Seaman, 1971); Postdoctoral, Weizmann Institute (A. Silberberg, 1971-72) and Cambridge (D.A. Haydon, 1972-74).
Zhang, J. G. ; Krajden, O. B. ; Kainthan, R. K. ; Kizhakkedathu, J. N. ; Constantinescu, I. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Gyongyossy-Issa, M. I. C. Conjugation To Hyperbranched Polyglycerols Improves Rgd-Mediated Inhibition Of Platelet Function In Vitro. Bioconjugate chemistry 2008, 19, 1241-7.
Kainthan, R. K. ; Mugabe, C. ; Burt, H. M. ; Brooks, D. E. Unimolecular Micelles Based On Hydrophobically Derivatized Hyperbranched Polyglycerols: Ligand Binding Properties. Biomacromolecules 2008, 9, 886-895.
Kainthan, R. K. ; Hester, S. R. ; Levin, E. ; Devine, D. V. ; Brooks, D. E. In Vitro Biological Evaluation Of High Molecular Weight Hyperbranched Polyglycerols. Biomaterials 2007, 28, 4581-4590.
Kainthan, R. K. ; Brooks, D. E. In Vivo Biological Evaluation Of High Molecular Weight Hyperbranched Polyglycerols. Biomaterials 2007, 28, 4779-4787.
Coad, B. R. ; Kizhakkedathu, J. N. ; Haynes, C. A. ; Brooks, D. E. Synthesis Of Novel Size Exclusion Chromatography Support By Surface Initiated Aqueous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Langmuir 2007, 23, 11791-11803.
Coad, B. R. ; Steels, B. M. ; Kizhakkedathu, J. N. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Haynes, C. A. The Influence Of Grafted Polymer Architecture And Fluid Hydrodynamics On Protein Separation By Entropic Interaction Chromatography. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 2007, 97, 574-587.
Goodman, D. ; Kizhakkedathu, J. N. ; Brooks, D. E. Attractive Bridging Interactions In Dense Polymer Brushes In Good Solvent Measured By Atomic Force Microscopy. Langmuir 2004, 20, 2333-2340.
Goodman, D. ; Kizhakkedathu, J. N. ; Brooks, D. E. Evaluation Of An Atomic Force Microscopy Pull-Off Method For Measuring Molecular Weight And Polydispersity Of Polymer Brushes: Effect Of Grafting Density. Langmuir 2004, 20, 6238-6245.
Yang, C. ; Kizhakkedathu, J. N. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Jin, F. ; Wu, C. Laser-Light-Scattering Study Of Internal Motions Of Polymer Chains Grafted On Spherical Latex Particles. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2004, 108, 18479-18484.
Brooks, D. E. ; Haynes, C. A. ; Hritcu, D. ; Steels, B. M. ; Muller, W. Size Exclusion Chromatography Does Not Require Pores. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2000, 97, 7064-7067.
Brooks, D. E. Can Cytoplasm Exist Without Undergoing Phase Separation?. In International Review of Cytology - a Survey of Cell Biology, Vol 192; International Review of Cytology - a Survey of Cell Biology, Vol 192; Academic Press Inc: San Diego, 2000; Vol. 192, pp. 321-330.
Janzen, J. ; Elliott, T. G. ; Carter, C. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Detection Of Red Cell Aggregation By Low Shear Rate Viscometry In Whole Blood With Elevated Plasma Viscosity. Biorheology 2000, 37, 225-237.
Johansson, H. O. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Haynes, C. A. Macromolecular Crowding And Its Consequences. In International Review of Cytology - a Survey of Cell Biology, Vol 192; International Review of Cytology - a Survey of Cell Biology, Vol 192; Academic Press Inc: San Diego, 2000; Vol. 192, pp. 155-170.
Brooks, D. E. ; Devine, D. V. ; Harris, P. C. ; Harris, J. E. ; Miller, M. E. ; Olal, A. D. ; Spiller, L. J. ; Xie, Z. C. Ramp (Tm): A Rapid, Quantitative Whole Blood Immunochromatographic Platform For Point-Of-Care Testing. Clinical Chemistry 1999, 45, 1676-1678.
Kerrigan, S. ; Brooks, D. E. Optimization And Immunological Characterization Of A Photochemically Coupled Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (Lsd) Immunogen. Bioconjugate Chemistry 1998, 9, 596-603.
Brooks, D. E. ; Muller, W. Size-Exclusion Phases And Repulsive Protein-Polymer Interaction/recognition. Journal of Molecular Recognition 1996, 9, 697-700.
LeDissez, C. ; Wong, P. C. ; Mitchell, K. A. R. ; Brooks, D. E. Analysis Of Surface Aldehyde Functions On Surfactant-Free Polystyrene/polyacrolein Latex (Vol 29, Pg 953, 1996). Macromolecules 1996, 29, 3338-3338.
Lutwyche, P. ; Norrisjones, R. ; Brooks, D. E. Aqueous 2-Phase Polymer Systems As Tools For The Study Of A Recombinant Surface-Expressed Escherichia-Coli Hemagglutinin. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1995, 61, 3251-3255.
Melzak, K. A. ; Janzen, J. ; Brooks, D. E. Electrostatic Effects On The Adsorption And Carbodiimide-Mediated Coupling Of Ferrichrome-A To Amine-Modified Silica. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1995, 174, 480-489.
Walter, H. ; Brooks, D. E. Phase-Separation In Cytoplasm, Due To Macromolecular Crowding, Is The Basis For Microcompartmentation. Febs Letters 1995, 361, 135-139.
Lutwyche, P. ; Rupps, R. ; Cavanagh, J. ; Warren, R. A. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Cloning, Sequencing, And Viscometric Adhesion Analysis Of Heat-Resistant Agglutinin 1, An Integral Membrane Hemagglutinin From Escherichia-Coli-O9-H10-K99. Infection and Immunity 1994, 62, 5020-5026.
Boyce, J. F. ; Hovanes, B. A. ; Harris, J. M. ; VanAlstine, J. M. ; Brooks, D. E. The Wetting Behavior Of Aqueous 2-Phase Polymer Test Systems On Dextran Coated Glass Surfaces - Effect Of Molecular-Weight. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1992, 149, 153-161.
Webber, T. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Age-Related Heterogeneity Of Platelet Surface-Properties Detected By Partition In 2 Phase Aqueous Polymer Systems. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 1991, 65, 1147-1147.
Brooks, D. E. ; Skuse, D. ; Stocks, S. J. Polyacrylamide As An Effective Derivatizing Polymer For Affinity Partitioning Of Igg. Biophysical Journal 1990, 57, A261-A261.
Brooks, D. E. ; Cavanagh, J. ; Jayroe, D. ; Janzen, J. ; Snoek, R. ; Trust, T. J. Involvement Of The Mn Blood-Group Antigen In Shear-Enhanced Hemagglutination Induced By The Escherichia-Coli F41 Adhesin. Infection and Immunity 1989, 57, 377-383.
Stocks, S. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Production And Isolation Of Large Quantities Of Monoclonal-Antibody Using Serum-Free Medium And Fast Protein Liquid-Chromatography. Hybridoma 1989, 8, 241-247.
Janzen, J. ; Brooks, D. E. Do Plasma-Proteins Adsorb To Red-Cells. Clinical Hemorheology 1989, 9, 695-714.
Skuse, D. R. ; Muller, W. ; Brooks, D. E. Column Chromatographic-Separation Of Cells Using Aqueous Polymeric 2-Phase Systems. Analytical Biochemistry 1988, 174, 628-635.
Skuse, D. R. ; Brooks, D. E. Column-Based Separation Of Erythrocytes Using Aqueous Polymeric 2-Phase Systems. Journal of Chromatography-Biomedical Applications 1988, 432, 127-135.
Stocks, S. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Development Of A General Ligand For Immunoaffinity Partitioning In 2 Phase Aqueous Polymer Systems. Analytical Biochemistry 1988, 173, 86-92.
Bamberger, S. ; VanAlstine, J. M. ; Harris, J. M. ; Baird, J. K. ; Snyder, R. S. ; Boyce, J. ; Brooks, D. E. Demixing Of Aqueous Polymer 2-Phase Systems In Low Gravity. Separation Science and Technology 1988, 23, 17-34.
Albertsson, P. A. ; Cajarville, A. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Tjerneld, F. Partition Of Proteins In Aqueous Polymer 2-Phase Systems And The Effect Of Molecular-Weight Of The Polymer. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1987, 926, 87-93.
Boyce, J. F. ; Brooks, D. E. Interactions Of Defined Membrane Surfaces With Aqueous 2-Phase Polymer Test Systems. Biophysical Journal 1987, 51, A205-A205.
Brooks, D. E. ; Boyce, J. F. Cell-Surface Structure And Cellular Interactions. Biorheology 1986, 23, 192-192.
Brooks, D. E. ; Sharp, K. A. Electrokinetic Effects Of Neutral Polymer Adsorption To Erythrocytes. Biorheology 1986, 23, 258-258.
Hill, R. S. ; Norrisjones, R. ; Still, B. ; Brooks, D. E. Surface-Charge And Hydrophobic Properties Of Fresh And Cryopreserved Blood Phagocytes As Determined By Partition In 2-Phase Aqueous Polymer Systems. American Journal of Hematology 1986, 21, 249-257.
VanAlstine, J. M. ; Trust, T. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Differential Partition Of Virulent Aeromonas-Salmonicida And Attenuated Derivatives Possessing Specific Cell-Surface Alterations In Polymer Aqueous-Phase Systems. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1986, 51, 1309-1313.
VanAlstine, J. M. ; Sorensen, P. ; Webber, T. J. ; Greig, R. ; Poste, G. ; Brooks, D. E. Heterogeneity In The Surface-Properties Of B16-Melanoma Cells From Sublines With Differing Metastatic Potential Detected Via 2-Polymer Aqueous-Phase Partition. Experimental Cell Research 1986, 164, 366-378.
Skuse, D. R. ; Brooks, D. E. Column Chromatographic-Separation Of Erythrocytes Using Aqueous Polymeric 2-Phase Systems. Biophysical Journal 1986, 49, A144-A144.
VanAlstine, J. M. ; Sharp, K. A. ; Brooks, D. E. Critical Micelle Concentration-Dependence On Headgroup Size In Polyoxyethylene Nonionic Surfactants. Colloids and Surfaces 1986, 17, 115-121.
Stocks, S. J. ; Jones, A. J. M. ; Ramey, C. W. ; Brooks, D. E. A Fluorometric Assay Of The Degree Of Modification Of Protein Primary Amines With Polyethylene-Glycol. Analytical Biochemistry 1986, 154, 232-234.
Sharp, K. A. ; Yalpani, M. ; Howard, S. J. ; Brooks, D. E. Synthesis And Application Of A Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Antibody Affinity Ligand For Cell Separations In Aqueous Polymer 2-Phase Systems. Analytical Biochemistry 1986, 154, 110-117.
Sharp, K. A. ; Brooks, D. E. Calculation Of The Electrophoretic Mobility Of A Particle Bearing Bound Poly-Electrolyte Using The Nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann Equation. Biophysical Journal 1985, 47, 563-566.
Brooks, D. E. ; Sharp, K. A. Electrokinetic Effects Of Neutral Polymer Adsorption. Biophysical Journal 1985, 47, A160-A160.
Yalpani, M. ; Brooks, D. E. Selective Chemical Modifications Of Dextran. Journal of Polymer Science Part a-Polymer Chemistry 1985, 23, 1395-1405.
Brooks, D. E. The Biorheology Of Tumor-Cells. Biorheology 1984, 21, 85-91.
VanAlstine, J. M. ; Brooks, D. E. Cell-Membrane Abnormality Detected In Erythrocytes From Patients With Multiple-Sclerosis By Partition In 2-Polymer Aqueous-Phase Systems. Clinical Chemistry 1984, 30, 441-443.
Bamberger, S. ; Seaman, G. V. F. ; Sharp, K. A. ; Brooks, D. E. The Effects Of Salts On The Interfacial-Tension Of Aqueous Dextran Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Phase Systems. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1984, 99, 194-200.
Brooks, D. E. ; Sharp, K. A. ; Bamberger, S. ; Tamblyn, C. H. ; Seaman, G. V. F. ; Walter, H. Electrostatic And Electrokinetic Potentials In 2 Polymer Aqueous Phase Systems. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1984, 102, 1-13.
Brooks, D. E. Glycophorin A Acts As A Receptor For Escherichia-Coli K99 Binding. Biophysical Journal 1984, 45, A198-A198.
Bamberger, S. ; Seaman, G. V. F. ; Brown, J. A. ; Brooks, D. E. The Partition Of Sodium-Phosphate And Sodium-Chloride In Aqueous Dextran Poly(Ethylene Glycol) 2-Phase Systems. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1984, 99, 187-193.
Harris, J. M. ; Case, M. G. ; Hovanes, B. A. ; VanAlstine, J. M. ; Brooks, D. E. Purification Of Biomaterials By Phase-Partitioning With Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Alkyl Ethers. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Product Research and Development 1984, 23, 86-88.
Harris, J. M. ; Struck, E. C. ; Case, M. G. ; Paley, M. S. ; VanAlstine, J. M. ; Brooks, D. E. Synthesis And Characterization Of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Derivatives. Journal of Polymer Science Part a-Polymer Chemistry 1984, 22, 341-352.
Levine, S. ; Levine, M. ; Sharp, K. A. ; Brooks, D. E. Theory Of The Electrokinetic Behavior Of Human-Erythrocytes. Biophysical Journal 1983, 42, 127-135.
Yalpani, M. ; Hall, L. D. ; Tung, M. A. ; Brooks, D. E. Unusual Rheology Of A Branched, Water-Soluble Chitosan Derivative. Nature 1983, 302, 812-814.
Brooks, D. E. The Biorheology Of Tumor-Cells. Biorheology 1983, 20, 368-369.
Brooks, D. E. ; Trust, T. J. Enhancement Of Bacterial Adhesion By Shear Forces - Characterization Of The Hemagglutination Induced By Aeromonas-Salmonicida Strain 438. Journal of General Microbiology 1983, 129, 3661-3669.
Brooks, D. E. ; Trust, T. J. Interactions Of Erythrocytes With Bacteria Under Shear. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1983, 416, 319-331.
Brooks, D. E. Effects Of Shear On Erythrocyte-Membrane Reactions. International Journal of Microcirculation-Clinical and Experimental 1982, 1, 236-236.
Bartels, P. H. ; Olson, G. B. ; Bartels, H. G. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Seaman, G. V. F. The Automated Analytical Electrophoresis Microscope. Cell Biophysics 1981, 3, 371-386.
Greig, R. G. ; Brooks, D. E. Enhanced Concanavalin-A Agglutination Of Trypsinized Erythrocytes Is Due To A Specific Class Of Aggregation. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1981, 641, 410-415.
Brooks, D. E. ; Greig, R. G. Mechanistic Studies On The Shear-Enhanced Agglutination Of Erythrocytes Induced By Lectins. Biorheology 1981, 18, 273-274.
Brooks, D. E. ; Levine, S. ; Levine, M. ; Sharp, K. A New Theory Of Cell Electrophoresis. Biophysical Journal 1981, 33, A175-A175.
Brooks, D. E. Oral Contraception - Consequences For Blood Rheology And Related Parameters. Biorheology 1981, 18, 273-273.
Larsen, F. L. ; Katz, S. ; Roufogalis, B. D. ; Brooks, D. E. Physiological Shear Stresses Enhance The Ca-2+ Permeability Of Human-Erythrocytes. Nature 1981, 294, 667-668.
Brooks, D. E. ; Easthope, P. L. Rheological Characteristics Of Blood Through The Menstrual-Cycle. Biorheology 1981, 18, 485-492.
Easthope, P. L. ; Brooks, D. E. A Comparison Of Rheological Constitutive Functions For Whole Human-Blood. Biorheology 1980, 17, 235-247.
Greig, R. G. ; Brooks, D. E. Concanavalin-A Induces 3 Distinct Classes Of Aggregation In Suspensions Of Human-Erythrocytes. European Journal of Cell Biology 1980, 22, 238-238.
Walter, H. ; Tamblyn, C. H. ; Levy, E. M. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Seaman, G. V. F. Electrophoretic Mobilities Of Human Peripheral-Blood Lymphocytes Sub-Fractionated By Partitioning In 2 Polymer Aqueous Phase Systems. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta 1980, 598, 193-199.
Brooks, D. E. ; Greig, R. G. Shear Induced Concanavalin A Agglutination Of Human-Erythrocytes. Federation Proceedings 1980, 39, 2104-2104.
Pang, Y. C. ; Reid, P. E. ; Brooks, D. E. Solubility And Distribution Of Halothane In Human-Blood. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1980, 52, 851-862.
Pang, Y. C. ; Reid, P. E. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Leighton, K. M. ; Bruce, C. Uptake And Distribution Of Halothane In Dog-Blood. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 1980, 58, 1078-1085.
Easthope, P. ; Brooks, D. E. Comparison Of Constitutive Functions For Whole Human-Blood. Microvascular Research 1979, 17, S110-S110.
Greig, R. G. ; Brooks, D. E. Erythrocyte Interactions Associated With Specific Bridging Reactions - Shear-Induced Aggregation. Microvascular Research 1979, 17, S75-S75.
Janzen, J. ; Brooks, D. E. Interaction Of Purified Fibrinogen With Erythrocyte-Membranes. Microvascular Research 1979, 17, S39-S39.
Greig, R. G. ; Brooks, D. E. Shear-Induced Concanavalin-A Agglutination Of Human-Erythrocytes. Nature 1979, 282, 738-739.
Aplin, J. D. ; Brooks, D. E. ; Culling, C. F. A. ; Hall, L. D. ; Reid, P. E. Spin-Labeling Of Sialic-Acid In Soluble And Cell-Surface Glycoproteins. Carbohydrate Research 1979, 75, 11-16.

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