Source: https://patents.google.com/patent/US9314270B2/en
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 08:14:09+00:00

Document:
2013-10-21 Assigned to VIDACARE CORPORATION reassignment VIDACARE CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MILLER, LARRY J.
An apparatus and method for penetrating bone marrow is provided. The apparatus may include a housing such as a handheld body, a penetrator assembly, a connector that releasably attaches the penetrator assembly to a drill shaft, a gear mechanism, a motor and a power supply and associated circuitry operable to power the motor. The penetrator assembly may include a removable inner trocar and an outer penetrator or needle. It may also include a grooved trocar that allows bone chips to be expelled as the apparatus is inserted into bone marrow. Various connectors are provided to attach the penetrator assembly to the drill shaft.
This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/253,959 filed Oct. 19, 2005, which is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/449,476, filed May 30, 2003, and entitled “Apparatus and Method to Access the Bone Marrow”, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/384,756, filed May 31, 2002, and entitled “Apparatus and Method to Provide Access to Bone Marrow”. The entire contents of each of the above-referenced disclosures is specifically incorporated herein by reference without disclaimer.
In FIG. 3B gear assembly 38 is coupled to motor 30. Gear assembly 38 may be a reduction gear assembly, such as that shown in FIG. 3B that functions to reduce the revolutions per minute (RPMs) between the motor and drill shaft 40 and to increase drill shaft torque. Depending on the type of motor employed in the invention, gear assembly may or not be of the reduction type.
By way of example and not limitation, a reduction gear assembly, for example a worm gear assembly is shown in more detail in FIG. 4A and may include first connector 43 that connects shaft 44 of motor 30 to worm tear 46. Worm gear 46 may engage spur gear 47. Reduction gear assembly 38 may be used to decrease the RPMs between the motor and penetrator assembly to provide an optimum RPM at the point of insertion of penetrator assembly into bone. Reduction gear assembly 38 may also be used to increase the torque of drill shaft and drilling power.
FIGS. 5A-5C illustrate one embodiment of a penetrator assembly 55 operable to penetrate a bone marrow, having a removable inner trocar 50 and an outer penetrator 52. Also shown in FIG. 5A is a penetrator shield 26 that may be used to shield penetrator assembly 55 from inadvertent engagement and also serves to preserve needle sterility. In some embodiments outer penetrator 52 may be a type of needle or cannula. FIG. 5B illustrates outer penetrator 52 may include a male connecting piece 56 operable to engage a complementary female connecting piece 54 of inner trocar 50. Adjacent to male connecting piece 56 is connecting piece locking mechanism 58 that locks into position on female connecting piece 54. Alternatively outer penetrator may include a female connecting piece suitable to engage a complementary male connecting piece of an inner trocar. Luer lock attachment 57 is coupled to male connecting piece 56 for connection to an intravenous tubing or syringe after the outer penetrator is positioned in the bone marrow. Male connecting piece 56 and female connecting piece 54 may also be of the luer-lock type. Inner trocar 50 includes stylet 53 that keeps outer penetrator 52 from getting plugged with debris created during drilling. Stylet 53 acts in combination with cannula portion 51 of outer penetrator. Outer penetrator 52 may include flange 60 that abuts or interfaces the skin of an insertion site and may be used to stabilize a penetrator assembly at the time of insertion. Penetrator assembly 55 may include various types of connectors, such as connector 62 that may be used to connect penetrator assembly 55 to a powered drill. Connector 62 may be pentagonal as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C.
A method for providing access to the bone marrow includes using a powered drill, capable, of reciprocal or rotational motion, to insert a penetrator assembly that includes an outer penetrator and an inner trocar into a bone marrow cavity. The powered drill is then released from the penetrator assembly and the inner trocar is grasped and removed from the outer penetrator. A connector present on the end of the outer penetrator, for example a luer lock connector, is then available for attachment to either an adapter, such as a right angle connector or directly to an intravenous tubing or syringe.
1. A penetrator assembly operable to provide access to a bone marrow comprising: an outer penetrator and a removable inner trocar including a tip operable to penetrate the bone marrow; the removable inner trocar comprising: a first connector operable to releasably attach the penetrator assembly to a powered apparatus; and a handle includes a surface with a series of discs formed along a longitudinal axis of the trocar that allows a user to grasp and manipulate the inner trocar; and the outer penetrator comprising: a second connector operable to releasably engage the outer penetrator with either (i) the removable inner trocar such that the outer penetrator and removable inner trocar can be rotated into a bone together as a unit, or (ii) a source of fluids such that fluid can be delivered to a cannula portion of the outer penetrator; and a flange operable to engage an insertion site proximate the bone marrow, wherein the flange comprises at least one circular groove operable to removably receive a needle cover.
6. The penetrator assembly of claim 1 wherein the powered apparatus comprises a powered drill.
8. The penetrator assembly of claim 1 wherein the first connector further comprises a release mechanism selected from the group consisting of a magnetic disc, an 0-ring, a ball and detent mechanism.
9. The penetrator assembly of claim 1 wherein a proximal end of the first connector includes a recess extending toward the tip and through which a longitudinal axis of the removable inner trocar extends, the recess configured to receive a portion of a shaft to enable rotation of the penetrator assembly by the powered apparatus.
10. A penetrator assembly operable to provide access to a bone marrow comprising: an outer penetrator and a removable inner trocar including a tip operable to penetrate the bone marrow; the inner trocar having a handle includes a surface with a series of discs formed along a longitudinal axis of the trocar that allows a user to grasp and manipulate the assembly; the outer penetrator having a flange operable to engage an insertion site proximate the bone marrow, wherein the flange comprises at least one circular groove operable to removably receive a needle cover; and a first connector operable to releasably attach the penetrator assembly to a power drill; the outer penetrator includes a cutting tip with a planar surface, the removable inner trocar includes a cutting tip with a planar surface, and the inner trocar is configured to be coupled to the outer penetrator such that the planar surface of the inner trocar is coplanar with the planar surface of the outer penetrator.
11. The penetrator assembly of claim 10 further comprising a second connector operable to releasably engage the inner trocar with the outer penetrator.
14. The penetrator assembly of claim 10 further comprising a penetrator shield operable to prevent inadvertent engagement and to preserve sterility.
15. The penetrator assembly of claim 10 wherein a proximal end of the first connector includes a recess extending toward the tip and through which a longitudinal axis of the removable inner trocar extends, the recess configured to receive a portion of a shaft to enable rotation of the penetrator assembly by the power drill.
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References: Application No. 05
 Application No. 2003240970
 Application No. 03756317
 Application No. 08158699
 Application No. 200780000590
 Application No. 200780001198
 Application No. 200880000182
 Application No. 200910006631
 Application No. 09
 Application No. 09150973
 Application No. 08158699