Source: https://stus.com/Health-Care
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 00:29:14+00:00

Document:
Public health laws are within police powers of states, and state is given broad discretion in making those laws.
Appropriate standard of care is degree of skill and learning used by members of profession in similar circumstances.
When imposing sanctions for deficient care, situation of all similar patients at facility must be considered, not just status of individual patient or patients. Administative law judge; civil penalty.
Perez v. Wyeth Laboratories Inc.
Learned intermediary doctrine. Prescription drug manufacturers that market directly to consumers are subject to failure-to-warn claims by consumers if advertising fails to provide adequate warning of products dangerous propensities.
Under discovery rule, medical malpractice claim does not accrue until patient has some knowledge of (1 )injury, (2) the injury's cause in fact, and (3) evidence of wrongdoing on part of person responsible. ocurrence rule.
Doe v. Medlantic Health Care Group, Inc.
Tort of breach of confidential relationship consists of unconsented, unprivileged disclosure to third party of nonpublic information learned within confidential relationship.
Hospital owes its emergency room patients nondelegable duty to render competent services.
Johnson v. Hillcrest Health Center, Inc.
Expert testimony is not necessary in medical malpractice case to show standard of care or deviations from that, if common knowledge of laypersons would enable jury to determine applicable standard of care and whether breach caused injury.
State anti-discrimination laws and regulations do not create cause of action against hospital that refuses to provide care for racial reasons.
ERISA does not preempt state insurance regulatory scheme that does not provide new cause of action under state law and that does not authorize new form of ultimate relief. HMO.
Claims that are not related to provision or denial of benefit under policy are not preempted by ERISA.
ERISA requires disclosure to plan beneficiaries if they ask for information, if disclosure of information would protect beneficiaries from misinformed decisions or if harm would result from failure to disclose material information.
Medical staff of a hospital has no authority over any corporate decisions, unless such authority is explicitly granted in corporate bylaws.
Claim is legally false for purposes of False Claims Act only when party certifies compliance with statute or regulation as condition to governmental payment. Act qui tam action.
Guardian ad litem. Unborn child is not person within meaning of statutes authorizing appointment of guardian over person. Plenary.
Donor has no property rights in body tissue and genetic matter donated for purposes of research. Unjust enrichment.
Decision to withdraw life-sustaining treatment must be supported by clear and convincing evidence that patient either wished to refuse treatment or that withdrawal would be in best interest of patient. Parens patriae.
Advance directive; living will. In absence of instructions, court may make decision on whether life support should be withdrawn, based on clear and convincing evidence of what patient would want.
Physician does not commit legal wrong when he provides treatment to minor without parental consent under emergent circumstances,if death is likely to result immediately upon failure to perform treatment.
Medical necessity is not defense available under Controlled Substances Act to distributors and manufacturers of marijuana.
Grimes v. Kennedy Krieger Institute, Inc.
Relationship between researchers and human subjects in nontherapeutic research projects may create special duties, breach of which may be basis for negligence action.
Berry v. Cardiology Consultants, P.A.; scientific evidence is relevant if it is probative of an issue in the case, such as the standard of care; Learned Treatise Rule; admissability of expert testimony.
Esqueval v. Watters; a sonogram technician owes no legal duty to provide medical treatment, diagnosis, or advice because no duty exists outside the physician-patient relationship.
Millard v. Corrado; physician duty of due care to a non-patient if the physician's allegedly negligent acts or omissions do not involve medical science, and public policy favors existence of a duty or harm is particularly foreseeable; negligence action.
Acosta v. Byrum et al.; HIPAA compliance violations may give rise to civil liability for negligence although HIPAA confers no private right of action, but create SOC for a negligence claim; negligent infliction of emotional distress.
Hinlicky v. Dreyfuss; hearsay evidence is admissible in negligence cases when used as demonstrative evidence to assist the jury in understanding the medical decision-making of a treating physician.
Strasel v. Seven Hills Ob-Gyn Assoc., Inc.; damages for her fear of birth defects in unborn child gives a cause of action for the negligent infliction of serious emotional distress if plaintiff-bystander reasonably appreciated the peril that took place.
Robins v. Garg; differing interpretations of undisputed facts suffice to create a question of fact for the jury to establish causation in a wrongful death action; but-for cause causation; malpractice; proximate cause.
Scott v. SSM Healthcare St. Louis; hospitals deemed to "control" physicians even though they cannot dictate the treatment given to patients; independent contractor; agent; principal; vicarious liability.
Burless v. West Virginia University Hospitals, Inc.; hospital liable for physician's negligence if hospital acted or failed to act so reasonable person believed physician was an agent of hospital and patient relied on apparent agency; apparent agent.
Carter v. Hucks-Folliss; a hospital should consider a doctor's board certification status when granting hospital privileges for physician conducting surgery.
Kadlec Med. Ctr. v. Lakeview Anesthesia Assoc.; hospitals may face liability for failing to disclose a former anesthesiologist's suspected drug abuse.
Pagarigan v. Aetna U.S. Healthcare of California, Inc.; an HMO that contracts out coverage decisions and the responsibility for patient care for capitation fee owes enrollees a duty of due care when choosing providers and in making contracts.
Brannan v. Northwest Permanente, P.C.; an HMO physician's compensation history is irrelevant to a patient's negligence case; a defendant's motive for acting is irrelevant to whether he breached the standard of care in malpractice lawsuit.
Retail Industry Leaders Association v. Fiedler; ERISA preempts state laws requiring employers to pay health insurance costs; or if directly regulates or effectively mandates some part of structure or administration of employers' ERISA plans.
Aetna Health, Inc. v. Davila; All actions brought for the denial of benefits by an ERISA-regulated benefit plan fall within the scope of, and are preempted by, ERISA.
Bellevue Hospital Center v. Leavitt; when assessing the propriety of agency action or regulation, only if there is silence or ambiguity on an issue, the agency has discretion as to how it implements a statute.
Lankford v. Sherman; Medicaid is a voluntary federal-state program, so a state that elects to participate in the program is bound by the requirements of federal law and regulations.
Federal Trade Commission v. Tenet Healthcare Corp.; a hospital merger did not deprive patients of practicable healthcare alternatives or choices.
In the Matter of Evanston Northwestern Healthcare Corp.; a hospital failed to establish non-merger justifications for price hikes; substantially inflating prices violates federal antitrust law; Clayton Act; divestiture.
State v. Wade; in absence of specific legislative direction, illegal drug use by a pregnant mother does not constitute child endangerment.

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