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Timestamp: 2019-04-20 13:23:52+00:00

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The membrane techniques have been widely applied in the advanced wastewater treatments and water reuse processes. To overcome the problems and constraints on the application of single organic membranes, the development of different polymer blend membranes and composite membranes have become a mainstream of membrane technology nowadays. The polymer compositions and materials of the polymer composite membranes significantly affect the pore distributions, pore size, porosity, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, surface roughness, and structure morphology. These characteristics can also affect the filtration properties, backwashing efficiencies, and fouling mechanisms of the blend and composite membranes. Therefore, this study tries to prepare the novel activated carbon (AC) polymer composite membranes and explores their characteristics of the pore distribution, structure morphology, hydrophilicity, and roughness as well as their performances on the pure water flux, permeation flux, and humic acid (HAs) removal efficiency. The surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity, and hydrophobicity of the AC composite membranes were measured by the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle analyzer. The filtration properties, fouling mechanisms and backwashing efficiencies of the AC polymer composite membranes were also investigated. The AC polymer composite membranes with high filtration flux, removal efficiency, and flux recovery rates were successfully developed for the future application in the wastewater treatment and water reuse processes. The polyphenylsulfone (PPSU)/polyetherimide (PEI)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/activated carbon (AC) composite membranes were prepared by using the wet phase inversion method, and modified by the addition of different ratios of hydrophilic PEI, PEG, and AC particles. The structure porosity, hydrophilicity, chemical properties, and surface roughness of the AC composite membranes were significantly improved, and the filtration flux was increased and the intrinsic membrane resistances were decreased. With the increased contents of AC particles, the filtration flux and permeability of the AC/PPSU/PEI/PEG composite membranes were improved. The addition of hydrophilic pore-formation agent PEG helped to increase the surface hydrophilicity and porosity as well as decrease the intrinsic membrane resistances of the AC/PPSU/PEI/PEG composite membranes. The filtration performance, backwashing properties and fouling mechanisms of the AC composite membranes were also investigated by operating at different filtration pressures, backwashing pressures, and backwashing frequency. The results illustrate that the AC polymer composite membranes can effectively increase the pure water flux (PWF), mitigate the decline of permeation flux (PF), increase the backwashing efficiency and flux recovery rate (FRR), reduce the formation of irreversible fouling, and prevent the polymer composite membranes deformed.

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