Source: http://www.scitribunal.org.uk/Types-of-Nullity/Nullity-due-to-Deficient-Consent
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 18:42:23+00:00

Document:
This is the most common type of nullity dealt with by the Tribunal. It requires a "judicial" procedure. This basically means that it is decided by judges in accordance with the applicable law of the Church. What is on trial is the validity of the bond of marriage. The participation of both parties is the best way for the judges to reach a just decision. If it can be legally proven that no true consent was given by one or both parties, then a declaration of the invalidity of the marriage will ensue. Since marriage enjoys the favour of the law, the presumption of the validity of the marriage stands until the contrary is proven through the judicial procedure. The "burden of proof" is on the party challenging the validity of the marriage. It is not the Tribunal's responsibility to prove or disprove anything, but only to pass judgment upon the evidence produced by the party challenging the validity. Not any reason for seeking a nullity can be admitted but only those reasons which the law itself permits. These reasons are known as "grounds of nullity." It is not necessary for a party, in a petition for nullity, to express the ground or grounds of nullity in technical legal terms. When the Judicial Vicar reads the petition, he will be able to tell whether a legally permitted ground of nullity is present, could turn out to be present or is clearly absent.
Canon 1096 §1 - For matrimonial consent to exist, it is necessary that the contracting parties be at least not ignorant of the fact that marriage is a permanent partnership between a man and a woman, ordered to the procreation of children through some form of sexual cooperation.
Canon 1097 - §1 Error about a person renders a marriage invalid.
Canon 1098 - A person contracts invalidly who enters marriage inveigled by deceit, perpetrated in order to secure consent, concerning some quality of the other party, which of its very nature can seriously disrupt the partnership of conjugal life.
Canon 1099 - Provided it does not determine the will, error concerning the unity or the indissolubility or the sacramental dignity of marriage does not vitiate matrimonial consent.
Canon 1100 - Knowledge of or opinion about the nullity of a marriage does not necessarily exclude matrimonial consent.
Canon 1101 §1 - The internal consent of the mind is presumed to conform to the words or the signs used in the celebration of a marriage.
§2 If, however, either or both of the parties should by a positive act of the will exclude marriage itself or any essential element of marriage or any essential property, such a party contracts invalidly.
Canon 1102 §1 - Marriage cannot be validly contracted subject to a condition concerning the future.
§2 Marriage entered into subject to a condition concerning the past or the present is valid or not, depending on whether or not whatever is subject to condition exists or not.
Canon 1103 - A marriage is invalid which was entered into by reason of force or of grave fear imposed from outside, even if not purposely, from which the person has no escape other than by choosing marriage.

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