Source: https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-26-2-1199
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 20:15:28+00:00

Document:
Asymmetric transmission (AT) holds significant applications in controlling polarization and propagation directions of electromagnetic waves. In this paper, tilted rectangular nanohole (TRNH) arrays in a square lattice are proposed to realize an AT effect. Numerical results show two AT modes in the transmission spectrum, and they are ascribed to the localized surface plasmon resonances around the two ends of TRNH and surface plasmon polaritons on the golden film. AT properties of the TRNH strongly depend on structural parameters, such as width, length, thickness, and tilted angle of TRNH. Results provide a novel mechanism for generating AT effect and offer potential plasmonic device applications, such as asymmetric wave splitters and optical isolators.
S. Engelbrecht, M. Wunderlich, A. M. Shuvaev, and A. Pimenov, “Colossal optical activity of split-ring resonator arrays for millimeter waves,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 97(8), 081116 (2010).
E. Plum, V. A. Fedotov, and N. I. Zheludev, “optical activity in extrinsically chiral metamaterial,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(19), 191911 (2008).
A. B. Khanikaev, N. Arju, Z. Fan, D. Purtseladze, F. Lu, J. Lee, P. Sarriugarte, M. Schnell, R. Hillenbrand, M. A. Belkin, and G. Shvets, “Experimental demonstration of the microscopic origin of circular dichroism in two-dimensional metamaterials,” Nat. Commun. 7, 12045 (2016).
T. Fu, Y. Qu, G. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Li, J. Li, L. Wang, and Z. Y. Zhang, “Tunable Chiroptical Response of Chiral Plasmonic Nanostructures Fabricated with Chiral TemplatesThrough Oblique Angle Deposition,” J. Phys. Chem. C 121(2), 1299–1304 (2017).
G. Kenanakis, A. Xomalis, A. Selimis, M. Vamvakaki, M. Farsari, M. Kafesaki, C. M. Soukoulis, and E. N. Economou, “Three-dimensional infrared metamaterial with asymmetric transmission,” ACS Photonics 2(2), 287–294 (2015).
C. Menzel, C. Helgert, C. Rockstuhl, E.-B. Kley, A. Tünnermann, T. Pertsch, and F. Lederer, “Asymmetric Transmission of Linearly Polarized Light at Optical Metamaterials,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(25), 253902 (2010).
Y. Ye and S. He, “90° polarization rotator using a bilayered chiral metamaterial with giant optical activity,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(20), 203501 (2010).
X. Xiong, W. H. Sun, Y. J. Bao, M. Wang, R. W. Peng, C. Sun, X. Lu, J. Shao, Z. F. Li, and N. B. Ming, “Construction of a chiral metamaterial with a U-shaped resonator assembly,” Phys. Rev. B 81(20), 075119 (2010).
D. H. Kwon, P. L. Werner, and D. H. Werner, “Optical planar chiral metamaterial designs for strong circular dichroism and polarization rotation,” Opt. Express 16(16), 11802–11807 (2008).
E. Plum, V. A. Fedotov, A. S. Schwanecke, N. I. Zheludev, and Y. Chen, “Giant optical gyrotropy due to electromagnetic coupling,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(16), 223113 (2007).
D. M. H. Leung, B. M. A. Rahman, and K. T. V. Grattan, “Numerical Analysis of Asymmetric Silicon Nanowire Waveguide as Compact Polarization Rotator,” IEEE Photonics J. 3(16), 381–388 (2011).
J. K. Gansel, M. Latzel, A. Frölich, J. Kaschke, M. Thiel, and M. Wegener, “Tapered gold-helix metamaterials as improved circular polarizers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100(16), 101109 (2012).
E. Plum, V. A. Fedotov, and N. I. Zheludev, “Extrinsic electromagnetic chirality inmetamaterials,” Pure Appl. Opt. 11(7), 074009 (2009).
M. Moccia, G. Gastaldi, V. Galdi, A. Alu, and N. Engheta, “Optical isolation via unidirectional resonant photo tunneling,” J. Appl. Phys. 115(4), 043107 (2014).
S. Fang, K. Luan, H. F. Ma, W. Lv, Y. Li, Z. Zhu, C. Guan, J. Shi, and T. J. Cui, “Asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized waves in terahertz chiral metamaterials,” J. Appl. Phys. 121(3), 033103 (2017).
J. Han, H. Li, Y. Fan, Z. Wei, C. Wu, Y. Cao, X. Yu, F. Li, and Z. Wang, “An ultrathin twist-structure polarization transformer based on fish-scale metallic wires,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98(10), 151908 (2011).
G. Kenanakis, A. Xomalis, A. Selimis, M. Vamvakaki, M. Farsari, M. Kafesaki, C. M. Soukoulis, and E. N. Eleftherios, “A three-dimensional infra-red metamaterial with asymmetric transmission,” ACS Photonics 10, 1021 (2015).
J. Shi, X. Liu, S. Yu, T. Lv, Z. Zhu, H. F. Ma, and T. J. Cui, “Dual-band asymmetric transmission of linear polarization in bilayered chiral metamaterial,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(10), 191905 (2013).
L. Wu, Z. Yang, Y. Cheng, M. Zhao, R. Gong, Y. Zheng, J. Duan, and X. Yuan, “Giant asymmetric transmission of circular polarization in layer-by-layer chiral metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 103(2), 021903 (2013).
L. Wu, Z. Yang, Y. Cheng, Z. Lu, P. Zhang, M. Zhao, R. Gong, X. Yuan, Y. Zheng, and J. Duan, “Electromagnetic manifestation of chirality in layer-by-layer chiral metamaterials,” Opt. Express 21(5), 5239–5246 (2013).
Y. Cheng, R. Gong, and L. Wu, “Ultra-Broadband Linear Polarization Conversion via Diode-Like Asymmetric Transmission with Composite Metamaterial for Terahertz Waves,” Plasma 12(2), 1113–1120 (2017).
V. A. Fedotov, A. S. Schwanecke, N. I. Zheludev, V. V. Khardikov, and S. L. Prosvirnin, “Asymmetric Transmission of Light and Enantiomerically Sensitive Plasmon Resonance in Planar Chiral Nanostructures,” Nano Lett. 7(7), 1996 (2007).
R. Singh, E. Plum, C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, A. K. Azad, R. A. Cheville, F. Lederer, W. Zhang, and N. I. Zheludev, “Terahertz metamaterial with asymmetric transmission,” Phys. Rev. B 80(15), 153104 (2009).
Z. H. LW. Liu,H. Cheng, S. Chen, and J. Tian, “Tunable dual-band asymmetric transmission for circularly polarized waves with graphene planar chiral metasurfaces,” Opt. Lett. 10(13), 1364 (2016).
J. Zhao, J. Zhang, Z. Zhu, X. Yuan, and S. Qin, “Tunable asymmetric transmission of THz wave through a grapheme planar chiral structure,” J. Opt. 18(9), 095001 (2016).
Y. Huang, Z. Yao, F. Hu, C. Liu, L. Yu, Y. Jin, and X. Xu, “Tunable circular polarization conversion and asymmetric transission pf planar chiral graphene-metamaterial in terahertz region,” Carbon 119, 305–313 (2017).
E. Plum, V. A. Fedotov, and N. I. Zheludev, “Planar metamaterial with transmission and reflection that depend on the direction of incidence,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 94(13), 131901 (2009).
C. Pan, M. Ren, Q. Li, S. Fan, and J. Xu, “Broadband asymmetric transmission of optical waves from spiral plasmonic.metamaterials,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 104(13), 121112 (2014).
A. V. Novitsky, V. M. Galynsky, and S. V. Zhukovsky, “Asymmetric transmission in planar chiral split-ring metamaterials: Microscopic Lorentz-theory approach,” Phys. Rev. B 86(13), 075138 (2012).
E. Plum, V. A. Fedotov, and N. I. Zheludev, “Asymmetric transmission: a generic property of two-dimensional periodic patterns,” J. Opt. 13(2), 024006 (2011).
P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical Constants of the Noble Metals,” Phys. Rev. B 613(2), 4370–4379 (1972).
H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, D. E. Grupp, T. W. Ebbesen, and H. J. Lezec, “Surface plasmons enhance optical transmission through subwavelength holes,” Phys. Rev. B 58(11), 6779–6782 (1998).
Fig. 1 (a) Schematic of TRNH arrays with perforated gold film and (b) Its unit cell with the the associated geometric features.
Fig. 2 Transmission (a) and AT (b) spectrum spectra of TRNH arrays under RCP and LCP light illuminations with structural parameters.
Fig. 3 Charge distributions of TRNH arrays at resonant wavelength for (a) (c) RCP and (b) (d) LCP light illumination. The resonances are labeled mode I and II.
Fig. 4 Transmission spectra of TRNH arrays under (a) LCP and (b) RCP light illuminations and (c) AT spectrum of with different periods.
Fig. 5 AT spectra of TRNH arrays with (a) different length l, (b) different width w and (c) different thickness t.
Fig. 6 AT spectra of TRNH arrays different orientation angle α with fixed length l = 520 nm, width w = 200 nm and t = 80 nm.

References: V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 

V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V.