Source: https://fairuse.stanford.edu/texaco/ala-amicus/
Timestamp: 2019-04-21 18:36:24+00:00

Document:
Susan G. Braden                             1401 Sixteenth Street, N.W.
HARCOURT BRACE JOVANOVICH LIMITED (FORMERLY ACADEMIC PRESS INC.
widespread access to information to expand knowledge.
use doctrine conveys far broader and more important protection.
reversal of the decision of the district court.
was an important measure of one's wealth and standing in society.
to the public were virtually nonexistent.
James Madison, known as "the father of the Constitution,"
these works were copyrighted.  Ibid.
publications that were destroyed when the British burned the U.S.
continues to exist primarily through libraries.
copyrighted works were made for scientific and scholarly research.
No. 73-68 (Ct. Cl. 1973).
served to advance science.  Williams & Wilkins, 487 F.2d at 1354.
which codified the fair use doctrine in Section 107 of the Act.
generally, Leval, "Toward a Fair Use Standard," 103 Harv. L. Rev.
The copyright law celebrates the profit motive . .
perspective than that of the district court in this case.
literature, music and the other arts.
public purpose may be achieved.
notwithstanding the monopoly granted to the owner"
copyright protection in the first instance . . . .
366 F.2d at 306-7 (citations omitted, emphasis added).
Id. at 95.  See also, New Era Publications International, ApS v.
110 S. Ct. 1168 (1990) ("New Era I").
developed in the case law and by congressional mandate.
be decided on its own facts."
doctrine.  See, e.g., New Era I, 873 F.2d at 589; Weissmann v.
Freeman, 868 F.2d 1313, 1323 (2d Cir. 1989); Maxtone-Graham v.
of U.S. v. General Signal Corp., 724 F.2d 1044, 1049 (2d Cir.
"supplanting" the "right of first" publication.  Nation, 471 U.S.
work for some new objective or purpose.
Congress used to describe this requisite element of fair use.
commercial exploitation of unpublished works disfavored in Nation.
quotations, fair use will be liberally applied.
724 F.2d at 1050.  See also, Nation, 471 U.S. at 563; Wright v.
471 U.S. at 562.  See also, Roy Export Co. Establishment v.
failing to give due credit to the propriety of Texaco's conduct.
copying individual articles thereof does not exhibit bad faith.
distribution that promoted the progress of science."  Id. at 16.
works which will qualify for tenure or simply promote their ideas.
make up the primary market for such research and scholarship.
at this juncture, see e.g., Computer Associates Intern., Inc. v.
that appear in an individual issue.
substantially of copying should be reversed.
with market ability, or usurping the market.
Sega, 977 F.2d at 1523, quoting Sony, 464 U.S. at 451.
it affect the limited monopoly conveyed by copyright.
insight as to what it believes "excessive expense" or "burdensome"
court even acknowledged, "what a scientist needs is a photocopy,"
shift to libraries.  Texaco, 802 F. Supp. at 22.
work.  Texaco, 802 F. Supp. at 18.
is incorrect and should be overruled.
author envisioned and intended for libraries in a free society.
ago, is still valid today.
Themselves With The Power Which Knowledge Gives.
one of the leading courts concerning the law of copyright.
designed to foster."  Iowa State Univ. Research Found., Inc. v.
2.    Pub. L. 94-553, Title I,  101, 17 U.S.C.  101 et seq. (Oct.
and (3) "notice of copyright" must be included. 17 U.S.C.  108(a).
A Historical Survey," 84 Law Library Journal 341, 346-49 (1992).
market for or value of the copyrighted work.
17 U.S.C.  107 (emphasis added).
remain in peril, as not all publications are registered with CCC.
CCC.  Texaco, 802 F. Supp. at 13-14 n.13.
but was conducting his research under a government contract?
view of the commerciality of the copier's motivations.

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