Source: https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v2_cou_nl_rule97
Timestamp: 2019-04-20 13:32:59+00:00

Document:
The Military Manual (1993) of the Netherlands restates the provisions of Article 51(7) of the 1977 Additional Protocol I.
Netherlands, Toepassing Humanitair Oorlogsrecht, Voorschift No. 27-412/1, Koninklijke Landmacht, Ministerie van Defensie, 1993, p. V-5.
The civilian population may not be used to render certain points or areas immune from military operations, in particular in attempts to shield military objectives from attacks. The civilian population certainly may not be used as a shield. Movements of the civilian population or individual civilians may not be guided in a specific direction in an attempt to shield military objectives from attacks.
Netherlands, Humanitair Oorlogsrecht: Handleiding, Voorschift No. 27-412, Koninklijke Landmacht, Militair Juridische Dienst, 2005, § 0519.
The manual further states: “It is essential not to use the civilian population as a shield for military activities”.
Netherlands, Humanitair Oorlogsrecht: Handleiding, Voorschift No. 27-412, Koninklijke Landmacht, Militair Juridische Dienst, 2005, § 0550.
Netherlands, Humanitair Oorlogsrecht: Handleiding, Voorschift No. 27-412, Koninklijke Landmacht, Militair Juridische Dienst, 2005, § 0620; see also § 0631.
Netherlands, Humanitair Oorlogsrecht: Handleiding, Voorschift No. 27-412, Koninklijke Landmacht, Militair Juridische Dienst, 2005, § 0725.
Netherlands, Humanitair Oorlogsrecht: Handleiding, Voorschift No. 27-412, Koninklijke Landmacht, Militair Juridische Dienst, 2005, § 0809.
It is prohibited to use persons to make specific points or areas immune from military attack, especially to try to preserve or protect military objectives against attack, or to obtain military advantage (favour or hinder military operations).
Netherlands, Humanitair Oorlogsrecht: Handleiding, Voorschift No. 27-412, Koninklijke Landmacht, Militair Juridische Dienst, 2005, § 1047.
Under the International Crimes Act (2003) of the Netherlands, “utilizing the presence of a civilian or other protected person to render certain points, areas or military forces immune from military operations” is a crime when committed in an international armed conflict.
Netherlands, International Crimes Act, 2003, Article 5(5)(k).

References: § 0519
 § 0550
 § 0620
 § 0631
 § 0725
 § 0809
 § 1047