Source: http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/243/243mass327.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-18 15:04:26+00:00

Document:
BOICE-PERRINE COMPANY vs. GEORGE H. KELLEY.
(6) The question of ratification should have been submitted to the jury under appropriate instructions.
CONTRACT upon an account annexed for $62.46, the price of two automobile tires. Writ in the Third District Court of Eastern Middlesex dated October 9, 1918.
On appeal to the Superior Court, the action was tried before Hammond, J. Material evidence is described in the opinion. At the close of the evidence, the jury by order of the judge found for the plaintiff in the sum of $71.21; and the defendant alleged exceptions. His bill of exceptions afterwards having been dismissed on motion of the plaintiff because of insufficient notice, the judge reported the case for determination by this court. If the order directing the verdict was right, judgment was to be entered thereon; otherwise, such order was to be entered " as shall accord with the determination of the full court."
J. F. Ryan, for the defendant.
C. E. Lawrence, for the plaintiff.
been made to Dogherty, and that thereafter he called,it the defendant's place of business to see the receipt signed by Dogherty, but that it was not shown to him-, that Dogherty was a salesman for the plaintiff authorized to receive orders only and not authorized to deliver goods or to receive payments. There was other testimony from the defendant and witnesses called by him to the effect that two tires were bought from Dogherty in December, 1917, who had the tires with him and delivered them to the defendant at the time of the purchase; that later two other tires were delivered at the defendant's place of business in his absence and receipted for and subsequently returned to the plaintiff; that in January, 1918, Dogherty at defendant's place of business requested payment, which was made to him, although the receipt showed $55 paid for the $62,46 account; that about February 1, 1918, a statement for the amount due was received by the defendant from the plaintiff; that thereupon the bookkeeper of the defendant by telephone told the man in charge of the plaintiff's accounts that the bill had been paid to Dogherty and that the plaintiff's accountant replied that the sending of the statement was a mistake, that he was sorry and that no further statements would be received from the plaintiff; that shortly thereafter the plaintiff's treasurer called on the telephone and the situation was explained to him and later he came to the defendant's place of business and was shown the bill receipted by Dogherty, and "said something to the effect that Dogherty had got him in bad a number of times; " that nothing further was heard for several months when an attorney claiming to represent the plaintiff said by telephone that the salesman Dogherty was not authorized to receive payments. All this evidence was introduced without exception.
There appears to be no question but that the tires were bought of the plaintiff. That is shown by the receipt upon which the defendant in part relies. Therefore the burden of proof was upon the defendant to show that he had made payment to an agent of the plaintiff authorized to receive payment. Whitaker v. Ballard, 178 Mass. 594, 589.
proof of Dogherty's authority to have possession of goods of the plaintiff for the purpose of delivery or to collect payment for a sale. Disbelief of testimony is not the equivalent of proof of facts contrary to that testimony. Hyslop v. Boston & Maine Railroad, 208 Mass. 362, 367. Cruzan v. New York Central & Hudson River Railroad, 227 Mass. 594, 597. Martell v. Dorey, 235 Mass. 35, 41.
Taking the aspect of the testimony most favorable to the defendant, it showed agency on the part of Dogherty to take orders and transmit them to the plaintiff without evidence of further authority, possession of two tires by the agent, sale and delivery of those tires to the defendant on credit by the agent and a subsequent collection of less than the full price by the agent without proof of knowledge by the principal of delivery or collection until after the events.
It is the general rule that an agent who solicits orders and transmits them to his principal to be filled has no implied authority to collect or to receive payment for the goods so sold. The purchaser will not be discharged by payment to him without proof of further authority in the agent than the making of the sales. Clark v. Murphy, 164 Mass. 490. Kaye v. Brett, 5 Exch. 269. When the agent is entrusted with the custody of goods which he delivers himself to the purchaser there is implied authority to collect and receive payment therefor. Cairns v. Page, 165 Mass. 552. International Sponge Importers, Ltd. v. Andrew Watt & Sons,  A. C. 279. Petersen v. Pacific American Fisheries, 108 Wash. 63. Downes v. Rogers, 102 Kans. 797. Brown v. Aitken, 90 Vt. 569, 574. See G. L. c. 104.
The case at bar falls within the general rule. The evidence did not warrant a finding of authority on the part of Dogherty to collect payment for the tires. Story on Agency, s. 102. Hosher-Platt Co. v. Miller, 238 Mass. 518, 523. Seiple v. Irwin, 30 Perm. St. 513. Law v. Stokes, 3 Vroom, 249. Thomas Kane & Co. v. Barstow, 42 Kans. 465. Hirshfield v. Waldron, 54 Mich. 649.
mode not sanctioned by the terms of the agency or in excess or misuse of the authority given. Prompt disavowal of such act is imperative because the inference of authority flows readily from the trust reposed by a principal in his agent. Harm to the victim of such unauthorized conduct of an agent may be repaired or mitigated by immediate knowledge of the denial of responsibility by the principal. Foster v. Rockwell, 104 Mass. 167, 172. Harrod v. McDaniels, 126 Mass. 413, 415. Metcalf v. William, 144 Mass. 452. Albiani v. Evening Traveler Co. 220 Mass. 20, 25. Auringer v. Cochrane, 225 Mass. 273, 275.
The question of ratification should have been submitted to the jury under appropriate instructions.

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