Source: https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/235/498.html
Timestamp: 2019-04-23 17:10:24+00:00

Document:
[235 U.S. 498, 499] Mr. Amos L. Beaty for W. S. Farish.
[235 U.S. 498, 500] Mr. Charles West, Attorney General of Oklahoma, and Messrs. Walter A. Ledbetter, Joseph L. Hull, Harry L. Stuart, and Robert R. Bell for the state banking board et al.
Suit in equity brought by appellant against the state banking board and the bank commissioner of the state of Oklahoma, the Oklahoma Trust Company, the Alamo State Bank, the McNerney Company, corporations, and one P. J. McNerney. Later the Union State Bank, another corporation, was made a defendant. The object of the suit was to compel the banking board to pay appellant, as an equitable depositor of the Oklahoma Trust Company, a failed banking institution, the sum of $25,351.63. Another object was subrogation to and the establishment and enforcement of liens in the amount of $61,252.40 upon certain funds and impounded securities, [235 U.S. 498, 502] with a decree against the banking board for any final deficiency or unpaid balances.
The banking board demurred to the bill on the ground, stated with much circumstance, (1) that the suit was in effect against the state of Oklahoma; and (2) for want of equity. The demurrer was overruled. The banking board and the Union State Bank filed answers admitting some of the allegations of the bill and denying others, to which there were replications. A decree pro confesso was taken against the other defendants, which was subsequently made final.
On final hearing the court decreed subrogation and established and foreclosed a lien on certain of the securities in controversy and rendered a money decree against the Union State Bank for $18,018.58.
Farish then prayed for an order allowing appeal from that part of the decree which denied him relief against the state banking board on the ground that it was one in effect against the state, and that the question of the jurisdiction of the court be certified to this court. The appeal was allowed and the certificate made.
The Union State Bank and the state banking board also prayed an appeal from that part of the decree which adjudged that judgment be rendered against the Union State Bank for the sum of $18,018.58 with interest, being the amount of a certain deposit alleged to have been transferred from the Alamo State Bank to it, and that the state banking board and the state bank commissioner did not have a first and prior lien as against complainant for the reimbursement of the amount of money [235 U.S. 498, 503] taken by the board and commissioner from the depositors' guaranty fund to pay off and discharge the deposits of the Alamo State Bank and the Oklahoma Trust Company, and a first lien on the same account and for the same purpose on certain other securities.
There was an order of severance, and the case is here on these appeals and the certificate of jurisdiction made by the district court.
The pleadings are very long and set forth the grounds of suit with circumstantial detail. A repetition of them is not necessary. The appellant's case depends upon two propositions: (1) Whether he was an equitable depositor of the Oklahoma Trust Company. (2) This established, whether the banking board is subject to be sued by him.
His rights have their origin in an assignment to him by a corporation called the Texas Company.
The Texas Company furnished material to the contractors for certain paving work in the city of Muskogee, Oklahoma, for which bonds were issued and upon which, by agreement between the parties and the Oklahoma Trust Company, the Texas Company was given a first lien. Bonds to the amount of $ 154,035.92 were issued and delivered to the Oklahoma Trust Company, and disposed of by it or carried as a deposit to the credit of itself as trustee, and of which there remained to its credit as trustee on January 3, 1910, the sum of $25,351.63. It paid to the Texas Company only $27,906.57 of the proceeds of the sale of the bonds. The balance of the sum was used by the Oklahoma Trust Company in various ways which are detailed at length in the bill of complaint and traced to the possession of the Alamo State Bank, and through that bank to the banking board, the banking board having taken possession under the banking laws of the state of the Alamo State Bank upon its becoming insolvent. The Alamo State Bank obtained the assets [235 U.S. 498, 504] of the Oklahoma Trust Company through a sale by the latter company to it on January 3, 1910. Composing these assets was the sum of $25,351.63, carried as a deposit by the Oklahoma Trust Company, and other sums, being credit balances of the Oklahoma Trust Company in other banks, cash paid to the Alamo State Bank and used by it to pay the indebtedness of the Oklahoma Trust Company or its depositors.
The assets of the Alamo State Bank were sold to the Union State Bank by the banking board, acting under the authority of an order of the district court of Muskogee county. The Union State Bank assumed in consideration thereof the payment of the depositors of the Alamo State Bank.
On December 18, 1909, the complainant herein brought suit against the Oklahoma Trust Company and others to establish his right to the paving bonds or their proceeds. The suit was numbered 1239. A receiver was appointed who was directed to demand and receive from the Oklahoma Trust Company the proceeds of the paving bonds and from all persons who might have them. The receiver duly qualified. On the 6th of August, 1910, subsequent to the sale by the Oklahoma Trust Company of its assets to the Alamo State Bank, the complainant filed a motion against the latter bank for the purpose of obtaining an order for contempt, and peremptorily requiring it to immediately pay and turn over to the receiver the proceeds of the bonds received by it.
The banking board subsequently appointed counsel to appear in that suit for the purpose of defeating the recovery by the complainant. In that suit all of the defenses herein pleaded were set up. The Union State Bank also appeared in that suit and aided in its defense. The final decree in that case adjudged, among other things, that the complainant became entitled to the proceeds of the paving bonds, and the Oklahoma Trust Com- [235 U.S. 498, 505] pany was ordered forthwith to deliver their proceeds to him.
The facts of the case are set out in the opinion of the court, and need not be further stated, and the grounds of decision and the relief granted are expressed in the decree hereinafter set out.
State Banking Board, Guthrie, Oklahoma.
State Banking Board, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Under contracts of January 5 and June 14, 1909, and transfer of December 9, 1909, my client, W. S. Farish, had a lien for more than $180, 000 on certain paving bonds issued to P. J. McNerney and the McNerney Company, of Muskogee, and on the proceeds of such paving bonds, when sold. In the latter part of the year a considerable amount of such bonds were turned over to the Oklahoma Trust Company, which was engaged in the banking business at Muskogee, with its depositors guaranteed under your state law, and that company afterwards sold these bonds and used the proceeds in paying its depositors. The amount thus used, and to which my client was entitled, was $88,002.31.
Of the amount stated, $63,117.85, or about that amount, was thus misapplied in defiance of an injunction of the United States circuit court for the eastern district of Oklahoma, made in cause Eq. No. 1239, W. S. Farish v. P. J. McNerney et al., pending at Muskogee, by which injunction the Oklahoma Trust Company was restrained from commingling or confusing the proceeds of said paving bonds with other funds, and was peremptorily required to keep the same separate and apart.
My client contends that when the trust fund was wrongfully taken and applied to the payment of depositors, who were guaranteed under the state law, he, Farish, became subrogated to the rights of such depositors, and is entitled to resort to the depositors' guaranty fund, and to have you make such assessments as may be necessary to replenish said fund, if it is depleted or from any cause is inadequate to meet this demand.
If you desire further particulars of the claim, I shall be glad to furnish them, but hardly consider it necessary [235 U.S. 498, 507] at this time, as, if I am correctly informed, you already have full knowledge of the matter.
Please consider this as a formal demand for payment, and let me have your decision as soon as possible.
Attorney for W. S. Farish.
No particularization of the allegations of the answer of the banking board is necessary except to say in explanation of its attitude that it admitted that the bank commissioner took possession on the 25th of August, 1910, of the Alamo State Bank and of its property and assets, and sold and transferred them to the Union State Bank in pursuance of an order of sale of the district court of Muskogee county, state of Oklahoma. The sale, it is alleged, was in pursuance of an agreement whereby the bank assumed and agreed to pay the deposits owing by the Alamo State Bank, amounting to the sum of $450,000, and the bank commissioner and the banking board agreed to guarantee the solvency of the assets of the Alamo State Bank to the extent and for a sufficient amount to pay all of the deposits assumed by the Union State Bank, and to protect it against loss. On August 25, 1910, in pursuance of the agreement, the banking board advanced to the Union State Bank the sum of $50,000, and has since from time to time advanced to the bank the additional sum of $150,000. These payments were made in the course of the liquidation of the assets of the Alamo State Bank, and in discharge of the obligations assumed by it to pay the deposits of the Oklahoma Trust Company.
It is further alleged that under the law the state of Oklahoma, for the benefit of the depositors' guaranty fund, has a first lien on the assets of the Oklahoma Trust Company and the Alamo State Bank for the reimbursement of the sum to the Union State Bank in the payment [235 U.S. 498, 508] of the deposits assumed by it. That the lien of the state is superior to any lien claimed by complainant under and by virtue of the assignments of the paving bonds under the contract set forth in the first paragraph of the bill, and the banking board has a right under the law to enforce the lien of the state against the assets transferred to the Alamo State Bank by the Oklahoma Trust Company, and by the former to the Union State Bank.
The answer of the Union State Bank repeated the alleg tions of the banking board in regard to the transfer to it of the assets of the Alamo State Bank, and alleged that its purchase of them was in good faith, for a valuable consideration, and without notice of any claim or lien of complainant or his assignor, the Texas Company, and the bank became the owner thereof free from any such claim or lien.
These contentions are the same as those made in Lankford v. Platte Iron Works Co. [ 235 U.S. 461 , 59 L. ed. --, 35 Sup. Ct. Rep. 173] and American Water Softener Co. v. Lankford [ 235 U.S. 496 , 59 L. ed. --, 35 Sup. Ct. Rep. 184] and are disposed of by the decisions in those cases. It was there held that the banking board and bank commissioner were not subject to suit by depositors of insolvent banks. Therefore, as a depositor, subrogated or direct, of the Oklahoma Trust Company, Farish has no right of suit against the banking board.
It will be observed from the decree of the court two sums, to wit, $ 16,530.98 and $20,000, with interest on each, were, in accordance with the judgment rendered 'in equity cause No. 1239,' declared a lien on certain securities, the lien foreclosed, and the securities ordered to be sold.
The court also rendered a judgment against the Union State Bank for the sum of $18,018.58, above mentioned as coming under the decree in cause No. 1239, and which, when paid, with the interest thereon, was to be applied as a credit on that decree. In other words, such sum was decreed as part of a fund which the court said in its opinion 'equitably belonged to the complainant,' Farish. Of this part of the decree appellant makes no complaint. [235 U.S. 498, 511] The court further decreed that 'complainant [appellant] was a depositor of the Oklahoma Trust Company, within the meaning of the laws of the state of Oklahoma, governing the guaranteed payment of bank deposits, to the extent of $25,351.63, on the 3d day of January, 1910.' And 'that in addition to said $25,351.63, funds amounting to $61,252.40, on which complainant had a lien and to which he was entitled, were, on the 3d day of January, 1910 [the day when the Alamo State Bank acquired the assets of the Oklahoma Trust Company], wrongfully used by said Oklahoma Trust Company and said Alamo State Bank, at the instance and request and demand of the bank commissioner representing said banking board to accomplish the payment of depositors of said Oklahoma Trust Company, and therefore complainant is fully subrogated to all rights of such depositors. . . .' Relief was not granted against the banking board because, as the decree declared, of the immunity of the board from suit.
The contention of appellant is, therefore, that he has become a depositor of the Oklahoma Trust Company by subrogation, his money having been used to pay the depositors of that company; and the court so decreed, carefully distinguishing the rights of complainant against [235 U.S. 498, 512] what the court called 'impounded collaterals' and the sum of $18,018.58 which the Union State Bank had received, and his right, to use the language of the court, 'as a depositor, either directly or by subrogation.' It may be admitted, therefore, that he has the rights of a depositor, but the right of suit against the banking board is not one of them, Lankford v. Platte Iron Works Co. and American Water Softener Co. v. Lankford, supra.
It is further contended by appellant that 'by participation in the former suit [cause 1239], and interference with the process of the court, the banking board waived any exemption from suit which otherwise it might have claimed.' Gunther v. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co. 200 U.S. 273, 292 , 50 S. L. ed. 477, 487, 26 Sup. Ct. Rep. 252, is cited in support of the contention. The case is not apposite. The case was, it is true, ancillary to another, but in it the attorney general of the state appeared, being directly authorized so to do by statute, and 'defend said action for and on behalf of the state.' The state, therefore, consented to be sued. The Oklahoma laws do not give the state banking board such power. Besides, the judgment in the former suit was that appellant was a depositor of the Oklahoma Trust Company,-a right which was confirmed in the decree in the present case. In making this comment we assume, but do not decide, that the board, by employing counsel to resist the complainant's recovery in cause No. 1239, became bound by its decree.
And we see no reason for disturbing the decree in other particulars; that is, in No. 477. Indeed, there are no briefs filed in the latter case.
Mr. Justice Pitney, with whom concurred Mr. Justice Day, Mr. Justice Van Devanter, and Mr. Justice Lamar, dissenting: [235 U.S. 498, 513] In No. 446,-the appeal of Farish, the depositor,-for reasons expressed in the dissenting opinion in Lankford v. Platte Iron Works Co. this day decided, 235 U.S. 461 , 59 L. ed. --, 35 Sup. Ct. Rep. 173, it seems to me that the decree here under review should be reversed.
In No. 447,-the cross-appeal,-I concur in the result reached by the court.

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