Source: https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/customary-ihl/eng/docs/v2_rul_rule100_sectionl
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 15:28:23+00:00

Document:
Article 75(4)(j) of the 1977 Additional Protocol I provides that, among other fundamental guarantees, “a convicted person shall be advised on conviction of his judicial and other remedies and of the time-limits within which they may be exercised”.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), Geneva, 8 June 1977, Article 75(4)(j). Article 75 was adopted by consensus. CDDH, Official Records, Vol. VI, CDDH/SR.43, 27 May 1977, p. 250.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), Geneva, 8 June 1977, Article 6(3). Article 6 was adopted by consensus. CDDH, Official Records, Vol. VII, CDDH/SR.50, 3 June 1977, p. 97.
Canada’s LOAC Manual (1999) provides that, in non-international armed conflicts, “accused persons shall be told, if convicted, of their judicial and other remedies and appellate procedures”.
Canada, The Law of Armed Conflict at the Operational and Tactical Level, Office of the Judge Advocate General, 1999, p. 17-3, § 29(g).
Canada’s LOAC Manual (2001) states in its chapter on non-international armed conflicts: “As a minimum, accused persons: … g. shall be told, if convicted, of their judicial and other remedies and appellate procedures”.
Canada, The Law of Armed Conflict at the Operational and Tactical Levels, Office of the Judge Advocate General, 13 August 2001, § 1716.2.g.
Peru’s IHL Manual (2004) states that a person charged with a criminal offence under international humanitarian law must be provided with certain guarantees, including “information on rights and time limits for appeals and other petitions”.
Peru, Manual de Derecho Internacional Humanitario para las Fuerzas Armadas, Resolución Ministerial Nº 1394-2004-DE/CCFFAA/CDIH-FFAA, Lima, 1 December 2004, § 32.n.(10).
Peru’s IHL and Human Rights Manual (2010) states that a person charged with a criminal offence under international humanitarian law must be provided with certain guarantees, including: “[i]nformation on rights and time limits for appeals and other petitions”.
Peru, Manual de Derecho Internacional Humanitario y Derechos Humanos para las Fuerzas Armadas, Resolución Ministerial No. 049-2010/DE/VPD, Lima, 21 May 2010, § 33(n)(10), p. 251–252.
Spain’s LOAC Manual (1996) lists the “conditions and limits regarding proceedings” established by the law of war, inter alia, “remedies and appeal” and “time limits”.
Spain, Orientaciones. El Derecho de los Conflictos Armados, Publicación OR7-004, 2 Tomos, aprobado por el Estado Mayor del Ejército, Division de Operaciones, 18 March 1996, Vol. I, § 2.7.b.(3).
Spain’s LOAC Manual (2007) states that “appeals and petitions” and “time limits” are to apply to criminal proceedings in occupied territories.
Spain, Orientaciones. El Derecho de los Conflictos Armados, Tomo 1, Publicación OR7–004, (Edición Segunda), Mando de Adiestramiento y Doctrina, Dirección de Doctrina, Orgánica y Materiales, 2 November 2007, § 2.7.b.(3).
In the case of penal offences relating to the armed conflict, the basic principles of natural justice must be observed … These principles include the following: … a convicted person shall be advised on conviction of his judicial and other remedies and of the time-limits within which they may be exercised.
Note. Numerous pieces of domestic legislation provide for the right of the convicted person to receive advice on judicial and other remedies available.
See, e.g., Georgia, Code of Criminal Procedure, 1998, Article 511; Mexico, Constitution, 1917, Article 20(IX).
These have not been listed here.
After having pronounced the judgement, the presiding judge, if applicable, advises the convicted person that he has the right to appeal the decision. He specifies the time limit.
The notification, under penalty of nullity, includes the note that he can, within five days in time of peace and within 24 hours in time of war, lodge objection against the judgement by declaration either at the time of its notification, or to the registry of the closest military jurisdiction, and that, after expiration of that time limit without objection having been lodged, the judgement will become definitive at the expiration of the time limits for demurring.
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Military Judiciary Code, 2002, Articles 272 and 331.
Ireland’s Geneva Conventions Act (1962), as amended in 1998, provides that any “minor breach” of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including violations of Article 106 of the Geneva Convention III and Article 73 of the Geneva Convention IV, and of the 1977 Additional Protocol I, including violations of Article 75(4)(j), as well as any “contravention” of the 1977 Additional Protocol II, including violations of Article 6(3), are punishable offences.
3. The right to the advice and assistance of counsel in the exercise of the foregoing rights or any decision to waive them.
United States, Regulation for Trial by Military Commissions, 27 April 2007, § 25-6.a, p. 164.
The Report on the Practice of the Syrian Arab Republic asserts that the Syrian Arab Republic considers Article 75 of the 1977 Additional Protocol I to be part of customary international law.
Report on the Practice of the Syrian Arab Republic, 1997, Chapter 5.1.
The conviction must be pronounced by an impartial and regularly constituted court respecting the generally recognized principles of regular judicial procedure, which include … information on the right of appeal and other remedies and their time-limits.
Frédéric de Mulinen, Handbook on the Law of War for Armed Forces, ICRC, Geneva, 1987, § 202(k).

References: § 29
 § 1716
 § 32
 § 33
 § 2
 § 2
 § 25
 § 202