Source: https://www.dmu.ac.uk/about-dmu/academic-staff/business-and-law/dennis-baker/dennis-j-baker.aspx?ContensisTextOnly=true
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 00:08:40+00:00

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Professor Dennis J. Baker F.R.S.A. (MA, Ph.D. Cambridge) is one of the world’s leading criminal law scholars.
A prolific researcher and lecturer, Baker is widely cited by scholars and courts. His works have been cited or have influenced decisions in the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, the Court of Appeal, England and Wales, the Supreme Court of Canada, the Supreme Court of New Zealand, the High Court of Australia, and the Court of Appeal and the Court of Appeal of New Zealand. Law Reform Commissions and Government Inquiries also have cited him.
He has held tenured posts in a number of countries and some of his writings have been translated into Chinese Mandarin. Prior to his appointment as Research Professor in Criminal Law & Penal Theory at Leicester De Montfort Law School, Baker served as the Head of the Law School and as Professor of English Law, University of Surrey.
Professor Baker was the founder of the Centre for Law and Philosophy Centre and Centre for Chinese Socio-Legal Studies at the University of Surrey, and was the foundation Director of the Centre for Law and Philosophy Centre at the University of Surrey where his efforts and vision made it the largest centre of its kind in the world.
Before that Professor Baker was based for almost a decade at King’s College London where he taught criminal law & philosophy of criminal law and where he severed as the Director of Admissions for KCL Law School and Module Leader for Criminal Law. He also taught criminal law for a number of years at the University of Cambridge.
Professor Baker holds a number of Visiting Professorships in China including the Sir Matthew Hale Visiting Professorship of Common Law at Wuhan Law School.
1. Dennis J. Baker, Reinterpreting Criminal Complicity and Inchoate Participation Offences, (London: Routledge, 2016) 340 pages.
2. Dennis J. Baker, Glanville Williams: Textbook of Criminal Law, (London: 4th edn., Sweet & Maxwell, 2015) (1720 pages).
3. Dennis J. Baker, The Right Not to be Criminalized: Demarcating Criminal Law’s Authority, (London: Ashgate Applied Legal Philosophy Series, 2011 (ISBN 978-1-4094-2765-0.)). (308-pages). (Now in paperback as well as hardback with a Chinese translated edition coming out in 2018 with Peking University Press.) (Reviewed by Professor Harding in the Cambrian Law Review, (2011) Vol. 42, pp. 167-184.
4. Dennis J. Baker, Glanville Williams: Textbook of Criminal Law, (London: 3rd edn., Sweet & Maxwell, 2012 (ISBN: 9780414046139). (1504-pages). (Reviewed by Michael Jefferson, in Criminal Law Review, 2014, 2, 165-167).
Dennis J. Baker, “Conceptualizing Inchoate Complicity: The Normative and Doctrinal Case for Lessor Offenses as an Alternative to Complicity Liability,” (2016) 25(1) Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 504-588.
Dennis J. Baker, “Reinterpreting the Mental Element in Criminal Complicity: Change of Normative Position Theory Cannot Rationalize the Current Law,” (2016) 40 Law & Psychology Review 121-296.
Dennis J. Baker, “Mutual Combat Complicity, Transferred Intention/Defences and the Exempt Party Defence,” (2016) 37 University of La Verne Law Review 205-284.
Dennis J. Baker, “Should Unnecessary Harmful Nontherapeutic Cosmetic Surgery be Criminalised?” (2014) 17(4) New Criminal Law Review 587-630.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘The Moral Limits of Criminalizing Remote Harms,’ (2007) 10(3) Buffalo Criminal Law Review 371-391.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘Constitutionalizing the Harm Principle,’ (2008) 27(2) Criminal Justice Ethics 3-28.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘Collective Criminalization and the Constitutional Right to Endanger Others,’ (2009) 28(2) Criminal Justice Ethics 168-200.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘The Moral Limits of Consent as a Defence in the Criminal Law,’ (2009) 12(1) Buffalo Criminal Law Review 93-121.
Dennis J. Baker, “Complicity, Proportionality and the Serious Crime Act” (2011) 14(3) Buffalo Criminal Law Review 403-426.
Dennis J. Baker & Lucy X. Zhao, “The Normativity of Using Prison to Control Hate Speech: The Hollowness of Waldron’s Harm Theory,” (2013) 16(4) New Criminal Law Review 621-656.
Dennis J. Baker & Lucy X. Zhao, “Responsibility Links, Fair Labelling and Proportionality in China: Comparing China’s Criminal Law Theory and Doctrine,” (2009) 14(2) UCLA Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs 274-334.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘The Harm Principle vs. Kantian Criteria for Ensuring Fair, Principled and Just Criminalisation,’ (2008) 33 Australian Journal of Legal Philosophy 66-99.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘Punishment Without A Crime: Is Preventive Detention Reconcilable with Justice?’ (2009) 34 Australian Journal of Legal Philosophy 120-150.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘The Sense and Nonsense of Criminalising Transfers of Obscene Materials,’ (2008) 26 Singapore Law Review 126-155.
The Concept of Cybercrime: Applying The General Part to Limit Offending via Cyber Means (2018) Internet Journal 1.
Dennis J. Baker, “Jogee: Jury Directions and the Manslaughter Alternative”  Criminal Law Review 33.
Dennis J. Baker, “Unlawfulness’s Doctrinal and Normative Irrelevance to Complicity Liability: A Reply to Simester,” (2017) 81(4) J Crim. L. (forthcoming).
Dennis J. Baker, “Liability for Encouraging One’s Own Murder, Victims and Other Exempt Parties,” (2012) 23(3) King’s Law Journal 257–285.
Dennis J. Baker, ‘A Critical Evaluation of the Historical and Contemporary Justifications for Criminalising Begging,’ (2009) 73(3) Journal of Criminal Law 212-240.
Dennis J. Baker, “Omissions Liability for Homicide Offences: Reconciling R. v. Kennedy (No. 2) with R. v. Evans,” (2010) 74(4) Journal of Criminal Law 310-320.
Dennis J. Baker & Lucy X. Zhao, ‘Contributory Qualifying and Non-Qualifying Triggers in the Loss of Control Defence: A Wrong Turn on Sexual Infidelity,’ (2012) 76 Journal of Criminal Law 254-275.
Dennis J. Baker & Lucy X. Zhao, ‘The Criminality of Fines Imposed by Private Car Park Companies,’ (2012) 176 Justice of the Peace Journal 297.
F.R.S.A.; Visiting Professor Wuhan Law School; Visiting Professor Chinese University of Political Science and Law; Visiting Professor Northeast Normal University; and Visiting Professor Zhejiang Normal University.
Baker's research on joint enterprise complicity influenced significantly the outcome of the Supreme Court’s decision on joint enterprise in R. v Jogee and this is acknowledged in a foreword by Lord Toulson in his monograph entitled: Reinterpreting Complicity and Inchoate Participation Offences.
More recently the New Zealand Court of Appeal adopted Baker's argument that indirect intention exists an independent fault element and is not simply evidence of direct intention.
In the Court of Appeal of New Zealand before French, Miller and Winkelmann J.J. with Winkelman delivering the judgment of the Court, it was said: “[F]oresight of virtually certain consequences can itself be evidence of direct intention.
By this we mean that evidence the defendant foresaw an outcome to some high level of certainty is evidence from which it can be inferred that the person directly intended that outcome.
Chief Executive of the New Zealand Customs Service v. Jury  N.Z.C.A. 356 at paras. 86-87.
Coupled with the above, Baker has been quoted by the Supreme Court of Canada in R. v. Ryan  SCC 3 at paragraphs 30; 52; 79 et passim.
He is also quoted in R v Willis (TAW), 2016 MBCA 113 (Court of Appeal — Manitoba); R v Meer, 2015 ABCA 340 (Court of Appeal — Alberta).
His remote harms paper was cited in UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. DECOSTER (2015) WL 4504795 (C.A.8) (Appellate Brief) United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.
His monograph on complicity was cited in HKSAR v Chan Kam Shing  HKEC 2715 (Hong Kong, Final Court of Appeal).
His work on omissions is cited by the full court of the High Court of Australia in Burns v. The Queen (2011) 205 A. Crim. R. 240.
In addition, his work has been cited by the Supreme Court of New Zealand in Cullen v The Queen  NZSC 73 and also the New Zealand Court of Appeal in Chief Executive of the New Zealand Customs Service v Jury  NZCA 356 (18 August 2017); Yu v New Zealand Customs Service  NZCA 140; R. v. Dixon  NZCA 329 and in Stepanicic v R  NZCA 35.
In England and Wales he has been cited in Britain in Bauer v DPP  1 W.L.R. 3617 and in Loake v CPS  EWHC 2855 where Lord Justice Irwin said: “In virtually every case where the defendant proves that he did not know the nature and quality of his act at the time he performed it, then he will not be criminally responsible irrespective of the first limb of the M’Naghten test, because he will lack the mens rea for the alleged offence.
His work on self-defence is quoted repeatedly by the Tasmania Law Reform Institute in its Review of the Law Relating to Self-defence, (ISSUES PAPER NO. 20 NOVEMBER 2014).
His work on homicide is quoted in the Public inquiry into the death of Jean Steven Boucher in Canada in the Report to the Minister of Justice and Attorney General Pubic Fatality Inquiry.
Baker has also given evidence in the Hong Kong Legislative Council to the Panel on Administration of Justice and Legal Services, with respect to prosecution policy and procedure arising from the case of Mr. Chung Yit-tin (archived as Legislative Council Paper No. CB(2)1357/07-08(04).
In 2016, Baker gave expert evidence to the Nuffield Council on Bioethics’ Working Party on Cosmetic Procedures: Ethical Issues.

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