Source: https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/eric-geist?qt-staff_profile_science_products=3
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 08:54:31+00:00

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Eric Geist is a research geophysicist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, California, where he has worked for over three decades. Throughout his career, he has focused on computer modeling of geophysical phenomena, including large-scale deformation of the earth in response to tectonic forces and the physics of tsunami generation. For the last ten years, his research has focused on improving our ability to forecast tsunamis and their sources. Eric has authored over 120 journal articles and abstracts, including an article in Scientific American on the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and several review papers on tsunamis.
Natural hazards are the product of complex physical systems. Eric’s research currently focuses on the new field of earthquake combinatorics. This research examines combinations and arrangements of earthquakes on faults to explain a variety of geophysical and geological datasets. Tackling the size of combinatorial problems for fault-scale systems has only recently been made possible through advances in applied mathematics and computer science over the last decade. With newly developed computer algorithms, earthquake combinatorics provides an additional avenue to investigate earthquake hazards for both offshore and onshore faults.
Eric also investigates the interplay between nonlinear dynamics and a probabilistic description of geophysical processes, particularly as applied to natural hazards and their sources. Recent developments in statistical physics provide many avenues for understanding natural hazards, including how source sizes and outcomes are distributed and how individual natural hazard events occur through time. In addition, stochastic models provide a way to quantify uncertainty associated with source processes as applied to hazard assessments. A natural product of this research is development of new probabilistic methods to forecast natural hazards.
Eric has also examined nonlinear processes associated with long-term and large-scale deformation of the Earth’s lithosphere. Specific projects have included understanding the seismotectonics of island arcs and determining the state of stress and slip rates along major plate-boundary fault systems.
If you do not have access to these publications, please contact me by email for reprints of any of these papers.
Grezio, A., Babeyko, A.Y., Baptista, A.M., Behrens, J., Costa, A., Davies, G., Geist, E.L., Glimsdal, S., González, F.I., Griffin, J., Harbitz, C.B., LeVeque, R.J., Lorito, S., Løvholt, F., Omira, R., Mueller, C.S., Paris, R., Parsons, T., Polet, J., Power, W., Selva, J., Sørensen, M.B., and Thio, H.K., 2017, Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (PTHA): Multiple sources and global applications: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 55, doi:10.1002/2017RG000579.
Geist, E.L., and Parsons, T., 2016, Reconstruction of far-field tsunami amplitude distributions from earthquake sources: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 173, p. 3703-3717, doi:10.1007/s00024-00016-01288-x.
Geist, E.L., 2005, Local Tsunami Hazards in the Pacific Northwest from Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquakes, USGS Professional Paper 1661B, 17 p.
Wendt, J., Oglesby, D.D., and Geist, E.L., 2009, Tsunamis and splay fault dynamics: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 36, L15303, doi:10.1029/2009GL038295.
Geist, E.L., Titov, V.V., and Synolakis, C.E., 2006, Tsunami: wave of change: Scientific American, v. 294, p. 56-63.
Hirata, K., Geist, E.L., Satake, K., Tanioka, Y., and Yamaki, S., 2003, Slip distribution of the 1952 Tokachi-Oki earthquake (M 8.1) along the Kuril Trench deduced from tsunami waveform inversion: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, no. B4, p. ESE 6-1 - ESE 6-15, doi:10.1029/2002JB001976.
Hirata, K., Takahashi, H., Geist, E., Satake, K., Tanioka, Y., Sugioka, H., and Mikada, H., 2003, Source depth dependence of micro-tsunamis recorded with ocean-bottom pressure gauges; the January 28, 2000 Mw 6.8 earthquake off Nemuro Peninsula, Japan: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 208, no. 3-4, p. 305-318, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00040-2.
Geist, E.L., and Bilek, S.L., 2001, Effect of depth-dependent shear modulus on tsunami generation along subduction zones: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 28, no. 7, p. 1315-1318.
Geist, E.L., 2000, Origin of the 17 July 1998 Papua New Guinea tsunami: Earthquake or landslide?: Seismological Research Letters, v. 71, no. 3, p. 344-351.
The tsunami that was triggered by a magnitude 8.1 earthquake on April 1, 2007, in the Solomon Islands caused significant damage and loss of life. In the hopes that disasters such as this can be avoided in the future, we attempt to understand the mechanism and impact of this tsunami. The information presented here is focused on geologic aspects of the disaster.
Preliminary simulations of the tsunami from the March 11, 2011 M=9.1 subduction zone earthquake offshore of Honshu, Japan.
The December 26, 2004 magnitude (M) 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred along a tectonic subduction zone in which the India Plate, an oceanic plate, is being subducted beneath the Burma micro-plate, part of the larger Sunda plate. The boundary between the downgoing and overriding plates of the subduction zone is marked by the Sunda Trench above.
In the past century, several damaging tsunamis have struck the Pacific Northwest coast (Northern California, Oregon, and Washington). All of these tsunamis were distant tsunamis generated from earthquakes located far across the Pacific basin and are distinguished from tsunamis generated by earthquakes near the coast—termed local tsunamis.
Geist, E.L., 2018, Effect of Dynamical Phase on the Resonant Interaction Among Tsunami Edge Wave Modes: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 175, no. 4, p. 1341-1354.
Rabinovich, Alexander B.; Fritz, Hermann M.; Tanioka, Yuichiro; Geist, Eric L.
Rabinovich, A.B., Fritz, H.M., Tanioka, Y., and Geist, E.L., 2018, Introduction to “Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future, Volume III”: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 175, no. 4, p. 1231-1237.
Geist, Eric L.; Parsons, Thomas E.
Rabinovich, A.B., Fritz, H.M., Tanioka, Y., and Geist, E.L., 2017, Introduction to “Global Tsunami Science: Past and Future, Volume II”: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 174, no. 8, p. 2883-2889, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-017-1638-3.
Gomberg, Joan S.; Ludwig, K.A.; Bekins, Barbara; Brocher, Thomas M.; Brock, John C.; Brothers, Daniel; Chaytor, Jason D.; Frankel, Arthur; Geist, Eric L.; Haney, Matt; Hickman, Stephen H.; Leith, William S.; Roeloffs, Evelyn A.; Schulz, William H.; Sisson, Thomas W.; Wallace, Kristi; Watt, Janet; Wein, Anne M.
Gomberg, J.S., Ludwig, K.A., Bekins, B.A., Brocher, T.M., Brock, J.C., Brothers, Daniel, Chaytor, J.D., Frankel, A.D., Geist, E.L., Haney, Matthew, Hickman, S.H., Leith, W.S., Roeloffs, E.A., Schulz, W.H., Sisson, T.W., Wallace, Kristi, Watt, J.T., Wein, Anne, 2017, Reducing risk where tectonic plates collide—U.S. Geological Survey subduction zone science plan: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1428, 45 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1428.

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