Source: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/east/vol3/pp101-112
Timestamp: 2019-04-24 09:48:07+00:00

Document:
South of the beck the moraine, composed of boulder clay and glacial sand and gravel, in places exceeds 50 ft. above sea-level. Other large areas of boulder clay lie north of the beck, and the rest of the parish is mostly covered by outwash sand and clay, all lying at 25 ft.-50 ft. (fn. 9) Lying still lower are the areas of alluvium beside the river and streams, where the ings were formerly situated. The entire western and southern parish boundary is formed by the Ouse, and elsewhere the boundary mostly follows some of the many streams and dikes which drain the parish. The open fields of Stillingfleet township lay for the most part on the moraine. North of the village there were extensive old inclosures and to the south the commons. The open fields and commons were inclosed in 1756 and the resulting regular field pattern contrasts with the irregular fields of the early-inclosed areas. Kelfield's open fields presumably lay immediately north of the village. In the north-west of the township the field pattern is less regular and the moor lay in the northeast. The open fields and moor were inclosed in 1740 and the remaining commons and ings in 1812.
From Stillingfleet bridge Church Hill climbs the moraine to join the road from Escrick, which follows the crest of the moraine almost to the Ouse. The latter road continues as Cawood Road by a circuitous route to Kelfield, where it forms the main street. About ¾ mile west of Kelfield, however, a road leads south-westwards from it and is carried over the river to Cawood by an iron swing-bridge built in 1872. Until 1882, when it was taken over by the county, it was a toll-bridge. (fn. 26) Before the bridge was built a ferry, described in 1772 as a horse ferry, (fn. 27) crossed the river at this point. Until 1812 a road led to the ferry across the ings from the west end of Kelfield village, but it was liable to flooding and at the inclosure of that year it was replaced by a new road further north. (fn. 28) The new road, also subject to flooding, had not been completed by 1814, when it was itself replaced by the present road to the bridge. (fn. 29) From the east end of Kelfield village other roads lead to Stillingfleet and Riccall.
Most of the houses and cottages in Kelfield village, all dating from the 18th century and later, lie along the main street. To the north, however, a cluster of mostly 19th-century houses has grown up at Moor End on the Stillingfleet road. Manor Farm, at the west end of the village, is a large 18th- or early-19th-century house and its outbuildings include a brick dovecot. Among the few 20th-century buildings in the village are eight council houses, and four others stand in Kelfield Lane. There were usually one or two alehouses in the later 18th century (fn. 42) and in 1822 there was one, the Boot. (fn. 43) It was known as the Boot and Shoe by 1840, when there was also another inn, the Black Swan. (fn. 44) By 1872 they had been replaced by the Grey Horse, (fn. 45) which still existed in 1972.
A mesne lordship in one carucate was held in 1284-5 by Jordan Foliot, nephew of Robert de Stutville (d. before 1275), (fn. 66) and the heir of that or another Jordan Foliot held property of the earl of Kent in 1353. (fn. 67) Nothing more is known of it.
The holding bought by Barnard Clarkson in 1811 was sold to Joshua Ingham in 1820 and by him to Henry Preston in 1827. (fn. 96) It subsequently descended with the Preston family's manors of Kelfield and Moreby and was sold by Beatrice Preston in separate lots in 1956. (fn. 97) A mansion house on this holding, described in 1820 as newly erected, is apparently that now known as Stillingfleet House; now a farm-house, it stands on rising ground near the Ouse, west of the village. It is a square yellowbrick house with pedimented fronts.
Another manor of STILLINGFLEET, first mentioned in 1475, when it was held by Ralph Crathorne of the earl of Westmorland, (fn. 98) may have arisen from a reorganization of the estates of Alice Lovell after her death in 1474. (fn. 99) Ralph died by 1490 and was succeeded in turn by his son Thomas (d. 1509) and grandson Ralph (d. by 1517). (fn. 100) Ralph's brother James died by 1543 and was succeeded by his son Thomas (d. 1568), whose heir was his son Ralph. (fn. 101) The Crathornes sold property in the township to William Oglethorpe in 1579 (fn. 102) and to four men, including William Oglethorpe and Nicholas Heslington, in 1615. (fn. 103) At least some of the property was sold by another Nicholas Heslington to Ellerker Bradshaw in 1710 (fn. 104) and subsequently descended with the capital manor.
The Stillington family occupied a house of 10 hearths in 1672. (fn. 133) This was probably Kelfield Hall, which was mentioned in 1598 and stood beside the river in the south of the village. (fn. 134) In 1839 the hall was a two-storeyed building with basement and attics, and the irregular main front was four bays long. The second bay from the west end of the front contained the entrance, with a round-headed window above, and the projecting fourth bay had rusticated quoins. This arrangement suggests an old house of medieval plan. A small building with a pyramidal roof surmounted by a ball finial stood close to the house and survived in 1972, at one corner of a level area partly surrounded by an 18thcentury brick wall with central and terminal gate piers. The hall itself was demolished by the Prestons c. 1840. (fn. 135) An adjacent moated site may represent an earlier site of the manor-house.
In 1086 an estate of one carucate and 7 bovates at Kelfield, held before the Conquest by Game, was in the hands of Hugh son of Baldric. (fn. 136) Like Hugh's Stillingfleet estate (fn. 137) it passed soon after the Survey to the Stutvilles and was apparently included in the land given in wardship during the minority of Eustace de Stutville to Saer, earl of Winchester, and after Saer's death to his son Roger de Quincy in 1220. (fn. 138) The overlordship of one carucate of the estate thereafter descended in the Quincy family and is last mentioned in 1346. (fn. 139) In 1284-5 an intermediate lordship in the Quincy estate was held by Roger of St. Andrew. (fn. 140) Nothing more is known of it.
Eustace de Stutville died in 1241 and by 1244 his widow Nichole had married William de Percy. (fn. 154) The overlordship of the remaining land of the former Stutville estate, sometimes said to be 6 and sometimes 7 bovates, subsequently descended in the Percy family of Kildale (Yorks. N.R.) and was last mentioned in 1392. (fn. 155) The demesne lord was Geoffrey de Basinges in 1240, (fn. 156) and John of Stonegrave and Stephen 'le Tuler' in 1284-5. (fn. 157) Stonegrave's daughter Isabel married Simon de Pateshull, who in 1296 held 4 bovates. (fn. 158) By 1346 the estate, then comprising 7 bovates, was held by Henry Laurence. (fn. 159) Nothing more is known of it.
An estate of one carucate at Moreby in 1086, which had formerly been a manor, was soke of Count Alan of Brittany's manor of Clifton. (fn. 160) The overlordship was held by the earl of Richmond in 1284-5 (fn. 161) but by 1295 it had passed to the heirs of Robert Greathead (fn. 162) and nothing more is known of it.
The Lawson family occupied a house of seven hearths in 1672. (fn. 176) In the early 18th century the house was a two-storeyed building with attics and had a front seven bays long with a central pediment over three bays. (fn. 177) This was the house, known as Moreby Hall and owned by William Preston, which in 1772 stood in a park near the river in the north of the township. (fn. 178) The present large stone-built hall, in a Tudor style, was erected on the same site in 1827-32 by Anthony Salvin for Henry Preston. (fn. 179) There is still a large park.
The demesne lord in 1240 was John of Wistow, who in that year granted the estate to William de Belkerthorpe. (fn. 186) By 1284-5 it was held by William of Moreby. (fn. 187) It passed to the Acklam family on the marriage of Mary, daughter of Henry Moreby, with William Acklam c. 1370. (fn. 188) The manor of MOREBY, known in the 16th and 17th centuries as MOREBY HALL, was held by John Acklam (d. 1551), William Acklam (d. 1567), and Sir William Acklam (fl. 1619). (fn. 189) It passed to Sir William Milbanke (d. 1680) on his marriage in 1659 to Elizabeth, daughter of John Acklam (d. 1643). (fn. 190) In 1787 Ralph Milbanke sold his Moreby estate to William Preston (fn. 191) and it was merged with the capital manor.
An estate of 2 bovates at Stillingfleet in 1086 was soke of Count Alan of Brittany's manor of Gate Fulford. (fn. 203) In 1284-5 the overlordship was held by the earl of Richmond, and two mesne lordships were held by Robert the long and Henry son of Conan. Robert of Fiskgate and Thomas son of John held the estate in demesne. (fn. 204) Nothing more is known of it.
The open fields, meadows, and commons were mostly inclosed in 1756, (fn. 245) under an Act of the previous year. (fn. 246) In all, 1,382 a. were allotted. The open-field land comprised 125 a. in Clow field, 139 a. in Garth End field, 198 a. in Far field, 195 a. in Mill field, 21 a. in Gawtrees field, and 10 a. in Thistle Barf field. There were then three stinted pastures, Longlands containing 270 a., Keys Banks 40 a., and Woody pasture 33 a. Of the 52 'commons' or gates in these pastures 45 belonged to the lord of the manor. Three areas of meadow land lay beside the river and the owners of open-field land had 'distinct and known parts' in them. They were Ings meadow or South ings (fn. 247) containing 57 a., Twings marsh 4 a., and North marsh 15 a. There were also five moors or greens in which all the inhabitants of the township had unstinted pasturage. Town greens were not inclosed (fn. 248) and continued to be used for common grazing until the earlier 20th century, when small-scale milk production became impracticable. (fn. 249) Large moor comprised 196 a., Little moor 70 a., and Lyer green 9 a.; the acreage of Clow green cannot be determined. E. M. Ellerker was awarded 1,008 a. as lord of the manor and 78 a. as lessee of the rectory. The vicar received 75 a. There were 2 allotments of 50-100 a., 4 of 10-49 a., and 2 of less than 10 a.
The open fields and the moor were inclosed by agreement in 1740. Joseph Stillington, as lord of the manor, was allotted 570 a. and two others received 76 a. and 15 a. (fn. 260) Acts of 1746 and 1747 confirmed the inclosure and empowered the Stillingtons to raise money for it. (fn. 261) The remaining meadows, commons, and wastes were inclosed in 1812 (fn. 262) under an Act of 1806. (fn. 263) In all, 233 a. were allotted. Allotments totalling 35 a. were made from the ings, 5 a. from the banks, and 181 a. from both; in addition 5½ a. were awarded from Goose green, 4½ a. from beside the township's lanes, 1 a. from the carr, and 1 a. from waste in the village.
Weavers were recorded at Moreby in 1394-5, (fn. 294) and a Brick Kiln close was mentioned at Moreby in 1728 (fn. 295) and at Stillingfleet in 1811. (fn. 296) A brickworks may have stood to the west of Stillingfleet village, where in 1847 two ponds and a pump were situated. (fn. 297) By 1840 there were two brickworks in Kelfield, beside the river east of the village, (fn. 298) and in 1851 one of them employed seven men. (fn. 299) Brick-making apparently ceased there between 1901 and 1905, (fn. 300) and in 1972 ponds, outbuildings, and a row of four cottages marked the sites.
No parochial records before 1835 are known. Stillingfleet township joined York poor-law union and Kelfield Selby union in 1837. (fn. 309) Seven former parish poorhouses were sold in 1876. (fn. 310) Stillingfleet became part of Escrick rural district and Kelfield part of Riccall rural district in 1894. Both joined Derwent rural district in 1935 (fn. 311) and the Selby district of North Yorkshire in 1974.
Two services were held each Sunday in 1743 and Holy Communion was celebrated five times a year. About 100 people were said to receive at Easter. (fn. 362) By 1764 communion was celebrated four times a year, but by 1865 monthly celebrations were held with 15-30 communicants. In 1884 there were 20 celebrations a year and in 1914 they were fortnightly. A service was held each Sunday in Kelfield school from at least 1865 until 1914. (fn. 363) In 1972 a weekly service was held at the church.
The church of ST. HELEN is of ashlar and consists of chancel with north chapel, nave with north aisle and south chapel, and west tower. (fn. 367) The nave and chancel appear to be the full extent of the church in the later 12th century, when for its size it was notably well decorated with a carved stringcourse and a south doorway of five orders. (fn. 368) The door is decorated with ironwork which is stylistically a century earlier. (fn. 369) The north doorway was reset in the earlier 13th century when the north aisle and chapel were built. The former has an arcade of three bays, the latter one of two bays, and they may have been undivided. The tower was added at about the same time. New windows were inserted in the south and east walls of the chancel in the earlier 14th century, and the south chapel appears to be that to St. Mary which was built c. 1336. (fn. 370) The chapel has an arcade of two bays to the nave, and there may also at this time have been a porch in the angle between the chapel and the south doorway.
In the Moreby chapel is a knight's effigy, bearing on a shield the arms of Moreby. It apparently represents Robert of Moreby (d. c. 1337). (fn. 377) Above it is an alabaster and marble wall monument with kneeling figures of two men and two women, erected in 1613 in memory of John Acklam (d. 1611). A window in the chancel aisle has coloured glass containing the arms of Stillington impaling Bigod and an inscription recording that the glass was inserted in 1520 and renewed in 1698 by Henry Gyles of York. (fn. 378) There is a floor slab with brass inscriptions to Cuthbert Harrison of Acaster Selby (d. 1699) and his wife Lennox (d. 1658).
Methodism was introduced into the parish in 1769 (fn. 392) and houses were registered for dissenting worship in 1774, 1787, 1797, 1809, 1811, and 1812, and a barn in 1813. (fn. 393) A room known as the 'chapel' in Kelfield Hall was registered in 1805. (fn. 394) The first chapel in the parish was built by the Wesleyan Methodists in Kelfield in 1815. (fn. 395) A chapel at Stillingfleet was registered in 1819 (fn. 396) and in 1884 the Wesleyans had 18 members there. (fn. 397) Both chapels were still used in 1972. The Primitive Methodists built a chapel at Kelfield in 1852 (fn. 398) but worship had ceased there by 1894. (fn. 399) It was used as a storeroom in 1972.
A new school was built in 1849 (fn. 407) and in 1871 there were 46 pupils. (fn. 408) In 1880, when the average attendance was 38, most of the income came from voluntary contributions and school pence. (fn. 409) The school first received an annual government grant in 1881. (fn. 410) From 1906 until 1936 attendance varied only between 41 and 65, but in 1937 the senior children were transferred to Riccall and in 1938 there were only 26 pupils. (fn. 411) In 1951 the school was closed and the remaining pupils transferred to Riccall. (fn. 412) The school had been converted to a house by 1972.
There was a school at Stillingfleet in 1819 with 40-50 pupils, supported by subscriptions and fees. (fn. 413) In 1835 there were 70 pupils, 16 of whom were supported by subscription, 12 by assessment, and the rest by fees. (fn. 414) By 1840 the school, which still stands in the south of the village, was united with the National Society. (fn. 415) A new school was built in the centre of Stillingfleet in 1855 and in 1858 most of its income came from voluntary contributions. (fn. 416) An annual government grant was first received in 1859. (fn. 417) In 1871 there were 41 pupils (fn. 418) and in 1906 57. Thereafter until 1938 attendance varied between 29 and 60. (fn. 419) The village hall was used as a classroom in the 1950s. (fn. 420) In 1961 the senior children were transferred to Barlby secondary school (fn. 421) and in 1963 the school was closed and the remaining pupils transferred to Riccall. (fn. 422) Both buildings survived in 1972, the later one converted to a house.
Frances, dowager Lady Howard, by will proved in 1716, bequeathed money to provide coal for Escrick and other villages, including Stillingfleet. (fn. 427) After 1862 Stillingfleet received 1/7 of the income.
1. This article was written in 1972.
2. E.R.R.O., DDFA/15/91. See plate facing p. 112.
3. Selby Coucher Bk. i (Y.A.S. Rec. Ser. xi), 338.
5. P.N.E.R. Yorks. (E.P.N.S.), 267.
7. Lond. Gaz. 15 Nov. 1850, p. 2991.
8. O.S. Map 6", Yorks. (1851 edn.). Most of the parish is covered by sheet 206 and the remainder by sheet 191.
9. Geol. Surv. Map 1", solid and drift, sheet 71 (1973 edn.).
11. Cal. Pat. 1343-5, 593.
13. Inscribed stone on clough.
17. Public Works in Med. Law, ii (Selden Soc. xl), 241.
21. E.R.C.C. Mins. 1926-7, 258.
22. Yorks. Lay Subsidy, 30 Edw. I (Y.A.S. Rec. Ser. xxi), 104.
24. Sheahan and Whellan, Hist. York & E.R. ii. 630.
25. E.R.C.C. Mins. 1902-3, 302.
26. Bulmer, Dir. E. Yorks. (1892), 716; Cawood Bridge Act, 33 & 34 Vic. c. 65 (Local).
27. T. Jefferys, Map of Yorks.
28. 46 Geo. III, c. 71 (Local and Personal, not printR.D.B., CQ/189/9; E.R.R.O., IA. Kelfield.
29. 54 Geo. III, c. 32 (Local and Personal, not printed).
30. E.R.R.O., QSF. Mids. 1734, B.4.
32. O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
33. Ibid. (1892 and 1906 edns.).
34. R.D.B., Y/49/15; O.S. Map 6" (1958 edn.).
38. White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 338.
39. Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1889), 460.
40. E.R.R.O., SLB. Log Bk. 1863-95.
41. B.I.H.R., V. 1877/Ret.; Bp. V. 1884/Ret.; Bp. V. 1894/Ret.; Bp. V. 1914/Ret.
44. White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 338.
45. Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1872), 549.
46. See pp. 104, 106.
47. E.R.R.O., DDPR, uncalendared. See p. 84.
49. White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 338.
50. O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
53. E 179/202/58 m. 6.
55. E 179/202/58 m. 3.
57. Herring's Visit. iii. 91.
58. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1764/Ret. 56.
59. V.C.H. Yorks. iii. 498; Census, 1911-61.
60. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 277.
61. E.Y.C. ix, p. 1.
62. Ibid. pp. 35-7; V.C.H. Yorks. N.R. i. 513.
63. Feud. Aids, vi. 35.
64. C 138/253 no. 51; C 142/78 no. 95; V.C.H. Yorks. N.R. i. 513; Cal. Inq. p.m. ix, p. 206; x, p. 48; Hen. VII, i, p. 275; Complete Peerage, s.v. Kent.
65. V.C.H. Yorks. N.R. i. 513.
66. Feud. Aids, vi. 35; E.Y.C. ix, p. 37.
67. Cal. Inq. p.m. x, p. 48.
68. Yorks. Fines, 1232-46, pp. 18, 87.
69. F. Drake, Eboracum, App. pp. lxiv-lxv; a confirmation of this deed is in Cal. Chart. R. 1226-57, 387-8.
70. Feud. Aids, vi. 35; see below p. 106.
71. Feud. Aids, vi. 223.
72. Cal. Inq. p.m. x, p. 408; xiv, p. 135. For pedigree see Complete Peerage, s.v. Grey of Rotherfield.
73. Yorks. Inq. Hen. 1V-V, p. 78.
74. J. W. Clay, Ext. and Dorm. Peerages of N. Cos. of Eng. 93, 100.
75. Feud. Aids, vi. 271.
76. C.P. 25(1)/292/67 no. 116.
77. C 139/159 no. 34.
78. C 140/526 no. 64.
79. Clay, op. cit. 94; Cal. Pat. 1485-94, 100.
80. Cal. Pat. 1550-3, 357; Yorks. Sta. Cha. Proc. ii (Y.A.S. Rec. Ser. xlv), 124.
81. C.P. 25(2)/260/21 Eliz. I East. [no. 20].
82. C 142/213 no. 122; C 142/496 no. 109.
83. E.R.R.O., DDKE/10/1. For pedigree of the Ellerkers see G. Oliver, Hist. Beverley, 508.
86. E.R.R.O., DDFA/15/60; DDPR, uncalendared.
88. R.D.B., CS/217/337; /258/381; E.R.R.O., DDFA/15/ 70.
93. Ex inf. Escrick Park Estate Office, 1972.
94. Yorks. Sta. Cha. Proc. ii. 124-5; see below p. 106.
97. Ibid. 1039/382/345; 1040/545/486; 1044/70/68.
98. Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, i, p. 275.
99. C 140/526 no. 64.
100. C 142/65 no. 30; C 142/78 no. 95; Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, i, p. 275.
101. C 142/65 no. 68; C 142/149 no. 150.
102. Yorks. Fines, ii. 146.
106. Feud. Aids, vi. 34, 210.
107. C 142/56 no. 39.
108. E.Y.C. iv, pp. 3-4; v, p. 53.
109. Ibid. iv, p. 18.
110. Feud. Aids, vi. 34; Selby Coucher Bk. i. 342.
111. E. Y.C. v, p. 53; for an acct. of the family see Guisborough Charty. ii (Sur. Soc. lxxxix), 183 n.
112. Feud. Aids, vi. 34; Yorks. Inq. ii, p. 92 n.; Cal. Chart. R. 1327-41, 303; Y.A.J. xviii. 417.
113. Feud. Aids, vi. 210.
114. Test. Ebor. ii, p. 217.
115. Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, iii, pp. 476-7.
116. C 142/56 no. 39.
117. C 142/231 no. 104.
118. C 3/380/3; Miscellanea, i (Y.A.S. Rec. Ser. lxi), 107.
120. Ibid. DDFA/7/5; DDPR, uncalendared.
121. R.D.B., CT/421/629; /426/632; /429/633; CU/83/81.
126. Ibid. EO/357/347; ER/220/230; /221/231; /398/437; EX/270/306.
128. Ibid. 1039/437/399; /491/450; 1041/12/10; /216/192; 1046/395/352; 1050/290/263; 1101/272/241; 1104/386/ 351; 1473/384/331.
129. Abbrev. Plac. (Rec. Com), 223.
130. O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
131. Reg. Greenfield, iii (Sur. Soc. cli), 17; Abbrev. Plac. 249.
132. Cal. Pat. 1569-72, p. 38.
133. E 179/205/504. The house was recorded under Stillingfleet but it was presumably Kelfield manor-house.
134. E.R.R.O., DDPR, uncalendared; Jefferys, Map Yorks.
135. Y.A.S., MS. 530(c), sketch of hall 1839, letter 1895.
136. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 277.
139. Feud. Aids, vi. 34-5, 223.
141. Yorks. Fines, 1218-31, p. 16.
143. Feud. Aids, vi. 34-5.
144. Whitby Charty. ii (Sur. Soc. lxxii), 702 n.; in 1346 it was said to be held by Nich. of Moreby: Feud. Aids, vi. 223.
145. Cal. Close, 1385-9, 512.
146. C 136/69 nos. 2, 3.
147. C.P. 25(1)/279/149 no. 32.
148. B.L. Harl. Chart. 112 C.30; Parl. Rep. i (Y.A.S. Rec. Ser. xci), 180.
149. C.P. 25(1)/281/160 no. 63.
150. C 142/118 no. 42; C 142/135 no. 144; Cal. Inq. p.m. Hen. VII, ii, p. 259.
151. Yorks. Fines, ii. 104.
152. C 142/231 no. 104; see p. 104.
153. C 142/231 no. 104.
154. E.Y.C. ix, pp. 17-18.
155. C 136/69 nos. 2, 3; Bk. of Fees, ii. 1476; Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
156. Yorks. Fines, 1232-46, p. 85.
157. Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
158. Yorks. Inq. iii, pp. 25-6; Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 233.
159. Feud. Aids, vi. 223.
160. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 241.
161. Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
162. Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 182.
163. Drake, Hist. York, App. pp. lxiv-lxv.
164. Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
165. C 142/80 no. 151; Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 182; Yorks. Inq. Hen. IV-V, pp. 4-5; see above p. 103.
166. L. & P. Hen. VIII, iv (1), p. 2079; (3), p. 2349.
167. Cal. Proc. Chanc. Eliz. I (Rec. Com.), iii. 143; Yorks. Fines, ii. 149.
168. Yorks. Fines, iv. 39.
170. C 142/490 no. 6.
171. R.D.B., AD/501/1001; Susanna Preston (d. 1711) married Marm. Lawson: J. Foster, Pedigrees of . . . Yorks. s.v. Preston of Flasby and Moreby.
173. R.D.B., 1037/155/146; /351/318; etc.
177. B.L. Lansd. MS. 914 f. 33.
179. Country Life, 16 Feb. 1907; date 1832 on rainwater heads; see above plate facing p. 16.
180. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 277.
181. E.Y.C. ix, pp. 1, 84.
182. Yorks. Fines, 1218-31, p. 104.
183. Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
184. Ibid. 223. Avice (fl. 1280), daughter and heir of Jernegan son of Hugh, a descendant of Hugh, the earl of Richmond's steward in 1138-45, married Rob. Marmion, and another Avice, daughter of John Marmion (d. 1335- 6), married John de Grey: E. Y.C. v, pp. 41-4; Clay, Ext. and Dorm. Peerages of N. Cos. 132.
185. Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
186. Yorks. Fines, 1232-46, p. 72.
187. Feud. Aids, vi. 34.
188. Visit. Yorks. 1584-5 and 1612, ed. J. Foster, 109.
189. E.R.R.O., DDBH/3/78; /12/92; C 142/537 no. 53.
190. C 142/537 no. 53; B.I.H.R., PR. STILL. 3; Foster, Pedigrees of . . . Yorks. s.v. Milbanke of Halnaby.
192. Test. Ebor. iii, p. 358.
194. C 142/337 no. 114.
196. O.S. Map 6" (1906 edn.).
197. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 279-80.
199. Feud. Aids, vi. 35; Cal. Inq. p.m. viii, p. 346; x, p. 39.
200. C 139/159 no. 34.
201. Feud. Aids, vi. 35.
203. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 241, 321.
204. Feud. Aids, vi. 35.
205. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 204, 321.
206. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 339.
208. Feud. Aids, vi. 35.
209. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 334-5; Yorks. Fines, 1218-31, p. 142.
210. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 339.
212. Valor Eccl. (Rec. Com.), v. 12.
214. Dugdale, Mon. iii. 508.
215. Cal. Pat. 1557-8, 273.
216. B.L. Harl. MS. 606 no. 127.
217. Cal. Pat. 1350-4, 531.
218. B.L. Harl. MS. 606 no. 127; Cal. Pat. 1557-8, 273.
219. E 310/33/202 no. 89.
221. Ex inf. Escrick Park Estate Office, 1972; see p. 20.
222. V.C.H. Yorks. i. 422.
223. Tax. Eccl. (Rec. Com.), 300.
224. Valor Eccl. v. 31.
225. V.C.H. Yorks. i. 422.
226. B.I.H.R., CP. G. 1081.
227. C 94/3 f. 77. The value was given as £180 in Lamb. Pal. Libr., COMM. XIIa/17/309.
228. B.I.H.R., Bp. C. & P. I.
231. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 19.
234. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 277, 279-80.
235. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 334-5.
236. Yorks. Fines, 1218-31, p. 142; see below p. 124.
237. Selby Coucher Bk. i. 338; Drake, Eboracum, App. p. lxv.
238. Drake, Eboracum, App. pp. lxiv-lxv.
239. Yorks. Deeds, ix, p. 64.
241. Ibid. DX/137; DDFA/15/3, 75; B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet n.d. (17th cent.); CP. H. 4504.
242. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet n.d. (17th cent.).
243. Ibid. CP. H. 4504.
244. Ibid. TER. N. Stillingfleet 1716.
245. R.D.B., Y/49/15; E.R.R.O., DDFA/15/91 is a copy of a map made in 1778, itself apparently a copy of the inclosure map.
246. 28 Geo. II, c. 22 (Priv. Act).
250. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 277.
251. Pipe R. 1210 (P.R.S. N.S. xxvi), 40.
252. Yorks. Fines, 1218-31, p. 16. Waltef derives from the Anglian personal name Waltheof: P.N.E.R. Yorks. 266.
254. Yorks. Fines, 1272-1300, p. 9.
255. Cal. Pat. 1307-13, 356.
256. Yorks. Deeds, ix, p. 64.
257. E.R.R.O., DDPR, uncalendared; DDDA/19/1. Forms of the name Calfhay included Cawsay, Cawfa, Cawferr, and Calf Forth.
258. E.R.R.O., DDBH/19/32; DDFA/15/7; DDPR, uncalendared.
261. 19 Geo. II, c. 10 (Priv. Act); 20 Geo. II, c. 29 (Priv. Act).
263. 46 Geo. III, c. 71 (Local and Personal, not printed); E.R.R.O., DDFA/4/31.
264. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 277.
265. Yorks. Fines, 1218-31, p. 104.
266. Cal. Inq. p.m. iii, p. 182.
268. Cat. Anct. D. i, A 1360.
270. Cal. Proc. Chanc. Eliz. I, iii. 143.
272. O.S. Map 6" (1851 and 1893 edns.).
274. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 19.
275. Sheahan and Whellan, Hist. York & E.R. ii. 630.
278. [1st] Land Util. Surv. Map, sheets 27, 32; 2nd Land Util. Surv. Map, sheets 689 (SE 63-73), 698 (SE 44-54), 699 (SE 64-74).
279. Ex inf. Forestry Com., York, 1972.
283. Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1937), 536.
284. Public Works in Med. Law, ii (Selden Soc. xl), 294.
286. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 4.
287. White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 338.
289. Ho. of Lords Papers, 1697-9 (N.S. iii, in continuation of Hist. MSS. Com.), 211.
292. York Herald, 26 Sept. 1829.
293. O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
294. V.C.H. Yorks. ii. 409.
297. O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
298. Ibid.; White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 338.
300. Kelly's Dir. N. & E.R. Yorks. (1901), 564; (1905), 584.
301. Drake, Eboracum, App. p. lxv.
302. Yorks. Fines, ii. 104; 1603-14, 156.
303. Baines, Hist. Yorks. ii. 392.
304. O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
306. O.S. Map 6" (1851 and 1958 edns.).
307. E.R.R.O., DDFA/15/27-30, 43, 48.
309. 3rd Rep. Poor Law Com. 171, 178.
312. Drake, Eboracum, App. p. lxiv.
313. Reg. Gray, pp. 265, 270.
314. Reg. Romeyn, i, pp. 172-3.
315. Cal. Pat. 1317-21, 259-60.
316. York Dioc. Regy., Order in Council 706.
317. Reg. Giffard, p. 253.
318. Reg. Romeyn, i, pp. 63-4.
319. Yorks. Fines, 1300-14, p. 89.
320. Reg. Greenfield, iii, p. 66.
321. C.P. 25(1)/270/92 no. 14.
322. V.C.H. Yorks. i. 422.
324. Valor Eccl. v. 101.
325. C 94/3 f. 77.
326. Cal. Cttee. for Compounding, iii. 2040.
327. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet 1716-1849.
329. Rep. Com. Eccl. Revenues, 968.
330. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1884/Ret.; Bp. V. 1914/Ret.
331. Valor Eccl. v. 101.
332. B.I.H.R., CP. G. 976, 1052, 1081, 2992, 3031; CP. H. 101, 4504.
334. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 18-19.
336. Minster Libr., Torre MS., 'Cleveland & E.R.', p. 391.
337. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet n.d. (17th cent.), 1716, 1727.
340. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 20 (10).
341. Minster Libr., Torre MS., 'Cleveland & E.R.', p. 391.
342. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet n.d. (17th cent.); Valor Eccl. v. 101.
343. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet 1764.
344. Ibid. 1777; PR. STIL. 8.
345. Ex inf. the vicar, 1975.
347. Cal. Pat. 1330-4, 372; Yorks. Chantry Surv. i (Sur. Soc. xci), 85.
348. Valor Eccl. v. 101; Yorks. Chantry Surv. i. 85.
349. Cal. Pat. 1548-9, 198.
350. B.I.H.R., CP. H. 4441.
351. Minster Libr., Torre MS., 'Cleveland & E.R.', p. 393; Y.A.J. xxxiii. 283; see above p. 81. Two other chantries were wrongly ascribed to Stillingfleet in Yorks. Chantry Surv. ii (Sur. Soc. xcii), 378-9; they were, in fact, in Rotherham church (Yorks. W.R.): E 301/64/8.
352. Drake, Hist. York, App. p. lxv.
353. Cal. Pat. 1563-6, p. 476.
355. Cal. Papal Regs. i. 535.
357. Calamy Revised, ed. A. G. Matthews, 481.
358. B.I.H.R., Fac. Bk. i, p. 256.
359. Ibid. Bp. V. 1764/Ret. 56.
360. Rep. Com. Eccl. Revenues, 968.
361. B.I.H.R., V. 1865/Ret. 516; V. 1868/Ret. 470; V. 1871/Ret. 476; V.C.H. Yorks. i. 454.
362. Herring's Visit. iii. 91.
363. B.I.H.R., V. 1865/Ret. 516; V. 1868/Ret. 470; V. 1871/Ret. 476; V. 1877/Ret.; Bp. V. 1884/Ret.; Bp. V. 1894/Ret.; Bp. V. 1914/Ret.
364. Bulmer, Dir. E. Yorks. (1892), 716.
366. Ex inf. the vicar, 1975.
367. The church is described in detail in Assoc. Archit. Soc. Rep. & Papers, xiv. 73-9.
368. See plate facing p. 177.
369. It is pre-Conquest in style, if not in date: Y.A.J. xxi. 254-5; Pevsner, Yorks. E.R. 16, 350-1.
371. W. K. Jordan, Chars. of Rural Eng. 1480-1660, 391. The date also appears in a window in the north chancel aisle.
372. B.I.H.R., V. 1567-8/CB. 2.
373. Assoc. Archit. Soc. Rep. & Papers, xiv. 73.
374. White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 337.
375. B.I.H.R., V. 1865/Ret. 516.
376. Ibid. Fac. 1877/13; Assoc. Archit. Soc. Rep. & Papers, xiv. 73-9.
380. B.I.H.R., TER. N. Stillingfleet 1764; Inventories of Ch. Goods, 83.
381. Boulter, 'Ch. Bells', 32.
382. Yorks. Ch. Plate, i. 319-20.
383. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 1-13. The later registers remain in the church.
384. York Dioc. Regy. Consecration deeds.
386. E 134/14 Eliz. I Hil./1.
387. E 134/14 & 15 Eliz. I Mich./11.
388. See p. 105 and below.
389. Aveling, Post Reformation Catholicism, 13.
390. Bodl. MS. Tanner 150, ff. 27 sqq.; Aveling, Post Reformation Catholicism, 64; Herring's Visit. iii. 91.
391. Herring's Visit. iii. 91.
392. J. Lyth, Glimpses of Early Methodism in York and Dist. 297.
393. G.R.O. Worship Returns, Vol. v, nos. 404, 692, 1352, 2280, 2531, 2671, 2761.
394. B.I.H.R., Fac. Bk. iii, p. 388.
395. G.R.O. Worship Returns, Vol. v, no. 2916.
397. Lyth, op. cit. 297.
398. Sheahan and Whellan, Hist. York. & E.R. ii. 630.
399. B.I.H.R., Bp. V. 1894/Ret.
400. V.C.H. Yorks. i. 452-4.
401. Herring's Visit. iii. 91.
402. 10th Rep. Com. Char. 673.
404. Educ. of Poor Digest, 1094.
405. Baines, Hist. Yorks. ii. 359.
406. Educ. Enquiry Abstract, 1096.
407. Ed. 7/135 no. 89.
408. Returns relating to Elem. Educ. 790.
409. Ed. 7/135 no. 89.
410. Rep. of Educ. Cttee. of Council, 1881-2 [C. 3312-I], p. 778, H.C. (1882), xxiii.
411. Bd. of Educ. List 21 (H.M.S.O.); E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1937-8, 179.
412. E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1950-1, 208.
413. Educ. of Poor Digest, 1094.
414. Educ. Enquiry Abstract, 1096.
415. White, Dir. E. & N.R. Yorks. (1840), 337; O.S. Map 6" (1851 edn.).
416. Ed. 7/135 no. 173.
417. Rep. of Educ. Cttee. of Council, 1859-60 , p. 793, H.C. (1860), liv.
418. Returns relating to Elem. Educ. 792.
420. E.R. Educ. Cttee. Mins. 1951-2, 162; 1956-7, 16.
422. Ibid. 1962-3, 4, 194; 1963-4, 158.
423. B.I.H.R., V. 1865/Ret. 516.
424. 10th Rep. Com. Char. 673.
425. B.I.H.R., PR. STIL. 5.
426. 10th Rep. Com. Char. 673.

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