Source: https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/282/172/
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 04:24:58+00:00

Document:
1. A state law for the conservation of water fowl and for the protection of persons engaged in shooting them, which provides that duck blinds in the public waters shall be at least 500 yards apart and gives the riparian owner a preferential right to select the position for a blind, but which forbids him to place one within 250 yards of the land of an adjoining owner without the latter's consent, does not violate the equality clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as a discrimination in favor of persons owning a water frontage of more than 500 yards and against those who own less. P. 282 U. S. 174.
2. That the law does not apply uniformly to all the waters of the state, in that, for some, the minimum distance between blinds is 250 yards and for others there are special exemptions, is not a ground for declaring it invalid in the absence of facts proving the classification unreasonable. Id.
Appeal from a judgment of the Court of Appeals of Maryland which upheld the validity under the federal Constitution of a state statute regulating the erection and maintenance of duck blinds in the waters of the state.
"within 250 yards of the dividing line of any property owned by him and the adjoining property bordering on said waters . . . unless with the consent of the adjoining landowner."
For certain waters, the limitations prescribed are different from those above stated. In some, permission to erect a blind is wholly denied. For others, existing licenses are made renewable without condition. Code of Public General Laws of Maryland (Supp. 1929), Article 99, §§ 40-47.
maintenance. [Footnote 1] His sole claim is that this statute violates the equality clause of the Fourteenth Amendment because it discriminates in favor of riparian owners with a frontage of more than 500 yards, and also because it does not apply uniformly to all the waters of the state. The hearing was on bill and answer. The trial court dismissed the bill on the merits. Its decree was affirmed by the highest court of the state. 150 A. 455.
"the conservation of water fowl and the protection and safety of those engaged in shooting them. The necessity for such regulation is apparent, for, if blinds could be erected in broad waters at any distance from the shore without regard to the distance separating them, it would not only be conducive to the destruction and annihilation of ducks and other water fowl, but extremely dangerous to those shooting them."
150 A. 457. The provision which prohibits placing a blind within 250 yards of the land of an adjoining owner without securing his consent is a necessary incident of the preferential right conferred upon riparian owners. See Sheehy v. Thomas, 155 Md. 688, 142 A. 506. There was obviously no intention to discriminate in favor of persons having a large water frontage, for the consent provision enables owners of small frontages to join in erecting blinds spaced the requisite distance apart.
"Why these provisions were inserted in the statute we are not informed, but we may assume, until the contrary is shown, that a state of facts in respect thereto existed which warranted the legislature in so legislating."
Compare 59 U. S. Maryland, 18 How. 71; McCready v. Virginia, 94 U. S. 391; Manchester v. Massachusetts, 139 U. S. 240; Lawton v. Steele, 152 U. S. 133.
See Close v. Glenwood Cemetery, 107 U. S. 466, 107 U. S. 475; Powell v. Pennsylvania, 127 U. S. 678, 127 U. S. 685; Chicago Dock Co. v. Fraley, 228 U. S. 680, 228 U. S. 686; Rast v. Van Deman & Lewis Co., 240 U. S. 342, 240 U. S. 357.

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