Source: http://ca10.washburnlaw.edu/cases/2000/11/00-6185.htm
Timestamp: 2019-04-25 17:51:49+00:00

Document:
He also alleged the department revoked his credits without prior notice or a hearing. In addition, Mr. Harmon asserted he exhausted his state remedies on these claims by filing a state habeas application in the District Court of Caddo County, Oklahoma, and seeking review by the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals of the district court's decision denying his application.
The federal district court referred the petition to a magistrate judge who recommended denying Mr. Harmon's § 2241 petition for failure to exhaust his state remedies. Specifically, the magistrate judge ascertained Mr. Harmon failed to exhaust his state remedies because his state habeas application was dismissed without prejudice on improper venue grounds due to Mr. Harmon filing his application in the wrong state district court. The magistrate judge further ascertained that both the Oklahoma district court and appellate court explicitly instructed Mr. Harmon the proper venue for his application was in the District Court of Oklahoma County, Oklahoma. Given his apparent failure to refile his application in the proper venue, the magistrate judge noted it appeared Mr. Harmon could still seek review of his claims in the state courts by filing his state habeas application in the proper state district court. Following a review of the record and Mr. Harmon's objections to the magistrate judge's recommendation, the district court adopted the magistrate judge's Report and Recommendation and denied Mr. Harmon's petition.
On appeal, Mr. Harmon asserts the federal district court decided a question of state exhaustion on his petition inconsistent with federal law because "[r]epetitive presentment of the same claim to a different state district court is error." In support, Mr. Harmon provides arguments concerning 1) his perception of federal law which he contends requires the federal district court to reach the merits of his claims; and 2) the grounds supporting his earned credit claims against the Oklahoma Department of Corrections.
We review de novo the district court's legal conclusions in denying Mr. Harmon's § 2241 habeas petition. See Patterson v. Knowles, 162 F.3d 574, 575 (10th Cir. 1998). Like habeas petitions filed under 28 U.S.C. 2254, we require exhaustion of a petitioner's state remedies for petitions filed under § 2241. See Montez, 208 F.3d at 866. "The exhaustion requirement is satisfied if the issues have been 'properly presented to the highest state court, either by direct review of the conviction or in a postconviction attack.'" Brown v. Shanks, 185 F.3d 1122, 1124 (10th Cir. 1999) (quoting Dever v. Kansas State Penitentiary, 36 F.3d 1531, 1534 (10th Cir. 1994). "'An exception is made only if there is no opportunity to obtain redress in state court or if the corrective process is so clearly deficient as to render futile any effort to obtain relief.'" Beavers v. Saffle, 216 F.3d 918, 924 n.3 (10th Cir. 2000) (quoting Duckworth v. Serrano, 454 U.S. 1, 3 (1981) (per curiam), and citing 28 U.S.C. § 2254(b)(1)(B)). In order to appeal the denial of his § 2241 petition, Mr. Harmon must obtain a certificate of appealability. See Montez, 208 F.3d at 867. To obtain a certificate of appealability under § 2253(c), a habeas prisoner like Mr. Harmon must make a "substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right." 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). When, as here, the district court denies a habeas petition on procedural grounds without reaching the merits of the petitioner's claim, "a [certificate of appealability] should issue when the prisoner shows, at least, that jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the petition states a valid claim of the denial of a constitutional right and that jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the district court was correct in its procedural ruling." Slack v. McDaniel, 120 S. Ct. 1595, 1604 (2000).
After a review of the record, it is clear "jurists of reason" would not find it debatable whether the district court correctly ruled on the procedural issue concerning Mr. Harmon's failure to exhaust his state court remedies. The record plainly shows the state court dismissed Mr. Harmon's state habeas application without prejudice and without considering the merits of his claims, based on his failure to file his application in the proper state court. In addition, the state district court and appellate court clearly indicated Mr. Harmon could file his state habeas application in the appropriate state court. Under these circumstances, we agree with the district court that a state remedy is still available to Mr. Harmon. Thus, we conclude Mr. Harmon fails to make a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right because he fails to show he exhausted his state remedies or that exhaustion in the state courts would be futile. Accordingly, for substantially the same reasons contained in the magistrate judge's April 24, 2000 Report and Recommendation, and the district court's May 22, 2000 Order, we deny Mr. Harmon's request for a certificate of appealability and DISMISS his appeal. We further deny Mr. Harmon's request to proceed in forma pauperis.
1. While a certificate of appealability is not necessary for a federal prisoner to proceed under § 2241, a state prisoner, like Mr. Harmon, must obtain a certificate of appealability to appeal the denial of a habeas petition whether such petition was filed pursuant to §§ 2254 or 2241. See Montez v.McKinna, 208 F.3d 862, 866-67 (10th Cir. 2000). The district court denied Mr. Harmon's request for a certificate of appealability, which Mr. Harmon renews on appeal.
2. Mr. Harmon claims the impetus for the department's revocation of his earned credits stemmed from its improper, retroactive consideration of his 1992 escape from incarceration.

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