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Timestamp: 2019-04-23 02:29:50+00:00

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Dec 31, 2015 - Hanyu Zhang , Jungwook Choi , Arjun Ramani , Damien Voiry , Sean N. Natoli , Manish Chhowalla , David R. McMillin , Jong Hyun Choi.
Dec 31, 2015 - ... M. Rouleau , Alexander A. Puretzky , Kai Xiao , Mina Yoon , Gyula Eres , Gerd Duscher , Bobby G. Sumpter , and David B. Geohegan.
Dec 31, 2015 - interest due to their sizable band gap (â¼1â2 eV), in contrast to ...... Rowan, A. E.; Nolte, R. J.; Torres, T. Donor-Acceptor Phthalocyanine.
4 days ago - ... packing similar to that of polyethylene, at the cost of distorting the inorganic frame and, in turn, opening the electronic band gap.
Feb 10, 2012 - Sadia Khalid , Ejaz Ahmed , Yaqoob Khan , Khalid Nadeem Riaz , Mohammad ... Sadia Khalid , E. Ahmed , Yaqoob Khan , Saima Nawaz , M.
Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
Abstract Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are one of the very important research issues for stacked optoelectronic device applications. In this study, using the transferred and stacked NbSe2-WSe2 films as electrodes and a channel, we fabricated the field-effect transistor (FET) devices based on 2D-2D vdW metalsemiconductor heterojunctions (HJs) and systematically studied their ultraviolet (UV) wavelength-dependent electrical and photoresponse properties. Upon the exposure to UV light with a wavelength of 365 nm, the NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJFET devices exhibited threshold voltage shift toward positive gate bias direction, a current increase, and a nonlinear photocurrent increase upon applying a gate bias due to the contribution of the photogenerated hole current. In contrast, for the 254 nm-UV irradiated FET devices, the drain current was decreased dramatically, and the threshold voltage was negatively shifted. The time-resolved photoresponse properties showed that the device current after turning off the 254 nm-UV light was completely and much more rapidly recovered compared to the case with the persistent photocurrent after turning off the 365 nm-UV light. Interestingly, we found that the wettability of the WSe2 surface was changed with increasing irradiation time only after 254 nm-UV irradiation. The measured wetting behavior on the WSe2 surface provided direct evidence that the experimentally observed UV wavelength-dependent phenomena was attributed to the UV-induced dissociative adsorption of oxygen and water molecules, leading to the modulation of charge trap states on the photogenerated and intrinsic carriers in the ptype WSe2 channel. This study will help provide understanding the influence of environmental and electrical measurement conditions on the electrical and optical properties of 2D-2D vdW HJ devices for a variety of device applications through the stacking of 2D heterostructures.
SiO2/Si and WSe2/SiO2/Si substrate. Based on these results, we suggested the experimentally observed UV wavelength-dependent optoelectronic properties are attributed to the UV irradiation-induced modulation of the charge trap states in the WSe2 channel, which was explained using a vdW HJ-based energy band diagrams.
CCD camera (Phoenix 300 SEO), by placing a water droplet on the surface of the SiO2/Si and WSe2/SiO2/Si substrates, at room temperature.
different charge transport mechanisms in our vdW HJFET devices depending on the UV wavelength. Accordingly, compared to the case of 254 nm-UV irradiation, 365 nm-UV irradiation can lead to a considerable contribution of the photogenerated holes to the device current (Figure 5c). As shown in Figure 5c, the trap states in the band gap of WSe2 can become filled with the photogenerated holes, resulting in significant increase of the photocurrent as the photogenerated and intrinsic carrier concentration exceed the concentration of trapping states (Figure 2 and SI Figure S6).
conditions on the electrical and optical properties of 2D-2D vdW HJ devices, which can be an important progress for the applications of a variety of electronic and optoelectronic devices through the implementation of all 2D heterostructures.
Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no competing financial interest. Acknowledgements. W.-K.H acknowledges the financial support from the KBSI grant (T37417). B.C. is grateful for the support from the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2017R1C1B1005076). Supporting Information Available: Device fabrication process of 2D NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJFETs, thickness measurement of NbSe2-WSe2, transistor and photoresponse characteristics of the 30 µm channel vdW HJFETs with, photocurrent characteristics of 10 µm channel vdW HJFET device, and water contact angle on the SiO2 surface after UV irradiation.
Figure 1. (a) Schematic drawing of the 2D NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJ (top) and optical images of the back gated-HJ FET devices with channel lengths of 10 and 30 µm (bottom). (b) Raman spectra of the WSe2 (left) and NbSe2 (right) films. (c) Cross-sectional HR-TEM images of the WSe2 (left) and NbSe2 (right) layers. Thicknesses of the semiconducting WSe2 and metallic NbSe2 films on the SiO2 substrate were measured to be approximately 2.3 and 2.8 nm, indicating three and four layers, respectively. (d) Output characteristics showing a representative IDS-VDS curves of the NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJFETs (10 µm channel) under dark condition. (e) Transfer characteristics showing the linear IDS-VGS curves of the same device at different drain biases at –1 and –5 V. The inset shows the semi-logarithmic scale plots of the IDS-VGS curves.
Figure 2. (a) IDS-VDS and (b) IDS-VGS characteristics of the NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJFET device (10 µm channel) under UV irradiation (254 and 365 nm wavelength). The inset in (b) shows the semi-logarithmic scale plot of the IDS-VGS curves. (c) UV wavelength-dependent photocurrent (Iph = Iphoto – Idark) of the vdW HJFET device as a function of gate voltage VGS at VDS = –1 V. (d-f) Contour plots of the conductance of the vdW HJFET device at different VGS and VDS under (d) dark condition, (e) 254 nm-, and (f) 365 nm-UV irradiation.
Figure 3. (a,b) Photoresponsivity (R) (a) and photogain (G) (b) as a function of the gate voltage of the NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJFET device (10 µm channel) at fixed VDS = –1 V under different UV irradiation. (c,d) Photoresponsivity as a function of the drain-source voltage at various gate voltages under (c) 254 nm- and (d) 365 nm-UV irradiation. The R-VDS log-log plots are reasonably fitted to a power law (R ∝ VDSα).
Figure 5. (a) Energy level alignment between the electrodes (NbSe2) and the channel (WSe2) under an equilibrium state with the vdW gap and trap states (left) and energy band diagram under bias condition. Schematic illustrations of the surface reaction processes involving water and oxygen molecules and corresponding energy band diagrams for the NbSe2-WSe2 vdW HJFET device under (b) 254 nm- and (c) 365 nm-UV irradiation. Note that the applied gate voltage is smaller than threshold gate voltage (VGS < Vth), indicating the accumulation (ON) state of the p-type WSe2 channel, and UV light induces the generation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs in the WSe2 channel. The gray/blue/magenta arrows indicate current flow. (d,e) Water contact angles on the WSe2 surface as a function of the irradiation time of (d) 254 nm- and (e) 365 nm-UV light. The decrease of contact angle with increasing UV irradiation indicates the surface wettability of relatively more hydrophilic property. The inset shows images of a water droplet on the WSe2/SiO2 substrate.
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