Source: http://www.carsandracingstuff.com/library/government/unitedstatessupremecourt/384US127.php
Timestamp: 2019-04-22 14:22:32+00:00

Document:
NO. 46.  ARGUED DECEMBER 9, 1965.  - DECIDED APRIL 28, 1966.  - 234 F.
SUPP. 85, REVERSED AND REMANDED.
OF THEIR FREEDOM TO DEAL THROUGH DISCOUNTERS IF THEY SO CHOOSE.  PP.
SYSTEM IS LAWFUL OR ECONOMICALLY DESIRABLE.  P. 142.
PERVASIVE IN THE INITIATION, EXECUTION AND FULFILLMENT OF THE PLAN.
UNITED STATES V. PARKE, DAVIS & CO., 362 U.S. 29, 43.  PP. 142-143.
INC. V. BROADWAY-HALE STORES, INC., 359 U.S. 207.  PP. 145-146.
KEEP OTHERS FROM TRADING IN THE MARKET IS IRRELEVANT.  PP. 146-147.
V. PARKE, DAVIS & CO., SUPRA.  P. 147.
UNITED STATES V. GENERAL MOTORS CORP. ET AL.
ONE OR MORE OF THE APPELLEE ASSOCIATIONS.
PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF CHEVROLET."
IT COULD FROM ITS CUSTOMER.
SALES IN A SINGLE YEAR.
ONE OR MORE OF THE DISCOUNT OUTLETS  (FN6) BEGAN TO FEEL THE PINCH.
PURCHASED, PURSUANT TO THE NEW-CAR WARRANTY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT.
HAD BEEN BRIEFED ON THE SUBJECT IN DETROIT ON DECEMBER 14.
THEIR TEETH DOWN THEIR THROATS."
THE THREE APPELLEE ASSOCIATIONS, AND A NUMBER OF INDIVIDUAL DEALERS.
JOINTLY FOR THE THREE DEFENDANT ASSOCIATIONS.
"NUMBER ONE FLEET SALESMAN" IN THE 11-STATE PACIFIC REGION.
FRANCHISE AGREEMENT, WHICH INTEREST THEY LAWFULLY SOUGHT TO VINDICATE.
OF THEIR FREEDOM TO DEAL THROUGH DISCOUNTERS IF THEY SO CHOOSE.
ACTION A DEALER MIGHT INDIVIDUALLY TAKE TO VINDICATE THIS INTEREST.
ABJURE SUCH SALES IN FUTURE (FINDING 42).
ALTHOUGH THEY MAY HAVE ENGAGED IN "PARALLEL ACTION."
TRADE COMM'N V. BEECH-NUT PACKING CO., 257 U.S. 441, 455.
JOINT PROFFER OF AID WAS ACCEPTED AND UTILIZED BY GENERAL MOTORS.
ASSUMED, WITHOUT BEING DECIDED, IN PARKE DAVIS, SUPRA.
U.S. 707, 722-723; INTERSTATE CIRCUIT, INC. V. UNITED STATES, 306 U.S.
FOR THEIR USE," AND THAT GROUP BOYCOTTS ARE OF THIS CHARACTER.
ORIGINATORS' GUILD OF AMERICA, INC. V. FEDERAL TRADE COMM'N, 312 U.S.
234 U.S. 600, 613-614, NEITHER OF WHICH INVOLVED PRICE-FIXING.
MAY BE DIRECTED - AS IN FASHION ORIGINATORS' GUILD OF AMERICA, INC. V.
FEDERAL TRADE COMM'N, SUPRA, AT 468.
PER SE RULE APPLIES EVEN WHEN THE EFFECT UPON PRICES IS INDIRECT.
PRICE COMPETITION.  THE DISCOUNTERS ADVERTISED PRICE SAVINGS.  SEE N.
PRICES WERE LOWER THAN THOSE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE FRANCHISED DEALERS.
DAVIS & CO., SUPRA, AT 47-48.  IT IS SO ORDERED.
THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA, AND OTHERS TO THE PLAINTIFF UNKNOWN ..
WHETHER OR NOT THE SALE WAS CONSUMMATED.
CAR WARRANTY AND SERVICE AGREEMENT.
PRICES AT WHICH FRANCHISED DEALERS WERE ABLE TO, OR CHOSE TO, COMPETE.
WITHOUT BOTHERING TO CONFIRM BY COMPARISON SHOPPING, THAT "DISCOUNT"
"SAVINGS OF HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS."
AND CHEVROLET'S ZONE MANAGER O'CONNOR, WRITTEN ON NOVEMBER 5, 1960.
LETTER TO GENERAL MOTORS OFFICIALS IN DETROIT.
END TO THE DISCOUNT HOUSE SALE OF CHEVROLETS."
MANAGERS FOR THE RESPECTIVE DIVISIONS.
JUSTIFIED.  THE ACCOUNTS WERE TERMINATED.  THE DEBTS REMAINED UNPAID.
DISCOUNT HOUSE OR REFERRAL SERVICE WOULD SOON QUIT."
SOME OTHER DEALER WHO MIGHT BE SOLICITED FROM STARTING THE PRACTICE."
TOGETHER TO ELIMINATE THE NEW MODE OF INTRABRAND COMPETITION.
APPLIED TO THE UNDISPUTED FACTS OF THE CASE.  SEE UNITED STATES V.
VALLEY CO., 364 U.S. 520, 526, AND CASES THERE CITED.
RATIONALE BEHIND RULE 52(A) (SEE UNITED STATES V. OREGON STATE MED.
INTRODUCED, AND BEAR ON THE QUESTION FOR DECISION.
LEGAL CONCLUSION THAT THERE WAS NO CONSPIRACY.
COULD LAWFULLY HAVE TAKEN SUCH ACTION.
DEALERSHIPS, GENERAL MOTORS ITSELF HAS INVESTED SUBSTANTIAL FUNDS.
(C.A. 3D CIR. 1963), AND GRAHAM V. TRIANGLE PUBLICATIONS, INC., 233 F.
SINGLE-FIRM CONDUCT BECOME VERTICLE RESTRAINT?  30 LAW & CONTEMP.
NATIONS, SHALL BE DEEMED GUILTY OF A MISDEMEANOR  ..  .""  15 U.S.C.
STATE OF MIND IS OF SIGNIFICANCE HERE.
SO CONDUCT HIMSELF.  SEE UNITED STATES V. COLGATE & CO., 250 U.S. 300.
CONTRARY.    ON THIS BASIS I CONCUR IN THE JUDGMENT OF THE COURT.

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