Source: http://www.childrenslegalrightsjournal.com/childrenslegalrightsjournal/volume_37_issue_1?pg=41
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 10:27:20+00:00

Document:
profound impact on the lives of America’s most vulnerable citizens.
188 Pub. Law. 105-89, § 111 Stat. 2129 (1997).
189 See, e.g., 42 U.S.C. § 671(a)( 15); ALASKA STAT. § 47. 10.086 (2016); IOWA CODE § 232.102( 5)(b); MINN. STAT. § 260.012(a).
190 25 U.S.C. § 1912(d) (2012) (emphasis added).
191 See, e.g., In re Adoption of Hannah S., 142 Cal. App. 4th 988, 998 (2006) (“Active efforts are essentially equivalent to reasonable efforts to provide or offer reunification services in a non-ICWA case and must likewise be tailored to the circumstances of the case.”).
192 See, e.g., In re Shayla H., 22 Neb. App. 8 (Neb. Ct. App. 2014), aff’d, 289 Neb. 473 (2014); People ex rel. A.R., 310 P.3d 1007, 1015 (Colo. Ct. App. 2012); In re JL, 770 N.W.2d 853, 865 (Mich. 2009); In re Welfare of Children of S.W., 727 N. W.2d 144, 150 (Minn. Ct. App. 2007); In re A.N., 106 P.3d 556, 560– 61 (Mont. 2005); In re Interest of Walter W., 274 Neb. 859, 865 (2008); In re J.S., 177 P.3d 590, 593 (Okla. Civ. App. 2008); Dep’t of Human Services v. K.C.J., 228 Or. App. 70, 74 (2009); State ex rel. C.D., 200 P.3d 194, 205 (Utah. Ct. App. 2008). See also Megan Scanlon, From Theory to Practice: Incorporating the “Active Efforts” Requirement in Indian Child Welfare Act Proceedings, 43 ARIZ. ST. L. J. 629, 646–54 (2011).
193 Guidelines, 80 Fed. Reg. at 10150–51, A. 2( 15).
194 The regulations chose simply to omit reference to “reasonable efforts,” rather than to compare “active” and “reasonable” efforts. 81 Fed. Reg. at 38791.

References: § 111
 § 671
 § 47
 § 232
 § 260
 § 1912
 v.