Source: http://kamniro.ru/en/publishing_department/jornal/archives/volume_26_1
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 08:38:04+00:00

Document:
Year-to-year variations in the thermal regime of Dalneye Lake, which is spawning and nursery site of sockeye salmon, were analyzed on the base of generalization of water temperature observations for 30 years. It is demonstrated that in 1981–2010 the lake had got mostly favorable thermal conditions. The maximal warming of the lake water was observed in 1999–2003. A comparison, provided between the winter and summer-autumn thermal dynamics, has revealed contradict trends in the year-to-year variations of water temperature. When the lake had covered with ice in 1981–1997 the water temperature went mostly increasing, whereas in 1998–2010 it decreased. On the contrary, the period 1981–1998, when the lake had been free of ice, could be characterized as cold, whereas the period 1999–2010 as warm one. The long term dynamics of the average annual temperature of water demonstrated poor dependence on the dynamics of thermal regime during the ice period. The dynamics was determined rather by the dynamics of the average water temperature in the summer-autumn months and demonstrated in general similar character to the dynamics of air temperature in the basin of the lake.
This article includes information about species composition of holothurians in the Avacha Gulf (Kamchatka). This material collected by SCUBA divers and using the “Okean”-grab, and also based on samples from fishery expeditions of KamchatNIRO to the Avacha Gulf in the period from 1985 to 2011. Except four species found in the gulf before we discovered nine more. Thirteen species of holothurians found in the Avacha Gulf refer to three orders and six families. We also describe species, provide information about general morphology, ossicles texture and ecology. Drawings of external appearance and ossicles, identification key and diagnosis of described species are given in the article.
The analysis of the long standing data is carried out about structure and properties of halophilic vibriones of sea objects, environment of their dwelling, and influence of the data microorganisms population to the safety and quality of food raw materials and production from hydrobionts. It is established that halophilic vibriones are autochthonic and allochthonic microorganisms of sea systems, but also are often found out in mouth of the rivers and fresh water reservoirs in the associated with invertebrates. The most occurrenced epidemy important species are Vibrio parahaemolyticus V. alginolyticus, less important are V. vulnificus V. metschnikovii V. fluvialis V. hollisae V. furnissii V. damsela V. cincinnatiensis V. carchariae. According to the literary data, frequency of isolation vibriones from objects of the surrounding sea environment and from objects of a coastal craft is high and also prevails during the warm period of the year. The seasonal prevalence of enteric halophilic disease correlates with frequency of isolation halophilic vibriones from objects of sea environment. It is established reason enteric halophilic disease at the human, at secondary infection of food raw materials of a sea origin, on an example of shrimps — Sclerocrangon salebrosa — in the conditions of their primary preparation.
On the basis of the ground trawling surveys data executed per 1953–2009 the seasonal and bathymetric distribution of Rock Sole from the southeast shelf of Kamchatka have been analyzed. The time and a direction of seasonal migrations have been determined. The areas and the periods of spawning have been specified.
Reproduction of Pacific herring in the Gulf of Korph and Karaginsky Gulf in connection to abundance of the stock and some biological characteristics of spawners is discussed. It is revealed that abundant progeny appeared in the population more often in the years when parental abundance reached averagely middle level of abundance (570–1400 million fishes); young (3–5-years-old) individuals predominated in reproduction stock; index of body condition of spawners was high; females made up from 45 to 50% of the stock; average weight of egg at the 5-th stage of maturation was minimal.
Data on distribution, reproductive ecology, stock condition, salmon fishery, biological structure of Pacific salmon inhabiting two main rivers located on the northern part of the Okhotsk Sea which belong to the state nature reserve “Magadanskiy” are represented in this article.
Analysis of growth rate of coho salmon for 2005–2010 has demonstrated identical character of variations in dynamics of increments for coho salmons from the east and west coasts of Kamchatka in even and odd years. The growth rate of coho salmon has been reduced for recent six years during freshwater and marine periods of life comparing to the average annual growth rate for 1960–2002. Correlation between absolute fecundity and juvenile freshwater growth can be seen well depending on the body size of migrating two-yearlings under the term of a good growth in the year of spawning migration. The correlation coefficients in most cases are 0.62–0.64. Final fecundity depends on the factors, determining the character of the growth of coho salmon during marine period of life and the absolute individual fecundity formation. The higher the growth rate of fish of same one age at sea, the higher their fecundity, when all the other terms were same. The correlation coefficients vary almost in all cases in range 0.57–0.75.
Biological characterization is accomplished for Chinook salmon from the rivers Palana, Tigil’ and Khairuzova for the period of observation from 1996 to 2011. Transformations in biological structure of Chinook salmon populations are revealed.
Data on the size and weight are demonstrated for Kamchatka grayling from Penzhinsky and Olutorsky administrative districts in comparison to the data from grayling populations of Central and South-West Kamchatka. Analysis of age structure, growth rate and feeding is provided for grayling from the basin of Penzhina River. Data about quantitative ratio and percent of Kamchatka grayling in the catches in the basins of Bolshaya and Penzhina Rivers are demonstrated on the results of control catches.
Hydrological, hydrochemical and hydrobiological characterization is given for small and mid rivers within the basin of Avacha River (the rivers Kolokolnikova, Krasnaya, Polovinka, Kanonersky Brook and a nameless tributary of the Pervaya Mutnaya River — all situated in the area of anthropogenic influence). Current ecological status of the rivers and causes of fish production reduce there for nowadays have been analyzed.
Examination of swampy part of the Kol’ River basin as a complex of biotic and abiotic components was provided first time. Analysis of water samples has revealed neutral-alkaline character of habitats in majority of sites. Flora of aquatic and riparian plants includes minimum 24 species with dominance of sedges and grasses. Examination of aquatic fauna has revealed 12 zoobenthos taxons and 2 zooplankton taxons with dominance of bugs, mollusks and caddisflies. Fish fauna includes Salvelinus leucomaenis and Salvelinus malma chars and nine-spined stickleback.

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