Source: http://isthatlegal.ca/index.php?name=Bad-Faith
Timestamp: 2019-04-19 20:32:50+00:00

Document:
'Bad faith' is used in a number of different legal contexts, related but not always identical. Generally though it is a heightened standard of liability, whereby an government entity is protected from liability unless they meet the standard of 'bad faith'.
What precisely 'bad faith' is, is not so clear.
 In Finney v. Barreau du Québec, 2004 SCC 36 (CanLII),  2 S.C.R. 17, at para. 39, the Supreme Court held that bad faith conduct includes not only intentional fault, but also serious carelessness or recklessness amounting to a “fundamental breakdown of the orderly exercise of authority” or “an actual abuse of power”.
 The party claiming bad faith must provide specific allegations of it. For example, he or she must allege conduct founded upon fraud or oppression, or an improper purpose or motive, such as an intention to mislead or deceive or to deliberately cause harm: see e.g. Sampogna v. Smithies, 2012 ONSC 610 (CanLII), 94 M.P.L.R. (4th) 320, at para. 16; and Burns v. Johnston, 2003 CanLII 44408 (ON SC), 2003 CanLII 44408 (Ont. S.C.), at paras. 29-34. A mere error or omission is not evidence of bad faith: Burns v. Johnston, at para. 32. See also Toronto Sun Wah Trading Inc. v. Canada (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), 2014 ONCA 803 (CanLII); and Deep v. Massel, 2007 CanLII 27969 (ON SC), 2007 CanLII 27969 (Ont S.C.), aff’d 2008 ONCA 4 (CanLII).

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