CELEX: 42021X0829
Language: en
Date: 2021-05-25 00:00:00
Title: UN Regulation No 159 – uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Moving Off Information System for the Detection of Pedestrians and Cyclists [2021/829]

25.5.2021   
            
            
               EN
            
            
               Official Journal of the European Union
            
            
               L 184/62
            
         
      Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html
      UN Regulation No 159 – uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Moving Off Information System for the Detection of Pedestrians and Cyclists [2021/829]
      Date of entry into force: 10 June 2021
      This document is meant purely as documentation tool. The authentic and legally binding text is: ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2020/122.
      CONTENTS
      REGULATION
      
                  0.
               
               Introduction
               
            
                  1.
               
               Scope
               
            
                  2.
               
               Definitions
               
            
                  3.
               
               Application for approval
               
            
                  4.
               
               Approval
               
            
                  5.
               
               Specifications
               
            
                  6.
               
               Test procedure
               
            
                  7.
               
               Modification of vehicle type and extension of type approval
               
            
                  8.
               
               Conformity of production
               
            
                  9.
               
               Penalties for non-conformity of production
               
            
                  10.
               
               Production definitively discontinued
               
            
                  11.
               
               Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of Type Approval Authorities
               
            ANNEXES
      
                  1
               
               Communication
               
            
                  2
               
               Arrangements of approval marks
               
            
                  3
               
               Test method for determining blind spot boundary
               
            0.   INTRODUCTION (for information)
      
               
                  0.1.
               
               
                  Low-speed moving off from rest manoeuvres that involve collisions between M2, M3, N2 and N3 vehicle category vehicles (subject vehicles) and pedestrians and cyclists have serious consequences for these vulnerable road users (VRUs). In the past, VRU safety was raised by increasing the number of mirrors to provide better visibility of the area in front of the vehicle. Since collisions with these characteristics still occur and advanced driver assistance systems have been introduced in a lot of vehicle segments, it is obvious to use such assistance systems for avoiding accidents between subject vehicles and VRUs.
               
            
               
                  0.2.
               
               
                  Theoretical considerations show that the criticality of traffic situations that involve subject vehicles and VRUs can be significant due to the misunderstandings of the situation by the vehicle operators. In some cases, the increase in situation criticality can occur so suddenly that high-urgency warnings, intended to generate a driver reaction to the situation, cannot be activated early enough for the driver to react in time. In general, driver reactions to any information (high/low urgency signals) can be expected only after a certain reaction time. This response time, particularly during close-proximity manoeuvres, is much longer than the time required to avoid the accident in many situations – the accident cannot be avoided despite the warning.
               
            
               
                  0.3.
               
               
                  High-urgency warnings during a driving situation are only justified should the probability for an accident be high – otherwise vehicle drivers tend to ignore the system alerts. Should lower urgency information signals be activated sufficiently early, however, it may help the driver rather than annoy them. It is assumed to be possible to design a human-machine interface (HMI) for moving-off driver assistance systems in a way that it does not annoy drivers when the information is not needed, for instance by requiring the use of a less intrusive signal mode.
               
            
               
                  0.4.
               
               
                  Therefore, this Regulation requires the activation of a proximity information signal in case pedestrians or cyclists enter the critical blind spot area in front of the vehicle, should the subject vehicle either be preparing to move off from rest in a straight line or be travelling straight ahead at low-speeds. This signal shall be deactivated automatically in case of system failure or contamination of the sensors, whilst manual deactivation may also be possible through a sequence of actions by the driver to avoid unintentional deactivation.
               
            
               
                  0.5.
               
               
                  Furthermore, this Regulation asks for an additional signal, which shall be given when the collision becomes imminent, e.g. when the vehicle accelerates from rest and the pedestrian or cyclist is located directly in front of the vehicle. The activation and deactivation strategy for this collision warning signal may be determined by the manufacturer; however, in case of system failure or sensor contamination, the proximity information signal and collision warning signal shall be deactivated together.
               
            
               
                  0.6.
               
               
                  This Regulation defines a test procedure based on subject vehicles that are stationary, moving-off from rest and moving ahead at low-speeds in a straight line for speeds of 10 km/h or less. Collision analysis data shows that the provision of information and warnings during these vehicle manoeuvres is appropriate since the information signal needs to be present sufficiently early to alert the driver of pedestrians and cyclists in close-proximity to the front end of the vehicle.
               
            
               
                  0.7.
               
               
                  This Regulation cannot cover all the traffic conditions and infrastructure features in the type-approval process; this Regulation recognises that the performances required in this Regulation cannot be achieved in all conditions (vehicle condition, road environment, weather conditions and traffic scenarios etc. may affect the system performances). Actual conditions and features in the real world should not result in false warnings to the extent that they encourage the driver to switch the system off.
               
            1.   SCOPE
      
               
                  1.1.
               
               
                  This Regulation applies to the approval of vehicles of categories M2, M3, N2 and N3 with regard to an onboard system to detect and inform the driver of the presence of pedestrians and cyclists in the close-proximity forward blind-spot of the vehicle and, if deemed necessary based on manufacturer strategy, warn the driver of a potential collision.
               
            
               
                  1.2.
               
               
                  The requirements of this Regulation are so worded as to apply to vehicles which are developed for right-hand traffic. In vehicles that are developed for left-hand traffic, these requirements shall be applied by inverting the criteria, where appropriate.
               
            
               
                  1.3.
               
               
                  The following vehicles of category M and N shall be exempted from this Regulation:
                  Vehicles where installation of any device for moving off information system is incompatible with their on-road use may be partly or fully exempted from this Regulation, subject to the decision of the Type Approval Authority.
               
            2.   DEFINITIONS
      For the purposes of this Regulation:
      
                  2.1.
               
               
                  ‘Moving Off Information System (MOIS)’ means a system to detect and inform the driver of the presence of pedestrians and cyclists in the close-proximity forward blind-spot of the vehicle and, if deemed necessary based on manufacturer strategy, warn the driver of a potential collision.
               
            
                  2.2.
               
               
                  ‘Approval of a vehicle type’ means the full procedure whereby a Contracting Party to the Agreement certifies that a vehicle type meets the technical requirements of this Regulation.
               
            
                  2.3.
               
               
                  ‘Vehicle type with regard to its Moving Off Information System’ means a category of vehicles which do not differ in such essential respects as:
                  
                              (a)
                           
                           
                              The manufacturer’s trade name or mark;
                           
                        
                              (b)
                           
                           
                              Vehicle features which significantly influence the performances of the MOIS;
                           
                        
                              (c)
                           
                           
                              The type and design of the MOIS.
                           
                        
            
                  2.4.
               
               
                  ‘Subject vehicle’ means the vehicle being tested.
               
            
                  2.5.
               
               
                  ‘Vulnerable Road User (VRU)’ means an adult or child pedestrian or an adult or child cyclist.
               
            
                  2.6.
               
               
                  ‘Information signal’ means a signal emitted by the MOIS with the purpose of informing the vehicle driver about a VRU in close-proximity to the front of the vehicle.
               
            
                  2.7.
               
               
                  ‘Collision warning signal’ means a signal emitted by the MOIS with the purpose of warning the vehicle driver when the MOIS has detected a potential frontal collision with a VRU in close-proximity to the front of the vehicle.
               
            
                  2.8.
               
               
                  ‘Vehicle master control switch’ means the device by which the vehicle’s on-board electronics system is brought, from being switched off, as in the case where a vehicle is parked without the driver being present, to a normal operation mode.
               
            
                  2.9.
               
               
                  ‘Initialisation’ means the process of setting-up the operation of the MOIS after the vehicle master control switch is activated until it is fully functional.
               
            
                  2.10.
               
               
                  ‘Common space’ means an area on which two or more information functions (e.g. symbols) may be displayed, but not simultaneously.
               
            
                  2.11.
               
               
                  ‘Ocular reference point’ means the middle point between two points 65 mm apart and 635 mm vertically above the reference point which is specified in Annex 1 of ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6 (1) on the driver’s seat. The straight line joining the two points runs perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal median plane of the vehicle. The centre of the segment joining the two points is in a vertical longitudinal plane which shall pass through the centre of the driver’s designated seating position, as specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
               
            
                  2.12.
               
               
                  ‘Vehicle front’ means the plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and touching its foremost point, disregarding the projection of devices for indirect vision and any part of the vehicle greater than 2,0 m above the ground.
               
            
                  2.13.
               
               
                  ‘Nearside’ means the right side of the vehicle for right-hand traffic.
               
            
                  2.14.
               
               
                  ‘Nearside vehicle plane’ means the plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and touching its most outboard point in the nearside direction forward of the driver ocular reference point, disregarding the projection of devices for indirect vision and any part of the subject vehicle higher than 2,0 m above the ground.
               
            
                  2.15.
               
               
                  ‘Offside’ means the left side of the vehicle for right-hand traffic
               
            
                  2.16.
               
               
                  ‘Offside vehicle plane’ means the plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and touching its most outboard point in the offside direction forward of the driver ocular reference point, disregarding the projection of devices for indirect vision and any part of the subject vehicle higher than 2,0 m above the ground.
               
            
                  2.17.
               
               
                  ‘Vehicle width’ means the distance between the nearside and offside vehicle planes.
               
            
                  2.18.
               
               
                  ‘Vehicle trajectory’ means the connection of all positions within the vehicle width where the vehicle front has been or will be during the test runs.
               
            
                  2.19.
               
               
                  ‘Soft target’ means a target that will suffer minimum damage and cause minimum damage to the subject vehicle in the event of a collision.
               
            
                  2.20.
               
               
                  ‘Pedestrian test target’ means an adult or child sized pedestrian simulated by a soft target device specified according to ISO 19206-2:2018.
               
            
                  2.21.
               
               
                  ‘Cyclist test target’ means an adult sized cyclist and bicycle simulated by a soft target and bicycle device specified according to ISO (CD) 19206-4.
               
            
                  2.22.
               
               
                  ‘Blind spot boundary’ means the line, described as defined in Annex 3, that joins all points located at the boundaries of the visible areas forward of the vehicle front and in close-proximity to the subject vehicle.
               
            
                  2.23.
               
               
                  ‘Collision point’ means the position where the trajectory of any point of the vehicle front would intersect with any VRU soft target reference point should a moving off or low-speed manoeuvre be performed by the vehicle.
               
            
                  2.24.
               
               
                  ‘Forward separation distance’ means the distance in the forward direction between the vehicle front and the nearest point of the soft target.
               
            
                  2.25.
               
               
                  ‘Maximum forward separation plane’ means the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle representing the greatest forward separation distance that the MOIS is required to detect the presence of a VRU. The distance of this plane from the vehicle front shall be selected as either 3,7 m or the most forward point of the blind spot boundary at the manufacturer’s choosing, and shall be no less than 1,0 m.
               
            
                  2.26.
               
               
                  ‘Minimum forward separation plane’ means the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle representing the shortest forward separation distance that the MOIS is required to detect the presence of a VRU. The distance of this plane from the vehicle front shall be 0,8 m.
               
            
                  2.27.
               
               
                  ‘Nearside separation plane’ means the plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle and located 0,5 m outboard from the nearside vehicle plane.
               
            
                  2.28.
               
               
                  ‘Offside separation plane’ means the plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle and located 0,5 m outboard from the offside vehicle plane.
               
            
                  2.29.
               
               
                  ‘Forward vehicle mode’ means the vehicle mode when the powertrain moves the vehicle forward, on release of the brake system or by the application of pressure to the accelerator pedal (or activation of an equivalent control).
               
            
                  2.30.
               
               
                  ‘Potential moving off manoeuvre’ means the subject vehicle being stationary, the vehicle master control switch activated, the vehicle in a normal operation mode and with the forward vehicle mode or a forward gear engaged/selected.
               
            
                  2.31.
               
               
                  ‘Low-speed manoeuvre’ means the subject vehicle being in a normal operation mode, moving forward in a straight line at speeds of below 10 km/h.
               
            
                  2.32.
               
               
                  ‘Last Point of Information (LPI)’ means the point at which the information signal shall have been given.
               
            3.   APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL
      
               
                  3.1.
               
               
                  The application for approval of a vehicle type with regard to the Moving Off Information Systems (MOIS) shall be submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or by their authorized representative.
               
            
               
                  3.2.
               
               
                  It shall be accompanied by the documents mentioned below in triplicate and include the following particular:
               
            
               
                  3.2.1.
               
               
                  A description of the vehicle type with regard to the items mentioned in paragraph 5., together with dimensional drawings and the documentation as referred to in paragraph 6.1. The numbers and/or symbols identifying the vehicle type shall be specified.
               
            
               
                  3.3.
               
               
                  A vehicle representative of the vehicle type to be approved shall be submitted to the Technical Service conducting the approval tests.
               
            4.   APPROVAL
      
               
                  4.1.
               
               
                  If the vehicle type submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation meets the requirements of paragraph 5. below, approval of that vehicle type shall be granted.
               
            
               
                  4.2.
               
               
                  The conformity of the requirements in paragraph 5. shall be verified with the test procedure as defined in paragraph 6., however its operation shall not be limited to these specific test conditions.
               
            
               
                  4.3.
               
               
                  An approval number shall be assigned to each vehicle type approved; its first two digits (00 for this Regulation in its initial form) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to this Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to the same vehicle type equipped with another type of MOIS, or to another vehicle type.
               
            
               
                  4.4.
               
               
                  Notice of approval or of refusal or withdrawal of approval pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 and photographs and/or plans supplied by the applicant being in a format not exceeding A4 (210 × 297 mm), or folded to that format, and on an appropriate scale.
               
            
               
                  4.5.
               
               
                  There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place specified on the approval form, to every vehicle conforming to a vehicle type approved under this Regulation, an international approval mark conforming to the model described in Annex 2, consisting of either:
               
            
               
                  4.5.1.
               
               
                  A circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by:
                  
                              (a)
                           
                           
                              the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval (2); and
                           
                        
                              (b)
                           
                           
                              the number of this Regulation, followed by the letter ‘R’, a dash and the approval number to the right of the circle prescribed in this paragraph;
                              or
                           
                        
            
               
                  4.5.2.
               
               
                  An oval surrounding the letters ‘UI’ followed by the Unique Identifier.
               
            
               
                  4.6.
               
               
                  If the vehicle conforms to a vehicle type approved under one or more other UN Regulations annexed to the Agreement, in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation, the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.5. above need not be repeated. In such a case, the UN Regulation and approval numbers and the additional symbols shall be placed in vertical columns to the right of the symbol prescribed in paragraph 4.5. above.
               
            
               
                  4.7.
               
               
                  The approval mark shall be clearly legible and be indelible.
               
            
               
                  4.8.
               
               
                  The approval mark shall be placed close to or on the vehicle data plate.
               
            5.   SPECIFICATIONS
      
               
                  5.1.
               
               
                  General requirements
               
            
               
                  5.1.1.
               
               
                  Any vehicle fitted with a MOIS complying with the definition of paragraph 2.1. above shall meet the requirements contained in paragraphs 5.2. to 5.8. of this Regulation.
               
            
               
                  5.1.2.
               
               
                  The effectiveness of the MOIS shall not be adversely affected by magnetic or electrical fields. This shall be demonstrated by compliance with the technical requirements and transitional provisions of UN Regulation No 10, 05 series of amendments or any later series of amendments.
               
            
               
                  5.2.
               
               
                  Performance requirements
               
            
               
                  5.2.1.
               
               
                  The MOIS shall at least operate during all potential moving off manoeuvres and low-speed manoeuvres, for ambient light conditions above 15 Lux with or without passing beam headlamps activated.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.
               
               
                  The MOIS shall inform the driver about VRUs in close-proximity to the vehicle front that might be endangered during a potential moving off manoeuvre or low-speed manoeuvre. This information shall be provided to the driver so that the vehicle may be prevented by the driver from interacting with the trajectory of the VRU.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.1.
               
               
                  The information signal shall be provided at least for as long as the conditions specified in paragraphs 5.2.2.2. and 5.2.2.3. are fulfilled.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.2.
               
               
                  Potential moving-off manoeuvre
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.2.1.
               
               
                  When performing a potential moving-off manoeuvre, the MOIS shall provide an information signal for VRUs moving at speeds of between 3 km/h and 5 km/h, when travelling from the nearside and offside of the vehicle in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle median longitudinal plane and located within an area bounded by the maximum and minimum forward separation planes and the nearside and offside separation planes.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.3.
               
               
                  Low-speed manoeuvre
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.3.1.
               
               
                  When performing a low-speed manoeuvre, the MOIS shall provide an information signal for adult and child cyclists that are stationary or moving forward in a direction parallel to the vehicle median longitudinal plane at speeds of between 0 km/h and 10 km/h and located within an area bounded by the nearside and offside vehicle planes and the maximum and minimum forward separation planes.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.3.2.
               
               
                  When a vehicle performing a low-speed manoeuvre has already detected an adult or child cyclist and provided an information signal in accordance with 5.2.2.3.1., the MOIS shall maintain the information signal even if the vehicle comes to a standstill. The information signal shall be maintained for as long as the cyclist remains within an area bounded by the nearside and offside vehicle planes and the maximum and minimum forward separation planes.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.3.3.
               
               
                  When performing a turning manoeuvre, the MOIS detection strategy may be adjusted. It is not required to adjust the sensors to the steering angle. The detection adjustment strategy shall be explained in the information referred to in paragraph 6.1. The Technical Service shall verify the operation of the system according to the strategy.
               
            
               
                  5.2.2.4.
               
               
                  The information signal shall meet the requirements of paragraph 5.6.
               
            
               
                  5.2.3.
               
               
                  The manufacturer shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Technical Service and Type Approval Authority, through documentation, simulation or other means, that the MOIS is performing as specified for smaller cyclists and bicycles, similar in size to a child cyclist.
               
            
               
                  5.2.4.
               
               
                  The manufacturer shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the Technical Service and Type Approval Authority, through documentation, simulation or other means, that the number of false reactions due to the detection of VRUs and static objects (such as cones, traffic signs, hedges and parked cars) located outside of the boundaries defined in 5.2.2.2 and 5.2.2.3 for the relevant vehicle manoeuvres are minimised.
               
            
               
                  5.3.
               
               
                  Automatic Deactivation
               
            
               
                  5.3.1.
               
               
                  The MOIS shall automatically deactivate if it malfunctions or cannot operate properly due to its sensor devices becoming contaminated by ice, snow, mud, dirt or similar material. The MOIS may also automatically deactivate due to ambient light conditions below that specified in paragraph 5.2.1.
               
            
               
                  5.3.2.
               
               
                  Automatic deactivation shall be indicated by the failure warning signal specified in paragraph 5.8.
               
            
               
                  5.3.3.
               
               
                  The MOIS shall automatically reactivate when the normal function of the sensors is verified. This shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 6.8 (failure detection test) and 6.9. (automatic deactivation test).
               
            
               
                  5.4.
               
               
                  Manual deactivation
               
            
               
                  5.4.1.
               
               
                  It may be possible to manually deactivate the MOIS.
               
            
               
                  5.4.2.
               
               
                  Manual deactivation shall be through a sequence of intentional actions to be carried out by the driver, for example by requiring a single input exceeding a certain threshold of time or a double press, or two separate but simultaneous inputs.
               
            
               
                  5.4.3.
               
               
                  It shall not be possible to manually deactivate any other system at the same time as the MOIS or through the same sequence of actions.
               
            
               
                  5.4.4.
               
               
                  When manually deactivated, it shall be possible for the driver to easily manually reactivate the MOIS.
               
            
               
                  5.4.5.
               
               
                  When manually deactivated, the MOIS shall automatically reactivate when the vehicle master control switch is activated.
               
            
               
                  5.5.
               
               
                  System initialisation
               
            
               
                  5.5.1.
               
               
                  If the MOIS has not been calibrated after a cumulative driving time of 15 seconds above a speed of 0 km/h (including stationary phases), information of this status shall be indicated to the driver. This information shall exist until the system has been successfully calibrated.
               
            
               
                  5.6.
               
               
                  Information signal
               
            
               
                  5.6.1.
               
               
                  The MOIS information signal referred to in paragraph 5.2.2. above shall be an optical information signal that is noticeable and easily verifiable by the driver from the driver’s seat.
               
            
               
                  5.6.2.
               
               
                  This information signal shall be visible by daylight and at night.
               
            
               
                  5.7.
               
               
                  Collision warning signal
               
            
               
                  5.7.1.
               
               
                  The MOIS shall warn the driver when the risk of a collision is imminent by providing the collision warning signal.
               
            
               
                  5.7.2.
               
               
                  The collision warning signal shall be provided by the means of a combination of at least two modes selected from an optical signal, acoustic signal or haptic signal.
                  Where the collision warning signal is provided by using an optical mode, this shall be a signal differing in activation strategy from the information signal specified in paragraphs 5.2.2. and 5.6.
               
            
               
                  5.7.3.
               
               
                  The collision warning signal shall be easily understandable for the driver to relate the warning signal to the potential collision. In case the warning signal is an optical signal this signal shall also be visible by daylight and at night.
               
            
               
                  5.7.4.
               
               
                  The collision warning signal shall be activated according to the manufacturer strategy. The warning strategy shall be explained in the information referred to in paragraph 6.1.
                  The Technical Service shall verify the operation of the system according to the strategy.
               
            
               
                  5.7.5.
               
               
                  The collision warning signal may be deactivated manually. In the case of a manual deactivation, it shall be reactivated on each activation of the vehicle master control switch.
               
            
               
                  5.8.
               
               
                  Failure warning signals
               
            
               
                  5.8.1.
               
               
                  The failure warning signal referred to in paragraph 5.3.2. above shall be a optical signal and shall be other than or clearly distinguishable from the information signal. The failure warning signal shall be visible by daylight and night and shall be easily verifiable by the driver from the driver’s seat.
               
            
               
                  5.8.2.
               
               
                  The failure warning signal shall remain active as long as the MOIS is unavailable.
               
            
               
                  5.8.3.
               
               
                  The MOIS failure warning signal shall be activated with the activation of the vehicle master control switch. This requirement does not apply to collision warning signals shown in a common space to the failure warning signal.
               
            
               
                  5.9.
               
               
                  Provisions for Periodic Technical Inspection
               
            
               
                  5.9.1.
               
               
                  At a Periodic Technical Inspection, it shall be possible to confirm the correct operational status of the MOIS by a visible observation of the failure warning signal status.
                  In case of the failure warning signal being in a common space, the common space must be observed to be functional prior to the failure warning signal status check.
               
            6.   TEST PROCEDURE
      
               
                  6.1.
               
               
                  The manufacturer shall provide a documentation package which gives access to the basic design of the system and, if applicable, the means by which it is linked to other vehicle systems. The function of the system including its sensing and warning strategy shall be explained and the documentation shall describe how the operational status of the system is checked, whether there is an influence on other vehicle systems, and the method(s) used in establishing the situations which will result in a failure warning signal being displayed. The documentation package shall give sufficient information for the Type Approval Authority to identify the vehicle type and to aid decision-making on the selection of worst-case conditions.
               
            
               
                  6.2.
               
               
                  Test conditions
               
            
               
                  6.2.1.
               
               
                  The test shall be performed on a flat, dry asphalt or a concrete surface.
               
            
               
                  6.2.2.
               
               
                  The ambient temperature shall be between 0 °C and 45 °C.
               
            
               
                  6.2.3.
               
               
                  The test shall be performed under visibility conditions that allow the target to be observed throughout the test and that allows safe driving at the required test speeds.
               
            
               
                  6.2.4.
               
               
                  Natural ambient illumination shall be homogeneous in the test area and in excess of 1 000 lux. It should be ensured that testing is not performed whilst driving towards, or away from, the sun at a low angle.
               
            
               
                  6.3.
               
               
                  Vehicle conditions
               
            
               
                  6.3.1.
               
               
                  Test weight
                  The vehicle shall be tested in a condition of load to be agreed between the manufacturer and the Technical Service, with the distribution of mass among the axles stated by the manufacturer. No alteration shall be made once the test procedure has begun. The manufacturer shall demonstrate through the use of documentation that the system works at all conditions of load.
               
            
               
                  6.3.2.
               
               
                  In the case where the MOIS is equipped with a user-adjustable information timing, the tests as specified in paragraphs 6.5., 6.6. and 6.7. below shall be performed for each test case with the information threshold set at the settings that generate the information signal closest to the collision point, i.e. worst-case setting. No alteration shall be made once the test procedure has begun.
               
            
               
                  6.3.3.
               
               
                  Pre-Test Conditioning
               
            
               
                  6.3.3.1.
               
               
                  If requested by the vehicle manufacturer, the subject vehicle may be driven a maximum of 100 km on a mixture of urban and rural roads with other traffic and roadside furniture to initialise the sensor system.
               
            
               
                  6.4.
               
               
                  Verification of signals test
               
            
               
                  6.4.1.
               
               
                  With the vehicle stationary check that the optical failure warning signals comply with the requirements of paragraph 5.6. above.
               
            
               
                  6.5.
               
               
                  Static Crossing Tests
               
            
               
                  6.5.1.
               
               
                  The subject vehicle shall remain in a potential moving off manoeuvre with the MOIS active and the test area marked out as shown in Figure 1 of Appendix 1. The relevant test target (T) shall be manoeuvred such that it moves on a trajectory perpendicular to the longitudinal median plane of the subject vehicle at the test case distance (dTC
                     ) away from the vehicle front and from the relevant crossing direction (c) (Table 1 of Appendix 1). The pedestrian test target reference point shall be the H-point (as defined by ISO 19206-2:2018) nearest the subject vehicle. The cyclist test target reference point shall be at the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the test target centreline located at the most forward point of the bicycle and a plane parallel to the test target centreline located at the test target H-point nearest the subject vehicle (as defined by ISO (CD) 19206-4).
               
            
               
                  6.5.2.
               
               
                  The test target shall be accelerated such that it reaches the test target speed (v) at a distance of no closer than 15 m from the plane relating to the subject vehicle side nearest the crossing direction. The test case speed shall be maintained until the plane relating to the opposite vehicle side is cleared by a distance of no less than 5 m.
               
            
               
                  6.5.3.
               
               
                  In accordance with paragraph 5.2.2.2., the Technical Service shall verify the activation of the MOIS information signal before the test target (T) reaches a distance corresponding to the last point of information (dLPI
                     ) in Table 1 of Appendix 1, and that the MOIS information signal remains on until the test target has at least crossed the separation plane relating to the vehicle side opposite to the crossing direction. The collision warning signal shall not be activated.
               
            
               
                  6.5.4.
               
               
                  The Technical Service shall repeat paragraphs 6.5.1. to 6.5.3. for two test cases from Table 1 of Appendix 1 to this Regulation and for one additional test case selected from the combination of a soft target and the range of VRU speeds, VRU travel directions and detection boundaries defined in paragraph 5.2.2.2.
                  Where deemed justified, the Technical Service may also select additional test cases within the range of the soft targets, VRU speeds, travel directions and detection boundaries defined in paragraph 5.2.2.2.
               
            
               
                  6.6.
               
               
                  Longitudinal Stopping for Moving Off Cyclist Tests
               
            
               
                  6.6.1.
               
               
                  The cyclist test target (T) shall be located within the test area marked out as shown in Figure 2 in Appendix 1. The cyclist test target shall be positioned at the relevant test target starting point (pcyc
                     ) in Table 2 of Appendix 1 and face in the direction of travel and parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the subject vehicle. The cyclist test target reference point shall be at the centre of the bottom bracket of the bicycle and on the centreline of the bicycle. Should there be less than 100 mm clearance between the vehicle front and the rear most point of the cyclist test target, then pcyc
                      may be moved an additional clearance distance (dclear
                     ) away from the vehicle front, in a direction parallel to the longitudinal plane, such that there is 100 + 10/-0 mm clearance between the vehicle front and the rear most point of the cyclist test target.
               
            
               
                  6.6.2.
               
               
                  The subject vehicle shall be accelerated in a straight line to a constant speed of 10 + 0/-0,5 km/h, before entering the stopping corridor. The subject vehicle shall maintain this constant speed until the vehicle front passes the braking plane (pbrake
                     ) shown in Figure 2 of Appendix 1, before braking to a stop such that the vehicle front is positioned at the stopping plane (pstop
                     ). The subject vehicle shall be considered to have stopped when it has come to a rest and the vehicle is either no longer in a forward vehicle mode or forward gear.
               
            
               
                  6.6.3.
               
               
                  After a delay of no less than 10 seconds from the point at which the subject vehicle is considered to have stopped, the test target shall then be accelerated in a straight line on a trajectory parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle to a speed of 10 + 0/-0,5 km/h within a distance of 5 m, before being brought to a stop. While accelerating, the lateral tolerance of the test target motion shall not exceed ± 0,05 m.
               
            
               
                  6.6.4.
               
               
                  In accordance with paragraph 5.2.2.3., the Technical Service shall verify the activation of the MOIS information signal before the subject vehicle reaches a distance from the stopping plane (pstop
                     ) corresponding to the last point of information (dLPI
                     ) in Table 2 of Appendix 1, and the MOIS information signal remains on until the test target at least crosses a distance from the vehicle front relating to the maximum forward separation distance (dFSP) in Figure 2 of Appendix 1. The collision warning signal may be activated, as appropriate.
               
            
               
                  6.6.5.
               
               
                  The Technical Service shall repeat paragraphs 6.6.1. to 6.6.4. for two test cases shown in Table 2 of Appendix 1 to this Regulation and for one additional test case by selecting a cyclist test target and cyclist starting point from within the detection boundaries defined in paragraph 5.2.2.3.
                  Where deemed justified, the Technical Service may also select additional test cases within the range of the cyclist test targets and the detection boundaries defined in paragraph 5.2.2.3.
               
            
               
                  6.7.
               
               
                  Longitudinal Moving Off with Cyclist Tests
               
            
               
                  6.7.1.
               
               
                  The cyclist test target (T) shall be located within the test area marked out as shown in Figure 2 of Appendix 1. The cyclist test target shall be positioned at the relevant test target starting point (pcyc
                     ) in Table 2 of Appendix 1 and face in the direction of travel and parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the subject vehicle. The cyclist test target reference point shall be at the centre of the bottom bracket of the bicycle and on the centreline of the bicycle. Should there be less than 100 mm clearance between the vehicle front and the rear most point of the cyclist test target, then pcyc
                      may be moved an additional clearance distance (dclear
                     ) away from the vehicle front, in a direction parallel to the longitudinal plane, such that there is 100 + 10/-0 mm clearance between the vehicle front and the rear most point of the cyclist test target.
               
            
               
                  6.7.2.
               
               
                  The subject vehicle shall be accelerated in a straight line to a constant speed of 10 + 0/-0,5 km/h, before entering the stopping corridor. The subject vehicle shall maintain a constant speed until the vehicle front passes the braking plane (pbrake
                     ) shown in Figure 2 of Appendix 1, before braking to a stop such that the vehicle front is positioned at the stopping plane (pstop
                     ). The subject vehicle shall be considered to have stopped when it has come to a rest and the vehicle is either no longer in a forward vehicle mode or forward gear.
               
            
               
                  6.7.3.
               
               
                  After a delay of no less than 10 seconds from the point at which the subject vehicle is considered to have stopped, the test target and subject vehicle shall be accelerated at the same time and in a straight line, on a trajectory parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the subject vehicle, to a constant speed of 10 + 0/-0,5 km/h in a distance of no greater than 5 m. The subject vehicle and test target shall maintain this constant speed until a total travel distance of no less than 15 m from the stopping point is traversed by the subject vehicle. The lateral tolerance of the subject vehicle shall not exceed ± 0,05 m, whilst the lateral tolerance of the test target motion shall not exceed ± 0,05 m. The forward separation distance between the vehicle front and test target while moving shall be maintained to be within the boundaries of the maximum and minimum forward separation planes.
               
            
               
                  6.7.4.
               
               
                  In accordance with paragraph 5.2.2.3., the Technical Service shall verify the activation of the MOIS information signal before the subject vehicle reaches a distance from the stopping plane (pstop
                     ) corresponding to the last point of information (dLPI
                     ) in Table 2 of Appendix 1, and that the MOIS information signal remains on until the subject vehicle passes a distance of 15 m from the stopping point. The collision warning signal may be activated, as appropriate.
               
            
               
                  6.7.5.
               
               
                  The Technical Service shall repeat paragraphs 6.7.1. to 6.7.4. for two test cases shown in Table 2 of Appendix 1 to this Regulation and for one additional test case by selecting a cyclist test target and cyclist starting point from within the detection boundaries defined in paragraph 5.2.2.3.
                  Where deemed justified, the Technical Service may also select additional test cases within the range of the cyclist test targets and the detection boundaries defined in paragraph 5.2.2.3.
               
            
               
                  6.8.
               
               
                  Failure detection test
               
            
               
                  6.8.1.
               
               
                  Simulate a MOIS failure, for example by disconnecting the power source to any MOIS component or disconnecting any electrical connection between the MOIS components. The electrical connections for the failure warning signal of paragraph 5.8. above shall not be disconnected when simulating a MOIS failure.
               
            
               
                  6.8.2.
               
               
                  The failure warning signal specified in paragraph 5.8. shall be activated and remain activated while the vehicle is being driven and shall be reactivated upon each activation of the vehicle master control switch, as long as the simulated failure exists.
               
            
               
                  6.9.
               
               
                  Automatic deactivation test
               
            
               
                  6.9.1.
               
               
                  With the MOIS system active, contaminate any of the MOIS sensing devices completely with a substance comparable to snow, ice or mud (e.g. based on water). The MOIS shall automatically deactivate, indicating this condition as specified in paragraph 5.8.
               
            
               
                  6.9.2.
               
               
                  Remove any contamination from the MOIS sensing devices completely and perform a reactivation of the vehicle master control switch. The MOIS shall automatically reactivate after a driving time not exceeding 60 seconds.
               
            7.   MODIFICATION OF VEHICLE TYPE AND EXTENSION OF TYPE APPROVAL
      
               
                  7.1.
               
               
                  Every modification of the vehicle type as defined in paragraph 2.3. of this Regulation shall be notified to the Type Approval Authority which approved the vehicle type. The Type Approval Authority may then either:
               
            
               
                  7.1.1.
               
               
                  Consider that the modifications made do not have an adverse effect on the conditions of the granting of the approval and grant an extension of approval;
               
            
               
                  7.1.2.
               
               
                  Consider that the modifications made affect the conditions of the granting of the approval and require further tests or additional checks before granting an extension of approval.
               
            
               
                  7.2.
               
               
                  Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the alterations, shall be communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.4. above to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation.
               
            
               
                  7.3.
               
               
                  The Type Approval Authority shall inform the other Contracting Parties of the extension by means of the communication form which appears in Annex 1 to this Regulation. It shall assign a serial number to each extension, to be known as the extension number.
               
            8.   CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
      
               
                  8.1.
               
               
                  Procedures for the conformity of production shall conform to the general provisions defined in Article 2 and Schedule 1 to the 1958 Agreement (E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.3) and meet the following requirements:
               
            
               
                  8.2.
               
               
                  A vehicle approved pursuant to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements of paragraph 5. above;
               
            
               
                  8.3.
               
               
                  The Type Approval Authority which has granted the approval may at any time verify the conformity of control methods applicable to each production unit. The normal frequency of such inspections shall be once every two years.
               
            9.   PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
      
               
                  9.1.
               
               
                  The approval granted in respect of a vehicle type pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the requirements laid down in paragraph 8. above are not complied with.
               
            
               
                  9.2.
               
               
                  If a Contracting Party withdraws an approval it had previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation by sending them a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.
               
            10.   PRODUCTION DEFINITIVELY DISCONTINUED
      If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of vehicle approved in accordance with this Regulation, they shall so inform the Type Approval Authority which granted the approval, which in turn shall forthwith inform the other Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.
      11.   NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF THE TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS AND OF TYPE APPROVAL AUTHORITIES
      The Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation shall communicate to the United Nations Secretariat the names and addresses of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the Type Approval Authorities which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval are to be sent.
      
         (1)  See Annex 1 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6 – www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29resolutions.html
      
         (2)  The distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.6 – www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29resolutions.html
   
   
      
         Appendix 1
         
            
         Where the following definitions apply:
         
                     
                        dw
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     vehicle width
                  
               
                     
                        d25 %
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     a distance relating to 25 % of the vehicle width
                  
               
                     
                        dNSP
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance from the nearside vehicle plane to the nearside separation plane, defined as 0,5 m
                  
               
                     
                        dOSP
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance from the offside vehicle plane to the offside separation plane, defined as 0,5 m
                  
               
                     
                        dTC
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the forward separation distance for each test case
                  
               
                     
                        dFSP
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance from the vehicle front to the maximum forward separation plane
                  
               
                     
                        dLPI
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance relating to the last point of information (LPI)
                  
               
            Table 1
         
         
            Test Cases for Static Crossing Tests
         
         
                     
                        Test Case
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Soft Target (T)
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Test Case Distance (dTC)/m
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Crossing Direction (c)
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Soft Target Speed (v)/km/h
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Distance to Last Point of Information (dLPI)/m
                     
                  
               
                     1
                  
                  
                     Child Pedestrian
                  
                  
                     0,8
                  
                  
                     Nearside
                  
                  
                     3
                  
                  
                     dNSP
                     
                  
               
                     2
                  
                  
                     Adult Pedestrian
                  
                  
                     dFSP
                     
                  
                  
                     Nearside
                  
                  
                     3
                  
                  
                     dNSP
                     
                  
               
                     3
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     0,8
                  
                  
                     Offside
                  
                  
                     3
                  
                  
                     dOSP
                     
                  
               
                     4
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     dFSP
                     
                  
                  
                     Nearside
                  
                  
                     5
                  
                  
                     dNSP
                     
                  
               
                     5
                  
                  
                     Adult Pedestrian
                  
                  
                     0,8
                  
                  
                     Offside
                  
                  
                     5
                  
                  
                     dOSP
                     
                  
               
                     6
                  
                  
                     Child Pedestrian
                  
                  
                     dFSP
                     
                  
                  
                     Offside
                  
                  
                     5
                  
                  
                     dOSP
                     
                  
               
            
         Where the following definitions apply:
         
                     
                        d50 %
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance relating to 50 % of the vehicle width
                  
               
                     
                        pbrake
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the vehicle braking plane
                  
               
                     
                        pstop
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the vehicle stopping plane
                  
               
                     
                        dFSP
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance from the vehicle stopping plane to the maximum forward separation plane
                  
               
                     
                        dclear
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the additional clearance distance that the cyclist test target is moved by to ensure at least 100 mm clearance between the vehicle front and the rear most point of the cyclist test target
                  
               
                     
                        pcyc
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the cyclist test target starting point, taken from the cyclist test target reference point
                  
               
                     
                        px
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance between the stopping plane and cyclist test target starting point
                  
               
                     
                        py
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance between the vehicle longitudinal median plane and cyclist test target starting point, with the nearside of the vehicle being the positive direction
                  
               
                     
                        dLPI
                        
                     
                  
                  
                     the distance between the last point of information (LPI) line and the vehicle stopping plane
                  
               
            Table 2
         
         
            Test Cases for Longitudinal Cyclist Tests
         
         
                     
                        Test Case
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Test Target (T)
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Distance to Forward Cyclist Start Point (px)/m
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Distance to Lateral Cyclist Start Point (py)/m
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Distance to Last Point of Information (dLPI)/m
                     
                  
               
                     1
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     0,8 + dclear
                     
                  
                  
                     +d50 %
                     
                  
                  
                     dFSP – 0,8 – dclear
                     
                  
               
                     2
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     0,8 + dclear
                     
                  
                  
                     0,0
                  
                  
                     dFSP – 0,8 – dclear
                     
                  
               
                     3
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     0,8 + dclear
                     
                  
                  
                     -d50 %
                     
                  
                  
                     dFSP – 0,8 – dclear
                     
                  
               
                     4
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     dFSP – 0,1
                  
                  
                     +d50 %
                     
                  
                  
                     0,1
                  
               
                     5
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     dFSP – 0,1
                  
                  
                     0,0
                  
                  
                     0,1
                  
               
                     6
                  
                  
                     Adult Cyclist
                  
                  
                     dFSP – 0,1
                  
                  
                     -d50 %
                     
                  
                  
                     0,1
                  
               
   
   
      
         ANNEX 1
         Communication
         (Maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm)
         
                     
                        
                      (1)
                  
                  
                     issued by:
                  
                  
                     Name of administration:
                     …
                     …
                     …
                  
               
            
         
                     Concerning (2):
                  
                  
                     Approval granted
                  
               
                      
                  
                  
                     Approval extended
                  
               
                      
                  
                  
                     Approval withdrawn
                  
               
                      
                  
                  
                     Approval refused
                  
               
                      
                  
                  
                     Production definitively discontinued
                  
               of a type of vehicle with regard to the Moving Off Information System (MOIS) pursuant to UN Regulation No 159
         Approval No:…
         
                     1.
                  
                  
                     Trademark:…
                  
               
                     2.
                  
                  
                     Type and trade name(s):…
                  
               
                     3.
                  
                  
                     Name and address of manufacturer:…
                  
               
                     4.
                  
                  
                     If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s representative:…
                  
               
                     5.
                  
                  
                     Brief description of vehicle:…
                  
               
                     6.
                  
                  
                     Date of submission of vehicle for approval:…
                  
               
                     7.
                  
                  
                     Technical Service performing the approval tests:…
                  
               
                     8.
                  
                  
                     Date of report issued by that Service:…
                  
               
                     9.
                  
                  
                     Number of report issued by that Service:…
                  
               
                     10.
                  
                  
                     Reason(s) for extension (if applicable):…
                  
               
                     11.
                  
                  
                     Approval with regard to the MOIS is granted/refused2:…
                  
               
                     12.
                  
                  
                     Place:…
                  
               
                     13.
                  
                  
                     Date:…
                  
               
                     14.
                  
                  
                     Signature:…
                  
               
                     15.
                  
                  
                     Annexed to this communication are the following documents, bearing the approval number indicated above:…
                  
               
                     16.
                  
                  
                     Any remarks:…
                  
               
            (1)  Distinguishing number of the country which has granted/extended/refused/withdrawn an approval (see approval provisions in this Regulation).
         
            (2)  Strike out what does not apply.
      
   
   
      
         ANNEX 2
         Arrangements of approval marks
         (see paragraphs 4.5. to 4.5.2. of this Regulation)
         
            
         a = 8 mm min
         The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has been approved in Belgium (E 6) with regard to the Moving Off Information System (MOIS) pursuant to UN Regulation No 159. The first two digits of the approval number indicate that the approval was granted in accordance with the requirements of UN Regulation No 159 in its original form.
         
            
         a ≥ 8 mm
         The above Unique Identifier shows that the type concerned has been approved and that the relevant information on that type-approval can be accessed on the UN secure internet database by using 270650 as Unique Identifier. Any leading zeroes in the Unique Identifier may be omitted in the approval marking.
      
   
   
      
         ANNEX 3
         Test method for determining blind spot boundary
         1.   BLIND SPOT BOUNDARY
         The blind spot boundary defined in paragraph 2.22. of this Regulation can be determined through the approach described in this annex.
         2.   TEST METHODS
         
                  
                     2.1.
                  
                  
                     The test object shall be a circular cylinder that is 50 ± 2 mm in external diameter, with a 10 ± 2 mm high ring, contrasting in colour from the rest of the test object, located such that its lowest edge is 900 ± 2 mm from the base of the test object.
                  
               
                  
                     2.2.
                  
                  
                     The test conditions shall be as defined in paragraphs 6.2. of this Regulation
                  
               
                  
                     2.3.
                  
                  
                     The vehicle conditions shall be as defined in paragraphs 6.3. of this Regulation
                  
               
                  
                     2.4.
                  
                  
                     The test area shall be marked out as shown in Figure 1 of this annex.
                     
                        
                     Where the following definitions apply:
                     
                                 
                                    dw
                                    
                                 
                              
                              
                                 vehicle width
                              
                           
                                 
                                    dNSP
                                    
                                 
                              
                              
                                 the distance from the nearside vehicle plane to the nearside separation plane, defined as 0,5 m
                              
                           
                                 
                                    dOSP
                                    
                                 
                              
                              
                                 the distance from the offside vehicle plane to the offside separation plane, defined as 0,5 m
                              
                           
                                 
                                    dFSP
                                    
                                 
                              
                              
                                 the distance from the vehicle front to the maximum forward separation plane
                              
                           
               
                  
                     2.5.
                  
                  
                     The ocular reference point shall be as defined in paragraph 2.11. of this Regulation.
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.
                  
                  
                     Test procedure
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.1.
                  
                  
                     Locate a 35 mm or larger format still camera, video camera, or digital equivalent such that the centre of the camera image plane is located at the ocular reference point.
                     The camera shall be capable of viewing the test object in all potential test positions. Should the camera require repositioning to view all potential test positions, it shall be verified that the centre of the camera image plane for all possible camera positions is located at the ocular reference point.
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.2.
                  
                  
                     The visibility of the entire ring of the test object from the ocular reference point shall be recorded for test object positions located within the area bounded by the minimum and maximum forward separation planes and the nearside and offside separation planes.
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.3.
                  
                  
                     Starting from the minimum forward separation plane, move the test object away from the vehicle front on an assessment plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle until the maximum forward separation plane is met.
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.4.
                  
                  
                     The visibility of the test object ring shall be recorded at intervals of no greater than 150 mm in distance along the assessment plane.
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.5.
                  
                  
                     This process shall be repeated for assessment planes between the nearside and offside separation planes, with distances of no greater than 150 mm between each assessment plane.
                  
               
                  
                     2.6.6.
                  
                  
                     Approaches other than the above methods, such as CAD based or LASER based procedures, may be considered as equivalent by the Technical Service, should documentary evidence be provided to verify that the requirements of the test procedures described in this annex have been met.
                  
               3.   BLIND SPOT BOUNDARY DEFINITION
         
                  
                     3.1.
                  
                  
                     The blind spot area shall be determined by all test object positions where the entire ring of the test object is not visible from the ocular reference point.
                  
               
                  
                     3.2.
                  
                  
                     The blind spot boundary shall be determined at the first position outside of the blind spot area where the entire ring of the test object is visible from the ocular reference point.