CELEX: 51979PC0229
Language: en
Date: 1979-05-04
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ( EEC ) ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES RELATING TO POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

2. 7. 79                              Official Journal of the European Communities                             No C 165/1
                                                             II
                                                    (Preparatory Acts)
                                                COMMISSION
              Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
                                          relating to powered industrial trucks
                           (Submitted by the Commission to the Council on 11 May 1979)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                         Whereas the technical provisions contained in Annex I
                                                                 do not preclude Community or national measures
                                                                 concerning other safety aspects of these industrial trucks
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European            such as electrical safety (Council Directive 73/23/EEC
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100                of 19 February 197"? relating to electrical equipment
thereof,                                                         designed for use between certain voltage limits (-)),
                                                                 exhaust and noise;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard      to  the  opinion    of  the   European        Whereas in the interests of greater safety it appears
Parliament,                                                      advisable to introduce provisions relating to pedal
                                                                 arrangement and fuel tank; whereas a transitional
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and                 period is justified in order to enable manufacturers to
Social Committee,                                                adapt their products to these new provisions;
Whereas in each Member State the design and                     Whereas         technical  progress   necessitates    rapid
construction of powered industrial trucks are subject to         adaptation of the technical requirements; whereas the
safety provisions which differ from one Member State            procedure laid down in Article 22 of Directive
to another and consequently hinder trade in these                7 8 / . . ./EEC should therefore be adopted for such
appliances; whereas it is therefore necessary to                 adaptations of this Directive;
approximate these provisions;
                                                                 Whereas the institution of examination and testing
Whereas Council Directive 7 8 / . . ./EEC of . . . on the        methods is an implementing measure of a technical
approximation of the laws of the Member States                   nature; whereas it is appropriate that this be
relating to common provisions for lifting and                    adopted by the Commission in accordance with the
mechanical handling appliances (1) laid down a series of         same procedure;
common procedures, such as EEC type-approval, EEC
type-examination and EEC independent certification,
for the placing on the market of these lifting and
mechanical handling appliances; whereas, in the case of         HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
powered industrial trucks and in accordance with the
usual practice in the Member States, EEC independent
certification should be provided for;                                                     Article 1
Whereas this Directive is a separate Directive within the       1. This Directive shall apply to powered industrial
meaning of Article 2 (2) of Directive 78/ . . ./EEC;            trucks.
(!) O J N o L                                                   (2) OJ No L 77, 26. 3. 1973, p. 29.
 ---pagebreak---  N o C 165/2                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                   2. 7. 79
2. This Directive does not cover:                                             operate on unprepared ground, equipped with a
                                                                              load-carrying device that slides vertically on a
(a) tipper vehicles (known as dumpers) or motor-driven                        fixed or tilting mast and having a substantial
    barrows, operating on building and construction                           ground clearance.
    sites;
                                                                  3. 'EEC truck' means any powered industrial truck
(b) road tractors, lorries, forestry and agricultural
                                                                  which satisfies the requirements of this Directive.
     tractors, construction plant and trucks used in
     underground mining operations;
(c) mobile elevating equipment for construction sites                                         Article 3
    which does not conform to the definition set out in
    Article 2 (1);                                                1. EEC trucks shall be eligible for EEC independent
                                                                  certification in accordance with Article 2 of Directive
(d) stacking appliances which move only inside guides             7 8 / . . ./EEC.
     and are known as 'rack feeders';
                                                                  2. In order to be eligible for the said EEC independent
(e) powered industrial trucks of a capacity exceeding
                                                                  certification, EEC trucks must comply with the
    10 000 kilograms;
                                                                  requirements laid down in Annex I hereto, such
                                                                  compliance being certified by the manufacturer by
(f)    straddle carriers;
                                                                  means of a certificate of conformity, a model of which
                                                                  is shown in Annex II, and by the affixing of the mark of
(g) driverless tractors and trucks.                               conformity in accordance with the conditions set out in
                                                                  Annex III.
                            Article 2
                                                                                              Article 4
1. For the purpose of this Directive, 'powered industrial
truck' means any wheeled vehicle, other than those                N o Member State may, on grounds relating to the
running on rails, that is designed to carry, tow, push,           requirements laid down in this Directive, refuse,
lift or stack any kind of load and is controlled by an            prohibit or restrict the placing on the market and the
operator who either walks with the truck or rides on a            entry into service of EEC trucks which meet the
specially arranged driving platform which is either               requirements laid down in Annex I. Where such trucks
unmovably fixed to the chassis or can be raised.                  are accompanied by a certificate of conformity and bear
                                                                  the mark of conformity referred to in Article 3
                                                                  indicating that they comply with the requirements of
2. Powered industrial trucks covered by this Directive
                                                                  this Directive, it shall be presumed that they so comply.
comprise the following three categories:
(a) Non-elevating     platform trucks
     Trucks that carry their load on a fixed platform or                                      Article 5
     some other elevating attachment.
                                                                  Member States shall take all necessary measures to
(b) Tractors and pusher trucks                                    ensure that manufacturers or importers issue a
                                                                  certificate of conformity only when the powered
      Industrial trucks fitted with a towing or pushing
                                                                  industrial trucks referred to in Article 1 satisfy the
      device and specially designed to tow or push
                                                                  requirements of this Directive.
     vehicles travelling on the ground (e.g. trailers,
      aircraft, etc.) or on rails (wagons).
(c) Elevating trucks                                                                          Article 6
     — low-lift or high-lift trucks, whether or not
           counterbalanced and with the operator's                 1. Amendments that are necessary in order to adjust
           position either fixed or rising with the load,         Annex I to technical progress shall be adopted in
           whether or not stacking in a particular                accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 22
           direction, that travel freely on prepared or           of Directive 7 8 / . . ./EEC.
           unprepared ground or between guides which do
           not increase the truck's stability, and whether
           fitted with forks or any other attachment,             2. Test and examination methods that are necessary in
                                                                  order to check the compliance of a powered industrial
     — rough-terrain fork trucks for loading, lifting,            truck with the requirements of this Directive shall
           carrying and stacking, specially designed to           likewise be adopted in accordance with this procedure.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                            Official Journal of the European Communities                             N o C 165/3
                       Article 7                              2. As soon as this Directive has been notified, Member
                                                              States shall also ensure that the Commission is
1. Member States shall bring into force the laws,             informed, in sufficient time for it to submit its
regulations and administrative provisions necessary in        comments, of any draft laws, regulations or
order to comply with this Directive within 18 months           administrative provisions which they intend to adopt in
following its notification. However, they shall bring         the field covered by this Directive.
into force the provisions necessary in order to comply
with 10.5.1.2 and 10.7.1.2.2 of Annex I on 1 January                                  Article 8
1985. They shall forthwith inform the Commission
thereof.                                                      This Directive is addressed to the M e m b e r States.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 165/4                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                        2. 7. 79
                                                      ANNEX      I
                    TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
            1.          SCOPE
                       The scope covers all powered industrial trucks up to and including 10 000 kg
                        capacity.
                        Excluded are:
                        (a) tipper vehicles, known as dumpers, or motor-driven barrows operating on
                            building and construction sites;
                        (b) road tractors, lorries, forestry and agricultural tractors, construction plant and
                            trucks used in underground mining operations;
                        (c) mobile elevating equipment for construction sites which does not conform to the
                            definition set out in the Directive;
                        (d) stacking appliances which move only inside guides and are known as 'rack
                            feeders';
                        (e) any powered industrial trucks of a capacity exceeding 10 000 kg;
                        (f) straddle carriers;
                        (g) driverless tractors and trucks.
           2.           CLASSIFICATION OF TRUCKS BY M O D E OF ACTION
           2.1.         Platform truck
                       Truck carrying its load on a non-elevating platform or attachment.
           2.2.        Industrial tractor
                       Industrial truck, travelling on the ground, fitted with coupling means, and specially
                        designed to draw vehicles travelling on the ground.
           2.3.        Shunting tractor
                       Tractor which being fitted at the front end and/or rear with a buffer plate can also
                       push vehicles travelling on the ground or on railway track.
           2.4.        Lift truck
                       Industrial truck which is capable of raising, lowering and transporting loads.
           2.4.1.      Stacking lift truck
                       Truck fitted with a platform, a fork, or other load-handling devices, able to raise a
                       load, either palletized or not, up to sufficient lift height to allow stacking or tiering in
                       racks.
           2.4.1.1.    Counterbalanced lift truck
                       Stacking lift truck fitted with a fork on which the load either palletized or not, is put
                       in a cantilever position in relation with the front wheels and balanced by the mass of
                       the truck.
           2.4.1.2.    Reach truck with retractable mast or fork carriage
                       Stacking lift truck with outriggers where the load can be placed in a cantilever
                       position by extending the mast or the fork carriage.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                     N o C 165/5
                   Straddle truck
                   Stacking lift truck with outriggers, fitted with a fork located between the outriggers
                   and where the centre of gravity of the load is always within the stability polygon.
         2.4.1.4.  Pallet stacker
                    Stacking lift truck where the fork arms extend over the frame structure.
         2.4.1.5.   High-lift platform truck
                    Stacking lift truck with a load platform extending over the frame structure.
         2.4.1.6.  Truck with elevated operator
                    Stacking lift truck, fitted with an operating position which can be raised with the
                    load carrying means (platform or fork) for stacking and retrieving loads in racks.
         2.4.1.7.   Side-loading truck
                    Fork truck the retractable mast of which is located between the axles and
                    perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the truck, allowing it to take and raise a
                    load in a counterbalanced position in relation to one side of the truck and to place it
                    on the integral load platform.
         2.4.1.8.  Rough-terrain fork truck
                   Machine specially designed to load, lift, carry and stack materials and to operate on
                   unprepared ground (large wheels, large ground clearance, special drive unit) fitted
                   with a load-carrying device sliding vertically on a fixed or tilting mast.
         2.4.1.9.  Lateral-stacking truck
                   High-lift stacking truck capable of stacking and retrieving loads to one or both sides
                   of the direction of travel.
         2.4.1.10. Lateral- and front-stacking truck
                   High-lift stacking truck capable of stacking and retrieving loads along and to one or
                   both sides of the direction of travel.
         2.4.1.11  Straddle carriers
                    Lift truck, where the frame and lift unit straddle the load to raise it, move it, and
                    stack it.
         2.4.2.    Low-lift, non-stacking    lift truck
                   Powered truck fitted with a platform, fork or other load-handling equipment and
                   able to raise its load to a height just sufficient to allow its transportation.
         2.4.2.1.  Pallet truck
                   Non-stacking lift truck, fitted with a fork for the handling of pallets.
         2.4.2.2.  Platform floor truck
                   Non-stacking lift truck fitted with a platform or a chassis for the handling of skids.
         2.4.2.3.  Straddle carriers
                   Lift truck, where the frame and lift unit straddle the load to raise it and move it.
                                                                             I
                   High- and medium-lift     order-picking trucks
                   A truck with an elevatable platform for an operator and a device to accommodate the
                   aggregated load (normally fork arms to accept a pallet or stillage) to facilitate picking
                   (and occasional replacing) from stored goods.
                   'Medium-lift' designates trucks able to elevate the operator platform not more than
                   2-5 m.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 165/6                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                                           2. 7. 79
           3.                       CLASSIFICATION O N TRUCKS BY M O D E OF C O N T R O L
           3.1.                     Rider-controlled
           3.1.1.                   Sit-on: non-elevable operator:
                                    — facing forward,
                                    — other than facing forward.
           3.1.2.                   Sit-on: elevable operator:
                                    — facing forward,
                                    — other than facing forward.
           3.1.3.                   Stand-on: non-elevable operator:
                                    — facing forward,
                                    — other than facing forward.
           3.1.4.                   Stand-on: elevable operator:
                                    — facing forward,
                                    — other than facing forward.
           3.2.                     Pedestrian-controlled (*)
           3.3.                     Driverless
           3.3.1.                   Imposed steering.
           3.3.2.                   Remote-controlled.
           4.                       CLASSIFICATION OF TRUCKS BY HEIGHT OF LIFT
           4.1.                     Non-lifting (including platform trucks, industrial tractors and shunting tractors (see
                                    2.1, 2.2 and 2.3))
           4.2.                     Low-lift (non-stacking trucks (see 2.4.2))
           4.3.                     High-lift trucks
           4.3.1.                   Stacking trucks (see 2.4.1).
           4.3.2.                   Non-stacking (see 2.4.3).
           5.                       CLASSIFICATION OF TRUCKS BY M O D E OF TRAVELLING
           5.1.                     Free-travel truck
           5.1.1.                   Uni-directional    truck
                                    Truck able to move in either direction on a line parallel with its longitudinal axis.
           (') Some of these trucks may, on occasion, be adapted to carry the driver and as such are covered by the provisions laid down for trucks
               in the category of those under 3.1.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                     N o C 165/7
          5.1.2.  Bi-directional truck
                  Truck able to move in either direction on a line, parallel with its longitudinal axis, or
                  perpendicular to this axis.
          5.1.3.  Multi-directional  truck
                  Truck able to move in any direction relative to its longitudinal axis.
          5.2.    Guided-travel truck
                  Truck fitted with special equipment, able to move only in a path defined by external
                  fixed means.
          5.3.    Dual-purpose, free- or guided-travel truck
                  A free-travel truck equipped for optional guided-travel operation.
          6.      CLASSIFICATION OF TRUCKS BY POWER SOURCE
          6.1.    Internal combustion
          6.1.1.  Petrol.
          6.1.2.  Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
          6.1.3.  LPG/petrol.
          6.1.4.  Diesel.
          6.2.    Electric
          6.2.1. With storage battery.
          6.2.2. ICE/electric.
          6.2.3. Electric, by an independent power source.
         7.      CLASSIFICATION OF TRUCKS BY TYPES OF WHEEL
         7.1.    Wheels with pneumatic tyres.
         7.2.    Wheels with pneumatic shaped solid tyres.
         7.3.    Wheels with solid tyres.
         7.4.    Solid wheels.
         8.      DEFINITION OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF TRUCKS
         8.1.    Basic components of trucks
         8.1.1.  Chassis and associated components
 ---pagebreak--- No C 165/8                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                      2. 7. 79
           8.1.1.1.     Chassis
                        M a i n frame structure, bearing the various units of the truck (i.e. engine, transmission,
                        lifting gear, etc.).
           8.1.1.2.     Counterweights
                        A counterbalancing mass fixed to the chassis of a counterbalanced truck at the end
                        opposite to the load-bearing means.
           8.1.1.3.     Ballast containers
                        Containers which, when filled with ballast, act as counterweights.
           8.1.1.4.     Additional ballast
                        Additional ballast fitted to the chassis of a lift truck and intended to maintain the
                        original stability.
           8.1.1.5.     Bodywork
                        Protective or styling panels fitted to the chassis.
           8.1.1.6.     Driving position
                        Place for the operator and the driving controls of the truck and, where appropriate,
                        load-handling controls.
           8.1.1.7.     Stabilizers
                        Movable components generally in pairs, normally actuated by hydraulic or
                        mechanical means, for ensuring or increasing the stability of the truck during
                        load-handling operations (8.1.4.1.5).
           8.1.2.       Axles
           8.1.2.1.     Drive (including differential).
           8.1.2.2.     Steer.
           8.1.2.3.     Drive-steer.
           8.1.2.4.     Load.
           8.1.3.       Driving and steering unit '
                         Driving unit rotating on the vertical axis, fitted with a single or dual wheel, used for
                        driving and steering the truck.
           8.1.4.       Wheels
           8.1.4.1.     Function of wheels.
           8.1.4.1.1.   Drive wheel.
           8.1.4.1.2.   Steer wheel.
           8.1.4.1.3.   Steer and drive wheel.
           8.1.4.1.4.   Load wheel.
           8.1.4.1.5.   Stabilizer wheels.
                        Auxiliary wheels or castors, solidly or resiliency mounted to the chassis of an
                        industrial truck, usually in pairs, to assist in maintaining stability when the truck is
                        subjected to disturbing forces.
           8.1.4.2.     Arrangement of wheels.
           8.1.4,2.1.   N u m b e r of wheels at any mounting.
           8.1.4.2.1.1. Single (one).
           8.1.4.2.1.2. Twin (two).
           8.1.4.2.1.3. Multiple (more than two).
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                 N o C 165/9
         .1.4.2.2.   Mounting of wheels.
         .1.4.2.2.1. Counterlever mounting.
         .1.4.2.2.2. Fork mounting.
         .1.4.3.     Construction of wheels.
         .1.4.3.1.   Wheel made from only one material (monobloc, e.g. metal, plastic, rubber).
         .1.4.3.2.   Bonded tyred wheel.
         .1.4.3.3.   Pressed-on tyred wheel.
         .1.4.3.4.   Split rim for removable solid tyres (flat based).
         .1.4.3.5.   Split rim for removable solid tyres (conical based).
         .1.4.3.6.   Wheels for pneumatic or pneumatic-shaped solid tyres.
         .1.4.4.     Suspension mountings.
         .1.4.4.1.   Articulated.
         .1.4.4.2.   Spring-loaded.
         .1.4.4.3.
         .1.4.4.4.   Tandem.
         .1.5.       Prime mover
         .1.5.1.     Electri c motor.
         .1.5.2.     Internal combustion engine.
         .1.5.2.1.   Petrol.
         .1.5.2.2.   Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
         .1.5.2.3.   Petrol/LPG.
         .1.5.2.4.   Diesel.
         .1.6.       Transmission   systems (from prime mover)
         .1.6.1.     Hydraulic.
         .1.6.1.1.   Hydrokinetic
                     A system in which the prime mover torque is transmitted by an hydraulic impeller
                     and turbine.
         .1.6.1.2.   Hydrostatic
                     A system in which torque from the power unit is transmitted by means of a positive
                     displacement hydraulic pump and motor.
         .1.6.2.     Mechanical
                     A system in which the prime mover torque is transmitted by means of a friction
                     clutch and gear (chain, belt) system or directly through a gear (chain, belt) system.
         .1.6.3.     Electric
                     A system in which the prime mover torque is transmitted by means of an electrical
                     generator and motor.
         .1.7.       Electrical equipment
         .1.7.1.     Electric trucks.
         .1.7.1.1.   Traction battery.
         .1.7.1.2.   Charging set (built in or not).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 165/10                     Official Journal of the European Communities                               2. 7. 79
          8.1.7.1.3.    Control devices, controllers, contactors, resistances, electronic control systems.
          8.1.7.1.4.    Accessories (connectors, wires, etc.).
          8.1.7.2.      Engine-powered trucks.
          8.1.7.2.1.    Starter battery.
          8.1.7.2.2.    Charging equipment (dynamo, alternator).
           8.1.7.2.3.   Starter motor.
           8.1.7.3.     Ancillary electrical equipment.
           8.1.7.3.1.   Lighting.
           8.1.7.3.1.1. Driving lights (regulation lights).
           8.1.7.3.1.2. Working lights.
           8.1.7.3.2.   Recording (ampere hour, time-recorder) and indicating (fuel, temperature, etc.).
           8.I.;        Supply system for IC engine
           8.Uu .       Petrol.
           8.1.?i.I.I.  Carburettor.
           8.1.;J.2.    Supply system for LPG.
           8.1.;;.2.i.  Removable container.
           8.1.;;.2.2.  Fixed container with filling valve.
           8.1.;;.2.s.  Pressure reducer.
           8.1.;3.2.4.  Gas-air mixer (vaporizer).
           8.1.;3.2.5.  Valve.
           8.1.;1.2.6.  Safety-valve.
           8.1.;1.2.7.  Piping.
           8.1.13.3.    Diesel.
           8.1.13.3.1.  Fuel injection.
            .1.9.       Steering system
            .1.9.1.     Manual.
            .1.9.1.1.   Automotive type wheel.
            .1.9.1.2.   Steering by lever.
            .1.9.1.3.   Steering by tiller.
            .1.9.1.4.   Steering by oscillating platform.
            .1.9.2.     Power assisted.
            .1.9.2.1.   Hydraulic.
            .1.9.2.2.   Pneumatic.
            .1.9.2.3.   Electric.
            .1.9.3.     Power steering.
            .1.10.      Braking system
            .1.10.1.    Types of brakes.
            .1.10.1.1.  Service brakes.
            .1.10.1.2.  Parking brakes.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                  N o C 165/11
         8.1.10.2.       Types of control.
         8.1.10.2.1.     Mechanical.
         8.1.10.2.2.     Hydraulic.
         8.1.10.2.3.     Electric.
         8.1.10.2.4.     Pneumatic.
         8.1.10.2.5.     Power-assisted.
         8.1.11.         Load-bearing attachments
         8.1.11.1.       Fork arms.
         8.1.11.1.1.     Fork arms hook-mounted.
         8.1.11.1.2.     Fork arms shaft-mounted.
         8.1.11.1.3.     Fork arms bolted.
         8.1.11.1.4.     Fork-arm extension.
         8.1.11.2.       Load platform.
         8.1.11.2.1.     Fixed.
         8.1.11.2.2.     Lifting.
         8.1.11.2.3.     Tipping body.
         8.1.11.3.       Other attachments.
         8.1.11.3.1.     Types of attachments.
         8.1.11.3.1.1.   Fixed — in relation to the fork carrier (crane-arm, boom, etc.) or in relation to the
                         chassis (container, tank, etc.).
         8.1.11.3.1.2.   Load-bearing attachment or part movable in relation to fork carrier (fork truck) or in
                         relation to chassis (other trucks).
         8.1.11.3.1.2.1. Mechanical (drop-bottom container or scoop).
         8.1.11.3.1.2.2. Hydraulic (clamp attachment, side-shift, rotating head, etc.).
         8.1.11.3.1.2.3. Pneumatic (vacuum, etc.).
         8.1.11.3.1.2.4. Electric (electro-magnet).
         8.1.11.3.2.     Modes of action of equipment.
         8.1.11.3.2.1.   Simple clamping device for engaging the load (e.g. stabilizer, squeeze, clamp,
                         attachment).
         8.1.11.3.2.2.   Simple equipment for engaging and imparting movement to the load (e.g. side-shift,
                         push-pull, rotating head).
         8.1.11.3.2.3.   Multiple equipment (e.g. rotating clamp).
         8.1.12.         Components     associated with movements  of the load (excluding travel)
         8.1.12.1.       Common components.
         8.1.12.1.1.     Motor or engine.
         8.1.12.1.2.     Pump, control-valve, piping and accessories.
         8.1.12.2.       Lifting assembly (or mast) composed of:
                         — a fixed upright in which the fork-arm carriage or one or several moving uprights
                             slide, and
                         — one or more lifting-jacks lifting either through chains or wire ropes or directly on
                             the fork-arm carriage (or load platform) and the moving upright(s).
         8.1.12.2.1.     Upright(s) (fixed or moving)
                         Frame structure composed of structural sections generally in pairs and linked by
                         cross-members.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/12                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                 2. 7. 79
            8.1.12.2.2.   Lifting jack(s)
                          Simple lifting jack: jack with single rams used for the elevation of the load.
                          Compound lifting jack: jack having several concentric rams elevating one after the
                          other or simultaneously.
            8.1.12.2.3.   Other lifting mechanisms (e.g. winches, screws).
            8.1.12.2.4.   Lifting chains
                          Roller chains; leaf chains.
            8.1.12.2.4.1. Lifting cables.
            8.1.12.2.5.   Fork-arm carriage
                          Component sliding along a mast and bearing the load-carrying means.
            8.1.12.3.     Other components.
            8.1.12.3.1.   Tilting system (e.g. tilting-jack(s)).
            8.1.12.3.2.   Reach system.
            8.1.12.3.3.   Lifting systems other than masts (e.g. cranes)
                          Linkage-lift mechanism; lifting mechanisms for low-lift trucks.
            8.1.12.4.     Mast (classification by arrangement of uprights).
            8.1.12.4.1.   Non-telescopic mast (simple mast)
                          Mast composed only of a fixed upright.
            8.1.12.4.2.   Telescopic mast
                          Mast having one fixed upright and one or more moving uprights.
            8.1.12.4.2.1. Double mast (simple telescopic mast)
                          Mast having one fixed upright and one moving upright.
            8.1.12.4.2.2. Triple mast
                          Mast having one fixed upright and two moving uprights.
            8.1.12.4.2.3. Quadruple mast
                          Mast having one fixed upright and three moving uprights.
            8.2.          Truck data
            8.2.1.        Unladen service mass
                          Mass of complete truck with its accessories and ready for use, i.e.:
                          — filled fuel tank for ICE trucks,
                          — traction battery for electric-storage battery trucks.
                          The truck being unladen and without driver.
            8.2.2.        Shipping weight mass
                          Mass of truck with its accessories and ready for use but with no source of energy on
                          the truck (i.e. without fuel or traction battery.
                          The truck being unladen and without driver.
                          Note:
                           The words 'without fuel' should be understood as follows:
                           — for petrol, diesel or LPG trucks with a permanently installed container: with the
                               empty container,
                           — for LPG trucks with removable container: without container.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                             N o C 165/13
         8.2.3.                    Mass of traction battery unit
                                   Mass of the battery unit (i.e. battery, container and ballast if any).
         8.2.4.                    Load per axle (front, rear) of the truck in working order, unladen.
         8.2.5.                    Load per axle (front, rear) of the truck in working order, with rated load.
         8.2.6.                    Load per wheel (front, rear) of the truck in working order, unladen.
         8.2.7.                    Load per wheel (front, rear) of the truck in working order, with its rated load.
         8.2.8.                    Track.
         8.2.9.                    Wheel base.
         8.2.10.                   Rated capacity (see Chapter 9).
         8.2.11.                   Load centre distance (1).
         8.2.12.                   Overall dimensions f1)
                                   Height (over mast, closed; over mast extended; over cab or overhead guard .
                                   Length without fork arms (').
                                   Width (!).
         8.2.13.                   Free lift height (x).
         8.2.14.                   Maximum lift height at rated load (*).
         8.2.15.                   Maximum lift height (]).
         8.2.16.                   Overhang (front, rear, lateral).
         8.2.17.                   Ground clearance under mast.
         8.2.18.                   Ground clearance at centre of wheel base.
         8.2.19.                   Ramp angles in relation to the horizontal plane
                                   (a) Approach angle (maximum).
                                   (b) Departure angle (maximum).
                                   (c) Traverse angle (minimum).
                                   (See sketch below.)
           / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / //////jV.        v/////;///////////                  //////////////////
         (') Sec'Dimensional characteristics' on page 14.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/14                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                    2. 7. 79
                                               DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
A1 Height over mast, closed                                       O  Forward overhang
A2 Height over mast, extended                                     PI Ground clearance under mast
B  Height over cab or overhead guard                              P2 Ground clearance at centre of wheel base
C  Overall width                                                  S  Outside turning radius
D  Length, without forks                                          T  Inside turning radius
E  Length of fork                                                 U  Width of theoretical minimum intersecting aisles
F  Distance from centre of gravity of the load                    V  Width of theoretical minimum aisle for right-angle stacking
G  Centre of gravity of the load                                  W  Free lift height
J  Forward tilt (in degrees)                                         W 1 Total free lift
K  Backward tilt (in degrees)                                        W2 Reduced free lift
L  Front track '                                                  X Maximum lift height at rated load
M  Rear track                                                     Y Maximum lift height
N  Wheelbase
  A2
                               I
                               I
         W1
                           " O—Q-
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                 N o C 165/15
         8.2.20.                          Outside turning radius minimum (*).
         8.2.21.                          Width of theoretical minimum intersecting aisle (*) (laden and unladen).
         8.2.22.                          Width of theoretical minimum aisle for right-angle stacking (1).
         8.2.23.                          Drawbar pull.
         8.2.24.                          Maximum negotiable gradient on which the truck can start moving either laden or
                                          unladen.
         8.3.                             Specific operating terms
         8.3.1.                           Engaging the load.
         8.3.2.                           Disengaging the load.
         8.3.3.                           Lifting the load.
         8.3.4.                           Lowering the load.
         8.3.5.                           Stacking and unstacking
                                          Stacking: handling consisting of lifting a load, and placing it on a stack composed of
                                           similar loads.
                                          Unstacking: handling consisting of removing a load from the topmost position in a
                                           stack, and lowering.
         8.3.6.                           Tiering and untiering
                                           Tiering: handling consisting of lifting a load and placing it on a rack or shelf in a
                                           storage system.
                                          Untiering: handling consisting of lifting a load from a rack or shelf and lowering.
         8.3.7.                           Tilting the mast (or fork) forward/backward.
         8.3.8.                            Extension or retraction of the mast or fork (forward/lateral).
         8.3.9.                           Travelling.
         8.3.10.                          Inching
                                          Small movements of a truck, operated at reduced speed (not more than 2-5 km/h) to
                                           enable a load to be positioned precisely during a handling operation (e.g. stacking).
         8.3.11.                          Towing.
         8.3.12.                           Coupling/uncoupling.
         8.3.13.                          Rotating — attachments.
         8.3.14.                          Pivoting (mast or attachments)
                                          Rotation of the entire lifting assembly or of a single load-carrying unit about a
                                          vertical axis, to allow lateral changes to be made from the frontal position or vice
                                          versa.
         8.3.15.                          Load push/load pull.
         8.3.16.                          Side-shifting.
         (') See ' D i m e n s i o n a l characteristics' on page 14.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/16                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                   2. 7. 79
            3.3.17.     Spreading the fork arms.
            3.3.18.     Rotating fork arms.
            3.3.19.     Clamping/ unclamping.
            3.3.20.     Load stabilization.
            3.3.21.     Scooping/ emptying.
            3.3.22.     Lowering stabilizers/raising stabilizers (for side-loading trucks).
            3.3.23.     Tipping.
            3.4.       Safety features
            5.4.1.     Stability
                       Ability of a truck, either in the loaded or unloaded condition, to resist overturning as
                       a result of static or dynamic forces arising in service.
            5.4.1.1.   Longitudinal stability
                       Resistance to overturning forward or backward.
            3.4.1.2.    Lateral stability (transverse stability)
                        Resistance to overturning to right or left.
            3.4.1.3.   Static stability
                       Resistance to overturning of a stationary truck solely under the action of its load.
            5.4.1.4.   Dynamic stability
                       Resistance to overturning of a moving truck under the action of forces developed
                       when:
            1.4.1.4.1. — travelling in a straight or curved path,
            1.4.1.4.2. — the load is moved in various ways,
            1.4.1.4.3. — during a movement combining (1) and (2) above.
            1.4.2.     Brakes
                       Drawbar drag; stopping distance
            1.4.3.     Safety equipment
            1.4.3.1.   Guards for driving position
                       Complete or partial guards bordering the driving position, especially at extreme
                       points, with the object of protecting the driver frontally and/or laterally against
                       contact with fixed obstacles or other vehicles.
            1.4.3.2.   Overhead guard
                       Superstructure fixed on the truck above the head of the driver, to protect him from
                       falling objects.
            1.4.3.3.   Load backrest
                       Vertical screen usually mounted on the fork carrier to prevent any part of the load
                       transported from falling towards the operator.
            .4.3.4.    Spark-arrester (IC engine).
            .4.3.5.    Water-muffler.
            .4.3.6.    Exhaust gas purifier, catalyzer.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                    No C 165/17
         8.4.3.7.  Flame-proofing equipment.
         8.4.3.8.  Battery discharge indicator.
         8.4.3.9.  Safe load indicator.
         8.4.3.10. Horn.
         8.4.3.11.  Starting switch.
         8.4.3.12. Safety switch (on an electric truck)
                   Switch to cut off the power supply to a traction motor (sometimes also applying the
                   brake), as soon as the operator ceases to exert pressure on the part actuating the
                    switch; this may be a seat or pedal on a rider-controlled truck, or the tiller of a
                   pedestrian-controlled truck.
         8.4.3.13.  Safety reverser
                    Device located at the end of the tiller of a pedestrian-controlled truck, to reverse the
                    direction of the truck when the device contacts the operator (or an obstacle).
         8.4.3.14. Emergency switch
                   A device to switch off the motors of electric trucks, operating independently of the
                   control switches and intended to ensure disconnection of the motor even in the event
                   of the control switch system malfunctioning.
         8.4.3.15. Driving mirror
         8.4.3.16. Electrical overload device
         8.4.3.17. Anti-collision device
                   Device located ahead of a remote-control truck, which on contact with an obstacle or
                   arrival in close proximity to one, is activated mechanically, optically, magnetically, or
                   by other means, and cuts off the supply current to the traction motor while applying
                   the brakes.
         9.        CAPACITY OF TRUCKS AND REMOVABLE ATTACHMENTS
         9.1.      High-lift trucks
         9.1.1.    Rated capacity of high-lift trucks
                    The rated capacity of a powered industrial high-lift truck is the load in kilograms,
                    permitted by the manufacturer, that the truck type is capable of transporting or
                    lifting in normal operation under specific conditions (see Addendum A).
         9.1.2.    Actual capacity of high-lift trucks
                   The actual capacity of a powered industrial high-lift truck is the maximum load
                   in kilograms (depending on its attachment and elevating height), permitted by
                   the manufacturer (usually by stability testing), that the subject truck is capable
                   of transporting or lifting in normal operation under specific conditions (see
                   Addendum A).
         9.2.      Fixed platform and low-lift trucks
         9.2.1.    Rated capacity of fixed platform and low-lift trucks
                   The rated capacity of a fixed platform or low-lift truck is the maximum load in
                   kilograms, permitted by the manufacturer, uniformly distributed over the
                   load-carrying platforms or device, which the truck is capable of transporting under
                   normal conditions of operation.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/18                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                               2. 7. 79
            9.3.      Industrial tractors
            9.3.1.    Rated capacity of industrial tractors
                      The rated capacity of an industrial tractor is the rated horizontal drawbar pull in
                      newtons, permitted by the manufacturer, that the industrial tractor can develop at a
                      specified coupling height while moving at a uniform speed of not less than 1% of the
                      maximum no-load speed, on a smooth, dry, horizontal concrete surface. For stand-on
                      or sit-on industrial tractors the driver's mass shall be 90 kg (ballasted accordingly).
                      When pneumatic tyres are fitted they shall be inflated to the pressure specified by the
                      industrial tractor manufacturer.
            9.4.      Removable attachments
            9.4.1.    Rated capacity of removable attachments is the maximum load, in kilograms,
                      permitted by the manufacturer, that the attachment is capable of handling in normal
                      operation under specified conditions.
            10.       GENERAL PROVISIONS
            10.1.     Information plates
                      All the information on the plates shall be in the language (languages) of the country
                      where the truck is to be used.
            10.1.1.   Identification     plates
            10.1.1.1. Every industrial truck shall bear a durable identification plate in a prominent position
                      giving the following information:
                                   All engine-powered trucks                                      Battery-electric powered
                       (a) Name of the manufacturer (or the                         (a) d°
                            importer) of the truck
                       (b) Type                                                     (b)d°
                       (c) Production or serial number and                          (c) d°
                            year of manufacture
                       (d) Unladen mass (1) of the truck in                         (d) Unladen mass {*) of the truck
                            working order without removable                              in working order without battery
                            attachments, but with the fork                               and without removable attach-
                            arms in the case of fork-lift trucks                         ments, but with the tork arms in
                                                                                         the case of fork trucks
                                                                                    (e) Authorized maximum and mini-
                                                                                         mum battery mass
                                                                                    (f) Battery voltage
                       (') The mass may be slightly greater or less than that shown in the plate.
            10.1.1.2. Identification plates for removable attachments
                      Every removable attachment shall carry a separate identification plate giving the
                      following information:
                      (a) name of attachment manufacturer (or importer);
                      (b) type;
                      (c) production or serial number and year of manufacture;
                      (d) mass of attachment;
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                      N o C 165/19
                   (e) distance of the centre of gravity of the attachment from its mounting face on the
                        truck;
                   (f) rated load capacity;
                    (g) in the case of hydraulically operated attachments the operating hydraulic pressure
                        recommended by the attachment manufacturer;
                    (h) 'warning!'; the capacity of the truck and attachment combination shall be
                        adhered to.
         10.1.1.3. Trucks operating in special conditions
                   If a truck is designed to operate in special conditions it shall bear a durable plate in a
                   prominent position, giving the following information:
                   (a) designation of the special condition(s) of use;
                   (b) capacity of the truck in each of the special conditions of use.
         10.1.1.4. Traction batteries and containers
                   Each container shall bear a durable identification plate in a prominent position
                   giving the following information:
                   (a) name of battery manufacturer;
                   (b) type;
                   (c) serial number;
                   (d) nominal voltage;
                   (e) capacity in ampere hours at the five-hour rate;
                   (f) service mass (with ballast if used to compensate for lack of battery mass).
                   Furthermore, the mass shall be stamped on the removable container near the lifting
                   means.
         10.1.2.   Capacity plates
                   Every truck or tractor shall have a durable capacity plate affixed in a prominent
                   position, easily readable by the operator showing the data specified below.
                   This capacity plate may be combined with the identification plate if desired.
         10.1.2.1. High-lift trucks
                   The capacity plate shall show the data specified in Addendum B.
         10.1.2.2. Fixed platform and low-lift trucks
                   The capacity plate shall show the basic rated capacity in kilograms as defined in
                   9.2.1.
         10.1.2.3. Industrial tractors
                   The capacity plate shall show the drawbar pull in hewtons as defined in 9.3.1 and
                   shall also show the period of time during which this pull can be exerted.
                   In the case of electric-driven truck tractors, fitted with torque convenors, the drawbar
                   pull for one hour of operation shall be given.
         10.1.3.   Other information
                   It is not obligatory to put this information on a plate.
         10.1.3.1. Devices for slinging of trucks
                   Locations for slinging shall be clearly indicated on the truck (10.8.4).
         10.1.3.2. Pneumatic tyre inflation pressures
                   The inflation pressures shall be clearly indicated on the truck.
         10.1.3.3. Maximum authorized gradient
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/20                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                                     2. 7. 79
            10.2.   Immobilization, prevention of unintentional movement and unauthorized use
            10.2.1. A parking brake shall be provided conforming to the requirements specified in
                    10.3.4.1 and 10.3.4.2.
                    The special requirements for order picking trucks are covered in Chapter 11.
            10.2.2. The truck shall be provided with a special device (e.g. by means of a key) which
                    prevents its use by any unauthorized person.
                    Switch keys for pedestrian-controlled trucks and for stand-on and sit-on trucks shall
                    not be interchangeable.
            10.3.   Brakes/performance
            10.3.1. Brakes
                    Powered industrial trucks shall embody brakes capable of developing in either
                    direction, on smooth, level, dry and clean concrete, a minimum drawbar drag 'F'.
                    The value of 'F' for:
                    — all trucks (except tractors) is expressed as a percentage of the gross mass of the
                         truck with its rated load,
                    — tractors is expressed as a percentage of the gross mass of the tractor, without
                         trailers.
                    The minimum value of 'F' is related in the following tables to the maximum speed
                    attainable by the truck with its rated load or by the tractor without trailers ( ' V / in
                    km/h).
                    It a truck's actual braking capability is automatically related to speed, the minimum
                    drawbar drag 'F' may be varied as speed is varied (see Graph A).
                    The minimum value of 'F' in the following tables must be attainable with the
                    appropriate actuating force specified in 10.3.2.
                                                                                               Value of ' F for:
                        Group                       Types of truck
                                                                                   V, 5S13-4 ktn/h          V,   ] ?-4 km/h
                         A(i)            All industrial trucks except
                                         groups B, C and D                       F ^ 1-86 V i %              F ^ 25%
                         B               Tractors with one or two
                                         braked wheels                            F ^ 2 6 V,%                F ^ 35%
                         C               Tractors with        four braked
                                         wheels                                  F ^ 3 72 V , %              F ^ 50%
                                                                                               Value of 'F' for:
                                                                                   V, <; 9-0 km/h           V, > 9 0 km/h
                         DM              Trucks with elevating opera-
                                         tor and high-lift, lateral-
                                         (and front-) stacking trucks             F ^    10 V,%                F ^ 9%
                    (') Where the mast or fork arms can be moved out, the values shall apply with the mast or fork arms in the
                        retracted position.
                    P) For further details see 11.1 and 11.2.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                  N o C 165/21
                                                  GRAPH A
                                                                                           C. Tractors with four braked
                                                              r   '                            wheels
                                                                  I
                                                                                           B. Tractors with one or two
                                                                                               braked wheels
                                                                  j
                                                                  i
                                                                                           A. All     industrial  trucks
                                                                                              except groups B, C and D
                                                                   1
                                                                                           D. Trucks with elevating
                                                                    l                          operator and high-lift,
                                                       i
                                                       i                                       lateral-   (and   front-),
                                                                    i
                                                       i            '                          stacking trucks
                      2       4          6        8 9 10     12 1 3 4 14      6    Vj
                                                  .—'               '
                                                  5 56           8 33        10    V mph
         10.3.2.                Service brake controls f )
                                (a) Brakes applied by depressing the brake pedal shall conform to the above drawbar
                                     drag table with a maximum pedal force not exceeding 600 N.
                                (b) Brakes applied by releasing the brake pedal shall conform to the above drawbar
                                     drag table. The necessary force required to release the brakes and to keep them
                                     released while travelling shall not exceed 300 N.
                                (c) Brakes applied by means of a hand lever shall conform to the above drawbar drag
                                     table, when a maximum force of 150 N is applied to the hand lever.
                                (d) Automatically applied brakes on trucks with the driver standing, and pedestrian-
                                      controlled trucks shall conform to the above drawbar table.
         10.3.3.                Only friction brakes, hydrostatic transmissions and electrical braking systems are
                                acceptable as service brakes.
         10.3.4.                Parking brake
         10.3.4.1.               Each industrial truck except an industrial tractor shall be equipped with a parking
                                 brake which shall hold the truck, with its maximum permissible load, without
                                 assistance from the driver, on the service gradient specified by the manufacturer. The
                                 gradient must not exceed the values shown below:
                                 (a) Sit-on or stand-on trucks, electric or ICE except types (b) and (c): 15%;
                                 (b) Narrow-aisle trucks (reach trucks) straddle trucks, pallet-stackers, high-lift
                                      platform trucks, or low-lift trucks: 10%;
                                 (c) Order-picking trucks, high-lift and lateral-stackers: 5%;
                                 (d) Pedestrian-controlled trucks: 10%;
         10.3.4.2.               Each industrial tractor with the exception of driverless tractors shall be equipped
                                 with a parking brake which shall hold the tractor itself, without trailers, and without
                                 assistance from the driver on the maximum gradient that it is able to climb (without
                                 load) or on the following gradient, whichever is lower.
                                 Sit-on or stand-on tractors, ICE or electric: 15%.
                                 Pedestrian-controlled tractors: 10%.
         (') Order-picking trucks are covered in Chapter 11.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/22                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                                          2. 7. 79
            10.3.4.3. Brake operating systems
                      Service and parking brakes shall be operated by means of independent systems, but
                      may be effective on the same arresting equipment (e.g. brake shoes).
                      This does not apply to trucks which have the type of automatic service/parking brake
                      specified in 10.3.2 (b) and (d).
            10.4.     Wheels
                      When split wheels are used with pneumatic tyres, the truck shall be provided with
                      devices to prevent the user f r o m separating the halves of the wheel before removing
                      the wheel from the axle.
            10.5.     Controls
            10.5.1.   Direction   of travel controls
            10.5.1.1. Applicable up to and including 31 December 1984
                      In accordance with ISO Standard 3 6 9 1 (8.1 to 8.2.3.3, 8.3.1 (a), (b), (e) and 8.3.1.1
                      to 8.4.3.2).
            10.5.1.2. Applicable from 1 January 1985
                      In accordance with ISO Standard 3691(8.1 to 8.2.3.3, 8.3.1 (a), (b), (e) and 8.3.1.1 t o
                      8.4.3.2).
                      with the following modifications:
                      8.4.1.1. P e d a l s
                      Accelerator and service brake pedals and clutch pedals when fitted to sit-on trucks
                      shall be arranged in accordance with automotive rules and practice as shown in
                      Figure 25 (the paragraph which follows is deleted).
                      8.4.1.2. G e a r - c h a n g e l e v e r
                      The positions for gear engagement shall be clearly indicated.
                      8.4.1.3. D i r e c t i o n - c h a n g e l e v e r
                      It shall be obligatory to operate the direction-change levers by hand. The
                      direction-change levers shall be arranged in such a way that their operation
                      corresponds to the required direction of travel.
                      8.4.1.4. S a f e t y c o n t r o l a n d b r a k e s — s i t - o n e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k s
                      — The first t w o paragraphs are retained.
                      — The last three paragraphs are replaced by:
                          'The accelerator shall be operated by the right foot and shall increase travel speed
                          when depressed. The service brakes shall be operated by the right foot and shall
                          be applied by depressing the pedal.'
                      8.4.1.5. S a f e t y c o n t r o l a n d b r a k e s   —       sit-on      internal          combustion
                                engine powered trucks
                      — The first clause of the first paragraph is retained.
                      — The second clause of the first paragraph is replaced by:
                           'The accelerator shall be operated by the right foot and shall increase travel speed
                          when depressed.'
                      — The two following paragraphs are replaced by:
                          'The service brakes shall always be operated by the right foot and shall be applied
                          by depressing the pedal. If a clutch is fitted, declutching shall be carried out by
                          pressing on the pedal with the left foot. This pedal may also operate the brakes.
                          In the latter case, one large pedal may be utilized to carry out both operations
                          provided its surface area is approximately equal to the total surface area of the
                          brake and clutch pedal shown in Figure 25. Declutching shall be effected by the
                          initial depressing movement of the pedal, the final movement shall apply the
                          brakes.'
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                  N o C 165/23
         10.5.2.                 Load-handling      controls
                                 In accordance with ISO Standard 3691 (8.5).
         10.5.3.                 Control symbols
                                 In accordance with ISO Standard 3287.
         10.6.                   Speed limitation (J)
         10.6.1.                 Pedestrian-controlled trucks shall be so designed that they shall not be capable of
                                 speed in excess of 6 km/h in the unladen condition when operating on level ground.
                                 Exception
                                 In special areas separated from pedestrians and other types of traffic remote-
                                 controlled trucks may be operated at higher speeds.
                                 Single-speed pedestrian-controlled trucks shall be so designed that they cannot reach
                                 a speed in excess of 4 km/h, empty and on level ground, or a maximum acceleration
                                 of 5 % . Single-speed trucks shall be low-lift only.
         10.6.2.                 Stand-on trucks shall be so designed that they shall not be capable of speeds in excess
                                 of 16 km/h in the laden condition when operating on level ground.
         10.6.3.                 It is recommended that sit-on and stand-on trucks having a speed greater than
                                 12 km/h be fitted with a speedometer adapted to the speed conditions of use and to
                                 facilitate adherence to speed regulations.
         10.7.                   Requirements for power systems and accessories
         10.7.1.                 Internal combustion         engine driven trucks
         10.7.1.1.               Exhaust and cooling systems
         10.7.1.1.1.             The exhaust system shall be designed and fitted with due consideration for the
                                 comfort and well-being of the operator and other personnel. In particular, the
                                 exhaust pipe whether it is placed in a low or high position shall have its exhaust port
                                 so arranged as to cause the minimum discomfort to personnel.
         10.7.1.1.2.             The air flow through the cooling system shall be arranged in a manner to avoid
                                 discomfort to the operator.
         10.7.1.2.               Fuel tanks
                                 If a tank is within or contiguous to the engine compartment, the tank and/or filling
                                 arrangement shall be isolated from the electrical and exhaust systems by a separate
                                 enclosure or by baffles. The tank location and facilities for filling shall be such that
                                 spillage or leakage will drain to the ground and not into the engine or operator's
                                 compartment or on to electrical or exhaust system parts. Fuel spillage shall not be
                                 possible under operating conditions.
         10.7.1.2.1.             Applicable up to and including 31 December 1984
                                 The fuel tank and fill fittings shall be so located as to minimize the possibility of
                                 damage to the tank and its fittings.
         10.7.1.2.2.             Applicable from 1 January 1985
                                 The fuel tank shall be removable. The fuel tank and fill fittings shall be so located as
                                 to minimize the possibility of damage to the tank and its fittings.
         10.7.1.3.               Fuel systems shall be firmly secured to the truck and the fastenings arranged to
                                 minimize the effects of vibration.
         (') Order-picking trucks are covered in Chapter 11.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/24                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                     2. 7. 79
           10.7.2.      Additional   requirements for internal combustion     engine driven trucks, using LPG gas
           10.7.2.1.    Containers
           10.7.2.1.1.  The container(s) for LPG may be either permanently fixed on the truck or quickly
                        removable. Containers shall comply with the requirements of existing Community
                        Directives.
           10.7.2.1.2.  Containers shall be fitted on the truck in such a way that they are not unduly
                        exposed to erosion nor to the corrosive action of the products handled by the truck.
                        They shall be protected against corrosion.
           10.7.2.1.3.   The containers shall be firmly secured to the truck and the fastening shall be
                         unaffected by vibration.
           10.7.2.1.4.  Containers, whether fixed or removable, shall be equipped with a device to prevent
                        the sudden emission of a large volume of gas, particularly in the case of a pipe failure.
                        The fuel take off on the container shall be equipped with an easily and quickly
                        accessible manually operated valve. The fuel take off shall be in a liquid form, unless
                        the container and engine are specially equipped for direct vapour withdrawal.
           10.7.2.1.5.  All containers which require to be filled to a fixed maximum liquid level by the user
                        shall have the following fittings:
                         (a) A suitable safety pressure-relief valve connected to the vapour space of the
                             container. Where such containers are fitted inside compartments of vehicles the
                             discharge side of the relief valve shall be piped to atmosphere.
                             The gas shall be led away safely.
                         (b) A fixed maximum level indicating device. Where containers are fitted inside
                             compartments of vehicles the discharge side of any maximum level indicating
                             device which relies on bleeding gas to atmosphere shall terminate at a readily
                             visible position on the outside of the vehicle.
                             1. The maximum level indicating device, which relies on bleeding to atmosphere
                                 shall be designed so that the bleed hole is not larger than 1-5 mm diameter
                                 and also that the parts of the device cannot be completely withdrawn in
                                 normal gauging operations.
                             2. All maximum liquid level devices shall be suitable for the LPG in use and
                                 indicate the maximum product level which shall not exceed that permitted by
                                 Community Regulations for pressure vessels in so far as they exist or
                                 otherwise to the provisions of the country in which they are used.
                        (c) If a liquid level gauge is fitted, it shall not vent to atmosphere.
           10.7.2.1.6.  If containers are installed in a compartment, this compartment shall have permanent
                        openings at the very bottom. The total surface area of these ventilation openings shall
                        be at least 200 cm 2 allowing adequate ventilation to the outside atmosphere and
                        without risk for the operator.
           10.7.2.1.7.  When containers are removable, their fastening shall permit easy handling and easy
                        checking of installation after the exchange of containers.
           10.7.2.1.8.  When installing removable containers which incorporate a safety relief valve they
                        shall be so located on the truck that the safety pressure-relief valve opening is always
                        in communication with the vapour space (top) of the container. This may be
                        accomplished by an indexing pin which positions the container when the container is
                        properly installed.
           10.7.2.1.9.  If a spare or additional container is carried on the truck, it shall be secured in an
                        approved manner as laid down in 10.7.2.1.3 and 10.7.2.1.8.
           10.7.2.1.10. Protective caps against inclement weather shall be provided on the connections when
                        stored in the open.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                     N o C 165/25
         10.7.2.1.11.  Provision shall be made for the possible fitting of a heat-shield to ensure protection
                       against abnormal increases in temperature of the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
                       container, which might be caused by the sun or other heat sources. Containers shall
                       be positioned as far away as is practical from the motor and the exhaust system.
         10.7.2.2.     Piping
         10.7.2.2.1.   Connecting piping and all associated parts shall be easily accessible, protected against
                       damage and wear, and be flexible enough to withstand vibration and deformation in
                       service. Pipe work shall be:
                        1. so arranged that damage or leaks are easily detectable; and
                       2. installed in such a way that it cannot be damaged by the hot parts of the engine.
                       Fully rigid pipes shall not be used for connecting the container to equipment on the
                       engine.
         10.7.2.2.2.   Hoses, piping and all connections operating at pressure above one bar gauge shall be
                       suitable for a working pressure of 25 bar and shall withstand without bursting a test
                       pressure of 75 bar.
                       Hoses, piping and all connections operating below one bar shall withstand, without
                       bursting, a test pressure of five times the maximum pressure likely to be encountered
                       in service.
         10.7.2.2.3.   The containers and their connections shall be installed in such a way that there are no
                       projections outside the overall contour of the truck. Container connections shall be
                       protected by a rigid guard.
         10.7.2.2.4.   Excessive pressure shall be avoided in any section of pipework containing LPG
                       between two shut-off valves which may be closed; a pressure-relief valve or other
                       suitable means may be used if necessary.
         10.7.2.2.5.   The use of aluminium piping in the liquid lines is not permissible.
         10.7.2.2.6.   Hose lengths shall be as short as possible.
         10.7.2.3.     Equipment
         10.7.2.3.1.   The supply of gas shall be automatically cut off when the engine stops irrespective of
                       whether or not the ignition system has been switched off.
         10.7.2.3.2.   For multi-fuel applications the system shall be designed to avoid the possibility of
                       LPG entering any other fuel container, and so that each fuel source is cut off before
                       the alternative one is opened.
         10.7.2.3.2.1. If the truck is equipped with two or more containers to supply fuel, they shall be
                       connected via a multi-way valve, or other suitable means so that liquified gas (LPG)
                       can be drawn only from one container at a time. The use of two or more containers
                        (at the same time) is not permitted.
         10.7.2.3.3.   Safety pressure-relief valves or liquid level indicators shall be installed in such a way
                       that they cannot discharge on truck components which represent a source of ignition.
         10.7.2.3.4.   If corrosion of a part will interfere with its proper functioning it shall be provided
                       with a corrosion-resistant protective coating.
         10.7.2.3.5.   All fuel system components shall be firmly secured to the truck and the fastenings
                       arranged to minimize the effect of vibration.
         10.7.3.       Electric trucks
         10.7.3.1.     Battery
         10.7.3.1.1.   Metal covers shall be designed to provide an air space of at least 10 mm above the
                       live parts of the battery. Alternatively the covers or live parts of the battery shall be
                       insulated. The insulation must be firmly attached to avoid their disintegration or
                       displacement in normal use.
         10.7.3.1.2.   The cover(s) shall be so constructed that in normal use no force shall be transmitted
                       or contact made with the battery when a force of 980 N is applied to the cover(s)
                       over any area 300 X 300 mm square.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 165/26                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                                      2. 7. 79
                                   The cover(s) shall be fitted in such a way as to avoid displacement in normal use.
           10.7.3.1.3.             Suitable ventilation holes shall be provided in the battery container, compartment or
                                   cover so that dangerous accumulations of gases shall not occur when the equipment
                                   is properly used.
           10.7.3.1.4.             Batteries and containers of all trucks shall be constrained to prevent unforeseen
                                   displacement in normal use. On rider lift trucks means shall be provided so that in
                                   the event of 90° overturning the battery assembly will be constrained so as to avoid
                                   the risk of injury which could otherwise occur by the battery being displaced.
           10.7.3.1.5.             N o sparking components shall be installed.in the battery container or compartment..
                                   Battery connectors can be accepted as non-sparking components provided they are
                                   not part of an emergency isolation system (10.7.3.7).
           10.7.3.1.6.             Voltage
                                   The nominal battery voltage shall not exceed 96 volts.
           10.7.3.1.7.             Voltage limits
                                    Electrical equipment shall be so designed that all functions shall operate and safety
                                   shall not be jeopardized if the battery voltage should fall below the nominal
                                   voltage (i) by as much as 30% (i.e. to 0 70 of the nominal voltage).
           10.7.3.2.                Connectors (other than charging connectors)
                                   The connectors used for connecting the traction batteries to the equipment of
                                    electrically-operated industrial trucks, and to the charging equipment shall comply
                                   with the requirements of Addendum C.
           10.7.3.3.               It shall not be possible to energize the truck movement circuits whilst external
                                   charging leads are connected.
           10.7.3.4.                Resistors
                                   All resistors shall be located and arranged so as to avoid overheating and damage to
                                   adjacent parts of the truck.
           10.7.3.5.               Protection
           10.7.3.5.1.             In the normal operating condition of the truck the uninsulated live parts shall be
                                   protected to prevent direct contact.
           10.7.3.5.2.             There shall be no electrical connection to truck frame, with the permissible exception
                                   of:
                                   (a) frame fault detection system;
                                   (b) lighting and ancillary equipment, providing its operating voltage does not exceed
                                         24 volts and it is electrically isolated from the main power source.
           10.7.3.5.3.             Motor circuits shall be protected against short circuit conditions
                                   Auxiliary circuits shall be protected against short circuit conditions and dangerous
                                   excess currents. Several auxiliary circuits in parallel, with combined current not
                                   exceeding 10 amps, may be protected by a single device.
           10.7.3.5.4.             The electric circuits shall be so designed, and if necessary protected, that two or more
                                   frame faults cannot cause uncontrolled operation.
           10.7.3.5.5.             Pulse switching systems shall be so arranged that in the event of any fault in the
                                   electronic circuit an uncontrolled power-on condition is avoided. Alternatively each
                                   system may be duplicated and cross-monitored. Means shall be provided for checking
                                   the operation of this safety circuit or system.
           (') Nominal voltage = maximum number of cells which are connected in series multiplied by the nominal voltage of each cell (e.g. 2 0
               volts for conventional lead acid cells, 1-2 volts for conventional alkaline cells).
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                   N o C 165/27
         10.7.3.5.6.  Verification of the dielectric properties
                       I. Type text — over voltage (10.7.3.9).
                      II. Routine test — insulation resistance (10.7.3.10).
         10.7.3.6.    Conductors
                     The cross-sectional area of conductors shall be so selected that during operation of
                     the truck, the temperature shall not exceed that specified for the class of insulation
                      used.
                      Electric cables shall be installed in such a way that they are protected from
                      mechanical damage when the truck is in normal service.
                      The following provisions apply to conductors external to enclosures (excluding
                      component flying leads):
                      (a) all conductors shall be flexible;
                      (b) the cross-sectional area of conductors of adequately supported cables and wiring
                           harnesses shall not be less than 0-5 mm 2 ;
                      (c) single conductors shall have a cross-sectional area not less than 1 0 mm 2 .
         10.7.3.7.    Emergency isolation
                      An emergency isolating control or controls shall be provided which shall be readily
                      accessible to the operator at all times while in any of the operating positions
                     recommended by the manufacturer. The isolating device shall simultaneously isolate
                     all poles of the main supply lines and shall be capable of interrupting the normal
                      maximum current (including motor starting current) by one of the following
                      methods:
                      (a) connector specified in 10.7.3.2;
                      (b) manual isolator;
                      (c) emergency switch connected into the coil circuit of two separate contactors.
         10.7.3.8.    Electro-mechanical brakes
                     Where electro-mechanical brakes are fitted these shall be mechanically applied and
                     electrically released.
         10.7.3.9.   Dielectric type test
                     For ex-works, new, dry vehicles and with disconnected traction battery, an
                     alternating test voltage between 25 and 100 hertz shall be used for testing between
                     live parts and the frame.
                     Semi-conductors or similar electronic components liable to become damaged by
                     application of the test voltage may be bypassed or removed.
                     If there should be need to re-check, the alternating test voltage may be reduced to
                     80% of the test voltage specified in the table.
                     The alternating test voltage shall be as follows:
                            Nominal voltage               Alternating test voltage           •Testing time
                               <   48                           500 volts                   One minute
                               ^   48                         1 500 volts                   One minute
         10.7.3.10.  Dielectric routine test
                     The insulation in industrial trucks must possess adequate electrical resistance.
                     As a routine test the industrial truck and traction battery shall be checked separately.
                     The test voltage shall be greater than the nominal voltage and less than 500 volts.
                     The insulation resistance between live parts and frame of all electric components of
                     the industrial truck shall be deemed adequate if it amounts to at least 1 000 ohms per
                     volt of the battery nominal voltage.
                     The insulation resistance of the traction battery shall be deemed adequate if it is at
                     least 1 000 ohms between the live parts and the container.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/28                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                         2. 7. 79
            10.7.3.11.             Safety devices for electrical and electronic circuits
                                   The electrical and electronic circuits of safety devices mentioned in the following
                                   points:
                                   10.7.3.7.          Emergency isolation
                                   10.10.5.           Protection of operator, pedestrian-controlled trucks
                                   11.1.1.2.
                                    11.1.1.3.      :  Reduction of speed and braking
                                   11.1.2.1.
                                   11.1.1.4.          Speed limitation and prevention of travel '
                                   11.2.5.2.          Slack wire ropes or slack chains
                                   11.2.5.11.         A second limiting device at the top of travel shall be so designed and
                                                      fitted that even in the event of one or several faults they remain fail-
                                                      safe.
                                   In the case of mechanically operated switches their operation shall be effected by
                                   opening of the circuit but through a minimum of intermediary devices. Their
                                   operation must not solely depend on weights or drag.
                                   Note:
                                   Where it is not possible to satisfy the above requirements by a simple electrical or
                                   electronic circuit, it is possible to duplicate the electrical or electronic circuits in order
                                   to check their correct functioning. A fault must cause the motion to stop, and
                                   restarting must not be possible until the circuit has been restored.
            10.8.                  Systems and components for lifting, tilting and other movements
            10.8.1.                Lifting and tilting mechanism      (l)
            10.8.1.1.              Mast mechanism chains
                                   Only leaf and roller mechanical chains are authorized.
                                   Wheh the lifting mechanism includes chains, the truck manufacturer shall select chain
                                   which, in relation to the minimum breaking load certified by the manufacturer of the
                                   chain, will provide a factor (2) of at least five to one in relation to the static load that
                                   would exist in equally loaded chains when the maximum rated load is in the
                                   transporting position, assuming no friction in the mast structure. Pulley diameters
                                   shall be at least three times the pitch of the chains.
            10.8.1.2.              Wire ropes
                                   When the lift mechanism includes wire ropes the truck manufacturer shall select a
                                   wire rope which, in relation to the minimum breaking load certified by the
                                   manufacturer of the wire rope, will provide a factor (2) of at least six to one in
                                   relation to the static load that would exist in equally loaded wire ropes when the
                                   maximum rated load is in the transporting position, assuming no friction in the mast
                                   structure. The minimum diameter of the wire rope guide pulleys, measured from the
                                   bottom of the groove shall be equal to 22 times the diameter of the wire rope.
            10.8.1.3.              Hydraulic lifting cylinders
                                    Lift cylinders when loaded to the rated load conditions of the truck and connected
                                    through the hydraulic circuit of the truck the total leakage of the complete hydraulic
                                    lifting system (cylinders, distributor, etc.) shall only allow a descent of the load lower
                                    than 100 mm in the first 10 minutes with the hydraulic oil at normal working
                                   temperature.
           (') Order-picking trucks are covered in Chapter 11.
                   minimum breaking load when new
           (2) K — — — — — — — — — — — —
                   carrying capacity + dead mass
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                   N o C 165/29
         10.8.1.4.  Limitation of stroke of lifting system
                   The lift assembly shall be designed to provide positive stops to prevent over-travel. In
                    addition means shall be provided to prevent the fork carrier and moving elements of
                    the mast structure disengaging from the upper end of the mast. All movements with a
                    limited travel shall be provided with positive stops to prevent over-travel.
         10.8.1.5.  Lowering speed limitation
                    A control device shall be incorporated in the lift circuit which even in the event of a
                    failure of the hydraulic circuit shall restrict the rate of descent speed of the loaded
                    lifting mechanism as much as possible. In no case shall the speed exceed 0 6 m/s.
         10.8.1.6.  Hydraulic tilting systems
                    The total leakage rate of the complete hydraulic tilting system (cylinder, distributer,
                    etc.) shall only allow a pivoting of the mast to the front of less than 5° in the first
                    10 minutes, from the vertical mast position when the truck is raising its rated load at
                    a height of 2-5 m or, in the case of trucks of less than 2-5 m, at their maximum
                    height.
                    The pivoting speed shall not exceed 0-5° in one minute for trucks with a maximum
                    tilt of less than 5°.
         10.8.2.   Hydraulic systems
         10.8.2.1.  Hydraulic circuits
                    Hoses, piping and all connections shall be capable of withstanding, without bursting,
                    a pressure at least equal to three times the operating pressure to which they might
                    actually be subjected.
         10.8.2.2. All hydraulic systems shall include a reliable device which prevents the pressure in the
                   system from exceeding a preset safe level (pressure-relief valve).
                   The device shall be so designed and fitted that accidental loosening or adjustment is
                   avoided and that a tool or key is required to alter the pressure setting.
         10.8.2.3.  In the case of a fault or an interruption of the supply of energy, the design of the
                   hydraulic installation shall be such that the hydraulic pressure in the system does not
                   cause the pump to function as an hydraulic motor.
         10.8.2.4. The hydraulic system shall be designed and installed in such a way that its
                   performance and reliability are not reduced or its components damaged as a result of
                   external stresses, vibration or movements of the truck or components thereof, etc.
         10.8.2.5. The hydraulic system shall be so designed that the oil in circulation is continuously
                   and automatically filtered.
         10.8.3.   Fork arms and carrier
         10.8.3.1. Fork arms — technical characteristics and            testing in accordance with      ISO
                   International Standard 2330.
         10.8.3.2. Fork arms •— lateral locations
                   Means shall be incorporated in the fork arm and carrier to prevent unintentional
                   lateral displacement. Positive stops shall be provided to prevent lateral disengagement
                   at the extremities.
         10.8.3.3. Fork extensions
                   Fork extensions shall be designed to prevent accidental disengagement from the fork
                   arm.
         10.8.4.   Slinging devices
                   The slinging devices shall be so designed as to avoid any accidental risk of
                   unhooking.
 ---pagebreak--- C 165/30                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                       2. 7. 79
       10.9.               Operator's position
       10.9.1.             Dimensions
                           The operator's seat or standing position shall be so constructed that while operating
                           the truck the operator shall have room to withdraw within the plan outline of the
                           truck.
                           The dimensions shall not be less than the following dimensions (in mm):
                   Direction                                        Seated driver
                    of travel                                                                 Direction
                                                                                               of travel
       Front-seated                                                                                       Side-seated
                                                              Standing driver
                                                                    250
                     320
                   at feet
                                                      380 at feet
                                                                                  Near side
                                                      400 at hips
                                           «    "                 .      »  50
                                                  ' 500 at shoulders
                            Note:
                            Positions of the operator place, other than front or side facing, are also permitted and
                            equivalent dimensions apply.
         10.9.2.            Access
                            Rider trucks shall be designed to permit easy access and egress without undue risk of
                            slipping or falling.
                            The surface of the floor shall be slip resistant. An adequate number of steps or
                            running boards fitted with slip resistant surfaces or coverings shall be provided.
                            Each step or running board shall have a height ab6ve that next below it or above the
                            ground of preferably 550 mm and shall not in any case exceed 700 mm. Safety
                            handles shall be provided as necessary.
         10.9.3.            The operator's seat shall be adequately upholstered and, if necessary, resiliently
                            suspended to minimize the transmission of vibration to the operator's person.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                     N o C 165/31
         10.9.4.        Temperature
                        The operator's seat and all parts of the truck within reach of the operator when in his
                        normal operating position or when getting into or leaving his operating place shall be
                        insulated, if necessary, against excessive temperature arising from the engine or other
                         equipment.
         10.10.          Protective devices
         10.10.1.        Operator's   overhead guard
                         It shall be possible to equip every high-lift industrial truck with an overhead guard to
                         protect the operator. (This does not include pedestrian-controlled trucks or
                         pedestrian trucks with provision for the operator to ride.)
                         Overhead guards shall conform to the following requirements:
         10.10.1.1.      Design features
         10.10.1.1.1.    General
                        The overhead guard shall extend over the operator under all normal circumstances of
                         truck operation.
         10.10.1.1.2.    Failure of the tilting mechanism shall not, directly or indirectly, involve injury to the
                        operator by reason of failure of the overhead guard.
         10.10.1.2.     Dimensions
         10.10.1.2.1.   The overhead guard should be designed and constructed in a manner that does not
                        interfere with good visibility.
         10.10.1.2.2.    Openings on the top of the overhead guard shall not exceed 150 mm in one of the
                        two dimensions width or length.
         10.10.1.2.3.    For rider-seated trucks, a vertical clearance of at lea^t 1 000 mm shall be provided
                         from the point of maximum depression of the seat under the operator to the
                         underside of the guard in the vicinity of the operator's head when he is in his normal
                         operating position.
         10.10.1.2.4. ' F o r rider-standing trucks, a vertical clearance of at least 1 880 mm shall be provided
                        from the platform on which the operator stands to the underside of the overhead
                         guard in the vicinity of the operator's head when he is in his normal operating
                        position.
         10.10.1.2.5.   The operator's overhead guard shall not hinder the driver while he is mounting or
                        dismounting the truck.
         10.10.1.3.     Testing of overhead guards
         10.10.1.3.1.    General
                         To test protection of the operator from falling objects (but not the impact of a falling
                         capacity load) the following tests are to be carried out on prototype guards fitted to a
                         truck of the type for which it has been designed.
                        The mounting of the guards on a test chassis is also admissible provided that the
                        mounting is the same as that on the truck for which it is designed.
         10.10.1.3.2.   Static test
                        The overhead guard shall be able to support for one minute a static rigid test load,
                        uniformly distributed on the area of the upper part of the main frame, according to
                        the following table and graph:
 ---pagebreak--- No C 165/32                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                    2. 7. 79
                                     Rated capacity of truck                        Static test load
                                             (Q kg)                                       (kg)
                                 Up to 2 000                                  2 X Q maximum 4 000 kg
                                  from 2 000 to        5 000             2 000 + Q maximum 7 000 kg
                                  from 5 000 to 10 000                   4 500 + Q maximum 9 500 kg
                                                                                   2
                             10 000
                              9 000
                              8 000
                              7 000
                              6 000 -j
                          §   5 000 -
                              4 000
                              3 000 -
                              2 000 .
                                              I 1 1
                                                                  Rated capacity of truck (kg)
          10.10.1.3.3. A dynamic test
                       The overhead guard shall be able to withstand the impact of a hardwood cube,
                       weighing not less than 45 kg.
                       The test cube shall be positioned to drop in free fall with a flat surface approximately
                       parallel to the top of the overhead guard, and not strike with a corner or edge. The
                        cube shall be dropped a distance of 1-5 m 10 times so that it strikes the guard at
                       random points within a 600 mm diameter circle, whose centre is vertically above the
                       centre point of the operator's seat or position.
          10.10.1.3.4. Test results: static and dynamic
                       After both tests the guard shall not show fracture, parts separation or permanent
                       vertical deformation exceeding 20 mm measured on the underside of the guard
                       within a 600 mm diameter circle, whose centre is vertically above the centre point of
                       the operator's seat or position.
          10.10.1.3.5. Auxiliary fixtures
                       During the dynamic tests, the deformations that might occur on auxiliary fixtures
                       such as wire mesh, cloth, toughened glass, etc., shall be ignored.
          10.10.2.     Load backrest extension
                       High-lift trucks shall be designed so that they may be equipped with a load backrest
                       extension.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                 N o C 165/33
          10.10.3.               Platform
           10.10.3.1.            Operator's stand-on platforms on end-controlled trucks shall extend beyond the
                                 operator's position and be so designed that they could withstand a compression force
                                 corresponding to the mass of the laden truck and applied along the longitudinal axis
                                 of the truck with the outermost projection of the platform against a flat vertical
                                 surface.
                                 Note:
                                 For the purpose of this section, the operator's platform includes any surrounding
                                 reinforcement or parts of the truck which provide resistance to crushing of the
                                 platform.
          10.10.3.2.             Operator's stand-on platforms which overhang the truck shall be provided with
                                 guards at the side or front of the platform.
           10.10.3.3.            Operator's stand-on platforms which fold or pivot shall be equipped with means to
                                 prevent the unintentional folding or pivoting of this platform when the operator is
                                 standing thereon.
           10.10.3.4.             Operator's fixed stand-on platforms which are at heights greater than 1 200 mm
               1
                                  above the floor shall be equipped with rails or other equally effective means of
                                  protection (1), comprising top rails, intermediate rails and toe boards to a height
                                 neither less than 900 mm nor more than 1 100 mm, measured from the upper surface
                                  of the top rail to the platform, the toe boards having a minimum height of 100 mm.
                                  The rails should be capable of withstanding a force of 900 N applied in any
                                 horizontal direction.
                                 Removable or hinged rails shall be constructed in such a manner that proper rail
                                 positioning is easily accomplished and a secured position is visibly discernible.
                                 When hinged rails are provided they shall open only upwards, inwards or sideways.
          10.10.4.               Wheel guards
                                 Trucks with wheels which extend beyond the confines of the truck chassis shall be
                                 provided with devices which ensure the protection of the driver when he is in the
                                 normal operating position against objects thrown up by the wheels (e.g. mud, gravel,
                                 stones, bolts, etc.).
          10.10.5.               Protection of operator — pedestrian-controlled                 trucks
                                 The tiller of pedestrian-controlled trucks shall incorporate a device to reverse the
                                 direction of travel or stop the truck should the tiller in its operating position come
                                 into contact with a solid body (e.g. the operator's person).
          10.10.6.               Warning devices
                                 Rider-controlled industrial trucks shall be equipped with a clearly audible warning
                                 device.
          10.10.7.           ,   Crushing, shearing and trapping points
                                 Relative moving parts present a hazard to the operator in his normal operating
                                 position.
                                 Such parts shall be separated by the minimum distances specified hereunder:
                                 — places where the operator's fingers can be trapped: 25 mm,
                                — places where the operator's hands or feet can be trapped: 50 mm,
                                — places where the operator's arms or legs can be trapped: 100 mm.
                                 Alternatively it shall be considered a satisfactory solution if the danger points are
                                 adequately guarded.
         (') Chains and wire ropes are not considered as equally effective means of protection.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/34                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                                          2. 7. 79
            10.11.                  Visibility
                                    Visibility on high-lift rider trucks.
                                    This requirement specifies a procedure by which the visibility of unladen industrial
                                    trucks fitted with forks or platform ( l ) may be ascertained in a direction through the
                                    mast and parallel to the forks.
            10.12.                  Environmental conditions
            10.12.1.                Noise
                                    The noise emission of a truck is to be measured in accordance with the following
                                    specifications:
            10.12.1.1.              Environmental noise
                                    The maximum admissible noise level in the environment shall be 90 dB(A).
            10.12.1.2.              Noise at operator station
                                    The maximum admissible equivalent noise level (Leq) at the operator's station shall
                                    be 90 dB(A).
            10.12.2.                Operator's cabin
            10.12.2.1.              If a cabin is fitted in lieu of an overhead guard it shall comply with the requirements
                                    of 10.10.1.
            10.12.2.2.              If a totally enclosed cabin is fitted with a heater, the heater's air intake shall be
                                    connected to a fresh air inlet.
            10.12.2.3.              Provision shall be made for adequate ventilation of the cabin.
            10.12.2.4.              If glass is used in the window apertures it shall be of the safety glass type.
            10.13.                  Attachments
            10.13.1.                Attachments (e.g. clamps, side-shifters, etc.) shall be designed and manufactured in
                                    such a way that unintentional detachment and lateral displacement are prevented.
                                    Movements of the attachment and its parts shall be mechanically limited at the
                                    extreme positions.
            10.13.2.                Clamping devices shall be so designed that the clamping pressure when in the neutral
                                    position is automatically sustained. In the event of malfunctions in the power supply
                                    system of an attachment unintentional movement of parts supporting a load shall not
                                    be possible, nor unintentional separation from the load.
            10.13.3.                If the attachment hydraulic circuit is equipped with its own adjustable pressure-relief
                                    valve it shall include means to prevent accidental loosening or unauthorized
                                    adjustment.
            10.13.4.                Hydraulic lines (flexible and rigid) and couplings shall be so designed that the
                                    possibility of damage from accidental contact with objects is avoided.
                                    The hydraulic coupling and hydraulic pressure of the attachment shall be compatible
                                    with the truck.
            10.13.5.                Attachments shall as far as technically possible be so designed and fitted to the truck
                                    that the driver has a satisfactory view of the roadway and of the load-lifting member.
           (') Where trucks are fitted with attachments that may reduce visibility they shall be considered as partially loaded and driven as such.
 ---pagebreak---           Crushing, sheering and t r a c i n g of attachments other than those which gri^ the load
          shall conform to the requirements laid d o w n in 1 0 . 1 0 ^
10.13.7.  The combined load moment of an attachment and its load shall not exceed the rated
          load moment of the truck to which it is fitted. The stability of a lift truck/attachment
          combination together with the load shall be verified by the truck manufacturer or
          according t o his instructions.
          When determining the residual lifting capacity of a truck/attachment combination,
          account shall also be taken of the impact that occurs when running up against the
          limit stops (e.g. with a side-shifter) under the nominal load.
10.14.    Steering shock restriction
          The transmission of road shocks t o the steering of sit-on and stand-on trucks shall be
          limited to such on extent as t o avoid injury to the operator's hand or arm.
10.15.    Lights
          Sit-on and stand-on trucks shall be so designed that it is possible to equip them when
          necessary with headlights, red lights and possibly a worklight mounted on a universal
          swivel.
11.       SPECIAL R E Q U I R E M E N T S
          Trucks with elevating operator position and trucks specifically designed to travel
          with elevated loads.
11.1.     General requirements
          Trucks shall be so designed that when operating under their special conditions (see
          Addendum D) their stability enables them to travel safely while the lift mechanism or
          load orientating mechanism is being actuated, or with the lift mechanism elevated,
          laden and unladen, or such lesser operations as the manufacturer has decided and has
          limited the truck performance accordingly by automatic devices.
          The following types of industrial trucks are excluded f r o m Chapter 11:
          (a) trucks without lift (non-elevating operator platform and load carrier);
          (b) low-lift order-picking trucks where the load elevated is just sufficient to facilitate
               transportation;
          (c) medium-lift order-picking trucks where the operator's platform can only be
              elevated up to and including 1 2 0 m ;
          (d) 'walk-off type order-picking trucks whereby the operator leaves the truck
              platform or pallet and enters into the storage racks in order to move loads on t o
              the platform or pallet.
11.1.1.   Operating    safety arrangements
11.1.1.1. Where truck stability depends on reduction of speed a n d / o r braking at a certain lift
          height (or heights), operation beyond those limits shall be automatically prevented.
          Where, above certain lift heights, the truck is only permitted to travel at creep speed
          (not more than 2-5 km/h), operation above this speed shall be automatically
          prevented.
          W h e n a truck is designed to carry out three-way stacking it shall have a device which
          automatically prevents:
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/36                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                       2. 7. 79
                       (a) travelling at more than 2-5 km/h when the load is in the forward position;
                       (b) horizontal displacements of the load when the appliance is travelling.
                       This requirement does not apply when the manufacturer guarantees by some other
                       means the stability of the truck.
            11.1.1.2.  Trucks designed to operate with elevated operator position or with elevated load in a
                       free ranging mode (outside the guided stacking aisles) shall:
                       (a) be automatically prevented from travelling above 4 km/h when the operator
                           position or the lifting mechanism is elevated more than 500 mm above its lowest
                           position (see Figure 1);
                       (b) be automatically prevented from travelling above 4 km/h when the operator
                           position or lifting mechanism is elevated above 500 mm but not more than
                           2 500 mm above the lowest position, and restricted to creep speed (not more than
                           2-5 km/h) at these elevations when the steering is turned more than 10° from a
                           straight ahead position (see Figure 1);
                       (c) have traction automatically prevented or restricted to creep speed (not more than
                           2-5 km/h) when the operator position or the lifting mechanism is elevated more
                           than 2 500 mm above its lowest position (see Figure 1);
                       (d) except at creep speed have traction automatically prevented when the load
                           elevating mechanism is being operated.
           11.1.1.3.   When any part of a truck mechanism is able to intrude laterally, into the racking
                       space, a device or devices shall be provided that prevents such movements while the
                       truck is travelling, lifting or lowering, and similarly prevent travelling except at creep
                       speed (not more than 2-5 km/h), when the mechanism is extended or extending.
           11.1.1.4.   At lift heights, where truck travel is restricted to creep speed (not more than 2-5
                      km/h), acceleration shall be automatically reduced to a rate not more than the
                       maximum deceleration permitted by the manufacturer for that elevation.
           11.1.2.    Service brakes
           11.1.2.1.  For operations outside the. guided stacking aisles, with the operator position or lifting
                      mechanism not more than 500 mm above its lowest position, the brake drawbar drag
                      shall comply with the requirements of 10.3.1, Group A, or alternatively the
                      travel speed shall be automatically reduced to not more than 9 km/h (see Figure 1).
           11.1.2.2.  When the operator position or the lifting mechanism is positioned more than 500
                      mm above its lowest position, both within the guidance aisles and free-ranging,
                      provided the braking capability is automatically related to speed, the brake drawbar
                      drag 'F' (10.3.1) may vary simultaneously with the speed in accordance with the
                      formulae.
           11.1.3.    Safety requirements
                      All controls and their mechanisms and systems that initiate movements shall be
                      biased to the safe position (movements stopped) and designed to fail-safe. Where
                      such an arrangement is not reasonably practicable, a warning system shall be fitted to
                      indicate failure.
           11.2.      Specific requirements for trucks with elevating operator position
           11.2.1.    Speed
                      Trucks with an elevating operator position shall be so designed that their travelling
                      speed in the laden condition when operating on level ground does not exceed 16
                      km/h (see Figure 1).
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                    N o C 165/37
         11.2.2.   Traction brakes
         11.2.2.1. Service brakes and parking brakes may be operated by a common system. Where this
                   arrangement is used, failure of the system shall result in application of the brakes.
         11.2.2.2. Service brakes and parking brakes may employ common mechanical arresting
                   equipment (e.g. brake-shoes, cams and cam levers).
         11.2.2.3. Brake actuation shall be by a control normally biased to the 'brake-on' position.
                   Removal of the operating force shall automatically apply the brakes to give a
                   drawbar drag consistent with stability (10.3.1, Group D). The extra braking required
                   to operate above 9 km/h need not be so biased (11.1.2.1).
         11.2.2.4. Brakes may be power-assisted, but it shall be possible to obtain the minimum braking
                   specified in 10.3.4.1 (c) in the absence of the power-assistance source.
         11.2.3.   Operating position
         11.2.3.1. The operator's position on trucks designed to operate above 1 2 m shall be provided
                   with guard rails in accordance with the requirements laid down in 10.10.3.4.
         11.2.3.2. Gates, doors, etc., shall be capable of opening only inwards, upwards and sidewards,
                   and should preferably be self-closing. When the truck is designed to elevate the
                   operator's position above 1 2 m, the gates, doors, etc., shall have a mechanism that
                   prevents traction and elevation movements when the gates, doors, etc., are not
                   properly in place.
         11.2.3.3. In 'walk-on' type order-picking trucks where a pallet, etc., may be used as a walking
                   surface, means shall be provided to prevent its inadvertent displacement. In addition,
                   'walk-on' type order-picking trucks elevating above 1 2 m from the ground shall be
                   provided with means to prevent the operator falling from the platform when the
                   pallet is not in place.
         11.2.3.4. For 'walk-on' type order-picking trucks (11.2.3.3), where the operator position may
                   be raised to heights of more than 1 2 m, the guard rails specified in 11.2.3.1 shall be
                   extended to encompass the whole of the area accessible to the operator (and assistant
                   if permitted by the design).
         11.2.3.5. Where the enclosure of the operator position is such that an operator could become
                   trapped, either the doors shall be designed to facilitate release from the outside or an
                   alternative means of egress/access, such as a roof trapdoor, shall be provided.
         11.2.3.6. The floor of the operator's platform shall be approximately horizontal, slip-resistant
                   and, if primarily for outside use, designed to prevent the accumulation of water.
                   It shall be capable of withstanding a pressure of 1 800 N / m 2 and a mass of 100 kg
                   distributed over an area of 0 16 m 2 at any part of its surface.
                   Where the floor is provided with glazing, it shall be of equivalent strength to the floor
                   or be protected to a standard at least equivalent to the floor.
                   Where grated flooring is used, the holes or openings shall not allow a 20 mm
                   diameter sphere to pass through. The section of each opening shall in no case exceed
                   400 mm 2 .
         11.2.3.7. The materials used in the construction of the operator position shall be difficult to
                   ignite.
         11.2.3.8. Where the sides of the operator's platform are fitted with glazing, the protection
                   specified in 11.2.3.1 shall be extended across the glazing as appropriate.
         11.2.4.   Overhead guard
                   An overhead guard meeting the requirements of 10.10.1 shall be fitted above the
                   operating position. Alternatively, the requirement contained in 10.10.1.3.2 may be
                   waived if an elevating arresting device is fitted on top of the overhead guard or on the
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/38                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                                     2. 7. 79
                                    roof of the cabin. On hydraulic lifting mechanisms the pressure limiter may be used
                                    for this purpose if the overhead guard is of an adequate strength.
            11.2.5.                 Safety devices and constructional           details
            11.2.5.1.               A device or devices shall be fitted, or the controls so arranged to ensure that the
                                    operator (and his assistant if permitted by the design) ( ') are safely within the con-
                                    fines of the cabin or platform before any movements of the truck or platform can be
                                    initiated by the operator, and also to ensure that he/they cannot reasonably extend
                                    beyond the confines of the cabin or platform without cancelling truck movements.
            11.2.5.2.                Where the operator elevating mechanism employs wire ropes or chains, a slack wire
                                    rope or chain detecting device shall be fitted which automatically suspends the
                                    downward motion of the elevating mechanism of the operating position until fault
                                    conditions are corrected and the detecting/safety mechanism is reset.
                                    The elevating mechanism shall be arranged to prevent wire ropes becoming
                                    entangled, twisted and displaced from their normal operating position.
            11.2.5.3.               The aggregate breaking load of the set of chains or wire ropes, as certified by the
                                    chain or wire rope manufacturer, shall be at least for chains 10 times ( and for wire
                                    ropes 12 times the static operating load supported by all the chains or wire ropes
                                    together.
            11.2.5.4.               Safety of lifting equipment.
            11.2.5.4.1.             The truck shall be equipped with a device to prevent the operating position
                                    plummetting in the event of a breakdown or malfunction of the lifting system.
            11.2.5.4.2.             The requirements of 11.2.5.4.1 are considered to be fulfilled if one of the following
                                    precautions are taken:
            11.2.5.4.2.1.           — there is a catching mechanism provided,
                                    — if at least one chain or one wire rope is used to ensure operation of the catching
                                         mechanism. This (these) shall comply with the requirements of 10.8.1.1 and
                                         10.8.1.2 respectively.
                                    These shall be in a no-load condition during normal operating conditions. The
                                    attachment point(s) shall be so designed as to be compatible with the shock of the
                                    safety device coming into action.
                                    It shall not be possible for the operator to disengage this mechanism unless the
                                    descent rate is limited to 0 6 m/s.
            11.2.5.4.2.2.           Fully hydraulic lifting equipement
                                    A device shall be provided which prevents descent in the event of a pipe fracturing or
                                    a hose bursting. This device shall be either attached to or incorporated in the lift
                                    cylinder.
           11.2.5.4.2.3.            Combined lifting systems (hydraulic and mechanical):
                                   — the devices mentioned in 11.2.5.4.2.2 shall be applied to the hydraulic lifting
                                        mechanism,
                                   — the mechanical lifting system shall have at least two identical chains or wire ropes
                                        whose safety factor shall comply with the requirements of 11.2.5.3.
                                    The load shall be uniformly distributed between the chains or the wire ropes.
                                    All effective steps shall be taken to ensure that in the event of breakage of one or
                                    more chains or wire ropes, the arrangement of the chain(s) or wire rope(s) and their
                                    anchorages remaining in use should be maintained without bringing about any
                                    deformation of the basic components of the appliance. The breakage of one chain or
                                   wire rope shall cause stopping of the movement which is taking place.
           11.2.5.5.                Where two control positions are embodied, one on the elevating section and one on
                                   the fixed section, it shall be necessary to prevent actuation of the fixed section
           (') Where an order-picking truck is fitted with multiple manning security devices, a lock-out master switch may be fitted to permit
               variations of the manning team. The switch shall be lockable by a key different to any other used on the truck.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                    No C 165/39
                    controls before the elevating section controls are operative. However, the emergency
                    lowering requirements specified in 11.2.5.8 shall still be applicable.
                    The fixed section control position shall be located clear of the area occupied by the
                    elevating section control position when lowered.
         11.2.5.6.  The, energy source (normally the battery) shall be capable of being reliably
                    disconnected from the truck traction, lifting and load manoeuvring systems by a
                    means within easy reach of the operator regardless of the position of the operating
                    cabin/head.
                    The system shall be so designed that no danger will result from interruption of the
                    power supply during descent.
         11.2.5.7.  Trucks that are designed to elevate the operator position above 2 5 rn shall be
                    provided with means by which the operator can reach the ground safely in the event
                    of the operator position becoming fixed in the elevated position.
         11.2.5.8.  Trucks designed to elevate the operator position above 2 5 m shall be fitted with an
                    emergency lowering control, operable from ground level even in the absence of any
                    energy source. The control position shall be carefully selected so as to avoid any risk
                    to the person who is operating from this position.
         11.2.5.9.  The lifting mechanisms shall be provided with travel limiting devices. One of these
                    devices shall be an obligatory mechanical stop which prevents the lifting mechanism
                    becoming disengaged at the top of its travel.
                    Means shall also be provided to prevent the operator's position being accidentally
                    disengaged from the lifting mechanism over the complete range of its movements.
         11.2.5.10. Trucks with an operator position designed to elevate above 2-5 m shall be fitted with
                    a warning light visible from ground level when the truck is lowering and travelling
         11.2.5.11. Trucks equipped with pneumatic tyres shall be fitted with a device or devices that
                    minimize inclination and prevent loss of stability in the case of tyre failure.
         11.2.6.    Information   plates
         11.2.6.1.  The capacity plate (10.1.2) shall clearly indicate not only the capacity/height
                    relationships but also heights at which brake drawbar drag changes are automatically
                    imposed.
                    The capacity plate shall be permanently fixed and be clearly readable by the operator
                    in his driving position.
         11.2.6.2.  In addition to the labelling requirements in 10.1 and elsewhere, the truck shall be
                    fitted with a permanently fixed label clearly indicating the number of persons
                    permitted on the operator's platform while the truck is in use.
         12.        DOCUMENTATION — OPERATING AND SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS
                    Each powered industrial truck (or by agreement of the user, each group of trucks)
                    shall be accompanied by a book (or books) detailing full operating and servicing
                    instructions.
                    The documentation need not necessarily be supplied at the same time as the truck.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/40                                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                   2. 7. 79
                                                                        FIGURE 1
      Operation                In aisle                                                   Free ranging
      Speed Vj       Over                                                                                  Over          Over
                                                               Creep
                    9 km/h                up to                                  Up to        Up to       9 km/h      13-4. km/h
                                                          (not more than
                     up to               9 km/h                                 4 km/h       9 km/h        up to        up to
                                                             2-5 km/h)
              16 km/h max. (x)                                                                          13 4 km/h   16 km/h max.
      Elevation                Limited by stability only                     Over 500 mm               Up to 500 mm
                                                                                 to 2-5 m
      Steering                           Guided — U n l i m i t e d               ±10°                   Unlimited
      Minimum
      service
      braking          9%                                             10 Vi%                            1 86 Vi%         25%
      drawbar,
      drag, F
      Braking             .
      category      Special                                           Special                          Conventional Conventional
          (') For non-elevating seated operator the 16 km/h maximum speed does not apply.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                                              N o C 165/41
                                                                    Addendum A
                                                         DEFINITION OF CAPACITY
          1.               INTRODUCTION
                           This addendum defines 'rated capacity' which facilitates the comparison of
                           manufacturer's basic models. This rated capacity is related to a standarized lift height.
                           It also defines 'actual capacity' which relates to the rating of a truck when fitted with its
                           operational mast. This actual capacity is derived from the relevant standard stability
                           tests.
         2.                RATED CAPACITY
                           The manufacturer's rated capacity of a truck shall correspond to the maximum load
                           Q (J) which it is designed to carry and stack, on fork arms or platform, with a vertical
                           double mast, the maximum lift height of which is equal to the standard lift height 'IT, as
                           specified in point 3, and with a standard load centre distance 'D', as specified in point 4,
                           measured horizontally and vertically between the centre of gravity 'G' of the load and:
                           (a) the front face of the fork shank;
                           (b) the upper face of the fork blade (see Figure 1);
                           or equivalent dimensions in the case of trucks fitted with a platform.
                           Even if the truck does not utilize a double mast or does not lift to the standard lift height
                           'H' it shall still be given a rated capacity as if the mast was available.
                                                                       FIGURE 1
                                                               D = standard load centre distance
                                                               G = load centre of gravity, positioned in the longitudinal
                                                                       plane of symmetry between the mast uprights
                                                               H = standard lift height
                                                               Q = load
                                                 D
                                                                                                                        ET
                             H               Q
         (') When a truck embodies facilities for an elevated operator an allowance of 90 kg shall be included in addition to the rated load ' Q ' .
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/42                Official Journal of the European Communities                                     2. 7. 79
           3.   STANDARDIZED LIFT HEIGHTS
                The standardized lift height is fixed as follows:
                H = 2-5 m for pallet stackers and high-lift platform trucks having a width across fork
                       arms or platform up to and including 690 mm.
                H = 3 3 m for all other types of truck.
           4.   STANDARDIZED LOAD CENTRE DISTANCE
           4.1. For series-produced counter-balanced trucks up to a capacity of 10 000 kg, delivered to
                countries using the international unit system (SI), the standardized load centre distances
                used for rating shall be the following:
                                        Load Q                                   Standardized distances 'D'
                Up to but excluding 1 000 kg                                            400 mm
                From and including 1 000 kg up to but excluding
                5 000 kg                                                                500 mm
                From and including 5 000 kg up to and including
                10 000 kg                                                               600 mm
                — For all other trucks except side-loading fork-lift trucks, the standard load centre
                    distance used for rating shall be 600 mm.
                — Side-loading fork-lift trucks shall be rated at a load centre distance specified by the
                    manufacturer.
                — It is permissible to rate trucks for special applications with load centre distances
                    related to the application.
           5.   ACTUAL CAPACITY
                The acual capacity of a truck is derived from the appropriate stability tests and will vary
                with the different types and heights of mast fitted, and the different load centre distances
                (see point 4) used in rating. The rating shall be determined with standard fork arms or
                platform. Additional actual capacity ratings with removable attachments may also be
                established where permitted by the appropriate stability specification.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                                             N o C 165/43
                                                                        Addendum       B
                                                               CAPACITY PLATE DATA
          1.                        INTRODUCTION
                                    This addendum is to facilitate the uniform provision of information on capacity
                                    plates.
                                   The derivation of the capacity data is covered in Addendum A.
         2.                        RATED CAPACITY
                                   The rated capacity may be shown on the capacity plate and/or the identification
                                   plate.
                                   When shown on the capacity plate the rating shall be in kilograms and shall be
                                   entered in such a way that it is not confused with the actual capacity entries.
                                                                       e.g. 'Rated capacity = 6 000 kg'.
                                   When shown on the identification plate it may form part of the manufacturer's model
                                   designation and may be expressed in tonnes or kilograms.
                                                                            e.g. 'Model No XYZ/6-0'.
         3.                        ACTUAL CAPACITY
                                   The actual capacities, lift heights and load centre distances to be shown on the
                                   capacity plate shall comply with the following requirements:
          3.1.                      The actual capacity at the truck maximum lift height and the standardized load
                                    centre distance shall always be shown.
                                   Actual capacities of one or more other load centre distances shall also be shown if the
                                   truck design permits (1).
         3.2.                      When it is permissible to lift actual capacities greater than those in 3.1 to truck lift
                                   heights less than the maximum, these shall be shown at the associated lift heights and
                                   standardized load centre distance.
                                   Actual capacities at one or more other load centre distances shall also be shown if the
                                   truck design permits (1).
         3.3.                      For special applications other actual capacities and load centre distances may also be
                                   shown.
         4.                        ATTACHMENTS
                                   When a truck is fitted with one or more removable load-handling attachments as
                                   original equipment, the truck shall carry capacity information additional to that
                                   required in point 3. The actual capacities, lift heights and load centre distances with
                                   each attachment fitted shall be shown as follows:
         4.1.                      The actual capacities at the truck maximum lift height (if the truck design permits,
                                   otherwise at the maximum permitted lift height) and the designed load centre
                                   distances shall always be shown.
         4.2.                      When it is permissibile to lift actual capacities greater than those in 4.1. to truck lift
                                   heights less than the maximum, these shall be shown at their associated lift heights
                                   and designed load centre distance(s).
                                   In addition, the capacity plate shall clearly identify the attachment to which the ratings
                                   apply.
         (') The additional load centre distance(s) shall preferably be standardized load centre distances and for trucks delivered in countries using
             SI units, one of these distances, if not already included, shall be 600 mm.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/44          Official Journal of the European C o m m u n i t i e s                       2. 7. 7 9
            5. UNITS
               The units (SI) used to express the ratings shall be:
               — lift height: millimetres (mm),
               — load: kilograms (kg),
               — load centre distance: millimetres (mm).
            6. MARKING
               The details entered on the capacity plate may be in the form of a table or diagram.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                    No C 165/45
                                                  Addendum    C
                                     SPECIFICATION OF CONNECTORS
         1.       SPECIFICATION
         1.1.     Number of models
                  This specification applies to three models, defined by their nominal current in amperes:
                  80, 160 and 320 amperes.
         1.2.     Definitions
         1.2.1.   Nominal current
                  The nominal current is the current in amperes that the connector is able to carry
                  continuously without exceeding the allowable temperature rise indicated in 1.3.8.
         1.2.2.   Emergency current
                  The connector is not meant to break a current during normal use. The emergency current
                  is the maximum current that the connector is able to break in case of a disconnection
                  necessitated by exceptional or dangerous circumstances.
         1.2.3.   Voltages
         1.2.3.1. Maximum voltage
                  The connectors shall be capable of being operated up to a maximum voltage of 150
                  volts, direct current; the maximum voltage shall be marked on the outside of the
                  connect or (1.3.11).
         1.2.3.2.  Operating voltages
                  The nominal voltages of traction batteries shall not exceed 96 volts.
         1.3.     Manufacturing details
                  Each connector shall comprise two connectable halves. Each half shall be capable of
                  being fitted with a mounting bracket.
         1.3.1.   Casings
                  The casings shall be of adequate mechanical strength, fire resistant, non-absorbant and
                  resistant to acid, battery gas and dilute bases (e.g. salt). They should be able to be
                  coloured in all the normal colours.
         1.3.2.   Contacts
                  Each half-connector shall comprise two main contacts. Provision shall also be made for
                  two auxiliary contacts. All these contacts shall be adequately protected against corrosion.
                  On all three models of connector the auxiliary contacts shall be able to carry a current of
                  20 amperes. They shall not make contact until after connection of the main contacts.
         1.3.3.   Mechanical parts
                  Mechanical parts shall be adequately protected against corrosion.
         1.3.4.   Non-reversibility
                  The casings shall have incorporated a non-removable device ensuring                     the
                  non-reversibility of the two half-connectors to prevent any reversal of polarity.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/46                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                 2. 7. 79
            1.3.5.   Insulation
                     When the two half-connectors are separated, the contacts or current carrying parts shall
                     not be able to come in contact with any metallic parts.
                     The insulation should be capable of withstanding temperatures from + 90 to - 20 °C.
                     Considering that the maximum temperature should not exceed 90 °C, the internal and
                     external insulating materials can be chosen from class Y or higher, of recommendation
                     N o 85 of the International Electrotechnical Commission (1957).
            1.3.6.   Degrees of protection
            1.3.6.1. When the two half-connectors are coupled:
                     — the assembly shall be protected against accidental contact of persons with live parts
                           and against the introduction of middle-sized foreign bodies,
                     — the assembly shall be protected against the introduction of liquids when this assembly
                           is tested in its normal operating attitude.
            1.3.6.2. The half-connector connected permanently to the battery shall be protected against the
                     accidental contact of persons with live parts and against the introduction of middle-sized
                     foreign bodies.
                     These various protections shall conform to the degree of protection of Cenelec
                     publication H D 365, namely:
                     IP 2 * — Protection against the contact of fingers with live parts. Protection against the
                                  penetration of middle-sized foreign bodies.
                     IP 3 * — Water falling in rain at an angle equal to or smaller than 60° (about 1 rad)
                                  with respect to the vertical shall have no harmful effect.
            1.3.7.   Coding
                     Each connector shall be arranged to be fitted, if needed, with coding means preventing
                     the connection of a male half-connector with a female half-connector meant to operate
                     on another voltage.
            1.3.8.   Temperature      rise
                      The contacts, cable connecting parts, casings and mechanical parts, shall be able to
                      withstand a maximum temperature of 90 °C (i.e. a temperature rise of 65 °C above an
                      ambiant temperature of 25 °C). The final temperature should never exceed 90 °C in cases
                      of special operating conditions such as higher ambient temperatures, use of cables of
                      smaller section, etc.
                      They should also be able to withstand a minimum temperature of — 20 °C.
            1.3.9.    Cables
                      The two half-connectors should be connected to the battery and to the truck equipment
                      (or to charging circuits) by cables.
                      T h # following table indicates, for the three models of connectors, the maximum section
                      of copper cables.
                      Nominal current (in amperes)                       80           160          320
                      Maximum cable section (in mm 2 )                   16            35           95
                     Note:
                     Variations may be required if aluminium cables are used.
            1.3.10.  Locking/manoeuvrability
                     Any two half-connectors when joined shall be capable of being secured together by a
                     locking device. This device shall be capable of being unlocked quickly in case of
                     emergency.
                     The two half-connectors shall be able to be separated easily in any position; one section
                     of the locking device to be fully dimensioned to ensure complete inter-changeability
                     between designs. A grip may be devised to allow connection or disconnection. This grip
                     may be combined with the locking device.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7 . 7 9                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                      N o C 165/47
            1.3.11.  Marking
                     All connectors shall bear legibly and indelibly the following marks:
                     — manufacturer's name or trademark,
                     — maximum operating voltage (i.e. 150 V),
                     — nominal current (in amperes) (i.e. 160 A),
                     — the signs ' + ' and      ' corresponding to the contacts to be connected with the positive
                          and negative poles of the battery.
            2.       TESTS O N PROTOTYPES
                     The following tests shall be carried out on the prototypes of the three models of
                     connectors. Mass-produced connectors shall be guaranteed as being able to pass the same
                     tests.
            2.1.     Temperature tests
                     The connector shall be connected by means of cables of the maximum allowable section.
                     Cables shall be connected by one of the methods recommended by the connector
                     manufacturer.
                     They should have a length of 2 m.
                     Tests shall be carried out under nominal current.
                     The test shall continue until temperatures are stable.
                     The rise in temperature shall be measured with thermocouples or by other methods of
                     equivalent precision. The use of ordinary thermometers is prohibited.
                     Temperatures and temperature rise shall not exceed the values mentioned in 1.3.8.
                     Temperature rises with cables of lower sections may be quoted.
           2.2.      Life test
                     Two half-connectors being normally coupled, without current, shall be separated, then
                     coupled again.
                     This test shall be repeated 5 000 times. After this test, the connector shall be able to pass
                     the temperature tests described in 2.1.
           2.3.      Test of disconnection under load
           2.3.1.    Test of disconnection   in overload conditions
                     An assembly of two coupled half-connectors shall be connected to a source of direct
                     current of 96 volts through a circuit having an inductance of 0-50 ± 0-05 millihenrys.
                    The connector shall carry the following currents:
                    — model 80 amperes: 200 amperes,
                    — model 160 amperes: 400 amperes,
                    — model 320 amperes: 800 amperes.
                    After the current is established, it shall be broken by separating the two half-connectors.
                    This test shall be carried out five times consecutively.
                    After this test, the connector shall be inspected for damage, then coupled again and
                    submitted to the temperature test described in 2.1.
                    Failing to be able to couple or to pass the temperature test shall result in rejection.
           2.3.2.   Test of disconnection    under short-circuit conditions
                    An assembly of two coupled half-connectors shall be connected to a source of direct
                    current through an inductive circuit having an impedance such that the time constant of
                    the circuit is 15 milliseconds and the current to be broken shall be four times the nominal
                    current, when connected to a supply voltage of 96 volts.
                    The connector shall be capable of clearing any arcs which are drawn as a result of this
                    emergency disconnection. It is not imperative that the two halves of the connector should
                    remain serviceable after this test.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/48                Official Journal of the European Communities                                 2. 7. 7 9
           2.4. Immersion tests
                Two coupled half-connectors, without cables, shall be immersed for four hours in a solu-
                tion of sulphuric acid having a specific gravity of 1 10 ± 0-05 at ambient temperature.
                After rinsing in clear water and drying the two half-connectors should be able to mate
                correctly and to pass the temperature test described in 2.1.
                This test shall be repeated in the same conditions, using a solution of potassium
                hydroxyde (caustic potash) of specific gravity 1 10 ± 0 05.
                The coupled half-connectors should be also suspended in hydrogen gas for a period of
                not less than 48 hours prior to being subjected to the dropping test (2.6).
           2.5. Dielectric test
                Each half-connector without cables shall be able to withstand, for one minute, a
                sine-wave alternating current, with a frequency between 25 and 100 hertz and voltage of
                2 000 volts rms applied:
                — between the two main contacts,
                — between the auxiliary contacts, if any, and the main contacts,
                — between all the contacts and the metallic parts of the connectors and the metallic
                    parts fitted on the casing (if this casing is made of insulating material).
           2.6. Dropping test
                A half-connector shall be connected to two lengths of 1 5 0 m of cable of the maximum
                allowable section, the ends of which shall be located at 1 m above the ground.
                The half-connector shall be dropped from a height of 2 m on to a concrete floor.
                This test shall be carried out 25 times.
                After these tests, no part of the connector shall show any cracks or permanent
                deformation.
                The half-connector shall be able to mate correctly with another one.
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                     N o C 165/49
                                                   Addendum    D
         VALID OPERATING CONDITIONS FOR TRUCKS WITH ELEVATING OPERATOR POSITION
              AND TRUCKS SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TO TRAVEL WITH ELEVATED LOADS
         1.        Valid unrestrained operating conditions for trucks which elevate/orientate the load
                   and/or operator while travelling or travel with the load and/or operator elevated are:
                   (a) floors smooth and level, to the truck manufacturer's specification, and able to
                       support the mass of the truck, operator and load in operation;
                   (b) floors free from foreign bodies and material which could affect the operation/stability
                       of the truck;
                   and when in a guided mode (overturning forces unrestrained):
                   (c) guide rails or similar devices which do not permit the longitudinal axis of the truck to
                       deviate from the direction of the aisle by more than 2°.
                   Operating conditions other than the above shall be agreed between all interested parties.
         2.        RESTRAINED OPERATION
                   When a truck is restrained in its operating mode so that all overturning forces are
                   resisted by external means (e.g. by truck rollers running in restraining rails fitted to the
                   racking, the respective special stability tests for operation in the aisle are not necessary.
                   However, the forces generated in operation, as advised by the truck manufacturer, shall
                   be capable of being resisted by the equipment/devices of the static installation, and
                   disengagement of the equipment while operating elevated in the aisles shall be prevented.
         3.        AISLE CLEARANCE
                   When trucks are operated in their guided mode, the normal aisle safety widths associated
                   with conventional trucks no longer apply.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 165/50                             Official Journal of the European Communities                           2. 7. 79
                                                                ANNEX      II
           M A N U F A C T U R E R ' S (OR IMPORTER'S) CERTIFICATE O F C O N F O R M I T Y I N RESPECT O F
                                                P O W E R E D INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
           I, the undersigned
                                                                   (Surname and christian name)
           hereby certify that the powered industrial truck specified hereunder conforms in all respects to the
           requirements of the separate Directive
                                                        (Title and number of Directive)
            1. Category:
           2.   Manufacturer/importer:
           3.   Type:
           4.   Type number/serial number of powered industrial truck:
           5.   Year of manufacture:
            6. Any additional information:
           Date:                                       >.
                                                                                                (Signature)
                                                                                                 (Position)
 ---pagebreak--- 2. 7. 79                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                   N o C 165/51
                                                       ANNEX       III
                                                C O N F O R M I T Y MARK
                                             <D
         1. The conformity mark shall be clearly visible and indelible. It shall be affixed<sdirectly beside or on
            the descriptive plate.
         2. The dimensions of the mark shall be so selected that the information on the mark is clearly legible
            and visible. The actual diameter of the circle described about the mark shall be at least 15 mm.
         3. The upper half of the conformity mark shall contain the number '3', it being the designed number of
            this Directive.