CELEX: 51974PC2195(01)
Language: en
Date: 1974-12-20
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES RELATING TO CONSTRUCTIONAL PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

14. 4. 75                           Official Journal of the European Communities                             No C 82/91
             Proposals for Council Directives:
                I. on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to constructional
                   plant and equipment
               II. on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the measurement
                   of the sound level of constructional plant and equipment
              III. on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the permissible
                   sound level for pneumatic concrete-breakers and jackhammers
                      (Submitted  to the Council by the Commission        on 31 December      1974)
                                                            I
              Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
                      relating to common provisions for constructional plant and equipment
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                       constructional lifting will, if need be, form the subject
                                                               of special requirements;
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the
European Community, and in particular Article 100              Whereas the provisions relating to the road safety
thereof;                                                       of the constructional plant and equipment cannot be
                                                               issued until the technical and economic conditions
                                                               for approximation are brought together;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;
                                                               Whereas, for the effective protection of users and
Having regard to the Opinion of the European                   others, it is necessary to verify that the technical
Parliament;                                                    requirements have been observed; whereas the
                                                               existing inspection procedures differ from one Mem-
                                                               ber State to another and, in order to achieve free
Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and               movement of constructional plant and equipment
Social Committee;                                              within the common market and avoid multiple
                                                               inspections, which likewise hinder the free movement
                                                               of such plant and equipment, provision must be
Whereas, in each Member State, constructional plant            made for mutual recognition of inspections between
and equipment is required to have certain technical            the Member States;
characteristics which are laid down in mandatory
requirements; whereas these requirements differ from
one Member State to another; whereas these                     Whereas it is necessary, in order to facilitate mutual
differences hinder trade within the European                   recognition of inspections, to introduce adequate
Community;                                                     EEC type-approval procedures for constructional
                                                               plant or equipment;
Whereas such obstacles to the establishment and
functioning of the common market can be reduced                Whereas the national regulations relating to
and eliminated if the same requirements are adopted            constructional plant and equipment cover numerous
by all the Member States either in addition to or in           categories of plant and equipment with widely
place of their present laws;                                   varying uses; whereas it is therefore desirable to lay
                                                               down in this Directive the general provisions
                                                               governing the EEC type-approval procedures and to
Whereas the requirements of this Directive are                 define any different inspection procedures in
applicable to constructional plant and equipment,              subsequent special Directives; whereas the require-
and are aimed primarily at ensuring the protection             ments concerning the technical construction and
of the environment from airborne noise and safety              mode of inspection of each category of constructional
at work except where directly associated with lifting          plant and equipment or structural components
equipment; whereas building cranes and other                   thereof will be stated in special Directives;
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Whereas it is conceivable that constructional plant            2.2. 'EEC verification' means the procedure for
or equipment placed on the market may meet the                       confirming that any manufactured equipment
requirements of the relevant special Directives but                  or component thereof           conforms to the
nevertheless represent a hazard to health or safety,                 harmonized requirements and satisfies the checks
and it is therefore necessary to lay down a procedure                laid down in the relevant special Directive.
to reduce that risk; whereas considering that to take
into account and allow for technical progress, an                    Special Directives that provide for EEC
immediate adaption of the technical regulations                      verification will state whether such verification
defined in the Directives relative to the constructional             is to be carried out by the manufacturer on his
plant and equipment is necessary; whereas that in                    own responsibility or by the Member State and
order to facilitate the application of the necessary                 will lay down the procedure to be followed.
measures to this effect it will be suitable to provide
a procedure, setting up a close cooperation between
the Member States and the Commission within the                                         Article 3
Community for the adaptation of technical progress
of the Directives aiming at the elimination of
technical impediments to the free exchange of                                       Special Directives
constructional plant and equipment within the Com-
munity,                                                        3.1. The special Directives will specify the technical
                                                                      requirements for the construction and operation
                                                                      of the categories of equipment to which they
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:                                           refer, and will further state which of the two
                                                                      procedures, EEC type-approval or EEC verifi-
                                                                      cation, is applicable.
                       CHAPTER I
                                                                3.2. The      special   Directives   will  define the
                      DEFINITIONS                                     harmonized requirements which are applicable
                                                                      to all equipment, and in particular the
                                                                      requirements relating to safety at work and the
                         Article 1                                    method of measuring the sound level of noise.
                          Scope
                                                                                       CHAPTER II
 1.1. For the purposes of this Directive, 'construc-
      tional plant      and equipment' means all                       EEC TYPE-APPROVAL FOR EQUIPMENT
      machinery, appliances, equipment and instal-
      lations which are used, according to their type,
      to perform work on building sites, but are not                                     Article 4
      primarily intended for the transport of goods
      or persons.                                                          Application for EEC type-approval
 1.2. The following are excluded from the scope of              Application for EEC type-approval shall be
      this Directive: agricultural and forestry tractors        submitted by the manufacturer or his authorized
      and building cranes, except with respect to the           representative to a Member State. An application
      harmonized requirements concerning 'noise'                shall be accompanied by an information document,
      and 'road safety'.                                        the model of which will be given in each special
                                                                Directive, and by the documents referred to in the
                                                                information document. N o application in respect
                         Article 2                              of any one type of equipment may be submitted to
                                                                more than one Member State.
                       Definitions
                                                                                         Article 5
 For the purposes of this Directive:
                                                                                    EEC type-approval
 2.1. 'EEC type-approval' means the procedure
      whereby a Member State certifies that a type               5.1. Member States shall approve any type of
      of equipment conforms to the harmonized                          equipment which conforms to the harmonized
      requirements and satisfies the checks laid down                  requirements laid down in the relevant special
      in the relevant special Directive.                               Directive.
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5.2. The Member State shall complete all the sections               accompanied by a certificate of conformity to
     of the type-approval certificate, the model of                 a particular type does not conform to the type
     which is given in Annex I, for each type of                    which it has approved, it shall take the
      equipment which it approves.                                  necessary measures to ensure that production
                                                                    models conform to the approved type. The
5.3. The competent authorities of each Member                       competent authorities of that State shall advise
     State shall within one month forward to the                    those of the other Member States of the
     authorities in the other Member States a copy                  measures taken, which may, where necessary,
     of the information document and approval                       extend to withdrawal of EEC type-approval.
     certificate for each type of equipment which
      they approve or refuse to approve.                            The said authorities shall take like measures if
                                                                    they are informed by the competent authorities
5.4. The Member State which has granted type-                       of another Member State of such failure to
     approval shall take the necessary measures tQ                  conform.
     verify, if need be in collaboration with the
     competent authorities in the other Member                 8.2. The competent authorities of the Member States
     States, that production models conform to the                  shall within one month inform one another of
     approved type. Such verification will be limited               any withdrawal of EEC type-approval and of
      to spot checks.                                                the reasons for such a measure.
                         Article 6                                                      Article 9
                Certificate of conformity                                          Safeguard clause
6.2. The manufacturer or his authorized representative         9.1. If a Member State finds that an item of
     in the country of registration shall complete a                equipment may be a hazard to health or safety
     certificate of conformity, the model of which                  even though it conforms to the requirements
     is given in Annex II, for each item of construc-               of the Directive, that State may provisionally
     tional plant and equipment built in accordance                 prohibit the marketing of that equipment in its
     with the approved prototypes and for each                      territory. It shall forthwith inform the Com-
     harmonized requirement.                                        mission and the other Member States thereof,
                                                                    stating the reasons for its decision.
                       CHAPTER III
                                                               9.2. The Commission shall consult the Member
    HARMONIZED TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS                               States concerned within six weeks, and shall
                                                                    then deliver an Opinion without delay and take
                         Article 7                                   appropriate action.
                 Free movement clause                          9.3. Where the Commission is of the opinion that
                                                                    technical adaptations to the Directive are
7.1. No Member State may prohibit the sale, entry
                                                                     necessary, such adaptations shall be adopted by
     into service or use for its intended purpose of
                                                                    either the Commission or the Council under
     any new equipment on grounds relating to its
                                                                    the procedure laid down in Article 12. In this
     construction or operation where such equipment
                                                                    event, the Member State having adopted
     is accompanied by a certificate of conformity,
                                                                    safeguard measures may maintain them until
     the model of which is given in Annex II,
                                                                    such adaptations enter into force.
     confirming EEC type-approval and/or EEC
     verification.
                                                                                     CHAPTER IV
     A Member State may require that the certificate
     be expressed in its own national language when                    COMMITTEE O N THE ADAPTATION
     the equipment is offered for sale or sold to the                        TO TECHNICAL PROGRESS
     end consumer in its territory.
                                                                                       Article 10
                         Article 8
                                                               Any changes which are necessary in order to adapt:
       Failure to conform to an approval type
                                                               — Annexes I and II to this Directive, or
8.1. If the Member State which has granted EEC                 — the technical Annexes of the special Directives
     type-approval finds that an item of equipment                 referred to in Article 3,
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to take account of technical progress shall be adopted                    acted, the proposed measures         shall   be
in accordance with the procedure laid down in                             adopted by the Commission.
Article 12.
                                                                                      CHAPTER V
                        Article 11
                                                                        GENERAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS
11.1. A Committee on the Adaptation to Technical
       Progress of the Directives on the Removal of
                                                                                       Article  13
       Technical Barriers to Trade in the Construc-
       tional Plant and Equipment Sector, hereinafter
       called 'the Committee', is hereby set up; it                       Decisions, notifications, remedies
       shall consist of representatives of the Member
       States with a representative of the Commission          All decisions taken pursuant to the provisions
       as Chairman.                                            adopted in implementation of this Directive and
                                                               refusing or withdrawing EEC type-approval either
 11.2. The Committee shall adopt its own rules of              temporarily or finally, or prohibiting the sale, entry
       procedure.                                              into service or use for its intended purpose of an
                                                               item of equipment, shall state in detail the reasons
                                                               on which they are based. A decision shall be notified
                        Article 12                             by the Member State who has taken it to the party
                                                               concerned, who shall at the same time be informed
 12.1. Where the procedure laid down in this Article           of the remedies available to him under the laws in
       is to be followed, matters shall be referred to         force in the Member States and of the time limits
       the Committee by its Chairman, either on his            allowed for the exercise of such remedies.
       own initiative or at the request of the
       representative of a Member State.
                                                                                       Article  14
 12.2. The representative of the Commission shall
                                                                                   Entry into force
       submit to the Committee a draft of the
       measures to be adopted. The Committee shall
       deliver its Opinion on the draft within a time           14.1. The Member States shall adopt and publish
        limit set by the Chairman having regard to the                provisions containing the requirements needed
       urgency of the matter. Opinions shall be                       to    comply     with    this  Directive    before
        adopted by a majority of 41 votes, the votes                  31 December 1976 and shall forthwith inform
        of the Member States being weighted as                        the Commission thereof.
       provided in Article 148 (2) of the Treaty. The
        Chairman shall not vote.                                      They shall apply these provisions with effect
                                                                      from 1 July 1977.
 12.3. (a) The Commission shall adopt the measures
            envisaged where they are in accordance              14.2. Once notification of this Directive has been
            with the Opinion of the Committee.                        effected, the Member States shall, in sufficient
        (b) Where the measures envisaged are not in                   time to enable it to submit its comments,
            accordance with the Opinion of the Com-                   inform the Commission of all draft laws,
            mittee, or if no Opinion is adopted, the                  regulations or administrative provisions which
            Commission shall without delay propose                    they intend to adopt in the field covered by
            to the Council the measures to be adopted.                this Directive.
            The Council shall act by a qualified
            majority.                                                                  Article  15
        (c) If, within three months of the proposal
            being submitted to it, the Council has not          This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
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                                                             ANNEX    I
             MODEL OF AN EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR CONSTRUCTIONAL PLANT
                                       AND EQUIPMENT OR COMPONENTS THEREOF
             Name of the competent authority:
             Notification concerning the grant, refusal or withdrawal of type-approval in respect of the har-
             monized requirements:
             Type-approval No
              1. Trade name or mark
              2. Name and address of manufacturer
              3. If applicable, name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative
              4. Submitted for type-approval on
              5. In respect of the following harmonized requirement
              6. Test laboratory
              7. Date and number of laboratory report
               8. Date of grant / refusal / withdrawal of type-approval (*)
               9. The following documents, bearing the type-approval number shown above, are annexed
                   to this type-approval certificate
             10. Any additional information
                   Done at
                                                                        (Date)
                                                                                       (Signature)
             (x) Delete items not applicable.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 82/96                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                 14. 4. 75
                                                           ANNEX       II
            CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY IN RESPECT OF CONSTRUCTIONAL PLANT
                                  OR EQUIPMENT OR COMPONENTS THEREOF
            I, the undersigned,
                                                      (Surname and first name)
            hereby certify that the equipment specified hereunder:
            1. Category:
            2. Make:
            3. Type:
            4. Type serial number of equipment:
            5. Type serial number of chassis if different from that of the equipment:
            6. Year of manufacture
            conforms in all respects to the prototype (EEC type-approval) and harmonized requirements
            (EEC verification), as shown in the table below:
                                                                               In the case of EEC type-approval
                              Harmonized requirements
                                                                                  No                        Date
             Done at                                ,
                                                                  (Date)
                                                                                                   (Signature)
                                                                                                    (Position)
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                            Official Journal of the European Communities                          N o C 82/97
                                                            II
              Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the legislation of Member
              States relating to the measurement of the sound level for constructional plant and
                                                        equipment
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                                               Article 3
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the                    Member States shall not prohibit the sale, entry
European Economic Community, and in particular                  into service or use for its intended purpose of any
Article 100 thereof;                                            new equipment on           grounds    concerning the
                                                                measurement of sound level, if the grant of EEC
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;              type-approval with respect to the sound level is
                                                                confirmed by a certificate of conformity, the model
Having regard to the Opinion of the European                    of which is shown in Annex II to the Council
Parliament;                                                     Directive of
Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and
Social Committee;                                                                      Article 4
Whereas the permissible sound levels for construc-
                                                                The      amendments     necessary    to   adjust   the
tional plant and equipment and the method of mea-
                                                                requirements of the Annex to take account of
suring those sound levels differ from one Member
                                                                technical progress shall be adopted in accordance
State to another, and thus constitute a hindrance to
                                                                with the procedure laid down in Article 12 of the
trade in such constructional plant and equipment;
                                                                Council Directive of . . . . on the approximation of
whereas the relevant provisions must therefore be
                                                                the laws of Member States relating to common
approximated,
                                                                provisions for such equipment.
Whereas it is necessary, in implementation of the
Council Directive of                 to approximate the
                                                                                       Article 5
harmonized requirements as to the measurement of
the level of the airborne noise to which constructional
plant and equipment must conform in order that it can           5.1. The Member States shall adopt and publish
be freely imported, marketed and used, after having                  provisions containing the requirements needed
been subjected to prior examination and having                       to comply with this Directive before 31 December
obtained the appropriate certificates of conformity,                  1976 and shall forthwith inform the Commission
                                                                     thereof.
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
                                                                     They shall apply these provisions with effect
                        Article 1                                    from 1 July 1977.
This Directive applies to constructional plant and
                                                                5.2. Once notification of this Directive has been
equipment within the meaning of Article 1 of the
                                                                      effected, the Member States shall, in sufficient
Council Directive of               for which it is appro-
                                                                     time to enable it to submit its comments,
priate to fix limits for the sound level of airborne
                                                                      inform the Commission of all draft laws,
noise.
                                                                      regulations or administrative provisions which
                                                                      they intend to adopt in the field covered by
                         Article 2                                    this Directive.
The Member States shall approve any type of
equipment which complies with the specified limits
                                                                                       Article 6
in regard to sound level, provided that the latter
has been measured in compliances with the
requirements laid down in the Annexes hereto.                   This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/98                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                  14. 4, 75
                                                   ANNEX
           DETERMINATION OF AIRBORNE NOISE EMITTED BY CIVIL ENGINEERING
                         EQUIPMENT AND MACHINERY FOR O U T D O O R USE
                                          PART I: TEST M E T H O D
           1.       SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
           1.1.     Scope
           1.       This measurement method is applicable to the measurement of noise emission
                    from all types of machines and equipment used outdoors.
                    If, for any important reason, such as security, the test of a machine and/or a piece
                    of equipment in respect to the EEC type-approval of same cannot be executed in
                    accordance with the test method of part I, part II should be applied for the EEC
                    type-approval tests.
           1.2.     Field of application
           1.2.1.   Types of noise
                    Procedure are given in this method that are applicable to steady noise. These
                    procedures may also be applied to non-steady noise with the exception of an
                    isolated burst of sound energy or a burst train with a repetition rate less than 10 per
                    second. Requirements for the measurement of impulsive noise and noise containing
                    pure tones are given in clauses 6.2.3.1 and 6.2.3.2.
           1.2.2.   Size of source
                    For outdoor measurements in an open space, the size of the source is limited only
                    by the availability of an extended reflecting plane.
           2.       DEFINITIONS
           2.1.     Reflecting plane
                     See Annex A.
           2 2.      Surface sound pressure
                     For the purposes of this measurement method, the sound pressure averaged in
                     time on a mean-square basis and also averaged over the measurement surface
                     using the averaging procedures described in section 7.
           2.3.      Surface sound pressure level, L p
                     10 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the square of the surface
                     sound pressure to the square of the reference sound pressure. The weighting network
                     or the width of the frequency band used shall be indicated: for example, A-weighted
                     sound pressure level, octave band sound pressure level, one-third octave band
                     sound pressure level, etc.
                     The reference sound pressure is 20 /j, Pa. Unit: decibel (dB).
            2.4.     Sound power level, L w
                      10 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of a given sound power to the
                     reference sound power. The weighting network or the width of the frequency
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                 No C 82/99
                 band used shall be indicated: for example, A-weighted sound power level, octave
                 band power level, one-third octave band power level, etc. The reference sound
                 power is 1 pW ( = 10~12 W). Unit: decibel (dB).
                 Note: The mean sound pressure level at some reference radius is numerically
                         different from the sound power level and its use in lieu of the sound power
                         level is not recommended.
          2.5.   A-weighted sound power level, L W A
                 For the purpose of this measurement method, the noise emission of a machine
                 is characterized by the A-weighted sound power level.
          2.6.   Measurement surface
                 A hypothetical surface of area S enclosing the source and terminating on the
                 reflecting plane. On this surface the measuring points are located (see section 6.1).
          2.7.   Extraneous noise
          2.7.1. Background     noise
                 That noise at the measurement points which is not generated by the source under
                 test.
          2.7.2. Parasitic noise
                 Parasitic noise is all noise at the measurement points which is generated by the
                 source on test but not directly radiated by it.
          3.     ACOUSTIC E N V I R O N M E N T
          3.1.   General
                 Ideally, the test environment should be free from reflecting objects other than the
                 reflecting plane so that the source radiates into a free field over a reflecting plane.
                 There should be no reflecting object within three times the measurement distance
                 from the outer surface of the source.
                 The test environments which are suitable for measurements according to this
                 measurement method include a flat outdoor area with sufficiently low background
                 noise level.
          3.2.   Correction factor for the test environment
                 Annex A describes a procedure for determining a correction factor due to environ-
                 ment.
          3.3.   Criterion for background noise level
                 At the microphone positions the background noise levels shall be more than 6 dB
                 below the sound pressure level to be measured in each frequency within the fre-
                 quency range of interest.
                 Parasitic noise can be kept to a minimum by careful mounting of the machine on
                 test. This subject is detailed further in specific measurement documents.
          3.4.   Criteria for temperature and humidity
                 The air absorption in the test environment varies with temperature and humidity,
                 particularly at frequencies above 1 000 Hz. For measurements according to this
                 measurement method, the temperature and the relative humidity shall be controlled
                 during the sound pressure level measurements and held as nearly constant values
                 as practicable.
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             4.    INSTRUMENTATION
             4.1.  General
                   The instrumentation shall be designed to measure the mean-square value of the
                   weighted sound pressure level and the octave or one-third octave band levels,
                   averaged over time and over the measurement surface. Surface averaging is usually
                   carried out by measuring the time-averaged sound pressure levels with a prescribed
                   time constant for a fixed number of microphone positions (see clause 6.2) and
                   computing the average value according to clause 7.1.
             4.2.  The instrumentation used can perform the required time averaging in two different
                   ways:
                    (a) By continuous averaging of the squared signal using RC-smoothing with
                        a time constant T . Such continuous averaging provides only an approximation
                        of the true time average, and it places restrictions on the 'settling' time and
                        observation time (see clause 6.3.3).
                        Note: An example of an instrument employing such averaging is a sound
                               level meter that meets the requirements of IEC Publication 179, second
                               edition, 1973 with a 'slow' meter characteristic.
                    (b) By integrating the squared signal over a fixed time interval T    This integration
                         may be performed by either digital or analog means.
             4.3.   The microphone and its associated cable
                    A condenser microphone, or the equivalent in accuracy, stability and frequency
                    response, shall be used.
                    This requirement is normally met by a microphone of a standardized sound level
                    meter which complies with IEC Publication 179, second edition, 1973 and is cali-
                    brated for free-field measurements.
             4.4.   Weighting network, frequency analyzer
                    An A-weighting network meeting the tolerances of IEC Publication 179, second
                    edition, 1973 and/or an octave band or one-third octave band filter set meeting
                    the requirements of IEC Publication 225 shall be used. The centre frequencies
                     of the frequency bands shall correspond to those of ISO 226.
                    If other weighting networks are used in addition to A-weighting, the characteristics
                    of such networks shall be reported.
              4.5.   Calibration
                     During each series of measurements, an acoustical calibrator with an accuracy
                     of ± 0-5 dB shall be applied to the microphone for calibration of the entire mea-
                    suring system. The calibrator shall be checked annually to verify that its
                     output has not changed. In addition, an electrical calibration of the instrumentation
                     system shall be performed periodically.
              5.     INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF SOURCE
              5.1.   General
                     In many cases, the sound power emitted by a source depends upon its support
                     or mounting conditions as well as the manner in which the source is operated.
                     This section gives general recommendations concerning the installation and
                     operation of sources. More detailed information concerning installation and
                     operation of specific classes of sources are laid down in special Directives.
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                  N o C 82/101
                 The machine which is to be tested should be clearly identified together with any
                 components, sub-assemblies, auxiliary equipment, power sources, etc., belonging
                 to the machine under test. Machines with exchangeable tooling or equipment
                 should be tested either in their basic form or with the exchangeable parts fitted
                 as appropriate. The test result is valid only for the combination which has been
                 tested.
          5.2.   Source location
                 The source to be tested shall be installed and mounted with respect to the reflecting
                 plane as specified in Annex A in one or more positions that are typical of normal
                 usage, if practicable. If several possibilities exist, or if typical installation and
                 mounting conditions are unknown, special arrangements are to be made and
                 described in the test report. In locating the source within the test environment, it
                 is important that sufficient space be allowed so that the measurement surface can
                 enclose the machine according to the requirements of clause 6.1.
                 The source shall be located at a sufficient distance from any reflecting wall or
                 ceiling or any reflecting object so that the requirements given in the Annex are satisfied
                 on the measurement surface.
          5.3.   Auxiliary equipment
                 If possible, all auxiliary equipment necessary for the operation of the device under
                 test that is not a part of the source (see clause 5.1) shall be located so as not to
                 influence the result of the test.
          5.4.    Operation of source during test
                 During the acoustical measurements, the source shall be operated in a specified
                 manner typical of normal use. However, if not, one or more of the following
                 operational conditions may be appropriate. Normally these will be precisely
                  defined in the appropriate machine special Directive.
                  1. device under normal load operating at normal speed;
                 2. device under full load (if different from (1));
                 3. device under no load (idling);
                 4. device under operating condition corresponding to maximum sound generation.
                 The sound power levels of sources may be determined for any desired set of operat-
                 ing conditions (i.e., temperature, humidity, device speed, etc.). These test con-
                  ditions shall be selected beforehand and shall be held constant during the test. The
                  machine on test shall be in a stable operating condition before any noise measure-
                  ments are made.
          6.      DETERMINATION OF SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS ON MEASUREMENT
                  SURFACE
          6.1.    Measurement surface
          6.1.1.  General
                 The measurement surface encloses the source and terminates on the reflecting
                 plane. The shape of the measurement surface is geometrically related to the source.
                 The following shapes of measurement surfaces should be preferred (of Annex B):
                  (a) the rectangular parallelepiped;
                  (b) the hemisphere.
                 To define the measurement surface, a reference surface is established. This reference
                 surface is the smallest possible rectangular parallelepiped just enclosing the source
                 and terminating on the reflecting plane. When defining the parallelepiped, elements
                 protruding from the source which are unlikely to be radiators of sound power
                 may be disregarded.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/102                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                 14. 4. 75
                    The measurement surface (on which the microphone positions are located) is
                    related to the reference surface. • The measurement distance d characterizes the
                    spacing between the reference surface and the measurement surface.
            6.1.2.  Selection of measurement surface
                    For measurements on a series of similar sources (e.g. concrete mixers, compressors,
                    etc.), the use of the same shape of the measurement surface is strongly recommended.
                    Whenever a special Directive defines a method for a particular family of machines,
                    this is the only one to be used.
                    The construction of the reference parallelepiped, the size and shape of the measure-
                    ment surface and the measurement distance shall be described in the test report
                    and shall be laid down clearly in the special test code for the specific kind of
                    machinery.
                    The choice of the measurement surface shall be governed by the following con-
                    sideration :
                     (a) The rectangular parallelepiped is preferred when the dimension D of the
                          reference surface is equal to or larger than the measurement distance d, where:
                          ^         2 . .2 . .2. 1/2
                          D = (l x + 1 2 + 1 3 )
                           1 , 1 9 and 1 are length, width and height of the reference parallelepiped.
                          Note:      This measurement surface has proved applicable to families of machines
                                     which differ largely in size.
                     The area S of the measurement surface shall be calculated as:
                           s = 4 (ab + be + ac),
                          where: a = 0-5 1 + d
                                     b = 0-5 1 + d
                                     c =       13 + d
                           d is the measurement distance.
                      (b) The hemisphere with a radius R is preferred when the dimension D as defined
                           above of the reference surface is less than or equal to half the measurement
                           distance d. The measurement distance is given by:
                                              d = R — De
                                                    2            2
                           where D g = ((0-5 1^       + (0-5 1^    + 132) 1/2
                           Note:     The hemispherical measurement surface is suitable for the deter-
                                     mination of the directivity of the source if the measurement distance d
                                     is at least four times the major dimension D of the reference surface.
                           The centre of the hemisphere is the vertical projection on the reflecting plane
                           of the geometrical centre of the source (see Annex B).
             6.2.     Microphone array
                      The microphone positions shall be on the selected measurement surface as described
                      in details in Annex B.
                      Key points may be added in order that the distance between the measuring points
                      shall not be greater than the measuring distance.
             6.2.2.   Measurements      at the operator's position
                      If an operator, e.g. driver, is situated at a fixed place near the machine, sound
                      pressure measurement shall be carried out at a location at the height of his ears
                      and 20 i 2 cm in front of the centre of his head. However, in special Directives
                      more detailed guidance is given.
             6.2.3.   Detection of the nature of the noise emitted by the source
                      For environmental reasons it is useful to know the nature of the emitted noise
                      (ISO 1996). Therefore, it is necessary to determine a method to characterize an
                      impulsive noise and a noise with discrete tones.
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                 N o C 82/103
          6.2.3.1.  D e t e c t i o n of i m p u l s i v e n o i s e
                    The presence of impulsive noise may be detected by observing the time function
                    of the noise signal on the screen of an oscilloscope connected to the measuring
                    system. (The use of a camera or a storage oscilloscope will facilitate the observation).
                    In many cases, the comparison of the readings on a sound level meter on 'slow'
                    response with that of the sound level meter with 'impulsive' response (cf. IEC
                   .Publication 179 A (1973)) may be helpful in determining whether or not the noise
                    contains important impulsive components.
                    As an indication of the impulsive nature of the noise, according to this measurement
                    procedure, the difference in the mean-squared values of the A-weighted sound
                    pressure levels measured with the 'slow' and 'impulsive' response and averaged
                    in time, is to be taken. The value obtained with the 'impulsive' response is referred
                    to as 'impulsive sound pressure level'. This is to be determined at one of the measure-
                    ment positions on the measurement surface.
                    A noise is considered to be impulsive if the difference determined as described
                    above is greater than or equal to 2 dB.
          6.2.3.2.  D e t e c t i o n of n o i s e w i t h d i s c r e t e t o n e s
                    The presence of pure tones is detected according to clause 6.3, using a one-third
                    octave filter band.
                    A pure tone is present when the sound level in a one-third octave band exceeds
                    the sound level in the two adjacent bands by more than 5 dB.
                    When the frequency of a pure tone coincides with                 a cut-off frequency for the
                    one-third octave filters, a pure tone is present when            the sound level in the two
                    adjacent one-third octave filter bands containing the            frequency of the pure tone
                    exceeds the sound level of the one-third octave bands            which are adjacent to these
                    by more than 2 dB.
          6.3.      Conditions of measurement
          6.3.1.    General
                    Environmental conditions may have an adverse effect on the microphone used
                    for the measurements. Such conditions (e.g., strong electric or magnetic fields,
                    wind, impingement of air discharge (if any) from the equipment being tested,
                    high or low temperature) must be avoided by proper selection or placement of the
                    microphone. The microphone shall always be oriented in such a way that angle
                    of incidence of the sound waves is that for which the microphone is calibrated.
                    The sound pressure level shall be observed over a typical period of operation of
                    the source. Readings of the sound pressure level (corresponding to the mean-
                    square sound pressure level P av 2 ) shall be taken at each measuring point with
                    A-weighting.
                    The instrumentation used must comply with the requirements of section 4.
                    For A-weighted sound levels the period of observation shall be at least 15 seconds.
          6.3.2.    Measurements         with sound level meter
                    If a sound level meter is used, the 'slow' characteristic shall be used. When the
                    fluctuations of the indicating pointer on the sound level meter are less than rb 3 dB
                    using the 'slow' meter characteristic, the noise is considered to be steady for the
                    purposes of this measurement method and the level is taken to be the average of
                    the maximum and minimum levels during the period of observation. If the meter
                    fluctuations during the period of observation are greater than ± 3 dB, the noise
                    is considered non-steady and the procedures of clause 6.2.3.2 shall be applied.
          6.3.3.    Corrections for background             sound pressure levels
                    The measured sound pressure levels shall be corrected for background noise
                    according to Table 1.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 82/104                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 14. 4 . 7 5
                                                         TABLE 1
                               Corrections for background sound pressure levels
                      Difference (in decibels) between sound pressure      Correction (in decibels) to be subtracted from
                      level measured with sound source operating           sound pressure level measured with sound
                      and background sound pressure level alone            source operating to obtain sound pressure
                                                                           level due to sound source alone
                                               6                                                 1-0
                                               7                                                 1-0
                                               8                                                 1-0
                                               9                                                 0-5
                                              10                                                 0-5
             6.3.4. Correction for parasitic sound pressure levels
                    Correction is performed after isolating the source with screens. These screens
                    must have a minimum specific mass of 25 kg/m 2 and have a noise absorbant facing
                    the source.
             7.     CALCULATION OF SURFACE SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL AND SOUND
                    POWER LEVEL
             7.1.   Calculation of sound pressure level, L , over the measurement surface (surface
                                                                       p
                    sound pressure level)
                    For A-weighted sound pressure level and the level in each frequency band of
                    interest, a mean value L , shall be calculated from the measured pressure levels L .
                                                   p                                                                      pi
                    (after corrections are applied according to clause 6.3.4, if necessary) by using the
                    following equation:
                                                          "N
                                                       1             0-1 L
                                                                           Pi
                                      LD = 10 log                1 0                  K                                 (1)
                                                          Li = l
                    where L^       = surface sound pressure level, in decibels.
                                       Reference: 20 ^ Pa,
                           Lp.     = A-weighted or band pressure levels resulting from i t h measurement,
                                       in decibels. Reference: 20 n Pa,
                            N       = total number of measurements,
                            K       = environmental correction in decibels (see Annex A).
             7.2.   Calculation of sound power level
                    The sound power level produced by the source shall be calculated from the following
                    equation:
                                        L
                                          w   = r    + i° iogs/so
                    where L w        — A-weighted or band power level of the source, in decibels.
                                        Reference: 10"12 W,
                            Lp      = sound pressure le-vel over measurement surface determined according
                                        to clause 7.1, in decibels. Reference: 20 n Pa,
                            S       = area of measurement surface, in m 2 ,
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                Official Journal of the European Communities                                 N o C 82/105
               The area of the measurement surface S is calculated from the appropriate geometric
               formula (see clause 6.1.2).
               The area of the measurement surface may be approximated. An error of as much
               as 25% will correspond only to a difference of 1 dB in the calculated power level of
               the source.
          8.   INFORMATION T O BE RECORDED
               The following information, when applicable, shall be compiled and recorded for
               all measurements made according to the requirements of this measurement method.
          8.1.   Sound source under test
               (a) Description of the sound source under test (including dimensions).
               (b) Operating conditions.
               (c) Mounting conditions.
               (d) Location of sound source in test environment.
               (e) If test object has multiple noise sources, description of source(s) in operation
                    during measurements.
          8.2. Acoustic environment
               (a) Description of the test environment; sketch showing the location of source
                    with respect to reflecting objects and surrounding terrain, including physical
                    description of test environment.
                (b) Correction factor for the test environment according to Annex A.
               (c) Air temperature in degrees Celsius, barometric pressure in millibars and
                    wind velocity and direction.
          8.3. Instrumentation
               (a) Equipment used for the measurements, including name, type serial number
                    and manufacturer.
               (b) Bandwidth of frequency analyzer.
               (c) Frequency response of instrumentation system.
               (d) Method used to calibrate the microphones and the date and place of cali-
                    bration.
          8.4. Acoustical data
               (a) The shape of the measurement surface, the measurement distance, the location
                    and orientation of microphone positions or paths.
               (b) The area S of the measurement surface.
                (c) The corrections in decibels, if any, applied in each frequency band for the
                    frequency response of the microphone, frequency response of the filter in the
                    passband, background noise, etc.
               (d) The environmental correction K calculated according to one of the procedures
                    of Annex A.
               (e) The surface sound pressure level, L , calculated for weighted sound pressure
                                                          p
                    level (with A or other weighting) and the level in each frequency band of
                    interest, in decibels, with reference to 20 (i Pa.
               (f) The sound power level calculated from the surface sound pressure level for A
                    (or other) weighting and for all frequency bands used, in decibels, with reference
                    to 1 pW ( = 10"12 W).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/106                                Official Journal of the European Communities                             14. 4. 75
                              (g) The sound pressure level at the operator's place, if any.
                               (h) Where the difference between the A-weighted sound pressure level at one
                                     measuring point and the mean value of A-weighted sound pressure at all
                                     the measuring points in more than 5 dB, the number of the measuring point
                                     showing the highest sound pressure and the difference.
                                 (i) Remarks on subjective impression of noise (audible discrete tones, impulsive
                                     character, spectral content, temporal characteristics, etc.).
                               (j)   The date and time when the measurements were performed.
            9.                I N F O R M A T I O N T O BE REPORTED
                               Only those data recorded according to the requirements of section 8 shall be
                              reported which are required for the purposes of the measurements.
                              The report shall contain the statement that the sound power level have been
                              obtained in full conformance with the procedures of this measurement method.
                              The report shall state that these sound power levels are given in decibels re 1 pW.
            10.               REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
                              IEC Publication 225, 1966 — Octave, half-octave and third-octave band filters
                              intended for the analysis of sounds and vibrations.
                              IEC Publication 179, 1973, second edition — Precision sound level meters.
                              IEC Publication 179 A, 1973 — Precision sound level meters. Additional charac-
                              teristics for the measurement of impulsive noise.
                              ISO/R 266, 1962 — Preferred frequencies for acoustical measurements.
                              ISO 2204, 1973 — A guide to the measurement of acoustical noise and evaluation
                              of its effects on man.
                              IEC Publication 50 (08), 1966 — International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, second
                              edition, Group 08: Electroacoustics.
                              ISO 3740 — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources. Part 0: Guide-
                              lines for the use of basic standards and for the preparation of noise test codes (*).
                             CORRECTION FACTOR FOR T H E ACOUSTIC E N V I R O N M E N T
            A.l.               General
                              The test environment shall be free from reflecting objects with the exception
                               of the reflecting plane. An obstacle should be considered as sound-reflecting if its
                               size exceeds one-tenth of its distance from the source.
                               The absolute comparison test (see clause A.3) is carried out with a reference
                               sound source.
            A.2.              Properties of reflecting plane
                              Measurements will be made over a reflecting plane under free-field conditions.
                              When implementation of the test involves the use of a non-reflecting ground
                               surface (for example a grass surface) the corrections to be made in accordance
                              with clause A.3 should be obtained with the aid of a reference sound source placed
                              directly on the ground surface at the position to be occupied by the machine to
                              be tested.
                              Care is necessary to ensure that the plane does not radiate any appreciable sound
                              due to vibration.
            (') At present the stage of draft.
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                   Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n Communities                       N o C 82/107
                 The reflecting plane should not be smaller than the projection of the measurement
                 surface on the plane.
          A.3.   Absolute comparison test
          A.3.1. Procedure
                 A reference sound source with characteristics that meet the requirements of Inter-
                 national Standard 3741 (Annex B) shall be mounted in the test environment in
                 essentially the same position as that of the source under test.
                 The sound power level of the reference sound source is determined according
                 to the procedures of sections 6.0 and 7.0 using, if possible, the same measurement
                 surface as during the measurements of the machine under test. The environmental
                 correction K is then given by:
                 K =  L
                        W ~~ LWr
                 where L w = calculated band power level of reference sound source, using proce-
                                  dures of sections 6.0 and 7.0 in decibels,
                              = name plate band power level of reference sound source in decibels
                                  Reference: 1 pW.
          A.3.2. Procedure when source cannot be moved
                 If the source being evaluated cannot be removed from the test site to permi the
                 installation of the reference sound source, the measurement procedure may be
                 carried out for an equivalent location of the source on the same reflecting plane,
                 provided the environmental correction K for the source under test can be determined
                 at the equivalent location with an error not greater than 0-5 dB.
          A.3.3. Locations of reference sound source in test environment
                 One single location for the reference sound source is sufficient, even when very
                 large machines are to be tested, provided the ratio of the length of the machine
                 under test to its width is not greater than 2. If the ratio is greater than 2, the reference
                 sound source shall be operated on the floor at each of four points. Assuming the
                 projection of the source under test on the plane to be approximately rectangular
                 in shape, the four points are located at the midpoints of the sides of the rectangle.
                 To obtain Lw> the surface sound pressure level, Lp, shall be calculated with the
                 reference sound source located at each of the four points on the plane. At each
                 point on the measurement surface, the sound pressure level shall be averaged for
                 the four source locations on a mean-square basis, i.e., using equation (1) (see
                 point 7.1).
          B.l.   Recommended microphone array on the hemisphere (see clause 6.1)
                 Measurements shall be performed with 12 key points as described in figure 1
                 and Table 2.
                 The coordinates x, y, z of the key measurement points in meters defined in Table 2
                 depend only upon the radius R of the hemisphere used.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 82/108                 Official Journal of the European Communities                          14. 4. 75
                                                         TABLE 2
                                                     X            Y             z
                                       N
                                                     R            R             R
                                        1             1           0           1-5/R
                                        2            0-7          0-7         1-5/R
                                        3            0            1           1-5/R
                                        4          —0-7           0-7         1-5/R
                                        5          —1             0           1-5/R
                                        6          —0-7        —0-7           1-5/R
                                        7            0         —1             1-5/R
                                        8            0-7       —0-7           1-5/R
                                        9            0-65         0-27        0-71
                                       10          —0-27          0-65        0-71
                                       11          —0-65       —0-27          0-71
                                       12            0-27      —0-65          0-71
                  — If the part of the source taken into consideration does not exceed 4 m in any
                      of its dimensions, the measurement surface should preferably be a hemisphere
                      with a radius of 10 m.
                  — If, however, none of the dimensions of the source is greater than 1-5 m, the
                      measurement surface should be a hemisphere with a radius of 4 m.
             B.2. Recommended microphone array on the parallelepiped (see clause 6.1)
                  Measurements shall, in principle, be performed with nine key points as described
                  in figure 2.
 ---pagebreak---                                         No G 82/109
        Surface de mesure hemispherique
surface de mesure parallelipipedique
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/110                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 14. 4. 75
                                                    PART II: SURVEY METHOD
                       Measurement of sound emitted by machines and installations operating in the open
                       'Survey tests' defines the procedures for measuring to be applied for the checking
                       on material whose prototype has already been tested in accordance with the
                       measurement method described in part I.
                       If, for any important reason such as security, the test of a machine and/or a piece
                       of equipment in respect to the EEC type-approval of the same cannot be executc d in
                       accordance with the test method of part I, part II should be applied for the EEC
                       type-approval tests. The present survey method deviates from part I in the
                       following points:
            6.1.2.     Selection of measurement              surface
                       The measurement surface shall be the one which was used for the type-approval
                       tests (checking of the prototype). If this part is to be used for a type-approval test,
                       the special Directive shall give the required specification.
            6.2 and Annex B: Microphone array
                       For the hemisphere only the measurement points of the lower array shall be used,
                       i.e. eight points.
                       If no measurement surface has been specified for the machine to be tested, the
                       measuring points shall be located on a line encircling the machine at a distance of
                       8 m from the shape of the machine and at a height of 1-5 m. At least eight measuring
                       points should be provided.
            6.2.3.      Detection of the nature of the noise emitted by the source
                        Shall not be determined unless it is being demanded for reasons of environmental
                        protection.
            6.3.3.      Corrections for background              sound pressure levels
                        The measured sound pressure levels shall be corrected for background noise
                        according to Table 3
                                                                TABLE 3
                               CORRECTIONS FOR BACKGROUND SOUND PRESSURE LEVELS
                                                                              Correction (in decibels) t o be subtracted f r o m
                          Difference (in decibels) between sound pressure
                                                                              sound pressure level measured with sound
                          level measured with sound source operating
                                                                              source operating to obtain sound pressure
                          and b a c k g r o u n d sound pressure level alone
                                                                              level due to sound source alone
                                                   <3                                N o measurement possible
                                                      3                                              3
                                                   4 to 5                                             2
                                                   6 to 9                                             1
            6.3.5.      Correction f or parasitic sound pressure level
                        The parasitic noise as per 6.3.5 to be omitted.
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                 Official Journal of the European Communities                            No C 82/111
          7.2. Calculation of sound power level
               The sound power level expressed in dB shall be determined by the equation:
                            ± L § (see point 7.2 of part I). In cases where no measurement surface
               has been specified (either by the measurement method or by a special Annex) and
               the measurement points are located on a closed line of length U, the sound power
               level shall be determined by the following equation:
               L
                 w =        ±            dB      •
               where U is expressed in meters.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/112                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                       14. 4, 75
                                                         III
             Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of die legislation of Member
             States relating to the permissible sound level for pneumatic concrete-breakers and
                                                   jackhammers
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                     HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the                                            Article  1
European Economic Community, and in particular
Article 100 thereof;                                         This Directive applies to the permissible sound level
                                                             for pneumatic concrete-breakers and jackhammers.
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;
Having regard to the Opinion of the European                                             Article 2
Parliament;
                                                             2.1. The Member States shall approve, every type
Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and                  of pneumatic concrete-beaker or jackhammer
Social Committee;                                                 whose sound level, measured in the manner
                                                                  laid down in Annex I, does not exceed the
Whereas the construction and inspection of                        permissible sound level, which is determined by
pneumatic concrete-breakers and jackhammers in                    the weight of the machine and the date, as
the Member States are the subject of mandatory                    shown in the following table:
provisions which differ from one Member State to
and another, and consequently hinder trade in such                                                     Permissible sound level
pneumatic concrete-breakers and jackhammers;                                                                 (A-weighted.
                                                                                                           reference 1 pW)
whereas it is therefore necessary to approximate the                      Weight of concrete-
                                                                         breaker or jackhammer
laws in question;                                                                                        Up to         As from
                                                                                                     31 December      1 January
                                                                                                          1977           1977
Whereas the Council Directive of               on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States                     Less than 20 kg                      112 dB         107 dB
relating to common provisions for constructional
plant and equipment has laid down the procedures                   Not less than 20 kg and
for EEC type-approval; whereas it is necessary, in                 not more than 35 kg                  115 dB         110 dB
compliance with that Directive, to lay down the
harmonized requirements which each category of                     Over 35 kg                           118 dB         113 dB
equipment must satisfy;
Whereas certain Member States have notified the              2.2. An application for EEC type-approval in respect
Commission of draft texts relating in particular to               of the sound level of a pneumatic concrete-
the determination of sound levels for pneumatic                   breaker or jackhammer shall be accompanied
concrete breakers and jackhammers;                                by an information document conforming to the
                                                                  model shown in Annex II.
Whereas in view of the considerable effect of the
noise emitted by constructional plant and equipment          2.3. For each type of pneumatic concrete-breaker or
on worker safety and the environment, and having                  jackhammer which it approves, the Member
regard to the draft texts referred to above, action               State shall complete all the sections of the EEC
must be taken at Community level to bring about                   type-approval certificate, the model of which is
a progressive and appreciable reduction in the                    given in Annex II to the Council Directive of
permissible noise level for pneumatic concrete-
breakers and jackhammers;
                                                             2.4. For every pneumatic concrete-breaker or
Whereas, in order to take account of technical                    jackhammer built in conformity with the EEC-
progress, it is already necessary to reduce the                    approved type, the manufacturer shall complete
permissible    sound     level  with    effect    from            a certificate of conformity the model of which
1 January 1978 by 5 dB in relation to the level                   is given in Annex II to the Council Directive
permitted prior to that date,                                     of                and shall state:
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                          Official Journal of the European Communities                            N o C 82/113
     — in the 'harmonized requirement' column:                authorities authorized to carry out type-approval
          permissible sound power level . . . dB              examinations on pneumatic concrete-breakers or
                                                              jackhammers and to issue EEC type-approval
     — in the relevant columns:                               certificates with respect to the permissible sound
          EEC type-approval, followed by the number           level; it shall also forward a list of the recipients of
          and date of type-approval certificate.              the correspondence referred to in Articles 6, 8 and 9
                                                              of the Council Directive of . . .
2.5. Each pneumatic concrete-breaker or jackhammer
     built in accordance with the EEC-approved
                                                              Notice shall also be given of any changes in such
     type shall bear a clear, indelible and durable
                                                              lists.
     mark indicating the sound level guaranteed by
    > the maker and the weight of the device.
                                                                                        Article 6
                        Article 3
No Member State may prohibit, on grounds relating             6.1. The Member States shall adopt and             publish
to the permissible sound level, the sale, entry into                 provisions containing the requirements      needed
service or use for its intended purpose of any new                   to    comply     with     this  Directive    before
pneumatic concrete-breaker or jackhammer which is                    31 December 1976 and shall forthwith        inform
accompanied by the certificate of conformity referred                the Commission thereof.
to in Article 2.4 above, or which is marked as
described in Article 2.5.                                            They shall apply these provisions with effect
                                                                     from 1 July 1977.
                        Article 4
                                                              6.2. Once notification of this Directive has been
Amendments necessary to adjust the requirements                      effected the Member States shall, in sufficient
of the Annexes to take account of technical progress                 time to enable it to submit its comments, inform
shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure                    the Commission of all draft laws, regulations
laid down in Article 12 of the Council Directive of                  or administrative provisions which they intend
                                                                     to adopt in the field covered by this Directive.
                        Article S
                                                                                        Article 7
Each Member State shall communicate to the other
Member States and the Commission a list of the                This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/114                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                          14. 4. 75
                                                             ANNEX         I
                                                               SCOPE
            This method is applicable to pneumatic concrete-breakers and jackhammers; it lays down test
            procedures for the measurement of the sound level of these devices with a view to EEC type-
            approval. These procedures are in conformity with the requirements speciefied in the Annex to
            the Council Directive of . . . on the measurement of the sound level of constructional plant and
            equipment.
                        TEST M E T H O D FOR PNEUMATIC CONCRETE-BREAKERS AND
                                                         JACKHAMMERS
            The whole of the Annex to the Council Directive of . . . on the measurement of the sound level
            of constructional plant and equipment, is applicable to pneumatic concrete-breakers and jack-
            hammers subject to the special method of application described below:
            Articles 1 to 5.1: No change.
            Article 5.2: This Article is supplemented by the following text:
            5.2.          Supports
                          To ensure that the tests are completely reproducible, the machine must be coupled
                          during the test run to a tool embedded in a cube-shaped concrete block, fitting
                          very closely into a pit sunk in the ground.
            5.2.1.        Block characteristics
                          The block must be in the shape of a cube, 0-60 m at the edge and as regular as
                          possible; it must be constructed of reinforced concrete, thoroughly vibrated in
                          layers of up to 0-20 m to avoid excessive sedimentation.
                          C o m p o s i t i o n of t h e c o n c r e t e :
                          To   one sack of artificial Portland cement 250/315:
                          —   65 litres ungraded, non-calcareous sand with a grain size of 0-1 to 5 m m ;
                          —   115 litres non-calcareous gravel with a grain size of 5 to 25 m m ;
                          —   15 litres water;
                          —   1-5 litres hardener.
                          The cube must be reinforced by 8 mm steel rods without ties, each rod being inde-
                          pendent of the others; the design concept is illustrated in the schematic diagram
                          (first diagram).
             5.2.2.       Supporting        tool
                          The tool will be sealed into the block, and will consist of a standard rammer,
                          diameter 220 mm, and a tool chuck component identical with the standard model
                          but 0-20 m longer.
                          Suitable treatment must be carried out to integrate the two components. The tool
                          must be fixed in the block so that the bottom of the rammer is 0-30 m from the
                          upper face of the cube.
             5.2.3.       Positioning       of the cube
                           The cube must be set in a pit          cemented throughout, with its upper surface flush
                          with the ground. T o avoid any          parasitic transmission, the block must be insulated
                           against the bottom and sides of        the pit by suitable screens (cf. point 6.3.4 of part I).
                           In no case should the clearance        visible at ground level be more than 1 cm.
 ---pagebreak--- 14.4. 75                           Official Journal of the European Communities                               N o C 82/115
         Article 5.3: N o change.
         Article 5.4: This Article is supplemented by the following text:
                       OPERATION OF CONCRETE-BREAKERS AND JACKHAMMERS
                                                  DURING TESTING
         5.4.           The operation of the machine must have the same acoustic stability as in normal
                        service, and must satisfy the following requirements:
                        The machine must operate at a working pressure of 600 kPa or at the nominal
                        pressure if this is considered more normal. During the tests, the air pressure must
                        be measured whilst the machine is in operation. The machine must operate nor-
                        mally: any hindrances to the air exhaust, such as icing up, are to be avoided. The
                        type, quality and quantity of the lubricating oil used should comply with the
                        manufacturer's recommendations.
         5.4.1.         Test set up
                        The machines must run unattended by an operator in the manner described below:
                        (a) the machine must operate in an upright position on the device described in
                            paragraph 5.2, which will be provided with a tool shank of the correct size for
                            attachment to the machine;
                        (b) the machine must be firmly held down by calibrated springs in order to give
                            the same stability that exists under ordinary operating conditions when the
                            pick is embedded in the concrete before it fractures;
                        (c) the following measurements will be observed:
                             — geometrical centre of the machine: 1 m from the ground;
                            — distance from the tip of the machine to the ground: 0-10 m to 0-20 m depend-
                                ing on the spacer used in the machine.
         5.4.2.         Pressure control
                        Since the machine has to operate at 600 kPa, or at its nominal pressure if this is
                        different, the pressure must be checked at the inlet of the coupling through which
                        air is supplied to the machine.
                        The pressure can be checked by means of a dial pressure gauge, but in view of the
                        pulsation of the machine it is preferable to use an arrangement consisting of an air
                        receiver of 50 to 100 litres capacity, supplied by a conventional tube 20 m in length
                        and 19 mm in diameter. The machine will be supplied from this receiver through
                        a tube of 25 to 30 mm diameter and 3 m in length, connected to the coupling — this
                        will avoid a drop in pressure. The pressure inside the receiver can be measured
                        through a tapping point.
                        The pressure can be adjusted either through the outlet valve on the compressor,
                        or by leaking pressure from the tank through an adjustable silencer.
                        A schematic diagram illustrating this device is given in the second diagram.
         Article 6.1.1: N o change.
         Article 6.1.2: This Article is supplemented by the following text:
         6.1.2.         Selection of measurement      surface
                        The measurement surface to be used for this test is a parallelepiped whose dimensions
                        and location in relation to the device are specified in paragraph 6.2.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 82/116                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                14. 4. 75
             Article 6.2: This Article is replaced by the following text:
             6.2.           Location of microphone
                            For each machine there shall be five positions located 1 m from the machine on a
                            plane passing through its geometrical centre and perpendicular to the principal
                            axis of the machine. The fifth position must be located at a distance of 1 m from
                            the main contour of the machine on its principal axis and at the opposite end to
                            the tool (third diagram). The air exhaust axis of the test machine must be equi-
                            distant from two measurement points (air exhausted directly on to a microphone
                            distorts the measurement, which consequently has to be abandoned). Avoid placing
                            the microphone between the machine and the reflecting surface. Under no circum-
                            stances should less than four microphone positions be used in carrying out the test.
                            If a machine can be used either vertically or horizontally, preference must always
                            be given to the position giving the simplest air-feed system and to the most straight-
                            forward acoustic environment. To ensure at least four microphone locations, it
                            may be necessary to select other positions than those indicated above; these should
                            be spaced as evenly as possible around the machine, and clearly illustrated in the
                            test report.
                            To ensure that the measurements are reproducible, all percussion tools must be
                            tested in the vertical position whenever possible.
                            If the test set-up so requires, the machine may be pivoted in relation to the micro-
                            phone instead of adjusting the microphone in relation to the machine.
             Article 6.2.2: This Article is supplemented by the following text:
             6.2.2.         Measurement at the operating position
                            The fifth position, which is defined under paragraph 6.2 above, is considered
                            representative of the operator's position.
             Articles 6.2.3 to 10 and Annex A: No change.
             Annex B and part II: 'On-side methods' need not be taken into consideration.
 ---pagebreak--- 14.4.75       Official Journal of the European Communities No C 82/117
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 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/118 Official Journal of the European Communities 14. 4. 75
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 ---pagebreak---           Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s
 Measurement of noise emitted by concrete-breakers and jackhammers
                                                                              1m
                                                                       0,10 - 0,20 m
lm
                Location of measurement points
 ---pagebreak--- No C 82/120                        Official Journal of the European Communities                          14. 4. 75
                                                          Appendix
                        MODEL OF TEST REPORT FOR PNEUMATIC JACKHAMMERS
                                             AND CONCRETE-BREAKERS
                 TEST REPORT FOR CONCRETE-BREAKERS AND JACKHAMMERS (NOISE)
            1. Test piece
               Manufacturer:
               Model:                                               Series N o :
               Nominal consumption:
               Principal dimensions:                                Weight: ...
               Description:
            2. Operating conditions
               Striking speed:                 strikes/sec.     Operating pressure:              pascals
                                                     3
               Air consumption:                    m /sec.
               — Type of silencer used:
            3. Test conditions
               Barometric pressure:                                Ambient temperature:
               Composition and dimensions of reflective plane:
               Remarks:
            4. Equipment
               Microphone:                                          Series No
               Sound level meter:                                   Series No
               Octave band analyzer:                                Series No
               Calibrating equipment:                               Series No
               Miscellaneous (e.g. wind shield or recorder):
                                                                     Series No
                  Diagram showing microphone locations, the direction of discharge and the distance
                  of large objects situated less than 25 m from the test machine
                  Average sound intensity level:
                  Sound intensity level measured at location No 5:
                  Sound level of background noise measured
                  at location No                                   of the microphone:
               The test results are given in the annexed table.
               Report prepared by:                                  Date:
               Approved by:                                         Date:
 ---pagebreak--- 14. 4. 75                         Official Journal of the European Communities             N o C 82/121
                                                       TABLE
              Micophone location                 1            2          3            4  5
             Sound pressure level
              Correction for back-
             ground noise
              Correction for screen
              Corrected sound
             pressure levelN
                                                     ANNEX II
          MODEL OF INFORMATION DOCUMENT FOR A TYPE OF PNEUMATIC CONCRETE-
          BREAKER/JACKHAMMER WITH RESPECT TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL OF THE
                                           PERMISSIBLE SOUND LEVEL
          0. General
             0.1. Make (name of undertaking.)
             0.2. Model and commercial description (mention any variants).
             0.3. Type.
             0.4. Category.
             0.5. Name and address of manufacturer.
             0.6. Name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative (if any).
             0.7. Location of statutory plates and inscriptions and method of fixing.
          1. Dimensions
             1.1. Total weight:                 kg.
          2. Operation
             2.1. Operating pressure:                pascals.
                                              3
             2.2. Air intake:               m /sec.
             2.3. Striking speed:                strokes/sec.