CELEX: 51980PC0108
Language: en
Date: 1980-03-17
Title: Proposal for a COUNCIL DIRECTIVE amending Directive 78/170/EEC on the performance of heat generators for space heating and the production of hot water in new or existing nonindustrial buildings and on the insulation of heat and domestic hot-water distribution in new nonindustrial buildings (submitted to the Council by the Commission)

ARCHIVES HISTORIQUES
DE LA COMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEE DES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM (80) 108
Vol. 1980/0035
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concernant l'ouverture au public des archives historiques de la Communauté économique
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p. 1), tel que modifié par le règlement (CE, Euratom) n° 1700/2003 du 22 septembre 2003
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In accordance with Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 354/83 of 1 February 1983
concerning the opening to the public of the historical archives of the European Economic
Community and the European Atomic Energy Community (OJ L 43, 15.2.1983, p. 1), as
amended by Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1700/2003 of 22 September 2003 (OJ L 243,
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file have been declassified in conformity with Article 5 of the aforementioned regulation.
In Übereinstimmung mit der Verordnung (EWG, Euratom) Nr. 354/83 des Rates vom 1.
Februar 1983 über die Freigabe der historischen Archive der Europäischen
Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Europäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI. L 43 vom 15.2.1983,
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 ---pagebreak---                  COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                               COM(80)108 final.
                                                               Brussels - 17 March 1980
                                              Proposal for a
                                             COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
                             amending Directive 78 / 170 / EEC on the performance'
                             of heat generators for space heating and the
                             production of hot water in new or existing non­
                             industrial buildings and on the insulation of heat
                             and domestic hot-water distribution in new non­
                                            industrial buildings
                                ( submitted to the Council by the Commission )
                                                      te                v
                    C0MC80 ) 108 final
*. /fc.. .'.t-is  .-iJ .
 ---pagebreak---                                         «
                            '           Justification
, a)              Council directive of 13 February 1978 on theperformance of heat gene­
      . rators for space heating and the production of hot water in new or existing
        non-industrial bui Idings . and on the insulation of heat and domestic hot-water
        distribution in new non-industrial buildings ( 1 ) provides that all new heat
        generators must meet minimum performance requirements for each fuel used ;
        it provides that compliance with the minimum performance requirements is as-'
        sured by test carried out either at the stage of manufacture of the generator
        or at the time of installation ; - it expressly calls for a subsequent proposal
        'in respect of those appliances for which type testing is not practical
         ( see Article 1.1 last subparagraph ).
                                         ι ·   "  ■ '                     'ν  -."
   b)             Irrespective of the type of test , it is up to the Member States to
        take all necessary measures to establish minimum performance requirements -
        possibly expressed in the form of maximum levels of heat loss ; tests shall
        be rigorous ; equally, Member States will nominate the agencies responsible
        for testing and see to the adequate qualification of operators . The overall
        package of measures must be conceived so as not to retard technological progress
        but to encourage competition on the basis of quality - particularly by way of
        intra-Community trade - to the mutual benefit of manufacturers and consumers .
 . c)             On the subject of on-site testing of those heat generators not suited
        to testing at the stage of manufacture , the appropriate technical study ( 2 )
        has Lead to a code of practice which constitutes a minimum common working base
        for all the agencies approved for the tests in question­
                                                                                 . 12.
        ( 1 ) Directive No.78 / 170 / EEC No 52 of 23.2.1978 p. 32
        ( 2 ) See Directive 78 / 170 / EEC article 1.1 in fine
 ---pagebreak---                                    - 2 -
d)           The prime causes of poor installed performance are :
   - missmatching of boiler and burner      ( the burner characteristics not corres­
      ponding to those of the boiler ) and any partial remedies consequently used
                      *
      in attempting to correct this basic fault ;
   - incorrect burner setting ;
   - defective installation ;
   - defective insulation .
             The obligation to have the generator checked as soon as possible after
   its installation     by a competent neutral agency would bring about a reduction
   in the number of such defects .
e)           When determining operating efficiency on site , the test agency must
   choose the earliest period subsequent to installation which provides adequate
   test conditions in respect of climate and occupancy .
f)           Operating efficiency will be expressed in ferms of the net calorific
   value of. the fuel used and will normally be determined on site by the indirect
   method . This method which is suited to on-site work , will ensure maximum re­
   duction of the duration and cost of the test while permitting efficiency to
   be determined with a satisfactory degree of accuracy .
g)           The losses to be taken into consideration are :
   a ) flue-gas losses ,            ,
   b ) losses through the heat generator casing .
             For a ) the following will need to be investigated :
   - flue-gas temperature ;
   - temperature of air for combustion ;
   - COp content ;
   - smoke number for liquid fuels ;
   - traces of carbon monoxide for gaseous fuels .
             For b ) manufacturers data will be used in conjunction with on-site
   measurements in order , primarily , to check the quality of the heat generator
   insulation .
h)           All agencies responsible for carrying out performance testing of heat
   generators under the provisions of this directive will , as a minimum , apply
   the procedures of the following code .
                                      o 0 o                                ./3
 ---pagebreak---                                Proposal for a
                              COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
                                   /
           amending Directive 78 / 170 / EEC on the performance of heat
           generators for space heating and the production of hot
           water in new or existing non-industrial buildings and on
           the insulation of heat and domestic hot-water distribution
                    in new non-industrial buildings
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community ,
and in particular Article 103 thereof /
                                 t
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission ,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament ,
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee ,
                                           (1 )                 ...
Whereas Council Directive 78 / 170 / EEC        required Member States to take all
necessary measures to ensure that all new heat generators for space heating ,
and / or the production of hot water in new or existing non-industrial buildings
comply with minimum performance requirements ;
Whereas the said Directive provides that compliance with these minimum
performance requirements be assured by an inspection carried out either
at the stage of manufacture of a generator or at the time of installation ;
Whereas it further provides that in the case of heat generators subject to ■
inspection at the time of installation , energy losses must not exceed the
levels laid down by the Member States ;
whereas it provides that those appliances which cannot be inspected at the
; tage of manufacture will be the subject of a subsequent proposal after
..  ropriate technical studies have been carried out ;
      0J No L 52 , 23.2.1978 , p , 32
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 2 -
Whereas these studies having beten duly completed , appropriate measures should
be adopted in respect of . the said heat generators ;
Whereas thses studies show the need to provide for a possible delay between
the time of installation of a generator for which inspection at the stage of
manufacture is not practical and the time at which an on-site inspection is
carried out ;
Whereas , moreover , thses studies have enabled the drafting of a code of
practice indicating the procedures to be followed for performance testing
in connection with the installation of a liquid or gaseous fuel fired heat
generator ;
Whereas it is consequently necessary for inspections of the generators in
question to be carried out in complaince with the said code , which constitutes
ninimum common working base for <th.e Community as a whole ; whereas the provisions
of the code do not apply to solid-fuel fired generators ;
Whereas it is appropriate that , in order to permit ready verification of
compliance with the rules relating to an inspection carried out in connection
with installation , a date plate similar to that for generators inspected at
the stage of manufacture be provided for ; whereas where necessary , this plate
may be replaced by the inspection report ; whereas in the event of non-compliance
with the minimum performance requirements or maximum levels of heat loss , the
inspection report will be sent to the appropriate administrative authority ;
Whereas the implementing measures adopted in respect of this Directive should
incorporate the measures adopted for the approximation of the laws of the
Member States in the fields concerned by this Directive and should be
directed towards facilitating the harmonization and standardization work
in progress or to be undertaken in these fields both at Community and
international level ;
Whereas it is necessary to establish , within harmonized periods and on the
basis of appropriate 6tudies , a set of common measures covering the determi­
nation of minimum performance requirements or maximum permitted levels of
heat loss together with procedures for the inspection of heat generators
either at the stage of manufacture or at the time of their installation ;
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 3 -
Whereas Directive 78 / 170 / EEC should therefore be amended ,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE :
                                     Article 1
Directive 78 / 170 / EEC is hereby amended as follows :
1.     The last sub-paragraph of Article 1(1 ) is deleted .
2.     The following paragraph 3a is inserted in Article 1 :
" 3a .   Heat generators subject to inspection at the time , of installation may
         no longer be maintained in service unless they comply with minimum
         perforamnce requirements ;   compliance shall be certified by means of .
         a data plate giving the minimum details provided for in paragraph 3 ,
         with the exception of the last indent regarding the fuel consumption
         of the generator when working to rated capacity .
         Written operating and maintenance instructions which enable optimum
         efficiency to be obtained with the generator shall be given to the
         operator by the supplier of the generator and be held by the former
         at the disposal of the body responsible for inspection .
         The inspecting body shall be required to provide the operator and the
         supplier with a detailed test report , in particular , this report
         must state the details which must be given on the data plate provided
         for above ; it may replace the data plate if fixing the latter poses
         particular problems .
         When a test report ntoes that a generator fails to comply with the '
         minimum performance requirements , the inspecting body shall forward
         a copy to the appropriate administrative authority ."
3.     The following paragraph 3b is inserted in Article 1 :
" 3b .   The performance testing of heat generators at the time of installation
         shall be carried out in compliance with the code of practice annexed
 ---pagebreak---         to this Directive .   The provisions of the code shall constitute a
       minimum common working jpase for test procedures for the Community as
       a whole .   Such provisions shall not apply to solid-fuel fired heat
       generators ."
4.   Article 1(4 ) is replaced by the following :
"4 .   In the case of heat generators subject to inspection at the time of
       installation , minimum perforamnce requirements may be replaced by
      maximum levels of heat     loss .
       In this case , the provisions of paragraphs 3a and 3b shall apply ."
5.   Article 3 is replaced by fthe following :
      i                            Article 3
      Member States shall adopt the measures necessary to comply with this
       Directive by 1 January 1981 .
       The measures provided for in Article 2 shall , however , be adopted by
        1 July 1980 .
       Measures relating to the testing of heat generators at the time of
        installation shall be adopted by 1 July 1981 ."
                                  Article 2
Directive 78 / 170 / EEC is supplemented by the Annex to this Directive .
                                  Article 3
This Directive is addressed to the Member States .
 ---pagebreak---                                                    ANNEX
             Code of practice for the performance testing
             at the time of installation of a liquid or                     *
             gaseous fuel fired heat generator used in a
           ' non-industrial building for space . heating and / or
             the production of domestic hot water
TEST PROCEDURE AND DETERMINATION OF LOSSES
GENERAL
         The test shall be carried out with a fuel lying within the ranges of
liquid fUels or gas specified by the manufacturer .
         The exit for the flue-gases shall include provision for measuring
probes and smoke sampling .                           _. '
         The accuracy of each measurement must be such as to provide the overall
accuracy of results specified by Member States .
TEST CONDITIONS
Condition of the generator                                        •
         The gererator is to be tested in the condition in which it was designed
to operate and with the auxiliary equipment and the insulation used in normal
operations .
   ;     It must have have been regulated and set before the test and no additio
nal regulation shall be carried out during the test .
         The leak tightness of the generator and of its connection with the
flue shall be checked before the test .
         The heat exchange surfaces may be cleaned before the test to the sa­
tisfaction of the manufacturer and / or the installer .
Generator output and operating rates during the test
         The test will be carried out reasonably sa>n after installation and pre­
ferably at the rated output of the generator . Where the latter is impossible .
                                            »
the closest output possible to this should be used . If the generator is desi­
gned to operate at two or at several rates , a reduced output test shall also
be carried out . The outputs used shall be estimated by a reliable method .
         The test shall be carried out under steady-state conditions . This must
 be achieved a certain         before the beginning of the actual
 test in order to take account of the inertia of the installation .
 ---pagebreak---          During the test the fuel and combustion air flow rates shall be kept
constant , if needs be by means of appropriate manipulation of the controls .
Every endeavour shall be made to keep , the other operating parameters constant .
Preparation for the test
Identification of heat generator
         Prior to the test , the test agency shall check that the generator is
in its designed condition by examining the instructions for assembly and ope­
ration held by the user and will attach to the test report a description of
the heat generator and the heating equipment .
Preliminary running
         Before the test , preliminary running may be carried out in order to
check the functioning of the measuring equipment installed for the test anjd
to determine the pre-settings to be stipulated for the test . The participation
of a representative ">f the manufacturer , or installer is strongly recommended
at this stage so that additional    explanations may be given of the various
instructions and additional adjustments carried out to put the equipment into
optimum condition .
Tne test
         The test agency shall check that the prevailing conditions are those
required for normal designed operation of the generator and are such that no
disturbance occurs during the test which is likely to adversely affect its
validity . The agency will , in particular , ensure that the ouput envisaged can
be maintained without problems and that the condition of the equipment will
cause no major incident .
         The agency shall ensure that all measurements are taken to the requi­
red degree of accuracy . More specifically , if the agency is to use certain
measuring instruments forming part of the installation 's normal equipment , it
must check that these meet the desired conditions as regards standards of
precision and accuracy .
 ---pagebreak---                                               - 3 -
3.      DETERMINATION OF LOSSES VIA FLUE GASES
3.1 .   Free heat losses
                 Where there is complete combustion without residues , losses via the
        flue gases ( qf ) are given by
        nf
        9f        --      Kr cs :–™
                                Tf - Ta .
                                 • co,
        where
        Ta         = Temperature of air for combustion ( °C )
        Tf         = Temperature of flue gases ( °C )
        CO^        s Percentage volume of CO^ measured in the flue gases
        Ks         = Siegert      constant (a function of fuel characteristics),
                     ( net calorific value basis )
                 Where there are no Member States regulations or standards concerning
        this constant or in the case of a fuel for which this constant is not determi­
        ned , the agency will calculate flue-gas losses by using the characteristics
        of the fuel , its calorific value , the volume of excess air together with the
        specific heat of combustion gases as given by tables such as those established
        by the 1st World Gas Congress ( Document IGU/ E / 17 / 73) .
3.2 . - Hosses through unburnt residues
                 Since on the one hand the formula quoted above can only apply where
                                    I
        los9es through unburnt residues are below a certain level and since on the
        other hand emissions from generator chimneys are generally subject to limita­
        tions , the traces of unburnt residues in flue gases should be checked , namely :
        - for gaseous fuels : traces of CO ;
        - for liquid fuels and liquefied petroleum gas injected in liquid from : mea­
           sure flue gas opacity with an adequate instrument and express the result
           as a conventional smoke number ( from 0 to 9 ).
4.      DETERMINATION OF LOSSES THROUGH THE HEAT GENERATOR CASING '        .
                 Casing losses shall be evaluated by the agency from data provided by
        the manufacturer and/ or from surface temperatures observed during the test .
 ---pagebreak--- SUMMARY
          The efficiency of a heat generator ( expressed as a percentage of the
net calorific yalue ) should be' defined as equal to 100 minus the sum of the
losses considered in this code , that is tP say :
            il         = 100 - ( q^ + q )
where       q^ :        flue-gas losses
            q   :       casing losses
        Flues- gas temperature             ( °C )
        Temperature of air for combustion < °C )
        Volume  of C02                     <%>
        K     :    Siegert constant
          s
        qf    =    i~ Tf ' T»              (% )
                     s     C02 .
                                           (%)
        qp =
                  100 - ( q^ + q )         (%)
                             /