CELEX: 62005CJ0236
Language: en
Date: 2006-11-09 00:00:00
Title: Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 9 November 2006. # Commission of the European Communities v United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. # Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations - Regulation (EEC) No 2847/93 - Control system in the fisheries sector - Delay in communication of required data. # Case C-236/05.

Case C-236/05
      Commission of the European Communities
      v
      United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
      (Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Regulation (EEC) No 2847/93 – Control system in the fisheries sector – Delay in communication of required data)
      Summary of the Judgment
      1.        Actions for failure to fulfil obligations – Subject-matter of the dispute – Determination during the procedure prior to the
            action 
      (Art. 226 EC)
      2.        Member States – Obligations – Failure to fulfil obligations – Justification based on operating difficulties – Not permissible
            
      (Art. 226 EC)
      1.        The subject-matter of an action to fulfil obligations, brought under Article 226 EC, is determined by the Commission’s reasoned
         opinion, so that the action must be based on the same grounds and pleas as that opinion. That requirement cannot be extended,
         however, so as to mean that in every case the statement of the complaints set out in the operative part of the reasoned opinion
         and the form of order sought in the application must be exactly the same, provided that the subject-matter of the proceedings
         as defined in the reasoned opinion has not been extended or altered. In particular, the Court has held that the subject-matter
         of the dispute may be extended to events which took place after the reasoned opinion was delivered in so far as they are of
         the same kind and constitute the same conduct as the events to which the opinion referred. 
      
      (see paras 10-12)
      2.        A Member State may not plead internal circumstances, such as difficulties of implementation which emerge at the stage when
         a Community measure is put into effect, to justify failure to comply with obligations and time-limits laid down by Community
         law. A Member State cannot therefore rely on operating difficulties in order to avoid obligations arising from Community law.
      
      (see paras 28-29)
JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Third Chamber)
      9 November 2006 (*)
      
      (Failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations – Regulation (EEC) No 2847/93 – Control system in the fisheries sector – Delay in communication of required data)
      In Case C-236/05,
      ACTION under Article 226 EC for failure to fulfil obligations, brought on 30 May 2005,
      Commission of the European Communities, represented by K. Banks, acting as Agent, with an address for service in Luxembourg,
      
      applicant,
      v
      United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, represented by S. Nwaokolo, acting as Agent, and by D.J. Rhee, Barrister,
      
      defendant,
      THE COURT (Third Chamber),
      composed of A. Rosas, President of the Chamber, A. Tizzano (Rapporteur), A. Borg Barthet, J. Malenovský and A. Ó Caoimh, Judges,
      Advocate General: M. Poiares Maduro,
      Registrar: R. Grass,
      having regard to the written procedure,
      having decided, after hearing the Advocate General, to proceed to judgment without an Opinion,
      gives the following
      Judgment
      1        By its application the Commission of the European Communities seeks a declaration that, by communicating with considerable
         delay the data required by the first and third indents of Article 19i of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2847/93 of 12 October
         1993 establishing a control system applicable to the common fisheries policy (OJ 1993 L 261, p. 1), as last amended by Council
         Regulation (EC) No 1954/2003 of 4 November 2003 (OJ 2003 L 289, p. 1) (‘Regulation No 2847/93’), the United Kingdom of Great
         Britain and Northern Ireland has failed to fulfil its obligations under that regulation.
      
      2        Under the first and third indents of Article 19i of Regulation No 2847/93:
      
      ‘Each Member State shall inform the Commission, by computerised means in accordance with the procedures laid down in Regulation
         (EC) No 109/94 [of 19 January 1994 concerning the fishing vessel register of the Community], of the aggregate data for the
         fishing effort deployed:
      
      –        in the previous month for each fishing area concerned for demersal species, before the 15th of each month;
      …
      –        in the previous quarter for each fishing area referred to in Article 19a for pelagic species, before the end of the first
         month of each calendar quarter.’
      
       The pre-litigation procedure
      3        On 21 November 2001 the Commission sent the United Kingdom a letter of formal notice in which it stated that the data required
         by the first and third indents of Article 19i of Regulation No 2847/93 had not been communicated to it in respect of 1999,
         2000 and 2001.
      
      4        By letter of 11 January 2002, the United Kingdom Government explained that although it had encountered operating difficulties
         in drawing up and transmitting the data concerned, all the data relating to the period from 1999 until November 2001 inclusive
         had since been communicated to the Commission.
      
      5        On 15 July 2004, having observed that the insufficiency of or delays in data transmission continued during 2002 and 2003,
         the Commission sent the United Kingdom authorities a reasoned opinion in which it stated that ‘by failing to communicate or
         communicating with a delay which is often considerable the data required by Article 19i first and third indents of Council
         Regulation … No 2847/93 … , the United Kingdom … has failed to fulfil its obligations under this provision’. The Commission
         therefore called on the United Kingdom to take the measures necessary in order to comply with that opinion within two months
         of its notification.
      
      6        By letter of 9 September 2004, the United Kingdom Government acknowledged existence of delays. It pointed out, however, that
         some data had been communicated with delays shorter than those set out in the reasoned opinion. It went on to state that procedures
         had been put in place in order to ensure that the United Kingdom complies with Regulation No 2847/93, and would do so in the
         future.
      
      7        Taking the view that delays in communicating data had persisted in 2004 and 2005, the Commission decided to bring the present
         action.
      
       The action
       Admissibility of the action
      8        As a preliminary point the United Kingdom raises, in its defence, two pleas of inadmissibility, alleging that the subject-matter
         of the action has been amended and that the action is devoid of purpose.
      
       Alteration of the subject-matter of the action
      9        The United Kingdom authorities claim that the letter of formal notice of 21 November 2001 contained complaints relating only
         to 1999, 2000 and 2001. However, the reasoned opinion also referred to 2002 and 2003 and the application refers to 2004 and
         2005. The action is therefore inadmissible in so far as its subject-matter includes failures alleged to have taken place after
         the date of the letter of formal notice.
      
      10      In that connection it must be recalled, first of all, that according to settled case-law the subject-matter of an action brought
         under Article 226 EC is determined by the Commission’s reasoned opinion (see Case C-29/90 Commission v Greece [1992] ECR I-1971, paragraph 12, and Case C-280/89 Commission v Ireland [1992] ECR I-6185, paragraph 7), so that the action must be based on the same grounds and pleas as the reasoned opinion (see
         Case C-456/03 Commission v Italy [2005] ECR I-5335, paragraph 35 and the case-law cited, and Case C-33/04 Commission v Luxembourg [2005] ECR I-10629, paragraph 36).
      
      11      Second, the Court has also stated that that requirement cannot be extended, however, so as to mean that in every case the
         statement of the complaints set out in the operative part of the reasoned opinion and the form of order sought in the application
         must be exactly the same, provided that the subject-matter of the proceedings as defined in the reasoned opinion has not been
         extended or altered (see Case C-433/03 Commission v Germany [2005] ECR I-6985, paragraph 28, and Case C-484/04 Commission v United Kingdom [2006] ECR I-0000, paragraph 25).
      
      12      In particular, the Court has held that the subject-matter of the dispute may be extended to events which took place after
         the reasoned opinion was delivered in so far as they are of the same kind and constitute the same conduct as the events to
         which the opinion referred (see Case 42/82 Commission v France [1983] ECR 1013, paragraph 20; Case C-113/86 Commission v Italy [1988] ECR 607, paragraph 11; and Case C-221/04 Commission v Spain [2006] ECR I-0000, paragraph 28).
      
      13      It must be held that in this case the subject-matter of the action has not changed in the course of these proceedings.
      
      14      Both in the operative part of the reasoned opinion and in the forms of order sought in the application, the Commission’s complaint
         is that the United Kingdom has persistently failed to fulfil its obligations by sending the data required by the first and
         third indents of Article 19i of Regulation No 2847/93 late.
      
      15      Furthermore, in its application the Commission drew attention to the fact that the failure to fulfil obligations persisted
         up to the time when this action was brought, since the United Kingdom Government has still not communicated almost all of
         the data relating to 2004 and any of the data relating to 2005.
      
      16      It follows that the Commission’s action concerns not specific acts relating to particular periods, but continuous and systematic
         failure of the United Kingdom to fulfil its obligation to communicate the relevant data within the time-limit provided for
         in Regulation No 2847/93. 
      
      17      Consequently, the subject-matter of the dispute in this case is the failure of the United Kingdom authorities to comply with
         the time-limits mentioned above, as evidenced by the continuous delays, and without there being any need to exclude events
         which took place after the reasoned opinion (Commission v Italy, paragraph 13).
      
      18      The first plea of inadmissibility raised by the United Kingdom must therefore be dismissed.
      
       Plea that the action is devoid of purpose
      19      The United Kingdom Government submits that it has complied with the reasoned opinion by communicating all the data required
         before the date fixed by that opinion, and that therefore the Commission was not entitled to bring these proceedings.
      
      20      In that connection, it must be recalled, first of all, that when exercising its powers under Article 226 EC the Commission’s
         task is to ensure, of its own motion and in the general interest, that the Member States give effect to Community law and
         to obtain a declaration of any failure to fulfil the obligations deriving therefrom, with a view to bringing it to an end
         (see Case C-333/99 Commission v France [2001] ECR I-1025, paragraph 23, and Case C-394/02 Commission v Greece [2005] ECR I-4713, paragraphs 14 and 15 and the case-law cited).
      
      21      In this case, it must be observed that, as set out in paragraph 16 of this judgment, the alleged infringement by the United
         Kingdom consists in the fact that the data required by the first and third indents of Article 19i of Regulation No 2847/93
         was continuously and systematically sent late.
      
      22      It is apparent that the United Kingdom has not remedied the failure to fulfil obligations thus described by communicating
         before the date specified in the reasoned opinion the data required by Regulation No 2847/93 mentioned therein, since those
         communications of data were effected after the time-limits laid down by Regulation No 2847/93.
      
      23      The Commission has an interest therefore in seeking a declaration of failure to fulfil obligations, in particular so as to
         induce the United Kingdom to adopt the measures necessary to ensure that data is transmitted in good time and to prevent further
         infringements.
      
      24      In the light of the foregoing, the second plea of inadmissibility must also be dismissed, and the Commission’s action must
         therefore be declared admissible.
      
       The merits of the action
      25      The Commission alleges that the United Kingdom provided the data required by the first and third indents of Article 19i of
         Regulation No 2847/93 with considerable delay, communication of the data having been made as follows:
      
      –        for 1999, 2000 and 2001: the data relating to those years was not sent until 14 January 2002, with the exception of the data
         for February, March, April and May 1999, sent on 9 June 1999, and the data relating to the first 10 months of 2001, sent on
         29 November 2001;
      
      –        for 2002: except in five cases, the data relating to demersal species was also sent late;
      –        for 2003: the data was not sent until 29 March 2004;
      –        for 2004: only some data was sent to the Commission, with an average delay of 23 days for pelagic species and 48 days for
         demersal species;
      
      –        for 2005: on the date the action was brought no data had yet been sent to the Commission. 
      26      The United Kingdom Government does not deny the late communication of data thus described.
      
      27      It argues, however, that those delays are due to operating difficulties. In particular, as regards the communication of data
         relating to 2004 and 2005, those difficulties arose as a result of a change in the reporting regime following the entry into
         force of Regulation No 1954/2003.
      
      28      That argument cannot be accepted. In that connection, it is sufficient to observe that it is settled case-law that a Member
         State may not plead internal circumstances, such as difficulties of implementation which emerge at the stage when a Community
         measure is put into effect, to justify failure to comply with obligations and time-limits laid down by Community law (see
         Case C-387/97 Commission v Greece [2000] ECR I-5047, paragraph 70, and Joined Cases C-418/00 and C-419/00 Commission v France [2002] ECR I-3969, paragraph 59).
      
      29      The United Kingdom cannot therefore rely on operating difficulties in order to avoid obligations arising from Community law.
      
      30      In light of the foregoing, it must be held that by not communicating in time the data required by the first and third indents
         of Article 19i of Regulation No 2847/93 the United Kingdom has failed to fulfil its obligations under that regulation.
      
       Costs
      31      Under Article 69(2) of the Rules of Procedure, the unsuccessful party is to be ordered to pay the costs if they have been
         applied for. As the Commission applied for costs and the United Kingdom has been unsuccessful, the latter must be ordered
         to pay the costs.
      
      On those grounds, the Court (Third Chamber) hereby:
      1.      Declares that by not communicating in time the data required by the first and third indents of Article 19i of Council Regulation
            (EEC) No 2847/93 of 12 October 1993 establishing a control system applicable to the common fisheries policy, as last amended
            by Council Regulation (EC) No 1954/2003 of 4 November 2003, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has failed
            to fulfil its obligations under that regulation;
      2.      Orders the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to pay the costs.
      [Signatures]
      *Language of the case: English.