CELEX: 51976PC0419
Language: en
Date: 1976-07-28
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DECISION adopting a technological research programme for the footwear sector (Article 235 of the EEC Treaty) (submitted to the Council by the Commission)

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COLLECTION RELIEE DES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM (76) 419
Vol. 1976/0126
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 ---pagebreak---  COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                COM(76)419 final.
                                                            /
                                                Brussels , 28 July 1976 .
           \                       ■                '   ,
                                         1                                /
                            PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DECISION
                               adopting a technological
                                research programme for
                          /
                                 the footwear sector
                                                          X
                            (Article 235 of the EEC Treaty)
                ( submitted to the Council by the Commission )
                                                                            /
 I
                                                      !       j
                                                                        /
COM (7 6) 419 final .
 ---pagebreak---                     PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DECISION
           adopting a technological research programme for
                         the footwear sector
  THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
                 *
  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community ,
  and in particular Article 235 thereof ,
  Having regard to the Proposal from the Commission ,
  Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament ,
• Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee ,
  Whereas on 14 January 1974 the Council adopted a Resolution on the
  coordination of national policies and the definition of projects of
  interest to the Community in the field of science and technology}
  Whereas Article 2 of the Treaty provides that , one of the Community 's
  tasks is to promote throughout the Community a harmonious development of
  economic activities and a continuous and balanced expansion?
  Whereas the technological improvements in footwear manufacture req-uired
  on economic and social grounds , which contibute      the implementation of
  the       said       objectives of the Treaty , necessitate the implementation
  of specifio , large-scale research projects designed to promote a reduction
  in manufacturing costs , the more efficient use of rav materials and energy,
  greater flexibility of production to meet consumers * wishes and require­
  ments and better psychological and physiologioe.1 workirg condi ticns in
  manufacturing processes !
 ---pagebreak---  whereas collective research plays aon important role in the technical
 development of the footwear sector as this branch of industry consists
 mainly of small and toedium-sized enterprises , which cannot carry out
 their own research or whose own research is on an inadequate scale }
 Whereas ,! "because of the limited possibilities in the field of footv»®ar
 Research on a national scale          the footwear sector and its research
 organizations have produced a colleotive research programme for the
 Community comprising three research projects and involving a total
 outlay of 1 355 000 units of account } whereas two of these projects
 involving an outlay of 505 000 units of account will "be initiated
 immediately} whereas the footwear sector and its research organizations
will launch the third project involving an outlay of 85O 000 units of
account only if the results obtained from the first two projects are
positive }
Whereas the expenditure to "be borne by the footwear sector and its
organizations for the implementation of the first two projects of the
collective programme is greater thajn the sum allocated for the execution
of the Community programme } whereas the latter does not include the
third project }
Whereas a Community research programme intended to form part of the
above-mentioned collective programme and hence to facilitate its
execution will represent a powerful integrating factor ifor the footwear
sector , and will also allow an increase in the technological level and
competitiveness of the Community industry}
Whereas the collective research programme is the prod act of the
cooperation of the footwear research organizations        the Community whioh
has lasted for over ten years and consequently off'is a guarantee of efficient
and successful implementation}
Whereas the programme which is the object cf this Decision is needed to
attain the above-mentioned objectives of the Treaty in regard to the
functioning of the common market }
 ---pagebreak--- Wnereas the Treaty did not make provision for the powers required
for this purpose ,
HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS :
                           Article 1
A European Economic Community research programme in the footw     * sector ,
as set out in the Annex to this Decision , is hereby adopted fo-' a period
of four years* "beginning on 1 January 1977 *
                           Article 2
The financial contribution by the Community to the programme is established
by the budget procedure . It is estimated at 235*000 U.C. , the u.c . is
defined in the Financial Regulation on the establishment and implementation
of the Budget of the European Communities and on the responsability of
authorizing officers and accounting offioers .
                           Article 3
The Commission shall implement the prografinieby means of contracts .
                           Article 4
Council Regulation (EEC ) Fo . 2380/74 of 17 September 1974 adopting
provisions for the dissemination of information relating to research
programmes for the European Economic Community shall apply to information
and inventions , whether patentable or not , resulting from the implement­
ation of the programme .
Done at
                                              For the Council
                                               The President
 ---pagebreak---                                - 1 -
Collective "technological research programme for the footwear seotor
An amount of 235 000 u.a . is to . "be allocated for the imple­
mentation of the programme which breaks down into the following two
projects :
Research pro.ject I t Rational use of materials for tippers
    Principal objectives t
    Saving of raw materials ; more flexible production wi+b. respect to
    consumer requirements ; improvement of places of work ; creation cf
    the technological basis for developing new machines and control systems *
    Programme
    Analysis of the materials utilization factors achieved with current
    techniques , using information provided by a representative samp1.o of
    thirty firms on materials utilization achieved during recent years ,
    depending on the technique and material used , ard shapa and type of
    footwear . They will also study their methods with ref?re'.wr» to <
    or more standard footwear designs .
    On the basis of the results , development of systems for optix"' wing
    materials utilization , using electronio beam scanning nnd data pro­
    cessing .
Research pro.ject II : Rationalization of upper making
   Principal objectives
   Adaptation of the method of producing uppers to the rest of the shoe
   manufacturing process , in order to increase productivity, redics ore–
   duotion oosts and improve working conditions .
   Creation of the design basis for new, numerically coat oll^d sr?o!ii.v&
   tools .
 ---pagebreak--- Programme
Study of production processes employed for three types of shoe -
requiring different methods - for men , women and children , on the
basis of 120 firms 8 experience . This study will concern the principal
e co nomi a and ergonomic production parameters , e.g. materials , tools
and duration of operations , and will include an analysis of each of
the eighteen stages of production so that they may be formed into more
satisfactory groups of integrated activities .
Collection and preparation for computer processing of the data necessa^
ry for rramerieil control and design data for new machine tools .
 ---pagebreak---      COMMISSION
       OP THE
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
 Directorate General
 for Industrial and
Technological Affairs
                      Description of and "background to a
                       Proposal for a Council Decision
                      adopting a technological research
                      programme for the footwear sector
                       (Article 235 of the EEC Treaty)
 ---pagebreak--- Explanatory memorandum arid introduction
The technological research programme proposed in this Note is
designed to help to adapt production engineering in the footwear industry
to existing technical possibilities , the more exacting consumer require­
ments and in particular the facts of international competition .
A number of the characteristic features of the sector and the main aspects
of economic and industrial policy militating in favour of the research
programme are outlined in Annex I. This makes it clear that the industry
although satisfying basic human needs , has nevertheless for a variety of
reasons got itself into very serious economic difficulties . The Community
now has to decide whether it will ensure the future continuation of a
footwear* industry that at present still has considerable dynamic drive
and a high technical standard , viewed against the international background ,
or whether it will accept the fact that this industry will gradually
disappear from the Community and shift to other countries and continents .
The loss of the footwear industry would bring in its wake a number of
significant supply , trade , social and regional problems so that looking
at things rationally the Community has no other course open to it but to
try and maintain the vitality of its footwear industry .
As Annex I also shows , the present difficulties in the footwear industry
can be overcome only if the sector introduces radical innovations in its
production techniques , the foundations for which are laid by technological
research of the type covered by this programme . Building on the results
of this research , it will then be possible to develop the production plant
and methods required today by an efficient and competitive footwear industry
in a highly developed industrial continent .
The shoe research , as far as the problems treated are of interest for the
whole branch , is executed mostly as collective research . This is because
the shoe industry contains a large number of small and medium-sized firms
which are in a position to carry out very little , if any , research of their
own . Collective research thus has a significant role to play in the . techni­
cal development of the footwear industry*
 ---pagebreak---  As Annex II   shows , there are five joint industrial footwear research
 establishments in the Community, together employing about 400 people .
 Apart from the faot that four Member States have no joint facilities
 for footwear research, national research capacity is so small that it is impo
 sible even for all the every day footwear research requirements to be met on
 a national basis . For these reasons the five Community establishments
have been cooperating with each other for the past ten years by exchan­
ging experience on a regular basis and coordinating various tasks amongst
themselves . Thus the Community already has an experienced footwear re­
 search capacity that has become accustomed to cooperation over the years .
This made it possible to draft the proposed research programme which
will help the industry to make the radical technological changes in
footwear manufacturing needed today – a programme that is of a scope
  beyond the reach of an individual establishment or country .
Even if national funds and facilities were adequate to carry out the
necessary research programme , it would be pointless to draw up national
programmes because - quite apart from senseless duplication of effort -
the necessary technological changes in the footwear industry are not a
local but a European problem and for economic reasons the research re­
sults cannot stimulate economically significant innovation unless they
are representative for the whole of the European Community and can be
put to practical effect over its length and breath .
Even though a very useful organizational structure is already in existence
as a starting point for the programme , the difficulties involved in its
execution should not be lost to sight .
The programme , which in scientific content and scope is far beyond any­
thing tackled previously, requires the individual establishment to shift
the emphasis of their activities , to reorganize their ei&ff, to invest
in equipment and to cooperate widely, to an extent that can hardly be
justified from the national aspect but only by the interest of the pro­
ject to the Community . Consequently it is no easy matter to obtain the
necessary collective support of all the industrial forces in each country
for the implementation of a kprogramme involving substantial changes in
the establishments' present activities * This problem is farther complicated
 ---pagebreak---                                - 3 -
by the fact that the industry is made up of firms differing greatly in
size and technioal sophistication and the programme is not designed simi>-
ly to improve existing methods "but rather to develop fundamentally new
technologies which will probably involve every firm in considerable in­
vestment on new plant .
The Commission is aware that this pioneering collective research     centurs
could not oome to fruition early enough without soma stimulus frora an
outside integrating factor . It therefore intends to play an activ,    ->art
in promoting and coordinating the proposed technological research pro­
gramme , which is designed to be a technological turning point . It also
takes the view that it is more sensible and more econoroio to help the
industry to make the neoessary technioal adaptation in good time rather
than ( at a very muoh higher cost to the publio purse ) to have to provide
 aid in the future tinder its sooial or regional policy because an indu­
 stry is no longer competitive .
 Content of the rssearch programme
 It is designed as a collective research programme for the entire Commu­
 nity footwear industry , represented by the European Footwear Confederal
 tion (CEC) which embraces almost the whole sector*^. The relevant orga­
 nizations will be fully responsible to both industry and consuraer ?. for
 •formulating and implementing the programme and for applying ths r®sult8 ,
 under the supervision of the Commission . They will also bear        of the
 cost of implementing the programme .
 The programme comprises three projects which may appropriately be regar­
 ded as operationally self–contained but having closely related obleotivea .
     The member organizations represent the following percentages of
     national output by volume :
              100   Belgium , Denmark ,
               98 $ Germany
               95 United Kingdom ( firms in the Hoscendsle ."ts w?j.nly
                    manufacturing slippers are not mens! or* )
               92 $ Netherlands
               80 % Ireland
               78 % France
               70 % It&ly (most of the small craft–"type firms are not members )
 ---pagebreak---                               - 4 -
 Project 1 - Rationalized use of materials for uppers
 The manufacture of uppers always involves relatively serious waste of
materials whether leather or synthetic, because of the differences in
 shapes of upper and in methods of cutting . In the case of leather, the
 irregular shape of hides and the variations in quality in every hide
 also contribute to waste . By the development of feed systems and methods
of cutting out which oan be adjusted with zero response time , wastage
could be halved . Even a 2 $ improvement in materials utilization would
produce annual savings of about 13 million u.a. in the Comimmity .
Project 2 - Rationalization of upper making
Shoe manufacture consists of making upper and sola and joining the two .
Although sole making and assembly operations have been rationalized , the
same does not apply to the upper, a more difficult proposition. There
are 18 steps varying in extent according to the type of shoe , that have
to be rationalized and harmonized both to simplify the production pro­
cess and to inorease job satisfaction .
This research work will require quite complex systems analysis which
takes account of the actual situation in and diversity of the European
footwear industry . Collaboration between a large number of firms scat­
tered throughout the Community is therefore essential for the completion of
of the task .
If the research were to lead to only a 20 ^ reduotion in the operations
involved in stitching a shoe , the estimated annual saving w^uld be 40
million u.a.
Pro.ject 3 - Correlation between footwear technology a J & consumer needs
The further the footwear industry moves from craft uethods , the more the
relationship between technology and consumer needs becomes a scientifio
problem requiring special methods and comprehensive data for its solu­
tion . Data collection, and processing for use by the footwear industry,
must be computer-based in view of the multiplicity and speed of change
of the faotors involved, A uniform system mast be UBed for preparing all
 ---pagebreak---                                 -   5 -
relevant data , e.g. foot physiology , geometry and dynamics , the physi­
cal , chemical and technological properties of the materials used and
the enormous variety of shapes of shoe , which involves not only objec­
tive , measurable faotors such as weight , oomfort , stability or life , but
also aspects relating to fashion .
Programme objectives and implementation
The principal objectives of the three projects are :
- to rationalize production to keep it competitive ;
- to improve utilization of raw materials and energy }
- to render production more flexible with respect to consumer wishes
  and needs ;
- to improve the psychological and physiological conditions inherent in
  production processes.
These objectives will be achieved by collective research yielding infor­
mation and methods that will enable the machine-tool and footwear indus­
try to develop and introduce new equipment and prooesses for footwear
manufacture .
By limiting the soope of the objectives , not only can publio funds Le
used economically and effectively, but an incentive is provided for
                  v                                                          %
market-orientated private projects . This division of labour can be seen
as functional , balanced and effective# Furthermore , when implementing
the programme , provision must be made for firms to carry 6yt complemen­
tary programmes , at their own expense , but linked with the non-profit
industrial research , where this might enrich the general programma ,
subject to observance of the conditions governing the oolleotive research .
This should simplify the transfer of technology and give the research
subject greater breadth and depth *
 ---pagebreak---                                - 6 -
 Pro cedures for reglement-ation of the programme
 Tor material and. operational reasons the footwear industry will initially
 implement only the first two projects . Which are expected to take 3–4
years 6 It is planned that the third , which is appreciably bigger , should
"be implemented later , after praotical experience and results have flowed
 from Community cooperation on Projects 1 and 2 .
The Commission will conclude a four-year collective research contract
with the DEC for the implementation of Projects 1 and 2 = This will make
the CEC responsible for execution of the research and lay down the Com­
mission 's financial contribution * It will also give the Commission the
right to supervise the research and the use of the results and to take
action in specific causes . The research itself will be carried out in
the non-profit industrial research establishments of the footwear sector#
To ensure that sufficiently careful and expert consideration is given
to the interests of the footwear industry as a whole in the planning ,
execution arid extension of the research programme , the contract holder ,
in association with the Commission , will set up management and advisory
bodies . These are outlined in Annex III . The Commission reserves the
right to participate as an observer in these committees . Council Regu­
lation Fo 2380/74 of 17 September 1974 (OJ      255 P * l ) will govern the
dissemination and use of the information acquired .
Financial aspects
The total cost of the programme is estimated at 1 355 000 u - i. including
505 000 u.a . for projects 1 and 2 , apportioned as follows :
                         12ZI        I2Zâ      1212         2£8o      Total
     Project 1          85 000     80 000     70 000       20 000    255 000
     Project 2         150 000    100 000                            250 000
                                                                    505 000 u.a.
The sum of 270 000 u.a . ia to be put up by the Community's footwear in-
duf ry . It is proposed that the Community should provide 235 000 u.a . •>
 ---pagebreak---                             - 7 -
to be entered in the Commission 's animal "budget .
When the time comes Project 3 » involving expenditure of 85O 000 u«aM
will be financed in full by the footwear industxy *
Proposal to the Council
The Council will be requested to adopt Projects 1 and 2 of this tech­
nological research programme in the footwear seotor .
 ---pagebreak---                                                                ANNEX  I
              ASSESSMENT FROM THE INDUSTRIAL POLICY VIEWPOINT
                OF THE FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY AND OF A COLLECTIVE
                       TECHNO LOGICAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME
1 . Characteristic features of, arid current situation , in the footwear industry
1*1   Fbotwear manufacture is a processing industry whioh is normally olassed
     under the traditional or conventional industries *
      The economic aspects of the Community 's footwear industry can "bo out­
      lined as follows :
     – it employs 360 000 persons * To this figure must "be added a further
         150 000 persons whose existence depends to a very large extent on
        the footwear industry * Such persons work in branches of industry
         such as tanning , mechanical engineering , textiles , plastios , the
         chemical industryr etc.j
     – the footwear industry is concentrated in 15 particular geographical
         looations ;
     - footwear makes calls upon various human qualities , e*g * creativity ,
        artistic ability, adaptation to fashion, quest for comfort ;
     - the footwear industry has an annual turnover of 5 345 million u*a 0
        ( 1974)1
     – 944 million pairs of shoes axe manufactured every year ; this repre­
        sents one–third of the world production figures j
     – in 1974 "the export surplus in the footwear sector amounted to 557
        million u*a *;
     – footwear manufacture requires the use of animal skins , which are in
        plentiful supply in the Community !
     – the footwear industry has the advantage of not "being a major consumer
        of energy 0
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 2 -
 1.2 The footwear industry grew steadily up to 1970. There followed a
       three-year period of stagnation. Production has been declining since
       1973.
      This decline can be attributed only in part to the current economic
      recession in Western Europe . The increase in production costs has had
      a far greater impact , and has led to considerable difficulties as
      regards domestic sales and more particularly , exports and has had an
      unfavourable effect on the investment climate .
      Although the Community 's footwear industry is the world 's largest
      producer and exporter of footwear , its position is now being threatened
      by new rivals and official protective measures recently introduced
      ( Australia , Sweden ) or applied for (USA ) by various countries. As ex­
      ports are very important to the footwear industry , a decline in ex­
      ports would place a heavy burden on the Community 's industry . It is
      therefore no exaggeration to state that the Community is today faced
      with a decision : either it must let this industry , which is still
      holding its ground , migrate to other continents or see that a healthy
      footwear industry remains in Europe .
2 . Reasons for maintaining a European footwear industry
 2.1 The maintenance of employment currently has top priority from the in­
      dustrial policy viewpoint . As there are several regions in which the
      footwear industry is of vital importance and in which there is no
      chance of alternative employment , it would be contrary to the social
      policy for footwear undertakings to cease operation. Further difficul­
      ties in the footwear industry would lead to additional public expendi­
      ture for reasons of social and regional policy , whic1 . would place a
      substantial burden on the national and Community bvc^ets . In the last
      two years several million u.a. have been spent out of the Social and
      and Regional Funds to deal with the problems in the footwear industry.
      The currently outstanding applications also involve stuns of several
      million u.a.
 ---pagebreak---                          - 3 -
If the Community 's footwear industry is to obtain the requisite
raw materials , those materials moist continue to be processed in the
Community. In a continent such as Europe which does not have large
quantities of raw materials , it is essential from the econond.c view­
point that what raw materials it does posses should, as far as
possible , be consumed on that continent . It would be economically
irrational to export them and purchase them in processed form . Ever,
the developing countries , which have little industry , are endeavou­
ring to process an increasing percentage of their raw materials
themselves .
Footwear manufacture is growing constantly throughout the world ,
especially in the developing countries . By the year 2000 , annual
production can be expected to rise from JOOO million to between
6 and 12 000 million pairs of shoes. This growing nedd for footwear
provides the Community with some economic security and , above all ,
gives the developing countries enough room to expand in this indus­
trial sector .
Furthermore , it is too risky for a continent to give up an industry ,
in which growth is guaranteed in the long term on account of in­
creasing consumption and whose products constitute a basic require­
ment of the population.
As the technological development of a continent ( as opposed to a
small country ) depends on the diversity of its industrial activities ,
the loss of the footwear industry , which would be followed by that
of other "conventional" industries , would jeopardize the Commmity 's
technological development . It is only on a broad industrial basis
that advanced technology industries can be built up ; these industries
would also have a favourable , innovative influence on the corventio-
nal craft activities. Failure to recognize this interdependence
could endanger the technological (and ultimately the economic ) ba«is
of the Community.
 ---pagebreak---                                - 4 -
3o Means of preserving the footwear industry
   3*1  As indicated above , the preservation of the Community 's footwear
        industry is necessary in the public interest , and particularly
        in the general economic interest .
        In the case of small and medium-sized firms it is their very
        existence which is at stake , so that they have a private economio
        interest in the preservation of the industry . However , as firms
        of that size cannot help themselves beoause of their limited
        financial resources , and as it is desirable to preserve small
        and medium-sized firms for various social reasons , the collective
        private economic interest of such firms has also become a politi­
        cal matter . Furthermore , the geographical location of the foot­
        wear manufacturing industry is of relatively little economic
        importance to a large-scale undertaking and is less important to
        it than the production conditions . It is unimportant to a large-
        scale undertaking whether its production plant is in Europe or
        Singapore , for example , so long as cheap labour , raw materials
        and equipment are available on the spot *
        In view of the predominantly public interest in the matter , a
        policy for preserving the footwear industry should be developed .
   3.2  The following aspects would have to be considered when drawing
       up the guidelines for such a policy:
       - The current difficulties can be attributed mainly to excessive
          production costs . The reduction of those costs Ivy structural
          rationalization measures is a continuous markr t-induced process
          which is , however , inadequate in this case , us even the large-
          scale undertakings are being hit by excessive production costs .
       – Although measures to protect the domestic footwear industry
          could help temporarily , they would throw the world trade into
          disarray, would give rise to criticism from the Community 's
          trading partners and oould not provide a long-term solution to
          the problems which are to only a small extent economio *
 ---pagebreak---                       - 5 -
- The saine applies to maintenance subsidies granted by the public
  authorities for social or regional reasons to those firms in
  the greatest difficulties , quite apart from the fact that the
  funds required would exceed the politically acceptable level®
– The most promising way would seem to be to use the existing
  technological vitality of the footwear industry to encourage
  the industry to make a collective effort corresponding to the
  soale of the tasko The requisite technological adjustment
  could thereby be made in order to reduce production costs
  Such action , aimed at making radical changes in footwear pre -
  duction technology , could at the same time enable other require­
  ments to be met by the application of modern technological
  methods , suoh as the need for the humanizing of work conditions ,
  the rational utilization of energy , flexibility of production
  to take into account consumers * wishes , the harmonious incor­
  poration of production technology into the natural environment ,
  etc .
  These new technological guidelines for the footwear industry
  clearly represent an industrial task above alle The public autho­
  rities can limit themselves to providing incentives for collective
  action by the footwear industry, possibly influencing then to
  satisfy the public 's requirements and assuring the footwear in­
  dustry that its technological efforts are in line with the
  Community 's general political objectives •
 ---pagebreak---            COMMISSION
             OF THE
      EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                            Annex II
      Direot orat e-General
for Industrial and Technological
             Affairs
                                     General survey
                        of the joint industrial establishments in
                      the footwear sector in the European Community
 ---pagebreak--- Contents
1 . Int roduet ion
2 . Names and addresses of footwear research establishments
3 . Administrative structure of the researoh establishments
4 . Research programmes
5 . Staff
6 . Expenditures
1 . Introduction
    In the Member States of the European Community , there are five
    research establishments working either in the footwear seotor alone
    ( Germany , United Kingdom ) or on all subjects concerning the leather
    industry , including tanning and footwear ( Belgium , Prance , Netherlands ).
    For the past ten years there has been close cooperation between these
    centres and also with the Swiss materials testing laboratory .
    The five research establishments employ a total staff of 398 - 5 »
    of which 32 are graduates , 11.5 technicians and 255 assistants .
    Annual expenditure amounts to 5*3 million u.a ., half of which is
    devoted to research proper . The other half is spent on technical
    assistance for industrial companies , publication , pilot production ,
    training and administration .
 ---pagebreak---                                             ?» -
d « .Names and addres see of the footwear res earcl^ eatab l ishp eni s
     - Cent :■»* de "{7ec herches Techniques ei
       g oien', Ifiques des Ind us tries du Cuir : CP.C               Staffs 65
       27 j avenus feui-Ii .-rnri Spaak , B-1070 Brussels
       T. : ( 02 ) 522 . 48 . 9p
     - Certi Tes 'hai'vu e du Cuirs CTC                               Staff * 179
       loi ., -. venue J eati-Jaui'ès , F-69OO7 %~ons
       T. » ( 78 ) 69.50.12 - Tel ex ? EURO!. 330949 F
     - Prüf- und _ j''o r sohungg Inst xtirt für d ie S ohuh~-_       St&ff ;. 27
       h e r ?■ t e 1 1 vnz 5 FFT
       2 , Haus–'Sachs –Str * P             Finnasens
       1=.: ( 06331 ) 74017
    - gho e , and Jtl 1 i o& Txades^ A330jr- i&ti oaj^S.^TPA          Staff ? 1^2
       Saira House , Rockingham Road , Kettering
       Northants HH16 9JH
       T , : ( 0536 ) 3151 - Telex: 34323
    - I nstituut Tcor Leder en_ 5_a_ho sngB a T.                      St^ff * 34
       55 ?            van Goot hst raat , Maalwiik.
       T.t ( 04160 ) 33255 - Telex 50502
3 . Administrative structure ef t!h.e research e^tablxsn^^ts
    - CKC
       Management bodies
       - Conseil Général v 36 membres )
           18 représentants des diverses fédérations
            1 représentant de la Fédération des Entreprises Belgae ( PEB)
            4 représentants des organisations de travailleurs
            6 représentants des Fédérations et des Syndicats
            6 représentants de 1 * Institut pour 1 ? Encourage? sr :; de la Recherche
                 dans 1' Industrie de l' Agriculture ( IPSIA )
       - Comité permanent (6 membres )
           le Président et le Vice-Président du Conseil vénérai
          3 représentants des Fédérations
          1 représentant de l' IRSIA
 ---pagebreak---                                - 3 -
    – Comité Scientifique (4 membres )
       le Président du Centre
       2 professeurs d' Université
       1 représentant de la FEB .
  Advisory bodies
  - Comité Technique Tannerie
  - Comité Technique Chaussure
    composés de représentants de l' industrie .
  Executive staff
  - Directeur Technique
  - Secrétaire Général Administratif .
- CTA
  Management bodies
  - Conseil d' Administration ( 19 membres )
    10 représentants des chefs d' entreprise
      4 représentants du personnel technique ( cadres et ouvriers ) de
         1' interprofession
      5 personnalités particulièrement compétentes , dont un représentant
         de l' Enseignement Technique Supérieur
      Assistent en outre au Conseil t un représentant du Ministère de
      l' Industrie et de la Recherche et un représentant du Ministère des
      Finances
  - Directeur général
  Advisory bodies
  - Comité de Programme ( il membres )
    1 représentant de 1' interprofession
    6 représentants des diverses professions
    3 représentants du CTC
    1 représentant de l' Université
  - Six commissions techniques
    une par profession > Peau Brute , Tannerie , Mégisserie , Chauesure ,
    Maroquinerie et Ganterie .
- PFI
  Management bodies
  - Mitgliederversammlung ( 15 Mitglieder)
    der Bürgermeister der Stadt Primasens
    1 Ministerialrat
    13 Vertreter der Schuhindustrie .
 ---pagebreak--- - Wissenschaftliches Kuratorium (4 Mitglieder)
  Professoren der Technischen Hochschulen > Textil , Kautschuk ,
  Kunststoffe und Polymeren
- Technischer Beirat ( l8 Mitglieder )
  15 Technische Direktoren
    1 Vertreter des technischen Verbands für Klebstoffe
    1 Vertreter des technischen Verbands für Kunstleder
  Prof . Herfeld .
- SATRA
  Management bodies
  - Satra Council ( 45 persons )
     30 from Federation shoe firms
     10 from allied trades ( suppliers and retailers )
      2 from unions
      3 from representatives bodies ( BLMRA , Training Board).
Research programmes
CRC
- Research into new techniques for joining and trimming materials
  used in the manufacture of footwear and other processing industries .
- Research into the possibility of making leather more suitable for
  these techniques .
- Automation of these techniques
CTC
- Utilization of tannery waste
- Pollution control
- Automatic footwear assembly line
- Standardization and new design of the last
- Study of materials : study of comfort
PFI
- Study of adhesive ageing
- Research into new mixtures of elastomer rubbers
- Finishing of leather and synthetic materials nith polyur ethane
- Study of plant , in particular as regards rationalization of
  st itohing
 ---pagebreak---                             - 5 -
fture the correct -election of footwear aaterials and
components an, their i»P–ent .                             ^^
                effective use of manpower and to sal gua
T^;Se"rof loot-ear indnstry e»plcyees.
 To pro,!*, more efficient manufacturing processes.             ^
 Ta   improve
  protect  thepr^-t
                heal/^f the wear                         .
               ^βη^οτ^^οη                  «Μ–» –1 *"■"
                                               "Χ
                                        -         \
   TJjOjl               ^    . . veloment of materia ^ and processes m
   Hesearch                    other leather end synthase aaterials
   + he shoe inausxry
   processing industnes .
         •««i + petiw? of materials .
                   ^ and construction of th. shoe on the foot cohort .
 ---pagebreak---                             STAFF BROKEN DOWN BY JOB AND QUALIFICATIONS ,
                                                                                                                                      - 6 -
                               GRADUATES                          TECHNICIAM5                  ASSISTANTS                                 TOTAL
                                                                                                          ! :
  Research          CRC                                         1.5                             0.5       I                               2
                    CTG            1      '
                                                              18                              56                                        75
                    PFI            2  i                         1                               8                                       11
                    SATRA        10                           12                              22 .    ,                                44
I                   TNO            2 I                        10 :                                                         .            15
I
                                                                                                                                              i
                                          15                                   42.5                               69.5                              147
i Technical         CRC                                         1.5 •;                    h 0,5                                           2   I
  Assistance CTC                   1                            5'                            14                                        20
                    PFI            1                                                     I ■< 7     .     I
                                                                                                                                          8   ι
                   SATRA          3                           17 /■' !                        15                                        35
                   TNO       '    0,5 I         .      '       7                               3
                                                                                                                     1
                                                                                                                                        10,5
                                       l                 :
                                            5.5                                30,5 |               1          . 39.5                                75,5
                                                          I
                   CRC                                         o# 5                                                                      0.5
                 , CTC                                         6      . ,                    15                                        21
                   PFI            0,5                                                          1      ·                            •      1.5
                   SATRA          1                            7    '                          5                                        13
                   TNO
                                                                                         [ ■; 3                                      ..
                                                                                                                                         3
                                                                                                                                                L._J
                                                                                                                                                1
                                                                                                                         Γ                    ιI 39
                »
                          I
                                            1.5             ι
                                                                               13.5                         ■' '24 ' j
  Pilot            CRC                                                  H
  Production CTC                                   * .
                   PFI                                                                                                   I               "™
                   SATRA          3               i.         12 . ■                            3                                       18
                   TNO
                                                          I
                                            3                                  12                                  3                               18
                                                                            I
  Miscellan- CRC                                                          I !  . » •     I
                                                                                         ! ■ r
                                                                                                                         i                    i
                                                               ~          I                                                              1    !
  eous             CTC            2                            3                             30                                   . 35        I
                   PFI                                                                         2                               '         2
                                                                                                                                                          i
              .    SATRA          3                            3     ' >                                                                 6                l
                   TNO                                                                                                           '       1    i
                                                                                               1'       I I    .                              i
                                            5                                   6      ,                  !      34    •                           45
                                                                                                          ι
                                                                                                        i
  Adminis -        CRC                                                                         1                             ,           1
  t ration         CTC                                         2      '                      26         !                            28
                   PFI           0.5                                                          4                                          4.51
                   SATRA          1                            5        A                    30                                      36
            ,      TNO           0,5                                                          4                                          4,5
                                            2                                   7    .                           65                                74
  TOTAL                                  32                                   111.5-.                         255                                 398,5
 ---pagebreak---                                                 EXPENDITURE OF THE FIVE FOOTWEAR RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENTS - 1974
                                                                      ( in u . a ._ rounded off)
                                                                                                                         i
                     ESTABLISHMENT
       NATURE
                                                   CRG                 CTC ,                 . PFI        . SATRA       j           TNO
                                                ( Belgium )         ( France)        1    ( Germany)   (United Kingdom , [ (Netherlands )     TOTAL
                                                                                                                         1
     . RESEARCH                                72 000           1 890 460               128 420          603 500                304 690 -   2 999 170
    " TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE                     62 000                                    80 600          404 160                144 200       690 960
                                                                                                                                            ■   1  1    1 T–
       FILOT PRODUCTION
                                                                                                         148 J20                          '   148 . 320
    ' PUBLICATIONS                                                  313 280                 2 730                             ■ 44 480        360 490
      MISCELLANEOUS                                                 288 070
 i    - :       , .      ..         •                                                    19 130           53.520-        î         9 670      370 390 ' " ■
 I                          ...                                                                                          I -•   •  . •
 \                   ■ :
 I - ADMINISTRATION                            20 000 .           460 910            !   40 98O          122 160
                                                             I                                                     *>·
                                                                                                                                  73 760      717 810
                                                             1    :       :          i
!1 ; TOTAi,                     *:7       |  154 000         t 2 952.720
                                                             i                    ■  .
                                                                                        271 860      Il 331 760                576 800      5 287 140
                                                                                                     i
      I U . a . _ig equivalent to ; Bfrs . 50                                                                                                              W «
                                        FF ._. _ 5..5419                                                                                                   *
                                        DM __ 3.66
                                        £     " 0.416667
                                 .... . PI .      3.62
 ---pagebreak---                                                                   ANNEX III
           MANAGEMENT OP THE TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME
                        FOR THE FOOTWEAR SECTOR
                           ( for information )
  I. CONTRACTOR
       European Footwear confederation
        President  s M. Raufast
       Secretary General : M. Mayaert
 II . MANAGEMENT OF THE PROGRAMME
        Programme leader t Dr A.R. PAYNE ( SATRA )
        Leader of Project I     s Mr. PILKINGTON ( SATRA )
        Leader of Project II : Mr. SMADJA ( CTC)
        Industry Research liaison officer t Mrs. Jeneriat ( CTC )
III .   PROGRAMME ADVISORY COUNCIL
        Chairman ! Dr A.R. PAYNE ( SATRA )
       Members , delegates of national federations :
       - Mr . REINHARDT , G. Hoffmann GmbH
          6909 Walldorf
                Postfach 1270                               Tel . 06227/1045
       - Mr . R. BERGUT , Industrie de la Chaussure de France
          30 , avenue George V ,
          Paris 8e                                         Tel . 26l.5i.86
       - Mr . L. ROSSI , Calzaturificio F.lli Rossi
          Via Venezia , 44
          30039 Stra ( Venezia )
       – Mr . H. /AN SAMBEEK , o/o Federatie van Nederlandss Schoenfabrikant
          Reitseplein 1
          Tilburg                                          Tel . 013/678000
      - Mr. A.T. CLOTHIER , C larks Ltd .
         40 High St .
         STREET . Somerset BA 16 OYA                       Tel . Street 3131
      Members , delegates from research establishments
      - Mr. BEATEN ( TNO )
      - Mr . LESUISSE ( CRC )
      - Mr. MATTIL ( FFl )
      - Mr. SMADJA ( CTC )
      Observers , delegates from the Commission :
         not known
      Secretary : Mrs. Jeneriat ( CTC )
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 2 -
IV . SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COMMITTEES FOR THE PROJECTS
     Project I s Chairman : Mr. PILKINOTON ( SATRA)
                  Secretariat : Mrs. Jeneriat ( CTC )
                  Research members                     Consumer m embers
                  Mr . LESUISSE fCRC-TNO )                 not known
                  Mr . MATTIL   ( PFl )
                  Mr . SMADJA   ( CTC )
     Project II : Chairman : Mr. SMADJA ( CTC )
                  Secretariat : Mrs. Jeneriat (CTC )
                  Research members                     Consumer members
                  Mr. ALLOWAY ( SATRA )                    not known
                  Mr. BAETEN ( TNO-CRC)
                  Mr. MATTIL ( PFl )
 V. LABORATORIES EXECUTANTS
     - Centre de Recherches Techniques et Scientifiques des Industries du
       Cuir : CRC
       27 i avenue P&ul-Henri Spaak , B-1070 Brmcelles     Tel . ( 02 ) 522.48.95
     - Centre Technique du Cuir : CTC
       l8l . avenue Jean-Jaurès , F-69007 Lyon             Tel . ( 78 ) 69.50.12
                                                           Telex : EUROL 330949 F
     - Prüf- und Forschungsinstitut für
       die Schuhherstellung : PFI
       2 , Hans Sachs Strasse . D-678 Pirmasens            Tel . ( 06331 ) 74017
     - Shoe and Allied Trades Association : SATRA
       Satra House ,
       Rockingham Road , Kettering Northants HN16 9 JH     Tel . ( 0536 ) 3151
                                                           Telex : 34323
     - Instituut voor Leder en Schoenen l TNO
       55 1 Mr Van Coothstraat , Waalwi .ik                Tel . ( 04160 ) 33255
                                                           Telex : 50502
 ---pagebreak---                              Financial Record
Part I : Intervention appropriations
1.  Relevant "budget heading :  Item 3721
2.  Title of "budget heading :  Footwear research programme
3.  Legal basis ?   Article 235    "the EEC Treaty
4*  Description , objectives and .justification of the operation
    4*0 Description of the operation/persons concerned
           4*0.0 Description :  Performance of three research projects
                  in cooperation with the Community foot^ar industry .
           4.0.1 Persons concerned
                  EEC footwear industry .
    4.1   Objective of the operation
           4.1.0 General objective :   To foster research and make use of
                  technological progress in the footwear sector .
           4.1.1 Specific objectives : To rationalize production , make
                  better use of raw materials and energy and improve
                  production conditions .
    4*2   Justification of the operation selected
          Collective research organizations will carry out the programme
          which is to be financed jointly by the Community and the industry .
          The objectives set are limited , thus permitting the economical
          and efficient use of public money , and also encouraging private
          initiatives , particularly in tho fcrm of complementary programmes
          carried out by certain enterprises at their own expense     It
          should be noted that the footwear sector in Europe ie "b'j'st by
          many problems .
5»  Financial implications of the operation
    5«0   Implications in respect of expenditure
 ---pagebreak---         1976                 1977               1978                1979
 Appropriations         Requirements              Expected commitments
                           90 000             80 000               65 000
    5.1 Method of calculation : Plat-rate financial contribution by the
           Community .
6.  "Type of control to be applied
    6.0 Commission departments will verify the performance of the
           research contracts .
    6.1 ) On completion of the projects , the Commission and the
    6«2 )
         ' industry will examine , in the light of the results obtained,
           whether research should be continued and if so in what form .
Part II : Additional data to be provided for a new operation
7.  Overall financial implications of the operation for the whole of
    its expected duration
    7 .0 In respect of expenditure
           Budget of the Communities                 235 000
           Private sector                          1 120 000
           Total cost                              1 355 000 u.a .
    7.1    In respect of resources
8.  Information regarding staffing
    8.0    Staff required
           j ç j part-time
    8.1    Additional staff :  none .
9.  Financing the operation
    Appropriations to be entered in future, budgets .