CELEX: 52008PC0098
Language: en
Date: 2008-02-27
Title: Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, and the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability (Codified version)

Important legal notice

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52008PC0098

Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, and the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability (Codified version)  /* COM/2008/0098 final - COD 2008/0003 */  

	[pic] | COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES |Brussels, 27.2.2008COM(2008)98 final2008/0037(COD)Proposal for aDIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCILrelating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, and the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability (Codified version)(presented by the Commission)EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM1. In the context of a people’s Europe, the Commission attaches great importance to simplifying and clarifying Community law so as to make it clearer and more accessible to the ordinary citizen, thus giving him new opportunities and the chance to make use of the specific rights it gives him.This aim cannot be achieved so long as numerous provisions that have been amended several times, often quite substantially, remain scattered, so that they must be sought partly in the original instrument and partly in later amending ones. Considerable research work, comparing many different instruments, is thus needed to identify the current rules.For this reason a codification of rules that have frequently been amended is also essential if Community law is to be clear and transparent.2. On 1 April 1987 the Commission therefore decided[1] to instruct its staff that all legislative acts should be codified after no more than ten amendments, stressing that this is a minimum requirement and that departments should endeavour to codify at even shorter intervals the texts for which they are responsible, to ensure that the Community rules are clear and readily understandable.3. The Conclusions of the Presidency of the Edinburgh European Council (December 1992) confirmed this[2], stressing the importance of codification as it offers certainty as to the law applicable to a given matter at a given time.Codification must be undertaken in full compliance with the normal Community legislative procedure.Given that no changes of substance may be made to the instruments affected by codification , the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission have agreed, by an interinstitutional agreement dated 20 December 1994, that an accelerated procedure may be used for the fast-track adoption of codification instruments.4. The purpose of this proposal is to undertake a codification of Council Directive 72/166/EEC of 24 April 1972 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles and to the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability, of the second Council Directive 84/5/ECC of 30 December 1983 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, of the third Council Directive 90/232/EEC of 14 May 1990 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, of Directive 2000/26/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 May 2000 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles (fourth motor insurance Directive) and of Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2005 amending Council Directives 72/166/ECC, 84/5/ECC, 88/357/EEC and 90/232/EEC and Directive 2000/26/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles[3] . The new Directive will supersede the various acts incorporated in it[4]; this proposal fully preserves the content of the acts being codified and hence does no more than bring them together with only such formal amendments as are required by the codification exercise itself.5. The codification proposal was drawn up on the basis of preliminary consolidations , in all official languages, of Directives 72/166/EEC, 84/5/EEC, 90/232/EEC, 2000/26/EC and 2005/14/EC and the instruments amending it, carried out by the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, by means of a data-processing system . Where the Articles have been given new numbers, the correlation between the old and the new numbers is shown in a table contained in Annex II to the codified Directive.ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)2008/0037 (COD)Proposal for aDIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCILrelating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, and the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability(Text with EEA relevance)THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article Ö 95(1) Õ thereof,Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee[5],Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty[6],Whereas:ê1.  Council Directive 72/166/EEC of 24 April 1972 on the approximation of the laws of Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles, and to the enforcement of the obligation to insure against such liability, [7] the second Council Directive 84/5/ECC of 30 December 1983 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles[8], of the third Council Directive 90/232/EEC of 14 May 1990 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles[9], Directive 2000/26/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 May 2000 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles (fourth motor insurance Directive)[10] have been substantially amended several times[11]. In the interests of clarity and rationality these four Directives should be codified as well as Directive 2005/14/EEC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2005 amending Council Directives 72/166/ECC, 84/5/ECC, 88/357/EEC and 90/232/EEC and Directive 2000/26/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council relating to insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles[12].ê 2005/14/EC Recital 1 (adapted)2.  Insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles (motor insurance) is of special importance for European citizens, whether they are policyholders or victims of an accident. It is also a major concern for insurance undertakings as it constitutes an important part of non-life insurance business in the Community. Motor insurance also has an impact on the free movement of persons and vehicles. It should therefore be a key objective of Community action in the field of financial services to reinforce and consolidate the Ö internal Õ market in motor insurance.ê 84/5/EEC Recital 2 (adapted)3.  Each Member State Ö must Õ take all Ö necessary Õ measures to ensure that civil liability in respect of the use of vehicles normally based in its territory is covered by insurance. The extent of the liability covered and the terms and conditions of the insurance cover are to be determined on the basis of those measures.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 44.  In order to exclude any possible misinterpretation of the provisions of this Directive and to make it easier to obtain insurance cover for vehicles bearing temporary plates, the definition of the territory in which the vehicle is normally based should refer to the territory of the State of which the vehicle bears a registration plate, irrespective of whether such a plate is permanent or temporary.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 5 (adapted)5.  Ö While respecting Õ the general criterion of the registration plate to determine the territory in which the vehicle is normally based, a special rule should be laid down for accidents caused by vehicles without a registration plate or bearing a registration plate which does not correspond or no longer corresponds to the vehicle. In this case and for the sole purpose of settling the claim, the territory in which the vehicle is normally based should be considered to be the territory in which the accident took place.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 6 (adapted)6.  Ö A Õ prohibition of systematic checks on motor insurance should apply to vehicles normally based in the territory of another Member State as well as to vehicles normally based in the territory of a third country but entering from the territory of another Member State. Only non-systematic checks which are not discriminatory and are carried out as part of a control not aimed exclusively at insurance verification may be permitted.ê 72/166/EEC Recital 7 (adapted)7.  The abolition of checks on green cards for vehicles normally based in a Member State entering the territory of another Member State can be effected by means of an agreement between the national insurers' bureaux, whereby each national bureau would guarantee compensation in accordance with the provisions of national law in respect of any loss or injury giving entitlement to compensation caused in its territory by one of those vehicles, whether or not insured.ê 72/166/EEC Recital 8 (adapted)8.  Such a guarantee agreement presupposes that all Community motor vehicles travelling in Community territory are covered by insurance. The national law of each Member State should, therefore, provide for the compulsory insurance of vehicles against civil liability, the insurance to be valid throughout Community territory.ê 72/166/EEC Recital 9 (adapted)9.  Whereas the system provided for in this Directive could be extended to vehicles normally based in the territory of any third country in respect of which the national bureaux of the Member States have concluded a similar agreement.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 7 (adapted)10.  Ö Each Õ Member State Ö should be able Õ to act in derogation from the general obligation to take out compulsory insurance in respect of vehicles belonging to certain natural or public or private legal persons. For accidents caused by such vehicles, the Member State so derogating must designate an authority or body to compensate for the damage to victims of accidents caused in another Member State. Ö It should be Õ ensured that due compensation is paid not only to the victims of accidents caused by these vehicles abroad but also the victims of accidents occurring in the same Member State in which the vehicle is normally based, whether or not they are resident in its territory. Furthermore, Member States should ensure that the list of persons exempt from compulsory insurance and the authorities or bodies responsible for compensation of victims of accidents caused by such vehicles is communicated to the Commission for publication.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 8 (adapted)11.  Ö Each Õ Member State Ö should be able Õ to act in derogation from the general obligation to take out compulsory insurance in respect of certain types of vehicles or certain vehicles having a special plate. In that case, the other Member States are allowed to require, at the entry into their territory, a valid green card or a frontier insurance contract, in order to ensure the provision of compensation to victims of any accident which may be caused by those vehicles in their territories. However, since the elimination of border controls within the Community means that it is not possible to ensure that vehicles crossing frontiers are covered by insurance, compensation for victims of accidents caused abroad cannot be guaranteed. It should also be ensured that due compensation is awarded not only to the victims of accidents caused by those vehicles abroad, but also in the same Member State in which the vehicle is normally based. For this purpose, Member States should treat the victims of accidents caused by those vehicles in the same way as victims of accidents caused by non-insured vehicles. Indeed, compensation to victims of accidents caused by uninsured vehicles should be paid by the compensation body of the Member State in which the accident took place. Where payments are made to victims of accidents caused by vehicles subject to the derogation, the compensation body should have a claim against the body of the Member State in which the vehicle is normally based. After a Ö certain Õ period of the implementation and application of this Ö possibility of Õ derogation, Ö and taking into account the experiences taken from this, the Commission should, when appropriate, Õ submit proposals for its replacement or repeal.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 10 (adapted)12.  Member States' obligations to guarantee insurance cover at least in respect of certain minimum amounts constitute an important element in ensuring the protection of victims. The minimum amount of cover for personal injury should be calculated so as to compensate fully and fairly all victims who have suffered very serious injuries, whilst taking into account the low frequency of accidents involving several victims and the small number of accidents in which several victims suffer very serious injuries in the course of one and the same event. A minimum amount of cover per victim or per claim Ö should be provided Õ. With a view to facilitating the introduction of these minimum amounts, a transitional period should be established. Ö However, a shorter period than the transitional period should be provided in which Õ Member States should increase Ö these Õ amounts to at least a half of those levels.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 11 (adapted)13.  In order to ensure that the minimum amount of cover is not eroded over time, a periodic review clause should be Ö provided Õ using as a benchmark the European Index of Consumer Prices (EICP) published by Eurostat, as provided for in Council Regulation (EC) No 2494/95 of 23 October 1995 concerning harmonised indices of consumer prices[13]. Procedural rules governing such a review Ö should also Õ be Ö provided Õ.ê 84/5/EEC Recital 6 (adapted)14.  Whereas it is necessary to make provision for a body to guarantee that the victim will not remain without compensation where the vehicle which caused the accident is uninsured or unidentified. It is important, to provide that the victim of such an accident should be able to apply directly to that body as a first point of contact. However, Member States should be given the possibility of applying certain limited exclusions as regards the payment of compensation by that body and of providing that compensation for damage to property caused by an unidentified vehicle may be limited or excluded in view of the danger of fraud.ê 84/5/EEC Recital 715.  It is in the interest of victims that the effects of certain exclusion clauses be limited to the relationship between the insurer and the person responsible for the accident. However, in the case of vehicles stolen or obtained by violence, Member States may specify that compensation will be payable by the abovementioned body.ê 84/5/EEC Recital 816.  In order to alleviate the financial burden on that body, Member States may make provision for the application of certain excesses where the body provides compensation for damage to property caused by uninsured vehicles or, where appropriate, vehicles stolen or obtained by violence.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 12 (adapted)17.  The option of limiting or excluding Ö a legitimate Õ compensation Ö for victims Õ on the basis that the vehicle is not identified should not apply where the body has paid compensation for significant personal injuries to any victim of the same accident in which the damage to property was caused. Member States may provide for an excess up to the limit set out in Ö this Õ Directive for which the victim of the damage to property may be responsible. The conditions in which personal injuries are to be considered significant should be determined by the national legislation or administrative provisions of the Member State where the accident takes place. In establishing these conditions, the Member State may take into account, inter alia, whether the injury has required hospital care.ê 90/232/EEC Recital 9 (adapted)18.  In the case of an accident caused by an uninsured vehicle, the victim is required in certain Member States to prove that the party liable is unable or refuses to pay compensation before he can claim Ö to the body which compensates victims of accidents caused by uninsured or unidentified vehicles Õ. This body is Ö however Õ better placed than the victim to bring an action against the party liable. Therefore, Ö it should be provided that Õ this body Ö cannot Õ require that the victim, if he is to be compensated, should establish that the party liable is unable or refuses to pay.ê 90/232/EEC Recital 1019.  In the event of a dispute between the body referred to above and a civil liability insurer as to which of them should compensate the victim of an accident, Member States, to avoid any delay in the payment of compensation to the victim, should ensure that one of these parties is designated to be responsible in the first instance for paying compensation pending resolution of the dispute.ê 90/232/EEC Recital 420.  Motor vehicle accident victims should be guaranteed comparable treatment irrespective of where in the Community accidents occur.ê 84/5/EEC Recital 9 (adapted)21.  The members of the family of the Ö policyholder Õ, driver or any other person liable should be afforded protection comparable to that of other third parties, in any event in respect of their personal injuries.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 1622.  Personal injuries and damage to property suffered by pedestrians, cyclists and other non-motorised users of the road, who are usually the weakest party in an accident, should be covered by the compulsory insurance of the vehicle involved in the accident where they are entitled to compensation under national civil law. This provision does not prejudge the civil liability or the level of awards for damages in a specific accident, under national legislation.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 1523.  The inclusion within the insurance cover of any passenger in the vehicle is a major achievement of the existing legislation. This objective would be placed in jeopardy if national legislation or any contractual clause contained in an insurance contract excluded passengers from insurance cover because they knew or should have known that the driver of the vehicle was under the influence of alcohol or of any other intoxicating agent at the time of the accident. The passenger is not usually in a position to assess properly the intoxication level of the driver. The objective of discouraging persons from driving whilst under the influence of intoxicating agents is not achieved by reducing the insurance cover for passengers who are victims of motor vehicle accidents. Cover of such passengers under the vehicle's compulsory motor insurance does not prejudge any liability they might incur pursuant to the applicable national legislation, nor the level of any award of damages in a specific accident.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 1724.  Some insurance undertakings insert into insurance policies clauses to the effect that the contract will be cancelled if the vehicle remains outside the Member State of registration for longer than a specified period. This practice is in conflict with the principle set out in this Directive, according to which the compulsory motor insurance should cover, on the basis of a single premium, the entire territory of the Community. It should therefore be specified that the insurance cover is to remain valid during the whole term of the contract, irrespective of whether the vehicle remains in another Member State for a particular period, without prejudice to the obligations under Member States' national legislation with respect to the registration of vehicles.ê 90/232/EEC Recital 6 (adapted)25.  All compulsory motor insurance policies must cover the entire territory of the Community.ê 90/232/EEC Recital 7 (adapted)26.  In the interests of the party insured, every insurance policy should, guarantee for a single premium, in each Member State, the cover required by its law or the cover required by the law of the Member State where the vehicle is normally based, when that cover is higher.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 1827.  Steps should be taken to make it easier to obtain insurance cover for vehicles imported from one Member State into another, even though the vehicle is not yet registered in the Member State of destination. A temporary derogation from the general rule determining the Member State where the risk is situated should be made available. For a period of 30 days from the date when the vehicle is delivered, made available or dispatched to the purchaser, the Member State of destination should be considered to be the Member State where the risk is situated.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 1928.  Any person wishing to take out a new motor insurance contract with another insurer should be in a position to justify his accident and claims record under the old contract. The policyholder should have the right to request at any time a statement concerning the claims, or the absence of claims, involving the vehicle or vehicles covered by the insurance contract at least during the preceding five years of the contractual relationship. The insurance undertaking, or any body which may have been appointed by a Member State to provide compulsory insurance or to supply such statements, should provide this statement to the policyholder within 15 days of the request.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 2029.  In order to ensure due protection of victims of motor vehicle accidents, Member States should not permit insurance undertakings to rely on excesses against an injured party.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 21 (adapted)30.  The right to invoke the insurance contract and to claim against the insurance undertaking directly is of great importance for the protection of victims of motor vehicle accidents. In order to facilitate an efficient and speedy settlement of claims and to avoid as far as possible costly legal proceedings, Ö a Õ right Ö of direct action against the insurance undertaking covering the person responsible against civil liability Õ should be Ö provided for Õ victims of any motor vehicle accident.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 22 (adapted)31.  Ö In order to obtain an adequate level of protection for Õ victims of motor vehicle accidents, Ö a Õ “reasoned offer” procedure should be extended to any kind of motor vehicle accident. This same procedure should also apply mutatis mutandis where the accident is settled by the system of national insurers' bureaux.ê 2005/14/EC Recital 24 and 2000/26/EC Recital 16(a) (adapted)32.  Under Article 11(2) read in conjunction with Article 9(1)(b) of Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters[14], injured parties may bring legal proceedings against the civil liability insurance provider in the Member State in which they are domiciled.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 533.  The green card bureau system ensures the ready settlement of claims in the injured party's own country even where the other party comes from a different European country.ê 2000/26/EC Recitals 11 and 12 (adapted)34.  Injured parties as a result of a motor vehicle accident falling within the scope of this Directive and occurring in a State other than that of their residence Ö should Õ be entitled to claim in their Member State of residence against a claims representative appointed there by the insurance undertaking of the responsible party. This solution would enable damage suffered by injured parties outside their Member State of residence to be dealt with by procedures familiar to them.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 1335.  This system of having claims representatives in the injured party's Member State of residence affects neither the substantive law to be applied in each individual case nor the matter of jurisdiction.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 14 (adapted)36.  The existence of a direct right of action against the insurance undertaking for the Öinjured Õ party is a logical supplement to the appointment of such representatives and moreover improves the legal position of injured parties of motor vehicle accidents occurring outside that party's Member State of residence.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 15 (adapted)37.  It should be provided that the Member State where the insurance undertaking is authorised should require the undertaking to appoint claims representatives resident or established in the other Member States to collect all necessary information in relation to claims resulting from such accidents and to take appropriate action to settle the claims on behalf and for the account of the insurance undertaking, including the payment of compensation therefore. Claims representatives should have sufficient powers to represent the insurance undertaking in relation to persons suffering damage from such accidents, and also to represent the insurance undertaking before national authorities including, where necessary, before the courts, in so far as this is compatible with the rules of private international law on the conferral of jurisdiction.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 1638.  The activities of the claims representative are not sufficient in order to confer jurisdiction on the courts in the injured party's Member State of residence if the rules of private international law on the conferral of jurisdiction do not so provide.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 17 (adapted)39.  The appointment of representatives responsible for settling claims should be one of the conditions for access to and carrying on the activity of insurance listed in class 10 of point A of the Annex to First Council Directive 73/239/EEC of 24 July 1973 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the taking-up and pursuit of the business of direct insurance other than life assurance[15], except for carriers' liability; that condition should therefore be covered by the single official authorisation issued by the authorities of the Member State where the insurance undertaking establishes its head office, as specified in Title II of Council Directive 92/49/EEC of 18 June 1992 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to direct insurance other than life assurance and amending Directives 73/239/EEC and 88/357/EEC (third non-life insurance Directive)[16]. that condition should also apply to insurance undertakings having their head office outside the Community which have secured an authorisation granting them access to the activity of insurance in a Member State of the Community.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 1840.  In addition to ensuring that the insurance undertaking has a representative in the State where the injured party resides, it is appropriate to guarantee the specific right of the injured party to have the claim settled promptly; it is therefore necessary to include in national law appropriate effective and systematic financial or equivalent administrative penalties — such as injunctions combined with administrative fines, reporting to supervisory authorities on a regular basis, on-the-spot checks, publications in the national official journal and in the press, suspension of the activities of the company (prohibition on the conclusion of new contracts for a certain period), designation of a special representative of the supervisory authorities responsible for monitoring that the business is run in line with insurance laws, withdrawal of the authorisation for this business line, sanctions to be imposed on directors and management staff — in the event that the insurance undertaking or its representative fails to fulfil its obligation to make an offer of compensation within a reasonable time-limit. This should not prejudice the application of any other measure — especially under supervisory law — which may be considered appropriate. However, it is a condition that liability and the damage and injury sustained should not be in dispute, so that the insurance undertaking is able to make a reasoned offer within the prescribed time-limit; the reasoned offer of compensation should be in writing and contain the grounds on the basis of which liability and damages have been assessed.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 1941.  In addition to those sanctions, it is appropriate to provide that interest should be payable on the amount of compensation offered by the insurance undertaking or awarded by the court to the injured party when the offer has not been made within the said prescribed time-limit. If Member States have existing national rules which cover the requirement for late-payment interest this provision could be implemented by a reference to those rules.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 20 and 2005/14/EC Recital 23 (adapted)42.  Injured parties suffering loss or injury as a result of motor vehicle accidents sometimes have difficulty in establishing the name of the insurance undertaking providing insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of motor vehicles involved in an accident. In order to make it easier for the party to seek compensation, the information centres set up should be Ö able Õ to provide information concerning any motor vehicle accident.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2143.  In the interest of such injured parties, Member States should set up information centres to ensure that such information is made available promptly. Those information centres should also make available to injured parties information concerning claims representatives. It is necessary that such centres should cooperate with each other and respond rapidly to requests for information about claims representatives made by centres in other Member States. It seems appropriate that such centres should collect information about the actual termination date of the insurance cover but not about the expiry of the original validity of the policy if the duration of the contract is extended owing to non-cancellation.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2244.  Specific provision should be made with respect to vehicles (for example, government or military vehicles) which fall under the exemptions from the obligation to be insured against civil liability.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2345.  The injured party may have a legitimate interest in being informed about the identity of the owner or usual driver or the registered keeper of the vehicle, for example if he can obtain compensation only from these persons because the vehicle is not duly insured or the damage exceeds the sum insured, this information should also be provided accordingly.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2446.  Certain information provided, such as the name and address of the owner or usual driver of the vehicle and the number of the insurance policy or the registration number of the vehicle, constitutes personal data within the meaning of Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data[17]. The processing of such data which is required for the purposes of this Directive must therefore comply with the national measures taken pursuant to Directive 95/46/EC. The name and address of the usual driver should be communicated only if national legislation provides for such communication.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2547.  It is necessary to make provision for a compensation body to which the injured party may apply where the insurance undertaking has failed to appoint a representative or is manifestly dilatory in settling a claim or where the insurance undertaking cannot be identified to guarantee that the injured party will not remain without the compensation to which he is entitled. The intervention of the compensation body should be limited to rare individual cases where the insurance undertaking has failed to comply with its duties in spite of the dissuasive effect of the potential imposition of penalties.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2648.  The role played by the compensation body is that of settling the claim in respect of any loss or injury suffered by the injured party only in cases which are capable of objective determination and therefore the compensation body must limit its activity to verifying that an offer of compensation has been made in accordance with the time-limits and procedures laid down, without any assessment of the merits.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 2749.  Legal persons who are subrogated by law to the injured party in his claims against the person responsible for the accident or the latter's insurance undertaking (such as, for example, other insurance undertakings or social security bodies) should not be entitled to present the corresponding claim to the compensation body.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 28 (adapted)50.  The compensation body Ö shall Õ have a right of subrogation in so far as it has compensated the injured party. In order to facilitate enforcing the compensation body's claim against the insurance undertaking where it has failed to appoint a claims representative or is manifestly dilatory in settling a claim, the body providing compensation in the injured party's State should Ö also Õ enjoy an automatic right of reimbursement with subrogation to the rights of the injured party on the part of the corresponding body in the State where the insurance undertaking is established. Ö This Õ body is the best placed to institute proceedings for recourse against the insurance undertaking.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 29 (adapted)51.  Even though Member States may provide that the claim against the compensation body may be subsidiary, the injured person should not be obliged to present his claim to the person responsible for the accident before presenting it to the compensation body. In this case the injured party should be in at least the same position as in the case of a claim against the guarantee fund.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 3052.  This system can be made to function by means of an agreement between the compensation bodies established or approved by the Member States defining their functions and obligations and the procedures for reimbursement.ê 2000/26/EC Recital 31 (adapted)53.  Where it is impossible to identify the insurer of the vehicle, Ö it should be provided Õ that the ultimate debtor in respect of the damages to be paid to the injured party is the guarantee fund provided for Ö this purpose Õ situated in the Member State where the non-insured vehicle, the use of which has caused the accident, is normally based. Where it is impossible to identify the vehicle, Ö it should be provided Õ that the ultimate debtor is the guarantee fund provided for Ö this purpose Õ situated in the Member State in which the accident occurred.ê54.  This Directive should be without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time-limits for transposition into national law [and application] of the Directives set out in Annex I, Part B,ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:Chapter 1Ö General provisions ÕArticle 1Ö Definitions ÕFor the purposes of this Directive:(1) ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle intended for travel on land and propelled by mechanical power, but not running on rails, and any trailer, whether or not coupled;(2) ‘injured party’ means any person entitled to compensation in respect of any loss or injury caused by vehicles;(3) ‘national insurers’ bureau’ means a professional organisation which is constituted in accordance with Recommendation No 5 adopted on 25 January 1949 by the Road Transport Sub-committee of the Inland Transport Committee of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and which groups together insurance undertakings which, in a State, are authorised to conduct the business of motor vehicle insurance against civil liability;(4) ‘territory in which the vehicle is normally based’ means:ê 2005/14/EC Art.1pt.1(a)(a) the territory of the State of which the vehicle bears a registration plate, irrespective of whether the plate is permanent or temporary; orê 72/166/EEC(b) in cases where no registration is required for a type of vehicle but the vehicle bears an insurance plate, or a distinguishing sign analogous to the registration plate, the territory of the State in which the insurance plate or the sign is issued; or(c) in cases where neither registration plate nor insurance plate nor distinguishing sign is required for certain types of vehicle, the territory of the State in which the person who has custody of the vehicle is permanently resident; orê 2005/14/EC Art. 1 pt 1(b)(d) in cases where the vehicle does not bear any registration plate or bears a registration plate which does not correspond or no longer corresponds to the vehicle and has been involved in an accident, the territory of the State in which the accident took place, for the purpose of settling the claim as provided for in the first indent of Article 2(a) or in Article 10;ê 72/166/EEC(5) ‘green card’ means an international certificate of insurance issued on behalf of a national bureau in accordance with Recommendation No 5 adopted on 25 January 1949 by the Road Transport Sub-committee of the Inland Transport Committee of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe;ê 2000/26/EC (adapted)(6) ‘insurance undertaking’ means an undertaking which has received its official authorisation in accordance with Article 6 or Article 23(2) of Directive 73/239/EEC;(7) ‘establishment’ means the head office, agency or branch of an insurance undertaking as defined in Article 2(c) of Council Directive 88/357/EEC[18].ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)è1 72/430/EEC Art. 1Article 2Ö Scope ÕThe provisions of Articles Ö 4, 6, 7 and 8 apply to vehicles normally based on the territory of the Member States Õ:(a) è1 after an agreement has been concluded between the national insurers' bureaux under the terms of which each national bureau guarantees the settlement, in accordance with the provisions of national law on compulsory insurance, of claims in respect of accidents occurring in its territory, caused by vehicles normally based in the territory of a another Member State, whether or not such vehicles are insured; ç(b) from the date fixed by the Commission, upon its having ascertained in close cooperation with the Member States that such an agreement has been concluded;(c) for the duration of that agreement.Article 3Ö Compulsory insurance of vehicles ÕEach Member State shall, subject to Article 5, take all appropriate measures to ensure that civil liability in respect of the use of vehicles normally based in its territory is covered by insurance.The extent of the liability covered and the terms and conditions of the cover shall be determined on the basis of Ö the Õ measures Ö referred to in the first subparagraph Õ.Each Member State shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the contract of insurance also covers:(a) according to the law in force in other Member States, any loss or injury which is caused in the territory of those States;(b) any loss or injury suffered by nationals of Member States during a direct journey between two territories in which the Treaty is in force, if there is no national insurers' bureau responsible for the territory which is being crossed; in that case, the loss or injury shall be covered in accordance with the internal laws on compulsory insurance in force in the Member State in whose territory the vehicle is normally based.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 2The insurance referred to in the first subparagraph shall cover compulsorily both damage to property and personal injuries.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 1 pt. 2 (adapted)Article 4Ö Checks on insurance ÕMember States shall refrain from making checks on insurance against civil liability in respect of vehicles normally based in the territory of another Member State and in respect of vehicles normally based in the territory of a third country entering their territory from the territory of another Member State. However, they may carry out non-systematic checks on insurance provided that they are not discriminatory and are carried out as part of a control which is not aimed exclusively at insurance verification.ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)Article 5Ö Derogation of Compulsory insurance of vehicles Õ1. A Member State may act in derogation of Article 3 in respect of certain natural or legal persons, public or private; the list of such persons shall be drawn up by the State concerned and communicated to the other Member States and to the Commission.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 1 pt. 3(a)(i)A Member State so derogating shall take the appropriate measures to ensure that compensation is paid in respect of any loss or injury caused in its territory and in the territory of other Member States by vehicles belonging to such persons.ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)It shall in particular designate an authority or body in the country where the loss or injury occurs responsible for compensating injured parties in accordance with the laws of that State in cases where point (a) of Article 2 is not applicable.ê 2005/14/EC Art.1 pt. 3(a)(ii)It shall communicate to the Commission the list of persons exempt from compulsory insurance and the authorities or bodies responsible for compensation.The Commission shall publish the list.ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)2. Ö A Member State may act in derogation of Article 3 in respect of Õ certain types of vehicle or certain vehicles having a special plate; the list of such types or of such vehicles shall be drawn up by the State concerned and communicated to the other Member States and to the Commission.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 1 pt. 3(b) (adapted)In that case Member States shall ensure that vehicles referred to in the first subparagraph are treated in the same way as vehicles for which the insurance obligation provided for in Article 3 has not been satisfied.The compensation body referred to in Article 10(1) of the Member State in which the accident has taken place shall then have a claim against the guarantee fund provided for in Article 10(1) in the Member State where the vehicle is normally based.Ö From 11 June 2010 Õ Member States shall report to the Commission on the implementation and practical application of this Ö paragraph Õ.The Commission, after having examined these reports, shall, if appropriate, submit proposals on the replacement or repeal of this derogation.ê 72/166/EEC (adapted)Article 6Ö The national insurers' bureau ÕEach Member State shall ensure that, where an accident is caused in its territory by a vehicle normally based in the territory of another Member State, the national insurers' bureau shall, without prejudice to the obligation referred to in Article 2(a), obtain information:(a) as to the territory in which the vehicle is normally based, and as to its registration mark, if any;(b) in so far as is possible, as to the details of the insurance of the vehicle, as they normally appear on the green card, which are in the possession of the person having custody of the vehicle, to the extent that these details are required by the Member State in whose territory the vehicle is normally based.Each Member State shall also ensure that the bureau communicates Ö the Õ information Ö referred to in points (a) and (b) Õ to the national insurers' bureau of the State in whose territory the vehicle Ö referred to in the first paragraph Õ is normally based.Chapter 2Ö Provisions concerning vehicles normally based in the territory of third countries ÕArticle 7Ö National measures concerning vehicles normally based on the territory of third countries ÕEach Member State shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that vehicles normally based in the territory of a third country entering the territory in which the Treaty is in force shall not be used in its territory unless any loss or injury caused by those vehicles is covered, in accordance with the requirements of the laws of the various Member States on compulsory insurance against civil liability in respect of the use of vehicles, throughout the territory in which the Treaty is in force.Article 8Ö Documentation concerning vehicles normally based in the territory of third countries Õ1. Every vehicle normally based in the territory of a third country must, before entering the territory in which the Treaty is in force, be provided either with a valid green card or with a certificate of frontier insurance establishing that the vehicle is insured in accordance with Article 7.However, vehicles normally based in a third country shall be treated as vehicles normally based in the Community if the national bureaux of all the Member States severally guarantee, each in accordance with the provisions of its own national law on compulsory insurance, settlement of claims in respect of accidents occurring in their territory caused by such vehicles.2. Upon having ascertained, in close cooperation with the Member States, that the obligations referred to in paragraph 1, second subparagraph, have been assumed, the Commission shall fix the date from which and the types of vehicles for which Member States shall no longer require production of the documents referred to in paragraph 1, first subparagraph.ê 2005/14/EC Art.2 (adapted)Chapter 3Ö Minimum amounts covered by compulsory insurance ÕArticle 9Ö Minimum amounts Õ1. Without prejudice to any higher guarantees which Member States may lay down, each Member State shall require Ö the Õ insurance Ö referred to in Article 3 Õ to be compulsory at least in respect of the following amounts:(a) in the case of personal injury, a minimum amount of cover of EUR 1 000 000 per victim or EUR 5 000 000 per claim, whatever the number of victims;(b) in the case of damage to property, EUR 1 000 000 per claim, whatever the number of victims.If necessary, Member States may establish a transitional period Ö extending until 10 June 2012 at the latest Õ within which to adapt their minimum amounts of cover to the amounts provided for in the first subparagraph.Member States establishing such a transitional period shall inform the Commission thereof and indicate the duration of the transitional period.Ö However, until the 10 December 2008 at the latest Õ Member States shall increase guarantees to at least a half of the levels provided for in the first subparagraph.2. Every five years after Ö 11 June 2005 Õ or the end of any transitional period as referred to in paragraph 1, second subparagraph, the amounts referred to in that paragraph shall be reviewed, in line with the European Index of Consumer Prices (EICP), as set out in Council Regulation (EC) No 2494/95[19].The amounts shall be adjusted automatically. Such amounts shall be increased by the percentage change indicated by the EICP for the relevant period, that is to say, the five years immediately preceding the review Ö referred to in first subparagraph Õ, and rounded up to a multiple of EUR 10 000.The Commission shall communicate the adjusted amounts to the European Parliament and the Council and shall ensure their publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .Chapter 4Ö Compensation for damages caused by an unidentified vehicle or a vehicle for which the insurance obligation provided for in Article 3 has not been satisfied ÕArticle 10Ö Body responsible for compensation Õ1. Each Member State shall set up or authorise a body with the task of providing compensation, at least up to the limits of the insurance obligation for damage to property or personal injuries caused by an unidentified vehicle or a vehicle for which the insurance obligation provided for in Article 3 has not been satisfied.The first subparagraph shall be without prejudice to the right of the Member States to regard compensation by the body as subsidiary or non-subsidiary and the right to make provision for the settlement of claims between the body and the person or persons responsible for the accident and other insurers or social security bodies required to compensate the victim in respect of the same accident. However, Member States may not allow the body to make the payment of compensation conditional on the victim establishing in any way that the person liable is unable or refuses to pay.2. The victim may in any event apply directly to the body which, on the basis of information provided at its request by the victim, shall be obliged to give him a reasoned reply regarding the payment of any compensation.Member States may, however, exclude the payment of compensation by that body in respect of persons who voluntarily entered the vehicle which caused the damage or injury when the body can prove that they knew it was uninsured.3. Member States may limit or exclude the payment of compensation by the body in the event of damage to property by an unidentified vehicle.However, where the body has paid compensation for significant personal injuries to any victim of the same accident in which damage to property was caused by an unidentified vehicle, Member States may not exclude the payment of compensation for damage to property on the basis that the vehicle is not identified. Nevertheless, Member States may provide for an excess of not more than EUR 500 for which the victim of such damage to property may be responsible.The conditions in which personal injuries are to be considered significant shall be determined in accordance with the legislation or administrative provisions of the Member State in which the accident takes place. In this regard, Member States may take into account, inter alia, whether the injury has required hospital care.4. Each Member State shall apply its laws, regulations and administrative provisions to the payment of compensation by the body, without prejudice to any other practice which is more favourable to the victim.ê 90/232/EEC (adapted)Article 11Ö Disputes ÕIn the event of a dispute between the body referred to in Article 10(1) and the civil liability insurer as to which must compensate the victim, the Member States shall take the appropriate measures so that one of these parties is designated to be responsible in the first instance for paying compensation to the victim without delay.If it is decided that the other party should have paid all or part of the compensation, that other party shall reimburse accordingly the party which has paid.Chapter 5Ö Special categories of victim, exclusion clauses, single premium, vehicles dispatched from one Member State to another ÕArticle 12Ö Special categories of victim Õ1. Without prejudice to the second subparagraph of Article 13(1) , the insurance referred to in Article 3 shall cover liability for personal injuries to all passengers, other than the driver, arising out of the use of a vehicle.ê 84/5/EEC (adapted)2. The members of the family of the Ö policyholder Õ, driver or any other person who is liable under civil law in the event of an accident, and whose liability is covered by the insurance referred to in Article 3 shall not be excluded from insurance in respect of their personal injuries by virtue of that relationship.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 4 pt. 23. The insurance referred to in Article 3 shall cover personal injuries and damage to property suffered by pedestrians, cyclists and other non-motorised users of the roads who, as a consequence of an accident in which a motor vehicle is involved, are entitled to compensation in accordance with national civil law.This Article shall be without prejudice either to civil liability or to the amount of damages.ê 84/5/EEC (adapted)Article 13Ö Exclusion clauses Õ1. Each Member State shall take Ö all appropriate Õ measures to ensure that any statutory provision or any contractual clause contained in an insurance policy issued in accordance with Article 3 shall be deemed to be void in respect of claims by third parties who have been victims of an accident Ö where that statutory provision or contractual clause Õ excludes from insurance the use or driving of vehicles by:(a) persons who do not have express or implied authorisation thereto;(b) persons who do not hold a licence permitting them to drive the vehicle concerned;(c) persons who are in breach of the statutory technical requirements concerning the condition and safety of the vehicle concerned.However the provision or clause referred to in the first subparagraph, point (a) may be invoked against persons who voluntarily entered the vehicle which caused the damage or injury, when the insurer can prove that they knew the vehicle was stolen.Member States shall have the option — in the case of accidents occurring on their territory — of not applying the provision in the first subparagraph if and in so far as the victim may obtain compensation for the damage suffered from a social security body.2. In the case of vehicles stolen or obtained by violence, Member States may lay down that the body specified in Article 10(1) will pay compensation instead of the insurer under the conditions set out in paragraph 1 of this Article; where the vehicle is normally based in another Member State, that body can make no claim against any body in that Member State.The Member States which, in the case of vehicles stolen or obtained by violence, provide that the body referred to in Article 10(1) shall pay compensation, may fix in respect of damage to property an excess of not more than EUR 250 for which the victim may be responsible.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 4 pt. 13. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that any statutory provision or any contractual clause contained in an insurance policy which excludes a passenger from such cover on the basis that he knew or should have known that the driver of the vehicle was under the influence of alcohol or of any other intoxicating agent at the time of an accident, shall be deemed to be void in respect of the claims of such passenger.ê 90/232/EEC (adapted)Article 14Ö Single premium ÕMember States shall take the necessary steps to ensure that all compulsory insurance policies against civil liability arising out of the use of vehicles:ê 2005/14/EC Art. 4 pt. 3(a) cover, on the basis of a single premium and during the whole term of the contract, the entire territory of the Community, including for any period in which the vehicle remains in other Member States during the term of the contract; andê 90/232/EEC(b) guarantee, on the basis of the same single premium, in each Member State, the cover required by its law or the cover required by the law of the Member State where the vehicle is normally based when that cover is higher.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 4 pt. 4 (adapted)Article 15Ö Vehicles dispatched from one Member State to another Õ1. By way of derogation from the second indent of Article 2(d) of Directive 88/357/EEC, where a vehicle is dispatched from one Member State to another, the Member State where the risk is situated shall be considered to be the Member State of destination, immediately upon acceptance of delivery by the purchaser for a period of thirty days, even though the vehicle has not formally been registered in the Member State of destination.2. In the event that the vehicle is involved in an accident during the period mentioned in paragraph 1 of this Article while being uninsured, the body referred to in Article 10(1) in the Member State of destination shall be liable for the compensation provided for in Article 9.Chapter 6Ö Statement, franchises, direct action ÕArticle 16Ö Statement relating to the third party liability claims ÕMember States shall ensure that the policyholder has the right to request at any time a statement relating to the third party liability claims involving the vehicle or vehicles covered by the insurance contract at least during the preceding five years of the contractual relationship, or to the absence of such claims.The insurance undertaking, or a body which may have been appointed by a Member State to provide compulsory insurance or to supply such statements, shall provide this statement to the policyholder within 15 days of the request.Article 17Ö Franchises ÕInsurance undertakings shall not rely on excesses against the injured party to an accident as far as the insurance referred to in Article 3 is concerned.Article 18Ö Direct right of action ÕMember States shall ensure that injured parties to accidents caused by a vehicle covered by insurance as referred to in Article 3 enjoy a direct right of action against the insurance undertaking covering the person responsible against civil liability.Chapter 7Ö Settlement of claims arising from any accident caused by a vehicle covered by insurance as referred to in Article 3 ÕArticle 19Ö Procedure for the settlement of claims ÕMember States shall establish the procedure Ö referred to Õ in Article 22 for the settlement of claims arising from any accident caused by a vehicle covered by insurance as referred to in Article 3.In the case of accidents which may be settled by the system of national insurers' bureaux provided for in Article 2 Member States shall establish the same procedure as in Article 22.For the purpose of applying this procedure, any reference to insurance undertaking shall be understood as a reference to national insurers' bureaux.ê 2000/26/EC (adapted)Article 20Ö Special provisions concerning compensation for injured parties following an accident in a Member State other than that of their residence Õ1. The objective of Ö Articles 20 to 26 are Õ to lay down special provisions applicable to injured parties entitled to compensation in respect of any loss or injury resulting from accidents occurring in a Member State other than the Member State of residence of the injured party which are caused by the use of vehicles insured and normally based in a Member State.Without prejudice to the legislation of third countries on civil liability and private international law, Ö these provisions Õ shall also apply to injured parties resident in a Member State and entitled to compensation in respect of any loss or injury resulting from accidents occurring in third countries whose national insurer's bureaux have joined the Green Card system whenever such accidents are caused by the use of vehicles insured and normally based in a Member State.2. Articles 21 and 24 shall apply only in the case of accidents caused by the use of a vehicle:(a) insured through an establishment in a Member State other than the State of residence of the injured party; and(b) normally based in a Member State other than the State of residence of the injured party.Article 21Claims representatives1. Each Member State shall take all measures necessary to ensure that all insurance undertakings covering the risks classified in class 10 of point A of the Annex to Directive 73/239/EEC, other than carrier's liability, appoint a claims representative in each Member State other than that in which they have received their official authorisation.The claims representative shall be responsible for handling and settling claims arising from an accident in the cases referred to in Article 20(1).The claims representative shall be resident or established in the Member State where he is appointed.2. The choice of its claims representative shall be at the discretion of the insurance undertaking.The Member States may not restrict this choice.3. The claims representative may work for one or more insurance undertakings.4. The claims representative shall, in relation to such claims, collect all information necessary in connection with the settlement of the claims and shall take the measures necessary to negotiate a settlement of claims.The requirement of appointing a claims representative shall not preclude the right of the injured party or his insurance undertaking to institute proceedings directly against the person who caused the accident or his insurance undertaking.5. Claims representatives shall possess sufficient powers to represent the insurance undertaking in relation to injured parties in the cases referred to in Article 20(1) and to meet their claims in full.They must be capable of examining cases in the official language(s) of the Member State of residence of the injured party.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 5 pt. 2 (adapted)6. The appointment of a claims representative shall not in itself constitute the opening of a branch within the meaning of Article 1(b) of Directive 92/49/EEC and the claims representative shall not be considered an establishment within the meaning of Article 2(c) of Directive 88/357/EEC or an establishment within the meaning of Regulation (EC) No 44/2001.ê 2000/26/EC (adapted)Article 22Ö Compensation procedure ÕThe Member States shall create a duty, backed by appropriate, effective and systematic financial or equivalent administrative penalties, to the effect that, within three months of the date when the injured party presented his claim for compensation either directly to the insurance undertaking of the person who caused the accident or to its claims representative,(a) the insurance undertaking of the person who caused the accident or his claims representative is required to make a reasoned offer of compensation in cases where liability is not contested and the damages have been quantified; or(b) the insurance undertaking to whom the claim for compensation has been addressed or his claims representative is required to provide a reasoned reply to the points made in the claim in cases where liability is denied or has not been clearly determined or the damages have not been fully quantified.Member States shall adopt provisions to ensure that where the offer is not made within the three-month time-limit, interest shall be payable on the amount of compensation offered by the insurance undertaking or awarded by the court to the injured party.Article 23Information centres1. Ö In order Õ of allowing the injured party to seek compensation, each Member State shall establish or approve an information centre responsible:(a) for keeping a register containing the following information:(i) the registration numbers of motor vehicles normally based in the territory of the State in question;(ii). the numbers of the insurance policies covering the use of those vehicles for the risks classified in class 10 of point A of the Annex to Directive 73/239/EEC, other than carrier's liability, and where the period of validity of the policy has expired, also the date of termination of the insurance cover;(iii) insurance undertakings covering the use of vehicles for the risks classified in class 10 of point A of the Annex to Directive 73/239/EEC, other than carrier's liability, and claims representatives appointed by such insurance undertakings in accordance with Article 21 of this Directive whose names shall be notified to the information centre in accordance with paragraph 2 of this Article;(iv) the list of vehicles which, in each Member State, benefit from the derogation from the requirement for civil liability insurance cover in accordance with Article 5(1) and (2) ;(v) regarding the vehicles provided for in point (iv):-  the name of the authority or the body designated in accordance with Article 5(1) third subparagraph as responsible for compensating injured parties in the cases where the procedure provided for in Article 2(2)(a) is not applicable, if the vehicle benefits from the derogation provided for in Article 5(1) first subparagraph;-  the name of the body covering the vehicle in the Member State where it is normally based if the vehicle benefits from the derogation provided for in Article 5(2) ;(b) or for coordinating the compilation and dissemination of that information;(c) and for assisting entitled persons to be apprised of the information mentioned in points (a)(i) to (v).The information under points (a)(i), (ii) and (iii) must be preserved for a period of seven years after the termination of the registration of the vehicle or the termination of the insurance contract.2. Insurance undertakings referred to in paragraph 1(a)(iii) shall notify to the information centres of all Member States the name and address of the claims representative which they have appointed in accordance with Article 21 in each of the Member States.3. The Member States shall ensure that the injured party is entitled for a period of seven years after the accident to obtain without delay from the information centre of the Member State where he resides, the Member State where the vehicle is normally based or the Member State where the accident occurred the following information:(a) the name and address of the insurance undertaking;(b) the number of the insurance policy; and(c) the name and address of the insurance undertaking's claims representative in the State of residence of the injured party.Information centres shall cooperate with each other.4. The information centre shall provide the injured party with the name and address of the owner or usual driver or the registered keeper of the vehicle if the injured party has a legitimate interest in obtaining this information. For the purposes of this provision, the information centre shall address itself in particular:(a) to the insurance undertaking; or(b) to the vehicle registration agency.If the vehicle benefits from the derogation provided for in Article 5(1) first subparagraph the information centre shall inform the injured party of the name of the authority or body designated in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 5(1) third subparagraph as responsible for compensating injured parties in cases where the procedure provided for in Article 2(a) is not applicable.If the vehicle benefits from the derogation provided for in Article 5(2) the information centre shall inform the injured party of the name of the body covering the vehicle in the country where it is normally based.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 4 pt. 5 (adapted)5. Member States shall ensure that, without prejudice to their obligations under Ö (1) and (4) Õ the information centres provide the information specified in Ö these paragraphs Õ to any party involved in any traffic accident caused by a vehicle covered by insurance as referred to in Article 3.ê 2000/26/EC (adapted)6. The processing of personal data resulting from paragraphs Ö 1 to 5 Õ must be carried out in accordance with national measures taken pursuant to Directive 95/46/EC.Article 24Compensation bodies1. Each Member State shall establish or approve a compensation body responsible for providing compensation to injured parties in the cases referred to in Article 20(1).Such injured parties may present a claim to the compensation body in their Member State of residence:(a) if, within three months of the date when the injured party presented his claim for compensation to the insurance undertaking of the vehicle the use of which caused the accident or to its claims representative, the insurance undertaking or its claims representative has not provided a reasoned reply to the points made in the claim; or(b) if the insurance undertaking has failed to appoint a claims representative in the Member State of residence of the injured party in accordance with Article 20(1); in this case, injured parties may not present a claim to the compensation body if they have presented a claim for compensation directly to the insurance undertaking of the vehicle the use of which caused the accident and if they have received a reasoned reply within three months of presenting the claim.Injured parties may not however present a claim to the compensation body if they have taken legal action directly against the insurance undertaking.The compensation body shall take action within two months of the date when the injured party presents a claim for compensation to it but shall terminate its action if the insurance undertaking, or its claims representative, subsequently makes a reasoned reply to the claim.The compensation body shall immediately inform:(a) the insurance undertaking of the vehicle the use of which caused the accident or the claims representative;(b) the compensation body in the Member State of the insurance undertaking's establishment which issued the policy;(c) if known, the person who caused the accident,that it has received a claim from the injured party and that it will respond to that claim within two months of the presentation of that claim.This provision shall be without prejudice to the right of the Member States to regard compensation by that body as subsidiary or non-subsidiary and the right to make provision for the settlement of claims between that body and the person or persons who caused the accident and other insurance undertakings or social security bodies required to compensate the injured party in respect of the same accident. However, Member States may not allow the body to make the payment of compensation subject to any conditions other than those laid down in this Directive, in particular the injured party's establishing in any way that the person liable is unable or refuses to pay.2. The compensation body which has compensated the injured party in his Member State of residence shall be entitled to claim reimbursement of the sum paid by way of compensation from the compensation body in the Member State of the insurance undertaking's establishment which issued the policy.The latter body shall be subrogated to the injured party in his rights against the person who caused the accident or his insurance undertaking in so far as the compensation body in the Member State of residence of the injured party has provided compensation for the loss or injury suffered.Each Member State is obliged to acknowledge this subrogation as provided for by any other Member State.3. This Article shall take effect:(a) after an agreement has been concluded between the compensation bodies established or approved by the Member States relating to their functions and obligations and the procedures for reimbursement;(b) from the date fixed by the Commission upon its having ascertained in close cooperation with the Member States that such an agreement has been concluded.Article 25Ö Compensation Õ1. If it is impossible to identify the vehicle or if, within two months Ö of the date of Õ the accident, it is impossible to identify the insurance undertaking, the injured party may apply for compensation from the compensation body in the Member State where he resides. The compensation shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of Articles 9 and 10. The compensation body shall then have a claim, on the conditions laid down in Article 24(2):(a) where the insurance undertaking cannot be identified: against the guarantee fund provided for in Article 10(1) in the Member State where the vehicle is normally based;(b) in the case of an unidentified vehicle: against the guarantee fund referred to in Article 10(1) in the Member State in which the accident took place;(c) in the case of third-country vehicles: against the guarantee fund referred to in Article 10(1) of the Member State in which the accident took place.ê 2000/26/EC Art. 1 (adapted)2. This Article shall apply to accidents caused by third-country vehicles covered by Articles 7 and 8.ê 2005/14/EC Art. 5 pt. 4Article 26Central bodyMember States shall take all appropriate measures to facilitate the availability in due time to the victims, their insurers or their legal representatives of the basic data necessary for the settlement of claims.This basic data shall, where appropriate, be made available in electronic form in a central repository in each Member State, and be accessible by parties involved in the case at their express request.ê 2000/26/EC (adapted)Article 27PenaltiesThe Member States shall fix penalties for breaches of the national provisions which they adopt in implementation of this Directive and take the steps necessary to secure their application. The penalties shall be effective, proportional and dissuasive. The Member States shall notify to the Commission any amendments Ö concerning provisions adopted pursuant to this Article Õ as soon as possible.Chapter 8Ö Final provisions ÕArticle 28Ö National provisions Õ1. Member States may, in accordance with the Treaty, maintain or bring into force provisions which are more favourable to the injured party than the provisions necessary to comply with this Directive.2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of domestic law which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.êArticle 29ImplementationDirectives 72/166/EEC, 84/5/EEC, 90/232/EEC, 2000/26/EC and 2005/14/EC, as amended by the Directives listed in Annex I, Part A, are repealed, without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time-limits for transposition into national law and application of the Directives set out in Annex I, Part B.References to the repealed Directive shall be construed as references to this Directive and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex II.Article 30Entry into forceThis Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union .Article 31AddresseesThis Directive is addressed to the Member States.Done at Brussels, […]For the European Parliament For the CouncilThe President The President[…] […] éANNEX IPart ARepealed Directive with list of its successive amendments (referred to in Article 29)Council Directive 72/166/EEC (OJ L 103, 2.5.1972, p. 1) |Council Directive 72/430/EEC (OJ L 291, 28.12.1972, p. 162) |Council Directive 84/5/EEC (OJ L 8, 11.1.1984, p. 17) | Only Article 4 |Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14) | Only Article 1 |Council Directive 84/5/EEC (OJ L 8, 11.1.1984, p. 17) |Annex I, point IX.F of the 1985 Act of Accession (OJ L 302, 15.11.1985, p. 218) |Council Directive 90/232/EEC (OJ L 8, 19.5.1990, p. 33) | Only Article 4 |Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14) | Only Article 2 |Council Directive 90/232/EEC (OJ L 8, 19.5.1990, p. 33) |Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14) | Only Article 4 |Directive 2000/26/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 181, 20.7.2000, p. 65) |Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14) | Only Article 5 |Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14) |Part BList of time-limits for transposition into national law [and application] (referred to in Article 29)Directive | Time-limit for transposition | Date of application |72/166/EEC | 31 December 1973 | — |72/430/EEC | — | 1 January 1988 |84/5/EEC | 31 December 1987 | 31 December 1988 |90/232/EEC | 31 December 1992 | — |2000/26/EC | 19 July 2002 | 19 January 2003 |2005/14/EC | 11 June 2007 | — |_____________ANNEX IICorrelation TableDirective 72/166/EEC | Directive 84/5/EEC | Directive 90/232/EEC | Directive 2000/26/EC | This Directive |Article 1(1) to (3) | Article 1(1) to (3) |Article 1(4), first indent | Article 1(4)(a) |Article 1(4), second indent | Article 1(4)(b) |Article 1(4), third indent | Article 1(4)(c) |Article 1(4), fourth indent | Article 1(4)(d) |Article 1(5) | Article 1(5) |Article 2(1) | Article 4 |Article 2(2), introductory words | Article 2, introductory words |Article 2(2), first indent | Article 2(a) |Article 2(2), second indent | Article 2(b) |Article 2(2), third indent | Article 2(c) |Article 3(1), first sentence | Article 3, first subparagraph |Article 3(1), second sentence | Article 3, second subparagraph |Article 3(2), introductory words | Article 3, third subparagraph, introductory words |Article 3(2), first indent | Article 3, third subparagraph, (a) |Article 3(2), second indent | Article 3, third subparagraph, (b) |Article 4, introductory words | Article 5(1), first subparagraph |Article 4(a), first subparagraph | Article 5(1), first subparagraph |Article 4(a), second subparagraph, first sentence | Article 5(1), second subparagraph |Article 4(a), second subparagraph, second sentence | Article 5(1), third subparagraph |Article 4(a), second subparagraph, third sentence | Article 5(1), fourth subparagraph |Article 4(a), second subparagraph, fourth sentence | Article 5(1), fifth subparagraph |Article 4(b), first subparagraph | Article 5(2), first subparagraph |Article 4(b), second subparagraph, first sentence | Article 5(2), second subparagraph |Article 4(b), second subparagraph, second sentence | Article 5(2), third subparagraph |Article 4(b), third subparagraph, first sentence | Article 5(2), fourth subparagraph |Article 4(b), third subparagraph, second sentence | Article 5(2), fifth subparagraph |Article 5, introductory words | Article 6, first subparagraph, introductory words |Article 5, first indent | Article 6, first subparagraph, (a) |Article 5, second indent | Article 6, first subparagraph, (b) |Article 5, last words | Article 6, second subparagraph |Article 6 | Article 7 |Article 7(1) | Article 8(1), first subparagraph |Article 7(2) | Article 8(1), second subparagraph |Article 7(3) | Article 8(2) |Article 8 | - |Article 1(1) | Article 3, fourth subparagraph |Article 1(2) | Article 9(1) |Article 1(3) | Article 9(2) |Article 1(4) | Article 10(1) |Article 1(5) | Article 10(2) |Article 1(6) | Article 10(3) |Article 1(7) | Article 10(4) |Article 2(1), first subparagraph, introductory words | Article 13(1), first subparagraph, introductory words |Article 2(1), first indent | Article 13(1), first subparagraph, (a) |Article 2(1), second indent | Article 13(1), first subparagraph, (b) |Article 2(1), third indent | Article 13(1), first subparagraph, (c) |Article 2(1), first subparagraph, final words | Article 13(1), first subparagraph, introductory words |Article 2(1), second and third subparagraphs | Article 13(1), second and third subparagraphs |Article 2(2) | Article 13(2) |Article 3 | Article 12(2) |Article 4 | - |Article 5 | - |Article 6 | - |Article 1, first subparagraph | Article 12(1) |Article 1, second subparagraph | Article 13(3) |Article 1, third subparagraph | - |Article 1a, first sentence | Article 12(3), first subparagraph |Article 1a, second sentence | Article 12(3), second subparagraph |Article 2, introductory words | Article 14, introductory words |Article 2, first indent | Article 14 (a) |Article 2, second indent | Article 14 (b) |Article 3 | - |Article 4 | Article 11 |Article 4a | Article 15 |Article 4b, first sentence | Article 16, first subparagraph |Article 4b, second sentence | Article 16, second subparagraph |Article 4c | Article 17 |Article 4d | Article 3 | Article 18 |Article 4e, first subparagraph | Article 19, first subparagraph |Article 4e, second subparagraph, first sentence | Article 19, second subparagraph |Article 4e, second subparagraph, second sentence | Article 19, third subparagraph |Article 5(1) | Article 23(5) |Article 5(2) | - |Article 6 | - |Article 1(1) | Article 20(1) |Article 1(2) | Article 20(2) |Article 1(3) | Article 25(2) |Article 2, introductory words | - |Article 2(a) | Article 1 (6) |Article 2 (b) | Article 1 (7) |Article 2(c), (d) and (e) | - |Article 4(1), first sentence | Article 21(1), first subparagraph |Article 4(1), second sentence | Article 21(1), second subparagraph |Article 4(1), third sentence | Article 21(1), third subparagraph |Article 4(2), first sentence | Article 21(2), first subparagraph |Article 4(2), second sentence | Article 21(2), second subparagraph |Article 4(3) | Article 21(3) |Article 4(4), first sentence | Article 21(4), first subparagraph |Article 4(4), second sentence | Article 21(4), second subparagraph |Article 4(5), first sentence | Article 21(5), first subparagraph |Article 4(5), second sentence | Article 21(5), second subparagraph |Article 4(6) | Article 22 |Article 4(7) | - |Article 4(8) | Article 21(6) |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, introductory words | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, introductory words |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a), introductory words | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a), introductory words |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (1) | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a) (i) |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (2) | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a) (ii) |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (3) | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a) (iii) |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (4) | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a) (iv) |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (5), introductory words | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a) (v), introductory words |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (5)( i) | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, point (a) (v), first indent |Article 5(1), first subparagraph, (a) (5)( ii) | Article 23(1), first subparagraph, (a) (v), second indent |Article 5(1), second subparagraph | Article 23(1), second subparagraph |Article 5(2), (3) and (4) | Article 23(2), (3) and (4) |Article 5(5) | Article 23(6) |Article 6(1) | Article 24(1) |Article 6(2), first subparagraph | Article 24(2), first subparagraph |Article 6(2), second subparagraph, first sentence | Article 24(2), second subparagraph |Article 6(2), second subparagraph, second sentence | Article 24(2), third subparagraph |Article 6(3), first subparagraph | Article 24(3) |Article 6(3), second subparagraph | - |Article 6a | Article 26 |Article 7, first, second and third sentences and introductory words | Article 25(1), first subparagraph, introductory words |Article 7(a) | Article 25(1), first subparagraph, (a) |Article 7(b) | Article 25(1), first subparagraph, (b) |Article 7(c) | Article 25(1), first subparagraph, (c) |Article 8 | - |Article 9 | - |Article 10(1) to (3) | - |Article 10(4) | Article 28(1) |Article 10(5) | Article 28(2) |Article 29 |Article 11 | Article 30 |Article 12 | Article 27 |Article 9 | Article 7 | Article 7 | Article 13 | Article 31 |Annexe I |Annexe II |_____________[1] COM(87) 868 PV.[2] See Annex 3 to Part A of the Conclusions.[3] Carried out pursuant to the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council – Codification of the Acquis communautaire, COM(2001) 645 final.[4] See Annex I, Part A of this proposal.[5] OJ C […], […], p. […].[6] OJ C […], […], p. […].[7] OJ L 103, 2.5.1972, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 2005/14/EC of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14).[8] OJ L 8, 11.1.1984, p. 17. Directive as amended by Directive 2005/14/EC.[9] OJ L 129, 19.5.1990, p. 33. Directive as amended by Directive 2005/14/EC.[10] OJ L 181, 20.7.2000, p. 65. Directive as amended by Directive 2005/14/EC.[11] See Annex I, Part A.[12] OJ L 149, 11.6.2005, p. 14.[13] OJ L 257, 27.10.1995, p. 1. Regulation amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1).[14] OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1. Regulation as last amended by Regulation (EC) Ö No 1791/2006 (OJ L 363, 20.12.2006, p. 1) Õ.[15] OJ L 228, 16.8.1973, p. 3. Directive as last amended by Directive 2006/101/EC (OJ L 363, 20.12.2006, p. 238).[16] OJ L 228, 11.8.1992, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 2007/44/CE of the European Parliament and Council (OJ L 247, 21.9.2007, p. 1).[17] OJ L 281, 23.11.1995, p. 31. Directive amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003.[18] OJ L 172, 4.7.1988, p. 1.[19] OJ L 257, 27.10.1995, p. 1.