CELEX: 51986PC0261
Language: en
Date: 1986-06-19
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE AMENDING DIRECTIVE 70/220/EEC ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES RELATING TO MEASURES TO BE TAKEN AGAINST AIR POLLUTION BY GASES FROM ENGINES OF MOTOR VEHICLES ( RESTRICTION OF PARTICULATE EMISSIONS FROM DIESEL ENGINES )

12.7. 86                                       Official Journal of the European Communities                               No C 174/3
                                                                      II
                                                               (Preparatory Acts)
                                                         COMMISSION
                Proposal for Council Directive amending Directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of the
                laws of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by gases from
                                                          engines of motor vehicles
                                          (Restriction of particulate emissions from diesel engines)
                                                              COM(86) 261 final
                                       (Submitted by the Commission to the Council on 23 June 1986)
                                                                 (86/C 174/04)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                                   limit values were lowered for the first time by Council
                                                                           Directive 74/290/EEC (2) and supplemented, pursuant to
                                                                           Commission Directive 77/102/EEC (3), by limit values
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European                      for permissible emissions of nitrogen oxides; whereas the
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100                          limit values for these three pollutants were successively
thereof,                                                                   reduced by Commission Directive 78/665/EEC (*) and
                                                                           Council Directives 83/351/EEC (5) and . . / . . ./EEC ( 6 );
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Par-                          Whereas the scope of Directive 70/220/EEC was
liament,                                                                   expanded by Directive 83/351/EEC in order to cover
                                                                           certain categories of vehicle equipped with compression
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and                           ignition ('diesel') engines, without, however, laying
Social Committee,                                                          down specific emission requirements for those engines,
                                                                           and whereas only soot emissions are subject to the
                                                                           provisions of Directive 72/306/EEC ( 7 ); whereas,
Whereas the first programme of action of the European                      however, with a view to improved protection of public
 Communities on the environment, which was adopted by                       health, it is necessary to restrict the overall particulate
the Council on 22 November 1973, calls for account to                       emissions from engines of this type; whereas it is appro-
be taken of the latest scientific progress in combating air                 priate to lay down limit values for particulate emissions
 pollution caused by exhaust; gases from motor vehicles                    which correspond to the state of the art with regard to
 and for Directives adopted previously to be amended                        diesel engines in the Community and to amplify the test
 accordingly; whereas the third programme of action                         procedure set out in Directive 70/220/EEC by adding
 provides for further efforts to reduce considerably the                    the provisions relating to the sampling and analysis of
 present level of emissions of pollutants from motor                        particulate emissions taken over from the relevant US
 vehicles;                                                                  requirements;
 Whereas differences which may emerge in national
 legislation concerning limits for particulate emissions
 from compression ignition ('diesel') engines used as                       Whereas, moreover, it seems appropriate to subdivide
 criteria for the type approval of vehicles equipped with                   vehicles into engine capacity classes and to adopt the
                                                                            dates for the implementation of the new Community
 such engines, are liable to constitute a restriction on the
                                                                            requirements as set out in Directive../.. ./EEC, in order
 free movement of these products in the Community;
                                                                            that the motor vehicle industry may concentrate its
 whereas it therefore seems necessary to fix common
 standards in this area;
 Whereas Council Directive 70/220/EEC (x) lays down                          O OJ No L 159, 15. 6. 1974, p. 61.
 limit values for emissions of carbon monoxide and                           (3) OJ N o L 32, 3. 2. 1977, p. 32.
 unburnt hydrocarbons from such engines; whereas these                       (4) OJ N o L 233, 14. 8. 1978, p. 48.
                                                                             (*) OJ N o L 197, 20. 7. 1983, p. 1.
                                                                             (*) Council Doc. 4011/86, 13. 1. 1986.
 (') O J N o L 7 6 , 6. 4. 1970, p. 1.                                       O   OJ No L 190, 20. 8. 1972, p. 1.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 174/4                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                 12.7. 86
efforts on adaptation to overall Community rules and in           2.    From 1 October 1988 in respect of types of vehicle
order that the administrative procedures for the approval         equipped with a compression-ignition engine having a
of suitably modified vehicle types may be reduced to a            capacity of more than 2 000 cm 3 ;
minimum,                                                          from 1 October 1991 in respect of types of vehicle
                                                                  equipped with a compression-ignition engine having a
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:                                       capacity of not more that 2 000 cm 3 ; and
                                                                  from 1 October 1994 in respect of types of vehicle
                                                                  equipped with a direct-injection compression-ignition
                          Article 1                               engine having a capacity of not more than 2 000 cm3,
Directive 70/220/EEC is hereby amended as follows:                Member States:
                                                                  — may no longer issue the document provided for in
1. The title is replaced by the following:                            the last indent of Article 10 (!) of Directive
                                                                      70/156/EEC in respect of a type of motor vehicle,
   'Council Directive of 20 March 1970 on the approx-             — may refuse national type approval for a type of
   imation of the laws of the Member States on measures               motor vehicle,
   to be taken against air pollution by emissions from
   motor vehicles.'                                               whose emission levels do not meet the requirements set
                                                                  out in the Annexes to Directive 70/220/EEC, as
                                                                  amended by this Directive.
2. Annexes I, III and III A are amended in accordance
   with the Annex to this Directive.                              3.    From 1 October 1989 in respect of vehicles
                                                                  equipped with a compression-ignition engine having a
                                                                  capacity of more than 2 000 cm 3 ;
                          Article 2
                                                                  from 1 October 1993 in respect of vehicles equipped with
1.    From 1 April 1987 no Member State may, on                   a compression-ignition engine having a capacity of not
grounds relating to air pollution by emissions from an            more than 2 000 cm 3 ; and
engine:
                                                                  from 1 October 1996 in respect of vehicles equipped with
                                                                  a direct-injection compression-ignition engine having a
— refuse to grant EEC type approval, to issue the                 capacity of not more than 2 000 cm3.
    document referred to in the last indent of Article
    IOC) of Council Directive 70/156/EEC (*) or to                Member States may prohibit the entry into service of
    grant national type approval for a type of motor              such vehicles whose emission levels do not meet the
    vehicle equipped with a compression-ignition engine,          requirements set out in the Appendices to Directive
                                                                  70/220/EEC, as amended by this Directive.
— prohibit the entry into service of vehicles equipped
    with compression-ignition engines,                                                     Article 3
                                                                  Member States shall bring into force laws, regulations
where emissions from this type of motor vehicle or from           and administrative provisions necessary in order to
such vehicles meet the requirements of Directive                  comply with this Directive not later than 1 April 1987.
70/220/EEC as amended by this Directive.                          They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
                                                                                           Article 4
O OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1.                                  This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
 ---pagebreak--- 12.7.86                                   Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s               N o C 174/5
                                                                      Annex
                  Amendments to the Annexes to Directive 70/220/EEC, as amended by Directive No 4011/86
                                                                   ANNEX       1
        SCOPE, DEFINITIONS, APPLICATION FOR EEC TYPE APPROVAL, EEC TYPE APPROVAL,
        SPECIFICATIONS A N D , EXTENSION O F EEC TYPE APPROVAL, CONFORMITY O F PRO-
                                         DUCTION, TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS
        1. Shall read as follows:
        '1                SCOPE
                          This Directive applies to the emission of gaseous pollutants from all motor vehicles equipped
                          with spark-ignition engines and to the emission of gaseous pollutants and particulates from
                          vehicles of categories Mj and Nj equipped with compression-ignition engines covered by
                          Article 1.'
        2.1. Shall read as follows:
        '2.1.             "Vehicle type" with regard to the emission of gaseous pollutants and particulate emissions
                          from the engine means a category of power-driven vehicles which do not differ in such
                          essential prospects as'
        2.4. Shall be expanded as follows:
                          'Particulate emissions are components of the exhaust gas which are removed from the diluted
                          exhaust gas at a maximum temperature of 52 ° C by means of the filters covered by Annex
                          III.'
         3.1. Shall read as follows:
         '3.1.            The application for approval of a vehicle type with regard to the emission of gaseous pollu-
                          tants and particulates from its engine is submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or by his
                          authorized representative.'
         5.1.1. The first sentence shall read as follows:
                          'The components liable to effect the emission of gaseous pollutants and particulates must be
                          so designed, constructed and assembled as to enable the vehicle, in normal use, to comply
                         .with the requirements of this Directive, despite the vibration to which they may be
                          subjected.'
          5.2.1.1. Shall read as follows:
          '5.2.1.1.         Type I test (verifying the average emission of gaseous pollutants and particulates after a cold
                           start).'
          5.2.1.1.2. Shall be expanded as follows:
                           'Note only the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions, but also the
                           particulate emissions from vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines will be
                           plotted.'
          5.2.1.1.3. The second sentence shall read as follows:
                           'The methods used to collect and analyse the gases and also to remove and weigh the particu-
                           lates must be those prescribed.'
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 174/6                                   Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s                  12.7.86
            5.2.1.1.4. Shall read as follows:
            '5.2.1.1.4.       Subject to the requirements of 5.2.1.1.4.2 and 5.2.1.1.5 the test is repeated three times. For a
                             vehicle of a given category the mass of the carbon monoxide, the combined mass of the
                              hydrocarbons and the nitrogen oxides, the mass of the nitrogen oxides, and — in the case of
                             vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines — the mass of the particulates obtained
                              in the test must be less than the amounts shown in the table below:
                 Engine capacity           Mass of carbon           Combined mass of                Mass of           Mass of
                                              monoxide               hydrocarbons and           nitrogen oxides   particulates (')
                                                                      nitrogen oxides
                        C                         L,                         L2                                          u
                      (cm5)                    (g/test)                   (g/test)                  (g/test)          (g/test)
                   C > 2 000                     25                          6,5                      3,5
             1 400 < C < 2 000                   30                          8                                          1,3
                   C < 1 400                     45                         15                        6
            (') In the case of vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines
                              Vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines whose engine capacity exceeds 2 000
                              cm5 must comply with the limit values for the emission of pollutant gases, corresponding or
                              equivalent to the category of engine capacities ranging from 1 400 cm3 to 2 000 cm3.'
            5.2.1.1.4.1. The phrase in brackets shall be deleted.
            5.2.1.1.4.2. Shall read as follows:
            '5.2.1.1.4.2.    The number of tests prescribed in 5.2.1.1.4 may, at the request of the manufacturer, be
                              increased to 10 tests provided that the arithmetical mean (~x.{) of the three results performed
                              for each pollutant or combined total of two pollutants, subject to limitation, falls between 100
                              and 110 % of the limit. In this case, the decision, after testing, depends exclusively on the
                              average results obtained from all ten tests (x < L).'
            5.2.1.1.5.1. Shall read as follows:
            '5.2.1.1.5.1.     Only one test is performed if the values plotted for each pollutant or for the combined
                              emission of two pollutants is subject to limitation < 0,70 L.'
            5.2.1.1.5.2. Shall read as follows:
            '5.2.1.1.5.2.     Only two tests are performed if the result for all pollutants or the combined result for two
                             components is Vj < 0,85 L, and if, at the same time, at least one of these values or combined
                             values for pollutants is Vj > 0,70 L. In addition the requirement that Vj + V 2 < 1,70 L and
                             V 2 < L must be satisfied.'
            7.1. Shall read as follows:
            '7.1.            As a general rule, conformity of production models, with regard to limitation of the emission
                              of gaseous pollutants and of particulates from the engine, is checked on the basis of the
                              description set out in Annex VII and, where necessary, of all or some of the tests of Types I,
                              II and III described 5.2.'
            7.1.1.1. The table shall be replaced by the following:
                 Engine capacity           Mass of carbon           Combined mass of                Mass of          Mass of
                                              monoxide               hydrocarbons and           nitrogen oxides   particulates (')
                                                                      nitrogen oxides
                        C                         L,                         u                         L3                L4
                      (cm3)                    (g/test)                   (g/test)                  (g/test)          (g/test)
                   C > 2 000                     30                          8,1                      4,4
             1 400 < C < 2 000                   36                         10                                             1,7
                   C < 1 400                     54                         19                        7,5
            (') In the case of vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines.
 ---pagebreak--- 12.7.86                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                        N o C 174/7
                          Vehicles equipped with a compression-ignition engine having an engine capacity of more
                          than 2 000 cm1 shall not exceed the limit values for pollutant gas emissions from the engine
                          capacity class ranging from 1 400 cm5 to 2 000 cm3.'
        7.1.1.2. The second paragraph shall read as follows:
                          'The result to be taken into consideration for the vehicle tested originally is the arithmetical
                          mean of the results obtained from the three Type-I tests carried out on that vehicle. The
                          arithmetical mean of the results obtained from the random sample and the standard
                          deviation S are then plotted for the carbon monoxide emissions, the combined hydrocarbon
                          and nitrogen oxide emissions, the nitrogen oxide emissions and the particulate emissions.
                          Production models are then deemed to conform if the following condition is met:
                                                                       x + k •S< L
                          Where L is the limit value laid down in 7.1.1.1:
                          k is the statistical factor depending upon n and given in the following table:'
        8.3.1.1. Shall read as follows:
        '8.3.1.1.         For vehicle type approval, the limit values specified in the table set out in 5.2.1.1.4 shall be
                          replaced by the following:
                          — Mass of carbon monoxide:                   2,11 g/km,
                          — Mass of hydrocarbons:                      0,25 g/km,
                          — Mass of nitrogen oxides:                    0,62 g/km,
                          — Mass of particulates ('):                   0,25 g/km.
                          These limit values are deemed to be met if they are not exceeded by the results of tests on a
                           vehicle type in which the individual masses of pollutants are multiplied by the relevant
                           deterioration factor set out in the table below:
                                                                                    Deterioration factor
                        Exhaust gas clean-up system
                                                                           CO       HC              NO x     Particulates (')
         1. Spark-ignition        engine    with     oxidizing
             catalytic converter                                           1,2      1,3              1,0
         2. Spark-ignition       engine    without    catalytic
             converter                                                     1,2      1,3              1,0           —
         3. Spark-ignition engine with 3-way catalytic
             converter                                                     1,2      1,3              1,1           —
         4. Compression-ignition engine                                    1,1      1,0              1,0           1,0
         (') In the case of vehicles equipped with a compression-ignition engine.
                           Where the certification process for the Community export markets has been used to provide
                           a manufacturer with confirmation of deterioration factors which are specific to a vehicle type
                           these factors may always be used as an alternative if the product complies with the limit
                           values referred to in this section.'
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 174/8                                 Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s                 12.7.86
                                                                    ANNEX        III
                                                                   TYPE I TEST
                        (Verifying the average emission of pollutants in a congested urban area after a cold start)
            4.2.1. Shall read as follows:
            '4.2.1.          The exhaust gas sampling system must be able to measure the actual quantities of pollutants
                             emitted in the exhaust gases to be measured. The system to be used is the constant volume
                             sampler (CVS) system. This requires that the vehicle exhaust be continuously diluted with
                             ambient air under controlled conditions. In the constant volume sampler concept of mea-
                             suring two conditions must be satisfied: the total volume of the mixture of exhaust gases and
                             dilution air must be measured and a continuously proportional sample of the volume must be
                             collected for analysis.
                             The quantities of pollutants emitted are determined from the sample concentrations,
                             corrected for the pollutant content of the ambient air and the totalized flow over the test
                             period.
                             The particulate emission level is determined by using suitable filters to collect the particulates
                             from a proportional part flow throughout the test and determining the quantity thereof
                             gravimetrically in accordance with 4.3.2.'
            4.3.1.1. Shall be expanded as follows:
                             '— Particulates:
                             Gravimetric determination of the particulates collected. These particulates are in each case
                             collected by two series-mounted filters in the sample gas flow. The quantity of particulates
                             collected by each pair of filters should lie between 2 and 5 mg.
                            The filter surface should consist of a material that is hydrophobic and inert towards the
                             components of the exhaust gas (PTFE or equivalent material).'
            4.3.1.2. Is expanded as follows:
                             'Measurement of the particulates collected shall be to a guaranteed accuracy of a lug.'
            4.3.2. Shall be expanded as follows:
                             'The particulate sampling unit shall consist of a dilution tunnel, a sampling probe, a filter
                             unit, a partial-flow pump, and a flowrate regulator and measuring unit. The particulate-
                             sampling part flow is drawn through two series-mounted filters. The sampling probe for the
                             test gas flow for particulates shall be so arranged within the dilution tract that a repres-
                             entative sample gas flow can be taken from the homogeneous air/exhaust mixture and an
                             air/exhaust gas mixture temperature of 52 °C is not exceeded at the sampling point. The
                             temperature of the sample gas flow may not fluctuate along the length of the sampling line
                             (sampling probe flow measuring unit) by more than ± 3 K, nor may the flow rate fluctuate
                             by more than ± 5 %. The mass of the particulates collected during the test phase is
                             determined by differential measurement.
                             The necessary particle filters shall be conditioned (as regards temperature and humidity) in
                             an open dish which has been protected against dust ingress for at least 8 and for not more
                             than 56 hours before the test in an air-conditioned chamber. After this conditioning the
                             uncontaminated filters will be weighed and stored until they are used.'
 ---pagebreak--- 12.7.86                                  Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s                N o C 174/9
        7. Shall read as follows:
        7.               GAS AND PARTICULATE SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS'
        7.1. Shall read as follows:
        '7.1.             Sampling
                         Sampling begins at the beginning of the first test cycle as defined in 6.6.2. and ends on
                         conclusion of the final idling period in the fourth cycle.'
        7.2.1. Shall be expanded as follows:
                         'The spent particulate filters must be taken to the chamber no later than one hour after
                         conclusion of the test on the exhaust gases and must there be conditioned for between 1 and
                         56 hours and then be weighed.'
        8. Shall read as follows:
        '8.              DETERMINATION OF T H E                     QUANTITY           OF GASEOUS            POLLUTANTS AND
                         PARTICULATES EMITTED'
        8.2. Shall read as follows:
        '8.2.           Total mass of gaseous pollutants and particulates emitted. The mass M of each pollutant
                         emitted by the vehicle during the test is determined by obtaining the product of the
                        volumetric concentration and the volume of the gas in question, with due regard to the
                         following densities under the abovementioned reference conditions:
                         — in the case of carbon monoxide (CO) d = 1,25 grams per litre,
                        — in the case of hydrocarbons (CH^gs) d = 0,619 grams per litre,
                         — in the case of nitrogen oxides (NO2) d = 2,05 grams per litre.
                         The mass M of the particulates emitted by the vehicle during the test is determined by
                         measuring the mass of the particulates collected by the two filters.
                         At least 95 % of the particulates must be on the first filter.
                         It is sufficient in this case to use the mass of the deposit on the first filter to calculate the
                         mass of the particulates emitted.
                         Appendix 8 gives the calculations, followed by examples, used in determining the mass
                         emissions of gaseous pollutants and particulates.'
        The title of Appendix 5 shall read as follows:
                         'DESCRIPTION OF GAS-SAMPLING SYSTEMS'
         2.1.3. Shall read as follows:
         '2.1.3.         A continuously proportional sample of the diluted exhaust gases and the dilution air must be
                         collected for analysis.
                         The quantity of gaseous pollutants emitted is determined from the proportional sample
                         concentrations and the total volume measured during the test. The sample concentrations are
                          corrected to take account of the pollutant content of the ambient air. In addition, where
                         vehicles are equipped with compression-ignition engines, their particulate emissions are
                         plotted.'
         2.2.2. Shall read as follows:
         '2.2.2.         The exhaust-gas sampling system must be so designed as to make it possible to measure the
                          average volume concentrations of the CO2, C O , HC— and N O x and, in addition, in the case
                          of vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines, of the particulate emissions
                          contained in the exhaust gases emitted during the vehicle testing cycle.'
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 174/10                                Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s               12.7.86
            2.4. Shall read as follows:
            '2.4.           Additional sampling unit for the testing of vehicles equipped with a compression-ignition engine.
             2.4.1.         By way of a departure from the taking of gas samples from vehicles equipped with spark-
                            ignition engines, the hydrocarbon and particulate sampling points are located in a dilution
                            tunnel.
             2.4.2.         In order to reduce heat losses in the exhaust gases between the exhaust tail pipe and the
                            dilution tunnel inlet, the pipe may not be more than 3,6 m long, or 6,1 m long if heat
                            insulated. Its internal diameter may not exceed 105 mm.
             2.4.3.         Predominantly turbulent flow conditions (Reynolds numbers 4 000) must apply in the
                            dilution tunnel — which consists of a straight, electrically-conductive material — in order to
                            guarantee that the diluted exhaust gas is homogeneous at the sampling points and that the
                            samples consist of representative gases and particulates. The dilution tunnel must be at least
                            200 mm in diameter and the system must be earthed.
             2.4.4.         The particulate sampling system consists of a sampling probe in the dilution tunnel and two
                            series-mounted filters. Quick-acting valves are located both up and downstream of the two
                            filters.
             2.4.5.         The particle sampling probe shall be arranged as follows:
                            It must be installed in the vicinity of the tunnel centreline roughly ten tunnel diameters
                            downstream of the gas inlet and have an internal diameter of at least 12 mm.
                            The distance from the sampling tip to the filter mount must be at least 5 probe diameters,
                            but must in any case not exceed 1 020 mm.
             2.4.6.         The sample gas flow measuring unit consists of pumps, gas flow regulators and flow
                            measuring units.
             2.4.7.         The hydrocarbon sampling system consists of a heated sampling probe, line, filter and pump.
                            The sampling probe must be installed in such a way at the same distance from the exhaust
                            gas inlet as the particulate sampling probe that neither interferes with samples taken by the
                            other. It must have a minimum internal diameter of 4,5 mm.
             2.4.8.         All heated parts must be maintained at a temperature of 190 °C ± 10 °C by the heating
                            system.
             2.4.9.         If it is not possible to compensate for variations in the flow rate there must be a heat
                            exchanger and a temperature control device as specified in 2.3.3.1. so as to ensure that the
                            flow rate in the system is constant and the sampling rate is accordingly proportional.'
            3.1.4. Shall be expanded as follows:
                            'Particulate sampling system:
                            — S4 sampling probe in the dilution tunnel,
                            — Fp filter unit consisting of two series-mounted filters,
                            —        Switching arrangement for further parallel-mounted pairs of filters,
                            —        Sampling line,
                            —        Pumps, flow regulators, flow measuring units.'
            Figure 1 shall be replaced by the following new Figure 1:
 ---pagebreak---                                                                Figure 1
                                  Constant Volume Sampler with Positive Displacement Pump (PDP-CVS)
                                                          T o vent                                    To vent
Ambient Air
                                                                                              P-&          h-C^3-kL
                                     S4
           T A l
                                    •X                                                                              w
                                                                                                                    c
                                                                                                                    3
                                                                                                                    n>
                                                                                                                    13
                                                                                                                    o
                                                                                                                    o
                                                                                                                    3
                                                                                                                    3
                                    *_&J
                                                                                                                    c
                                                                                                                    3
                                                                                                    •^   To vent
                                                N
                                                           H C span gas                                             2
                                                                                                                    O
                                       IV                                                                           O
                                               N
 Required for diesel testing only
 ---pagebreak--- No C 174/12                               Official Journal of the European Communities           12.7.86
           3.2.4. Shall be expanded as follows:
                           'Particulate sampling system:
                           — S4 Sampling probe in dilution tunnel,
                          — Fp Filter unit, consisting of two series-mounted filters,
                           —       Switching unit for further parallel-mounted pairs of filters,
                           —       Sampling line,
                          —        Pumps, flow regulators, flow measuring units.'
           Figure 2 shall be replaced by the following new figure 2:
 ---pagebreak--- 12.7.86 Official Journal of the European Communities No C 174/13
    U
    •c
     s
     o
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 174/14                                 Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s           12. 7. 86
             3.3. Shall be replaced as follows:
                             '(only for spark-ignition engined vehicles)'
            Appendix 8 shall read as follows:
                                                                    'APPENDIX 8
                                        CALCULATION O F T H E EMISSION O F POLLUTANTS
             1.              General
             1.1.            Emissions of gaseous pollutants are calculated by means of the following equation:
                                                                  M; - V mix • Q; • k H • Q • 10-6
                             where:
                             Mj        = pollutant emissions in grams/per test,
                                       =
                             Vmix        volume of the diluted exhaust gas expressed in litres per test and corrected to
                                          standard conditions (273,2 K and 101,33 kPa),
                             Qi        = density of the pollutant in grams/per litre at normal temperature and pressure
                                          (273,2 K and 101,33 kPa),
                             kpi       = humidity correction factor used for the calculation of the emissions of nitrogen
                                          oxides (there is no humidity correction for H C and CO),
                             Q         = concentration of the pollutant i in the diluted exhaust gas, expressed in ppm and
                                          corrected by the concentration of the pollutant i in the dilution air.
             1.2.             Volume determination
                             The wording of former Section 1 is adopted without change.
             1.3.             Calculation of the corrected concentration of pollutants in the sampling bag
                             The wording of former Section 2 is adopted without change.
             1.4.             Determination of the NO humidity correction factor
                             The wording of former Section 3 is adopted without change.
             1.5.              Example
                              The wording of former Section 4 is adopted without change up to 4.2. while 4.3. and 4.4. are
                              deleted.
             2.               Special provision relating to vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines
             2.1.             H C Measurement for compression-ignition engines.
                              The average H C concentration used in determining the H C mass emissions                from
                              compression-ignition engines is calculated with the aid of the following formula:
                                                                                   J c H C • <h
                                                                                 J
                                                                         Ce =
                                                                                  t2 - 1 ,
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 7. 86                                 Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s                 N o C 174/15
                          where:
                          t2
                          J CHC • dt    =   Integral of the recording of the heated HFID throughout
                          tt                 the test (t2 — ti),
                          ce            =    Concentration of H C measured in the diluted exhaust, in ppm,
                          ce            =    is substituted directly for CHC m aH relevant equations.
          2.2.            Determination of particulates
                          Particulate emission M p is calculated by means of the following equation:
                                                                          (V mix + V ep ) x P e
                                                                 Mp =
                                                                                      V
                                                                                        ep
                          where:
                          V m i x = Volume of diluted exhaust gases (s. 1.1.3) under standard conditions,
                          Vep     = Volume of exhaust gas flowing through particulate filter under standard conditions,
                          Pe      = Particulate mass collected by filter.'
                                                                 ANNEX      III A
          TEST EQUIVALENT T O T H E TYPE-I TEST I N T E N D E D T O CHECK EMISSIONS FOLLOWING
                                                               A COLD START
          4.2.1.
          4.3.1.1.
                          Shall receive the new wording of the corresponding items in Annex III.
          4.3.1.2.
          4.3.2.
          6.2.2.7. Shall read as follows:
          '6.2.2.7.       Start the gas flow measuring device, position the sample-selector valves to direct the sample
                          flow into the 'transient' exhaust sample bag and the 'transient' dilution-air sample bag (turn
                          on the diesel hydrocarbon analyser system integrator and mark the recorder chart, if
                          applicable), position the valves during sampling in such a way that the transient phase is
                          directed onto the particulate filters, turn the key and start the engines.'
          6.2.2.11. First sentence shall read as follows:
                          'At the end of the deceleration which is scheduled to occur at 505 seconds, simultaneously
                          switch the sample flows from the 'transient' to the 'stabilized' bags, in such a way that they
                          pass through the particulate filters for the stabilized flows, switch off gas-flow measuring
                          device No 1 (and diesel hydrocarbon integrator No 1) (mark the diesel-hydrocarbon
                           recorder chart) and start gas-flow measuring device No 2 (and diesel-hydrocarbon integrator
                           No 2).'
          6.2.2.13. First sentence shall read as follows:
                          'Five seconds after the engine stops running, simultaneously turn off gas-flow measuring
                           device No 2 (and diesel-hydrocarbon integrator No 2) (mark the hydrocarbon recorder
                           chart, if applicable) close the valves for the stabilized-phase particulate filters and position the
                           sample selector valves to the 'standby' position.'
          6.2.2.16. The following new sentence is inserted after the first sentence:
                           'In the case of vehicles equipped with a compression-ignition engine similarly only one pair
                           of particulate filters is needed for the hot-start test.'
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           6.2.2.17. First sentence shall read as follows:
                            'At the end of the deceleration, which is scheduled to occur at 505 seconds, simultaneously
                            turn off gas-flow measuring device No 1 (and diesel hydrocarbon integrator N o 1) (mark
                            the diesel hydrocarbon recorder chart, if applicable) close the valves for the particulate filter
                            and position the sample selector valve to the 'standby* position (engine shutdown does not
                            form part of the hot-start test sampling period).'
           The following new 7.8. shall be inserted after 7.7:
           '7.8.            The spent particulate filters must be taken to the chamber no later than one hour after
                            conclusion of the test on the exhaust gases and must there be conditioned for between one
                            and 56 hours, and then be weighed.'
           8. and 8.2. shall receive the new wording of the corresponding items in Annex III.
           Appendix 5: the title shall be the same as that of Appendix 5 to Annex III.
           2.1.3.
           2.2.2.
           2.4.1.            Shall receive the new wording of the corresponding items in Appendix 5 to Annex III.
           2.4.2.
            2.4.3.
            2.4.4. Shall read as follows:
            '2.4.4.         The particulate sampling system consists of a sampling probe in the dilution tunnel, three
                             filter units consisting in each case of two series-mounted filters to which the sample gas
                             flows within a test phase can be directed. The sample gas flows from the phases 'transient
                             after cold start', 'stabilized after cold start' and 'transient after hot start' will in turn flow
                             through the filter units.'
            2.4.5.
            2.4.6.
            2.4.7.           Shall receive new wording of the corresponding items in Appendix 5 to Annex III.
            2.4.8.
            2.4.9.
             3.              The systems coincide with those described in item 3 in Appendix 5 to Annex III, with the
                             exception that in each case three sample bags for exhaust gas samples and ambient air
                             samples are arranged in parallel in such a way that they can in turn have the sample gas flow
                             directed towards them via quick-acting valves.
                             Accordingly, in the tests on vehicles equipped with diesel engines, three pairs of particulate-
                             measurement filters are arranged in parallel.
             Appendix 8 shall read as follows:
                                                                'APPENDIX 8
                                       CALCULATION OF T H E EMISSION OF POLLUTANTS
             1.               Pollutant emissions are calculated by means of the following equation:
                                                                        M; c T M is          M J H T M is
                                                          Mi - 0,43                 + 0,57
                                                                        SCT   + Ss           SHT    + Ss
                              where:
                              M;      = pollutant emissions in grams per test,
                              M; C T  — pollutant emissions in grams during the first phase (transient cold),
                                      =
                              M;HT        pollutant emissions in grams during the final phase (transient hot),
 ---pagebreak--- 12.7.86                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                 N o C 174/17
                     =
             M;s        pollutant emissions in grams during the second phase (stabilized),
             Scx     = distance covered (in km) during the final phase,
                     =
             SHT        distance covered (in km) during the final phase,
             Ss      = distance covered (in km) during the second phase.
        2.   The emissions of gaseous pollutants in the individual phases are calculated by means of the
             following formula:
                                          Mi = V m i x x Qj x k H x Q x 10-*
             where:
             M;      = pollutant emissions in grams per test,
             Vmix    — volume of the diluted exhaust gas expressed in litres per phase and corrected to
                         standard conditions (273,2 K and 101,33 kPa),
             Qi      = density of the pollutant in grams per litre at normal temperature and pressure
                         (273,2 K and 101,33 kPa),
             kn      = humidity correction factor used in calculating the emissions of nitrogen oxides
                         (there is no humidity correction for H C und CO),
             Q        = concentration of the pollutant in the diluted exhaust gas, expressed in ppm and
                         corrected by the concentration of the pollutant i in the dilution air.
        3.   Special provisions relating to vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines.
        3.1. HC measurement
             The H C emissions in the individual phases shall be determined in accordance with 2.1. in
             Appendix 8 to Annex III.
        3.2. Particulate measurement
             The particulate emissions in the individual phases shall be determined in accordance with 2.2
             in Appendix 8 to Annex III.'