CELEX: 32022R0127
Language: en
Date: 2021-12-07 00:00:00
Title: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/127 of 7 December 2021 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 of the European Parliament and of the Council with rules on paying agencies and other bodies, financial management, clearance of accounts, securities and use of euro

31.1.2022   
               
               
                  EN
               
               
                  Official Journal of the European Union
               
               
                  L 20/95
               
            
         COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) 2022/127
         of 7 December 2021
         supplementing Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 of the European Parliament and of the Council with rules on paying agencies and other bodies, financial management, clearance of accounts, securities and use of euro
         THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
         Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
         Having regard to Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 2 December 2021 on the financing, management and monitoring of the common agricultural policy and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 (1), and in particular Articles 11(1),23(2), 38(2), 40(3), 41(3), 47(1), 52(1), 54(4), 55(6), 64(3), 76(2), 94(5) and (6) thereof,
         Whereas:
         
                     (1)
                  
                  
                     Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 lays down the basic provisions concerning, inter alia, the accreditation of paying agencies and coordination bodies, the obligations of the paying agencies as regards public intervention, the financial management and the clearance procedures, securities and use of euro. In order to ensure the smooth functioning of the new legal framework, certain rules have to be adopted to supplement the provisions laid down by that Regulation in the areas concerned. The new rules should replace the relevant provisions of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 907/2014 (2).
                  
               
                     (2)
                  
                  
                     In accordance with Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, paying agencies may only be accredited by Member States if they comply with certain minimum criteria established at Union level. Those criteria are to cover four basic areas: internal environment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. Member States should be free to lay down additional accreditation criteria to take account of any specific features of a paying agency.
                  
               
                     (3)
                  
                  
                     In accordance with Article 8(1), point (b), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, a competent authority at ministerial level is to be responsible for the issuing, reviewing and withdrawing of the accreditation of the coordinating body referred to in Article 10 of that Regulation. Coordinating bodies should only be accredited by Member States if they comply with certain minimum criteria established at Union level and by the competent authority. Those criteria should cover the specific tasks of the coordinating body as regards the processing of the information of a financial character as referred to in Article 10(1), point (a), and (2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
                  
               
                     (4)
                  
                  
                     Public intervention measures may be financed only if the expenditure concerned is incurred by the paying agencies designated by the Member States as being responsible for certain obligations with respect to public intervention. However, the performance of tasks relating, in particular, to the administration and checking of intervention measures, with the exception of payment of aid, may be delegated in accordance with Article 9(1), second subparagraph, of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116. It should also be possible for several paying agencies to perform these tasks. It should also be laid down that the management of certain public storage measures may be entrusted to third parties, whether public or private bodies, under the responsibility of the paying agency. It is therefore appropriate to specify the scope of the responsibility of the paying agencies in this context, specify their obligations and determine under what conditions and according to which rules the management of certain public storage measures may be entrusted to third parties, whether public or private bodies. In this case, it should be provided that the bodies concerned have to act under contract on the basis of general obligations and principles which should be laid down.
                  
               
                     (5)
                  
                  
                     Union agricultural legislation includes, for the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) and interventions financed by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and governed under the integrated administration and control system (IACS), periods for payment of aids to beneficiaries, which have to be complied with by Member States. Payments effected outside those periods are to be regarded as ineligible for Union financing. However, analysis has shown that in a number of cases late payments of aid are made by Member States due to additional checks by Member States related to contentious claims, appeals and other national legal disputes. Therefore and in accordance with the principle of proportionality, a fixed margin related to expenditure should be laid down within which no reductions of payments are to be made for these cases. In addition, once this margin is exceeded, in order to modulate the financial impact in proportion to the delay incurred in payment, provision should be made for the Commission to proportionally reduce the Union payments according to the length of delay in payment recorded.
                  
               
                     (6)
                  
                  
                     Payments of aid before the earliest possible date of payment as laid down by Union law cannot be justified by the same reasons as payments after the latest possible date of payment. Therefore, no proportional reduction should be provided for those early payments. However, an exception should be provided for cases where Union agricultural legislation provides the payment of an advance up to a certain maximum amount.
                  
               
                     (7)
                  
                  
                     The Commission is to make payments to the Member States on the basis of declarations of expenditure sent by the Member States, in accordance with Articles 21 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116. The Commission should, however, take into account the revenue received by the paying agencies on behalf of the Union budget. The conditions under which certain types of expenditure and revenue effected under the EAGF and the EAFRD are to be offset should therefore be laid down.
                  
               
                     (8)
                  
                  
                     Pursuant to Article 16(2), third subparagraph, of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3), if the Union budget has not been adopted by the beginning of the financial year, payments may be made monthly per chapter to a maximum of one twelfth of the allocated appropriations in the relevant chapter of the budget for the preceding financial year. To allocate the available appropriations fairly among the Member States, provision should be made for the monthly payments under the EAGF and the interim payments under the EAFRD to be made in this case as a percentage of the declarations of expenditure submitted by each Member State and for the balance not used in a given month to be reallocated in the subsequent monthly or interim payments.
                  
               
                     (9)
                  
                  
                     It should be provided that the Commission, after having informed the Member States concerned, may defer the compensation of the expenditure and the assigned revenue for the next monthly payments in case there is late submission of the required information or there are discrepancies that needs to be further clarified with the Member State.
                  
               
                     (10)
                  
                  
                     To avoid the application, by the Member States which have not adopted the euro, of different exchange rates in accounts of revenue received or aid paid to beneficiaries and registered in the account of the paying agencies, in a currency other than the euro, on the one hand, and in the declaration of expenditure drawn up by the paying agency, or the accredited coordinating body, on the other, additional requirements need to be laid down.
                  
               
                     (11)
                  
                  
                     For cases where the exchange rate for the operative event have not been established by the Union law it needs be established requirements for the exchange rate that Member States which have not adopted the euro, have to use in their declaration of expenditure and for the purpose of the financial and performance clearance for the assigned revenue resulting from financial consequences of non-recovery.
                  
               
                     (12)
                  
                  
                     In the context of the performance clearance, it is appropriate to lay down rules on the criteria for justifications to be provided by the Member State concerned and the methodology and criteria for applying reductions.
                  
               
                     (13)
                  
                  
                     In order to enable the Commission to verify that Member States respect their obligation to protect the financial interests of the Union and to ensure an efficient application of the conformity clearance procedure provided for in Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, provisions should be laid down concerning the criteria and methodology to apply corrections. The different types of corrections referred to in that Article 55 should be defined and principles should be laid down on how the circumstances of each case will be taken into account to determine the amounts of correction. Moreover, rules should be established on how recoveries made by the Member States from the beneficiaries will be credited to the EAGF and the EAFRD.
                  
               
                     (14)
                  
                  
                     In respect of the specific eligibility rules for the crop-specific payment for cotton set out in Title III, Chapter II, Section 3, Subsection 2, of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 of the European Parliament and of the Council (4) and support for early retirement as referred to in Article 155(2) of that Regulation, cases of non-compliance need to be assessed under a conformity procedure, which would assess the compliance with legality and regularity at beneficiary level.
                  
               
                     (15)
                  
                  
                     Under the new delivery model, the compliance of the Member States’ systems with the Union rules will be assessed and in cases of serious deficiencies with the governance systems, the Commission will propose to exclude certain expenditure from Union financing in a conformity procedure. The assessment should not extend to cases of non-compliance with the eligibility conditions for individual beneficiaries laid down in the national CAP Strategic Plans and national rules. As the assessment is at systems level, the proposal for exclusion from Union financing should be based on flat-rate corrections. However, where the specific circumstances allow, Member States could provide a detailed calculation or an extrapolated calculation of the risk forthe EAGF or the EAFRD, to be assessed by the Commission in the conformity procedure.
                  
               
                     (16)
                  
                  
                     Numerous provisions in agricultural regulations of the Union require that a security be given to ensure payment of a sum due if an obligation is not met. Therefore, in order to avoid unequal competitive conditions, the conditions applying to that requirement should be laid down.
                  
               
                     (17)
                  
                  
                     In the interest of clarity and legal certainty, Delegated Regulation (EU) No 907/2014 should be repealed. However, Article 5a, Article 7(3) and (4), Article 11(1), second subparagraph, and (2) and Article 13 of that Regulation should continue to apply to the implementation of rural development programmes pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (5) and to the operational programmes approved under Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (6), while Article 13 of that Regulation should continue to apply for ongoing recoveries launched under Article 54 of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (7).
                  
               
                     (18)
                  
                  
                     In the interest of the correct implementation of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, it is appropriate to specify that where a paying agency, accredited in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013, assumes responsibility for expenditure for which it was not previously responsible, it should be accredited with the new responsibilities before 1 January 2023.
                  
               
                     (19)
                  
                  
                     Finally, in view of Point 31 of the Inter-institutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making, the Commission considers that there is a substantive link between the empowerments in Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 regarding the rules on paying agencies’ accreditation, financial management, clearance and securities, and there is an interconnection between them in the day-to-day management of the CAP expenditure. It is, therefore, appropriate to lay down those rules in the same delegated act,
                  
               HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
         
            CHAPTER I
         
         
            
               Paying agencies and other bodies
            
         
         
            Article 1
            Conditions for the accreditation of paying agencies
            
               1.   Member States shall accredit as paying agencies departments or bodies, which fulfil the conditions laid down in this paragraph and meet the criteria referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3. Paying agencies carrying out the management and control of expenditure as provided for in Article 9(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 shall provide, in respect of payments made by them and as regards communicating and keeping information, sufficient guarantees that:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           as regards types of intervention referred to in Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, the expenditure matches the corresponding reported output and that it has been effected in accordance with the applicable governance systems;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           payments are legal and regular as regards the measures laid down in Regulations (EU) No 228/2013 (8), (EU) No 229/2013 (9), (EU) No 1308/2013 and (EU) No 1144/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (10);
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           accurate and exhaustive accounts are kept of the payments made;
                        
                     
                           (d)
                        
                        
                           the checks laid down by Union legislation are made;
                        
                     
                           (e)
                        
                        
                           the requisite documents are presented within the time limits and in the form set out by Union rules;
                        
                     
                           (f)
                        
                        
                           the documents are accessible and kept in a manner which ensures their completeness, validity and legibility over time, including with regard to electronic documents within the meaning of Union rules.
                        
                     
            
               2.   In order to be accredited, a paying agency shall have an administrative organisation and a system of internal control which comply with the criteria set out in Annex I regarding:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           internal environment;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           control activities;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           information and communication;
                        
                     
                           (d)
                        
                        
                           monitoring.
                        
                     
            
               3.   Member States may lay down further accreditation criteria to take account of the size, responsibilities and other specific features of the paying agency.
            
         
         
            Article 2
            Conditions for the accreditation of coordinating bodies
            
               1.   Where more than one paying agency is accredited, in accordance with Article 10(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, the Member State concerned shall accredit as coordinating bodies departments or bodies, which fulfil the conditions laid down in paragraph 2 and meet the criteria referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4. That Member State shall, by a formal act at ministerial level, decide on the accreditation of the coordinating body after it has satisfied itself that the administrative arrangements of that body guarantee that it is capable of fulfilling the tasks referred to in that Article.
            
            
               2.   In order to be accredited, the coordinating body shall ensure that:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           declarations to the Commission are based on information from properly authorised sources;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           the annual performance report referred to in Article 54(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and Article 134 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 is covered by the scope of the opinion referred to in Article 12(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and its transmission is accompanied by a management declaration covering the compilation of the entire report;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           declarations to the Commission are properly authorised before transmission;
                        
                     
                           (d)
                        
                        
                           a proper audit trail exists to support the information transmitted to the Commission;
                        
                     
                           (e)
                        
                        
                           a record of information received and transmitted is securely stored in computerised format.
                        
                     
            
               3.   In order to be accredited, a coordinating body shall have an administrative organisation and a system of internal control as regards the compilation of the annual performance report, which complies with requirements set by the competent authority as regards the procedures involved, and especially the criteria on information and communication as set out in Annex II.
            
            
               4.   Member States may lay down further accreditation criteria to take account of the size, responsibilities and other specific features of the coordinating body.
            
         
         
            Article 3
            Obligations of the paying agency as regards public intervention
            
               1.   The paying agencies referred to in Article 9(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 shall manage and ensure control of the operations linked to intervention measures relating to public storage for which they are responsible, under the terms laid down in Annex III to this Regulation and, where appropriate, in the sectoral agricultural legislation, in particular on the basis of the minimum checking rates fixed in that Annex.
               The paying agencies may delegate their powers in relation to public intervention measures to intervention agencies which meet the conditions of approval laid down in point 1.D of Annex I to this Regulation or act through other paying agencies.
            
            
               2.   The paying agencies or intervention agencies may, without prejudice to their overall responsibility relating to public storage:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           entrust the management of certain public storage measures to natural or legal persons storing bought-in agricultural products (‘storers’);
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           mandate natural or legal persons to carry out certain specific tasks laid down by the sectoral agricultural legislation.
                        
                     If the paying agencies entrust the management to storers as referred to in the first subparagraph, point (a), such management shall be carried out under storage contracts on the basis of the obligations and general principles set out in Annex IV.
            
            
               3.   The obligations of paying agencies with regard to public storage shall be, in particular, as follows:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           to keep stock accounts and financial accounts for each product covered by an intervention measure involving public storage, based on the operations they carry out from 1 October of one year to 30 September of the following year, this period being referred to as an ‘accounting year’;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           to keep an up-to-date list of the storers with whom they have concluded public storage contracts. This list shall contain references allowing the exact identification of all storage points, their capacity, the number of warehouses, cold stores and silos, and drawings and diagrams thereof;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           to make available to the Commission the standard contracts used for public storage, the rules laid down for the taking-over of products, their storage and removal from the storehouses of the storers, and the rules applicable to the liability of storers;
                        
                     
                           (d)
                        
                        
                           to keep centralised, computerised stock accounts of all stocks, covering all storage places, all products and all the quantities and qualities of the different products, specifying in each case the weight (net and gross, where applicable) or the volume;
                        
                     
                           (e)
                        
                        
                           to perform all operations relating to the storage, conservation, transport or transfer of intervention products in accordance with Union and national legislation, without prejudice to the responsibility of the purchasers, of the other paying agencies involved in an operation and of any other persons acting on instruction in this regard;
                        
                     
                           (f)
                        
                        
                           to conduct checks on places where intervention stocks are held, throughout the year, at irregular intervals and without prior warning. However, provided that the purpose of the control is not jeopardised, advance notice may be given, but shall be strictly limited to the minimum time-period necessary. Such notice shall not exceed 24 hours, except in duly justified cases;
                        
                     
                           (g)
                        
                        
                           to conduct an annual stocktaking in accordance with Article 4.
                        
                     Where, in a Member State, management of the public storage accounts for one or more products is carried out by more than one paying agency, the stock accounts and financial accounts referred to in the first subparagraph, points (a) and (d), shall be consolidated at Member State level before the corresponding information is notified to the Commission.
            
            
               4.   The paying agencies shall ensure:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           that products covered by Union intervention measures are properly conserved by checking the quality of stored products at least once a year;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           the integrity of intervention stocks.
                        
                     
            
               5.   The paying agencies shall inform the Commission immediately:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           of cases where extending the storage period of a product is likely to result in its deterioration;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           of quantitative losses or deterioration of the product due to natural disasters.
                        
                     Where situations referred to in the first subparagraph are applicable, the Commission shall adopt the appropriate decision:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           as regards the situations referred to in the first subparagraph, point (a), in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 229(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           as regards the situations referred to in the first subparagraph, point (b), in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 102(3) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
                        
                     
            
               6.   The paying agencies shall bear any financial consequences of poor conservation of products covered by Union intervention measures, in particular those resulting from unsuitable storage methods. Without prejudice to any recourse against storers, the paying agencies shall bear financial responsibility for failure to comply with their undertakings or obligations.
            
            
               7.   The paying agencies shall make the public storage accounts and all documents, contracts and files drawn up or received in the context of intervention operations permanently available to Commission agents or persons mandated by the Commission, either electronically or at the premises of the paying agencies.
            
         
         
            Article 4
            Inventory
            
               1.   During each accounting year, the paying agencies shall draw up an inventory for each product, which has been the subject of Union intervention.
               They shall compare the results of the inventory with the accounting data. Any differences in quantities found, and the amounts resulting from differences in quality found during checks, shall be accounted for in accordance with the rules adopted pursuant to Article 47(3), point (a) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
            
               2.   For the purposes of paragraph 1, missing quantities resulting from normal storage operations shall be equal to the difference between the theoretical stock shown by the accounts inventory, on the one hand, and the actual physical stock as established on the basis of the inventory provided for in paragraph 1 or the stock shown as remaining on the books after the physical stock of a store has been exhausted, on the other hand and shall be subject to the tolerance limits set out in Annex V.
            
         
         
            CHAPTER II
         
         
            
               Financial management
            
         
         
            Article 5
            Non-compliance with the latest payment deadline
            
               1.   Payments to a beneficiary made after the latest possible payment date may be considered eligible under the circumstances and conditions laid down in paragraphs 2 to 6.
            
            
               2.   Where European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) expenditure under Article 5(2) or European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) expenditure under Article 6 for interventions referred to in Article 65(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 effected after the deadline laid down by Union law is equal to the threshold of 5 % or less of the expenditure effected before the deadlines for the EAGF and the EAFRD respectively, no reduction of the monthly or interim payments shall be made.
               Where EAGF or EAFRD expenditure effected after the deadlines laid down by Union law is above the threshold of 5 % for the EAGF and the EAFRD respectively, all further expenditure effected late shall be reduced in accordance with the following rules:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           for EAGF expenditure:
                           
                                       (i)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected in the first month following the month in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 10 %;
                                    
                                 
                                       (ii)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected in the second month following the month in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 25 %;
                                    
                                 
                                       (iii)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected in the third month following the month in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 45 %;
                                    
                                 
                                       (iv)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected in the fourth month following the month in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 70 %;
                                    
                                 
                                       (v)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected later than the fourth month following the month in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 100 %;
                                    
                                 
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           for EAFRD expenditure:
                           
                                       (i)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected between 1 July and 15 October of the year in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 25 %;
                                    
                                 
                                       (ii)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected between 16 October and 31 December of the year in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 60 %;
                                    
                                 
                                       (iii)
                                    
                                    
                                       expenditure effected later than 31 December of the year in which the payment deadline expired shall be reduced by 100 %.
                                    
                                 
                     
            
               3.   By way of derogation from paragraph 2, the following conditions shall apply:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           where for expenditure for interventions in the form of direct payments or EAFRD expenditure the threshold referred to in paragraph 2, first subparagraph, has not been used in full for payments made in respect of calendar year N no later than 15 October of year N + 1 for the EAGF and no later than 31 December of year N + 1 for the EAFRD and the remainder of the threshold exceeds 2 %, that remainder shall be reduced to 2 %;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           during a financial year N + 1, payments for interventions in the form of direct payments, other than payments provided for in Regulations (EU) No 228/2013 and (EU) No 229/2013, in respect of calendar years N-1 or earlier made after the payment deadline shall only be eligible for financing by the EAGF if the total amount of interventions in the form of direct payments made within financial year N+1, where applicable corrected to amounts before the adjustment provided for in Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, does not exceed the ceiling laid down in Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 in respect of calendar year N, in accordance with Article 87(1) of that Regulation;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           expenditure exceeding the limits referred to in point (a) or (b) shall be reduced by 100 %.
                        
                     The amounts of the reimbursements referred to in Article 17(3), second subparagraph, of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 shall not be taken into account to check whether the condition laid down in the first subparagraph, point (b), of this paragraph is fulfilled.
            
            
               4.   Where exceptional management conditions are encountered for certain interventions and measures or where justified reasons are advanced by the Member States, the Commission shall apply either different time scales from those laid down in paragraphs 2 and 3, and/or lower reductions or apply no reduction at all.
               However, the first subparagraph shall not apply for expenditure exceeding the ceiling referred to in paragraph 3, first subparagraph, point (b).
            
            
               5.   Checks on compliance with the payment deadline shall be made once each financial year on expenditure made by 15 October.
               Any overrun of payment deadline shall be taken into account in the accounts clearance decision referred to in Article 53 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, at the latest.
            
            
               6.   The reductions referred to in this Article shall be applied without prejudice to the subsequent decision on annual performance clearance, referred to in Article 54 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and the conformity procedure, referred to in Article 55 of that Regulation.
            
         
         
            Article 6
            Non-compliance with the earliest date of payment
            As regards EAGF expenditure, if Member States are allowed to pay advances up to a certain maximum amount before the earliest payment date laid down by Union law, this expenditure shall be considered as expenditure eligible for Union financing. Any expenditure paid above this maximum amount shall be ineligible for Union financing except in duly justified cases where exceptional management conditions are encountered for certain interventions or measures or where justified reasons are provided by the Member States. In such cases, the expenditure paid above the maximum amount shall be eligible for Union financing subject to a reduction of 10 %.
            The corresponding reduction shall be taken into account in the accounts clearance decision referred to in Article 53 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, at the latest.
         
         
            Article 7
            Compensation by paying agencies
            
               1.   In its decision on the monthly payments to be adopted pursuant to Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, the Commission shall establish the balance of the expenditure declared by each Member State in its monthly declarations, less the assigned revenue which that Member State has included in its declarations of expenditure. This set-off shall be regarded as equivalent to collection of the corresponding revenue.
               Commitment appropriations and payment appropriations generated by assigned revenue shall be open once this revenue has been assigned to budget lines.
            
            
               2.   If the amounts referred to in Article 45(1), point (b), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 were withheld before the payment of the aid concerned by the irregularity or negligence, they shall be deducted from the corresponding expenditure.
            
            
               3.   The amounts of the EAFRD contributions recovered from beneficiaries under the Member State’s CAP Strategic Plan concerned during each reference period shall be deducted from the amount to be paid by the EAFRD in the declaration of expenditure for that period.
            
            
               4.   The greater or lesser amounts resulting, where applicable, from the annual financial clearance may be re-used under the EAFRD and shall be added to or deducted from the amount of the EAFRD contribution when the first declaration after the clearance of accounts decision is drawn up.
            
            
               5.   Financing from the EAGF shall be equal to the expenditure, calculated on the basis of the information notified by the paying agency, after deduction of any revenue accruing from the intervention measures, validated by the computerised system set up by the Commission and included by the paying agency in its declaration of expenditure.
            
         
         
            Article 8
            Late adoption of Union budget
            
               1.   If the Union budget has not been adopted by the beginning of the budgetary year, the monthly payments referred to in Article 21 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and the interim payments referred to in Article 32 of that Regulation shall be made proportionally to the authorised appropriations per chapter as a percentage of the declarations of expenditure received from each Member State, for the EAGF and the EAFRD respectively, and within the limits laid down in Article 16 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046.
               The Commission shall take into account the balance of amounts not reimbursed to the Member States in subsequent payments.
            
            
               2.   As regards the EAFRD, if the Union budget has not been adopted by the beginning of the budgetary year as regards the budgetary commitments referred to in Article 29 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, the first annual instalments following the adoption of the Member States’ CAP Strategic Plans shall respect the order of adoption of those plans. The budget commitments for the subsequent annual instalments shall be made in the order of the Member States’ CAP Strategic Plans having exhausted the respective commitments. The Commission may make partial annual commitments to the Member States’ CAP Strategic Plans if the available commitment appropriations are limited. The remaining balance for those plans shall be committed only once additional commitment appropriations become available.
            
         
         
            Article 9
            Deferral of monthly payments
            The monthly payments referred to in Article 21 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 to the Member States may be deferred where the communications as referred to in Article 90(1), point (c)(i) and (ii), of that Regulation arrive late or contain discrepancies, which necessitate further checks. The Commission shall inform the Member States concerned in due time of its intention to defer payments.
         
         
            Article 10
            Suspension of payments in relation to the annual clearance
            
               1.   Where the Commission suspends the monthly payments referred to in Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 pursuant to Article 40(1), first subparagraph, of that Regulation, the following rates of suspension of payments shall apply:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           if the Member State does not submit the documents referred to in Articles 9(3) and 12(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 by 1 March, 1 % of the total amount of the monthly payments referred to in Article 21(3) of that Regulation;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           if the Member State does not submit the documents referred to in Articles 9(3) and 12(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 by 1 April, 1,5 % of the total amount of the monthly payments referred to in Article 21(3) of that Regulation.
                        
                     
            
               2.   The suspension shall be lifted after the submission of all the relevant documents referred to in Articles 9(3) and 12(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
         
         
            Article 11
            Suspension of payments in relation to the performance clearance
            
               1.   Where the Commission suspends the monthly payments referred to in Article 21(3) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 or the interim payments referred to in Article 32 of that Regulation pursuant to Article 40(2) of that Regulation following the performance clearance as referred to in Article 54 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, the rate of suspension shall correspond to the difference between the reduction rate applied pursuant to Article 54(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and 50 percentage points, multiplied by 2. The rate of suspension to be applied shall not be less than 10 %.
            
            
               2.   The suspensions referred to in paragraph 1 shall be without prejudice to Articles 53 and 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
         
         
            Article 12
            Applicable exchange rate for drawing up declarations of expenditure
            
               1.   In accordance with Article 94(4) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, as regards the EAGF, for drawing up their declarations of expenditure, Member States which have not adopted the euro shall apply the same exchange rate as that which they used to make payments to beneficiaries or receive revenue, in accordance with Chapter V of this Regulation and the sectoral agricultural legislation.
            
            
               2.   As regards the EAFRD, for drawing up their declarations of expenditure, Member States which have not adopted the euro shall apply, for each payment or recovery operation, the last-but-one exchange rate established by the European Central Bank prior to the month in which the operations are registered in the accounts of the paying agency.
            
            
               3.   As regards the clearance decisions referred to in Articles 53 and 54 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and the conformity procedure referred to in Article 55 of that Regulation, the first exchange rate established by the European Central Bank after the date of adoption of the clearance implementing acts shall be used.
            
            
               4.   In cases other than those referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, as well as for operations for which an operative event has not been laid down by Union law, the applicable exchange rate for Member States which have not adopted the euro shall be the last-but-one exchange rate established by the European Central Bank before the month in respect of which the expenditure or assigned revenue is declared.
            
         
         
            CHAPTER III
         
         
            
               Clearance of accounts and other checks
            
         
         
            Article 13
            Criteria and methodology for applying reductions in the framework of the performance clearance
            
               1.   For the purpose of adopting the decision pursuant to Article 54(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 on the amounts to be reduced from Union financing, the Commission shall assess the annual expenditure declared by the Member State for the intervention against its corresponding output as reported in the annual performance report referred to in Article 54(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, submitted pursuant to Article 9(3), first subparagraph, point (b), and Article 10(1), point (b), of that Regulation, and Article 134 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115.
            
            
               2.   Where the declared expenditure does not have a corresponding output for the relevant financial year and where such deviations as regards the outputs and the realised unit amounts have not been previously explained by the Member State in accordance with Article 134(5) to (9) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 in the annual performance report or where the justifications for the deviations are insufficient, the Member State shall provide further justifications within the time-periods set by the Commission. The justifications shall cover the expenditure declared that does not have a corresponding output in the relevant budgetary year.
            
            
               3.   The justifications to be provided by the Member State shall contain relevant information explaining the deviation at unit amount level and the period concerned. It shall contain quantitative information, as well as, qualitative explanations, where necessary.
               The Member State shall also provide explanations regarding the extent and effect of the corrective actions already taken to remedy the deviation and to prevent it from reoccurring.
               Where the Member State cannot provide justifications for the deviations in accordance with paragraph 2, it may provide justifications for a part of the deviations.
            
            
               4.   Where the Member State fails to provide duly justified reasons for the deviations or where those are considered insufficient by the Commission in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3, or cover only part of the deviations, the Commission shall reduce the relevant amounts from Union financing. The Commission shall notify the Member State of its opinion in a separate communication
            
            
               5.   The reductions referred to in this Article shall be applied without prejudice to the subsequent decision on conformity clearance referred to in Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
         
         
            Article 14
            Criteria and methodology for applying corrections in the framework of the conformity procedure for the expenditure outside the scope of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 or for the crop-specific payment for cotton and support for early retirement
            
               1.   For the purpose of adopting the decision on the amounts to be excluded from Union financing pursuant to Article 55(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, the Commission shall distinguish between those amounts or parts of the amounts identified as amounts unduly spent and those determined by applying extrapolated or flat rate corrections.
               In order to determine the amounts that may be excluded from Union financing, when finding that expenditure outside the scope of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, for the crop-specific payment for cotton or support for early retirement under Title III, Chapter II, Section 3, Subsection 2, and Article 155(2) of that Regulation, respectively, has not been incurred in conformity with Union law, the Commission shall use its own findings and shall take into account the information made available by the Member States during the conformity clearance procedure carried out in accordance with Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
            
               2.   The Commission shall base the exclusion on the identification of the amounts unduly spent only if those amounts may be identified with proportionate effort. Where the amounts unduly spent cannot be identified by the Commission with proportionate effort, Member States may, within the time-periods set by the Commission during the conformity clearance procedure, submit data concerning the verification of those amounts on the basis of an examination of all individual cases potentially affected by the non-conformity. The verification shall cover the entire expenditure incurred in breach of applicable law and charged to the Union budget. The data submitted shall include all individual amounts which are ineligible due to that non-conformity.
            
            
               3.   Where the amounts unduly spent cannot be identified in accordance with paragraph 2, the Commission may determine the amounts to be excluded by applying extrapolated corrections. To enable the Commission to determine the relevant amounts, Member States may, within the time-periods set by the Commission during the conformity clearance procedure, submit a calculation of the amount to be excluded from Union financing by extrapolating through statistical means the results of checks carried out on a representative sample of those cases. The sample shall be drawn from the population for which the identified non-conformity is reasonably expected to occur.
            
            
               4.   In order to take into consideration the results submitted by Member States as referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3, the Commission shall be in a position to:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           assess the methods used for identifying or extrapolating, which shall be clearly described by the Member States;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           check the representativeness of the sample referred to in paragraph 3;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           check the content and results of the identification or extrapolation submitted to it;
                        
                     
                           (d)
                        
                        
                           obtain sufficient and relevant audit evidence regarding the underlying data.
                        
                     
            
               5.   When applying extrapolated corrections as foreseen in paragraph 3, the Member States may use the paying agencies’ control statistics as confirmed by the certification body, or such body’s assessment of the level of error in the context of its audit referred to in Article 12 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, provided that:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           the Commission is satisfied with the work carried out by the certification bodies, both in terms of audit strategy and concerning the content, extent and quality of the actual audit work;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           the scope of the certification bodies’ work is consistent with the scope of the conformity clearance enquiry in question, in particular with regard to the measures or schemes;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           the amount of the penalties that should have been applied was taken into account in the assessments.
                        
                     
            
               6.   Where the conditions for determining the amounts to be excluded from Union financing as referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 are not met or the nature of the case is such that the amounts to be excluded cannot be determined on the basis of those paragraphs, the Commission shall apply the appropriate flat-rate corrections, taking into account the nature and gravity of the infringement and its own estimation of the risk of financial damage caused to the Union budget.
               The level of flat-rate correction shall be established by taking into consideration in particular the type of non-conformity identified. To this effect, control deficiencies shall be divided between those relating to key and ancillary controls as follows:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           key controls shall be the administrative and on-the-spot checks necessary to determine the eligibility of the aid and the relevant application of reductions and penalties;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           ancillary controls shall be all other administrative operations required to correctly process claims.
                        
                     If, in the framework of the same conformity clearance procedure, different non-conformities which would individually lead to distinct flat-rate corrections are established, then only the highest flat-rate correction shall apply.
            
            
               7.   When establishing the level of flat-rate corrections, the Commission shall specifically take into account one or more of the following circumstances demonstrating a higher gravity of the deficiencies revealing a greater risk of loss for the Union budget:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           one or more key controls are not applied or are applied so poorly or so infrequently that they are deemed ineffective in determining the eligibility of the claim or in preventing irregularities;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           three or more deficiencies are detected with respect to the same control system;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           the Member State’s application of a control system is found to be absent or gravely deficient, and there is evidence of wide-spread irregularity and negligence in countering irregular or fraudulent practices;
                        
                     
                           (d)
                        
                        
                           similar deficiencies in the same sector are detected in a Member State in an enquiry that follows an enquiry in which they have been first detected and communicated to the Member State, account taken however of the corrective or compensating measures already taken by the Member State.
                        
                     
            
               8.   Where a Member State submits certain objective elements, which do not fulfil the requirements laid down in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article, but which demonstrate that the maximum loss for the EAGF and the EAFRD is limited to a sum lower than what would derive from the application of the flat-rate proposed, the Commission shall use that lower flat rate to decide on the amounts to be excluded from Union financing pursuant to Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
            
               9.   Amounts effectively recovered from the beneficiaries and credited to the EAGF and the EAFRD before a relevant date, to be established by the Commission in the course of the conformity clearance procedure, shall be deducted from the amount that the Commission decides to exclude from Union financing pursuant to Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
         
         
            Article 15
            Criteria and methodology for applying corrections in the framework of the conformity procedure for expenditure within the scope of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115
            
               1.   For the purpose of adopting the decision on the amounts to be excluded from Union financing pursuant to Article 55(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, the Commission shall use its own findings and shall take into account the information made available by the Member States during the conformity procedure carried out in accordance with Article 55(3) of that Regulation. The amount to be excluded from Union financing shall as much as possible correspond to the actual financial loss or risk for the Union budget.
            
            
               2.   Where the Commission finds that the expenditure has not been effected in conformity with Union law, the Commission may determine the amounts to be excluded by applying flat-rate corrections, taking into account the nature and gravity of the infringement and its own estimation of the risk of financial damage caused to the Union.
               The level of flat-rate correction shall be established by taking into consideration in particular the type of serious deficiency identified. To this effect, account shall be taken of the elements of the governance systems affected by the serious deficiencies.
               If, in the framework of the same conformity procedure, different serious deficiencies which would individually lead to distinct flat-rate corrections are established, then only the highest flat-rate correction shall apply.
            
            
               3.   When establishing the level of flat-rate corrections, the Commission shall specifically take into account one or more of the following circumstances demonstrating a higher gravity of the deficiencies, revealing a greater risk of loss for the Union budget:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           serious deficiencies in one or more elements of the governance systems;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           the Member State’s application of an element of the governance system is found to be absent, and there is evidence of wide-spread irregularity and negligence in countering irregular or fraudulent practices;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           similar deficiencies in the same sector are detected in a Member State in an enquiry that follows an enquiry in which they have been first detected and communicated to the Member State, account taken however of the corrective or compensating measures already taken by the Member State.
                        
                     
            
               4.   Where a Member State demonstrates that the maximum loss for the EAGF and the EAFRD is limited to a sum lower than what would derive from the application of the flat-rate proposed, the lower flat-rate may be applied or the certification body’s assessment of the governance systems in the context of its audit referred to in Article 12 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 may be used by the Commission in order to determine the amounts to be excluded from Union financing during the conformity procedure referred to in Article 55 of that Regulation.
            
            
               5.   Where appropriate, Member States may, within the time-periods set by the Commission during the conformity procedure, submit data concerning the verification of those amounts on the basis of an examination of all individual cases potentially affected by the deficiency. The verification shall cover the entire expenditure incurred in breach of Union law and charged to the Union budget. The data submitted shall include all amounts, which are ineligible due to that non-conformity with Union law. Alternatively, Member States may provide an assessment of the risk, based on a statistically valid and representative sample of the population affected by the deficiency, provided the Member States cannot calculate the amounts unduly spent with proportionate effort. The certification body shall confirm the Member State’s assessment of the deficiency.
            
            
               6.   In order to take into consideration the results submitted by Member States as referred to in paragraph 5, the Commission shall assess the method, content and results of the verification or extrapolation submitted. Where the Commission is satisfied with the method, content and results of the verification or extrapolation submitted, it shall use the results submitted by Member States pursuant to paragraph 5, in order to determine the amounts to be excluded from Union financing pursuant to Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
            
               7.   Amounts effectively recovered from the beneficiaries and credited to the EAGF and the EAFRD before a relevant date, to be established by the Commission in the course of the conformity procedure, shall be deducted from the amount that the Commission decides to exclude from Union financing pursuant to Article 55 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            
         
         
            CHAPTER IV
         
         
            
               Securities
            
         
         
            Section 1
         
         
            
               Scope and use of terms
            
         
         
            Article 16
            Scope
            This Chapter shall apply in all cases where the sectoral agricultural legislation provides for a security whether or not the particular term ‘security’ is used.
            This Chapter shall not apply to securities given to ensure payment of import and export duties referred to in Regulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (11).
         
         
            Article 17
            Terms used in this Chapter
            For the purposes of this Chapter:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        ‘competent authority’ means either a party authorised to accept a security or a party authorised to decide in accordance with the relevant regulation if a security is to be released or forfeited;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        ‘block security’ means a security made available to the competent authority with the purpose of ensuring that more than one obligation is met;
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        ‘the relevant part of the sum secured’ means the part of the sum secured corresponding to the quantity for which a requirement has been breached.
                     
                  
         
            Section 2
         
         
            
               Requirement of a security
            
         
         
            Article 18
            Responsible party
            A security shall be given by or on behalf of the party responsible for paying the sum of money due if an obligation is not met.
         
         
            Article 19
            Waiver of a security requirement
            
               1.   The competent authority may waive the security requirement where the party responsible for meeting the obligation is either:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           a public body responsible for executing the duties of a public authority; or
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           a private body executing duties referred to in point (a) under State supervision.
                        
                     
            
               2.   The competent authority may waive the security requirement where the value of the sum secured is less than EUR 500. In that case, the party concerned shall undertake in writing to pay a sum equal to the security waived if the corresponding obligation is not met.
               In applying the first subparagraph, the value of the security shall be calculated as comprising all the relevant obligations linked with a same operation.
            
         
         
            Article 20
            Conditions applying to securities
            
               1.   The competent authority shall refuse to accept or shall require the replacement of any security which it considers inadequate or unsatisfactory or which does not provide cover for a sufficient period.
            
            
               2.   Where cash is deposited by transfer, it shall not be regarded as establishing a security until the competent authority is satisfied that it has the amount at its disposal.
            
            
               3.   A cheque for a sum whose payment is guaranteed by a financial institution recognised for that purpose by the Member State of the competent authority concerned shall be treated as a cash deposit. The competent authority need not to present such a cheque for payment until the period for which it is guaranteed is about to expire.
               A cheque, other than as referred to in the first subparagraph, shall constitute a security only when the competent authority is satisfied that it has the amount at its disposal.
            
            
               4.   Any charges by a financial institution shall be borne by the party giving the security.
            
            
               5.   No interest shall be paid to the party giving a security in the form of a cash deposit.
            
         
         
            Article 21
            Use of euro
            
               1.   Securities shall be constituted in euro.
            
            
               2.   If the security is accepted in a Member State which has not adopted the euro, the amount of the security in euro shall be converted into the applicable national currency in accordance with Chapter V. The undertaking corresponding to the security and any amount withheld in the event of irregularities or breaches shall remain fixed in euro.
            
         
         
            Article 22
            The guarantor
            
               1.   The guarantor shall have his officially registered residence or an establishment in the Union and, subject to the provisions of the Treaty concerning freedom to supply services, be approved by the competent authority of the Member State in which the security is given. The guarantor shall be bound by a written guarantee.
            
            
               2.   The written guarantee shall state at least:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           the obligation or, in the case of a block security, the type(s) of obligation against whose fulfilment it guarantees the payment of a sum of money;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           the maximum liability to pay that the guarantor accepts;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           that the guarantor undertakes jointly and severally with the party responsible for meeting the obligation to pay, within 30 days upon demand by the competent authority, any sum, within the limit of the guarantee, due once a security is declared forfeit.
                        
                     
            
               3.   Where a written block security has already been given, the competent authority shall determine the procedure to be followed by which all or part of the block security shall be allocated to a particular obligation.
            
         
         
            Article 23
            Application of force majeure
            
            Any person responsible for an obligation covered by a security claiming that the non-respect of the obligation is due to force majeure shall prove to the satisfaction of the competent authorities that force majeure applies. If the competent authority recognises a case of force majeure, the obligation is cancelled for the sole purpose of releasing the security.
         
         
            Section 3
         
         
            
               Release and forfeiture of securities other than those referred to in Section 4
            
         
         
            Article 24
            Forfeiting of securities
            
               1.   The obligation referred to in Article 64(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 is the requirement to perform or to refrain from performing an action, basic to the purposes of the Regulation imposing it.
            
            
               2.   If an obligation is not fulfilled and no time limit for fulfilment has been given, the security shall be forfeited when the competent authority establishes that it was not fulfilled.
            
            
               3.   If the fulfilment of an obligation is subject to a certain time limit, and the fulfilment took only place beyond that time limit, the security shall be forfeited.
               In such case the security shall be forfeited for 10 % at once and further an additional percentage over the remaining balance shall be applied for:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           2 % per calendar day exceeding the time limit if the obligation concerns the importing of products into a third country;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           5 % per calendar day exceeding the time limit if the obligation concerns the leaving of products of the customs territory of the Union.
                        
                     
            
               4.   If an obligation is fulfilled timely, and the presentation of the proof of fulfilment is subject to a fixed time limit, the security covering that obligation shall be forfeited for each calendar day exceeding that time limit according to the formula 0,2/time limit in days set and taking account of Article 27.
               If the proof referred to in the first subparagraph consists of the submission of a used or expired import or export licence, the security to be forfeited shall be 15 % if that proof is submitted after the fixed time limit referred to in the first subparagraph but at the latest on the 730th calendar day after the expiry date of the licence. After those 730 calendar days, the remaining security shall be forfeited in whole.
            
            
               5.   The amount of security to be forfeited shall be rounded to the first lower amount in whole euro or the applicable national currency.
            
         
         
            Article 25
            Releasing of securities
            
               1.   Once the proof as laid down by the specific Union rules that an obligation has been fulfilled, or the security has been partially forfeited in accordance with Article 64(2) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and Article 24 of this Regulation, the security, or where applicable, the remainder of the security shall be released without delay.
            
            
               2.   A security shall on request be released in part where the relevant evidence has been furnished in relation to part of a quantity of product, provided that that part is not less than any minimum quantity specified in the regulation requiring the security, or, in the absence, as specified by the Member State.
            
            
               3.   Where no time-period is laid down for producing the evidence needed to release a sum secured, such period shall be 365 calendar days from the time limit specified for respecting the obligation for which the security was lodged. Where no time limit is specified for respecting the obligation for which the security was lodged, the period for producing the evidence needed to release a sum secured shall be 365 calendar days from the date by which all obligations have been fulfilled.
               The period laid down in the first subparagraph shall not exceed 1 095 calendar days from the time the security was assigned to a particular obligation.
            
         
         
            Article 26
            Thresholds
            
               1.   The total sum forfeited shall not exceed 100 % of the relevant part of the sum secured.
            
            
               2.   The competent authority may waive the forfeiture of an amount less than EUR 100, provided that similar national provisions for comparable cases are laid down by law, regulation or administrative action.
            
         
         
            Section 4
         
         
            
               Securities with respect to advance payments
            
         
         
            Article 27
            Scope
            This Section shall apply in cases where specific Union rules, other than rules on sectoral interventions, provide that a sum may be advanced before the obligation established to obtain any aid or advantage has been met.
         
         
            Article 28
            Release of securities
            
               1.   The security shall be released:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           either when final entitlement to the sum granted as an advance has been established;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           or when the sum granted, plus any addition provided for in the specific Union rules, has been repaid.
                        
                     
            
               2.   Once the deadline for proving final entitlement to the sum granted has passed without production of evidence of entitlement, the competent authority shall immediately follow the procedure for forfeiting the security.
               However, where specific Union rules so provide, evidence may still be produced after that date against partial repayment of the security.
            
         
         
            CHAPTER V
         
         
            
               Use of euro
            
         
         
            Article 29
            Trade with third countries
            
               1.   For amounts relating to imports and for export taxes, fixed in euro by Union law relating to the common agricultural policy and applicable by the Member States in national currency, the conversion rate shall be specifically equal to the rate applicable pursuant to Article 53(1) of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013.
            
            
               2.   For prices and amounts expressed in euro in Union agricultural legislation regarding trade with third countries, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the acceptance of the customs declaration.
            
            
               3.   For the purpose of calculating the standard import value of fruit and vegetables, in order to determine the entry price, the operative event for the exchange rate for the representative prices used to calculate that standard value and the amount of the reduction shall be the day to which the representative prices relate.
            
         
         
            Article 30
            Specific types of aid
            
               1.   For aid granted by quantity of marketed product or product to be used in a specific way, without prejudice to Articles 32 and 33, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the first operation which guarantees, after the products are taken over by the operator concerned, the appropriate use of the products in question and entails grant of the aid.
            
            
               2.   For private storage aid the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the first day of the period in respect of which the aid relating to one and the same contract is granted.
            
            
               3.   For aid other than that referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, and in Articles 32 and 33, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the deadline for the submission of applications.
            
         
         
            Article 31
            Wine sector
            
               1.   The operative event for the exchange rate shall be the first day of the financial year in which the support is granted for the following:
               
                           (a)
                        
                        
                           restructuring and conversion of vineyards referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, point (a), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115;
                        
                     
                           (b)
                        
                        
                           temporary and degressive assistance to cover administrative costs of setting-up of mutual funds referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, point (l), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115;
                        
                     
                           (c)
                        
                        
                           harvest insurance against income losses resulting from adverse climatic events assimilated to natural disasters, adverse climatic events, damages caused by animals, plant diseases or pest infestations referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, point (d), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115.
                        
                     
            
               2.   For the green harvesting operations referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, point (c), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the day on which the green harvesting operation takes place
            
            
               3.   For the distillation of by-products of wine-making carried out in accordance with the restrictions laid down in Part II, Section D, of Annex VIII to Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013, referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, point (g), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the first day of the financial year in which the by-product is delivered.
            
            
               4.   For the investments referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, points (b), (e) and (m), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be 1 January of the year in which the decision to grant the aid is taken.
            
            
               5.   For the types of intervention referred to in Article 58(1), first subparagraph, points (f), (h), (i), (j) and (k), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the last-but-one exchange rate established by the European Central Bank before the month in respect of which the expenditure or assigned revenue is declared.
            
         
         
            Article 32
            Amounts and payments of aid linked to the implementation of the school scheme
            For aid granted for the implementation of the school scheme referred to in Part II, Title I, Chapter II, Section I, of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be 1 January preceding the school year concerned.
         
         
            Article 33
            Support of structural or environmental character
            For rural development support paid in accordance with Title III, Chapter IV, of Regulation (EU) No 2021/2115, as well as for payments relating to measures approved under Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be 1 January of the year in which the decision to grant the aid is taken.
            However, where, under Union rules, payment of the amounts referred to in the first subparagraph is staggered over several years, the operative event for the exchange rate for each of the annual instalments shall be l January of the year for which the instalment in question is paid.
         
         
            Article 34
            Other amounts and prices
            For prices or amounts other than those referred to in Articles 30 to 33, or amounts linked to those prices, expressed in euro in Union legislation, or expressed in euro by a tendering procedure, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the day on which one of the following legal acts occurs:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        for purchases, when the valid offer has been received;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        for sales, when the valid offer has been received;
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        for withdrawals of products the day on which the withdrawal takes place;
                     
                  
                        (d)
                     
                     
                        for non-harvesting and green harvesting operations the day on which the non-harvesting and green harvesting operation takes place;
                     
                  
                        (e)
                     
                     
                        for costs of transport, processing or public storage and for amounts allocated to studies as part of a tendering procedure, the final day for the submission of tenders;
                     
                  
                        (f)
                     
                     
                        for the recording of prices, amounts or tenders on the market, the day in respect of which the price, amount or tender is recorded;
                     
                  
                        (g)
                     
                     
                        for penalties linked to non-compliance with agricultural legislation, the date of the act of the competent authority which establishes the facts.
                     
                  
         
            Article 35
            Payment of advances
            For advances, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the operative event applicable to the price or amount to which the advance relates, where this event has occurred by the time the advance is paid, or, in other cases, the date of setting in euro of the advance or, failing that, the date of payment of the advance. The operative event for the exchange rate shall be applied to advances without prejudice to the application to the entire price or amount in question of the operative event for that price or amount.
         
         
            Article 36
            Securities
            For securities, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the date on which the security is lodged.
            However, the following exceptions shall apply:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        for securities relating to advances, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the operative event as defined for the amount of the advance, where that event has occurred by the time the security is paid;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        for securities relating to the submission of tenders, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the day on which the tender is submitted;
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        for securities relating to the performance of tenders, the operative event for the exchange rate shall be the closing date of the invitation to tender.
                     
                  
         
            Article 37
            Determination of the exchange rate
            When an operative event is fixed under Union legislation, the exchange rate to be used shall be the most recent rate set by the European Central Bank prior to the first day of the month in which the operative event occurs.
            However, the exchange rate to be used shall be:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        for the cases referred to in Article 29(2) of this Regulation in which the operative event for the exchange rate is the acceptance of the customs declaration, the rate referred to in Article 53(1) of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        for intervention expenditure incurred in the context of public storage operations, the rate resulting from the application of Article 3(2) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014 (12).
                     
                  
         
            Article 38
            Scrutiny of transactions
            The amounts in euro resulting from the application of Title IV, Chapter III, of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 shall be converted, where appropriate, into national currencies by applying the rate of exchange operating on the first working date of the year when the scrutiny period begins and as published in the C series of the Official Journal of the European Union.
         
         
            CHAPTER VI
         
         
            
               Transitional and final provisions
            
         
         
            Article 39
            Transitional provisions
            Where a paying agency, accredited in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013, assumes responsibility for expenditure for which it was not previously responsible, it shall be accredited with the new responsibilities before 1 January 2023.
         
         
            Article 40
            Repeal
            Delegated Regulation (EU) No 907/2014 is repealed with effect from 1 January 2023.
            However:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        Article 5a, Article 7(3) and (4), Article 11(1), second subparagraph, and (2) and Article 13 of that Regulation shall continue to apply as regards the EAFRD in relation to expenditure incurred by the beneficiaries and payments effected by the paying agency in the framework of the implementation of rural development programmes pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 and as regards the EAGF to the operational programmes approved under Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        Article 13 of that Regulation shall continue to apply for ongoing recoveries launched under Article 54 of Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013.
                     
                  
         
            Article 41
            Entry into force and application
            This Regulation shall enter into force on the 7th day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
            It shall apply from 1 January 2023.
            However, Article 39 shall apply from the date of entry into force of this Regulation.
         
         
            This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
            Done at Brussels, 7 December 2021.
            
               
                  For the Commission
               
               
                  The President
               
               Ursula VON DER LEYEN
            
         
         
            (1)  OJ L 435, 6.12.2021, p. 187.
         
            (2)  Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 907/2014 of 11 March 2014 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to paying agencies and other bodies, financial management, clearance of accounts, securities and use of euro (OJ L 255, 28.8.2014, p. 18).
         
            (3)  Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 July 2018 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union, amending Regulations (EU) No 1296/2013, (EU) No 1301/2013, (EU) No 1303/2013, (EU) No 1304/2013, (EU) No 1309/2013, (EU) No 1316/2013, (EU) No 223/2014, (EU) No 283/2014, and Decision No 541/2014/EU and repealing Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 (OJ L 193, 30.7.2018, p. 1).
         
            (4)  Regulation (EU) 2021/2115 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 2 December 2021 establishing rules on support for strategic plans to be drawn up by Member States under the common agricultural policy (CAP Strategic Plans) and financed by the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) and by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Regulations (EU) No 1305/2013 and (EU) No 1307/2013 (OJ L 435, 6.12.2021, p. 1).
         
            (5)  Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 on support for rural development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005 (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 487).
         
            (6)  Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 establishing a common organisation of the markets in agricultural products and repealing Council Regulations (EEC) No 922/72, (EEC) No 234/79, (EC) No 1037/2001 and (EC) No 1234/2007 (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 671).
         
            (7)  Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 on the financing, management and monitoring of the common agricultural policy and repealing Council Regulations (EEC) No 352/78, (EC) No 165/94, (EC) No 2799/98, (EC) No 814/2000, (EC) No 1290/2005 and (EC) No 485/2008 (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 549).
         
            (8)  Regulation (EU) No 228/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 March 2013 laying down specific measures for agriculture in the outermost regions of the Union and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 247/2006 (OJ L 78, 20.3.2013, p. 23).
         
            (9)  Regulation (EU) No 229/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 March 2013 laying down specific measures for agriculture in favour of the smaller Aegean islands and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 1405/2006 (OJ L 78, 20.3.2013, p. 41).
         
            (10)  Regulation (EU) No 1144/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on information provision and promotion measures concerning agricultural products implemented in the internal market and in third countries and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 3/2008 (OJ L 317, 4.11.2014, p. 56).
         
            (11)  Regulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 October 2013 laying down the Union Customs Code (OJ L 269, 10.10.2013, p. 1).
         
            (12)  Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 906/2014 of 11 March 2014 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to public intervention expenditure (OJ L 255, 28.8.2014, p. 1).
      
      
         
            ANNEX I
            
               Accreditation criteria for paying agencies referred to in Article 1(2)
            
            1.   INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
            
            (A)   Organisational structure
            
            The paying agency’s organisational structure shall allow it to execute the following main functions in respect of EAGF and EAFRD expenditure:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        authorisation and control of payments to establish that the amount to be paid to a beneficiary is in conformity with Union rules, which shall include, in particular, administrative and on-the-spot controls;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        execution of payments of the authorised amount to beneficiaries (or their assignees) or, in the case of rural development, the Union co-financing part;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        accounting to record all payments in the paying agency’s separate accounts for EAGF and EAFRD expenditure, in the form of an information system, and the preparation of periodic summaries of expenditure, including the monthly (for the EAGF), quarterly (for the EAFRD) and annual declarations to the Commission. The paying agency’s accounts shall also record the assets financed by the EAGF and the EAFRD, in particular concerning intervention stocks, uncleared advances, securities and debtors;
                     
                  
                        (iv)
                     
                     
                        as regards types of intervention referred to in Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, the paying agency’s organisational structure shall also ensure the execution of the performance reporting on output indicators for the purposes of the annual performance clearance referred to in Article 54 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 and the performance reporting on result indicators for the multiannual performance monitoring referred to in Article 134 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, demonstrating that Article 37 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 is complied with.
                     
                  The paying agency’s organisational structure shall provide for clear assignment of authority and responsibility at all operational levels and for separation of the functions referred to in the first paragraph, points (i), (ii) and (iii), the responsibilities of which shall be defined in an organisational chart that includes the reporting lines. It shall include the technical services and the internal audit service referred to in point 4.
            (B)   Human-resource standard
            
            The paying agency shall demonstrate a commitment to integrity and ethical values. All management levels shall respect integrity and ethical values in their instructions, actions and behaviour. The integrity and ethical values shall be set out in standards of conduct and understood at all levels of the organisation, as well as by outsourced service providers and beneficiaries. Processes shall be in place to assess whether individuals and entities are aligned with the standards of conduct and to address deviations in a timely manner. The paying agency shall also demonstrate a commitment to attract, develop, and retain competent individuals in alignment with its objectives.
            In particular, the agency shall ensure that:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        appropriate human resources are allocated to carry out operations and existence of appropriate technical skills as required at different operational levels;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        the division of duties is such that no official has responsibility for more than one of the responsibilities for authorising, paying or accounting of sums charged to the EAGF or to the EAFRD, and no official performs any of those tasks without supervision;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        the responsibilities of each official are defined in a written job description, including the setting of financial limits to his/her authority. The latter may be defined in the system;
                     
                  
                        (iv)
                     
                     
                        staff training is appropriate at all operational levels, including fraud awareness, and there is a policy for rotating staff in sensitive positions, or alternatively for increased supervision;
                     
                  
                        (v)
                     
                     
                        appropriate measures are taken to avoid and detect a possible risk of conflict of interests within the meaning of Article 61 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 as regards implementing paying agency’s functions vis-a-vis people with influence and sensitive positions inside and outside the paying agency. Where there is a risk of a conflict of interests, measures shall be in place to ensure that that Article is applied.
                     
                  (C)   Risk assessment
            
            The paying agency shall ensure:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        the identification of objectives of the paying agency to enable the identification and assessment of risks relating to those objectives;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        the identification of the risks, including potential irregularities or fraud, to the achievement of its objectives and the analysis of those risks as a basis for determining how the risk should be managed;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        as regards the risk of potential fraud, an anti-fraud strategy, which shall include measures to counter fraud and any illegal activities affecting the financial interests of the Union. These measures shall include the prevention and detection of, and conditions for investigating fraud; and reparation and deterrence measures, with proportionate and dissuasive sanctions;
                     
                  
                        (iv)
                     
                     
                        the implementation of measures to prevent and mitigate the risks;
                     
                  
                        (v)
                     
                     
                        the identification and assessment of changes that could significantly impact the internal control system;
                     
                  
                        (vi)
                     
                     
                        the regular review of the risk assessment and of the measures put in place to prevent or mitigate the identified risks.
                     
                  (D)   Delegation
            
            
                     
                        (D.1)
                     
                     
                        If the paying agency delegates any of its tasks to another body in accordance with Article 9(1) of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 the following conditions shall be fulfilled:
                        
                                    (i)
                                 
                                 
                                    a written agreement must be concluded between the paying agency and that body specifying, apart from the delegated tasks, the nature of the information and the supporting documents to be submitted to the paying agency and the time limit within which they must be submitted. The agreement must enable the paying agency to comply with the accreditation criteria;
                                 
                              
                                    (ii)
                                 
                                 
                                    the paying agency shall in all cases remain responsible for the efficient management of the funds concerned. It remains fully responsible for the legality and regularity of the underlying transactions, including protecting the Union’s financial interest, as well as for declaring the corresponding expenditure to the Commission and for preparing the accounts accordingly;
                                 
                              
                                    (iii)
                                 
                                 
                                    the responsibilities and obligations of the other body, notably concerning the control and verification of the compliance with Union rules, shall be clearly defined;
                                 
                              
                                    (iv)
                                 
                                 
                                    the paying agency shall ensure that the other body has effective systems for ensuring that it fulfils its tasks in a satisfactory manner;
                                 
                              
                                    (v)
                                 
                                 
                                    the other body shall explicitly confirm to the paying agency that it fulfils its tasks and shall describe the means employed;
                                 
                              
                                    (vi)
                                 
                                 
                                    the paying agency shall regularly review the tasks delegated to confirm that the work performed is of satisfactory standard and that it is in compliance with Union rules.
                                 
                              
                  
                     
                        (D.2)
                     
                     
                        The conditions set out in points (D.1)(i), (ii), (iii) and (v) shall apply mutatis mutandis in the cases where paying agency functions are performed by another body as part of its regular tasks on the basis of national legislation.
                     
                  2.   CONTROL ACTIVITIES
            
            (A)   Procedures for authorising claims
            
            The paying agency shall adopt procedures to comply with the following rules:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        the paying agency shall lay down detailed procedures for the receipt, recording and processing of claims, including a description of all documents and the information system to be used;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        each official responsible for authorisation shall have at his/her disposal a detailed checklist of the verifications to be carried out, and shall attest in the supporting documents of the claim that those checks have been carried out. That attestation may be made by electronic means. There shall be evidence of systematic, such as sample, system or plan based review of the work by a senior staff member;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        a claim shall be authorised for payment only after sufficient checks have been carried out to ensure compliance with Union rules.
                     
                  
                        (iv)
                     
                     
                        the checks shall include those required by the relevant regulation governing the specific measure under which aid is claimed, and those required pursuant to Article 59 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 to prevent and detect fraud and irregularity with particular regard to the risks incurred. For the EAFRD, there shall in addition be procedures for verifying that the conditions for the granting of aid, including contracting, have been respected and that all applicable Union rules, including those fixed in the CAP Strategic Plan, have been complied with;
                     
                  
                        (v)
                     
                     
                        the management of the paying agency shall, at an appropriate level, be informed on a regular and timely basis of the results of administrative and on-the-spot checks carried out, so that the sufficiency of those controls may always be taken into account before a claim is settled;
                     
                  
                        (vi)
                     
                     
                        the work performed shall be detailed in a report accompanying each claim, batch of claims or, if appropriate, in a report covering one marketing year. The report shall be accompanied by an attestation of the eligibility of the approved claims and of the nature, scope and limits of the work done. This may be made by electronic means. In addition, for the EAFRD there shall be an assurance that the criteria for the granting of aid, including contracting, have been respected and that all applicable Union rules, including those fixed in the CAP Strategic Plan, have been complied with. If any physical or administrative checks are not exhaustive, but performed on a sample of claims, the claims selected shall be identified, the sampling method described, the results of all inspections and the measures taken in respect of discrepancies and irregularities reported upon. The supporting documents (in paper or electronic form) shall be sufficient to provide assurance that all the required checks on the eligibility of the authorised claims have been performed;
                     
                  
                        (vii)
                     
                     
                        where documents (in paper or electronic form) relating to the claims authorised and controls made are retained by other bodies, both those bodies and the paying agency shall set up procedures to ensure that those documents or electronic data records are kept and available to the paying agency.
                     
                  (B)   Procedures for payment
            
            The paying agency shall adopt the necessary procedures to ensure that payments are made only to bank accounts belonging either to beneficiaries or to their assignees. The payment shall be made by the paying agency’s bank, or, as appropriate, a governmental payments office, within 5 working days of the date of charge to the EAGF or to the EAFRD. Procedures shall be adopted to ensure that all payments for which transfers are not executed are not declared to the EAGF or to the EAFRD for reimbursement. If such payments have already been declared to the EAGF or to the EAFRD, these should be re-credited to those Funds via the next monthly/quarterly declarations or in the annual accounts at the latest. No payments shall be made in cash. The approval of the authorising official and/or his/her supervisor may be made by electronic means, provided an appropriate level of security over those means is ensured, and the identity of the signatory is entered into the electronic records.
            (C)   Procedures for accounting
            
            The paying agency shall adopt the following procedures:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        accounting procedures shall ensure that monthly (for the EAGF), quarterly (for the EAFRD) and annual declarations are complete, accurate and timely, and that any errors or omissions are detected and corrected, in particular through checks and reconciliations performed at regular intervals;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        the accounting for intervention storage shall ensure that the quantities and associated costs are correctly and promptly processed and recorded per identifiable lot and in the correct account at each stage from the acceptance of an offer to the physical disposal of the product, in compliance with the applicable regulations, and ensure that the quantity and nature of stocks at every location may be determined at any time.
                     
                  (D)   Procedures for the performance reporting
            
            As regards types of intervention referred to in Regulation (EU) 2021/2115, the paying agency shall ensure that an information system is in place to collect, record and store in computerised form data on each claim and operation. In addition, the system shall provide a breakdown of data on all relevant output indicators per intervention to guarantee that the annual performance reporting shows that the expenditure was made in accordance with Article 37 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116, as well as the data for the result indicators, including targets and milestones.
            (E)   Procedures for advances and securities
            
            Procedures shall be adopted to ensure that:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        payments of advances are separately identified in the accounting or subsidiary records;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        guarantees are obtained only from financial institutions which fulfil the conditions of Chapter IV of this Regulation and which are approved by the appropriate authorities and which remain valid until cleared or called upon, on the simple request of the paying agency;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        The advances are cleared within the stipulated time limits and those overdue for clearing are promptly identified and the guarantees promptly called upon.
                     
                  (F)   Procedures for debts
            
            All the criteria provided for in sections (A) to (E) shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to levies, forfeited guarantees, reimbursed payments, assigned revenues etc. which the paying agency is required to collect on behalf of the EAGF and of the EAFRD.
            The paying agency shall set up a system for the recognition of all amounts due and for the recording in a single debtor’s ledger of all such debts prior to their receipt. The debtor’s ledger shall be inspected at regular intervals and action shall be taken to collect debts that are overdue.
            (G)   Audit trail
            
            The information regarding documentary evidence of the authorisation, accounting and payment of claims, performance reporting and handling of advances, securities and debts shall be available in the paying agency to ensure at all times a sufficiently detailed audit trail.
            3.   INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
            
            (A)   Communication
            
            The paying agency shall adopt the necessary procedures to ensure that every change in the Union’s regulations, and in particular the rates of aid applicable, are recorded and the instructions, databases and checklists updated in good time.
            (B)   Information systems security
            
            The information systems security shall be certified in accordance with International Standards Organisation 27001: Information Security management systems – Requirements (ISO).
            Member States may certify, provided it is authorised by the Commission, the information systems security in accordance with other accepted standards if those standards guarantee a level of security at least equivalent to that provided by ISO 27001.
            The first and second paragraphs shall not apply to paying agencies responsible for the management and control of a yearly expenditure not higher than EUR 400 million, if the Member State concerned has informed the Commission of its decision to apply one of the following standards instead:
            
                        —
                     
                     
                        International Standards Organisation 27002: Code of practice for Information Security controls (ISO);
                     
                  
                        —
                     
                     
                        Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik: IT-Grundschutzhandbuch/IT Baseline Protection Manual (BSI);
                     
                  
                        —
                     
                     
                        Information Systems Audit and Control Association: Control objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT).
                     
                  4.   MONITORING
            
            (A)   Ongoing monitoring via internal control activities
            
            The internal control activities shall cover at least the following areas:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        monitoring of the technical services and delegated bodies responsible for carrying out the controls and other functions to ensure a proper implementation of regulations, guidelines and procedures;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        initiating of system changes in order to improve control systems in general;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        reviewing claims and requests submitted to the paying agency as well as other information providing suspicion of irregularities;
                     
                  
                        (iv)
                     
                     
                        monitoring procedures to prevent and detect fraud and irregularity with particular regard to those areas of CAP expenditure under the paying agency’s competence which are exposed to a significant risk of fraud or other serious irregularities.
                     
                  Ongoing monitoring shall be built into the normal, recurring operating activities of the paying agency. At all levels the daily operations and controls activities of the agency shall be monitored on an ongoing basis to ensure a sufficiently detailed audit trail.
            (B)   Separate evaluations via an internal audit service
            
            The paying agency shall adopt procedures to comply with the following rules:
            
                        (i)
                     
                     
                        the internal audit service shall be independent of the paying agency’s other departments and shall report directly to the paying agency’s director;
                     
                  
                        (ii)
                     
                     
                        the internal audit service shall verify that procedures adopted by the agency are adequate to ensure that compliance with Union rules is verified and that the accounts are accurate, complete and timely. Verifications may be limited to selected measures and to samples of transactions provided that an audit plan ensures that all significant areas, including the departments responsible for authorisation, are covered over a period not exceeding 5 years;
                     
                  
                        (iii)
                     
                     
                        the internal audit service’s work shall be performed in accordance with internationally accepted standards, shall be recorded in working papers and shall result in reports and recommendations addressed to the agency’s top management.
                     
                  
      
      
         
            ANNEX II
            
               Accreditation criteria for coordinating bodies referred to in Article 2(3) as regards the compilation of the Annual Performance Report
            
            1.   INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
            
            (A)   Communication
            
            The coordinating body shall adopt the necessary procedures to ensure that every change in the Union’s regulations are recorded and the instructions and databases updated in good time.
            (B)   Information systems security
            
            The information systems security shall be certified in accordance with International Standards Organisation 27001: Information Security management systems – Requirements (ISO).
            Member States may certify, provided it is authorised by the Commission, the information systems security in accordance with other accepted standards if those standards guarantee a level of security at least equivalent to that provided by ISO 27001. When a paying agency acts as a coordinating body, its certification fulfils this condition.
         
      
      
         
            ANNEX III
            
               Obligations of the paying agencies referred to in Article 3(1)
            
            I.   OBLIGATIONS OF THE PAYING AGENCIES
            
            A.   Checks
            
            1.   Frequency and representativeness
            
            Each storage point shall be inspected at least once every year in accordance with the rules set out in part II, to ascertain in particular:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        the procedure for collecting information on public storage;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        whether the accounting data held on the spot by the storer tallies with the information sent to the paying agency;
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        physical presence shall be established by a sufficiently representative physical inspection, covering at least the percentages set out in part II and making it possible to conclude that the entire quantities listed in the stock accounts are actually present.
                     
                  
                        (d)
                     
                     
                        checks on quality shall comprise visual, olfactory and/or organoleptic checks and, if there are any doubts, in-depth analyses.
                     
                  2.   Additional checks
            
            If an anomaly is detected during the physical inspection, a further percentage of the quantities in intervention storage shall be inspected using the same method. If necessary, inspection may extend to weighing all the products in the lot or store being inspected.
            B.   Inspection reports
            
            
                     
                        1.
                     
                     
                        The internal inspection body of the paying agency or the body authorised by the latter shall draw up a report on each of the checks or physical inspections carried out.
                     
                  
                     
                        2.
                     
                     
                        The report shall contain at least the following information:
                        
                                    (a)
                                 
                                 
                                    the name of the storer, the address of the store visited and the description of the lots inspected;
                                 
                              
                                    (b)
                                 
                                 
                                    the date and time when the inspection began and ended;
                                 
                              
                                    (c)
                                 
                                 
                                    the place where the inspection took place and a description of the conditions of storage, packaging and accessibility;
                                 
                              
                                    (d)
                                 
                                 
                                    the full identity of the persons conducting the inspection, their status and the terms of their authorisation;
                                 
                              
                                    (e)
                                 
                                 
                                    the inspection measures undertaken and procedures used to establish volume, such as measuring methods, calculations, interim and final results, and the conclusions drawn;
                                 
                              
                                    (f)
                                 
                                 
                                    for each lot or quality stored, the quantity in the paying agency’s books, the quantity in the store’s books and any discrepancies between the two sets of books;
                                 
                              
                                    (g)
                                 
                                 
                                    for each lot or quality physically inspected, the information referred to in point (f) and the quantity verified on the spot and any discrepancies, the lot or quality number, the pallets, boxes, silos, vats or other receptacles involved and the weight (both net and gross if appropriate) or volume;
                                 
                              
                                    (h)
                                 
                                 
                                    the statements made by the storer where there are discrepancies or differences;
                                 
                              
                                    (i)
                                 
                                 
                                    the place, date and signature of the person drawing up the report and of the storer or representative;
                                 
                              
                                    (j)
                                 
                                 
                                    any extended inspection conducted in the case of anomalies, specifying the percentage of the stored quantities covered by the extended inspection, discrepancies found and explanations given.
                                 
                              
                  
                     
                        3.
                     
                     
                        The reports shall be sent immediately to the head of the department responsible for keeping the accounts of the paying agency.
                        Immediately after receipt of the report, the paying agency’s accounts shall be corrected in the light of the discrepancies and differences detected.
                     
                  
                     
                        4.
                     
                     
                        The reports shall be available to Commission staff and persons authorised by the Commission.
                     
                  
                     
                        5.
                     
                     
                        A summary document shall be drawn up by the paying agency listing:
                        
                                    (a)
                                 
                                 
                                    the checks carried out, clearly indicating which are physical inspections (inventory checks);
                                 
                              
                                    (b)
                                 
                                 
                                    the quantities checked;
                                 
                              
                                    (c)
                                 
                                 
                                    the anomalies detected in relation to the monthly and annual statements, and the reasons for those anomalies.
                                    The quantities checked and the anomalies detected shall be indicated for each product concerned, in terms of weight or volume and as a percentage of the total quantities held.
                                    This summary document shall list separately the checks to verify the quality of the products stored. It shall be sent to the Commission at the same time as the annual accounts referred to in Article 9(3), first subparagraph, point (a), of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
                                 
                              
                  II.   PHYSICAL INSPECTION PROCEDURE BY SECTOR OF THE CAP FOR THE CHECKS PROVIDED FOR IN PART I
            
            A.   Butter
            
            
                     
                        1.
                     
                     
                        The sample of the lots to be checked shall represent at least 5 % of the total quantity in public storage. The lots to be checked shall be selected prior to the visit to the store on the basis of the paying agency’s accounting data, but the storer shall not be informed.
                     
                  
                     
                        2.
                     
                     
                        The presence of the lots selected and their composition shall be verified on the spot by:
                        
                                    (a)
                                 
                                 
                                    identifying the control numbers of the lots and boxes on the basis of purchase or entry notes;
                                 
                              
                                    (b)
                                 
                                 
                                    weighing the pallets (one in 10) and the boxes (one per pallet);
                                 
                              
                                    (c)
                                 
                                 
                                    visually checking the contents of a box (one in five pallets);
                                 
                              
                                    (d)
                                 
                                 
                                    checking the condition of the packaging.
                                 
                              
                  
                     
                        3.
                     
                     
                        A description of the lots physically inspected and any shortcomings noted shall be included in the inspection report.
                     
                  B.   Skimmed-milk powder
            
            
                     
                        1.
                     
                     
                        The sample of the lots to be checked shall represent at least 5 % of the quantity in public storage. The lots to be checked shall be selected prior to the visit to the store on the basis of the paying agency’s accounting data, but the storer shall not be informed.
                     
                  
                     
                        2.
                     
                     
                        The presence of the lots selected and their composition shall be verified on the spot by:
                        
                                    (a)
                                 
                                 
                                    identifying the control numbers of the lots and bags on the basis of purchase or entry notes;
                                 
                              
                                    (b)
                                 
                                 
                                    weighing the pallets (one in 10) and bags (one in 10);
                                 
                              
                                    (c)
                                 
                                 
                                    visually checking the contents of a bag (one in five pallets);
                                 
                              
                                    (d)
                                 
                                 
                                    checking the condition of the packaging.
                                 
                              
                  
                     
                        3.
                     
                     
                        A description of the lots physically inspected and any shortcomings noted shall be included in the inspection report.
                     
                  C.   Cereals and rice
            
            1.   Physical inspection procedure
            The inspection shall be carried out as follows:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        Selection of bins or storerooms to be checked, representing at least 5 % of the total quantity of cereals or rice in public storage.
                        Selection shall be based on the paying agency’s stock records, but the storer shall not be informed.
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        Physical inspection:
                        
                                    (i)
                                 
                                 
                                    verification of the presence of cereals or rice in the selected bins or storerooms,
                                 
                              
                                    (ii)
                                 
                                 
                                    identification of the cereals or rice;
                                 
                              
                                    (iii)
                                 
                                 
                                    inspection of storage conditions and check on the quality of the products stored in the conditions provided for in Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1238 (1);
                                 
                              
                                    (iv)
                                 
                                 
                                    comparison of the place of storage and identity of the cereals or rice with the store’s records;
                                 
                              
                                    (v)
                                 
                                 
                                    evaluation of the quantities stored by a method previously approved by the paying agency, a description of which shall be lodged at its head office.
                                 
                              
                  2.   Procedure where discrepancies are found
            Some tolerance is permitted when verifying the volume.
            The rules laid down in Annex IV, section II, shall thus apply where the weight of the products stored as recorded during the physical inspection differs from the book weight by 5 % or more for cereals and for rice in the case of storage in silos or on-floor storage.
            Where cereals or rice are stored in a warehouse, the quantities weighed on entry into storage may be recorded instead of those resulting from a volume assessment if the latter does not provide an adequate degree of accuracy and provided the difference between the two figures is not excessive.
            The paying agency shall make use of this option where justified by circumstances, on a case-by-case basis and on its own responsibility. It shall indicate that it has done so in its inspection report, based on the following indicative model:
            CEREALS – STOCK INSPECTION
            
                        Product:
                     
                     
                        Storer: Store, silo:
                        Cell number:
                     
                     
                        Date:
                     
                  
                        Lot
                     
                     
                        Quantity stated in stock accounts
                     
                  (a)   Stocks in silo
            
                        Chamber No
                     
                     
                        Volume stated in specification m3 (A)
                     
                     
                        Free volume recorded m3 (B)
                     
                     
                        Volume of stored cereals m3 (A-B)
                     
                     
                        Specific gravity recorded kg/hl = 100
                     
                     
                        Weight of cereals or rice
                     
                  
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                  Total (a): …
            (b)   Stocks in on-floor storage
            
                         
                     
                     
                        Storeroom No
                     
                     
                        Storeroom No
                     
                     
                        Storeroom No
                     
                  
                        Area covered …
                        Height …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                  
                        m2
                        
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        m2
                        
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        m2
                        
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                  
                        …
                     
                     
                        m3
                        
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        m3
                        
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        m3
                        
                     
                  
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                        …
                     
                     
                         
                     
                  
                        … m
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                        … m
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                        … m
                     
                     
                         
                     
                  
                        Corrections …
                     
                     
                        … m3
                        
                     
                     
                        … m3
                        
                     
                     
                        … m3
                        
                     
                  
                        Volume …
                     
                     
                        … m3
                        
                     
                     
                        … m3
                        
                     
                     
                        … m3
                        
                     
                  
                        Specific gravity …
                     
                     
                        … kg/hl
                     
                     
                        … kg/hl
                     
                     
                        … kg/hl
                     
                  
                        Total weight
                     
                     
                        … tonnes
                     
                     
                        … tonnes
                     
                     
                        … tonnes
                     
                  Total (b): …
            Total weight in the store: …
            Difference from book weight: …
            In %: …
            …, [date]
            … (Stamp and signature)
            Paying agency inspector:
            D.   Beef and veal
            
            
                        1.
                     
                     
                        The sample of the lots to be checked shall represent at least 5 % of the total quantity in public storage. The lots to be checked shall be selected prior to the visit to the store on the basis of the paying agency’s accounting data, but the storer shall not be informed.
                     
                  
                        2.
                     
                     
                        On-the-spot verification of the presence of the lots selected and of their composition. Verification shall comprise:
                        
                                    (a)
                                 
                                 
                                    for bone-in meat:
                                    
                                                (i)
                                             
                                             
                                                identification of the lots and verification of the number of pieces;
                                             
                                          
                                                (ii)
                                             
                                             
                                                verification, for each type of cut and/or quality, of the weight of 20 % of the pieces;
                                             
                                          
                                                (iii)
                                             
                                             
                                                visual check on the condition of the packaging.
                                             
                                          
                              
                                    (b)
                                 
                                 
                                    for boned meat:
                                    
                                                (i)
                                             
                                             
                                                identifying the lots and pallets and verifying the number of boxes;
                                             
                                          
                                                (ii)
                                             
                                             
                                                checking the weight of 10 % of the pallets or containers;
                                             
                                          
                                                (iii)
                                             
                                             
                                                checking the weight of 10 % of the boxes from each pallet weighed;
                                             
                                          
                                                (iv)
                                             
                                             
                                                visually checking the contents of the boxes and the condition of the packaging in each box.
                                                The pallets shall be chosen having regard to the different cuts in store.
                                             
                                          
                              
                  
                        3.
                     
                     
                        A description of the lots physically inspected and any shortcomings noted shall be included in the inspection report.
                     
                  
               (1)  Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1238 of 18 May 2016 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to public intervention and aid for private storage (
                  OJ L 206, 30.7.2016, p. 15).
            
         
      
      
         
            ANNEX IV
            
               Obligations and general principles relating to storers’ responsibilities, to be included in storage contracts concluded between paying agencies and storers referred to in Article 3(2)
            
            I.   GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF STORERS
            
            Storers shall be responsible for ensuring that the products covered by Union intervention measures are properly conserved. They shall bear the financial consequences of any failure to do so.
            They shall keep available a plan of the warehouse and the measurements for each silo or storeroom at each storage point.
            The cereals or rice shall be stored in such a way that their volume may be verified.
            II.   QUALITY OF PRODUCTS
            
            Where the quality of intervention products in storage deteriorates as a result of poor or inappropriate storage conditions, the losses shall be borne by the storer and entered in the public storage accounts as a loss resulting from deterioration of the product due to storage conditions.
            III.   MISSING QUANTITIES
            
            
                     
                        1.
                     
                     
                        The storer shall be responsible for all discrepancies between the quantities in store and the details given in the stock statements sent to the paying agency.
                     
                  
                     
                        2.
                     
                     
                        Where the missing quantities exceed those allowed under the relevant tolerance limit(s), in accordance with Article 4, Annex III, part II, section C, point 2, and Annex V, or under sectoral agricultural legislation, the entire amount shall be charged to the storer as an unidentifiable loss. Storers contesting the missing quantities may require the product to be weighed or measured, in which case they shall bear the costs of the operation unless it is found that the quantities declared are actually present or the difference does not exceed the relevant tolerance limit(s), in which case the costs of weighing or measuring shall be charged to the paying agency.
                        The tolerance limits set out in Annex III, part II, section C, point 2, shall apply without prejudice to the other tolerances referred to in the first paragraph of this point.
                     
                  IV.   SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS AND MONTHLY AND ANNUAL DECLARATIONS
            
            1.   Supporting documents and monthly declarations
            
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        The documents relating to the entry, storage and removal of products used to draw up the annual accounts must be in the storer’s possession and contain at least the following information:
                        
                                    (i)
                                 
                                 
                                    place of storage (with identification of the bin or vat where relevant);
                                 
                              
                                    (ii)
                                 
                                 
                                    quantity carried over from the previous month;
                                 
                              
                                    (iii)
                                 
                                 
                                    entries and removals by lot;
                                 
                              
                                    (iv)
                                 
                                 
                                    stock at the end of the period.
                                 
                              
                  These documents shall permit precise identification of the quantities in store at any time, and shall take account of purchases and sales that have been agreed but for which the corresponding entries or removals of stock have not yet occurred.
            
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        The documents relating to the entry, storage and removal of products shall be sent by the storer to the paying agency at least once a month, in support of a summary monthly stock statement. They shall must be in the paying agency’s possession before the tenth day of the month following that to which the stock statement relates.
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        A specimen summary monthly stock statement (indicative model) is set out below. It shall be made available to storers in electronic form by the paying agencies.
                        
                           Monthly stock statement
                        
                        
                                    Products:
                                 
                                 
                                    Storer:
                                    Store: No:
                                    Address:
                                 
                                 
                                    Month:
                                 
                              
                                    Lot
                                 
                                 
                                    Description
                                 
                                 
                                    Quantity (kg, tonnes, boxes, items, etc.)
                                 
                                 
                                    Date
                                 
                                 
                                    Comments
                                 
                              
                                    Entry
                                 
                                 
                                    Exit
                                 
                              
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                    Quantity carried over
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                              
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                    Quantity to be carried over
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                                 
                                     
                                 
                              
                  (Stamp and signature)
            Place and date:
            Name:
            2.   Annual declaration
            
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        The storer shall prepare an annual stock declaration on the basis of the monthly statements described in point 1. It shall be sent to the paying agency no later than the 15 October following the closure of the accounting year.
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        The annual stock declaration shall give a summary of the quantities in store, broken down by product and place of storage, and shall give for each product the quantities in store, the lot numbers (except in the case of cereals), the year of their entry into store and an explanation of any anomalies detected.
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        A specimen summary annual stock declaration (indicative model) is set out below.
                     
                  It shall be made available to storers in electronic form by the paying agencies.
            
               Annual stock statement
            
            
                        Products:
                     
                     
                        Storer:
                        Store: No:
                        Address:
                     
                     
                        Year:
                     
                  
                        Lot
                     
                     
                        Description
                     
                     
                        Quantity and/or weight booked
                     
                     
                        Comments
                     
                  
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                     
                         
                     
                  (Stamp and signature)
            Place and date:
            Name:
            V.   COMPUTERISED STOCK ACCOUNTS AND AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION
            
            Public storage contracts concluded between the paying agency and the storer shall contain provisions which make it possible to guarantee compliance with Union legislation.
            They shall require the following:
            
                        (a)
                     
                     
                        the keeping of computerised intervention stock accounts;
                     
                  
                        (b)
                     
                     
                        direct, immediate availability of a permanent inventory;
                     
                  
                        (c)
                     
                     
                        availability at all times of all the documents relating to the entry, storage and removal of stock and the accounting documents and records drawn up in accordance with this Regulation and held by the storer;
                     
                  
                        (d)
                     
                     
                        permanent access to those documents for staff of the paying agency and the Commission, and for any person duly authorised by them.
                     
                  VI.   FORM AND CONTENT OF THE DOCUMENTS SENT TO THE PAYING AGENCY
            
            The form and content of the documents referred to in section IV shall be established in accordance with Article 92 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116.
            VII.   KEEPING OF DOCUMENTS
            
            Supporting documents relating to all public storage operations shall be kept by the storer for the full period required under the rules adopted based on Article 92 of Regulation (EU) 2021/2116 for the clearance of accounts procedures, without prejudice to the relevant national provisions.
         
      
      
         
            ANNEX V
            
               Tolerance limits referred to in Article 4(2)
            
            
                        1.
                     
                     
                        For quantity losses resulting from normal storage operations carried out in accordance with the rules, the following tolerance limits shall apply for each agricultural product which is the subject of a public storage measure:
                        
                                    (a)
                                 
                                 
                                    cereals 0,2 %;
                                 
                              
                                    (b)
                                 
                                 
                                    paddy rice, maize 0,4 %;
                                 
                              
                                    (c)
                                 
                                 
                                    skimmed-milk powder 0,0 %;
                                 
                              
                                    (d)
                                 
                                 
                                    butter 0,0 %;
                                 
                              
                                    (e)
                                 
                                 
                                    beef and veal 0,6 %.
                                 
                              
                  
                        2.
                     
                     
                        The percentage for allowable losses during boning of beef shall be 32. This percentage shall apply to all quantities boned during the accounting year.
                     
                  
                        3.
                     
                     
                        The tolerance limits referred to in point 1 shall be fixed as a percentage of the actual weight, without packaging, of the quantities entering storage and taken over during the accounting year in question, plus the quantities in storage at the beginning of that year.
                        These tolerances shall apply during the physical stock inspections. They shall be calculated, for each product, on the basis of all the quantities stored by a paying agency.
                        The actual weight at entry and removal shall be the recorded weight minus the standard packaging weight, as laid down in the conditions of entry or, where no such conditions have been laid down, minus the average packaging weight used by the paying agency.
                     
                  
                        4.
                     
                     
                        The tolerance shall not cover losses in terms of number of packages or number of registered pieces.
                     
                  
                        5.
                     
                     
                        Losses arising from theft or other identifiable losses shall not be included in the calculation of tolerance limits provided for in points 1 and 2.