CELEX: 51974PC2255
Language: en
Date: 1975-02-03
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE RELATING TO POLLUTION OF SEA WATER AND FRESH WATER FOR BATHING (QUALITY OBJECTIVES) (submitted to the Council by the Commission)

ARCHIVES HISTORIQUES
DE LA COMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEE DES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM (74) 2255
Vol. 1974/0381
 ---pagebreak--- Disclaimer
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 ---pagebreak--- COMMISSION OF THE EUEOPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                        COM(74)2255 final
                                                        Brussels , 3 February 1975
                PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE RELATING
                TO POLLUTION OF SEA WATER MP FRESH WATER
                    FOR BATHING ( QUALITY OBJECTIVES)
               ( submitted to the Council "by the Commission)
   COM(74) 2255 final
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 2 -                   ENV/148/74-E
EXPLAHATORY MSfclORMTUM                         '  - ■
■wi.»          r. s a * «m jbb«
Introduction
For many years the public authorities have been concerned about the part
played by bathing water , which is polluted by sewage water , in the trans­
mission of infeotious diseases .     This "is not merely a matter of national
concern, it is also of Community interest .        Kater pollution , whether of
the sea or rivers , frequently has international implications .       It may
affect the interests of more than one Member State , either because the
pollution itself moves across national frontiers or because people from
several Member States , especially tourists,' may suffer from the effects of
such pollution in the localities which they visit or frequent .
It is only recently , as a result of the growing interest shown in environ­
mental questions by public opinion, that it has been admitted that bathing
water should In addition satisfy criteria other than those of 'public health ,
such as amenities , aesthetic attraction and the improvement of the quality
of the environment in general .                      . ■>                    ■
The aim of this Directive - which is presented in pursuance of the rEuropean
Communities * jprogracime of action on the . environment - conoerns the e stab– .
lishment , in accordance with certain procedures , by the Member States , of
a set of numerical values corresponding to parameters laying down the mini­
mum quality required of bathing water . • Therapeutic use of water and
bathing in swimming pools are . excluded from this Directive .
 In its declaration of 22 November 1973 on the above-nentioned programme of
action, 'the Council acknowledged that pollution and nuisances should be
effectively combated in order to improve the living conditions of the peoples
 of the Community in accordance with the aims of the Treaty establishing the
European Economic Community .
 The programme of action states more particularly that the Community action
must inclv.de the definition of environmental quality objectives and will .
 consist in laying down a set of reference parameters for the various uses
 and functions of water , and especially for fresh water and sea water for :
 bathing purposes .
 ---pagebreak---                                   -   3  -
It should be noted that "bathing in these two types of water presents
general similarities "because it concerns direct human contact with writer
in an area in which "bathing is tolerated or authorized . However , the , . .
micro-biological and physico-chemical factors differ in such a way that
two different sets of values are presented : one for fi'esh-watcr "bathing
and the other for sea-water "bathing.
EXISTING CONDITIONS AM) RULES COTICERNING THE QUALITY OF BACHING. TjAT.^i ITT
THE EEME5R STATES
An examination of the legal position in the Member States reveals that no
provisions of the same scope and the sane decree of technicality as +hose
contained in the draft directive already exist in the national legislation
In the Netherlands , guiding principles of a general nature for the
evaluation of bathing water quality ( in lakes and the sea ) were iaid down
in 1952 by an ad hoc committee of the TNO (Organization for Applied
Scientific Research ). In its report the TNO Committee recommended quality
criteria for swimming-pool water and for surface water intended for
recreational activities (e.g. , swimming, paddling, cliving and other
activities in which there is direct and prolonged contact with wr.tei ).
A second report on quality réquiroments for bathing water (Gezondheidsraad
Interim rapport inzake de eisen , welke met het oog op de gezondheid vnn
de mens aan oppervlaktewater dienen te worden gesteld. Rijswijk ,
25 juni 1973 ) has been prepared by the Netherlands Health Council. This
report recommends classification of "bathing places in three grades , based
on the result of local inspection and chemical and bacteriological water
analysis .
In Denmark, tho draft law on the Protection of the Environment of
13 June 1973 provides that tho Ministry of tho Environment may lay down a
regulation on hygienic conditions for bathing water and "beaches .
Chapter 2 , Section 4 states the duty to control bathing water on tho
Municipal Councils .
 ---pagebreak---                                                              Ε^/1^3/Τ"~ϊϋ
 ••«/•••                             mm A
In Ireland an Act (Foreshore Act 1933) which provides that no person may
leave in the tidal area (i.e. "below high-water mark) or throw into the
sea adjacent to that area any article , whole or broken, whioh could cause
injury to a person bathing or paddling there .
The prohibition extends to any substance , solid or liquid , which could "be
injurious to such persons .   Without the consent of the Minister of Transport
and Power , nobody may dump material on a foreshore or seashore or at any
place from which it would be blown, washed , or moved ty other natural
causes to a seashore .
In Italy , fecal coliforia limits only are (specified for sea bathing water.
This specification is contained in a circular from the Ministry of Health
addressed to the Provincial Health Inspectorate (Ho. 400.5/79 D.A.C. 67
of 1 June 1971 ).
In the United Kingdom bathing is regulated by the provisions of the Water
Act 1973 , Chapter 37 * This Act provides that each Water Authority shall
take any appropriate measure to ensure that the use of the water and the
beach is in conformity with -recreational use . To this end every water ...
authority must take all equitable and practical measures .
                                 1
In Prance , sea-water bathing is governed by a bye-law based on the law of . .
16 December 1964* This bye–law prohibits the "dumping into the sea of material
of any kinds which may be hrxmful . to public health , fatma, flora and the
development of tourism. As for . fresh-water bathing, this has been dealt . with
in a notification to the Commission (see. Section 3.1 .).,
In view of the legal situation in the member countries and the fact that . the
Treaty has not provided all the necessary powers to achieve its aira-3 in this
field, it is appropriate to invoke together Articles 100 and 235 as the . legal basis
for the draft directive .
 ---pagebreak---                                                                        377/1 4f'/74 -i3
              • ••/«••                         •• 5 •*
     3.  C0!-»TT5 ON THE DIRECTIVE
  3. 1 . General Comments                                            .
         A French draft order setting out , in implementation of the Law of
         16 December 19^4 | tables with the physical , chemical and microbiological
         characteristics of fresh water for bathing was sent to the Commission in
         pursuance of the " information agreement" adopted by the representatives ,
         of the governments of the Member States meeting within the Council on .
         5 March 1573* After receiving this docunent the Commission expressed ■
         its intention of proposing a draft Community directive in this field and
         of gathering together the articles concerning the quality of sea water in
         bathing places . It convened a group of national experts for the purpose
         of assisting in the compilation of the technical data required for the
         preparation of this draft.    This group provided information on the legal .
\        position in the Member States and drew up detailed lists of the ,           .
         characteristics of bathing waters and of the permissible concentration
         levels for the various substances .
  3» 2.  Implementation                                 . .. .                          < .
         The directive concerns only authorized or tolerated , bathing places . Bathing ,
         at unauthorized places is at the bather 's own risk.
  3.3«   Site inspections and local conditions         .■ .                . y \
         The importance of a general inspection of the . environmental . conditions of
         the bathing place must be . stressed. Such an inspection of the upstream 1
         conditions in the case of fresh running waters and of environmental
         conditions in the case of fresh still waters (.lakes) or sea .water must be
         scrupulously carried out or repeated in order to . establish the geographical -
         and topological data, the volume and nature of all pollutants and potentially.,
         pollutant discharges and their effects as a function of their distance
         from the water under consideration.
         Additionally , the- risk of accidental pollution which these discharges may
         cause in the area of the potential hazard must be assessed.
 ---pagebreak---             • ••/«*•                        mm Q mm . .
 3.4.    Sampling and analysis
         It is recommended that the greatest attention be' devoted to the frequent
         sampling of the mere important parameters revealed "by local inspection.
         Routine sampling must he carried out at regular intervals and its
         frequency determined according to the importance of the site and the
         concentration of "bathers using it . Special attention should be paid
         to sites where the concentration of bathers exceeds a mean value
         of 10,000 persons , per linear kilometer of beach and a more intensive
         sampling and analysis programme is proposed in such cases .
         Sampling as above specified is normally carried out at least a fortnight
         before the bathing season opens and during that season.
3*4* 1 * The sampling of microbiological parameters
         The MPET technique (KPN = Most Probable""3Tumber) is generally considered
         an acceptable method for enumerating boliform bacteria in water. It is
         obvious , however , that in view of the low accuracy of this method . and the
         usually fluctuating densities of bacteria present 'in surface water ,
         knowledge of the bacteriological quality of a certain recreational water
         can only be gained by frequent examinations . The microbiological conditions
         at a sampling point may vary considerably in time but it has been found
         that twenty samples , spread over a full recreational season, should be
         examined as a minimum at the onset .
         In subsequent years the frequency of sailing can' be somewhat reduced ,
         provided the general; situation has remained unchanged, but it should be' kept
         in mind . that if less, than ten samples are ; examined it is to be expected
         that the statistical reliability, of the final assessment will be rather
         low.                                                 ;  ~ '
         The choice of location of sampling points will depend on the local
         situation. In principle , samples will bo taken at places where the
         densitt#.. of bathers is highest .
             T
                                                                     ' • • •/• • •
 ---pagebreak---             /• • •                             - 7
        A general rule for the number of sampling points cannot be given ; in
        many instances the capacity of the examining laboratory will be a . ..
        limiting factor#
        In large recreational areas of high population density , the distance
        between the sampling points should be about two kilometres at the most .
3*4* 2. The methods of reference analysis for the parameters in question are , .
        set out in Annexes 1 and 2 . Laboratories which employ other methods ,
        must make sure that the results they obtain are equivalent to those
        given by the reference methods.
 3»5 *  Régional variations
        The hazards to health will be proportional to the time of exposure to the
        water and they vary greatly according to temperature of. the air , .and
        consequently of" the water. The directive therefore prescribes for . -
        sea water - x-jhich is the preferred bathing medium less stringent
        conditions for those " areas where the low prevailing water temperature
         (less than 20°C) limits the tine of bathing, compared with other regions
        where bathhg may continue throughout the day.
 3» 6 . Parameters •'
        The numerical values of the parameters , as set out in Annexes 1 and 2 ,
        enable the characteristics of fresh and sea water used for bathing to
        be defined. The microbiological examinations may be subdivided .into
        three groups according t6 their importance and the frequency of sampling
        laid down in Annexes 1 and 2 , i.e. fundamental , complementary .and    .
        occasiolial tests . All these tests are designed to reveal the presence
        of amounts of sewage or fecal matter in the water , which are in excess
        of those permissible.                '
        Prolonged immersion of the whole body is the principal activity that
        determines the required physical and chemical characteristics of bathing
        water. However, as has been pointed out in the introduction, general
 ---pagebreak--- environmental considerations must also "be taken into account m order to
have consistency "between different quality objectives for the same "body of
water*   For this reason chemical substances which are toxic only through
ingestion (and generally a "bather involuntarily 3wallows a small amount
of water while swimming) are also included in the Annexes as a pollution
index.
The same considerations likewise apply to radioactive emitters
contained in water .
The letters used in Annexes 1 and 2 have the following meanings :
I = The parametric values in Column I are of a mandatory nature . The
Member States must not lay down lass coercive values in their national
rules .  On the other hand , they may lay down more strigent values .
G = The parametric values in Column G are merely given "by wsy of
guidance and must "be considered as guidelines . Hhere a value appears
in "both Column I and Column G , the Member State may fix more stringent values ,
taking G as a basis . If there guidelines are adopted by Member St&tes they '
become binding in the countries which have adopted them.
0 ■ The parametric values designated by the letter 0 allow for certain
departures on account of exceptional meteorological conditions .
Bathing waters are considered to conform to the parametric values shown in
the Annexes if theu satisfy the following conditions :
In the case of the parameters listed in Column I of the Annexes , 95$ of the
samples must be equal to or lower than the values shown , except for the pH.
In the case of dissolved oxygen , a range of values is laid down for fresh
water. In the case of sea water , the oxygon percentage must not exceed the
natural values of sea water measured at a distance of one kilometer from
the coast at hirfi tide .
 ---pagebreak--- In the case of the parameters listed jn Column G of the Annexes , 90%
of the sairolee nrist he equal to or lo.rer than the value laid down ,
except fox the pH and dissolved oxyger., for which a range of values is
supplied.
With regard to the 5$ or 10$ of the samples Which according to the case
do not conform :
(a) the vr„vfcer nrist not diverge by more than 50$ from the maximum value
of- the p -u-aniebers in question , excpet for the microbiological parameters ,
the pH and Jc>3 dissolved oxygen.
b)    successive samples of water taken at a statistically appropriate
frequency Lx.xt not diverge from the parametric values relating to them.
In the CSPG of the G value which does not have corresponding I values ,
the 10$ of cables which do not conform with the maximum values or ranges
shown in il:.e Annexes may be accepted.
This is          trated by the following graphs
 ---pagebreak---                               - 10 -
      A
                                       I + 50 %/0
    Q '
    PSI    I value
                                                      Case for a I value
    s'
   'Si
   +> ;
    © ;
    9'
    &'•
    p. ;
                            95 A> 100 /i of sacrôles
  o                                   I + 50 %
  p»               I value
 rH
  $ I                                                case for a G value for
         G value
 .s i                                                which a I value is also
  fc '
 ■p j
  O .
                                                     specified
  Si i
  p.
                     90 fo 95 %      100 % of sanples
 Q                                                  case for a G value without
 3
H                                                   corresponding I value
 £       G value
 c
•H
•H
 0)
 w
 a
                           90 %       100 % of rample
 ---pagebreak---        • • • /• • •                                   - 11 -
3.7 . Radioactivo paraneters
      The paraneters relating to radioactivity are not included in this list .
      They nust conforn to the provisions in force in the Menber States
      adopted pursuant to the Basic Standards provided for in the Euraton
      Treaty.
  4»  Consultation of the European Parliament and the Econonic and Social
      Μ! ΊΤ-ΪΛ -             ΟΗΜΜΜΗηΜηΜΜΜΜΗΜΜΜΜΙΗΜΜΗΒΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΒΜΜΜΒΜΜΜΜΜΜΜΒΜΜΜΝΜΙΜΜΙΜ
      Co* rrlt - e -a
      – i'.t ■ a.i-ta.' «a »
      The Opinion of the European Parliament is required under the provisions of Art­
      icles loo &235 of the EEC Treaty , and the Econonic and Social Connittee
      should also he consulted .
 ---pagebreak---                                        -  - 12 -
      PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE RELATING TO THE QUAIaTT
                                OP BATHIîIG WATER
  THE COUNCIL OP THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community , and
  in particular Articles 100 and 235 thereof ;
  Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;
  Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament ;
  Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee ;
  Whereas the protection of the environment and public health necessitates the
 reduction of pollution and the safeguarding against subsequent degradation of
  bathing water ;
  Whereas surveillance of bathing water is necessary in order to attain within the
 framework of the common market , the ains of the Community as regards the improve­
 ment of living conditions , the harmonious' development of economic activities
  throughout the Community and continuous and balanced expansion ;
                                                                                  *
  Wherer.n thorc are certain provisions laid down 'by law, regulation or administra­
  tive action   in I-Ienbcr States which directly affect the functioning of the
  oonmon market   but whereas all the neoessary powers are not provided for - in
  the Treaij^;
  Whereas the Programme of Action of the European Communities on the Environment?
provides for the joint determination of - quality objectives laying down the various
  requirements which an environment must satisfy , and in particular the definition
  of parameters for water , including bathing water ;
  Whereas in order to attain these quality objectives the Member States should lay
  down limit values corresponding to certain parameters , aisd whereas bathing waters
  should be made to conform to these values within eight years after the entry into
  force of this Directive ;
  OJ Mo C 112 , 20 December 1973 » P » 1
 ---pagebreak--- Whereas it should be provided, that "bathing water will , on certain conditions ,
he deemed to conform to the relevant parametric values even if a certain per­
 centage of samples taken during the bathing season do not comply with the
 limits specified in the Annexes ; whereas in cases in which the minimum frequency
of such sampling is not specified in this Directive it should so specified be
"by the competent authorities of each Member State )
 Whereas , in order to achieve a certain degree of flexibility in the application
 of this Directive , the Member States should have the power to provide for dero­
 gations ; whereas such derogations must not , however , disregard requirements
 essential to the protection of public health ;
 Whereas technical progress necessitates rapid ©daptation of the technical
 requirements laid down in the Annexes to this Directive ; whereas it is advisable
 in order to facilitate the introduction of the measures required for this pur­
 pose , to lay down a procedure establishing close cooperation between the Member
 States and the Commission within a. Committee for the Adaptation to Technical
 Progress of ri^ectives relating to Water Quality ;
 HAS ADOPTED TELS DIRECTIVE:
 Article 1
 1«   This Directive concerns the quality of bathing wateis, with the exception
      of water for therapeutic use and swimming-pool water .
 2«   For the purposes of this Directive :
      ( a)  "batir.ng waters" mean all running or still water , including sea water ,
            in which the competent authorities of Member State, s authorize or
            tolerate bathing ;
      (b)   "bathing area" means any place where bathing water is found ;
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 14 -
       ( c) "bathing period" means a period commencing two weeks "before the
             opening of and terminating at the end of the "bathing season .   Where
             there is no official opening this period lasts throughout the year .
3.     The opening and the end of the "bathing season referred to above shall be
       determined by the oompetent authorities of each Member State .
Artide 2
1.     For the purposes of thid Directive , bathing waters shall be subdivided
       into sea water and fresh water .     For each of these two types of water
       there shall be different requirements , the physico-chemical and micro­
       biological characteristics of which are set out in Annexes 1 and 2 to
       this Directive , which form an integral part hereof .
2.     Each Member State shall specify , having regard to local geographical
       conditions , the category fresh water or sea water into which brackish
       and mixed waters in its estuaries are to be regarded as falling.
Artide 3
The Member States shall lay down the limit values corresponding to certain
t>arameters for bathing water in the following manner t
                          l
       ( a) in the case of the parametric values shown in column I ( mandatory
             values) of Annexes 1 and 2 , the Member States shall lay down values
             which conform to the limits shown in this column ?
       ( b) -in the case of the parametric values shown in both columns I and
             G , the Member States may lay down values more stringent than the
             I values , basing themselves on the guide values shorn in column
             G;
       ( c) in the case of the parametric values shown solely in column G of
             Annexes 1 and 2 , the Member States may lay down values based on
             those specified in those columns ;
                                                                        • • •/• •
 ---pagebreak---                                          - 15 -
       ( d) whenever possible , the Member States shall apply the G values in
            the case of "bathing waters in which "bathing is authorized or
            tolerated for the first time after the entry into force of this
            Directive ,
                               /
Article 4
The Member States shall take all necessary steps to ensure that within eight
years following the entry into force of this Directive the quality of bathing
water conforms to the limit values laid down in accordance with Article 3 .
Article 5
1.     Bathing water shall be deemed to conform to the mandatory values of the
       relevant parameters if 95$ of the samples of this water taken during the
       bathing period at the same sampling point comply with the limits speci­
       fied in column I of Annexes 1 and 2 .
2.     Bathing water shall be deemed to conform to the guide values of the rele­
       vant parameters if 90 /-' of the samples of this water taken during the
       bathing period at the same sampling point comply with the limits speci­
       fied in column G of Annexes 1 and 2 , irrespective of the values and the
       frequencies of exceeding them specified in the regulations of each Member
       State .
3.     In the case of the 5$ or 10$ of samples which under paragraphs 1 and 2
       above need not conform with the prescribed values :
       ( a) the water must not diverge by more than 50$ from the limit values
            of the parameters in question, except for the microbiological para­
            meters , and those in respect of.pH and dissolved oxygen,
       ( t) consecutive water samples taken at statistically appropriate inter­
            vals must not diverge from the relevant parametrio values .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 16 -
Article 6
1.  Tiie Tlember States shrJl carry out sampling operations at the minimum fre­
    quency laid down in Annexes 1 and 2 . When the minimum sampling frequency
    is not specified in the Annexes to this Directive it shall "be determined
    by the competent authority of each Member State according to the size
 1        of the bathing area , the number of persons using it and the pre­
    vailing water température » '
    The number of persons - expressed as the mean density of bathers per kilo­
    metre of beach or ether waterside in the bathing area - and the prevailing
    water temperature shall be determined on the basis of the average monthly
    values for the previous three years . For this purpose account shall be
    taken of. the summer month in'which the highest water temperature and the
    greatest number of bathers were recorded .
2 . The parameters shown under the title0^pollution index" in Annexes 1 and 2
    shall be verified by the competent authority when a sanitary inspection
    carried out in the region in which a bathing area is located reveals that
    there is discharge or suspected discharge of these substances .
3.  Samples shall be taken in the bathing area when the density of bathers
    is at a maximum , and preferably at a dopth of 30 centimetres below the
    surface of the water .
4.  Local investigation of the conditions prevailing upstream in the case of
    fresh running water and of the ambient conditions in the case of fresh still
    water and sea water shall be carried out scrupulously and repeated perio­
    dically in order to obtain geographical and topological data and to deter­
    mine the volume and nature of all pollutant and potentially pollutant
    discharges and their effects as a function of the distance from the
    bathing area.
                                                                   /
 ---pagebreak---                                            - 17 -
  5,         The methods of reference analysis for the parameters considered are set
             out in Annexes 1 and 2 . Laboratories vhich employ other methods shall
             satisfy themselves that the results obtained are equivalent to those '
             given "by the reference methods .
■
 Article 7
       » wi ■ m »
  In no case may the implementation of measures ta2:en pursuant to this Directive
 result directly or indirectly in greater deterioration of the existing quality
  of "bathing water .
 Article 8-
  In the following cases derogations from the provisions of this Directive shall
 "be permitted j
  ( a)       in the oase of floods or other natural disasters*
  (*)        in the case of certain parameters market ( o ) in Annexes 1 and 2 , where
             exceptional meteorological conditions occur;
  ( c)       when bathing water undergoes natural enrichment with certain substances
             exceeding the limits laid down in accordance with the provisions , of
             Article 3 .
  Natural enrichment means the process whereby , without human intervention, a
  given body of water - receives from the soil certain substances contained therein.
  In no case shall any derogation pursuant to this Article disregard the require­
  ments essential to the protection of public health.
  Where a Member State avails itself of its power of derogation it shall forthwith
  so inform the Commission, stating " the reasons therefor and the period during
  which the derogation is to apply .              ,
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 18 -
Article 9
Such amendments as are needed to adapt the Annexes to this Directive to tech­
nical progress shall "be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in
Article 11 .
Article 10
1.     There is hereby set up a Committee for the Adaptation to Technical
       Progress of Directives relating to Water Quality ( hereinafter called
       the " Committee"). It shall consist of representatives of the Member
       States , with a representative of the Commission as Chairman.
2.     The Committee shall draw up its own rules of procedure .
Article 11
1.     Where reference is made to the procedure laid down in this Article , the
       Chairman shall refer the matter to the Committee , either on his own
       initiative or at the request of the representative of a Member State .
2.     The representative of the Commission shall submit to the Committee a
       draft of the measures to "be taken .   The Committee shall deliver its
       opinion on the draft within a time limit set "by the Chairman having
       regard to the urgency of the matter concerned .    It shall act "by a
       majority of 41 votes , the votes of the Member States being weighted
       as provided in Article 148(2) of the Treaty.     The Chairman shall not
       vote .
3.     ( a) The Commission shall adopt the measures envisaged where they are
             in accordance with the opinion of the Committee .
       ( b) Where the measures envisaged are not in accordance with the opinion of
             the Committee or if no opinion is adopted, the Commission shall without
 ---pagebreak---           delay forward to the Counci ■ a proposal relating to the measures to
          be taken# The Council shall act by a qualified majority .
    ( c ) If, upon the expiry of three months from the date on which the proposal
          was forwarded to the Council , the latter has not acted , the proposed
          measures shall be adopted by the Commission#
Article 12
1.  Member States shall put into force the laws , regulations and administrative
    provisions needed in order to comply with this Directive and its Annexes
    within two years of its notification and shall forthwith inform the
    Commission thereof *
2.  Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main
    provisions of national law which they adopt iri the field covered by this
    Directive .
Article 13
This Directive is addressed to the Member States .
                                              Done at
 ---pagebreak---                                                              Arase i
                                RIDQUIRED QUALITY 0? SEA WATER IM^TDED FOR mTKIFG \
                                                                                                   (Art . 6(1 )) I                      T
 .. , PARAMETERS      UNITS
                                   MAMER
                                      0F   . , ...
                                                                  MLTH0D5 0P
                                                              AMLYSIS. (Art . 6 ( 5))
                                                                                                MINIMOII SMPLÍNG j WATER
                                                                                                   frequency1''      TFKP .
                                                                                                                                  G       zA
                                  EXPRESSION                                                        <"io ooo> .       °C    L   -
iTicrobiolorâCcl !
Total coliforir.s  per 100 ml total coliforms      1.     Fermentation in multiple tubes *           B        A               2 000 10 000
                               per 100 ml                 Subculturing'of the positive
                                                          tubes on a confirmation mediums
Pecai CQlifçrms    por 100 cil focal coliforiiis          Count according to II .P . N.              B   ■    A      > 20         500    2 00C
                               per 100 ml                 ( most probable number ) '                 B'       A       * 20        500    5 ooo
          1 '       )                              2.     Membrane filtration and culture
                                                          on fin appropriate medium suoh                           i
                                                                                                                   l
                                                          as Torgitol lactose agar ,                             • I
                                                          endo agar , 0.4$ Tecpol broth ,
                                                          Guboulturing and. identification
                                                          of the suspoct colonies .
                                                   In the case of 1 . and 2 . the
                      v                                                                                                       ;        i
                                                   incubation temperature is variable                                         i       i
                                                   according to whether total or fecal
                                                   coliforms arc investigated ;
                                                                                                           n
Focal streptococci per 100 ml fecal                1.     Latsry   p.ethod . Count according         D        C                   100    1 000
                               strcptocooci           ... to K.P.^r, (most probable number ).
                               per 100 ml
                                                   2.     Filtration on membrane .      Culture
                                                          on coi appropriato medium .. .
                                                                                                            i
                                                                                                            i
                                                                                                                                                /
                                                                                                                                              /
                                                                                                                                            /
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                 mm. i
                                                                                                               ( Art . '6.1 J
                                      I'IAIOTER                     METHODS OF                          MINIMUM SAMPLING WATER
                                                                                                                                             G             I
 PARAMETSRS I
                l
                     UMTS                 OP                 ANALïSIS (Art . 6.5 ) .                    •. . FREQUIjlNCY '        YEMP .
                I         : .     EXPRESSION                                                                    <10 000 >
                1
Salmonella      I per litre       Salmonella    [ Concentration by membrane filtration.                                                                ; 0 ( 3)
                                                | Inoculatioh on a standard medium.
                1
                I    •            per litre
                I                               | Enrichment – Bubculturing on isolating
                                                [ agar - identification.
Virus os          PFtTper                           Concentration by filtration ,                                                                         0 ( â)
                  10 1                              flocculation or centrifugibg and
                                                ; confirmation               ■                   -                                       1
Ph^sico-                        I •
                                                  Electrometry with calibration at                            B            A                             6-9
                                l           v
cheinîcal                                       : pH 7 &ad 9 » "
pH                   PH ,         "       pH    i '           "
                                                                                                      I
                                                                                                                                               '                   T
Colour                                          1 Visual or photometric inspection with
                                                i standards on the Pt Co scale
                                                1                               _                  .
                                                                                                      j - B*
                                                                                                     I1  ■  -
                                                                                                                        -  A
                                                                                                                                i
                                                                                                                                         p        No visible change
                                                                                                                                                  in colour ( 0)
                                                I
Minerai                                         I Visual inspection                                           B         »  A                      No film visible
oils              Bg/ 1   ;                     ! by extraction using an adequate                             B            A                      on the surface
                                                j weighed volume of the dry residue                                                            i of , the water
                                                t
                                                I
                                                1               :
                                                                  -
                                                                                      - ■ - -                        j1
                                                                                                                                               ! <0.3         '
Surface*- - •                                      Visual inspection-                                      -B      -       A -                    Ho lacting foani
active
                                            J
substances
reading                           Sodium
with methy­
lene blue
                  m $/\ .
                              1
                                  lauryl
                                  sulphate
                                                  Absorption spectrophotometry with
                                                  methylene " blue
                                                                                                              B
                                                                                                                      |    A'            I
                                                                                                                                         I
                                                                                                                                         )
                                                                                                                                           '   ι·
                                                                                                                                               ι    ^
                                                                                                                                                         0,3
                                                                                                                      t                  t
Phénol        I   mg/l        !                     Verification of the absence of' odour                     B            A                      No unpleasant
indices                                             due to phenol                                                                                 odour
                                    C,Hc0H          Absorption spectrophotometry                              B            A
                                     6 5            4-aniinoant ipyrine ' t'4'«*A.A".P > ; method                              i
 ---pagebreak---                                                                    AMEX I
                                      I            I                              ( Art . 6,1 )
                                      j MAM3R OPj            MjUTHOD OP         MINIMUM   SAMPflITG
         PARAMETRES            UÏTCTSj UXPRZSSIOftl         ■ A1TALYGI3           FREQUICIICY^                G           I
                                      i            I        (Art . 6.3.)         O-0 OCL0>_
 T<%rry residues                                       Visual inspection             B      A         No visible tarry
                                                                                                      residues on the
                                                                                                      foreshore .
                                                                                                                       I*
                                                                                                    I
Floating materials such                                Visual -. inspection          B      A         No floating
 ?s wood , plastic articles ,                                                                         materials
"bottles , containers of
 glass , plastic , rubber or
any other substance
Pollution index ;    The conccentrât 3.on of As , (3d , Cr*' , Pb , Hg, ON pollutants and pest j.cides must not exceed. the
                     natural values of sea wat «sr measured at 1 km from the coast at higti tide .
Pesticides ( parathion,        mg/l                    Extraction with, appropriate solvents
   HCE, dieldrin)                                      and chromatographic determination                    (2)
                              ng/l
Arsonio
Cadmium
Chromiuia .
                              rng/l
                              US/}
                                           As
                                           c>        ^atomic absorption possibly preceded
                                                     )by extraction
                                                                                                            \\\
                              mg/l
Lead
Mercury
Cyanidcs
                              mg/l
                              ng/l
                                            Pb
                                          ■HC.       )
                                                       Absorption spectrophotometry using a
                                                       specific reagent
                                                                                                            ii!
Transparency                    m                      Secchi's dise
Dissolvcd ojygen                i°                     Wirikler»s method
                                                       Electrouetric method ( oxygen motor )
Nitrates                      mg/1                     Absorption spectrophotometry using a                 ( 3)
Phosphates
                              ng/l j               I specific reagent
                                                   I Absorption
                                                   I
                                                   |
                                                                     spectrophotometry using ?«
                                                       specific reagent
                                                                                                            ( 3)
 ---pagebreak---   (^Exceeding of limits provided for in cases of exceptional geographical or meteorological conditions .
..^Minimum sampling frequency for an '            A: weekly          C : monthly          E: annually
       average concentration of bathers more        ■ „  . . ,
       or less than 10 000 persons per linear km Bl f^^tly           Ds six-monthly
       ( see Art . 6.1 ).
(?
' u /I       t _ j «   1  1       i  il. .
    Concentration to be checked "by the competent local authorities of each Member State when a sanitary
    inspection in the . area of establishment of the bathing beach reveals its presence .
  ^These parameters must be checked by the competent authorities of each Member State when there is a tendency
   towards the entrophication of the. water .
 ---pagebreak---                                                          ABHEX II
                                                                                          - «
                                REQUIRED QUALITY OP FRESH WATER INTENDED FOR BATHING
                                                                                               ( Art . 6.1 )
                                                                                                 MINIMUM
    PARAMETERS         UÎTITS
                               LMAMEROF
                                 IMPRESSION
                                                    METHODS OP AIÏALYSIS (Art . 6.5)          • SAMPLI11G
                                                                                              ..i^EQUENCY1
                                                                                                 < 10 000 >
Hi ero biologi cai:             Total Col .
Total coliforms     per 100 ml  per 100 ml   1 . Fermentation in multiple tubes .                          3 10 000
                                tecal Col .       Subculturing of the positive tubes
Pecal coliforms     per 100 ml                    on a confirmation medium .    Count
                                per 100 ml                                                                 B  2 000
                                                  according to I-I.P.E. (most probable
                                                  number)                          .
                                             2.    J<!enbrane filtration and culture on
                                                  an appropriate medium such as Tergitd
                                                  lactose agar , endo agar , 0.4% Tsepol
                                                  broth, sutcirlturiftg and 'idontifidaiiah
                                                  of "tho su3poct Colonies .
                                             In the case of 1 . and 2 . the incubation
                                             temperature is variable according to
                                             whether total or fecal cqliforms are
                                             investigated .
 ?ecal                           Fecal
 streptococci        per 100 ml Streptococci 1 .. Lit sky method . Count according to                           200
                                 per 100 ml       M.P.N, .(.most probable .number.) . . . ...
                                             2 . Filtration ,on membrane .    Culture. ,. on
                                                  an appropriate medium .
V
   \
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                  " t/
                                                           AKHEX II
                                  REQUIRED QUALITY OP FRESH WATER INTENDED FOR BATHING
                                                                                             (Art. 6.1 )
                                     MAN1ŒR                                                    iairàuUi.'i
      PARAMETERS       UNITS            0F             METHGD OF ANALYSIS ( Art . 6. 5)       SAMPLES )
                                    EXPRESSION                                                FREQUENCY
                                                                                             C"io ooo>
   Salmonella        per litre      Salmonella  Concentration "by membrane filtration.
                                    per litre   Inoculation on a standard medium .
                                                Enrichment-subculturing on isolating
                                                agar « identification .
  Viruses            PFU per 101                Concentration "by filtration,
                                                flocculation or centrifuging and
                                                confirmation .
  ^ulphite-          per 20 ml .                After heating the sample to 80° ,
  reducing                                      counting of the spores "by
  :elôstridium                                  - eeeding in a standard medrura
                                                - membrane filtration
                                                - distribution into tubes of " DJl.C.M. "
                                                   (differential reinforced clostridial
                                                   medium). Count according to M.P.N,
                                                   (most probable number) .
   Physico-chgnical
                                                Electrometry with calibration at               C          B.        6 - 9(0)
   pïï                 pH               PH
                                                                                                      t' - v
                                                                                                      i
   Colour                                       Visual, or photometric inspection with                   B
                                                                                                                            'i
                                                standards on the Pt to scale                                     |! cha.^-3
                                                                                                                    coloim
                                                                                                                             irj
   Suspended mat ter   mg/l             S. M.   Suspon;"ert oa+torj Jctvtbod of Analysis                     25
                                                to                         os* corrk^^oacsF-
                                                tio *.»        afto? drTii ?: at 105a 0.
, TrriKopai-sncy       m                        Softorîi's diso                                           B  1.5     10 )
                                 i dise
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                AEftEX II
                                           KRQUIKSI) QUALITï OF FRE3ÏÏ ÏÏATER ÏNTEÏÏDEI) FOR BATITITIG
                                                           –^
                                                                  "                           ;           .                 j .(Art .- 6.1 )
                                                                           I ETIIOD'OP -AHALYSIS (Art * 6.5 ) J
                                               KAÏÏIER                                                                         ■ MHJIKUH
        PARAI IDÏERS     ; UÎTITS                   OP                                                                            samplujg       ; . g ;                             1
                                              EXPRES3I0II                                                                      ? FR33QUEHCY      1      /   *
                          *                                                                                                  I < 10 000 >
                                                                             -   -     ------   - - - - - - -          - - -i
     Dissolv®d ttrygen
                           : Saturaticn                             Winkler's methöd                                               C      B       '80-12 0 ■ 50 - 150
                                                :        2
                                                                     electrometric method ( oxygen meter)
                               rag/l     j;                       • absorption spectrophotometer • r                '                             ; ' 1
     Aiamoma                                       mA                                                                                             r
                           t             I
                                                                  : Hessler 's . reagent                        . ~                                                          r
                                                                  I indo-ohenol "blue method                                                 I
                                                                                                                                             I
r 1Cje ldaM ' nitro gea   " nig/l          . • "    îl '
                                                            ,   j
                                                              ' I    Xjeldâhl Yiéthod                         ~              |        j           Ii          i
                                                                                                                                                                2
                                                                                                                                                                  1 m in i
                                                                                                                                                                             -
                                                                                                                                                                             ;
                                                                                                                                                                                       - i
                                                                                                                                                                                           I
  : Mineral oils                                                  ' Visual inspection                                                                                        ; no film
                                                                                                                                                                              < visible
                                                                                                                                                                              ; 011 tlie
                                                                                                                                r                                             • surface
                            1                                                                                                                      1                       {
                                                                                                                                                                                  of the
                            i                                                                                                                         . .              ^ |
                                                                                                                                                                              ; water
                         v mg/l                                      "by extraction using an adequate
                                                                    •weighed -volume of the dry residue                  • •                              .                I      •f-0.3
                                                                                                                                                 -                         1
f Snrface-ac«ve              i                                       Visual inspection                                          ,
                                                                                                                                »
                                                                                                                                   C     B
                                                                                                                                                                               >
                                                                                                                                                                                  no
I; substances                                                                                                                                                                   ; lasting
     reacting with
                             1
                                                                                                                                                    v
                                                                                                                                                                               \ foam
                                              Sodium
   " methylene blue
                        . --rag/l    ■ •      lauryl.               -absorption ..spectrophotometry with              - -
                                              sulphate               methylene blue                                                C     B              n< 0.2                      < 0.3
                                                                                                                                                 L ,. .......
                                                                                                                                       i               no unp .Leasant
     Phénol indices                                                  Vérification of . the absence of colour
                                                                     due to phénol -                                                                                 od<>ur
                               mg/l           C ,H_0H
                                                  o 5                Absorption spectrophotometry                                      I
                                                                     4 -- aminoantipyrine (4 A. A. P. ) method                                        £0.005                        ^ 0.05
                                                                                                                                               1                           1
 I    !          . .
 ---pagebreak---                                      • ;                    '                   v        v                                                   : .' ! v       "r  :                                   1                      v'v              .              : 5-.     t
                                            '                                   >                       '                      ■r                      \                                            ?                 .                              \ -T        -   ;
                                                                                >                                ... '"AHKîriI
                                                             '        ' REQUIRED' QUALII? OP PHESH- UATER IJ^SHDED POR                                         " <
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .    ....
                                                                                                                                                                            (Art . 6.1 )
                                                                               ' MAIfiER                                                                                  :      MINJKUM
        ;     PARAMBTERS . ,                       UîIITS                          OP                 ;            METHOD OF MALYSIS (Art . 6.5 )                         î SÂKPLIMî $                              -     G                      : ÏJ ■
                                                                              'EXPRESSION                                                                                : FïEQUSïTCr
                                                                                                                                                                         • \ 10 000 Î
                                          4              .
        . i! loating materials                                                                           Visual inspection: •-                   -•      ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                 >
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   • no
      | such as wood ,
      <                     *
                                                                                               1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ïloating
      . plastic articles ,.!                                                                                                                                                                                     mate riais
      ■ bottles 7,                     'iI                                                    1
      ■ containers of                  ;i                                   :                 I                                                                                                                  <                 1
     I glass , Aplastic , ,                                                                   I                                                                                                                                   i
                                                                                                                                                                       '                       t
     grubber or- any                                                                                                                                                                    • ;                  i
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               .   > ... ^   "     i
     f other substance .                                                                                                                                                                                   . i                    !     ?                    '    t
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        " - '    H
I'.' ' 0 "             11  » *1 » i| »/i|h     ■■ t .» ■  .    ■ ■ .. .                                                                                                                                      4                    I
                                                                                                                                                                       : ■         11              ■ " ■ • 1               ■ 1 1 1
  ;? Pollution index                                                                               /      ■  «." •             ;  • -ï • . •
                                                                                                                                                                         ..                   ^                r                       r
   ; Pesticides                                    : mg/l                                           • Extraction- with appropriate solvents                                                                    i
             Jparathion,                                                                           ; and chromatographic - determination                                                    ♦
              HCH, dieldrin)*;            l                                                                                                                                                                           ( 2)
  ; Arsenic                                          ■mrjl ■               . As                                                                                      1
                                                                                                                                                                                           •»
                                                                                                                                                                                            !
  i Cadaiujn-
  •                   VI
                                              • mg/1                            Cd
                                                                          :■ CrVI
                                                                                     '           ;■ ) atonii absorption                                                        !          *                       il)
 ; "Chromium "            1                 """* ®g/*3T                                         ' ). Absorption speptr-pphotometij
          Lead                                      mg/l                  • Pb                                                                                                                                      fil
 « Mercury                                           ®g/l                : Hg                                                                                                                                        (2)
 : Cyanides                                          mg/l              : : en- .                            Absorption spoctro.phot onietry using                                                                     (2)
                                                                                                            a specific reagent                                               • V »  •• * . .
    (( *  4'■ ;:–
               ■- ■ -       –T7                                                        .. .. '              ...... ...                                            •'                                  ,  , I1                    r–
          ^Jxceeding of limits provided for in cases of exceptional geographical -or meteorological-conditions
           Minimum sampling frequency .for an< average' concentration of"bathers A: weekly                                                                                       C : monthly                                    E : annually
     (^iore or less than 10 000 persons per linear Ion (see Art. 6, i)                                                                              B: fortnightly D: six-monthly
           Concentration to^ be checked by the competent authorities of each Member State when a sanitary inspection in
           the area of establishment of the bathing beach reveals its presence .