CELEX: 51992PC0195
Language: en
Date: 1992-05-01
Title: Proposal for a COUNCIL DIRECTIVE amending for the thirteenth time Directive 76/769/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations, and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and preparations

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                 COM(92) 195 final - SYN 414
                                                  Brussels, 1 June 1992
                                Proposal for a
                              COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
 amending for the thirteenth time Directive 76/769/EEC on the approximation
of the laws, regulations, and administrative provisions of the Member States
        relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain
                   dangerous substances and preparations
                        (presented by the Commission)
 ---pagebreak---                                                   - 2 -
                                   EXPLANATORY         MEMORANDUM
I.         INTRODUCTION
In June 1990 the G e r m a n a u t h o r i t i e s n o t i f i e d the C o m m i s s i o n
and       Member          States       of     their      Intention       to      restrict         the
m a r k e t i n g and use of c r e o s o t e and of wood t r e a t e d t h e r e w i t h
so as to protect the health of c o n s u m e r s .                          The C o m m i s s i o n ,
having           examined         the     matter        and    having        considered           the
detailed             opinions       and     observations         of    the       other        Member
States,            gave      notice       to     the    German      authorities             of    Its
Intention of p r o p o s i n g to the Council an a m e n d m e n t to Annex
 I     of       Directive          76/769/EEC          to    provide         for        harmonized
 l i m i t a t i o n s on the m a r k e t i n g and use of c r e o s o t e and wood so
treated.              In this way G e r m a n y w a s r e q u i r e d ,          In a c c o r d a n c e
with A r t . 9 ( 2 ) of D l r . 8 3 / 1 8 9 / E E C , to p o s t p o n e the a d o p t i o n
of its draft m e a s u r e for a period of 1 year from the date of
not i f i cat I o n .
 In p r e p a r i n g its proposal the C o m m i s s i o n d e c i d e d to include
 In a d d i t i o n to c r e o s o t e two further c a t e g o r i e s of s u b s t a n c e s
and       preparations            which       pose     a danger       to      the       health      of
consumers.              Thus     It d e c i d e d to p r o p o s e    l i m i t a t i o n s on the
marketing              to    the    general        public     of    certain           chlorinated
s o l v e n t s , several of w h i c h had been the s u b j e c t of another
notification                from      Germany        in    September         1990.         It   also
decided             In    the    context        of    the    "Europe       against          Cancer"
programme              to p r o p o s e    limitations        on   use      by      the      general
public            of      all    substances           classified        as        carcinogenic,
mutagenic              and    teratogenic          (categories        1 and           2)    and     of
preparations containing these.
The C o m m i s s i o n c o n s i d e r s that this proposal                     is c o n s i s t e n t
with the high level of p r o t e c t i o n r e q u i r e d under the T r e a t y .
The r a t i o n a l e u n d e r l y i n g the C o m m i s s i o n ' s p r o p o s a l      Is g i v e n
be Iow.
 II .        CREOSOTE
22.cJig.r_o.Lmd
C r e o s o t e Is a b y p r o d u c t of the m a n u f a c t u r e of coke from coal
and may also arise from c e r t a i n p r o c e s s i n g of w o o d .                        It has
been a v a i l a b l e        In q u a n t i t y since the Industrial                   Revolution
and In a c o m p o s i t i o n d e p e n d i n g on several f a c t o r s , n o t a b l y
the type of c a r b o n i s a t i o n p r o c e s s by w h i c h              it Is p r o d u c e d
and the c o m p o s Ition and p r o p e r t i e s of the raw m a t e r i a l s from
which it Is derIved .
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 3 -
Creosote has been used traditionally In the treatment of
wood for exterior use, especially            for railway     sleepers,
telegraph     poles and waterway        construction    but  also    for
fencing and general "Do it y o u r s e l f (DIY) applications.        It
Is also used Industrially, for example, in the manufacture
of carbon black.
As might be expected creosotes placed on the market can have
widely different compositions and thus exhibit               different
properties.      Potentially they may cause skin irritation and
cause    harm     when    swallowed.   Furthermore,    all   creosotes
contain aromatic type substances, some of which are known
carcinogens. Ail contain phenols which may pose a threat to
the water compartment of the environment.
The public may come Into contact with creosote and wood
treated therewith In a number of ways. Consumers can buy
creosote and apply It by brush tn DIY applications.                 They
can also buy wood freshly treated with creosote and old
treated wood e.g. old railway sleepers for the same sort of
appI i cat Ions.
The environment may also come Into contact with creosote and
especially with treated wood.           The latter    is used almost
exclusively outdoors where It Is exposed to weathering over
the period of its life.
Given the hazards of creosote and of treated wood and the
 likelehood that man and the environment are likely to be
exposed     to these      hazards   In everyday    situations    It    is
desirable that the use of creosote for wood treatment and
the use of treated wood should be limited so as to minimize
the overall risk to man and the environment.
_ailnlilfiii_fii_c._ftfi_fii_
The family of substances and preparations termed "creosote"
had not previously been defined though certain              Individual
creosote substances had been identified and In some cases
classified according to Directive 67/548/EEC.
Creosote for the purposes of this directive is defined as
any of      the    following   substances   either   alone   or   In a
mixture:
a)     Creosote (CAS Nr 8001-58-9)
b)     Creosote oil (CAS Nr 61789-28-4)
c)     Distillates (coal t a r ) , naptttalene oils (CAS Nr 84650-
       04-4)
d)    Creosote oil, acenaphthene fraction (CAS Nr 90640-84-9)
e)     Distillates (coal t a r ) , upper (CAS Nr 65996-91-0)
 ---pagebreak---                                                     - 4 -
f)        A n t h r a c e n e oil (CAS Nr 9 0 6 4 0 - 8 0 - 5 )
g)        Tar A c i d s , C o a l , C r u d e (CAS Nr 6 5 9 9 6 - 8 5 - 2 )
h)        C r e o s o t e , wood (CAS Nr 8 0 2 1 - 3 9 - 4 )
j)        Low t e m p e r a t u r e     tar o i l , a l k a l i n e e x t r a c t e d         (CAS     Nr
          122384785)
This d e f i n i t i o n          thus c o v e r s any       liquid        by-product           of    the
c a r b o n i s a t i o n of     either coal or w o o d .
ELfi-_-li---fil--L_fi_fil-
Creosote             may       cause      skin         Irritation.          Cases       have        been
reported            especially          among         workers      applying          creosote          or
handling            wood        treated       therewith.        There          have      also       been
r e p o r t s of v a r i o u s c a n c e r s e.g. cancer of the s c r o t u m among
these           same          groups       though         no     definite            cause/effect
r e l a t i o n s h i p has been e s t a b l i s h e d .
The likelihood of a d v e r s e health e f f e c t s has been c o r r e l a t e d
with the p r e s e n c e of c e r t a i n m u l t i - r i n g a r o m a t i c               compounds
In       creosote;             of    these        Benzo-a-pyrene              (BAP),        a      known
carcinogen.                 Is     Invariably           found.      In       the      absence          of
something             better,        it    has       been    provisionally             decided         to
choose           the       concentration             of   BAP     as       Indicator           of     the
potential a d v e r s e health e f f e c t s of c r e o s o t e .
A c c o r d i n g to a v a i l a b l e I n f o r m a t i o n c r e o s o t e s c o n t a i n i n g less
than 50 ppm BAP pose n e g l l b l e danger                            to h e a l t h and          those
with m o r e than 500 ppm present an u n a c c e p t a b l e danger when
used In wood t r e a t m e n t .
C r e o s o t e s may also present a danger to the e n v i r o n m e n t                              due
to their content of water s o l u b l e p h e n o l s .                          The latter may
be washed out of c r e o s o t e treated r a i l w a y s l e e p e r s , p o l e s ,
fences           etc        to     pollute        the     water       compartment              of     the
environment.                 The C o m m i s s i o n    therefore        proposes         that       this
danger should also be c o n t r o l l e d by e s t a b l i s h i n g a limit to
the amount of water e x t r a c t a b l e p h e n o l s a l l o w e d In c r e o s o t e
which Is used Industrially for wood t r e a t m e n t .
£&i&lftnc.ft-fil-&Ub_&limift£
Wood          treatment            chemicals           by    their         very       nature          are
p o t e n t i a l l y d a n g e r o u s to health and the e n v i r o n m e n t .                   Thus
the       use        of      several      of      the     potential          substitutes             e.g.
P e n t a c h l o r o p h e n o I and CCA, has already been limited.                               It Is
very p r o b l e m a t i c         to find s u b s t i t u t e s      for c r e o s o t e        In the
outdoor a p p l i c a t i o n s w h e r e it is m a i n l y u s e d .
Given the d i f f i c u l t y           of finding safer s u b s t i t u t e s and that
creosote             inevitably         will        continue      to      be    produced           as   a
 ---pagebreak---                                                  - 5 -
byproduct             of     the     coke     Industry        the       best     policy          Is    to
c o n t i n u e to a l l o w c r e o s o t e to be u s e d for w o o d t r e a t m e n t but
only under s t r i c t l y c o n t r o l l e d c o n d i t i o n s .
£finc.lu&lfin
It is c o n c l u d e d that c r e o s o t e and w o o d t r e a t e d t h e r e w i t h             can
under c e r t a i n c i r c u m s t a n c e s p o s e d a n g e r s to h u m a n h e a l t h         and
to the e n v i r o n m e n t .          The s t r a t e g y p r o p o s e d t h e r e f o r e Is      the
foI IowIng:
          Creosote with                less than 50 ppm BAP                 and     wood       treated
          t h e r e w i t h s h o u l d not be c o n t r o l l e d .
          C r e o s o t e w i t h from 50 to 5 0 0 ppm s h o u l d be a v a i l a b l e
          only        for     industrial         use      while      use     of     the      wood      so
          t r e a t e d s h o u l d be c o n f i n e d to p r o f e s s i o n a l    applications
          where         there       is    little      chance        of     contact         with       the
          public.           Only old w o o d t r e a t e d m a n y y e a r s b e f o r e may be
          m a d e a v a i l a b l e to c o n s u m e r s and then o n l y for c e r t a i n
          uses.
          The use for w o o d t r e a t m e n t of c r e o s o t e w i t h                m o r e than
          5 0 0 ppm BAP and the use of w o o d so t r e a t e d                           s h o u l d be
          totaI Iy b a n n e d .
          No c r e o s o t e w h i c h Is c o v e r e d by the p r o p o s a l and w h i c h
          c o n t a i n s m o r e than 3% water s o l u b l e p h e n o l s s h o u l d be
          used for wood t r e a t m e n t nor s h o u l d w o o d so t r e a t e d be
          used .
 III.     CHLORINATED            SOLVENTS
&a.c.fc.gxfiimd
C h l o r i n a t e d s o l v e n t s are w i d e l y used          In i n d u s t r y m a i n l y to
clean a r t i c l e s of all s h a p e s , s i z e s and m a t e r i a l s ;                   this is
because            they       are       effective,          cheap        and      non-flammable.
Similar u s e s by c o n s u m e r s but on a much s m a l l e r s c a l e have
been d e v e l o p e d for some such s o l v e n t s .
Many c h l o r i n a t e d s o l v e n t s are d a n g e r o u s w h e n Inhaled or w h e n
swallowed;              some     cause      concern        for m a n       owing      to     possible
c a r c i n o g e n i c e f f e c t s but In respect of w h i c h the a v a i l a b l e
 information               is   not      adequate         for    making        a      satisfactory
assessment .
Given          these         hazards       and     the      potential          for       misuse        of
chemicals              In    the     home     It    Is p r o p o s e d      that      the      use     of
c h l o r i n a t e d s o l v e n t s by c o n s u m e r s s h o u l d be l i m i t e d .
 ---pagebreak---                                                  - 6 -
_Lfl._ft_QL__Q-i_ft_fl.l_aiiO._
Four c r i t e r i a have been used                    In s e l e c t i n g c a n d i d a t e s      for
controls.             First Is their c l a s s i f i c a t i o n , if a n y , w i t h i n the
framework             of       Directive        67/548/EEC;            the        most      dangerous
s o l v e n t s should c l e a r l y be a v o i d e d .            S e c o n d l y , t h e r e Is the
q u e s t i o n of w h e t h e r p a r t i c u l a r s o l v e n t s are p r e s e n t l y used
by      consumers;             dangerous       chemicals          not      presently          used    by
consumers             should         not    be    used      In      the       future.         A   third
criterion             is      the     availability        of       substitutes;             dangerous
c h e m i c a l s w h i c h are p r e s e n t l y used but for w h i c h s u b s t i t u t e s
exist s h o u l d a l s o be a v o i d e d .          F i n a l l y a f o u r t h c r i t e r i o n Is
whether           particular             solvents     are       subject           to   control        by
existing Community                    legislation.
____lan_fta_ft_a_l_ft_
Eleven c h l o r i n a t e d s o l v e n t s w e r e e x a m i n e d In t e r m s of t h e s e
four c r i t e r i a to e s t a b l i s h p r i o r i t i e s for                limiting use by
the       public.           Three        groups    were      identified             which       form   a
h i e r a r c h y for control p u r p o s e s .
_L__D._1
The     following           substances:
C h l o r o f o r m (CAS Nr 6 7 - 6 6 - 3 )
C a r b o n T e t r a c h l o r i d e (CAS Nr 5 6 - 2 3 - 5 )
1,1,2 T r I c h l o r o e t h a n e (CAS Nr 7 9 - 0 0 - 5 )
1,1,2,2 T e t r a c h l o r o e t h a n e (CAS Nr 7 9 - 3 4 - 5 )
1,1,1,2 T e t r a c h l o r o e t h a n e (CAS Nr 6 3 0 - 2 0 - 6 )
P e n t a c h l o r o e t h a n e (CAS Nr 7 6 - 0 1 - 7 )
1,1 D I c h l o r o e t h y l e n e (CAS Nr 7 5 - 3 5 - 4 )
are d a n g e r o u s , being c l a s s e d           " h a r m f u l " or w o r s e , have           no
consumer u s e s or have both of these c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s .                            These
are r e g a r d e d as high p r i o r i t y for control p u r p o s e s .
_£_____
The     following           substance:
1,1,1       Tr I c h l o r o e t h a n e  (CAS  N*   71-55-6)
 is harmful and is used to some extent by c o n s u m e r s .                                     It Is
due to be banned e n t i r e l y by 2005 w i t h i n the f r a m e w o r k of
p r o t e c t i n g the O z o n e layer.            Control of this s u b s t a n c e has
somewhat less p r i o r i t y .
 ---pagebreak---                                                  - 7 -
The     following           substances:
M e t h y l e n e C h l o r i d e (CAS N* 7 5 - 0 9 - 2 ) ,
Tr I c h l o r o e t h y l e n e (CAS N* 7 9 - 0 1 - 6 ) ,
P e r c h l o r o e t h y l e n e (CAS N* 1 2 7 - 1 8 - 4 )
are a l s o harmful and are u s e d to a c o n s i d e r a b l e e x t e n t by
consumers.              However,        substitution          Is p r o b l e m a t i c .      Control
of these s u b s t a n c e s d o e s not seem w a r r a n t e d at p r e s e n t .
____l_alQ_
 It     Is p r o p o s e d        that    that    the use by          the      public         of  the
substances             In G r o u p 1 and of p r e p a r a t i o n s c o n t a i n i n g         them
s h o u l d be b a n n e d on e n t r y into f o r c e of t h i s d i r e c t i v e .
 It is f u r t h e r p r o p o s e d that the s i n g l e s u b s t a n c e in G r o u p 2
viz 1,1,1 T r I c h I o r o e t h a n e and p r e p a r a t i o n s c o n t a i n i n g It be
banned five y e a r s from e n t r y Into f o r c e .
 In the case of G r o u p 3 s u b s t a n c e s the C o m m i s s i o n                 Intends to
carry out a r e v i e w on their c o n t i n u e d use t h r e e                       y e a r s from
ent ry Into force .
 IV.      CMT     SUBSTANCES          AND   PREPARATIONS
The       programme              "Europe     against       Cancer"       has       focused        the
a t t e n t i o n of the C o m m u n i t y on s u b s t a n c e s and               preparations
termed c a r c i n o g e n i c (may c a u s e c a n c e r ) , m u t a g e n i c (may c a u s e
h e r i t a b l e g e n e t i c d a m a g e ) and t e r a t o g e n i c (may c a u s e birth
defects).
A first            Initiative was            to d e v e l o p   a methodology               for   the
c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of       carcinogenic, mutagenic                and       teratogenic
substances.               As a s i m i l a r s y s t e m has b e e n a d o p t e d for each
of the three c a s e s , only the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of c a r c i n o g e n s
will be o u t l i n e d h e r e .
Directive              91/325/EEC          defines       the      three       categories           of
c a r c i n o g e n s viz c a t e g o r i e s 1, 2 and 3 as f o l l o w s :
Category          1
Substances              known       to    be    carcinogenic          to     man.        There     Is
sufficient              evidence         to    establish         a    causal          association
b e t w e e n h u m a n e x p o s u r e to a s u b s t a n c e and the d e v e l o p m e n t of
cancer.
Category          2
Substances            which       should   be   regarded      as   if they       are
 ---pagebreak---                                                        8 -
carcinogenic                 to     man.      There     Is     sufficient           evidence          to
provide           a     strong        presumption         that      human       exposure         to    a
s u b s t a n c e may result In the d e v e l o p m e n t of c a n c e r , g e n e r a l l y
on the bas Is o f :
          a p p r o p r i a t e long-term animal s t u d i e s ,
          other relevant               information.
Category          3
Substances which cause concern                             for    man o w i n g      to    possible
c a r c i n o g e n i c e f f e c t s but In respect              of w h i c h the a v a i l a b l e
Information                Is     not     adequate       for     making         a    satisfactory
assessment.               T h e r e is some e v i d e n c e      from a p p r o p r i a t e animal
s t u d i e s , but this Is i n s u f f i c i e n t to             p l a c e the s u b s t a n c e in
category 2.
Annex            I      to        this       same     directive             establishes              CMT
classifications                 for a first batch of s u b s t a n c e s .
The p r e s e n t         proposal         would establish             a further         procedure
a c c o r d i n g to w h i c h the p l a c i n g on the m a r k e t for use by the
general           public          of    substances        classified           In   Annex         I of
D i r e c t i v e 6 7 / 5 4 8 / E E C as c a r c i n o g e n s of c a t e g o r i e s 1 and 2,
m u t a g e n s of c a t e g o r i e s 1 and 2 and t e r a t o g e n s of c a t e g o r i e s
1 and 2 Is p r o h i b i t e d ;                furthermore         an a u t o m a t i c    ban      for
consumer use will apply to s u b s t a n c e s that may be c l a s s i f i e d
as such            in the          future.       In a d d i t i o n     the    placing       on      the
market           for      use       by    the    general       public         of     preparations
c o n t a i n i n g the same s u b s t a n c e s will a l s o be b a n n e d                   if the
c o n c e n t r a t i o n of such a s u b s t a n c e is a b o v e a c e r t a i n v a l u e ;
the latter may be s p e c i f i e d in the c l a s s i f i c a t i o n of the CMT
s u b s t a n c e ; f a i l i n g this It Is the general v a l u e p r o v i d e d by
Directive 88/379/EEC which applies.
V.        CONFORMITY            WITH     THE   TREATY
As      Is clear              from     sections      II,      III      and     IV    above,         this
proposal            Is Intended to afford a high level of                               protection
for both p e r s o n s and the e n v i r o n m e n t                   and     Is t h e r e f o r e   In
c o n f o r m i t y with A r t i c l e 1 0 0 A ( 3 ) of the T r e a t y .
The proposal d o e s not call for any special p r o v i s i o n s                              of    the
kind r e f e r r e d to In A r t i c l e 8c of the T r e a t y .
VI.       CONSULTATION                OF     THE    EUROPEAN          PARLIAMENT          AND        THE
          E C O N O M I C AND       SOCIAL COMMITTEE
In       compliance              with      Article       100A       of      the     Treaty,          the
cooperation                procedure          with    the      European           Parliament          Is
applicable.               The E c o n o m i c    and Social           Committee        has to be
consuIted.
 ---pagebreak---                                                - * -
                                      ProposaI        for a
                                    _0___C_iL__lRE_IiYE
amending       for     the   thirteenth        time     Directive       76/769/EEC  on  the
approximation            of  the   laws,      regulations         and   administrative
provisions         of    the Member       States      relating       to  restrictions   on
the m a r k e t i n g    and   use   of   certain       dangerous       substances  and
prepar at Ions
THE  COUNCIL         OF   THE   EUROPEAN        COMMUNITIES,
Having     regard        to   the T r e a t y  establishing          the  European
Economic       Community,         and    in p a r t i c u l a r  Article   100a  thereof,
Having     regard        to   the  proposal       from       the   Commission,1
In c o o p e r a t i o n  with    the   European         Parliament,2
Having     regard        to  the o p i n i o n   of   the      Economic   and  Social
CommI 11ee ,3
Whereas      measures        should     be    adopted        for  the   progressive
establishment            of  the   Internal       market        by 31   December  1992;
whereas      the      internal     market       is an     area    without    Internal
frontiers         In w h i c h  the   free     circulation          of  goods,  persons,
services       and     capital     is    guaranteed;
1      OJ    No
2      OJ    No
3      OJ    No
 ---pagebreak---                                             - 10 -
Whereas   work   on   the     internal       market      should      gradually        improve
the  quality   of    life, health          protection        and     consumer       safety;
whereas   the m e a s u r e s  proposed        by    this   Directive         are   in  line
with  the Council        Resolution        of     9 November       1989 on        future
priorities    for   relaunching          consumer        protection          policy;4
Whereas   the  Council        and  the     representatives             of    the
Governments    of   the Member         States, meeting             within       the
Council,    adopted     Decision     90/238 / E u r a t o m ,   ECSC,      EEC     concerning     a
1990-94   action    plan      in the context            of  the     "Europe       against
cancer"   programme;
Whereas   the   substances        which      appear       in A n n e x   I to Council       Directive
67/548/EEC,      as   last     amended       by    Commission        Directive       91/632/EEC,
and  are  classified        as c a r c i n o g e n s  category       1 or     category    2 may    cause
cancer; whereas       to     improve     health       protection        such      substances
and  preparations       containing          them     should    not     be    placed    on  the
market   for  use   by     the general          public;
Whereas   the  substances         which      appear      in  Annex      I to     Directive     67/548/EEC
and  are  classified        as mutagens           category     1 or     category      2 may    cause
heritable    genetic       damage; whereas            to   improve       health
protection    such    substances         and      preparations         containing       them
should   not  be placed        on  the m a r k e t      for  use     by    the    general
pub I Ic;
Whereas   the  substances         which      appear      in  Annex I        to   Directive     67/548/EEC
and  are  classified        as t e r a t o g e n s   category      1 or     category     2 may   cause
birth   defects; whereas          to    improve       health     protection         such
substances    or  preparations           containing         them     should      not   be
placed   on  the market        for   use by        the   general       public;
4     0J  No  C 294, 23.11.1989, p.                  1.
5     0J No L 137, 30.5.1990, p. 31.
6     0J No L 196, 16.8.1967, p. 1.
7     0J  No L 3 3 8 , 1 0 . 1 2 . 1 9 9 1 , p . 2 3 ,   and  0J     No   L 338A,     10.12.1991, p. 2
 ---pagebreak---                                               - r; -
Whereas   Annex   I to   Directive         67/548/EEC           lays   down     individual
concentration     limits     for     such     substances         and,    in  the    absence
of  such  limits.    Table     VI of      Annex    I to       Council      Directive
              8                                                                                  9
88/379/EEC,      as  last    amended        by  Commission          Directive        90/492/EEC,
lays  down   general   concentration            limits        which    apply     to   such
substances    contained      in    preparations;
Whereas   creosote,    as defined           in the      Annex      to   this     Directive,
may  be  damaging    to health         because      of     its c o n t e n t  of    known
carcinogens;     whereas     for     these     reasons        the   use    of    creosote
in wood   treatment    and     the m a r k e t i n g    and     use   of    creosote
treated   wood   should    be     limited;
Whereas   some   of  the   components          of   creosote        are     poorly
degradable    and   deleterious          to o r g a n i s m s    in the     environment;
whereas   these   components         may    enter     the     environment         as a
result   of  the  use  of    treated         wood;
Whereas   some   chlorinated         solvents       present        a danger       to   health
and  should   not   be m a r k e t e d   to the     general        pub I ic    in
substances    and   preparations;
Whereas   the   restrictions         on   the u s e     of     creosote      in   wood
treatment,    on   the m a r k e t i n g  and   use     of     creosote      treated     wood
and  on  the  marketing      and     use of     chlorinated           solvents        laid
down  by  this   Directive        take     into   account         the   current       state
of  knowledge    and  techniques          regarding         safer      alternatives;
8     OJ No L 1 8 7 , 1 6 . 7 . 1 9 8 8 p . 1 4 .
9     OJ No L 2 7 5 , 5 . 1 0 . 1 9 9 0 , p. 3 5 .
 ---pagebreak---                                                      - 12 -
Whereas       limitations           already       adopted      by     certain      Member     States
on    t h e u s e or m a r k e t i n g   of     the s u b s t a n c e s     mentioned      above    or
the     preparations" containing                  them     directly         affect   the
completion          and     functioning         of    the   internal          market;    whereas
it     is t h e r e f o r e  necessary        to a p p r o x i m a t e    the    laws of     the
M e m b e r S t a t e s in t h i s f i e l d a n d c o n s e q u e n t l y a m e n d A n n e x    I
                                                         10
to C o u n c i l D i r e c t i v e 7 6 / 7 6 9 / E E C ,     a s last a m e n d e d by
Directive          91/339/EEC;
                                      11
Whereas              this           Directive          does   not     affect      Community
 legislation           laying     down    minimum        requirements            for t h e
protection           of w o r k e r s , c o n t a i n e d in C o u n c i l D i r e c t i v e
                   12
 89/391/EEC              and in i n d i v i d u a l D i r e c t i v e s b a s e d t h e r e o n ,
                                                                              13
 in p a r t i c u l a r C o u n c i l D i r e c t i v e 9 U / 3 9 4 / E E C ,
HAS      ADOPTED       THIS   DIRECTIVE:
                                             Article 1
Annex       I to D i r e c t i v e    76/769/EEC          is h e r e b y    amended    a s set o u t
 in t h e A n n e x      hereto.
 10         0J No L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 201
 11         0J No L 186, 12.7.1991, p. 64.
 12         0J No L 183, 29.6.1989, p. 1.
 13         0J No L 196, 26.7.1990, p. 1.
 ---pagebreak---                                            )-   13 -
                                        Article        2
1.   Member     States      shall      adopt       and    publish     the     laws,
     regulations        and       administrative             provisions        necessary   to
     comply     with    this      Directive         no    later    than     1 year   after
     the   date     of   its    adoption         and    shall     forthwith       inform  the
     Commission        thereof.          They      shall     apply    these      provisions
     from   /_3 m o n t h s   after      the     date     stated     above?.
2.   Should     Annex     I to      Directive         67/548/EEC        be    amended
     after      notification             of      this       Directive         with
     respect      to   the    substances           and    preparations         referred   to
     in p o i n t s   29, 30 &        31    of   the     Annex    to   this    Directive,
     Member     States      s h a I If b r i n g   into     force    the     laws,
     regulations        and     administrative              provisions        necessary   to
      introduce       the    limitations           provided       for   in    this  Directive
      arising      from    any     amending        Directives        by   the    deadlines
      laid  down      for   implementation               of  such    amending      Directives.
     Member     States      shall      forthwith           inform    the     Commission
     that   the     provisions         referred          to   in  this    paragraph     have
     been   brought        into     force.
3.    When  Member       States       adopt      the     provisions       referred    to  in
      paragraphs       1 and       2, these        shall     contain      a   reference   to
      this   Directive        or    shall       be   accompanied        by    such  reference
      at  the    time    of   their       official        puDlication.          Tne  procedure
      for  such      reference        shall      be   adopted      by   Member     States.
                                        Article         3
This Directive        is a d d r e s s e d    to   the    Member     States.
Done at   Brussels,                                            For   t he   Counc i I
                                                                 The   President
 ---pagebreak---                                    - 14 -
                                                            ANNEX
Annex  I to Directive 76/769/EEC   is hereby amended     as
foI Iows:
Designation of the substance.      Condition of    Restrictions
of the group of   substances
or of the preparation
29. Substances which appear    May not be used      in an
in Annex   I to Directive       individual    concentration
67/548/EEC classified    as     equal   to or greater    than:
carcinogen category   1 or      - either    the concentration
carcinogen category 2 and       specified    in Annex   I to
 labelled at least as "Toxic    Directive 67/548/EEC, or
    H
(T)   with risk phrase R45:     - the concentration      specified
"May cause cancer" or risk      in Point 6 Table VI of Annex I
phrase R49:    "May cause       to Directive     88/379/EEC
cancer by   inhalation".        where no concentration       limit
                                appears    in Annex  I to
                                Directive    67/548/EEC
                                in the substances and
                                preparations placed on the
                                market    for sale to the general
                                pub lie.
                                Without    prejudice  to the
                                 implementation of other
                                Community provisions       relating
                                to the classification,
                                packaging and     labelling of
                                dangerous substances and
                                preparations, the packaging of
                                such substances and
                                preparations must be marked
                                 legibly and    indelibly   as
                                follows:     "Restricted to
                                professional     users"
 ---pagebreak---                                - 15 -
                             By way of derogation, this
                             provision shall not apply to:
                             a) medicinal or veterinary
                             products as defined by
                             Directive 65/65/EEC< 1 4 > , as
                              last amended by Directive
                             89/381/EEC< 15);
                             b) cosmetic products as
                             defined by Directive
                             76/768/EEC< 16), as last
                             amended by Directive
                             89/679/EEC< 17);
                             c) motor fuels which are
                             covered by Directive
                             85/210/EEC<18 ) ;
                             d) waste covered by Directives
                             75/442/EECd° ) and
                             78/319/EEC<20) ;
                             e) substances and preparations
                              listed In Annex I to Dir.
                             76/769/EEC which are not the
                             subject of points 29, 30 & 31
                             of the annex to this Directive
(14) 0J No    22, 9.2.1965, p. 369.
(15) 0J No L 181, 28.6.1989, p. 44.
(16) 0J No L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 169.
(17) 0J No L 398, 30.12.1989, p. 25.
(18) 0J No L  96, 3.4.1985, p. 25.
(19) 0J No L 194, 25.7.1975, p. 39.
(20) 0J No L  84, 31.3.1978, p. 43.
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 16 -
30. Substances which     appear May not be used      in an
in Annex  I to Directive        individual    concentration
67/548/EEC classified     as    equal   to or greater     than:
mutagen category    1 or        - either    the concentration
mutagen category    2 and       specified    in Annex    I to
labelled with risk    phrase    Directive 67/548/EEC,           or
R46:   "May cause   heritable   - the concentration       specified
genet i c damage" .              in Point 6 Table VI of Annex I
                                to Directive     88/379/EEC
                                where no concentration        limit
                                appears    in Annex    I to
                                Directive    67/548/EEC
                                 in the substances and
                                preparations placed on the
                                market   for sale to the general
                                pub lie.
                                Without    prejudice    to the
                                 implementation of other
                                Community    provisions     relating
                                 to the classification,
                                packaging and     labelling of
                                dangerous substances and
                                preparations, the packaging of
                                such substances and
                                preparations must       be marked
                                 legibly and    indelibly    as
                                 foI Iows:
                                 "Restricted   to professional
                                users " .
                                By way of derogation,        this
                                provision shall      not apply    to:
                                 (a) medicinal    or   veterinary
                                products as defined by
                                Directive 65/65/EEC,          . as
                                 last amended by Directive
                                89/381/EEC;
                                 (b) cosmetic products as
 ---pagebreak--- -17-i
defined by    Directive
76/768/EEC ,         as last
amended by Directive
89/679/EEC;
 (c) motor   fuels which    are
covered by    Directive
85/210/EEC;
 (d) waste covered by
Directives 75/442/EEC            and
78/319/EEC;
 (e) substances and
preparations     listed   in Annex I
 to Dir. 76/769/EEC which       are
not   the subject of points 29,
 30 & 31 of the annex      to of
 this  Di rect i ve-
 ---pagebreak---                              - 18 -
31. Substances which  appear    May not be used      in an
in Annex  I to Directive        individual    concentration
67/548/EEC classified   as      equal   to or greater     than:
teratogen category  1 or        - either    the concentration
teratogen category  2 and       specified    in Annex    I to
labelled with risk  phrase      Directive 67/548/EEC            or
R47:   "May cause birth         - the concentration       specified
defects".                        in Point 6 Table VI of Annex I
                                to Directive     88/379/EEC
                                where no concentration        limit
                                appears    in Annex    I to
                                Directive    67/548/EEC
                                 in the substances      and
                                preparations placed on the
                                market   for sale to the general
                                pub lie.
                                Without    prejudice    to the
                                 implementation of other
                                Community    provisions     relating
                                 to the classification,
                                packaging and     labelling of
                                dangerous substances        and
                                preparations, the packaging of
                                such substances and
                                preparations must       be marked
                                 legibly and    indelibly    as
                                 foI Iows:
                                 "Restricted   to professional
                                user s" .
                                By way of derogation,        this
                                provision shall      not  apply   to:
                                 (a) medicinal    or   veterinary
                                 products as defined by
                                 Directive 65/65/EEC,           as
                                 last amended by     Directive
                                89/381/EEC;
                                 (b) cosmetic products as
 ---pagebreak--- - \9 -
 defined by      Directive
 76/768/EEC >         as last
 amended by      Directive
 89/679/EEC;
 (c) motor     fuels which are
 covered by      Directive
 85/210/EEC ;
  (d) waste covered by
 Directives 75/442/EEC           and
 78/319/EEC;
  (e) substances and
 preparations      listed  in Annex I
 to Dir. 76/769/EEC which are
 not   the subject of points 29,
 30 & 31 of the annex       to this
  Direct I v e .
 ---pagebreak---                                - 20 -
32. Substances and Prepa-       32.1. May not be used for wood
    rations, containing               treatment    if they  contain
    one or more of the fol-           a) Benzo-a-Pyrene at a
    lowing     substances             concentration of greater
    a) Creosote                       than 0.005% by mass
       EINECS Nr 232-287-5            or   b) water    extractable
       CAS Nr 8001-58-9               phenols at a concen-
    b) Creosote o i I                 tration of greater
       EINECS Nr 263-047-8            than 3% by mass
       CAS Nr 61789-28-4           or both a) and b)
    c) Distillates (coa I             Furthermore wood so
       t a r ) , napht ha Iene        treated may not be
       oils                           placed on the market
       EINECS Nr 283-484-8
       CAS Nr 84650-04-4
    d) Creosote Oil, ace-             However    by way of deroga-
       naphthene      fraction        gat i on :
       EINECS Nr 292-605-3        (i) Rotating    to the substan-
       CAS Nr 90640-84-9              ces and    preparations:
    e) Distillates (coa I             these may be used for wood
       tar) .upper                    treatment    in  industrial
       EINECS Nr 266-026-1             installations    if they
       CAS Nr 65996-91-0              conta i n:
    f) Anthracene O i I               a) Benzo-a-Pyrene at
       EINECS Nr 292-602-7            a concentration of
       CAS Nr 90640-80-5               less than 0.05% by mass
    g) Tar Ac i ds , CoaI ,           and
       Crude                          b) Water    extractable
       EINECS Nr 266-019-3            phenols at a concen-
       CAS Nr 65996-85-2              tration of     less than
    h) Creosote, wood                 3% by mass.
       EINECS Nr 232-419-1
       CAS Nr 8021-39-4
 ---pagebreak---                         - 21 -
J) Low temperature              Such substances and
   tar o i l , alkaline         prepa r a t i ons
   extracted                    - may be placed on the
   EINECS Nr 310 t9f 5          market only     in packaging
   CAS Nr    122384785          of a capacity equal       to or
                                greater   than 200     litres
                                - may not be sold to the
                                gener a I pub I i c
                                Without prejudice       to the
                                application of other
                                Community provisions on
                                the classification,
                                packaging and       labelling
                                of dangerous      substances
                                and preparations, the
                                packaging of such       sub-
                                stances and     preparations
                                shall be legible and
                                indelibly marked       as
                                fo I Iows:
                                "For use     in industrial
                                installations only"
                           (ii) Relating    to wood    treated
                                according     to (i) which    is
                                placed on the market        for
                                the first     time:
                                this  is permitted      for
                                profess i onaI     and
                                industrial     use only   e.g.
                                on railways, in electric
                                power   transmission and
                                telecommunications, for
                                fencing and     in harbours
                                and wa t erways.
                                However, such wood may        not
 ---pagebreak--- - 22 -
           be used:
           -    inside buildings whether
            for decorative purposes or
            not whatever    their   purpose
            (residence, employment,
            Ie i sure) ;
            - for the manufacture of
            containers    intended   for
            growing purposes and any
            re-treatment    and  the
            manufacture of     packaging
            which may come     into
            contact with or other
            materials which may
            contaminate    raw,
             intermediate   and/or
            finished products      intended
            for human and/or     animal
            consumption and any re-
             t reatment;
            -   in playgrounds and     in
            other outdoor places of
            public pleasure or      in
            other situations where
             there   is a risk that    it
            may come    into contact    with
             skin.
      (iii) Relating    to old  treated
             wood:
             the prohibition shall      not
             apply where this     is placed
             on the second hand market.
             However   such wood may not
             be used:
             -   inside buildings whether
             for decorative purposes or
 ---pagebreak---                                      -'23 -
                                            not   whatever        their      purpose
                                            (residence,          employment,
                                            leisure);
                                            -  for   the m a n u f a c t u r e    of
                                            containers         intended        for
                                            growing     purposes          and   any
                                            re-treatment           and    the
                                            manufacture         of     packaging
                                            which   may      come       into
                                            contact     with       or    other
                                            materials       which        may
                                            contaminate          raw,
                                             intermediate          and/or
                                            finished       products         intended
                                            for   human      and/or       animal
                                            consumption          and     any   re-
                                            t reatment;
                                            -   in p l a y g r o u n d s  and    in
                                            other   outdoor          places     of
                                            pub lie p i e a s u r e.
33. Chioroform                        "\    May   not    be used         in
    CAS Nr.  67-66-3                        concentrations             equal    to
34. Carbon  Tetrachloride                   or   greater       than      0,1%   by
    CAS Nr.  56-23-5                        weight     in s u b s t a n c e s   and
35. 1,1,2  Trich I o r o e t h a n e        preparations           placed      on
    CAS Nr.  79-00-5                        the m a r k e t    for     sale    to
36. 1,1,2,2  Tetrachloroethane               the  general        public.
    CAS Nr.  79-34-5                     y
37. 1,1,1,2  TetrachIoroethane
    CAS Nr.  630-20-6
38. PentachI oroethane
    CAS Nr.  76-01-7                        Without      prejudice          to   the
39. 1,1  DichIoroethyIene                   application          of    other
    CAS Nr.  75-35-4                        Community        provisions         on
                                        j    the  classification,              packa-
                                            ging   and     labelling         of
 ---pagebreak--- - 24 -
       dangerous substances and
       preparations, the packa-
       ging of such    substances
       and preparat i ons
       conta i n i ng them   in
       concentrations equal      to or
       greater   than 0.1%
       shall be legible and      inde-
       libly marked as follows:
       "Restricted    to professio-
       na I users"
       By way of derogation      this
       provision shall not      apply
       to:
       (a) med i c i na I or
       veterinary products as
       defined by Directive
       65/65/EEC,         as last
       amended by Directive
       89/381/EEC;
       (b) cosmetic products as
       defined by Directive
       76/768/EEC,         as last
       amended by Directive
       89/679/EEC;
        (c) waste covered by
       Directives    75/442/EEC
       and 78/319/EEC.
 ---pagebreak---                            - 25 -
40. 1,1,1  TrichIoroethane        From      five    years      of  entry
    CAS  Nr. 71-55-6              into      force    of
                                  this      Directive,         may   not   be
                                  used       in  concentrations
                                  equal       to or    greater       than
                                  0,1%      by   we i ght      in
                                  subs t a n c e s    and
                                  preparations           placed      on  the
                                  market        for  sale      to  the
                                  gener a I pub lie.
                                  Without        prejudice        to  the
                                  application          of    other
                                  Community         provisions        on
                                  the     classification,
                                  packaging         and     labelling      of
                                  dangerous         substances        and
                                  preparations,            the
                                  p a c k a g i ng of      this
                                  substance         and    of
                                  preparations           containing        it
                                  in c o n c e n t r a t i o n s  equal    to
                                  or    greater      than      0.1%   shall
                                  be    legible      and      indelibly
                                  marked        as  follows:
                                  "Rest r i cted         to
                                  professional           users"
                                  By    way     of  derogation         this
                                  provision         shall      not   apply
                                  to:
                                  ( a ) med i c i naI         or
                                  veterinary         products        as
                                  defined        by  Directive
                                  65/65/EEC,                 as   last
                                  amended        by  Directive
                                  89/381/EEC ;
                                  (b) c o s m e t i c    products       as
 ---pagebreak--- - 26 -
       defined by Directive
       76/768/EEC,      as last
       amended by Directive
       89/679/EEC;
       (c) waste covered by
       Directives  75/442/EEC
       and 78/319/EEC.
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 27
                            i
                             } FINANCIAL STATEMENT
                       SECTION 1: FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS
1. Title of operation
    Proposal for a thirteenth amendment to Directive 76/769/EEC
2. Budget heading Involved
    Article B5-300: completing the Internal market
3. Legal basis
    - Article 100a of the Treaty
    - Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 on a new approach to technical
    harmonization and standardization
4. Description of operation
4.1   Specific objective of operation
      The proposed operation involves:
      - restricting the marketing and use of creosote, chlorinated solvents
         and substances class I fed as carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic-,
         restricting the marketing and use of preparations containing these
         three categories of substance.
4.2   Duration
         This is a "one-off" operation
4.3   Target population
          Industrialists and consumers
5. Classification of expenditure
    - Differentiated appropriation
      Non-compuIsory
                                   m mi. ii- iiII•-..!.i m-mmmmmm*m*-v*~*'~~m-immw*mmmm'm "'—i^mm^immmmmmmmmmilHIB
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 28 -
6. Type of expenditure
    The expenditure would consist of financial support granted by the
    Commission to standardization organizations. As In the case of other
    "New Approach" directives, the Commission Intends to entrust the CEN
    with the task of drafting a harmonized standard. This will apply only
    to creosote Intended for controlled use; no standards are needed In the
    other two cases, where the substances concerned are banned. The
    necessary mandate for this task comes under the framework contract
    signed on 10 October 1985, which provides for Just such financial
    support from the Commission.
    Financial Impact on appropriations for operations
7.1. Method of calculating the cost
          The calculation method relating to Article B5-300 applies here.
          According to calculations performed by the European Committee for
          Standardization (CEN) on the basis of their experience of existing
          mandates, the average cost to the Commission of each new standard
          Is ECU 50 000.
          Since only one standard is to be Introduced, the Impact should be
          about ECU 50 000.
7.2    Proportion of the mini-budget
          N/A
7.3    Schedule of commitment (CE) and payment (CP) appropriations
          (Article 5B-300)
          CE              CP
 1992     50 000          25 000
 1993                     25 000
TOTAL     50 000          50 000
8. What anti-fraud measures are planned?
    Expenditure under the CEN contract is subject to the anti-fraud measures
     laid down in that contract and to any audits carried out by CEN.
                     SECTION 2: ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE
No new administrative expenditure Is foreseen. Any meetings to be held
would take place pursuant to Directive 76/769/EEC and would be covered by
the budget for that Directive.
 ---pagebreak---                                     -;29 "
               SECTION 3: ELEMENTS OF COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS
1. Objective and coherence with financial programming
1. The aim of the proposed operation Is to harmonize restrictions on the
     marketing and use of the three types of product concerned (creosote,
     chlorinated solvents, CMT) so as to avoid creating obstacles to trade
     and, at the same time, to provide a high level of protection for humans
     and the environment.
The proposal lays down essential requirements In the case of creosote.
These will provide a solid basis for standardization In Europe. The amount
of work to be done on standards should thus be reduced and, consequently,
the Impact on the Community budget lessened.
2. The operation is Incorporated In DG Ill's financial programming and is
Included In the appropriations allocated to technical standardization and
harmonlzatIon.
3. The general objective Is to complete the Internal market.
II. Grounds for the operation
Harmonization serves to prevent obstacles to trade and, at the same time,
to provide a high level of protection for humans and the environment.
Standardization is necessary In the case of creosote; otherwise the various
tests and conditions considered necessary before marketing the product
might act as obstacles to trade.
I I I . Monitoring and evaluation of the operation
The Committee set up under Directive 76/769/EEC will be responsible for
monitoring the application of this Directive.
Evaluation will be carried out annually via the progress reports on the
adoption of the standard drafted by the CEN.
                                                                            «»t*.««c*»n«-
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               COMPETITIVENESS AND EMPLOYMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT
1.   The current proposal concerns restrictions on the marketing and use of
     three families of substances and preparations viz creosote, chlorinated
     solvents ami CMT.
1 .1 Creosote
     Creosote Is produced as a byproduct of coke production. It is used by
      industry as an Intermediate for making certain industrial products. It
      is also used by Industry and by the consumer for wood treatment.
     Creosote for wood treatment and treated wood may endanger human health
     and the environment.
      It has been decided, therefore that the marketing and use for wood
     treatment of certain creosotes and the marketing and use of treated
     wood should be limited.
1.2  Chlorinated solvents
     Certain chlorinated solvents are used to a small extent by the general
     public and certain others may potentially be used In the future.
     Such solvents present or potentially present varying degrees of hazard
     to the health of consumers.
     Depending on the potential hazard to health, the extent of use, the
     existance of substitues and the provisions of existing Community
      legislation, priorities for limiting use by consumers have been
     established. Seven solvents would be Immediately banned for consumer
     use, another would be banned from 5 years and a further three would be
     reviewed after three years.
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1,3  CMT
     Substances which are carcinogenic, teratogenic or mutagenic may at
     present be used by consumers either alone or In preparations.
     Consumers may thus be put at risk.
     it has been decided that substances and preparations classified as
     carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic In categories 1 and 2 or that
     may In future be so classified can no longer be placed on the market
     for use by the general public.
II,  Features of the Business In Question
     Creosote is a byproduct of the coke Industry which Is of course
     concentrated In the big coal producing Member States viz Germany and
     UK. Industrial treatment of wood with creosote Is also largely
     concentrated in these same Member States. Treated wood Is marketed
     throughout the Community.
     Chlorinated solvents are widely used In Industry mainly for various
     cleaning purposes e.g. metal degreasing. A very small amount is used
     in consumer products e.g. stain removers, paint removers etc.
     CMT substances and preparations are also used to a very small extent by
     consumers except for the case of motor fuels which, being covered by an
     existing directive, are excluded from the proposal limitations.
III. What direct obligations does the Measure Impose on Industry?
      In the case of creosote the producing Industry will have to modify Its
     process plant so that product meets the essential requirements set down
      in this directive. It must also ensure that creosote for Industrial
     use Is appropriately packaged and labelled. These costs, which will be
     borne mainly by large companies, are likely to be small. Neither the
     cost of the measures nor the timing are of particular concern to the
      Industry.
     The chlorinated solvents industry must begin now to examine alternative
     solvents and systems for consumer use. The proposed measures will
     however be phased in over a period of years thus giving the industry
     adequate time for the transition. The costs, which again are down
     mainly to large companies, will be small. Neither the cost of the
     measures nor the timing are of particular concern to the Industry.
     The measures on CMT substances and preparations are not expected to
      Impose significant obligations beyond labelling. The cost of the
     measures are not of particular concern to the Industry. The timing
     could pose a problem as limitations on CMT substances will follow
     automat leally on. class if I cat Ion.
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IV.  What Indirect obligations are local authorItes likely to impose on
     business?
     None.
V.   Are there any special measures in respect of SME's?
     No. As indicated In Section III above, the proposal will Impact mainly
     on large companies.
VI   What is the likely effect on:
     (a)    competitiveness of Industry
     (b)    employment
     (a)    There may be a very marginal Increase in the cost of treated wood
            and of certain preparations for consumer use. The effects on
            competitiveness are however likely to be negligible.
     (b)    It Is unlikely that the measure will have significant Impact on
            employment.
VII. Consul tat Ion
The following Industry groups were consulted on preparation of the proposal
and participated in meetings of the Member States experts :
Section of Proposal                  Industry Association Consulted
1. Creosote                         Western European Institute for
                                    Wood Preservation, Brussels
2. Chlorinated solvents             European Chlorinated Solvent
                                    Association, Brussels
3. CMT                              CEFIC. Brussels
A M are In broad agreement. CEFIC however expressed some concern about the
automatlclty of CMT limitations.
The European consumer representative group BEUC was also consulted.
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                                                                    ISSN 0254-1475
                                                              COM(92) 195 final
                                                     DOCUMENTS
EN                                                                             06
                                Catalogue number: CB-CO-92-212-EN-C
                                                             ISBN 92-77-44024-4
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
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