CELEX: 51980FC1268
Language: en
Date: 2007-03-21
Title: Proposal for a Directive …/…/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of […] relating to the carbon dioxide emissions and the fuel consumption of motor vehicles (codified version)

EN

|[pic]                     |COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES                                                                           |

                                        Brussels,
                                        COM

                                                                  Proposal for a

                                          DIRECTIVE …/…/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

                                                                      of […]

                               relating to the carbon dioxide emissions and the fuel consumption of motor vehicles

                                                                (Codified version)

                                                              EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM

1.    In the context of a people’s Europe, the Commission attaches great importance to simplifying and clarifying Community law so as to make  it
       clearer and more accessible to the ordinary citizen, thus giving him new opportunities and the chance to make use of the  specific  rights
       it gives him.

       This aim cannot be achieved so long as numerous provisions that have  been  amended  several  times,  often  quite  substantially,  remain
       scattered, so that they must be sought partly in the original instrument and partly in later amending ones.  Considerable  research  work,
       comparing many different instruments, is thus needed to identify the current rules.

       For this reason a codification of rules that have frequently been amended  is  also  essential  if  Community  law  is  to  be  clear  and
       transparent.

2.    On 1 April 1987 the Commission therefore decided[1] to instruct its staff that all legislative acts should be codified after no  more  than
       ten amendments, stressing that this is a minimum requirement and that departments should endeavour to codify at even shorter intervals the
       texts for which they are responsible, to ensure that the Community rules are clear and readily understandable.

3.    The Conclusions of the Presidency of the Edinburgh  European  Council  (December 1992)  confirmed  this[2],  stressing  the  importance  of
       codification as it offers certainty as to the law applicable to a given matter at a given time.

       Codification must be undertaken in full compliance with the normal Community legislative procedure.

       Given that no changes of substance may be made to the instruments affected by codification, the European Parliament, the Council  and  the
       Commission have agreed, by an interinstitutional agreement dated 20 December 1994, that an accelerated procedure may be used for the fast-
       track adoption of codification instruments.

4.    The purpose of this proposal is to undertake a codification of Council Directive 80/1268/EEC of 16 December 1980  relating  to  the  carbon
       dioxide emissions and the fuel consumption of motor vehicles[3]. The new Directive will supersede the various acts incorporated in  it[4];
       this proposal fully preserves the content of the acts being codified and hence does no more than bring them together with only such formal
       amendments as are required by the codification exercise itself.

5.    The codification proposal was drawn up on the basis of a preliminary consolidation, in all official  languages,  of  Directive  80/1268/EEC
       and the instruments amending it, carried out by the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities,  by  means  of  a  data-
       processing system. Where the Articles have been given new numbers, the correlation between the old and the new numbers is shown in a table
       contained in Annex IV to the codified Directive.

                                            ê 80/1268/EEC

                                                                  Proposal for a

                                          DIRECTIVE …/…/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

                                                                      of […]

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 1 (adapted)

                               relating to the carbon dioxide emissions and the fuel consumption of motor vehicles

                                                            (Text with EEA relevance)

                                            ê 80/1268/EEC (adapted)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article Ö 95 Õ thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee[5],

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty[6],

Whereas:

                                            ê .

   1) Council Directive 80/1268/EEC of 16 December 1980 relating to the carbon dioxide emissions and the fuel consumption  of  motor  vehicles[7]
      has been substantially amended several times[8]. In the interests of clarity and rationality the said Directive should be codified.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Recital 1 (adapted)

   2) Ö Directive 80/1268/EEC is one of the separate Directives of the EC type-approval system provided for in [Council] Directive [70/156/EEC of
      6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of  the  Member  States  relating  to  the  type-approval  of  motor  vehicles  and  their
      trailers][9] and lays down technical prescriptions concerning the design and construction of motor vehicles as regards  to  carbon  dioxide
      emissions and the fuel consumptions of motor vehicles. These technical prescriptions concern the approximation of the laws  of  the  Member
      States to enable the EC type-approval procedure provided for in Directive [70/156/EEC] to be applied in respect of each  type  of  vehicle.
      Consequently, the provisions laid down in Directive [70/156/EEC] relating to vehicle systems, components and separate technical units apply
      to this Directive. Õ

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Recital 3 (adapted)

   3) Ö It is desirable to take into account the technical requirements adopted by  the  UN  Economic  Commission  for  Europe  (UN/ECE)  in  its
      corresponding Regulations annexed to the Agreement of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe concerning the adoption of  uniform
      technical prescriptions for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the conditions
      for reciprocal recognition of approvals granted on the basis of these prescriptions (Revised 1958 Agreement)[10].Õ

                                            ê .

   4) This Directive should be without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating  to  the  time-limits  for  transposition  into
      national law and application of the Directives set out in Annex III, Part B,

                                            ê 80/1268/EEC

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

                                                                    Article 1

For the purpose of this Directive, “vehicle” means any motor vehicle intended for use on the road, with or  without  bodywork,  having  at  least
four wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h, with the exception of vehicles which run on rails  and  of  agricultural  tractors  and
machinery.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 2 (adapted)

                                                                    Article 2

No Member State may refuse to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval on grounds relating to its carbon dioxide emissions  or  its  fuel
consumption if the emission and consumption figures have been determined in accordance with Annexes I and II and are set out in a document  given
to the vehicle owner at the time of purchase in the manner and form decided by each Member State.

Ö No Member State may refuse registration or prohibit the sale, registration, entry service or use of  a  vehicle  on  grounds  relating  to  its
carbon dioxide emissions or its fuel consumption if the emission and consumption figures have been determined in accordance with  Annexes  I  and
II and are set out in a document given to the vehicle owner at the time of purchase in the manner and form decided by each Member State. Õ

                                            ê 80/1268/EEC (adapted)

                                                                    Article 3

Any amendments necessary Ö to adapt Õ the requirements of Annexes Ö I and II Õ to technical progress shall be  adopted  in  accordance  with  the
procedure Ö referred to Õ in Article [13 Ö (2) Õ of Directive 70/156/EEC].

                                                                    Article 4

Member States shall Ö communicate to the Commission Õ the texts  of  the  main  provisions  of  national  law  which  they  adopt  in  the  field
Ö governed Õ by this Directive . 

                                            ê . (adapted)

                                                                    Article 5

Directive 80/1268/EEC, as amended by the Directives listed in Annex III is repealed, without prejudice to the obligations of  the  Member  States
relating to the time-limits for transposition into national law and application of the Directives set out in Annex III, Part B.

References to the repealed Directive shall be construed as references to this Directive and shall be read  in  accordance  with  the  correlation
table set out in Annex IV.

                                                                    Article 6

This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Ö It Õ shall apply from Ö […]. Õ

                                            ê 80/1268/EEC

                                                                    Article 7

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

Done at Brussels, […]

For the European Parliament  For the Council
The President    The President
[…]   […]

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

                                                                     ANNEX I

DETERMINATION OF CO2 EMISSIONS AND FUEL CONSUMPTION

                                            ê 2004/3/EC Art. 2 and Annex pt. I.1 (adapted)

       SCOPE

This Directive applies to the measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption of motor vehicles of categories M1 and N1.

It does not apply to a type of N1 vehicle if both:

     – the engine type fitted to that type of vehicle has received type-approval pursuant to Directive Ö 2005/55/EC[11] Õ ,and

     – the total annual worldwide production of N1 vehicles of the manufacturer is less than 2000 units.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I (adapted)

2.    APPLICATION FOR EC TYPE-APPROVAL

2.1.  The application for EC type-approval pursuant to [Article 3 (4) of Directive 70/156/EEC] for a vehicle type with regard  to  CO2  emissions
       and fuel consumption shall be submitted by the manufacturer.

2.2.  A model for the information document is given in Annex II to Directive 70/220/EEC. When already available, the  type-approval  number  will
       also be reported. When appropriate, copies of other type-approvals with the relevant data are provided to enable extension of approvals in
       accordance with point 11. At the request of the technical service in charge of the tests  or  the  manufacturer,  complementary  technical
       information could be considered for specific vehicles which are particularly fuel efficient.

                                            ê 2004/3/EC Art. 2 and Annex I. pt. I.2 (adapted)

2.3.  For the test described in point 6, a vehicle representative of the vehicle type to  be  approved  will  be  submitted  when  the  technical
       service responsible for the type-approval tests carries out the tests itself. For M1 and N1 vehicles, type-approved with respect to  their
       emissions according to Directive 70/220/EEC, the technical service will check during the test that this  vehicle  conforms  to  the  limit
       values applicable to that type, as described in Ö Annex I to Õ Directive 70/220/EEC.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

3.    GRANTING OF EC TYPE-APPROVAL

3.1.  If the relevant requirements are satisfied, EC type-approval pursuant to [Article 4 (3) of Directive 70/156/EEC] shall be granted.

3.2.  A model for the EC type-approval certificate is given in Annex II.

3.3.  An approval number in accordance with [Annex VII to Directive 70/156/EEC] shall be assigned to each vehicle type approved. The same  Member
       State shall not assign the same number to another vehicle type.

4.    GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 38 (adapted)

4.1.  The CO2 emissions are measured during the test cycle simulating the urban and extra-urban driving patterns as described in  Appendix  1  of
       Annex III to Directive 70/220/EEC.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

4.2.  The results of the test must be expressed as carbon dioxide emissions in g/km rounded to the nearest whole number.

4.3.  Fuel consumptions are calculated according to point 7 by the carbon balance method using the  measured  emissions  of  CO2  and  the  other
       carbon related emissions (CO and HC). The results will be rounded to the first decimal place.

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 38 (adapted)

4.4.  Test fuel

4.4.1.      Petrol and diesel vehicles

      The appropriate reference fuels as defined in Annex IX to Directive 70/220/EEC, must be used for testing.

4.4.2.      LPG and NG-fuelled vehicles

      For LPG and NG, that fuel must be used which is chosen by the manufacturer for the measurement of the net power in accordance  with  [Annex
       I to Directive 80/1269/EEC Ö [12] Õ]. The chosen fuel shall be specified in the communication document as defined in Annex II.

4.4.3.      For the purpose of calculation mentioned in 4.3, the following fuel characteristics will be used:

       (a)  density: measured on the test fuel according to ISO 3675 or an equivalent method; for petrol and diesel the measured density at 15 °C
           will be used; for LPG and NG, a reference density will be used, as follows:

            0,538 kg/l for LPG

            0,654 kg/m3 for NG[13]

       (b)  hydrogen-carbon ratio: fixed values will be used, which are:

            1,85 for petrol

            1,86 for diesel

            2,525 for LPG

            4,00 for NG

            2,93 for NG (NMHC).

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

5.    TEST CONDITIONS

5.1.  Test vehicle

5.1.1.      The vehicle must be presented in good mechanical condition. It must have been run in and driven at least 3 000 kilometres,  but  less
       than 15 000 kilometres, before the test.

5.1.2.      The settings of the engine and of the vehicle controls must be those prescribed by the manufacturer. This requirement  also  applies,
       in particular to the idle settings, to the cold start device and to the exhaust gas pollutant emission control system.

5.1.3.      The laboratory may check that vehicle performance is as specified by the manufacturer and that it is possible to  use  it  in  normal
       driving conditions, particularly cold and hot start.

5.1.4.      Before the test, the vehicle must be stored in a room where the temperature remains between  293  and  303 K  (20  and  30 °C).  This
       conditioning period will last at least six hours and to a point where the temperature of the engine lube oil and the  engine  coolant  are
       within ± 2 K of the room temperature. At the request of the manufacturer, the test may be conducted within a maximum of 30 hours after the
       vehicle has been used at normal temperature.

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 38 (adapted)

      At the manufacturer's request, positive ignition engined vehicles may be preconditioned according to  the  procedure  prescribed  in  point
       5.2.1 of Annex VI to Directive 70/220/EEC. Compression ignition  engined  vehicles  may  be  preconditioned  according  to  the  procedure
       described in point 5.3 of Annex III to the same Directive.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

5.1.5.      Only the equipment necessary for the functioning of the vehicle during the test shall  be  in  operation.  If  there  is  a  manually
       controlled device on the carburettor inlet for air heating, it must be in the “summer”  position.  In  general,  the  auxiliary  equipment
       required for the normal running of the vehicle must be in operation.

5.1.6.      If the radiator fan is temperature controlled, it must be operating as it would normally on the vehicle.  The  passenger  compartment
       heating system must not be operating, nor must the air conditioning system, although its compressor must be operating normally.

5.1.7.      If a pressure charging device is fitted, it must be operating as it would normally.

5.2.  Lubricants

      All lubricants must be those recommended by the manufacturer of the vehicle and must be indicated on the test report.

5.3.  Tyres

      The tyres must be of one of the types specified as original equipment by the vehicle manufacturer, inflated  to  the  pressure  recommended
       for the test load and speeds (adjusted, where necessary, for test-bed operation  under  test  conditions).  The  pressures  used  must  be
       indicated in the test report.

6.    MEASUREMENT OF CO2 AND CARBON-RELATED EMISSIONS

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 38 (adapted)

6.1.  Test cycle

      The test cycle is described in Appendix 1 of Annex III to Directive 70/220/EEC including both Part I (urban driving Ö cycle Õ  )  and  Part
       II (extra-urban driving Ö cycle Õ ). All driving prescriptions contained in this Appendix will be applied for the CO2 measurement.

                                            ê 2004/3/EC Art. 2 and Annex pt. I.3

       Vehicles which do not attain the acceleration and maximum speed values required in the test cycle must be operated  with  the  accelerator
       control fully depressed until they once again reach the required operating curve. Deviations from the test cycle must be recorded  in  the
       test report.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

6.2.  Definition

6.2.1.      Reference mass

      Mass of the vehicle in running order less the uniform mass of the driver of 75 kg and increased by a uniform mass of 100 kg.

6.3.  Dynamometer adjustments

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 38

6.3.1.      The load and inertia adjustments of the dynamometer are determined as defined in Annex III to Directive 70/220/EEC, .

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

6.4.  Calculation of emissions

6.4.1.      General provisions

6.4.1.1.    Emissions of gaseous pollutants are calculated by means of the following equation:

                                                      Mi = ((Vmix · Qi · Ci · 10− 6)/d) (1)

|where:                                                                                                                            |
|Mi        |=    |mass emission of the pollutant i in grams per kilometre;                                                        |
|Vmix      |=    |volume of the diluted exhaust gas expressed in litres per test and corrected to standard conditions (273,2 K and|
|          |     |101,33 kPa);                                                                                                    |
|Qi        |=    |density of the pollutant i in grams per litre at normal temperature and pressure (273,2 K and 101,33 kPa);      |
|Ci        |=    |concentration of the pollutant i in the diluted exhaust gas expressed in ppm and corrected by the amount of the |
|          |     |pollutant i contained in the dilution air. If Ci is expressed in % volume, 10− 6 factor is replaced by 10− 2;   |
|d         |=    |driven distance during the operating cycle in km.                                                               |

6.4.1.2.    Volume determination

6.4.1.2.1.  Calculation of the volume when a variable dilution device  with  constant  flow  control  by  orifice  or  venturi  is  used.  Record
           continuously the parameters showing the volumetric flow, and calculate the total volume for the duration of the test.

6.4.1.2.2.  Calculation of volume when a positive displacement pump is used. The volume of diluted exhaust gas in systems comprising  a  positive
           displacement pump is calculated with the following formula:

                                                                    V = Vo · N

|where:                                                                                                                            |
|V           |=      |volume of the diluted exhaust gas expressed in litres per test (prior to correction);                        |
|Vo          |=      |volume of gas delivered by the positive displacement pump on testing conditions in litres per revolution;    |
|N           |=      |number of revolutions per test.                                                                              |

6.4.1.2.3.  Correction of the diluted exhaust-gas volume to standard conditions. The diluted exhaust-gas volume is  corrected  by  means  of  the
           following formula:

                                                         Vmix = V · K1 · (Pp/Tp)      (2)

            in which:

                                                 K1 = (273,2/101,33) = 2,6961 (K · kPa− 1)    (3)

|where:                                                                                                                            |
|Pp          |=      |absolute pressure at the inlet to the positive displacement pump in kPa;                                      |
|Tp          |=      |average temperature of the diluted exhaust gas entering the positive displacement pump during the test (K).   |

6.4.1.3.    Calculation of the corrected concentration of pollutants in the sampling bag

                                                         Ci = Ce − Cd(1 − (1/DF))     (4)

|where:                                                                                                                            |
|Ci        |=      |concentration of the pollutant i in the diluted exhaust gas, expressed in ppm or % volume and corrected by the |
|          |       |amount of i contained in the dilution air;                                                                     |
|Ce        |=      |measured concentration of pollutant i in the diluted exhaust gas, expressed in ppm, or % volume;               |
|Cd        |=      |measured concentration of pollutant i in the air used for dilution, expressed in ppm, or % volume;             |
|DF        |=      |dilution factor.                                                                                               |

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 39

|The dilution factor is calculated as follows:                                                                             |
|For petrol and diesel            |:                    |DF = 13,4/CCO2 + (CHC + CCO)10-4                                  |
|For LPG                          |:                    |DF = 11,9/ CCO2 + (CHC +CCO)10-4                                  |
|For NG                           |:                    |DF = 9,5/ CCO2 + (CHC + CCO)10-4                                  |

      where:

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I

|CCO2      |=           |concentration of CO2 in the diluted exhaust gas contained in the sampling bag, expressed in % volume; |
|CHC       |=           |concentration of HC in the diluted exhaust gas contained in the sampling bag, expressed in ppm carbon |
|          |            |equivalent;                                                                                           |
|CCO       |=           |concentration of CO in the diluted exhaust gas contained in the sampling bag, expressed in ppm.       |

6.4.1.4.    Example

6.4.1.4.1.  Data

6.4.1.4.1.1.     Ambient conditions:

            ambient temperature: 23 °C = 296,2 K,

            barometric pressure: PB = 101,33 kPa.

6.4.1.4.1.2.     Volume measured and reduced to standard conditions

                                                                   V = 51 961 l

6.4.1.4.1.3.     Analyser readings:

|                               |Diluted exhaust                    |Dilution air                         |
|HC(1)                          |92 ppm                             |3,0 ppm                              |
|CO                             |470 ppm                            |0 ppm                                |
|CO2                            |1,6 % volume                       |0,03 % volume                        |
|(1) In ppm carbon equivalent.                                                                            |

6.4.1.4.2.  Calculation

6.4.1.4.2.1.     Dilution factor (DF) (see formula 5)

                                                      DF = (13,4/(CCO2 + (CCH + CCO) 10− 4))

                                                       DF = (13,4/(1,6 + (92 + 470) 10− 4))

                                                                    DF = 8,091

6.4.1.4.2.2.     Calculation of the corrected concentration of pollutants in the sampling bag:

            HC mass emissions (see formulae 4 and 1)

                                                           Ci = Ce − Cd(1 − (1/DF)) (4)

                                                           CHC = 92 − 3 (1 − (1/8,091))

                                                                 CHC = 89,371 ppm

                                                    MHC = CHC · Vmix · QHC · (1/d) · 10− 6 (1)

                                                                   QHC = 0,619

                                                  MHC = 89,371 · 51 961 · 0,619 · 10− 6 · (1/d)

                                                               MHC = (2,88/d) g/km

            CO mass emissions (see formula 1)

                    MCO = CCO · Vmix · QCO · (1/d) · 10− 6 (1)

                    QCO = 1,25

                    MCO = 470 · 51 961 · 1,25 · 10− 6 · (1/d)

                    MCO = (30,5/d) g/km

            CO2 mass emissions (see formula 1)

                    Ci = Ce − Cd(1 − (1/DF)) (4)

                    CCO2 = 1,6 − 0,03 (1 − (1/8,091))

                    CCO2 = 1,573 % volume

                    QCO2 = 1,964

                    MCO2 = CCO2 · Vmix · QCO2 · 10− 2 · (1/d) (1)

                    MCO2 = 1,573 · 51 961 · 1,964 · 10− 2 · (1/d)

                    MCO2 = (1 605 ,27/d) g/km

6.4.2.      Special provisions relating to vehicles equipped with compression ignition engines

      HC measurements for compression-ignition engines

      The average HC concentration used in determining the HC mass emissions from compression-ignition engines is calculated with the aid of  the
       following formula:

                                                      Ce = ((∫t1t2 CHC · dt)/(t2 − t1)) (7)

|where:                                                                                                                     |
|∫t1t2 CHC · dt      |=      |integral of the recording of the heated FID over the test duration (t2 − t1);                 |
|Ce                  |=      |HC concentration of the diluted exhaust sample as calculated from the integrated HC trace, in |
|                    |       |ppm carbon equivalent.                                                                        |

6.5.  Interpretation of the results

6.5.1.      The CO2 value adopted as the type-approval value shall be the value declared by  the  manufacturer  if  the  value  measured  by  the
       technical service does not exceed the declared value by more than 4 %. The measured value can be lower without any limitations.

6.5.2.      If the measured value of CO2 exceeds the manufacturer's declared CO2 value by more than 4 %, then another test is  run  on  the  same
       vehicle.

      When the average of the two test results does not exceed the manufacturer's declared value by more than 4 %, then  the  value  declared  by
       the manufacturer is taken as the type-approval value.

6.5.3.      If the average still exceeds the declared value by more than 4 %, a final test is run on the same vehicle.

      The average of the three test results is taken as the type-approval value.

7.    CALCULATION OF FUEL CONSUMPTIONS

7.1.  The fuel consumptions are calculated from the emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide calculated in  accordance  with
       point 6.

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 39
                                            è1 Corrigendum 1999/100/EC (OJ L 163, 4.7.2000, p. 38)

7.2.  The fuel consumption, expressed in litres per 100 km (in the case of petrol, LPG or diesel) or in m3 per 100 km (in the  case  of  NG),  is
       calculated by means of the following formulae:[14]

       (a)  for vehicles with a positive ignition engine fuelled with petrol:

           è1 (FC) = ((0,1154/D) × [(0,866 × THC) + (0,429 × CO) + (0,273 × CO2)]) ç

       (b)  for vehicles with a positive ignition engine fuelled with LPG:

           FCnorm = (0,1212/0,538) × [(0,825 × THC)+(0,429 × CO)+(0,273 × CO2)]

            If the composition of the fuel used for the test differs from the composition that is assumed for the calculation of  the  normalised
           consumption, on the manufacturer's request a correction factor cf may be applied as follows:

           FCnorm = (0,1212/0,538) × cf × [(0,825 × THC)+(0,429 × CO)+(0,273 × C02)]

            The correction factor cf, which may be applied, is determined as follows:

           cf = 0,825+0,0693 × nactual

|where:                                                                                  |
|nactual                |=       |the actual H/C ratio of the fuel used                  |

       (c)  for vehicles with a positive ignition engine fuelled with NG:

           FCnorm = (0,1336/0,654) × [(0,749 × THC)+(0,429 × CO)+(0,273 × CO2)]

       (d)  for vehicles with a compression ignition engine:

           FC = (0,1155/D) × [(0,866 × THC)+(0,429 × CO)+(0,273 × C02)]

|In these formulae:                                                                                                            |
|FC          |=         |the fuel consumption in litre per 100 km (in the case of petrol, LPG or diesel) or in m3 per 100 km (in |
|            |          |the case of NG)                                                                                         |
|THC         |=         |the measured emission of total hydrocarbons in g/km                                                     |
|CO          |=         |the measured emission of carbon monoxide in g/km                                                        |
|CO2         |=         |the measured emission of carbon dioxide in g/km                                                         |
|D           |=         |the density of the test fuel at 15 °C.                                                                  |

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1 pt. 3 and Annex I (adapted)

8.    AMENDMENTS TO APPROVALS

8.1.  In the case of amendments to approvals granted pursuant to this Directive the provisions of  [Article  5  of  Directive  70/156/EEC]  shall
       apply.

9.    CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION FOR CO2 EMISSIONS

9.1.  As a general rule, measures to ensure the conformity of production with regard to CO2 emissions from vehicles is checked on  the  basis  of
       the description in the type-approval certificate set out in Annex II to this Directive and in accordance with the provisions  of  [Article
       10 of Directive 70/156/EEC].

      If the authority is not satisfied with the auditing procedure of the  manufacturer,  then  [points  Ö 3.3 Õ  and  Ö 3.4 Õ  of  Annex  X  to
       Directive 70/156/EEC] shall apply.

9.1.1.      If a vehicle type has had one or several extensions, the tests will be carried out on the vehicle(s)  described  in  the  information
       package which accompanied the first type-approval application.

9.1.1.1.    Conformity of the vehicle for the CO2 test.

9.1.1.1.1.  Three vehicles are randomly taken in the series and are tested as described in point 6 of this Annex.

9.1.1.1.2.  If the authority is satisfied with the production standard deviation given by the manufacturer, according to [Annex  X  to  Directive
           70/156/EEC], the tests are carried out according to point 9.2 of this Annex.

            If the authority is not satisfied with the production standard deviation given by the manufacturer according to [Annex X to Directive
           70/156/EEC], the tests are carried out according to point 9.3 of this Annex.

9.1.1.1.3.  The production of a series is regarded as conforming or non-conforming, on the basis of tests on the three sampled vehicles,  once  a
           pass or fail decision is reached for CO2, according to the test criteria applied in the appropriate table.

            If no pass decision and/or no fail decision is reached for CO2, a test is carried out on an additional vehicle (see Figure I/8).

                                                                    FIGURE I/8

[pic]9.1.1.2.    Notwithstanding the requirements of point 5.1.1 of this Annex, the tests  will  be  carried  out  on  vehicles  which  have  not
       travelled any distance.

9.1.1.2.1.  However, at the request of the manufacturer, the tests will be  carried  out  on  vehicles  which  have  been  run-in  a  maximum  of
           15 000 km.

            In this case, the running-in procedure will be conducted by the manufacturer who shall undertake not to make any adjustments to those
           vehicles.

9.1.1.2.2.  If the manufacturer asks to conduct a running-in procedure (“x” km, where x ≤ 15 000 km), it may be carried out as follows:

              – the emission of CO2 will be measured at zero and at “x” km on the first tested vehicle (which can be the type-approval vehicle),

              – the evolution coefficient of the emission between zero and «x» km will be calculated as follows:

                                                    EC = (Emissions “x” km/Emissions zero km)

            It may be less than one,

              – the following vehicles will not be subjected to the running-in procedure, but their zero km emissions will  be  modified  by  the
                evolution coefficient, EC.

            In this case, the values to be taken will be:

              – the value at «x» km for the first vehicle,

              – the values at zero km multiplied by the evolution coefficient for the following vehicles.

9.1.1.2.3.  As an alternative to this procedure, the car manufacturer can use a fixed evolution coefficient EC of 0,92 and  multiply  all  values
           of CO2 measured at zero km by this factor.

                                            ê 1999/100/EC Art. 1 and Annex, p. 40 (adapted)

9.1.1.2.4.  The reference fuels described in Annex IX and Annex IXa to Directive [70/220/EEC] shall be used for testing.

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1.3 and Annex I
                                            è1 Corrigendum 93/116/EC (OJ L 42, 15.2.1994, p. 27)

9.2.  Conformity of production when manufacturer's statistical data is available

9.2.1 The following sections describe the procedure to be used to verify the CO2 conformity of production requirements  when  the  manufacturer's
       production standard deviation is satisfactory.

9.2.2.      With a minimum sample size of three the sampling procedure is set so that the probability of a lot passing a test with  40 %  of  the
       production defective is 0,95 (producer's risk = 5 %), while the probability of a lot being accepted with 65 % of the production  defective
       is 0,1 (consumer's risk = 10 %).

9.2.3.      The following procedure is used (see Figure I/8).

      Let L be the natural logarithm of the CO2 type-approval value:

|xi            |=    |the natural logarithm of the measurement for the i-th vehicle of the sample;                            |
|s             |=    |an estimate of the production standard deviation (after taking the natural logarithm of the             |
|              |     |measurements);                                                                                          |
|n             |=    |the current sample number.                                                                              |

9.2.4.      Compute for the sample, the test statistic quantifying the sum of the standardized deviations to the limit and defined as:

                                                                      [pic]

9.2.5.      Then:

         – if the test statistic is greater than the pass decision number for the sample size given in Table I/ - /9.2.5,  a  pass  decision  is
           reached,

         – if the test statistic is less than the fail decision number for the sample size given in Table  I/  -  /9.2.5,  a  fail  decision  is
           reached,

         – otherwise, an additional vehicle is tested according to point 6 of this Annex and the procedure is applied to  the  sample  with  one
           unit more.

                                                                TABLE I/ - /9.2.5

|Sample size                                                                |Pass Decision No             |Fail Decision No             |
|(cumulative number of vehicles tested)                                     |                             |                             |
|(a)                                                                        |(b)                          |(c)                          |
|3                                                                          |3,327                        |− 4,724                      |
|4                                                                          |3,261                        |− 4,790                      |
|5                                                                          |3,195                        |− 4,856                      |
|6                                                                          |3,129                        |− 4,922                      |
|7                                                                          |3,063                        |− 4,988                      |
|8                                                                          |2,997                        |− 5,054                      |
|9                                                                          |2,931                        |− 5,120                      |
|10                                                                         |2,865                        |− 5,185                      |
|11                                                                         |2,799                        |− 5,251                      |
|12                                                                         |2,733                        |− 5,317                      |
|13                                                                         |2,667                        |− 5,383                      |
|14                                                                         |2,601                        |− 5,449                      |
|15                                                                         |2,535                        |− 5,515                      |
|16                                                                         |2,469                        |− 5,581                      |
|17                                                                         |2,403                        |− 5,647                      |
|18                                                                         |2,337                        |− 5,713                      |
|19                                                                         |2,271                        |− 5,779                      |
|20                                                                         |2,205                        |− 5,845                      |
|21                                                                         |2,139                        |− 5,911                      |
|22                                                                         |2,073                        |− 5,977                      |
|23                                                                         |2,007                        |− 6,043                      |
|24                                                                         |1,941                        |− 6,109                      |
|25                                                                         |1,875                        |− 6,175                      |
|26                                                                         |1,809                        |− 6,241                      |
|27                                                                         |1,743                        |− 6,307                      |
|28                                                                         |1,677                        |− 6,373                      |
|29                                                                         |1,611                        |− 6,439                      |
|30                                                                         |1,545                        |− 6,505                      |
|31                                                                         |1,479                        |− 6,571                      |
|32                                                                         |− 2,112                      |− 2,112                      |

9.3.  Conformity of production when manufacturer's statistical data is unsatisfactory or unavailable.

9.3.1.      The following sections describe the procedure to  be  used  to  verify  the  CO2  conformity  of  production  requirements  when  the
       manufacturer's evidence of production standard deviation is either unsatisfactory or unavailable.

9.3.2.      With a minimum sample size of three the sampling procedure is set so that the probability of a lot passing a test with  40 %  of  the
       production defective is 0,95 (producer's risk = 5 %), while the probability of a lot being accepted with 65 % of the production  defective
       is 0,1 (consumer's risk = 10 %).

9.3.3.      The measurement of CO2 is considered to be  log  normally  distributed  and  should  first  be  transformed  by  taking  the  natural
       logarithms. Let m0 and m denote the minimum and maximum sample sizes respectively (m0 = 3 and m = 32) and let n denote the current  sample
       number.

9.3.4.      If the natural logarithms of the measurements in the series are x1, x2, …, xj and L  is  the  natural  logarithm  of  the  CO2  type-
       approval value, then define:

                                                                      [pic]

9.3.5.      Table I/ - /9.3.5 shows values of the pass (An) and fail (Bn) decision numbers against current sample number. The test  statistic  is
       the ratio d-n/Vn and shall be used to determine whether the series has passed or failed as follows:

      for m0 ≤ n ≤ m:

         – [pic]

9.3.6.      Remarks

      The following recursive formulae are useful for computing successive values of the test statistic:

                                                                      [pic]

                                                                TABLE I/ - /9.3.5

|Sample size                                                             |Pass Decision No                |Fail Decision No               |
|(cumulative number of vehicles tested)                                  |An                              |Bn                             |
|n                                                                       |                                |                               |
|(a)                                                                     |(b)                             |(c)                            |
|3                                                                       |− 0,80381                       |16,64743                       |
|4                                                                       |− 0,76339                       |7,68627                        |
|5                                                                       |− 0,72982                       |4,67136                        |
|6                                                                       |− 0,69962                       |3,25573                        |
|7                                                                       |− 0,67129                       |2,45431                        |
|8                                                                       |− 0,64406                       |1,94369                        |
|9                                                                       |− 0,6175                        |1,59105                        |
|10                                                                      |− 0,59135                       |1,33295                        |
|11                                                                      |− 0,56542                       |1,13566                        |
|12                                                                      |− 0,5396                        |0,9797                         |
|13                                                                      |− 0,51379                       |0,85307                        |
|14                                                                      |− 0,48791                       |0,74801                        |
|15                                                                      |− 0,46191                       |0,65928                        |
|16                                                                      |− 0,43573                       |0,58321                        |
|17                                                                      |− 0,40933                       |0,51718                        |
|18                                                                      |− 0,38266                       |0,45922                        |
|19                                                                      |− 0,3557                        |0,40788                        |
|20                                                                      |− 0,3284                        |0,36203                        |
|21                                                                      |− 0,30072                       |0,32078                        |
|22                                                                      |− 0,27263                       |0,28343                        |
|23                                                                      |− 0,2441                        |0,24943                        |
|24                                                                      |− 0,21509                       |0,21831                        |
|25                                                                      |− 0,18557                       |0,1897                         |
|26                                                                      |− 0,1555                        |0,16328                        |
|27                                                                      |− 0,12483                       |0,1388                         |
|28                                                                      |− 0,09354                       |0,11603                        |
|29                                                                      |− 0,06159                       |0,0948                         |
|30                                                                      |− 0,02892                       |0,07493                        |
|31                                                                      |è1 0,00449 ç                    |0,05629                        |
|32                                                                      |è1 0,03876 ç                    |0,03876                        |

10.   SPECIAL PROVISIONS

10.1. In the future, vehicles with special fuel efficient technologies  may  be  offered  which  could  be  submitted  to  complementary  testing
       programmes. These would be specified at a later stage which can be claimed by the manufacturer in order to demonstrate the  advantages  of
       the solution.

                                            ê 2004/3/EC Art. 2 and Annex pt. I.4

11. EXTENSION OF APPROVAL

11.1. The type-approval can be extended to vehicles from the same type  or  from  a  different  type  differing  with  regard  to  the  following
       characteristics of Annex II, if the CO2 emissions measured by the technical service do not exceed the type-approval value by more than 4 %
       for vehicles of category M1 and 6 % for vehicles of category N1:

         – reference mass,

         – maximum authorised mass,

         – type of bodywork:
           for M1: saloon, hatchback, station wagon, coupé, convertible, multipurpose vehicle for N1: lorry, van,

         – overall gear ratios,

         – engine equipment and accessories.

11.2. Extension of approval of vehicles of category N1 within a family:

       11.2.1. For vehicles of category N1 that are approved as members of a vehicle family using the procedure in Annex I, point 12.2, the type-
           approval can be extended to vehicles from within the same family only if the technical service estimates that the fuel consumption of
           the new vehicle does not exceed the fuel consumption of the vehicle on which the family's fuel consumption is based.

       Approvals may also be extended to vehicles which:

         – are up to 110 kg heavier than the family member tested, provided that they are within 220 kg of the lightest member of the family,

         – have a lower overall transmission ratio than the family member tested due solely to a change in tyre sizes and

         – conform with the family in all other respects.

11.2.2. For vehicles of category N1 that are approved as members of a vehicle family using the procedure  in  Annex  I,  point  12.3,  the  type-
       approval can be extended to vehicles from within the same family without additional testing only if the technical service  estimates  that
       the fuel consumption of the new vehicle falls within the limits made up of those two vehicles in the family that have the lowest  and  the
       highest fuel consumption, respectively.

                                            ê 2004/3/EC Art. 2 and Annex pt. I.5 (adapted)

12. APPROVAL OF VEHICLES OF CATEGORY N1 WITHIN A FAMILY

Vehicles of category N1 can be approved within a family as defined in Ö point Õ 12.1 using one  of  the  two  alternative  methods  described  in
       Ö points Õ 12.2 and 12.3.

12.1. N1 vehicles may be grouped together into a family for the purposes of this Directive if the following parameters are  identical  or  within
       the specified limits:

12.1.1. Identical parameters are:

              – manufacturer and type as defined in Annex II, section I, point 0.2,

              – engine capacity,

              – emission control system type,

              – fuel system type as defined in Annex II, point 1.5.2.

12.1.2. The following parameters have to be within the following limits:

              – transmission overall ratios (no more than 8 % higher than the lowest) as defined in Annex II, point 1.6.3,

              – reference mass (no more than 220 kg lighter than the heaviest),

              – frontal area (no more than 15 % smaller than the largest),

              – engine power (no more than 10 % less than the highest value).

12.2. A vehicle family, as defined in 12.1, can be approved with CO2 emission and fuel consumption data that are common to  all  members  of  the
       family. The technical service must select for testing the member of the family which  the  service  considers  to  have  the  highest  CO2
       emission. The measurements are performed as described in point 6, and the results according to the method described in  6.5  are  used  as
       type-approval values that are common to all members of the family.

12.3. Vehicles that are grouped in a family as defined in Ö point Õ 12.1 can be approved with individual CO2 emission and fuel  consumption  data
       for each of the family members. The technical service selects for testing the two vehicles,  which  the  service  considers  to  have  the
       highest and the lowest CO2 emissions respectively. The measurements are performed as described in point 6. If the manufacturer's data  for
       these two vehicles falls within the tolerance limits described in Ö point Õ 6.5, the CO2 emissions declared by the  manufacturer  for  all
       members of the vehicle family can be used as type-approval values. If the manufacturer's data do not fall within the tolerance limits, the
       results according to the method described in Ö point Õ 6.5 are used as type-approval values and the  technical  service  shall  select  an
       appropriate number of other family members for additional tests.

                                                                   ____________

                                            ê 93/116/EC Art. 1.3 and Annex II (adapted)
                                            è1 1999/100/EC
                                            è2 2004/3/EC

                                                                     ANNEX II

                                                                      MODEL

                                                       (maximum format: A4 (210 × 297 mm))

                                                           EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE

|STAMP OF ADMINISTRATION                                         |

Communication concerning the:

- type approval (1)

- extension of type approval (1)

- refusal of type approval (1)

- withdrawal of type approval (1)

of a type of vehicle / component / separate technical unit (1) with regard to [Directive 80/1268/EEC].

Type-approval number:

Reason for extension:

Section I

0.1.  Make (trade name of manufacturer):

0.2.  Type and general commercial description(s):

0.3.  Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle/component/separate technical unit (1) (2):

0.3.1.      Location of that marking:

0.4.  Category of vehicle (3):

0.5.  Name and address of manufacturer:

0.6.  In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of affixing of the EC type-approval mark:

0.7.  Address(es) of assembly plant(s):

Section II

1.    Additional information (where applicable): see addendum

2.    Technical service responsible for carrying out these tests:

3.    Date of test report:

4.    No of test report:

5.    Remarks (if any): see addendum

6.    Place:

7.    Date:

8.    Signature:

9.    The index to the information package lodged with the approval authority, which may be obtained on request is attached.

                                                                  è2 Addendum ç
                                                   è2 to EC type-approval certificate No: ……. ç
          è2 concerning the type-approval of a vehicle (1) with regard to Directive [80/1268/EEC] (CO2 emissions and fuel consumption) ç

1.    Additional information

1.1.  Mass of the vehicle in running order: …………………………………………………

1.2.  Maximum mass: ……………………………………………………………………..

è2 1.3.     Type of bodywork: ç

è2 1.3.1.   For M1: saloon, hatchback, station wagon, coupé, convertible, multipurpose vehicle (1) ç

è2 1.3.2.   For N1: lorry, van ç

1.4.  Drive wheels: front, rear, 4 x 4 (1)

1.5.  Engine: ……………………………………………………………………………….

1.5.1.      Engine displacement: ………………………………………………………………….

1.5.2.      Fuel supply system: carburettor/injection (1)

1.5.3.      Fuel recommended by the manufacturer: ……………………………………………..

1.5.4.      Maximum power: ………………… … kW at…. ………………………………min¯¹

1.5.5.      Pressure charging device: yes/no (1)

1.5.6.      Ignition system: diesel/conventional or electronic ignition (1)

1.6.  Transmission: ………………………………………………………………………….

1.6.1.      Type of gearbox: manual/automatic (1)

1.6.2.      Number of gear ratios: ………………………………………………………………...

1.6.3.      Total gear ratios (including the rolling circumferences of the tyres under load): road speeds per 1 000 min¯¹ km/h

      First gear:……………………… Fourth gear: ……………………………

      Second gear: ……………………Fifth gear: ……………………………...

      Third gear: …………………….. Overdrive: …………………………….

1.6.4.      Final drive ratio: ………………………………………………………….

1.6.5.      Tyres: ………………………………………………………………………………

      Type: …………………………. Dimensions: …………………………….

      Rolling circumreference under load: ………………………………………………….

è2 1.7.     Type-approval values ç (4) 

è1 1.7.1.   CO2 mass emissions ç

è1 1.7.1.1. CO2 mass emissions (urban conditions): ……………………………………… g/km ç

è1 1.7.1.2. CO2 mass emissions (extra-urban conditions): …………………………………g/km ç

è1 1.7.1.3. CO2 mass emissions (combined): ……………………………………………...g/km ç

è1 1.7.2.   Fuel consumptions ç

è1 1.7.2.1. Fuel consumptions (urban conditions): ………………………………….1/100 km (5) ç

è1 1.7.2.2. Fuel consumptions (extra-urban conditions): ……………………………1/100 km (5) ç

è1 1.7.2.3. Fuel consumptions (combined): ………………………………………...1/100 km (5) ç

2.    Remarks: ………………………………………………………………………….

(1)   Delete where not applicable

(2)   If the means of identification of type contains characters not relevant to describe the  vehicle,  component  or  separate  technical  unit
       types covered by this type-approval certificate, such characters shall be represented in the documentation by the symbol ‘?’ (e.g. ABC  ??
       123 ??).

(3)   As defined in Annex [II A to Directive 70/156/EEC].

è1 (4)      Repeat for petrol and gaseous fuel in case of a vehicle that can run either on petrol or  on  gaseous  fuel.  Vehicles  that  can  be
       fuelled with both petrol and a gaseous fuel, but where the petrol system is fitted for emergency purposes or starting only  and  of  which
       the petrol tank cannot contain more than 15 litres of petrol will be regarded for the test as  vehicles  which  can  only  run  a  gaseous
       fuel. ç

è1 (5)      For vehicles fuelled with NG, the unit “1/100 km” is replaced by “m³/100 km”. ç

è2 (6)      For vehicles that are approved within a family according to Annex I, point 12, this Addendum must be  supplied  for  each  individual
       member of the vehicle family. ç

                                            é

                                                                    ANNEX III

                                                                      Part A

                                                Repealed Directive with its successive amendments
                                                            (referred to in Article 5)

|Council Directive 80/1268/EEC                                                 |                                                     |
|(OJ L 375, 31.12.1980, p. 36)                                                 |                                                     |
|Commission Directive 89/491/EEC                                                |Only Article 1, fifth indent and Annex V             |
|(OJ L 238, 15.8.1989, p. 43)                                                   |                                                     |
|Commission Directive 93/116/EC                                                 |                                                     |
|(OJ L 329, 30.12.1993, p. 39)                                                  |                                                     |
|Commission Directive 1999/100/EC                                               |                                                     |
|(OJ L 334, 28.12.1999, p. 36)                                                  |                                                     |
|Directive 2004/3/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council              |Only Article 2 and the Annex                         |
|(OJ L 49, 19.2.2004, p. 36)                                                    |                                                     |

                                                                      Part B

                                     List of time-limits for transposition into national law and application
                                                            (referred to in Article 5)

|Directive                                     |Time-limit for transposition                  |
|80/1268/EEC                                   |30 June 1982                                  |
|89/491/EEC                                    |1 January 1990                                |
|93/116/EC                                     |31 March 1994[15]                             |
|1999/100/EC                                   |31 December 1999[16]                          |
|2004/3/EC                                     |19 February 2005[17]                          |

                                                                  _____________

                                                                     ANNEX IV

                                                                Correlation Table

|Directive 80/1268/EEC                                                |This Directive                                                       |
|Article 1                                                            |Article 1                                                            |
|Article 2                                                            |Article 2                                                            |
|Article 3                                                            |Article 3                                                            |
|Article 4(1)                                                         |-                                                                    |
|Article 4(2)                                                         |Article 4                                                            |
|-                                                                    |Article 5                                                            |
|-                                                                    |Article 6                                                            |
|Article 5                                                            |Article 7                                                            |
|Annex I                                                              |Annex I                                                              |
|Annex II                                                             |Annex II                                                             |
|-                                                                    |Annex III                                                            |
|-                                                                    |Annex IV                                                             |

                                                                  _____________

                                                             -----------------------
[1]   COM(87) 868 PV.
[2]   See Annex 3 to Part A of the Conclusions.
[3]   [Entered in the legislative programme for … ] [Carried out pursuant to the Communication from the Commission  to  the  European  Parliament
      and the Council – Codification of the Acquis communautaire, COM(2001) 645 final].
[4]   See Annex III, Part A of this proposal.
[5]   OJ C
[6]   OJ C
[7]   OJ L 375, 31.12.1980, p. 36. Directive as last amended by Directive 2004/3/EC of the European Parliament and  of  the  Council  (OJ  L  49,
      19.2.2004, p. 36).
[8]   See Annex III, Part A.
[9]   OJ L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1. Ö Directive as last amended by Commission Directive 2004/104/EC (OJ L 337, 13.11.2004, p. 13) . Õ
[10]  Published as Annex I to Council Decision 97/836/EC of 27 November 1997 (OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p. 78).
[11]  OJ L 275, 20.10.2005, p. 1.
[12]  OJ L 375, 31.12.1980, p. 46.
[13]  This is the mean value of the G20 and G23 reference fuels at 15 °C.
[14]  Repeat for petrol and gaseous fuel in the case of a vehicle that can run either on petrol or on  a  gaseous  fuel.  Vehicles  that  can  be
      fuelled with both petrol and a gaseous fuel, but where the petrol system is fitted for emergency purposes or starting only and of which the
      petrol tank cannot contain more than 15 litres of petrol will be regarded for the test as vehicles which can only run a gaseous fuel.
[15]  In accordance with Article 2 of Directive 93/116/EC:
      ”1. With effect from 1 April 1994, Member States may not on grounds relating to the emission of carbon dioxide or to fuel consumption:
      - refuse, in respect of any given type of motor vehicle, to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval; or
      - prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of vehicles,
      if the emission and consumption figures have been determined to be in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC as amended
      by this Directive.
      2. With effect from 1 January 1996, Member States:
      - shall no longer grant EC type-approval, and
      - may refuse to grant national type-approval,
      for a type of vehicle on grounds relating to the emission of carbon dioxide and to the fuel consumption if the emission and consumption
      figures have not been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as amended by this Directive.
      3. With effect from 1 January 1997, Member States:
      - shall consider certificates of conformity which accompany new vehicles in accordance with the provisions of Directive 70/156/EEC to be no
      longer valid for the purposes of Article 7 (1) of that Directive, and
      - may refuse the registration, sale and entry into service of new vehicles which are not accompanied by a certificate of conformity in
      accordance with Directive 70/156/EEC,
      on grounds relating to the emission of carbon dioxide and to fuel consumption if the emission and consumption figures have not been
      determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as amended by this Directive.”
[16]  In accordance with article 2 of Directive 1999/100/EC:
      ” 1. With effect from 1 January 2000, Member States may not, on grounds relating to the emission of carbon dioxide or to fuel consumption:
      - refuse, in respect of any gi-.‘åT
      U
      ?
      ˜
      Ÿ
      ¦

      *
      6
      <Hov?ˆ‰Œ?­±ôõö;<¸ÓE^ˆŠ‹??“ven type of motor vehicle, to grant EC type-approval pursuant to Article 4(1) of Directive 70/156/EEC, or
      - refuse to grant national type-approval, or
      - prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of vehicles pursuant to Article 7 of Directive 70/156/EEC
      if the emission and consumption figures have been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as amended by
      this Directive.
      2. With effect from 1 January 2000, for vehicles in category M1 as defined in Annex II, Section A, to Directive 70/156/EEC, except vehicles
      of which the maximum mass exceeds 2500 kg, and with effect from 1 January 2001 for vehicles in category M1 the maximum mass of which
      exceeds 2500 kg, Member States:
      - shall no longer grant EC type-approval pursuant to Article 4(1) of Directive 70/156/EEC, and
      - shall refuse to grant national type-approval, except where the provisions of Article 8(2) of Directive 70/156/EEC are invoked,
      for a type of vehicle if the emission and consumption figures have not been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive
      80/1268/EEC, as amended by this Directive.
      3. With effect from 1 January 2001, for vehicles in category M1 as defined in Annex II, Section A, to Directive 70/156/EEC, except vehicles
      of which the maximum mass exceeds 2500 kg, and with effect from 1 January 2002 for vehicles in category M1 the maximum mass of which
      exceeds 2500 kg, Member States:
      - shall consider certificates of conformity which accompany new vehicles in accordance with the provisions of Directive 70/156/EEC to be no
      longer valid for the purposes of Article 7(1) of that Directive, and
      - shall refuse the registration, sale and entry into service of new vehicles which are not accompanied by a certificate of conformity in
      accordance with Directive 70/156/EEC, except where the provisions of Article 8(2) of Directive 70/156/EEC are invoked,
      if the emission and consumption figures have not been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as amended
      by this Directive.”
[17]  In accordance with Article 5 of Directive 2004/3/EC:
      “1. With effect from 19 February 2005 for vehicles of category N1, Member States may not, on grounds relating to CO2 emission or to fuel
      consumption:
      (a) refuse, in respect of any given type of motor vehicle, to grant EC type-approval or national type-approval;
      (b) prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of vehicles pursuant to Article 7 of Directive 70/156/EEC,
      if the CO2 emission and fuel consumption figures have been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as
      amended by this Directive.
      2. With effect from 1 January 2005 for vehicles of category N1, Class I, and with effect from 1 January 2007 for vehicles of category N1,
      Classes II and III, Member States:
      (a) shall no longer grant EC type-approval pursuant to Article 4(1) of Directive 70/156/EEC;
      (b) shall refuse to grant national type-approval, except where the provisions of Article 8(2) of Directive 70/156/EEC are invoked,
      if the CO2 emission and fuel consumption figures have not been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as
      amended by this Directive.
      3. With effect from 1 January 2006 for vehicles of category N1, Class I, and with effect from 1 January 2008 for vehicles of category N1,
      Classes II and III, Member States shall:
      (a) consider certificates of conformity which accompany new vehicles pursuant to Directive 70/156/EEC to be no longer valid for the purpose
      of Article 7(1) of that Directive;
      (b) refuse the registration, sale or entry into service of new vehicles which are not accompanied by a valid certificate of conformity
      pursuant to Directive 70/156/EEC, except where the provisions of Article 8(2) of that Directive are invoked;
      if the CO2 emission and fuel consumption figures have not been determined in accordance with the requirements of Directive 80/1268/EEC, as
      amended by this Directive.
      4. For multistage vehicles of category N1, the dates mentioned in paragraphs 2 and 3 shall be postponed by 12 months.
      5. For the purposes of this Article:
      - a vehicle of category N1, Class I, means an N1 vehicle with a reference mass not exceeding 1305 kg,
      - a vehicle of category N1, Class II, means an N1 vehicle with a reference mass greater than 1305 kg, but not exceeding 1760 kg,
      - a vehicle of category N1, Class III, means an N1 vehicle with a reference mass in excess of 1760 kg.”