CELEX: 51991PC0136
Language: en
Date: 1991-11-15
Title: Proposal for a COUNCIL REGULATION ( EEC ) on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter or killing

No C 314/14                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                    5. 12. 91
              Proposal for a Council Regulation (EEC) on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter
                                                           or killing
                                                         (91/C 314/10)
                                                      COM(91) 136 final
                                     (Submitted by the Commission on 25 November          1991)
 THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                           Whereas the rules should also ensure satisfactory
                                                                    protection, at the time of slaughter or killing, for animals
                                                                    not covered by the Convention;
 Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European
 Economic Community, and in particular Article 43
 thereof,                                                          Whereas Directive 74/577/EEC should therefore be
                                                                    replaced by this Regulation,
 Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
                                                                   HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
 Having regard       to   the  opinion   of   the  European
 Parliament,
                                                                                             CHAPTER I
 Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and                                         General provisions
 Social Committee,
                                                                                               Article 1
Whereas Council Directive 74/577/EEC (*) established                1.    This Regulation shall apply to the movement,
 rules on the stunning of animals before slaughter;                lairaging, restraint, stunning, slaughter and killing of
                                                                   animals for food, skin, fur or other products and for the
                                                                   purpose of disease control.
Whereas the European Convention for the Protection of
Animals for Slaughter was approved on behalf of the
Community by Council Decision 88/306/EEC ( 2 );                    2.     It shall not apply to technical or scientific trials
whereas the scope of the Convention is wider than                  relating to the procedures mentioned in paragraph 1,
existing Community rules on the matter;                            carried out under the supervision of the competent
                                                                   authority, and shall not affect national provisions
                                                                   concerning special methods of slaughter which are
Whereas national laws concerning the protection of                 required for particular religious rites.
animals at the time of slaughter or killing have an impact
on the conditions of competition and accordingly on the
operation of the common market in agricultural                                                 Article 2
products;
                                                                   For the purposes of this Regulation the following defi-
                                                                   nitions shall apply:
Whereas there is, therefore, a need to establish common
minimum standards for the protection of animals at the
time of slaughter or killing in order to ensure rational           1. slaughterhouse: any premises, including facilities for
development of production and to facilitate the                        moving or lairaging animals, used for the commercial
completion of the internal market in animals and animal                slaughter of animals;
products;
                                                                   2. movement: unloading of animals or driving of them
                                                                       from unloading platforms, stalls or pens at slaughter-
Whereas at the time of slaughter or killing animals                    houses to the premises or place where they are to be
should be spared any avoidable pain or suffering;                      slaughtered;
Whereas, however, it is necessary to allow for technical           3. lairaging: keeping animals in stalls, pens, covered
and scientific trials to be carried out and to take account            areas or fields at slaughterhouses in order to give
                                                                       them the necessary attention (water, fodder, rest)
of the particular requirements of certain religious rites;
                                                                       before they are slaughtered;
                                                                   4. restraint: the application to an animal of any
(') OJ No L 316, 26. 11. 1974, p. 10.                                  procedure designed to restrict its movements in order
O OJ No L 137, 2. 6. 1988, p. 25.                                      to facilitate stunning or killing;
 ---pagebreak---  5. 12.91                             Official Journal of the European Communities                            No C 314/15
5. stunning: any process which, when applied to an              2.    Suitable spare equipment and instruments shall be
    animal, rapidly induces a state of unconsciousness          kept at the place of slaughter for emergency use. They
    which lasts until death supervenes;                         shall be properly maintained and inspected regularly.
6. slaughter: causing the death of an animal by bleeding;
                                                                                          Article 7
7. killing: any process which causes the death of an
    animal;                                                      1.   N o person shall engage in the movement, lairaging,
                                                                restraint, stunning, slaughter or killing of animals unless
 8. competent authority: means the central authority of a       he or she has the knowledge and skill necessary to
    Member State responsible for the application of this        perform the tasks humanely and efficiently, in
    Regulation or any authority to which it has delegated       accordance with the requirements of this Regulation. For
    that competence.                                            stunning and killing, the knowledge and skill of the
                                                                person concerned shall be certified by the competent
                                                                authority.
                          Article 3
Animals shall be spared any avoidable excitement, pain
                                                                2.    Rules for the application of this Article shall be
or suffering during movement, lairaging, restraint,
                                                                adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in
stunning, slaughter or killing.
                                                                Article 17.
                        CHAPTER II
                                                                                          Article 8
         Requirements applicable to slaughterhouses             Inspection and supervision of slaughterhouses shall be
                                                                carried out under the responsability of the official veteri-
                          Article 4                             narian, who shall at all times have free access to all parts
                                                                of slaughterhouses in order to ensure that this Regu-
The design, construction, facilities and equipment of           lation is being complied with.
slaughterhouses, and their operation, shall be such as to
ensure compliance with the requirements of this Regu-
lation, in order to spare animals any avoidable
excitement, pain or suffering.                                                         CHAPTER III
                          Article 5                                    Slaughter and killing outside slaughterhouses
 1.    Solipeds, ruminants, pigs, rabbits and poultry for                                 Article 9
slaughter in slaughterhouses shall be:
                                                                1.    Where animals referred to in Article 5 (1) are
(a) delivered, moved and lairaged in accordance with            slaughtered outside slaughterhouses, Article 5 (1) (b),
     the provisions of Annex A;                                 (c), (d) and (2) shall apply.
(b) restrained in accordance with the provisions of
     Annex B;                                                   2.    Member States may permit derogations from
                                                                paragraph 1 in respect of poultry slaughtered or killed by
(c) stunned or killed in accordance with the provisions         a farmer for consumption on the farm. However, the
     of Annex C;                                                provisions of Article 5 (2) remain applicable.
(d) bled in accordance with the provisions of Annex D.
                                                                3.    Where animals referred to in Article 5 (1) are to be
                                                                slaughtered or killed for purposes of disease control, this
2.    The use of the puntilla, hammer or poleaxe is             shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of
prohibited.                                                     Annex E.
                          Article 6
                                                                                         Article 10
1.     Instruments, equipment and installations for
stunning or killing shall be designed, constructed, main-       1.    Animals farmed for their fur shall be killed in
tained and used in such a way as to achieve rapid and           accordance with the provisions of Annex F.
effective stunning or killing in accordance with the
provisions of this Regulation. They shall be inspected at
least daily, before use, to ensure that they are in a good      2.    Surplus chicks and embryos in hatchery waste shall
state of repair.                                                be killed in accordance with the provisions of Annex G.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 314/16                             Official Journal of the European Communities                               5. 12. 91
                          Article 11                              68/361/EEC O ,       hereinafter    referred to  as   'the
                                                                  Committee'.
The provisions of Articles 9 and 10 shall not apply in the
case of an animal which has to be killed immediately for
emergency reasons.                                                                          Article 17
                                                                  Where the procedure laid down in this Article is to be
                          Article 12                              used, the following rules shall apply:
An injured or diseased animal shall not be transported
for slaughter or killing where such transport would cause         The representative of the Commission shall submit to the
aditional suffering to the animal.                                Committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The
                                                                  Committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft within a
                                                                  time limit which the chairman may lay down according
                        CHAPTER IV                                to the urgency of the matter, if necessary by taking a
                                                                  vote.
                       Final provisions
                                                                  The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes; in
                          Article 13                              addition, each Member State shall have the right to ask
                                                                  to have its position recorded in the minutes.
 1.   If necessary, rules for the protection at the time of
slaughter or killing of animals other than those referred         The Commission shall take the utmost account of the
to in Articles 5(1) and 10 shall be adopted in accordance         opinion delivered by the Committee. It shall inform the
with the procedure laid down in Article 17.                       Committee of the manner in which its opinion has been
                                                                  taken into account.
2.    The provisions of the Annexes may be amended in
accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 17.
                                                                                           Article 18
                          Article 14                              1.    Member States shall take the appropriate specific
                                                                  measures to penalize any infringement of this Regulation
 1.   Commission veterinary experts may in collaboration
                                                                  by natural or legal persons.
with the competent authorities, to the extent necessary
for uniform application of this Regulation, carry out
on-the-spot inspections. The Commission shall inform              2.    In the event of repeated contraventions of this
the Member States of the outcome of such inspections.             Regulation, or of a contravention resulting in severe
                                                                  suffering of animals, a Member State may, in addition to
2.    The Member State on whose territory the                     any other sanction imposed, take measures to prohibit
inspections are carried out shall provide the experts with        the person or persons concerned from engaging in the
all the assistance required for the accomplishment of             movement, lairaging, restraint, stunning, slaughter or
their task.                                                       killing of animals for an appropriate period.
3.    Rules for the application of this Article shall be                                   Article 19
adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in
Article 17.                                                       Directive 74/577/EEC is hereby repealed, with effect
                                                                  from 1 January 1993.
                          Article 15
                                                                                           Article 20
Until Community arrangements on imports of food,
skins, furs and other animal products from third
                                                                  This Regulation shall enter into force on the 30th day
countries have been adopted, Member States shall apply
                                                                  following its publication in the Official Journal of the
rules in respect of such imports that must be at least
                                                                  European Communities.
equivalent to those laid down by this Regulation.
                                                                  It shall apply from 1 January 1993.
                          Article 16
The Commission shall be assisted by the Standing                  This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and
Veterinary Committee, set up by Council Decision                  directly applicable in all Member States.
(') OJ No L 255, 19. 10. 1968, p. 23.
 ---pagebreak--- 5. 12. 91                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 314/17
                                                                ANNEX      A
                                  DELIVERY, MOVEMENT AND LAIRAGING O F ANIMALS
           I. General requirements
              1. Every slaughterhouse coming into operation after 1 January 1993 shall have suitable equipment and
                  facilities available for the purpose of unloading animals from means of transport, and all existing
                  slaughterhouses shall have such facilities available before 1 January 1995.
              2. Animals shall be unloaded as soon as possible after arrival. If delay is unavoidable they shall be
                  protected from extremes of weather and provided with adequate ventilation.
              3. Animals naturally hostile to each other on account of their species, sex, age or origin shall be
                  separated from each other.
              4. Animals shall be protected from adverse weather conditions. If they have been subjected to high
                  temperatures in humid weather they shall be cooled by appropriate means.
              5. The condition and state of health of the animals shall be inspected at least every morning and
                  evening.
              6. Sick, injured or unweaned animals shall be slaughtered immediately upon arrival at the slaugh-
                  terhouse. If this is not possible, they shall be separated and shall be slaughtered within two hours.
                  Animals which are unable to walk shall not be dragged to the place of slaughter, but shall be killed
                  where they lie.
          II. Requirements for animals delivered other than in containers
                1. Equipment for unloading animals shall have flooring which will permit a proper foothold and, if
                    necessary, shall be provided with lateral protection. Bridges, ramps and gangways shall have the
                    minimum possible incline. Exit ramps for calves and pigs shall not exceed a slope of 20 degrees.
                2. During unloading care shall be taken not to frighten or excite the animals, and to ensure that they
                    are not overturned on, and cannot fall from, bridges, ramps or gangways. Animals shall not be
                    lifted by the head, horns, ears, feet, tail or fleece. When necessary, they shall be led individually.
                3. Animals shall be moved with care. Passageways shall be so constructed as to minimize the risk of
                    injury to animals, and so arranged as to exploit their gregarious tendencies. Instruments shall be
                    used solely for guidance, and only for short periods. Instruments which administer electric shocks
                    may be used only for bovine animals and pigs which refuse to move, provided that the shocks last
                    no more than two seconds, are adequately spaced out and that the animals have room ahead of
                    them in which to move; such shocks may be applied only to the muscles of the hindquarters.
                4. Animals shall not be struck on, nor shall pressure be applied to, any particularly sensitive part of
                    the body. In particular, animals' tails shall not be curshed, twisted or broken and their eyes shall
                    not be grasped. Blows and kicks shall not be inflicted.
                5. Animals shall not be taken to the place of slaughter unless they can be slaughtered immediately. If
                    they are not slaughtered immediately on arrival they shall be lairaged.
                6. Slaughterhouses shall be equipped with a sufficient number of pens for lairaging of the animals
                    with protection from the effects of adverse weather.
                7. Lairages shall have, in addition to requirements laid down elsewhere in Community rules:
                    — floors which minimize the risk of slipping and which do not cause injury to animals in contact
                         with them,
 ---pagebreak--- No C 314/18                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        5. 12. 91
                   — adequate ventilation, taking into account the extremes of temperature and humidity which may
                        be expected. Where mechanical means of ventilation are required, provision shall be made for
                        emergency facilities in the event of breakdown,
                   — artificial lighting at a level sufficient to permit inspection of all animals at any time,
                   — where necessary, equipment for tethering animals.
                8. Where, in addition to the lairages referred to above, slaughterhouses also have field lairages
                   without natural shelter or shade, some form of protection from adverse weather shall be provided.
                   Field lairages shall be maintained in such condition as to ensure that animals are not subjected to
                   physical, chemical or other health hazards.
                9. Animals which are not taken directly upon arrival to the place of slaughter shall have drinking
                   water available to them from appropriate facilities at all times. Animals which have not been
                   slaughtered within 12 hours of their arrival shall be fed, and shall subsequently be given moderate
                   amounts of food at appropriate intervals.
               10. Animals which are kept for 12 hours or more at a slaughterhouse shall be housed and where
                   appropriate tethered, in such a way that they may lie down without difficulty. Where animals are
                   not tethered, food shall be provided in a way which will permit the animals to feed undisturbed.
          III. Requirements for animals delivered in containers
               1. Containers in which animals are transported shall be handled with care, and shall not be thrown,
                  dropped or knocked over. Where possible, they shall be loaded and unloaded horizontally and
                  mechanically.
               2. Animals delivered in containers with flexible or perforated bottoms shall be unloaded with
                  particular care in order to avoid injury. Where appropriate, animals shall be unloaded from the
                  containers individually.
               3. Animals which have been transported in containers shall be slaughtered as soon as possible;
                  otherwise they shall be watered and fed in accordance with the provisions of point II (9). If they are
                  not slaughtered immediately, the animals shall be protected from adverse weather and provided
                  with adequate ventilation.
                                                              ANNEX     B
                                                    RESTRAINT O F ANIMALS
          1. Animals shall be restrained in an appropriate manner to facilitate their slaughter, and in such a way as
             to spare them all avoidable pain, suffering, agitation, injury or contusions.
          2. Animals' legs shall not be tied, and animals shall not be suspended before stunning or killing Poultry
              may, however, be suspended for slaughtering provided that stunning or killing takes place directly after
             suspension.
          3. Where animals are stunned or killed by mechanical or electrical means applied to the head, they shall be
             restrained individually in such a position that the equipment can be applied and operated easily,
             accurately and for the appropriate time. In the case of solipeds and cattle, suitable means shall be used
             to restrict the movement of the head.
          4. In the case of poultry suspended on a moving line, measures shall be taken to ensure that the birds
             arrive at the stunning point in a sufficiently relaxed state to allow stunning to be carried out effectively.
          5. Electrical stunning equipment shall not be used as a means of restraint or immobilization.
 ---pagebreak--- 5. 12. 91                                 Official J o u r n a l of the E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s                N o C 314/19
                                                                                        i,
                                                                   ANNEX      C
                                              S T U N N I N G OR KILLING O F ANIMALS
           I. Permitted methods
              1. Captive bolt or free bullet.
              2. Concussion.
              3. Electronarcosis.
              4. Exposure to carbon dioxide.
              The methods permitted for each species are:
                                                                1                   2                        3      4
              Solipeds                                         X
              Deer                                             X
              Cattle                                           X                 x 0)                     x 0
              Sheep/Goats                                      X                                             X
              Pigs                                             X                                             X      X
              Poultry                                                                                        X
              Rabbits                                          X                    X                       X
              (') Only for cattle over eight months old
              (2) Only with simultaneous cardiac arrest
          II. Specific requirements
              1. Captive bolt or free bullet
                  A. Instruments shall be positioned so as to ensure that the projectile enters the cerebral cortex. In
                      particular, it shall be prohibited to shoot cattle in the poll position. Sheep and goats may be shot
                      in the poll position if the presence of horns prevents use of the crown position. In such cases the
                      shot shall be placed immediately behind the base of the horns and aimed towards the mouth, and
                      bleeding shall commence within 15 seconds of shooting.
                  B. When using a captive bolt instrument, the operator shall check to ensure that the bolt retracts to
                      its full extent after each shot. If it does not so retract, the instrument shall not be used again until
                      it has been repaired.
              2. Concussion
                  This shall only be permitted using a mechanically-operated instrument which administers a blow to
                  the skull. The operator shall ensure that the instrument is applied to the proper position and that the
                  correct strength of cartridge is used, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, to produce
                  an effective stun without fracture of the skull.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 314/20                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                      5. 12. 91
             3. Electronarkosis
                A. Electrodes shall be placed so that they span the brain and, if it is required in addition to cause
                    cardiac arrest, the heart. In the case of waterbath stunners for poultry, the head shall be
                    immersed.
                B. Where animals are stunned or killed individually, the apparatus shall:
                    (a) incorporate a device which measures the impedance of the load and prevents operation of the
                        apparatus if the minimum required current cannot be passed;
                    (b) incorporate an audible or visible device indicating the length of time of its application to an
                        animal;
                    (c) be connected to a device indicating the voltage and the current under load, positioned so as
                        to be clearly visible to the operator.
                C. The minimum root mean square (rms) current level during stunning shall be for:
                   — adult cattle, 2,5 amp,
                   — pigs, 1,3 amp,
                   — calves, sheep and goats, 1,0 amp,
                   — rabbits, 0,3 amp.
                   In all cases, the correct current level shall be attained within one second and maintained for at
                   least three seconds.
                D. Where broiler chickens are stunned or killed in groups in a water bath, a voltage sufficient to
                   produce a minimum current of 100 milliamps per bird shall be maintained. The birds shall be in
                   contact with the current for at least four seconds. For other poultry, the current shall be such as
                   to ensure that unconsciousness occurs immediately and lasts until the animal has been killed by
                   bleeding.
               E. Appropriate measures, such as removing excess wool or wetting the skin or, in the case of
                   poultry, the shackle-to-leg contact, shall be taken to ensure good electrical contact.
               F. Water baths for poultry shall be adequate in size and depth for the type of bird being
                   slaughtered, and shall not overflow at the entrance. The electrode which is immersed in the water
                   shall extend the length of the waterbath.
            4. Exposure to carbon dioxide
               A. The concentration of carbon dioxide for stunning shall be at least 70 % by volume.
               B. The chamber in which pigs are exposed to the gas, and the equipment used for conveying the
                   pigs through it, shall be designed, constructed, and maintained in such a way as to avoid injury
                   to the pigs and to avoid compression of the chest. Adequate lighting shall be provided in the
                   conveyor and the chamber, to allow pigs to see other pigs or their surroundings.
               C. The chamber shall be fitted with devices for measuring the gas concentration at the point of
                   maximum exposure and for giving a clearly visible and audible warning if the concentration of
                   carbon dioxide falls below the required level.
 ---pagebreak--- 5. 12.91                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                   No C 314/21
                 D. Pigs shall be placed in individual or double pens or containers and shall be conveyed into the gas
                     within 30 seconds. They shall be conveyed as rapidly as possible from the entrance to the point of
                     maximum concentration of the gas and shall be exposed to it for long enough to ensure that they
                     are dead, or at least remain unconscious until they have been killed by bleeding.
                                                              ANNEX     D
                                                    BLEEDING O F ANIMALS
         1. For animals which have been stunned, bleeding shall be started as soon as possible. In the case of
             stunning by captive bolt or free bullet, bleeding or pithing shall be started within one minute after
             stunning.
             When other stunning methods are used bleeding shall be started within 20 seconds after stunning.
         2. All animals shall be bled by incising both carotid arteries or the vessels from which they arise. However,
             when the stunning method used causes cardiac arrest, the incision of all of these vessels shall not be
             obligatory, but in all cases at least one carotid artery shall be incised.
         3. After incision of the blood vessels, no further dressing procedures shall be performed on the animals for
             at least 30 seconds, and in any case until all brain-stem reflexes have ceased.
                                                              ANNEX     E
                                      KILLING M E T H O D S FOR DISEASE C O N T R O L
          I. Permitted methods
              1. Any method permitted in accordance with Annex C.
             2. Injection of an overdose of a drug with anaesthetic properties, which causes an immediate loss of
                 consciousness and death. This method is permitted for all species of animals.
             3. Exposure to gas which, when inhaled, induces deep general anaesthesia and ultimately and certainly
                 causes death. This method is permitted only for poultry. The use of engine exhaust gases is
                 forbidden.
         II. General requirements
              1. If methods are used which do not cause immediate death (for example captive bolt shooting),
                 measures shall be taken to kill the animals as soon as possible and in any case before they recover
                 consciousness.
             2. No other activities with the animals shall start until the competent authority has ensured that the
                 animals are dead.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 314/22                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                  5. 12.91
                                                               ANNEX     F
                                            M E T H O D S O F KILLING FUR ANIMALS
            I. Permitted methods
                1. Mechanically-operated instruments which penetrate the brain.
                2. Injection of an overdose of a drug with anaesthetic properties.
                3. Electro-narcosis with cardiac arrest.
                4. Exposure to carbon monoxide.
                5. Exposure to chloroform.
               The methods permitted for each species are:
                                                         1             2             3               4              5
               Mustelids
                (in particular mink and
               polecats)                                X              X                             X
               Foxes                                    X              X             X
               Chinchilla                               X              X                             X             X
               Coypu                                    X              X
           II. Specific requirements
               1. Mechanically-operated instruments which penetrate the brain
                   A. Instruments shall be positioned so as to ensure that the projectile enters the cerebral cortex.
                   B. This method is permitted only if it is followed by immediate bleeding.
               2. Injection of an overdose of a drug with anaesthetic properties
                   Only those anaesthetics shall be used and only that dose and application which cause immediate loss
                   of consciousness followed by death.
               3. Electronarcosis with cardiac arrest
                   A. Electrodes shall be placed so that they span the brain and the heart.
                   B. The minimum current level used shall lead to immediate loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest.
                      Where electrodes are applied to the mouth and rectum, a minimum root mean square current of
                      0,3 amps shall be applied for at least three seconds.
               4. Exposure to carbon monoxide
                   A. The chamber in which the animals are exposed to the gas shall be designed, constructed and
                      maintained in such a way as to avoid injury to the animals and shall allow supervision of the
                      animals.
                   B. The animals shall be introduced into the chamber only after it has been filled with a concen-
                      tration of carbon monoxide of at least 1 % by volume, supplied by a source of 100 % carbon
                      monoxide.
 ---pagebreak--- 5. 12.91                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                No C 314/23
                 C. The use of engine exhaust gases is forbidden.
                 D. When inhaled the gas shall first induce deep general anaesthesia and shall ultimately and
                     certainly cause death.
                 E. The animals shall remain in the chamber until they are dead.
              5. Exposure to cloroform
                 A. The chamber in which the animals are exposed to the gas shall be designed, constructed and
                     maintained in such a way as to avoid injury to the animals and shall allow supervision of the
                     animals.
                 B. The animals shall be introduced into the chamber only if it contains a saturated chloroform-air
                     compound.
                 C. When inhaled the gas shall first induce deep general anaesthesia and shall ultimately and
                     certainly cause death.
                 D. The animals shall remain in the chamber until they are dead.
                                                           ANNEX G
                       KILLING OF SURPLUS CHICKS AND EMBRYOS IN HATCHERY WASTE
           I. Permitted methods for the killing of chicks
               1. Use of a mechanical apparatus causing rapid death.
               2. Exposure to carbon dioxide gas.
          II. Specific requirements
               1. Use of a mechanical apparatus producing rapid death
                  A. The animals shall be killed by an apparatus which contains rapidly rotating mechanically
                      operated killing blades.
                  B. The capacity of the apparatus must be sufficient to ensure that all animals are killed
                      immediately, even if they are handled in large numbers.
              2. Exposure to carbon dioxide
                  A. The animals shall be placed in an atmosphere with the highest obtainable concentration of CO2,
                      supplied by a source of 100 % CO2.
                  B. The animals shall remain in this atmosphere until they are dead.
         III. Permitted method for the killing of embryos in hatchery waste
              To kill any living embryos instantaneously, all hatchery waste shall be treated by the mechanical
              apparatus mentioned above.