CELEX: 51990PC0164
Language: en
Date: 1990-05-28
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DECISION ADOPTING A SPECIFIC RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN THE FIELD OF NON-NUCLEAR ENERGIES ( 1990-1994 )

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                              C0M(90) 164 final - SYN 269
                                              Brussels, 28 May 1990
.'! .-                            Proposal for a
                                 COUNCIL DECISION
           adopting a specific research and technological development
                 programme in the field of non-nuclear energies
                                    (1990-1994)
                          (presented by the Commission)
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 1 -
                                CONTENTS
                                                    Pafle
Proposal for a Council Decision adopting a
specific research and technological development
programme In the field of non-nuclear energies
(1990-1994)
ANNEX I
Scientific and technical objectives and content      11
ANNEX I I
Indicative breakdown of expenditures                 19
ANNEX I I I
Rules for implementing the programme and activities
for dissemination and exploitation of the results    20
 ---pagebreak---                                    - 2 -
                              Proposal for a
                             COUNCIL DECISION
       adopting a specific research and technological development
              programme in the field of non-nuclear energies
                                 (1990-94)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having   regard   to  the  Treaty   establishing  the European  Economic
Community, and in particular Article 130q (2) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,<1)
In cooperation with the European Par Iiament,<2)
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee,^3^
(1) OJ No C
(2) OJ No C
(3) OJ No C
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 3 -
Whereas by    its Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC ( 4 ) , the Council adopted a
third   framework    programme     for   Community    activities     in the   field   of
research and technological development (1990-94), specifying inter alia
the activities to be pursued           for developing      the scientific     knowledge
and technical     know-how needed by the Community,            in particular      in the
field of non-nuclear energies; whereas this Decision should be taken in
the light of the grounds set out in the preamble to that Decision;
Whereas    Article    130k   of   the   Treaty   stipulates      that   the   framework
programme    is to be    implemented      through specific programmes         developed
wi thin each act iv i ty;
Whereas an estimate should be made of the amount of Community financial
resources    needed    to carry     out   this specific      programme;    whereas   the
definitive amounts will         be fixed by the budgetary          authority    in line
with the financial perspectives covering the period 1988-1992 included
 in the   Inter inst itut ional Agreement      of 29 June 1988(5) and with any
future financial perspectives covering the period 1993-1994-,
Whereas,     pursuant      to     Article     4    and     Annex     I   of    Decision
90/221/Euratom, EEC,        the    amount    deemed     necessary     for   the    whole
framework    programme     includes    an   amount   of   57 million     ecus   for  the
centralized dissemination and exploitation of results, to be divided up
 in proportion    to the amount       envisaged    for each activity; whereas         in
view of the importance of this specific programme within the "Energy"
action the estimate of the financial resources needed by this programme
 is to be reduced by 1.57 million ecus, which amount               is to be allocated
to   the  centralized    activities,       in order    to comply     with   the   second
sentence of Article 130p(2) of the Treaty;
(4) OJ No L 117, 8.5.1990, p.28.
(5) OJ No L 185, 15.7.1988, p.33
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 4 -
Whereas this programme must be implemented by the Commission; whereas
to help    accomplish     this,   the Member    States   are   bound,    pursuant   to
Article 5 of the Treaty, to facilitate the achievement                 of   its tasks
where necessary, notably within a committee-,
Whereas this programme must be implemented essentially by the selection
of research and development          projects to enable     them   to benefit     from
Community   participation; whereas the Commission            should   encourage    the
submission of such projects by the usual means of publishing calls for
proposals   in the Official      Journal; whereas a special procedure should
also be devised so as to maintain a degree of flexibility enabling the
Commission,     in  the    face   of   the  continuous    evolution     and    gradual
acceleration of technological progress, also to take into consideration
spontaneous proposals consistent with the objectives of the programme;
Whereas   the projects to be carried out           under   the programme      must  be
selected with special attention to the principle of economic and social
cohesion in the Community, the transnational nature of the projects and
the support to be given to small and medium-sized enterprises;
Whereas it is only in the light of experience gathered in the course of
this programme     that    the Commission    will   be able    to propose     and  the
Council   to adopt    supplementary     programmes    by having    recourse     to the
means provided     for   in Articles 1301, 130m or 130o of the Treaty, if
they contribute to the achievement of the programme's objectives, in
accordance with the option made available by Article 2(2) of Decision
90/221/Euratom, EEC;
Whereas, in accordance with Article 130g of the Treaty, the Community's
activities    aimed   at    strengthening    the  scientific     and   technological
basis   of   European      industry    and   encouraging     It   to    become    more
competitive include promoting cooperation on research and technological
development    with    third    countries    and   international     organizations;
       - such    cooperation     may   prove  particularly     beneficial     for  the
         jnt of this programme;
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 5 -
Whereas it is necessary, as Annex   II to Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC,
provides, to contribute to the development of new energy options that
are both economically viable and more environmentally friendly;
Whereas the Scientific and Technical    Research Committee  (CREST) has
been consulted,
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 6 -
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
                                     Article 1
A specific    research   and   technological    development     programme    for   the
European  Economic Community       in the field of non-nuclear        energies,     as
defined  in Annex    I, is hereby adopted       for a period of      five years     as
from 1 January 1990.
                                     Art icle 2
1.  The Community funds estimated as necessary for the execution of the
    programme under this Decision amount to 157 million ecus.                Of this
    amount 1.57 million ecus is drawn for the centralized dissemination
    and  exploitation     of   results.   The   amount   thus   reduced   to   155.43
    million    ecus   includes   staff   costs   which  may    not  exceed    7%.   An
     indicative breakdown of expenditure        is set out    in Annex  II.
2.  Should   the Council     take   a decision    in  implementation     of   Article
    1(4)   of    Decision    90/221/Euratom, EEC,      this    Decision    shall    be
    adapted to take account of the above-mentioned decision.
3.  The   budgetary     authority     shall    decide   on     the   appropriations
    available for each financial year.
                                     Art icle 3
Rules for the implementation of the programme are set out             in Annex    III.
                                     Article 4
The rate of the Community financial contribution shall be laid down in
accordance with Annex     IV to Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC.
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 7 -
                                 Article 5
1. During 1992 the Commission shall review the programme and address a
   report on the results of the review to the Council and the European
   Parliament, together with proposals for any necessary changes.
2. At the end of the programme the Commission shall assess the results
   obtained.   It shall address a report thereon to the Council and the
   European Parliament.
3. The reports shall be drawn up having regard to the objectives set
   out in Annex I to this Decision and in accordance with Article 2(4)
   of Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC.
                                 Art icle 6
1. The  Commission   shall   be   responsible     for   the  execution   of  the
   programme.   It   shall   be    assisted    by    an   advisory    Committee,
   hereinafter    referred    to     as   "the     Committee",     composed   of
   representatives     of   the    Member    States      and    chaired   by   a
   representative of the Commission.
2. The contracts concluded by the Commission shall govern the rights
   and  obligations    of  each    party,   including      the  procedures   for
   disseminating, protecting and exploiting          the research results, in
   accordance  with   the arrangements     adopted    pursuant    to the  second
   paragraph of Article 130k of the Treaty.
3. A work programme for each year shall be drawn up and updated where
   necessary.   It shall set out the detailed objectives and types of
   projects  to be undertaken, and       the financial      arrangements   to be
   made for them.    The Commission shall make calls for proposals for
   projects on the basis of the annual work programmes.
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 8 -
                                    Article 7
1. In the cases referred to in Article 8 ( 1 ) , the representative of the
   Commission shall submit to the Committee a draft of the measures to
   be taken. The Committee shall deliver          its opinion on this within a
   time   limit  which     the  Chairman    may  set   in  accordance    with  the
   urgency of the matter, if necessary by holding a vote.
2. The opinion    shall     be entered    in the minutes;      in addition,   each
   Member State shall have the right to ask for Its position to appear
   in the minutes.
3. The   Commission   shall     take   the   fullest   account   of  the   opinion
   delivered   by the Committee.       It shall   inform the Committee of      the
   way in which it has taken account of the opinion.
                                    Article 8
1. The procedure laid down in Article 7 shall apply to:
        the preparation and updating of the work programmes referred to
        in Article 6 ( 3 ) ;
        evaluation of the projects referred to in point 2 of Annex III,
        as well  as the estimated amount of          the Community's     financial
        contribution    when    these   projects   are   submitted   through   the
        ordinary procedure referred to in point 4 of Annex            III and the
        abovementioned amount      is more than 5 million ecus;
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 9   -
         evaluation of all projects submitted       through the exceptional
         procedure referred to in point 4 of Annex III, as well as the
         estimated amount of the Community's financial contribution;
         measures for evaluating     the programme.
2.  The Commission may consult       the Committee   on any matter     falling
    within the scope of the programme.
3.  The Commission shall inform the Committee with regard to;
         the progress of the programme;
         draft calls for proposals, referred to in Article 6 ( 3 ) ;
         projects,   referred   to   in  point 2  of   Annex III,    submitted
         through   the   ordinary   procedure,   for   which   the   Community
         contribution   is less than 5 million ecus, and the results of
         their evaluation;
         accompanying measures, referred to in point 2 of Annex III;
         concerted actions, referred to in point 2 of Annex III.
                                  Article 9
In  Implementing   this programme, supplementary      programmes within    the
meaning   of   Article    1301,   participation   within    the   meaning   of
Article 130m and joint undertakings or any other structures within the
meaning of Article 130o of the Treaty may also be decided on as the
need ar ises.
 ---pagebreak---                                    - 10 -
                               A r t i c l e 10
Where cooperation with third countries and international organisations
aiming at achieving the objectives of this programme            requires legal
undertakings between the Community and the third parties concerned, the
Commission shall be authorized to negotiate, in accordance with Article
130n of the Treaty, international agreements laying down the terms of
such cooperation.
Decisions on the conclusion of such agreements shall            be adopted  in
accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 130q (2) of the
Treaty.
                               Article 11
This Decision is addressed to the Member States.
Done at           ,                          For the Counci I ,
                                             The President
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 11 -
                                                                               Annex I
          SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL OBJECTIVES AND CONTENT
This specific programme fully reflects the approach embodied in the Third Framework
Programme in terms of the scientific and technical goals and the underlying aims which
it pursues.
Paragraph 5A of Annex II of the framework programme forms an integral part of the
present specific programme.
Research into modelling is a horizontal research area which will be carried out to
enable technological strategies to be assessed.
The following presents an analytical description of the content of the programme, based
on and taking account of the above elements.
Area 1. Analysis of strategies and modelling
The aim of the modelling activities is to define energy R&D strategies and to analyse
national or Community policies dealing with energy and environment. The programme
will expand the existing capacity to elaborate energy forecasts and evaluate energy
policies by introducing the new environment and internal market dimensions. It will
develop new concepts not envisaged or inadequately covered by previous activities.
 ---pagebreak---                                          - 12 -
Analysis of strategies
Models will be used to assess the strategic role of energy efficiency at demand and
supply level and renewables towards a reduction of the damaging effect of energy
production and utilization on the environment, emphasis being put on greenhouse gas
emissions, in particular C0 2 . Energy policy options taking into account different
scenarios of C0 2 constraints will be made available.
Development of new methods
This task will consist of conceptual research to account for the impact of the internal
market on the energy system, for the social constraints involved in policy decision
making, for the treatment of uncertainty and for the economic impact of the policies
modelled. New working tools will be tested and made operational for the analysis of
strategies.
Area 2. Minimum emission power production from fossil sources
This research aims at reducing the adverse effects on the environment from the
widespread use of fossil fuels. The following two main lines of activities are planned,
involving experimental work from the outset in the fields of advanced technologies for
energy production and in fixation of COz. Technico-economic evaluation of the several
possible routes will be performed in parallel with development of geophysical methods
and tools. On the basis of the outcome of these technico-economic evaluations, further
experimental work will be performed on the more promising high efficiency power
producing systems with C0 2 capture and on C 0 2 disposal.
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 13 -
Energy production from fossil sources using advanced technologies
The objective is to increase the efficiency of energy production from fossil sources, by
means of advanced technologies. The work will establish the technical feasibility and
the costs - cost per unit kWh produced, capital cost - of these advanced technologies.
The work will contribute to the development of high-efficiency multicycle conversion
systems for electricity production from fossil fuels with a potential efficiency of 50% or
more, as compared to the present 38% level, in order to reduce C 0 2 emissions per kWh
produced and to compensate for energy losses and expenses related to minimum
emission measures. For this purpose the development of fossil fuel combustion with
oxygen and C0 2 recirculation will be studied because of its potential impact on efficiency
and on the limitation of emissions.
Reduction of emissions
The objective is to reduce emissions through the capture and stable disposal of
pollutants. This work comprises two elements: first, technico-economic evaluations and
related engineering studies for minimizing emissions in fossil fuelled power production
systems and in methanol and hydrogen production from fossil fuels. This work could also
be relevant to R&D on catalysts which are used to reduce emissions from fossil fuelled
power stations and from oil refineries. Second, the development of safe and stable
geological disposal for C0 2 in new reservoirs, as well as in spent or operating oil and gas
fields. This will entail research on the interaction of C 0 2 with mineral materials in the
geological sites. COz storage in the ocean depth will also be studied. In support to this
part of the programme, advanced geophysical methods and tools will be developed for
C0 2 storage assessment, hydrocarbons prospection and reservoir engineering. Scrubbing,
absorption or other methods to separate C 0 2 from flue gases with subsequent fixation
of C0 2 will also be studied.
 ---pagebreak---                                           -u-
Area 3. Renewable energy sources
The aim is to accelerate technological readiness and to prepare for early market
integration of all the most promising technical options.       Within a global systems
approach, particular objectives are to increase the conversion efficiency of solar, wind,
hydraulic, biomass and geothermal systems, decrease their costs and improve their
attractiveness to developers, industry and consumers.
The solar house
The objective is to contribute to solar design concepts and photovoltaic integration for
new and old dwellings and buildings. Research will aim at maximizing the use of solar
radiation and ambient heat for heating and power in such buildings, offering improved
living and/or working conditions to the occupants, and employing modular and cost-
effective building elements.
 Emphasis will be on the further development of solar components, heat storage devices
and concepts, and the development and integration of photovoltaic cells and modules.
Design concepts and pilot systems will be developed as part of a broad attempt to
stimulate solar architecture in new and retrofitted buildings and the utilization of new
technologies in architecture at large.
Renewable power plants
The objective is to develop renewable energies for future large scale applications in
electric utility systems, such as the development of grid-connected solar power plants,
wind generators, wave power systems, tidal power schemes and small hydro power
systems, including environmentally acceptable storage and back-up systems e.g. solar
hydrogen and power from biofuels.
 ---pagebreak---                                            - 15 -
Research will be carried out on the optimisation in size and technology of large wind
generators, in order to effect further cost reduction. This will include work on new
materials and components e.g. composite blades, design criteria and eventually a set of
new pilot systems.
Research aimed at optimising grid-connected photovoltaic systems and the associated
components will be carried out. Emphasis will be on further improvement of the
efficiency and cost of solar cells. Work on solar thermal power, wave power and tidal
schemes will be limited to studies and exploratory research.        Analysis work will be
devoted to the combined use of the various renewable power systems in future utility
systems.
Renewable energies for rural electricity, local fuel and water
The objective is, for electricity and water, to provide an integrated approach to rural
development. This will concern stand-alone rural power systems employing photovoltaics
and wind (electrification of remote houses and new agro-industrial enterprises, solar
water pumps, solar sea water desalination, etc.). The development of electricity storage
devices will be a particularly important feature for such off-grid systems. For local fuels,
the use of locally produced biomass residues and energy crops in cost-effective and
environment friendly energy generation systems, on-site or for local networks, will be
further developed. An important aspect will be the combined use of these systems and
integration with other renewables. In particular, the needs of rural zones e.g. in the
Mediterranean member countries of the Community and of some developing countries
will be taken into consideration.
 ---pagebreak---                                            - 16 -
Geothermal energy
The main objective is the selection of a test site and the subsequent development of a
single European prototype hot dry rock system; following site selection, the major task
will be the creation and management of an artificial reservoir based on the pattern of
natural fractures in the basement rock. Scientific studies will focus on fracture location,
reservoir development and management and water-rock interactions.
Corrosion and scaling in conventional high- and low-enthalpy geothermal systems will
also be studied, as will problems related to the reinjection of used fluids, with the
objective of widening the availability of suitable geothermal resources.
In addition, the deep geology of Europe will be studied in order to obtain a better
understanding of the processes which have led to the development of geothermal and
hydrocarbon reservoirs. New techniques of seismic wave generation and processing will
be tested.
Area 4. Energy utilization and conservation
New options in energy conversion
The general aim is to develop highly efficient and clean electrochemical energy
conversion systems for electricity generation, cogeneration, hydrogen and methanol
 production, transport and industrial electrochemical reactors.
As regards large fuel cells for electricity production, cogeneration and ship engines, the
long term goal is the development of MW size solid oxide (SOFC) and molten carbonate
(MCFC) fuel cell plants fired by oil, gas or coal. The objective is to develop fuel cell
plants which, compared with conventional systems, bring about energy savings of 30 to
40% and a 10-100 times lower pollution. Targets are the development of a 20 kW
SOFC prototype plant as a part of a plan aiming at 200 kW cogeneration units for
industry in 1997, and the development of internal and external reforming MCFC
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 17 -
prototype plants of 10 and 100 kW respectively.
Small 20-50 kW methanol and hydrogen fuel cells will be developed for small scale
electricity production and transport.
Research will also be carried out on clean and energy saving production of hydrogen
and methanol with SOFC based technologies, aiming at 40% electricity savings in the
case of hydrogen. Industrial electrochemical reactors for production of chemical
compounds by electrolysis and oxidation will also be considered.
Technologies for energy saving
The goal is to develop and improve technologies which are expected to have a major
impact on heat and electricity savings and on a reduction of pollution. These technologies
should lead to energy savings of 20 -25% in new equipment, buildings and processes.
Current work on energy saving in industry has allowed new goals to be determined. In
particular, process intensification and process integration will be extended to include
environmental aspects. As a result the following priorities have been established in close
collaboration with industry: unit operations e.g. heat exchangers, process intensification,
chemical reactors; process integration leading to energy saving and decreased pollution;
energy conversion equipment such as catalytic combustion, industrial high temperature
heat pumps for heating and refrigeration, addressing also the problem of CFC
substitutes; electricity saving.
Research on energy saving in buildings will include passive cooling, aiming at reducing
the electricity demand for cooling, in particular for southern European countries. New
daylighting techniques will be developed to reduce lighting and cooling requirements.
Work on heat pumps will in future be focused on integration of catalytic combustors
and cheap compact heat exchangers. Aerogel research will be extended to the
development of "smart transparent foam" windows. Air management systems in buildings
will also be considered. New energy saving design systems will be developed to provide
 ---pagebreak---                                              - 18 -
architects with tools to introduce energy saving techniques in the building sector and
urban planning.
Energy efficiency in transport including suitable substitutes for conventional fuels
The aim is to develop advanced technologies which can lead to highly efficient and
clean transport. This area, which will involve the participation of industry, deals with
short, medium and long term research and includes both combustion engines and fuel
cell and battery driven electric vehicles. It is complementary to transport activities carried
out in the Industrial and Materials Technologies programmes.
As a follow-up to past work on the optimization of combustion engines, research will
include: advanced petrol engines such as lean burn, two stroke and stratified charge
engines; catalyst exhaust systems and their integration and optimization with the engine;
continued basic combustion research; internal combustion engines using clean fuels
(hydrogen, methanol, compressed natural gas (CNG), fuels from biomass). Research on
Diesel engines will be focused on energy efficiency and on the reduction of soot and
particulate formation to levels which will be required in the future. (Follow-up to IDEA -
Integrated Diesel European Action).
Research on hydrogen fuelled polymer fuel cells and their integration in electric vehicles
aims at achieving efficiencies of 60-65% (3-4 times better than petrol engines). In order
to allow the use of methanol and methane in such electric vehicles, compact and cheap
methanol and methane reformers will be developed. Another research route will aim at
the use of fuel cells which directly oxidize methanol while not requiring a reformer.
Work will be focused on scaling up to lkWh by 1994.
Research will aim at scaling up new solid Li batteries with polymer electrolytes to 20
kWh and at their integration into electric vehicles, in order to achieve a range of 300
km on one charge.
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 19 -
                                                                           Annex II
                INDICATIVE BREAKDOWN OF EXPENDITURES
in %, for the period 1990-1994
Area 1. Analysis of strategies and modelling                      5-7
Area 2. Minimum emission power production from fossil sources 20 - 30
Area 3. Renewable energy sources                                30 - 40
Area 4. Energy utilization and conservation                     30 - 40
The breakdown between different areas does not exclude the possibility that projects
could cover several areas.
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 20 -
                                                                           Annex III
                   Rules for Implementing the Programme
   and Activities for Dissemination and Exploitation of the Results
1.  The Commission shall     implement the programme on the basis of the
    scientific and technical content described in Annex I.
2.  The rules for implementing the programme, referred to In Article 3,
    comprise   research     and    technological       development     projects,
    accompanying measures and concerted actions.
    The  projects   shall   be  the subject     of   shared-cost   research   and
    technological development contracts.
    The accompanying measures consist of applying the means to ensure
    proper   technical   execution,    management     and   evaluation    of  the
    programme, as well as adequate dissemination and accessibility of
    the results, and coordination, training and consciousness-raising
    of the participants in the programme.
    The   concerted    actions   are    those    defined     in  the    Financial
    Regulation.
3.  The participants in the projects must be natural or legal persons
    established   in   the   Community,    such    as  universities,     research
   organizations and      industrial  firms,     including   small  and   medium-
    sized enterprises, or associations thereof, in particular            European
    Economic Interest Groupings (EElGs).
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 21 -                                - 21 -
   Natural    or    legal   persons    established      In  countries    which     have
   concluded agreements with the Community              foreseeing scientific and
   technical     research,      may,   based     on    the  criterion     of    mutual
   advantage, take part        in the projects undertaken        in the context of
   this programme.       The contracting      parties under     such    arrangements
   shall not benefit from Community funding. They shall contribute to
   the general administrative costs.
4. The   choice    of   projects    shall   be   carried   out   according     to   the
   following order of priority, the first method being the rule, the
   second the exception:
   The participants in the projects shall be selected on the basis of
   the   ordinary     procedure    of   calls    for   proposals    referred     to  In
   Article 6 (3) and published in the Official Journal of the European
   Commun it les.
   The    Commission      may    also   accept      proposals   according       to   an
   exceptional      procedure    and  under    the conditions mentioned         below,
   when     they     make    a    particularly       promising    and    significant
   contribution as regards the originality of the theme proposed, the
   novelty     of    the    scientific     and    technical    approach      and    the
   methodology of execution, also taking              into account   the particular
   nature of the proposers.
   A favourable technical         evaluation of such proposals shall           not by
    itself be a sufficient justification for accepting a project; this
   exceptional     procedure may only apply after verification               that   the
   nature of the project, as defined above, does not Justify the use
   of the normal procedure for calls for proposals.
   The exceptional       procedure must      be completed     before   the ordinary
   procedure      in   such   a   way   that    the   available    amount    for    the
   Community's      financial    participation      in projects    retained    by   the
   ordinary procedure can be determined precisely. The closing                     date
   for the exceptional procedure shall be published each year                   In the
   Official Journal.
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 22 -
   The amount of the financial participation of the Community for all
   the projects retained by the exceptional procedure will be decided
   each  year,   in relation    to  the    projects  selected   according   to
   particularly   strict   criteria    of  excellence.    In any   case,  this
   amount may not exceed 15%; it may be revised each year in the light
   of experience.
   The Commission shall draw up a vade mecum setting out all the rules
   applicable to this exceptional procedure In order to guarantee full
   transparency.
5. The  projects   must   provide   for   participation    by  at   least  two
   mutually   independent   partners     established   in   different   Member
   States.
6. The Commission may encourage the participants to form a European
   Economic  Interest Grouping (EEIG) or make other arrangements for
   carrying out projects, such as those on a large scale, permitting
   decentralized management     adapted to the specific requirements of
   the project.
7. The knowledge acquired during the course of the projects shall be
   disseminated on the one hand within the specific programme and on
   the other hand by means of a centralized activity, pursuant to the
   decision  referred    to  in   the   third   paragraph   of  Article 4   in
   Decision 90/221/Euratom, EEC.
 ---pagebreak---                              FINANCIAL STATEMENT
1. BUDGET HEADING AND TITLE
   Part B of the general budget
   Subsection 6, Item 6231
   Specific research and technological development programme in the field of Non-
   nuclear energies (1990 - 1994V
2. LEGAL BASE
   Article 130 Q(2) of the Treaty.
3. OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION
   See Annex I of the proposal.
4. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS
   Amounts in ECU million:
       Programme implementation                            155.43
       Centralised action for dissemination
       and exploitation                                        1.57
       TOTAL                                               157.00
   The indicative operational breakdown of the ECU 155.43 million for the programme
   implementation is given in Annex II of the proposal.
 ---pagebreak--- Indicative multiannual schedules:
                      1990   1991   1992    1993   19941  TOTAL
Commitments            -      38    32.29    65    20.14   155.43
Payments               --     16     32      45    62.43   155.43
The definitive yearly amounts will be determined by the budgetary authority in
accordance with the financial perspectives for the period 1990-1992 (annexed to the
Interinstitutional Agreement of 29 June 1984) and with subsequent               financial
perspectives which may be adopted for 1993 and 1994.
5. STAFF AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENDITURE
In addition to the principal means of action which are contracts (annex III), the above
amounts include programme-related staff and administrative expenditure estimated at
no more than 18 MioECUS.
The expenditure on staff will not exceed 7% of the amount deemed necessary for the
programme implementation. This implies a maximum of 36 statutory posts (A, B and/or
C) at any given time during the life of the programme. The infrastructure costs related
to statutory staff will be borne by Part A of the budget.
6. IMPLICATIONS FOR REVENUE
The contributions by third country contractors towards the cost of administration of the
programme will be reused pursuant to articles 27.2 and 96 of the Financial Regulation2.
     1
        for the payment appropriations: 1994 and beyond
     2
        Financial Regulation of 21 December 1977, as last amended by Regulation
        610/90 of March 1990
 ---pagebreak--- 7. TYPES OF CONTROL
Control will be exercised by:
- the Programme Management Committee (scientific control);
- the services of the DG reponsible for the execution of the programme, possibly
   assisted by independent experts;
- the Commission's Financial Controller.
In accordance with Article 2 of the Financial Regulation2, the use of appropriations will
be subject to analyses of cost-effectiveness and the realisaiton of quantified objectives
will be monitored.
External audit may be carried out by the Court of Auditors in accordance with the
Treaty.
        Financial Regulation of 21 December 1977, as last amended by Regulation
        610/90 of March 1990
 ---pagebreak---                                    HCHK DK l/IMPACr
                         SUR IA COMPETITIVITE FT l/EMPl.Ol
 1. Justification en faveur de la proposition
La proposition de programme est soumise pour la mise en oeuvre de la partie "Energies
non nucléaires" du troisième programme cadre pour des actions communautaires de
recherche et de développement technologique (1990-1994).
Un des objectifs du programme est de contribuer à l'amélioration de la capacité et de
la compétitivité des industries de la Communauté dans le domaine des techniques et dts
technologies énergétiques.
2. Caractéristiques des entreprises concernées
La participation au programme est d'autant plus largement ouverte au secteur industriel
que le développement de certaines technologies est plus de la compétence des industries
- y compris' les PME - que du ressort des universités et des centres de recherche. Une
combinaison de ces différentes entités est d'ailleurs recherchée pour l'exécution de
projets spécifiques qui constituent le programme. Les entreprises peuvent être de toute
nature et de toutes dimensions, y compris les petites et moyennes entreprises. Leurs
intérêts résideront principalement dans le développement de technologies, procédés,
composants et équipements nouveaux ou améliorés en matière d'énergies fossiles et
renouvelables et d'utilisation et maîtrise de l'énergie.
 ---pagebreak--- 3. Obligations imposées directement aux entreprises
M s'agit des mêmes obligations qui sont imposées à tous les institutions participant au
programme, à savoir: conformité de la recherche proposée à l'annexe technique du
programme, partage des frais (en règle générale à 50%), coopération transnationale,
libre accès des sites aux agents de la Commission, participation à des séminaires et à
des réunions de contractants organisés par la Commission, rapports annuels d'activités
et des résultats.
4. Obligations indirectes susceptibles d'être imposées aux entreprises par les autorités
     nationales, régionales ou locales
Aucunes.
5. Dispositions relatives aux PME
Pour la mise en oeuvre du présent programme, l'exécution de projets innovatifs de
petites et moyennes entreprises sera encouragé plus particulièrement. Souvent incapables
d'entreprendre à elles seules de longues et difficiles recherches, ces entreprises
dépendent des résultats de la recherche-développement financée en partie par des fonds
publics.
La dissémination de l'information relative aux résultats de la recherche et du
développement, et tout particulièrement à l'intention des PME, sera mise au premier
rang des priorités.
 ---pagebreak---   s frtcidcna probable sur:
     a) la comj -titiviié des entreprises
     Ce prograt me ne devrait pas avoir d'effet immédiat sur la compétitivité des
     entreprises Toutefois, il pourrait avoir divers effets à court et moyen termes et de
     nombreux effets à long terme - voir point 1.
     b) Temp' >i
     Les ré oltats des recherches couvertes par le programme et le stade de
     l'indus ialisation relèvent du moyen et long termes de sorte que les effets sur
     Tempi i sont difficiles à estimer sauf en ce qui concerne le maintien ou l'embauche
    du personnel de recherche directement impliqué.
7. Cons îltations des organisations représentatives
Le Cor é consultatif (CAN) pour le programme "Energies non nucléaires" en cours et
un grot e d'experts désignés par le CREST ont émis leurs avis. Le Comité économique
et social >st consulté sur la proposition de la Commission à l'occasion de la soumission
du progr* mme au Conseil pour décision.
 ---pagebreak---  ---pagebreak---                                                                                 ISSN 0254-1475
                                                                 COM(90) 164 final
                                                      DOCUMENTS
EN                                                                                       12 16
                                  Catalogue number : CB-CO-90-247-EN-C
                                                               ISBN 92-77-60781-5
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