CELEX: 52013PC0768
Language: en
Date: 2013-11-06
Title: Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder

EUROPEAN COMMISSION
            Brussels, 6.11.2013
            COM(2013) 768 final
            2013/0376(NLE)
            Ratification of the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
            Proposal for a
            COUNCIL DECISION
            on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            
               
         
         
            
               EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM
            
            
               1.CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL
            
            
               In December 2012, at the Doha Climate Change Conference, the 192 Parties to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change adopted an amendment to the Kyoto Protocol
                  1
               . This ‘Doha Amendment’ establishes a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol, starting on 1 January 2013 and ending on 31 December 2020, with legally binding emission reduction commitments for the Parties listed in its Annex B.
            
            
               The agreement on the Doha Amendment came as part of a broader package. Apart from the 38 Parties covered under the second commitment period, more than 60 other countries, including the United States, China, India, South Africa and Brazil, have now pledged mitigation action under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (“the Convention”). This brings the total share of global emissions covered by international mitigation commitments under both the Kyoto Protocol and the Convention to more than 80 %. A further essential element of this broader package is the consensus of Parties to the Convention, no later than 2015, to ‘adopt a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties’, which should come into effect and be implemented from 2020
                  2
               .
            
            
               Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol allows Parties to fulfil their commitments jointly. The European Union and the fifteen Parties that were Member States when the Kyoto Protocol was signed in 1997 chose to do so for the first commitment period (2008-12), and accordingly ratified the Protocol in 2002.
                  3
                The Doha Amendment and the statement of the European Union and its Member States upon its adoption
                  4
                state that the European Union and its Member States again intend to fulfil their reduction targets under the second commitment period jointly. Moreover, the European Union and its Member States also expressed their intention to fulfil their commitments in the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol jointly with Iceland. The integration of Iceland in this group of Parties fulfilling their respective commitments jointly follows a request to this effect from Iceland in June 2009. The Council, at its meeting on 15 December 2009, welcomed this request and invited the Commission to present a recommendation for the opening of the necessary negotiations with Iceland.
                  5
                The Commission presented its recommendation to the Council in June 2013.
            
            
               Under the Doha Amendment, the European Union, its Member States and Iceland commit to limit their average annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the years 2013 to 2020 to 80 % of their base year emissions (mostly 1990
                  6
               ). This commitment is based on the emission reduction targets laid down in the climate and energy package adopted in 2009, in particular the EU’s Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and the Effort Sharing Decision
                  7
               . The commitment was determined taking into account the differences in scope between European Union legislation and the Kyoto Protocol’s second commitment period
                  8
               . This approach is in line with the Council conclusions in March 2012, which stated that the joint commitment of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland should be based on the climate and energy package, but also that the emission reduction obligations of individual Member States in the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol ‘shall not exceed their obligations agreed in European Union legislation’. This approach was followed in the submission by the European Union and its Member States on their commitment under a second commitment period in April 2012.
                  9
               
            
            
               European Union legislation to meet the 80 % target by 2020 is already in place. Extended impact assessments on the economic implications for each Member State were presented at the time of its adoption and have also been updated to take into consideration the impact of the economic and financial crisis.
                  10
                Therefore, the European Union and its Member States agreed in Doha to the immediate implementation of their commitments and responsibilities related to the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol as of 1 January 2013. Moreover, the European Union is on track to meet its 2020 target. The latest GHG inventory shows that 2011 emissions in the 27 Members States were 18.4 % below the level of 1990 (excluding land use, land-use change and forestry and use of flexible mechanisms)
                  11
               . Adjusted for the differences in scope and coverage of the Kyoto Protocol and assuming a 1990 base year for Cyprus and Malta, the actual reduction in emissions in 2011 compared to emissions in the Kyoto base year would be slightly more than the 20 % reduction required during the second commitment period. Based on most recent Member States’ projections of GHG emissions and assuming the implementation of policies and measures currently in place, the European Environment Agency has indicated a moderate further decrease in emissions by 2020, with a total reduction of approximately 19 % below 1990 levels by 2020.
                  12
                This confirms that the European Union is projected to meet its second commitment period target with policies and measures currently in place. The EU’s offer to move to 30 % does however remain on the table. In addition, discussions are ongoing about the most cost-effective trajectory for the European Union to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 80-95 % in 2050, including the target for 2030. 
            
            
               The formal entry into force of the Doha Amendment is an important objective for the European Union. This requires 144 of the 192 Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, including the European Union and its Member States, to deposit their instruments of acceptance. This proposal for a Council Decision on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment will enable the European Union to do so. In addition to ratification by the European Union, Member States will also need to finalise their own ratification processes. In line with common practice, after their respective ratification procedures, the European Union and its Member States will simultaneously deposit their instruments of acceptance to enable simultaneous entry into force for all of them. This should take place well before the Paris Climate Change Conference at the end of 2015.
            
            
               2.THE  AMENDMENT
            
            
               The Doha Amendment lays down mitigation commitments for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol for countries listed in Annex B to the Protocol. In addition, it makes further amendments to the text of the Protocol to be implemented in the second commitment period. Most of these amendments simply enable the implementation of the new mitigation commitments, but there are also some provisions that entail changes in substantive obligations. These concern the inclusion of a new gas - nitrogen trifluoride (NF3); two provisions related to the ambition of Parties’ commitments for the second commitment period (the so-called ‘ambition mechanism’); and a new Article 3(7ter).
            
            
               Mitigation commitments for the second commitment period in Annex B
            
            
               The Doha Amendment provides for an amended table in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol which contains a third column setting out legally binding mitigation commitments for the second commitment period in the form of quantified economy-wide emission limitation or reduction commitments (QELRC). Thirty eight Parties to the Kyoto Protocol have listed a percentage of their base year or period emissions as their QELRC in the third column of the table in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol. This includes four Parties that did not to date have a Kyoto target (Cyprus, Malta, Kazakhstan and Belarus). The United States was removed from Annex B, as it never ratified the Protocol. Canada is no longer a Party to the Kyoto Protocol following its withdrawal, which became effective on 12 December 2012. Japan, New Zealand and the Russian Federation remain Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, but did not assume a second commitment period target. They are now listed, together with Canada, in a separate section in Annex B.
            
            
               The 80 % target listed for the European Union and its Member States in Annex B is accompanied by a footnote that clarifies that these commitments are based on the understanding that they will be fulfilled jointly by the European Union and its Member States. The 80 % targets of Croatia and Iceland are likewise accompanied by footnotes clarifying that they will fulfil their targets jointly with the European Union and its Member States.
            
            
               Addition of Nitrogen Trifluoride (NF3)
            
            
               The list of GHGs covered by the Kyoto Protocol, contained in its Annex, is extended with the addition of one gas: nitrogen trifluoride (NF3). NF3 is a potent GHG; its emissions are currently only very small, but rising, and it has a global warming potential of 17 200 (one tonne of NF3 emitted into the atmosphere is equivalent to 17 200 tonnes of carbon dioxide).
            
            
               Article 3(1quater): ambition mechanism
            
            
               The Doha Amendment provides for a simplified procedure, in a new Article 3(1quarter), which allows a Party to adjust its commitment by increasing its ambition during a commitment period. Previously, such an adjustment would be treated as an amendment to Annex B to the Protocol which requires consensus among all Parties to the Protocol for its adoption and ratification by three-fourths of the Parties for its entry into force. Following the Doha Amendment the process for increasing ambition has become much easier. An increase in ambition proposed by a Party in relation to its own target is considered adopted unless more than three-fourths of Parties object. Moreover, it no longer requires ratification for its entry into force.
            
            
               Article 3(7ter): adjustment of assigned amounts
            
            
               The Doha Amendment automatically cancels the assigned amount units of a Party if and to the extent that its assigned amount for the second commitment period exceeds its average emissions in the first three years of the preceding commitment period, multiplied by eight (the number of years in the second commitment period). This means that the Doha Amendment automatically adjusts a Party’s target to prevent an increase in its emissions for the period 2013 to 2020 beyond its average emissions for the years 2008 to 2010.
            
         
         
            
               3.The proposed Council Decision
            
            
               This proposal for a Council Decision provides the basis for the conclusion of the Doha Amendment by the European Union and sets out the terms of the joint fulfilment of the commitments by the European Union, its Member States and Iceland.
            
            
               The draft decision
            
            
               The proposal for the Decision confirms that the European Union and its Member States will fulfil their commitments jointly, including with Iceland (Article 2), and clarifies responsibilities for submitting reports to facilitate the calculation of assigned amounts by the Commission and the Member States (Article 3). In addition, it contains standard provisions on the responsibilities for depositing the instrument of acceptance of the Doha Amendment with the United Nations (Article 4), and on the joint deposition of the instruments of acceptance (Article 5(1)). Importantly, it requires Member States to take the necessary steps to complete their domestic ratification processes not later than 16 February 2015, as far as possible (Article 5(2)), and requires Member States to inform the Commission of the probable date of completion of the relevant procedures by 15 September 2014 (Article 5(3)).
            
            
               The proposed Decision also contains two Annexes and an attachment. The attachment provides the full text of the Doha Amendment, as adopted in Doha and notified to Parties on 21 December 2012.
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                An overview of key provisions in the Doha Amendment is provided in section 2 above. Annex I contains the ‘Notification of the terms of the agreement to fulfil the commitments of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol jointly’, as required by Article 4(2) of the Protocol (‘notification of the terms of joint fulfilment’). Annex II contains an updated declaration of competence by the European Union, to be made in accordance with Article 24(3) of the Kyoto Protocol.
            
            
               The notification of the terms of joint fulfilment (Annex I)
            
            
               The notification of the terms of joint fulfilment in Annex I consists of three sections. The first section describes the members of the agreement as the European Union, its Member States and Iceland. The second section establishes how the members of the agreement will fulfil their commitments. The third section sets out the respective emission levels allocated to the Members of the agreement.
            
            
               Joint fulfilment of the commitments under Article 3 of the Protocol
            
            
               Article 4(2) of the Kyoto Protocol requires the Parties to a joint fulfilment agreement to notify the Convention secretariat of the terms of the agreement to fulfil jointly their commitments under Article 3. Section 2 of the joint fulfilment agreement describes in detail how these commitments under Article 3 of the Protocol, and any choices to be made thereunder, apply for the second commitment period. For all of the provisions that already applied during the first commitment period, the proposal continues the approach chosen by the European Union and the fifteen Member States that were part of the joint fulfilment agreement for the first commitment period. This includes the application of Article 3(3) and (4) of the Protocol at Member State level, the base year for the European Union being the sum of base year choices of the Member States, and the exclusion of international aviation (i.e. flights between Member States and flights between Member States and third countries) in line with the provisions of the Convention and the Protocol. The text in section 2 clarifies this. In addition, it also describes how Article 3(1quater) - the ambition mechanism - and Article 3(7ter) apply for the second commitment period.
            
            
               Article 3(1quarter): the ambition mechanism
            
            
               The Doha Amendment provides for a simplified procedure, in a new Article 3(1quarter) that allows a Party to adjust its commitment by increasing its ambition during a commitment period. Annex I to the draft ratification Decision clarifies that each Member State may individually decide to increase the level of ambition by cancelling relevant Kyoto units. A formal increase in ambition of the joint commitment of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland, and a resulting decrease in the joint assigned amount, can only be done jointly.
            
            
               Article 3(7ter): adjustment of assigned amounts
            
            
               The new Article 3(7ter) requires a Party’s commitment for the second commitment period to be at least at the level of its average emissions for the years 2008 to 2010, and automatically strengthens targets that would otherwise allow emissions to increase above that average. The European Union, its Member States, Croatia and Iceland declared upon the adoption of the Doha Amendment that ‘Article 3(7ter) will be applied to the joint assigned amount pursuant to the agreement on joint fulfilment by the European Union, its Member States, Croatia and Iceland and will not be applied to the European Union, its Member States, Croatia or Iceland individually.’
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               As the application of Article 3(7ter) to the European Union, its Member States and Iceland jointly is a fundamental assumption in the Union’s decision to ratify, it forms an integral part of the definition and ambition of the Union’s commitment. Annex I of the draft ratification Decision therefore explicitly states that, as part of application of commitments under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol to the European Union, the Member States and Iceland, the calculation pursuant to Article 3(7ter) of the Protocol applies to the joint assigned amount of the second commitment period and the sum of the average annual emissions of the members for the years 2008 to 2010 multiplied by eight. 
            
            
               An indicative estimate of the joint assigned amount for the second commitment period, based on currently available base year data and still applying global warming potentials of the second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), would translate into an average annual assigned amount of approximately 4632 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) GHG emissions. The most recently reported average annual emissions of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland for the years 2008 to 2010 are 4782 million tonnes. Article 3(7ter) of the Protocol is therefore not expected to result in the automatic cancellation of assigned amount units for the European Union, its Member States and Iceland (see table).
            
            
               Table: Application of Article 3(7ter) in the European Union and Iceland*
            
            
                     
                        Base year emissions**
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        GHG emissions 2008
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        GHG emissions 2009
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        GHG emissions 2010
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Average GHG emissions 2008, 2009 and 2010
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Estimated annual average assigned amount 2013-2020
                     
                  
               
                     
                        5 790
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        4 989
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        4 623
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        4 734
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        4 782
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        4 632
                     
                  
               
                     
                        * Based on 2013 inventory data and global warming potentials of the IPCC’s Second Assessment Report
                     
                     
                        ** Assuming 1990 as base year for Cyprus and Malta
                     
                     
                        All figures in Mt CO2-eq.
                     
                  
               
               Respective emission levels allocated to the members to the agreement
            
            
               A common emission level for the EU ETS
            
            
               Section 3 of Annex I describes how the respective emission levels are allocated to the European Union, its Member States and Iceland. This reflects the approach taken in the climate and energy package:
            
         
         
            
               –A common emission level is defined for emissions from sectors and gases listed in Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol that are also covered by the EU ETS (i.e. included in Annex I to the EU ETS Directive and taking into account the application of its Articles 24 and 27)
            
            
               –Emissions from sectors and gases listed in Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol that are not covered by the EU ETS and removals from sources covered by the Kyoto Protocol will be covered by the emission levels from individual Member States and Iceland.
            
            
               This approach is different from that chosen for the first commitment period, where individual commitments identified for each Member State covered the full extent of their economy-wide emissions. This is because of the changes agreed in the climate and energy package, as of 1 January 2013, under which the EU ETS no longer operates through individual Member State targets and national allocation plans. It is implemented through a single Union-wide quantity of allowances or ‘'cap’ and a harmonised system for the allocation of emission allowances through auction and transitional free allocations. Under this system it is not possible ex ante to assign accurately shares of the EU ETS to individual Member States in the joint fulfilment agreement. The shift to auctioning - to promote economic efficiency, avoid windfall profits and to promote solidarity and growth - as the default method for allocating emission allowances is the primary reason for this. Other reasons include the impossibility to determine ex ante the actual allocation of EU ETS allowances to new entrants, and possible changes to the list of sectors and subsectors deemed exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage.
            
            
               As indicated above, international aviation is not covered under the common emission level for the EU ETS as it is not included in Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol.
            
            
               Emission levels for the   and 
            
            
               Emissions in sectors included in the Kyoto Protocol that are not covered by the EU ETS will continue to be covered by emission levels set for individual Member States and Iceland. The difference with the first commitment period is that these emission levels are no longer presented as a reduction percentage compared to base year emissions, but as an absolute figure. This absolute figure, expressed in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) is listed for each Member State in table 1 of Annex I. The figure for Iceland will be included upon the conclusion of a bilateral agreement with Iceland on the joint fulfilment of its commitment with the European Union and its Member States. The figure for individual Member States are equal to the sum of each Member State’s Annual Emissions Allocation (AEA) under the Effort Sharing Decision for the years 2013 to 2020. This is calculated on the basis of the global warming potential values from the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report, as set out in Annex II to Commission Decision 2013/162/EU
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                and adjusted by [AEA update Decision – C(2013)7183]. This is further adjusted by the results of the application of Article 3(7bis) of the Kyoto Protocol
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               .
            
            
               Nitrogen Trifluoride (NF3)
            
            
               The Doha Amendment includes NF3 in the scope of the Kyoto Protocol. This inclusion was anticipated in the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation
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               , which requires the monitoring and reporting of NF3 emissions. NF3 emissions are however not covered under the EU ETS or the Effort Sharing Decision, and so they are not part of Member State targets under European Union legislation. As aggregate emissions of NF3 in the Union are insignificant, the April 2012 submission of the European Union and its Member States to the Convention on its Kyoto Protocol commitment assumed these to be zero.
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                This proposal for a Council Decision requires Member States to account for those emissions against the assigned amount of the Member State in which those emissions take place. 
            
            
               Land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF)
            
            
               Article 3(3) and (4) of the Kyoto Protocol include emissions from land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) in the Kyoto Protocol. The implementing rules agreed under the Kyoto Protocol, revised at the Durban Climate Change conference, require Parties with a commitment to account for emissions and removals from afforestation, reforestation and deforestation, as well as from forest management, as part of their commitment in the second commitment period. In addition, Parties may choose to account for emissions from cropland and grazing land management. While Parties are required to account for LULUCF emissions towards their commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, this is not the case in the European Union, where emissions from the LULUCF sector are included neither in the EU ETS nor in the Effort Sharing Decision. However, in May 2013, the European Parliament and Council did adopt Decision 529/2013/EU which establishes accounting rules on GHG emissions and removals resulting from activities relating to LULUCF and on information concerning actions related to those activities.
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                This legislation brings the European Union LULUCF reporting into line with the Kyoto Protocol requirements.
            
            
               Although emissions from individual Member States in the LULUCF sector are hard to project, estimates have shown that the LULUCF sector for the Union as a whole is likely to provide net LULUCF credits of around 1 % of European Union base year emissions
                  20
               . The April 2012 submission of the European Union and its Member States to the Convention on its Kyoto Protocol commitment therefore assumed LULUCF emissions for the Union as a whole to be zero.
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               In line with Member States’ responsibility for forestry policy and given the absence of European Union targets for the LULUCF sector, Member States will need to account for LULUCF emissions and removals, to the extent that these are covered under the Protocol, against their individual emission levels. The inclusion of the LULUCF sector in the emission levels of Member States and Iceland is based on the assumption that no net emissions or removals occur in that sector. Any such emissions can, however, be compensated through over-performance in other sectors not covered under the EU ETS: through use of the Kyoto Protocol’s flexible mechanisms and through the use of surplus emission rights carried over from the first commitment period held in that Member State’s previous period surplus reserve (PPSR).
            
            
               The Commission will closely monitor emissions and removals from the LULUCF sector in Member States. Should it become apparent that individual Member States face unexpected significant LULUCF emissions, even when implementing robust policies to limit them, the Commission will consider proposing a mechanism to assist those Member States affected.
            
            
               The Council, in its March 2012 conclusions, acknowledged the particularities of richly-forested countries, especially as regards the limited possibilities to cover emissions from afforestation, reforestation and deforestation with growing forest management sinks.
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                The Commission will continue to explore options with a view to finding a satisfactory solution that ensures environmental integrity.
            
            
               Determining emission levels and assigned amounts
            
            
               The Kyoto Protocol requires commitments to be translated into an assigned amount, which reflects the authorised amount of emissions, in tonnes of CO2-eq, during a commitment period. This proposal for a Council Decision provides that the assigned amounts of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland are equal to the respective emission levels that are defined in section 3 of its Annex I.
            
            
               This proposal also provides for a joint assigned amount of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland, which reflects the joint quantified emission reduction commitment of 80 % of base year emissions. As determined by the relevant provisions of the Kyoto Protocol, the joint assigned amount will be calculated by multiplying the sum of base year emissions of the Member States and Iceland by 80 % (the joint commitment) and eight (the duration of the commitment period in years).
            
            
               The joint assigned amount provides the basis for determining the individual assigned amounts of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland as follows:
            
            
               –The respective assigned amount of each Member State and Iceland is the sum of the respective emission level as listed in table 1 of Annex I to the proposed Council Decision and the application of Article 3(7bis) of the Kyoto Protocol for that Member State or Iceland.
            
            
               –The assigned amount of the European Union is the difference between the joint assigned amount, and the sum of the emission levels of the Member States and Iceland. The figure will be finalised in the light of the European Union’s report to facilitate the calculation of the joint assigned amount.
            
         
         
            
               The implementation of reporting obligations
            
            
               The Kyoto implementing rules require Parties by 14 April 2015 to submit a report to facilitate the calculation of the assigned amount and to demonstrate the capacity to account for its emissions and assigned amount. Article 3 of this proposal for a Council Decision requires the Commission to prepare and submit the report to facilitate the calculation of the joint assigned amount of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland, as well as the assigned amount of the European Union (corresponding to the emissions covered under the EU ETS). The Member States and Iceland are each required to submit a report to facilitate the calculation of their respective assigned amounts, covering non-EU ETS emissions. These reports will be subject to a review, after which the assigned amounts are to be finalised and recorded in the compilation and accounting database. The reports to facilitate the calculation of the assigned amounts of the Member States and Iceland will express the assigned amount as equal to the emission level of that Member State or Iceland, both in tonnes of CO2-eq and as a percentage of that Member State’s or Iceland’s base year emissions.
            
            
               Further reporting obligations, including annual inventory reports, will continue to be fulfilled by the Commission (on behalf of the European Union) and the Member States. These are required by internationally agreed reporting requirements under the Kyoto Protocol and are implemented through the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation. The approach to joint fulfilment set out in this proposal for a Council Decision will require Member States also to report separately their emissions from sources and removals by sinks covered under the Kyoto Protocol from sectors not included in the EU ETS. Article 7 of the The Monitoring Mechanism Regulation already requires Member States to report annually on their EU ETS emissions, and the ratio of those emissions to the total reported emissions. The source of this data is provided by the EU Transaction Log (EUTL), which checks and records all transactions taking place within the EU ETS. Using data from the EUTL, the European Environment Agency (EEA) publishes aggregated data on the verified emissions, allowances and surrendered units broken down by Member State, sector, size and year in its EU ETS data viewer.
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                This same data is used for analyses of GHG emissions in various official reports, including the European Commission’s annual report on progress towards European Union and international commitments, published pursuant to Article 21 of the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation,
                  24
                and the EEA’s annual reports on GHG emission trends and projections in Europe. Moreover, the data is also used in the European Union’s annual GHG inventory report, adjusted for differences in coverage between the Kyoto Protocol and the EU ETS (excluding international aviation).
            
            
               Declaration of competence (Annex II)
            
            
               Annex II to the proposed Decision updates the declaration of competence made upon ratification of the Kyoto Protocol in 2002. It now lists all 28 Member States of the European Union, and reflects the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty.
            
            
               2013/0376 (NLE)
            
            
               Proposal for a
            
            
               COUNCIL DECISION
            
            
               on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            
            
               THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
            
            
               Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Articles 192(1), in conjunction with Article 218(6)(a) thereof,
            
            
               Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,
            
            
               Having regard to the consent of the European Parliament,
            
            
               Whereas:
            
            
               (1)At the Doha Climate Change Conference in December 2012, Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (‘the Kyoto Protocol’) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (’the Convention’) adopted the Doha Amendment, establishing a second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, starting on 1 January 2013 and ending on 31 December 2020. The Doha Amendment amends Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol, setting out further legally-binding mitigation commitments for Parties listed in that Annex for the second commitment period, and amending and further stipulating provisions on the implementation of Parties’ mitigation commitments during the second commitment period.
            
            
               (2)The Union and its Member States agreed to the Doha Amendment as part of a package that contains mitigation pledges under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol by a broad range of countries and brings the share of global emissions covered by mitigation commitments for the period after 2012, both under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol, to more than 80 %.
            
            
               (3)A further essential element of that package is the consensus of the Parties to the Convention to adopt, by the end of 2015, a protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties, which should come into effect and be implemented from 2020. Negotiations on this legally binding instrument are on-going under the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action.
            
            
               (4)The Doha Amendment is subject to acceptance by the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, and will enter into force for those Parties having accepted it on the ninetieth day after the date of receipt by the Convention Depositary of an instrument of acceptance by at least three fourths of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol. A total of 144 instruments of acceptance are required for the entry into force of the Doha Amendment. 
            
            
               (5)The Council agreed, in its conclusions of 9 March 2012, to propose a joint quantified emission reduction commitment of 20 % for the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol for the Union. That commitment was determined on the basis of the Union’s total greenhouse gas emissions allowed during the period 2013-20 under its climate and energy package.
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               (6)The Council further agreed, in line with this approach, that the emission reduction obligations of individual Member States will not exceed the obligations agreed in Union legislation, and that the commitment will be based on the sum of base year emissions of Member States in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol. Accordingly, the Union and its Member States agreed at the Doha Climate Change Conference to a quantified emission reduction commitment that limits their average annual emissions of greenhouse gases during the second commitment period to 80 % of the sum of their base year emissions. This is reflected in the Doha Amendment.
            
         
         
            
               (7)In line with the Council’s conclusions of 9 March 2012, the Union has also offered to move to a 30 % reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, as part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012, provided that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities. This offer is reflected in the Doha Amendment.
            
            
               (8)The targets for the Union and its Member States are listed in the Doha Amendment with a footnote stating that those targets are based on the understanding that they will be fulfilled jointly by the European Union and its Member States, in accordance with Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol. The Union, its Member States, Croatia and Iceland also issued a joint declaration upon the adoption of the Doha Amendment, expressing their intention to fulfil their commitments in the second commitment period jointly. This declaration is reflected in the Report of the Conference and was reiterated in the Council’s conclusions of 17 December 2012.
            
            
               (9)In deciding to fulfil their commitments jointly in accordance with Article 4 of the Protocol, the Union and its Member States are jointly responsible, under paragraph 6 of that Article and in accordance with Article 24(2) of the Protocol, for the fulfilment of their quantified emission reduction commitments under Article 3(1bis) of the Kyoto Protocol. Consequently, and in accordance with Article 4(3) of the Treaty on European Union, Member States individually and collectively have the obligation to take all appropriate measures, whether general or particular, to ensure fulfilment of the obligations resulting from action taken by the institutions of the Union, to facilitate the achievement of this commitment and to abstain from any measure that could jeopardise its attainment.
            
            
               (10)In the same declaration, the Union, its Member States, Croatia and Iceland also stated, in line with Article 4(1) of the Kyoto Protocol, which allows Parties to fulfil their commitments under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol jointly, that Article 3(7ter) of the Kyoto Protocol will be applied to the joint assigned amount pursuant to the agreement on joint fulfilment by the European Union, its Member States, Croatia and Iceland and will not be applied to Member States, Croatia or Iceland individually.The Council, at its meeting on 15 December 2009, welcomed a request by Iceland to fulfil its commitments under a second commitment period jointly with the Union and its Member States and invited the Commission to present a recommendation for the opening of the necessary negotiations on an agreement with Iceland that is in line with the principles and criteria set out in the Union's climate and energy package. The agreement with Iceland, concerning Iceland's participation in the joint fulfilment of the commitments of the Union, its Member States and Iceland in the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol sets out the terms of that participation.
                  26
               
            
            
               (11)The Kyoto Protocol requires Parties that agree to fulfil their commitments under Article 3 of the Protocol jointly to set out in that agreement the respective emission level allocated to each of the Parties. The Kyoto Protocol requires the Parties to a joint fulfilment agreement to notify the Convention Secretariat of the terms of that agreement on the date of deposit of their instruments of ratification or approval.
            
            
               (12)In line with existing Union legislation, the respective emission level allocated to the Union covers the emissions of greenhouse gases under the Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
                  27
               , to the extent that those greenhouse gas emissions are covered by Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol.
            
            
               (13)The respective emission levels of the Member States and Iceland cover the remaining greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks on their territories, where those sources and sinks are not covered under Directive 2003/87/EC but covered by the Kyoto Protocol. This includes all emissions from sources and removals by sinks from human-induced land use, land-use change and forestry activities covered by Article 3(3) and (4) of the Kyoto Protocol as well as all nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) emissions.
            
            
               (14)The Commission should continue to explore options with a view to finding a satisfactory solution to address the particularities of richly-forested countries, especially as regards the limited possibilities to cover emissions from afforestation, reforestation and deforestation with growing forest management sinks, and which ensures environmental integrity.
            
            
               (15)In line with the Council conclusions of 9 March 2012 and the offer of the Union and its Member States to take on an 80 % target under the second commitment period, the emission levels of the Member States are equal to the sum of the annual emission allocations for 2013 to 2020 determined pursuant to Decision No. 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
                  28
               . This amount, based on global warming potential values from the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, was determined under Annex II to Commission Decision 2013/162/EU
                  29
                and adjusted by [AEA update Decision – C(2013)7183]. The emission level for Iceland was determined in the agreement with Iceland.
            
            
               (16)Pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council
                  30
               , Member States are required to report the actual or estimated allocation of verified emissions reported by installations and operators under Directive 2003/87/EC to the source categories of the national greenhouse gas inventory, where possible, and the ratio of those verified emissions to the total reported greenhouse gas emissions in the source categories. This enables Member States to report separately on the emissions covered by their own emission levels. The section on the Union assigned amount in the Union report should identify the amount of the emissions covered under the Union’s assigned amount that occurred in each Member State.
            
            
               (17)The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol has decided that each Party with a commitment listed for the second commitment period should, by 15 April 2015, submit to the Convention Secretariat a report to facilitate the calculation of its assigned amount. The Commission should prepare the report to facilitate the calculation of the joint assigned amount of the Union, its Member States and Iceland. This report will also determine the assigned amount of the Union. The Member States and Iceland should submit their reports by 15 April 2015, which will determine their assigned amounts as equal to their emission levels as listed in Annex II to this Decision. 
            
            
               (18)In order to underline the commitment of the Union and its Member States to a timely entry into force of the Doha Amendment, the Union, its Member States and Iceland should ratify it not later than 16 February 2015.
            
            
               (19)The Doha Amendment should be approved on behalf of the European Union,
            
            
               HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
            
            
               Article 1
            
            
               The Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (‘the Convention’) agreed on 8 December 2012 in Doha is hereby approved on behalf of the European Union.
            
            
               The text of the Doha Amendment is attached to this Decision.
            
            
               Article 2
            
            
               The Union and its Member States shall fulfil their commitments under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol and the Doha Amendment in accordance with the notification of the terms of the agreement to fulfil jointly the commitments of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol ("the Notification"), set out in Annex I.
            
            
               Article 3
            
         
         
            
               1. The Commission shall prepare the report to facilitate the calculation of the joint assigned amount of the Union, its Member States and Iceland, and consequently the assigned amount of the Union, in accordance with the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and decisions adopted thereunder. The Commission shall submit this report to the Convention Secretariat by 15 April 2015.
            
            
               2. The assigned amounts of the Member States and Iceland shall be equal to the emission levels set out in the Notification in Annex I. By 15 April 2015, Member States shall submit to the Convention Secretariat reports to facilitate the calculation of their assigned amounts, in accordance with the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol, the Doha Amendment and decisions adopted thereunder.
            
            
               Article 4
            
            
               1. The President of the Council shall designate the person(s) empowered to deposit, on behalf of the Union, the instrument of acceptance with the Secretary-General of the United Nations in accordance with Article 20(4) and Article 21(7) of the Kyoto Protocol, together with the updated declaration of competence set out in Annex II, in accordance with Article 24(3) of the Kyoto Protocol.
            
            
               2. The President of the Council shall also designate the person(s) empowered to notify, on behalf of the Union, the Notification in Annex I to the Convention Secretariat in accordance with Article 4(2) of the Kyoto Protocol.
            
            
               Article 5
            
            
               1. Member States shall take the necessary steps with a view to depositing their instruments of acceptance simultaneously with the Union, and as far as possible not later than 16 February 2015. When depositing their instruments of acceptance of the Amendment, Member States shall notify, on their own behalf, the Notification in Annex I to the Convention Secretariat in accordance with Article 4(2) of the Kyoto Protocol.
            
            
               2. Member States shall inform the Commission not later than 15 September 2014 of their decisions to accept the Amendment or, according to the circumstances, of the probable date of completion of the necessary procedures. The Commission shall, in cooperation with the Member States, choose a date for simultaneously depositing the instruments of approval or acceptance.
            
            
               Article 6
            
            
               This Decision shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
            
            
               Done at Brussels,
            
            
               
                     For the Council
               
               
                     The President
               
            
         
         
            
                  
                     (1)
                  Decision 1/CMP.8, adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, FCCC/KP/CMP/2012/13/Add.1
               
               
                  
                     (2)
                  Decision 2/CP.18, adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, para. 4, in document UNFCCC/CP/2012/8/Add.1.
               
               
                  
                     (3)
                  Council Decision 2002/358/CE of 25 April 2002 concerning the approval, on behalf of the European Community, of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder, OJ L 130, 15.5.2002, p.1.
               
               
                  
                     (4)
                  The full text of this statement is reflected in paragraph 45 of the Report of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol on its eighth session, held in  from 26 November to 8 December 2012 FCCC/KP/CMP/2012/13.
               
               
                  
                     (5)
                  Council Conclusions of 15 December 2009 on Joint Fulfilment Agreement with  with regard to a future international climate agreement, http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/agricult/111941.pdf. 
               
               
                  
                     (6)
                  For the first commitment period, EU base years were as follows: for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2O) all Member States use 1990 as base year except: Bulgaria - 1988; Hungary - average of 1985 to 1987; Slovenia - 1986; Poland - 1988; and Romania - 1989. For the fluorinated gases all Member States use 1995 as base year except: , ,  and  - 1990; and  - 1989.
               
               
                  
                     (7)
                  Legislation adopted on 23 April 2009, including Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community and Decision No 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the effort of Member States to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Community’s greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments up to 2020, OJ L 140, 5.6. 2009.
               
               
                  
                     (8)
                  This difference in scope is explained in detail in the Commission Staff Working Document “Preparing the EU's Quantified Emission Limitation or Reduction Objective (QELRO) based on the EU Climate and Energy Package”, SWD(2012) 18 final of 13.2.2012.
               
               
                  
                     (9)
                  Submission by Denmark and the European Commission on behalf of the European Union and its Member States of 19 April 2012 on “Information on the quantified emission limitation or reduction objectives (QELROs) for the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol”, FCCC/KP/AWG/2012/MISC.1.
               
               
                  
                     (10)
                  Commission Staff Working Document, ‘Impact Assessment accompanying the Package of Implementation measures for the EU's objectives on climate change and renewable energy for 2020’, SEC(2008) 85/3, 23.1.2008; and Commission Staff Working Document accompanying the Communication from the Commission (COM(2010) 265), ‘Analysis of options to move beyond 20 % greenhouse gas emission reductions and assessing the risk of carbon leakage Background information and analysis’, Part I and II, SEC(2010) 650, 25.5. 2010.
               
               
                  
                     (11)
                  European Environment Agency, ‘Annual European Union greenhouse gas inventory 1990–2011 and inventory report 2013’ - Submission to the Convention Secretariat, May 2013.
               
               
                  
                     (12)
                  European Environment Agency, ‘Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe 2012: Tracking progress towards  and 2020 targets’, , 2012, p. 60.
               
               
                  
                     (13)
                  Notification by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, acting in his capacity as depository, C.N.718.2012.TREATIES-XXVII.7.c (Depositary Notification). 
               
               
                  
                     (14)
                  Footnote 4, above.
               
               
                  
                     (15)
                  Commission Decision 2013/162/EU of 26 March 2013 on determining Member States’ annual emission allocations for the period 2013 to 2020 pursuant to Decision No 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, OJ L 90/106, 28.3.2013.
               
               
                  
                     (16)
                  Article 3(7bis) of the Kyoto Protocol requires those Parties included in Annex B for whom land-use change and forestry constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 to include in their 1990 emissions base year or period the aggregate anthropogenic CO2-eq emissions by sources minus removals by sinks in 1990 from land-use change for the purposes of calculating their assigned amount.
               
               
                  
                     (17)
                  Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on a mechanism for monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions and for reporting other information at national and Union level relevant to climate change, OJ L 165, 18.6.2013, p. 13–40.
               
               
                  
                     (18)
                  Footnotes 8 and 9 above.
               
               
                  
                     (19)
                  Decision No 529/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on accounting rules on greenhouse gas emissions and removals resulting from activities relating to land use, land-use change and forestry and on information concerning actions relating to those activities, OJ L 165/80 of 18.6.2013.
               
               
                  
                     (20)
                  Footnote 8, above.
               
               
                  
                     (21)
                  Footnote 9, above.
               
               
                  
                     (22)
                  Paragraph 9 of the Council conclusions of 9 March 2012 on the follow-up to the  climate conference.
               
               
                  
                     (23)
                  http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/data-viewers/emissions-trading-viewer.
               
               
                  
                     (24)
                  Previous reports were issued under Article 5 of Decision 280/2004/EC, which was replaced by the Monitoring Mechanism Regulation.
               
               
                  
                     (25)
                  Legislation adopted on 23 April 2009, including Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community and Decision No 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the effort of Member States to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Community’s greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments up to 2020, OJ L 140, 5.6. 2009.
               
               
                  
                     (26)
                  [reference to bilateral agreement with ]
               
               
                  
                     (27)
                  Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC (OJ L 275, 25.10.2003, p. 32).
               
               
                  
                     (28)
                  Decision No. 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the effort of Member States to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Community’s greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments up to 2020 (OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 136).
               
               
                  
                     (29)
                  Commission Decision 2013/162/EU of 26 March 2013 on determining Member States’ annual emission allocations for the period 2013 to 2020 pursuant to Decision No 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, OJ L 90/106, 28.3.2013.
               
               
                  
                     (30)
                  Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on a mechanism for monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions and for reporting other information at national and Union level relevant to climate change and repealing Decision No 280/2004/EC (OJ L 165, 18.6.2013, p. 13).
               
            
      
    ---documentbreak--- 
      
         
               EUROPEAN COMMISSION
            Brussels, 6.11.2013
            COM(2013) 768 final
            Ratification of the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
            ATTACHMENTto the Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION 
            on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol
            
               
         
         
            
               Article 1: Amendment
            
            
               A.Annex B to the  Protocol
            
            
               The following table shall replace the table in Annex B to the Protocol:
            
            
            
                     
                        1
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        2
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        3
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        4
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        5
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        6
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Party
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment
                           (2008–2012) (percentage of base year or period)
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment
                     
                     
                        (2013–2020)
                           (percentage of base year or period)
                     
                  
                  
                     
                     
                        Reference year1
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment
                           (2013–2020)
                     
                     
                        (expressed as percentage of reference year)1
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Pledges for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020  (percentage of reference year)2
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Australia
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        108
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        99.5
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        2000
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        98
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –5 to –15% or –25%3
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Austria
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Belarus5*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        88
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –8%
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Belgium
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Bulgaria*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Croatia*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        95
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        806
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –20%/–30%7
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Cyprus
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Czech Republic*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Denmark
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Estonia*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        European Union
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –20%/–30%7
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Finland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        France
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Germany
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Greece
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Hungary*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        94
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Iceland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        110
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        808
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Ireland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Italy
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Kazakhstan*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        95
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        95
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –7%
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Latvia*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Liechtenstein
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        84
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        84
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –20%/–30%9
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Lithuania*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Luxembourg
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Malta
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Monaco
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        78
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        78
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –30%
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Netherlands
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Norway
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        101
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        84
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        84
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –30% to
                     
                     
                         –40%10
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Poland*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        94
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Portugal
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Romania*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Slovakia*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Slovenia*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Spain
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Sweden
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Switzerland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        84.2
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –20% to
                     
                     
                         –30%11
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Ukraine*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        100
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        7612
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1990
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        –20%
                     
                  
               
                     
                        United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        92
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        804
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        NA
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Party
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (2008–2012) (percentage of base year or period)
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Canada13
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        94
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Japan14
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        94
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        New Zealand15
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        100
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Russian Federation16*
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        100
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
                  
                     
                  
               
               Abbreviation: NA = not applicable.
            
            
               *  Countries that are undergoing the process of transition to a market economy.
            
            
               All footnotes below, except for footnotes 1, 2 and 5, have been provided through communications from the respective Parties.
            
            
               1A reference year may be used by a Party on an optional basis for its own purposes to express its quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment (QELRC) as a percentage of emissions of that year, that is not internationally binding under the Kyoto Protocol, in addition to the listing of its QELRC(s) in relation to the base year in the second and third columns of this table, which are internationally legally binding.
            
            
               2Further information on these pledges can be found in documents FCCC/SB/2011/INF.1/Rev.1 and FCCC/KP/AWG/2012/MISC.1, Add.1 and Add.2. 
            
            
               3Australia’s QELRC under the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol is consistent with the achievement of Australia’s unconditional 2020 target of 5 per cent below 2000 levels. Australia retains the option later to move up within its 2020 target of 5 to 15, or 25 per cent below 2000 levels, subject to certain conditions being met. This reference retains the status of these pledges as made under the Cancun Agreements and does not amount to a new legally binding commitment under this Protocol or its associated rules and modalities. 
            
            
               4The QELRCs for the European Union and its member States for a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol are based on the understanding that these will be fulfilled jointly with the European Union and its member States, in accordance with Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol. The QELRCs are without prejudice to the subsequent notification by the European Union and its member States of an agreement to fulfil their commitments jointly in accordance with the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol. 
            
            
               5Added to Annex B by an amendment adopted pursuant to decision 10/CMP.2. This amendment has not yet entered into force.
            
            
               6Croatia’s QELRC for a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol is based on the understanding that it will fulfil this QELRC jointly with the European Union and its member States, in accordance with Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol. As a consequence, Croatia’s accession to the European Union shall not affect its participation in such joint fulfilment agreement pursuant to Article 4 or its QELRC. 
            
            
               7As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012, the European Union reiterates its conditional offer to move to a 30 per cent reduction by 2020 compared to 1990 levels, provided that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities.
            
            
               8The QELRC for Iceland for a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol is based on the understanding that it will be fulfilled jointly with the European Union and its member States, in accordance with Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol. 
            
            
               9The QELRC presented in column three refers to a reduction target of 20 per cent by 2020 compared to 1990 levels. Liechtenstein would consider a higher reduction target of up to 30 per cent by 2020 compared to 1990 levels under the condition that other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that economically more advanced developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities. 
            
            
               10Norway’s QELRC of 84 is consistent with its target of 30 per cent reduction of emissions by 2020, compared to 1990. If it can contribute to a global and comprehensive agreement where major emitting Parties agree on emission reductions in line with the 2° C target, Norway will move to a level of 40 per cent reduction for 2020 based on 1990 levels. This reference retains the status of the pledge made under the Cancun Agreements and does not amount to a new legally binding commitment under this Protocol.
            
            
               11The QELRC presented in the third column of this table refers to a reduction target of 20 per cent by 2020 compared to 1990 levels. Switzerland would consider a higher reduction target up to 30 per cent by 2020 compared to 1990 levels subject to comparable emission reduction commitments from other developed countries and adequate contribution from developing countries according to their responsibilities and capabilities in line with the 2° C target. This reference retains the status of the pledge made under the Cancun Agreements and does not amount to a new legally binding commitment under this Protocol or its associated rules and modalities.
            
         
         
            
               12Should be full carry-over and there is no acceptance of any cancellation or any limitation on use of this legitimately acquired sovereign property.
            
            
               13On 15 December 2011, the Depositary received written notification of Canada’s withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol. This action will become effective for Canada on 15 December 2012.
            
            
               14In a communication dated 10 December 2010, Japan indicated that it does not have any intention to be under obligation of the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol after 2012.
            
            
               15New Zealand remains a Party to the Kyoto Protocol. It will be taking a quantified economy-wide emission reduction target under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in the period 2013 to 2020. 
            
            
               16In a communication dated 8 December 2010 that was received by the secretariat on 9 December 2010, the Russian Federation indicated that it does not intend to assume a quantitative emission limitation or reduction commitment for the second commitment period.
            
            
               B.Annex A to the  Protocol
            
            
               The following list shall replace the list under the heading “Greenhouse gases” in Annex A to the Protocol: 
            
            
               Greenhouse gases
            
            
               Carbon dioxide (CO2)
            
            
               Methane (CH4)
            
            
               Nitrous oxide (N2O)
            
            
               Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
            
            
               Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
            
            
               Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
            
            
               Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)
                  11
            
            
               C.Article 3, paragraph 1 bis
            
            
               The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 1 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
            
               1 bis.
                     The Parties included in Annex I shall, individually or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in the third column of the table contained in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of this Article, with a view to reducing their overall emissions of such gases by at least 18 per cent below 1990 levels in the commitment period 2013 to 2020.
            
            
               D.Article 3, paragraph 1 ter
            
            
               The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 1 bis of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
         
         
            
               1 ter.
                     A Party included in Annex B may propose an adjustment to decrease the percentage inscribed in the third column of Annex B of its quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment inscribed in the third column of the table contained in Annex B. A proposal for such an adjustment shall be communicated to the Parties by the secretariat at least three months before the meeting of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol at which it is proposed for adoption.
            
            
               E.Article 3, paragraph 1 quater
            
            
               The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 1 ter of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
            
               1 quater.
                     An adjustment proposed by a Party included in Annex I to increase the ambition of its quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment in accordance with Article 3, paragraph 1 ter, above shall be considered adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol unless more than three-fourths of the Parties present and voting object to its adoption. The adopted adjustment shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Depositary, who shall circulate it to all Parties, and shall enter into force on 1 January of the year following the communication by the Depositary. Such adjustments shall be binding upon Parties.
            
            
               F.Article 3, paragraph 7 bis
            
            
               The following paragraphs shall be inserted after paragraph 7 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
            
               7 bis.
                     In the second quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment period, from 2013 to 2020, the assigned amount for each Party included in Annex I shall be equal to the percentage inscribed for it in the third column of the table contained in Annex B of its aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A in 1990, or the base year or period determined in accordance with paragraph 5 above, multiplied by eight. Those Parties included in Annex I for whom land-use change and forestry constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 shall include in their 1990 emissions base year or period the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by sources minus removals by sinks in 1990 from land-use change for the purposes of calculating their assigned amount.
            
            
               G.Article 3, paragraph 7 ter
            
            
               The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 7 bis of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
            
               7 ter.  Any positive difference between the assigned amount of the second commitment period for a Party included in the Annex I and average annual emissions for the first three years of the preceding commitment period multiplied by eight shall be transferred to the cancellation account of that Party. 
            
            
               H.Article 3, paragraph 8
            
            
               In paragraph 8 of Article 3 of the Protocol, the words:
            
            
               calculation referred to in paragraph 7 above
            
            
               shall be substituted by:
            
            
               calculations referred to in paragraphs 7 and 7 bis above
            
            
               I.Article 3, paragraph 8 bis
            
            
               The following paragraph shall be inserted after paragraph 8 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
            
               8 bis.
                     Any Party included in Annex I may use 1995 or 2000 as its base year for nitrogen trifluoride for the purposes of the calculation referred to in paragraph 7 bis above.
            
            
               J.Article 3, paragraphs 12 bis and ter
            
            
               The following paragraphs shall be inserted after paragraph 12 of Article 3 of the Protocol:
            
         
         
            
               12 bis.
                     Any units generated from market-based mechanisms to be established under the Convention or its instruments may be used by Parties included in Annex I to assist them in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3. Any such units which a Party acquires from another Party to the Convention shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party and subtracted from the quantity of units held by the transferring Party.
            
            
               12 ter.
                     The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall ensure that, where units from approved activities under market-based mechanisms referred to in paragraph 12 bis above are used by Parties included in Annex I to assist them in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, a share of these units is used to cover administrative expenses, as well as to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation if these units are acquired under Article 17.
            
            
               K.Article 4, paragraph 2
            
            
               The following words shall be added to the end of the first sentence of paragraph 2 of Article 4 of the Protocol:
            
            
               , or on the date of deposit of their instruments of acceptance of any amendment to Annex B pursuant to Article 3, paragraph 9
            
            
               L.Article 4, paragraph 3
            
            
               In paragraph 3 of Article 4 of the Protocol, the words:
            
            
                  , paragraph 7 
            
            
               shall be substituted by:
            
            
                  to which it relates
            
            
               Article 2: Entry into force
            
            
               This amendment shall enter into force in accordance with Articles 20 and 21 of the Kyoto Protocol. 
            
            
                  
                     
                     
            
         
         
            
                  
                     (1)
                  1Applies only from the beginning of the second commitment period.
               
            
      
    ---documentbreak--- NA ---documentbreak--- 
      
         
               EUROPEAN COMMISSION
            Brussels, 6.11.2013
            COM(2013) 768 final
            ANNEX I
            Ratification of the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
            ANNEX
            to the
            Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION
            on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            
               
         
         
            
               ANNEX
            
            
               to the
            
            
               Proposal for a 
                  COUNCIL DECISION
            
            
               on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            
            
               Notification of the terms of the agreement to fulfil jointly the commitments of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol
            
            
               1.Members of the agreement
            
            
               The European Union, its Member States and the Republic of Iceland are members of this agreement (‘the members’). The following States are at present Member States of the European Union:
            
            
               the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
            
            
               Iceland participates in this agreement pursuant to the agreement with Iceland concerning Iceland’s participation in the joint fulfilment of the commitments of the European Union, its Member States and Iceland in the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change [insert reference following conclusion of the agreement].
            
            
               2.Joint fulfilment of the commitments under Article 3 of the Kyoto Protocol
            
            
               In accordance with Article 4(1) of the Kyoto Protocol, the Members will fulfil their commitments under Article 3 thereof as follows:
            
            
               –The members shall jointly ensure that in the Member States and Iceland the combined sum of the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol does not exceed their joint assigned amount. This amount is calculated pursuant to the quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment listed in the third column of the table contained in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol and in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 thereof.
            
            
               –The application of Article 3(1) of the Kyoto Protocol to greenhouse gas emissions from aviation and shipping for the Member States and Iceland is based on the Convention’s approach of only including emissions from domestic flights and domestic shipping in Parties’ targets. The European Union approach under the second commitment of the Kyoto Protocol remains the same as for the first commitment period, given the lack of progress since Decision 2/CP.3 in attributing these emissions to Parties’ targets. This is without prejudice to the stringency of the European Union’s commitments under the climate and energy package, which remain unchanged. It is also without prejudice to the need to take measures concerning emissions of such gases from aviation and marine bunker fuels.
            
            
               –Each member may increase its ambition level through transferring assigned amount units, emission reduction units or certified emission reduction units to a cancellation account established in its national registry. The members shall jointly submit the information required by paragraph 9 of decision 1/CMP.8, and jointly make any proposals for the purpose of Article 3(1ter) and (1quater) of the Protocol.
            
            
               –The members shall continue to apply Article 3(3) and (4) of the Protocol and decisions agreed thereunder individually.
            
            
               –The combined base year emissions of the members shall equal the sum of emissions in the respective base years applicable to each Member State and Iceland.
            
            
               –If land-use change and forestry constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 for any Member State or Iceland, that member shall, pursuant to Article 3(7bis) of the Protocol, include in its 1990 emissions base year or period the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by sources minus removals by sinks in 1990 from land-use change for the purpose of calculating the joint assigned amount of the members determined in accordance with Article 3 (7bis), (8) and (8bis) of the Protocol.
            
            
               –The calculation pursuant to Article 3(7ter) of the Protocol shall apply to the joint assigned amount of the second commitment period for the members determined in accordance with Article 3 (7bis), (8) and (8bis) of the Protocol and the sum of the average annual emissions of the members for the first three years of the first commitment period multiplied by eight.
            
            
               3.Respective emission levels allocated to the members to the agreement
            
         
         
            
               The joint quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment for the members listed in the third column of Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol for the Members is 80%. The joint assigned amount of the Members will be determined pursuant to Article 3(7 bis), (8) and (8 bis) of the Protocol, and its calculation will be facilitated by the report submitted by the European Union pursuant to paragraph 2 of decision 2/CMP.8.
            
            
               The respective emission levels of the members are as follows:
            
            
               –The emission level for the European Union is the difference between the joint assigned amount of the members, and the sum of the emission levels of the Member States and Iceland. Its calculation will be facilitated by the report submitted pursuant to paragraph 2 of decision 2/CMP.8.
            
            
               –The respective emission levels of the Member States and Iceland in accordance with Article 4(1) and (5) of the Protocol are the sum of their respective amounts listed in table 1 and any results of the application of Article 3(7bis) of the Protocol for that Member State or Iceland.
            
            
               The assigned amounts of the members shall be equal to their respective emission levels.
            
            
               The assigned amount of the European Union covers the emissions of greenhouse gases under the European Union Emissions Trading System, in which its Member States and Iceland participate, to the extent that these emissions are covered under the Protocol. The respective assigned amounts of the Member States and Iceland cover the greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks in each Member State or Iceland from sources and sinks not covered under the European Union scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading. This includes all emissions from sources and removals by sinks covered by Article 3(3) and (4) of the Protocol as well as all emissions of nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) under the Protocol.
            
            
               Members to this agreement shall report separately on the emissions by sources and removals by sinks covered by their respective assigned amounts. 
            
            
               Table 1: Emission levels of the Member States and Iceland (before application of Article 3(7bis))
            
            
                     
                        Belgium
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        584 228 513
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Bulgaria
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        222 945 983
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Czech Republic
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        520 515 203
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Denmark
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        269 321 526
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Germany
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        3 592 699 888
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Estonia
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        51 056 976
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Ireland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        343 467 221
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Greece
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        480 791 166
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Spain
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1 766 877 232
                     
                  
               
                     
                        France
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        3 014 714 832
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Croatia
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        162 271 086
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Italy
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        2 410 291 421
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Cyprus
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        47 450 128
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Latvia
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        76 633 439
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Lithuania
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        113 600 821
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Luxembourg
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        70 736 832
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Hungary
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        434 486 280
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Malta
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        9 299 769
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Netherlands
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        919 963 374
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Austria
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        405 712 317
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Poland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        1 583 938 824
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Portugal
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        402 210 711
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Romania
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        656 059 490
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Slovenia
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        99 425 782
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Slovakia
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        202 268 939
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Finland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        240 544 599
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Sweden
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        315 554 578
                     
                  
               
                     
                        United Kingdom
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        2 743 362 625
                     
                  
               
                     
                        Iceland
                     
                  
                  
                     
                        [figure to be determined in agreement with Iceland]
                     
                  
               
         
         
      
    ---documentbreak--- NA ---documentbreak--- NA ---documentbreak--- 
      
         
               EUROPEAN COMMISSION
            Brussels, 6.11.2013
            COM(2013) 768 final
            ANNEX II
            Ratification of the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
            ANNEX
            to the
            Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION
            on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            
               
         
         
            
               ANNEX
            
            
               to the
            
            
               Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION
            
            
               on the conclusion of the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the joint fulfilment of commitments thereunder
            
            
               Declaration by the Union made in accordance with Article 24(3) of the Protocol
            
            
               The following States are at present Member States of the European Union: the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 
            
            
               The European Union declares that, in accordance with the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 192 (1) and Article 191 thereof, it is competent to enter into international agreements, and to implement the obligations resulting therefrom, which contribute to the pursuit of the following objectives:
            
            
               –preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment;
            
            
               –protecting human health;
            
            
               –prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources;
            
            
               –promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems, and in particular combating climate change.
            
            
               The European Union declares that its quantified emission reduction commitment for the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol (2013-2020) will be fulfilled through action by the Union and its Member States within the respective competence of each. The legally binding instruments to implement its commitment, covering matters governed by the Protocol as amended by the Doha Amendment, are already in force.
            
            
               The European Union will continue to provide information, on a regular basis, on relevant European Union legal instruments within the framework of the supplementary information incorporated in its National Communication submitted under Article 12 of the Convention for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with its commitments under the Kyoto Protocol in accordance with article 7(2) thereof and the guidelines thereunder.