CELEX: 51989PC0653(01)
Language: en
Date: 1990-01-31
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON SAFETY GLAZING AND GLAZING MATERIALS ON MOTOR VEHICLES AND THEIR TRAILERS

12. 4. 90                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 9 5 / 1
                                                                      II
                                                             (Preparatory Acts)
                                                       COMMISSION
               Proposal for a Council Directive on safety glazing and glazing materials on motor vehicles and their
                                                                   trailers
                                                     COM(89) 653 final — SYN 236
                                        (Submitted by the Commission on 12 February 1990)
                                                               (90/C 95/01)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                                   Whereas any rules on safety glazing shall contain not only
                                                                           requirements relating to its structure but also to its fitting to
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European                      vehicles;
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100a
thereof,                                                                   Whereas by means of a harmonized procedure for the
                                                                           component type-approval of safety glazing, each Member
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,                         State shall be able to confirm compliance with common
                                                                           requirements relating to manufacture and testing and to
                                                                           inform the other Member States of any such confirmation
In cooperation with the European Parliament,                               by forwarding a copy of the component type-approval
                                                                           certificate drawn up for each type of safety glazing; whereas
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social                    the affixing of an EEC component type-approval mark to
Committee,                                                                 any type of safety glazing that conforms to the type that has
                                                                           been component type approved means that the official testing
                                                                           of that type of glazing in other Member States is no longer
Whereas measures should be adopted in order gradually to
                                                                           justified;
establish the internal market during a period expiring on
30 December 1992; whereas the internal market comprises
an entity without internal frontiers within which the free                 Whereas the safety aspect of windscreens is especially
movement of goods, persons, services and capital shall be                  important since, more than in the case of other types of
guaranteed;                                                                glazing, they are likely to be subjected to violent impact either
                                                                           as a result of collisions or where there are external shocks and
                                                                           can thus be the cause of serious corporal damage; whereas,
Whereas the requirements relating to safety glazing differ
                                                                           while aiming at the approximation of the laws of the Member
from one Member State to another; whereas it is
                                                                           States, the differences between which raise barriers to trade,
consequently necessary for the same requirements to be
                                                                           the solution to be adopted must take account of the safety
adopted by all of the Member States, either in addition to or
                                                                           requirements of road traffic and the need to improve
in place of the existing rules, in order, in particular, to permit
                                                                           same;
implementation, for each type of vehicle, of the EEC
type-approval procedure covered by Council Directive
70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of                      Whereas Article 13 of Directive 70/156/EEC lays down a
the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval                procedure for the adaptation to technical progress of the
of motor vehicles and their trailers ('), as last amended by               provisions of the Annexes thereto; whereas, however,
Directive 87/403/EEC (2);                                                  technical progress makes prompt adaptation of the technical
                                                                           requirements laid down in the separate directives necessary;
(') OJNoL42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1.                                            whereas the Commission should be made responsible for
(2) OJ No L 220, 8. 10. 1987, p. 44.                                       carrying out this task in order to simplify and expedite the
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/2                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                     12. 4. 90
 procedure; whereas in all cases where the Council confers           conform. The competent authorities of that State shall advise
 powers upon the Commission to implement rules laid down             those of the other Member States of the measures taken,
 in the motor-vehicle sector it is appropriate to provide for a       which may, where necessary, extend to withdrawal of EEC
 procedure of prior consultation between the Commission              component type-approval.
 and the Member States within an advisory committee,
                                                                     The said authorities shall take like measures if they are
                                                                     informed by the competent authorities of another Member
                                                                     State of such failure to conform.
 HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE,
                                                                     2.     The competent authorities of the Member States shall
                                                                     inform each other, within one month, of any withdrawal of
                           Article 1                                 EEC component type-approval, and of the reasons for such a
                                                                     measure.
 1.     Member States shall approve any type of safety glazing
 that meets the structural and testing requirements provided         3.     If the Member State which has granted EEC
 for in item 1 of Annex II.                                          component type-approval disputes the failure to conform
                                                                     notified to it, the Member States concerned shall endeavour
2.      The Member State which has granted EEC type-                 to settle the dispute. The Commission shall be kept informed
approval shall take the necessary measures to verify, in so far      and shall, where necessary, hold appropriate consultations
as it is necessary and if need be in cooperation with the            for the purpose of reaching a settlement.
competent authorities of the other Member States, that
production models conform to the approved prototype.
                                                                                                Article 6
                           Article 2                                 All decisions taken pursuant to the provisions adopted
                                                                     in implementation of this Directive and refusing or
All applications for EEC type-approval shall be made by the
                                                                     withdrawing component type-approval, or prohibiting sale
manufacturer or his authorized representative in a Member
                                                                     and use shall state in detail the reasons on which they are
State. That Member State shall issue to the manufacturer or
                                                                     based. Such decision shall be notified to the party concerned,
his authorized representative an EEC approval mark in
                                                                     who shall at the same time be informed of the remedies
compliance with items 4.4 to 4.7 of Annex II for each type of
                                                                     available to him under the laws in force in the Member States
safety glazing that it approves in pursuance of Article 1.
                                                                     and of the time limits allowed for the exercise of such
                                                                     remedies.
Member States shall take all necessary measures to prevent
the use of any marks liable to create confusion between a
type of safety glazing that has already been component type
approved in pursuance of Article 1, and other                                                   Article 7
components.
                                                                    Member States may not refuse EEC type-approval or
                                                                    national type-approval of a type of vehicle, or refuse or
                                                                    prohibit the sale, registration, entry into service or use of a
                           Article 3
                                                                    vehicle on grounds relating to its safety glazing if this bears
The competent authorities in each Member State shall,               the EEC component type-approval mark and if it has been
within one month of issuing an EEC type-approval, send to           fitted in accordance with the requirements set out in
                                                                    Annex III.
the competent authorities of the other Member States a copy
of the component type-approval certificate drawn up for
each type of safety glazing they component type approve or
refuse to component type approve.                                                               Article 8
                                                                    For the purposes of this Directive, 'vehicle' means any motor
                           Article 4                                vehicle intended for use on the road, having at least four
                                                                    wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h,
Member States may not prohibit the marketing of safety              with the exception of vehicles which run on rails, agricultural
glazing on grounds relating to its construction or functioning      and forestry tractors or machinery, and construction
where that glazing bears the EEC component type-approval            equipment.
mark.
                                                                    The international classification of these vehicles shall be as
                                                                    set out in Note (b) of Annex I to Directive 70/156/EEC.
                           Article 5
1.     If the Member State which has granted EEC                                                Article 9
component type-approval finds that a number of items of
safety glazing bearing the same component type-approval             Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the
mark do not conform to the approved type, it shall take the         Annexes to technical progress shall be adopted in accordance
necessary measures to ensure that production models                 with the procedure laid down in Article 10.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                No C 9 5 / 3
                          Article 10                                                         Article 11
                                                                    1.    Member States shall adopt and publish the provisions
The Commission shall be assisted by a committee of an
                                                                    necessary in order to comply with this Directive before 1
advisory nature composed of the representatives of the
                                                                    January 1992 and shall forthwith inform the Commission
Member States and chaired by the representative of the
                                                                    thereof.
Commission.
                                                                    They shall apply these provisions from 1 October 1992.
The representative of the Commission shall submit to the
committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The                  The provisions adopted in pursuance of the              first
committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft within a time      subparagraph shall make express reference to            this
limit which the chairman may lay down according to the              Directive.
urgency of the matter, if necessary by taking a vote.
                                                                    2.    Member States shall communicate to the Commission
                                                                    the texts of the main provisions of national law which they
The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes; in addition,          adopt in the field covered by this Directive.
each Member State shall have the right to ask to have its
position recorded in the minutes. The Commission shall take
the utmost account of the opinion delivered by the                                           Article 12
committee. It shall inform the committee of the manner in
which its opinion has been taken into account.                      This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/4                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                            12. 4 . 90
                                             LIST OF ANNEXES
          ANNEX      Scope and definitions
          ANNEX II   Glazing — construction and test requirements, application for EEC component
                     type-approval, marking, EEC component type-approval, amendment or extension of EEC
                     component type-approval, conformity of production models and penalties for
                     non-conformity of production
          ANNEX II A General test conditions
          ANNEX II B Ordinary laminated-glass windscreen
          ANNEX II C Treated laminated-glass windscreen
          ANNEX II D Plastic-glass windscreen
          ANNEX II E Grouping of windscreens for component type-approval tests
          ANNEX II F Procedure to be followed in order to determine the test zones on windscreens of category M,
                     vehicles in relation to the ' V points
          ANNEX II G Procedure for determination of the 'H' point and of the true torso angle for the seating
                     positions in category Mj vehicles
          Appendix 1 Description of the three-dimensional 'H'-point machine
          Appendix 2 Three-dimension reference system
          Appendix 3 Reference parameters for the seating positions
          ANNEX II H Uniformily toughened glazing
          ANNEX II I Laminated glazing other than windscreens
          ANNEX II J Plastic glazing other than windscreens
          ANNEX II K Plastic-coated safety glazing (on the inner surface)
          ANNEX II L Double glazing
          ANNEX II M Measurements of segment heights and position of impact points
          ANNEX II N Examples of EEC component type-approval marks
          ANNEX II O Checks on conformity of production
          ANNEX II P Notice concerning EEC component type-approval or the extension or refusal or withdrawal
                     of EEC component type-approval or the final cessation of the production of a type of safety
                     glass
          Appendix 1 Laminated-glass windscreen
          Appendix 2 Plastic glass windscreen
          Appendix 3 Uniformly toughened glazing
          Appendix 4 Laminated glazing other than windscreens
          Appendix 5 Plastic glazing other than windscreens
          Appendix 6 Double-glazed units
          Appendix 7 Contents of the list of windscreens
          ANNEX III  Vehicles — Requirements concerning the fitting of windscreens and glazing other than
                     windscreens to vehicles
          Appendix   Annex to the EEC approval certificate for a type of vehicle in respect of the fitting of safety
                     glazing
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                              No C 95/5
                                                                    ANNEX I
                                                          SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS
       1.      SCOPE
               This Directive applies to safety glazing and materials for glazing intended to be fitted in the form of a windscreen or
               other glazing or separating panels on motor vehicles and their trailers, with the exception of glass for lighting and
               light-signalling devices and for the dashboard and special glazing offering protection against attacks.
       2.       DEFINITIONS
               For the purposes of this Directive:
       2.1.    Glazing means a pane of glass consisting of a single sheet of glass having undergone a special treatment intended to
               increase its mechanical strength and limit its fragmentation when smashed.
       2.2.    Laminated glazing means: at least two sheets of glass held together by at least one sheet of plastic material that is
               sandwiched between them; that laminated glass may be:
       2.2.1.  ordinary if none of the sheets of glass of which it consists has been treated; or
       2.2.2.  treated if at least one of the sheets of glass of which it consists has undergone a special treatment intended to increase its
               mechanical strength and to limit its fragmentation when smashed.
       2.3.    Safety glazing coated with plastic means: glazing as defined in item 2.1 or 2.2 with a coating of plastic material on its
               inner surface.
       2.4.    Plastic-glass safety glazing means laminated glazing having a single sheet of glass and one or several sheets of plastic
               laid one on top of the other, at least one of which serves as a sandwich layer. The sheet(s) of plastic is (are) located on
               the inner surface when the glazing is fitted to the vehicle.
      2.5.     Group of windscreens means a group consisting of windscreens having different shapes and dimensions which are
               subjected to an examination of their mechanical properties, fragmentation characteristics and their behaviour during
               tests on their resistance to attack from their environment;
      2.5.1.  flat windscreen means a windscreen which does not have a nominal curvature represented by a segment height of more
              than 10 mm per linear metre;
      2.5.2.  curved windscreen means a windscreen having a nominal curvature represented by a segment height of more than 10
              mm per linear metre.
      2.6.    Double window means a unit consisting of two panes fitted separately into the same aperture on the vehicle.
      2.7.    Double glazing means a unit consisting of two panes assembled at the factory in a permanent manner and separated by
              a uniform space;
      2.7.1.  symmetrical double glazing means double glazing in which the two constituent panes are of the same type (toughened,
              laminated, etc.) and have the same main and secondary characteristics;
      2.7.2.  assymetrical double glazing means double glazing in which the two constituent panes are of a different type
              (toughened, laminated, etc.) or have different main and/or secondary characteristics.
      2.8.     Main characteristic means a characteristic which significantly alters the optical and/or mechanical properties of a pane
              of glass with regard to the function that that glass is to perform on the vehicle. This term also includes the trade name or
              manufacturer's mark.
      2.9.    Secondary characteristic means a characteristic which is likely to alter the optical and /or mechanical properties of a
              unit of glazing in a manner that is significant for the function for which it is intended on the vehicle. Account shall be
              taken of the indices of difficulty when the extent of the alteration is estimated.
      2.10.   Indices of difficulty means a classification into two degrees that are applicable to the variations observed in practice for
              each secondary characteristic. The transition from index 1 to index 2 is an indication of the need to carry out
              traditional tests.
      2.11.   Developed area of a windscreen means the area of the minimum rectangle of glass from which a windscreen can be
              made.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/6                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                                12. 4. 90
     2.12.   Rake angle of a windscreen means the angle formed by the vertical line and the straight line joining the upper and lower
              edges of the windscreen, these straight lines being taken in a vertical plane containing the longitudinal access of the
              vehicle;
     2.12.1.  the rake angle is measured on a vehicle on the ground and, where the vehicle is used to carry passengers, that vehicle
              must be in running order, with a full complement of fuel, liquid coolant and lubricant, with tools and spare wheels in
             place (if these are considered to form part of the standard equipment by the vehicle's manufacturer); account shall be
              taken of the weight of the driver and, where vehicles are intended to carry additional passengers, of the weight of a
             passenger on the front seat, the driver and passenger each being taken to a 75 ± 1 kg;
     2.12.2. where vehicles are fitted with hydropneumatic, hydraulic or pneumatic suspension or with a device automatically
             regulating ground clearance as a function of load they shall be tested under the normal operating conditions specified
             by the manufacturer.
     2.13.   Segment height h means the maximum distance separating the internal surface of a unit of glazing from a plane passing
             through the edges of that unit. This distance shall be measured in a direction which is practically normal to the glazing
             (see Annex II M, Figure 1).
     2.14.    Type of glazing means the glazing defined in items 2.1 to 2.4 which does not display any essential differences, and in
             particular as regards the main and secondary characters mentioned in Annexes II B, II C, II D, II H, II I, II J, II K
             and II L;
     2.14.1. although a change in the main characteristics means a new type of product, in certain cases it is accepted that a change
             in shape and dimensions does not necessarily involve an obligation to carry out a full series of tests. For certain of the
             tests specified in the separate Annexes glazing units may be grouped together if it is clear that they have similar main
             characteristics;
     2.14.2. glazing units only having different secondary characteristics may be considered to be of the same type; however, certain
             tests can be carried out on samples of such glazing if those tests are explicitly stipulated in the test conditions.
     2.15.   Curver means the approximate value of the smallest radius of the arc of the windscreen measured at its most inwardly
             curved part.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4 . 90                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                             No C 9 5 / 7
                                                                    ANNEX II
        GLAZING — STRUCTURAL AND TESTING REQUIREMENTS, APPLICATION FOR EEC COMPONENT
        TYPE-APPROVAL, MARKING, EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL, AMENDMENT OR EXTENSION OF
        EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL, CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION MODELS AND PENALTIES FOR
                                                 NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
        1.           STRUCTURAL AND TESTING REQUIREMENTS
        1.1.         General specifications
        1.1.1.       All types of glass, and in particular glass intended to be used for windscreens must be of a quality enabling the risk
                     of corporal damage in the event of breakage to be reduced as much as possible. The glass must offer adequate
                      resistance to any stressing which may arise during accidents occurring under normal traffic conditions, and
                      similarly to atmospheric and thermal factors, chemical agents, fire and abrasion.
        1.1.2.       In addition safety glass shall be adequately transparent, cause no noticeable deformation of objects seen through
                     the windscreen, nor cause any confusion between the colours used on road signs. In the event of windscreen
                     breakage the driver must continue to be able to see the road clearly enough in order to be able to brake and bring his
                     vehicle to a halt in complete safety.
        1.2.         Individual specifications
                     Depending on the category to which they belong all types of glazing must meet the following individual
                     specifications:
        1.2.1.       as regards panes of uniformly toughened glass windscreens, the requirements set out in Annex II H;
        1.2.2.       in the case of ordinary laminated glass windscreens, the requirements set out in Annex II B;
        1.2.3.       in the case of panes of ordinary laminated glass apart from windscreens, the requirements set out in
                     Annex II I;
        1.2.4.       in the case of treated laminated glass windscreens, the requirements set out in Annex II C;
        1.2.5.       in the case of plastic-coated safety glass the requirements set out in Annex II K in addition to the appropriate
                     requirements listed above;
        1.2.6.       in the case of plastic glass windscreens, the requirements set out in Annex II D;
        1.2.7.       in the case of plastic-glass panes other than windscreens, the requirements set out in Annex II J;
        1.2.8.       in the case of double glazing the requirements set out in Annex II L.
        1.3.         Tests
        1.3.1.       The following tests are prescribed:
        1.3.1.1.      Fragmentation
                     The purpose of this test is:
        1.3.1.1.1.   to verify that the fragments and splinters produced by smashing of the pane of glass are such as to minimize the risk
                     of injury,
        1.3.1.1.2.   in the case of treated laminated glass windscreens to check residual visibility after shattering.
        1.3.1.2.     Mechanical strength
        1.3.1.2.1.   Ball-impact test
                     There are two tests, one using a 227 g ball and the other a 2 260 g ball.
        1.3.1.2.1.1. Test using the 227 g ball. The aim of this test is to assess the adhesion of the interlayer in laminated glass and the
                     mechanical strength of uniformly toughened glass.
       1.3.1.2.1.2.  Test using a 2 260 g ball. The aim of this test is to assess the ability of the laminated glass to resist ball
                     penetration.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/8                                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                         12. 4. 90
     1.3.1.2.2. Headform test
                The purpose of this test is to verify the glass panes compliance with the requirements relating to the limitation of
                injury in the event of impact of the head against the windscreen, laminated glass and panes of plastic-glass other
                than windscreens, together with the double-glazed units used in the side windows.
     1.3.1.3.   Resistance to the environment
     1.3.1.3.1. Abrasion test
                The purpose of this test is to determine whether the resistance of a safety-glass pane to abrasion exceeds a specified
                value.
     1.3.1.3.2. H i g h - t e m p e r a t u r e test
                The purpose of this test is to verify that no bubbles or other defects occur in the interlayer in a laminated glass or
                glass plastics pane when the latter is exposed to high temperatures over an extended period of time.
     1.3.1.3.3. R e s i s t a n c e - t o - r a d i a t i o n test
                The purpose of this test is to determine whether the light transmittance of laminated glass, plastic-glass and
                plastics-coated glass panes exposed to radiation over an extended period of time is significantly reduced thereby or
                whether the glazing is significantly discoloured.
     1.3.1.3.4. R e s i s t a n c e - t o - h u m i d i t y test
                The purpose of this test is to determine whether a laminated-glass, plastic-glass and plastics-coated glass pane will
                withstand, without significant deterioriation, the effects of prolonged exposure to atmospheric humidity.
     1.3.1.3.5. R e s i s t a n c e to t e m p e r a t u r e c h a n g e
                The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastic materials) used in safety glazing as defined in items 2.3
                and 2.4 in Annex I will withstand, without significant deterioration, the effects of prolonged exposure to extreme
                temperatures.
     1.3.1.4.   Optical qualities
     1.3.1.4.1. L i g h t - t r a n s m i s s i o n test
                The aim of this test is to determine whether the regular transmission of safety-glass panes exceeds a specified
                value.
     1.3.1.4.2. Optical d i s t o r t i o n test
                The purpose of this test is to verify that the distortion of objects as seen throught the windscreen is not to such an
                extent as to be likely to confuse the driver.
     1.3.1.4.3. Secondary-image-separation                         test
                The purpose of this test is to verify that the angular separation of the secondary image from the primary image does
                not exceed a specified value.
     1.3.1.4.4. Colour identification test
                The purpose of this test is to verify tl at there is no risk of confusion of colours as seen through a
                windscreen.
     1.3.1.4.5. Fire-resistance test
                The purpose of this test is to verify that the inner face of a pane of safety glass as defined in items 2.3 and 2.4 in
                Annex I has a sufficiently low burn rate.
     1.3.1.5.   Resistance to chemical agents
                The purpose of this test is to determine whether the inner surface of a pane of safety glass as defined in items 2.3 and
                2.4 of Annex I will withstand, without deterioration, the effects of exposure to the chemical agents likely to be
                present or used in a vehicle (for example, cleaning agents).
     1.3.2.     Tests prescribed for the categories of glass pane defined in items 2.1 to 2.4 in Annex I
     1.3.2.1.   Safety glass shall be subjected to the tests listed in the following table:
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                                    No C 9 5 / 9
                                                                      Windscreen                                         Other glazing
                                                   Ordinary laminated    Treated laminated       Plastic
                                                                                glass                       Toughened        Laminated   Plastic
                                                      II        IIP        III         HIP          IV
                  Fragmentation                      —          —      IIC/4        IIC/4         —         IIH/2              —          —
                  Mechanical strength
                  — 227 g ball                    IIB/4.3    IIB/4.3   IIB/4.3      IIB/4.3    IIB/4.3      IIH/3.1         HI/4       II1/4
                  — 2 260 g ball                  IIB/4.2    IIB/4.2   IIB/4.2      IIB/4.2    IIB/4.2        —                —          —
                                    1
                  Headform test( )                IIB/3      IIB/3     IIB/3        IIB/3      I1D/3          —             II1/3      IIB/3
                  Abrasion
                  — outer face                    II B/5.1   II B/5.1  II B/5.1     II B/5.1   II B/5.1       —             II B/5.1   II B/5.1
                  — inner face                       —       IIK/2        —         IIK/2      IIK/2        IIK/2( 2 )      IIK/2( 2 ) IIK/2
                  High temperature                II A/5     II A/5    II A/5       II A/5     II A/5         —             II A/5     II A/5
                  Radiation                      HA/6        II A/6    II A/6      II A/6      HA/6           —            II A/6      II A/6
                  Humidity                       II A/7      II A11    II A/7      II A/7      II A/7       IIA/7( 2 )   III A/7       II A/7
                  Light transmission             II A/9.1 II A/9.1 II A/9.1 II A/9.1 11 A/9.1 II A/9.1                      II A/9.1   II A/9.1
                  Article distortion             II A/9.2 II A/9.2 II A/9.2 II A/9.2 II A/9.2                                  —          —
                  Secondary image                II A/9.3 II A/9.3 II A/9.3 II A/9.3 II A/9.3                                  —          —
                  Colour identification          II A/9.4 II A/9.4 II A/9.4 II A/9.4 11 A/9.4                 —                —          —
                  Resistance to
                 temperature changes                —        II A/8       —        II A/8      IIA/8        IIA/8( 2 )   :
                                                                                                                           IIA/8(2)    II A/8
                                                                                                                     2   :           2
                 Fire resistance                     —       II A/10      —        II A/10     II A/10      IIA/10( ) IIA/10( ) II A/10
                 Resistance to chemical
                                                                                                                     2
                 agents                             —        II A/11               II A/11     II A/11   ; IIA/11(     )   IIA/11( 2 ) II A/11
                 (') This test shall also be performed on double-glazed units in accordance with Annex II L, item 3 (II L/3).
                 (2) Applies only to glass panes coated with plastic material on the inner surface.
                 NB: A reference such as IIC/4 refers to Annex IIC and to item 4 in that Annex, where the relevant test is described,
                        together with the conditions attached to acceptance.
       1.3.2.2.  A safety glass pane shall be type approved if it meets all the requirements prescribed in the relevant provisions, as
                 referred to in the above table.
      2.         APPLICATION FOR COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL
      2.1.       The application for the EEC component type-approval of a type of glass pane shall be submitted by the
                 manufacturer of the safety-glass pane or by his duly accredited representative.
      2.2.       For each type of safety glass, the application shall be accompanied by the document referred to below, in triplicate,
                 and by the following particulars:
      2.2.1.     a technical description comprising all principal and secondary characteristics; and
      2.2.1.1.   in the case of glazing other than windscreens, drawings in a format not exceeding A4 or folded to that format,
                 showing:
                 — the maximum area,
                 — the smallest angle between two adjacent sides of the glass pane, and
                 — the maximum height of segment, if any;
      2.2.1.2.   in the case of windscreens:
      2.2.1.2.1. a list of the models of windscreen for which component type-approval is sought, giving the name of the vehicle
                 manufacturers and the type and category of vehicle;
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      2.2.1.2.2.        drawings in full scale for category Mi and full scale or one-tenth scale for all other categories, together with
                        diagrams of the windscreens and their location on the vehicle, in sufficient detail to show:
      2.2.1.2.2.1.      the position of the windscreen in relation to the 'R' point on the driver's seat where appropriate;
      2.2.1.2.2.2.      the rake angle of the windscreen;
      2.2.1.2.2.3.      the rake angle of the seat backrest;
      2.2.1.2.2.4.      the position and size of the zones in which the optical qualities are checked;
      2.2.1.2.2.5.      the developed area of windscreen;
      2.2.1.2.2.6.      the maximum height of segment of the windscreen;
      2.2.1.2.2.7.      the radius of curvature of the windscreen (for windscreen grouping purposes only).
      2.2.1.3.          In the case of double glazing, drawings in a format not exceeding A4 or folded to that format, showing, in addition
                       to the information referred to in item 2.2.1.1:
                        — the type of each individual glass pane,
                        — the nominal thickness of the gap between the two glass panes.
      2.3.             In addition, the applicant shall submit a sufficient number of test pieces and samples of the finished glass panes of
                       the models considered, the number being if necessary determined by agreement with the technical department
                       responsible for conducting the tests.
      2.4.             The competent authority shall check the existence of satisfactory measures to ensure effective checking of
                       conformity of production before component type-approval is granted.
      3.               MARKINGS
      3.1.             All safety-glass panes, including the samples and test pieces submitted for component type-approval, shall bear the
                       trade name or mark of the manufacturer. The marking shall be clearly legible and indelible.
      4.               EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL
      4.1.             If the samples submitted for component type-approval meet the requirements of items 1.1 to 1.3 below, approval
                       of the pertinent type of safety-glass pane shall be granted.
      4.2.             A component type-approval number shall be assigned to each type as defined in Annexes IIH, II I, IIJ and IIL or, in
                       the case of windscreens, to each group approved. The first two digits (currently 00 for the Directive in its original
                       form) indicate the number assigned to the series of amendments corresponding to the most recent major changes
                       made to the Directive on the date when component type-approval is granted.
      4.3.             Notice of approval or extension or refusal of approval of a type of safety-glass pane pursuant to this Directive shall
                       be communicated to the Member States by means of a form drawn up in accordance with the model set out in
                       Annex II P and its appendices.
      4.3.1.           In the case of windscreens, the notice of approval shall be accompanied by a document listing every windscreen
                       model in the approved group, together with the characteristics of the group in accordance with Appendix 7 to
                       Annex II P.
      4.4.             In addition to the marking specified in item 3.1 the EEC component type-approval mark shall be affixed
                       conspicuously to all safety-glass panes and double-glazed units conforming to a type approved under this Directive.
                       Any special type-approval mark assigned to each pane of a double-glazed unit may also be affixed.
                       This component type-approval mark consists of:
      4.4.1.           a rectangle surrounding the 'e', followed by the identifying number or letters of the country having granted
                       component type-approval (');
      4.4.2.           the component type-approval number, located to the right of the rectangle provided for in item 4.1.1.
         1 for the Federal Republic of Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy, 4 for the Netherlands, 6 for Belgium, 9 for Spain, 11 for the United Kingdom, 13
         for Luxembourg, 18 for Denmark, 21 for Portugal, IRL for Ireland and EL for Greece.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                        N o C 95/11
       4.5.             The following additional symbols shall be affixed close to the component type-approval mark referred to
                        above:
       4.5.1.           in the case of a windscreen:
                         II: made of ordinary laminated glass (II/P if it is coated) (*);
                        III: if it is made of treated laminated glass (HI/P if it is coated) (');
                        IV: if it is made of plastic glass;
       4.5.2.            V: if this is a pane of glass other than a windscreen covered by item 9.1.4.2 in Annex II A;
       4.5.3.           VI: where this is a double-glazed unit.
       4.6.             The component type-approval mark and the symbol must be clearly legible and indelible.
       4.7.             Annex II N gives examples of component type-approval marks.
       5.               CHANGES TO OR EXTENSION OF THE EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF
                        SAFETY-GLASS PANE
       5.1.             Any change to a type of safety-glass pane, or in the case of a windscreen, any addition of a windscreen to a group,
                        shall be brought to the notice of the administrative department having granted component type-approval for that
                        type of safety-glass pane. That department may then either:
       5.1.1.           consider that the changes made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect and, in the case of windscreens,
                        that the new type falls within the approved group of windscreens, and that at all events the safety-glass pane still
                        complies with the requirements;
       5.1.2.           require a further test report from the technical department that is responsible for conducting the tests.
       5.2.              Notification
       5.2.1.           Member States shall be notified of any confirmation, refusal or extension of type-approval in accordance with the
                        procedure specified in item 4.3.
       5.2.2.           The competent authority that has granted an extension of component type-approval shall place a serial number on
                        each notification to that effect.
       6.               CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
       6.1.             Safety glazing component type approved under this Directive shall be so manufactured as to conform to the
                        approved type and shall meet the requirements set out in item 1 above.
       6.2.             To verify that the requirements of item 6.1 have been met, constant checks shall be carried out on
                        production.
       6.3.             The holder of the component type-approval shall, in particular:
       6.3.1.           ensure that procedures exist for checking the quality of the product;
       6.3.2.           have access to the equipment necessary for checking conformity to each approved type;
       6.3.3.           record data relating to test results and the ancillary documents (2) which must be made available for a period to be
                        determined in agreement with the administrative department;
       6.3.4.           analyse the results of each type of test in order to verify and ensure consistency of the product characteristics,
                        allowing for the permissible variations in industrial production;
       6.3.5.           ensure that, for each type of product, at least the tests described in Annex II O to this Directive are carried
                        out;
       6.3.6.           ensure that where any samples or test pieces show non-conformity with the type of test concerned, further samples
                        are taken and tested. All necessary steps shall be taken to re-establish conformity in the production
                        concerned.
       6.4.             The competent authority may at any time verify the methods for checking conformity that are applicable to each
                        production unit (see item 3 in Annex H O ) .
       (') In accordance with the definition set out in item 2.3 of Annex I.
       (2) The results of the fragmentation tests shall be recorded, even if no photograph is required.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/12                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                             12. 4. 90
     6.4.1. At every inspection, the test data and production records shall be presented to the inspector.
     6.4.2. The inspector may take samples at random to be tested in the manufacturer's laboratory. The minimum number of
            samples may be determined in the light of the results of the manufacturer's own checks.
     6.4.3. Where the quality standard appears unsatisfactory or where it appears necessary to verify the validity of the tests
            carried out in accordance with item 6.4.2 the inspector may select samples to be sent to the technical department
            which has carried out the component type-approval tests.
     6.4.4. The competent authority may carry out any test required by this Directive.
     6.4.5. The normal frequency of inspection shall be two per year for each production unit. If unsatisfactory results are
            found during any of these inspections, the competent authority shall ensure that all necessary steps are taken in
            order to re-establish conformity of production as quickly as possible.
     7.     PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
     7.1.   The component type-approval granted in respect of a type of safety glass pane pursuant to this Directive may be
            withdrawn if the requirements laid down in item 6.1 above is not complied with.
     7.2.   If a Member State withdraws a component type-approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith notify the
            other Member States thereof by means of a copy of the component type-approval certificate following the model set
            out in Annex II P.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                                   No C 95/13
                                                                       ANNEX        II A
                                                          GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS
       1.             FRAGMENTATION TEST
       1.1.           The pane of glass to be tested shall not be rigidly secured; it may, however, be fastened onto an identical glass pane
                      by means of adhesive tape applied all round the edge.
       1.2.           To obtain fragmentation a hammer having a mass of roughly 75 g or some other appliance giving equivalent results
                      is used. The radius of curvature of the point shall be 0,2 ± 0,05 mm.
       1.3.           One test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of impact.
       1.4.           An examination shall be made of the fragments on photographic contact paper, exposure commencing not more
                      than 10 seconds and terminating not more than three minutes after impact. Only the darkest lines, representing the
                      initial fracture, shall be taken into consideration. The laboratory shall keep photographic reproductions of the
                      fragmentation obtained.
       2.             BALL IMPACT TEST
       2.1.           227 g ball test
       2.1.1.          Apparatus
       2.1.1.1.       Hardened steel ball with a mass of 227 ± 2 g and a diameter of approximately 38 mm.
       2.1.1.2.       Means for dropping the ball freely from a height to be specified, or a means of giving the ball a velocity equivalent to
                      that obtained by the free fall. Where a device to project the ball is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of
                      the velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall.
       2.1.1.3.       Supporting fixture, such as that shown in Figure 1 consisting oftwo steel frames with 15 mm-wide machined edges
                      fitting onto each other and equipped with rubber gaskets that are roughly 3 mm thick, 15 mm wide and have a
                      hardness of 50 IRHD.
                      The lower frame rests on a steel box about 150 mm high. The test pane is held in place by the upper frame, the mass
                      of which is about 3 kg. The supporting frame is welded onto a sheet of steel about 12 mm thick resting on the floor,
                      with an interposed sheet of rubber about 3 mm thick and a hardness of 50 IRHD.
                                                                                                                   Dimensions in millimetres
                                                                                • 290
                                                                                • 260
                          Test piece
                                                 *w*w w ft " « « " y «« " " " •• •:. *\ v . " . ^ *;. *fi
                                                                                                                        E
                                                •5-** ' : x " • **. v . *• %-» •*- v « "J- "» '•'• •"•• ' v v. •» \ \ ** •} i
                                                 >>, y «A-> ••- •-• • - •> -^ " ' • " -' ••' •••• v x - A - 'i^u1
                                                                                                                              1
                       Rubber gasket
                                                                                                                        W*
                                                  ^\\\\\\K\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\K\^\
                                                                                                                           i
                Sheet of rubber                                                  • 350 min.
                                                                           Figure 1
                                                                  Support for ball tests
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/14                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                                  12. 4. 90
     2.1.2.    Test conditions
               — temperature: 20 ± 5 °C,
               — pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar,
               — relative humidity: 60 ± 20 %.
     2.1.3.    Test piece
               The test piece shall be a flat square whose sides measure 300 ± 10/0 mm.
     2.1.4.    Procedure
               Condition the test piece at the specified temperature for at least four hours immediately preceding the test. Place the
               test piece in the fixture (see item 2.1.1.3). The plane of the test piece shall be perpendicular, to within 3 ° , to the
               incident direction of the ball.
               The point of impact shall be within 25 mm of the geometric centre of the test piece for a drop height not exceeding 6
              m, and within 50 mm of the centre of the test piece for a drop height of more than 6 m. The ball shall strike that face
              of the test piece which represents the outside face of the safety-glass pane when fitted to the vehicle.
               The ball shall be allowed to make only one impact.
     2.2.     2 260 g ball test
     2.2.1.     Apparatus:
     2.2.1.1. Hardened steel ball with a mass of 2 260 ± 20 g and a diameter of approximately 82 mm.
     2.2.1.2. Means for dropping the ball freely from a height to be specified, or a means of giving the ball a velocity equivalent to
              that obtained by the free fall.
              Where a device to project the ball is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of the velocity equivalent to that
              obtained by the free fall.
     2.2.1.3. Supporting fixture such as that shown in Figure 1 and identical to that described in item 2.1.1.3.
     2.2.2.    Test conditions
              — temperature: 20 ± 5 °C,
              — pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar,
              — relative humidity: 60 ± 20 %.
     2.2.3.   Test piece
              The test piece shall be a flat square whose sides measure 300 ± 10/0 mm.
     2.2.4.   Procedure
              Condition the test piece at the specified temperature for at least four hours immediately preceding the test.
              Place the test piece in the fixture (item 2.1.1.3). The plane of the test piece shall be perpendicular, to within 3 °, to
              the incident direction of the ball.
              The point of impact shall be within 25 mm of the geometric centre of the test piece. In the case of plastic-glazing, the
              test piece shall be held in the fixture by means of pinching through appropriate devices.
              The ball shall strike the face of the test piece which represents the outside face of the safety-glass pane when fitted to
              the vehicle. The ball shall be allowed to make only one impact.
     3.       HEADFORM TEST
     3.1.     Apparatus
     3.1.1.   Headform weight with a spherical or semi-spherical headform made of laminated hardwood covered with
              replaceable felt and with or without a cross-beam made of wood. There is a neck-shaped intermediate piece
              between the spherical part and cross-beam.
              The dimensions shall be in accordance with Figure 2. The total mass of the apparatus shall be 10 ± 0,2 kg.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/15
                          Dimensions in millimetres
                                                Mounting
                                                rod
                         Cross-beam
                         (optional)
              Intermediate piece
                            Head
                       Felt cover,
                       5 mm thick
                                                                Figure 2
                                                         Headform weight
       3.1.2.     Means for dropping the headform weight freely from a height to be specified, or means of giving the weight a
                  velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall.
                  When a device to project the headform weight is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of the velocity
                  equivalent to that obtained by the free fall.
       3.1.3.     Supporting fixture as shown in Figure 3, for testing flat test pieces. The fixture consists of two steel frames, with
                  machined borders 50 mm wide, fitting one over the other and faced with rubber gaskets about 3 mm thick and
                  14 ± 1 mm wide and a hardness of 70 IRHD. The upper frame is held pressed against the lower frame by at least
                  eight bolts.
       3.2.       Test conditions
                  — temperature: 20 ± 5 °C,
                  — pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar,
                  — relative humidity: 60 ± 2 0 % .
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/16                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 12. 4. 90
                                                                                                Dimensions in millimetres
                                                 Rubber gasket
                                                                                                  Bolt! 1 )
                                     ±L                        £h-                       _i±E_
                         4                                                                            ^
                                     •  ^                      ^F                        =$
                                                                                             105
                                                               1 070
                                                               1 170
                                                                      Figure 3
                                                            Support for headform tests
     3.3.             Procedure
     3.3.1.           Test on a flat test piece
                      The flat test piece, having a length o f l 100 + 5/ - 2 mm and a width of 500 + 5/ - 2 mm, shall be kept at a
                      constant temperature of 20 ± 5 °C for at least four hours immediately preceding the test. Fix the test piece in the
                      supporting frames (item 3.1.3); the torque on the bolts shall ensure that the movement of the test piece during the
                      test will not exceed 2 mm. The plane of the test piece shall be substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of
                      the weight. The weight shall strike the test piece within 40 mm of its geometric centre on that face which represents
                      the inward face of the safety-glass plane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle, and shall be allowed to make
                      only one impact. The impact surface of the felt cover shall be replaced after 12 tests.
     3.3.2.           Tests on a complete windscreen (used only for a drop height of not exceeding 1,5 m)
                      Place the windscreen freely on a support with an interposed strip of rubber of hardness 70 IRHD and thickness of
                      about 3 mm, the width of contact over the whole perimeter being about 15 mm.
                      The support shall consist of a rigid piece corresponding to the shape of the windscreen so that the headform weight
                      strikes the internal surface.
                      Where necessary the windscreen shall be clamped to the supporting structure by means of appropriate
                      devices.
                      The support shall rest on a rigid stand with an interposed sheet of rubber of hardness 70 IRHD and thickness of
                      about 3 mm. The surface of the windscreen shall be substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the
                      headform weight. The headform weight shall strike the windscreen at a point within 40 mm of its geometric centre
                      on that face which represents the inward face of the safety glass pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle, and
                      shall be allowed to make only one impact.
                      The impact surface of the felt cover shall be replaced after 12 tests.
     4.               ABRASION TEST
     4.1.             Apparatus
     4.1.1.           Abrading instrument ( ! ), shown diagramatically in Figure 4 and consisting of:
                      — a horizontal turntable, with centre clamp, which revolves counter-clockwise at 65 to 75 rev/min,
      !
     ( ) A suitable abrading instrument is supplied by Teledyne Taber (United States of America).
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/17
                                                                       Figure 4
                                                          Diagram of abrading instrument
                       — two weighted parallel arms each carrying a special abrasive wheel freely rotating on a ball-bearing horizontal
                            spindle; each wheel rests on the test specimen under the pressure applied by a mass of 500 g.
                       The turntable of the abrading instrument shall rotate regularly, substantially in one plane (the deviation from this
                       plane shall not be greater than ±0,05 mm at a distance of 1,6 mm from the turntable periphery). The wheels shall
                       be mounted in such a way that when they are in contact with the rotating test piece they rotate in opposite directions
                       so as to exert, twice during each rotation of the test piece, a compressive and abrasive action along curved lines over
                       an annular area of about 30 cm .
       4.1.2.          Abrasive wheels ( a ), each 45 to 50 mm in diameter and 12,5 mm thick, consisting of a special finely-screened
                       abrasive embedded in a medium-hard rubber. The wheels shall have a hardness of 72 ± 5 IRHD, as measured at
                       four points equally spaced on the centre line of the abrading surface, the pressure being applied vertically along a
                       diameter of the wheel and the readings being taken 10 seconds after full application of the pressure.
                       The abrasive wheels shall be prepared for use by very slow rotation against a sheet of flat glass to ensure that their
                       surface is completely even.
       4.1.3.          Light source, consisting of an incandescent lamp with its filament contained within a parallelepiped measuring 1,5
                        x 1,5 x 3 mm. The voltage applied to the filament shall be such that its colour temperature is 2 856 ± 50 K. The
                       instrument used to check the voltage shall be that of appropriate accuracy.
       4.1.4.          Optica] system consisting of a lens with a focal length 'f of at least 500 mm and corrected for chromatic
                       abberations. The full aperture of the lens shall not exceed f/20. The distance between the lens and the light source
                       shall be adjusted in order to obtain a light beam which is substantially parallel.
                       A diaphragm shall be inserted to limit the diameter of the light beam to 7 ± 1 mm. This diaphragm shall be situated
                       at a distance of 100 ± 50 mm from the lens on the side remote from the light source.
       4.1.5.          E quipment for measuring scattered light (see Figure 5), consisting of a photoelectric cell with an integrating sphere
                       200 to 250 mm in diameter. The sphere shall be equipped with entrance and exit ports for the light. The entrance
                       port shall be circular and have a diameter at least twice that of the light beam. The exit port of the sphere shall be
                       provided with either a light trap or a reflectance standard, according to the procedure as described in item 4.4.3
                       below. The light trap shall absorb all the light when no test piece is inserted in the light beam.
                       The axis of the light beam shall pass through the centre of the entrance and exit ports. The diameter 'b' of the
                       light-exit port shall be equal to 2.a.tan 4°, where 'a' is the diameter of the sphere.
                       The photoelectric cell shall be mounted in such a way that it cannot be reached by light coming directly from the
                       entrance port or from the reflectance standard.
                       The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere and the reflectance standard shall be of substantially equal
                       reflectance and shall be mapped and non-selective.
                       The output of the photoelectric cell should be linear within ± 2 % over the range of light intensities used. The
                       design of the instrument shall be such that there is no galvanometer needle deflection when the sphere is
                       dark.
      (]) Suitable abrasive wheels may be obtained from Teledyne Taber (United States of America).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/18                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 1?. 4. 90
            The whole apparatus shall be checked at regular intervals by means of calibration standards of defined haze. If haze
            measurements are made using equipment or methods differing from those defined above, the result shall be
            corrected, if necessary, to bring them into agreement with those obtained by the apparatus decribed above.
                                                                              Photoelectric cell
                                                                                          Baffles
                                                  Integrating
                                                  sphere
                                                                                                              Light trap
                                                            Figure .5
                                                          Hazameter
     4.2.   Test conditions
            — temperature: 20 ± 5 °C,
            — pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar,
            — relative humidity: 60 ± 2 0 % .
     4.3.   Test pieces
            The test pieces shall be flat squares whose sides measure 100 mm having both surfaces substantially plane and
            parallel and having a fixing hole 6,4 + 0,2/ - 0 mm in diameter drilled in the centre, if necessary.
     4.4.   Procedure
            The test shall be carried out on that surface of the test piece which represents the outside face of the laminated-glass
            pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle and also on the inward face in the case of a glass with a plastic
            coating.
     4.4.1. Immediately before and after the abrasion, clean the test pieces in the following manner:
            (a) wipe with a linen cloth or under clean running water;
            (b) rinse with distilled or demineralized water;
            (c) blow dry with oxygen or nitrogen;
            (d) remove possible traces of water by rubbing softly with a damp linen cloth.
            If necessary dry by pressing lightly between two linen cloths. Any treatment with ultrasonic equipment shall be
            avoided. After cleaning the test pieces shall be handled only by their edges and shall be stored to prevent damage to,
            or contamination of, their surfaces.
     4.4.2. Condition the test pieces for a minimum of 48 hours at 20 ± 5 °C and 60 ± 2 0 % relative humidity.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/19
       4.4.3. Place the test piece immediately against the entrance port of the integrating sphere. The angle between the normal
              (perpendicular) to the surface of the test piece and the axis of the beam shall not exceed 8°.
              Take four readings as indicated in the following table:
                     Reading           With test piece     With light trap             With               Quality represented
                                                                               reflectance standard
                      T,                   No                   No                     Yes             Incident light
                      T2                   Yes                  No                     Yes             Total light transmitted
                                                                                                       by test piece
                      T3                   No                   Yes                    No              Light scattered by
                                                                                                       instrument
                      T4                   Yes                  Yes                    No              Light scattered by
                                                                                                       instrument and test piece
              Repeat the readings for Ti, T 2 , T 3 and T 4 with other specified positions of the test piece to determine
              uniformity.
              Calculate total transmittance T t = T 2 / T , .
              Calculate the diffuse transmittance T d as follows:
                                                                     T 4 - T 3 (T 2 /T,)
              Calculate the percentage haze, or light, or both, scattered, as follows:
                                                                  —     x 100%.
              Measure the initial haze of the test piece at a minimum of four equally-spaced points in the unabraided area in
              accordance with the formula above. Average the results for each test piece. In lieu of the four measurements an
              average value may be obtained by rotating the piece uniformly at three rev/sec or more.
              For each pane of safety glass carry out three tests under the same loading. Use the hazing as a measure of the
              subsurface abrasion after the test piece has been subjected to the abrasion test.
              Measure the light scattered by the abraided track at a minimum of four equally-spaced points along the track in
              accordance with the formula above. Average results for each test piece. In lieu of the four measurements an average
              value may be obtained by rotating the piece uniformly at three rev/sec or more.
       4.5.   The abrasion test will be carried out only at the discretion of the laboratory conducting the test with due regard to
              the information already at its disposal.
              Except where plastic-glass is used, there are changes in the interlayer or material thickness, further testing will as a
              general rule not be required.
       4.6.   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
              No secondary characteristics are involved.
       5.     HIGH TEMPERATURE TEST
       5.1.   Procedure
              Heat three square test specimens or three test pieces measuring at least 300 mm by 300 mm taken by the laboratory
              from three windscreens or panes, as appropriate, one of whose dimensions corresponds to the upper edge of the
              pane, to 100 °C.
              Maintain this temperature for two hours and then allow the test specimen or specimens to cool down to room
              temperature. If both the external surfaces of the safety glass pane are of inorganic material the tests may be carried
              out by immersing the test specimen vertically in boiling water for the specified period of time, care being taken to
              avoid undue thermal shock. If the specimens are cut from windscreens one edge of each such test specimen shall be
              part of an edge of the windscreen.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/20                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 12. 4. 90
     5.2.       Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                                                       Colourless                 Tinted
                Colouring of the interlayer:                                                1                        2
                The other secondary characteristics are not involved.
     5.3.       Interpretation of results
     5.3.1.     The test for resistance to high temperature shall be considered to give a positive result if bubbles or other defects are
                not formed more than 15 mm from an uncut edge or 25 mm from a cut edge of the test piece or sample or more than
                10 mm away from any cracks which may occur during the test.
     5.3.2.     The set of test pieces or samples submitted for component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory from the
                point of view of the high-temperature test if either of the following conditions is fulfilled:
     5.3.2.1.   all of the tests give a satisfactory result; or
     5.3.2.2.   one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces or
                samples gives satisfactory results.
     6.         RESISTANCE-TO-RADIATION TEST
     6.1.       Test method
     6.1.1.      Apparatus
     6.1.1.1.   Radiation source consisting of a medium-pressure mercury-vapour arc lamp with a tubular quartz bulb of
                the ozone-free type. The bulb axis shall be vertical. The nominal dimensions of the lamp shall be 360 mm in
                length by 9,5 mm in diameter. The arc length shall be 300 ± 4 mm. The lamp shall be operated at
                750 ± 50 W.
                Any other source of radiation which produces the same effects as the lamp specified above may be used. To check
                that the effects of another source are the same, a comparison shall be made by measuring the amount of energy
                emitted within a wavelength range of 300 to 450 nanometers, all other wavelengths being removed by the use of
                suitable filters. The alternative source shall then be used with these filters.
                In the case of safety glass panes for which there is no satisfactory correlation between this test and the conditions of
                use it will be necessary to review the test conditions.
     6.1.1.2.   Power supply transformer and capacitor capable of supplying to the lamp (item 1.1.1) a starting peak voltage of
                1 100 V minimum and an operating voltage of 500 ± 50 volts.
     6.1.1.3.   Device for mounting and rotating the test specimens at 1 to 5 rev/min about the centrally located radiation source
                in order to ensure even exposure.
     6.1.2.     Test specimens
     6.1.2.1.   The size of the test specimens shall be 76 x 300 mm.
     6.1.2.2.   The test specimens shall be cut by the laboratory from the upper part of the panes in such a way that:
                — in the case of glazing other than windscreens the upper edge of the test specimens coincides with the upper edge
                    of the panes,
                — in the case of windscreens the upper edge of the test specimens coincides with the upper limit of the zone in
              '     which regular transmittance is to be checked and determined in accordance with item 9.1.2.2 of this
                    Annex.
     6.1.3.     Procedure
                Check the regular light transmittance, determined in accordance with items 9.1.1 to 9.1.2 in this Annex, of three
                test specimens before exposure.
                Protect a portion of each test specimen from the radiation, and then place the test specimen in the test apparatus
                230 mm from and parallel lengthwise to the lamp axis. Maintain the temperature of the test specimens at 45 ± 5°
                throughout the test. The face of each test specimen which would constitute the outer face of the vehicle glazing shall
                face the lamp. For the type of lamp specified in item 6.1.1.1 the exposure time shall be 100 hours.
                After exposure, measure the regular light transmittance again in the exposed area of each test specimen.
     6.1.4.     Each test piece or sample (total number three pieces) shall, in accordance with the above procedure, be subjected to
                radiation on each point of the test piece or sample such that the radiation produces on the interlayer used the same
                effect as that which would be produced by solar radiation of 1 400 W/m 2 for 100 hours.
     6.2.       Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                                                   Colourless                 Tinted
                Colouring of glass:                                                     2                       1
                Colouring of interlayer:                                                1                       2
                The other secondary characteristics are not involved.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                         No C 95/21
       6.3.            Interpretation of results
       6.3.1.           The test for resistance to radiation shall be deemed to have given a positive result if the following conditions are
                        fulfilled:
       6.3.1.1.         the total light transmittance measured in accordance with items 9.1.1 to 9.1.2 in this Annex does not fall below
                        9 5 % of the original value before irradiation and, in any case, does not fall below:
       6.3.1.1.1.       70 % in the case of glazing other than windscreens, which must meet the requirements concerning the drivers field
                        of vision in all directions;
       6.3.1.1.2.       75 % in the case of windscreens, within the zone in which regular transmittance is to be checked, as defined in item
                        9.1.2.2 below;
       6.3.1.2.         the test piece or sample may, however, show a slight coloration after irradiation when examined against a white
                        background, but no other defect may be apparent.
       6.3.2.           A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the
                        resistance to radiation tests if either of the following conditions is fulfilled:
       6.3.2.1.         all the tests give a satisfactory result; or
       6.3.2.2.         one test having given an unsatisfactory result a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces or
                        samples gives satisfactory results.
       7.               RESISTANCE TO HUMIDITY TEST
       7.1.             Procedure
                        Keep three samples or test pieces of at least 300 x 300 mm vertically for two weeks in a closed container in which
                        the temperature is maintained at 50 ± 2 °C and the relative humidity is 95 ± 4 % (l).
                        Test specimens shall be prepared in such a way that:
                        — one edge of each test specimen shall be part of an original edge of the pane,
                        — should several test specimens be tested at the same time adequate spacing shall be provided between
                             them.
                        Precautions shall be taken to prevent condensate from the walls or ceiling of the test chamber from falling on the
                        test specimens.
       7.2.             Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                                  Colourless                Tinted
                        Colouring of interlayer                         1                      2
                        The other secondary characteristics are not involved.
       7.3.             Interpretation of results
       7.3.1.           Safety glazing shall be deemed to be satisfactory from the point of view of resistance to humidity if no significant
                        change is observed more than 10 mm from the uncut edges or more than 15 mm away from the cut edges, following
                        a stay of two hours in the ambient atmosphere by ordinary untreated laminated glass, and of 48 hours in the
                        ambient atmosphere by plastic coated and plastic glazing.
       7.3.2.           A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
                        resistance to humidity if either of the following conditions is met:
       7.3.2.1.         all the tests give a satisfactory result;
       7.3.2.2.         one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of test carried out an a new set of samples gives
                        satisfactory results.
       8.               TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE
       8.1.             Test methods
                        Two 300 x 300 mm test pieces shall be placed in an enclosed chamber for six hours at a temperature of
                         - 40 ± 5 °C; they shall then be placed in the ambient air at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C for an hour or until the test
                        pieces have reached a stable temperature. They shall then be placed in an air flow at a temperature of 72 ± 2° for
                        three hours. The test pieces shall then be examined after they have been returned to the ambient air at 23 ± 2 °C
                        and cooled to that temperature.
       (') The test conditions do not allow any condensation on the test pieces.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/22                                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                                   12. 4. 90
     8.2.             Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                                                 Colourless             Tinted
                      Colouring of plastic interlayer or coating:                     1                    2
                      No other secondary characteristics are involved.
     8.3.             Interpretation of the results
                      The testing of resistance to changes in temperature shall be considered to have a given positive result if the test
                      pieces display no cracking, opacification, exfoliation or other obvious deterioration.
     9.               OPTICAL QUALITIES
     9.1.             Light transmission test
     9.1.1.            Apparatus
     9.1.1.1.         Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp having its filament contained in a parallelepiped measuring
                       1,5 x 1,5 x 3 mm. The voltage at the lamp filament shall be such that the colour temperature is 2 856 ± 50 K.
                      This voltage shall be stabilized within ± 1 /1000. The instrument used to check the voltage shall be of appropriate
                      accuracy.
     9.1.1.2.         Optical system consisting of a lens with a focal length of at least 500 mm and corrected for chromatic abberations.
                      The full aperture of the lens shall not exceed f/20. The distance between the lens and the light source shall be so
                      adjusted as to obtain a light beam which is substantially parallel. A diaphragm shall be inserted to limit the
                      diameter of the light beam to 7 ± 1 mm. This diaphragm shall be situated at a distance of 100 ± 50 mm from the
                      lens on the side remote from the light source. The point of measurement shall be taken at the centre of the light
                      beam.
     9.1.1.3.         Measuring equipment
                      The receiver shall have a relative spectral sensitivity in substantial agreement with the relative ICI (') spectral
                      luminous efficiency for photopic vision. The sensitive surface of the receiver shall be covered with a diffusing
                      medium and shall have at least twice the cross section of the parallel light beam emitted by the optical system. If an
                      integrating sphere is used the aperture of the sphere shall have a cross sectional area at least twice that of the parallel
                      portion of the beam.
                      The linearity of the receiver and the associated measuring instrument shall be better than 2 % of the effective part of
                      the scale.
                      The centre of the receiver shall coincide with the axis of the light beam.
     9.1.2.            Procedure
                      Adjust the instrument indicating the response of the receiver so that it indicates 100 divisions when the safety-glass
                      pane is not inserted in the light path.
                      When no light is falling on the receiver the instrument shall read zero.
                      Place the safety-glass pane at a distance from the receiver equal to approximately five times the diameter of the
                      receiver. Insert the safety glass pane between the diaphragm and the receiver and adjust its inclination in such a way
                      that the angle of the incidence of the light beam is equal to ± 5 °. The regular transmittance shall be measured on
                      the safety-glass pane, and for every point measured the number of divisions, 'n', shown on the indicating
                      instrument, shall be read. The regular transmittance Z is equal to n/100.
     9.1.2.1.         In the case of windscreens, alternative test methods may be applied using either a test piece cut from the flattest part
                      of a windscreen or a specially prepared flat square with material and thickness characteristics identical to those of
                      the actual windscreen, the measurements being taken normal (perpendicular) to the glass pane.
     9.1.2.2.         In the case of windscreens intended for category-Mi vehicles, the test shall be carried out in the zone B defined in
                      Annex IIF. In the case of all other vehicles the test shall be carried out in zone I provided for in item 9.2.5.2.3 in this
                      Annex.
     9.1.3.           Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                                                                              Colourless           Tinted
                       Colouring of the glass:                                                                    1                   2
                       Colouring of the interlayer (in the case of laminated windscreens):                        1                   2
     (*) International Commission on Illumination.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                           No C 95/23
                                                                                     Not included        Included
                  Shade and /or obscuration bands:                                          1                 2
                  The other secondary characteristics are not involved.
       9.1.4.     Interpretation of results
       9.1.4.1.   The regular transmittance measured in accordance with item 9.1.2 shall not, in the case of windscreeens, be less
                  than 75 % and, in the case of windows other than windscreens, shall not be less than 7 0 % .
       9.1.4.2.   In the case of windows situated at points which are not essential to the drivers field of vision (glazed roof, for
                  example), the regular transmittance factor of the light from the pane may be less than 70 %. Windows having a
                  regular light transmittance factor of less than 7 0 % shall be marked with an appropriate symbol.
       9.2.       Optical-distortion test
       9.2.1.      Scope
                  The method specified is a projection method which permits evaluation of the optical distortion of a safety-glass
                  pane.
       9.2.1.1.    Definitions
       9.2.1.1.1. Optical deviation: the angle between the true and apparent direction of a point viewed through the safety-glass
                  pane, the magnitude of the angle being a function of the angle of incidence of the line of sight, the thickness and
                  inclination of the glass pane and the radius of curvature at the point of incidence.
       9.2.1.1.2. Optical distortion in a direction M M ' : the algebraic difference in angular deviation A a measured between two
                  points M and M' on the surface of the safety-glass pane, the distance between the two points being such that their
                  projections in a plane at right angles to the direction of vision are separated by a given distance A x (see
                  Figure 6).
                  Anti-clockwise deviation should be regarded as positive and clockwise deviation as negative.
       9.2.1.1.3. Optical distortion at a point M: the optical-distortion maximum for all directions M M ' from the point M.
       9.2.1.2.    Apparatus
                  This method entails the projection of an appropriate slide (raster) onto the display screen through the safety-glass
                  pane being tested. The change caused in the shape of the projected image by the insertion of the safety-glass pane in
                  the line of sight provides a measure of the distortion. The apparatus shall comprise the following items, arranged as
                  shown in Figure 9.
                   Notes: A a = o^ - a 2 , i.e. the optical distortion in the direction M M ' .
                            Ax = MC          i.e. the distance between two straight lines parallel to the direction of vision and passing
                                             through the points M and M' .
                                                                  Figure 6
                                            Diagrammatic representation of optical distortion
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/24                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                              12. 4. 90
                                 Slide (raster)                                                     Diaphragm
                      Light source                   Condenser                             Lens
                                                                Figure 7
                                                 Optical arrangement of the projector
     9.2.1.2.1. Projector, of good quality, with a high-intensity point light source, having for example the following
                characteristics:
                —    focal length of at least 90 mm,
                —    aperture approximately 1/2,5,
                —    150 W quartz halogen lamp (used without a filter),
                —    250 W quartz halogen lamp (if used with a green filter).
                                                                Figure 8
                                                      Enlarged section of the slide
                The projector is shown schematically in Figure 7. A diaphragm of 8 mm diameter is positioned approximately
                100 mm from the front lens.
     9.2.1.2.2. Slides (rasters) consisting, for example, of an array of bright circular shapes on a dark background (see Figure 8).
                The slides shall be of sufficiently high quality and contrast to enable measurements to be carried out with an error
                of less than 5 %. In the absence of the safety-glass pane to be examined the dimensions of the circular shape shall be
                such that when they are projected they form an array of circles of diameter
                R, + R2
                            A on the screen, where A       = 4 mm (see Figures 6 and 9).
                    Ri
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/25
                        Projector
           Diaphragm
                       It                      R,
                                                     Rake angle
                                                                                                          Viewing direction
               R,=4m
               R2 = 2 m to 4 m (4 m preferred)
                                                                  Figure 9
                                        Arrangement of the apparatus for the optical-distortion test
       9.2.1.2.3.    Support stand, preferably one permitting vertical and horizontal scanning, as well as rotation of the safety-glass
                     pane.
       9.2.1.2.4.    Checking template for measuring changes in dimensions where a rapid assessment is desired. A suitable design is
                     shown in Figure 10.
                                                                 Figure 10
                                                  Design for a suitable checking template
       9.2.1.3.      Procedure
       9.2.1.3.1.    General
                     Mount the safety-glass pane on the support stand (item 9.2.1.3.2) at the specified rake angle. Project the test image
                     through the area being examined. Rotate the safety-glass pane or move it either horizontally or vertically in order
                     to examine the whole of the specified area.
       9.2.1.3.2.    Assessment using a checking template
                     Where a rapid assessment with a possible margin of error of up to 20 % is sufficient, calculate the value of A (see
                     Figure 10) from the limit value Aa L for the change in deviation and the value of R 2 , for the distance from the
                     safety-glass pane to the display screen:
                                                                   A = 0,145 Aa L • R2
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/26                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                            12. 4. 90
                The relationship between the change in diameter of the projected image Ad and the change in angular deviation Aa
                is given by:
                                                                  Ad = 0,29 Aa • R2
                where:
                 Ad     is  in  millimeters,
                A       is  in  millimeters,
                 Aa L   is  in  minutes of an arc,
                 Aa     is  in  minuts of an arc,
                 R2     is  in  metres.
     9.2.1.3.3.  Measurements using a photoelectric device
                 Where a precise measurement with a possible margin of error of less than 10% of the limit value is required,
                 measure Ad on the projection axis, the value of the spot width being taken at the point where the luminance is 0,5
                 times the maximum spot-luminance value.
     9.2.1.4.   E x p r e s s i o n of r e s u l t s
                Evaluate the optical distortion of the safety-glass panes by measuring Ad at any point on the surface and in all
                directions in order to find Ad max.
     9.2.1.5.   Alternative method
                In addition, a strioscopic technique is permitted as an alternative to the projection techniques, provided that the
                accuracy of the measurements given in items 9.2.1.3.2 and 9.2.1.3.3 is maintained.
     9.2.1.6.   The distance Ax shall be 4 mm.
     9.2.1.7.   The windscreen shall be mounted at the same rake angle as on the vehicle.
     9.2.1.8.   The projection axis in the horizontal plane shall be maintained approximately normal to the trace of the windsceen
                in that plane.
     9.2.2.      The measurements shall be performed:
     9.2.2.1.   in the case of category M, vehicles (a) in Zone A extended to the median plane of the vehicle and in the part of the
                windscreen corresponding symmetrically to that zone in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle
                and (b) in zone B;
     9.2.2.2.   in the case of vehicles in categroies M and N other than M t , in zone I as defined in item 9.2.5.2 in this
                Annex.
     9.2.2.3.   T y p e of v e h i c l e
                The tests shall be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted on a vehicle of a type which has a different forward
                field of vision from that of the vehicle type for which the windscreen has already been component type approved.
     9.2.3.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
     9.2.3.1.   Nature of the material
                                        Polished plate glass                 Float glass               Sheet glass
                                                     1                            1                         2
     9.2.3.2.   Other secondary characteristics
                No other secondary characteristics are involved.
     9.2.4.     Number of samples
                Four samples shall be submitted for testing.
     9.2.5.     Definitions of zones
     9.2.5.1.   In the case of windscreens fitted to category Mi vehicles, zones A and B are those defined in Annex II F.
     9.2.5.2.   In the case of category M and N vehicles other than those in category M 1 ; the zones are defined starting
                from:
     9.2.5.2.1. an ocular point normal to the R point for the driver's seat and 625 mm above that point in the vertical plane parallel
                to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle for which the windscreen is intended, and passing through the axis
                of the steering wheel. This point is designated by O below;
     9.2.5.2.2. a line OQ, this being the horizontal straight line passing through ocular point O and running normal to the median
                longitudinal plane of the vehicle.
     9.2.5.2.3. Zone I — the zone of the windscreen bounded by the intersection of the windscreen with the four following
                planes:
                Pi — a vertical plane passing through the O point and forming an angle of 15° to the left of the median
                        longitudinal plane of the vehicle;
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                          No C 95/27
                  P2 — a vertical plane symmetrical to Pi in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle.
                          If such an arrangement is impossible (absence of median longitudinal plane of symmetry, for example), the
                          plane symmetrical to P t in relation to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle passing through the A point is
                           taken to be P 2 ;
                  P, — a plane containing right angle OQ and forming an angle of 10° above the horizontal plane;
                  P4 — a plane containing straight line OQ and forming an angle of 8° below the horizontal plane.
       9.2.6.     Interpretation of results
                  The type of windscreen shall be considered satisfactory as regards optical distortion if, in the four samples
                  submitted for testing, optical distortion does not, in each zone, exceed the following maximum values:
                                                                                                                 Maximum optical
                                Vehicle category                             z™.                                 distortion values
                  M,                                           A — Extent in accordance                           2' of an arc
                                                                    with item 9.2.2.1
                                                               B                                                  6' of an arc
                  M categories other than M,,
                  and N                                        I                                                  2' of an arc
       9.2.6.1.   No measurement shall be carried out in a 25 mm-wide peripheral zone on category M and N vehicles.
       9.2.6.2.   In the case of divided windscreens no check is performed within a band of 35 mm in width starting from the edge of
                  the pane, which may be adjacent to the screen divider.
       9.2.6.3.   A tolerance of up to 6' of an arc is permitted for all parts of zone I or of zone A at least 100 mm from the edges of the
                  windscreen.
       9.2.6.4.   Slight departures from the requirements are tolerated in zone B, provided that these are localized and mentioned in
                  the test report.
       9.3.       Secondary-image-separation test
       9.3.1.     Scope
                  Two test methods are recognidzed:
                  — target test, and
                  — collimator-telescope test.
                  These tests may be used for component type-approval, quality control or product evaluation purposes, as
                  appropriate.
       9.3.1.1.   T a r g e t test
       9.3.1.1.1. Apparatus
                  This method involves viewing an illuminated target through the safety-glass pane. The target may be designed in
                  such a way that the test can be carried out on a simple 'go-no go' basis. The target shall preferably be one of the
                  following types:
                  (a) an illuminated 'ring' target whose outer diameter, D, subtends an angle of N minutes of an arc at a point
                        situated at x metres (Figure 11a); or
                  (b) an illuminated 'ring and spot' target whose dimensions are such that the distance, D from a point on the edge of
                        the spot to the nearest point on the inside of the ring subtends and angle of n minutes of an arc at a point
                        situated at x metres (Figure l i b ) ;
                  where:
                  n    is the limit value of secondary-image separation,
                  x    is the distance from the safety-glass pane to the target (not less than 7 m),
                  D is given by the formula
                                                                        D = x. tan n.
                  The illuminated target consists of a light box, approximately 300 x 300 X 150 mm, whose front is most
                  inconveniently constructed of glass masked with opaque black paper or coated with matt black paint. The box
                  shall be illuminated by a suitable light source. The inside of the box shall be coated with matt white paint.
                  It may be convenient to use other forms of target such as that shown in Figure 14. It is also acceptable to replace the
                  target system by a projection system and to examine the resulting images on a screen.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/28                                 Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                                       12. 4 . 90
     9.3.1.1.2.    Procedure
                   Mount the safety glass pane at the specified rake angle on a suitable stand in such a way that the observation is
                   carried out in the horizontal plane passing through the centre of the target.
                   The light box shall be viewed, in a dark or semi-dark room, through each part of the area being examined, in order
                   to detect the presence of any secondary image associated with the illuminated target. Rotate the safety-glass pane as
                   necessary to ensure that the correct direction of view is maintained. A monocular may be used for viewing.
     9.3.1.1.3.    Expression of results
                   Determine whether,
                   — when the target is used (see Figure 11a), the primary and secondary images of the circle separate i.e. whether the
                       limit value of n is exceeded, or,
                   — when target (b) is used (see Figure l i b ) , the secondary image of the spot shifts beyond the point of tangency
                       with the inside edge of the circle, i.e. whether the limit value of n is exceeded.
                                                                                                                        12 mm
                                                                                                                        centre
                                                                                                                   y    spot
                                          V
                                Q
                                                         Slot width
                                                         2 mm
                                     D                                                   D
                   (a)                                                                                         (b)
                                 m      m
                                                                  Figure 11
                                                           Dimensions of targets
                                       Safety-glass pane                               Target                              Suitable
                                                                                                                           light
         Observation
                                                                                                                           source
         point     ^
                 Rake angle
                                                                  Figure 12
                                                        Arrangement of apparatus
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                           No C 95/29
                                Collimation telescope                                       Observation telescope
                                                                                   Safety-glass pane
                  1.     Lamp bulb.
                  2.     Condenser aperture > 8,6 mm.
                  3.     Ground-class screen aperture > condenser aperture.
                  4.     Colour filter with central hole approximately 0,3 mm in diameter; diameter > 8,6 mm.
                  5.     Polar-coordinate plate, diameter > 8,6 mm.
                  6.     Achromatic lens, f ^ 86 mm, aperture 10 mm.
                  7.     Achromatic lens, f ^ 86 mm, aperture 10 mm.
                  8.     Black spot, diameter approximatelx 0,3 mm.
                  9.     Achromatic lens, f = 20 mm, aperture < 10 mm.
                                                                 Figure 13
                                                 Apparatus for collimation-telescope test
       9.3.1.2.   Collimation-telescope test
                  If necessary, the procedure described in this paragraph shall be applied.
       9.3.1.2.1. Apparatus
                  The apparatus comprises a collimator and a telescope and may be set up in accordance with Figure 19. However,
                  any equivalent optical system may be used.
       9.3.1.2.2. Procedure
                  The collimation telescope forms, at infinity, the image of a polar coordinate system with a bright point at its centre
                  (see Figure 14).
                  In the focal plane of the observation telescope a small opaque spot with a diameter slightly larger than that of the
                  projected bright point is placed on the optical axis, thus obscuring the bright point.
                  When a test piece which exhibits a secondary image is placed between the telescope and the collimator a second,
                  less bright, point appears at a certain distance from the centre of the polar coordinate system. The secondary image
                  separation can be read out as the distance between the points seen through the observation telescope (see
                  Figure 14).
                  (The distance between the dark spot and the bright spot at the centre of the polar coordinate system represents the
                  optical deviation).
       9.3.1.2.3. Expression of results
                  The safety glass pane shall first be examined by a simple scanning technique to establish the area giving the
                  strongest secondary image.
                  That area shall then be examined by the collimator-telescope system at the appropriate angle of incidence. The
                  maximum secondary-image separation shall then be measured.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/30                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                        12. 4. 90
                                                             Figure 14
                               Example of observation by the collimation-telescope test method
    9.3.1.3. The direction of observation in the horizontal plane shall be maintained approximately normal to the trace of the
             windscreen in that plane.
    9.3.2.   The measurements shall be carried out in accordance with the vehicle categories in the zones as defined in item
             9.2.2 above.
    9.3.2.1. Vehicle type
             The test shall be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted on a vehicle of a type which has a forward field of
             vision different from that of the type of vehicle for which the windscreen has already been component type
             approved.
    9.3.3.   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
    9.3.3.1. N a t u r e of t h e m a t e r i a l
                                          Polished plate glass         Float glass        Sheet glass
                                                   1                        1                  2
    9.3.3.2. Other secondary characteristics
             No other secondary characteristics are involved.
    9.3.4.   Number of samples
             Four samples shall be submitted for testing.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                          No C 95/31
       9.3.5.   Interpretation of results
                A type of windscreen shall be considered satisfactory as regards secondary-image separation if, in the four samples
                submitted for testing, separation of the primary and secondary image does not exceed the following maximum
                values for each zone:
                                                                                                      Maximum values for separation
                             Vehicle category                                Zone
                                                                                                     of primary and secondary images
                M,                                            A — Extent in accordance                        15' of an arc
                                                                    with item 9.2.2.1
                                                              B                                               25' of an arc
                Category M other than Mi and N                I                                               15' of an arc
                                                                                                 1
       9.3.5.1. No measurement shall be carried out in a 25 mm-wide peripheral zone in the case of category M and N
                vehicles.
       9.3.5.2. In the case of divided windscreens no check is performed within a band 35 mm in width, starting from the edge of
                the pane, which may be adjacent to the screen divider.
       9.3.5.3. A tolerance o f u p t o 2 5 ' ofan arc is permitted for all of the parts ofzonelorof zone A situated less than 100 mm
                from the edges of the windscreen.
       9.3.5.4. Slight departures from the requirements are tolerated in zone B provided that these are localized and mentioned in
                the test report.
       9.4.     Identification-of-colours test
                When a windscreen is tinted in the zones defined in item 9.2.5.1 or 9.2.5.2 four windscreens shall be tested for
                identifiability of the following colours:
                — white,
                — selective yellow,
                — red,
                — green,
                — - blue,
                — amber.
       10.      FIRE-RESISTANCE TEST
       10.1.    Purpose and scope
                This method enables the horizontal burning rate of the materials used in the passenger compartment of motor
                vehicles (passenger cars, lorries, station wagons, motor buses) to be determined after exposure to a small
                flame.
                This method permi is testing of the materials and coverings used inside vehicles to be tested either individually or in
                combination up to a thickness of 13 mm. It is used to judge the uniformity of production batches of such materials
                in respect of their burning behaviour.
                Because of the many differences between the real-world situation and the precise test conditions prescribed herein
                (application and orientation within a vehicle, conditions of use, ignition sources, etc.) this method cannot be
                considered to be suitable for evaluation of all true in-vehicle burning characteristics.
       10.2.    Definitions
       10.2.1.  Burning rate: the quotient of the burnt distance, measured in accordance with this method, and the time taken to
                burn at that distance.
                It is expressed in millimetres per minute.
       10.2.2.  Composite material: a material consisting of several layers of similar or different materials closely held together at
                their surface by cementing, bonding, cladding, welding, etc.
                When different materials are connected together intermittently (for example by sewing, high frequency welding,
                riveting, etc.), thus permitting the taking of individual samples in accordance with item 10.5, such materials shall
                not be considered to be composite materials.
       10.2.3.  Exposed side: the side which is facing towards the passenger compartment when the material is fitted to the
                vehicle.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/32                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                              12. 4. 90
     10.3.   Principle
             A sample is held horizontally in a U-shaped holder and is exposed to the action of a defined low-energy flame for 15
             seconds in a combustion chamer, the flame acting on the free edge of the sample. The test determines whether and
             when the flame is extinguished, or the time the flame requires to travel over a measured distance.
     10.4.    Apparatus
     10.4.1. Combustion chamber (Figure 15), preferably made of stainless steel, having the dimensions given in
             Figure 16.
             The front of the chamber contains a flame-proof observation window, which may cover the entire front and which
             can act as an access panel.
             The bottom of the chamber has vent holes and the top has a vent slot all around.
             The combustion chamber is placed on four feet, 10 mm high. The chamber may have a hole at one end for the
             introduction of the sample holder containing the sample; in the opposite end a hole is provided for the gas-supply
             line. Melted material is caught in a pan (see Figure 17) which is placed on the bottom of the chamber between the
             vent holes without covering any of them.
                                                           Figure IS
                            Example of combustion chamber with sample holder and drip pan
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 95/33
                                 Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                                                         385
                                                     Vent slot
                                                                \
                                                               :£        Jl            J             Q.
                                             Gas burner
                                                          Figure 16
                                               Example of combustion chamber
                                Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                336                                         16
                                                           Figure 17
                                                       Typical drip pan
       10.4.2. Sample holder consisting of two U-shaped metal plates or frames of corrosion-proof material. The dimensions are
               given in Figure 18.
               The lower plate is equipped with pins and the upper one with corresponding holes in order to ensure a consistent
               holding of the sample. The pins also serve as measuring points at the beginning and end of the burning
               distance.
               Intervals over the bottom U-shaped frame (see Figure 19).
               The lower side of the sample shall be 178 mm above the floor plate; the distance of the front edge of the sample
               holder from end of the chamber shall be 22 mm; the distances of the longitudinal sides of the sample holder from
               the sides of the chamber shall be 50 mm (all inside dimensions) (see Figures 15 and 16).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/34                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                              12. 4. 90
                                  Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                                                                            i x 4i       Cover
                                                                                                                      >• plate
                                                                                                                _
                                                                                     ZZD             n i n
                                                                                                    aiii'ioi i • •
                                                                                                    /**-J,.   I   r^s
                                                                                                                 *—>
                  ^f                                 330
                                                                                                   Sample
                                                      -•-                -o-
         o     o     1—
         o     •H    o
               o
             , -J
                     "r            *-                 -•-
                                      127 ± 0,2
               2 \
                              38                   254 ± 0,2
                                                     (356)
                             ,                        361
                                                                   Figure 18
                                                          Example of sample holder
                                      Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                                        Grooves 0,5 x 0,5
                         Outer frame side
                                   Grooves 2 x 2
                                                                   Figure 19
                                  Example of section lower U-frame design for wire support facility
     10.4.3.      Gas burner
                  The small ignition source is provided by a Bunsen burner having an inside diameter of 9,5 mm. It is so located in the
                  test cabinet that the centre of its nozzle is 19 mm below the centre of the bottom edge of the open end of the sample
                  (see Figure 16).
     10.4.4.      Test gas
                  The gas supplied to the burner shall have calorific value of about 38 MJ/m 3 (for example natural gas).
     10.4.5.      Metal comb, at least 110 mm in length, with seven or eight smooth rounded teeth per 25 mm.
     10.4.6.      Stop-watch, accurate to 0,5 sec.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                              Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                                  No C 95/35
       10.4.7. Fume cupboard
               The cumbustion chamber may be placed in a fume-cupboard assembly provided that the latter's internal volume is
               at least 20 times, but not more than 110 times, greater than the volume of the combustion chamber and provided
               that no single height, width, or length dimension of the fume cupboard is greater than 2V2 times either of the other
               two dimensions.
               Before the test the vertical velocity of the air through the fume cupboard shall be measured 100 mm forward of and
               to the rear of the ultimate site of the combustion chamber. It shall be between 0,10 and 0,30 m/s in order to avoid
               possible discomfort to the operator from combustion products. It shall be possible to use a fume cupboard with
               natural ventilation and an appropriate air velocity.
       10.5.   Samples
       10.5.1. Shape and dimension
               The shape and dimensions of samples are given in Figure 20. The thickness of the sample corresponds to the
               thickness of the product to be tested. It shall not be more than 13 mm. When sample-taking so permits, the sample
               shall have a constant section over its entire length. When the shape and dimensions of a product do not permit a
               sample of a given size to be taken, the following minimum dimensions shall be maintained:
               (a) for samples having a width of 3 to 60 mm, the length shall be 356 mm. In this case the material is tested over
                    the product width;
               (b) for a sample having a width of 60 to 100 mm the length shall be at least 138 mm. In this case the potential
                     burning distance corresponds to the length of the sample, the measurement starting at the first measuring
                     point;
               (c) samples less than 60 mm wide and less than 356 mm long, and samples 60 to 100 mm wide and less than
                    138 mm long cannot be tested in accordance with the present method, nor can samples less than 3 mm
                    wide.
       10.5.2.  Sampling
               At least five samples shall be taken from the material under test. In materials having burning rates differing
               according to the direction of the material (this being established by preliminary tests) the five (or more) samples
               shall be taken and placed in the test apparatus in such a way that the highest burning rate will be measured. When
               the material is supplied in set widths a length of at least 500 mm covering the entire width shall be cut. From the
               piece so cut the samples shall be taken at a point not less than 100 mm from the edge of the material and at points
               equidistant from each other.
               Samples shall be taken in the same way from finished products when the shape of the product so permits. If the
               thickness of the product is over 13 mm it shall be reduced to 13 mm by a mechanical process applied to the side
               which does not face a passenger compartment.
               Composite materials (see item 10.2.2) shall be tested as if they were homogeneous.
               In the case of materials comprising superimposed layers of different composition which are not considered to be
               composite materials, all the layers of material included within a depth of 13 mm from the surface facing towards
               the passenger compartment shall be tested individually.
                                                      Dimensions in millimetres
                                        38                      254
                                                     127
                                                               1
                                                                 356
                                                                Figure 20
                                                                  Sample
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/36                           Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                                        12. 4 . 90
     10.5.3. Conditioning
             The samples shall be coditioned for at least 24 hours, but not more than seven days, at a temperature of
             23 =fc 2 °C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5 % and be maintained under these conditions until immediately prior
             to testing.
     10.6.   Procedures
     10.6.1. Place samples with napped or tufted surfaces on a flat surface, and comb twice against the nap using the comb (item
             10.4.5).
     10.6.2. Place the sample in the sample holder (item 10.4.2) so that the exposed side faces downwards towards the
             flame.
     10.6.3. Adjust the gas flame to a height of 38 mm using the mark on the chamber, the air intake of the burner being closed.
             The flame shall burn for at least one minute, for stabilization, before the first test is started.
     10.6.4. Push the sample-holder into the combustion chamber so that the end of the sample is exposed to the flame, and
             after 15 seconds cut off the gas flow.
     10.6.5. Measurement of the burning time starts at the moment when the foot of the flame passes the first measuring point.
             Observe the flame propagation on the side (upper or lower) which burns faster.
     10.6.6. Measurement of the burning time is completed when the flame has come to the last measuring point or when the
             flame is extinguished before reaching that point. If the flame does not reach the last measuring point, measure the
             burnt distance up to the point where the flame is extinguished. The burnt distance is that part of the sample
             destroyed, on the surface or inside, by burning.
     10.6.7. If the sample does not ignite or does not continue burning after the burner has been extinguished, or the flame goes
             out before reaching the first measuring point, so that no burning time can be measured, note in the test report that
             the burning speed is 0 mm/min.
     10.6.8. When running a series of tests or performing repeat tests make sure before starting a test that the temperature of the
             combustion chamber and sample holder does not exceed 30 °C.
     10.7.   Calculation
             The burning rate B, in mm per minute, is given by the formula:
                                                                B = - x 60
                                                                        t
             where:
             s is the burnt distance, in millimeters,
             t is the time, in seconds, taken to burn the distance s.
     10.8.   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
             No secondary characteristics are involved.
     10.9.   Interpretation of results
             Plastic coated (item 2.3 in Annex I) and plastic safety glazing (item 2.4 in Annex I) should be considered
             satisfactory from the point of view of burning behaviour (fire resistance) if the burn rate does not exceed 250 mm
             minute.
     11.     TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHEMICAL AGENTS
     11.1.   Chemical agents to be used
     11.1.1. Non-abrasive soapy solution: 1 % by weight of potassium oleate in de-ionized water.
     11.1.2. Window cleaning product: aqueous solution of isopropanol and of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, each at a
             concentration of 5 to 10% by weight, and of ammonium hydroxide at a concentration of 1 to 5 % by
             weight.
     11.1.3. Non-dilute denatured alcohol: one part by volume of methyl alcohol in 10 parts by volume of ethyl alcohol.
     11.1.4. Reference gasoline mixture of 50 % by volume of toluene, 3 0 % by volume of 2.2.4 trimethylpentane, 1 5 % by
             volume of 2.4.4 trimethyl-1-pentane and 5 % by volume of ethylalcohol.
     11.1.5. Reference kerosene: mixture of 5 0 % by volume of n-octane and 5 0 % by volume of n-decane.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                 Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                                   No C 95/37
       11.2.     Test method
                 Two 180 x 25 mm test pieces shall each be tested with chemical agents as provided for item 11.1 above, a new test
                 piece being used for each test and product.
                 Before each test the test pieces shall be cleaned in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, and then be
                 conditioned for 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5 %. These conditions
                 shall be maintained during the tests.
                 The test pieces shall be completely immersed in the test liquid for one minute, be withdrawn and then immediately
                 be dried with a clean absorbent cotton cloth.
       11.3.     Indices of difficulty of secondary characteristics
                                                                         Colourless             Tinted
                 Colouring of plastic interlayer, or coating:                   1                 2
                 No other secondary characteristics are involved.
       11.4.     Interpretation of the results
       11.4.1.   The test for resistance to chemical agents shall be considered to be positive if the test piece displays no softening,
                 stickiness, surface cracking or apparent loss of transparence.
       11.4.2.   A series of test pieces submitted for component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory as regards resistance
                 to chemical agents if one of the following conditions has been met:
       11.4.2.1. all the tests give positive results;
       11.4.2.2. a test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
                 satisfactory results.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/38                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 12. 4. 90
                                                             ANNEX      II B
                                      ORDINARY LAMINATED-GLASS WINDSCREEN
     1.       DEFINITION OF TYPE
              Windscreens made of ordinary laminated glass shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least
              one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
     1.1.     The principal characteristics are as follows:
     1.1.1.   the trade name or mark;
     1.1.2.   Shape and dimensions.
              Windscreens made of ordinary laminated glass shall be considered to form an integral part of a group in respect of
              the mechanical-property and resistance-to-the-ambient environment tests.
     1.1.3.   Number of layers of glass
     1.1.4.   The nominal thickness 'e' of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of 0,2 n mm being permitted on either side
              of the nominal value, where n is the number of layers of glass in the windscreen.
     1.1.5.   The nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers
     1.1.6.   The nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers e.g. PVB or other plastic-material interlayer or interlayers
     1.2.     The secondary characteristics are as follows:
     1.2.1.   the nature of the material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass);
     1.2.2.   the colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted);
     1.2.3.   the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted);
     1.2.4.   the presence or absence of conductors;
     1.2.5.   the presence or absence of obscuration bands.
     2.       GENERAL
     2.1.     In the case of ordinary laminated-glass windscreens the tests, other than the headform tests (item 3.2) and those on
              optical qualities, shall be carried out on flat test pieces which are either cut from actual windscreens or are specially
              made. In either case the test pieces shall in all respects be rigorously representative of the windscreens for the
              production of which component type-approval is sought.
     2.2.     Before each test the test pieces shall be stored for at least four hours at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests shall
              be performed as soon as possible after the test pieces have been taken out of the recepticle in which they were
              stored.
     3.       HEADFORM TEST
     3.1.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
              No secondary characteristics are involved.
     3.2.     Headform test on complete windscreen
     3.2.1.   Number of samples
              Four samples from the batch having the smallest developed area and four from the batch having the largest
              developed area, selected in accordance with Annex II E, will be submitted to the tests.
     3.2.2.   Test methods
     3.2.2.1. The method used should be that described in item 3.3.2 in Annex II A.
     3.2.2.2. The height of drop shall be 1,5 m ± 0/5 mm.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                     Official Journal of the European Communities                                           No C 95/39
       3.2.3.       Interpretation of results
       3.2.3.1.     This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
       3.2.3.1.1.   the test piece yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact;
                    the closest crack being at the most 80 mm from the point of impact;
       3.2.3.1.2.   the glass layers shall remain bonded to the plastic interlayer. Several delaminations shall be accepted provided that
                    these are less than 4 mm wide on each side of the crack outside a circle having a diameter of 60 mm centred on the
                    point of impact;
       3.2.3.1.3.   on the side of the impact:
       3.2.3.1.3.1. the interlayer shall not be laid bare over an area of more than 20 cm 2 ;
       3.2.3.1.3.2. tearing of the interlayer shall be acceptable over a length of 35 mm.
       3.2.3.2.     A set of test pieces subjected to component type-approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of
                    view of behaviour under headform impact if one of the following two conditions is met:
       3.2.3.2.1.   all the tests give satisfactory results;
       3.2.3.2.2.   one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
                    satisfactory results.
       3.3.         Headform test on flat test pieces
       3.3.1.       Number of test pieces
                    Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 + 5 / - 2 mm x 500 + SI -2 mm should be submitted to testing.
       3.3.2.       Test method
       3.3.2.1.     The method used should be that described in item 3.3.1 in Annex II A.
       3.3.2.2.     The height of drop shall be 4 m + 2 5 / - 0 mm.
       3.3.3.       Interpretation of results
       3.3.3.1.     This test shall be deemed to have a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
       3.3.3.1.1.   the test piece yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of
                    impact;
       3.3.3.1.2.   tears in the interlayer are allowed, but the manikin's head must not pass through;
       3.3.3.1.3.   no large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayers;
       3.3.3.2.     a set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of behaviour
                    under head impact if one of the following conditions is met:
       3.3.3.2.1.   all the tests give satisfactory results; or
       3.3.3.2.2.   one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
                    satisfactory results.
      4.            MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST
       4.1.         Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                    No secondary characteristics are involved.
      4.2.          2 260 g ball-impact tests
      4.2.1.        Number of test pieces
                    Six flat square test pieces of 300 + 10/ - 0 mm per side should be subjected to testing.
      4.2.2.        Test method
      4.2.2.1.      The method used shall be that described in item 2.2 in Annex II A.
      4.2.2.2.      The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) shall be 4 m
                     + 2 5 / - 0 mm.
      4.2.3.        Interpretation of results
      4.2.3.1.      The test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the ball does not pass through the pane of glass within
                    five seconds from the time of impact.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/40                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                             12. 4. 90
     4.2.3.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
                the 2 260 g ball-impact test if one of the following conditions is met:
     4.2.3.2.1. all the tests have given a satisfactory result;
     4.2.3.2.2. one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
                satisfactory results.
     4.3.       227 g ball-impact test
     4.3.1.     Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristic
                No secondary characteristics are involved.
     4.3.2.     Number of test pieces
                Twenty square test pieces of 300 ± 0 mm shall be submitted to testing.
     4.3.3.      Test methods
     4.3.3.1.   The method used shall be that described in item 2.1 in Annex II A. Ten examples shall be subjected to a test at a
                temperature of +40 ± 2 °C and 10 at a temperature of - 2 0 ± 2 °C.
     4.3.3.2.   Height of drop for the various thickness categories and the mass of the fragments detached set out in the following
                table:
                                                                + 40°C                                       -20°C
                  Thickness of test piece                                   Maximum                                    Maximum
                                                 Height of drop          authorized mass      Height of drop        authorized mass
                                                                           of fragments                               of fragments
                            mm                       m(*)                        g                m(*)                      g
                           e <  4,5                     9                       12                  8,5                    12
                  4,5 < e    <  5,5                    10                       15                  9                      15
                   5,5 < e   <  6,5                    11                       20                  9,5                    20
                           e >  6,5                    12                       25                10                       25
                     A tolerence of + 2 5 / - 0 mm is permitted for the height of drop.
     4.3.4.     Interpretation of results
     4.3.4.1.   The test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
                — the ball does not pass through the test piece,
                — the test piece does not smash into several pieces,
                — if the interlayer is not torn the weight of the fragments detached from the side of the glass opposite to the point
                     of impact does not exceed the appropriate values specified in item 4.3.3.2.
     4.3.4.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the 227 g
                ball-impact test if one of the following conditions is met:
     4.3.4.2.1. at least eight tests carried out at each of the test temperatures have given a satisfactory result,
     4.3.4.2.2. more than two tests at each of the test temperatures have given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests
                carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
     5.         RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT TEST
     5.1.       Abrasion
     5.1.1.     Indices of difficulty and test methods
                The requirements of item 4 in Annex II A shall apply, the test shall be continued for 1 000 cycles.
     5.1.2.     Interpretation of results
                Safety glass shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of abrasion resistance if the light scattered as a
                result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2 %.
     5.2.       Resistance to high-temperature test
                The requirements set out in item 5 in Annex II A shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4 . 90                            Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                                    No C 95/41
        5.3.   Resistance-to-radiation tests
        5.3.1. General requirement
               This test shall be conducted only if the laboratory deems it useful in the light of the information in its possession
               concerning the interlayer.
        5.3.2. The requirements of item 6 in Annex II A shall apply.
        5.4.   Resistance-to-humidity tests
               The requirements of item 7 in Annex II A shall apply.
        6.     OPTICAL QUALITIES
               The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in item 9 in Annex II A shall apply to all types of
               windscreen.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/42                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                                12. 4. 90
                                                           ANNEX II C
                                     TREATED LAMINATED-GLASS WINDSCREEN
     1.     DEFINITION OF TYPE
            Windscreens made of treated laminated glass shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least one
            of the following main or secondary characteristics.
     1.1.   The principal characteristics are as follows:
     1.1.1. the trade name of mark;
     1.1.2. the shape and dimensions.
            Windscreens made of treated laminated glass shall be considered to form part of a single group for the
            fragmentation, mechanical properties and resistance to environment tests;
     1.1.3. a number of sheets of glass;
     1.1.4. the nominal thickness of 'e' of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerence of 0,2 n mm being acceptable on either
            side of the nominal value, where n is the number of sheets of glass in the windscreen;
     1.1.5. any special treatment which one or several sheets of glass has undergone;
     1.1.6. the nominal thickness of the interlayer(s);
     1.1.7. the nature and type of the interlayer(s) (e. g. PVB or other plastic interlayer).
     1.2.   The secondary characteristics are as follows:
     1.2.1. the nature of the material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass);
     1.2.2. the colouring (total or partial, colourless or tinted) of the interlayer or interlayers;
     1.2.3. the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted);
     1.2.4. the presence or absence of conductors;
     1.2.5. the presence or absence of obscuration bands.
     2.     GENERAL
     2.1.   In the case of treated laminated glass windscreens the headform tests shall be carried out on complete windscreens
            and the optical quality tests shall be carried out on samples and/or flat specimens especially designed to that effect.
            However, the test specimens must at all points be rigorously representative of the mass-produced windscreens for
            which type-approval is requested.
     2.2.   Before each test the pieces or samples shall be stored for four hours at least at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. Thetests
            should be formed as soon as possible after the test pieces or samples have been removed from the receptacle in
            which they were stored.
     3.     TESTS REQUIRED
            Windscreens made of treated laminated glass should be subjected to the following:
     3.1.   the tests required in Annex II B for ordinary laminated-glass windscreens;
     3.2.   the fragmentation test described in item 4 below.
     4.     FRAGMENTATION TEST
     4.1.   The index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                        Material                         Index of difficulty
            Polished glass                                       2
            Float glass                                          1
            Plate glass                                          1
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                              No C 95/43
       4.2.       Number of specimens or samples
                  One sample per point of impact or one specimen measuring 1 100 x 500 mm + 5/ -2 mm shall be submitted to
                  the test.
       4.3.       Test method
                  The method used shall be that described in item 1 in Annex II A.
       4.4.       Point(s) of impact
                  The pane shall be struck on each of the outside or central treated layers in the sample.
       4.5.       Interpretation of the results
       4.5.1.     The fragmentation test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result for each point of impact if the cumulative
                  area of the fragments exceeding 2 cm2 is equal to at least 15 % of the area of the rectangle of visibility that it is at
                  least 20 cm high and 50 cm wide.
       4.5.1.1.   In the case of a sample
       4.5.1.1.1. In the case of category Mi vehicles the centre of the rectangle is situated in a circle having a radius of 10 cm centred
                  on the projection of the centre of segment VI V2.
       4.5.1.1.2. In the case of category M or category N vehicles other than category M, the centre of the rectangle shall be located
                  within a circle having a diameter of 10 cm centred on the projection of point 0.
       4.5.1.1.3. The height of the abovementioned rectangle may be reduced to 15 cm in the case of windscreens that are less than
                  44 cm in height and the fitting angle which is less than 15 ° to the vertical and the percentage of visibility must equal
                  10% of the area of a corresponding rectangle.
       4.5.1.2.   In the case of a specimen the centre of the rectangle is situated on the largest axis of the specimen 450 mm from one
                  of the edges.
       4.5.2.     The sample(s) or specimen(s) submitted for component type-approval shall be deemed satisfactory from the point
                  of view of fragmentation if either of the following conditions is met:
       4.5.2.1.   the test has given a satisfactory result at each point of impact;
       4.5.2.2.   where a test having been repeated on a new series of four samples for each point of impact for which initially the
                  result was unsatisfactory, the four new tests carried out on the same points all yield a satisfactory result.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/44                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                                   12. 4. 90
                                                          ANNEX      II D
                                              PLASTIC-GLASS WINDSCREENS
     1.     DEFINITION OF TYPE
            Plastic-glass windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following
            principal or secondary characteristics.
     1.1.   The principal characteristics are as follows:
     1.1.1. the trade name or mark;
     1.1.2. the shape and dimensions.
            Plastic-glass windscreens shall be deemed to form an integral part of a group for the purpose of mechanical
            strength, resistance to the environment, resistance to temperature change and resistance to chemicals tests;
     1.1.3. the number of plastic layers;
     1.1.4. nominal thickness 'e' of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of ± 0,2 mm being acceptable;
     1.1.5. the nominal thickness of the pane of glass;
     1.1.6. the nominal thickness of the plastic interlayer sheet or sheets;
     1.1.7. the type of plastic interlayer sheet or sheets (e.g. PVB or other plastic material) and of the plastic sheet on the inside
            face;
     1.1.8. any special treatment which the glass sheet may have undergone.
     1.2.   The secondary characteristics are as follows:
     1.2.1. the nature of the material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass);
     1.2.2. the colouring (total or partial) of the plastic interlayer sheet or sheets (colourless or tinted);
     1.2.3. the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted);
     1.2.4. the presence or absence of conductors;
     1.2.5. the presence or absence of obscuration bands.
     2.     GENERAL
     2.1.   In the case of windscreens made of plastics-glass, the tests, apart from those involving the headform test (item 3.2)
            and the optical qualities, shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either cut from actual glass panes or are
            specially made. In either case the test pieces shall in all respects be rigorously representative of the series-produced
            windscreens for which component type-approval is sought.
     2.2.   Before each test the test pieces shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests
            shall be performed as soon as the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
     3.     HEADFORM TEST
     3.1.   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
            No secondary characteristics are involved.
     3.2.   Headform test on complete windscreen
     3.2.1. Number of test pieces
            Four samples from the series batch which has the smallest developed area and four samples from the production
            batch having the largest developed area, selected in accordance with the provisions of Annex II E, shall be
            submitted to the tests.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                           No C 95/45
       3.2.2.     Test method
       3.2.2.1.   The method used shall be that described in item 3.3.2 in Annex II A.
       3.2.2.2.   The height of drop shall be 1,50 m + 0/ - 5 mm.
       3.2.3.     Interpretation of results
       3.2.3.1.   This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
       3.2.3.1.1. the glass sheet breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact, the
                  closest cracks being no more than 80 mm from the point of impact;
       3.2.3.1.2. the glass sheet shall remain bonded to the plastic interlayer. One or several delaminations less than 4 mm wide will
                  be accepted on each side of the crack outside a 60 mm diameter circle centred on the point of impact;
       3.2.3.1.3. tears in the interlayer are allowed over a lenght of 35 mm on the side of the impact.
       3.2.3.2.   A set of test pieces submitted for component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view
                  of behaviour under head impact if either of the following conditions is met:
       3.2.3.2.1. all the tests give a satisfactory result;
       3.2.3.2.2. one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces give
                  satisfactory results.
       3.3.       Head impact behaviour test on flat test pieces
       3.3.1.     Number of test pieces
                  Six flat 1 100 x 500 mm ( + 5/ - 2 mm) test pieces shall be submitted to tests.
       3.3.2.     Test method
       3.3.2.1.   The method used shall be that described in Annex II A, item 3.3.1.
       3.3.2.2.   The height of drop shall be 4 m + 2 5 / - 0 mm.
       3.3.3.     Interpretation of results
       3.3.3.1.   This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
       3.3.3.1.1. the glass sheet yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks that are roughly centred on the point of
                  impact;
       3.3.3.1.2. tears in the interlayer are allowed, but the manikin's head must not pass through;
       3.3.3.1.3. no large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
       3.3.3.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to component type-approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of
                  view of behaviour under head impact if one of the following two conditions is met:
       3.3.3.2.1. all the tests give satisfactory results;
       3.3.3.2.2. one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
                  satisfactory results.
       4.         MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST
       4.1.       Indices of difficulty, test method and interpretation of results:
                  the requirements set out in Annex II B, item 4 shall apply.
       4.2.       However, the third condition in Annex II B, item 4.3.4.1 does not apply.
       5.         RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
       5.1.       Abrasion test
       5.1.1.     Abrasion test on the external face
       5.1.1.1.   The requirements of Annex II B, item 5.1 shall apply.
       5.1.2.     Abrasion test on the internal face
       5.1.2.1.   The requirements of Annex II K, item 2 shall apply.
       5.2.       High-temperature test
                  The requirements of Annex II A, item 5 shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/46                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                   12. 4. 90
     5.3.  Resistance to radiation test
           The requirements of Annex II A, item 6 shall apply.
     5.4.  Resistance to humidity test
           The requirements of Annex II A, item 7 shall apply.
     5.5.  Resistance to changes in temperature test
           The requirements of Annex II, item 8 shall apply.
     6.    OPTICAL QUALITY
           The requirements set out in Annex II A, item 9 concerning optical qualities shall apply to each type of
           windscreen.
     7.    RESISTANCE TO FIRE
           The requirements set out in Annex II A, item 10 shall apply.
     8.    RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS
           The requirements set out in Annex II A, item 11 shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                           No C 95/47
                                                        ANNEX     II E
               GROUPING OF WINDSCREENS FOR EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL TESTS
       1.   THE FEATURES TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT ARE:
       1.1. the developed area of the windscreen;
       1.2. the height of segment;
       1.3. the curvature.
       2.   A GROUP IS MADE UP OF A THICKNESS CLASS
       3.   CLASSIFICATION IS PERFORMED IN ASCENDING ORDER OF DEVELOPED AREAS
            The five largest and the five smallest developed areas shall be selected, and shall be numbered as follows:
             1 for the largest                                             1 for the smallest
            2 for the next smallest after 1                                2 for the next largest after 1
            3 for the next smallest after 2                                3 for the next largest after 2
            4 for the next smallest after 3                               4 for the next largest after 3
            5 for the next smallest after 4                                5 for the next largest after 4
            WITHIN EACH OF THE TWO SERIES DEFINED IN ITEM 3 THE HEIGHTS OF SEGMENT SHALL BE
            INDICATED AS FOLLOWS:
            1 for the largest height of segment,
            2 for the next smallest,
            3 for the next smallest after the preceding value, etc.
            IN EACH OF THE TWO SERIES DEFINED IN ITEM 3 THE RADII OF CURVATURE SHALL BE
            INDICATED AS FOLLOWS:
            1 for the smallest radius of curyature,
            2 for the next largest radius of curvature,
            3 for the radius of curvature next largest to the preceding radius, etc.
      6.    THE NUMBERS AWARDED TO EACH WINDSCREEN IN THE TWO SERIES DEFINED IN ITEM 3
            ABOVE SHALL BE ADDED TOGETHER
      6.1.  That windscreen among the five largest which has the smallest total and that windscreen among the five smallest
            which has the smallest total shall be selected for the full tests defined in Annex II B, II C, II D or II K.
      6.2.  The other windscreens in the same series shall be tested to verify the optical quality defined in Annex II A,
            item 9.
      7.    A few windscreens having significantly different parameters of shape and / or radius of curvature from the extremes
            of the selected group may also be tested if the technical department conducting the tests considers that the
            parameters in question are likely to have appreciable adverse effects.
       8.   The limits of the group are determined by the developed area of the windscreens. Where a windscreen submitted for
            component type-approval for a given type has a developed area outside the approved limit and/or has a
            significantly greater height of segment or a significantly smaller radius of curvature, it shall be considered to be a
            new type and be subjected to additional tests if the technical department deems such tests technically necessary,
            having regard to the information already in its possession concerning the product and the material used.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/48                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                                12. 4. 90
     9.         Should any other windscreen model subsequently be manufactured by the holder of a component type-approval in
                a thickness class already component type approved:
     9.1.       it shall be ascertained whether that model can be included among the five largest or the five smallest selected for the
                component type approval of the group in question;
     9.2.       renumbering shall be by the procedures defined in paragraphs 3, 4 and 5.
     9.3.       if the sum of the numbers awarded to the windscreen newly incorporated among the five largest or five smallest
                windscreens:
     9.3.1.     is found to be the smallest, the following tests shall be performed:
     9.3.1.1.   in the cases of windscreens made of ordinary laminated glass or covered with plastic material or made of
                plastic-glass:
     9.3.1.1.1. headform impact;
     9.3.1.1.2. optical distortion;
     9.3.1.1.3. secondary-image separation;
     9.3.1.1.4. light transmission.
     9.3.1.2.   Treated laminated glass windscreens: the tests specified in items 9.3.1.1.1, 9.3.1.1.2, 9.3.1.1.3 and 9.3.1.1.4
                above and the fragmentation test in accordance with Annex II C, item 4.
     9.3.2.     Where this is not the case those tests will be carried out which are intended to check the optical qualities defined in
                Annex II A, item 7.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/49
                                                             ANNEX       II F
       PROCEDURE T O BE FOLLOWED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE TEST ZONES ON WINDSCREENS OF
                                CATEGORY M, VEHICLES IN RELATION T O THE ' V POINTS
       1.       POSITION OF ' V POINTS
       1.1.     Tables 1 and 2 show the position of the ' V points in relation to the 'R' point (see Annex II G), as emerging from
                their coordinates XYZ in the three-dimensional reference system.
       1.2.     Table 1 contains the basic coordinates for an intended seat back rake angle of 25°. The positive direction of the
                coordinates is indicated in Figure 3 in this Annex.
                                                                         TABLE 1
                                                   ' V point           X           Y           Z
                                                v,                 68 m m      - 5 mm      665 m m
                                                v2                 68 m m      - 5 mm      589 mm
       1.3.     Correction for the intended back rest rake angles other than 25°
       1.3.1.   Table 2 sets out the additional corrections to be made to coordinates X and Z for each ' V point when the intended
                back rest rake angle differs from 25°. The positive direction of the coordinates is shown in Figure 3 in this
                Annex.
                                                                        TABLE 2
                      Seat back         Horizontal             Vertical          Seat back         Horizontal           Vertical
                     rake angle         coordinates          coordinates        rake angle        coordinates        coordinates
                      (degrees)               X                  Z               (degrees)             X                   Z
                           5            - 186 m m              28 m m               23            -   17 m m              5 mm
                           6            - 176 m m             27 mm                 24            -    9 mm               2 mm
                           7            - 167 m m              27 m m               25                 0 mm               0 mm
                           8            - 157 m m              26 m m               26                 9 mm           -    3 mm
                           9            - 147 m m              26 mm                27                17 m m          -    5 mm
                         10             - 137 m m              25 m m               28                26 m m          -    8 mm
                         11             - 128 m m              24 m m               29                34 m m          - 11 m m
                         12             - 1 1 8 mm             23 m m               30                43 mm           - 14 m m
                         13             - 109 m m              22 m m               31                51 m m          - 1 7 mm
                         14             -    99 m m            21 m m               32                59 m m          - 2 1 mm
                         15             -    90 m m            20 m m               33                67 m m          - 24 m m
                         16             -    81 m m            18 m m               34                76 m m          - 2 8 mm
                         17             -    71 m m            17 m m               35                84 m m          - 3 1 mm
                         18             -    62 m m            15 m m               36                92 m m          - 35 m m
                         19             -    53 m m            13 m m               37               100 m m          - 3 9 mm
                         20             -    44 m m            11 m m               38               107 m m          - 4 3 mm
                         21             -    35 m m             9 mm                39               115 m m          - 4 7 mm
                         22             -    26 m m             7 mm                40               123 m m          - 52 mm
       2.       TEST ZONES
       2.1.     Two test zones are determined, starting from the ' V points.
       2.2.     Test zone A is the zone on the outer apparent surface of the windscreen delimited by the four following planes
                projecting forwards from the ' V points (see Figure 1).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/50                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                               12. 4. 90
           — the vertical plane passing through Va and V 2 , making an angle of 13° with the X axis towards the left for
               vehicles with left hand drive and towards the right for vehicles with right hand drive,
           — a plane parallel to the Y axis, passing through Vi and forming an angle of 3° upwards with the X axis,
           — a plane parallel to the Y axis, passing through V 2 and forming an angle of 1° downwards with the
               X axis,
           — a vertical plane passing through V! and V2 making an angle of 20° with the X axis towards the right in the case
               of left hand drive vehicles and towards the left in the case of right hand drive vehicles.
     2.3.  Test zone B is the zone on the outer surface of the windscreen situated more than 25 mm from the side edge of the
           transparent surface and delimited by the intersection of the outer surface of the windscreen with the four following
           planes (see Figure 2):
           — a plane pointing 7° upwards in relation to the X axis, passing through Vi and parallel to the Y axis,
           — a plane pointing 5° downwards in realation to the X axis, passing through V 2 and parallel to the
               Y axis,
           — a vertical plane passing through V t and V 2 , forming an angle of 17° with the X axis towards the left in the case
               of left hand drive vehicles and towards the right in the case of right hand drive vehicles,
           — a plane symmetrical to that above in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle.
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                    -fc.
                                                                                   \0
                                                                                   o
                                                                                   c
                                                                                -Y 3
                                                                                   n
                                                                                   I
(*)   Trace of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle.
(**)  Trace of the vertical plane passing through R.
(»**) Trace of the vertical plane passing through V, and V 2 .
                                                 Figure 1
                                                                                   ?
                                                                                   n
                             Test zone A (example of a left hand drive vehicle)    e-i
 ---pagebreak---                                                                               ?
                                                                              n
                                                                              e,
                                                                              le
                                                                              o
                                                                              I
                                                                              e
(*)  Trace of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle.
(**) Trace of the longitudinal plane passing through R.
(**0 Trace of the longitudinal plane passing through V t and V 2 .
                                                Figure 2
                           Test zone B (example of a left hand drive vehicle)
                                                                              o
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                           so
                                                                                                          o
                                                                                                          I
                                                                                                          I
                                                                            a = 68 mm
                                                                            b =     5 mm
                                                                            c = 589 mm
                                                                            d = 665 mm
                                                                    V
                                                                   -z
(*)    Trace of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the vehicle.
(**)   Trace of the vertical plane passing through R.
(***)  Trace of the vertical plane passing through V% and V 2 .
                                                                                                          n
                                                   Figure 3
      Determination of the ' V points for a back rest angle of 25° Cexample of a left hand drive vehicle)
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/54                                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                                             12. 4. 90
                                                                            ANNEX      II G
     PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF THE 'H' POINT AND OF THE TRUE TORSO ANGLE FOR THE SEATING
                                                     POSITIONS IN CATEGORY M t VEHICLES
      1.                 SUBJECT
                        The procedure described in this Annex establishes the position of the 'H' point and the true torso angle for one or
                        several seating positions in a category M1 vehicle and enables the relationship to be checked between the
                        parameters measured and the manufacturing data supplied by the manufacturer of the vehicle ( J ).
     2.                  DEFINITION
                        Within the meaning of this Annex:
     2.1.               'reference parameter' means one or several of the following characteristics of a seating position:
     2.1.1.            the 'H' point and the 'R' point, together with the relationship linking them;
     2.1.2.            the true torso angle and the intended torso angle, together with the relationship linking them.
     2.2.               'Tridimensional "H"-point machine''(3 DH machines) means the device used to determine the 'H' point and the true
                       torso angle. This device is described in Appendix 1 to this Annex.
     2.3.               'H point' means the pivot centre between the torso and the thigh of the 3 DH machine fitted to a seat of the vehicle in
                       accordance with the procedure described in item 4 below. The 'H' point is situated at the centre of the axis of the
                       device linking the locating pins for the 'H' point on each side of the 3 DH machine. The 'H' point corresponds in
                       theory to the 'R' point (for the tolerances see item 3.2.2 below). Once determined in accordance with the procedure
                       described in item 4 the 'H' point is considered to be constant in relation to the structure of the seat cushion support
                       and to accompany this when that support is moved.
     2.4.              'R point' or 'seat reference point'means a point defined in the manufacturer's drawings for each seat and located in
                      relation to the three-dimensional reference system.
   ,2.5.               'Torso line' means the axis of the stem of the 3 DH machine when that stem is totally supported towards the
                      rear.
    2.6.               'True torso angle''means the angle measured between the vertical passing through the 'H' point and the torso line,
                      measured by means of the sector of the back angle of the 3 DH machine. The true torso angle corresponds
                      theoretically to the design torso angle (for the tolerances see item 3.2.2).
    2.7.               'Design torso angle''means the angle measured between the vertical line passing through the 'R' point and the torso
                      angle in the back rest position intended by the vehicle manufacturer.
    2.8.               'Median plane of the occupant' (MPO) means the median plane of the 3 DH machine positioned at each designated
                      seating position; it is also represented by the coordinate of the 'H' point on the Y axis. In the case of the individual
                      seats the median plane of the seat coincides with the median plane of the occupant. In the case of the other seats the
                      median plane is specified by the manufacturer.
    2.9.              'Three-dimensional system' means the system described in Appendix 2 to this Annex.
    2.10.             'Reference points' means the physical reference points defined by the manufacturer on the surface of the vehicle
                      (holes, areas, marks or notches).
    2.11.             'Attitude of the vehicle for measurements' means the position of the vehicle defined by the coordinates of the
                      reference points in the three-dimensional system of references.
    (') Where, for all seating positions other than the front seats it will not be possible to determine the 'H' point by using the three dimensional machine
         or other procedures, the competent authorities may, if they consider it appropriate, take as their reference the 'R' point stated by the
         manufacturer.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                              No C 95/55
       3.               REQUIREMENTS
       3.1.            Presentation of results
                       All or an appropriate selection of the following parameters is presented in the form shown in Appendix 3 to this
                       Annex for all seating positions the reference parameters of which demonstrate conformity with the provisions of
                       this Directive:
       3.1.1.          the coordinates of the 'R' point in relation to the three-dimensional reference system;
       3.1.2.          the design torso angle;
       3.1.3.          all information needed on the seat setting (if it is adjustable) in the measuring position defined in item 4.3
                       below.
       3.2.            Relationship between the measurements obtained and the design characteristics
       3.2.1.          The coordinates for the 'H' point and the true torso angle value, obtained in accordance with the procedure defined
                       in item 4 below are compared, respectively, with the coordinates for the 'R' point and the value for the design torso
                       angle as stated by the vehicle manufacturer.
       3.2.2.          The relative positions of the 'R' point and the 'H' point and the difference between the design and real torso angle
                       are considered to be satisfactory for the seating position in question if the 'H' point, as defined by its coordinates,
                       lies within a 50 x 50 mm square, the sides of which are horizontal and vertical and the diagonals of which intersect
                       at the 'R' point and if the true torso angle does not differ from the design torso angle by more than 5°.
       3.2.3.          If these conditions are met the 'R' point and the design torso angle shall be used to establish conformity with the
                       provisions of this Directive.
       3.2.4.          If the TT point or the true torso angle do not fulfil the requirements of item 3.2.2 above the'H'point and the true
                       torso angle must again be determined twice (three times altogether). If the results of two of these operations meet
                       the requirements, the provisions of item 3.2.3 above shall apply.
       3.2.5.          If, after the three measuring operations defined in item 3.2.4 above, at least two results do not fulfil the
                       requirements set out in item 3.2.2 above, or if no checking can take place because the manufacturer of the vehicle
                       has not provided information on the position of the 'R' point or the design torso angle, the centre of gravity of the
                       three points obtained or the average of the three angles measured must be used as a reference each time the 'R' point
                       or the design torso angle is referred to in this Directive.
       4.             PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE H POINT AND THE TRUE TORSO ANGLE
       4.1.           The vehicle must be preconditioned at a temperature of 20 ± 10 °C, depending upon the choice of manufacture,
                       in order that the seat material should reach room temperature. If the seat has never been used a person or a device
                      weighing between 70 and 80 kg must have sat upon it twice for one minute in order to flex the cushion and the back
                       rest. If so requested by the manufacturer all of the seat assemblies must remain unladen for at least 30 minutes
                       before the 3 DH machine is fitted.
      4.2.            The vehicle must have the attitude defined for measurements in item 2.11 above.
       4.3.           Where adjustable the seat must first of all be set in the rearmost normal driving or use position as specified by the
                       manufacturer as a function solely of the longitudinal adjustment of the seat, with the exclusion of the seat travel
                      used where the vehicle is driven or used other than normally. Where the seat also has other settings (such as vertical,
                       angular, back rest, etc.) these shall be as specified by the manufacturer. In addition the vertical position of any
                      suspended seats shall be locked rigidly in place and correspond to a normal driving position as specified by the
                       manufacturer.
       4.4.           The surface of the seating position occupied by the 3 DH machine must be covered by a cotton muslin material of
                      sufficient size and appropriate texture defined as a uniform cotton cloth with 18,9 filaments per cm weighing
                       0,228 kg/m 2 or a knitted or non-woven material having equivalent characteristics. If the test takes place outside
                       the vehicle the floor on which the seat is placed must have the same basic characteristics (1) of the floor of the vehicle
                       in which the seat is to be used.
      (') Rake angle, difference in height with assembly on pedestal, surface texture, etc.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/56                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                                   12. 4. 90
     4.5.      Place the cushion/back rest assembly of the 3 DH machine in such a way that the median plane of the occupant
               (MPO) coincides with the median plane of the 3 DH machine. At the request of its manufacturer, the 3 DH machine
               may be offset inwards in relation the MPO provided for if the 3 DH machine was located too far to the outside and
               the edge of the seat does not permit it to be level.
     4.6.      Attach the foot and lower limb component assemblies to the seat part of the machine either separately or by using
               the T-bar assembly and the lower leg components. The straight line passing through the 'H' point locating pins
               must be parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the longitudinal median plane of the seat.
     4.7.      Adjust the feet and legs of the 3 DH machine as follows:
     4.7.1.    Driving seat and outer front passenger seat:
     4.7.1.1.  the two leg /foot assemblies must be moved forward in such a way that the feet assume natural positions on the
               floor, between the pedals if necessary. The left foot shall be positioned so that as far as possible both feet are located
               roughly at the same distance from the median plane of the 3 DH machine. The level checking the transverse
               alignment of the 3 DH machine shall be returned to the horizontal by readjusting the attitude of the machine if
               necessary, or by adjusting the leg/foot assembly towards the rear. The straight line passing through the 'H' point
               locating pins shall remain normal (perpendicular) to the longitudinal median plane of the seat;
     4.7.1.2.  if the left leg cannot be kept parallel to the right leg, and if the left foot cannot be supported by the structure, move
               the left foot until it reaches a support. The alignment of the locating pins must be maintained.
     4.7.2.    Outer rear seats
              Where rear or occasional seats are used the legs shall be set in accordance with the manufacturer's data. If in such
              cases the feet rest on parts of the floor which are at different levels the first foot coming into contact with the front
               seat must serve as a reference point and the other shall be placed in such a way that the level giving the lateral
              alignment of the device gives the horizontal.
     4.7.3.   Other seats
              Use the general procedure described in item 4.7.1 above except where the feet are arranged in accordance with the
              manufacturer's instructions.
     4.8.     Place the thigh and lower leg masses in position and level the 3 DH machine.
     4.9.     Swing the back unit forwards against the front stop and remove from the 3 DH machine seat by using the T-bar.
              Reposition the machine on the seat by means of one of the following methods:
     4.9.1.   if the 3 DH machine tends to slide backwards use the following procedure: slide the 3 DH machine backwards until
              no horizontal load towards the front on the T-bar is needed in order to prevent movement i.e. until the machine
              seat touches the back rest. If necessary reposition the lower legs;
     4.9.2.   if the 3 DH machine does not tend to slide backwards adopt the following procedure: slide the 3 DH machine by
              applying a rearwards horizontal load to the T-bar until the machine comes into contact with the back rest (see
              Figure 2 in Appendix I).
     4.10.    Apply a load of 100 ± 10 N to the seat/back rest assembly of the 3 DH machine at the intersection of the circular
              sectors of the hip and the groove for the T-bar. The load direction must continue to follow a line passing through
              the intersection referred to above and the point located just above the thigh bar groove (see Figure 2 in Appendix 1
              to this Annex). Then carefully rest the back of the machine on the seat back rest. During the rest of the procedure
              take precautions to avoid the 3 DH machine's sliding forwards.
    4.11.     Arrange the masses for the right and left buttocks and then, alternately, the eight torso masses. Maintain the level
              of the 3 DH machine.
    4.12.     Lean the back part of the 3 DH machine forwards in order to remove the load from the seat back rests. Swing the
              3 DH machine from one side to the other through a 10° arc (5° on each side of the vertical median plane) for three
              complete cycles in order to remove any tension between the 3 DH machine and the seat.
              During this swinging the T-bar for the 3 DH machine may tend to move out of the specified vertical and horizontal
              alignments. That T-bar must thus be braked by applying a suitable lateral loading during the swinging movements.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 No C 95/57
               Ensure, by holding the T-bar and turning the 3 DH machine, that no outer vertical or front to rear loading is
               inadvertently applied.
               The feet of the 3 DH machine must not be braked or retained at this stage. If the feet change position leave them as
               they are.
               Carefully rest the back of the machine against the seat back rest and check the two spirit levels. Owing to their
               movement during the swinging of the 3 DH machine, the feet must be repositioned as follows:
               alternately lift each foot by the minimum amount needed in order to avoid any further movement of the foot.
               During this operation the feet must be able to rotate freely. Moreover, no load must be applied either to the side or
               forwards. When each foot has been replaced in the low position the heel must be in contact with the structure
               provided;
               check the side spirit level. If necessary apply a side force to the top of the back that is sufficient to restore the level of
               the 3 DH machine placed on the seat.
       4.13.   While retaining the T-bar in order to prevent the 3 DH machine from slipping forward on the seat cushion, proceed
               as follows:
               (a) return the back part of the machine to the seat back rest;
               (b) repeatedly apply a horizontal load not exceeding 25 N rearwards on the back corner bar at a height roughly
                      corresponding to the centre of the torso masses until the circular sector of the hip angle indicates that a stable
                      position has been obtained after the load has been released. Take great care to ensure that no outer side or
                      downward load is applied to the 3 DH machine. If further adjustment of the level of the 3 DH machine
                      is necessary tilt the back part of the machine forwards, reset at 0 and recommence the procedure
                      from 4.12.
      4.14.    Take all of the measurements:
      4.14.1.  the 'H' point coordinates shall be measured within the three dimensional reference system;
       4.14.2. the true torso angle shall be read from the sector of the 3 DH machine back angle when the stem is supported from
               the rear.
      4.15.    If it is wished to re-install the 3 DH machine the entire seat must be under no load for a period of at least 30 minutes
               before the operation begins again. The 3 DH machine must remain laden on the seat only as long as is necessary to
               carry out the test.
      4.16.    If the seats in a same row may be considered to be similar (bench, identical seats, etc.) only one 'H' point will be
               determined and one true torso angle per row of seats, the 3 DH machine described in Appendix 1 to this Annex
               being arranged in a seated position on a seat considered to be representative of the row. That seat will be:
      4.16.1.  for the front row, the driver's seat;
      4.16.2.  for the rear row(s), an outer seat.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/58                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                               12. 4. 90
                                                                    Appendix 1
                  DESCRIPTION OF THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL 'H' POINT-MACHINE (3 DH MACHINE) (»)
                     BACK AND SEAT COMPONENTS
                     The back and seat components are made of a reinforced plastic material and of metal. They simulate a human torso
                     and the thighs are mechanically rotated about the 'H' point. A circular sector is attached to the stem swivelling
                     about the 'H' point in order to measure the true torso angle. An adjustable thigh bar, attached to the machine seat,
                     establishes the median thigh line and acts as a line of reference for the circular sector of the hip angle.
                     BODY AND LEG COMPONENTS
                     The lower leg components are linked to the machine seats at the level of the T-bar joining the knees, which itself is a
                     lateral extension of the adjustable thigh bar. Circular sectors are incorporated into the lower parts of the legs in
                     order to measure the knee angle. The foot/shoe assemblies are graduated in order to measure the foot angle. Two
                     mass components are placed at the various corresponding centres of gravity in order to penetrate the seat in the
                     same way as an adult 76 kg male. It is necessary to check that all of the joints on the 3 DH machine turn freely
                     without any significant friction.
     (') This machine corresponds to that described in standard ISO 6549-1980.
 ---pagebreak--- 12 4. 90                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 95/59
         Back component                                                                              Torso line stem
                Torso mass support
             Back angle corrector
                                                                                                          Circular sector
         Circular sector of hip angle                                                                     of back angle
               Seat component
          Thigh mass attachment
                                                                                                  H point locating pin
          T-bar linking the knees
                                                                                              H point pivot
                                                                                       Side level
                                                                                 Thigh bar
                                                                           Circular sector of knee angle
                                                              Circular sector of foot angle
                                                           Figure 1
                                         Description of components of 3 DH machine
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/60                       Official Journal of the European Communities                        12 4 90
                                                                                      Torso masses
           Direction and point
           of application of load
                                                                                      Buttock masses
                                                                                      Thigh masses
                                                     Figure 2
                        Dimensions of components of 3 DH machine and position of masses
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 95/61
                                                                    Appendix 2
                                                THREE-DIMENSIONAL REFERENCE SYSTEM
       1.               The three-dimensional reference system is defined by three orthogonal planes selected by the vehicle manufacturer
                        (see figure) (').
       2.               The attitude of the vehicle for measuring purposes is determined by placing the vehicle on a support such that the
                        coordinates of the reference points correspond to the values stated by the manufacturer.
       3.               The coordinates of the 'R' and 'H' points are determined in relation to the reference points defined by the
                        manufacturer of the vehicle.
                                                                       Figure 3
                                                        Three-dimensional reference system.
       (') The reference system corresponds to standard ISO 4130-1978.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/62                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                                12. 4. 90
                                                                   Appendix 3
                                     REFERENCE PARAMETERS FOR THE SEATING POSITIONS
     1.               CODIFICATION OF REFERENCE PARAMETERS
                      The reference parameters are listed for each seating position. These are identified by a two-digit code. The first is
                      an Arabic digit designating the row of seats from the front to the rear of the vehicle. The second is a capital letter
                      indicating the position of the seat in a row, viewed towards the front of the vehicle; the following letters are thus
                     used:
                     L = left,
                     C = centre,
                     R = right.
     2.              DEFINITION OF THE ATTITUDE OF THE VEHICLE FOR THE MEASUREMENTS
     2.1.            Coordinates of the reference points.
                     X
                     Y
                     Z
     3.              LIST OF REFERENCE PARAMETERS
     3.1.            Seating position:
     3.1.1.          R-point coordinates
                     X
                     Y
                     Z
     3.1.2.          Design torso angle:
     3.1.3.          Information relating to seat adjustment: (!)
                     Horizontal:
                     Vertical:
                    Angular:
                     Torso angle:
    Note: Enter in that list the reference parameters for the other seating positions using the numbering system: 3.2, 3.3, etc.
    (') Delete where inappropriate.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/63
                                                                ANNEX II H
                                                  UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED GLAZING
       1.            DEFINITION OF TYPE
                     Uniformly toughened glazing shall be deemed to belong to different types if it differs in at least one of the following
                     principal or secondary characteristics.
       1.1.          The principal characteristics are as follows:
       1.1.1.        the trade name or mark:
       1.1.2.        the nature of the toughening process (thermal or chemical);
       1.1.3.        the shape category; a distinction is made between two categories:
       1.1.3.1.  flat     glass panes;
       1.1.3.2.      flat and curved glass panes.
       1.1.4.        The thickness category to which the nominal thickness 'e' lies, a manufacturing tolerance of ± 0,2 mm being
                     allowed:
                     Category    I                  e < 3,5 mm,
                     Category II         3,5 mm < e < 6,5 mm,
                     Category III        4,5 mm < e < 6,5 mm,
                     Category IV         6,5 mm < e.
       1.2.          The secondary characteristics are as follows:
       1.2.1.        nature of the material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass);
       1.2.2.        colouring (colourless or tinted);
       1.2.3.        the incorporation or otherwise of conductors.
      2.            FRAGMENTATION TEST
      2.1.           Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics:
                                 Material                     Index of difficulty
                    Polished glass                                    2
                    Float glass                                       1
                    Sheet glass                                       1
                    No other secondary characteristics are involved.
      2.2.          Selection of samples
      2.2.1.        Samples of each shape category and of each thickness category that is difficult to produce shall be selected for
                     testing in accordance with the following criteria:
      2.2.1.1.      in the case of flat glass panes two sets of samples shall be supplied, corresponding to:
      2.2.1.1.1.    the largest area developed;
      2.2.1.1.2.    the smallest angle between two adjacent sides.
      2.2.1.2.      In the case of flat and curved glass panes three sets of samples shall be supplied, corresponding to:
      2.2.1.2.1.    the largest developed area;
      2.2.1.2.2.    the smallest angle between two adjacent sides;
      2.2.1.2.3.    the largest height of segment.
      2.2.2.        Tests conducted on samples corresponding to the largest area V shall be deemed to be applicable to any other area
                    smaller than S + 5 %.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/64                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                             12. 4. 90
     2.2.3.   If the samples submitted have an angle y of less than 30°, the tests shall be deemed to be applicable to all panes
              manufactured having an angle greater than y - 5 °.
              If the samples submitted have an angle y of not less than 30° the tests shall be deemed to be applicable to all panes
              manufactured having an angle of not less than 30°.
     2.2.4.   If the height of segment 'h' of the samples submitted is greater than 100 mm, the test shall be deemed to be
              applicable to all panes manufactured having a height of segment less than h + 30 mm.
              If the height of segment of the samples submitted is not less than 100 mm, the tests shall be deemed to be applicable
              for all panes manufactured having a height of segment not exceeding 100 mm.
     2.3.     Number of samples per set
              The number of samples in each group shall be as follows, according to the shape category defined in item 1.1.3
              above:
                      Kind of glass plane       |        Number of samples
              Flat (2 sets)                                      4
              Flat and curved (3 sets)                           5
     2.4.     Test method
     2.4.1.   The method used shall be that described in item 1 in Annex II A.
     2.5.     Points of impact (see Annex II and Figure 2).
     2.5.1.   For flat and curved glass panes the points of impact represented respectively in Figures 2 (a), (b), (c) in Annex IIM
              shall be as follows:
              Point 1: 3 cm from the edges of the pane in the part where the radius of curvature of the edge is smallest;
              Point 2: 3 cm from the edge on one of the medians, the side of the glass plane bearing tong marks (if any) being
                         selected;
              Point 3: at the geometric centre of the glass;
              Point 4: for curved glass panes only; this point shall be selected on the longest median in the part of the pane where
                         the radius of curvature is the smallest.
     2.5.2.   Only one test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of impact.
     2.6.     Interpretation of results
     2.6.1.   A test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the fragmentation satisfies the following
              conditions:
     2.6.1.1. the number of fragments in any 5 x 5 cm2 is not less than 40 nor more than 400, of 450 in the case of glazing not
              more than 3,5 mm thick;
     2.6.1.2. for the purposes of the above rule, fragments extending across a side of a square shall count as half
              fragments;
     2.6.1.3. fragmentation shall not be checked in a strip 2 cm wide around the edge of the samples, this strip representing the
              frame of the glass, nor within a radius of 7,5 cm around the point of impact;
     2.1.6.4. fragments of an area exceeding 3 cm2 shall not be allowed, except in the parts defined in item 2.6.1.3;
     2.6.1.5. a few fragments of elongated shape shall be allowed, provided that:
              — their ends are not knifed-edged,
              — where they extend to the edge of the pane they do not form an angle of more than 45° with it, and
              — if, unless item 2.6.2.2 above applies, they are not more than 7,5 cm long.
     2.6.2.   A set of samples submitted for component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
              fragmentation if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
     2.6.2.1. all of the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in item 2.5.1 have given a satisfactory result;
     2.6.2.2. one test, among all the tests carried out using the points of impact defined in item 2.5.1 exhibits deviations which
              are unsatisfactory but do not meet the limits set out below:
              — up to a maximum of eight fragments between 6 and 7,5 cm long,
              — up to a maximum of four fragments between 7,5 and 10 cm long,
              and is repeated on a new sample complying with item 2.6.1 or exhibiting deviations within the above limits;
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4 . 90                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                              No C 95/65
        2.6.2.3.  two tests among all of the tests carried out using the points of impact defined in item 2.5.1 exhibit deviations which
                   are unsatisfactory but do not exceed the limits set out in item 2.6.2.2, but a further series of tests carried out on a
                  new set of samples complies with item 2.6.1, or not more than two samples of the new set exhibit deviations within
                  the limits laid down in item 2.6.2.2.
        2.6.3.    Any deviations as referred to above shall be mentioned in the report, and photographs of the effective parts of the
                  pane concerned shall be attached.
        3.        MECHANICAL STRENGTH
        3.1.      Impact test with a 227 g ball
        3.1.1.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                              Material                  Index of difficulty              Colouring                 Index of difficulty
                  Polished glass                                2                       Colourless                          1
                  Float glass                                   1                          Tinted                           2
                  Plate glass                                   1
                  The other secondary characteristic (presence or absence of conductors) is not involved.
        3.1.2.    Number of test pieces
                  Six test pieces shall be subjected to testing for each thickness category as defined in item 1.1.4 above.
        3.1.3.     Test methods
        3.1.3.1.  The test method used shall be that described in Annex II A, item 2.1.
       3.1.3.2    The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper surface of the test piece) shall be as indicated in the
                  following table, according t o the thickness of the glass pane:
                    Nominal thickness of glass pane (e)           Height of drop
                                    e < 3,5 mm                2,0 m + 5/ - 0 mm
                        3,5 mm < e                            2,5 m + 5/ - 0 mm
       3.1.4.     Interpretation of results
       3.1.4.1.   The test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the test piece does not break.
       3.1.4.2.   A series of test pieces submitted for component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of
                  view of mechanical strength if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
       3.1.4.2.1. not more than one test has given an unsatisfactory result;
       3.1.4.2.2. two tests having given unsatisfactory results, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of six test pieces gives
                  satisfactory results.
       4.         OPTICAL QUALITIES
       4.1.       The requirements set out in Annex II a, item 9.1, on the coefficient of regular light transmittance shall apply to glass
                  panes or parts of uniformly-toughened glass panes in positions playing an essential part in the driver's field of
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/66                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                                12. 4 . 9 0
                                                           ANNEX     III
                                 LAMINATED GLAZING OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS
      1.      DEFINITION OF TYPE
              Panes of laminated glass other than windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least
              one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
     1.1.     The principal characteristics are as follows:
     1.1.1.   The trade name or mark;
     1.1.2.   the glass thickness category in which the nominal thickness'e'lies, a manufacturing tolerance of ± 0,2 n mm being
              allowed, where n is the number of layers of glass in the pane.
              Category I:                  < e < 5,5 mm
              Category II:        5,5 mm < e < 6,5 mm
              Category HI:        6,5 mm < e
     1.1.3.   the nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers;
     1.1.4.   the nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers (e.g. PVB or other plastic interlayers);
     1.1.5.   any special treatment which one of the layers of glass may have undergone.
     1.2.     The secondary characteristics are as follows:
     1.2.1.   the nature of the material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass);
     1.2.2.   the colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer (colourless or tinted);
     1.2.3.   the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted).
     2.       GENERAL
     2.1.    In the case of panes of laminated glass other than windscreens the tests shall be conducted orf flat test pieces which
             are either cut from actual glass panes or are specially made. In either case the test pieces shall be in all respects
             rigorously representative of the glass panes for the production of which component type-approval is
             requested.
     2.2.    Before each test the test pieces of laminated glass shall be stored for at least four hours at a temperature of 23 °C
              ± 2 °C. The test shall be performed on the test pieces as soon as these have been taken out of the receptacle in
             which they were stored.
     2.3.    Panes of glass submitted for component type-approval will be deemed to have fulfilled the requirements of this
             Annex if they have the same composition as a windscreen that has already been component type approved in
             accordance with the provisions of Annex II B, Annex II C or Annex II K.
     3.      HEADFORM TESTS
     3.1.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
             No secondary characteristics are involved.
     3.2.    Number of test pieces
             Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 mm x 500 mm ( + 25 mm/ - 0 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
     3.3.    Test method
     3.3.1.  The method used shall be that described in Annex II A, item 3.
     3.3.2.  The height of drop shall be 1,50 mm + 0 / - 5 mm.
     3.4.    Interpretation of results
    3.4.1.   This test shall be deemed to have given satisfactory results if the following conditions are fulfilled:
    3.4.1.1. the test piece yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of
             impact;
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/67
       3.4.1.2. tears in the interlayer are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through;
       3.4.1.3. no large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
       3.4.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of behaviour under
                head impact if one of the following two conditions is met:
       3.4.2.1. all the tests give satisfactory results; or
       3.4.2.2. one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
                satisfactory results.
       4.       MECHANICAL STRENGTH, 227 G BALL-IMPACT TEST
       4.1.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                No secondary characteristics are involved.
       4.2.     Number of test pieces
                Four flat square test pieces measuring 300 x300 mm ( + 10/ - 0 mm) on each side shall be subjected to
                testing.
       4.3.     Test method
       4.3.1.   The method used shall be that described in Annex II A, item 2.1.
       4.3.2.   The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) shall be as indicated in the
                following table as a function of nominal thickness:
                           Nominal thickness                        Height of drop
                                   e < 5,5 mm             5m
                      5,5 mm < e < 6,5 mm                 6m           + 25 / - 0 mm
                      6,5 mm < e                          7m
       4.4.     Interpretation of results
       4.4.1.   The ball impact test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are
                fulfilled:
                — the ball does not pass through the test piece,
                — the test piece does not break into several pieces,
                — the total weight of the few fragments which may be produced on the side opposite to the point of impact does
                     not exceed 15 g.
       4.4.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of mechanical strength
                if one of the following conditions is met:
       4.4.2.1. all the tests have given a satisfactory result;
       4.4.2.2. not more than two tests having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test
                pieces gives satisfactory results.
                RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
       5.1.     Abrasion test
       5.1.1.   Indices of difficulty in test method
                The requirements of Annex II A, item 4, shall apply and the test shall last for 1 000 cycles.
       5.1.2.   Interpretation of results
                A pane of safety glass shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of abrasion resistance if the light
                scattered as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2 %.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/68                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                                12. 4. 90
     5.2.   High temperature test
            The requirements of Annex II A, item 5, shall apply.
     5.3.   Resistance-to-radiation test
     5.3.1. General requirements
            This test is to be conducted only if the laboratory deems it useful in the light of the information in its possession
            concerning the interlayer.
     5.3.2. The requirements of Annex II A, item 6, shall apply.
     5.4.   Resistance-to-humidity test
            The requirements of Annex II A, item 7, shall apply.
     6.     OPTICAL QUALITIES
            The provisions concerning regular light transmittance set out in Annex II A, item 9.1, shall apply to glass panes or
            parts of glass panes other than windscreens in positions playing an essential part in respect of the driver's field of
            vision.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                               No C 95/69
                                                             ANNEX      IIJ
                                     PLASTIC GLAZING OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS
       1.      DEFINITION OF TYPE
               Plastic glazing other than windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if it differs in at least one of the
               following principal or secondary characteristics.
       1.1.    The principal characteristics are as follows:
       1.1.1.  the trade name or mark;
       1.1.2.  the thickness category in which the nominal thickness 'e' lies (a manufacturing tolerance of ± 0,2 mm being
               allowed):
              — Category I:                        e < 3,5 mm
               — Category II:          3,5 mm < e < 4,5 mm
               — Category III:         4,5 mm < e
       1.1.3. the nominal thickness of the plastic interlayer sheet or sheets;
       1.1.4. the nominal thickness of the pane;
       1.1.5. the type of plastic interlayer sheet or sheets (e.g. PVB or other plastics material) and of the plastic sheet on the inside
              face;
       1.1.6. any special treatment which the glass sheet may have undergone.
       1.2.   The secondary characteristics are as follows:
       1.2.1. the nature of the material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass);
       1.2.2. the colouring (total or partial) of the plastic interlayer sheet or sheets (colourless or tinted);
       1.2.3. the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted).
      2.      GENERAL
      2.1.    In the case of plastic glazing other than windscreens the tests shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either
              cut from actual glass panes or are specially made. In either case the test pieces shall in all respects be rigorously
              representative of the production glass panes for which component type approval is sought.
      2.2.    Before each test the plastic glazing test pieces shall be stored for nor less than four hours at a temperature of
              23 ± 2 °C. The tests shall be performed as soon as the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which
              they were stored.
      2.3.    The glazing presented for component type-approval shall be deemed to comply with the provisions of this Annex if
              it has the same composition as a windscreen already approved in accordance with the provisions of
              Annex II D.
      3.      HEADFORM TEST
      3.1.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
              No secondary characteristics are involved.
      3.2.    Number of test pieces
              Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 x 500 mm (+ 5/ - 2 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
      3.3.    Test method
      3.3.1.  The method used shall be that described in Annex II A, item 3.
      3.3.2.  The height of drop shall be 1,5 + 0/ - 5 mm.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/70                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                               12. 4. 90
     3.4.     Interpretation of results
     3.4.1.   This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
     3.4.1.1. the glass sheet breaks, displaying numerous cracks;
     3.4.1.2. tears in the interlayer are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through;
     3.4.1.3. no large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
     3.4.2.   A series of test pieces subjected to component type-approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point
              of view of behaviour under head impact if one of the following two conditions is met:
     3.4.2.1. all the tests give satisfactory results; or
     3.4.2.2. one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
              satisfactory results.
     4.       MECHANICAL STRENGTH — 227 G BALL IMPACT TEST
     4.1.     The requirements of Annex III, item 4, shall be applicable with the exception of the table in item 4.3.2, which must
              be replaced by the following:
                        Nominal thickness                     Height of drop
                                 e < 3,5 mm            5m
                                                            1
                    3,5 mm < e < 4,5 mm                6m    I   + 2 5 / - 0 mm
                                 e > 4,5 mm            7m   J
     4.2.     However, the requirements set out in Annex II I, item 4.4.1.2, shall not apply.
     5.       RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT TESTS
     5.1.     Abrasion test
     5.1.1.   Abrasion test of the external face
              The requirements of Annex II I, item 5.1 shall apply.
     5.1.2.   Abrasion test of the internal face
              The requirements of Annex II K, item 2.1 shall apply.
     5.2.     High-temperature test
              The requirements of Annex II A, item 5, shall apply.
     5.3.     Resistance-to-radiation test
              The requirements of Annex II A, item 6, shall apply.
     5.4.     Resistance-to-humidity test
              The requirements of Annex II A, item 7, shall apply.
     5.5.     Temperature-change test
              The provisions of Annex II A, item 8, shall apply.
     6.       OPTICAL QUALITIES
              The requirements set out in Annex II A, item 9.1, on regular light transmittance shall apply to glass panes or parts
              of glass panes other than windscreens in positions playing an essential part in respect of the driver's field of
              vision.
     7.       FIRE RESISTANCE TEST
              The requirements of Annex II A, item 10, shall apply.
     8.       RESISTANCE-TO-CHEMICAL AGENTS TEST
              The requirements set out in Annex II A, item 11, shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/71
                                                       ANNEX     II K
                                         PLASTIC-COATED SAFETY GLAZING
                                                   (on the inner surface)
       1.   DEFINITION OF TYPE
            Safety glazing materials as defined in Annexes II B, II C, II H and II I, if coated on their inner face with a layer of
            plastic material, shall conform with the following requirements, which are additional to those in the appropriate
            Annexes.
       2.   ABRASION TEST
       2.1. Indices of difficulty and test methods
            The plastic coating shall be subjected to a test in accordance with Annex II A, item 4, which shall last for 100
            cycles.
       2.2. Interpretation of results
            The plastic coating shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of abrasion resistance if the light
            scattered as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 4 %.
       3.   RESISTANCE-TO-HUMIDITY TEST
       3.1. In the case of plastic-coated toughened safety glazing a resistance-to-humidity test shall be performed.
       3.2. The requirements of Annex II A, item 7, shall apply.
       4.   TEST OF RESISTANCE TO TEMPERATURE CHANGE
            The requirements of Annex II A, item 8, shall apply.
       5.   TEST OF RESISTANCE TO FIRE
            The requirements of Annex II A, item 10, shall apply.
       6.   TEST OF RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS
            The requirements of Annex II A, item 11, shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- ^oC^g^                                 COt^c^i]onrn^lotrri^Lnronc^n Communing                                                                     t^^^O
                                                            roOU8L^^L^Zt^^
     i.        O^l^lTlO^O^T^^
              Oouble glazing shall be deemed to belong to different types if it differs in at least one of the following principal or
              secondary characteristics.
    1.1.      The principal characteristics are^
    1.1.1.    the trade name or mark^
    1.1.2.    the composition of the double glazing asymmetrical^ asymmetrical^
    1.1.^.   the type of each of the component panes^ as defined in i t e m l m Annex II f l , l l l o r l l p
    1.1.^.   the nominal thickness of the gap between the two panes^
    1.1.5.     thetypeofbonding^orgamc^glassDglassorglass^metal^
    1.2.     The secondary characteristics are as follows^
    1.2.1.   the secondarycharactenstics of eachof the component panes^as defined in item 1 2 m Annexes II f p i l l
             and l i p
    2         oa^^^AL
    2.1.     ^ a c h o f the component panes ofdouble glazing m u s t b e e i t h e r c o m p o n e n t t y p e a p p r o ^ e d o r subject t o t h e
             requirements of the Annex ^11 n m ^ l ^ r l i p a p p l y m g to it.
    2.2.     Tests conducted on double glazing withanommal gap thickness^shall be deemed to be applicable to all double
            glazing with the same characteristics andanominal gap thickness o f e ^ ^ mm.flowe^er^apphcants may submit
             for component type^appro^al the sample with the smallest gap and the one with the largest gap.
    2.^.    In thecaseofdoubleglazingwithatleastonepaneoflammatedorplasticsglazing,the testpieces shall be stored for
            not less than four hours before testing atatemperature of 2 ^ ^ 2 ^ C . T h e tests shall be performed as soon as the
            test pieces ha^e been taken out of the receptacle in which the^ were stored
   ^.         ^^AO^O^^tT^TS
   e^.l.    Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
            l^o secondary characteristics are involved.
   ^.2.     dumber of test pieces
            Six test pieces m e a s u n n g l l 0 0 x 5 0 0 m m ^ 5 ^ ^ 2 m m shall be subjected to testingfor each thicknesscategory of
            the component panes and each gap thickness as defined in i t e m l . l . ^ , a b o ^ e
   ^m.     Test method
   e^m.l.  The method used shall be that described in Annex l l ^ i t e m ^ .
   ^m.2.   The height of drop shall b e l , 5 0 m ^ 0 ^ 5 m m .
   e^mm.   In thecaseof an asymmetrical double-glazing unitthreetestsshallbeperformed on onesurface and two testson the
           other.
   ^.^     Interpretation of results
   ^.^.1.  Oouble glazing comprising two panes of uniformly toughened glassy
           the headform test shall be deemed to ha^egi^enasatisfactory result if both components break.
   e^.^2.  Oouble glazing comprising panes of laminated and^or plastic glass panes other than windscreens^
           the headform test shall be deemed to ha^egi^enasatisfactory result if the following conditions are mee
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                             No C 95/73
       3.4.2.1. both components of the test piece yield and break, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on
                the point of impact;
       3.4.2.2. tears in the interlayer or interlayers are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through;
       3.4.2.3. no large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
       3.4.3.   Double glazing comprising one pane of uniformly toughened glass and one pane of laminated glass or plastic-glass
                other than windscreens:
       3.4.3.1. the toughened glass pane breaks;
       3.4.3.2. the laminated glass pane or the plastic-glass pane yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred
                approximately on the point of impact;
       3.4.3.3. tears in the interlayer or interlayers are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through;
       3.4.3.4. no large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
       3.4.4.   A set of samples submitted for component type-approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
                behaviour under impact of the head if either of the following conditions is fulfilled:
       3.4.4.1. all the tests have given a satisfactory result;
       3.4.4.2. one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of samples has given
                satisfactory results.
       4.       OPTICAL QUALITIES
                The requirements in Annex II A, item 9.1 concerning light transmittance shall apply to double glazing or parts of
                double glazing located at positions playing an essential role in respect of the driver's field of vision.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/74                               Official Journal of the European Communities                    12. 4 . 90
                                                            ANNEX II M
                      MEASUREMENTS OF SEGMENT HEIGHTS AND POSITION OF IMPACT POINTS
                                                               Figure 1
                                               Determination of height of segment 'h'
           For a glass pane with a single curve, the height of segment will be ht maximum
           For a glass pane with a double curve, the height of segment will be h, maximum + h 2 maximum.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                             No C 95/75
           2 (c) Curved glass panel
                                                         Figure 2 (a), (b) and (c)
                                Prescribed points of impact for panes of uniformly toughened glass
          The points '2' shown in figure 2 (a), (b) and (c) are examples of the sites for point '2' prescribed in Annex IIH, item
          2.5.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/76                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                     12. 4. 90
                                                          ANNEX     II N
                               EXAMPLES OF EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL MARKS
                                                   (see item 4.7 in Annex II)
           Ordinary toughened-glass windcreen:
                                                                              a*6mm
                                                                    001241 _ y
           The above component type-approval mark, affixed to an ordinary toughened-glass windscreen, shows that the
           component concerned was approved in France (e2) pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval No
           001241.
           Toughened-glass windscreens faced with plastic material:
                                        ii/e!           3
                                                                              a*6mm
           2A
                   f
                      &•
                          1
                                        e2
                                            1    ^ F
                                                                 001242
                                                                                                   J
                                                                                                        3
          The above component type-approval mark affixed to an ordinary toughened-glass windscreen faced with plastic
          material shows that the component concerned was approved in France (e2) pursuant to this Directive under
          component type-approval No 001242.
          Treated laminated-glass windscreens:
                                                                             ^6mm
                                                                  001243                            T
          The above component type-approval mark affixed to a treated laminated-glass windscreen shows that the
          component concerned was approved in France (e2) pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval No
          001243.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 95/77
          Glass-plastic windscreens:
                                                                               a^6mm
                                           IV_3
                   f,-L
          2a
             3 , 3 -r—
                      *•                 e2                        001244                               a.
                                                                                                         3
                   *        T
                                                                                                 7
          The above component type-approval mark affixed to a treated glass-plastic windscreen shows that the component
          concerned was approved in France (e2) pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval No
          001244.
          Glass panes other than windscreen having a regular light transmittance of less than 70 %:
                                                                              a^6mm
                  f.-J-                  e2                       001245                               i
          The above component type-approval mark affixed to a glass pane other than windscreen to which the requirements
          of Annex II A, item 9.1.4.2, are applicable shows that the component concerned was approved in France (e2)
          pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval No 001245.
          Double-glazed unit having a regular light transmittance of less than 70 %:
                                                                               a£6mm
                                                                    001246 3
                                                                                               J.
          The above component type-approval mark affixed to a double-glazed unit shows that the component concerned
          was approved in France (e2) pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval No 001246.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/78                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                      12. 4. 90
           Glass panes other than windscreens having a regular light transmittance of 70 % or more:
                                                                                aaGmm
                   ! I
           2a. %                          62                          001247                             3
             ma
           The above component type-approval mark affixed to a glass pane other than windscreen to which the requirements
           of Annex II A, item 9.1.4.1, are applicable shows that the component concerned was approved in France (e2)
           pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval No 001247.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4 . 90                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                            No C 95/79
                                                            ANNEX II O
                                        CHECKS ON CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
        1.       DEFINITIONS
                 For the purposes of this Annex:
        1.1.     type of product means all glass panes having the same principal characteristics;
        1.2.     thickness class means all glass panes having the same thickness of component parts within the permitted
                 tolerances;
        1.3.     production unit means all production facilities of one or several types of glass pane established in the same place; it
                 may include several production lines;
        1.4.     shift means a period of production carried out by the same production line during daily working hours;
        1.5.     production run means a continuous period of production of the same type of product by the same production
                 line;
        1.6.     ps means the number of glass panes of the same type of product by the same shift;
        1.7.     pi means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced during a production run.
        2.       TESTS
                 The glass panes shall be submitted to the following tests
        2.1.     Uniformly toughened glass panes
        2.1.1.   Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II H, item 2.
        2.1.2.   Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 9.1.
        2.2.     Ordinary laminated-glass and glass-plastic windscreens
        2.2.1.   Head impact test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II B, item 3.
        2.2.2.   2 260 g ball impact test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II B, item 4.2, and Annex II A, item
                 2.2.
        2.2.3.   High-temperature test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 5.
        2.2.4.   Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 9.1.
        2.2.5.   Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 9.2.
        2.2.6.   Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 9.3.
        2.2.7.   For plastic-glass windscreens only:
        2.2.7.1. abrasion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II K, item 2 . 1 ;
        2.2.7.2. resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II K, item 3;
        2.2.7.3. resistance-to-chemicals test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 11.
        2.3.     Panes of ordinary laminated glass and plastic-glass other than windscreens
        2.3.1.   227 g ball impact test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II I, item 4.
        2.3.2.   High-temperature resistance test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 5.
        2.3.3.   Measurement of light transmission in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 9.1.
        2.3.4.   Solely in the case of plastic-glass panes:
        2.3.4.1. abrasion tests in accordance with the requirements of Annex II K, item 2 . 1 ;
        2.3.4.2. resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II K, item 3;
        2.3.4.3. resistance-to-chemicals test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 11.
        2.3.5.   The above conditions shall be considered to have been met if the corresponding tests have been carried out on a
                 windscreen of the same composition.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/80                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                               12. 4. 90
     2.4.     Treated laminated-glass windscreens
     2.4.1.   In addition to the tests provided for in item 2.2 above in this Annex, a fragmentation test will be conducted in
              accordance with the requirements of Annex II C, item 4.
     2.5.     Plastic-faced glazing
              In addition to the tests described in the various paragraphs of this Annex, the following tests shall be carried
              out:
     2.5.1.   abrasion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II K, item 2 . 1 ;
     2.5.2.   resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II K, item 3;
     2.5.3.   resistance-to-chemicals test in accordance with the requirements of Annex II A, item 11.
     2.6.     Double glazing
              The tests to be carried out shall be those described in this Annex for each of the panes in the double glazing, with the
              same frequency and the same requirements.
     3.       FREQUENCY AND RESULTS OF TESTS
     3.1.     Fragmentation
     3.1.1.    Tests
     3.1.1.1. A first series of tests consisting of a break at each impact point specified by this Directive shall be carried out with
              photographic prints at the beginning of the production of each new type of glass pane to determine the most severe
              break point.
     3.1.1.2. During the production run the check test shall be carried out using the break point determined in item
              3.1.1.1.
     3.1.1.3. A check test shall be carried out at the beginning of each production run or following a change of colour.
     3.1.1.4. During the production run the check tests shall be carried out at the following minimum frequency:
                         Uniformly toughened                       Treated laminated
                               glass panes                         glass windscreens
              Pr < 5 0 0 : one per shift                            0,1 % per type
              St > 5 0 0 : t w o per shift
     3.1.1.5. A check test shall be carried out at the end of the production run on one of the last glass panes
              manufactured.
     3.1.1.6. For Pr < 20 only one fragmentation test per production run needs to be carried out.
     3.1.2.    Results
              All of the results shall be recorded, including the results without a photographic print.
              In addition, a photographic contact print shall be made once per shift except for < 500. In this case only one
              photographic contact print shall be made per production run.
     3.2.     Headform impact
     3.2.1.    Tests
              The checks shall be carried out on samples corresponding to at least 0 , 5 % of the daily production of
              laminated-glass windscreens from one production line. A maximum of 15 windscreens per day shall be
              tested.
              The choice of samples shall be representative of the production of the various types of windscreen.
              With the agreement of the administrative department these tests may be replaced by the 2 260 g ball impact test (see
              item 3.3 below). In any event the headform tests shall be carried out on at least two samples for each thickness class
              per year.
     3.2.2.    Results
              All results shall be recorded
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4 . .90                            Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                                      No C 95/81
        3.3.   2 260 g ball impact
        3.3.1.  Tests
               The check shall be performed at least once per month per thickness category.
        3.3.2.  Results
               All results shall be recorded.
        3.4.   227 g ball impact
        3.4.1   Tests
               The test pieces shall be cut from samples. However, for practical reasons the tests may be carried out on finished
               products or parts thereof.
               The checks shall be carried out on a sample corresponding to at least 0,5 % of the production of one shift, with a
               maximum of 10 samples per day.
        3.4.2.  Results
               All results shall be recorded.
        3.5.   High temperature
        3.5.1.  Tests
               The test pieces shall be cut from samples. However, for practical reasons, the tests may be carried out on finished
               products or parts thereof. These should be selected so that all interlayers are tested proportionately to their
               use.
               The check shall be carried out on at least three samples per colour of interlayer taken from the daily
               production.
        3.5.2. Results
               All results shall be recorded.
        3.6.   Light transmission
        3.6.1. Tests
               Representative samples of tinted finished products shall be submitted to this test.
               The checks shall be carried out at least at the beginning of each production run if there is any change in the
               characteristics of the glass pane affecting the results of the test.
               Glass panes having a regular light transmission measured during component type-approval tests of not less than
               80 % in the case of windscreens and not less than 75 % in the case of glass panes other than windscreens, and glass
               panes of category V (see Annex II, item 4.5.2), shall be exempted from this test.
               Alternatively, for toughened glass, a certificate of compliance with the above requirements may be submitted by
               the glass supplier.
        3.6.2.  Results
               The light transmission value shall recorded. In addition, for windscreens with shade bands or obscuration bands, it
               shall be verified, from the drawings referred to in Annex II, item 2.2.1.2.2.4 that such bands are outside zone B or
               zone I, depending upon the category of vehicle for which the windscreen is intended.
        3.7.   Optical distortion and secondary-image separation
        3.7.1.  Tests
               Every windscreen shall be inspected for visual defects. In addition, using the methods specified in this Directive or
               any other method giving similar results, measurements shall be carried out in the various fields of vision at the
               following minimum frequencies:
               — either, where Ps < 200, one sample per shift,
               — or where Ps > 200, two samples per shift,
               — or 1 % of the entire production, the samples chosen being representative of all production.
        3.7.2.  Results
               All of the results shall be recorded.
        3.8.   Resistance to abrasion
        3.8.1.  Tests
               Plastic-faced and plastic-glass panes only shall be submitted to this test. There shall be at least one check per month
               and per type of plastic-material facing or interlayer.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 95/82                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                                  12. 4. 90
      3.8.2.  Results
              The measurement of the light scatter shall be recorded.
      3.9.    Resistance to humidity
      3.9.1.  Tests
              Plastic-faced and plastic-glass panes only shall be submitted to this test. There shall be at least one check per month
              and per type of plastic-material facing or interlayer.
      3.9.2.  Results
              All results shall be recorded.
      3.10.   Resistance to chemicals
      3.10.1. Tests
              Plastic-faced and plastic-glass panes only shall be submitted to this test. There shall be at least one check per month
              and per type of plastic-material facing or interlayer.
      3.10.2. Results
              All results shall be recorded.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4 . 90                                   Official Journal of the European Communities                                         No C 95/83
                                                               ANNEX     II P
            NOTICE CONCERNING EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OR THE EXTENSION OR REFUSAL
            OR WITHDRAWAL OF EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL OR THE FINAL CESSATION OF THE
                                             PRODUCTION OF A TYPE OF SAFETY GLASS
                                                                    (»)
                                                  (Maximum format: A4 (210 x 297 mm)
            EEC component type-approval mark No:                                                  Extension No:
              1.  Category or safety glass:
              2. Description of pane: see Appendices 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (2) and, in the case of windscreens, the list in accordance
                 with Appendix 7.
              3. Trade name or mark:
             4.  Manufacturer's name and address:                                                      -.
              5. Name and address of manufacturer's representative, where applicable:
             6.  Submitted for component type-approval on:
             7.  Technical department responsible for conducting component type-approval tests:
             8.  Date of tests report:
             9.  Number of test report:
           10.   Component type-approval granted/refused/extended/withdrawn ( J ):
           11.   Ground(s) for extending component type-approval:
           12.   Remarks:
           13.   Place:
           14.   Date:
           15.   Signature:
           16.   A list is attached of the documents, obtainable on request, comprising the component type-approval file
                 lodged with the administrative department granting component type-approval.
           (1) Name of administration.
           (2) Delete whichever is inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/84                               Official Journal of the E u r o p e a n Communities                   12. 4 . 90
                                                              Appendix 1
                                                LAMINATED-GLASS WINDSCREEN
                                                 (Ordinary, treated or plastic-coated)
                         (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex II B, II C or II K)
           EEC component type-approval mark No:                                              Extension No: ..
           Principal characteristics:
           —    Number of layers of glass:
           —    Number of interlayers:
           —    Nominal thickness of windscreen:
           —    Nominal thickness of interlayer(s):
           —    Special treatment of glass:
           —    Nature and type of interlayer(s):
           —    Nature and type of plastics coating(s):
           Secondary characteristics:
           —    Nature of material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass):
           —    Colouring of glass:
           —    Colouring of interlayer (total/partial):
           —    Colouring of plastic coating(s):
           —    Conductors incorporated (Yes/No):
           —    Obscuration bands incorporated (Yes/No):
           Remarks:
          Documents attached: List of windscreens (see Appendix 7).
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                               Official Journal of the European Communities                     No C 95/85
                                                              Appendix 2
                                                  PLASTIC GLASS WINDSCREEN
                              (Principal and secondary characteristic in accordance with Annex II D)
          EEC component type-approval mark No:                                             Extension No:
          Principal characteristics:
          —    Shape category:
          —    Number of layers of plastics:
          —    Nominal thickness of glass:
          —    Glass treated (Yes/No):
          —    Nominal thickness of windscreen:
          —    Nominal thickness of plastic Iayer(s) acting as interlayer(s):
          —    Nature and type of outer plastic layer:
          Secondary characteristics:
          —    Nature of material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass):
          —    Colouring of plastic layer(s) (total/partial):
          —    Colouring of glass:
          —    Conductors incorporated (Yes/No):
          —    Obscuration bands incorporated (Yes/No):
          Remarks:
          Documents attached: List of windscreens (see Appendix 7).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/86                               Official Journal of the European Communities                     12. 4. 90
                                                              Appendix 3
                                              UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED GLAZING
                          (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex II H or II K)
           Component type-approval mark No:                                                Extension No:
           Principal characteristics:
           —    Shape category:
           —    Nature of toughening process:
           —    Thickness category:
           —    Nature and type of plastic coating(s):
           Secondary characteristics:
           —    Nature of material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass):
           —    Colouring of glass:
           —    Colouring of plastic coating(s):
           —    Conductors incorporated (Yes/No):
          —     Obscuration bands incorporated (Yes/No):
          Criteria component type approved:
          —    Maximum area (flat glass):
          —    Smallest angle:
          —    Maximum developed area (curved glass):
          —    Maximum height of segment:
          Remarks:
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                               Official Journal of the European Communities                       No C 95/87
                                                             Appendix 4
                                     LAMINATED GLAZING OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS
                           (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex II I or II K)
          Component type-approval mark No:                                                 Extension No:
          Principal characteristics:
          —    Number of layers of glass:                                          ,
          —    Number of interlayers:
          —    Thickness category:
          —    Nominal thickness of interlayer(s):
          —    Special treatment of glass:
          —    Nature and type of interlayer(s):
          —    Nature and type of plastic coating(s):
          —    Thickness of plastic coating(s):
          Secondary characteristics:
          —    Nature of material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass):
          —    Colouring of interlayer (total/partial):
          —    Colouring of glass:
          —    Colouring of plastic coating(s):
          —    Conductors incorporated (Yes/No):
          —    Obscuration bands incorporated (Yes/No):
          Remarks:
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/88                               Official Journal of the European Communities                      12. 4 . 90
                                                               Appendix 5
                                       PLASTIC GLAZING OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS
                                (Principal and secondary characteristic in accordance with Annex II J)
           EEC component type-approval mark No:                                              Extension No:
           Principal characteristics:
           —    Number of layers of plastic:
           —    Thickness of glass:
           —    Glass treated (Yes/No):
           —    Nominal thickness of the pane:
           —    Nominal thickness of windscreen:
           —    Nominal thickness of plastic layer(s) acting as interlayer(s):
           —    Nature and type of outer plastic layer:
           —    Nominal:
           Secondary characteristics:
           —    Nature of material (polished glass, float glass, sheet glass):
           —    Colouring of plastic layer(s) (total/partial):
           —    Colouring of glass:
           —   Conductors incorporated (Yes/No):
           —   Obscuration bands incorporated (Yes/No):
           Remarks:
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 95/89
                                                            Appendix 6
                                                   DOUBLE-GLAZED UNITS
                              (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex II L)
          Component type-approval mark No:                                                   Extension No:
          Principal characteristics:
          —     Composition of double-glazed units (symmetrical/asymmetrical):
          —    Nominal thickness of gap:
          —     Method of assembly:
          —    Type of each pane in accordance with Annex II H, II I, II K or II J:
          Documents attached:
          A form for both panes in a symmetrical double-glazed unit in accordance with the Annex under which they were
          tested or component type approved.
          A form for each pane in an asymmetrical double-glazed unit in accordance with the Annexes under which they were
          tested or component type approved.
          Remarks:
 ---pagebreak--- No C 95/90                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                            12. 4. 90
                                                                    Appendix 7
                                             CONTENTS OF THE LIST OF WINDSCREENS ('
           At least the following information shall be supplied for each of the windscreens covered by this component type-
           approval:
           —    Vehicle manufacturer:
           —    Type of vehicle:
           —    Category of vehicle:
           —    Developed area (F):
           —    Height of segment (h):
           —    Curvature (r):
           —    Installed angle (a):
           —    Back rest angle (B):
           —    Coordinates of R-point (A, B, C) in relation to the mid-point of the upper edge of the windscreen:
                                               Description of the parameter, F, of the windscreen
                                                             /        developed area of
                                                                        the windscreen        \
                                                           L
                                  Position of the windscreen relative to the index point
                                                             +Z
                                                               1
                                                                           Description of the parameters, r and h, of the windscreen
                                                                                         curvature, r            height of segment, h
                                                                            +X
                                                                             -Y
          (') This list shall be attached to Appendices 1 and 2 to this Annex.
 ---pagebreak--- 12. 4. 90                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                           No C 95/91
                                                              ANNEX III
          VEHICLES — REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING THE FITTING OF WINDSCREENS AND GLAZING
                                          OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS TO VEHICLES
           1.   All motor vehicles in categories M and N shall, according to the choice of their manufacturer, be fitted
                with:
           1.1. a windscreen bearing the EEC component type-approval mark as described in items 4.4 to 4.7 of Annex II
                and fulfilling the requirements set out in Annex II B (with or without II K), II C (with or without II K) or II
                D;
          1.2. panes of glass other than windscreens bearing the EEC component type-approval mark as described in items
                4.4 to 4.7 of Annex II and meeting the requirements as set out in Annex II H, II I, II J, II K or II L;
          2.    if they include glazing, all category O vehicles shall, depending upon the choice of their manufacturer, be
                fitted with glazing bearing the EEC component type-approval mark as described in items 4.4 to 4.7 in
                Annex II and meeting the requirements set out in Annex II H, II I, II J, II K or II L;
          3.    windscreen and panes of glass other than windscreens shall be fitted in such a way that, despite the stresses to
                which the vehicle is submitted under normal operating conditions, they remain in position and continue to
                afford visibility and safety to the occupants of the vehicle.
                                                                  Appendix
          ANNEX TO THE EEC APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TYPE OF VEHICLE IN RESPECT OF THE
                                                  FITTING OF SAFETY GLAZING
          (Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 70/ 156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of
                      the Member States relating to the EEC type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers)
                                                                    Name of administration: ...
          EEC type-approval No:                                                  Extension No:
            1.  Make (name of manufacturer) of vehicle:
            2.  Type, where appropriate, and trade description of vehicle:
                Name and address of manufacturer:
                Name and address of manufacturer's representative where applicable:
            5.  Description of the types of glazing used:
                5.1. in the case of windscreens:
                5.2. in the case of glazing other than windscreens:
           6.   EEC component type-approval mark for a windscreen:
           7.   EEC component type-approval mark(s) for glazing other than windscreens:
 ---pagebreak---  No C 95/92                                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                       12. 4. 90
               8.  The fitting requirements have/have not (J) been met:
               9.  Date of submission of vehicle for EEC type-approval:
              10.  Technical department responsible for carrying out EEC type-approval:
              11.  Date of test report issued by that department:
              12.  Number of test report issued by that department:
              13.  EEC type-approval granted/refused (*) in respect of the fitting of safety glazing:
              14.  Place:
              15.  Date:
             16.   Signature:
             17.   A list is attached of the documents submitted to the administrative department in the Member State having
                   granted EEC type-approval.
                   These documents may be obtained, on request by administrative departments in the other Member
                   States.
             18.   Remarks, if any:
                 Delete whichever is inapplicable.
             Proposal for a Council Directive on the masses and dimensions of motor vehicles of category M^
                                                      COM(89) 453 final — SYN 237
                                         (Submitted by the Commission on 12 February 1990)
                                                               (90/C 95/02)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                                  Whereas measures should be adopted in order gradually to
                                                                          establish the internal market during a period expiring on
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European                     3 1 December 1992; whereas the internal market comprises
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100a                        a n e n t i t y without internal frontiers within which the free
thereof,                                                                  movement of goods, persons, services and capital is
                                                                          guaranteed;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
In cooperation with the European Parliament,
                                                                          Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social                   must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate, inter alia, to
Committee,                                                                their masses and dimensions;