CELEX: 51987PC0194
Language: en
Date: 1987-05-12
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES RELATING TO CERTAIN COMPONENTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEELED AGRICULTURAL OR FORESTRY TRACTORS

17. 8. 87                            Official Journal of the European Communities                              No C 218/1
                                                             II
                                                    (Preparatory Acts)
                                                COMMISSION
             Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
             relating to certain components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors
                                                    COM(87) 194 final
                              (Presented by the Commission to the Council on 19 May 1987)
                                                       (87/C 218/01)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                          Whereas with regard, in particular, to the technical
                                                                  requirements relating to safety glass — windscreens
 Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European            and other glazing — it is appropriate to embrace those
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100                 adopted by the United Nations' Economic Commission
thereof,                                                          for Europe in its Regulation No 43 (Uniform provisions
                                                                  concerning the approval of safety glazing and glazing
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parlia-              materials) forming an addendum to the agreement of
ment,                                                             20 March 1958 concerning the adoption of uniform
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and                  conditions of approval and thus reciprocal recognition
Social Committee,                                                 of approval for motor vehicle equipment and parts (3),
Whereas the technical requirements which tractors must
fulfil in pursuance of national laws concern inter alia
their dimensions and masses, speed governors, the pro-
tection of their drive components, projections and
wheels, the trailer-brake control, windscreens and other
                                                                 HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
glazing, the mechanical linkages between tractor and
trailer and the location and method of affixing statutory
plates and markings to the body of the tractor;                                            Article 1
Whereas those requirements differ from one Member
State to another; whereas it is consequently necessary           1.     (Agricultural or forestry) tractor means any motor
for the same requirements to be adopted by all of the            vehicle fitted with wheels or endless tracks and having
Member States, either in addition or in place of the             at least two axles, the main function of which lies in
existing regulations, in order, in particular, to permit         its tractive power and which is specially designed to
implementation, for each type of tractor, of the EEC            tow, push, carry or power certain tools, machinery or
type-approval procedure covered by Council Directive            trailers intended for agricultural or forestry use. It may
74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of              be equipped to carry a load and passengers.
the laws of the Member States relating to the type-             2.      This Directive shall apply only to tractors defined
approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors (!),      in paragraph 1 which are fitted with pneumatic tyres
as last amended by Directive 82/890/EEC(2);                     and have a maximum design speed of between 6 and
                                                                30 km/h.
(') OJ No L 84, 28. 3. 1974, p. 10.                             (3) E/ECE/324 — E/ECE/TRANS/505 rev. 1/add. 42/amend. 2
(2) OJ No L 378, 31. 12. 1982, p. 45.                                of 16 April 1986.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/2                          Official Journal of the European Communities                              17. 8. 87
                          Article 1                                                   Article 4
No Member State may refuse EEC type-approval or               Where the procedure laid down in this Article is to be
national type-approval of a tractor or refuse its regis-      followed, the Commission shall adopt its decisions after
tration or prohibit sale, entry into service or use of a      consulting the Committee set up under Directive 74/
tractor on grounds relating to:                               150/EEC, hereinafter referred to as 'the Committee'.
                                                              The Committee shall respond to calls for opinions made
— dimensions and masses,                                      by the Commission. When asking for an opinion from
— speed governors, protection of drive components,            the Committee, the Commission may lay down the
    projections and wheels, and the trailer-brake con-        deadline within which that opinion is to be given. The
    trol,                                                     Committee's discussions shall not be followed by a
                                                              vote. However, each Committee member may require
— windscreens and other glazing,                              that his opinion be recorded in the minutes of the
— mechanical linkages between tractor and trailer,            proceedings.
— location and method of affixing statutory plates and
     inscriptions to the body of the tractor,                                         Article 5
where these comply with the requirements of the               1. Member States shall bring into force the pro-
Annexes relating thereto.                                     visions necessary in order to comply with this Directive
                                                              by 31 December 1988. They shall forthwith inform the
                                                              Commission thereof.
                                                              2.    Member States shall communicate the texts of the
                                                              main provisions of national law which they adopt in
                                                              the field covered by this Directive to the Commission.
                          Article 3
Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements                                    Article 6
of the Annexes to technical progress shall be adopted
in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 4.      This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/3
                                                            ANNEX I
                                                   DIMENSIONS AND MASSES
          1.      DEFINITIONS
          1.1.   'Length' means the length of the tractor measured between the vertical planes at right angles to the
                 longitudinal axis of the tractor and passing the outermost points thereof, but excluding:
                 — all mirrors,
                 — all starting handles,
                 — all agricultural implements temporarily attached to the front or rear of the tractor,
                 — all front or side marker lights.
          1.2.   'Width' means the width of the tractor measured between the vertical planes parallel to the
                 longitudinal axis of the tractor and passing through the outermost points thereof, but excluding:
                 — any mirrors,
                 — any direction indicators,
                 — any front, side or rear marker lights; any parking lights,
                 — any pop-up components such as flexible mud-flaps, lift-up foot rests, etc.
                 — any agricultural instrument attached to the front or rear of the tractor.
          1.3.   'Height' means the vertical distance between the ground and the point on the tractor the greatest
                 distance from the ground. In order that this height may be determined the tractor must be:
                 — fitted with new tyres having the greatest rolling radius specified by their manufacturer,
                 — unladen, the unladen mass being measured in accordance with the definition laid down in
                      Directive 74/150/EEC (Annex I, point 2.4),
                 — stationary with the motor shut down,
                 — located on a reasonably plane surface in the absence of any antenna.
          1.4.   'Trailer mass' means the total actual mass of any trailer towed.
           1.5.   'Vertical load on coupling point' means the load transmitted, under static conditions, by the trailer
                  (towing) ring to the reference centre of the tow hitch.
           1.6.   'Tow hitch' means the technical unit on the tractor providing the mechanical link within a tractor -
                  trailor combination. Depending upon its design this technical unit is referred to as a fork or hook.
           1.7.   'Reference centre of tow hitch' means the point on the pin axis which is equidistant from the wings
                  in the case of a fork and the point resulting from the intersection of the plane of symmetry of the
                  hook with the generatrix of the concave part of the hook at the level of contact with the ring when
                  this is in the traction position.
           1.8.   'Wheelbase of tractor (I)' means the distance between the vertical planes perpendicular to the
                  longitudinal median plane of the tractor passing through the axles of the tractor.
           1.9.   'Kerb mass of tractor (Mt)' means the mass defined in Annex I, point 2.4, of Directive 74/150/EEC
                   (unladen mass of tractor in running order without optional accessories but with coolant, lubricants,
                  fuel, tools and driver, whose mass is set at a standard figure of 75 kg).
           1.10.   "Kerb mass on front axle of tractor (Ma)' means that part of the kerb mass of the tractor, as defined
                   in Annex I, point 2.4, of Directive 74/150/EEC which, under static conditions, acts on the front axle
                  of the tractor.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/4                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                       17. 8. 87
           2.       REQUIREMENTS
           2.1.     Dimensions
                    The maximum dimensions of a tractor are as follows:
           2.1.1.   Length: 12 m.
           2.1.2.   Width :2,5 m.
           2.1.3.   Height: 4 m.
           2.1.4.   The measurements intended to check the dimensions referred to in point 2.1 shall be carried out
                    with the tractor in its normal on-road configuration (doors and windows closed, tyres at normal
                    pressure stated by manufacturer) and with the steering wheel in the dead-ahead position.
           2.2.     Trailer mass
           2.2.1.   The trailer mass shall not exceed:
           2.2.1.1. One-and-a-half times the kerb mass of the tractor if the trailer is not fitted with a braking system.
           2.2.1.2. Five times the kerb mass of the tractor if the trailer is fitted with a mechanical braking system.
           2.2.1.3. Six times the kerb mass of the tractor if the traitor is fitted with an assisted braking system.
           2.3.     Vertical load on coupling point
           2.3.1.   The maximum static vertical load will be laid by the manufacturer. In no case, however, must it
                    exceed three tonnes.
           2.3.2.   Conditions of acceptance
           2.3.2.1. If a vertical load not exceeding that laid down by the manufacturer is applied through the reference
                    centre of the tow hitch under static conditions and in a manner which can be regulated, the two
                    following conditions must be fulfilled:
                     i) the mass on the steering axle (Ma) shall not, under static conditions, be less than 20% of the
                        kerb mass of the tractor (Mt);
                    ii) the mass on the most heavily loaded axle shall not exceed that permitted by the characteristics
                        of the tyres as set out in the tables recommended by the tyre manufacturers (ETRTO tables (i)).
           (') European Technical Organization for Tyres and Rims.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                  No C 218/5
                                                             Appendix
                                                              MODEL
                                                                                      Name of administration
          ANNEX T O THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TYPE OF TRACTOR WITH REGARD
                                                T O DIMENSIONS AND MASSES
          (Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of the laws of
                 the Member States relating to the EEC type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors)
          EEC type-approval N o :
            1. Component(s) or characteristic(s):
                1.1. Dimensions:
                     1.1.1. Length:            m
                     1.1.2. Width:             m
                     1.1.3. Height:            m
                1.2. Masses:
                     1.2.1. Trailer mass:             kg
                     1.2.2. Vertical load on coupling point:           N
           2. Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer:
           3. Type and commercial description of tractor:
           4. Manufacturer's name and address:
           5. If applicable, name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative.
           6. Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval:
           7. Technical service conducting the type-approval tests:
           8. Date of report issued by that service
           9. Number of report issued by that service:
          10. EEC type-approval for dimensions and masses is granted/refuded (')
          11. Place:
          12. Date:
          13. Signature:
           (') Delete where inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/6                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                   17. 8. 87
           14. The following documents, bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated above, are annexed to this
               certificate:
                            Dimensional drawings
                            Exploded view or photograph of the tractor
               The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request.
           15. Remarks:
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 218/7
                                                               ANNEX 11
           SPEED GOVERNORS, PROTECTION OF DRIVE COMPONENTS, PROJECTIONS AND WHEELS,
                                                 AND TRAILER-BRAKE CONTROL
            1.           SPEED GOVERNOR
           11-           If a speed governor forms part of the manufacturer's original equipment it shall be installed and
                         designed in such a way that the tractor complies with Directive 74/152/EEC( 1 ) on maximum
                         design speed.
           2.            PROTECTION OF DRIVE COMPONENTS, PROJECTIONS AND WHEELS
           2.1.          General
           2.1.1.       Drive components, projections and wheels on tractors shall be designed, installed or protected in
                        such a way as to reduce the risk or seriousness of injury to persons and to avoid accidents.
           2.1.2.       There must be adequate protection of the dangerous parts of drive components, projections and
                        wheels. Such protection shall be considered to be adequate if it meets the requirements of
                        point 2.2. Solutions other than those described in point 2.3 shall be authorized if manufacturers
                        provide proof that such are at least equivalent to the requirements of point 2.3.
          2.2.           Definitions
          2.2.1.        'Protective device' means a device intended to protect dangerous parts. Within the meaning of
                       this Directive protected parts means shields, covers or guards.
          2.2.1.1.     'Shield' means a protective device located immediately in front of a dangerous part and which,
                       either on its own or with other parts of the machine, protects on all sides against contact with
                       the dangerous part.
          2.2.1.2.     'Cover' means a protective device located in front of the dangerous part and which protects
                       against contact with the dangerous part on the covered side.
          2.2.1.3.     'Guard' means a protective device which, by means of a rail, grill or similar provides the necessary
                       safety distance preventing contact with the dangerous part.
          2.2.2.       'Dangerous part' means any point which, owing to the arrangement or design of the fixed or
                       movable part of a tractor, involves a risk of injury. The dangerous parts are, in particular,
                      pinching, shearing, cutting, piercing, penetrating, snatching, entry and attack points.
          2.2.2.1.    'Pinching point' means any dangerous point where parts move in relation to each other or to
                      fixed parts in such a way that persons or certain parts of their bodies may run the risk of pinching.
          2.2.2.2.    'Shear point' means any dangerous point where parts move along each other or along other parts
                      in such a way that persons or certain parts of their bodies may run the risk of pinching or
                      shearing.
          2.2.2.3.    'Cutting, piercing or penetration point' means any dangerous point where parts, either moving
                      or fixed, sharp edged, pointed or blunt may injure persons or certain parts of their bodies.
          2.2.2.4.    'Snatching point' means any dangerous point where sharp-edged projections, teeth, pins, screws
                      and bolts, grease nipples, shafts, shaft ends and other parts move in such a way that persons,
                      certain parts of their bodies or clothing may be snatched and pulled along.
          2.2.2.5.    'Entry or attack point' means any dangerous point whose parts, by moving, narrow an aperture
                      in which persons, certain parts of their bodies or clothes may be caught.
          (') OJ N o L 8 4 , 28. 3. 1974, p. 33.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/8                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
           2.2.3.    'Reach' means the maximum distance which can be reached by persons or certain parts of their
                     bodies upwards, downwards, inwards, above, around or across without the aid of any object.
           2.2.4.    'Safe margin' means the distance corresponding to the reach or to the body dimensions and a
                     safety margin.
           2.2.5.    'Control' means any device whose direct actuation enables the state or operation of the tractor
                     or of any equipment linked to it to be altered.
           2.2.6.    'Narrow-track tractor' means any tractor one of whose axles, whether fixed or adjustable is less
                     than 1 150 m.
           2.3.      Safety margins for avoiding contact with dangerous parts
           2.3.1.    The safety margin is measured from those points which may be reached to actuate, service and
                     inspect the tractor, and also from gangways. 'Servicing and inspecting the tractor' solely means
                     work normally carried out by the driver himself in accordance with the instructions for use. In
                     determining the safety margins the basic principle is that the tractor is in the state for which it
                     has been designed and that no tool has been used in order to reach the dangerous part. The
                     tractor must meet either the essential requirements set out in points 2.3.2.1 to 2.3.2.5 or the
                     particular requirements set out in points 2.3.2.6 to 2.3.2.14.
           2.3.2.    Protection of dangerous point
           2.3.2.1.  Upwards.
                     The upward safety margin is 2 500 mm (figure 1) in the case of persons standing upright.
                                                            Figure 1
          2.3.2.2.  Downwards, above.
                    The safety margin for reaching above a sharp edge is:
                    a = from ground level up to the dangerous part,
                    b = height of sharp edge or protective device,
                    c = horizontal distance between dangerous part and sharp edge (figure 2).
                                                                               Dangerous part
                                                            Figure 2
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                                  Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/9
               When reaching both downwards and above the safety margins (in mm) set out in Table 1 must be maintained.
                                                                  TABLE 1
                                                              Height between sharp edge and protective device 'b'
            Distance 'a' from
                ground of                2 400       2 200      2 000         1 800          1600       1400      1200      1000
             dangerous part
                                                                  Horizontal distance 'c' from dangerous part
                    2 400                               100        100           100           100         100      100       100
                    2 200                  —            250        350          400            500         500      600       600
                    2 000                  —           —           350          500            800         700      900     1 100
                    1 800                  —           —          —             600            900         900    1000      1 100
                    1600                   —           —          —             500            900         900    1000      1300
                    1400                   —           —          —              100           800         900    1000      1300
                    1200                   —           —          —             —              500         900    1000      1400
                    1000                   —           —          —             —              300         900    1000      1400
                      800                  —           —          —             —             —            600      900     1300
                      500                  —           —          —             —             —           —         500     1 200
                      400                  —           —          —             —             —           —         300     1 200
                      200                  —           —          —             —             —           —         200     1 100
              2.3.2.3.      Reach around
                            The safety margin shown (in mm) in Table 2 below must, at the minimum, be maintained if the
                            part of the body concerned is not to reach a dangerous part. In applying the safety margin it is
                            assumed that the main body joint concerned is pushed firmly against the sharp edge. The safety
                            margins are not considered to have been maintained until one is satisfied that that part of the
                            body may quite definitely not advance or penetrate further.
                                                                 TABLE 2
            Part of the body                 Safety margin r                                         Figure
     Hand from the first knuck-
     le to the fingertips                        £120
    Hand from the wrist to the                   £230
    fingertips
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/10                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
               Limb                     Safety margin r                                   Figure
    Arm, from the elbow to the
                                             £550
    fingertips
   Arm, from the shoulder to                 £650
   the fingertips
             2.3.2.4.  Penetration and reach across
                       If penetration is possible into or across opening and up to dangerous parts, at least the safety
                       margins (in mm) set out in Table 3 and 4 must be maintained.
                                                               TABLE 3
                                         Safety margins for elongated and parallel openings
                       Finger-                                    Hand, up to base of               Arm
          Limb                               Finger
                          tip                                            thumb
       Illustration
    Width of rec-
   tangular or slot-   >4:£B        > a: s \2     > 1 2 : £ 20         > 20: £ 30                > 30: £ 1 3 5          > J35
   ted opening
   Safety margin up
   to       dangerous    £»5          £80            £»20                £200                       £850
   part b
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/11
                                                                TABLE 4
                                             Safety margins for square or circular apertures
        Part of the body
                           Finger-
                             tip
                                              Finger                Hand, up to base of
                                                                           thumb
                                                                                                         Arm                H
         Illustration
      Width of aper-
      ture, diameter or    >4;£B       >8:£12       > 12:^25              > 23; £ 40                  > 40: £ 250          >250
      lateral length a
      Safety      margin
      from dangerous        its          £30          £120                  £200                           850
     zone b
              2.3.2.5.   Safety margins at pinching points
                         A pinching point is not considered dangerous for the part of the body shown if the safety margins
                         (in mm) are not less than those set out in Table 5, and if it is ensured that the adjacent, wider
                         part of the body cannot be introduced.
                         A pinching point is not considered to be dangerous for the part of the body shown if the following
                         minimum safety margins are adhered to and if it is ensured that the majority of the closest part
                         of the body cannot penetrate it.
                                                               TABLE 5
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/12                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
          2.3.2.6.   Controls
                     Where controls require an effort of between 80 and 150 N a free space must be provided, at the
                     handle, of at least 25 mm between the control and the adjacent parts; where controls require an
                     effort of more than 150 N a free space of at least 50 mm must be provided around the hand grip.
                     The separate pedal for the steering brake does not need any protection against a pinching or
                     shearing point since its rearward travel is very limited.
                     The holes through which the controls pass through parts of the platform or cabin do not need
                     any protection against pinching or shearing points if suitable use precludes any risk of injury to
                     the working parts of the body.
          2.3.2.7.   Three-point coupling
          2.3.2.7.1. Behind a plane passing through the median plane of the pivot points of the lifting rods in a three-
                     point coupling system a minimum safety margin of 25 mm must be maintained between the
                     moving parts for each point or of the lifting device's travel — but not for the extreme upper and
                     lower positions 0,1 n, together with a distance of 25 mm or a minimum angle of 30° for the parts
                     in shear which cause a change in angularity (figure 3). Travel n' reduced by 0,1 n at both its
                     upper and lower ends is defined as follows (figure 4):
                                                            Figure 3
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/13
                                            V7777777777777777777777)
                                                              Figure 4
          2.3.2.7.2. For travel n of the hydraulic lifting unit, lower position A of the coupling point of the lower rod
                     is limited by dimension '14' in accordance with standard ISO 730, part 1, while upper posi-
                     tion B is limited by the maximum hydraulic travel. Travel n' corresponds to travel n reduced
                     upwards and downwards by 0,1 n, and constitutes the vertical distance between A' and B\
          2.3.2.7.3. Moreover, within travel n', a minimum safety margin of 25 mm in relation to the adjacent parts
                     must be maintained around the profile of the lifting rods.
          2.3.2.7.4. If, in the case of a three-point coupling, coupling devices are used which do not require the
                     presence of an operator between the tractor and the implement carried (for example, in the case
                     of a quick coupling), the provisions of point 2.3.2.7.3 do not apply.
          2.3.2.7.5. The operating manual should also contain specific information on the dangerous parts located
                     at the front of the plane defined in the first sentence of point 2.3.2.7.1.
          2.3.2.8.   Driving seat and environment
                     When he is in a sitting position, all pinching or shearing points shall be out of range of the
                     driver's hands or feet. This requirement shall be considered to have been met if the following
                     conditions are fulfilled:
          2.3.2.8.1. The driver's seat shall be at the mid-point in its longitudinal and vertical adjustment range. The
                     driver's reach limit shall be divided into zones A and B. A central spherical point of these zones
                     shall be 70 mm in front of and 570 mm above the seat reference point (figure 5). Zone A shall
                     consist of a sphere having a diameter of 550 mm while zone B will be located between that sphere
                     and a sphere having a diameter of 1 000 mm.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/14                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
                                                              Figure 5
          2.3.2.8.2.  A safety margin of 120 mm in zone A and 25 mm in zone B shall be maintained near the pinching
                      and shearing points, whilst a minimum angle of 30 shall be maintained in the case of shearing
                      parts causing a change in angularity.
          2.3.2.8.3.  In zone A, only the pinching and shearing points caused by parts set in motion by an outside
                      energy source must be taken into account.
          2.3.2.8.4.  If a dangerous part is due to the presence of structural parts adjacent to the seat, a safety margin
                      of at least 25 mm shall be maintained between that structural part and the seat. There is no
                      dangerous part between the seat back-rest and the adjacent structural parts located behind that
                      back-rest if the adjacent structural parts are smooth and the seat back-rest itself is rounded in
                      the surrounding area and has no sharp points.
          2.3.2.9.    Passenger seat (if any)
          2.3.2.9.1.  If parts may constitute a danger for the feet, provision must be made for protective devices within
                      a hemisphere radius of 800 mm starting from the forward edge of the seat cushion and pointing
                      downwards.
          2.3.2.9.2.  As described in point 2.3.2.8 (figure 6), the dangerous parts in zones A and B must be protected
                      within a sphere whose centre is 670 mm above the centre of the front edge of the crew seat.
          2.3.2.10.   Narrow-track tractors
                      In the case of narrow-track tractors, the requirement of points 2.3.2.8 and 2.3.2.9 shall not apply
                      to the area situated below a plane inclined at 45° to the rear and transverse to the direction of
                      travel, and passing through a point located 230 mm behind the seat reference point (figure 7). If
                      there are any dangerous parts in this zone, warnings shall be affixed to the tractor.
          2.3.2.11.   Access to driving and passenger seats
          2.3.2.11.1. Access shall be free of parts which may cause injury. If it is not possible to avoid projections
                      into the upward access zone (clutch pedal, for example), there must be sufficient room for at
                      least one foot forwards, to the rear or sides of these parts.
          2.3.2.11.2. A space of at least 150 mm must be reserved at the door threshold (figure 8). In addition, any
                      dangerous parts with which the driver may come into contact during normal entry and exit
                      operations (for example, sharp or very hot parts) must be protected.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                          No C 218/15
                                                             Reach II
                                                                              \
                                                                                   \
                                                    /        Reach I " \        ooO
                                                            Figure 6
                                                                                     SI point
                                                            Figure 7
          2.3.2.12. Steering and swing axle
                    Parts moving in relation to each other or to fixed parts shall be protected if they lie within the
                    zone defined in points 2.3.2.8 to 2.3.2.10.
          2.3.2.13. Exposed transmission shafts
                    Exposed transmission shafts (for example, for four-wheel drive) which only rotate while the
                    tractor is in motion, shall be protected if they are located within the zone defined in points 2.3.2.8
                    to 2.3.2.10.
          2.3.2.14. Mudguards
                    The clearance zones of the mudguards shall meet the requirements set out in point 2.5.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/16                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                       17. 8. 87
                                               150..a
                                                         Figure 8
          2.4.   Method of determining the seat reference point
          2.4.1.  General
                 The method and device used in defining the reference point for any type of upholstered seat are
                 described below.
          2.4.2.   Definitions
                 Seat reference point (SIP)
                 Point situated in the median vertical longitudinal plane of the SIP locating device represented in
                 figure 9 which is placed on the driving seat in accordance with points 2.4.4 and 2.4.6.
                 The seat reference point is laid down in relation to the vehicle and does not move as a function
                 of the seat adjustments and/or oscillations.
          2.4.3. Device for determining the seat reference point (SIP)
                 The device for determining the SIP shall be as shown in figure 9. The mass of that device shall
                 be 6 ± 1 kg and its underside shall be flat and polished.
          2.4.4. Seat setting for determination of reference point (SIP)
                 Where a seat and its suspension can be regulated, the seat shall be regulated as follows before
                 the reference point is determined :
                 (a) All of the adjustments — back/forth, height and rake — shall be in their mid-position. If this
                     is not the case, the closest adjustment either above or after of the mid-position should be
                     used.
                 (b) Adjustable suspension shall be adjusted in such a way that the suspension is at mid-travel
                     with the locating device in position and loaded. The suspension may be locked mechanically
                     in that position while the reference point (SIP) is determined.
                 (c) Non-adjustable suspension may be locked in the vertical position that is achieved with the
                     locating device in place and loaded.
                 (d) If the adjustments mentioned above conflict with the manufacturer's specific instructions,
                     these must be followed in such a way as to obtain the setting recommended for a 75 kg driver.
                 Note: A 75 kg driver offers an approximation of the locating device in position on the seat and
                          loaded with a mass of 65 kg.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                         No C 218/17
          2.4.5. Determination of the three references axes x', y' and z' for the SIP
                 The coordinates shall be established as follows:
                 (a) Location, on one side of the seat mounting, of the attachment hole that is in the most rear
                     position.
                 (b) If the axis of this hole is parallel to the pivot axis defined on the device, it shall be taken as
                     axis y', pointing from left to right in relation to a seated driver (figure 10).
                 (c) If the axis of this hole is parallel to the vertical plane passing through the centre line of the
                     seat, the straight line shall be taken as axis y' which runs parallel to the pivot axis referred
                     to and passes through the point of intersection between the supporting plane of the seat and
                     the hole axis referred to above (figure 11).
                 (d) In all other cases, axis y' shall be established in accordance with the parameters relating to
                     the seat to be examined.
                 (e) Axes x' and z' are to be defined as intersections of the horizontal and vertical planes passing
                     through y' with the vertical plane through the seat centre line. Axes x' and z' shall point
                     forwards and upwards (figures 10 and 11).
          2.4.6. Method of determining the seat reference point (SIP)
                 The seat reference point (SIP) shall be determined by using the device shown in figure 9 and by
                 proceeding in the following manner:
                 (a) The seat shall be covered with a piece of cloth in order to facilitate correct positioning of the
                     device.
                 (b) The device shall be positioned on the seat cushion (without additional mass) by pushing it
                     rearwards against the back-rest.
                 (c) Masses should be added to bring the total mass of the device from 6 ± 1 kg to 26 ± 1 kg.
                     The centre of vertical force shall be 40 mm ahead of the seat reference point mark on the
                     horizontal part of the device (see figure 9).
                 (d) A horizontal force of about 100 N shall be applied twice to the device on the seat reference
                     point, as set out in figure 9.
                 (e) Other masses shall be added to bring the total mass of the device from 26 ± 1 kg to 65 ±
                     1 kg. The centre of the vertical force of the masses added shall be 40 mm ahead of the seat
                     reference point mark on the horizontal part of the device (figure 9).
                 (f) On both sides of the seat in two vertical planes, equidistant from the longitudinal median
                     line of the seat, the coordinates, as defined in point 5, of the intersections of those planes on
                     the axis of the seat reference point marked by the device, shall be measured to ± 1 mm.
                 (g) The conditions resulting from the method of determination, and which diverge from the
                     procedure set out in this Annex, or which may be the source of errors as regards their results,
                     may be noted, as may their causes.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/18  Official Journal of the European Communities              17. 8. 87
                           Dimensions in millimeters
                                   Figure 9
            Method used for determining the seat reference point (SIP)
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                 No C 218/19
                                                                              Pivot axis of back/thighs
                                                                              on the device
                                                     Figure 10
                       Determination of SIP reference axes (axis of attachment hole parallel
                                       to the pivot axis of the back/thighs)
                                                                                                        Pivot axis of
                                                                                                        back/thighs
                                                                                                        on the device
                                                     Figure 11
          Determination of the three reference axis of the SIP (axis of attachment hole parallel to the
                            vertical plane passing through the median line of the seat
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/20                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                          17. 8. 87
          2.5.       Clearance zone around the drive wheels
          2.5.1.     Clearance zone around the wheels means the space which must remain clear all the way round
                     the drive wheel in relation to the adjacent parts of the vehicle, i.e. the mudguards, mounting
                     points, drawbar and electrical conduits. A smaller clearance zone shall be authorized on vehicles
                     whose mudguards also scrape off earth stuck to the wheels.
                     The clearance zone of the drive wheels, when fitted with standard tyres, shall correspond (in
                     mm) to the dimensions set out in the following figure and table:
             Mouting
                                Narrowest track
                                       Extended track
                                Norma track                       Narrow track
                              a                                 0                It
                      —
                            50                CO               IS                30
          3.         TRAILER BRAKE CONTROL
          3.1.       The trailer braking system (service brake and/or parking brake and/or automatic brake) shall be
                     actuated by a control which can be moderated and which is mounted on the tractor and can be
                     operated by the driver from the driving seat.
                     However, the presence of a control is not required when the service brake is of the inertia type.
          3.2.       Where the trailer is not coupled to the tractor, the service brake shall be able to be actuated by a
                     person standing upright on the ground. This is not required if the parking brake is actuated
                     automatically when the trailor is detached from the tractor.
          33.        The trailor brake control must be in the form either of a pedal or of a handle or lever.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                No C 218/21
                                                               Appendix
                                                                MODEL
                                                                                      Name of administration
          ANNEX T O THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD
          T O THE SPEED GOVERNOR, PROTECTION OF THE DRIVE COMPONENTS, PROJECTIONS AND
                                       WHEELS, AND THE TRAILER-BRAKE CONTROL
          (Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of the laws of
                 the Member States relating to the EEC type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors)
          EEC type-approval N o :
            1. Component(s) or characteristic(s):
                1.1. Speed governor (where present)
                1.2. Protection of the drive units, projection and wheels
                1.3. Trailer brake control
           2. Make of tractor (or business name of manufacturer):
           3. Type and commercial description of tractor:
           4. Name and address of manufacturer:
           5. Name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative (if any):
           6. Description of component(s) and/or characteristi(s) mentioned under above:
           7. Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval:
           8. Technical service conducting the type-approval tests:
           9. Date of report issued by that service:
          10. Number of report issued by that service:
          11. EEC type-approval for the speed governor, protection of the drive components, projections and wheels,
               and for the trailer brake control is granted/refused (')
          12. Place:
          13. Date:
          14. Signature:
           (') Delete where inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/22                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                     17. 8. 87
          15. The following documents, bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated above, are annexed to this
              certificate:
                           Dimensional drawings
                           Exploded view or photograph of the relevant parts of the tractor
              These data must be supplied to the component authorities of the other Member States if they so request.
          16. Remarks
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 218/23
                                                           ANNEX III
                                          WINDSCREENS AND OTHER GLAZING
                                                          ANNEX     III-A
          DEFINITIONS, APPLICATION FOR TYPE-APPROVAL, TYPE-APPROVAL, MARKINGS, GENERAL
                           SPECIFICATIONS, TESTS AND CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
           1.         DEFINITIONS
           1.1.      For the purposes of this Directive:
                     'Toughened-glass pane' means a glass pane consisting of a single layer of glass which has been
                     subjected to special treatment to increase its mechanical strength and condition its fragmentations
                     after shattering.
          1.2.       'Laminated-glass pane' means a glass pane consisting of two or more layers of glass held together
                     by one or more interlayers of plastic material; it may be:
          1.2.1.    'Ordinary', where none of the layers of glass of which it is composed has been treated.
          1.2.2.    'Treated', where at least one of the layers of glass of which it is composed has been specially
                    treated to increase its mechanical strength and to condition its fragmentation after shattering.
          1.3.      'Safety glazing coated with plastic material' means a glass pane as defined in point 1.1 or 1.2
                    with a layer of plastics material on its inner surface.
          1.4.      'Glass-plastics safety glazing' means a pane of laminated glass having one layer of glass and one
                    or more layers of plastics material at least one of which acts as interlayer. The plastics layers
                    shall be on the inner face when the glazing is fitted on the tractor.
          1.5.      'Group of windscreens' means a group comprising windscreens of differing sizes and shapes
                    subjected to an examination of their mechanical properties, their mode of fragmentation and
                    their behaviour in environmental-aggression resistance tests.
          1.5.1.    'Flat windscreen' means a windscreen exhibiting no nominal curvature resulting in a height of
                   segment exceeding 10 mm per linear metre.
          1.5.2.   'Curved windscreen' means a windscreen exhibiting nominal curvature resulting in a height of
                   segment exceeding 10 mm per linear metre.
          1.6.     'Double window' means a set of two panes installed separately in the same opening on the
                   tractor.
          1.7.     'Double glazing' means a unit composed of two panes permanently assembled in the factory and
                   separated by a uniform gap.
          1.7.1.   'Symmetrical double glazing' means double glazing in which the two constituent panes are of
                   the same type (toughened or laminated glass, etc.) and exhibit identical principal and secondary
                   characteristics.
          1.7.2.   'Asymmetrical double glazing' means double glazing in which the two constituent panes are of
                   a different type (toughened or laminated glass, etc.) or exhibit different principal and/or
                   secondary characteristics.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/24                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
          1-8.     'Principal characteristic' means a characteristic which appreciably modifies the optical and/or
                   mechanical properties of a pane of glass in a way not without significance to the function which
                   the glass pane is to perform in a tractor. This term also covers the trade name or mark.
          1.9.    'Secondary characteristic' means a characteristic capable of modifying the optical and/or mechan-
                  ical properties of a pane of glass in a way which is of significance to the function which the
                  glass pane is intended to perform in a tractor. The extent of such modification is assessed in
                  relation to the indices of difficulty.
          1.10.   The term 'indices of difficulty' covers a two-stage grading system applying to the variations
                  observed in practice in each secondary characteristic. A change from index ' 1 ' to index '2'
                  indicates the need for additional tests.
          1.11.   'Developed area of a windscreen' means the minimum rectangular area of glass from which a
                  windscreen can be manufactured.
          1.12.   'Rake angle of a windscreen' means the angle included between a vertical line and a straight
                  line passing through the top and bottom extremities of the windscreen, both lines lying in a
                  vertical plane along the longitudinal axis of the tractor.
          1.12.1. Measurement of the rake angle shall be performed on a tractor standing on level ground, in
                  running order, fully charged with fuel, coolant and lubricant, and equipped with tools and the
                  spare wheel or wheels (if they are provided as standard equipment by the tractor manufacturer);
                  allowance shall be made for the mass of a driver and of one front-seat passenger, the mass of
                  the driver and that of the passenger each being deemed to be 75 ± 1 kg.
          1.12.2. Tractors equipped with hydropneumatic, hydraulic or pneumatic suspension or with a device
                  for automatic adjustment of ground clearance according to load shall be tested in the normal
                  running conditions specified by the manufacturer.
          1.13.   'Height of segment' means the maximum distance, measured at right angles approximately to
                  the glass pane, separating the inner surface of the pane from a pane passing through the ends of
                  the pane (Annex III-J, figure 1).
          1.14.   'Type of glass pane' means a glass pane, as defined in points 1.1 to 1.4, not exhibiting any
                  essential differences in respect, in particular, of the principal and secondary characteristics
                  mentioned in Annexes III-C to III-K.
          1.14.1. Although a change in the principal characteristics implies that the product is of a new type, it is
                  recognized that in certain cases a change in shape and dimension does not necessarily require a
                  complete set of tests to be carried out. For certain of the tests prescribed in the individual
                  Annexes, glass panes may be grouped together if it is evident that they have similar principal
                  characteristics.
          1.14.2. Glass panes exhibiting differences only as regards their secondary characteristics may be deemed
                  to be of the same type; certain tests may, however, be carried out on samples of such panes if
                  the performance of those tests is explicitly stipulated in the test conditions.
          1.15.   'Minimum radius of curvature' means the approximate value of the smallest radius of arc of the
                  windscreen as measured in the area of maximum curvature.
          2.        APPLICATION FOR TYPE-APPROVAL
          2.1.     The application for EEC approval of a type of glass pane shall be submitted by the manufacturer
                   of the safety-glass pane or by his duly accredited representative for each type of safety glass.
                   The application may be made in one Member State only.
          2.2.     For each type of safety glass, the application shall be accompanied by the undermentioned
                   documents in triplicate and by the following particulars:
          2.2.1.    A technical description comprising all principal and secondary characteristics, and:
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                   No C 218/25
          2.2.1.1.      In the case of glazing other than windscreens, drawings in a format not exceeding A4 or folded
                        to that format, showing:
                       — the maximum area,
                       — the smallest angle between two adjacent sides of the glass pane, and
                       — the maximum height of segment, if any.
          2.2.1.2.     In the case of windscreens:
          2.2.1.2.1.   A list of the models of windscreen for which type approval is sought, giving the name of the
                        tractor manufacturers and the type(s) of tractor.
          2.2.1.2.2.    Drawings in full scale and diagrams of the windscreens and their installation in the tractor in
                       sufficient detail to show:
          2.2.1.2.2.1. The rake angle of the windscreen.
          2.2.1.2.2.2. The rake angle of the seat back-rest.
          2.2.1.2.2.3. The position and size of the zones in which the optical qualities are verified and, where
                       appropriate, the area subjected to differential toughening.
          2.2.1.2.2.4. The developed area of the windscreen.
          2.2.1.2.2.5. The maximum height of segment of the windscreen.
          2.2.1.2.2.6. The minimum radius of curvature of the windscreen (for windscreen-grouping purposes only).
          2.2.1.3.     In the case of double glazing, drawings in a format not exceeding A4 or folded to that format,
                       showing, in addition to the information referred to in point 2.2.1.1:
                       — the type of each constituent glass pane,
                       — the type of bonding (organic, glass-glass or glass-metal),
                       — the nominal thickness of the gap between the two glass panes.
          2.3.         In addition, the applicant shall submit a sufficient number of test pieces and samples of the
                       finished glass panes of the models considered, the number being if necessary determined by
                       agreement with the technical service for conducting the tests.
                       TYPE-APPROVAL
          3.1.         If the samples submitted for type-approval meet the requirements of points 5 to 7, approval of
                       the pertinent type of safety-glass pane shall be granted.
          3.2.         A type-approval number shall be assigned to each type, as defined in Annexes III-D, III-E, IH-G
                       and III-H or, in the case of windscreens, to each group approved. The same Member State may
                       not assign the same number to another type or group of safety-glass panes.
          3.3.         Notice of approval or extension or refusal of approval of a type of safety-glass pane pursuant
                       to this Directive shall be communicated to the Member States by means of a form drawn up in
                       accordance with the model set out in Annex IH-B and the appendices annexed thereto.
          3.3.1.       In the case of windscreens, the notice of approval shall be accompanied by a document listing
                       every windscreen model in the approved group, together with the characteristics of the group.
          3.4.         In addition to the marking specified in point 4.1, the EEC type-approval mark shall be affixed
                       conspicuously to all safety-glass panes, and double-glazed units conforming to a type approved
                       under this Directive. Any special type-approval mark assigned to each pane of a double-glazed
                       unit may also be affixed.
          3.5.         The EEC type-approval mark is described in the appendix.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/26                    Official Journal of the European Communities                                             17. 8. 87
          3.6.   The following additional symbols shall be affixed near the EEC type-approval mark:
                 51      in the  case of toughened glass,
                 SIP     in the  case of toughened-glass windscreens,
                 52      in the  case of laminated glass,
                 S2P     in the  case of laminated-glass windscreens,
                 53      in the  case of glass plastics,
                 S3P     in the  case of glass-plastics windscreens,
                 54      in the  case of double glazing.
          3.7.   The EEC type-approval mark and the symbol shall be clearly legible and indelible.
          4.     MARKINGS
          4.1.   All safety-glass panes, including the samples and test pieces submitted for type-approval, shall
                 bear the trade name or mark of the manufacturer. The marking shall be clearly legible and
                 indelible.
          5.     GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
          5.1.   All glazing shall be such that, in the event of shattering, the danger of bodily injury is reduced
                 as far as possible. The glass shall be sufficiently resistant to the incidents likely to occur in
                 normal traffic, and to atmospheric and temperature conditions, chemical action, combustion
                 and abrasion.
          5.2.   Safety glass shall in addition be sufficiently transparent, shall not cause any noticeable distortions
                 of objects as seen through the windscreen, and shall not give rise to any confusion between the
                 colours used in road-traffic signs and signals. In the event of the windscreen's shattering, the
                 driver shall still be able to see the road clearly enough to be able to brake and stop his tractor
                 safely.
          6.     PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS
                 All types of safety-glass panes shall, depending on the category to which they belong, comply
                 with the following particular requirements:
          6.1.   As regards uniformly toughened glass: the requirements set out in Annex III-D.
          6.2.   As regards ordinary laminated glass: the requirements set out in Annex III-E.
          6.3.   As regards platics-coated safety glazing: not only the appropriate requirements listed above, but
                 also the requirements set out in Annex III-F.
          6.4.   As regards glass plastics: the requirements set out in Annex III-G.
          6.5.   As regards double glazing: the requirements set out in Annex III-H.
          7.     TESTS
                 The following tests are prescribed :
          7.1.   Fragmentation
                 The purpose of this test is:
          7.1.1. To verify that the fragments and splinters produced by fracture of the pane of glass are such as
                 to minimize the risk of injury.
          7.1.2. In the case of windscreens, to check residual visibility after shattering.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 218/27
          7.2.      Mechanical strength
          7.2.1.    Ball-impact test
          7.2.1.1.  227 g ball test. The purpose of this test is to assess the adhesion of the interlayer in laminated
                    glass and the mechanical strength of toughened glass.
          7.2.2.    Headform test
                    The purpose of this test is to verify the glass pane's compliance with requirements relating to
                    the limitation of injury in the event of impact of the head against the windscreen, laminated-
                    glass or glass-plastics panes, double-glazed units used in the side windows.
          7.3.      Resistance to the environment
          7.3.1.    Abrasion test
                   The purpose of this test is to determine whether the resistance of a safety-glass pane to abrasion
                   exceeds a specified value.
          7.3.2.   High-temperature     test
                   The purpose of this test is to verify that no bubbles or other defects occur in the interlayer in a
                   laminated-glass or glass-plastics pane when the latter is exposed to high temperatures over an
                   extended period of time.
          7.3.3.   Resistance to radiation test
                   The purpose of this test is to determine whether the light transmittance of laminated-glass, glass-
                   plastics or plastics-coated glass panes exposed to radiation over an extended period of time is
                   significantly reduced thereby or whether the glazing is significantly discoloured.
          7.3.4.   Resistance to humidity test
                   The purpose of this test is to determine whether a laminated-glass, glass-plastics or plastics-
                   coated glass pane will withstand, without significant deterioration, the effects of prolonged
                   exposure to atmospheric humidity.
          7.3.5.   Resistance to temperature change
                   The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastics material(s) used in safety glazing as
                   defined in points 1.3 and 1.4 will withstand, without significant deterioration, the effects of
                   prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures.
          7.4.     Optical qualities
          7.4.1.   Light-transmission    test
                   The purpose of this test is to determine whether the regular transmittance of safety-glass panes
                   exceeds a specified value.
          7.4.2.   Optical-distortion   test
                   The purpose of this test is to verify that the distortion of objects as seen through the windscreen
                   is not of such extent as to be likely to confuse the driver.
          7.4.3.    Secondary-image-separation     test
                    The purpose of this test is to verify that the angular separation of the secondary image from the
                    primary image does not exceed a specified value.
          7.4.4.    Identification of coulours test
                    The purpose of this test is to verify that there is no risk of confusion of colours as seen through
                    a windscreen.
          7.5.      Burning behaviour (fire-resistance) test
                    The purpose of this test is to verify that a composite of laminated or other glass that includes a
                    plastics surface intended to face the interior of the tractor has a sufficiently low burn rate.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/28                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                                   17. 8. 87
          7.6.    Resistance to chemical agents
                  The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastics material(s) used in safety glazing as
                  defined in points 1.3 and 1.4 will withstand, without deterioration, the effects of exposure to
                  the chemical agents likely to be present or used in a vehicle (for example, cleaning agents).
          7.7.    Tests prescribed for glass panes of the categories defined in points 1.1 to 1.4 of this Directive
          7.7.1.  Safety-glass panes shall be subjected to the tests listed in the following table:
                                          Test                       Toughened glass      Laminated glass       Glass-plastics
                  Fragmentation test                                 III-D/2                     _
                  Mechanical-strength test (227 g ball)              III-D/3.1            III-E/4            III-E/4
                  Headform test (')                                         —             III-E/3            III-G/3
                  Abrasion test:
                 — outer surface                                            —             III-E/5.1          III-E/5.1
                  — inner surface                                    III-F/2       (2)    III-F/2       (2)  III-F/2
                  High-temperature test                                     —             III-C/5            III-C/5
                  Resistance to radiation test                              —             III-C/6            III-C/6
                                                                     III-C/7        2     III-C/7            III-C/7
                  Resistance to humidity test                                      ()
                  Light-transmission test                            III-C/9.1            III-C/9.1          III-C/9.1
                  Optical-distortion test                            III-C/9.2     (3)    III-C/-9.2    (3)  III-C/9.2       (3)
                  Secondary-image-separation test                    III-C/9.3     (3)    III-C/9.3     (3)  III-C/9.3       (3)
                  Burning behaviour fire-resistance) test            III-C/8       (2)    III-C/8       (2)  III-C/8
                  Resistance to temperature change                   III-C/10      (2)    III-C/10      (2)  III-C/10
                  Resistance to chemical agents                      III-C/11      (2)    III-C/11      (2)  III-C/11
                  (') This test shall also be performed on double-glazed units in accordance with Annex 111-H, point 3.
                  (2) Applies only to glass panes coated with plastics material on their inner surface.
                  (') This test shall be performed only on glazing used in windscreens.
                  Note: A reference such as III-D/2 refers to point 2 of Annex 111-D, where the relevant test is described.
          7.7.2.  A safety-glass pane shall be type-approved if it meets all the requirements prescribed in the
                  relevant provisions referred to in the above table.
          8.     MODIFICATION OR EXTENSION OF APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF SAFETY-GLASS PANE
          8.1.   All modifications to a type of safety-glass pane or, in the case of windscreens, all additions of
                 windscreens to a group, shall be notified to the administrative department which approve the
                 type of safety-glass pane. The department may then either:
          8.1.1. Consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect and, in
                 the case of windscreens, that the new type comes within the approved group of windscreens,
                 and that at all events the safety-glass pane still complies with the requirements, or
          8.1.2. Require a further test report from the technical service responsible for conducting the tests.
          8.2.   Communication
          8.2.1. Confirmation, refusal or extension of type-approval shall be communicated to the Member
                 States in accordance with the procedure specified in point 3.3.
          8.2.2. The competent authority that has granted an extension of type-approval shall place a serial
                 number on each communication to that effect.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 218/29
           9.           CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
           9.1.         Safety glazing type-approved under this and the following Annexes shall be so manufactured as
                        to conform to the approved type and meet the requirements set out in points 5, 6 and 7.
           9.2.         To verify that the requirements of point 9.1 have been met, constant checks shall be carried out
                        on production.
           9.3.         The holder of the type-approval shall, in particular:
           9.3.1.       Ensure that procedures exist for controlling the quality of the product.
           9.3.2.       Have access to the equipment necessary for checking conformity to each approved type.
           9.3.3.       Record data of test results and make the ancillary documents (') available for a period to be
                        determined in agreement with the administrative department.
           9.3.4.       Analyze the results of each type of test to verify and ensure consistency of the product
                        characteristics, allowing for the permissible variations in industrial production.
           9.3.5.       Ensure that, for each type of product, at least the tests prescribed in Annex III-K are carried
                       out.
           9.3.6.      Ensure that where any samples or test pieces show non-conformity with the type of test
                       concerned, further samples are taken and tested.
                       All necessary steps shall be taken to re-establish conformity in the production concerned.
           9.4.        The competent authority may at any time verify the methods for checking conformity applicable
                       to each production unit (Annex III-K, point 1.3).
           9.4.1.      At every inspection, the test data and production records shall be presented to the inspector.
           9.4.2.      The inspector may take samples at random to be tested in the manufacturer's laboratory. The
                       minimum number of samples may be determined in the light of the results of the manufacturer's
                       own checks.
           9.4.3.      Where the quality standard appears unsatisfactory or where it appears necessary to verify the
                       validity of the tests carried out under point 2.4.2, the inspector may select samples to be sent to
                       the technical service which conducted the type-approval test.
           9.4.4.      The competent authority may carry out any test prescribed in this Directive.
           9.4.5.      The normal frequency of inspection shall be two per year for each production unit. If unsatisfac-
                       tory results are found during any of these inspections, this frequency may be increased by the
                       competent authority.
          10.         PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
          10.1.       The approval granted in respect of a type of safety-glass pane pursuant to this Directive may be
                      withdrawn if the requirement laid down in point 9.1 is not complied with.
          10.2.       If a Member State withdraws a type-approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith notify
                      the other Member States thereof by means of a copy of the type-approval form bearing at the
                      end, in large letters, the signed and dated annotation 'Type-approval withdrawn'.
          11.         NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF THE TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CON-
                      DUCTING TYPE-APPROVAL TESTS AND OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENTS
                      GRANTING TYPE-APPROVAL
                      Each Member State shall communicate to the other Member States and the Commission the
                      names and addresses of the technical services responsible for concluding type-approval tests and
                      of the administrative departments granting EEC type-approval, to which the forms notifying
                      type-approval or refusal or withdrawal of type-approval issued in the other Member States are
                      to be sent.
          (') Fragmentation test results shall be recorded even if no photographic print is required.
 ---pagebreak---  No C 218/30                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                     17. 8. 87
                                                               Appendix
                                                   EEC TYPE-APPROVAL MARK
           1.   The EEC type-approval mark is composed of:
           1.1. A rectangle containing a small letter 'e' followed by the distinguishing number or letters of the Member
                State which granted EEC type-approval:
                 1      for the Federal Republic of Germany
                 2      for France
                 3      for Italy
                 4      for the Netherlands
                 6      for Belgium
                 9      for Spain
                11      for the United Kingdom
                13      for Luxembourg
                18      for Denmark
                21      for Portugal
                IRL     for Ireland
                EL      for Greece
           1.2. A small letter V followed by a number and a small letter 'p', in the case of windscreen glass, in
                accordance with Annex III-A, point 3.6.
           1.3. A two-figure number indicating the last two figures of the year of publication of the Directive or its
                adaptation to technical progress.
           1.4. An EEC type-approval number corresponding to the number of the EEC type-approval form.
                                                 Specimen EEC type-approval mark
JL        I                                            I
          \$—a^2*m                                  &\
           Key: The glass bearing the foregoing EEC type-approval mark is laminated glass not for use in windscreens
                  (S2), type-approved after the 1987 edition of the Directive (87), in Italy (e3), under number 431.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/31
                                                           ANNEX     Ill-B
                                                                                         Name of administration
           COMMUNICATION CONCERNING THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL/THE REFUSAL OF EEC TYPE-
           APPROVAL/THE EXTENSION OF EEC TYPE-APPROVAL/THE WITHDRAWAL OF EEC TYPE-
            APPROVAL/THE DISCONTINUATION OF PRODUCTION (') OF A TYPE OF SAFETY-GLASS PANE
           EEC type-approval N o :                                    Extension N o :
             1. Category of safety glass:
             2. Description of pane (see Appendices 1, 2, 3, and 4 and, in the case of windscreens, the list in conformity
                 with Appendix 5:
             3. Trade name or mark:
             4. Name and address of manufacturer:
             5. Name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative (if any):
             6. Date of submission for EEC-approval:
             7. Technical service conducting the type-approval tests:
             8. Date of report issued by that service:
             9. Number of report issued by that service:
           10. Remarks:
           11. Ground(s) for extending type approval:
           12. Type approval granted/refused/extended/withdrawn (')
           13. Place:
           14. Date:
           15. Signature:
           16. A list is attached of the documents obtainable on request, comprising the type-approval file lodged with
                the administrative department granting type-approval.
          (') Delete where inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/32                           Official Journal of the European Communities                        17. 8. 87
                                                             Appendix 1
                                          UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED GLASS PANES
                         (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex Ul-D or ill-F)
          EEC type-approval No:                                     '  Extension N o :
          1.   Principal characteristics
          1.1. Other than windscreens (yes/no):
          1.2. Shape category:
          1.3. Nature of toughening process:
          1.4. Thickness category:
          1.5. Nature and type of plastics coating(s):
          2.   Secondary characteristics
          2.1. Nature of material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass):
          2.2. Colouring of glass:
          2.3. Colouring of plastics coating(s):
          2.4. Conductors incorporated (yes/no):
          2.5. Obscuration bands incorporated (yes/no):
          3.   Criteria type-approved
          3.1. Maximum area (flat glass):
          3.2. Smallest angle:
          3.3. Maximum developed area (curved glass):
          3.4. Maximum height of segment:
          4.   Remarks
          Documents     attached:
          — List of windscreens (where applicable).
          — See Appendix 5.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                          No C 218/33
                                                             Appendix 2
                                                   LAMINATED-GLASS PANES
                          (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex Ill-E or III-F)
           EEC type-approval N o :                                      Extension N o :
           1.   Principal characteristics
           1.1. Number of layers of glass:
           1.2. Number of interlayers:
           1.3. Thickness category:
           1.4. Nominal thickness of interlayer(s):
           1.5. Special treatment of glass:
           1.6. Nature and type of interlayer(s):
           1.7. Nature and type of plastics coating(s):
           1.8. Thickness of plastics coating(s):
          2.    Secondary characteristics
          2.1. Nature of material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass):
          2.2. Colouring of interlayer(s) (total/partial):
          2.3. Colouring of glass:
          2.4. Colouring of plastics coating(s):
          2.5. Conductors incorporated (yes/no):
          2.6. Obscuration bands incorporates (yes/no):
          3.    Remarks
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/34                           Official Journal of the European Communities                   17. 8. 87
                                                              Appendix 3
                                                     GLASS-PLASTICS PANES
                            (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex lll-G)
          EEC type-approval N o :                                      Extension N o :
          1.   Principal characteristics
          1.1. Number of layers of glass:
          1.2. Number of layers of plastics:
          1.3. Thickness of glass element:
          1.4. Treatment of glass element (yes/no):
          1.5. Nominal thickness of pane:
          1.6. Nominal thickness of plastics layer(s) acting as interlayer(s) :
          1.7. Nature and type of plastics layer(s) acting as interlayer(s):
          1.8. Nature and type of outer plastics layer:
          2.   Secondary characteristics
          2.1. Nature of material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass):
          2.2. Colouring of glass (colourless/tinted)
          2.3. Colouring of plastics layer(s) (total/partial):
          2.4. Conductors incorporated (yes/no):
          2.5. Obscuration bands incorporated (yes/no):
          3.   Remarks
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                 No C 218/35
                                                            Appendix 4
                                                     DOUBLE-GLAZED UNITS
                              (Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex Ul-H)
           EEC type-approval N o :                                     Extension N o :
           1.    Principal characteristics
           1.1. Composition of double-glazed units (symmetrical/asymmetrical):
           1.2. Nominal thickness of gap:
           1.3. Method of assembly:
           1.4. Type of each pane in accordance with Annex III-D, III-E, IH-F or III-G:
          2.    Documents attached
          2.1. A form for each pane in an assy metrical double-glazed unit in accordance with the Annexes under which
                they were tested or type-approved:
          2.2. A form for both panes of a symmetrical double-glazed unit in accordance with the Annex under which
                they were type-approved:
          3.    Remarks
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/36                             Official Journal of the European Communities                            17. 8. 87
                                                              Appendix 5
                                        CONTENTS OF THE LIST OF WINDSCREENS (')
         For each of the windscreens covered by this type-approval, at least the following information shall be
                                                               supplied:
          1. Tractor manufacturer:
         2. Tractor type:
         3. Developed area (F):
         4. Height of segment (S):
         5. Minimum radius of curvature (r):
         6. Windscreen rake angle (d):
         7. Seat back-rest rake angle (11):
                                                 DESCRIPTION OF COORDINATES
                                                         F, r, S of windscreen
                                                                   r
                                                              \ i
                                                       Radius of curvature
                                                  Height of segment S
                                            c_i
                                                     Coordinates of point r with
                                                        respect to windscreen
           (') This list shall be attached to Appendices 1, 2 (where applicable), 3, and 4 of Annex III-B.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/37
                                                                 ANNEX      ///-€
                                                      GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS
               1.          FRAGMENTATION
               1.1.       The pane of glass to be tested shall not be rigidly secured; it may however be fastened on an
                          identical glass pane by means of adhesive tape applied all round the edge.
               1.2.       To obtain fragmentation, a hammer of about 75 g or some other appliance giving equivalent results
                          shall be used. The radius of curvature of the point shall be 0,2 ± 0,05 mm.
               1.3.       One test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of impact.
               1.4.       An examination shall be made of the fragments on photographic contact paper, exposure commenc-
                          ing not more than 10 seconds and terminating not more than three minutes after impact. Only the
                          darkest lines, representing the initial fracture, shall be taken into consideration. The laboratory
                          shall keep photographic reproductions of the fragmentation obtained.
               2.        BALL-IMPACT TESTS
              2.1.       227 g ball test
              2.1.1.       Apparatus
              2.1.1.1.   Hardened-steel ball with a mass of 227 ± 2 g and a diameter of approximately 38 mm.
              2.1.1.2.   Means for dropping the ball freely from a height to be specified, or a means for giving the ball a
                         velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. When a device to project the ball is used, the
                         tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of the velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall.
              2.1.1.3.   Supporting fixture, such as that shown in figure 1 and identical with that shown in point 2.1.1.3.
                         The lower frame rests on a steel box about 150 mm high. The test piece is held in place by the
                         upper frame, the mass of which is about 3 kg. The supporting frame is welded on to a sheet of
                         steel about 12 mm thick resting on the floor with an interposed sheet of rubber about 3 mm thick
                         and of hardness 50 IRHD.
                                                           Dimensions in millimetres
                                                                         11290
                                                                         a 260
                                                                                                                            i
                    Test piece                                                                                 YA
                                                                                                               tt,
                                                                                                                   /
                                                                                                                   /           a
                                                                                                                   /           in
                                                                                                                   /            11
                                                                                                                   /
                                                                                                                   /
                                  .    \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ i
       Sheet of rubber
                                                                        Q 350 mm.
                                                                   Figure I
                                                            Support for ball tests
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/38                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        17. 8. 87
          2.1.2.       Test conditions
          2.1.2.1.    Temperature: 20 ± 5° C.
          2.1.2.2.    Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar.
          2.1.2.3.    Relative humidity: 60 ± 2 0 % .
          2.1.3.       Test piece
          2.1.3.1.    The test piece shall be a flat square whose sides measure 300 ± 10/0 mm.
          2.1.4.       Procedure
          2.1.4.1.    Condition the test piece at the specified temperature for at least four hours immediately preceding
                      the test. Place the test piece in the fixture (point 2.1.1.3). The plane of the test piece shall be
                      perpendicular, within 3°, to the incident direction of the ball. The point of impact shall be within
                      25 mm of the geometric centre of the test piece for a drop height less than or equal to 6 mm, and
                      within 50 mm of the centre of the test piece for a drop height greater than 6 mm. The ball shall
                      strike that face of the test piece which represents the outside face of the safety-glass pane when
                      mounted on the tractor. The ball shall be allowed to make only one impact.
          3.          HEADFORM TEST
          3.1.        Apparatus
          3.1.1.      Headform weight with a spherical or semi-spherical headform made of laminated hardwood
                      covered with replaceable felt and with or without a cross-beam made of wood. There is a neck-
                      shaped intermediate piece between the spherical part and the cross-beam and a mounting rod on
                      the other side of the cross-beam.
                      The dimensions shall be in accordance with figure 2.
                      The total mass of the apparatus shall be 10 ± 0,2 kg.
                                                        Dimensions in millimetres
                                               Mounting
                                               rod
               Cross-beam
               (optional)
       Intermediate piece
                        Head
                 Felt cover
                 5 mm thick
                                                                Figure 2
                                                           Headform weight
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                     No C 218/39
            3.1.2.   Means for dropping the headform weight freely from a height to be specified, or means for giving
                     the weight a velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall.
                     When a device to project the headform weight is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of
                     the velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall.
           3.1.3.    Supporting fixture, as shown in figure 3, for testing flat test pieces. The fixture is composed of
                     two steel frames, with machined borders 50 mm wide, fitting one over the other and faced with
                     rubber gaskets about 3 mm thick and 15 ± 1 mm wide and a hardness 70 IRHD. The upper frame
                     is held pressed against the lower frame by at least eight bolts.
           3.2.      Test conditions
           3.2.1.    Temperature: 20 ± 5° C.
           3.2.2.   Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar.
           3.2.3.   Relative humidity: 60 ± 2 0 % .
                                                    Dimensions in millimetres
                                                             Figure 3
                                                   Support for headform tests
          3.3.     Procedure
          3.3.1.   Test on a flat test piece
                   The flat test piece, having a length of 1 100 + 5 / —2 mm and a width of 500 + 5 mm/ —2 mm,
                   shall be kept at a constant temperature of 20 ± 5° C for at least four hours immediately preceding
                   the test. Fix the test piece in the supporting frames (point 3.1.3); the torque on the bolts shall
                   ensure that the movement of the test piece during the test will not exceed 2 mm. The plane of the
                   test piece shall be substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the weight. The weight
                   shall strike the test piece within 40 mm of its geometric centre on that face which represents the
                   inward face of the safety-glass pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle, and shall be allowed
                   to make only one impact.
                   The impact surface of the felt cover shall be replaced after 12 tests.
          (') The minimum recommended torque for M 20 is 30 Nm.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/40                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                        17. 8. 87
          3.3.2.     Tests on a complete windscreen (used only for a drop height of less than or equal to 1,5 m).
                     Place the windscreen freely on a support with an interposed strip of rubber of hardness 70 IRHD
                     and thickness about 3 mm, the width of contact over the whole perimeter being about 15 mm.
                     The support shall consist of a rigid piece corresponding to the shape of the windscreen so that the
                     headform weight strikes the internal surface.
                     The support shall rest on a rigid stand with an interposed sheet of rubber of hardness 70 IRHD
                     and thickness about 3 mm. The surface of the windscreen shall be substantially perpendicular to
                     the incident direction of the headform weight.
                     The headform weight shall strike the windscreen at a point within 40 mm of its geometric centre
                     on that face which represents the inward face of the safety-glass pane when the latter is mounted
                     on the vehicle, and shall be allowed to make only one impact.
                     The impact surface of the felt cover shall be replaced after 12 tests.
          4.         ABRASION TEST
          4.1.       Apparatus
          4.1.1.     Abrading instrument (l), shown diagrammatically in figure 4 and consisting of:
                     — a horizontal turntable, with centre clamp, which revolves counter-clockwise at 65 to 75 r/min,
                         and
                                                              Figure 4
                                                  Diagram of abrading instrument
                     — two weighted parallel arms each carrying a special abrasive wheel freely relating on a ball-
                         bearing horizontal spindle; each wheel rests on the test specimen under the pressure exerted by
                         a mass of 500 g.
                     The turntable of the abrading instrument shall rotate regularly, substantially in one plane (the
                     deviation from this plane shall not be greater than ± 0,05 mm at a distance of 1,6 mm from
                     turntable periphery). The wheels shall be mounted in such a way that when they are in contact
                     with the rotating test piece they rotate in opposite directions so as to exert, twice during each
                     rotation of the test piece, a compressive and abrasive action along curved lines over an annular
                     area of about 30 cm 2 .
          (') A suitable abrading instrument is supplied by Teledyne Taber (United States of America).
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 218/41
          4.1.2.      Abrasive wheels (*), each 45 to 50 mm in diameter and 12,5 mm thick, composed of a special finely
                      screened abrasive embedded in a medium-hard rubber. The wheels shall have a hardness of 72 ±
                     5 IRHD, as measured at four points equally spaced on the centreline of the abrading surface, the
                      pressure being applied vertically along a diameter of the wheel and the readings being taken
                      10 seconds after full application of the pressure.
                      The abrasive wheels shall be prepared for use by very slow rotation against a sheet of flat glass to
                     ensure that their surface is completely even.
          4.1.3.     Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp with its filament contained within a parallelepiped
                      measuring 1,5 x 1,5 x 3 mm. The voltage shall be stabilized within ± 1/1 000. The instrument
                      used to check the voltage shall be of appropriate accuracy.
          4.1.4.     Optical system consisting of a lens with a focal length f of at least 500 mm and corrected for
                     chromatic aberrations. The full aperture of the lens shall not exceed f/20. The distance between
                     the lens and the light source shall be adjusted in order to obtain a light beam which is substantially
                     parallel. A diaphragm shall be inserted to limit the diameter of the light beam to 7 ± 1 mm.
                     This diaphragm shall be situated at a distance of 100 ± 50 mm from the lens on the side remote
                     from the light source.
          4.1.5.     Equipment for measuring scattered light (figure 5), consisting of a photoelectric cell with an
                     integrating sphere 200 to 250 mm in diameter. The sphere shall be equipped with entrance and
                     exit ports for the light. The entrance port shall be circular and have a diameter at least twice that
                     of the light beam. The exit port of the sphere shall be provided with either a light trap or a
                     reflectance standard, according to the procedure as described in point 4.4.3. The light trap shall
                     absorb all the light when no test piece is inserted in the light beam.
                     The axis of the light beam shall pass through the centre of the entrance and exit ports. The
                     diameter b of the light-exit port shall be equal to 2 a.tan 4°, where a is the diameter of the sphere.
                     The photoelectric cell shall be mounted in such a way that it cannot be reached by light coming
                     directly from the entrance port on from the reflectance standard.
                     The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere and the reflectance standard shall be of
                     substantially equal reflectance and shall be matt and non-selective. The output of the photoelectric
                     cell shall be linear within ± 2 % over the range of luminous intensities used. The design of the
                     instrument shall be such that there is no galvanometer deflection when the sphere is dark.
                     The whole apparatus shall be checked at regular intervals by means of calibration standards of
                     defined haze. If haze measurements are made using equipment or methods differing from those
                     defined above, the results shall be corrected, if necessary, to bring them into agreement with those
                     obtained by the apparatus described above.
                                                               Figure 5
                                                              Hazameter
          (') Suitable abrasive wheels may be obtained from Teledyne Taber (United States of America).
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/42                        Official Journal of the European Communities                                           17. 8. 87
         4.2.    Test conditions
         4.2.1.  Temperature: 20 ± 5° C.
         4.2.2.  Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar.
         4.2.3.  Relative humidity. 60 ± 20%.
         4.3.    Test pieces
                 The test pieces shall be flat squares whose sides measure 100 mm having both surfaces substantially
                 plane and parallel and having a fixing hole 6,4 + 0 , 2 / - 0 mm in diameter drilled in the centre.
         4.4.   Procedure
                The abrasion test shall be carried out on that surface of the test piece which represents the outside
                face of the safety-glass pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle and also on the inward face
                in the case of a glass pane with a plastics coating.
         4.4.1. Immediately before and after the abrasion, clean the test pieces in the following manner:
                (a) wipe with a linen cloth under clean running water;
                (b) rinse with distilled or demineralized water;
                (c) blow dry with oxygen or nitrogen;
                (d) remove possible traces of water by dabbing softly with a damp linen cloth. If necessary, dry by
                    pressing lightly between two linen cloths.
                Any treatment with ultrasonic equipments shall be avoided. After cleaning, the test pieces shall be
                handled only by their edges and shall be stored to prevent damage to, or contamination of, their
                surfaces.
         4.4.2. Condition the test pieces for a minimum time of 48 hours at 20 ± 5° C and 60 ± 20% relative
                humidity.
         4.4.3. Immediately place the test piece against the entrance port of the integrating sphere. The angle
                between the normal (perpendicular) to the surface of the test piece and the axis of the beam shall
                not exceed 8°.
                Take four readings as indicated in the following table:
                                    With                        With
                                                    With                                      Quantity
                    Reading          test                    reflectance
                                                 light-trap                                  represented
                                                              standard
                      T
                        .            No             No           Yes         Incident light
                      T
                        2           Yes             No           Yes         Total light transmitted by test piece
                      T
                        3            No             Yes          No          Light scattered by instrument
                      T4            Yes             Yes          No          Light scattered by instrument and test piece
                Repeat readings for T,, T 2 , T3 and T 4 with other specified positions of the test piece to determine
                uniformity.
                Calculate the total transmittance T f = T 2 /T,.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/43
                    Calculate the diffuse transmittance T d as follows:
                                       T4 - T3 ( T / T , )
                    Calculate the percentage haze, or light, or both, scattered, as follows:
                               — = 100%
                    Measure the initial haze of the test piece at a minimum of four equally spaced points in the
                    unabraded area in accordance with the formula above. Average the results for each test piece. In
                    lieu of the four measurements, an average value may be obtained by rotating the piece unformly
                    at 3 r/sec or more.
                    For each safety-glass pane, carry out three tests with the same kind. Use the haze as a measure of
                    the subsurface abrasion, after the test piece has been subjected to the abrasion test.
                    Measure the light scattered by the abraded track at a minimum of four equally spaced points along
                    the track in accordance with the formula above. Average the results for each test piece. In lieu of
                    the four measurements, an average value may be obtained by rotating the piece uniformly at
                   3 r/sec or more.
          4.5.     The abrasion test will be carried out only at the discretion of the laboratory conducting the test
                    with due regard to the information already at its disposal, e.g. changes in the interlayer or material
                   thickness will not normally necessitate further testing.
          4.6.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                   No secondary characteristics are involved.
          5.       HIGH TEMPERATURE
          5.1.     Procedure
                   Heat three test specimens or three test pieces of at least 300 x 300 mm taken by the laboratory
                   from three windscreens or panes, as appropriate, one of whose dimensions corresponds to the
                   upper edge of the pane, to 100° C.
                   Maintain this temperature for a period of two hours, then allow the test specimen or specimens to
                   cool to room temperature. If the safety-glass pane has both external surfaces of inorganic material,
                   the test may be carried out by immersing the test specimen vertically in boiling water for the
                   specified period of time, care being taken to avoid undue thermal shock. If specimens are cut from
                   windscreens, one edge of each such test specimen shall be part of an edge of the windscreen.
          5.2.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                   Colouring of the interlayer:
                   — colourless: 1,
                   — tinted: 2.
                   No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          5.3.     Interpretation of results
          5.3.1.   The test for resistance to high temperature shall be considered to give a positive result if bubbles
                   or other defects are not formed more than 15 mm from an uncut edge or 25 mm from a cut edge
                   of the test piece or sample or more than 10 mm away of any cracks which may occur during the
                   test.
          5.3.2.   A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the
                   point of view of the high-temperature test if either of the following conditions is fulfilled:
          5.3.2.1. All the tests give a satisfactory result.
          5.3.2.2. One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                   test pieces or samples gives satisfactory results.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/44                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                          17. 8. 87
          6.        RESISTANCE T O RADIATION TEST
          6.1.      Test method
          6.1.1.     Apparatus
          6.1.1.1.  Radiation source consisting of a medium pressure mercury-vapour arc lamp with a tubular quartz
                    bulb of ozone-free type; the bulb axis shall be vertical. The nominal dimensions of the lamp shall
                    be 360 mm in length by 9,5 mm in diameter. The arc length shall be 300 ± 4 mm. The lamp shall
                    be operated at 750 ± 50 W.
                    Any other source of radiation which produces the same effects as the lamp specified above may be
                    used. To check that the effects of another source are the same, a comparison shall be made by
                    measuring the amount of energy emitted within a wavelength range of 300 to 450 mm, all other
                    wavelengths being removed by the use of suitable filters. The alternative source shall then be used
                   with these filters.
                    In the case of safety-glass panes for which there is no satisfactory correlation between this test and
                   the conditions of use it will be necessary to review the test conditions.
          6.1.1.2. Power-supply transformer and capacitor capable of supplying to the lamp (point 6.1.1.1) a starting
                   peak-voltage of 1 100 V minimum and an operating voltage of 500 ± 50 V.
          6.1.1.3. Device for mounting and rotating the test specimens at 1 to 5 r/min about the centrally located
                   radiation source in order to ensure even exposure.
          6.1.2.   Test specimens
          6.1.2.1. The size of the test specimens shall be 76 x 300 mm.
          6.1.2.2. The test specimens shall be cut by the laboratory from the upper part of the panes in such a way
                   that:
                   — in the case of glazing other than windscreen, the upper edge of the test specimens coincides
                        with the upper edge of the panes,
                   — in the case of windscreens, the upper edge of the test specimens coincides with the upper limit
                        of the zone in which regular transmittance is to be checked and determined in accordance with
                        point 9.1.2.2 of this Annex.
          6.1.3.    Procedure
                   Check the regular light transmittance, determined according to points 9.1.1 to 9.1.2 of this Annex,
                   of three test specimens before exposure. Protect a portion of each test specimen from the radiation,
                   and then place the test specimen in the test apparatus 230 mm from and parallel lengthwise to the
                   lamp axis. Maintain the temperature of the test specimens at 45 ± 5° C throughout the test. That
                   face of each test specimen which would constitute a grazed exterior part of the tractor shall face
                   the lamp. For the type of lamp specified in point 6.1.1.1, the exposure time shall be 100 hours.
                   After exposure, measure the light transmittance again in the exposed area of each test specimen.
          6.1.4.   Each test piece or sample (total number five pieces) shall be sujected, in accordance with the
                   procedure above, to radiation such that the radiation on each point of the test piece or sample
                   produces on the interlayer used the same effect as that which would be produced by solar radiation
                   of 1 400 W/m 2 for 100 hours.
          6.2.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                   Colouring of the glass:
                   — colourless: 2,
                   — tinted: 1.
                   Colouring of the interlayer:
                   — colourless: 1,
                   — tinted: 2.
                   No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          6.3.     Interpretation of results
          6.3.1.   The test for resistance to radiation shall be deemed to have given a positive result if the following
                   conditions are fulfilled:
          6.3.1.1. The total light transmittance measured in accordance with points 9.1.1 to 9.1.2 of this Annex does
                   not fall below 95 % of the original value before irradiation and, in any case, does not fall below:
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/45
          6.3.1.1.1. 70% in the case of glazing other than windscreens which must meet the requirements concerning
                      the driver's field of vision in all directions.
          6.3.1.1.2. 7 5 % in the case of windscreens, within the zone in which regular transmittance is to be checked,
                      as defined in point 9.1.2.2.
          6.3.1.2.    The test piece or sample may however show a slight coloration after irradiation when examined
                      against a white background, but no other defect may be apparent.
          6.3.2.      A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the
                      point of view of stability if one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
          6.3.2.1.    All tests give a satisfactory result.
          6.3.2.2.    One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                      test pieces or samples gives satisfactory results.
          7.          RESISTANCE-TO-HUMIDITY TEST
          7.1.        Procedure
                      Keep one or more test specimens of at least 300 x 300 mm vertically for two weeks in a closed
                      container in which the temperature is maintained at 50 ± 2° C and the relative humidity at 95 ±
                      4%.
                      Note: These test conditions exclude any condensation on the test specimens.
                      Test specimens shall be prepared in such a way that one edge of each such test specimen shall be
                      part of an original edge of the windscreen.
                      Should several test specimens be tested at the same time, adequate spacing shall be provided
                      between them.
                      Precautions shall be taken to prevent condensate from the walls or ceiling of the test chamber from
                      falling on the test specimens.
          7.2.        Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                      Colouring of interlayer:
                     — colourless: 1,
                     — tinted: 2.
                     No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          7.3.       Interpretation of results
          7.3.1.     Safety glazing shall be deemed to be satisfactory from the point of view of resistance to humidity
                     if no significant change is observed more than 10 mm from the uncut edges or more than 15 mm
                     away from the cut edges, following a stay of two hours in the ambiant atmosphere by ordinary
                     and treated laminated glass, and of 48 hours in the ambient atmosphere by plastic-coated glass
                     and plastic glazing.
          7.3.2.     A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the
                     point of view of resistance to humidity if one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
          7.3.2.1.   All the tests give a satisfactory result.
          7.3.2.2.   One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                     samples gives satisfactory results.
          i.         BURNING BEHAVIOUR (FIRE-RESISTANCE) TEST
          i.l.       Purpose and scope of application
                     This method enables the horizontal burning rate of materials used in the occupant compartment
                     of tractors after exposure to a small flame to be determined. This method permits testing of
                     materials and components of a tractor's interior equipment individually or in combination up to a
                     thickness of 15 mm. It is used to judge the uniformity of production lots of such materials with
                     respect to their burning behaviour. Because of the many differences between the real-world situation
                     (application and orientation within a tractor; conditions of use; ignition source; etc.) and the precise
                     test conditions prescribed herein, this method cannot be considered as suitable for evaluation of
                     all true in-tractor burning characteristics.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/46                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                           17. 8. 87
          8.2.   Definitions
          8.2.1. Burning rate: the quotient of the burnt distance measured according to this method and the time
                 taken to burn that distance. It is expressed in millimetres per minute.
          8.2.2. Composite material: a material composed of several layers of similar or different materials
                 intimately held together at their surface by cementing, bonding, cladding, welding, etc.
                 When different materials are connected together intermittently (for example, by sewing, high-
                 frequency welding, reveting), then, in order to permit the preparation of individual samples in
                 accordance with point 8.5, such materials shall not be considered as composite materials.
          8.2.3. Exposed side: the side which is facing towards the occupant comportment (passenger compartment)
                 when the material is mounted in the tractor.
          8.3.   Principle
                 A sample is held horizontally in a U-shaped holder and is exposed to the action of a defined low-
                 energy flame for 15 seconds in combustion chamber, the flame acting on the free end of the sample.
                 The test determines whether and when the flame is extinguished or the time which the flame
                 requires to proceed over a measured distance.
          8.4.   Apparatus
          8.4.1. Combustion chamber (figure 6), preferably of stainless steel, having the dimensions given in figure 7.
                 The front of the chamber contains a flame-resistant observation window, which may cover the
                 entire front and which can be constructed as an access panel.
                 The bottom of the chamber has vent holes, and the top has a vent slot all around.
                 The combustion chamber is placed on four feet, 10 mm high. The chamber may have a hole at
                 one end for the introduction of the sample holder containing the sample; in the opposite end, a
                 hole is provided for the gas-supply line. Melted material is caught in a pan (figure 8) which is
                 placed on the bottom of the chamber between vent holes without covering any vent-hole area.
                                                           Figure 6
                             Example of combustion chamber with sample holder and drip pan
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87    Official Journal of the European Communities                       No C 218/47
          Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                                 385
                                     Figure 7
                        Example of combustion chamber
          Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                      336                                            16
                                                                         -»   ,
                                                                            I
                                                                       1    i
                                    Figure 8
                                Typical drip pan
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/48                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                      17. 8. 87
          8.4.2.  Sample holder, consisting of two U-shaped metal plates or frames of corrosion-proof material.
                  Dimensions are given in figure 9.
                  The lower plate is equipped with pins and the upper one with corresponding holes, in order to
                  ensure a consistent holding of the sample.
                  The pins also serve as measuring points at the beginning and end of the burning distance.
                  A support shall be provided in the form of heat-resistant wires 0,25 mm in diameter spanning the
                  frame at 25 mm intervals over the bottom U-shaped frame (figure 10).
                              Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                                                                                   Cover
                                                                                                                   plate
                                                                                                          5x45"
                                                                      04
                                                                            = |       z>
                                                J2£L
                                                                                               Sample
            _.
      c
      o
                 i—r
                                    127 ±0.2
                                                25*to z
                                                G56)
                                                     361
                                                         Figure 9
                                                 Example of sample holder
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/49
                               Dimensions in millimetres — tolerances according to ISO 2768
                                                             Figure 10
                            Example of section of lower U-frame design for wire support facility
                 The plane of the lower side of samples shall be 178 mm above the floor plate. The distance of the
                 front edge of the sample holder from the end of the chamber shall be 22 mm; the distance of the
                 longitudinal sides of the sample holder from the sides of the chamber shall be 50 mm (all inside
                 dimensions) (figures 6 and 7).
          8.4.3. Gas burner. The small ignition source is provided by a Bunsen burner having an inside diameter
                 of 9,5 mm. It is so located in the test cabinet that the centre of its nozzle is 19 mm below the centre
                 of the bottom edge of the open end of the sample (figure 7).
          8.4.4. Test gas. The gas supplied to the burner shall have a calorific value of about 38 MJ/nr 3 (for
                 example natural gas).
          8.4.5. Metal comb, at least 110 mm in length, with seven or eight smooth rounded teeth per 25 mm.
          8.4.6. Stop-watch, accurate to 0,5 second.
          8.4.7. Fume cupboard. The combustion chamber may be placed in a fume-cupboard assembly provided
                 that the latter's internal volume is at least 20 times, but not more than 110 times, greater than the
                 volume of the combustion chamber and provided that no single height, width, or length dimension
                 of the fume cupboard is greater than 2,5 times either of the other two dimensions.
                 Before the test, the vertical velocity of the air through the fume cupboard shall be measured 100 mm
                 forward of and to the rear of the ultimate site of the combustion chamber. It shall be between 0,10
                 and 0,30 m/sec in order to avoid possible discomfort to the operator from combustion products. It
                 is possible to use a fume cupboard with natural ventilation and an appropriate air velocity.
          8.5.   Samples
          8.5.1. Shape and dimensions
                 The shape and dimensions of samples are given in figure 11. The thickness of the sample corresponds
                 to the thickness of the product to be tested. It shall not be more than 13 mm. When sample-taking
                 so permits, the sample shall have a constant section over its entire length. When the shape and
                 dimensions of a product do not permite taking a sample of the given size, the following minimum
                 dimensions shall be observed:
                 (a) For samples having a width of 3 to 60 mm, the length shall be 356 mm. In this case the material
                     is tested over the product's width.
 ---pagebreak--- No G 218/50                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                          17. 8. 87
                  (b) For samples having a width of 60 to 100 mm, the length shall be at least 138 mm. In this case
                       the potential burning distance corresponds to the length of the sample, the measurement starting
                       at the first measuring point.
                  (c) Samples less than 60 mm wide and less than 356 mm long, and samples 60 to 100 mm wide
                       and less than 138 mm long, cannot be tested according to the present methode, nor can samples
                       less than 3 mm wide.
          $.5.2.   Sampling
                  At least five samples shall be taken from the material under test. In materials having burning rates
                  differing according to the direction of the material (this being established by preliminary tests) the
                  five (or more) samples shall be taken and be placed in the test apparatus in such a way that the
                  highest burning rate will be measured. When the material is supplied in set widths, a length of at
                  least 500 mm covering the entire width shall be cut. From the piece so cut, the samples shall be
                  taken at not less than 100 mm from the edge of the material and at points equidistant from each
                  other.
                  Samples shall be taken in the same way from finished products when the shape of the product so
                  permits. If the thickness of the product is over 13 mm it shall be reduced to 13 mm by a mechanical
                  process applied to the side which does not face the passenger compartment.
                  Composite materials (point 8.2.2) shall be tested as if they were homogeneous.
                  In the case of materials comprising super-imposed layers of different composition which are not
                  composite materials, all the layers of material included within a depth of 13 mm from the surface
                  facing towards the passenger compartment shall be tested individually.
                                                     Dimensions in millimetres
                                    38                     254
                                                127
                                                                                 _ A _
                                                           i$r
                      o
                                      4-                   -4-                    -o •--
                                                              356
                                                            Figure 11
                                                              Sample
           8.5.3.    Conditioning
                   The samples shall be conditioned for at least 24 hours, but not more than seven days, at a
                    temperature of 25 ± 2° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5 % , and shall be maintained under
                   these conditions until immediately prior to testing.
           8.6.     Procedure
           8.6.1.   Place samples with napped or tufted surfaces on a flat surface, and comb twice against the nap
                    using the comb (point 8.4.5).
           8.6.2.  So place the sample in the sample holder (point 8.4.2) that the exposed side faces downwards,
                    towards the flame.
           8.6.3.   Adjust the gas flame to a height of 30 mm using the mark in the chamber, the air intake of the
                    burner being closed. The flame shall burn for at least one minute, for stabilization, before the first
                    test is started.
           8.6.4.   Push the sample-holder into the combustion chamber so that the end of the sample is exposed to
                    the flame, and after 15 seconds cut off the glas flow.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/51
          8.6.5.    Measurement of burning time starts at the moment when the foot of the flame passes the first
                    measuring point. Observe the flame propagation on the side (upper or lower) which burns faster.
          8.6.6.    Measurement of burning time is completed when the flame has come to the last measuring point
                    or when the flame is extinguished before reaching that point. If the flame does not reach the last
                    measuring point, measure the burnt distance up to the point where the flame was extinguished.
                    Burnt distance is the part of the sample destroyed, on the surface or inside, by burning.
          8.6.7.    If the sample does not ignite or does not continue burning after the burner has been extinguished,
                    or the flame goes out before reaching the first measuring point, so that no burning time is measured,
                    note in the test report that the burning is 0 mm/min.
          8.6.8.    When running a series of tests on performing repeat tests, make sure before starting a test that the
                    temperature of the combustion chamber and sample holder does not exceed 30° C.
          8.7.      Calculation
                    The burning rate B, in millimetres per minute, is given by the formula:
                                                                  s
                                                             B = - x 60
                                                                  t
                    where:
                    s is the burnt distance, in millimetres;
                   t is the time, in seconds, taken to burn the distance s.
          8.8.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                   No secondary characteristics are involved.
          8.9.     Interpretation of results
                   Plastics coated and plastic safety glazing (point 1.3) shall be considered satisfactory from the point
                   of view of burning behaviour (fire resistance) if the burn rate does not exceed 250 mm/minute.
          9.       OPTICAL QUALITIES
          9.1.     Light-transmission test
          9.1.1.     Apparatus
          9.1.1.1. Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp having its filament contained within a parallelepiped
                   measuring 1,5 x 1,5 x 3 mm. The voltage at the lamp filament shall be such that the colour
                   temperature is 2 856 ± 50 K. This voltage shall be stabilized within ± 1/1 000. The instrument
                   used to check the voltage shall be of appropriate accuracy.
          9.1.1.2. Optical system consisting of a lens with a focal length of at least 500 mm and corrected for
                   chromatic aberrations. The full aperture of the lens shall not exceed f/20. The distance between
                   the lens and the light source shall be so adjusted as to obtain a light beam which is substantially
                   parallel. A diaphragm shall be inserted to limit the diameter of the light beam to 7 ± 1 mm. This
                   diaphragm shall be situated at a distance of 100 ± 50 mm from the lens on the side remote from
                   the light source. The point of measurement shall be taken at the centre of the light beam.
          9.1.1.3. Measuring equipment. The receiver shall have a relative spectral sensitivity in substantial agreement
                   with the relative spectral luminous efficiency for the ICI f1) standard photometric observer for
                   photopic vision. The sensitive surface of the receiver shall be covered with a diffusing medium and
                   shall have at least twice the cross-section of the light beam emitted by the optical system. If an
                   integrating sphere is used, the aperture of the sphere shall have a cross-sectional area at least twice
                   that of the parallel portion of the beam. The linearity of the receiver and the associated indicated
                   instrument shall be better than 2 % of the effective part of the scale.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/52                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
          9.1.2.      Procedure
                     So adjust the instrument indicating the response of the receiver that it indicates 100 divisions when
                     the safety-glass pane is not inserted in the light path. When no light is falling on the receiver, the
                     instrument shall read zero.
                     Place the safety-glass pane at a distance from the receiver equal to approximately five times the
                     diameter of the receiver. Insert the safety-glass pane between the diaphragm and the receiver and
                     adjust its orientation in such a way that the angle of incidence of the light beam is equal to 0 ±
                     5°. The regular transmittance shall be measured on the safety-glass pane, and for every point
                     measured the number of divisions n shown on the indicating instrument shall be read. The regular
                     transmittance tr is equal to n/100.
          9.1.2.1.   In the case of windscreens, alternative test methods may be applied using either a test piece cut
                     from the flattest part of a windscreen or a specially prepared flat square with material and thickness
                     characteristics identical to those of the actual windscreen, the measurements being taken normal
                     (perpendicular) to the glass pane.
          9.1.2.2.   The test shall be carried out in the zone I specified in this Annex.
          9.1.3.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                     Colouring of the glass:
                     — colourless: 1,
                     — tinted: 2.
                     Colouring of the interlayer (in the case of laminated windscreens):
                     — colourless: 1,
                     — tinted: 2.
                     Shade and/or obscuration bands:
                     — not included: 1,
                     — included: 2.
                     No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          9.1.4.     Interpretation of results
                     The regular transmittance measured according to point 9.1.2 in the case of windscreens shall not
                     be less than 7 5 % , and in the case of windows other than windscreens shall not be less than 7 0 % .
                     In the case of windows situated at points which are not essential to the drawer's field of vision
                     (glazed roof, for example) the regular transmittance factor of the light from the pane may be less
                     than 7 0 % . Windows having a regular light-transmittance factor of less than 70% shall be marked
                     with an appropriate symbol.
          9.2.       Optical-distortion test
          9.2.1.     Scope
                     The method specified is a projection method which permits evaluation of the optical distortion of
                     a safety-glass pane.
          9.2.1.1.    Definitions
          9.2.1.1.1. Optical deviation: The angle between the true and the apparent direction of a point viewed through
                     the safety-glass pane, the magnitude of the angle being a function of the angle of incidence of the
                     line of sight, the thickness and inclination of the glass pane, and the radius of curvature at the
                     point of incidence.
          9.2.1.1.2. Optical distortion in a direction M M ' : The algebraic difference in angular deviation Aa measured
                     between two points M and M' on the surface of the safety-glass pane, the distance between the
                     two points being such that their projections in a plane at right angles to the direction of vision are
                     separated by a given distance Ax (figure 12).
                     Anti-clockwise deviation should be regarded as positive and clockwise deviation as negative.
          9.2.1.1.3. Optical distortion at a point M : The optical-distortion maximum for all directions MM' from the
                     point M.
          9.2.1.2.    Apparatus
                     This method entails the projection of an appropriate slide (raster) on to the display screen through
                     the safety-glass pane being tested. The change caused in the shape of the projected image by the
                     insertion of the safety-glass pane in the line of light provides a measure of the distortion. The
                     apparatus shall comprise the following items, arranged as shown in figure 15.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/53
          9.2.1.2.1. Projector, of good quality, with a high-intensity point light source, having for example the following
                     characteristics:
                     — focal length at least 90 mm,
                     — aperture approximately 1/2,5,
                     — 150 W quartz halogen lamp (if used without a filter),
                     — 250 W quartz halogen lamp (if a green filter is used).
                                                              Figure 12
                                          Diagrammatic representation of optical distortion
          Note: Aa = Oj — a 2 (i.e. the optical distortion in the direction MM').
                  Ax = MC (i.e. the distance between two straight lines parallel to the direction of vision
                          and passing through the points M and M').
                             Slide (raster)                                                            Diaphragm.
                 • Light source                   • Condenser
                                                              Figure 13
                                               Optical arrangement of the projector
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/54                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                          17. 8. 87
                                                                 Figure 14
                                                       Enlarged section of the slide
                       The projector is shown schematically in figure 13. A diaphragm of 8 mm diameter is positioned
                       approximately 10 mm from the front lens.
           9.2.1.2.2. Slides (rasters) consisting, for example, of an array of bright circular shapes on a dark background
                       (figure 14). The slide shall be of sufficiently high quality and contrast to enable measurement to
                       be carried out with an error of less than 5 %. In the absence of the safety-glass pane to be examined,
                       the dimensions of the circular shapes shall be such that when the circular shapes are projected they
                                                               R, + R2
                       form an array of circles of diameter              Ax, where Ax = 4 mm (figures 12 and 15).
                   Projector
           £_
                                              * i
    Diaphragam
                                                  Rake angle
                                                                                                             Viewing direction
                  R, = 4 m
                  R-, = 2 to 4 m (4 m preferred)
                                                                 Figure 15
                                       Arrangement of the apparatus for the optical-distortion test
            9.2.1.2.3. Support stand, preferably one permitting vertical and horizontal scanning, as well as rotation of
                        the safety-glass pane.
            9.2.1.2.4. Checking template, for measuring changes in dimensions where a rapid assessment is required. A
                       suitable design is shown in figure 16.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/55
                        i:imsmm * =t                           Figure 16
                                                Design for a suitable checking template
          9.2.1.3.    Procedure
          9.2.1.3.1. General
                     Mount the safety-glass pane on the support stand (point 9.2.1.2.3) at the designed rake angle.
                     Project the test image through the area being examined. Rotate the safety-glass pane or move it
                     either horizontally or vertically in order to examine the whole of the specified area.
          9.2.1.3.2. Assessment using a checking template
                     Where a rapid assessment with a possible margin of error of up to 20% is sufficient, calculate the
                     value of A (figure 16) from the limit value Aa L for the change in deviation and the value of R 2 , the
                     distance from the safety-glass pane to the display screen:
                                                               A = 0,145 Aa L . R 2
                     The relationship between the change in diameter of the projected image Ad and the change in
                     angular deviation Aa is given by:
                                                               Ad = 0,29 Aa . R 2
                     where:
                     Ad is in millimetres;
                     A is in millimetres;
                     Aa L is in minutes of arc;
                     Aa is in minutes of arc; and
                     R2 is in metres.
          9.2.1.3.3. Measurement using a photoelectric device
                     Where a precise measurement with a possible margin of error of less than 10% of the limit value
                     is required, measure Ad on the projection axis, the value of the spot width being taken at the point
                     where the luminance is 0,5 times the maximum spot-luminance value.
          9.2.1.4.   Expression of results
                     Evaluate the optical distortion of the safety-glass panes by measuring Ad at any point of the surface
                     and in all directions in order to find Ad max.
          9.2.1.5.   Alternative method
                     In addition, a strioscopic technique is permitted as an alternative to the projection techniques,
                     provided that the accuracy of the measurements given in points 9.2.1.3.2. and 9.2.1.3.3 is maintained.
          9.2.1.6.   The distance Ax shall be 4 mm.
          9.2.1.7.   The windscreen shall be mounted at the same angle of inclination as on the tractor.
          9.2.1.8.   The projection axis in the horizontal plane shall be maintained approximately normal to the trace
                     of the windscreen in that plane.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/56                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                       17. 8. 87
          9.2.2.      The measurements shall be performed:
          9.2.2.1.    In zone V as defined in point 9.2.5 of this Annex.
          9.2.2.2.    The test shall be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted on a tractor of a type which has a
                      different forward field of vision from that of the tractor type for which the windscreen has already
                      been approved.
          9.2.3.      Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
          9.2.3.1.    Nature of the material
                      — Polished (plate) glass: 1.
                      — Float glass: 1.
                      — Sheet glass: 2.
          9.2.3.2.    Other secondary characteristics
                      No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          9.2.4.      Number of samples
                      Four samples shall be submitted for testing.
          9.2.5.      Definition of zone V
          9.2.5.1.    Zone I' covers the entire surface of the windscreen.
          9.2.6.      Interpretation of results
                      A type of windscreen shall be considered satisfactory as regards optical distortion if, in the four
                      samples submitted for testing, optical distortion does not exceed a maximum value of 2' of an arc.
          9.2.6.1.    No measurement shall be performed within a 100 mm wide peripheral zone.
          9.2.6.2.    In the case of divided windscreens no check is performed within a band 35 mm in width, starting
                      from the edge of the pane, which may be adjacent to the screen divider.
          9.3.       Secondary-image-separation test
          9.3.1.     Scope
                     Two test methods are recognized:
                     — target test,
                     — collimation-telescope test.
                     These tests may be used for approval, quality-control or product-evaluation purpose, as appropriate.
          9.3.1.1.   Target test
          9.3.1.1.1. Apparatus
                     This method involves viewing an illuminated target through the safety-glass pane. The target may
                     be designed in such a way that the test can be carried out on a simple 'go - no go' basis. The target
                     shall preferably be of one of the following types; that is to say, either:
                     (a) an illuminated 'ring' target whose outer diameter, D, subtends an angle of r| minutes of arc at
                          a point situated at x metres (figure 17a); or
                     (b) an illuminated 'ring and spot' target whose dimensions are such that the distance, D, from a
                          point on the edge of the spot to the nearest point on the inside of the circle subtends an angle
                          of n minutes of arc at a point situated at x metres (figure 17b);
                     where:
                     r| is the limit value of secondary-image separation;
                     x is the distance from the safety-glass pane to the target (not less than 7 m);
                     D is given by the formula:
                                                                  D = x • tan r|
                     The illuminated target consists of a light box, approximately 300 x 300 x 150 mm, whose front
                     is most conveniently constructed of glass masked with opaque black paper or coated with matt
                     black paint. The box shall be illuminated by a suitable light source. The inside of the box shall be
                     coated with matt white paint. It may be convenient to use other forms of target, such as that
                     shown in figure 20. It is also acceptable to replace the target system by a projection system and to
                     view the resulting images on a screen.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                                 Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/57
             9.3.1.1.2. Procedure
                        Mount the safety-glass pane at the specified rake angle on a suitable stand in such a way that the
                        observation is carried out in the horizontal plane passing through the centre of the target.
                        The light box shall be viewed, in a dark or semi-dark room, through each part of the area being
                        examined, in order to detect the presence of any secondary image associated with the illuminated
                        target. Rotate the safety-glass pane as necessary to ensure that the correct direction of view is
                        maintained. A monocular may be used for viewing.
             9.3.1.1.3. Expression of results
                        Determine whether:
                        — when target (a) (see figure 17) is used, the primary and secondary image of the circle separate,
                            i.e. whether the limit value of r| is exceeded, or
                        — when target (b) (see figure 17) is used, the secondary image of the spot shifts beyond the point
                            of tangency with the inside edge of the circle, i.e. whether the limit value of T) is exceeded.
                                                       Slot width 2 mm
                                                                   Figure 17
                                                            Dimensions of targets
       Observation                Safety-glass pane                                        Target,                           Suitable
       location                                                                                                              light
                                                                                                                             source
        Rake angle                                            Observation distance ( x ^ 7 m )
                                                                   Figure 18
                                                          Arragement of apparatus
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/58                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
                      Collimation telescope                                               Observation telescope
                                                                                 Safety-glass
                                                Rake angle                       pane                     • Image plan
                    Lamp bulb.
                    Condenser aperture > 8,6 mm.
                    Ground-glass screen aperture > condenser aperture.
                    Colour filter with central hole approximately in 0,3 mm diameter; diameter > 8,6 mm.
                    Polar-coordinate plate, diameter > 8,6 mm.
                    Achromatic lens, f 2s 86 mm, aperture 10 mm.
                    Achromatic lens, f 2* 86 mm, aperture 10 mm.
                    Black spot, diameter approximately 0,3 mm.
                    Achromatic lens, f = 20 mm, aperture ^ 10 mm.
                                                               Figure 19
                                               Apparatus for collimation-telescope test
          9.3.1.2.   Collimation-telescope test
                     If necessary, the procedure described in this paragraph shall be applied.
          9.3.1.2.1. Apparatus
                     The apparatus comprises a collimator and a telescope and may be set up in accordance with
                     figure 19. However, any equivalent optical system may be used.
          9.3.1.2.2. Procedure
                     The collimation telescope forms at infinity the image of a polar-coordinate system with a bright
                     point at its centre (figure 20). In the local plane of the observation telescope, a small opaque spot
                     with a diameter slightly larger than of the projected bright point is placed on the optical axis, thus
                     obscuring the bright point.
                     When a test piece which exhibits a secondary image is placed between the telescope and the
                     collimator, a second, less bright point appears at a certain distance from the centre of the polar-
                     coordinate system. The secondary-image separation can be read out as the distance between the
                     points seen through the observation telescope (figure 20). (The distance between the dark spot and
                     the bright point at the centre of the polar-coordinate system represents the optical deviation).
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                     No C 218/59
                                                             Figure 20
                                  Example of observation by the collimation-telescope-test method
          9.3.1.2.3. Expression of results
                     The safety-glass pane shall first be examined by a simple scanning technique to establish the area
                     giving the strongest secondary image. That area shall then be examined by the collimator-telescope
                     system at the appropriate angle of incidence. The maximum secondary-image separation shall be
                     measured.
          9.3.1.3.   The direction of observation in the horizontal plane shall be maintained approximately normal to
                     the trace of the windscreen in that plane.
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          9.3.2.   The measurements shall be performed:
          9.3.2.1. In zone I' defined in point 9.2.5 of this Annex.
          9.3.2.2. Tractor type
                   The test shall be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted on a tractor of a type which has a
                   forward field of vision different from that of the tractor for which the windscreen has already been
                   approved.
          9.3.3.   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
          9.3.3.1. Nature of the material
                   — Polished (plate) glass: 1.
                   — Float glass: 1.
                   — Sheet glass: 2.
          9.3.3.2. Other secondary characteristics
                   No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          9.3.4.   Number of samples
                   Four samples shall be submitted for testing.
          9.3.5.   Interpretation of results
                   A type of windscreen shall be considered satisfactory as regards secondary-image separation if, in
                   the four samples submitted for testing, separation of the primary and secondary image does not
                   exceed a maximum value of 15' of an arc.
          9.3.5.1. No measurement shall be carried out in a 100 mm wide peripheral zone.
          9.3.5.2. In the case of divided windscreens no check is performed within a band 35 mm in width, starting
                   from the edge of the pane, which may be adjacent to the screen divider.
          9.4.     Identification-of-colors test
                   When a windscreen is tinted in the zone defined in point 9.2.5, four windscreens shall be tested for
                   identifiability of the following coulours:
                   — white,
                   — selective yellow,
                   — red,
                   — green,
                   — blue,
                   — amber.
          10.      TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE
          10.1.    Test method
                   Two 300 x 300 mm test pieces shall be placed in an enclosed chamber for six hours at a temperature
                   of — 40 ± 5° C; they shall then be placed in the ambient air at a temperature of 23 ± 2° C for
                   one hour, or until the test piece has reached a stable temperature. They shall then be placed in an
                   air flow at a temperature of 72 ± 2° C for three hours. The test pieces shall then be examined
                   after they have been returned to the ambient air at 23 ± 2° C and cooled to that temperature.
          10.2.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                   Colouring of the plastic interlayer or coating:
                   — colourless: 1,
                   — tinted: 2.
                   No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          10.3.    Interpretation of results
                   The testing of resistance to changes in temperature shall be considered to have given a positive
                   result if the test pieces display no cracking, opacification, exfoliation or other obvious deterioration.
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          11.        TESTING OF RESISTANCE T O CHEMICAL AGENTS
          11.1.      Chemical agents to be used
          11.1.1.    Non-abrasive soapy solution: 1 % by weight of potassium oleate in deionized water.
          11.1.2.    Window cleaning product: aqueous solution of isopropanol and dipropylene glycol monomethyl
                    ether, each at a concentration of 5 to 10% by weight, and of ammonium hydroxyde at a
                    concentration of 1 to 5 % by weight.
          11.1.3.    Non-dilute denatured alcohol: one part by volume of methyl alcohol in 10 parts by volume of
                     ethyl alcohol.
          11.1.4.    Reference gasoline: mixture of 50% by volume of toluene, 30% by volume of 2.2.4 trimethylpen-
                     tane, 15 % by volume of 2.4.4 trimethyl-1-pentane and 5 % by volume of ethyl alcohol.
          11.1.5.    Reference kerosene: mixture of 50% by volume of n-octane and 50% by volume of n-decane.
          11.2.     Test method
                    Two 180 x 25 mm test pieces shall each be tested with chemical agents as provided for in point
                     11.1, a new test piece being used for each test and product. After each test the pieces shall be
                    cleaned in accordance with the manufacturer's instruction, and then be conditioned for 48 hours
                    at a temperature of 23 ± 2° C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5 % . These conditions shall be
                    maintained during the tests.
                    The test pieces shall be completely immersed in the test liquid for one minute, be withdrawn and
                    then immediately be dried with a (clean) absorbent cotton cloth.
          11.3.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                    Colouring of the plastic interlayer or coating:
                    — colourless: 1,
                    — tinted: 2.
                    No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          11.4.     Interpretation of results
          11.4.1.   The test for resistance to chemical agents shall be considered to be positive if the test pieces display
                    no softening, stickiness, surface cracking or apparent loss of transparence.
          11.4.2.   A series of test pieces submitted for component type approval shall be considered satisfactory as
                    regards resistance to chemical agents if one of the following conditions has been met:
          11.4.2.1. All the tests give satisfactory results.
          11.4.2.2. A test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                    test pieces gives satisfactory results.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/62                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        17. 8. 87
                                                            ANNEX      lll-D
                                              UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED GLAZING
                     DEFINITION OF TYPE
                     Uniformly toughened glazing shall be deemed to belong to different types if it differs in at least
                     one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
             1.      The principal characteristics are as follows:
             1.1.    The trade name or mark.
             1.2.    The nature of the toughening process (thermal or chemical).
             13.     The shape category; two categories are distinguished:
             1.3.1.  Flat-glass panes.
             1.3.2.  Flat- and curved-glass panes.
             1.4.    The thickness category in which the nominal thickness 'e' lies (a manufacturing tolerance of
                      ± 0,2 mm being allowed):
                     — category      I: e ^ 3,5 mm,
                     — category II: 3,5 mm < e ^ 4,5 mm,
                     — category III: 4,5 mm < e ^ 6,5 mm,
                     — category IV: 6,5 mm < e.
          1.2.       The secondary characteristics are as follows:
          1.2.1.     Nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass).
          1.2.2.     Colouring (colourless or tinted).
          1.2.3.     The incorporation or otherwise of conductors.
          2.         FRAGMENTATION
          2.1.       Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                     — Polished (plate) glass: 2.
                     — Float glass: 1.
                     — Sheet glass: 1.
                     No other secondary characteristics are involved.
          2.1.1.     Only the nature of the material is involved.
          2.1.2.     Float glass and sheet glass are considered to have the same index of difficulty.
          2.1.3.     The fragmentation test must be repeated on transition from polished (plate) glass to float glass or
                     sheet glass, and vice versa.
          2.2.       Selection of samples
          2.2.1.     Samples of each shape category and of each thickness category difficult to produce shall be selected
                     according to the following criteria for testing:
          2.2.1.1.   In the case of flat-glass panes the subject of an application for approval in conformity with point
                      1.1.3.1, two sets of samples shall be supplied, corresponding to:
          2.2.1.1.1. The largest area.
          2.2.1.1.2. The pane with the smallest angle between two adjacent sides.
          2.2.1.2.    In the case of flat- and curved-glass panes the subject of an application for approval in conformity
                      with point 1.1.3.2, three sets of samples shall be supplied, corresponding to:
          2.2.1.2.1. The largest developed area.
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           2.2.1.2.2. The pane with the smallest angle between two adjacent sides.
           2.2.1.2.3. The largest height of segment.
           2.2.1.2.4. The pane in which the smallest angle between two adjacent sides is less than 30.
           2.2.1.2.5. The largest height of segment exceeding 10 cm. The height of segment of the glass pane subjected
                       to the test shall be recorded in the test report.
           2.2.2.      Tests conducted on samples corresponding to the largest area 'S' shall be deemed to be applicable
                       to any other area smaller than S + 5 % .
           2.2.3.      If the samples submitted have an angle y less than 30°, the tests shall be deemed to be applicable
                       to all panes manufactured having an angle greater than y — 5°.
                       If the samples submitted have an angle greater than 30°, the tests shall be deemed to be applicable
                       to all panes manufactured having an angle not less than 30°.
           2.2.4.      If the height of segment x of the samples submitted is greater than 100 mm, the tests shall be
                      deemed to be applicable to all panes manufactured having a height of segment less than x + 30 mm.
                       If the height of segment of the samples submitted is not less than 100 mm, the tests shall be deemed
                      to be applicable to all panes manufactured having a height of segment not less than 100 mm.
           2.3.       Number of samples per set
                      The number of samples in each group shall be as follows according to the shape category defined
                      in point 1.1.3:
                                             Kind of glass pane                              Number of samples
                      Flat (one or two sets)                                                         4
                      Flat and curved (one, two or three sets)                                       5
           2.4.       Test method
           2.4.1.     The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C, point 1.
           2.5.       Points of impact (see Annex HI-J, figure 3)
          2.5.1.      For flat-glass panes and curved-glass panes the points of impact represented respectively in figures
                      3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) of Annex III-J shall be as follows:
                      Point 1: 3 cm from the edges of the glass pane in the part where the radius of curvature of the
                      edge is smallest.
                      Point 2: 3 cm from the edge on one of the medians, the side of the glass pane bearing tong marks
                      (if any) being selected.
                      Point 3: in the geometric centre of the glass.
                      Point 4: for curved-glass panes only; this point shall be selected on the largest median in that part
                      of the pane where the radius of curvature is smallest.
          2.5.2.      Only one test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of impact.
          2.6.       Interpretation of results
          2.6.1.     A test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if fragmentation satisfies the following
                     conditions:
          2.6.1.1.   The number of fragments in any 5 x 5 cm square is not less than 40 nor more than 400, or 450 in
                     the case of glazing not more than 3,5 mm thick.
          2.6.1.2.   For the purposes of the above rule, a fragment extending across a side of a square shall count as
                     half a fragment.
          2.6.1.3.   Fragmentation shall not be checked in a strip 2 cm wide round the edge of the samples, this strip
                     representing the frame of the glass; nor within a radius of 7,5 cm from the point of impact.
          2.6.1.4.   Fragments of an area exceeding 3 cm 2 shall not be allowed except in the parts defined in 2.6.1.3.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/64                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                       17. 8. 87
          2.6.1.5.    A few fragments of elongated shape shall be allowed, provided that they are not more than 7,5 cm
                      long and that their ends are not knife-edged; if these elongated fragments extend to the edge of the
                      glass they must not form an angle of more than 45° with it.
          2.6.2.      A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
                      fragmentation if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled; that is to say, if:
          2.6.2.1.    All tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in point 2.5.1 have given a satisfactory
                      result.
          2.6.2.2.    One test, among all the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in point 2.5.1,
                      exhibits deviations which are unsatisfactory but do not exceed the limits set out below:
                      — up to five fragments between 6 and 7,5 cm long,
                      — up to four fragments between 7,5 and 10 cm long,
                      and is repeated on a new sample complying with the requirements of point 2.6.1 or exhibiting
                      deviations within the above limits.
          2.6.2.3.    Two tests, among all the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in point 2.5.1,
                      exhibit deviations which are unsatisfactory but do not exceed the limits set out in point 2.6.2.2,
                      but a further series of tests carried out on a new set of samples complies with the requirements of
                      point 2.6.1, or not more than two samples of the new set exhibit deviations within the limits laid
                      down in point 2.6.2.2.
          2.6.3.      Any deviations as referred to above shall be mentioned in the report, and photographs of the
                      affected parts of the windscreen shall be attached.
          3.          MECHANICAL STRENGTH
          3.1.        Impact test with a 227 g ball
          3.1.1.      Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                      — Polished glass: 2.
                      — Float glass: 1.
                      — Sheet glass: 1.
                      Colouring:
                      — colourless: 1,
                      — tinted: 2.
          3.1.2.      Number of test pieces
                      Six test pieces shall be subjected to testing for each thickness category defined in point 1.1.4.
          3.1.3.      Test method
          3.1.3.1.    The test method used shall be that described in Annex III-C, point 2.1.
          3.1.3.2.    The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper surface of the test piece) shall be
                      as indicated in the following table, according to thickness of the glass pane:
                                         Nominal thickness                                   Height of drop
                                                  e ^ 3,5 mm                              2,0 m + 5 / - 0 mm
                                     3,5 mm < e                                           2,5 m + 5 / - 0 mm
          3.1.4.      Interpretation of results
          3.1.4.1.    The ball-impact test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the test piece does not
                      break.
          3.1.4.2.     A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view
                      of mechanical strength if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled; that is to say, if:
          3.1.4.2.1. No more than one test has given an unsatisfactory result.
           3.1.4.2.2. Two tests having given unsatisfactory results, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                       six test pieces gives satisfactory results.
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4.   OPTICAL QUALITIES
4.1. Transmission of light
     The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex III-C, point 9.1, shall apply to glass
     panes or parts of glass panes which must comply with requirements concerning the driver's field
     of view in all directions.
4.2. For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C, points 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/66                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                        17. 8. 87
                                                          ANNEX 111-E
                                              ORDINARY LAMINATED GLAZING
          1.     DEFINITION OF TYPE
                 Laminated-glass panes other than windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if they
                 differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics:
          1.1.   The principal characteristics are as follows:
          1.1.1. The trade name or mark.
          1.1.2. The glass-thickness category in which the nominal thickness 'e' lies, a manufacturing tolerance of
                 ± 0,2 n mm ('n' being the number of layers of glass in the pane) being allowed:
                 — category       1: e ^ 5,5 mm,
                 — category II: 5,5 mm < e ^ 6,5 mm,
                 — category III: 6,5 mm < e.
          1.1.3. The nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers.
          1.1.4. The nature (foil or air-gap) and type of the interlayer or interlayers, e.g. PVB or other plastics-
                 material interlayer or interlayers.
          1.1.5. Any special treatment which one of the layers of glass may have undergone.
          1.2.   The secondary characteristics are as follows:
          1.2.1. The nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass).
          1.2.2. The colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted).
          1.2.3. The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted).
          2.     GENERAL
          2.1.   In the case of ordinary laminated-glass panes other than windscreens the tests shall be conducted on
                 flat test pieces which are either cut from actual glass panes or are specially made. In either case the
                 test pieces shall be in all respects rigorously representative of the glass panes for the production of
                 which approval is sought.
          2.2.   Before each test the pieces of laminated glass shall be stored for less than four hours at a temperature
                 of 23 ± 2° C. The tests shall be performed on the test pieces as soon as the test pieces have been
                 taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
          3.      HEADFORM TEST
          3.1.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                  No secondary characteristics are involved.
          3.2.    Number of test pieces
                  Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 x 500 mm ( + 2 5 / - 0 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
          3.3.    Test method
          3.3.1.  The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C, point 3.
          3.3.2.  The height of drop shall be 1,5 m + 0 / —5 mm.
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          3.4.     Interpretation of results
          3.4.1.   This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
          3.4.1.1. The test piece yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the
                   point of impact.
          3.4.1.2. Tears in the interlayer are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through.
          3.4.1.3. No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
          3.4.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of
                   view of behaviour under head impact if one of the following two conditions is met; that is to say,
                   if:
          3.4.2.1. All the tests give satisfactory results.
          3.4.2.2. One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                   test pieces gives satisfactory results.
          4.       MECHANICAL STRENGTH, 227 g BALL-IMPACT TEST
          4.1.     Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                   No secondary characteristics are involved.
          4.2.     Number of test pieces
                   Four flat square test pieces of 300 * 300 mm (+ 10/ — 0 mm) side shall be subjected to testing.
          4.3.     Test method
          4.3.1.   The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C, point 2.1.
          4.3.2.   The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) shall be as
                   indicated in the following table as a function of nominal thickness:
                                       Nominal thickness                                    Height of drop
                                               e =S 5,5 mm                               5 m + 25/ — 0 mm
                                   5,5 mm ^ e ^ 6,5 mm                                   6 m +25/ —0 mm
                                   6,5 mm ^ e                                            7 m + 2 5 / - 0 mm
          4.4.     Interpretation of results
          4.4.1.   The ball impact test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if either of the following
                   conditions is fulfilled; that is to say, if:
          4.4.1.1. The ball does not pass through the test piece or sample.
          4.4.1.2. The total weight of the few fragments which may be produced on the side opposite to the point of
                   impact does not exceed 15 g.
          4.4.2.   A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of
                   view of mechanical strength if one of the following conditions is met; that is to say, if:
          4.4.2.1. All the tests have given a satisfactory result.
          4.4.2.2. Not more than two tests having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out
                   on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
          5.       RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
          5.1.     Abrasion test
          5.1.1.   Indices of difficulty and test method
                   The requirements of Annex III-C, point 4, shall apply. The test shall be continued for 1 000 cycles.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/68                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                          17. 8. 87
          5.1.2. Interpretation of results
                 Safety glass shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of abrasion resistance if the light
                 scattered as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2 %.
          5.2.   High-temperature test
                 The requirements of Annex III-C, point 5, shall apply.
          5.3.   Resistance to radiation test
          5.3.1. General requirement
                 This test shall be conducted only if the laboratory deems it useful in the light of the information in
                 its possession concerning the interlayer.
          5.3.2. The requirements of Annex III-C, point 6, shall apply.
          5.4.   Resistance-to-humidity test
          5.4.1. The requirements of Annex III-C, point 7, shall apply.
          6.     OPTICAL QUALITIES
          6.1.   Transmission of light
                 The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex III-C, points 9.1, shall apply to glass
                 panes or parts of glass panes which must comply with requirements concerning the driver's field of
                 view in all directions.
          6.2.   For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C, points 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                         No C 218/69
                                                            ANNEX     W-F
                                             PLASTICS-COATED SAFETY GLAZING
           1.  Safety-glazing materials, as defined in Annexes III-D, III-E, III-G and III-H, if coated on the inner face
               with a layer of plastics material, shall conform not only to the requirements of the appropriate annexes,
               but also to the following additional requirements.
          2.   ABRASION TEST
          2.1. Indices of difficulty and test method
               The plastics coating shall be subjected to a test in accordance with the method specified in Annex
               III-C, point 4, and continued for 100 cycles.
          2.2. Interpretation of results
               The plastics coating be considered satisfactory from the point of view of abrasion resistance if the light
               scattered as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 4 %.
          3.   RESISTANCE TO HUMIDITY TEST
          3.1. In the case of plastics-coated toughened safety glazing material a resistance to humidity test shall be
               performed.
          3.2. The requirements of Annex III-C, point 7, shall apply.
          3.3. Indices of difficulty and test method
               The provisions of Annex III-C, point 7, shall apply.
          3.4. Interpretation of results
               The test shall be considered satisfactory if no substantial irreversible change is observed in the test piece
               after it has passed 48 hours in the ambient atmosphere.
          4.   BURNING BEHAVIOUR (FIRE-RESISTANCE) TEST
               The requirements of Annex III-C, point 8, shall apply
          5.   TEST OF RESISTANCE T O TEMPERATURE CHANGE
               The requirements of Annex III-C, point 10, shall apply.
          6.   TEST OF RESISTANCE OF CHEMICALS
               The requirements of Annex III-C, point 11, shall apply.
          7.   OPTICAL QUALITIES
          7.1. Transmission of light
               The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex III-C, point 9.1, shall apply to glass panes
               or parts of glass panes which must comply with requirements concerning the driver's field of view in
               all directions.
          7.2. For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C, points 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3 shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/70                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
                                                            ANNEX     M-G
                                                       PLASTICS GLAZING
           1.      DEFINITION OF TYPE
                   Plastics glazing other than windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if it differs in at
                   least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
           1.1.    The principal characteristics are as follows:
          1.1.1.  The trade name or mark.
           1.1.2. The thickness category in which the nominal thickness 'e' lies (a manufacturing tolerance of
                   ± 0,2 mm being allowed):
                  — category       I: e < 3,5 mm,
                  — category II: 3,5 mm < 6=5 4,5 mm,
                  — category III: 4,5 mm < e.
          1.1.3.  The nominal thickness of the plastics interlayer sheet or sheets.
          1.1.4.  The nominal thickness of the pane.
          1.1.5.  The type of plastics interlayer sheet or sheets (for example, PVB or other plastics material) and of
                  the plastics sheet on the inside face.
          1.1.6.  Any special treatment which the glass sheet may have undergone.
          1.2.    The secondary characteristics are as follows:
          1.2.1.  The nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass).
          1.2.2.  The colouring (total or partial) of the plastics interlayer sheet or sheets (colourless or tinted).
          1.2.3.  The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted).
          2.      GENERAL
          2.1.    In the case of plastics glazing the tests shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either cut
                  from actual glass panes or are specially made. In either case the test pieces shall be in all respects
                  rigorously representative of the glass panes of which approval is sought.
          2.2.    Before each test the test pieces of plastics glazing shall be stored for not less than four hours at a
                  temperature of 23 ± 2° C. The tests shall be performed as soon as the test pieces have been taken
                  out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
          2.3.    The glazing presented for approval shall be deemed to comply with the provisions of this annex if it
                  has the same composition as a windscreen already approved in accordance with the provisions of
                  Annex III-I.
          3.      HEADFORM TEST
          3.1.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                  No secondary characteristics are involved.
          3.2.    Number of test pieces
                  Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 x 500 mm ( + 5/ —2 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
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           3.3.     Test method
           3.3.1.    The methode used shall be that described in Annex III-C, point 3.
           3.3.2.    The height of drop shall be 1,5 + 0/ — 5 mm.
           3.4.      Interpretation of results
           3.4.1.   This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled;
                    that is to say, if:
           3.4.1.1. The glass sheet yields and breaks, displaying numerous cracks.
           3.4.1.2. Tears in the interlayer are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through.
           3.4.1.3. No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
           3.4.2.    A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of
                    view of behaviour under head impact if one of the following two conditions is met; that is to say,
                     if:
           3.4.2.1. All the tests give satisfactory results.
           3.4.2.2. One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                    test pieces gives satisfactory results.
           4.       MECHANICAL STRENGTH, 227 g BALL-IMPACT TEST
           4.1.     The requirements of Annex III-E, point 4, shall be applicable with the exception of the table in point
                    4.3.2. which should be replaced with the following:
                                        Nominal thickness                                  Height of drop
                                                e =S 3,5 mm                              5 m + 25/ — 0 mm
                                   3,5 mm < e ^ 4,5 mm                                   6 m + 25/ — 0 mm
                                                e > 4,5 mm                              7 m + 25/ — 0 mm
          4.2.      However, the requirement of Annex III-E, point 4.4.1.2, shall not apply.
          5.        RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
          5.1.      Abrasion test
          5.1.1.    Abrasion test of the external face
                    The requirements of Annex III-E, point 5.1, shall apply.
          5.1.2.    Abrasion test of the internal face
                    The requirements of Annex III-F, point 2.1, shall apply.
          5.2.      High-temperature test
                    The requirements of Annex III-C, point 5, shall apply.
          5.3.      Resistance to radiation test
                    The requirements of Annex III-C, point 6, shall apply.
          6.        RESISTANCE-TO-HUMIDITY TEST
                    The requirements of Annex III-C, point 7, shall apply.
          7.       FIRE-RESISTANCE TEST
                   The requirements of Annex III-C, point 8, shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/72                       Official Journal of the European Communities                                     17. 8. 87
          8.   OPTICAL QUALITIES
          8.1. Transmission of light
               The requirements concerning optical qualities of Annex III-C, point 9.1, shall apply to glass panes
               or parts of glass panes which must comply with the requirements concerning the driver's field of
               view in all directions.
          8.2. For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C, points 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, shall apply.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                         No C 218/73
                                                           ANNEX     M-H
                                                       DOUBLE GLAZING
           1.     DEFINITION OF TYPE
                   Double glazing shall be deemed to belong to different types if it differs in at least one of the following
                   principal or secondary characteristics.
           1.1.   The principal characteristics are as follows:
           1.1.1. The trade name or mark.
           1.1.2. The composition of the double glazing (symmetrical, asymmetrical).
           1.1.3. The type of each of the component panes, as defined in point 1 of Annexes III-D, III-E and III-G.
          1.1.4.  The nominal thickness of the gap between the two panes.
          1.1.5.  The type of bonding (organic, glass-glass or glass-metal).
          1.2.    The secondary characteristics are as follows:
          1.2.1.  The secondary characteristics of each of the component panes, as defined in point 1.2 of Annexes
                  HID, III-E and III-G.
          2.       GENERAL
          2.1.    Each of the component panes of double glazing must be either approved or subject to the requirements
                  of the applicable Annex (III-D, III-E or III-G).
          2.2.    Tests conducted on double glazing with a nominal gap thickness 'e' shall be deemed to be applicable
                  to all double glazing with the same characteristics and a nominal gap thickness of e ± 3 mm.
                  However, applicants may submit for approval the sample with the smallest gap and the one with
                  the largest gap.
          2.3.    In the case of double glazing with at least one pane of laminated or plastics glazing, the test pieces
                  shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23 ± 2° C. The tests shall be
                  performed as soon as the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
          3.      HEADFORM TEST
          3.1.    Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                  No secondary characteristics are involved.
          3.2.    Number of test pieces
                  Six test pieces measuring 1 100 x 500 mm ( + 5/ —2 mm) shall be subjected to testing for each
                  thickness category of the component panes and each gap thickness as defined in point 1.1.4.
          3.3.    Test method
          3.3.1.  The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C, point 3.
          3.3.2.  The height of drop shall be 1,5 + 0/ - 5 mm.
          3.4.    Interpretation of results
          3.4.1.  Double glazing comprising two panes of uniformly toughened glass.
                  The headform test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if both components break.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/74                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
          3.4.2.   Double glazing comprising two panes of laminated glass other than windscreens.
                   The headform test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are
                   fulfilled; that is to say, if:
          3.4.2.1. Both components of the test piece yield and break, displaying numerous circular cracks centred
                   approximately on the point of impact.
          3.4.2.2. Tears in the interlayers are allowed but the manikin's head must no pass through.
          3.4.2.3. No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
          3.4.3.   Double glazing comprising one pane of uniformly toughened glass and one pane of laminated glass
                   other than windscreens:
          3.4.3.1. The toughened-glass pane breaks.
          3.4.3.2. The laminated-glass pane yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approxi-
                   mately on the point of impact.
          3.4.3.3. Tears in the interlayer(s) are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through.
          3.4.3.4. No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
          3.4.4.   A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
                   behaviour under impact of the head if either of the following conditions is fulfilled; that is to say if:
          3.4.4.1. All the tests have given a satisfactory result.
          3.4.4.2. One test having given a satisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of
                   samples has given satisfactory results.
          4.       OPTICAL QUALITIES
                   The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex III-C, point 9.1, shall apply to glass
                   panes or parts of glass panes which are required to comply with requirements concerning the driver's
                   field of view in all directions.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                     No C 218/75
                                                         ANNEX    Ul-l
                              GROUPING OF WINDSCREENS FOR APPROVAL TESTING
           1.    The features taken into account are:
           1.1.  The developed area of the windscreen.
           1.2.  The height of segment.
           1.3.  The curvature.
          2.     A group is made up of a thickness class.
          3.     Classification is performed in ascending order of developed area. The five largest and the five
                 smallest developed areas shall be selected, and shall be numbered as follows:
                 1 for the largest, 1 for the smallest.
                2 for the next largest after 1, 2 for the next smallest after 1.
                3 for the next largest after 2, 3 for the next smallest after 2.
                4 for the next largest after 3, 4 for the next smallest after 3.
                5 for the next largest after 4, 5 for the next smallest after 4.
          4.    Within each of the two series defined under point 3, the heights of segment shall be indicated as
                follows:
                 1 for the greatest height of segment.
                2 for the next greatest.
                3 for the next greatest, etc.
          5.    Within each of the two series defined under point 3, the radii of curvature shall be indicated as
                follows:
                1 for the smallest radius of curvature.
                2 for the next smallest.
                3 for the next smallest, etc.
          6.    The numbers awarded to each windscreen in the two series defined under point 3 shall be added
                together.
          6.1.  That windscreen among the five largest which has the smallest total and that windscreen among
                the five smallest which has the smallest total shall be selected for the full tests defined in Annex
                III-I.
          6.2.  The other windscreens in the same series shall be tested to verify the optical qualities defined in
                Annex III-c, point 9.
          7.    A few windscreens having significantly different parameters of shape and/or radius of curvature
                from the extremes of the selected group may also be tested if the technical service conducting the
                tests considers that the parameters in question are likely to have appreciable adverse effects.
          8.    The limits of the group are determined by developed area of windscreen. Where a windscreen
                submitted for type approval has a developed area outside the approved limits and/or has a
                significantly greater height of segment or a significantly smaller radius of curvature, it shall be
                considered to be of a new type and shall be subjected to additional tests if the technical service
                deems such tests technically necessary, having regard to the information already in its possession
                concerning the product and the material used.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/76                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                          17. 8. 87
          9.         Should any other windscreen model subsequently be manufactured by the holder of an approval
                     in a thickness class already approved :
          9.1.       It shall be ascertained whether that model can be included among the five largest or the five
                     smallest selected for approval of the group in question.
          9.2.       Numbering by the procedures defined in points 3, 4 and 5 shall be performed again.
          9.3.       If the sum of the numbers awarded to the windscreen newly incorporated among the five largest
                     or the five smallest windscreens:
          9.3.1.     Is found to be the smallest, the following tests shall be performed:
          9.3.1.1.   Toughened glass windscreen:
          9.3.1.1.1. Fragmentation.
          9.3.1.1.2. Headform impact.
          9.3.1.1.3. Optical distortion.
          9.3.1.1.4. Secondary-image separation.
          9.3.1.1.5. Light transmission.
          9.3.1.2.   Laminated or glass-plastics windscreen:
          9.3.1.2.1. Headform impact.
          9.3.1.2.2. Optical distortion.
          9.3.1.2.3. Secondary-image separation.
          9.3.1.2.4. Light transmission.
          9.3.1.3.   Treated laminated windscreen: the tests specified in points 9.3.1.1.1, 9.3.1.1.2 and 9.3.1.2.
          9.3.1.4.   Plastics-faced windscreen: the tests specified in point 9.3.1.1 or 9.3.1.2, as appropriate.
          9.3.2.     Is found not to be the smallest, only the tests prescribed for verifying the optical qualities defined
                     in Annex-C, point 9.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                  No C 218/77
                                                          ANNEX      III-)
           MEASUREMENT OF THE HEIGHTS OF SEGMENT AND POSITION OF THE POINTS OF IMPACT
                                                            Figure 1
            Determination of height of segment 'n' and position of points of impact in the cases A, B and C shown
          — For a glass pane with a single curve, the height of segment will be hi.
          — For a glass pane with a double curve, the height of segment will be hi + h2 maximum.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/78 Official Journal of the European Communities 17. 8. 87
                          (a) Flat glass panel
                          (b) Flat glass panel
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                    No C 218/79
                                                    (c) Curved glass panel
                                                   Figures 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c)
                              Prescribed points of impact for side glass panes and the rear window
          The points '2' shown in figures 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) are examples of the sites for point '2' prescribed in
          Annex III-D, point 2.5.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/80                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                         17. 8. 87
                                                            ANNEX 1I1-K
                                        CHECKS O N CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
          1.       DEFINITIONS
                   For the purposes of this Annex:
          1.1.     'Type of product' means all glass panes having the same principal characteritics.
          1.2.     'Thickness class' means all glass panes having the thickness of component parts within the permitted
                   tolerances.
          1.3.     'Production unit' means all production facilities of one or several types of glass panes established in
                   the same place; it may include several production lines.
          1.4.     'Shift' means a period of production carried out by the same production line during daily working
                   hours.
          1.5.     'Production run' means a continuous period of production of the same type of product in the same
                   shift.
          1.6.     'Ps' means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced by the same shift.
          1.7.     'Pr' means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced during a production
                   run.
          2.       TEST
                   The glass panes shall be submitted to the following tests:
          2.1.     Uniformly toughened-glass windscreens and panes
          2.1.1.   Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-D, point 2.
          2.1.2.   Light-transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 9.1.
          2.1.3.   Panes used as windscreens:
          2.1.3.1. Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 9.2.
          2.1.3.2. Secondary-image separation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 9.3.
          2.2.     Ordinary laminated-glass and glass-plastics panes other than windscreens
          2.2.1.   227 g ball impact test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F, point 4.
          2.2.2.   High-temperature test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 5.
          2.2.3.   Light-transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 9.1.
          2.2.4.   For panes of glass plastics only:
          2.2.4.1. Abrasion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F, point 2.1.
          2.2.4.2. Resistance to humidity test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F, point 3.
          2.2.4.3. Resistance to chemicals test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 11.
          2.2.5.   The above provisions shall be considered to be met if the corresponding tests have been carried out
                   on a windscreen of the same composition.
          2.3.     Plastics-faced glazing
                    In addition to the tests prescribed in the various paragraphs of this Annex, the following tests shall
                    be carried out:
          2.3.1.    Abrasion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F, point 2.1.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                       No C 218/81
           2.3.2.   Resistance to humidity test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F, point 3.
           2.3.3.   Resistance to chemicals test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-C, point 11.
           2.4.     Double glazing
                    The tests to be carried out shall be those prescribed in this Annex for each of the panes in the double
                    glazing, with the same frequency and the same requirements.
          3.        FREQUENCY OF TESTS AND RESULTS
          3.1.      Fragmentation
          3.1.1.    Tests
          3.1.1.1. A first series of tests consisting of a break at each impact point specified by this Directive shall be
                    carried out with photographic prints at the beginning of the production of each new type of glass
                    pane to determine the most severe break point.
                   However, for toughened-glass windscreens, this first series of tests shall be carried out only if the
                   annual production of this type of glass pane exceeds 200 units.
          3.1.1.2. During the production run the check test shall normally be carried out using the break point
                   determined as in point 3.1.1.1.
          3.1.1.3. A check test shall be carried out at the beginning of each production run or following a change of
                   colour.
          3.1.1.4. During the production run the check test shall be carried out at the following minimum frequency:
                              Toughened-glass               Toughened-glass panes other           Treated laminated-glass
                                windscreens                      than windscreens                       windscreens
                   — Ps < 200: one break per pro-        — Pr < 500 : one per shift         0 , 1 % per type
                        duction run
                   — Ps > 200: one break every           — Pr > 500: two per shift
                        four hours of production
          3.1.1.5. A check test shall be carried out at the end of the production run on one of the last glass panes
                   manufactured.
          3.1.1.6. For Pr < 20 only one fragmentation test per production run need be carried out.
          3.1.2.    Results
                   All results shall be recorded, including the results without photographic print.
                   In addition, a photographic contact print shall be made once per shift, except for Pr < 500. In this
                   last case only one photographic contact print shall be made per production run.
          3.2.     Headform impact
          3.2.1.    Tests
                   The check shall be carried out on samples corresponding to at least 0,5 % of the daily production of
                   laminated-glass windscreens of one production line. A maximum of 15 windscreens per day shall be
                   tested.
                   The choice of samples shall be representative of the production of the various types of windscreen.
                   Headform tests shall, in any event, be carried out on at least two samples for each thickness class
                   per year.
          3.2.2.    Results
                   All results shall be recorded.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/82                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                           17. 8. 87
          3.3.   Impact of a 227 g ball
          3.3.1.  Tests
                 The test pieces shall be cut from samples. However, for practical reasons, the tests may be carried
                 out on finished products or parts of them.
                 The check shall be carried out on a sampling corresponding to at least 0,5% of the production of
                 one shift with a maximum of 10 samples per day.
          3.3.2.  Results
                 All results shall be recorded.
          3.4.   High temperature
          3.4.1.  Tests
                 The test pieces shall be cut from samples. However, for practical reasons, the tests may be carried
                 out on finished products or parts of them. These shall be selected so that all interlayers are tested
                 proportionately to their use.
                 The check shall be carried out at least on three samples per colour of interlayer taken from the daily
                 production.
          3.4.2.  Results
                 All results shall be recorded.
          3.5.   Light transmission
          3.5.1.  Tests
                 Representative samples of tinted finished products shall be submitted to this test.
                 The check shall be carried out at least at the beginning of every production run if there is any change
                 in the characteristics of the glass pane affecting the results of the test.
                 Glass panes having a regular light transmission measured during type approval of not less than 80%
                 in the case of windscreens and not less than 75 % in the case of glass panes other than windscreens,
                 and glass panes of category V shall be exempted from this test.
                 Alternatively, for toughened glass, a certificate of compliance with the above requirements may be
                 submitted by the glass supplier.
          3.5.2.  Results
                 The value of light transmission shall be recorded. In addition, for windscreens with shade-bands or
                 obscuration bands, it shall be verified, from the drawings referred to in point 3.2.1.2.2.4, that such
                 bands are outside zone V.
          3.6.   Optical distortion and secondary-image separation
          3.6.1.  Tests
                 Every windscreen shall be inspected for visual defects. In addition, using the methods specified or
                 any method giving similar results, measurements shall be made in the various areas of vision at the
                 following minimum frequencies:
                 — either where Ps < 200, one sample per shift,
                 — or where Ps 5= 200, two samples per shift,
                 — or 1 % of the whole production, the samples chosen being representative of all production.
          3.6.2.  Results
                 All the results shall be recorded.
          3.7.   Resistance to abrasion
          3.7.1.  Tests
                 Plastics-faced and glass-plastics panes only shall be submitted to this test. There shall be at least one
                 check per month and per type of plastics material facing or interlayer.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        No C 218/83
          3.7.2.  Results
                 The measurement of the light scatter shall be recorded.
          3.8.   Resistance to humidity
          3.8.1.  Tests
                 Plastics-faced and glass-plastics panes only shall be submitted to this test. There shall be at least one
                 check per month and per type of plastics material facing or interlayer.
          3.8.2.  Results
                 All results shall be recorded.
          3.9.   Resistance to chemicals
          3.9.1.  Tests
                 Plastics-faced and glass-plastics panes only shall be submitted to this test. There shall be at least one
                 check per month and per type of plastics material facing or interlayer.
          3.9.2.  Results
                 All results shall be recorded.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/84                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                        17. 8. 87
                                                          ANNEXE    lll-L
                                                             MODEL
                                                                                       Name of administration
         ANNEX T O THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR IN RESPECT OF THE
                                         WINDSCREEN AND OTHER GLASS PANES
         (Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of the laws of
                  the Member States relating to the type-approval of wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors)
         EEC type-approval N o :                                    Extension N o :
           1. Make of tractor (or business name of manufacturer):
           2. Type and commercial description of tractor:
           3. Name and address of manufacturer:
           4. Name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative (if any):
           5. Description of type of windscreen and other glass panes (toughened, laminated, plastic, glass-plastics,
               flat, curved, etc.):
           6. EEC type-approval number of the windscreen and other panes:
           7. Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval:
           8. Technical service conducting the type-approval tests:
           9. Date of report issued by that service:
          10. Number of report issued by that service:
          11. EEC type-approval for the windscreen and other glass panes is granted/refused (').
          12. Place:
          13. Date:
          14. Signature:
          15. The following documents, bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated above, are annexed to this
               certificate:
                            Dimensional drawings
                            Exploded view or photograph of the windscreen and other glass panes in the tractor cab
               These data are supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States at their specific request.
          16. Remarks:
           (') Delete where inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                   No C 218/85
                                                             ANNEX IV
                                MECHANICAL LINKAGES BETWEEN TRACTOR AND TRAILER
           1.        DEFINITIONS
           1.1.     'Mechanical linkage between tractor and trailer' means the technical unit installed between the
                    tractor and trailer in order to provide the mechanical connection needed to form a tractor/trailer
                    combination. Of the various types of mechanical linkage one draws a distinction between:
                    (a) on  the tractor:
                        —    hook,
                        —    fork,
                        —   swing bar (more commonly known as the draw bar);
                    (b) on the trailer:
                        — ring.
          1.2.      'Height above ground of towing device' means the distance between the horizontal plane containing
                    the reference centre of the towing device and the horizontal plane on which the wheels of the tractor
                    are resting.
           1.3.     'Projection of towing device' means the distance between the reference centre of the towing device
                   and the vertical plane passing through the axle on which the rear wheels of the tractor are mounted.
          2.        SCOPE
                   Since the mechnical linkages between tractor and trailer most usually, and almost entirely, covered
                    by international transactions are the hook, fork and ring, the requirements of this Directive relate
                   solely to such linkages.
          3.        REQUIREMENTS
          3.1.     Hooks, forks and rings are subject to the dimensional and strength requirement set out in points 3.2
                   and 3.3.
          3.2.     Dimensional requirements
          3.2.1.   The dimensional requirements are those set out in the following ISO standards:
          3.2.1.1. ISO 6489/1 — agricultural vehicles — mechanical linkages on towing vehicles — Part 1: hook type
                   — dimensions (first edition — October 1980).
          3.2.1.2. ISO 6458/2 — agricultural vehicles — mechanical linkages on towing vehicles — Part 2: fork type
                   — dimensions (first edition — October 1980).
          3.2.1.3. ISO 5692 — agricultural vehicles — mechanical linkages between vehicles — towing rings —
                   specifications (first edition (February 1979).
          3.2.2.   In addition, the maximum towing height (h) above the ground in relation to the axle spread (I),
                   must be covered by one of the following relationships:
                   — h «£ 0,35 I if Ma =£= 0,35 Mt,
                   — h «S 0,5 I if Ma > 0,35 Mt.
          3.2.3.   The amount by which the towing device projects shall be stated by the manufacturer.
          3.3.     Strength requirements
                   In order to check their strength mechanical linkages shall be submitted to a dynamic test whose
                   method is set out in the appendix.
                   Neither permanent deformation nor breaking shall occur during the test.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/86                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                           17. 8. 87
                                                            Appendix 1
                                                 DYNAMIC TESTING METHOD
          1. Testing method
             This method describes the fatigue test to be used on the complete coupling device, i.e. fitted with all of
             the parts needed for its installation, with the exception of the trailer. All of those parts shall be attached
             to a test assembly in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations in respect of their attachment
             to the trailer.
          2. Test parameter
             The parts of the towing device shall be tested in accordance with the nominal values authorized for the
             horizontal and vertical forces. These forces shall be specified by the manufacturer.
          3. Test procedure
             Forces shall be applied to the device by means of a standard ring complying with standard ISO 5692
             referred to in point 3.2.3 of Annex IV. The test force is obtained by multiplying the horizontal and
             vertical forces referred to in point 2 by 1,3.
             The parts to be tested shall be submitted to sinusoidal stress cycles directed downwards at the rear and
             applied to the normal contact point between the device and ring at values which can be variable between
             the contact force and the test as defined.
             The contact force shall be as low as possible in order to avoid play.
             If dampers are incorporated into those parts they shall be kept in place during the test. Where this is the
             case the test report shall note their behaviour during, before and after the test.
             The frequency of the sinusoidal stresses shall not exceed 35 Hz for a number of cycles equal to 2.106.
             Any fracture, permanent deformation and cracking visible to the naked eye shall be noted after the test.
          4. Tolerances
             The following tolerances shall apply to the measurements carried out during the test:
             — deflection: ± 1 mm,
             — force: ± 1%.
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                   No C 218/87
                                                             Appendix 2
                                                              MODEL
                                                                                        Name of administration
           ANNEX T O THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE IN RESPECT OF
                                         ITS MECHANICAL LINKAGE WITH A TRAILER
          (Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive of74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of the laws
                of the Member States relating to the EEC type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors)
          EEC type-approval N o :
             1. Make of tractor (or business name of manufacturer):
            2. Type and commercial description of tractor:
            3. Name and address of manufacturer:
            4. Name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative (if any):
            5. Description of type of mechanical linkage (hook, fork, three-point attachment, drilled bar, swinging
                bar, etc.):
            6. Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval:
            7. Technical service conducting the type-approval tests:
            8. Date of report issued by that service:
            9. Number of report issued by that service:
          10. EEC type-approval for the mechanical linkage for coupling a trailer is granted/refused ( J ).
          11. Place:
          12. Date:
          13. Signature:
          14. The following documents, bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated above, are annexed to this
                certificate:
                             Dimensional drawings
                             Exploded view or photograph of the type of mechanical linkage
                The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request.
          15. Remarks:
          (') Delete where inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/88                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                      17. 8. 87
                                                             ANNEX V
          LOCATION AND METHOD OF AFFIXING STATUTORY PLATES AND INSCRIPTIONS O N THE
                                                    BODY OF THE TRACTOR
          1.       GENERAL
          1.1.     All agricultural or forestry tractors must be provided with the plate and inscriptions described in
                   the following sections. The plate and inscriptions shall be attached either by the manufacturer or by
                   his authorized representative.
          2.        MANUFACTURER'S PLATE
          2.1.      A manufacturer's plate, modelled on that shown to the appendix hereto, must be firmly attached in
                    a conspicuous and readily accessible position on a part normally not subject to replacement in use.
                    It must show clearly and indelibly the following information in the order listed:
          2.1.1.    Name of manufacturer.
          2.1.2.   Make (if different from name).
          2.1.3.    Address.
          2.1.4.   Type of tractor (and version if necessary).
          2.1.5.   EEC type-approval number.
                   This number is composed of a small letter V followed in the order given, by the distinguishing
                   number or letters of the country which granted the EEC type-approval:
                      1   for the Federal Republic of Germany
                      2   for France
                     3    for Italy
                     4    for the Netherlands
                      6   for Belgium
                      9   for Spain
                    11    for the United Kingdom
                    13    for Luxembourg
                    18    for Denmark
                   21     for Portugal
                   1RL    for Ireland
                   EL     for Greece
                   and by the type-approval certificate for the type of vehicle.
          2.1.6.   Tractor identification number.
          2.1.7.   Kerb weight.
          2.1.8.   Maximum permitted laden weight of the tractor, given in detail depending on the possible types of
                   tyre which may be fitted.
          2.1.9.   Maximum permitted laden weight for the combination, where the tractor is used with an agricultural
                   trailer, a distinction being drawn between:
          2.1.9.1. A trailer without a braking system.
          2.1.9.2. A trailer with a mechanical braking system.
          2.1.9.3. A trailer with an assisted braking system.
          2.2.     The manufacturer may give additional information below or to the side of the prescribed inscriptions,
                   outside a clearly market rectangle enclosing only the information prescribed in points 2.1.1 to 2.1.9
                    (see example of manufacturer's plate below).
 ---pagebreak---                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                      No C 218/89
3.       TRACTOR IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
         The tractor identification number is a fixed combination of characters assigned to each tractor by
         the manufacturer. Its purpose is to ensure that every tractor can be clearly identified over a period
         of 30 years through the intermediary of the manufacturer, without a need for reference following
         requirements.
3.1.     It must be marked on the manufacturer's plate, and also on the chassis, or other similar structure.
3.1.1.   It must wherever possible be entered on a single line.
4.       CHARACTERS
4.1.     Roman letters and arabic numberals must be used for all of the markings provided for in points 2
         and 3. However, the roman letters used in the markings provide for in points 2.1.1 and 2.1.3 and in
         point 3 must be in capital letters.
4.2.     For the tractor identification number:
4.2.1.   Use of the letters I, O and Q and dashes, asterisks and other special signs is not permitted.
4.2.2.   The minimum height of the letters and figures should be as follows:
4.2.2.1. 7 mm for characters marked directly on the chassis, frame or other similar structure of the tractor,
4.2.2.2. 4 mm for characters marked on the manufacturer's plate.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/90                             Official Journal of the European Communities                              17. 8. 87
                                                   Example of manufacturer's plate
          The following example in no way prejudices the data which may actually be entered on the manufacturer's
          plate: it is given solely for information purposes:
                                                     BRAUN TAKTOR WERKE
                                                               MAJOR
                                                            Lyoner Strasse
                                                      AACHEN — Deutschland
                                                              e * 1 * 1792
                                                              Type: 190 E
                                                         Number: AE 7954 W
                                                        Kerb weight: 2 350 kg
                                               Tyres             X         X      X
                                             MPLW              4 250    3 840   3 650
                                    GTR:
                                    — unbraked trailer: 3 350 kg
                                    — trailer with a mechanical braking system: 8 350 kg
                                    — trailer with an assisted braking system: 11 450 kg
 ---pagebreak--- 17. 8. 87                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                  No C 218/91
                                                             Appendix
                                                              MODEL
                                                                                      Name of administration
          ANNEX T O THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD
          T O THE POSITION AND THE METHOD OF AFFIXING STATUTORY PLATES AND INSCRIPTIONS
                                               ON THE BODY OF THE TRACTOR
          (Articles 4 (2) and 10 of Council Directive 74/ISO/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the approximation of the laws of
                 the Member States relating to the EEC type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors)
          EEC type-approval No:
            1. Make of tractor (or business name of manufacturer):
           2. Type and commercial description of tractor:
           3. Name and address of manufacture:
           4. Name and address of manufacturer's authorized representative (if any):
           5. Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval:
           6. Technical service conducting the type-approval tests:
           7. Date of report issued by that service:
           8. Number of report issued by that service:
           9. EEC type-approval for the location and method of affixing statutory plates and inscriptions on the body
               of the tractor is granted/refused (').
          10. Place:
          11. Date:
          12. Signature:
           (') Delete where inapplicable.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 218/92                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                  17. 8. 87
          13. The following documents, bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated above, are annexed to this
              certificate:
                           Dimensional drawings
                           Exploded view or photograph of the location and method of affixing statutory plates and
                           inscriptions on the body of the tractor
              The date must be supplied at the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request.
          14. Remarks:
                                                                            /