CELEX: 51992PC0281
Language: en
Date: 1992-06-29
Title: Proposal for a COUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) laying down, in respect of hops, the amount of aid to producers for the 1991 harvest

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMVÏUNITIES
                                       COM (92)281 final
                                       Brussels, 29 June 1 99 2
                            Proposal for a
                       COUNCIL REGULATION (EEC)
   laying down, In respect of hops, the amount of aid to producers
                         for the 1991 harvest
                     (presented by the Commission)
               REPORT OF THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL
               on the production and marketing of hops
                             (1991 harvest)
 ---pagebreak---                                                               (PCUL/EN/1270)
                              EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM
It is proposed that on the basis of the attached Commission report on the
production and marketing of hops for the 1991 harvest the Council adopt the
proposal for a Régulât ion setting aid to hop producers for the 1991 harvest at
the fol lowing levels:
  aromat ic var iet ies          ECU 340/hectare
  bitter varieties               ECU 340/hectare
  other varieties                ECU 340/hectare
  experimental varieties         ECU 340/hectare
This proposal means a status quo in the average level of aid to producers as
compared with the 1990 harvest. Since the average grower's returns per hectare
decreased by 0.58% over the previous year (the average return per hectare in full
production being ECU 5.618/ha) whereas production costs went up by 0.63% (the
average production cost being ECU 7.809/ha), the maintenance of the level of aid
appears to be Justified.
According to the wishes repeatedly expressed by some Member States in the annual
Council negotiations, it is proposed to have - as for the 1990 harvest - a single
amount of aid applicable to all variety groups, including experimental strains.
Fixing the amount of aid at ECU 340/ha slightly favours the aromatic varieties
compared to the other varieties. This is in line with the general policy
orientation for the sector.
The cost of the proposal to the EAGGF, Guarantee Section, is estimated at
ECU 9.71 mi I I ion.
                                                                                 2
 ---pagebreak---                                                                (PCUL/EN/1276)
                                    Proposal for a
                         COUNCIL REGULATION (EEC) No     /
                                          of
           aying down, in respect of hops, the amount of aid to producers
                                 for the 1991 harvest
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,
Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 of 26 July 1971 on the
common organization of the market in hops^ 1 ), as last amended by Regulation
(EEC) No 2780/90 (2 ), and in particular Article 12(7) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Par Iiament^3),
Whereas Article 12 of Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 provides that aid may be
granted to hop producers to enable them to achieve a fair income; whereas the
amount of this aid is fixed per hectare and differs according to varieties,
taking into account the average return on the areas in full production compared
with the average returns for previous harvests, the current position of the
market and trends in costs;
Whereas Article 12a of the same Regulation provides that aid to producers may
also be granted for areas cultivated with experimental strains in order to
facilitate the development of new varieties,
Whereas an examination of the results of the 1990 harvest shows the need to fix
aid for groups of varieties of hops cultivated in the Community; whereas aid to
producers shall also be granted for areas cultivated with experimental strains;
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
 (1) OJ No L 175, 4.8.1971, p. 1.
 (2) OJ No L 265, 28.9.1990, p. 1
 (3) OJ No C
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 2 -                    (PCUL/EN/1276)
                                    Article 1
1.  For the 1991 harvest, aid shall be granted to the producers of hops
    cultivated in the Community for the groups of varieties set out in the Annex
    as well as for experimental strains.
2.  The amount of the aid shall be as set out in the Annex.
                                    Article 2
This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its publication
in the Official Journal of the European Communities.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all
Member States.
Done at Brussels,                                For the Council
                                                 The President
 ---pagebreak---                   - 3 -                   (PCUL/EN/1276)
                ANNEX
Aid to hop producers for the 1991 harvest
Group of varieties    Aid amount (ECU/ha)
Aromatic                     340
Bitter                       340
Other                        340
Experimental strains         340
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                          (PCUL/EN/1278)
     FINANCIAL                      STATEMENT
                                                                      DATE: 20 May 1992
1. BUDGET HEADING: 181                                                APPROPRIATIONS: ECU 13 mi 11 ion
2. TITLE: Proposal for a Council Regulation (EEC) laying down in respect of hops the amount of aid to
           producers for the 1991 harvest.
3. LEGAL BASIS: Article 43 of the EEC Treaty
4. AIMS OF PROJECT: To fix aid to producers for certain groups of hops varieties in the 1991 harvest
                                   Period of 12 months   Current Financial Year     Following Financial Year
5. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS                                        1992                         1993
5.0 EXPENDITURE
     - CHARGED TO THE EC BUDGET            11,10                 11.10                          p.m.
     - (REFUNDS/INTERVENTION)
     - NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION
     -OTHER
5.1 REVENUE
     - OWN RESOURCES OF THE EC
       (LEVIES/CUSTOMS DUTIES)
     - NATIONAL
                                        1994                 1995                1996                1997
5.0.1 ESTIMATED EXPENDITURE
5.1*.1 ESTIMATED REVENUE
5.2 METHOD OF CALCULATION: Aromatic varieties: 15 044 ha x ECU 340/ha - ECU 5,1 million
                            Bitter varieties: 12 826 ha x ECU 340/ha - ECU 4,4 mi 11 ion
                            Other varieties:       679 ha x ECU 340/ha - ECU 0,2 mi 11 ion
                                                28 549 ha                  ECU 9,7 mi 11 ion (A)
                            ECU 9,7 (A) x 1,145 (DR) - ECU 11,10 mi 11 ion (B)
6.0 CAN THE PROJECT BE FINANCED FROM APPROPRIATIONS ENTERED IN THE RELEVANT CHAPTER OF THE CURRENT BUDGET?
                                                                                                         YES
6.1 CAN THE PROJECT BE FINANCED BY TRANSFER BETWEEN CHAPTERS OF THE CURRENT BUDGET?
6.2 IS A SUPPLEMENTARY BUDGET NECESSARY?
6.3 WILL FUTURE BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS BE NECESSARY?
                                                                                                         YES
OBSERVATIONS:
                                                                                                             G
 ---pagebreak--- REPORT OF THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL
on the production and marketing of hops
             (1991 harvest)
                                        >
 ---pagebreak---                                SUMMARY
   Titles
1. Introduction                                   1
2. 1991 harvest                                   1
   2.1.    World situation                        1
   2.1.1.  Production                             1
   2.1.2. Market trends                           2
   2.2.    Community                              2
   2.2.1.  Production structure                   2
   2.2.2.  Production                             3
   2.2.3.  Sales and prices                       4
   2.2.4.  Returns                                7
   2.2.5.  Costs                                  9
3. The common organization of the market In hops 11
    3.1.   Community policy on the nop market    11
    3.2.   Aid for varietal conversion           12
4. Conclusions                                   14
 ---pagebreak---                                                        (PCUL/EN/1139)
1.   Introduction
Article 11 of Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71 requires the Commission to
present to the Council an annual report on the production and marketing
of hops. The purpose of this report is to provide information on
trends in production, prices and demand.
This report» which is the 21st annual report presented by the
Commission, outlines the main events in the 1991 harvest year.
The Commission proposes that hop producers should once more be granted
aid to supplement their Incomes.
2. 1991 Harvest
2.1. Wprld situation
2.1.1. Product ion
At a total of 93,272 ha worldwide, the area under hops in 1991 has
 increased compared to 1990 (see Annex, Table 1 ) . However, In practice
 it is not possible to establish the exact size of this area, since for
a number of major hop producing countries such as the CIS, China or
Romania, only estimated figures are available. These countries are
politically so closed off that no reliable figures can reach the
outside or no data are available as a result of the lack of internal
stat ist ics.
With few exceptions, the area under hops increased or remained stable
 in all producer countries. However, a big increase (1,655 ha) was
noticed in the USA which corresponds to 11.53% more than in 1990.
Although not very significant in absolute terms, areas in Portugal and
 Ireland decreased by 30% and 50% respectively.
Among the members of the IHGC (International Hop Growers Convention)
 slight decreases were noticed in Poland, Hungary and Bulgaria. It
 seems that Romania also decreased the hop area by 150 ha.
 ---pagebreak---                                                          (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                     ~ 2 -
It should bo mentioned thst Table 1 of the Annex looses a bit different
from the corresponding Tab!a 1 of the report relating to th 19S0
iiarvesi.   Indeed, two big hop producing countries arg now in-^tit ioncri
separately, i.e. Slovsnia (separately from Yugoslavia) and the Ukraine
(separately from the CIS). These two countries are now full Members of
the i.H.G.C.    On the contrary, figures for sx-QDR (German Democratic
Republic) are now included in the figures for Gern<.-r.y. For the firs"
time, figures arc now available for New Zealand.
At about 2,520,357 ztr , the 1991 harvest was 15% (329,38<"* ztr) higher
than the 1990 harvest and also higher by 5.48% than the average
calculates for trie past twenty years (see Annex, Table 5 ) . The alpha
acid production was high and well above the long-term average
(8,746 tonnes compared to the average of 7,357 tonnes, which Is 18.88%
higher) at 6.94% aiph* acid. The Community Member States' production
of alpha acid rose by more than 50% compared to 1990 and represents
more than one third of the world production.
The beer output tendency is characterized by a worldwide zero growth
 (the maximum possible increase being 0.5%) and is around 1,145 to 1,150
million h! (see Annex, Table 6 ) . To reach this output, t.ha amount of
alpha acid needed would be between 7 5 78S tonnes and 7,820 tonnes
respectively (average 7,800 tonnes) fer a hopping rate of 6.3 g. alpha
acid per hi. This would mean that for it\e first time since 1987, trere
s.re enough hops on the market for the beer production worldvide and
that there will be a surplus production of about 1,000 tonnes of alpha
acid.
2.1.2. Market trends
 In the light of the previous consideration, it Is obvious that the
marketing year 1991/1992 was extremely quiet.
Contract prices and spot prices on the German market were very near to
the long term averages; prices on the USA market went up by 20%
compared to the long-term average.
2-2. Commun11y
2.2.1. Production structure
Ac in the agricultural sector in general, structural change in hop
growing continued- At present, 6,250 farms in the Community produce
 hops (see Table 1 ) , I.e. about 4.46% down on 1990. Over the sam©
period, the average size of the area under hops per farm Increased from
4.0 ha to 5.27 ha.
                                                                           X'-f
 ---pagebreak---                                                        (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                   - 3 -
                                 TABLE 1
         Number and size of hop-growIno farms In the Community
                     Number of     Total area       Area under hops
                       farms       under hops (ha)   per farm (ha)
  Germany              3,943        22.567.00             5.72
  France                 163           581.82             3.57
  Belgium                107           388.50             3.63
  United                 242         3.571.44            14.76
  Kingdom
  Ireland                  2             11.46            5.73
  Spain                1,759         1,347.00             0.77
  Portugal                34             91.10            2.68
  EEC                  6,250        28,560.17             5.27
2.2.2 Product Ion
At a total of 28,560.17 ha, the area under hops in the Community in
1991 was 2,613.71 ha (10%) higher than in 1990 (see Annex, Table 1).
This increase is mainly due to the inclusion of the figures relating to
the former German Democratic Republic. However, the area in West
Germany has again increased, as was the case in all previous years, but
this time the increase is hidden behind the inclusion of the ex-GDR.
Slight decreases in production areas were noticed in Spain, Portugal
and Ireland and slight increases in France, Belgium and the United
KIngdom.
Although the prices paid to the producers are better, the area covered
by aromatic varieties increased only slightly In the Community as
compared with 1990; this is partly due to the fact that the varieties
under production in the former G0R are mainly classified as bitter
varieties.    Aromatic varieties are now grown on 53% of the area under
hops, the variety most represented still being the Hersbrucker (48.58%
of the area covered by aromatic varieties).    As already mentioned in
the previous report, this level still represents a considerable
potential risk as the hop market depends heavily on the varietal policy
of a small number of large breweries.
 ---pagebreak---                                                        (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                   _ 4 »
The proportion of the area given over to bitter varieties rose from 41%
to 45% in 1991, mainly because of an important area increase of the
Northern Brewer variety (about 1,650 ha due to the annexation of DDR)
and the Target variety (about 400 ha).    In the United Kingdom, there
was an increase of about 300 ha of this latter variety, the reason
being that Target is a super alpha variety-, yields and prices are good
and conversion towards it is fully in line with market trends.     In
Spain and Portugal there are slight decreases. The decrease in
Portugal is taking place because of varietal conversion; the area has
been grubbed but not yet replanted. The Bullion variety which was
previously cultivated in the Community, and then phased out, reappeared
again with the annexation of GDR (where about 170 ha are covered). As
regards the other varieties, it should be noted that the area covered
has doubled compared to the 1990 harvest, mostly due to the annexation
of the GDR.
 In terms of quantity, the 1991 harvest was much better than the 1990
one and reached the figure of 916,873 zentners, the average yield per
ha being 32.12 zentner. This figure is very close to that of 1981
which was considered a very good harvest, although at that time Spain,
Portugal and ex-GDR were not part of the Community.    The quality of
the production is very good, with good alpha acid levels, the Community
average for the three groups of varieties being 6.78% alpha which Is
above the long-term average and which gives an equivalent of 3,111
million kg of alpha acids for the beer production in 1992 and an alpha
output per ha of 108.94 kg/ha.
2.2.3. Sales and prices
For the first time for more than a decade, average prices of hops sold
under contract and hops sold without contracts (spot) are very close
 (166.85 ECU/zentner under contract and 165.08 ECU/zentner for spot
sales.
About one quarter of the 1991 harvest was sold without contract (see
Annex, Table 8 ) . The figures for 1991 show a drastic decrease in the
prices of hops sold on the free market; In Germany, France and Belgium
 these prices dropped by half compared with the prices paid for the 1990
 harvest.
 For sales under contract, prices do not show such big variations which
 is explained within the context of forward contracts.
                                                                         ,"*>
 ---pagebreak---                                                        (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                   - 5 -
Most of the varieties which obtained the best prices (considerably
above the EEC average, some of them by about 30%) - both under contract
and for spot sales - are to be found in the group of aromatic
varieties. It should be noted that the high quality Tettnanger, Spa It
and Saaz varieties have maintained a high price level over the past few
years. This indicates that brewers - although becoming more flexible
in terms of varieties - are still not indifferent to the variety
question. The Perle variety has become very popular with many brewers
as an alternative to Hersbrucker since it Is more reliable in alpha
acid. Perle is one of the few varieties whose spot price is well above
the contract price.
The price situation in the UK was very favourable this year compared
with the other Member States and also in comparison with the previous
year. Spot prices are still at an attractive level whereas contract
prices have improved over those for 1990, basically because Target
which is about to become the leading variety in the UK has been much
sought after due to its good quality.
Out of the 916,873 zentner produced in 1991, 1,774 zentner were not
sold, which represents 0.19%. The majority of these quantities are
 located in the United Kingdom for varieties which have higher than
average contract prices and sometimes spot prices too.
The 1991 campaign was characterized by a very quiet market; the prices
remained rather stable up to the end and when they increased there was
no real impact on the returns because most of the production had
already been sold.
 In fact it was expected that demand would have been higher than the
production, as it is known statistically there Is a shortage of hops
for beer production. This should have given rise to higher prices but
this was not the case as the breweries became more and more flexible
with regard to the varieties to be used and their origins - technicians
being able to change the hopping rate (quantities of hops needed) and
the cooking processes according to the new needs. For instance, at the
end of the campaign the prices paid for the Hallertauer variety varied
between DM 300 and DM 400/ztr (ECU 127 - ECU 170) for spot prices and
between DM 400 and DM 420/ztr (ECU 170 - ECU 178) for contract prices.
On the other hand, brewers are no longer interested in building up
 large stocks as they know there are always hops to be found on the
market. Therefore demand and supply seemed to be in equilibrium.
However, it is difficult to make forecasts about the quantity of acid
needed by the breweries as they always keep some confidentiality about
 these figures.
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 6 -
TABLE 2: Average prices for selected hop varieties In
          Germany, 1983-1995
                                                 Prices in ECU/Ztr
                Hal 1er-    Tettnan- Hers-   Northern   Brewer's
                 tauer      ger      brucker Brewer     Gold
  Spot market
   1983          125.27     198.84     67.61 104.19      69.20
   1984          111.21     161.06     78.24  69.93      43.10
   1985          194.96     207.53   126.20  102.72      45.70
   1986          129.26     138.17     94.94  62.88      24.45
   1987          220.35     228.09   209.15   76.55      54.50
   1988          227.86     230.82   216.85  142.73      93.18
   1989          218.54     231.25   173.65  127.48      88.09
   1990          555.18     637.16   425.20  576.85     427.33
   1991          209.41     223.86   146.55  173.31     126.58
   Contract m a r k e t ^ )
   1983          178.16     212.72    166.23 151.12     142.37
   1984          181.88     218.52    164.87 154.13     144.78
   1985          191.60     288.92    168.96 161.41     147.58
   1986          196.39     226.33    170.17 171.77     144.62
   1987          195.37     220.11    169.38 169.80     137.94
   1988          200.33     223.20    170.68 168.54     126.64
   1989          199.91     220.66    168.57 160.09     116.89
   1990          205.59     221.31    167.36 161.42     116.81
   1991          208.57     222.58    160.14 159.72     108.74
   Forward contracts
   1992          172.88     222.16    155.47 155.89     112.57
   1993          174.58     222.58    153.34 152.92     116.81
   1994          177.13     222.58    153.34 155.47     117.66
   1995          172.88     222.58    153.77 156.32     120.21
 (1) The prices shown are the average prices specified in contracts
     signed in previous years for the relevant harvest.
                                                                    /\ 4
 ---pagebreak---                                                                (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                          - 7 -
2.2.4. Returns
Returns in 1991 were very similar to those of 1990. Only a very small
decrease of 0.58% was noticed, the average return per hectare in full
production being 5,618 ECU in 1991, compared to 5,651 ECU in 1990.
In fact, 1990 cannot be considered         as a reference year as returns were
abnormally high - at least in some         Member States - due to the very high
spot prices. In 1991 the level of          returns was the same but for another
reason, i.e. the high level of the         quantity harvested.
Figures for 1991 are coming back to "normality", with the exception of
Portugal where the figures are very low and the United Kingdom where
the figures are relatively high (see Table 3 ) . In Portugal, the total
production was sold at a very low spot price i.e. one third of the
average price for the bitter varieties.
At Community level returns are the highest for the aromatic varieties
at 5,854 ECU/ha in full production, which is an increase of 3.37%
compared with the previous harvest.           The biggest increase was noticed
 in the United Kingdom (+ 28.4%), the varieties which did best being the
Bramling Cross, Goldings and Progress varieties (see Annex, Table 9) .
Heavy decreases in returns were noticed for the aromatic varieties in
France (- 2 5 % ) , the reason being that for the Strisselspalt variety,
which is the principal variety in France, prices were somewhat lower
and yields dropped by about 6 ztr/ha which is equal to one fifth.               The
decrease in Belgium was even worse (- 57%) because large parts of the
production were sold without contracts at prices which were well below
the Community average for these varieties (173.89 ECU/ztr).
The returns for the bitter varieties decreased by 229 ECU/ha which is
4.06 less than in 1990. The biggest decreases were noticed in France
(- 3 5 % ) , Belgium (- 4 1 % ) , Ireland (- 32%) and Portugal (- 4 8 % ) . The
privileged position of the United Kingdom in terms of returns for the
bitter varieties (+ 29% compared to 1990) comes from the super alpha
Target variety which seems to be a winner on the market.
For the other varieties, mostly located in Germany, returns decreased
by more than a third (- 36.96%) due, on the one hand, to very bad
yields (11.98 ztr/ha) and on the other hand to the fact that more than
half of the varieties (462 ha compared to 679 ha) are experimental
varieties from which one cannot expect full productivity and
accordingly good prices.
This has only a negligible effect on the overall average level of
returns to producers as a result of the small area involved.
                                                                                    />
 ---pagebreak---                                                             - 8-
TABLE 3; Return on oreoe In full production. In ECU/ha     (D
By vorloty group
                  1966      1987        1988      1989   1990     1991  1991/90 (X)
AromatIc          9 402      9 428      9 986    9 962   9 663    9 894   3.37
Bitter            4 410      4 727      4 491    4 633   9 644    9 419  -4.06
Other*            3 462      4 439      4 196    4 093   9 369    3 382 -36.96
By country
                  1986       1987        1988     1989   1990     1991  1991/90 (X)
 Germany          9 201      9 393      9 238     9 307  9 616    5 456  -2.89
 Franc*           4 688      4 674      6 170     9 972  7 490    9 912 -26.01
 BeI gI urn       2 189      4 199      4 368     3 995 11 158    9 931 -46.85
 United kingdom   4 292      4 695      5 001     4 977  5 615    7 212  28.44
 Ireland           1 691     4 916      9 943     9 283 10 817    7 901 -26.96
 Spain            3 406      3 122       3 173    4 473  4 456    4 441  -0.34
 Portugal         9 231      4 763       2 452    4 329  3 322    1 719 -48.37
 By country ond by variety group (1991) (2)
                  Aromatic               Bitter          Othere
 Germany           3 721    (3.47)       9 160 (-10.68)  3 287 (-41.71)
 France           9 637 (-29.44)         4 727 (-39.44)
 Be I g I urn      9 049 (-97.21)        6 460 (-41.79)  4 332 (-38.01)
 United Kingdom    7 395   (25.72)       7 136  (29.89)  9 972 (103.80)
  Ireland                                7 901 (-33.76)
 Spain             1 949   (18.89)       4 443 (-0.38)
 Portugal                                1 713 (-48.93)
          (1) Areas newly planted in 1991 and 1990 were assumed to give 40% and
              65% r e s p e c t i v e l y of the r e t u r n from areas in f u l l p r o d u c t i o n .
          (2) The f i g u r e s in brackets show the percentage change from 1990.
                                                                                                         1*
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                            (FCUL/EM/1139)
                                                            - 9 -
2.2,5. production costs
The av«!"£{3-3 ir.crassv. i n hop prouu.cx lor- c o s t s wafr Q.£3r ee:-?' "c-d w K N
t h e iS?3 h a r v e s t ( s ^ a T£i--!c- 4 ) , v*n i oft -!«;•,•.;-;;- t h a t - r c d s c t • ?"••• ?:-•••; tz ~v-
v e r y s mllzr        t o the ^ c s y l ^ i , c=;-?r>£j £,;-,.
S H g f i i ; o6Q"s:::.£?£ I X ? Q re-" !:•••* ^rL" J fo~ -;.* s r ^ s ;.:r:d G-?""^2f!-" " " •:•" ' -'>?K
 Sncr5i.^5S •'.fe< '; r^rM-:;iersr ; 'for u;c- o'!v<r :-e*i-x-r Staves v>: . :. v-
except ior* oi' S;?:.if: (+7.0'<>••) and Portuo?-- { T I ' I . I I ^ ) .                ":'    hs •.,>- i:.
p r e o p t i o n cozi k.'v8i Iff t;-iS Co.yv«imity w?:s in t h e Mm n; ••••• y i ^.ky^ r\
ECU s t 7 i S / h t s ar ¥;&£-. p r s v ' t ' . u ^ i y t h s c^ss tii!£ t c thr- fsct. t h ••: zzltf.
 labour had t o be r e c r u i t s ,
P r o d u c t i o n c & £ t s i n Spain enc P o r t u g a l a r e s t i l l f a r bsfow the?
Community average o f ECU 7 , 8 0 9 / h a (58.62:% and 60.14%, r e s p e c t i v e l y ) .
 ---pagebreak---                                                   (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                 - 10 -
TABLE 4 : Production costs per hectare (in ECU)
                        1990            1991    change on 1990 (%)
  Germany               7 742           7 722             0.25
  France                6 608           6 597            -0.16
  Belgium               8 898           9 123             2.52
  United Kingdom        9 511           9 716             2.16
   Ireland              6 742           7 066             4.79
  Spain                 4 277           4 578             7.03
  Portugal              4 227           4 696            11.11
  EEC                   7 760                             0.63
                                                                   ^i
 ---pagebreak---                                                        (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                  - 11 -
3.  The common organization of the market in hops
3.1 Community policy on the hop market
    In 1971 a common organization of the market in hops was established
    by Regulation (EEC) No 1696/71. The aim was to improve product
    quality and safeguard the livelihood of hop growers. Since no
    special arrangements were made for external trade or intervention
    quite deliberately when the market organization was set up, the
    Community hop sector Is highly exposed to competition on the world
    market.
    The essential aspects of the basic Regulation, which were dealt
    with in greater detail by subsequent, more specific Council and
    Commission regulations, comprises rules for the marketing of hops
    via a certification procedure and a forward contract system, for
    the recognition and promotion of producer groups, and for trade
    with non-EEC countries. The Regulation also lays down aid
    arrangements for Community-grown hops.
    The Community has two main financial responsibilities in this
    sector. Firstly, frequent use is made of the arrangements whereby
    aid per hectare is granted to producers with unsatisfactory
    returns. For the 1990 harvest year, aid per hectare was granted at
    a rate of ECU 340 for aromatic varieties, for bitter varieties and
    for other varieties. Secondly, special aid is granted under
    Regulation (EEC) No 2997/87 to encourage growers to convert to
    varieties more suited to market requirements (see also point 3.2).
    In addition the Community makes a contribution towards the
    promotion of newly founded producer groups at the Initial state
    provided national aid is also granted for this. However, this
    measure is now of little significance since - with the exception of
    the territory of the former GDR - almost all hop growers In the
    Community now belong to a recognized producer group. Of course
    this does not exclude the possibility of new groups being founded
    from time to time in the future as a result of restructuring and
    reorganizat ion.
 ---pagebreak---                                                        (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                  - 12 -
3.2 Aid for varietal conversion
    The long-standing imbalance between supply and demand for most
    bitter varieties and the resultant problems for hop growers in
    certain areas of the Community led the Council to adopt special
    measures for the hop sector in 1987.
    Regulation (EEC) No 2997/87 introduced special aid amounting to ECU
    2 500/ha - subject to a max Imum area of 800 ha per Member State -
    to be granted to recognized producer groups who undertake to
     implement a plan to convert areas under bitter varieties to
    aromatic or super-alpha varieties.
     In June 1989 the Council adopted Regulation (EEC) No 1809/89
    amending Regulation (EEC) No 2997/87 with a view to extending the
    number of growers qualifying for aid under the varietal conversion
    programme. The amended criteria now allow special aid to be
    granted throughout the Community and not Just In certain areas, as
    was originally provided for. A further restriction laying down
    that producer groups could take part in the conversion programme
    only if their total area did not increase in the period 1986 to
    1988 was also lifted. The extension of the duration of the
    programme from 31 December 1990 as originally provided for to the
    end of 1992 gives the producer groups more time to implement their
    conversion plans.
    A further change was introduced by Regulation (EEC) No 3837/90,
    extending the time limit for implementation of the conversion
    programme in the case of Spain by a further two years, I.e. up to
     the end of 1994. This amendment became necessary when many hop
    growers, whose land at the time was Involved in a reparcelIing
    project, made It known that they were prepared to take part in the
    varietal conversion programme. However, both measures. I.e.
     reparcelIing and subsequent varietal conversion, cannot be carried
    out In the time previously provided for.
 ---pagebreak---                                                          (PCUL/EN/1139)
                                    - 13 -
     The Community varietal conversion programme has been very well
     received by hop growers. All hop-growing Member States are taking
     advantage of it with the exception of Ireland. Some of the
     varietal conversion programmes submitted have been revised several
     times, above all to comply with requests for further areas to be
     included (see Table 5 ) .
     In the main, the programmes submitted by the Individual Member
     States provide for the grubbing up of the traditional bitter
     varieties Brewer's Gold and Northern Brewer, which are finding It
     Increasingly difficult to compete with the American super-alpha
     varieties on the world market.
TABLE 5: Varietal conversion programmes submitted by the Member States
          under Regulation (EEC) No 2997/87
                                Type of variety to which conversion     j
                                          is to be made
                             Aromatic       Super-a 1pha  i     Total   !
 ! Germany                     567               233             800    {
 ! France                      125                45      !       170   i
 ! Belgium                      48               168             216    ;
;  United Kingdom              139               648             787    |
 i Spain                        31               586             617    |
i  Portugal                                      166             166    :
! Community                    910             1 846           2 756    |
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 14 -
4. Conclusions
   In view of the above analysis of the present state of the Community
   hop market, the Commission proposes that income aid be granted to
   growers in respect of the 1991 harvest.
   This proposal means a status quo in the average level of aid to
   producers as compared with the 1990 harvest.
   In addition, pursuant to Article 12a of Regulation (EEC)
   No 1696/71, the Commission proposes that aid be granted also for
   areas given over to experimental varieties at the same rate as that
   planted with "other" varieties.
   The possibility of granting aid to producers for experimental
   varieties was introduced in 1990 when the Council adopted
   Regulation (EEC) No 2780/90. This applies to areas farmed by hop
   growers on which experimental varieties are cultivated In
   cooperation with a research institute. The objective of this
   Regulation Is to promote the breeding of new varieties, which must
   be carried out continuously in order to maintain the
   competitiveness of hop growing in the Community.
                                                                       9
                                                                         1
 ---pagebreak---                                                   (PCUL/EN/1138)
                              - 15 -
The Commission proposes the following rates of aid:
Variety group                      Aid (ECU/ha)
Aromatic varieties                    340
Bitter varieties                      340
Other varieties                       340
This proposal would mean a status quo In the average rate of aid to
ECU 340/ha, compared to 1990. The cost of this proposal to the
EAGGF Guarantee Section is estimated at ECU 9.71 million.
 ---pagebreak---     Toble 1: AREA UNDER HOPS. PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1990                                  (PCUL/EN/1129/1)
                                                       lib          III        IV         V         VI     VII      VIII         IX           X    :
    :         I                 II          Ho
                                                      Area     : Product. :   Yield   : Product.  Percent Yield  Beer prod.: Forecast       Area
           Country            Area        Area
                                                       ha           Ztr       t/ha      Alpha t    Alpha  Alpha     m hi       Area        Change
                               ha           ha
                                                                                                          kg/ha                 ha            ha   :
                              1991     • (+/-)
                                         1991-90     1991-82       1990                                             1991      1992         1992-91
                             22 567        2 454      2 582        727 891     1.61   . 2 296.1       6,3  101.8     118.0    22 656            89
    :  Germany
                                 584          53       -166          14 692    1,26          30.0     4.1   51.4      21.4        647           63
    :  France
    :  Belgium                   389          20       -471          12 627    1,63          50,4     8.0  129.8      14,1        439           51 :
    :  United Kingdom         3 571          186      2 300        120 006     1,68        553.5      9.2  155.0      60,8     3 426         -145
    :  Spain                  1 347          -65       -656         38 410     1.43         169.0     8.8  125.5      27.3     1 370            23 :
    :  Portugal                   91         -34        -99           3 247    1.78          10.1     6.2  110.5       6.9        125           34
    :  Ireland                    11         -64        -64             358    1,56           2.0    11.3  176.5       6.5         11            0 :
    : EEC-12                 28 580        2 608     -1 173        917 231     1,61      3 111.4      6.8  108.9     298,9    28 674           114
    :  United Stotee         16 007        1 655       -874        627 368     1,96      2 847.0      9.2  180.3     239.0    16 614           607
    :  Australia              1 125           40       -253         41 950     1.86        238.8     11.4  212,5      19,0     1 085            40
    :  New Zealand               216           6        216           9 089    2.10          56.3    12.4  260.9       3.9        214           -2 :
    :  Yugoslavia (1)            621     -2 554      -2 730          17 780    1.43          41.3     4.6   66.5      13.5        625            4
    :  CSFR                  11 580         -270        179        220 140     0.95        451.3      4.1   39.0      23,5    11 600            20
    :  GDR                         0     -2 286      -2 210
    :  Ukraine                7 300        7 300      7 300        121 120     0.83        421.8      3.5   29.0      14.0     7 300             0 :
    :  Poland                 2 225          -32       -277         52 615     1.18         149.5     5.7   67.2      12.0     2 262            37 :
    :  Hungary                   371         -11       -189          10 894    1.47          28.6     5,3   77.1       9.8        360          -11 :
    :  Bulgaria                  913         -20       -229          17 250    0.94          52.1     6.1   57.6       5.5     1 013           100
    :  Slovenia               2 429        2 429      2 429         75 620     1.56        214.5      5.7   88.7       (3)     2 455            26
    : Total IHB (-CEC)       42 787        6 257      3 004      1 193 826     1.40      4 501.2      7.5  105.2     340.2    43 528           741
    : Total IHB (4£EC)       71 347       8 865       1 831     2 111 057      1.48      7 612.6      7.2  106.7     639.1    72 202           855 :
    :  Japan                     825         -20       -283         32  000    1.94            96     6.0  116.4      68.1        820           -5 :
    :  ox-USSR (2)            7  500     -7 500      -7 000   •     55  000    0.37            96     3.5   12.8      36.0     7  200        -300
    :  Ramonia                2  200        -150        400         35  000    0.80            79     4.5   35.8      11.0     2  000        -200
    :  P.R. of China          7  500           0           0       220  000    1.47 «         660     6.0   88.0      70,0     7  500            0 :
    :  North Korea            2  000           0      1 500         24  000 .  0.60            72     6.0   36.0       1.0     2  000            0 :
    :  "Others"               1  900           0       -300   •     43  300    1.14  :        130     6.0   68.4     320.0     2  000          100
    : World total            93 272        1 195  • -3 852      2 520 357      1.35        8 746      6.9   93.8   1 145.2    93 722           450
     fl) Republics of former Yugoslavia with the exception of Slovenia.
     [2) Republics of the former USSR with the exception of the Ukraine.
     (3) Figure included under Yugoslavia.
<\J
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                   (PCUL/EN/1238/1)
Table 1a : AREA UNDER HOPS, PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1990
i            I             II          III         IV          V          VI            VII        VIII    ':
           Country        Area    : Production: Yield       Production:               Yield        Beer
                           ha       "Zentner"     t/ha        Alpha       Alpha       Alpha    Production:
                          1990                                   t                    kg/ha        m hi
                                                                                                 (Barth)
                                      1990        1990         1990    . 1990          1990        1990
:  Fed. Republic
:  of Germany             20 113      549  130     1,37      1 321,1         4,8        65,7       104,3
:  France                    531       15  695     1,48         23,4         3,0         44,0       21,4
:  Belgium                   369       12  015     1,63         36,8         6,1         99,8       14,1
:  United Kingdom          3 385       91  630     1,35        375,7         8,2       111,0        59,7
:  Spain                   1 412       45  431     1,50        155,9         7,4       110,4        27,3
:  Portugal                   125       3  412     1,36         11,6         6,8                     7,0   :
:   Ireland                    17          686     2,02          3,2         9,5         92,8        6,5
                                                                                       190,7
: EEC-12                  25 952      714 999      1.38      1 927,8         5,4         74,3      285,1
:  United States          14 352      515  778     1,80        2 249     "" 8,7                    232T7  ':
:  Australia               1 085       41  960     1,93          239        11,4       220,1        19,6
:  Yugoslavia              3 175       81  900     1,29          262         6,4         82,6       10,5
:  Czechoslovakia         11 850      212  280     0,90          382         3,6         32,2       23,5
:  GDR                     2 286       53  206     1,16          157         5,9         68,7       15,9
:  Poland                  2 257       49  400     1,09          137         5,6         60.7       12,2
:  Hungary                   382        8  434     1.10            24        5,8         63,9        9,8
:  Bulgaria                  933       11  600     0.62            32                    34,8        6,0
                                                                          - _
: Total IHGC (-EEC)       36 320      974  558     1,34        3 482                     95T9      330,2
: Total IHGC (+EEC)       62 272    1 689  557     1,36        5 410         6.4         86,9      615,3
:  Japan                     845
                          15 000
                                       34
                                      180
                                           120
                                           000
                                                   2,02
                                                   0,60
                                                                 100
                                                                 270
                                                                             5.9       ïTSTS        SSTÔ  ':
:  USSR                                                                      3.0         18,0       55,0
:  Romania                 2 350       32  000     0,68            85        5,3         36,2       10,0
:  Rep China               5 000 .    185  000     1,85          555         6,0       111,0        70,0
:  North Korea             2 000 :     24  000 :   0,60            72        6,0         36,0        1.0   :
:  Others                  2 100       56  300 .   1,34          169         6,0         80,4      313,7
': World (total)          89 567 : 2 200 977 !     1,23        6 661         6J         74T4    1 130TÔ     ;
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                  (PCUL/EN/1238/2)
Table 1b : AREA UNDER HOPS, PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1989
                          II           II I       IV                     VI           VII         VIII
         Country         Area      Production   Yield      Production               Yield         Beer
                          ha       "Zentner"     t/ha        Alpha       Alpha      Alpha      Production
                         1989                                   t                   kg/ha         m hi
                                                                                                 (Barth)
                                      1989       1989         1989      1989         1989         1989
 Fed. Republic
 of Germany              19 938       591   591   1,50        1 597                    80,7        92,7
 France                     529         15  823   1,62            36                   72,8        19,5
 Be ! a Ium                 402        12   036   1.44            45                 106,5         14,0
 United Kingdom           3 742        98   308   1.27          395                  101,4         60,3
 Spain                    1 443        32   486   1,08          158                  105,1         27,0
 Portugal                    142         3  087   1,03            11                   74,1          5,5
  Ireland                     21            557   1,30             2                 107,6        __5.4
 EEC-12                  26 218       753 888    T.44         2 244                    85,5       265,7
 United Stales                        538   200   TT93"       2 386                  Î7ÔT7"       231,5
 Australia                             49   460   2,22          247                  222,3          18,7
 Yugoslavia                            83   000   1,30          280                    87,4         12,0
 Czechoslovakia                       245   460   1,03          442                    37,0        23,0
 GDR                                   60   000   1,34          200                    89,3        24,8
 Poland                                49   000   1,03          129                    54,4         12,4
 Hungary                               12   000   1,36            36                   82,1          9,4
 Bulgar ia                             15   600   0,82            46                   48,9          7,0
 Total IHGC t-EEC)       36 251     1 052 720     1,45        3 766                  103,9        338,8
 Total IHGC (+EEC)       62 469     1 864 459     1,49        6 221                    99,6       608,6
 Japan                      935        38   780   2TÔ7"         100                  107,0
 USSR                    15 000       200   000   0,67          300                    20,0
 Romania                    600        32   000   0,57            70                   25,0
 Rep, China                 000       140   000   1,40          420                    84,0
 North Korea                000        24   000   0,60            70                   35,0
 Others                     500        66   000   1,32          255                  102,0
 World (total)           90 504    2 365 239      1,30        7 436                    82,2     1 102,0
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                   (PCUL/EN/1238/3)
Table 1c : AREA UNDER HOPS, PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1988
            I                          III                                VI          VI I         VIII
        Country          Area      Production:             Production                Yield         Beer
                          ha       •Zentner"                 Alpha       Alpha       Alpha     Production
                         1988                                   t                    kg/ha         m hi
                                                                                                 (Barth)
                                      1988                    1988      1988          1988         1988
 Fed. Republic
 of Germany              19 782       591  591                1 597          5,4       80,7         92.7
 France                      489       15  823                    36         4,5       72,8         19.5
 Belgium                     418       12  036                    45         7.4      106,5         14,0
 United Kingdom           3 878        98  308                  395          8.0      101,4         60,3
 Spain                    1 499        32  486                  158          9.7      105,1         27,0
 Portugal                    150        3  087                    11         7,2       74,1          5,5
 Ireland                      21           557                     2         8,3      107,6          5,4
 EEC-12                  ^6*237       7i3~888                 2 244        ~6,0                    265, r
 United States           ?3~724
                          1 115
                                      494
                                       47
                                           939
                                           200
                                                             "i'iôi        TT         TeoTi"
                                                                                      211,7
                                                                                                   23070"
                                                                                                    19,5
 Austral ia                                                     236        10,0
 Yugoslavia               3 188        96  000                  304          6,3       95,3         11,0
 Czechoslovakia          11 950       307  400                  615          4.0       51,4         22,7
 GDR                         320       63  139                  227          7.2       97,7         25,0
 Poland                      385       57  000                  127                    53,8         12,3
 Hungary                     495       12  756                    33         5.1       65,7          9,5
                         35 177    7 078 434                  3 744          6,9*     706,4        330,0"
 Total IHGC (-EEC)                                                           8,5
 Total IHGC (+EEC)       61 414     1 832 322                 5 988                    97,5        595,1
 Japan                      980        37  000                   111         6,0      113,3         53,5
 USSR                    15 000       200  000                  300          3,0       20,0         50,0
 Romania                  2 200        32  000                    67         4.2       30,5         10.0
 Bulgaria                   950        15  710                    43         5,5       45,2          7,0
 Rep. China               5 000       150  000                  488          6,5       97,5         55,0
 Others                   4 500       140  000                  395          5,5       85,6        279,4
 World (total)           90 044    ITÏOI 032                  7 382*                  ~82,(T    1 Ô5Ô7Ô
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                    (PCUL/EN/1238/4)
Tab IB Id : AREA UNDER HOPS, PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1987
             I                          III         IV                     VI          VII          VIII
         Country          Area      Production    Yield     Production               Yield          Beer
                           ha       "Zentner"      t/ha       Alpha      Alpha       Alpha      Product ion
                          1987                                   t           %        kg/ha         m hi
                                                                                                  (Barth)
                                       1987        1987        1987      1987          1987         1987
 Fed. Republic
 of Germany               19 310       620  736     1,61         123        6.84     109,94          92,8
 France                       559       14  204     1.27           47       6.66      84,08          19,9
 !3@lgium                     436       14  942     1.71           78      10,40     178,90          14,0
 Uni lad Kingdom           3 945       103  476     1.32         475        9,19     121,45          59,9
 Spa i n                   1 578        36  978     1,17          140       7,58       88,72         25,8
 Portugal                     160        6  430     2.01           21       6,49     131,25           5,0
  Ireland                      34           826     1.20            4       9,66     117,65
                                                                                                    —5li
 Hc~T2                    26 022       797 592      1.53       2 888        7,24                 ""262,8
 UHted States             77*453       454  033     1,98       2 520       77Tio"    220,02         229,3
 Aus ïra M a                 764        37  980     2,49          184       9,80     240,84          18,8
  ^Kiosiavii               3 197       108  300     1,70         298        5,50       93,21         11,8
 Chechoslovakia           11 900       238  350     1,00         465        3,90       39,06         22,8
 GDR                       2  360       71  500     1,51         307        8,60     130.27          25,0
 PoI and                   2  445       52  058     1,06          103       5,29       42,13         11,6
 Hungary                      515       13  311     1,29           31       4,60       59,22          9,5
 T
   otal IHGC (-EEC)       32 634       975 532      1,49       3~908"      "êTôT     775775*     "328,8
 Total IH6C (-EEC)        58 656     1 773 125      1,51       6 796        7,66     115,93         591,4
 Japan                       996        36  340     1,82           98       5,39       98,40         53,5
 USSR                     15 000       220  000     0,73         385        3,50       25,67         50,0
 ^oman i a                 2 200        34  000     0,77           76       4,49       34,55         10,0
 Bulgaria                    950        14  020     0,74           42       5.97       39,89           7.0
 China                     5 200       200  000     1,92         750        7,50     144,42          50.0
 Others                    4 273        89  012     1,04         267        6,00      62,49         282,3
 Wf<<-!d (Total)          87 275    2 366 497       1.36"     8 414       'T77"       96,45      1 044,2
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                    (PCUL/EN/1238/5)
  Table le : AREA UNDER HOPS, PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1986
;             i             II           III        IV         V           VI            VII        VIII
          Country          Area     : Production: Yield    . Production:               Yield        Beer
                            ha      : "Zentner"    t/ha    - Alpha         Alpha       Alpha     Production:
                           1986                                  t                     kg/ha        m hi
                                                                                                   (Barth)
                                        1986       1986        1986       1986           1986       1986
•  Fed. RepubIi c
:  of Germany              19 649       679  772    1,73       1 985         5,84      101,04       94,10
:  France                     599        21  730    1,81           45        4,18       75,76       20,66
:  Belgium                    577        20  327    1,76           59        5,84      102,86       11,08
:   United Kingdom          4 232       101  416    1,20          376        7,42       88,85       59,17
:  Spain                    1 616        40  087    1.24          140        6,98       86,57       24,13
:  Portugal                   163         6  589    2,02           20        6,00      121,24         3,95
:   Ireland                    34            286    0,42            1        5,45        22,73        5,46
: EEC-12                   26 871   \   87Ô"iÔ7"    1,62   !    2 627  .      ê7Ô4  ;    97775    "267,60
:   United States          7Ô~Ô97~"     444  684    2,20       2 157         9,70   !" 213,75   ! 23Ô755
:  Australia                  755        37  700    2,50          177        9,40   : 234,70         18.72
:  Yugoslavia               3 271        91  200    1,39          267        5.86        81,63       10,50
:  Czechoslovakia          11 950       210  000    0,88          441        4.20        36,90      22,78
:  GDR                      2 370        76  200    1,61          255        6.69   : 107,59        24,30
:  Poland                   2 433        54  000    1.11          143        5.29        58,73       11,38
:  Hungary                    512        12  833    1.25           40        6.16       77,15         9,22
: Total IHGC & EEC         58 253     1 796 824     1.54       6 106         6.80   :   104,82  ;~~5897Ô5
:   Japan                   7"Ô52        37 680     7779         7ÔÎ   !     S~39   !     96747 : 49798
:  USSR                    15 300       214 000     0,70          375        3.50        24,48      55,00
:  Romania                  1 800        34 000     0,94           76        4.49        42,37       11,00
:  Bulgaria                   967        14 400     0,74           43        5.97        44,47        9,00
:  China                    5 190       200 000     1,93         600         6.00        85,71      40,00
:  Others                   3 137        75 551     1,20          227        6.00        72,25      28,19
': World (Total)           85 699     2 372 455     1,38       7 528         6.35       86,04   ! 1 015,31
                                                                                                            •
 ---pagebreak---      Table 1f : AREA UNDER HOPS, PRODUCTION OF HOPS, ALPHA ACID AND BEER BY PRODUCER COUNTRIES 1981
                           :                                                                VII        VIII    :
     ':        I                II           III         IV        V            VI
            Country            Area      Production:   Yield   • Production:               Yield       Beer
                                ha      . "Zentner"     t/ha      Alpha        Alpha       Alpha     Production:
                               1981                                  t                     kg/ha       m hi
                                                                                                      (Barth)
                                            1981        1981       1981       1981          1981        1981
     :  Fed. Republic
     :  of Germany             19 190       674  074     1,76      2 019         5,99     105,21        93,72
     :  France                    760        28  729     1,89          93        6,47     122,37        21,85
     :  Belgium                   846        31  437     1,86        101         6,43     119,39        15,00
     :  United Kingdom          5 808       186  788     1,61        754         8,07     129,82        61,55
     :  Ireland                    75          1 537     1,02           7        9,11       93,33        5,81
     :  Greece                     25            800     1,60           3        7,50     120,00         2,90
     ! EEC (10)                26 704       923 365      1,73   "~ 2 977         6,45     111,48    " 237,34
     :  United States          17 422       717  983     2,06      2 520         7,02     144,64    - 228,95
     :  Australia               1 175        47  538     2,02        228         9,59     194,04        20,17
     :  Yugoslavia              3 262       108  050     1,66        310         5,74       95,03       12,00  :
     :  Spain                   2 003        50  509     1,26        177         7,01       88,37       20,92
     :  Czechoslovakia         11 827       257  700     1,09        618         4,80       52,25       23,93
     :  GDR                     2 120        54  608     1,29        182         6,67       85,85       24,00
     :  Poland                  2 445        56  860     1.16          90        3,17       36,81       11,30  :
     :  Hungary                   562        15  080     1,34          37        4,91       65,84        7,80
     :  Total IHGC & EEC       67*520"" 2 231 693        1.65      7 139         6,40     105,73    :  585,42
     :  Japan                   7 7ii""      25~ÔÔ~      777Ï          65        5,06       57,57       46,48
     :  USSR                   14 500       180 000      0.62        315         3,50       21,72       65,00
     :  Romania                 1 400        22 300      0.80          50        4,48       35,71       11,50
     :  Bulgaria                1 061        14 900      0,70          33        4,43       31,10        5,40
     :  Rep. China              4 000 .     120 000      1.50        220         3,67       55,00       11,38  :
     :  Others                  2 824 ,      58 240      1,03        175         6,00       61,87   :  228,11
     :  World (Total)          92 434 : 2   652 833      1,43      7 997         6,03       86,51   :  954,28
\.-J
 ---pagebreak---                                                              Table 2: Arao Cultivated by Variety Grap and kfeiter State 1961, 1986, 1968 end 1991                              0LLTO1
26^33/1991
                                                                         Arana                                             Bitter                                   Others
                 1991       1983     1986    1931    1991       1983      1985      1981               1991       1983      1966      1981        1991     1988      1986     1981
D      ho          22567     19782    19649   19190   13120      12165     11001     10616               8790       7236      8223      8192         657      381       425      382
                      117      105      102     100     123        114       103       100                107         88       100       100         171       99       111      100
                                                         58%        61X       56X       5BR                3GR        37X       42X       43X           3X       2X       2X        2X
                       79X      75X      73X     67X     87X        sex       83X       77X                69X        63*       63R       56X         97X      72X       73X       79,
F      ho            584       489              760     507        345       241       194                 77        139       353       466            0        4         1        6
       i               76       64       91     100     261        177       124       100                 16         29        76       100            0      66        16       100
       P                                                 87X        71X       34X       26R                13X        28X       51X       61X           CR       1X       GR        1X
      X                          2X       3X              3*          2X       2T.       IX                 IX         1X         3R        3X          CR       IX        CR       IX
B      ho            339       418      578     846     120        129       107       159                257        274       448       648           11       16       23        39
       i               45       49              100      75         81        67       100                 39         42        69       100          28       41        58       100
       P                                                 31X        31X       19X       19X                6CR        65X       7BR       77X           3R       4X        4X       5R
      X                 W        2X                       1X          IX       IX        1X                 2X         2X         3X        4X          2X       3X        4X       8X
I X ha              3571      3B7B     4232    5803    1234       1605      1836      Aim                2266       2142      2263      2876           11     131       133        83
       i               61       66       72     100      45         56        64       100                 78         74        78       100           13     157       160       100
       P                                                 38X        41X       43X       49X                63*        55X       53R        SOX          CR       3R        3R       1X
      X                13*      isx      16X     2GR      GR         11X      14X       21X                18X        19X        17X       20X          2X     25X       23X       16R
 IR.ho                 17       21       35      75       6           5        6        12                 11         16        29         63                              1
       i               22       28       45     WO       50         41        50       100                 17         25        46       100
       P                                                 35X        24X       17X       16X                est        7GR       83R        84X          CR       CR        3X       GR
      X                 CR       GR       GR      CR      CR          CR       OX        GR                 GR         OX         OX        GR          CR       CR        GR       GR
ESP ho              1347      1499     1616    2003       2           8        9         8               1345       1491      1603      1995
       I               67       74       80     100      25        100       112       100                 67         74        80       100
      P                                                   CR          «        IX        GR               10CR        9GR      10QR      1COX           GR       CR        GR       CR
      X                          6X       6X      7%      CR          GR       GR        GR                1GR        13R        12X       14X          GR       CR        GR       CR
P      ho              91      150      163     178                                                        91        150       163       178
       l               51       84       91     100                                                        51         84        91       100
      P                                                   CR          CR       CR        CR               1CCR       10CR      10CR      10OX           CR       CR        GR       CR
      X                 (X       1X       IX      IX      CR          CR       GR        CR                 IX         IX         W         1X          GR       OR        GR       CR
EEC ho            28549      26237    26873   28355   15044      14253     13199     13833              12826      11448     13092     14512         679      532       582       510
                       93       90       93     KO      108        103        95       100                 88         78        90       100         133      104       114       100
                                                         53*        54X       49X       4SR                4SR        44X       49X        50X          2X       2X        2X       2X
                     10GR      1GGR     KXX     10OC    10CR       10CR      10CR      10GR               10CR       10CR      10CR      1C0X        100X     1CCX      10GR      100X
  ho:hectares
   i : index (base 1931-100)
   p e r c e n t a g e of total areo
   Xrpercentoge of total EEC production
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                                                                                                              (fVUL/Ln/r^oo/a)
Toblo 3 : BALANCE OF MWOUCTICN - AMBttTIC MO BIT7CT VARIETIES (ZEHTMERS) 1966 - 1901
                                                                      1987           1              1988                           1989                        1990                        1991               l
                                    J986
                                                                                                                             Aromo       Blttor         Aromo    I   Bit tor       Aroma           Blttor     I
                             Aroma         Bittor              Aromo          Blttor 1        Aram    1     Blttor
                                                                                                                                         238 906     338 982     t   203 713     425 039            294 978   1
 Fad. Hop. of Cormony      348 6t>3        330 969          316 962          291 819 1      345 537   1     234 957      388 216
                                                                                                                                            3 981      12 941    I      2 754     12 376               2 316  1
  franco                     6 681          15 049             7 406           6 787 1       10 803   1        4 957       11 117
                                                                                                                            4 818           7 196       3 995    t      7 838      3 571       I       8 723  1
  Belgium                    3 790          18 538             3 722          10 705 1        4 013   1        7 516
                                                                                                                                           55 167      35 016    I    58 212      42 243       I      77 419  1
  UMtod Kingdom             49 053          58 383            43 430          57 387 1       41 972   1       53 578      37 401
  Irtlortd                                                        90             738 1          101   1          458           94             419 I        171   I        515            -     1         356  1
                                                                                                                               30          45 361 1         28   I     42 402          22      I      38 368  I
  Spoln                         120         39 987               105          36 873 1           58   1       32 430
  Portugal                        -              -                 -           6 430 1                1        3 087            -           4 949 1              I      3 412 I               I        3 247
  EEC                             -              _          371 717          410 737 1      402 482   1     336 981      441 676          351 032 1   391 114    1   316 648     483 251       1     425 429
  Uhltod StotM              88 484         358 220            75 675         378 358 1      143 180   1     351 779      191 770          348 438 1   175 978    1   339 800  I   197 899      I     429 489
  Australia                      50         37 850               480          37 500 I                1       47 200 1      2 280          47 200 I      1 916    I    40 034 I      1916      I      40 034
  Yugoolavlo (1)            91 200               -           108 300               - I       98 000   I                   84 800           18 400 1    67 900     1    14 000 I    76 420      I      16 980
  Ciochaolovoklo           210 000               -          238 390                - 1      307 400   1                  245 480                - 1   212 280     1           1  220 140       1
  otm                        4 020          72 180             2 156          89 354 1        2 121   1       61 018 1        700          59 300 I        882    1    52 544 1                1
  Poland                    51 800           2 400            48 158           3 900 1       53 100   1        3 900 I     44 800           4 200 I    45 200     1     4 200 I    47 495      I        5 120
  fengory                    3 394           9 439             3 156          10 155 1        2 259   1       10 497 1      1 580          10 434 I        838    1     7 798 I       807      I       10 087
  China                           -        100 000                 -         200 000 1                1     150 000  I                    140 000 I               1   185 000 1                1     220 000
  o*-USS* (2)              214 000               -          220 000                - 1      200 000   1              !    200 000               - I   180 000     1           I    55 000(3) 1           -O)
  Ukralno                                                                                                                                                                     I   108 802      1       12 518
  Othoro                                   188 505             1 500         141 000 1        2 900   1      124 600 I      8 700         167 700 1      7 900    1   150 120 I    16 731      I     207 439
   TOTAL                 1 065 175       1 207 280        1 069 492        1 251 004 1    1 209 022   1   1 085 975  I 1 201 528        1 144 701 1 1 083 588     I 1 110 142 I 1 153 261      I  1 367 C96
(1) ftopubllca of formr Yugoslavia           (2) Ropubileo of tho formar USSR         (3) Without th« Ukrolno.
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                  (PCUL/EN/12?; H)
Table 4 : ESTIMATED FORWARD SALES    1992 - 1996
|                        i                Estimated forward sales (zentners)
I         Country       i
i                       !     1992    S      1993    i     1994    !     1995       ! 1996 & later
!  Geriany               i   464 983   !    419 784  |    336  988 S    286  288    !
S  France               \     15 840  ;      16 385  i     16  154 !     16  857    !     12 146
!  Belglui               |     8 000   !      7 200  !      6  400 !       1 600    !       1 600
!  United Kingdoi        !    90 000   i     80 000  !     60  000 !     20  000    !      10 000
 i Spain                i     39 000  !           -  !           - !               !
 I EEC-12               |    617 823  !     523 369  !    419 542  !   324 745      !     23 746
 ! New Zealand           !     1 018   i      1 080  i       1 120 !       1 114   !
 I United States        |    574 118  !     468 509  !    431 900  ;   340 707      !    124 530
 I Australia            !     35 000  !      32 200  J     31 000  S           -   !
 I Yugoslavia           i     13 300  !              {             i               i
 S Czechoslovakia       ;    150 000  !     120 000  !    100 000  S           -   !
 ! Ukraine               ;       280   !          -  |           - \           -   |
 ! Poland                !    47 700   !     47 700  !     42 800  ;     42 880     !     37 520
 i Hungary              !     10 890  !      10 560  !           - I           -   I
 i Slovenia             I     52 000  !      35 000  !     30 000  !     25 000     !     20 000
 ! Total IHGC [-EEC]     S   884 306   !    715 049  !    636 900  |    409 701     !    182 050
 ! Total IHGC [+EEC]     | 1 502 129   i  1 238 418  !  1 056 442  !    734 446     !    205 796
Source     IHBC March 1992
                                                                                                  s
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                                                                       ^KAJL/WV1i»-
  Td>U 5 rCPS: RCRLD OSE SERIES 1972-1991
   1    TDW       1  AREA (ho)  1           REDUCTION                                                   1 BEER PRODUCTION i aimvcr PRICE 1 SPOT PRICE 1   AVOVCE
                                                                                 YIELD
                                1  (2NRER)      I     INTOMCS 1 T/t* 1 M B *TONNESt    PERCENT  1 Mfl*  1    (mhl)        1     FRS      1    FR6     1  PRICE US*
                                                                     1               1   MB*    1 My**                    1 W/BNHCR      1 CHOENftER 1     $/lb
   '      1972    !    76 015   i   2 103 440                                                                                            1     372    1      0,71
                                               1     105 172  1 1.35 t    6 174            5.87 1 79.14 1         689     1      332
   I      1973    I    81 247   '   2366020                                                                                              1     207    1      0,76
                                               1     118 301  1 1.46 1     7466            6.31 1 91.92 1         731     1      331
   *      1374    1    82063    1    2223520                                                                                                          1      0,80
                                               1     111 176  I 1.35 1     6627            5.96 1 80.74 1         771     1      331     1     235
   1      1975    1    80527                                                                                                                          1      0,83
                                1    2270040   i    113 502   1 1.41 1     7230            6.37 1 89.78 1         802     1       331    1     221
   1      1976    1    78206                                                                                                                          1      0,85
   !
                                1   2 135 200  1     106 760  1 1,37 1     6 137           5.75 1 78.47 1         828     1       327    1     264
          T077    1    79262    1    2356920   1     117 796  1 1.49 1     7066            6.00 1 89.15 1         848     1       319    1      126   1      0.90
          1976    >    80250
   1
                                1    2 200 173 1     110 009  I 1.37 1     6 374           5.79 1 79.46 1         875     1       297    1      290   1      0.90
          1979    1    81 224   1    2359648   1     117 992  1 1.45 1     7348            6.23 1 90,47 1         911     1       324    1      533   1      0.98
   •       ifleo  1    86348    1   2376 772   1     118 939  1 1.38 1     7046            5.92 1 81,60 I         936     1       341    1    1 400   1      1.51
          1961    1    92434    1   2652833    1     132 642  1 1.43 1     7697            6.03 1 86.52 I         954     1       377    1      606   1       1.51
          1962    1    95532    1    2966765   1     148 339  1 1.55 1     8805            5.94 1 92.17 I         970     1       390    1      167   1       1.74
          1963    1    92688    1   2 651 851  1     132 593  1 1.43 1     7543            5.69 1 81.38 I         970     1       405    1      210   1       1.93
          1964    t    88 701   1    2472791   1     123 640  1 1.39 1     8 165           6.80 1 92.05 I         970     1       409    1      191   1      2.10
          1985    1    86 700   1   2 419 725  1    120 986   1 1.40 1     6990            5.78 1 80.62 I         982     1       401    1      245   1      2.03
          1986    1    85699    1    2372455   I    118 622   1 1.38 1     7528            6.35 1 86.04 I         990     t      410     1      151   1       1.76
          1967    1    87 274       2366 407   1    118 324   1 1.36 1     8 414          7.11  1 96,49 I       1 044     1       405    1      301   1       1.51
          1988    1    90044        2407 032   1    120 352   1 1.34 1     7382            6.10 1 81,98 1       1 050     1       396    1      378    1      1.40
          1969    1    90504        2385 235   1    118 262   1 1.30 1     7436            6.30 1 81.90 1       1 090     1       367    1      326    1      1.38
          1990    1    89567        2200 677   1    110 049   1 1.23 1     6 661           6.05 1 74.40 1       1 130     1       364    1    1 190    1      1.47
          1991    1    93272        2520 357   1    126 018   1 1.35 1     8746            6,94 1 93.80 1       1 148     1       375    1      391    I      1.60
                                               •
*€R*GE                w 9m          2389 474        119 474     1.39   7 358.85           6,16                                               390.X    1       1.33
 INDEX '91                                                                                        85,50       904,20           353,70    1
(1972 - 1C0)              120             120            120     100         142                                                                               225
1N3EX '01                                                                                   118     118           188             113           105
(1981 - 100)              101              95             95      94         109                                                                               106
                                                                                            115     106           120              99            65
2suis»»: Ktyil^iya^ec^^^^g^y^
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                                                         (PCUL/tN/1129/2)
Table 0; WORLD BEER PRODUCTION 107» - 1991      (1 000 h i )
                            1979      I960      1961         1982     1963     1984                        1987                 1989        1990      1991
  GERMANY (1)             91 643    92   342  93 721      94   826   94  983  92 983  93 303    94  100   92 744   92  639   93 016     104   281   118 000
  FRANCE                  22 400    21   684  21 699      22   331   21  803  20 673  20 297    20  690   19 894   19  500   20 926       21  398    21 400
   ITALY                    8 999    8   969    9 021      10   193  10  111   9 143  10 317    11  082   11 122   11  191    H) 383      11  067     11 067
  NETHERLANDS             15 368    15   684  16 639       16   180  17  327  17 049  17 531    17  988   17 947   17  600    18 800     20   047    20 047
  BELGIUM                 13 681    14   291  13 811       14   629  14  229  14 311  13 931    13  715   13 990   13  988    14 000      14  141    14 100
  LUXEMBOURG                   712       729      778           791      691     634      738       732      662       639        617         600        600
  UNITED KINGDOM          67 416    64   830  61 721      98    149  60  324  60 109  99 659    59  166   59 897   60  280   60 140      99   693    60 843
   IRELAND                  6 039     6  000    9 839        9  636   9  464   9 423   5 537     5  456    5 369    S  401     5 400       6  500      6 900
  DENMARK                   8 129     8  169    8 189        8  468   8  734   8 499   7 924     7  900    8 200    8  399     8 600       8  992      8 910
  GREECE                    2 482     2  500    2 800        2  890   2  800   3 000   2 970     3  190    3 200    3  700     3 900       4  100      3 700
  PORTUGAL                                                                                       3  949    4 977    S  519     6 810       6  999      6 882
  SPAIN                   19 712    20 027    20 924      21 499     22 062   21 832  23 353    24  126   25 000   27  000   27 200      27   319    27 300
  TOTAL EEC (2)          237 078   238 040   237 337    239 928     238 266  233 222 235 963   261  619  262 602  269  100  269 792    289   069   298 949
  U.S.A.                 213 809   227 746   226 990    228     090 230  331 226 490 226  829  230  949  229 297  229  307  231   900  232    700  239   000
  CANADA                  20 940    20 669    21 014      23    667  22  999  23 012  22  126   22  819   23 114   23  114   23  837     24  000    22   969
   BRAZIL                 28 000    29 900    29 900      29    900  29  000  28 390  30  290   43  760   47 900   47  800   55  000     98  000    98   000
  MEXICO                  24 649    26 019    20 321      27    983  23  611  29 082  27  392   29  287   31 937   32  421   36  677     39  749    39   743
   VENEZUELA               10 000   12 500    12 000       12   000  11  769  11 820  10  300   11  200   12 100   13  000   11   000    12  000     11  000
   COLUMBIA               11 394    12 300    12 000       13   438  11  760  14 900  19  800   16  600   17 600   16  913   18   000    18  000     17  500
   TOTAL AMERICA         331 691   391 940   396 899    398     468 392  979 393 427 358  452  394  207  361 148  399  000  412   000  420   000   419   071
   •x-USSR                70   000  69 000    69   000    68 000     66 100   66 100  60 000    99  000   50 000   90  000   56 000      99  000    36 000
   ROMANIA                  8  300    8 900   11   900     11 900    11 900   11 900  11 900    11  000   10 000   10  000   13 000      10  000     11 000
   BULCARIA                 5  900    9 400     9  400       6 000    6 000    S 900   9 500     9  000    7 000    7  000     7 000       6  000     5 900
   POLAND                  11  127  11 189    11   300     10 300    10 076    9 961  10 801    11  380   11 644   12  257   12 380      12  200     12 000
   CZECHOSLOVAKIA         23   610  23 393    23   934     24 921    24 996   23 780  22 394    22  783   22 228   22  670   23 000      23  900    23 900
   HUNGARY                  7  900    7 800     7  800       7 829    7 812    7 912   6 772     9  222    9 900    9  480     9 388       9  800     9 800
   CUBA                     2  307    2 369     2  400       2 400    2 400    2 600   2 600     4  047    3 600    3  320     3 400       3 400      3 000
    TOTAL COMECON        191   344 147 643   191   334   199 946    194 344  193 393 146 927   146  732  138 972  139  127  148 986    135   800   114 800
   YUGOSLAVIA              11  294   11  712   12 000      13   402  12 378   13 600  10 909    10  900   11 790   12  064   12  000     10  900     13 900
    SOUTH AFRICA            6  800    8  900   10 249      12   000  12 000   13 000  13 900    14  900   18 000   16  093   21  000     22  900    22 900
    NIGERIA                 6  710    7  890    8 000      10   360  10 000    9 000   9 290     6  640    7 000    7  300     7  000      8 000      6 000
    JAPAN                 44   798  49   138  46 480       47   339  49 323   46 689  47 461    49  980   93 900   57  498   61  000     69  000    68 100
   CHINA                    6  460    8  920   11 380      13   840  16 300   22 133  32 000    40  000   90 000   55  000   60  000     69  000    70 000
    AUSTRALIA              19  678   19  433  20 170       19   682  19 390           18 903    18  170   18 769   19  900   16  700     19  600    19 000
                                                                              18 949
    OTHERS               190 634   199 109   208 713    219 626     224 877          223 432   293 363   281 441  293 373   271 223    289 111     312 380
                                                                             220 229
    TOTAL WORLD          910 749   936 332   994 263    909 968     970 066          962 374  1019 917  1044 163 1096 600  1102 000   1130 000    1149 200
                                                                             970 231
    X CHANGE P.A.             4.09      2.61      1.92         1.69     0.01    0.01     1.29      1.03     2.78      1.19      4.30        2.94        1.39
 (1) Including «x COR.
 (2) Spain and Portugal included In EEC total from 1966
 Source: EEC COMMISSION; JOM. BARTH * SOHN: C.B.M.C.
                                                                                                                                                             3^
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                     (PCUL/EN/1238-11)
Table 7a : EEC external trade In hops and hop products
             September 1990 - August 1991
                           Cones         I        Powders         !     Extracts        I Total equivalent (1) I
    (x 1000 kg) J                                                                       I       Hop cones       !
                     Extra   !    Total !  Extra     i     Total  ; Extra   i    Total  !  Extra    !    Total I
 GERMANY         |
!- Import        |   11 274 J    12 816 :    2 428   !     3 009 |     242          584 !  14 792 !     18 170 !
!- Export        |    5 510 S     6 716 j    7 113   I    10 939 :   1 320  S    1 986 I   17 954 J     25 637 !
  - Net          J   -5 764 J    -6 100 I    4 685   I     7 930 !   1 078  !     1 384 !    3 163 :     7 467 !
  FRANCE        J
I- Import        |       14 I        33 ;         0  !       511 |      79  !       274 !      291 !     1 554 |
I- Export        |      363 :       973 I       80   :        211 :       0 :         o :      451 :     1 205 :
I- Net           ;      349 i       940 :       80   !      -300 !     -79                                 -349 !
                                                                            I     -274 ;       161 :
  BELGIUM        •
!~ Import        |    1 133 :     1 680 |    1 934   :     2 958 ;     154  !       219 !    3 799 !     5 700 !
!- Export        ;       60 |       248 !       20   !       683 !     159  I       388 :      639 :     2 357 !
!- Net           |   -1 073 |    -1 432 |   -1 914   I    -2 275 j        5 I       169 !  -3 161 !     -3 343 !
 {UNITED KINGDOM !
I- Import        |      423 :       625 :      381   !       899 !      41  !       133 ;      986 !     2 079 !
!- Export        |       18 i      1068 :       49   !       670 |      29  !       268 !      173 {     2 633 '
!- Net           »     -405 |       443 !     -332   :      -329 :     -12  !       135 I     -812 :        554 '
{IRELAND         ;
!- Import        •        o :        42 :      300   :       586 :     156          195 !      876 !      1 369
!~ Export        {        o :        40 |        17  !         18 I     29  !        32 ;      120 ;        172 ,
!» Net           j        0 I        -2 S     -283   I      -568 I    -127  I     -163  !     -756 J    -1 197
{ITALY           }
i- Import        |        5 :        33 |       15   !       672 !       0          108 !       22 !     1 150
!- Export        •       30 :        30 I         0                      0  !         1 :                    34
!- Net           •
                                                     :          o :                             30 ;
                         25 :        -3 I      -15   I      -672 {       0  !      -107 i        9 :    -1 117
I DENMARK          \
 - Import        }        o :        43 :         1          324 !        1          85 :        5 i        697
 - Export        J        o :         o :         1  :          1 ;       1           1 i        5 :          5
 - Net           |        0  !      -43 I         0  :      -323 ;       0          -84 :         o :       692
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                    VKWiL/fcN/ H J t t - l l J
                         Cones           I        Powders        !     Extracts        I Total equivalent (1)
I   (x 1000 kg) I                                                                      I       Hop cones
                     Extra   I    Total  I Extra     I     Total ! Extra   I    Total  {  Extra    I    Total
[NETHERLANDS     I
I- Import        I         0 1         1 I       37  I       257 !    167  {      308  i      625  I     1 362
I- Export        !         0 1        26 I        o  I         1 I       2 :        88 J        7  I       335
I- Net           !         0 1        25 I     -37   I      -256 i   -165  !     -220  I     -618  I   -1 027
{SPAIN           :
|- Import        I       50 I        303 I       30  I       156 !     30  !       124 I      188  I       909
i- Export        I         0 1         0 I     329   I       329 I      o :          o I      362  I       362
!- Net           !      -50 I       -303 I     299   }      -173 I    -30  I     -124  I      174  I      -547
!PORTUGAL        !
|- Import       J          o :        18 I       12  !       141 !     20  !       150 I       83  !       698
I- Export        !         0 1       171 I        o I          o |       1 !         1 I        4  I       175
I- Net           I         0 1       153 I     -12   |      -141 I    -19  !     -149  S      -80  i      -524
I GREECE          I
j- Import        I         0 I         0 I        o I         24 :      10 I        97 I       35  I       366
!- Export        !         0 1         0 I        o I          o I      o ;          o I        0  I         o
!- Net           !         0 1         0 I        o I        -24 }    -10  I      -97  !      -35  I      -366
I EEC Total       !
}- Import        I   12 899 I    15 576  I   5 138   !     9 537 :    900  I    2 277  I  21 701   I   34 036
!- Export        I    5 981 I     9 272  I   7 609   I    12 752 I  1 541  I    2 747  !  19 744   I   32 914
I- Net           1   -6 918 |    -6 304  I   2 471   I     3 215 I    641  I      470  !    1 956  I     1 123
(I) 100 kg powder    - 110 kg cones
     100 kg extracts « 350 kg cones
Source : Eurostat - COMEXT
 ---pagebreak--- lablfl-Tfei. Community external trade in hops by selected partner countries                                   (PCUL/EN/1238/13)
              September 1990 - August 1991
                                 Cones               Powders                  Extracts           Total equivalent (1)
     U1000 kg)                                                                                        Cones
                       Extra             Tota  Extra            Total   Extra           Total   Extra          Total
  Total EEC
- Import                 12 899        15 576     138         9 537       900          2 277  21 700,8      34 036,2
- Export                   5 981        9 272     609        12 752       541          2 747  19 744.4      32 913,7
- Net                    • 6 918     - 6 304      471         3 215       641            470  -1 956,4      -1 122,5
of .which;
ITS7AT
- Smoort                                  722                 1 943                      825                   5 747
- Export                                4 126                   191                       40                   4 476
- Net                                   3 404                 1 752                      758                   1 271
CFSR
- Import                                3 363                   421                                            3 826
- Export                                   70                    11                                               107
« Net                                   3 293                 - 410                                            3 720
U.S.S.R.
 - Import                                 360                     0                        0                      360
- Export                                 1160                    37                       68                    1 439
- Net                                     800                    37                       68                    1 079
YUGOSLAVIA
- import                                3 225                   183                        0                   3 426
- txport                                   56                                             58                      481
- Nat                                                           202
                                        3 169                    19                       58
CHiNA
- Import                                4 001                                                                  5 050
- Export                                                        950
- mx                                        0
                                        4 001
                                                                  0
                                                              - 950
                                                                                                                    0
                                                                                                                5 050
uAPAN
- import                                    0
 - Export                                                         0                        0                        0
                                           23                 2 484                       61                    2 969
- Net                                      23                 2 484                       61                    2 969
 (1)
      ?2S £ 9 P°wd«r - 110 kg cones
      i00 kg extracts - 350 kg g cone
                                  cones
Sourfie.; Eurostat C0MEXT
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                      t P U U L / t N / 1 2 3 8- 1 4 >
Table 8 :    HOPS SOLD WITHOUT ANO UNDER   CONTRACT  AND AVERA8E PRICES WITHOUT CONTRACT   AND UNDER     CONTRACT         1979 - 199
             CONTRACT   1979 - 1991
                                 Without       Under   contract                      Without             Under contract
                              contract (1)           50 kg          % under          contract                  ECU/50 kg
                                  50 kg                             contract         ECU/50 kg
                                     1
  A. EEC   1979 - 1991
     1979                        150 109           745  308              83            182  12                    118    30
     1980                         67 385           723  983              91            469  00                    133    00
     1981                        154 754           768  155              83            225  63                    162    78
     1982                        363 795           763  131              68             65  18                    176    93
     1983                        223 549           744  142              77             91  85                    183    13
     1984                        195 478           728  662              79             69  61                    189    92
     1985                        173 339           718  124              81             92  33                    173    19
     1986                        202 218           667  937              77             62  72                    169    93
     1987                        161 850           634  361              80            123  41                    168    19
     1988                        119 035           632  255              84            158  55                    169    82
     1989                        169 083           641  429              79            134  58                    164    30
     1990                         70 306           644  352              90            468  82                    166    61
     1991                        235 415           679  700              74            165  08                    166    85
  B. » C   1991
                                                                                    JJL         91           3A.              11
     Geriany                     209 235           518  656              71       505,56      165,94      163     03       159    37
     France                          985            13  812              93       390,02      147.83      212     16       196    73
     Be I g I ui                   6 258             6  203              50       375,66      146,79      143     49       174    1 1
     United Kingdoi               15 690           102  618              87       236.25      188.23      190     18       204    40
     Ireland                                            358             100                               267     73       252    89
     Spa I n                                        38 410              100                               148     28       155    73
     PortugaI                      3 247                                                                  121     72
(1) Unsold   quantities  are not  included
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                                                                                                                                 WŒ91
                                                                                    Toble 9 : Msrter State Retume - rfcpe 1991
2S/22/Q2
                           1      2        3      4               5          6       7       8      9      9       0              10          11       12         13          14               15            16
                          SURFACE AREA I N HECTARES                                                FTOJUCTICN                   F E R R 6 (ECU)      RtURS    AVERAGE FTOŒ (EEU/50kg) F E Ï Ï R 6 FER rECTAflE (ECU)
     Variety     Orlg    Total   Àta»1991 Ne* 1990 Pre 1990 Ful I Prod'n Production Yield       Contnoct     Spot    Not told Contract        Spot    Totol    Contract      Spot     Total plcntecfull Prod'n
Bremer'» Gold  D         1740.00     77.00    13.00  1690.00      1669.25    76263      43.83      44198      32085             4808212      4056895  8865107      108.74      126.58             5095          5248
               F           25.18      1.01     1.3B    23.79        25.09      1003     38.32         704       296                93644       38523   132167      1X.11       129.19             5048          5268
               B           19.80      1.77     0.00    18.00        18.74       624     31.52          75       549                 8650       60814    69264      115.X       110.41             3498          3656 »•»
               P           91.10      O.00     0.00    91.10        91.10     3247      35.64                  3247                      0    156209   156209                   48.11             1715           1715
                    EEC  1377.08     79.78    14.33  1782.92      1824.18    81137      43.23      44977      35159         0   4903506 4314241       9222747      109.13      119.31             4913          5C66
Qui lien       D    EEC   169.00      0.00     0.00   169.00       169.00     6154      36.41       6154                          731941           0   731941      118.94                         4331          4331
Oilneok        F    EEC     1.42      O.00     0.31     1.11         1.31        49     34.49          49                           8068           0               164.85                         5682           6152
Galena         F    EEC     0.68      0.00     0.55     0,13         0.49        14     20.71          14                           2X5            0     2JQ$      164.65                         3390          4728 -'
H-3 Lecrvw                653.00      0.00     0.00   850.00       830.00    27932      32.86      27932                        4143955            0  4143355      14S.X                          4375           4875
H-7 Leone»     ESP EEC    495.00      0.00     0.00   496.00       495.00    10456      21.12      10466                        1833365            0  1833955      175.X                          37C6           3706
rfcrtbdo*»     B            0.00                                     0.00                                                                0         0        0
               LK         414.80      7.90    18.40   3BB.50       403.62    15888      33.X       12970       2395       523   26544G2       416413  3X1819       220.03      173.83             8105           8329
               IR.         11.46      0.00     0.00    11.45        11.46       338     31.24         358                          90548           0    90548      252.89                         7901           7901
                    EEC   426.26      7.90    18.40   399.96       415.03    16247      33.11      13328       2395       523    2945040      416413  3462367      220.97      173.83             8099           8317
Northern Brvmr 0         6585.00     95.00    72.00  6419.00      6503.80               X.75      150923      51608           24104804       8943772 33048576      159.72      173.31             5018           5C81
               F           14.57      0.00     0.20    14.37        14.50       435     29.86          45       390                 7979       58631    86610      177.31      150.34             4572           4504 »
               B          142.71      0.67     0.37   141.67       142.18     4898      34.32                  205        164     484038      316203   825674      179.61      155.03             5786           5807
               IK          16.40      0.00     O.CO    16.40        16.40       511     31.16         479        14        18     106589        2934   112352      222.52      209.56             6851           6851
                    EEC  6739.68     95.67    72.57  6591.44      6676.88   208373      X.83      154142      54049       182  24703410      9321540 34053212      160.26      172.46             50X            5100
Njggat         D          KH.00      64.00    40.00     0.00        51.60     2747      26.41       1202       1549               195042      263168   456210      162.26      170.34             4406
               B            2.77      2.72     0.05     0.00         1,12        41     14.80          10        31                 1442        8074     6516      144.16      163.69             2352           5815
               F            7.61      1.78     4.53     1.25         4.94       165     21.66         159         7         7      26189           0    28169      164.65                         3441           5X2
                    EEC   114.33     68.50    44.63     1.25        57.68     2953      25.82       1371       1583         7     222873      288242   460915      162.41      169.49             4292           8514
               IK EEC      21.60      0.00     0.00    21.60        21.60       691     31.99        348        232       111      68128       33515   12507)      195.77      166.01             5790           5790
Orion          D EEC      134.00      4.00     1.00   129.00       131.25     5589      41.71       3563       2028               533796      326748   867548      151.22      162.26             6474           6610
Torçst         D           57.00     25.00    32.00     0.00        33.80      1696     29.75         678      1018               KB439       172969   262406      161.42      169.91             4955           9169
               B           64.16     34.57    17.68    11.93        37.24     2311      36.02       1425        866               2X142       141815   371957      181.X       160.06             5797           9989 *
               IK        1680.24    124.80   203.40  1352.04      1534.17    56231      33.47      49487       8203       541   9349010      1160163 10610263      188.92      187.03             6315           6915
               F           12.34      1.49     0.55    10.33        11.25       302     24.50         263        41                42597        6210    48606      162.24      150.72             JfeCO          4337 •
                    EEC  1813.74    185.86   253.61  1374.27      1613.46    60540      33.X       51853       8148       541   9731188      1481158 113134X       161.42      181.78             6233           7012
Yeonon         S           27.78      9.73     7.32    10.71        19.36       849     X.5B          370       479                            79001   130069      160.97      165.97             5009           7183
               IX         133.10      2.70     7.10   123.33       129.00     4098      X.79        3227        837        34     654658      149517   810243      202.67      178.63             6068           6281
               F           13.75      0.00     0.46    13.X         13.59       348     25.28         165       183                25412       26917    52326      154.01      147.42             3906'          3650 •
                    EEC   174.61     12.43    14.87   147.31       161.95     5295     X.32         3782       1469        34     733627      255934  1001635      198.61      170.78             5736           6185
                         8790.00    285.00   158.00  8367.00      8575.70   294978      33.56     206718      88260         0 X 4 8 6 2 3 6 13767552 44253788      147.48      155.99             5035           5160
    TOTAL      F           76.»       4.28     8.02    64.25        71.18     2316     X.25         1393        919         7     206193      130280 336473        147.48      141.82             4396           4727
               B          257.20     49.46    25.40   182.34       218.63     8723     X.92         4675       3364       164     783830      603237 1412469       171.X       151.41             5492           6460
   BITTER      IK        2266.14    1X.40    228.90  1901.84      2104.79    77419     34.16       66511       9681      1116 1X32676 1767542 15019756             195.95      182.57             6628           7136
               IR.         11.46      0.00     0.00    11.46        11.46       358    31.24         358          0         0      93548           0    90548      252.89                         7901           7901
               ES>       1345.00      0.00     0.00  1345.00      1345.00               28.54      38388          0         0    5977910           0 5977910       155.72                         4445           4445
               P           91.10      0.00     0.00    91.10        91.10     3247     X.64             0      3247         0             0   156209   158209                   48.11              1715          1715
                    EEC 12837.45    454.14   420.32 11962.99     12417.85  425429      33.14      317949     108061      1266 50577593 16424789 67247154           159.07      154.82             5238          6415
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                                                                                                                              MSR91
                                                                                       Table 9 : Msrber State Returns - Hspe 1991
28/32^1
                              1      2       3        4              5          6       7       8      9      9        a             10       11       12           13         14            15           16
                             SURFACE        AREA       IN HECTARES                                    FfmjCTlCN                    REHR6 (ECU)       FETIR6     AVEWGE FRIŒ (EEU/50hg) FEHR6 PtP HETARE (ECU)
                                                                                                                                                                 Contract     Spot      Total planted Full Prod'n
     Variety      Orlg   I  Total   NB#1991    New 1990 Pre 1990Full Prod'n Production Yield      Contract     Spot      Not told Contract    Spot    Total
                                                            23.X       27.14       742     24.X         559        183               115144    364X    151632        2X.94      199.X           4972
Branl Ing Croat IK EEC I      X.50      3.X        3.10
                                                             0.65                                         26                           4X9         0      4809       1X.18                      2405          3148
Challenger      F        I     2.00     0.00       1.X                  1.53        26     12.92
                                                             9.X                                                   113          2     43404    16745     60448       176.91     148.X           3539          4534
                B        I    17.03     3.72       4.X                 13.X        351     21.11        245
                                                           389.70                                     13769       2103        3X    yvFfotî   355548                 211.X      1X.X            7232          7770
                IK       I   459.X     29.70      40.10               427.X     16231      X.32
                                                                                                                  2221        3X   2953834    372293  3338150        210.X      167.X           7C63          7657
                     EEC I   478.58    33.42      45.78    399.X      442.51    16617      34.72      14040
                                                   0.C0                                                                                            0                 178.69                     1949          1949
FinoAltacio     ESP EEC I      2.00     0.00                 2.X        2.X         22     10.91          22
                                                   1.70                                                           18X          70   1923114   317837  2254647        223.54     196.52          7013        v 7063
Fugglee         IK       I   321.X      2.X                317.X      319.23    10273      31.X        8X3
                                                                                                                                          0        0          0                            0IV/O!       jrOrv/31
                 W.      I     0.00                                     O.X
                                                           317.X                10273                  8X3        1X0          70   1923114   317637  2254647        223.54     196.52          7013          7063
                     EEC I   321.X      2.»        1.70               319.23               31.X
                                                           329.40                                                 1840          7  2315546    348444  2X51X          234.72     212.47          7862          7369
Goldlngt        IK EEC I     339.00     3.10       6.X                334.87    11512      33.96
                                                  44.00   10X.X                 33264      29.10      24046       9218             5015159   1930X5   6945544        2X.57      209.41          6077          6373
Mai lertautr    D        I  1143.00    83.00                         1089.80
                F                       0.00       0.00      0.05                    3     53.00                     3          3         0        0          0                                     0             0
                         I     0.05                                     O.X
                B             87.65     1.»        3.52     82.27                2821      32.18       1125       1696               203057   232554   44X12         184.94     137.12          5027          5165
                         I                                             85.33
                            12X.70     64.»       47.52   1118.32               36038      29.32      25171      10917          3 5223216    2162939  7X61»          207.51     198.13           6002         6285
                     EEC I                                           1175.15
Hirtoruckjr     D        I  7297.00    93.00     415.00   6789.X               240770      X.X       182814      57956            29275959   8463327 377692X         1X.14      146.»           5176          5323
                                                                     7095.95
                F        I     0.21     0.00       0.11      0.10                           O.X                                           0        0          0                                     0             0
                                                                        0.17
                B        I    11.47     1.34       4.X       5.X                   265     24.S          174       111                29202    15094     44296       167.X      136.99          3S62          4841
                                                                        9.15
                     EEC 1 7X3.68      94.34     419.44   6794.X               241055      32.X      1829X       58067          0 29X5161    8X8421  37813582        1X.15      146.53           5174          5322
                                                                     7105.27
Kjiller         0    EEC I   423.00     0.00       2.00    421.X                13796      32.61       6778       7018             1056642   1046340  21059X         155.89     149.52           4979          4867
                                                                      422.X
Perle           0    EEC I  2983.00   353.00     127.X    2485.00              1033X       34.X       67876      35504            104X335    7163598 17571994        1S.34      201.77           5924          6485
                                                                     2709.75
                F        I     0.10     0.00       0.00      0.10                    3     26.60           0         3                    0      543        543                 189.98           5433          5433
                                                                        0.10
                     EEC I  2966.10   353.00     127.00   24». 10              103333      34.X       87378      35507          0 104X395    7164142 17572537        153.34     X I .77          5924          6485
                                                                     2709.X
Progr           UC EEC I      71.70     9.X        8.X      53.X                  1X1      25.X        1523        333               328437    72510    4C0947       215.71     214.X            5592          6333
                                                                       62.81
Saaz            D             17.00     0.00       O.CO     17.X                   282     16.»         262                                        0                 223.01                      3599          3699
                                                                       17.X
                B              3.42     0.00       0.00      3.42                   X      24.27                    X                          17034     17094                  205.X            4696          4996
                                                                        3.42
                     EEC I    20.42     0.00       0.00     20.42              3X.X        40.X         282         X                          17094     79982       223.01     205.95           3917          3917
                                                                       20.42
                0        I   234.00    11.00      13.X     210.X                 5550      24.15       XX         1815                        400904  1235560        217.91     220.X            5285          5549
Spolt                                                                 222.S
                B        I     0.52     0.X        0.00      0.52                   11     21.15          10          1                1854      1X       2018       1K.X       164.76           3381          3X1
                                                                        0.52
                     EEC I             11.X       13.X     210.52                X26       25.70                  1816          0    837539   401069  1233X3         217.X                       5281          5545
                             234.52                                   223.37                           3345
                                                   0.00                                    29.41                                                                                137.X            4058          4058
Stor            B EEC I        0.34     0.00                 0.34       0.34        10                              10                    0     13X        1X0
                                                                                           24.46                                                                                                 4695          5648
Stritteltpolt   F EEC I      504.76    69.87      47.11    387.78     446.X     12344                 123X          61                         14790  2521027        202.31     243.10
                UC EEC I       0.00                                                                                                                                                        JDIV/OI       JDIV/OI
Sunshine                                                                O.X                                                               0        0          0
                                                                                                                                                                                                               6146
Tettixnger      0 EEC I     1040.X     33.X       28.X     981.X     1011.10    27897      26.82      21767       6133             48449X    1372244  6217204        222.S      223.X            9978
                                                                                                                                                                                                               4741
                IK EEC I      71.70     3.40       5.X      62.70      67.70     1624      22.X        1544         76          4    3X809     13452   320969        198.72     177.00           4477
                           13120.00   553.X      627.X 11940.00     12558.75   425X9       32.40     X7393     117641           0 514966X   204X799  719094»         167.53     173.46           5481          5721
   TOTAL        F            507.12    69.87      48.57    3X.X       448.X     12376      24.62      12414         X           3  2511045     15334  2526379        202.X      231.10           4982          5637
                B            120.48     6.92      12.18    101.X      112.07     3571      29.64       1554       2014          2    282517             565845       181.78     140.53           4697          5C49
   AROMA        LK          1293.X     52.X       X.X     1175.70    1239.X     42243      32.X       35362       5945        447  78946X    1144060  9116195        2X.14      192.44           7046          7355
                 VL            O.X      O.X        O.X       O.X        O.X          0                     0         0          0         0        0          0                             0N/OI        JDlVyGl
                ESP            2.X      O.X        O.X       2.X        2.X         22     10.91          22         0          0      3899        0      X99        178.®                        1946          1949
                     EEC I 15043.»    682.X      753.X   13X7.76    14370.39   433250      32.13 3572X          125667        452 62191819  21852244 841218X         174.X       173.»           5562          5854
 ---pagebreak---                                                                                                                                                                                                                           K€R5i
                                                                                        Table 8 : Msnber Stote Returns - rfcps 1991
   "2B/CQ/Ç2.
                               1      2        3       4              5          6       7         8     9     8        a               10         11       12         13          14           15                     16
                         I   SURFACE          AREA I N HECTARES                                         REDUCTION                      FETLR6 (ECU)       FETLRJS  AVEWGE PRICE (EDJ/50kg) FETUNS PER rfCTAfE (ECU)
       Variety   Or I g  I  Total    Ms* 1991 Ne* ' 9 X P > 1990 FuI! Prod'n Productlcn Y i e l d    Contract   Spot      Not t o l d Contract    Spot     Total    Contract      Spot     Totol p l a i t e c f u l l Prod'n
  Record                     196.00                                                         31.42        3174     2952                  444619    467720    912639      140.18      158.44           4680                 5346
               0                         2.X       X.X     127.X       170.70     6126
               B              10.43                 O.X                             321     X.78           74      247                   13716      30521    44237      1X.X        123.57           4241                 4241
                                         O.X                10,43       10.43
                     EEC     2X.43       2.X       X.X     137.43                 6447      31.X         3248     3199              0   458635    498241    956876      141.21      1X.75            4658                 5283
                                                                       181.13
  Zenith       IX EEC         11.40      O.X        O.X     11.40       11.40       344     X.18          245        X           X       47443      10228    6X16       193.65      162,35           5572                 5572
  Other»       D             462.X     4X.X        58.X      O.X       196.X       1748      3.78        13»       382                  226295      75615   X1911       1X.X        197.95            653                 1519
               F               O.X                                       O.X                                                                 0          0        0                            *>N/>I                 (DIV/OI
               B               0.X       O.X        O.X      0.09        0.21        13     X.X                      13                      0       18X      18X                   144.16           4768                 8856
               LK              O.X                                       0.00                                                                0          0        0
                     EEC     462.X     408.X        X.X      0.09      199.01      1761      3.81        1396      395                  226295      77475   333770                  196.19             657                1526
               D             657.X     4X.X       122.00   127.X       369.50     7874      11.»         4540     3334              0   671215    543335   1214549      147.84      162.97           1849                 3287
     TOTAL     F               O.X       O.X        0.C0     0.00        0.00         0  £W/0l              0         0             0        0          0        0   #DlV/0!     #5IV/0!      JDIV/OI                JDIV/OI
               B              10.82      0.X        0.00    10.52       10.64       334     X.X            74      2X               0    13716      32331    46097      1X.X        124.59           4260                 4332
    OTHERS     LK             11.40      O.X        o.co    11.40       11.40       344     X.18          246        X           X       47443      10228    6S16       193.»       162.X            5572                 5572
                     EEC     679.22    4X.X       122.C0   148.92      391.54     8552      12.X         4859     3557           »      732374    535944   13241X       1X.73       1X.23            1950                 3332
                           22567.X    1226.X      907.X 20434.00     21513.95   727891      32.25      518555   2092,35             0 82657140 34720685 117377826       159.37      165.94           5201                 5456
     GRAND     F             533.67     74.15      56.59 452.93        519.37    14692      25.37       1X12       985              9  2717233     145614 2862852       196.73      147.X            48C6                 5512
               B             333.X      X.»        37.»    294.24      341.34    12627     32.X          62X                    166    1X0063     918620 2024411        174.11      146.79           5211                 5931
     TOTAL     LK           3571.44    188.00     294.X   33X94       3355.57   120006     33.57       102618    15630        1599 20974887 2921849 24196467            204.40      1X.23            6776                 7212
               IR.            11.46      O.X        O.X     11.46       11.46       358    31.24          353         0             0    90548          0    90548      252.X                        7901                 7901
               ESP          1347.X       O.X        O.X   1347.X      1347.X     38410      28.52       35410         0             0  5931839          0  5981809      1».73                        4441                 4441
               P              91.10      O.X        O.X     91.10       91.10     3247     X.64             0     3247              0        0     158206   156209   JDIV/3I                         1715                  1715
                     EEC   28590.17   1544.X     1295.67 25719.67    27179.79   917231     32.12                235415        17741135017» 33862977 152693123           1X.X        165.06           5346                 5518
                                  04 2.35418          RES  151.65           F  7.89563            W  0.878778        ESC 2X.676             IK. 0.795423               48.5563
.r-^
 ---pagebreak---                                                                      ISSN 0254-1475
                                                              COM(92) 281 final
                                                      DOCUMENTS
EN                                                                              03
                                Catalogue number : CB-CO-92-291-EN-C
                                                             ISBN 92-77-45691-4
Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
L-2985 Luxembourg