CELEX: 51988PC0494
Language: en
Date: 1988-09-21
Title: Draft COUNCIL RESOLUTION on the new developments in Community cooperation on civil protection (presented by the Commission)

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DE LA COMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEE DES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM (88) 494
Vol. 1988/0177
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 ---pagebreak--- COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                       COM ( 88 ) 494 final
                                                       Brussels , 21 September 1988
                                                                              v
                                Draft
                           COUNCIL RESOLUTION
  on the new developments in Community cooperation on civil protection
                                                                                        I
       L
                                                                                    ♦ /
                                                                                    A
                    ( presented by the Commission )
                                          v
                                    / *7 / ** 11 »»;
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 ---pagebreak---                                   - 1 -
                                 CONTENTS
  I.  INTRODUCTION
 II . BRIEF REVIEW OF COMMUNITY COOPERATION
III . NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN COMMUNITY COOPERATION
      . Data banks
      . Harmonization of Language and multilingual terminology
      . Single Europe-wide emergency telephone number
      . Use of new telecommunications services and infrastructures ,
        particularly space technology , for improving disaster
        management
      . Information and public awareness
        ( a ) Creation of a distinctive symbol for European civil
              protection
        ( b ) European civil protection campaign
Draft Council resolution
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 2 -
                  î
 1 . The Council and the Representatives of the Governments of the Member
States meeting within the Council on 25 June 1967 passed a resolution on
the introduction of CommunitY oooperation on civil protection1 listing a
number of steps to be taken in the short term .
The idea was that the CommunitY countries should transform into concrete
action a number of political , socio-economic or legislative initiatives
taken in earlier Years .
Civil protection , as dp.f1 nert in the Commission 's first communication to the
Council in April 19672 covers a wide range of areas connected with the
protection of the puhlio involving assistance and solidarity in the event
of a serious crisis or a natural or man-made disaster .
2 . Convinced of the need to press on with this action in order to
advance a people 's Europe as part of the plans for
establishing an area with no internal borders , the Commission has
endeavoured to act on the Ideas put forward in the resolution of
25 June 1987 , laying the foundation for dealing in a more rational and
coordinated manner with disasters which can be on a scale far too vast for
any individual Member State to oope with singlehanded .
This basic principle of solidarity has been readily acoepted by the
emergency planning bodies concerned with a view to harnessing all available
material and human potential . The contacts that have taken place between
experts and those working in the field of civil protection prompt the
Commission to review the work done so far and to promote new initiatives
that seek to enhance existing solidarity arrangements by strengthening
links between the citizens of the different Member States in order to
consolidate the idea of Europe .
1 OJ C 176 . 4.7.1967 , p. 1 .
2    0011(87)161 final .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 3 -
3 . In addition, the repeated requests from the European Parliament1 are an
incentive to the Commission to step up Community cooperation in civil
protection .
П.       HREKF R]     QF OCMMONn? COOPERATION
4 . The Commission has been extremely active in following up the Council
resolution of 25 June 1987 and can list the following achievements in the
past year .
5 . A Guide to Civil Protection , the hub of the resolution of 25 June 1987 ,
has been finalized with the help of experts from the Member States and is
now being published . As had been agreed , this is a practical manual for
those responsible for civil protection and the national authorities in
charge of emergency planning ; it lists types of disasters , their features ,
multilateral and bilateral agreements between Member States , the various
types of emergency planning arrangements at national , regional and local
level and resources available to assist people in the Community . The Guide
also contains a list of liaison officers who should ensure that contacts
between Member States in the event of a disaster are smooth and systematic .
This Guide will be updated each year with the help of the national experts .
From the outset it will be of great value in three respects :
         it will give those responsible for civil protection in the Member
         States an overview of the various ways of organizing rescue work ;
         it will guide each Member State in the possibilities of developing
         national resources for dealing with disasters , the objective being
         to increase compatibility between the rules and standards of each
         country ;
 1 Oral questions since 1 January 1987 : No H-510/87 and H-556/87
    Written questions
             H        sinoe 1 January 1987 : No  210/87
                                              1369/87    , 898/87, , 1452/87
                                                       , 1421/87      1097/87, ,
                                              1724/87 , 2459/87 , 393/88 and
                                             871 /88 .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 4 -
         it will make it possible to evaluate more rapidly the needs of a
         country hit by an accident which , because of the scale and
         seriousness , makes outside help necessary .
6 . The organization of contacts and discussions at the periodical meetings
of Member States' experts and liaison officers responsible for civil
protection has generated a growing exchange of information both on
technical matters and for increasing awareness amongst those working in
civil protection and the general public .
7 . Member States have organized simulation exercises and training course to
facilitate exchanges of skilled civil protection personnel able to handle
speciali zed tasks .
The Commission has collected information and catalogued all the operations
planned by the Member States and provided support for the Estarreja
exercise in Portugal in March 1988 ; it lias also promised to take part in
the Is&re 1988 exercise in France .
These initial experiences have shown that it is possible :
         to mobilize lard aid air resources aid bring them to the scene of
         the disaster from the various member States within 24 hours ;
         to coordinate effectively the simultaneous use on lard and in -the
         air of resources from various countries with differing capacity and
         technical features .
8 . The Commission is behind plans to hold other disaster simulation
operations , such as a mountain rescue exercise (Spain aid France -1983/89).
This cooperation , based jointly on simulation , training aid information ,
will help produce increased efficiency in concepts , techniques and
equipment . It will enhance each Member State 's contribution and make for
richer human contacts between persons suddenly required to work together .
 ---pagebreak--- As well as providing an opportunity for mounting a combined operation ,
this cooperation will help each. Member State in maintaining at all times a
high level of emergency servioe capacity .
These exercises create a climate of cooperation between Member States ,
notably in the form of exchanges of information and. experience about
national operations in the event of real disasters . For instance , the
French liaison officers made available to their colleagues the report and
conclusions concerning the Nantes accident (autumn 1987).
9 . Other initiatives under the Commission 's programme to step up the
information effort - directed both at the general public and at those
working in civil protection - have taken the form of public awareness
operations , notably Community participation in specific exhibitions such as
the one on fire-fighting and emergency planning held in Hanover in June
1988 or congresses and seminars such as the one on fighting forest fires
from the air organized by IFUKTA at Cannes in June 1988 .
10 .     At international level the Commission has extended the scope of
European action on civil protection by seeking closer relations with
international organizations in an effort to open up an even wider front of
European solidarity . This was the case with the accession in 1987 to the
open partial agreement on the prevention of , protection against , and
organization of relief in major natural and technological disasters .
HT .     NEW DEVEtflOPMENTS IN GQMMDNTIY COOPERATION
11 .     In the light of the other initiatives envisaged in the June 1987
resolution an Community oopperation on civil protection, the Oonmissian, as
it ormmwwrt in its programme for 1988, is now proposing a mare extensive
series of measures       id«as which it feels should have priority.
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 6 -
These proposals axe based on the opinions and pointers provided by the
experts and specialized bodies consulted .
DATA BANKS
12 .    As provided in the resolution of 25 June 1987 , a list of data banks
existing in the Community in the field of civil protection has been drawn
up with the help of an outside contractor . It was found that a large number
of data banks exist containing information of relevance to civil protection
and use is made of them in a number of Member States . Much of the
information contained in these data banks is of potential interest to those
responsible for civil protection in other countries or even in all the
Community countries .
However these data banks are on different types and different sizes of
computers and , in addition , use different software and query languages .
This fact and the linguistic diversity of Europe means that much of this
valuable information is virtually unusable .
The state of the art in data processing and telecommunications technology
should make it possible to interconnect different data banks and give users
a uniform and simple method of access to these banks .
13 .    The adoption of a harmonized information classification system and
perhaps too of machine translation could iron out the difficulties caused
by the use of a number of different languages . Moreover the
interconnection of banks will create a computerized network which could
also be used for rapid message exchange .
The interconnection of the existing data banks would safeguard the autonomy
cf rational civil protection systems and would, neither infringe nor
compromise any existing bilateral or multilateral agreement ; it would also
make for optimal use of all resources .
 ---pagebreak---       14 .    The Commission Is planning to assess the feasibility of such a
      system of interoonneotion of databanks .
      A feasibility study will oover the following aspects :
                                                 S •
.• -3  '
               ldent.1 floatlon of user needs , technical constraints and respect of
              national autonomy;
              dhoioe of databanks to be interoonneoted on the basis of whether'
               the information they oont&ln is of mutual interest and whether the
              owner is prepared to make it available ;
           .  definition of a harmonized classification system; •'
              definition of a ocnmon user interface;                             . ^
              design of a network structure using existing infrastructures and T
              publio services , and Choice of ocnmon network protocols ;
              reoonmendation and specifications for the pilot project , with an
              estimate of neoessary human and technical resources , and a project
              plan;
              estimate of the human and technical resources required beyond the
              pilot project stage .
       15 .   The conclusions of the study are expected to be available within
       12 months . The next move will be to start up a pilot project which
       would run for a limited period .
      At the end of tills period a final assessment would be made on whether it is
      possible and worthwhile to set up a fully operational system.
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 8 -
HARMONIZATION OF I^NGUAGE AND MOLTTLDGDAL TERHUTEOGY
 16 . The publication of the Guide to Civil Protection and preliminary work
on drawing up an Inventory of data banks have drawn attention to the need
for a glossary of oivil protection in the Community .
Problems raised by technical standardization of resouroes and equipment
also point to the need for a veil-developed , standard terminology . This
would be a great help In overcoming the language barriers encountered by
those working in this field .
Although glossaries of basic terminology do exist , the Commission plans to
harmonize such terminology and draw up a technical and scientific thesaurus
covering all the baslo oonoepts in the nine languages , to help energency
servloes work more effectively when dealing with crisis situations
following major disasters .
This thesaurus , which should be brought out within 12 months , before
the end of 1990 , would also be helpful for informing the public and
would facilitate communication between rescue teams working outside
their own countries .
SINGLE EÜROPE-WIDE EMERGKNCY TELEPHONE NÜMBER
17 . The proposal to introduce a single Europe-wide emergency telephone
number for contacting national oivil protection servloes in oase of
disaster was made in the Commission 's oommunioation to the Council on
Community cooperation on oivil protection (April 1987). 1
Rapid developments in the telecommunications networks in the Community and
the favourable conditions created by the Member States' adoption of the
conclusions of the Green Paper on telecommunications then prompted the
Commission to send to the Council , In May this year , a oommunioation dealing
specifically with the introduction of a standard emergency telephone
number . 2
1 001(87)161 final .
2 001(88)312 final .
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 9 -
This followed on from the first studies on the technical aspects of the
question and very encouraging consultations with national experts .
18 . The Council meeting (Telecommunications ) on 30 June approved a
declaration welcoming the Commission 's communication . The Member States
and the Commission agreed to start work on the project immediately ; a
timetable will be drawn up in consultation with national experts .
19 . In view of the importance of this project for the citizens of Europe -
not only because Europeans are increasingly mobile but also because it will
be a positive contribution to a people 's Europe , the Commission stresses
the advantages of such a system for civil protection and feels that the
Member States should be urged to introduce it gradually by 1992 .
USE OF NEW TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES AND INFRASTRUCTURES , PARTICULARLY
SPACE TECHNOLOGY , FOR IMPROVING DISASTER MANAGEMENT
20 . New telecommunications infrastructures and facilities should lead to
substantial improvements in the quality and reliability of the two major
tools for managing the crisis situations resulting from natural or man-made
disasters , thus reducing the cost to society .
Effective crisis management begins with the development of a forecasting
system that really works , to allow time for the most suitable defensive
measures to be taken .
When a disaster actually occurs , the various sectors responsible for
dealing with it (at national level and , where appropriate , at Community
level) must be able to establish and maintain contact , and transmission
capacity to match the needs of the situation must be available .
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 10 -
On a number of oocasions senior officials and civil protection experts have
 stressed that a special effort should be made to improve equipment and make
•use of new means of communication now available . 1
The use of telemetry to gather territorial data could already be of great
help in predicting and assessing a forthcoming disaster and , in some cases ,
 in following rescue operations once the disaster has occurred
 21 . There are systems operating in the Community today which use
 satellites to relay information ; they will make possible optimal
 installation of automatic monitoring and measuring instruments , since the
 constraints due to lack of conventional communications infrastructures
 locally no longer apply .  Systems of this kind send down a steady supply of
data , to ensure continuous monitoring of the territory , especially
 sensitive regions where earthquakes , volcanic eruptions or floods are
 likely to occur . The data , correctly processed , can then serve as a basis
 for the decisions which have to be taken to safeguard people and property :
early warning measures , readiness of rescue equipment , evacuation of given
 areas , etc .
Rapid developments in technology and the growing importance    of
 telecommunications In post-industrial society have been the   main factors
prompting the Community to adopt a policy in this area , the   main aim of
which is to supply the needs expressed by the various users    at European
 level .
dearly , a number of the new telecommunications facilities already in
 operation , or being developed for the short term or medium term , could also
be used for civil protection , substantially improving communication
 channels between the sectors responsible for disaster management .
 1 SEC(86)1655 - Civil defence and cooperation in oase of disaster : Report
     by the group of national experts .
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 11 -
 For essample , there are satellite oonmmioation systems which k.vs baaa
developed to the point where information oan be 'transmitted via stall
aerials , which , if necessary , could be mounted on small viiiclae .
 22 . Thsss too problems - forecasting and, 'the improvement of oceo , un '.cations
in the contest of disaster management - should bs borne in aind tete
teleoosasunic&ticns requirements are assessed . It is important to pinpoint
erectly whet is needed and thus ensure that civil protection is taken into
account in the development of new technologies .
The need for a joint response to civil protection requirements is another
reason for barmonizing pan-European teleocraaunio&tions sye tarns , as defined
in Community policy : it oould thus contribute to European solidarity .
23 . The Commission is therefore planning to analyse and draw up, before
the end of 1989 , an initial detailed inventory of actual requirements ,
and the resources that would enable them to be met .
Furthermore , where possible it intends to use the planned simulation
exercises to test , in the field , in the course of 1989 , new communications
 systems likely to be of use , particularly satellite systems .
MH3RMATICN AND PUBLIC AWARENESS
 (a) Creation of a distinctive symbol for European civil protection
24 . The creation of a distinctive symbol for European civil protection
Bhnniri be considered as        of the measures which oould bring the image and
•lrifta. of Europe closer to everyday life and made people aware of the major
dangers and risks Involved in natural disasters .
 ---pagebreak---                                            12
It should also be remembered that the introduction of visible signs was
one of the recommendations in the report from the ad hoc Committee on
a people 's Europe approved by the Heads of State and Government .
The basic design of this symbol is similar to the international civil
protection symbol already used by several Member States - a royal blue
equilateral triangle on an orange disc .             The twelve gold stars from
the European flag are incorporated to give this symbol a specific
Community flavour .
In order to promote public awareness , this symbol has already appeared
as a proposal in a number of publications on civil protection and was
presented at the international fire-fighting and emergency planning fair
in Hanover in May-June 1988 .
25 . If the European civil protection organizations were to adopt this
symbol before the end of 1992, it would strengthen and promote the image of civil
protection in the eyes of Community citizens and with regard to non ¬
member countries .       It would also permit rapid identification of
buildings , equipment , staff and rescue vehicles .             Frontier crossings
would be made easier and controls would be simpler when these vehicles
were being used for civil protection purposes .
(b)    European civil protection campaign ( March 1990 - Ap ri l 1991 )
26 . Civil protection involves the protection of both Community citizens
and its heritage and richness * The national authorities frequently
inform their citizens of existing natural or man-made risks , but a far
more wide-ranging public information and education campaign for all
European citizens is needed .
Disasters know no frontiers , their effects on the economy , industry ,
agriculture and society are enormous and a country acting on its own
cannot always cope with all the threats and disasters which may strike .
 ---pagebreak---                                        13 -
27 . The effectiveness of emergency measures depends primarily on the
relevance and quality of the information available for taking the
necessary decisions and mobilizing the necessary resources as quickly
as possible .    No reciprocal assistance can therefore be planned
without adequate preparation by the national authorities .
The Member States and the Commission have already taken a considerable
number of measures and initiatives . The stimulus provided by adoption
of the Commission 's new proposals will produce a multiplier effect
commensurate with the tangible interests which it is intended to
protect in tomorrow 's Europe .
28 . In a resolution adopted by the General Assembly in December 1987 ,
the United Nations has designated the nineties as the decade in which
the international community will take special steps to foster
 international cooperation in civil protection and has asked the Member
States and the Commission to join forces in the drive to stimulate
public awareness .    Similarly the Council of Europe is ready to share
in the efforts deployed by the Commission and the Member States .
29 .   It would therefore be appropriate for the Community to present an
action and information programme for a twelve-month campaign
 ( March 1990 - April 1991 ) devoted entirely to civil protection .
       The objectives would be :
       - to make all Community citizens aware of the importance of
         civil protection through practical examples of the value of
         reciprocal assistance ;
       - to promote better awareness of civil protection and help
         incorporate it in the various policies of the Community and
         its Member States , in particular economic , industrial ,
         agricultural and social policy ;
 ---pagebreak---                                     14 -
      - to highlight the European dimension of civil protection policy
        as protection of the citizen and of the richness of our common
        heritage ;
      - to demonstrate the progress already made and the achievements
        of both the Member States and the Community in this sector .
30 . The Commission will draw up a programme to ensure that the European
civil protection campaign is a success .  This programme will have to be
organized around a twelve-month timetable ( March 1990 - April 1991 ) and
state the measures to be undertaken at both Community and national level ,
the organization involved and the means of finance .
 ---pagebreak---                                                      ANNEX
                                      I
                                    I     ■ ./ ^                 \
   / ■             W      ■\        1 / *                  : ^
v /                     . \J          V/           ***             \
                                        \
       Proposed distinctive symbol for European civil protection
                                                                     JST
 ---pagebreak---                            DRAFT COUNCIL RESOLUTION
                              of .
    on the new developments in Community cooperation on civil protection
THE COUNCIL ,
Having taken note of the Commission 's communication and the draft Council
resolution on the new developments in Community cooperation on civil protection ;
Recalling its resolution of 25 June 1987 on the introduction of this Community
cooperation ;
Having regard to the encouraging results obtained from implementation of that
resolution and the application of the initial measures decided ;
Convinced that to continue this action and introduce new initiatives at
Community level for a whole series of sectors linked with protection of people
and property , and with assistance and solidarity in the event of serious
crises , or natural or man-made disasters , would do more to advance a people 's
Europe ;
Convinced that the action taken in response to the resolution ,of 25 June 1987
has laid the foundation for dealing in a more rational and coordinated manner     !
with crisis situations arising from disasters which can be on a scale beyond
the response capacity of the Member State concerned ;
Convinced that new initiatives and appropriate measures in this field would
also promote the coordination and integration of present knowledge and of
existing scientific and technical resources and facilities , with more effective
mobilization of human resources , thus helping to achieve an area with no
internal borders ;
Noting with satisfaction the significant contribution made by the Commission in
this field of activity , advocating the adoption of new national and Community
approaches to the various problems involved in the handling of crises
resulting from natural or man-made disasters ;
Whereas it would be appropriate to establish , as soon as possible , a
coordinated system of data banks for civil protection , introduce a standard
Europe-wide emergency telephone number and , linking up with space technology ,
exploit the possibilities offered by recent developments in telecommunications
and satellites ;
Whereas scientific and technical understanding of the causes and effects of
disasters and of ways and means of reducing loss of human life and material
damage will require a wide dissemination and application of all knowledge
within the framework of regional , national and multilateral programmes and it will
be necessary to identify everything that , directly or indirectly , is involved
in civil protection for citizens in the Community by the adoption of a
distinctive symbol facilitating quick passage and control at frontiers ;
 ---pagebreak--- Whereas there is a growing need to supply appropriate information and
to make the public and those more directly concerned as fully aware as
possible and bearing in mind the initiatives taken in other inter¬
national organizations ;
TAKES NOTE of the work done by the Commission, in liaison with the Member
States , on the inventory of data banks concerning civil protection and
their systems ;
AGREES to encourage   a better exchange of information contained in the
data banks existing in the Member States ;
TAKES NOTE of the Commission 's intention of assessing within the next
twelve months the feasibility of a system for interconnecting data
banks as described in its communication ;
STRESSES , in the light of what was agreed at the Council meeting ( Tele ¬
communications ) on 30 June 1988 , the need for a standard Europe-wide
emergency telephone number which will enable the public to call the
national civil protection services , and which should be introduced
gradually in all Member States by 1992 ;
TAKES NOTE of the Commission 's intention to take steps to compile a
multilingual glossary on civil protection terminology - within the next
twelve months and by 1990 - the need for which is recognized not only
from the technical angle ( data banks ), but also to ease communication
between rescue teams called to help in emegencies beyond their frontiers ;
AGREES to promote better-quality transmission of the information neeeded
to prevent or contend with disasters by promoting the use of advanced
information and telecommunication systems and , in particular , aerospace
resources . In this connection it takes note that the Commission is
proposing before the end of 1989 to make an inventory and study of
requirements and of resources available to satisfy them , and that in
the course of 1989 it will take advantage of simulation exercises to
test - wherever possible - in the field the most promising communication
systems , notably satellites .
CALLS on the Member States to adopt and use a distinctive symbol for
civil protection by the end of 1992 , with a design as shown in the
annex - i.e. a royal blue equilateral triangle on an orange disc
and also incorporating the twelve gold stars from the European flag
to facilitate rapid frontier crossings and permit identification of
civil protection personnel and equipment .
TAKES NOTE of the Commission 's intention of launching a study on the
feasibility and cost of an initial twelve-month (March 1990 - April 1991 )
European campaign to increase and develop public information and
education in civil protection .
 ---pagebreak---                                 FINANCIAL STATEMENT-
Budget heading :
Article 694     " Community cooperation in civil protection ".
Proposed classification :     Non-compulsory expenditure .
Description of operation :
Implementation in 1989 of Council decisions of 4 November 1988 on civil
protection .
Type of expenditure ( 1989 budget ):
                                                                25 000 ECU
- Periodic updating of the Guide
                                                                15 000 ECU
- Creation of a distinctive symbol for European
  civil protection
- Simulation exercises ( 120 participants over 4 days )
          ( a ) seismic risks                                  180 000 ECU
                                                               180 000 ECU
          ( b ) railway risks ( dangerous products )
                                                               120 000 ECU
- Manual of harmonization of language and terminology
  ( nine languages )
                                                                50 000 ECU
- Training of senior civil protection officers
- Interconnection of civil protection data banks
                                                               130 000 ECU
          ( a ) relevance and feasibility
                                                               500 000 ECU
          ( b ) pilot project
- Utilization of new telecommunication services and
  infrastructures to improve control of crisis situations      250 000 ECU
- Préparation of European civil protection campaign              50 000 ECU
                                                Total          500 000 ECU
525 000 ECU are included in the preliminary draft budget
for 1989 , and this item should be increased .