CELEX: 31992L0114
Language: en
Date: 1992-12-17 00:00:00
Title: Council Directive 92/114/EEC of 17 December 1992 relating to the external projections forward of the cab's rear panel of motor vehicles of category N

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31992L0114

Council Directive 92/114/EEC of 17 December 1992 relating to the external projections forward of the cab's rear panel of motor vehicles of category N  

Official Journal L 409 , 31/12/1992 P. 0017 - 0030 Finnish special edition: Chapter 7 Volume 4 P. 0174  Swedish special edition: Chapter 7 Volume 4 P. 0174 

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE  92/114/EEC of 17 December 1992 relating to the external projections forward of the cab's rear panel  of motor vehicles of category NTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article  100  a thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission  (1), In cooperation with the European Parliament  (2), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee  (3), Whereas measures should be adopted with the aim of progressively establishing the internal market  over a period expiring on 31 December 1992; whereas the internal market comprises an area without  internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured; Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy pursuant to national laws  relate, inter alia, to the external projections of cabs of goods vehicles; Whereas these requirements differ from one Member State to another; whereas it is therefore  necessary that all Member States adopt the same requirements either in addition to or in place of  their existing rules in order to allow, in particular, the EEC type-approval procedure which was  the subject of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of  Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers  (4), to be  applied in respect of each type of vehicle; Whereas, with a view to improving road safety, it is considered imperative and irgently necessary  that the cabs of motor vehicles of category N do not exhibit sharp external projections to reduce  the risk or the severity of injuries sustained by a person coming into contact with the external  surface of the vehicle in the event of an accident; Whereas it is recommended to follow the technical requirements of ECE Regulation No 61 (Economic  Commission for Europe of the United Nations) relating to the uniform provisions concerning external  projections of the cabs of goods vehicles; whereas this ECE Regulation is annexed to the Agreement  of 20 March 1958 concerning the adoption of uniform conditions of approval and reciprocal  recognition of approval for motor vehicle equipment and parts, HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:Article 1For the purposes of this Directive,  'vehicle` means any motor vehicle of category N, as defined in Annex I to Directive 70/156/EEC,  designed and constructed for use on the road, with or without bodywork, having at least four wheels  and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h.Article 2No Member State may refuse EEC  type-approval or national type-approval of a vehicle type, or refuse or prohibit the sale,  registration, putting into service or use of a vehicle on grounds relating to their external  projections forward of the cab's rear panel, if such vehicles satisfy the requirements set out in  Annex I.Article 3Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the Annexes to technical  progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive  70/156/EEC.Article 41.    Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and  administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 June 1993. They shall apply these provisions from 1 October 1993. When Member States adopt these provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be  accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making  such a reference shall be laid down by the Member States. 2.    Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national  law that they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.Article 5This Directive is addressed  to the Member States. Done at Brussels, 17 December 1992. For the CouncilThe PresidentR. NEEDHAM   (1)  OJ No C 230, 4. 9. 1991, p.  46.  (2)  OJ No C 67, 16. 3. 1992, p. 77; and OJ No C 305, 23. 11. 1992.  (3)OJ No C 49, 24. 2. 1992, p. 3.  (4)  OJ No L 42 23. 2. 1970, p. 1. Directive last amended by Directive 87/403/EEC (OJ No L 220, 8.  8. 1987, p. 44).   ANNEX I 1.SCOPEThis Directive applies to the external projections forward of the cab's  rear panel of motor vehicles of category N; it is limited to the external surface as defined below  and does not apply to the exterior rear-view mirrors, including their supports, or to the  accessories such as aerials and luggage racks. 2.DEFINITIONSFor the purposes of this Directive: 2.1.'External surface`   means that part of the vehicle forward of the cab's rear panel as defined  in 2.5, with the exception of the rear panel itself, and includes such items as the front wings,  front bumpers and front wheels; 2.2.'Vehicle type-approval`   means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to its external  projections; 2.3.'Vehicle type`   means motor vehicles which do not differ in such essential respects as the  'external surface`; 2.4.'Cab`   means that part of the bodywork which constitutes the driver and passenger compartment,  including the doors; 2.5.'Cab rear panel`   means the rearmost part of the external surface of the driver and passenger  compartment. Where it is not possible to determine the position of the rear cab panel, for the  purposes of this Directive it would be deemed to be the vertical transversal plane situated 50 cm  to the rear of the R point of the driver's seat, with the seat, if adjustable, located at its  rearmost driving position (see Annex III to Directive 77/649/EEC)  (1). If the cab is fitted with  more than one row of seats, the rearmost passenger seat in its rearmost position has to be taken  into account for the definition of the rear cab panel. However, the manufacturer may, with the  agreement of the technical services, request an alternative distance if 50  cm can be shown as  being inappropriate for particular vehicle; 2.6.'Reference plane`   means a horizontal plane passing through the centre of the front wheels or  a horizontal plane situated at the height of 50  cm above the ground, whichever is lower. This  plane is defined for the laden state of the vehicle; 2.7.'Floor line`   means a line determined as follows: When a vertical-axis cone of undetermined height having its side at an angle of 15° to the vertical  is moved about the external surface of the loaded vehicle so as to remain in contact with the  external surface of the body at its lowest point, the floor line is the geometrical trace of the  points of contact. In determining the floor line, no account is taken of the exhaust pipes or  wheels, or of functional mechanical features attached to the under-body such as jacking points,  suspension mountings or attachments for use in towing or in case of breakdown. In the spaces at the  outside of wheel arches an imaginary surface extending the adjacent external surfaces without  change of position is assumed. The front bumpers are taken into account in determining the floor  line. Depending on the type of vehicles, the trace of the floor line may be at either the outer  edge of the bumper profile or at the body panel below the bumper. Where there are two or more  points of contact at the same time, the lowest point of contact is used to determine the floor  line; 2.8.'Radius of curvature`   means the radius of the arc of a circle which comes closest to the  rounded form of the component under consideration. 2.9.'Laden vehicle`   means the vehicle at its technically permissible maximum laden mass and the  distribution of this mass among the axles as stated by the manufacturer. 3.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS3.1.The provisions of this Directive do not apply to these parts of the  'external surface` of the vehicle which, with the vehicle unladen, with doors, windows, access  lids, etc., in the closed position are either: 3.1.1.outside a zone having as its upper limit a horizontal plane situated 2,00 m above the ground  and as its lower limit either the reference plane defined in 2.6, or the floor line defined in 2.7,  as selected by the manufacturer; or3.1.2.located within the zone as described in 3.1.1, but in  static condition cannot be contracted by a sphere of 100 mm in diameter. 3.1.3.Where the reference plane is the lower limit of the zone, account is also taken of the parts  of the vehicle below the reference plane falling between two vertical planes, one touching the  extzernal surface of the vehicle and the other parallel to it and set at 80 mm towards the interior  of the vehicle from the point at which the reference plane touches the bodywork of the vehicle. 3.2.The 'external surface` of the vehicle must not exhibit, directed outwards, any part likely to  catch on pedestrians, cyclists or motor cyclists. 3.3.The 'external surface` of the vehicle must not exhibit, directed outwards, any pointed or sharp  parts or any projections of such shape, dimensions, direction or hardness as to be likely to  increase the risk or seriousness of bodily injury to a person hit by the external surface or  brushing against it in the event of a collision. 3.4.Projecting parts of the outer surface having a hardness of not more than 60 Shore A may have a  radius of curvature lower than the values prescribed in section 4 below. 4.SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS4.1.Ornaments, commercial symbols, letters and numbers of commercial  markings4.1.1.Ornaments, commercial symbols, letters and numbers of commercial markings must not  have any radius of curvature of less than 2,5 mm. This requirement does not apply to these parts if  they do not protrude more than 5 mm from the surrounding surface; however, in this case their edges  directed outwards must be blunted. 4.1.2.Ornaments, commercial symbols, letters and numbers of commercial markings, which project more  than 10 mm from the surrounding surface must retract, become detached or bend over under a force of  10 daN exerted at their most salient point in any direction in a plane approximately parallel to  the surface on which they are mounted. To apply 10daN force a flat-ended ram of not more than 50 mm  diameter is used. Where this is not possible, an equivalent method must be used. After the  ornaments are retracted, detached or bent over, the remaining portion must not project more than 10  mm and have no pointed, sharp or cutting edges. 4.2.Headlamp visors and rims4.2.1.Projecting visors and rims are permitted on headlamps provided  that their projection as measured in relation to the external transparent surface of the headlamp  does not exceed 30 mm and their radius of curvature is at least 2,5 mm throughout. 4.2.2.Retracting headlamps must meet the requirements of 4.2.1 in both operative and retracted  positions. 4.2.3.The provisions of 4.2.1 do not apply to headlamps recessed in the body, or where the headlamp  is overhung by the body, provided the bodywork conforms to the requirements of 3.2. 4.3.GrillesParts of grilles must exhibit a radius of curvature of: -   not less than 2,5 mm if the distance between adjacent parts is more than 40 mm, - not less than 1 mm if the distance is between 25 and 40 mm, - not less than 0,5 mm if the distance is less than 25 mm. 4.4.Windscreen and headlamp cleaning devices4.4.1.The abovementioned devices must be such that the  wiper shafts havbe a protective covering with a radius of curvature of not less than 2,5 mm and a  surface area of not less than 150 mm2 measured in the projection of a section not further than 6,5  mm from the most protruding point. 4.4.2.Nozzles for windscreen washer and headlamp cleaning devices must have a radius of curvature  of not less than 2,5 mm. Those protruding less than 5 mm must have blunted outward facing edges. 4.5.Protective devices (bumpers)4.5.1.The ends of front protective devices must be turned in  towards the external surface of the body. 4.5.2.The components of the front protective devices must be so designed that all rigid surfaces  facing outwards have a radius of curvature of not less than 5 mm. 4.5.3.Equipment such as towing hitches and winches must not protrude beyond the foremost surface of  the bumper. However, winches may protrude beyond the foremost surface of the bumper provided they  are covered when not in use by a suitable protective covering having a radius of curvature of not  less than 2,5 mm. 4.5.4.The requirements of 4.5.2 do not apply to parts of the bumper or parts mounted on or inset in  the bumper which project less than 5 mm. The edges of devices projecting less than 5 mm must be  blunted. With respect to devices mounted on the bumpers and referred to in other sections of this  Directive, the particular requirements contained in this Directive remain applicable. 4.6.Handles, hinges, pushbuttons of doors, luggage compartments, bonnets, vents, access flaps and  grab handles4.6.1.The above parts must not protrude more than: 30 mm in the case of pushbuttons,  70 mm in the case of grab handles and bonnet-fasteners, and 50 mm in all other cases. They must  have radii of curvature of not less than 2,5 mm. 4.6.2.If lateral door handles rotate to operate, they must meet one or other of the following  requirements: 4.6.2.1.in the case of handles which rotate parallel to the plane of the door the open end of  handles must be directed towards the rear. The end of such handles must be turned back towards the  plane of the door and fitted into a protective surround or be recessed; 4.6.2.2.handles which pivot outwards in any direction which are not parallel to the plane of the  door must, when in the closed position, be enclosed in a protective surround or be recessed. The  open end must face either rearwards or downwards. Nevertheless, handles which do not comply with this last condition may be accepted if: -   they have an independent return mechanism, - should the return mecanisms fail, they cannot project more than 15 mm, - they, in such opened position, have a radius of curvature not less than 2,5 mm (this requirement  does not apply if in maximum opened position the projection is less than 5 mm, in which case the  angles of the parts facing outwards must be blunted), - their end surface area, when measured not more than 6,5 mm from the point projecting furthest, is  not less than 150 mm2. 4.7.Running boardsThe edges of running boards and steps must be rounded. 4.8.Lateral air and rain deflectors and window anti-smear air deflectorsEdges capable of being  directed outwards must have a radius of curvature of not less than 1 mm. 4.9.Sheet metal edgesSheet metal edges are permitted provided that the edge is folded back towards  the body so that it cannot be touched by a sphere of 100 mm diameter or is provided with a  protective covering having a radius of curvature of not less than 2,5 mm. 4.10.Wheel nuts, hub caps and protective devices4.10.1.The wheel nuts, hub caps and protective  devices must not exhibit any fin-shaped projections. 4.10.2.When the vehicle is travelling in a straight line, no part of the wheels, other than the  tyres, situated above the horizontal plane, passing through their axis of rotation, must project  beyond the vertical projection in a horizontal plane, of the body panel edge above the wheel.  However, if functional requirements so warrant, the protective devices which cover wheel nuts and  hubs may project beyond the vertical projection of the body panel edge above the wheel, on  condition that radius of curvature of the surface of the projection part is not less than 5 mm and  that the projection beyond the vertical projection of the body panel edge above the wheel in no  case exceeds 30 mm. 4.10.3.Protective device(s) conforming to 4.10.2 must be fitted if bolts or nuts protrude beyond  the projection of the outside surface of the tyre (the part of the tyre situated above the  horizontal plane passing through the axis of rotation of the wheel). 4.11.Jacking points and exhaust pipe(s)4.11.1.The jacking points (if any) and exhaust pipe or  pipes must not project more than 10 mm beyond the vertical projection of the floor line or the  vertical projection of the intersection of the reference plane with the external surface of the  vehicle. 4.11.2.Notwithstanding the above requirement, an exhaust pipe may project more than 10 mm provided  that its edges are rounded at the end to a radius of curvature of not less than 2,5 mm. 4.12.Projections and distances must be measured according to the requirements of Annex III. 5.APPLICATION FOR EEC TYPE-APPROVAL5.1.The application for EEC type-approval of a vehicle type  whith regard to external projections must be submitted by the vehicle manufacturer or by his  authorized representative. 5.2.It must be accompanied by the undermentioned documents in triplicate: 5.2.1.a description of the vehicle type, its external projections forward of the cab's rear panel,  comprising the particulars referred to in Annex III, along with the documentation required in  application of Article 3 of Directive 70/156/EEC; 5.2.2.photographs of the front and the side parts of the vehicle; 5.2.3.such dimensional drawings of the external surface, containing the external projections,  R-point, the reference plane or floor line, which in the opinion of the technical service are  required in order to demonstrate compliance with the provisions in 3 and 4. 5.3.The applicant must submit to the technical service responsible for conducting the approval  test: 5.3.1.a vehicle represantative of the type to be approved and part(s) of the vehicle deemed  essential to carry out the checks and tests required by this Directive; 5.3.2.certain parts and samples of the materials used, if so required by the technical service. 6.EEC TYPE-APPROVALEEC type-approval is granted and a certificate conforming to the model in Annex  IV issued, if the vehicle submitted for approval conforms with the provisions described in section  5 and meets the requirements in sections 3 and 4. At the manufacturer's request, any category N1 vehicle may be type-approval with regard to its  external projections forward of the cab's rear panel on the basis of the technical specifications  of Directive 74/483/EEC  (1). 7.EXTENSION OF EEC TYPE-APPROVAL7.1.Every modification of the vehicle type or of its external  projections forward of the cab's rear panel must be communicated to the administrative department  which approved the vehicle type. That department may then either: 7.1.1.consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an appreciable adverse effect and  that in any case the vehicle still complies whith the requirements; or7.1.2.require a further test  report from the technical service responsible for conducting the tests. 7.2.The competent authority issuing the extension of approval must assign a series number of an  extension in the type-approval certificate as shown in Annex IV.   (1)  OJ No L 267, 19. 10. 1977, p. 1. Directive last amended by Directive 90/630/EEC  (OJ No L 341, 6. 12. 1990, p. 20).  (1)  OJ No L 266, 2. 10. 1974, p. 4.   ANNEX II MEASUREMENT OF PROJECTIONS AND DISTANCES 1.METHOD OF DETERMINING THE  DIMENSIONS OF THE PROJECTION OF A PART FITTED ON THE EXTERNAL SURFACE1.1.The dimensions of the  projection of a part mounted on a convex panel may b determined either directly or by reference to  a drawing of an appropriate section of the part in the fitted position. 1.2.If the projection of a part mounted on a panel other than convex cannot be determined by simple  measurement, it is determined by the maximum variation in the distance between the reference line  of the panel and the centre of a sphere of 100 mm diameter when the sphere is moved in constant  contact with the part. An example of the use of this method is given in figure 1. 1.3.For grab handles, the projection is measured in relation to a plane passing through the points  of attachment. An example is given in figure 2. 2.METHOD OF DETERMINING THE PROJECTION OF HEADLAMP VISORS AND RIMS2.1.The projection from the  outer surface of the headlamp is measured horizontally from the point of contact of a sphere of 100  mm diameter, as shown in figure 3. 3.METHOD OF DETERMINING THE DISTANCE BETWEEN PARTS OF A GRILLE3.1.The distance between parts of a  grille is the distance between two planes passing through the points of contact of the sphere and  perpendicular to the line joining the points of contact. Examples of the use of this method are  given in figures 4 and 5. >REFERENCE TO A FILM>  ANNEX III MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT (a) The following information, if applicable, must  be supplied in triplicate and must include a list of contents. Drawings, if any, must be supplied  in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail. If any systems, components or separate technical modules function by means of electronic controls,  details of their performance must be given. 0.GENERAL0.1.Make (trade name of manufacturer):   0.2.Type and general commercial  description(s):   0.3.Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b):     0.3.1.Location:   0.4.Category (c):   0.5.Name and address of manufacturer:   0.6.Location of  statutory plates and inscriptions and method of affixing: 0.6.1.On the chassis:   0.6.2.On the bodywork:   0.8.Address of assembly shops:   1.GENERAL  CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE1.1.Photographs or drawings of a typical vehicle: 1.2.Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle:   1.3.Number of axles and wheels: 1.3.2.Number and position of steered wheels: 1.7.Driving cab (forward or normal): 2.MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (in kg and mm) (refer to drawing where applicable)2.3.Axle track(s)  and width(s):   2.3.1.Track of each steered axle (i):   2.4.Range of vehicle dimensions  (overall)2.4.1.Chassis without bodywork2.4.1.2.Width (k):   2.4.1.3.Height (unladen) (l) (for  suspension adjustable for height, indicate normal running position):  2.4.1.4.Front overhang (m):   2.4.1.6.Ground clearance (as defined in 4.5.4 of Section A of  Annex II):   2.4.2.Chassis with bodywork2.4.2.2.Width (k):   2.4.2.3.Height (unladen) (l) (for  suspension adjustable for height, indicate normal running position): 2.4.2.4.Front overhang (m):   2.4.2.6.Ground clearance (as defined in 4.5.4 of Section A of Annex  II):   2.6.Mass of the vehicle with bodywork in running order, or mass of the chassis with cab if  the manufacturer does not fil the bodywork (including coolant, oils fuel, tools, spare wheel and  driver) (a) (maximum and minimum mass for each version):    2.6.1.Distribution of this mass among  the axles and in the case of a semi-trailer or of a trailer with central axles, the load on the  coupling point (maximum and minimum mass for each version):  2.8.Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer (maximum and minimum  mass for each version) (y):   2.8.1.Distribution of this mass among the axles and in the case of a  semi-trailer or a trailer with central axles, the road at the coupling point (maximum and minimum  figure for each version):  2.9.Technically permissible maximum mass on each axle and, in the case of a semi-trailer or a  trailer with central axle, the load on the coupling point stated by the manufacturer:     5.AXLES5.1.Drawing of each axle, together with a statement of the materials used and (optionally)  of the make and type:   6.SUSPENSION6.1.Drawing of the suspension arrangements:   6.2.Type and  design of the suspension of each axle or wheel:   6.2.1.Level adjustment: yes/no   (1)6.3.Characteristics of the springing parts of the suspension (design, characteristics of the  materials and dimensions):   6.6.Tyres and wheels6.6.1.Combination(s) of tyres and wheels(for  tyres, give the designation of the dimensions, the minimum load capacity index, the minimum speed  category symbol; for wheels, state the rim dimensions and clearances)6.6.1.1.Axle No 1:    6.6.1.2.Axle No 2:     etc. 6.6.3.Tyre pressures as recommended by the manufacturer:   9.11.External projections:    9.11.1.General arrangement (drawing or photographs) indicating the positions of projecting  components:   9.11.2.Drawings or photographs of components such as door and window pillars,  air-intake grilles, radiator grilles, gutters, handles, slide rails, flaps, door hinges and locks,  hooks, eyes, decorative trim, badges emblems and recesses and any other external projections or  parts of the exterior surface which can be regarded as critical (e.g. lighting equipment). If the  parts listed above are not critical, for documentation purposes they may be replaced by  photographs, accompanied if necessary by dimensional details or text:    9.11.3.Drawings of parts  of the exterior surface in accordance with section 6.9.1 of Annex I to Directive 74/483/EEC:    9.11.4.Drawing of bumpers:   9.11.5.Drawing of the foor line: 9.16.Wheel covering:   9.16.1.Brief description of the type of vehicle with regard to its wheel  covering:    9.16.2.Detailed drawings of the wheel coverings and of their positions on the  vehicle indicating the dimensions stated in Figure 1 in Annex I to Directive 78/549/EEC, taking  account of the extremes of tyre/wheel combinations:    9.17.Statutory plates and  inscriptions9.17.1.Photographs or drawings of the locations of the statutory plates and  inscriptions and of the chassis number:   9.17.2.Photographs or drawings of the official part of  the plates and inscriptions (with an indication of dimensions):   9.17.3.Photographs or drawings  of the chassis number (with an indication of dimensions):  9.17.4.Explanation of compliance with the requirements of section 3 of Annex I to Directive  76/114/EEC drawn up by the manufacturer:    9.17.4.1.Meaning of the characters used in the second  part and, if appropriate, in the third part, to comply with 3.1.1.2:    9.17.4.2.If characters  are used in the second part to comply with 3.1.1.3, indication of those characters:     (1)  Delete where inapplicable.   ANNEX IV MODEL(maximum format: A4 (210 mm  ×  297 mm))EEC TYPE-APPROVAL  CERTIFICATE(vehicle)>TABLE>Communication concerning the-  type-approval  (1)-   extension of type-approval  (1)-  refusal of type-approval  (1)-  withdrawal of type-approval   (1)of a type of a vehicle with regard to Directive 92/104/EEC relating to the external projections  forward of the cat's rear panel of motor vehicles of category NEEC type-approval No:  ............................................... Extension No:   SECTION I0.GENERAL0.1.Make  (name of undertaking):   0.2.Type and general commercial description:   0.3.Means of  identification of type if marked on the vehicle  (2):    0.3.1.Location of that marking:    0.4.Category of vehicle  (3):   0.5.Name and address of manufacturer of basic vehicle:    Name  and address of manufacturer responsible or carrying out the last stage of the vehicle's  construction:    0.8.Name(s) and address(es) of assembly plant(s): SECTION II1.Additional information for a vehicle chassis cab/complete vehicle with bodywork   (1)1.1.Type of cab (forward or normal):    1.2.Width of cab on the vehicle:     mm1.3.Height of  cab on the vehicle:     mm1.4.Technically permissible maximum mass of the vehicle:      t1.5.Technically permissible maximum masses on the front axle(s): 1.5.1.1. Axle:     t1.5.2.2. Axle:     t1.5.3.3. Axle  (1)     t1.6.Tyre/wheel-sizes:    2.Technical department responsible for carrying out the tests:    3.Date of test report:    4.Number of test report:   5.Ground(s) for extending type-approval (where appropriate):     6.Comments (if any):    6.1.The vehicle type including the bodywork also complies with the  requirements of Directive 74/483/EEC: yes/no  (1)7.Place:   8.Date:   9.Signature:   10.A list  of documents making up the type-approval file lodged with the administrative department that has  granted type-approval, which may be obtained on request is attached.  (1)  Delete where inapplicable.  (2)  If the means of identification of type contains characters not relevant to describe the  vehicle types covered by this type-approval certificate such characters must be represented in the  documentation by the symbol '?` (e.g. abc ??123??).  (3)  As defined by footnote (b) of Annex I to Directive 70/156/EEC.  (1)  Delete where inapplicable.