CELEX: 51978PC0677
Language: en
Date: 1978-12-05
Title: PROPOSAL FOR A COUNCIL DIRECTIVE ( EEC ) ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE LAWS OF THE MEMBER STATES RELATING TO SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR TOWER CRANES FOR BUILDING WORK

2 9 . 1. 7 9                                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                                      No C 25/9
                                                                           ANNEX Vf
                                                     Minimum fish size (cm) referred to in Article 6
                                                                            T h a t part of Region 1 inside                  Region       Region
                                                                         ICES sub-areas II, V, XII a n d XIV                     2          3
             Cod (Gadus morhua)                                                           34C)                                30           30
             Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)                                           31                                  27            27
             Hake (Merluccius merluccius)                                                 30                                  30            30
             Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)                                               25                                  25            25
             Witch (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus)                                           28                                  28            28
             Lemon sole (Microstomias kitt)                                               25                                  25            25
             Sole (Solea solea)                                                           24                                  24            24
             Turbot (Psetta maxima)                                                       30                                  30            30
             Brill (Scophthalmus rhombus)                                                 30                                  30            30
             Megrim (Lepidorhombus spp)                                                   25                                  25            25
             Whiting (Merlangius merlangus)                                               27                                  27            23
             Dab (Limanda limanda)                                                        15                                  15            15
             Saithe (Pollachius virens)                                                   35                                  30(:)         30
             Common sea bream (Pagellus bogaraveo)                                          —                                  —            12
             Red mullet (Mullus surmuletus)                                                 —                                  —            15
             Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)                                                    —                                 26            25
             Conger eel (Conger conger)                                                     —                                  —            58
             Pollack (Pollachius pollachius)                                                —                                  —            22
             Ling (Molva molva)                                                                                                —            63
             Shad (Alosa spp)                                                                                                  —            30
             Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio)                                                                                       —           145
             Grey mullet (Mugil spp)                                                        —                                  —            20
             Salmon (Salmo salar)                                                           —                                  —            48
             Trout (Salmo trutta)                                                           —                                  —            23
             (') T h e m i n i m u m size in I C N A F sub-area 1 shall be 4 0 cm.
             ( 2 ) Except landings of saithe c a u g h t in t h e area east of a line d r a w n f r o m H a n s t h o l m t o Lindesnes.
             Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the M e m b e r States
                                   relating to safety requirements for tower cranes for building work
                                 (Submitted       by the Commission             to the Council          on 8 December               1978)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                                                 Whereas in each Member State the design and
                                                                                         construction of tower cranes for building work are
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European                                    subject to safety provisions which differ from one
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100                                        Member State to another and consequently hinder trade
thereof,                                                                                 in these lifting appliances; whereas it is therefore
                                                                                         necessary to approximate these provisions;
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard        to     the      opinion        of   the     European
Parliament,
                                                                                         Whereas Council Directive 7 8 /                    /EEC of     on the
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social                                  approximation of the laws of the Member States relating
Committee,                                                                               to c o m m o n provisions for lifting and mechanical
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/10                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                  29. 1. 79
handling appliances laid down a series of common                                               Article 2
procedures     such       as    EEC     type-approval,    EEC
type-examination and EEC independent certification for               EEC-tower cranes shall undergo EEC type-examination
the placing on the market of these lifting and mechanical            and EEC inspection in accordance with the provisions of
handling appliances; whereas in the case of dismountable             Article 2 of Council Directive 78/        /EEC of
tower cranes for building work EEC type-examination
and EEC inspection should be provided for;
                                                                                               Article 3
Whereas this Directive, like Council Directive
78/       /EEC of . . . . on the approximation of the laws
                                                                     1.     Member States shall ensure that the approved
of the Member States relating to the permissible sound
                                                                     bodies, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 9 to
emission level for tower cranes, is a separate Directive
                                                                     15 of Council Directive 78/          /EEC of      , grant an
within the meaning of Council Directive 78/            /EEC of
                                                                     EEC type-examination certificate only when the type of
                                                                     tower crane complies with the requirements laid down in
                                                                     the Annex to this Directive.
Whereas technical progress requires rapid adaptation of
the technical requirements; whereas the procedure laid               2.     The approved bodies shall ensure that EEC
down in Article 22 of Council Directive 78/            /EEC of       inspection is carried out in accordance with the
      should therefore be adopted for amendments and                 provisions of Articles 16 to 19 of Council Directive
adaptations to this Directive,                                       78/     /EEC of
                                                                     3.     The approved bodies shall issue an EEC
                                                                     type-examination certificate, a model of which is shown
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
                                                                     in Annex III to Council Directive 78/          /EEC of       ,
                                                                     for each type of tower crane for building work which
                                                                     meets the requirements laid down in the Annex to this
                             Article 1                               Directive.
 1.    This    Directive        applies    to     power-driven       4.     The manufacturer or his authorized agent shall, in
 dismountable tower cranes for building work.                        accordance with Article 20 of Council Directive
                                                                     78/     /EEC of       , issue a certificate of conformity, a
                                                                     model of which is shown in Annex IV to that Directive,
2.     For the purposes of this Directive 'tower crane'
                                                                     for each type of tower crane for building w o r k
 means a power-driven lifting appliance consisting of a
                                                                     constructed in conformity with the type which has
 vertical tower with a jib fitted to the upper part.
                                                                     undergone EEC type-examination.
 The appliance shall be equipped with means for raising              5.     Furthermore, the manufacturer or his authorized
 and lowering suspended loads and for horizontal                     agent shall affix beside or on the instruction plate of the
 movement of such loads by variation of load lifting                 crane an indelible and durable EEC conformity mark in
 radius, slewing and travelling of the complete appliance.           accordance with Article 20 of Council Directive
 The appliance may be installed in a fixed position or               78/      /EEC of       and Annex I to that Directive.
 equipped with means for travel.
 3.    An 'EEC-tower crane' means any tower crane for
 building work which satisfies the requirements of this                                         Article 4
 Directive.
                                                                     N o Member State may, on grounds relating to the
                                                                     requirements laid down in this Directive, refuse, prohibit
 4.    For the purposes of this Directive 'building w o r k '        or restrict the placing on the market and the entry into
 means work on building and public works sites where                 service of the tower cranes for building work referred to
 the crane is dismantled on completion of the work.                  in Article 1 (2) and (3) where these are accompanied by a
                                                                     certificate of conformity and bear the conformity mark
 5.    This Directive does not apply to:                              referred to in Article 3 of this Directive.
 — permanently erected tower cranes,
 — power-driven mobile jib cranes which may be fitted                                           Article S
     with a tower attachment,
                                                                      Amendments necessary to adjust the Annex to this
 — dockside and shipbuilders' tower cranes,                           Directive to technical progress shall be adopted in
                                                                      accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 22 of
 — erection masts, with or without jibs.                              Council Directive 78/       /EEC of
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                                          Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 N o C 25/11
                             Article 6                                          in sufficient time for it to submit its comments, of any
                                                                                draft laws, regulations or administrative provisions
1.    Member States shall bring into force the laws,                            which they propose to adopt in the field covered by this
regulations and administrative provisions necessary to                          Directive.
comply with this Directive within 18 months of its
notification and shall forthwith inform the Commission
thereof.
                                                                                                                   Article 7
2.    Once this Directive has been notified, the Member
States shall also ensure that the Commission is informed,                       This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
                                                                        ANNEX
              1.          Cabins and entrances
              1.1.        For cranes with a horizontal jib having an effective w o r k i n g m o m e n t exceeding 6 0 0 k N m (*) or
                          with a jib which is positioned at a height of m o r e than 25 m above f o u n d a t i o n level, a cabin
                          rotating with the tower is obligatory if the crane is controlled f r o m a position on the crane m 6 r e
                          than 2 m f r o m the g r o u n d on which it is set up.
                          For cranes with a luffing jib having an effective w o r k i n g m o m e n t exceeding 6 0 0 k N m (*) or
                          with the heel of the jib on the tower positioned at a height of m o r e than 20 m above f o u n d a t i o n
                          level, a cabin rotating with the tower is obligatory if the crane is controlled f r o m a position on
                          the crane m o r e than 2 m from the g r o u n d on which it is set up.
              1.2.         If the appliance is provided with a cabin it shall not be suspended f r o m a jib. It m a y be attached
                           to or positioned in the tower b u t in such a way that it c a n n o t be crushed if the jib accidentally
                           falls.
                          When the cabin is situated inside the t o w e r the w i n d o w sections m a y p r o t r u d e t h r o u g h the mast
                          structure.
               1.3.       The cabin shall be sufficiently large to allow safe operation of the crane and permit proper
                          visibility f r o m the seat.
              1.4.         The usable internal dimensions of the cabin shall not be less t h a n :
                          length: 0 - 8 0 m,
                          width: 0 - 8 0 m,
                          height: 2 00 m.
               1.5.       T h e cabin ceiling shall be s m o o t h and shall not have any kind of projection.
               1.6.       T h e cabin shall:
               1.6.1.     — be provided with a roof capable of supporting at any p o i n t a mass of 100 kg distributed
                               over a surface of 30 cm X 3 0 cm;
               1.6.2.     -— a f f o r d protection to the crane-driver in atmospheric conditions such as rain, or extremes of
                               heat or cold;
               1.6.3.     — be provided with an efficient and intrinsically safe means of heating, which shall be fixed in
                                a p e r m a n e n t position;
               1.6.4.     — be adequately ventilated;
               1.6.5.     — be provided with equipment to give adequate and efficient artificial lighting;
               1.6.6.     — have an integral cabin seat which is c o m f o r t a b l e a n d adjustable;
               1.6.7.     — allow the w i n d o w - p a n e s t o be cleaned without risk; the f r o n t w i n d o w and if necessary the
                               other w i n d o w s shall have (a) windscreen wiper(s);
               (') As per definition of the nominal characteristics of tower cranes indicated in the addendum.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 25/12                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                      29. 1. 79
            1.6.8.  — be provided with windows which shall be of safety glass or of a synthetic material which
                        resists ignition and does not lose transparency under the influence of natural light;
           1.6.9.  — have a fixed thermally insulated non-skid glass panel at the foot rest position;
           1.6.10. — with the exception of the windows, be constructed of materials which resist ignition.
           1.7.    Internal combustion engines shall not be installed in the cabin. Exhaust pipes shall be so
                   constructed and installed as to prevent the entry of exhaust gases into the cabin and to prevent
                   the driver's visibility from becoming obscured.
           1.8.    Access to the cabin shall be provided by a door which opens outwards and which is fitted with a
                   mechanical closing device. The door shall lead to landings or gangways.
           1.9.    It shall, however, be permissible to have access to the cabin by means of a trap-door in the floor
                   or in the ceiling of the cabin when, from a construction viewpoint, it is not possible to have an
                   access door (as provided for in 1.8), on condition that when access is gained by way of a
                   trap-door in the floor:
                   — when the trap-door is in the open position there remains a minimum floor surface of
                        0 80 X 0 - 5 0 m,
                   — the trap-door can only be opened towards the inside of the cabin,
                   — an emergency exit is provided by an emergency trap-door either in the ceiling or on the side
                        of the cabin. This trap-door shall be reached by an emergency ladder.
                   The dimensions of these trap-doors shall be at least 0-50 X 0 60 m and they shall be provided
                   with a locking device to maintain them in the open position. The trap-door in the ceiling shall
                   only open upwards.
           1.10.   When some oblique or vertical walls have windows situated at a level lower than 1 0 0 m in
                   relation to the floor, the glazed portions shall be protected to a height of 1 00 m by horizontal
                   bars at 0 • 25 m, 0 • 50 m and 1 0 0 m from the floor or by vertical bars at 0 20 m intervals or by
                   a suitable arrangement which does not obstruct the driver's visibility.
                   Each bar shall be capable of withstanding a force of 1 000 N without noticeable deformation.
           1.11.   When the floor is provided with windows including oblique elements these shall be protected in
                   an identical manner to that described in 1.10 above.
           1.12.   When the control station is situated at the foot of the crane, it shall be protected by a roof which
                   is capable of absorbing the energy of a steel sphere of mass 7 kg falling through a vertical
                   distance of 2 metres.
           2.      Access
           2.1.1.   All control stations and all parts of the crane to which access is required for inspection or
                    regular maintenance operations shall be provided with safe means of access.
           2.1.2.  The areas referred to in the preceding paragraph which are located more than 2 m above the
                   ground, and also the jibs shall be accessible by means of stairs, landings, gangways or ladders.
                   Stairs shall have hand-rails on both sides.
           2.1.3.  In order to carry out erection or dismantling operations, inspection, emergency repairs or
                   maintenance of parts located more than 2 m above the ground, the crane, including the jib, shall
                   be provided with sufficient support equipment (e.g. hand-rails, hand-grips, platforms, safety
                   equipment, etc.) to ensure the safety of personnel and to allow them access to the places of
                   work.
                   Pulleys and moving parts located along a jib shall be so constructed as to eliminate the necessity
                   for greasing maintenance between the erection and dismantling of the crane. If this is not the
                   case, means of access shall be provided in the jib.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                          N o C 25/13
                                                                 Figure 1
                                                                          Protective device against fall
                                                                  300 mm
                                                                 Figure 2
                                                                                Protective device against fall
                                                                                                       I
                                                                   300 mm
                                                                  Figure 3
                                                                              Hand-rail
                                              > 300 mm
          Figure 1:
          Where gangways are provided in jibs of a structural height of not more than 1 • 50 m, these gangways shall
          be fitted along the side of the jib. In this case, it is accepted that the diagonal bars have to be stepped over.
          As a protection against fall a hand-rail shall be fitted all the way along the longitudinal supports to which
          the worker's safety belt can be attached.
          Figure 2:
          Where gangways are provided in jibs of a structural height of more than 1 50 m but not more than
          1 • 80 m, these shall also be fitted along the side. The guide rail specified in Figure 1 acting as a protective
          device against fall shall be fitted 1 50 m above the gangway.
          Figure 3:
          Where gangways are provided in jibs of a structural height greater than 1-80 m, the gangways shall be
          fitted to the centre of the longitudinal lower supports. At a height of 1 m above the floor of the gangway
          hand-rails shall be provided to act as protective devices against fall, at least on one side and possibly on
          both sides.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/14                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                        29. 1. 79
            2.1.4.    The abovementioned means of access need not be installed in the jibs where the latter can be
                      lowered to enable a complete visual inspection to be carried out or where another appropriate
                      means of carrying out a visual inspection is provided for in the construction.
            2.2.      Ladders and stairs
            2.2.1.    These are defined as follows:
            2.2.1.1. — stairs: accesses forming an angle of not more than 65° to the horizontal plane;
            2.2.1.2. — ladders: accesses forming an angle of not less than 75° but less than 90° to the horizontal
                                     plane.
            2.2.1.3. Accesses forming an angle of more than 65° but less than 75° to the horizontal plane are
                      forbidden.
            2.2.2.    Stairs
            2.2.2.1.  The stairs shall be provided with a hand-rail on both sides at a height of 1 m vertically above the
                      edge of each step together with an intermediate rail located at half height.
            2.2.2.2. The steps shall be of the non-skid type and shall be rounded off to protect the feet.
                      The rise between the steps shall not exceed 0 20 m and shall preferably comply with the
                      following formula:
                                      Twice the height of the step + one projection = 0 63 m.
                      The width of the steps shall be at least 0 60 m.
                      The distance between the steps shall be constant.
            2.2.3.    Ladders
                      Ladders shall have the following characteristics:
            2.2.3.1. — the minimum width between uprights shall be 0 30 m;
             2.2.3.2. — the rungs shall be spaced equally at intervals of between 0 -25 m and 0 30 m inclusive;
             2.2.3.3. — there shall be a free space behind the rungs of at least 0 16 m in depth and of a width at
                           least equivalent to the width between the uprights;
            2.2.3.4. — the minimum diameter of the rungs shall be 16 mm.
            2.2.3.5. A rung shall be capable of supporting at its centre a force of 1 200 N without becoming
                      permanently bent.
            2.2.3.6. Vertical or slightly inclined ladders which give access to a height of more than 5 m shall be fitted
                      with hoop-guards from a point 2 50 m above their departure platform. The diameter of the
                      hoops shall be between 0 • 70 and 0 80 m.
            2.2.3.7. The distance between two hoops shall be at most 0 -90 m.
                      The hoops shall be connected by at least three longitudinal bars spaced equally around the
                      hoop.
                      In all cases a bar shall be fixed in a position diametrically opposite to the vertical line through
                      the centre of the ladder.
            2.2.3.8. The strength of the hoop-guards supported by the longitudinal bars shall permit the application,
                      at any point on a hoop, of a force of 1 000 N distributed over 10 cm without any visible
                      deformation.
            2.2.3.9.  A hoop-guard is not required when the ladder is located inside a structure if this acts as a back
                      guard and if the free passage between the ladder and the structure is between 0 • 70 and 0 80 m
                      inclusive. It is considered as ensuring equivalent protection if the characteristics of the structure
                      are such that the vertical distance between the bars is always less than O - 75 m in the area where
                      protection is necessary and that the diameter of the circle inscribed between the ladder and the
                      bars is less than 0 75 m.
            2.2.3.10. Ladders shall have rest platforms placed in such a way that the first flight does not exceed 10 m
                      and that subsequent landings are provided every 6 m.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                              O f f i c i a l J o u r n a l of t h e E u r o p e a n C o m m u n i t i e s                No C 25/15
           2.2.3.11. Flights of ladders shall be positively separated from one another where this is possible.
          2.2.3.12. In the case of telescopic cranes the flight of 10 m may be exceeded on external masts depending
                     on the type of the construction.
          2.2.3.13. Emergency ladders
                     The emergency ladders specified in 1.9 shall comply with the requirements laid down in clauses
                     2.2.3.1 to 2.2.3.5 inclusive.
          2.2.4.     Floors and platforms
          2.2.4.1.   Any floor or platform more than 2 m above ground level shall be of all-metal construction and
                     shall have a surface which minimizes the risk of slipping.
          2.2.4.2. There shall be no possibility of water accumulation.
          2.2.4.3.   They shall be provided with guard rails consisting of:
                    — a hand-rail, 0 • 90 to 1 00 m above the flooring,
                    — an intermediate rail at half height,
                    — a toe-guard 0 10 m in height,
                    or any other arrangement which gives at least equivalent protection.
           2.2.4.4. In the case of perforated plates, gratings or any other items which do not form a continuous
                    surface, the perforations or apertures shall not admit a sphere 20 mm in diameter and in no case
                    shall their area be greater than 400 mm 2 .
          3.        Operator's position and control devices
          3.1.       The operator's position shall be so designed and installed as to ensure easy and safe control of
                    the crane. In addition, the driver's view over the crane's field of action shall not be obstructed by
                     any part of the crane irrespective of its position.
          3.2.      The force necessary to move a handle or control lever shall not exceed 100 N ; that required to
                    move a pedal shall not exceed 200 N.
          3.3.1.    The position and design of the control devices shall be such that they can be easily operated and
                    that neither the crane nor the load can be set in motion by inadvertent action.
          3.3.2.    The motion shall stop automatically as soon as the control device is released.
          3.4.      Every device for controlling the crane or the load shall bear conspicuous markings to indicate
                    the nature and direction of the movement it controls.
          3.5.1.    When control levers of the ball-and-socket or universal joint type are used the movements of the
                    crane shall conform to the following lever movements:
                    movement     of the crane                                           direction of lever movement
                    — hoisting, luffing in, inward movement of the — towards the operator (lever backwards),
                        crab or jib if the latter is capable of moving
                        horizontally,
                    — lowering of the load, lowering of the jib,                        — away from the operator (lever forwards),
                        outward movement of the crab or jib if the
                        latter is capable of moving horizontally,
                    — slewing to the right,                                             — lever to the right,
                    — slewing to the left.                                              — lever to the left.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/16                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                   29. 1. 79
            3.5.2. For wheel control devices the movements of the crane shall conform to the following wheel
                   movements:
                   movement     of the crane                           direction of wheel movement
                   — hoisting, luffing in, slewing right, inward       — rotation clockwise,
                        movement of the crab or jib if the latter is
                        capable of moving horizontally,
                   — lowering of the load, luffing out, slewing — rotation anti-clockwise.
                        left, outward movement of the crab or jib if
                        the latter is capable of moving horizontally.
            3.6.   All essential and necessary information regarding the safe use of the crane in normal service and
                   the precautions to be taken if there is a likelihood of high winds or storm conditions shall be
                   displayed conspicuously, legibly and indelibly, in the national language or languages, at the
                   operator's position and at other appropriate points on the crane.
            3.7.   A box shall be provided on every crane for the storage of documents relating to the safety of the
                    crane.
            4.     Protection of transmission mechanisms
            4.1.   All transmission parts such as drives, projecting axle ends, wheels, belt-drives, chains and
                   couplings which constitute a risk during normal operation, maintenance or adjustment shall be
                   adequately protected.
            4.2.   Gearing which constitutes a hazard shall have a rigid protective guard.
            4.3.   Rail wheels which constitute a hazard shall be fitted with a protective device.
            5.     Locking devices for drives and couplings
                   Dog clutches and reverse gearings which are likely to constitute a hazard in the event of
                   tripping, release or sudden reversing shall have an efficient locking device.
            6.     Protection against falling objects
            6.1.   Overhanging components (whether moving or not) or removable parts such as gears, pulleys,
                   brake pulleys, brake counterweights, covers, lids and boxes shall be assembled and fixed in such
                   a way as to prevent their accidental displacement if such movement constitutes a hazard.
            6.2.   Lids and cupboard doors shall be fitted with hinges or other devices which prevent their
                   accidental displacement and a locking device to maintain the lids and cupboards in the open
                   position.
            7.     Transmission mechanisms and brakes
            7.1.   Every tower crane shall be equipped during all its operations with effective brakes (or any other
                   equivalent device) which are appropriate for use and are capable of stopping and maintaining in
                   the stopped position the movements of the crane and its heaviest loads, including test loads.
            7.2.   If the appliance is fitted with a mechanism for raising and lowering the hook, the operation of
                   which allows passage through a neutral position, a device shall automatically immobilize the
                   movement before reaching the neutral position and maintain it immobilized during the
                   operation. Furthermore, the configuration of the kinematic chain shall be such that the
                   continuity of the transmission between the immobilization device and the winding drum cannot
                   be interrupted.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                         Official Journal of the European Communities                                      N o C 25/17
          7.3.   The hoist winches shall be so designed and constructed that during normal operation any
                 uncontrolled descent of the load is impossible.
                 It shall not be possible, during any operation, to lower the load using the brake only.
          7.4.   Hoist winches shall be so designed that under the maximum permissible load the lowering speed
                 specified by the manufacturer shall not be exceeded by more than 1 0 % .
          7.5.   The release of the control device shall cause automatic application of the brakes or equivalent
                 devices for hoisting, luffing, travelling or movement of the crab or jib. The brakes or equivalent
                 devices shall remain locked on in the stopped position. Movements shall be stopped in such a
                 way that the crane is not subjected to any dangerous stresses.
          7.6.   Brakes shall comply with the following requirements:
          7.6.1. — brakes which operate automatically shall be so designed and constructed that manual
                      intervention from the operator's position is not possible during braking;
          7.6.2. — be designed and constructed in such a manner as to ensure smooth application, without
                      shock, jerking or excessive deceleration;
          7.6.3. — be capable of adjustment;
          7.6.4. — be adequately protected against bad weather, dust and ingress of water or oil;
          7.6.5. — be so constructed that essential components for the correct functioning of the brakes, such
                      as counterweights, drum winches or springs cannot be accidentally displaced or detached;
          7.6.6. — where springs are used they shall function only in compression.
          7.7.   The correct functioning of the brakes or equivalent devices shall not be influenced by the failure
                 of the power supply. Any failure shall bring about the application of the brake(s) and bring to a
                 stop the related movement(s).
          7.8.   The provisions laid down in the foregoing points are not applicable to devices provided and
                 designed to maintain the crane in a fixed position.
          8.     Wire-ropes and chains
                 This paragraph does not cover 'standing wire-ropes'.
          8.1.   Wire-ropes for use with cranes shall be made of steel.
          8.2.   Steel wire-ropes which are wound on winding drums or pass over pulleys shall be made up of at
                 least 114 wires. They shall not have more than one fibre core.
          8.3.   Each steel wire-rope shall be in a single length and shall not be spliced except at the end
                 terminations. Eye splices shall be made with at least three tucks with a whole strand of the rope,
                 and two tucks with one half of the wires cut out of each strand. This requirement shall not
                 prevent the use of another type of manual or mechanical splice which can be shown to be of
                 equal or greater efficiency.
          8.4.   Under static conditions, the load on the wire-rope shall not exceed one-fifth of the minimum
                 breaking load as guaranteed by the manufacturer.
          8.5.   The crane manufacturer shall show, by calculation, that the ratio between the effective breaking
                 load of the new rope and the maximum force induced in the rope, at the hoist winch position, is
                 not less than 3 55.
          8.6.   The wire-ropes of trolley winches shall have a minimum breaking load guaranteed by the rope
                 manufacturer, which shall be at least equal to 4 5 times the maximum force induced in the rope
                 by the traction motion in the most unfavourable conditions (wind, starting, stopping,
                 centrifugal force, etc.).
                 The nominal diameter shall not be less than 6 mm.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/18                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                      29. 1. 79
            8.7.    The length of wire-rope on a winding drum shall be such that in all possible working conditions
                    at least two complete turns remain on the drum.
            8.8.    Chains, rings and accessories which constitute integral parts of the crane shall:
                    — be made of steel,
                    — not be subjected to a static load greater than one-fifth of their breaking load when new.
            9.      Lifting hooks
            9.1.    Lifting hooks shall be made from a type of steel which does not deteriorate with age.
            9.2.    Lifting hooks under a test load equal to twice the maximum permissible load shall not show any
                    sign of permanent deformation.
            9.3.    Lifting hooks shall be of a pattern or type which will not allow the accidental unhooking of the
                    loads.
                    Their design shall be such that any accidental engagement with surrounding objects during
                    lifting operations is avoided.
            10.     Winding drums and pulleys
            10.1.   Wire-rope drums of winches for lifting or luffing, for travelling of the trolley or the horizontal
                    movement of the jib shall:
            10.1.1. — be of the grooved type. The radius and the pitch of the grooves shall be suited to the
                         diameter of the wire-rope so as to ensure correct winding of the wire-rope on the drum. The
                         metal shall be of sufficient hardness to prevent indentation by the rope and the grooves shall
                         have smooth machine surfaces;
            10.1.2. — be fitted with a flange at each end unless other effective and permanent precautions are
                         taken to prevent the rope inadvertently leaving the drum. The flanges shall project at least
                         two rope diameters beyond the level of the last layer of wound rope;
            10.1.3. — be fitted with a device to allow the wire-rope to be secured on the drum without damage.
                         This device shall be easily accessible for inspection;
            10.1.4. — be of a diameter measured at the bottom of the groove at least equal to 20 times the nominal
                         diameter of the wire-rope.
            10.2.   The wire-rope shall wind on the drum in close and regular turns.
            10.3.   Each rope pulley shall:
            10.3.1. — have a device which prevents the wire-rope becoming displaced from its groove;
            10.3.2. — be of a nominal diameter measured at the bottom of the groove at least equal to 22 times the
                         diameter of the wire-rope;
            10.3.3. — have a groove which is suited to the diameter of the wire-rope.
            10.4.   Wire-rope winch drives employed for travelling the jib trolley or moving the jib horizontally
                    shall not be dependent on friction traction with the exception of cranes of which the maximum
                    permissible load does not exceed 10 kN, or when the crane can lift its maximum load at any
                    radius.
            11.     Safety devices
            11.1.   Each mechanical motion of a tower crane shall be fitted with operational limiting devices.
            11.2.    These devices shall cause the mechanism to stop when the following extreme permissible
                     positions have been reached:
            11.2.1. — the highest and lowest position of the lifting hook;
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                  N o C 25/19
          11.2.2. — the extreme permissible operating positions of the jib if a luffing movement is part of normal
                      working operations;
          11.2.3. — the positions at the end of the trolley track on the jib. For cranes having a trolley speed of
                      not more than 25 m/min and a maximum load of less than 10 kN, no end-of-travel limiter
                      for the trolley is required if friction drive is employed;
          11.2.4. — the end positions of horizontally telescoping jibs;
          11.2.5. — the positions at the ends of the tracks for rail-mounted travelling tower cranes.
                       (If a crane is equipped with a means for movement, end-of-travel devices shall be placed on
                       the crane chassis.)
          11.3.   The functioning of the devices mentioned above shall not prevent movement in the opposite
                  direction after stopping and application of the brakes.
          11.4.   Cranes shall be provided with:
          11.4.1. — a maximum rated load limiter regulated closely to the rated load;
          11.4.2. — an overturning moment limiter when the rated load varies with the radius.
                  This limiter shall be regulated closely to the rated load at the appropriate radii.
          11.4.3. In every case the limiters shall act to prevent the lifting of a load which is at most equal to
                  1 1 0 times the rated load, the load being lifted under normal conditions of use.
          11.4.4. The action of these devices shall cause braking and stopping of the following motions:
                   — lifting,
                   — increase in load radius tending to increase the load moment,
                   — slewing,
                   — travelling.
          11.4.5. Movements of:
                  — lowering,
                  — decrease in load radius tending to reduce the load moment shall be obtainable by using the
                      normal control devices.
          11.4.6. For slewing and travel movements the crane driver shall be in a position voluntarily to cancel,
                  after the movement has stopped, the action of the devices which caused these movements to
                  stop.
          12.     Indicators and instruction plates
          12.1.    When its radius multiplied by the maximum load is greater than 600 kNrri, or the height under               \
                  the hook is greater than 25 m, the crane shall have an instrument panel located in the cabin
                   which indicates the following:
                  — moment,
                  — radius,
                  — load.
                  These indicators shall be such that they can be easily and simultaneously read by the operator
                  and are within the operator's field of vision.
          12.2.   Other cranes which are not equipped with the abovementioned indicators shall be equipped
                  with radius markers (plates, range-poles, etc.) with the indication of the corresponding
                  maximum permissible load.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/20                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                        29. 1. 79
                     These indicators shall be clearly visible from any operating position.
            12.3.    The crane shall be fitted with (a) sound signalling device(s) of a distinctive tone.
                     The sound of this/these device(s) shall be clearly audible within the working area of the crane.
                     The device(s) shall be actuated from the operator's position.
            12.4.    For cranes higher than 25 m, connections for an intercommunication system shall be provided
                     in the cabin and in the lower part of the crane.
            12.5.    Wind, loading device
            12.5.1.  The crane shall be fitted with a device for turning the jib in relation to the wind direction. The
                     control system of this device shall be easily accessible and easily manageable from the operator's
                     position.
            12.5.2.  The crane shall also be capable of being fitted with a device for turning the jib in relation to the
                     wind direction that can be operated and managed from an easily accessible and clearly marked
                     ground position. It shall not be possible, however, to use this device when the circuit which
                     allows the crane movements to be controlled from the operator's position is open.
            12.5.3.  The operator shall be able at any time to take over control of the slewing motion from his
                     position.
            12.6.    For cranes with a horizontal jib resilient buffer stops shall be provided at the trolley travel limit
                     positions.
            12.7.    A crane with a crab or with a jib and counterweight travelling horizontally shall be equipped
                     with a device to stop the crab or jib and counterweight in the event of breakage of a traversing
                     cable.
            12.8.    In the vicinity of each wheel, or of each group of wheels of a railmounted crane, there shall be a
                     rail guard to remove foreign objects from the rail, and a device which will prevent the crane
                     from tipping should a wheel or an axle break. These two functions may be combined in one
                     device.
                     The distance between the lowest part of each device and the top face of the track rail shall not
                     exceed 20 mm.
            12.9.    Every crane travelling on tracks shall be equipped with devices designed to prevent displacement
                     of the crane under maximum wind conditions as defined in the design rules. Furthermore, it
                     shall be possible to equip the crane with devices to immobilize it in maximum wind conditions
                     as defined in the design rules when it is not in service.
            13.      Electrical equipment
            13.1.    General provisions
                     The special provisions of this chapter relating to the installation and constituent parts of the
                     electrical equipment equally apply to:
                     — the crane's flexible power supply cable,
                     — the cable-winding gear,
                     — the sectioning, isolating and cut-off control devices on the crane itself and any other devices
                          downstream of the winding gear.
                      Items of electrical equipment shall:
                      (a) satisfy the requirements of Directive 73/23/EEC of 19 January 1973 (low-voltage
                           Directive) I1);
                      (b) in the absence of harmonized standards, conform to the IEC or EEC (electricity) safety
                           specifications published in the Official Journal of the European Communities pursuant to
                           the low-voltage Directive (*);
                      (c) in the absence of harmonized standards as indicated in (a) or where the safety requirements
                           referred to in (b) have not been published, satisfy the safety requirements laid down under
                           the national standards of the country where the crane is delivered.
            (1) Harmonized documents: see page 21.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                   N o C 25/21
          Harmonized CENELEC documents:
          H D 308     Identification and use of cables for voltages not exceeding the limit of LV 2 (1 000 V ac,
                      1 500 V dc; see HD 193).
                       Identification of the outer conductors of cables for voltages not exceeding the limit of LV 2
                       (1 000 V ac, I 500 V dc; see H D 193).
                      Identification and use of cables for voltages not exceeding the limit of LV 2.
          H D 246-1 Diagrams, charts, tables - Part 1: definitions and classification.
          H D 246-2 Idem — Part 2: component identification.
          H D 365      Classification of the degree of protection given by the casings.
          International Electrotechnical Commission publications (IEC):
          IEC 364      (under consideration by CENELEC TC/64).
                       Current carrying capacities of conductors.
                       Raceways overcurrent protection.
                       Protective measures against direct contact.
                       Protective measures against indirect contact.
          38 (1967) IEC normal voltages.
          117          Recommended descriptive symbols.
           144         Degree of protection for the casings of low-voltage fittings.
           158(1970)Low-voltage control fittings for industrial use, Part 1: Contactors.
          255          Electrical relays.
          337          Auxiliary controls (low-voltage control connecting devices for control and auxiliary circuits
                       having auxiliary contactors).
          408(1972) Outdoor low-voltage switches, outdoor low-voltage disconnecting switches incorporating
                      low-voltage fuses.
          As regards the choice of lines supplying drive units, the main criteria to be taken into consideration are
          bad weather, dust and mechanical hazards.
          The supply voltage value should correspond to one of the standard European values listed in IEC
          publication N o 38.
          The direct current mean value or the alternating current rms value of the voltage between conductors or
          between conductor and earth shall not exceed 250 volts in the case of safety, lighting, signalling and
          measuring control systems and circuits.
          The use of movable metal control boxes for low-voltage supply is permitted provided they conform to
          Class 2 as defined in Document IEC 529.
          The insulation resistance between conductors and between conductor and earth shall exceed 1 000 ohms
          per volt and shall not be less than 500 000 ohms in the case of electric power circuits and the circuits of
          electrical appliances used for safety, control, lighting, signalling and measuring purposes. The above
          values do not apply to electronic circuits.
          The neutral conductor and the protective conductor shall be kept separate at all times.
          13.2.     Lines - conductors — cables
                     Conductors and cables shall have the properties described in publications H D 21, H D 22,
                     H D 359 and HD 360.
 ---pagebreak--- No C 25/22                            Official Journal of the European Communities                                     29. 1. 79
           13.2.1.  Flexible connecting cables to the crane shall be of the series H 07 R N F Uo/U = 450/750.
           13.2.2.  Flexible conductors placed on the crane shall be of the series H 07 V K Uo/U = 450/750.
           13.2.3.  Rigid conductors placed on the crane shall be chosen from the series H 07 VU - H 07 VR.
           13.2.4.  Bare wires and conductors shall be used only for wiring inside the boxes.
           13.2.5.  Only flexible conductors and cables shall be used outside the boxes.
           13.2.6.  Protection shall be provided for flexible conductors and cables secured to structural
                    components, where there exists a risk of mechanical damage.
           13.2.7.  In the case of circuits supplied with a nominal voltage not exceeding 50 V between conductors
                    or between conductor and earth, cables of nominal voltage Uo/U = 300/500 volts may be used.
           13.2 -.  Flexible cables on the crane shall not have PVC sheathing or insulation.
           13.3.    Method of installation - connection and distribution    equipment
           13.3.1.  Low-voltage connection and distribution equipment shall, as a minimum, offer IP 54 degrees of
                    protection stipulated in HD 365.
           13.3.2.  The casing containing the starting resistors need not be of this type, but in that case shall be
                    designed in such a way as to prevent the insertion of fingers and arranged so that as little dust
                    and rain water as possible are allowed to accumulate (minimum degree of protection IP 23 as
                    defined in document HD 365).
           13.3.3.  The necessary instructions shall be supplied in respect of the electrical installations, so as to
                    facilitate understanding of the system.
           13.3.4.  Steps shall be taken to ensure that staff carrying out normal maintenance have easy access to
                    connection and distribution equipment. To this end, a minimum horizontal clearance of 0 60 m
                    shall be provided between the front of the equipment and the nearest obstacle. The minimum
                    vertical clearance shall be 2 m above the level of the platform.
           13.3.5.  Connections, connecting terminals and connectors shall be housed in cabinets or boxes.
           13.3.6.   Connecting terminals the accidental operation of which could cause operational hazards shall
                     be kept clearly apart, unless they are designed in such a way as to exclude this risk.
            13.3.7.  In order to ensure continued mechanical protection, the protective sheaths of the conductors
                     and cables shall penetrate into the boxes housing the switches and equipment or the sheath shall
                     terminate in a suitable gland.
           13.3.8.   Conductors relating to the control of different motions shall not be enclosed in a common
                     conduit. On the other hand, cables relating to the control of different motions may be enclosed
                     in a common conduit and may have a common entry into cases and boxes.
            13.3.9.  This provision does not apply to control, signalling and measuring conductors, irrespective of
                     whether they are routed alongside the corresponding main conductors or not.
           13.3.10. Where conductors with circuits of different voltages are routed along the same line or cable, all
                     the conductors or cables shall be equipped with the insulation specified for the highest voltage.
           13.3.11. Plug-in equipment and appliances shall be designed and constructed in such a way that, where
                     tools are not required for the purposes of insertion and removal, it is impossible to reverse the
                     connections.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                                Official Journal of the European Communities                                              No C 25/23
           13.4.       Cross-section of the conductors
           13.4.1.     The cross-section shall be determined on the basis of Doc. IEC 364 (CENELEC HD8).
           13.4.2.    The minimum cross-section of the conductors shall be as follows:
                       — 1 00 mm 2 for flexible conduits, for control, signalling, telephone (or intercommunication)
                                        and measuring conductors, excluding conductors used in electric safety circuits
                                        and any measuring conduits relating thereto;
                      — 1 - 5 0 mm 2 for control, signalling and measuring conductors in fixed conduits and for
                                        electrical safety or measuring equipment; when operating safety is positive
                                        (operating at an inadequate or zero voltage) the cross-section may be reduced to
                                        1 mm 2 ;
                      — 1 - 5 0 mm 2 for the conduits of electrical safety equipment including the measuring conduits;
                      — 1 ' 5 0 mm 2 for conduits between             parts  of   the   fixed-installation lighting and        the
                                        corresponding fuses;
                       — 1 - 5 0 mm 2 for conduits between fixed-installation motors and the corresponding fuses.
                                        Account shall be taken of the possibility of using the different crane motors
                                        simultaneously. Furthermore, this cross-section shall be designed in such a way
                                        that intermittent and simultaneous operation of the different crane movements
                                        does not cause deterioration of the conductors;
                       — 1 - 5 0 mm 2 for all other conductors.
                                        These requirements relating to the minimum diameter for conductors do not
                                        apply to conductors joining electronic components in the same circuit when
                                        these are located in the same box and are adequately protected against
                                        inclement weather and external mechanical hazards;
                       — 0 -25 mm 2 for flexible conductors between electronic modules.
           13.5.      Isolators and circuit-breakers
          13.5.1.     The crane's electrical equipment shall include a device which acts as an isolator and a device
                      which acts as a circuit-breaker or, alternatively, a single device performing both functions.
                      These appliances, which shall be multipolar, shall be easily accessible.
           13.5.2.    Any device serving solely as an isolator shall not be capable of being operated except when the
                      circuit-breaker is open. In addition, it shall be possible to lock the device mechanically in the
                      open position. Mechanical locking, by means of keylocks or padlocks, of the equipment-box
                      door will be regarded as meeting this requirement provided the isolator can be operated from
                      inside the box only.
           13.5.3.    An actuator directly linked to the crane's general circuit-breaker shall be provided in the control
                      cabin. It shall not be possible to put the crane back into service until this circuit-breaker has
                      been unlocked and reset ('). This resetting may be carried out from the operator's seat.
          13.5.4.     All cabinets containing switchgear shall be fitted with a circuit-breaker capable of being locked
                      by mechanical means in the open position, if it is not housed inside the cabinet, except in the
                      case where each cabinet has a door switch which assures the opening of the circuit-breaking
                      device. The door switch shall not be capable of resetting the cut-out device.
          13.5.5.     The circuit-breaker shall have a cut-off capacity corresponding to category AC 2', as defined in
                      IEC recommendation N o 158.1.
          (') In certain cases the manufacturer may specify in the service manual the checks and controls to be carried out before
              the crane is put back into service.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/24                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                              29. 1. 79
             13.6.      Contactors
             13.6.1.    The main and intermediate contactors shall belong to the following categories, as defined in IEC
                        publication No 158.1:
                        — AC 2' in the case of a contactor for ac motors,
                        — DC 2 in the case of a dc contactor.
             13.7.      Protection systems for lines, equipment and current consumers
                        Provision shall be made to prevent the electrical equipment or parts of it from being damaged as
                        a result of short-circuit, overloading or inadvertent earthing.
                        The following conditions, in particular, shall be complied with:
             13.7.1.    At the inlet of the supply system, a protection system with circuits which cut all the phase
                        conductors (J) shall be provided against short circuits.
            13.7.2.     Each power circuit shall be protected on each phase conductor (*) against short circuits,
                        particularly when the shunt circuit involves a change in wire cross-section. This protection may
                        be dispensed with subject to the conditions stipulated in IEC publication 364 (harmonization
                        document 473).
            13.7.3.    Circuits supplying several motors relating to the same movement can have a common protection
                       system against short-circuits. Sections of motor-connection conductors shall be of such
                       dimensions that protection against short-circuits is assured.
            13.7.4.    Whether they involve circuit breakers with fuses, other circuit breakers or relays, the protection
                       systems shall be such as to ensure cut-out of all the phase conductors (1). In the case of a fuse
                       protective system, the cut-out shall be assured by means of a protective device which prevents
                       monophased operation.
            13.7.5.    Infrequent stop-start motors with a power greater than 1 kW and frequent stop-start motors of
                       a power greater than 15 kW shall be protected against overloading.
            13.7.6.    An overload detection system shall be provided on each phase conductor (x). This detection
                       system shall cause cutting of all phase conductors. (Doc. IEC 364).
            13.7.7.    For infrequent stop-start motors with a power not greater than 1 kW and frequent stop-start
                       motors with a power not greater than 15 kW, protection against short-circuits may be provided.
            13.7.8.    For frequent stop-start motors with a power greater than 15 kW, protection against overload
                       shall include an overcurrent detection system involving heat-sensitive devices incorporated in
                       the windings of each motor. This detection system shall cut all phase conductors (1).
            13.7.9.    After a protection device has functioned, it shall be reset manually; this provision does not
                       apply to the heat-sensitive devices.
            13.7.10. The electro-magnets of the brakes and the brake motors shall have the same protection system
                       against short circuits as the motors to which they belong functionally or shall be protected
                       independently by a system providing equivalent safety.
            13.7.11. It is not obligatory for the motors of the electrical cable reels to be individually protected when
                       specially designed for this work.
            (*) Cutting of phase conductors for alternating current and the cutting of positive and negative conductors for direct
                current respectively.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                              Official Journal of the European Communities                                      N o C 25/25
          13.7.12. Protective systems against short circuits as defined in paragraphs 13.7.10 and 13.7.11 may be
                     used if the supply lines for the electromagnets of the brakes, the brake motors and the winding
                     drum motors are:
                     (a) less.than 5 m long;
                     (b) suitable for the normal load on the equipment and the motors.
           13.7.13. Electrical equipment for the crane shall be so designed and constructed that its operational
                     safety is not interrupted by a significant voltage drop or a no-voltage situation arising in one or
                     several active conductors of the electrical supply. In particular, the development of such
                     incidents in the electrical supply shall in no case cause:
                     — the inadvertent start-up of any movement,
                    — any movement being obtained contrary to that which is desired,
                     — any movement at uncontrolled speed,
                    — uncontrolled descent of the load,
                     — the breakdown of a safety system.
           13.8.     Control and signalling circuits
                     The design and the execution of the control and signalling circuits shall be such as to ensure the
                     safety of the staff in all circumstances, and protect the crane effectively against the results of
                     equipment malfunctions. They shall, in particular, fulfil the requirements set out below.
           13.8.1.   All the control and signalling circuits shall be supplied by at least one transformer, which shall
                     comprise separated windings and be connected upstream of the supply circuit breaker.
           13.8.2.   If the equipment comprises several control and signalling transformers functioning
                     simultaneously, each of these transformers shall supply the control circuits corresponding to
                     distinct mechanical components as far as possible.
           13.8.3.  The supply conductors for the control-circuit transformers shall be provided with a fused circuit
                     breaker or by devices having an equivalent effect.
          13.8.4.   When the transformer supplying the control circuits is earthed at one end of its secondary
                    circuit, the non-earthed conductor shall be protected against short circuits.
                     When the control circuits are supplied by means of a transformer none of whose secondary
                     conductors is directly earthed, it is necessary to provide for protection against short circuits on
                     each of the two secondary outlets.
          13.8.5.    The accidental earthing of one or more points in a control circuit shall cause neither inadvertent
                     start-up nor abnormal operation and shall not prevent movements from being stopped.
          13.8.6.   Such defects shall not cause a dangerous increase in the potential of the earths.
           13.8.7.   The failure of a motor or any device shall automatically bring about the stopping of all the
                     motors and auxiliary devices governing the same movements which could jeopardize safety
                     were these to continue in operation.
          13.8.8.   All the contactors and relays controlling mechanically-connected, opposed components or
                    counter-movements shall be protected against any faulty manoeuvre. The inverter switches that
                     determine the direction of rotation of the motors shall be so interlocked that a short circuit
                     cannot occur during a manoeuvre in normal operation.
           13.8.9.    Connection of coils and contacts
                    In control circuits with one side earthed, one end of the operating coils of the control device
                    shall be connected directly to the earthed side of the control circuits and all control contacts
                    shall be inserted between coils and the other side of the control circuit.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/26                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                                 29. 1. 79
                        The following exception to this rule is allowed:
                        Contacts of protective relays (for example overload relays) may be connected between the
                        earthed side and the coils provided that the conductors between such contacts and the coils of
                        the control devices on which the relay contacts operate do not extend beyond a single control
                        enclosure or compartment (Document H D 93.1).
            13.8.10. These requirements are not applicable to the electronic control circuits when these are so
                        designed that the occurrence of a defect does not cause an inadvertent movement of the crane
                        or the failure of a safety device.
            13.8.11. N o electrical circuit may be connected in parallel with the safety contacts with the exception of
                        the circuits for:
                        — reversing a movement,
                       — exceeding the normal working travel during assembly or maintenance work on the
                             condition that connections in parallel can only be carried out by means of a mechanical
                             locking device in the open position during normal working,
                       — unlocking the direction control when the crane is not in operation,
                       — changing the pulley blocks.
            13.8.12. In the protection systems, the safety contacts shall be of the mechanically forced type, and be
                       actuated with as few intermediate components as possible. The gap shall be at least 3 mm.
            13.8.13. The safety contacts shall be so installed that they retain their correct setting under any
                       operational stress.
            13.8.14. The electrical or electronic protection equipment shall be so designed and adapted that the
                       occurrence of a defect cannot cause the operational breakdown of other safety systems.
                       Remark
                       If these requirements cannot be met, duplicating and cross-monitoring (*) of the circuits may be
                       provided.
            13.9.      Protection against overspeed
            13.9.1.    A safety device to prevent overspeed when there is simultaneous two-phase operation in respect
                       of lifting and luffing movements shall be installed.
            13.9.2.      If a vertical movement is obtained by means of a motor or a variable-torque transmission,
                         it shall only be possible for the brake to be released when the field excitation of the motor is
                         sufficient to ensure the proper operation of the motor or of the transmission.
            13.9.3.    With regard to the vertical and slewing movements:
                       (a) all movements actuated by a generator shall be provided with a device which actuates the
                              brake in the event of the supply from the generator being cut off;
                       (b) all the main movements actuated by motors or transmissions having an electronically
                              regulated supply shall be provided with a device which controls the speed and rotational
                              direction and is capable of stopping, if need be, the movement in progress or selected.
            13.10.     Brake or stopping and immobilizing          device
            13.10.1. The isolation of a motor or a torque transmission shall cause the brake or equivalent device to
                       be applied and shall ensure that movement ends and does not recommence.
            (') Cross-monitoring means that if one circuit fails the second circuit prevents running of the motor before the fault has
                been eliminated.
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                             Official Journal of the European Communities                                     N o C 25/27
          13.10.2. For all movements under normal working conditions, the brake or equivalent device shall not be
                    capable of being released until the relevant motor is receiving current. This does not apply to
                    devices for rotating the crane.
          13.10.3. In the case of motors supplied with variable current or by electronic devices, precautions shall
                    be taken to prevent the torque developed by the motor from reaching a value sufficient to
                    initiate movement before the brake is released.
          13.11.     Electric motors
                    Electric motors shall have at least IPX 4 degree of protection unless they are otherwise protected
                    against water.
          13.12.   Lighting, heating and plug and socket equipment
          13.12.1. The power supply to these items of equipment shall be connected upstream of the crane cut-out
                    device (as defined in 13.5.1).
          13.12.2. A control device cutting all active conductors shall be placed at the power supply outlet.
          13.12.3. Current circuits for lighting and heating shall be fed by separate transformers.
          13.13.   Electrical continuity between masses and metal components
          13.13.1. The connection of the metallic masses of electrical components shall be assured by means of a
                   protective conductor incorporated in the power supply cables.
          13.13.2. The metallic masses and the structural components shall be interconnected in such a way that
                   electrical continuity is ensured.
                   The electrical diagrams and plans shall be handed over to the user with the essential data;
                   reference shall be made to IEC publications 117, 113.1 and 113.2.
                   The technical documents concerning the electrical equipment shall include the following items:
                   equipment diagrams,
                   circuit diagrams,
                   diagrams or tables of the external connections,
                   operating instructions,
                   nomenclature of the electrical equipment,
                   maintenance instructions,
                   list of the spare parts that should be kept in stock.
          14.      I.C. engine
          14.1.    General remarks
          14.1.1.  Failure of the I.C. engines shall not impair the operational safety of the crane.
          14.1.2.   In particular, the torque resulting from the lowering of a load or the braking of movements shall
                   not give rise to an increase of more than 10% in the rotation speed of the I.C. engine.
          14.1.3.  I.C. engines and their accessories shall be so arranged that no risk is incurred (from burns,
                    fumes, etc.) during maintenance operations or access as a result of their positioning within the
                    structure of the crane.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/28                           Official Journal of the European Communities                                       29. 1. 79
            14.1.4. All moving parts shall be protected by a casing or a robust cover.
            14.1.5.   Belts
                     1. The use of flat and round belting is prohibited.
                     2.   (a) The use of V-belts is not permitted for mechanisms which control hoisting, luffing or
                               crab movements;
                          (b) The use of V-belts is permitted only for such purposes as slewing, crane travel and crab
                               movements, pump and generator drives.
                               When V-belts are used for these purposes the number of V-belts shall be one more than
                               the calculated number required for the transmission of the driving force. The belt
                               tension shall be adjustable.
                          The operation of the brake shall not be effected by a failure of the belts. Furthermore, the
                          functioning of the brake shall comply with the requirements in point 7.7.
            14.1.6.  The engine shall be mounted in such a way that no harmful vibrations are transmitted to the
                     structure of the crane.
            14.1.7.  The I.C. engine shall be equipped with a speed governor, and any abnormality of operation shall
                     be indicated in the control cabin.
            14.1.8. The fuel tank, pipes and connections shall be protected from thermal or mechanical damage.
                    The capacity shall be sufficient for 10 hours' operation.
            14.1.9.  Suppression of radio-interference of the engines shall be in conformity with the requirements of
                     Council Directive 72/245/EEC of 20 June 1972.
            14.1.10. If more than one I.C. engine is used to drive the same machine, the controls of such engines
                      shall be grouped and appropriately marked.
            14.2.     Drive motor: either an electric generator or a hydraulic pump.
                      The equipment shall be designed in absolute conformity with Chapter 13 for electrical
                      equipment.
            14.3.     Engine exerting direct mechanical action on the movements
                    — The same engine may drive a number of movements. Such movements may be produced
                          simultaneously or separately; in all cases the control of movements shall be effective both in
                          operation and at rest.
                    — During reversal of movements, there shall at no time be any interruption of control over the
                          load and the movements of the crane.
            15.      Assembly
                     In addition to the rules given below on the assembly or dismantling of cranes, the safety
                     instructions laid down by the manufacturer shall be observed.
            15.1.   These rules shall include all the necessary information relating to:
                    — the construction of tracks or supports,
                    — the making of ballast, if required,
                    — the electricity supply, if required,
                    — the exact procedure for the assembly of all components and the whole crane,
                    — the method of connecting the various components,
                    — the weight of each separate package,
                    — the characteristics of any auxiliary equipment required,
 ---pagebreak--- 29. 1. 79                               Official Journal of the European Communities                                     No C 25/29
                      — the method of slinging the components, where appropriate,
                      — the weather conditions under which the crane may be assembled.
          15.2.       During all phases of assembly and dismantling, the stability of the equipment and the strength
                      of the components shall be ensured in accordance with the design rules.
          15.3.       The following assembly operations may be distinguished:
                      — assembly of self-mounting cranes,
                      — assembly of conventional cranes by mounting each component separately with the aid of an
                           auxiliary device.
                      In both cases, the assembly mechanisms - whether hand-operated, electric or hydraulic - shall
                      be fitted with all the immobilization and safety devices necessary. Any mechanism equipped
                      with an uncoupling device shall be provided with a safety arrangement to guard against the free
                      fall of any component during assembly.
          15.4.       Wire-ropes, lifting hooks, winding drums and pulleys used only for assembly purposes and
                      forming part of the crane shall comply with the requirements specified in chapters 8, 9 and 10.
                      Points 8.4 and 8.5, however, need not be taken into account.
                      For application of point 10.1.4 the coefficient shall be 12 5 times the rope diameter instead of
                      20 times and for point 10.3.2 the coefficient shall be 14 times the rope diameter instead of
                      22 times.
          15.5.        Instructions relating to assembly and maintenance
                      The manufacturer or the supplier shall supply with each crane instructions which can be
                      understood by the user. These instructions shall set out all the characteristics of the crane, its
                      mechanisms and its rail tracks. They shall provide all the information necessary for the use,
                      maintenance, erection and dismantling of these items. They shall indicate the precautions to be
                      taken in the event of high wind, storm and extreme cold.
          16.         Instructions to be fixed on the crane
                      The crane shall have a plate which is indelible and clearly visible giving the following
                      information:
          16.1.       the name of the manufacturer or the production mark and if necessary the name of the supplier
                      of the crane;
          16.2.        the manufacturing number,
                      the year of manufacture,
                      indication of the type;
          16.3.       the maximum permissible loads corresponding to the various operating radii;
          16.4.       for cranes with several lifting speeds, the maximum permissible lifting speeds with the
                      corresponding maximum permissible loads;
          16.5.       mass of all ballast.
                                                          Addendum to point 1.1
          Definition    of the nominal    characteristics  of tower cranes
          The nominal characteristics of a tower crane are defined as follows:
                                                           Crane: Type M / P / N
          for which:
          M = the torque value in relation to the rotating axis in 10 k N m at a span A = 20 log M - 2.
                  If the crane can support jibs with a much greater or smaller span than A with different M values,
                  the type will not change.
 ---pagebreak--- N o C 25/30                                      Official Journal of the European Communities                                     29. 1. 79
                  P  = maximum capacity in 10 k N of the crab equipment and pulley block with which the M value is
                        obtained.
                  N = capacity in kW of the driving engine of the hoisting mechanism.
                  N o lower or upper limit is given for these values.
                  Examples:
                  1.  Type 4 0 / 3 , 5 / 1 6
                      Crane of 1333 daN                           at 30 m with jib equal to or slightly greater than 30 m
                                                  35 k N          maximum load
                                                  16 kW           at the hoisting engine.
                  2.  Type 2 0 0 0 / 9 2 / 1 2 5
                      Crane of 31 2 0 0 daN                       at 64 m with jib equal to or slightly greater than 6 4 m.
                                                 920 kN           maximum load
                                                 125 kW            at the hoisting engine.
                  3.  Type 1 6 0 / 1 1 / 4 8
                      Crane of 3 8 0 0 daN                        at 4 2 m with jib equal to or slightly greater than 4 2 m.
                                                 110 k N          maximum load
                                                 48 kW            at the hoisting engine.
                  Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
                  relating to the operating space, access to the driving position (entry and exit facilities), and to
                                   the doors and windows of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors
                               (.Submitted by the Commission           to the Council on 11 December 1978)
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,                                       HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European
Economic Community, and in particular Article 100
thereof,                                                                                                 Article 1
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
                                                                              1.    Tractor (agricultural or forestry) means any motor
Having regard          to   the      opinion       of  the  European          vehicle, fitted with wheels or endless tracks, having at
Parliament,                                                                   least two axles, the main function of which lies in its
                                                                              tractive power and which is specially designed to tow,
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social                       push, carry or power certain tools, machinery or trailers
Committee,                                                                    intended for agricultural or forestry use. It may be
                                                                              equipped to carry a load and passengers.
Whereas the technical requirements with which tractors
must comply pursuant to national legislation covers,
amongst other things, the operating space, access to the                      2.     This Directive shall apply only to tractors defined
driving position (entry and exit facilities), as well as                      in paragraph 1 above which are fitted with pneumatic
doors and windows;                                                            tyres and which have two axles and a maximum design
                                                                              speed of between 6 and 25 km/h and a fixed or variable
Whereas these requirements differ from one Member                             drive-axle track of 1 150 mm or more.
State to another; whereas the same requirements should
be adopted in all Member States, either in addition to or
 in place of existing legislation, with a view to the
implementation, for each type of tractor, of the EEC
type-approval procedure which is the subject of Council
Directive 74/150/EEC of 4 March 1974 on the                                                              Article 2
 approximation of the laws of the Member States relating
to the type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry                      N o Member State may refuse EEC type-approval or
 tractors ( a ), as amended by Directive               ,                      national type-approval of a tractor or refuse or prohibit
                                                                              the sale, registration, entry into service or use of a tractor
(*) OJ N o L 84, 28. 3. 1974, p. 10.                                          on grounds relating to: