CELEX: 51987PC0194R(01)
Language: en
Date: 1987-05-12
Title: Proposal for a COUNCIL DIRECTIVE on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to certain components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors (presented by the Commission)

ARCHIVES HISTORIQUES
DE LA COMMISSION
COLLECTION RELIEE DES
DOCUMENTS "COM"
COM (87) 194
Vol. 1987/0112
 ---pagebreak--- Disclaimer
Conformément au règlement (CEE, Euratom) n° 354/83 du Conseil du 1er février 1983 concernant
l'ouverture au public des archives historiques de la Communauté économique européenne et de
la Communauté européenne de l'énergie atomique (JO L 43 du 15.2.1983, p. 1) modifié en dernier
lieu par le règlement (UE) 2015/496 du Conseil du 17 mars 2015 (JO L79 du 25. 3.2015, p. 1), ce
dossier est ouvert au public. Le cas échéant, les documents classifiés présents dans ce dossier
ont été déclassifiés conformément à l'article 5 dudit règlement ou sont considérés déclassifiés
conformément aux articles 26(3) et 59(2) de la décision (UE, Euratom) 2015/444 de la
Commission du 13 mars 2015 concernant les règles de sécurité aux fins de la protection des
informations classifiées de l'Union européenne.
In accordance with Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 354/83 of 1 February 1983 concerning
the opening to the public of the historical archives of the European Economic Community and the
European Atomic Energy Community (OJ L 43, 15.2.1983, p. 1), as last amended by Council
Regulation (EU) 2015/496 of 17 March 2015 (OJ L 79, 27.3.2015, p. 1), this file is open to the
public. Where necessary, classified documents in this file have been declassified in conformity
with Article 5 of the aforementioned regulation or are considered declassified in conformity with
Articles (26.3) and 59(2) of the Commission Decision (EU, Euratom) 2015/444 of 13 March 2015
on the security rules for protecting EU classified information.
In Übereinstimmung mit der Verordnung (EWG, Euratom) Nr. 354/83 des Rates vom 1. Februar
1983 über die Freigabe der historischen Archive der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und
der Europäischen Atomgemeinschaft (ABI. L 43 vom 15.2.1983, S. 1), zuletzt geändert durch die
Verordnung (EU) Nr. 2015/496 vom 17. März 2015 (ABI. L 79 vom 25.3.2015, S. 1), ist dieser Akt
der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich. Soweit erforderlich, wurden die Verschlusssachen in diesem Akt in
Übereinstimmung mit Artikel 5 der genannten Verordnung freigegeben; beziehungsweise werden
sie auf Grundlage von Artikel 26(3) und 59(2) der Entscheidung der Kommission (EU, Euratom)
2015/444    vom   13.   März   2015   über die   Sicherheitsvorschriften für den Schutz von  EU-
Verschlusssachen als herabgestuft angesehen.
 ---pagebreak---  COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
                                                 /
                                                     COM(87 ) 194 final
                                                     Brussels , 12 May 1987
                                  Proposai for a
                                COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to certain
      components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry
                                     tractors
                         ( presented by the Commission )
C0M(87 ) 194 final
 ---pagebreak---                                    EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM
I.   GENERAL
This proposal 'for a Directive forms part of the EEC type approval procedure
                  \                    (1 )
covered by Directive 74 / 150 / EEC         . It concerns the requirements concerning
dimensions and masses , speed governors , the protection of drive systems .
                        \
projections and wheels, safety glass , mechanical linkages and the positions
and affixing of officiakmarks and plates on wheeled agricultural or forestry
tractors .
The aim of this proposal for a Directive 's not only to remove the technical
barriers to trade resulting from disparities between national laws , but also ,
and above all , to boost safety both on the roads and at work in the fields .
In putting forward this proposal - following              a proposal amending outline
di rective 74 / 150 / EEC and thereby aiming to replace the heading " SD " by " CONF "
to cover three tractor components , the Commission is rounding off           the current
community regulations , thus providing manufacturers with scope for obtaining
full EEC type-approval for a type of tractor .
It is therefore         ma^jor milestone to mark the activities begun in the sixties
which have so far led to <he adoption of twenty two directives and six
amendments of certain of these .
The Commission has departed from its normal procedure , which is to be assisted
by Member State experts meeting within the Working Party on the " Removal of
Technical Barriers to Trade - Agricultural and Forestry Tractors ", by drawing
up this most latest proposal itself while , however , calling for the          technical
opinions of private experts . This procedure has basically been prompted by the
 ---pagebreak---                                        3
relatively short deadline imposed by the work programme and the timescale put
forward by the Comission in June 1985 , in its White Paper intended for the
European Council . The aim of that white Paper is complete unification of the
internal market by 1992 at the latest .
II . CONTENTS OF   THE  PROPOSAL
This proposal for a directive consists of a main body and five technical
annexes .
The main body sets out the scope of the directive , the conditions under which
a type of tractor meeting the technical requirements set out in the annexes
may receive EEC type approval or national approval and may be registered ,
sold , placed in service and used throughout the Community , and also the
procedure for adapting to technical progress the requirements set out in the
annexes .
The five annexes to the main body of the proposal contain technical
requirements which must be met if a type of tractor is to receive EEC type-
approval , or if component type approval is to be granted ( to safety glass ) in
respect of :
      - dimensions and masses
      - speed governors ( if original equipment ), the protection of drive
         systems , projections and wheels
       - windscreens and other glazing
       - mechanical linkages
       - the affixing and method of attachment of statutory plates and
         inscriptions .
Particular stress must be placed on Annex III , which concerns windscreens and
other glazing .    In essence this annex , consisting of more than one hundred
pages , sets out the technical requirements drawn up and adopted recently
within the United Nations' Economic Commission for Europe .     It has not been
possible to condense these provisions since they encompass the safety
 requirements for several types of safety glass , ranging from uniform toughened
glass through laminated glass , and plastic glass to double-glazed units .
 ---pagebreak--- Moreover , the barreness of the language used to express technical
requirements , generally in the form of mathematical relationships , cannot be
compared with the richness of other non-technical languages where the
countless differing forms of expression make it far less difficult to either
magnify or reduce the concepts that one wishes to express .
III .   COMMUNICATION TO THE COMMISSION
111.1 . The current legal basis , Article 100 , will be affected by the Single
          Act ( on its entry into force ) since Article 100A will apply .
111 . 2 . The cooperation procedure , in accordance with III.1 above , will apply .
111 . 3 . The measures referred to in this proposal for a directive have no
          palpable impact on SMBs and on jobs .
111 . 4 . It is therefore proposed that the Commission approve the following
          proposal for a directive with a view to its being sent to the Council .
111 . 5 . The opinions of the Euorpean Parliament and of the Economic and Social
          Committee will be required under the provisions of Article 100 ( 2 ).
 ---pagebreak---                                      Proposai for a
                                  COUNCIL DIRECTIVE
     on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to certain
              components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or
                                   forestry tractors
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community , and
in particular Article 100 thereof ,
                                                            (1 )
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament          ,
                                                                       (2)
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee          ,
Whereas the technical requirements which tractors must fulfil in pursuance of
national laws concern , intei– alia ,    their dimensions and masses , speed
governors , the protection of their drive components , projections and wheels ,
the trailer-brake control , windscreens and other glazing , the mechanical
linkages between tractor and trailer and the location and method of affixing
statutory plates and markings to the body of the tractor ;
Whereas those requirements differ from one Member State to another ; whereas it
is consequently necessary for the same requirements to be adopted by all of
the Member States , either in addition or in place of the existing regulations ,
in order , in particular , to permit implementation , for each type of tractor ,
of the EEC type approval procedure covered by          Council Directive 74 / 150 / EEC
of 4      March , 1974 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
relating to the type approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors ^
                                            (4)
as last amended by Directive 82 / 890 / EEC     ;
( 1 ) 0J No ...
( 2 ) 0J No ...
( 3 ) 0J No L84 , 28.3.74 , p. 10
( 4 ) 0J No L378 , 31.12.82 , p. 45
 ---pagebreak--- Whereas with regard , in particular , to the technical requirements relating to
safety glass - windscreens and other glazing - it is appropriate to embrace
those adopted by the United Nations' Economic Commission for Europe in its
Regulation no . 43 (" Uniform provisions concerning the approval of safety
glazing and glazing materials ") forming an addendum to the agreement of 20
March 1958 concerning the adoption of uniform conditions of approval and thus
reciprocal recognition of approval for motor vehicle equipment and parts(5 );
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE :
                                                Article 1
1.  ( Agricultural or forestry ) tractor means any motor vehicle fitted with
      wheels or endless tracks and having at least two axles , the main function
      of which lies in          its tractive power and which is specially designed to
      tow , push ,      carry or power certain tools , machinery or trailers intended
      for agricultural or forestry use .               It may be equipped to carry a load and
      passengers .
2     This Directive shall apply only to tractors defined in                     paragraph 1 which
      are fitted with pneumatic tyres and have a maximum design speed of between
      6 and 30 km / h .
       ( 5 ) Doc . E / ECE / 324 - E / ECE / TRANS / 505 - Rev . 1 / Add . 42 / Amend . 2 , 16 April
             1986 .
 ---pagebreak---                                       Article 2
No Member State may refuse EEC type approval or national type approval of a
tractor or refuse its registration or prohibit sale , entry into service or use
of a tractor on grounds relating to :
- dimensions and masses ,
- speed governor s, protect ion of drive components , projections and wheels , and
  the trailer-brake control ,
- windscreens and other glazing ,
- mechanical linkages between tractor and trailer ,
- location and method of affixing statutory plates and inscriptions to the
  body of the tractor ,
where these comply with the requirements of the Annexes , relating thereto .
                                       Article 3
Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the Annexes to technical
progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in
Article 4 .
                                       Article 4
Where the procedure laid down in this Article is to be followed , the Commission
shall adopt its decisions after consulting the Committee set up under
Directive 74 / 150/ EEC , hereinafter referred to as the " Committee ". The
Committee shall respond to calls for opinions made by the Commission . When
asking for an opinion from the Committee ,, the Commission may lay down the
deadline within which that opinion is to be given . The Committee 's
discussions shall not be followed by a vote . However , each Committee member
may require that his opinion be recorded in the minutes of the proceedings .
 ---pagebreak---                                   - * -
                                  Artide 5
1.  Member States shall bring into force the provisions necessary in order to
     comply with this Directive by 31 December 1988 . They shall forthwith inform
     the Commission thereof .
2.   Member States shall communicate the texts of the main provisions of
     national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive
     to the Commission .
                                   Article 6
This Directive is addressed to the Member States .
Done at Brussels
                                           For the Council
 ---pagebreak---                 FICHE D' IMPACT SUR LA COMPETITIVITE ET L' EMPLOI
      Projet de proposition de directive du Conseil concernant le
      rapprochement des législations des Etats membres relatives à
       certains éléments et caractéristiques des tracteurs agricoles
       ou forestiers à roues .
  I. Quelle est la justification principale de la mesure ?
      Achèvement de la procédure de réception CEE ( Livre Blanc )
 II . Caractéristiques des entreprises concernées
      En particulier :
      - y-a-t - il un grand nombre de PME ? Non
      - note t' on des concentrations dans des régions :
         . éligibles aux aides régionales des E.M. ? Non
         . éligibles au Feder ? Non
III . Quelles sont les obligations imposées aux entreprises ?
      Aucune obligation supplémentaire
 IV . Quelles sont les obligations susceptibles d' être imposées
      indirectement aux entreprises via les autorités locales ?
      Aucune
  V. Y- a-t - il des mesures spéciales pour les PME ? ^on
      - lesquelles ?
 VI . Quel est l' effet prévisible :
      - sur la compétitivité des entreprises ? Pas quantifiable
      - sur l' emploi ?    Pas quantifiable
VII . Les partenaires sociaux ont -ils été consultés ? Non
      - Avis des partenaires sociaux : -
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 1 -
                                 LIST OF ANNEXES
ANNEX I      Dimensions and masses
Appendix     Annex to the EEC type-approval certificate
ANNEX II     Speed governor , protection of drive components , projections and
             wheels , and trailer-brake control
Appendix     Annex to the EEC type-approval certificate
ANNEX III    Windscreen and other glazing
ANNEX III-A  Definitions , request for component type approval , component type
             approval , marking, general specifications , tests and conformity of
             production .
Appendix     EEC component type-approval mark
ANNEX III-B  Communication on EEC component type-approval , refusal of EEC
             component type approval , extension of EEC component type-approval ,
             withdrawal of EEC component type-approval and final cessation of
             production .
Appendix 1   Uniformly toughened glazing
Appendix 2   Laminated glazing
Appendix 3   Plastic glazing
Appendix A   Double-glaze units
Appendix 5   Contents of the windscreen list
ANNEX III-C  General testing conditions
ANNEX III-D  Uniformly toughened glazing
ANNEX III-E  Ordinary laminated glazing
ANNEX III-F  Safety glass having a coating on its inner surface
ANNEX II 1-6 Plastic glazing
ANNEX III-H  Double glazing
ANNEX III-I  Grouping together of windscreens for component type approval tests
ANNEX III-J  Measurements of segment heights and position of impact points
ANNEX III –K Checking of conformity of production
ANNEX III-L  Annex to the EEC type-approval certificate
ANNEX IV     Mechanical linkages between tractors and trailers
Appendix 1   Dynamic testing methods
Appendix 2   Annex to the EEC type-approval certificate
ANNEX V      Location and method of affixing statutory plates and inscriptions to
             the body of the tractor
Appendix     Annex to the EEC type approval certificate
 ---pagebreak---                      ANNEX I
              DIMENSIONS AND MASSES
Definitions
" Length " means :
- the length of the tractor measured between the vertical
   planes at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the
   tractor and passing the outermost points thereof but .
   excluding :
   - all mirrors
   - all starting handles
   - all agricultural implements temporarily attached to the
     front or rear of the tractor ,
   - all front or side marker lights
" Width " means :
- the width of the tractor measured between the vertical
   planes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tractor
   and passing through the outermost points thereof , but
   excluding :
-  any   mirrors ,
-  any   direction indicators ,
-  any   front , side or rear marker lights ; any parking lights ,
-  any   distortion of the tyres caused by the weight of the
   tractor ,
- any pop-up components such as flexible mud-flaps , lift-up
   foot rests ...,
- any agricultural instrument attached to . the front or rear
   of the tractor .
" Height " means :
- the vertical distance between the ground and the point on
   the tractor the greatest distance from the ground . In
   order that this height may be determined the tractor must
   be :
   - fitted with new tyres having the greatest rolling radius
      specified by their manufacturer ,
   - unladen , the unladen mass being measured in acordance
     with the definition laid down in Directive 74 / 150 / EEC
      ( Annex I , point 2.4 ),
   - stationary with the motor shut down ,
   - located on a reasonably plane surface in the absence of
     any antenna .
" Trailer mass " means :
- the total actual mass of any trailer towed .
" Vertical load on coupling point " means :
- the load transmitted , under static conditions , by the
   trailer ( towing ) ring to the reference centre of the\tow
   hitch .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 3 -
  1.6 .         " Tow hitch " means :
                - the technical unit on the tractor providing the mechanical
                   link within a tractor-trai lor combination . Depending upon
                   its design this technical unit is referred to as a fork or
                   hook .
  1.7 .         " Reference centre of tow hitch " means :
                - the point on the pin axis which is equidistant from the
                   wings in the case of a fork and the point resulting from
                   the intersection of the plane of symetry of the hook with
                   the generatrix of the concave part of the hook at the
                   level of contact with the ring when this is in the
                   traction position .
  1.8 .         " Wheelbase of tractor ( I )" means :
•
                - the distance between the vertical planes perpendicular to
                   the longitudinal median plane of the tractor passing
                   through the axles of the tractor .
  1.9 .         " Kerb mass of tractor ( Mt )" means :
                - the mass defined in Annex I , point 2.4 of Directive
       t           74 / 150 / EEC ( unladen mass of tractor in running order
                   without optional accessories but with coolant , lubricants ,
                   fuel , tools and driver , whose mass is set at a standard
                   figure of 75 kg ).
  1.10          " Kerb mass on front axle of tractor ( Ma)"means :
                - that part of the kerb mass of the tractor , as defined in
                   Annex I , point 2.4 . of Directive 74 / 150 / EEC which , under
                   static conditions , acts on the front axle of the tractor .
  2.            Requirements
  2.1 .         Dimensions
                The maximum dimensions of a tractor are as follows :
  2.1.1 .       Length : 12 m
  2.1.2 .       Width     : 2.5 m
  2.1.3 .       Height : 4m
  2.1.4 .       The measurements intended to check the dimensions referred
                to in point 2.1 . above shall be carried out with the tractor
                in its normal on-road configuration ( doors and windows
                closed , tyres at normal pressure stated by manufaturer . .)
                and with the steering wheel in the dead-ahead position .
  2.2 .         Trailer mass
  2.2.1 .       The trailer mass shall not exceed :
  2 . 2 . 1.1 . One and a half times the kerb mass of the tractor if the
                trailer is . not fitted with a braking system .
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 4 -
2.2. 1 .2.          Five times the kerb mass of the tractor if the trailer is
                    fitted with a mechanical braking system ,
2 . 2 . 1.3         Six times the kerb mass of the tractor if the trailor
                    is fitted with an assisted braking system .
2.3 .               Vertical load on coupling point
2.3.1 .             The maximum static vertical load will be laid by
                    the       manufacturer . In no case , however , must it exceed 3
                    tonnes .
2.3.2 .             Conditions of acceptance :
2.3 . 2.1           If a vertical load not exceeding that laid down by the
                    manufacturer is applied through the reference centre of the
                    tow hitch under static conditions and in a manner which can
                    be regulated , the two following conditions must be fulfilled
                     ( i ) the mass on the steering axle ( Ma ) shall not , under
                            static conditions , be less than 20 V. of the kerb mass of
                            the tractor ( Mt ),
                     ( ii )     mass on the most heavily loaded axle shall not
                            exceed that permitted by the characteristics of the
                            tyres as set out in the tabl^j' recommended
                            manufacturers ( ETRTO tables    ).
                                                                          by the tyre
( 1 ) European technical Organisation for Tyres and Rims .
 ---pagebreak---                                             - 5 -
                                          Appendix
                                             MODEL
                                                                  Name of administration
ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TYPE OF TRACTOR WITH REGARD
TO DIMENSIONS AND MASSES
( Articles 4(2 ) and 10 of Council Directive 74 / 150 / EEC of 4 March 1974 on
the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the EEC type
approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors )
EEC type approval no . : .....
1.     Component(s ) or characteristic(s ) :
       1.1 . Dimensions        1.1.1 Length ..... ...m
                               1 .1 . 2 .       ..... m
                               1.1 . 3 .       ..... . . . . . . ,m
       1.2 . Masses            1.2.1 . Trailer mass ..... kg
                               1.2.2 . Vertical load on coupling point ..... N
2.     Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer :                .....
3.     Type and commercial desription of tractor : ..... . . .
4.     Manufacturer 's name and address :     .....
5.     If applicable , name and address of manufacturer 's authorized
            representative : ..... . . . .....
6.     Date of submission of tractor for EEC type approval : .....
7.     Technical service conducting the type approval tests : .....
8.     Date of report issued by that service .....
9.     Number of report issued by that service : ..... .....
                                                                                    (1 )
10 . EEC type approval for dimensions and masses is granted / refused
11 . Place : ..... . . . .....
12 . Date : . . .   ..... . . . .....
13 . Signature : . . .  .....
14 . The following documents , bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated
        above are annexed to this certificate :
        ..... . . ..... Dimensional drawings
        ..... Exploded view or photograph of the tractor
        The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other
        Member States if they so request .
15 .      Remarks : ..... ; .....
 ( 1 ) Delete where inapplicable
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 6 -
                                        ANNEX II
SPEED GOVERNORS , PROTECTION OF DRIVE COMPONENTS , PROJECTIONS AND WHEELS , AND
TRAILER-BRAKE CONTROL .
1.                 Speed governor
1 .1 .             If a speed governor forms part of the manufacturer 's original
                   equipment it shall be installed and designed in such . a . way
                   that the tractor complies with Directive 74 / 152 / EEC     on
                   maximum design speed .
2.                 Protection of drive components , projections and wheels
2.1 .              General
2.1 .1 .           Drive components , projections and wheels on tractors shall be
                   designed , installed or protected in such a way as to reduce
                   the risk or seriousness of injury to persons and to avoid
                   accidents .
2.1 .2.            There must be adequate protection of the dangerous parts of
                   drive components , projections and wheels . Such protection
                   shall be considered to be adequate if it meets the
                   requirements of points 2.2 . Solutions other than those
                   described in point 2.3 . shall be authorized if manufacturers
                   provide proof that such are at least equivalent to the
                   requirements of point 2.3 .
2.2.               Définit ions
2.2.1 .            " Protective device " means a device intended to protect
                   dangerous parts . Within the meaning of this directive
                   protected parts means shields , covers or guards .
2.2.1 ;i           " Shield " means a protective device located immediately in
                   front of a dangerous part and which , either on its own or with
                   other parts of the machine , protects on all sides against
                   contact with the dangerous part .
2.2.1 . 2.         " Cover " means a protective device located in front of the
                   dangerous part and which protects against contact with the
                   dangerous part on the covered side .
2 . 2 . 1.3 .      " Guard " means a protective device which , by means of a rail ,
                   grill or similar provides the necessary safety distance
                   preventing contact with the dangerous part .
2.2.2              " Dangerous part " means any point which , owing to the
                   arrangement or design of the fixed or movable part of a
                   tractor , involves a risk of injury . The dangerous parts are ,
                   in particular , pinching , shearing , cutting , piercing ,
                   penetrating , snatching , entry and attack points .
( 1 ) OJ No L84 , 28.3.74 , p. 33
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 7 -
2 . 2 . 2.1 " Pinching point " means any dangerous point where parts move in
            relation to each other or to fixed parts in such a way that
            persons or certain parts of their bodies may run the risk of
            pinching .
2.2.2 . 2   " Shear point " means any dangerous point where parts move along
            each other or along other parts in such a way that persons or
            certain parts of their bodies may run the risk of pinching or
            shearing .
2.2.2.3     " Cutting , piercing or penetration point " means any dangerous
            point where parts , either moving or fixed , sharp edged ,
            pointed or blunt may injure persons or certain parts of their,
            bodies .
2.2.2.4     " Snatching point " means any dangerous point where sharp-edged
            projections , teeth , pins , screws and bolts , grease nipples ,
            shafts , shaft ends and other parts move in such a way that
            persons , certain parts of their bodies or clothing may be
            snatched and pulled along .
2.2. 2. 5   " Entry or attack point " means any dangerous point whose parts ,
            by moving , narrow an aperture in which persons , certain parts
            of their bodies or clothes may be caught .
2.2.3 .     " Reach " means the maximum distance which can be reached by
            persons or certain parts of their bodies upwards , downwards ,
             inwards , above , around or across without the aid of any
            object .
2.2.4 .     " Safe margin " means the distance corresponding to the reach or
            to the body dimensions and a safety margin .
2.2.5 .     " Control " means any device whose direct actuation enables the
             state or operation of the tractor or of any equipment linked
            to it to be altered .
2.2.6       " Narrow-track tractor " means any tractor one of whose axles ,
            whether fixed or adjustable is less than 1150 m .
 ---pagebreak---                                                 - 8 -
2.3 .              Safety margins for avoiding contact with dangerous parts
2.3.1 .            The safety margin is measured from those points which may be
                   reached to actuate , service and inspect the tractor , and also
                   from gangways . " Servicing and inspecting the tractor " solely
                   means work normally carried out by the driver himself in
                   accordane with the instructions for use . In            determining the
                   safety margins the basic principle is that the tractor is in
                   the state for which it has been designed and that no tool has
                   been used in order to reach the dangerous part . The tractor
                   must meet either the essential requirements set out in points
                   2 . 3 . 2.1 . - 2 . 3 . 2 . 5 or the particular requirements set out in
                   poin'ts 2 . 3 . 2 . 6 . - 2.3.2 . 14 .
2.3.2 .            Protection of dangerous point
2 . 3 . 2.1        Upwards .
                   The upward safety margin is 2.500 mm ( see figure 1 ) in the
                   case of persons standing upright .
                            Figure 1
2.3.2.2.    Downwards , above .
            The safety margin for reaching above a sharp edge is :
            a = from ground level up to the dangerous part ,
            b = height of sharp edge or protective device
            c = horizontal distance between dangerous part and sharp edge ( see
                                             figure 2 ).
                                             Figure 2
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 9 -
When reaching both downwards and above the safety margins set out in the table
must be maintained .
Table 1
a:Distance from            Height between sharp edge and protective device b
  ground of           * 2400  ' 2200 ' 2000 ' 1800 '  1600 *  1400   ' 1200 • ' 1000
danger ous part       '    Horizontal distance c from dangerous part
      2400            '  -      100    100    100      100    100       100     100
      2200            '  -      250    350    400      500    500       600     600
      2000            '  -       -
                                       350    500      800    700       900    1100
      1800            '  -       -       -
                                              600      900    900      1000    1100
      1600            '  -       -       -
                                              500      900    900      1000    1300
      1400            '  -       -       -
                                              100      800    900      1000    1300
      1200            '  -       -       -     -
                                                       500    900      1000    1400
      1000            '  -       -       -     -
                                                       300    900      1000    1400
       800            '  -       -       -     -        -
                                                              600       900    1300
       500            '  -                                               500   1200
                                 -  .    -     -        -      -
       400            '  -       -       -     -        -      -
                                                                        300    1200
       200            '  -       -       -     -        -      -
                                                                         200   1100
2.3 . 2 . 3 . Reach around
    •
              The safety margin shown in Table 2 below must , at the minimum , be
              maintained if the part of the body concerned is not to reach a
              dangerous part . In applying the safety margin it is assumed that the
              main body joint concerned is pushed firmly against the sharp edge .
              The safety margins are not considered to have been maintained until
              one is satisfied that that part of the body may quite definitely not
              advance or penetrate further .
 ---pagebreak---                                                        10
      Limb
  Arm
   From the elbow
  to the fingertips
  Arm
  From the    shoulder
  to the fingertips
           2.3.2.4.        Penetration and reach across
                           If penetration is possible into or across opening and up to
                           dangerous parts , at least the safety margins set out in Table 3 and
                           4 must be maintained .
      Limb
                     Finger­
                     __t_i_p  __!
  I l Lustrât i on
Width of rec-j
tangular or
slotted
opening _____
Safety margin
up to dange - I
rous part b        i
           Table 3 : Safety margins for elongated and parallel openings
 ---pagebreak---                                                                       - 11
                            Finger-                                       Hand up to base                                             -
       Limb                                 Finger                                                      Arm
                           tip                                         _____of .thumb_____
      Illustration
                                                                                   "Ί .XÍ                   s,
                                      ti-fï'               v!X
                                                                          ;
                                                                         tr
                                                                            £#<tX
                                                                            •Τ'“'*
                                      ;¡.v)                                 ffXxP                      L'
                                                                                                    y\ÌÀ' i-P\
                                                                                                               X
                                                                                                                                         'ï
   Width of                                                                                       *
   aperture ,
   diameter or                         > G: ¿ 12          > 12:2:25                 > 25: £ <0            > 40: £ 250              > 250
   lateral
    length a
    Safety margir              ¿ 13      sto                ;> 1?.G                    ■¿. 7.00                ¿ G50
    from dange-
    rous zone b
           Table 4 : Safety margin for square or circular apertures
           2 . 3 . 2 . 5 . Safety margins at pinching points
                           A pinching point is not considered dangerous for the part of the body
                            shown if the safety margins are not less than those set out in Table
                           5 , and if it is ensured that the adjacent , wider part of the body
                            cannot be introduced .
           A pinching point is not considered to be dangerous for the part of the body
           shown if the following minimum safety margins are adhered to and if it is
           ensured that the majority of the closest part of the body cannot penetrate it :
Limb               Body                  Leg                       Foot                       Arm
                                                                                                     Hand , joint,
                                                                                                         fi rst
                                                                                                                            Finger
Safety
margin                 eoo                 1 GO                                    120                      100                 ?.G
I l lus­                        T                    *
                                                                                     *«Ϊ<,            N, "O
                                                                                                                       i
                                          X‘ ] Μ
                                                           ' '–* 3^^Ιχ
tration
                                                                                                                  i: ?
                  JfW
                     h-i :* ·;                                                                        X. ·; ,;τ : 1ft )
                                                                                            %
                                                                                                         Vi... · i-i \.
                                          ' ■ ; V'*«.}.«'!
                                          A
                                                                                                            rf, * j.-t
                                                                                                            .Oil (ï
                                                                                                                         '^
                                                                                                                              A Λ
            yu< J£3                                                                                  X*
                                                                                                        X* -                            x
                                                                         Table 5
           2.3.2.6.            Controls
                               Where controls require an effort of between 80 N and 150 N a free
                               space must be provided , at the handle , of at least 25mm between the
                               control and the adjacent parts ; where controls require an effort of
                               more than 150 N a free space of at least 50 mm must be provided
                               around the hand grip .
 ---pagebreak---                                            - 12 -
                 The separate pedal for the steering brake does not need any
                 protection against a pinching or shearing point since its rearward
                 travel is very limited .
                 The holes through which the controls pass through parts of the
                 platform or cabin do not need any protection against pinching or
                 shearing points if suitable use precludes any risk of injury to the
                 working parts of the body .
2.3.2.7.         Three-point coupling
2 . 3 . 2 . 7.1 . Behind a plane passing through the median plane of the pivot points
                   of the lifting rods in a three-point coupling system a minimum
                   safety margin of 25mm must be maintained between the moving parts
                   for each point or of the lifting device 's travel - but not for the
                   extreme upper and lower positions 0.1 n , together with a distance
                   of 25 mm or a minimum angle of 30° for the parts in shear which
                   cause a change in angularity ( see figure 3 ). Travel n' , reduced by
                   0.1 . n at both its upper and lower ends is defined as follows ( see
                   figure 4 );
                                           Figure 3
 ---pagebreak---                                             - 13 -
                                              Figure 4
2 . 3 . 2 . 7 . 2 . For travel n of the hydraulic lifting unit , lower position A of the
                    coupling point of the lower rod is limited by dimension " 14 " in
                    accordance with standard ISO 730 , Part 1 , while upper position B is
                    limited by the maximum hydraulic travel . Travel n' corresponds to
                    travel n reduced upwards and downwards by 0.1 n , and constitutes
                    the vertical distance between A' and B' .
2 . 3 . 2 . 7 . 3 . Moreover , within travel n' a minimum safety margin of 25 mm in
                    relation to the adjacent parts must be maintained around the
                    profile of the lifting rods .
2 . 3 . 2 . 7 . 4 . If , in the case of a three-point coupling , coupling devices are used
                    which do not require the presence of an operator between the
                    tractor and the implement carried ( for example , in the case of a
                    quick coupling ), the provisions of 2 . 3 . 2 . 7 . 3 . do not apply .
2.3.2.7. 5          The operating manual should also contain specific information on
                    the dangerous parts located at the front of the plane defined in
                    the first sentence in point 2 . 3 . 2 . 7.1 .
2.3.2.8.            Driving seat and environment
                    When he is in a sitting position , all pinching or shearing points
                    shall be out of range of the driver 's hands or feet . This
                    requirement shall be considered to have been met if the following
                    conditions are fulfilled :
2 . 3 . 2 . 8.1 . The driver 's seat shall be at the mid-point in its longitudinal and
                    vertical adjustment range . The driver 's reach limit shall be
                    divided into zones A and B. A central spherical point of these
                    zones shall be 70mm in front of and 570 mm above the seat reference
                    point ( see figure 5 ).  Zone A shall consist of a sphere having a
                    diameter of 550 mm while Zone B will be located between that sphere
                    and a sphere having a diameter of 1000 mm .
 ---pagebreak---                                        14
2.3.2.8. 2.       A safety margin of 120 mm in zone A and 25 mm in zone B shall
                  be maintained near the pinching and shearing points , whilst a
                  minimum angle of 30° shall be maintained in the case of
                  shearing parts causing a change in angularity .
2.3.2.8.3.        In zone A , only the pinching and shearing points caused by
                  parts set in motion by an outside energy source must be taken
                  into account .
2.3. 2.8.4.       If a dangerous part is due to the presence of structural parts
                  adjacent to the seat , a safety margin of at least 25 mm shall
                  be maintained between that structural part and the seat . There
                  is no dangerous part between the seat back-rest and the
                  adjacent structural parts located behind that back-rest if the
                  adjacent structural parts are smooth and the seat back-rest
                  itself is rounded in the surrounding area and has no sharp
                  points .
2. 3.2.9.         Passenger seat ( if any ).
2 . 3 . 2 . 9.1 . If parts may constitute a danger for the feet , provision must
                  be made for protective devices within a hemisphere radius of
                  800 mm starting from the forward edge of the seat cushion and
                  pointing downwards .
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 15 -
2.3. 2.9. 2. As described in point 2 . 3 . 2 . 8 . ( see figure 6 ) the dangerous
             parts in zones A and B must be protected within a sphere whose
             centre is 670 mm above the Centre of the front edge of the crew
             seat .
2.3.2.10 .   Narrow-track tractors
             In the case of narrow-track tractors , the requirement of points
             2 . 3 . 2 . 8 . and 2 . 3 . 2 . 9 . shall not apply to the area situated
             below a plane inclined at 45° to the rear and transverse to the
             direction of travel , and passing through a point located 230 mm
             behind the seat reference point ( see fig . 7 ). If there are any
             dangerous parts in this zone , warnings shall be affixed to the
             tractor .
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 16 -
2.3.2.11 .   Access to driving and passenger seats .
2.3.2.11.1 . Access shall be free of parts which may cause injury . If it is
             not possible to avoid projections into the upward access zone
             ( clutch pedal , for example ), there must be sufficient room for
             at least one foot forwards , to the rear or sides of these
             parts .
2.3.2.11.2 . A space of at least 150 mm must be reserved at the door
             threshold ( see figure 8 ). In addition , any dangerous parts with
             which the driver may come into contact during normal entry and
             exit operations ( for example , sharp or very hot parts ) must be
             protected .
2.3.2.12 .   Steering and Swing Axle
             Parts moving in relation to each other or to fixed parts shall
             be protected if they lie within the zone defined in points
             2 . 3 . 2 . 8 . - 2.3.2.10 .
2.3.2.13 .   Exposed Transmission Shafts
             Exposed transmission shafts ( for example , for four-wheel drive )
             which only rotate while the tractor is in motion , shall be
             protected if they are located within the zone defined in points
             2 . 3 . 2 . 8 . - 2.3.2.10 .
2.3.2.14 .   Mudguards
             The clearance zones of the mudguards shall meet the
              requirements set out in point 2.5 .
                                          Figure 8
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 17 -
2.4 .           Method of Determining the Seat Reference Point .
2.4.1 .         General
                The method and device used in defining the reference point for
                any type of upholstered seat are described below .
2.4.2 .         Définitions
                Seat reference point ( SIP ) :
                Point situated in the median vertical longitudinal plane of the
                SIP locating device represented in figure 1 which is placed on
                the driving seat in accordance with points 2.4.4 . and 2.4.6 .;
                The seat reference point is laid down in relation to the
                vehicle and does not move as a function of the seat adjustments
                and / or oscillations .
2.4.3 .         Device for determining the seat reference point ( SIP )
                The device for determining the SIP shall be as shown in figure
                1 . The mass of that device shall be six +/- 1 kg and its
                underside shall be flat and polished .
2.4.4 .         Seat setting for determination of reference point ( SIP ).
                Where a seat and its suspension can be regulated , the seat
                shall be regulated as follows before the reference point is
                determined :                  <■
                a ) All of the adjustments - back / forth , height and rake - shall
                    be in their mid-position . If this is not the case , the
                    closest adjustment either above or after of the mid-position
                    should be used .
                b ) Adjustable suspension shall be adjusted in such a way that
                    the suspension is at mid-travel with the locating device in
                    position and loaded . The suspension may be locked
                    mechanically in that position while the reference point
                    ( SIP ) is determined .
                c ) Non-adjustable suspension may be locked in the vertical
                    position that is achieved with the locating device in place
                    and loaded .
                d ) If the adjustments mentioned above conflict with the
                    manufacturer 's specific instructions , these must be followed
                    in such a way as to obtain the setting recommended for a 75
                    kg driver .
N.B. : A 75kg driver offers an approximation of the locating device in position
        on the seat and loaded with a mass of 65 kg .
 ---pagebreak---                                - 18 -
2.4.5 . Determination of the three references axes x' , y' and z' for
        the SIP .
        The co-ordinates shall be established as follows :
        a ) Location , on one side of the seat mounting , of the
             attachment hole that is in the most rear position .
        b ) If the axis of this hole is parallel to the pivot axis
             defined on the device , it shall be taken as axis y' ,
             ( pointing from left to right in relation to a seated driver
             - see figure 2 ).
        c ) If the axis of this hole is parallel to the vertical plane
             passing through the centre line of the seat , the straight
             line shall be taken as axis y' which runs parallel to the
             pivot axis referred to and passes through the point of
             intersection between the supporting plane of the seat and
             the hole axis referred to above ( see fig . 3 ).
        d ) In all other cases , axis y' shall be established in
             accordance with the parameters relating to the seat to be
             examined .
        e ) Axes x'    and z' are to be defined as intersections of the
             horizontal and vertical planes passing through y' with the
             vertical plane through the seat centre line . Axes x' and z'
             shall point forwards and upwards ( see figures 2 and 3 )
2.4.6 . Method of determining the seat reference point ( SIP )
        The seat reference point ( SIP ) shall be determined by using the
        device shown in figure 1 and by proceeding in the following
        manner    :
        a ) The seat shall be covered with     a piece of cloth in order to
             facilitate correct positioning    of the device .
        b ) The device shall be positioned     on the seat cushion .( without
             additional mass ) by pushing it   rearwards against the back­
             rest .
        c ) Masses should be added to bring the total mass of the device
             from 6 +/- 1 kg to 26 +/- 1 kg . The centre of vertical force
             shall be 40 mm ahead of the seat reference point mark on the
             horizontal part of the device ( see figure 1 ).
        d ) A horizontal force of about 100 N shall be applied twice to
             the device on the seat reference point , as set out in figure
             1.
        e ) Other masses shall be added to bring the total mass of the
             device from 26+/- 1 kg to 65 +/- 1 kg . The centre of the
             vertical force of the masses added shall be 40 mm ahead of
             the seat reference point mark on the horizontal part of the
             device ( see fig . 1 ).
         f ) On both sides of the seat in two vertical planes ,
             equidistant from the longitudinal median line of the seat ,
             the coordinates , as defined in point 5 , of the intersections
             of those planes on the axis of the seat reference point
             marked by the device shall be measured to +/- 1mm .
         g ) The conditions resulting from the method of determination ,
              and which diverge from the procedure set out in this Annex ,
             or which may be the source of errors as regards their
              results , may be noted , as may their causes .
 ---pagebreak---    - 19 -
             Dimensions in millimeters
                   75
                            cy
                            co
                                 O
                                 CO
                                 CNi
Cl
<w
          Lo   130    '
          i
 ---pagebreak---                           - 20 -
the median Line of the seat )
 ---pagebreak--- Clearance zone around the drive wheels
Clearance zone around the wheels means the space which must
remain clear all the way round the drive wheel in relation to
the adjacent parts of the vehicle i.e. the mudguards , mounting
points , drawbar and electrical conduits . A smaller clearance
zone shall be authorized on vehicles whose mudguards also
scrape off earth stuck to the wheels .
The clearance zone of the drive wheels , when fitted with
standard tyres , shall correspond to the dimensions set out in
the following figure and table :
               norma l track     narrow track
            ·.·  a           It      (3       It
                min.        mût    mi*i      m*n .
                 50          to     >5       30
 ---pagebreak---                            - 22 -
3.    Trailer brake control
3.1 . The trailer braking system ( service brake and / or parking brake
      and / or automatic brake ) shall be actuated by a control which
      can be moderated and which is mounted on the tractor and can be
      operated by the driver from the driving seat .
      However , the presence of a control is not required when the
      service brake is of the inertia type .
3.2 . Where the trailer is not coupled to the tractor , the service
      brake shall be able to be actuated by a person standing upright
      on the ground . This is not required if the parking brake is
      actuated automatically when the traitor is detached from the
      tractor .
3.3 . The traitor brake control must be in the form either of a pedal
      or of a handle or lever .
 ---pagebreak---                                                                         /
                                      - 23 -
                                       Appendi x
                                          MO DEL
                                                     Name of Administration
ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD TO
THE SPEED GOVERNOR , PROTECTION OF THE DRIVE COMPONENTS , PROJECTIONS AND
WHEELS , AND THE TRAILER-BRAKE CONTROL .
( Articles 4 ( 2 ) and 10 of Council Directive 74 / 150 / EEC of 4 March 1974 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the EEC type-
approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors ).
EEC type-approval number .....
1.   Component ( s ) or characteristic(s ) :
     1.1 . speed governor ( where present )
     1.2 . protection of the drive units , projection and wheels
     1.3 . Trailer brake control .
2.   Make of tractor ( or business name of manufacturer )     :.... .....
3.   Type and commercial description of tractor : .....
4.   Manufacturer 's name and address :    .....
5.   If applicable , name and address of manufacturer 's authorized
     representative : .....
6 . Description of component(s ) and / or characteristi ( s ) mentioned under 1
     above : .....
7.   Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval : .....
8    Technical service conducting the type-approval tests :
9 . Date of report issued by that service : .....
10 . Number of report issued by that service : .....
11 . EEC type-approval for the speed governor , protection of the drive
     components , projections and wheels , and for the trailer-brake control is
     granted / refused 1 :
12 . Place : ..... . . . .....
13 . Date : ..... . . . .....
14 . Signature : ..... . . . .....
15 . The following documents , bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated
      above, are annexed to this certificate :
       ..... dimensional drawing
       ..... exploded view or photograph of the relevant parts of the
                         tractor .
     These data must be supplied to the component authorities of the other
     Member States if they so request .
16 . Remarks : .....
1 Delete where inapplicable .
 ---pagebreak---           - 24 -
          ANNEX III
WINDSCREENS AND OTHER GLAZING
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 25 -
                                     ANNEX III-A
 DEFINITIONS , APPLICATION FOR TYPE APPROVAL , TYPE APPROVAL , MARKINGS , GENERAL
               SPECIFICATIONS , TESTS AND CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
1.             DEFINITIONS
1 .1 .         For the purposes of this Directive :
1 .1 .         " Toughened-glass pane " means a glass pane consisting of a
               single layer of glass which has been subjected to special
               treatement to increase its mechanical strength and condition
               its f ragmentations after shattering ;
1 .2.          Laminated-glass pane " means a glass pane consisting of two or
               more layers of glass held together by one or more interlayers
               of plastic material ;
                it may be :
1 .2.1 .       " Ordinary " , where   none of the layers of glass of which it is
               composed has been treated ; or
1 .2.2.        " Treated " , where at least one of the layers of glass of which
                it is composed has been specially treated to increase its
               mechanial strength and to condition its fragmentation after
               shattering ;
1.3 .          " Safety glazing coated with plastic material " means a glass
               pane as defined in paragraph 1.1 . or 1.2 . with a layer of
               plastics material on its inner surface .
1.4 .          " Glass-plastics safety glazing " means a pane of laminated glass
               having one layer of glass and one or more layers of plastics
               material at least one of which acts as interlayer . The plastics
                layers shall be on the inner face when the glazing is fitted on
               the tractor .
1.5 .          " Group of windscreens " means a group comprising windscreens of
               differing sizes and shapes subjected to an examination of their
               mechanical properties , their mode of fragmentation and their
               behaviour in environmental-aggression resistane tests ;
1.5.1 .        " Flat windscreen " means a windscreen exhibiting no nominal
                curvature resulting in a height of segment exceeding 10 mm per
                linear metre ;
1.5.2 .         " Curved windscreen " means a windscreen exhibiting nominal
                curvature resulting in a height of segment exceeding 10 mm per
                linear metre .
1 .6.           " Double window " means a set of two panes installed separately
                in the same opening on the tractor ;
 ---pagebreak---                                - 26 -
1.7 .    " Double glazing " means a unit composed of two panes permanently
         assembled in the factory and separated by a uniform gap ;
1.7.1 .  " Symmetrical double glazing " means double glazing in which the
         two constituent panes are of the same type ( toughened or
         laminated glass , etc. .) and exhibit identical principal and
         secondary characteristics ;
1.7.2 .  " Asymmetrical double glazing " means double glazing in which the
         two constituent panes are of a different type ( toughened or
         laminated glass , etc. .) or exhibit different principal and / or
         secondary characteristics ;
1.8 .    " Principal characteristic " means a characteristic which
         appreciably modifies the optical and / or mechanical properties
         of a pane of glass in a way not without significance to the
         function which the glass pane is to perform in a tractor . This
         term also covers the trade name or mark ;
1.9 .    " Secondary characteristic " means a characteristic capable of
         modifying the optical and / or mechanical properties of a pane of
         glass in a way which is of significance to the function which
         the glass pane is intended to perform in a tractor . The extent
         of such modification is assessed in relation to the indices of
         difficulty ;
1.10     The term " indices of difficulty " covers a two-stage grading
         system applying to the variations observed in practice in each
         secondary characteristic . A change from index " 1 " to index " 2 "
         indicates the need for additional tests ;
1.11 .   " Developed area of a windscreen " means the minimum rectangular
         area of glass from which a windscreen can be manufactured ;
1.12 .   " Rake angle of a windscreen " means the angle included between a
         vertical line and a straight line passing through the top and
         bottom extremities of the windscreen , both lines lying in a
         vertical plane along the longitudinal axis of the tractor .
1.12.1 . Measurement of the rake angle shall be performed on a tractor
         standing on level ground , in running order , fully charged with
         fuel , coolant and lubricant , and equipped with tools and the
          spare wheel or wheels ( if they are provided as standard
         equipment by the tractor manufacturer ); allowance shall be made
          for the mass of a driver and of one front-seat passenger , the
         mass of the driver and that of the passenger each being deemed
          to be 75 +/- 1 kg .
1.12.2 . Tractors equipped with hydropneumatic , hydraulic or pneumatic
          suspension or with a device for automatic adjustment of ground
         clearance according to load shall be tested in the normal
          running conditions specified by the manufacturer .
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 27 -
  1.13            " Height of segment " means the maximum distance , measured at
                  right angles approximately to the glass pane , separating the
                  inner surface of the pane from a pane passing through the ends
                  of the pane , ( see Annex III-J , Fig . 1 > p
  1.14 .          " Type of glass pane " means a glass pane , as defined in
                  paragraph 1.1 to 1.4.,not exhibiting any essential differences
                  in respect , in particular , of the principal and secondary
                  characteristics mentioned in Annexes III-C to III-K ;
  1.14.1 .        Although a change in the principal characteristics implies that
                  the product is of a new type , it is recognized that in certain
                  cases a change in shape and dimension does not necessarily
                  require a complete set of tests to be carried out . For certain
                  of the tests prescribed in the individual annexes , glass panes
                / may be grouped together if it is evident that they have similar
                  principal characteristics ;
. 1.14.2 .        Glass panes exhibiting differences only as    regards their
                  secondary characteristics may be deemed to    be of the same type ;
                  certain tests may , however , be carried out  on samples of such
                  panes if the performance of those tests is    explicitly
                  stipulated in the test conditions ;
  1.15 .          " Minimum radius of curvature " means the approximate value of
        «
                  the smallest radius of arc of the windscreen as measured in the
                  area of maximum curvature .
  2.              APPLICATION FOR TYPE APPROVAL
  2.1 .           The application for EEC approval of a type of glass pane shall
                  be submitted by the manufacturer of the safety-glass pane or by
                  his duly accredited representative for each type of safety
                  glass . The application may be made in one Member State only .
  2.2 .            For each type of safety glass , the application shall be
                   accompanied by the undermentioned documents in triplicate and
                  by the following particulars :
  2.2.1 .         A technical description comprising all principal and secondary
                  characteristics , and ,
  2 . 2 . 1.1 .    In the case of glazing other than windscreens , drawings in a
                   format not exceeding A4 or folded to that format , showing :
                   - the maximum area ,
                   - the smallest angle between two adjacent sides of the glass
                      pane , and
 ---pagebreak---                                          - 28
                   - the maximum height of segment , if any ;
2.2.1 .2.          In the case of windscreens      :
2.2. 1 .2. 1 .     A list of the models of windscreen for which type approval is
                   sought , giving the name of the tractor manufacturers and the
                   type(s ) of tractor ,
2 . 2 . 1.2 . 2 .  Drawings in full scale and diagrams of the windscreens and
                   their installation in the tractor in suffficient detail to show
2. 2. 1 .2. 2. 2.  The rake angle of the windscreen ,
2.2.1 . 2.2.3.     The rake angle of the seat back-rest .
2.2.1 .2.2.4.      The position and size of the zones in which the optical
                   qualities are verified and , where appropriate , the area
                   subjected to differential toughening ,
2. 2. 1 . 2. 2. 5. The developed area of the windscreen ,
2.2. 1 .2.2.6.     The maximum height of segment of the windscreen , and
2.2.1 .2. 2.7.     The minimum radius of curvature of the windscreen               ( for
                   windscreen-grouping purposes only );
2 . 2 . 1.3 .      In the case of double glazing , drawings in a format not
                   exceeding A4 or folded to that format , showing , in addition to
                   the information referred to in 2 . 2 . 1.1 .       :
                   - the type of each constituent glass pane ,
                   - the type of bonding ( organic , glass-glass or glass-metal ),
                   - the nominal thickness of the gap between the two glass panes .
2.3 .              In addition , the applicant shall submit a sufficient number of
                   test pieces and samples of the finished glass panes of the
                   models considered , the number being if necessary determined by
                   agreement with the technical service for conducting the tests .
3.                 TYPE APPROVAL
3.1 .              If the samples submitted for type approval meet the
                   requirements of paragraphs 5 to 7 below , approval of the
                   pertinent type of safety-glass pane shall be granted .
3.2 .              A type approval number shall be assigned to each type as
                   defined in Annexes 1 1 1 – D , II I – E , III – G and III – H , or , in the
                   case of windscreens , to each group approved .
                   The same Member State may not assign the same number to another
                   type or group of safety-glass panes .
 ---pagebreak---                             - 29 -
3.3 . Notice of approval or extension or refusal of approval of a
      type of safety-glass pane persuant to this Directive shall be
      communicated to the Member States by means of a    form drawn up
      in accordance with the model set out in Annex III-B and its
      Appendices .
3.3.1 In the case of windscreens , the notice of approval shall be
      accompanied by a document listing every windscreen model in the
      approved group , together with the characteristics of the group .
3.4 . In addition to the marking specified in paragraph 4.1 , the EEC
      type-approval mark shall be affixed conspicuously to all
      safety-glass panes , and double-glazed units conforming to a
      type approved under this Directive . Any special type-approval
      mark assigned to each pane of a double-glazed unit may also be
      affixed .
3.5 . The EEC type-approval mark is described in the Appendix .
3.6 . The following additional symbols shall be affixed near the EEC
      type-approval mark :
      51   in the  case of toughened glass
      S1P  in the  case of toughened-glass windscreens
      52   in the  case of laminated glass
      S2P  in the  case of laminated-glass windscreens
      S3   in the  case of glass plastics
      S3P  in the  case of glass plastics windscreens
      S4   in the  case of double glazing .
3.7 . The EEC type-approval mark and the symbol shall be clearly
       legible and indelible .
4.     MARKINGS
4.1 . All safety-glass panes , including the samples and test pieces
       submitted for type approval , shall bear the trade name or mark
      of the manufacturer . The marking shall be clearly legible and
       indelible .
5.     GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1 .  All glazing shall be such that , in the event of shattering , the
       danger of bodily injury is reduced as far as possible . The
       glass shall be sufficiently resistant to the incidents likely
       to occur in normal traffic , and to atmospheric and temperature
       conditions , chemical action , combustion and abrasion .
5.2 .  Safety glass shall in addition be sufficiently transparent ,
       shall not cause any noticeable distortions of objects as seen
       through the windscreen , and shall not give rise to any
 ---pagebreak---                               - 30 -
          confusion between the colours used in road-traffic signs and
          signals . In the event of the windscreen 's shattering , the
          driver shall still be able to see the road clearly enough to be
          able to brake and stop his tractor safely .
6.        PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS
          All types of safety-glass panes shall , depending on the
          category to which they belong , comply with the following
          particular requirements :
6.1 .     As regards uniformly toughened glass : the requirements set out
          in Annex III-D .
6.2 .     As regards ordinary laminated glass : the requirements set out
          in Annex III-E .
6.3 .     As regards plastics coated safety glazing : not only the
          appropriate requirements listed above , but also the
          requirements set out in Annex III-F .
6.4 .     As regards glass-plastics : the requirements set out in Annex
          III-G , and
6.5 .     As regards double glazing , the requirements set out in Annex
          III-H .
7.        TESTS
          The following tests are prescribed :
7.1 .     Fragmentât i on
          The purpose of this test is :
7.1.1 .   To verify that the fragments and splinters produced by fracture
          of the pane of glass are such as to minimize the risk of
           injury ; and ,
7.1.2 .   In the case of windscreens , to check residual visibility after
          shattering .
7.2 .     Mechanical strength
7.2.1 .   Bail-impact test
7.2 . 1.1 227-g ball test . The purpose of this test is to assess the
           adhesion of the interlayer in laminated glass and the
          mechanical strength of toughened glass .
 ---pagebreak---                                - 31
7.2.2 . Headform test
        The purpose of this test is to verify the glass pane 's
        compliance with requirements relating to the limitation of
        injury in the event of impact of the head against the
        windscreen , laminated glass or glass plastics panes , double-
        glazed units used in the side windows .
7.3 .   Résistance to the environment
7.3.1 é Abrasion test
        The purpose of this test is to determine whether the resistance
        of a safety-glass pane to abrasion exceeds a specified value .
7.3.2 . High-temperature test
        The purpose of this test is to verify that no bubbles or other
        defects occur in the interlayer in a laminated glass or glass-
        plastics pane when the latter is exposed to high temperatures
        over an extended period of time .
7.3.3 . Resistance - to- radiation test
        The purpose of this test is to determine whether the light
        transmittance of laminated-glass , glass plastics or plastics
        coated glass panes exposed to radiation over an extended period
        of time is significantly reduced thereby or whether the glazing
        is significantly discoloured .
7.3.4 . Resistance-to - humidity test
        The purpose of this test is to determine whether a laminated-
        glass , glass-plastics or plastics-coated glass pane will
        withstand , without sinificant deterioration , the effects of
        prolonged exposure to atmosphere humidity .
7.3.5 . Résistance to température change
        The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastics
        material(s ) used in safety glazing as defined in paragraphs 1.3
        and 1.4 . above will withstand without significant
        deterioration , the effects of prolonged exposure to extreme
        temperatures .
7.4 .   Optical qualities
7.4.1 . Light-transmission test
         The purpose of this test is to determine whether the regular
         transmittance of safety-glass panes exceeds a specified value .
 ---pagebreak---                                - 32 -
7.4.2 . Optical-distortion test
        The purpose of this test is to verify that the distortion of
        objects as seen through the windscreen is not of such extent as
        to be likely to confuse the driver .
7.4.3 . Secondary - image - separation test
        The purpose of this test is to verify that the angular
        separation of the secondary image from the primary image does
        not exceed a specified value .
7.4.4 . Identif ication -of - colours test
        The purpose of this test is to verify that there is no risk of
        confusion of colours as seen through a windscreen .
7.5 .   Burning-behaviour (f i re-resistance ) test
        The purpose of this test is to verify that a composite of
        laminated or other glass that includes a plastics surface
        intended to face the interior of the tractor has a sufficiently
        low burn rate .
7.6 .   Résistance to Chemical agents
        The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastics
        material(s ) used in safety glazing as defined in paragraphs 1.3
        and 1.4 above will withstand , without deterioration , the
        effects of exposure to the chemical agents likely to be present
        or used in a vehicle ( for example , cleaning agents ).
7.7 .   Te sts prescribed for glass panes of the categories defined in
        paragraphs 1.1 to 1.4 of this Directive .
7.7.1 . Safety-glass panes shall be subjected to the tests listed in
        the following table :
 ---pagebreak---                                          - 33 -
                                  'TOUGHENED GLASS' LAMINATED GLASS'GLASS-PLASTICS
 Fragmentation test                    III-D / 2
 Mechanical-strength test
 227 g ball                            III-D / 3.1          III-E / 4              III-E / 4
 Headform test ( 1 )                         -
                                                            III-E / 3              III-G / 3
 Abrasion test
 - outer surface                                            III-E / 5.1 .          III-E / 5.1 .
 - inner surface                       III-F / 2   ( 2)     III-F / 2   ( 2)       III-F / 2
 High temperature test                       -
                                                            III-C / 5              III-C / 5
 Resistance -to- radiation                   -
                                                            III-C / 6              III-C / 6
.test
 Res i st ance-to- humid i ty          III-C / 7   (2)      III-C / 7              III-C / 7
 test
 Light-transmission test               III-C / 9.1 •
                                                            III-C / 9.1 .          III-C / 9.1 .
 Optical-distortion test               III-C / 9.2 .  ( 3)  III-C / 9.2 . ( 3 )    III-C / 9.2 . ( 3 )
 Sec onda ry-i mage-sepa rat i on
 test                                  III-C / 9.3 .  (3)   III-C / 9.3 .  ( 3)    III-C / 9.3 . (3)
 Burning behaviour ( fire-
 resistance ) test                     III-C / 8      ( 2)  III-C / 8      (2)     III-C / 8
 Resistance to temperature
 change                                III-C / 10     ( 2)  III-C / 10     ( 2)    III-C / 10
 Resistance to chemical agents         III-C / 11      ( 2) III-C / 11      ( 2)   III-C / 11
 1 . This test shall also be performed on double-glazed units in               accordance
       with Annex III-H , pararaph 3 .
 2.    Applies only to glass panes coated with plastics material on their inner
       surface .
 3.    This test shall be performed only on glazing used in windscreens .
  NOTE : A reference such as III-D / 2 refers to pararaph 2 of Annex III-D ,
             where the relevant test is described .
 ---pagebreak--- 7.7.2 .       A safety-glass pane shall be type-approved if it meets all the
               requirements prescribed in the relevant provisions referred to
               in the above table .
8.            MODIFICATION OR EXTENSION OF APPROVAL OF A TYPE OF SAFETY-GLASS
              PANE
8.1 .         All modifications to a type of safety-glass pane , or , in the
               case of windscreens , all additions of windscreens to a group ,
              shall be notified to the administrative department which approve
              the type of safety-glass pane . The department may then either :
8.1.1 .       consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have an
               appreciable adverse effect and , in the case of windscreens , that
              the new type comes within the approved group of' windscreens , and
              that at all events the safety-glass pane still complies with the
               requi rementsj or
8.1.2 .        require a further test report from the technical service
               responsible for conducting the tests .
8.2 .          Communi cation
8.2.1 .        Confirmation , refusal or extenstion of type-approval shall be
               communicated to the Member States in accordance with the
              procedure specified in paragraph 3.3 above .
8.2.2 .        The competent authority that has granted an extension of type
               approval shall place a serial number on each communication to
               that effect .
9.             CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
9.1 .          Safety glazing type-approved under this and the following
               Annexes shall be so manufactured as to conform to the approved
               type and meet the requirements set out in paragraphs 5 ., 6 . and
               7 . above .
9.2 .          To verify that the requirements of paragraph 9.1 have been met ,
               constant checks shall be carried out on production .
9.3 .          The holder of the type approval shall in particular ,
9.3.1 .        Ensure that procedures exist for controlling the quality of the
               product .
9.3.2 .        Have access to the equipment necessary for checking conformity
               to each approved type ,
                                                                              (1 )
9.3.3 .        Record data of test results and make the ancillary documents
               available for a period to be determined in argeement with the
               administrative department .
C1 ) Fragmentation test results shall be recorded even if no photographic print
is required .
 ---pagebreak---                                 - 35 -
9.3.4 .  Analyse the results of each type of test to verify and ensure
         consistency of the product characteristics , allowing for the
         permissible variations in industrial production ,
9.3.5 .  Ensure that , for each type of product , at least the tests
         prescribed in Annex III-K are carried out , and
9.3.6 .  Ensure that where any samples or test pieces show non-conformity
         with the type of test concerned , further samples are taken and
         tested .
         All necessary steps shall be taken to re-establish conformity in
         the production concerned .
9.4 .    The competent authority may at any time verify the methods for
         checking conformity applicable to each production unit ( see
         Annex III-K , paragraph 1.3 ).
9.4.1 .  At every inspection , the test data and production records shall
         be presented to the inspector .
9.4.2 .  The inspector may take samples at random to be tested in the
         manufacturer 's laboratory . The minimum number of samples may be
         determined in the light of the results of the manufacturer 's own
         checks .
9.4.3 .  Where the quality standard appears unsatisfactory or where it
         appears necessary to verify the validity of the tests carried
         out under paragraph 2.4.2 , the inspector may select samples to
         be sent to the technical service which conducted the type-
         approval test .
9.4.4 .  The competent authority may carry out any test prescribed in
          this Directive .
9.4.5 .   The normal frequency of inspection shall be two per year for
          each production unit . If unsatisfactory results are found
         during any of these inspections , this frequency may be increased
          by the competent authority .
10 .      PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
10 . 1 .  The approval granted in respect of a type of safety-glass pane
          pursuant to this Directive may be withdrawn if the requirement
          laid down in paragraph 9.1 above is not complied with .
10 . 2 .  If a Member State withdraws a type approval it has previously
          granted , it shall forthwith notify the other Member States
          thereof by means of a copy of the type approval form bearing at
          the end , in large letters , the signed and dated annotation " TYPE
          APPROVAL WITHDRAWN ".
11 .      NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF THE TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR
           CONDUCTING TYPE-APPROVAL TESTS AND OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE
           DEPARTMENTS GRANTING TYPE-APPROVAL .
 ---pagebreak---                                 36 -
Each Member State shall communicate to the other Member States and the
Commission the names and addresses of the technical services responsible
for concluding type-approval tests and of the administrative departments
granting EEC type-approval , to which the forms notifying type-approval or
refusal or withdrawal of type-approval issued in the other Member States
are to be sent .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 37
                                      APPENDIX
                               EEC TYPE-APPROVAL MARK
1.     The EEC type-approval mark is composed of :
1.1 .  A rectangle containing a small letter 'e' followed by the
       distinguishing number or letters of the Member State which granted EEC
       type approval :
       1     for the Federal Republic of Germany
       2     for France
       3     for Italy
       4     for the Netherlands
       6     for Belgium
       9     for Spain
       11    for the United Kingdom
       13    for Luxembourg
       18    for Denmark
       21    for Portugal
       IRL for Ireland
       EL    for Greece ,
1.2 .  A small letter 's' followed by a number and a small letter 'p' , in the
       case of windscreen glass , in accordance with Annex III-A , paragraph
       3.6 ,
1.3 .  A two-figure number indicating the last two figures of the year of
       publication of the Directive or its adaptation to technical progress ,
       and
1.4 .  An EEC type-approval number corresponding to the number of the EEC
       type-approval form .
                              Specimen EEC type-approval mark
Key : The glass bearing the foregoing EEC type-approval mark is laminated
      glass not for use in windscreens ( S2 ), type-approved after the 1987
      edition of the Directive ( 87 ), in Italy ( e3 ), under number 431
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 38 -
                                     ANNEX III-B
                                                         Name of administration
COMMUNICATION CONCERNING THE EEC TYPE APPROVAL / THE REFUSAL OF EEC TYPE
APPROVAL / THE EXTENSION OF EEC TYPE-APPROVAL / THE WITHDRAWAL OF EEC TYPE
APPROVAL / THE DISCONTINUATION OF PRODUCTION (1 * OF A TYPE OF SAFETY-GLASS PANE
                          PURSUANT TO DIRECTIVE .....
EEC type-approval No .....                    Extension No .....
1.   Category of safety glass : .....
2.   Description of pane ( see Appendices 1 , 2 , 3 , and 4 and , in the case of
     windscreens , the list in conformity with Appendix 5 : .....
3.   Trade name or mark : .....
4.   Manufacturer 's name and address :    .....
5.   Name and address of manufacturer 's representative where applicable ....
6.   Submitted for type approval on : .....
7.   Technical service responsible for conducting type-approval tests : .....
8.   Date of test report : ..... .....
9.   Number of test report : .....
10 . Remarks :  .....
11 . Ground(s ) for extending type approval . . .....
                                                             (1 )
12 . Type approval granted / refused / extended / withdrawn
13 . Place : .....
14 . Date :   ..... . . . .....
15 . Signature : .....
16 . A list is attached of the documents obtainable on request , comprising the
     type-approval file lodged with the administrative department granting type
     approval .
     (1 )
          Delete whichever is inapplicable
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 39 -
                                      ANNEX III-B
                                       Appendix 1
                           UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED GLASS PANES
( Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex III-D or
                                     Annex III-F )
EEC type-approval No :                                  Extension No :
1.      Principal characteristics
1.1 .   Other than windscreens ( YES / NO )         : .....
1.2 .   Shape category                              : .....
1.3 .   Nature of toughening process                : .....
1.4 .   Thickness category                          : .....
1.5 «   Nature and type of plastics coating(s )     : .....
2.      Secondary characteristics
2.1 .   Nature of material ( polished ( plate )     : .....
        glass , float glass , sheet glass )         : .....
2.2 .   Colouring of glass                          : .....
2.3 .   Colouring of plastics coating(s )           : .....
2.4 .  'Conductors incorporated ( YES / NO )        : .....
2.5 .   Obscuration bands incorporated ( YES / NO ) : .....
3.      Criteria type-approved
3.1 .   Maximum area ( flat glass )                 : .....
3.2 .   Smallest angle                               : ..... . . . .....
3.3 .   Maximum developed area ( curved glass )      : .....
3.4 .   Maximum height of segment                      .....
4.      Remarks
Documents attached : List of windscreens ( where applicable )
                         See Appendix 5
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 40 -
                                      ANNEX   III-B
                                       Appendix 2
                               LAMINATED-GLASS PANES
( Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex III-E or
                                     Annex III-F )
EEC type-approval No :                                     Extension No :
1.    Princip al characteristics
1.1 . Number of layers of glass                         : .....
1.2 . Number of interlayers                             : .....
1.3 . Thickness category                                : .....
1.4 . Nominal thickness of inter layer ( s )            : .....
1.5   Special treatment of glass                        : .....
1.6 . Nature and type of inter layer ( s )              : .....
1.7 . Nature and type of plastics coating(s )           : .....
1.8 . Thickness of plastics coating(s )                 : .....
2.    Secondary characteristics
2.1 . Nature of material ( polished ( plate )           : .....
      glass , float glass , sheet glass )
2.2 . Colouring of interlayer ( s ) ( total / partial ) : .....
2.3 . Colouring of glass                                 : .....
2.4 . Colouring of plastics coating(s )                  : .....
2.5 . Conductors incorporated ( YES / NO )               : .....
2.6 . Obscuration bands incorporated ( YES / NO )        : .....
3.    Remarks
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 41
                                      ANNEX III-B
                                      Appendix 3
                                 GLASS-PLASTICS PANES
    ( Principal and secondary characteristcis in accordance with Annex III-G )
EEC type-approval No : .....                           Extension No : .....
1.     Principal characteristi es
1.1 . Number of layers of glass                  : .....
1.2 . Number of layers of plastics               : ..... . . . .....
1.3    Thickness of glass element                : .....
1.4 . Treatment of glass element ( YES / NO )    :... .....
1.5 . Nominal thickness of pane                  : .....
1.6 . Nominal thickness of plastics              : ..... . . . .....
       layer(s ) acting as interlayer ( s )
1.7 . Nature and type of plastics                : .....
       layer(s ) acting as inter layer(s )
1.8 . Nature and type of outer plastics          . . .....
       layer
2.     Secondary characteristics
2.1 . Nature of material ( polished ( plate )
       glass , float glass , sheet glass )        : .....
2.2 . Colouring of glass ( colourless / tinted ) . . .....
2.3 . Colouring of plastics layer(s )
       ( total / partial )                        : .....
2.4 . Conductors incorporated ( YES / NO )         . . .....
2.5 . Obscuration bands incorporated ( YES / NO ): .....
3      Remarks
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 42 -
                                      ANNEX III – B
                                      Appendix 4
                                  DOUBLE-GLAZED UNITS
( Principal and secondary characteristics in accordance with Annex III-H ).
EEC type-approval No : .....                          Extension No : .....
1.    Principal characteristics
1.1 . Composition of double-glazed units
      ( symmetrical / asymmetrical )               : .....
1.2 . Nominal thickness of gap                      : .....
1.3 . Method of assembly                           : .....
1.4 . Type of each pane in accordance with
      Annexes III-D , III-E , III-F , or III-G      : .....
2.    Documents attached
2.1 . A form for each pane in an assymetri-
      cal double-glazed unit in accordance
      with the Annexes under which they were
      tested or type-approved                       : .....
2.2 . A form for both panes of a symmetrical
      double-glazed unit in accordance with
      the Annex under which they were type-
      approved                                      : .....
3.    Remarks
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 43 -
                                        ANNEX III-B
                                         Appendix 5
                      CONTENTS OF THE LIST OF WINDSCREENS <1 5
For each of the windscreens covered by this type approval , at least the
following information shall be supplied .
1.   Tractor manufacturer : ..... . . .
2.   Tractor type : .....
3.   Developed area ( F ): ..... . . .
4.   Height of segment ( S ) : .....
5.   Minimum radius of curvature ( r )     : .....
6.   Windscreen rake angle ( d ) : .....
7.   Seat back-rest rake angle ( ) :.. ..... . . . .....
                              description of coordinates
                              F,r , S of windscreen
                                               ! •
                                                           V
                                                            t
                                                          s
                                                            I
                                                            1
                            l / Developed area of
                            \!       windscreen -
                                              I__________
                                             I
                                          Radius of curvature r
                                       • Height of segment    S
                                             %S
                                Coordinates - o-f point r with"
                                   respect to windscreen
 (1 ) This list shall be attached to Appendices 1 , 2 (where applicable ),
      3 and 4 of Annex III-B .
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 44 -
                                                             Annex III-C , p. 1
                                 ANNEX III-C
                           GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS
1.            FRAGMENTATION
1.1 .         The pane of glass to be tested shall not be rigidly secured ; it
              may however be fastened on an identical glass pane by means of
              adhesive tape applied all round the edge .
1 .2.         To obtain fragmentation , a hammer of about 75 g or some other
              appliance giving equivalent results shall be used . The radius
              of curvature of the point shall be 0.2 + /- 0.05 mm .
1.3 .         One test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of
              impact .
1.4 .         An examination shall be made of the fragments on photographic
              contact paper , exposure commencing not more than 10 seconds and
              terminating not more than three minutes after impact . Only the
              darkest lines , representing the initial fracture , shall be
              taken into consideration . The laboratory shall keep
              photographic reproductions of the fragmentation obtained .
2.            BALL-IMPACT TESTS
2. 1 .        227-g BALL TEST
2.1 .1 .      Apparatus
2. 1 .1 .1 .  Hardened-steel ball with a mass of 227 +/- 2 g and a diameter
              of approximately 38 mm .
2. 1 . 1 . 2. Means for dropping the ball freely from a height to be
              specified , or a means for giving the ball a velocity equivalent
              to that obtained by the free fall .
              When a device to project the ball is used , the tolerance on
              velocity shall be +/- 1 per cent of the velocity equivalent to
              that obtained by the free fall .
2. 1 . 1 .3.  Supporting fixture , such as that shown in figure 1 and
               identical with that shown in 2 . 1.1 . 3 . The lower frame rests on
              a steel box about 150 mm high . The test piece is held in place
              by the upper frame , the mass of which is about 3 kg . The
              supporting frame is welded on to a sheet of steel about 12 mm
              thick resting on the floor with an interposed sheet of rubber
              about 3 mm thick and of hardness 50 IRHD .
 ---pagebreak---                                    45 -
                                                         Annex III-C , p. 2
                                                          Dimensions in
                         FIGURE 1 - Support for bail tests
2.1 .2.     Test conditions
2 . 1.2.1   Température : 20 +/- 5° C
2 . 1.2 . 2 Pressure : 860 to 1060 mbar ;
2 . 1.2 . 3 Relative humidity : 60 +/- 20 per cent
2.1.3 .     Test piece
2 . 1.3.1   The test piece shall be a flat square whose sides measure 300
            +/- 10 / 0 mm .
 ---pagebreak---                                                Annex III-C , p. 3
Procedure
Condition the test piece at the specified temperature for at least
four hours immediately preceding the test .
Place the test piece in the fixture ( paragraph 2 . 1.1 . 3 ). The plane
of the test piece shall be perpendicular , within 3° , to the
incident direction of the ball .
The point of impact shall be within 25 mm of the geometric centre
of the test piece for a drop height less than or equal to 6 mm , and
within 50 mm of the centre of the test piece for a drop height
greater than 6m . The ball shall strike that face of the test piece
which represents the outside face of the safety-glass pane when
mounted on the tractor .
The ball shall be allowed to make only one impact .
HEAD FORM TEST
Apparatus
Headform weight with a spherical or semi-spherical headform made of
laminated hardwood covered with replaceable felt and with or
without a cross-beam made of wood . There is a neck-shaped
intermediate piece between the spherical part and the cross-beam
and a mounting rod on the other side of the cross-beam .
The dimensions shall be in accordance with figure 2 .
The total mass of the apparatus shall be 10 +/- 0.2 kg .
 ---pagebreak---                             - 47 -
                                                      Annex III-C , p. U
                                         dimensions in millimétrés
3.1.2 . Means for dropping the headform weight freely from a height to be
        specified , or means for giving the weight a velocity equivalent to
        that obtained by the free fall .
        When a device to project the headform weight is used , the tolerance
        on velocity shall be +/- 1 per cent of the velocity equivalent to
        that obtained by the free fall .
3.1.3 . Supporting fixture, as shown in figure 3, for testing flat test
        pieces . The fixture is composed of two steel frames , with machined
        borders 50 mm wide , fitting one over the other and
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 48 -
                                                              Annex III-C , p. 5
                 faced with rubber gaskets about 3 mm thick and 15 +/- 1 mm wide and
                 a hardness 70 IRHD .
                 The upper frame is held pressed against the lower frame by  at least
                 eight bolts .
3.2 .            Test conditions
3.2.1 .          Temperature : 20 +/- 5° C ;
3.2.2 .          Pressure : 860 to 1060 mbar ;
3.2.3 .          Relative humidity : 60 +/- 20 per cent                         •
         ■è
                          Figure 3 - Support for headform tests
     The minimum recommended torque for M 20 is 30 N m
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 49 -                         III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                                  Annex III-C , p. 6
3.3 .            Procedure
3.3.1 .          Test on a flat test piece
                 The flat test piece, having a length of 1,100 + 5mm /- 2 mm and
                 a width of 500 + 5mm /- 2 mm , shall be kept at a constant
                 temperature of 20 +/- 5 °C for at least four hours immediately
                 preceding the test . Fix the test piece in the supporting
                 framles ( paragraph 3.1 . 3 .); the torque on the bolts shall
                 ensure that the movement of the test piece during the test
                 will not exceed 2 mm . The plane of the test piece shall be
                 substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the
                 weight . The weight shall strike the test piece within 40 mm of
                 its geometric centre on that face which represents the inward
                 face of the safety-glass pane when the latter is mounted on
                 the vehicle , and shall be allowed to make only one impact .
                 The impact surface of the felt cover shall be replaced after
                 12 tests .
3.3.2 .          Tests on a complete windscreen ( used only for a drop height of
                 less than or equal to 1.5 m ).
                 Place the windscreen freely on a support with an interposed
                 strip of rubber of hardness 70 IRHD and thickness about 3 mm ,
                 the width of contact over the whole perimeter being about
                 15 mm .
                 The support shall consist of a rigid piece corresponding to
                 the shape of the windscreen so that the headform weight
                 strikes the internal surface .
                 The support shall rest on a rigid stand with an interposed
                 sheet of rubber of hardness 70 IRHD and thickness about 3 mm .
                 The surface of the windscreen shall be substantially
                 perpendicular to the incident direction of the headform
                 weight .
                 The headform weight shall strike the windscreen at a point
                 within 40 mm of its geometric centre on that face which
                 represents the inward face of the safety glass pane when the
                 latter is mounted on the vehicle , and shall be allowed to make
                 only one impact .
                 The impact surface of the felt cover shall be replaced after
                 12 tests .
4.               ABRASION TEST
4.1 .            Apparatus
4.1.1 .          Abrading instrument ^, shown di agrammat ical ly in figure 4 and
                 consisting of :
1
   A suitable abrading instrument is supplied by Teledyne Taber ( United States
   of America ).
 ---pagebreak---                                                                   III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                    “ 50 “                       Annex III-C , p. 7
                - a horizontal turntable , with centre clamp , which revolves
                   counter-clockwise at 65 to 75 rev / min > and
                        FI6URE 4 - Diagramm of abrading instrument
                - two weighted parallel arms each carrying a special abrasive
                   wheel freely relating on a ball-bearing horizontal spindlej
                   each wheel rests on the test specimen under the pressure
                   exerted by a mass of 500 g .
                The turntable of the abrading instrument shall rotate
                regularly , substantially in one plane ( the deviation from this
                plane shall not be greater than + 0.05 mm at a distance of
                1.6 mm from turntable periphery ). The wheels shall be mounted
                 in such a way that when they are in contact with the rotating
                test piece they rotate in opposite directions so as to exert ,
                twice during each rotation of the test piece , a compressive
                and  abrasiv^ action along curved lines over an annular area of
                 about 30 cm .
                                 1
4.1.2 .          Abrasive wheels , each 45 to 50 mm in diameter and 12.5 mm
                 thick , composed of a special finely-screened abrasive embedded
                 in a medium-hard rubber . The wheels shall have a hardness of
                 72 +/- 5 IRHD , as measured at four points equally spaced on
                the centreline of the abrading surface , the pressure being
                 applied vertically along a diameter of the wheel and the
                 readings being taken 10 seconds after full application of the
                 pressure .
1
  Suitable abrasive wheels may be obtained from Teledyne Taber ( United States
  of America ).
 ---pagebreak---                               _ 51 _                      III / 2429 /86-EN
                                                          Annex III-C , p. 8
         The abrasive wheels shall be prepared for use by very slow
         rotation against a sheet of flat glass to ensure that their
         surface is completely even .
A. 1.3 . Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp with its
         filament contained within a parallelepiped measuring 1.5 mm x
         1.5 mm x 3 mm . The voltage shall be stabilized within +/-
         1 / 1000 . The instrument used to check the voltage shall be of
         appropriate accuracy .
A. 1.4 . Optical system consisting of a lens with a focal lenght f of
         at least 500 mm and corrected for chromatic aberrations . The
         full aperture of the lens shall not exceed f / 20 . The distance
         between the lens and the tight source shall be adjusted in
         order to obtain a light beam which is substantially parallel .
         A diaphragm shall be inserted to limit the diameter of the
         light beam to 7 +/- 1 mm . This diaphragm shall be situated at
         a distance of 100 +/- 50 mm from the lens on the side remote
         from the light source .
A. 1.5 . Equipment for measuring scattered light ( see figure 5 ),
         consisting of a photoelectric cell with an integrating sphere
         200 to 250 mm in diameter . The sphere shall be equipped with
         entrance and exit ports for the light . The entrance port shall
         be circular and have a diameter at least twice that of the
         light beam . The exit port of the sphere shall be provided with
         either a light trap or a reflectance standard , according to
         the procedure as described in paragraph A. A. 3 . below . The
         light trap shall absorb all the light when no test piece is
         inserted in the light beam .
         The axis of the light beam shall pass through the centre of
         the entrance and exit ports . The diameter b of the light-exit
         port shall be equal to 2 a . tan 4° , where a is the diameter of
         the sphere . The photoelectric cell shall be mounted in such a
         way that it cannot be reached by light coming directly from
         the entrance port on from the reflectance standard .
         The surfaces of the interior of the integrating sphere and the
         reflectance standard shall be of substantially equal
         reflectance and shall be matt and non-selective .
         The output of the photoelectric cell shall be linear within
         +/- 2 per cent over the range of luminous intensities used .
         The design of the instrument shall be such that there is no
         galvanometer deflection when the sphere is dark .
         The whole apparatus shall be checked at regular intervals by
         means of calibration standards of defined haze .
         If haze measurements are made using equipment or methods
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 52 -                       III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                              Annex III-C , p. 9
              differing from those defined above , the results shall be
              corrected , if necessary , to bring them into agreement with
              those obtained by the apparatus described above .
                                                   Photoelectric cell
        L
         FIGURE 5 - Hazameter
4.2 .         Test conditions
4.2.1 .       Temperature : 20 +/- 5 °C
4.2.2 .       Pressure : 860 to 1060 mbar
4.2.3 .        Relative humidity : 60 +/- 20 per cent .
4.3 .          Test pieces
               The test pieces shall be flat squares    whose          sides
               measure 100 mm having both surfaces substantially plane and
               parallel and having a fixing hole 6.4 + 0.2 / -0 mm in diameter
               drilled in the centre .
4.4 .          Procedure
               The abrasion test shall be carried out on that surface of the
               test piece which represents the outside face of the safety-
               glass pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle and also
               on the inward face in the case of a glass pane with a plastics
               coat ing .
               Immediately before and after the abrasion , clean the test
               pieces in the following manner :
 ---pagebreak---                             - 53 -
                                                                           10
        ( a ) wipe with a linen cloth under clean running water ;
        ( b) rinse with distilled or demineralized water ;
        ( c ) blow dry with oxygen or nitrogen ;
        (d ) remove possible traces of water by dabbing softly with a
              damp linen cloth . If necessary , dry by pressing lightly
              between two linen cloths .
        Any treatment with ultra-sonic equipments shall be avoided .
        After cleaning , the test pieces shall be handled only by their
        edges and shall be stored to prevent damage to , or
        contamination of , their surfaces .
4.4.2 . Condition the test pieces for a minimum time of 48 hours at 20
        +/- 5°C and 60 +/- 20 per cent relative humidity .
4.4.3 . Immediately place the test piece against the entrance port of
        the integrating sphere . The angle between the normal
        ( perpendicular ) to the surface of the test piece and the axis
        of the beam shall not exceed 8° .
        Take four readings as indicated in the following table :
            Reading   With       With           With        Quantity     |
                      test     light-trap  reflectance    represented
                      piece                   standard
                       No        No             Yes       Incident light
              T2       Yes       No             Yes       Total light
                                                          transmitted by
                                                          test piece
              T5       No        Yes            No        Light scattered
                                                          by instrument
              T4       Yes       Yes            No        Light scattered
                                                          by instrument
                                                          and test piece
        Repeat readings for T^, T^, T5 and T^ with other specified
        positions of the test piece to determine uniformity .
        Calculate the total transmittance Tt =
 ---pagebreak---                                                 III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                   - 54
                                               Annex III-C , p. 11
Calculate the diffuse transmittance Td as follows :
                   T4 - T3 (T2 /T 1 )
Calculate the percentage haze , or light , or both , scattered ,
as follows :
                   TJ x 100 per cent
                   Tt
Measure the initial haze of the test piece at a minimum of
four equally-spaced points in the unabraded area in accordance
with the formula above . Average the results for each test
piece . In lieu of the four measurements , an average value may
be obtained by rotating the piece uniformly at 3 rev / sec or
more .
For each safety-glass pane , carry out three tests with the
same kind . Use the haze as a measure of the subsurface
abrasion , after the test piece has been subjected to the
abrasion test .
Measure the light scattered by the abraded track at a minimum
of four equally-spaced points along the track in accordance
with the formula above . Average the results for each test
piece . In lieu of the four measurements , an average value may
be obtained by rotating the piece uniformly at 3 rev / sec or
more .
The abrasion test wilt be carried out only at the discretion
of the laboratory conducting the test with due regard to the
information already at its disposal ; e.g. changes in the
interlayer or material thickness will not normally necessitate
further testing .
Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics .
No secondary characteristics are involved .
HIGH TEMPERATURE
Procedure
 Heat three test specimens or three test pieces of at least
300 mm x 300 mm taken by the laboratory from three
windscreens or panes , as appropriate , one of whose dimensions
corresponds to the upper edge of the pane , to 100 °C .
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 55 -                      III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                              Annex III-C , p. 12
              Maintain this temperature for a period of 2 h , then allow the
              test specimen or specimens to cool to room temperature . If the
              safety-glass pane has both external surfaces of inorganic
              material , the test may be carried out by immersing the test
              specimen vertically in boiling water for the specified period
              of time , care being taken to avoid undue thermal shock .
              If specimens are cut from windscreens , one edge of each such
              test specimen shall be part of an edge of the windscreen .
5.2 .         Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                   Colourless     Tinted
              Colouring the of the interlayer :        1              2
              The other secondary characteristics are not involved .
5.3 .
           -\
              Interpretation of results
5.3.1 .       The test for resistance to high temperature shall be
              considered to give a positive result if bubbles or other
              defects are not formed more than 15 mm from an uncut edge or
              25 mm from a cut edge of the test piece or sample or more than
              10 mm away of any cracks which may occur during the test .
5.3.2 .       A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall
              be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the
              high-temperature test if either of the following conditions is
              fulfilled :
5 . 3 . 2.1 . All the tests give a satisfactory result ; or
5.3 . 2 . 2 . One test having given an unsatisfactory result , a further
              series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces or
              samples gives satisfactory results .
6.            RESISTANCE - TO - RADIATION TEST
6.1 .         Test method
6.1.1 .       Apparatus
6.1 . 1.1 .   Radiation source consisting of a medium-pressure mercury-
              vapour arc lamp with a tubular quartz bulb of ozone-free type ;
              the bulb axis shall be vertical . The nominal dimensions of the
               lamp shall be 360 mm in lenght by 9.5 mm in diameter . The arc
               lenght shall be 300 +/- 4 mm. The lamp shall be operated at
               750 +/- 50 W.
              Any other source of radiation which produces the same effects
               as the lamp specified above may be used . To check that the
               effects of another source are the same , a comparison shall be
               made by measuring the amount of energy emitted within a
               wavelength range of 300 to 450 mm , all other wavelengths being
               removed by the use of suitable filters . The alternative source
               shall then be used with these filters .
 ---pagebreak---                                                                   III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                   - 56 -
                                                                  Annex III-C , p. 13
              In the case of safety-glass panes for which there is no
              satisfactory correlelation between this test and the
              conditions of use it will be necessary to review the test
              conditions .
6.1 . 1.2 .   Power-supply transformer and capacitor capable of supplying to
              the lamp ( paragraph 6 . 1.1.1 .) a starting peak-voltage of 1,100
              V minimum and an operating voltage of 500 +/- 50 V.
6.1 . 1.3 .   Device for mounting and rotating the test specimens at 1 to 5
              rev / min about the centrally-located radiation source in order
              to ensure even exposure .
6.1.2 .       Test specimens
6 . 1.2.1 .   The size of the test specimens, shall be 76 mm x 300 mm.
6 . 1.2 . 2 . The test specimens shall be cut by the laboratory from the
              upper part of the panes in such a way that :
              - in the case of glazing other than windscreen the upper edge
                 of the test specimens coincides with the upper edge of the
                 panes ;
              - in the case of windscreens the upper edge of the test
                 specimens coincides with the upper limit of the zone in
                 which regular transmittance is to be checked and determined
                 in accordance with paragraph 9 . 1.2 . 2 . of the annex .
6.1.3 .       Procedure
              Check the regular light transmittance , determined according to
              paragraphs 9.1.1 . to 9.1.2 . of this annex , of three test
              specimens before exposure . Protect a portion of each test
              specimen from the radiation , and then place the test specimen
               in the test apparatus 230 mm from and parallel lenghtwise to
              the lamp axis . Maintain the temperature of the test specimens
              at 45 +/- 5°C throughout the test . That face of each test
               specimen which would constitute a grazed exterior part of the
              tractor shall face the lamp . For the type of lamp specified in
              paragraph 6 . 1.1.1 . the exposure time shall be 100 h .
              After exposure , measure the light transmittance again in the
               exposed area of each test specimen .
6.1.4 .       Each test piece or sample ( total number 5 pieces ) shall be
               subjected , in accordance with the procedure above , to
               radiation such that the radiation on each point of the test
               piece or sample produces on the interlayer used the same
               effect as that which would be produced by solar radiation of
               1400 W / rn for 100 hours .
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 57 -                  III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                                Annex III-C , p.
6.2 .           Indices of difficulty of the secondary charcteristics
                                                     Colourless        Tinted
                Colouring of glass                       2                 1
                Colouring fo interlayer                  1                 2
                The other secondary characteristics are not involved .
6.3 .           Interpretation of results
6.3.1 .         The test for resistance to radiation shall be deemed to have
                given a positive result if the following conditions are
                fulfilled :
6.3 . 1.1 .     The total light transmittance measured in accordance with
                paragraphs 9.1.1 . to 9.1.2 . of this annex does not fall below
                95 per cent of the original value before irradiation and , in
                any case does not fall below :
6 . 3 . 1.1.1 . 70 % in the case of glazing other than windscreens which must
                meet the requirements concerning the driver's field of vision
                in all directions .
6.3 . 1.1.2 .   75 % in the case of windscreens , within the zone in which
                regular transmittance is to be checked , as defined in
      t
                paragraph 9 . 1.2 . 2 . below .
6.3 . 1.2 .     The test piece or sample may however show a slight coloration
                after irradiation when examined against a white background ,
                but no other defect may be apparent .
6.3.2 .         A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall
                be considered satisfactory from the point of view of stability
                if one of the following conditions is fulfilled :
6.3.2..1 .      All tests give a satisfactory result ; or
6.3 . 2 . 2 .   One test having given an unsatisfactory result , a further
                series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces or
                samples gives satisfactory results .       I
7.              RESISTANCE - TO- HUMIDITY TEST
7.1 .           Procedure
                Keep one or more test specimens of at least 300 mm x 300 mm
                vertically for two weeks in a closed container in which the
                temperature is maintained at 50 +/- 2°C and the relative
                humidity at 95 +/- 4 per cent .
                Note : These test conditions exclude any condensation on the
                        test specimens .
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 58 -                          III 72429 / 86 – EN
                                                                Annex III-C , p. 15
              Test specimens shall be prepared in such a way that :
              - one edge of each such test specimen shall be part of an
                 original edge of the windscreen .
              Should several test specimens be tested at the same time ,
              adequate spacing shall be provided between them .
              Precautions shall be taken to prevent condensate from the
              walls or ceiling of the test chamber from falling on the test
              spec imens .
7.2 .         Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                         Colourless        Tinted
              Colouring of interlayer        1               2
              The other secondary charcteristics are not involved .
7.3 .         Interpretation of results
7.3.1 .       Safety glazing shall be deemed to be satisfactory from the
              point of view of resistance to humidity if no significant
              change is observed more than 10 mm from the uncut edges or
              more than 15 mm away from the cut edges , following a stay of
              two hours in the ambiant atmosphere by ordinary and treated
              laminated glass , and of 48 hours in the ambient atmosphere by
              plastic-coated glass and plastic glazing .
7.3.2 .       A set of test pieces or samples submitted for approval shall
              be considered satisfactory from the point of view of
              resistance to humidity if one of the following conditions is
              fulfilled :
7 . 3 . 2.1 . All the tests give a satisfactory result .
7.3. 2. 2.    One test having given an unsatisfactory result , a further
               series of tests carried out on a new set of samples gives
              satisfactory results .
8.            BURNING-BEHAVIOUR ( FIRE-RESISTANCE )  TEST
8.1 .          Purpose and scope of application
               This method enables the horizontal burning rate of materials
               used in the occupant compartment of tractors after exposure to
               a small flame to be determined . This method permits testing of
              materials and components of a tractor 's interior equipment
               individually or in combination up to a thickness of 15 mm . It
               is used to judge the uniformity of production lots of such
               materials with respect to their burning behaviour .
               Because of the many differences between the real-world
               situation ( application and orientation within a tractor ;
               conditions of use ; ignition source ; etc .) and the precise test
 ---pagebreak---                              - 59 -
         conditions prescribed herein , this method cannot be considered
         as suitable for evaluation of all true in-tractor burning
         characterist ics .
8.2.     Definitions
8.2. 1 . Burning rate : The quotient of the burnt distance measured
         according to this method and the time taken to burn that
         di stance .
         It is expressed in millimétrés per minute .
8. 2. 2. Composite material : A material composed of several layers of
         similar or different materials intimately held together at
         their surface by cementing , bonding , cladding , welding , etc .
         When different materials are connected together intermittently
         ( for example , by sewing , high-frequency welding , reveting ),
         then in order to permit the preparation of individual samples
         in accordance with paragraphs 8.5 . below such materials shall
         not be considered as composite materials .
8.2.3 .  Exposed side : The side which is facing towards the occupant
         compartment ( passenger compartment ) when the material is
         mounted in the tractor .   •
8.3 .    Principle
         A sample is held horizontally in a U-shaped holder and is
         exposed to the action of a defined low-energy flame for 15
         seconds in a combustion chamber , the flame acting on the free
         end of the sample . The test determines whether and when the
         flame is extinguished or the time which the flame requires to
         proceed over a measured distance .
8.4 .    Apparatus
8.4.1 .  Combustion chamber ( figure 6 ), preferably of stainless steel ,
         having the dimensions given in figure 7 . The front of the
         chamber contains a flame-resistant observation window , which
         may cover the entire front and which can be constructed as an
         access panel .
         The bottom of the chamber has vent boles , and the top has a
         vent slot all around . The combustion chamber is placed on four
         feet , 10 mm high .
         The chamber may have a hole at one end for the introduction of
         the sample holder containing the sample ; in the opposite end ,
         a hole is provided for the gas-supply line . Melted material is
         caught in a pan ( see figure 8 ) which is placed on the bottom
         of the chamber between vent holes without covering any vent
         ''ole area .
 ---pagebreak---                      60
                                         III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                         Annex III-C ? p , 17
FIGURE 6 - Example of combustion chamber with
           sample holder and drip pan
 ---pagebreak---                        61
                                           III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                           Annex III – C » p. 18
                                Dimensions in millimétrés
                                Tolérances according to ISO 2768
O
O
O
  FIGURE 7 - Example of combustion chamber
                                  Dimensions in millimétrés
                                  Tolérances according to ISO 2768
     336                          16
  FIGURE 8 - Typical drip pan
 ---pagebreak---                                 - 62 -
                                                       III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                       Annex III-C , p. 19
  8.4.2 .   Sample holder , consisting of two U-shaped metal plates or frames
            of corrosion-proof material . Dimensions are given in figure 9 .
            The lower plate is equipped with pins and the upper one with
            corresponding holes , in order to ensure a consistent holding of
            the sample . The pins also serve as measuring points at the
            beginning and end of the burning distance .
            A support shall be provided in the form of heat-resistant wires
            0.25 mm in diameter spanning the frame at 25-mm intervals over
            the bottom U-shaped frame ( see figure 10 ).
                                               Dimensions in millimétrés
                                               Tolérances according to ISO 2768
                                                                    5 >- 45      /r cover
                                   ФЛ
                                                                                    plate
                                          r           Í
si .      n           n                                  ,
                                                            n !I
                                                              .   .
                                                                     1 ^
                                                                     i .
                                                                            π
                                                                          / ·
                                                                                'l
                                            –o
 ΡΓ                                                      . .   y
                                                                 1 i
                                                                          \   )
                                                      's_____ '     J_____^
                    330
                                                      sample
                   FIGURE 9 - Example of sample holder
 ---pagebreak---                              - 63 -
                                                    III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                    Annex III-C , p , 2Q
                                         Dimensions in millimétrés
                 FIGURE 10 - Example of section of lower U-frame
                              design for wire support facility
8.4.2 . The plane of the lower side of samples shall be 178 mm above the
        floor plate . The distance of the front edge of the sample holder
        from the end of the chamber shall be 22 mm ; the distance of the
        longitudinal sides of the sample holder from the sides of the
        chamber shall be 50 mm ( all inside dimensions ). ( See figures 6
        and 7 ).
8.4.3 . Gas burner . The small ignition source is provided by a Bunsen
        burner having an inside diameter of 9.5 mm . It is so located in
        the test cabinet that the centre of its nozzle is 19 mm below the
        centre of the bottom edge of the open end of the sample ( see
        figure 7).
8.4.4 . Test gas . The gas supplied to the burner shall have a calorific
        value of about 38 MJ / ITI ( for example natural gas ).
8.4.5 . Metal comb , at least 110 mm in length , with seven or eight smooth
        rounded teeth per 25 mm .
8.4.6 . Stop-watch , accurate to 0.5 sec .
8.4.7 .  Fume cupboard . The combustion chamber may be placed in a fume-
         cupboard assembly provided that the latter 's internal volume is
        at least 20 times , but not more than 110 times , greater than the
        volume of the combustion chamber and provided that no single
         height , width , or length dimension of the fume cupboard is
         greater than 2 1 / 2 times either of the other two dimensions .
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 64
                                                       I I I / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                       Annex III-C , p. 21
        Before the test , the vertical velocity of the air through the fume
        cupboard shall be measured 100 mm forward of and to the rear of the
        ultimate site of the combustion chamber . It shall be between 0.10
        and 0.30 m / s in order to avoid possible discomfort to the operator
        from combustion products . It is possible to use a fume cupboard with
        natural ventilation and an appropriate air velocity .
8.5 .   Samples
8.5.1 . Shape and dimensions
        The shape and dimensions of samples are given in figure 11 . The
        thickness of the sample corresponds to the thickness of the product
        to be tested . It shatl not be more than 13 mm . When sample-taking so
        permits , the sample shall have a constant section over its entire
        length . When the shape and dimensions of a product do not permit
        taking a sample of the given size , the following minimum dimensions
        shal l be observed :
        ( a ) For samples having a width of 3 to 60 mm , the length shall be
               356 mm . In this case the material is tested over the product 's
               width ;
         ( b ) For samples having a width of 60 to 100 mm , the length shall be
               at least 138 mm . In this case the potential burning distance
               corresponds to the length of the sample , the measurement
               starting at the first measuring point ;
         ( c ) Samples less than 60 mm wide and less than 356 mm long , and
               samples 60 to 100 mm wide and less than 138 mm long , cannot be
               tested according to the present method , nor can samples less
               than 3 mm wide .
8.5.2 . Sampling
        At least five samples shall be taken from the material under test .
         In materials having burning rates differing according to the
        direction of the material ( this being established by preliminary
        tests ) the five ( or more ) samples shall be taken and be placed in
        the test apparatus in such a way that the highest burning rate will
        be measured . When the material is supplied in set widths , a length
        of at least 500 mm covering the entire width shall be cut . From the
        piece so cut , the samples shall be taken at not less than 100 mm
         from the edge of the material and at points equidistant from each
        other .
 ---pagebreak---                                 - 65 -
                                                      III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                      Annex III-C , P - 22
        Samples shall be taken in the same way from finished products when
        the shape of the product so permits . If the thickness of the product
        is over 13 mm it shall be reduced to 13 mm by a mechanical process
        applied to the side which does not face the passenger compartment .
        Composite materials ( see paragraph 8.2.2 .) shall be tested as if
        they were homogeneous .
        In the case of materials comprising superimposed layers of different
        composition which are not composite materials , all the layers of
        material included within a depth of 13 mm from the surface facing
        towards the passenger compartment shall be tested individually .
                                          Dimensions l ci millimétrés
                                      35G
                                   FIGURE 11 - Sample
8.5.3 . Conditioning
        The samples shall be conditioned for at least 24 hours , but not more
      * than 7 days , at a temperature of 25 + 2°C and a relative humidity of
        50 +_ 5 per cent , and shall be maintained under these conditions
        until   immediately prior to testing .
8.6 .   Procedure
8.6.1 . Place samples with napped or tufted surfaces on a flat surface , and
         comb twice against the nap using the comb ( paragraph 8.4.5 .).
8.6.2 .  So place the sample in the sample holder ( paragraph 8.4.2 .) that the
         exposed side faces downwards , towards the flame .
 ---pagebreak---                                 - 66 -
                                                      III / 2429 / 85 -EN
                                                      Annexe III-C , p - 23
8.6.3 . Adjust the gas flame to a heigth of 30 mm using the mark in the
        chamber , the air intake of the burner being closed . The flame shall
        burn for at teast one minute , for stabilization , before the first
        test is started .
8.6.4 . Push the sample-holder into the combustion chamber so that the end
        of the sample is exposed to the flame , and after 15 seconds cut off
        the gas flow .
8.6.5 . Measurement of burning time starts at the moment when the foot of
        the flame passes the first measuring point . Observe the flame
        propagation on the side ( upper or lower ) which burns faster .
8.6. 6. Measurement of burning time is completed when the flame has come to
        the last measuring point or when the flame is extinguished before
        reaching that point . If the flame does not reach the last measuring
        point , measure the burnt distance up to the point where the flame
        was extinguished . Burnt distance is the part of the sample
        destroyed , on the surface or inside , by burning .
8.6.7 . If the sample does not ignite or does not continue burning after the
        burner has ben extinguished , or the flame goes out before reaching
        the first measuring point , so that no burning time is measured , note
        in the test report that the burning is 0 mm / min .
8.6.8.  When running a series of tests on performing repeat tests , make sure
        before starting a test that the temperature of the combustion
        chamber and sample holder does not exceed 30°C .
8.7 .   Calculât i on
        The burning rate B , in millimetres per minute , is given by the
        formula
                              s
                       B   =  - X 60
                              t
        where
        s  is the burnt distance , in millimetres ;
        t   is the time , in seconds , taken to burn the distance s .
8.8 .   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
 ---pagebreak---                                         - 67 -
                                                             III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                             Annexe III-C , p. 2h
               No secondary characteristics are involved .
8.9 .          Interpretation of results
               Plastics-coates and plastic safety glazing ( paragraph 1.3 ) shall be
               considered satisfactory from the point of view of burning behaviour
               ( fire resistance ) if the burn rate does not exceed 250 mm / minute .
9.             OPTICAL QUALITIES
9.1 .          Light transmission test
9.1.1 .        Apparatus
9 . 1.1.1 .    Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp having its filament
               contained within a parallelepiped measuring 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm x 3mm .
               The voltage at the lamp filament shall be such that the colour
               temperature is 2856 + 50 K. This voltage shall be stabilized within
               + 1 / 1000 . The instrument used to check the voltage shall be of
               appropriate accuracy .
9.1 . 1.2 .    Optical system consisting of a lens with a focal length of at least
               500 mm and corrected for chromatic aberrations . The full aperture of
               the lens shall not exceed f / 20 . The distance between the lens and
               the light source shall be so adjusted as to obtain a tight beam
               which is substantially parallel .
               A diaphragm shall be inserted to limit the diameter of the light
               beam to 7 + 1 mm. This diaphragm shall be situated at a distance of
               100 + 50 mm from the lens on the side remote from the light source .
               The point of measurement shall be taken at the centre of the light
               beam .
9 . 1.1 . 3 .  Measuring equipment . The receiver shall have a relative spectral
               sensitivity in substantial agreement with the relative spectral
                luminous efficiency for the ICI     standard photometric observer for
               photopic vision . The sensitive surface of the receiver shall be
               covered with a diffusing medium and shall have at least twice the
               cross-section of the light beam emitted by the optical system . If an
                integrating sphere is used , the aperture of the sphere shall have a
                cross-sectional area at least twice that of the parallel portion of
               the beam .
               The linearity of the receiver and the associated indicated
                instrument shall be better than 2 per cent of the effective part of
                the scale .
9.1.2 .         Procedure
                So adjust the instrument indicating the response of the receiver
                that it indicates 100 divisions when the safety-glass pane is not
                inserted in the light path. When no light is falling on the
                receiver , the instrument shall read zero .
 1)
      International Commission on Illumination .
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 68 -
                                                            III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                            Annex III-C, p. 25
              Place the safety-glass pane at a distance from the receiver equal to
              approximately five times the diameter of the receiver .
              Insert the safety-glass pane between the diaphragm and the receiver
              and adjust its orientation in such a way that the angle of incidence
              of the light beam is equal to 0 _+ 5° . The regular transmittance
              shall be measured on the safety-glass pane , and for every point
              measured the number of divisions , n , shown on the indicating
              instrument , shall be read . The regular transmittance           is equal to
              n /100 .                                                       r
9 . 1.2.1 .   In the case of windscreens , alternative test methods may be applied
              using either a test piece cut from the flattest part of a windscreen
              or a specially-prepared flat square with material and thickness
              characteristics identical to those of the actual windscreen , the
              measurements being taken normal ( perpendicular ) to the glass pane .
9 . 1.2 . 2 . The test shall be carried out in the Zone I specified in this annex .
9.1.3 .       Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                   Colourless               Tinted
              Colouring of the glass                   1                        2
              Colouring of the interlayer              1                       2
              ( in the case of laminated windscreens )
                                                    not included            included
              Shade and / or obscuration bands          1                       2
              The other secondary characteristics are not involved .
9.1.4 :        Interpretation of results
              The regular transmittance measured according to paragraph 9.1.2 . in
              the case of windscreens shall not be less than 75% , and in the case
              of windows other than windscreens shall not be less than 70% .
               In the case of windows situated at points which are not essential to
              the drawer 's field of vision ( glazed roof , for example ) the regular
              transmittance factor of the light from the pane may be less than
              70% . Windows having a regular hight transmittance factor of less
               than 70% shall be marked with an appropriate symbol .
9.2 .         Optical-distortion test
9.2.1 .        Scope
               The method specified is a projection method which permits evaluation
               of the optical distortion of a safety-glass pane .
 ---pagebreak---                                          - 69 -
                                                                      Annex III-C , p.26
9.2.1 .            Definitions
9.2 . 1.1 .   1.   Optical deviation : The angle between the true and the apparent
                   direction of a point viewed through the safety-glass pane , the
                   magnitude of the angle being a function of the angle of incidence of
                   the line of sight , the thickness and inclination of the glass pane ,
                   and the radius of curvature at the point of incidence .
9 . 2 . 1.1 . 2.   Optical distortion in a direction MM' : The algebraic difference in
                   angular deviation          c< measured between two points M and M' on
                   the surface of the safety-glass pane , the distance between the two
                   points being such that their projections in a plane at right angles
                   to the direction of vision are separated by a given distance          x
                   ( see figure 12 ).
                   Anti-clockwise deviation should be regarded as positive and
                   clockwise deviation as negative .
9 . 2 . 1.1 . 3 .  Optical distortion at a point M : The optical-distortion maximum for
                   all directions MM’ from the point M.
9 . 2 . 1.2 .      Apparatus
                   This method entails the projection of an appropriate slide ( raster )
                   on to the display screen through the safety-glass pane being tested .
                   The change caused in the shape of the projected image by the
                   insertion of the safety-glass pane in the line of light provides a
                   measure of the distortion . The apparatus shall comprise the
                   following items , arranged as shown in figure 15 .
                          FIGURE 12 - Diagrammatic representation of optical distortion
NOTES             Δ    <xC = c< . - j<_,    i.e. the optical distortion in the direction
              • Δ                      ^    MM' .
                             =   MC         i.e. the distance between two straight lines
                                            parallel to the direction of vision and passing
                                            through the points M and M 1 .
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 70 -
                                                             III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                             Annex III-C ? p , 27
 Slide ( raster )                                            uiaphragm
                    FIGURE 13 - Optical arrangement of the projector
9 . 2 . 1.2.1 . Projector , of good quality , with a high-intensity point light
                source , having for example the following characteristics :
                - focal length at least 90 mm ;
                - aperture approximately 1 / 2.5 ;
                - 150-W quartz halogen lamp ( if used without a filter );
                - 250-W quartz halogen lamp ( if a green filter is used ).
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 71                    Annex III-C , p. 28
                      FIGURE 14 - Enlarged section of the slide
                  The projector is shown schematically in figure 13 . A dia- .
                  phragm of 8 mm diameter is positioned approximately 10 mm from
                  the front lens .
9 . 2 . 1.2 . 2 . Slides ( rasters ) consisting , for example , of an array of
                  bright circular shapes on a dark background ( see figure 14 ).
                  The slide shall be of sufficiently high quality and contrast
                  to enable measurement to be carried out with an error of less
                  than 5 per cent . In the absence of the safety-glass pane to
                  be examined , the dimensions of the circular shapes shall be
                  such that when the circular sj^apes^are projected they form an
                  array of circles of diameter 1 + 2 .         x , where A x = 4 mm
                  ( see figures 12 and 15 ).        ^1
 ---pagebreak---                                                             Annex
                                     - 72 -                       III-C , p. 29
                    R^ = 4 m
                        = 2 to 4 m (4 m preferred )
                    FIGURE 15 - Arrangement of the apparatus for the
                                 optical-distortion test
9 . 2 . 1.2 . 3 .   Support stand , preferably one permitting vertical and horizon­
                    tal scanning , as well as rotation of the safety-glass pane .
9 . 2 . 1.2 . 4 .   Checking template , for measuring changes in dimensions where a
                    rapid assessment is required . A suitable design is shown in
                     figure 16 .
                  FIGURE 16 - Design for a suitable checking template
 ---pagebreak---                                          - 73 -              Annex III-C,p . 30
9 . 2 . 1.3 .     Procedure
9 . 2 . 1.3.1 .   General
                  Mount the safety-glass pane on the support stand ( paragraph
                  9.2 . 1.2.3 .) at the designed rake angle . Projet the test image
                  through the area being examined . Rotate the safety-glass pane
                  or move it either horizontally or vertically in order to exa­
                  mine the whole of the specified area .
9 . 2 . 1.3 . 2 . Assessment using a checking template
                  Where a rapid assessment with a possible margin of error of up
                  to 20 per cent is sufficient , calculate the value of A        ( see
                  figure 16 ) from the limit value A <( L for the change in
                  deviation and the value of R^, the distance from the safety-
                  glass pane to the display screen :
                                    A- = 0.145 A J    . R2 *
                  The relationship between the change in diameter of the projec­
                  ted image A d and the change in angular deviation A aV. is given
                  by
                                 Ad = 0.29 A       . R ,
                  where
                   A d            is in millimetres ;
                         A        is in millimetres ;
                                  is in minutes of arc ;
                                  is in minutes of arc ; and
                                  is in metres .
9 . 2 . 1.3 . 3 . Measurement using a photoelectric device
                  Where a precise measurement with a possible margin of error of
                  less than 10 per cent of the limit value is required , measure
                  A d on the projection axis , the value of the spot width being
                  taken at the point where the luminance is 0.5 times the maxi­
                  mum spot-luminance value .
9 . 2 . 1.4 .     Expression of results
                  Evaluate the optical distortion of the safety-glass panes by
                  measuring A d at any point of the surface and in all direc­
                  tions in order to find A d max .
9.2 . 1.5 .       Alternative method
                  In addition , a strioscopic technique is permitted as an
                  alternative to the projection techniques , provided that the
                  accuracy of the measurements given in paragraphs 9 . 2 . 1.3 . 2 and
                  9 . 2 . 1.3 . 3 is maintained .
 ---pagebreak---                                 - 74 -
                                                      Annex I1I-C , p. 31
9 . 2 . 1.6 . The distance      x shall be 4 mm.
9 . 2 . 1.7 . The windscreen shall be mounted at the same angle of incli­
              nation as on the tractor .
9 . 2 . 1.8 . The projection axis in the horizontal plane shall be main-
              tained approximately normal to the trace of the windscreen in
              that plane .
9.2.2 .       The measurements shall be performed :
9 . 2 . 2.1 . in Zone I' as defined in paragraph 9.2.5 of this annex .
9.2.2.2.      The test shall be repeated if the windschreen is to be mounted
              on a tractor of a type which has a different forward field of
              vision from that of the tractor type for which the windscreen
              has already been approved .
9.2.3 .       Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
9 . 2 . 3.1 . Nature of the material
                         Polished ( plate ) glass Float glass    Sheet glass
                                     1                 12
9.2.3.2.      Other secondary characteristics
              No other secondary characteristics are involved .
9.2.4 .       Number of samples
              Four samples shall be submitted for testing .
9.2.5 .       Definition of Zone I'
9 . 2 . 5.1 . Zone I' covers the entire surface of the windscreen .
9.2.6 .       Interpretation of results
              A type of windscreen shall be considered satisfactory as
              regards optical distorsion if , in the four samples submitted
              for testing , optical distortion does not exceed a maximum
              value of 2' of an arc .
9 . 2 . 6.1 . No measurement shall be performed within a 100 mm-wide
              peripheral zone .
9.2.6.2.      In the case of divided windscreens no check is performed
              within a band 35 mm in width , starting from the edge of the
              pane , which may be adjacent to the screen divider .
9.3 .         Secondary -image- separation test
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 75 -                  Annex  III-C , p. 32
                   Scope
                   Two test methods are recognized ;
                   - target test ; and
                   - collimation-telescope test .
                   These tests may be used for approval , quality-control or
                   product-evaluation purpose , as appropriate .
9.3.1 . 1 .        Target test
9 . 3 . 1.1.1 .    Apparatus
                   This method involves viewing an illuminated target through the
                   safety -glass pane . The target may be designed in such a way
                   that the test can be carried out on a simple " go - no go "
                   basis .
                   The target shall preferably be of one of the following types ;
                   that is to say , either
                   ( a ) an illuminated " ring " target whose outer diameter , D ,
                          subtends an angle of i\, minutes of arc at a point situated
                          at x metres ( figure 17a ) ; or
                    ( b ) an illuminated " ring and spot " target whose dimensions are
                          such that the distance , D , from a point on the edge of the
                          spot to the nearest point on the inside of the circle
                          subtends an angle of a minutes .of arc at a point situated
                          at x metres ( figure 17b );
                   where
                  frv     is the limit value of secondary-image separation ;
                   x      is the distance from the safety-glass pane to the target
                          ( not less than 7 m ) ;
                   D      is given by the formula
                                  D = x tan n.
                   The illuminated target consists of a light box , approximately
                   300 mm x 300 mm x 150 mm , whose front is most conveniently
                   constructed of glass masked with opaque black paper or coated
                   with matt black paint . The box shall be illuminated by a
                   suitable light source . The inside of the box shall be coated
                   with matt white paint . It may be convenient to use other
                   forms of target , such as that shown in figure 20 . It is also
                    acceptable to replace the target system by a projection system
                   and to view the resulting images on a screen .
9 . 3 . 1.1 . 2 .  Procedure
                   Mount the safety-glass pane at the specified rake angle on a
                    suitable stand in such a way that the observation is carried
                    out in the horizontal plane passing through the centre of the
                    target .
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 76 -
                                                                   Annex III-C , p. 33
                  The light box shall be viewed , in a dark or semi-dark room ,
                  through each part of the area being examined , in order to
                  detect the presence of any secondary image associated with the
                  illuminated target . Rotate the safety -glass -pane as necessary
                  to ensure that the correct direction of view is maintained .       A
                  monocular may be used for viewing .
9 . 3 . 1.1 . 3 . Expression of results
                  Determine whether ,
                  - when target ( a ) ( see figure 17 ) is used , the primary and
                    secondary image of the circle separate , i.e. whether the
                    limit value of K. is exceeded ; or ,
                  - when target ( b ) ( see figure 17 ) is used , the secondary image
                    of the spot shifts beyond the point of tangency with the
                    inside edge of the circle , i.e. wheter the limit value of H,
                    is exceeded .
                                                                             12 inn
                                                                             centre
                         FIGURE 17 - Dimensions of targets
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 77 -
                                                                     Annex III-C , p.
                   FIGURE 18 - Arrangement of apparatus
     Collination telescope                         Observation teleocope
( 1 ) Lamp bulb
( 2 ) Condenser aperture     8.6 mm
( 3 ) Ground-glass screen aperture       condenser aperture
( 4 ) Colour filter with central hole approximately in 0.3 mm
      diameter ; diameter > 8.6 mm
( 5)  Polar-co -ordinate piate , diameter =»■ 8.6 mm
( 6)  Achromatic lens , f       86 mm , aperture 10 mm
( 7)  Achromatic lens , f       86 mm , aperture 10 mm
(8)   Black spot , diameter approximately 0.3 mm
( 9 ) Achromatic lens , f = 20 mm , aperture ^ 10 mm
        FIGURE 19 - Apparatus for collimation-télescope test
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 78 -                      Annex III-C , p. 35
9 . 3 . 1.2 .     Collimation-telescope test
                  If necessary , the procedure described in this paragraph shall
                  be applied .
9 . 3 . 1.2.1 .   Apparatus
                  The apparatus comprises a collimator and a telescope and may
                  be set up in accordance with figure 19 . However , any
                  equivalent optical system may be used .
9 . 3 . 1.2 . 2 . Procedure
                  The collimation telescope forms at infinity the image of a
                  polar- co-ordinate system with a bright point at its centre
                  ( see figure 20 ). In the local plane of the observation
                  telescope , a small opaque spot with a diameter slightly larger
                  than of the projected bright point is placed on the optical
                  axis , thus obscuring the bright point .
 ---pagebreak---                                               III /2429 /86-EN
                    - 79 -                    Annex III-C > P * 36
• FIGURE 20 - Example of observation by the
              collisiation-'teles core-tes t me thod
 ---pagebreak---                    - 80 -                Annex IH-C , p . 37
When a test piece which exhibits a secondary image is placed
between the telescope and the collimator , a second , less
bright point appears at a certain distance from the centre of
the polar- co -ordinate system . The secondary-image separation
can be read out as the distance between the points seen
through the observation telescope ( see figure 20 ).  ( The
distance between the dark spot and the bright point at the
centre of the polar- co -ordinate system represents the optical
deviation ) .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 81                  Annex III-C , p. 38
9 . 3 . 1.2 . 3 . Expression of results
                  The safety-glass pane shall first be examined by a simple
                  scanning technique to establish the area giving the strongest
                  secondary image . That area shall then be examined by the
                  collimator-telescope system at the appropriate angle of
                  incidence . The maximum secondary-image separation shall be
                  me asured .
9 . 3 . 1.3 .     The direction of observation in the horizontal plane shall be
                  maintained approximately normal to the trace of the windscreen
                  in that plane .
9.3.2 .           The measurements shall be performed
9 . 3.2.1 .       in zone I' defined in paragraph 9.2.5 of this Annex .
9.3.2.2.          Tractor type
                  The test shall be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted
                  on a tractor of a type which has a forward field of vision
                  different from that of the tractor for which the windscreen
                  has already been approved .
9.3.3 .           Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
9.3. 3. 1.        Nature of the material
                              Polished ( plate ) glass  Float glass    Sheet glass
                                           1                  12
9.3.3.2.          Other secondary characteristics
                  No other secondary characteristics are involved .
9.3.4 .           Number of samples
                  Four samples shall be submitted for testing .
9.3.3 .           Interpretation of results
                  A type of windscreen shall be considered satisfactory as
                  regards secondary-image separation if , in the four samples
                  submitted for testing , separation of the primary and secondary
                  image does not exceed a maximum value of 15' of an arc .
9. 3. 5. 1.       No measurement shall be carried out in a 100 mm-wide
                  peripheral zone .
9. 3. 5.2.        In the case of divided windscreens no check is performed
                  within a band 35 mm in width , starting from the edge of the
                  pane , which may be adjacent to the screen divider .
9.4 .              Identification-of-colours test
                  When a windscreen is tinted in the zone defined in paragraph
                   9.2.5 , four windscreens shall be tested for identifiability of
                   the following colours :
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 82 -                 Annex  III-C , p. 39
             White
             Selective yellow
             Red
             Green
             Blue
             Amber .
10 .         TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE
10.1 .       Test method
             Two 300 X 300mm test pieces shall be placed in an enclosed
             chamber for 6 hours at a temperature of - 40°C +/- 5°C ; they
             shall then be placed in the ambient air at a temperature of
             23°C +/-2°C for an hour , or until the test piece has reached a
             stable temperature . They shall then be placed in an air flow
             at a temperature of 72°C +/- 2°C for 3 hours .    The test pieces
             shall then be examined after they have been returned to the
             ambient air at 23°C +/- 2°C and cooled to that temperature .
10.2 .       Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                                  Colourless   Tinted
             Colouring of plastic interlayer
             or coating                               1            2
             No other secondary characteristics are involved .
10.3 .       Interpretation of results
             The testing of resistance to changes in temperature shall be
             considered to have given a positive result if the test pieces
             display no cracking , opacification , exfoliation or other ob-
             vious deterioration .
11 .         TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHEMICAL AGENTS
11.1 .       Chemical agents to be used .
11 . 1 . 1 . Non-abrasive soapy solution : 1 % by weight of potassium
             oleate in de-ionized water ;
11.1.2 .     Window cleaning product : aqueous solution of isopropanol and
             dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether , each at a concentration
             of 5-10 % by weight , and of ammonium hydroxyde at a concen­
             tration of 1-5 % by weight ;
11.1.3 .     Non-dilute denatured alcohol : 1 part by volume of methyl
             alcohol in 10 parts by volume of ethyl alcohol ;
11.1.4 .     Reference gasoline mixture of 50 % by volume of toluene , 30 %
             by volume of 2.2.4 trimethylpentane , 15 % by volume of 2.4.4
             trimethy 1 - 1 -pentane and 5 % by volume of ethyl alcohol ;
11.1.5 .     Reference kerosene : mixture of 50 % by volume of n-octane and
             50 % by volume of n-decane .
 ---pagebreak---                                                   III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                           - 83 -                 Annex III-C , p. 40
11.2     Test method
         Two 180 x 25 mm test pieces shall each be tested with chemical
         agents as provided for in paragraph 11.1 above , a new test
         piece being used for each test and product . After each test
         the pieces shall be cleaned in accordance with the manufac­
         turer 's instruction , and then be conditioned for 48 hours at a
         temperature of 23°C +/- 2°C and a relative humidity of 50 %
         +/- 5 % . These conditions shall be maintained during the
         tests . The test pieces shall be completely immersed in the
         test liquid for one minute , be withdrawn and then immediately
         be dried with a ( clean ) absorbent cotton clqth .
11.3 .   Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                                            Colourless     Tinted
         Colouring of the plastic
         interlayer , or coating                1              2
11.4 .   Interpretation of the results .
11.4.1 . The test for resistance to chemical agents shall be considered
         to be positive if the test pieces display no softening ,
         stickiness , surface cracking or* apparent loss of transparence .
11.4.2 . A series of test pieces submitted for component type approval
         shall be considered satisfactory as regards resistance to
         chemical agents if one of the following conditions has been
         met  :
11.4.2.1 All the tests give satisfactory results .
11.4.2.2 A test having given an unsatisfactory result , a further series
         of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satis­
         factory results .
 ---pagebreak---                               - 84 -                   Annex III-D , p. 1
                                ANNEX III-D
                      UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED GLAZING
1.          DEFINITION OF TYPE
            Uniformly toughened glazing shall be deemed to belong to dif-
            ferent types if it differs in at least one of the following
            principal or secondary characteristics .
1.1 .       The principal characteristics are as follows :
1.1.1 .     The trade name or mark ;
1.1.2 .     The nature of the toughening process ( thermal or chemical )
1.1.3 .     The shape category ; two categories are distinguished :
1.1 . 3.1 . Flat glass panes ;
1 . 1.3.2 . Flat and curved glass panes ;
1.1.4 .     The thickness category in which the nominal thickness " e " lies
            (a manufacturing tolerance of +/- 0.2 mm being allowed ) :
            Category    I                     e  ^ 3.5 mm ;
            Category  II        3.5 urn ¿     e  4  4.5 mm ;
            Category III        4.5 mm ^      e  4 6.5 mm
            Category  IV        6.5 mm ^      e.
1.2 .       The secondary characteristics are as follows :
1.2.1 .     Nature of the material ( polished ( plate ) glass , float glass ,
            sheet glass ) ;
1.2.2 .     Colouring ( colourless or tinted );
1.2.3 .     The incorporation or otherwise of conductors .
2.          FRAGMENTATION
2.1 .       Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                        Material            |     Index of difficulty     |
              Polished ( plate ) glass      |                2            |
              Float glass                   |                1            |
              Sheet glass                   |                1            |
            No other secondary characteristics are relevant .
2.1.1 .     Only the nature of the material is involved .
2.1.2 .     Float glass and sheet glass are considered to have the same
            index of difficulty .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 85 -
                                                           Annex III-D , p. 2
2.1.3 .           The frammentata test must be repeated on transition from
                  polished ( plate ) glass to float glass or sheet glass , and vice
                  versa .
2.2 .             Selection of samples
2.2.1 .           Samples of each shape category and of each thickness category
                  difficult to produce shall be selected according to the fol-
                  lowing criteria for testing :
2 . 2 . 1.1 .     In the case of flat glass panes the subject of an application
                  for approval in conformity with paragraph 1.1 . 3.1 above , two
                  sets of samples shall be supplied , corresponding to :
2 . 2 . 1.1.1 .   The largest area ;
2 . 2 . 1.1 . 2 . The pane with the smallest angle between two adjacent sides .
2 . 2 . 1.2 .     In the cas of flat-and -curved glass panes the subject of an
                  application for approval in conformity with paragraph 1.1 . 3 . 2
                  above , three sets of samples shall be supplied , corresponding
                  to :
2 . 2 . 1.2.1 .   The largest developed area ;
2 . 2 . 1.2 . 2 . The pane with the smallest angle between two adjacent sides ;
2 . 2 . 1.2 . 3 . The largest height of segment ;
2 . 2 . 1.2 . 4 . The pane in which the smallest angle between two adjacent
                  sides is less than 30° ;
2 . 2 . 1.2 . 5 . The largest height of segment exceeding 10 cm . The height of
                  segment of the glass pane subjected to the test shall be
                  recorded in the test report .
2.2.2 .           Tests conducted on samples corresponding to the largest area
                  " S " shall be deemed to be applicable to any other area smaller
                  than S + 5 % .
2.2.3 .           If the samples submitted have an angle       less than 30° , the
                  tests shall be deemed to be applicable to all panes manufac-
                  tured having an angle greater than '¡f -5° .
                  If the samples submitted have an angle greater than 30° , the
                  tests shall be deemed to be applicable to all panes manufac-
                  tured having an angle not less than 30° .
2.2.4 .           If the height of segment x of the samples submitted is greater
                  than 100 mm , the tests shall be deemed to be applicable to all
                  panes manufactured having a height of segment less than x +
                  30 mm.
                  If the height of segment of the samples submitted is not less
                  than 100 mm , the tests shall be deemed to be applicable to all
                  panes manufactured having a height of segment not less than
                  100 mm.
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 86 -                Annex Il'I-D , p. 3
2.3 .         Number of samples per set
              The number of samples in each group shall be as follows ,
              according to the shape category defined in paragraph 1.1.3
              above :
                         Kind of glass pane      Number of samples
                      Flat                               4
                      (1 or 2 sets )
                      Flat and curved                    5
                      ( 1 or 2 or 3 sets
2.4 .         Test method
2.4.1 .       The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C ,
              paragraph 1 .
2.5 .         Points of impact ( see Annex III-J , figure 3 ).
2.5.1 .       For flat glass panes and curved glass panes the points of
              impact represented respectively in figures 3(a ), 3(b ) and 3(c )
              of Annex III-J shall be as follows :
              Point 1 :    3 cm from the edges of the glass pane in the part
                           where the radius of curvature of the edge is
                           smallest ;
              Point 2 :    3 cm from the edge on one of the medians , the side
                           of the glass pane bearing tong marks ( if any ) being
                           selected ;
              Point 3 :    in the geometric centre of the glass ;
              Point 4 :    for curved glass panes only ; this point shall be
                           selected on the largest median in that part of the
                           pane where the radius of curvature is smallest .
2.5.2 .       Only one test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of
              impact .
2.6.          Interpretation of results
2.6. 1 .      A test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if
              fragmentation satisfies the following conditions :
2.6. 1 . 1.   The number of fragments in any 5 cm x 5 cm square is not less
              than 40 nor more than 400 , or 450 in the case of glazing not
              more than 3.5 mm thick ;
2.6. 1.2.     For the purposes of the above rule , a fragment extending
              across a side of a square shall count as half a fragment ;
2 . 6 . 1.3 . Fragmentation shall not be checked in a strip 2 cm wide round
              the edge of the samples , this strip representing the frame of
              the glass ; nor within a radius of 7.5 cm from the point of
              impact ;
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 87 -                  Annex III-D , p.
2 . 6 . 1.4 . Fragments of an area exceeding 3 cm shall not be allowed
              except in the parts defined in paragraph 2 . 6 . 1.3 above .
2 . 6 . 1.5 . A few fragments of elongated shape shall be allowed , provided
              that they are not more than 7.5 cm long and that their ends
              are not knife-edged ; if these elongated fragments extend to
              the edge of the glass they must not form an angle of more than
              45° with it .
2.6.2.        A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered
              satisfactory from the point of view of fragmentation if at
              least one of the following conditions is fulfilled ; that is
              to say , if
2.6.2.1.      All tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in'
              paragraph 2.5.1 above have given a satisfactory result ;
2.6.2. 2.     One test , among all the tests carried out using the points of
              impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 , exhibits deviations
              which are unsatisfactory but do not exceed the limits set out
              be low :
              - up to five fragments between 6 and 7.5 cm long ,
              - up to four fragments between 7.5 and 10 cm long ,
              and is repeated on a new sample complying with the requi­
              rements of paragraph 2.6.1 or exhibiting deviations within the
              above limits .
2.6.2.3.      Two tests , among all the tests carried out using the points of
              impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 , exhibit deviations which
              are unsatisfactory but do not exceed the limits set out in
              paragraph 2 . 6 . 2 . 2 , but a further series of tests carried out
              on a new set of samples complies with the requirements of
              paragraph 2.6.1 , or not more than two samples of the new set
              exhibit deviations within the limits laid down in paragraph
              2 . 6 . 2 . 2 above .
2.6.3 .       Any deviations as referred to above shall be mentioned in the
              report , and photographs of the affected parts of the wind­
              screen shall be attached .
3.            MECHANICAL STRENGTH
3.1 .         Impact test with a 227-g ball
3.1.1 .       Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
                      Material        Index of      Colouring      Index of
                                    difficulty ,                  difficulty
                Polished glass            2       Colourless           1
                Float glass               1       Tinted               2
                Sheet glass               1
 ---pagebreak---                                                            II 1 / 2423 / 86-EN
                                    - 88 -                 Annex III-D , p.
3.1.2 .           Numbor of test pièces
                  Six test pieces shall be subjected to testing for each
                  thickness category defined in paragraph 1.1.4 above .
3.1.3 .           Test method
3 . 1.3.1 .       The test method used shall be that described in Annex III-C ,
                  paragraph 2.1 .
3 . 1.3 . 2 .     The height of drop ( from the underface of the ball to the
                  upper surface of the test piece ) shall be as indicated in the
                  following table , according to thickness of the glass pane :
                      Nominal thickness of glass            Height of
                               pane ( e )                       drop
                                  e   ζ 3.5 mm           2.0 m + 5/-0 mm
                       3.5 mm     e                      2.5 m + 5/-0 mm
3.1.4 .           Interpretation of resultes
3 . 1.4.1 .       The ball-impact test shall be deemed to have given a
                  satisfactory result if the tests piece does not break .
3 . 1.4 . 2 .     A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be consi­
                  dered satisfactory from the point of view of mechanical
                  strength if at least one of the following conditions is
                  fulfilled ; that is to say , if :
3 . 1.4 . 2.1 .   No more than one test has given an unsatisfactory result ;
3 . 1.4 . 2 . 2 . Two tests having given unsatisfactory results , a further
                  series of tests carried out on a new set of six test pieces
                  gives satisfactory results .
4.                OPTICAL QUALITIES
4.1 .             Transmission of light
                  The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex
                  III-C , paragraph 9.1 , shall apply to glass panes or parts of
                  glass panes which must comply with requirements concerning the
                  driver 's field of view in all directions .
4.2 .             For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph
                  9.1 , 9.2 and 9.3 shall apply .
 ---pagebreak---                                                   II 1 /24 29 /86–EN
                            - 89 -                Annex HI-K , p. 1
                              ANNEX III-E
                      ORDINARY LAMINATED GLAZING
1.      DEFINITION OF TYPE
        Laminated-glass panes other than windscreens shall be deemed
        to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of
        the following principal or secondary characteristics :
1.1.    The principal characteristics are as follows :
1.1.1.  The trade name or mark ;
1.1.2.  The glass-thickness category in which the nominal thickness
        " e " lies , a manufacturing tolerance of +/- 0.2 n mm (" n " being
        the number of layers of glass in the pane ) being allowed :
              Category     I                   e < 5.5 mm
              Category II          5.5 mm      e     6.5 mm
              Category III         6.5 mm <.   e
1.1.3 . The nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers ;
1.1.4 . The nature ( foil or air-gap ) and type of the interlayer or
        interlayers , e.g. PVB or other plastics-material interlayer or
        interlayers ;
1.1.5 . Any special treatment which one of the layers of glass may
        have undergone .
1.2.    The secondary characteristics are as follows :
1.2.1.  The nature of the material ( polished ( plate ) glass , float
        glass , sheet glass );
1.2.2.  The colouring ( total or partial ) of the interlayer or
         interlayers ( colourless or tinted );
1.2.3 . The colouring of the glass ( colourless or tinted ).
2.      GENERAL
2. 1.    In the case of ordinary laminated-glass panes other than
        windscreens the tests shall be conducted on flat test pieces
        which are either cut from actual glass panes or are specially
         made .   In either case the test pieces shall be in all respects
         rigorously representative of the glass panes for the produc­
         tion of which approval is sought .
2.2.     Before each test the pieces of laminated glass shall be stored
         for less than four hours at a temperature of 23°C +/- 2°C .
         The tests shall be performed on the test pieces as soon as the
         test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which
         they were stored .
 ---pagebreak---                                                       III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                      Annex
                              - 90 -                          III-E , p. 2
3.            HEADFORM TEST
3.1 .         Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
              No secondary characteristics are involved .
3.2 .         Number of test pièces
              Six flat test pieces measuring 1100 mm x 500 mm (+25 /-0 mm )
              shall be subjected to testing .
3.3 .         Test method
3.3.1 .       The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C ,
              paragraph 3 .
3.3.2 .       The height of drop shall be 1.5m +0/-5 mm .
3.4 .         Interpretation of results
3.4.1 .       This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result
              if the following conditions are fulfilled ;
3 . 4 . 1.1 . The test piece yields and breaks , displaying numerous circular
              cracks centred approximately on the point of impact ;
3 . 4 . 1.2 . Tears in the interlayer are allowed but the manikin 's head
              must not pass through ;
3 . 4 . 1.3 . No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the
              interlayer .
3.4.2 .       A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be
              considered satisfactory from the point of view of behaviour
              under head impact if one of the following two conditions is
              met ; that is to say , if :
3.4.2 . 1 .   All the tests give satisfactory results ; or
3.4.2.2.      One test having given an unsatisfactory result , a further
              series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
              satisfactory results .
4.            MECHANICAL STRENGTH , 227-g BALL-IMPACT TEST
4.1 .         Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
              No secondary characteristics are involved .
4.2 .         Number of test pieces
              Four flat square test pieces of 300 mm x 300 mm (+ 10 /-0 mm )
              side shall be subjected to testing .
4.3 .         Test method
4.3.1 .       The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C ,
              paragraph 2.1 .
 ---pagebreak---                                                         IIÏ /2429 /86-EN
                               - 91                     Annex III-E , p. 3
4.3.2 .       The height of drop ( from the underface of the ball to the
              upper face of the test piece ) shall be as indicated in the
              following table as a function of nominal thickness :
                     Nominal thickness               Height of drop
                            e     5.5 mm    1   5 m)
                                            11
                5.5 mm      e     6.5 mm     1  6 m)   + 25/-0 mm
                                             11
                6.5 mm      e                 1 7 m)
4.4 .         Interpretation of results
4.4.1 .       The ball impact test shall be deemed to have given a satis­
              factory result if either of the following conditions is
              fulfilled ; that is to say , if :
4 . 4.1.1 .   The ball does not pass through the test piece or sample ; or
4 . 4 . 1.2 . The total weight of the few fragments which may be produced on
              the side opposite to the point of impact does not exceed 15 g .
4.4.2 .       A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be
              considered satisfactory from the point of view of mechanical
              strength if one of the following conditins is met ; that is to
              say , if :
4.4.2 . 1 .   All the tests have given a satisfactory result ;
4.4.2.2.      Not more than two tests having given an unsatisfactory result ,
              a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test
              pieces gives satisfactory results .
5.            RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
5.1 .         Abrasion test
5.1.1 .       Indices of difficulty and test method
              The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 4 , shall apply .
              The test shall be continued for 1000 cycles .
5.1.2 .       Interpretation of results
              Safety glass shall be considered satisfactory from the point
              of view of abrasion resistance if the light scattered as a
              result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2 per
              cent .
5.2 .         High temperature test
 ---pagebreak---                                                   II 1 / 2429 / 86 -EN
                              92 -                Annex III-E , p.
         The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 5 , shall apply .
5.3 .    Resistance - to- radiation test
5.3.1 .  General requirement
         This test shall be conducted only if the laboratory deems it
         useful in the light of the information in its possession
         concerning the interlayer .
5.3.2 .  The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 6 , shall apply .
5.4 .    Resistance- to- humidity test
5.4.1 .  The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 7 , shall apply .
6.       OPTICAL QUALITIES
6.1.     Transmission of light
         The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex
         III-C , paragraph 9.1 , shall apply to glass panes or parts of
         glass panes which must comply with requirements concerning the
         driver 's field of view in all directions .
6 . 2 .' For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C , paragraphs
         9.1 , 9.2 and 9.3 , shall apply .
 ---pagebreak---                                           III / 2429 /86-EN
                  - 93 -                  Annex III-F , p. 1
                    ANNEX III-F
         PLASTICS-COATED SAFETY GLAZING
Safety glazing materials , as defined in Annexes III-D , III-E ,
III-G and III-H , if coated on the inner face with a layer of
plastics material , shall conform not only to the requirements
of the appropriate annexes , but also to the following addi­
tional requirements .
ABRASION TEST
Indices of difficulty and test method
The plastics coating shall be subjected to a test in accor­
dance with the method specified in Annex III-C , paragraph 4 ,
and continued for 100 cycles .
Interpretation of results
The plastics coating be considered satisfactory from the point
of view of abrasion resistance if the light scattered as a
result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 4 per
cent .
RESISTANCE- TO -HUMIDITY TEST
In the case of plastics-coated toughened safety glazing
material a resistance- to- humidity test shall be performed .
The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 7 , shall apply .
Indices of difficulty and test method
The provisions of Annex III-C , paragraph 7 , shall apply .
Interpretation of results
The test shall be considered satisfactory if no substantial
irreversible change is observed in the test piece after it has
passed 48 hours in the ambient atmosphere .
BURNING- BEHAVIOUR ( FIRE-RESISTANCE ) TEST
The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 8 , shall apply
TEST OF RESISTANCE TO TEMPERATURE CHANGE
The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 10 , shall apply .
TEST OF RESISTANCE OF CHEMICALS
The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 11 , shall apply .
 ---pagebreak---                                          111 / 2429 / Üb -EN
                    94 -                 Annex    III-F , p. 2
OPTICAL QUALITIES
Transmission of light
The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex
III-C , paragraph 9.1 , shall apply to glass panes or parts of
glass panes which must comply with requirements concerning the
driver 's field of view in all directions .
For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C , paragraphs
9.1 , 9.2 and 9.3 shall apply .
 ---pagebreak---                                - 95 -
                                                       III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                       Annex III-G , p. 1
                               ANNEX III-G
                            PLASTICS GLAZING
1.        DEFINITION OF TYPE
          Plastics glazing other than windscreens shall be deemed to
          belong to different types if it differs in at least one of the
          following principal or secondary characteristics .
1 .1.     The principal characteristics are as follows :
1 .1 .1 . The trade name or mark ;
1 .1 .2.  The thickness category in which the nominal thickness " e " lies
          (a manufacturing tolerance of +/- 0.2 mm being allowed ) :
          Category I               e < 3.5 mm ;
          Category II 3.5 mm «c.e < 4.5 mm ;
          Category III 4.5 mm <ce
1.1.3 .   The nominal thickness of the plastics interlayer sheet or
          sheets ;
1.114 .   The nominal thickness of the pane ;
1.1.5 .   The type of plastics interlayer sheet or sheets ( for example ,
          PVB or other plastics material ) and of the plastics sheet on
          the inside face .
1 . 1 .6. Any special treatment which the glass sheet may have undergone .
1 .2.     The secondary characteristics are as follows :
1 .2.1 ,  The nature of the material ( polished ( plate ) glass , float
          glass , sheet glass );
1 .2.2.   The colouring ( total or partial ) of the plastics interlayer
          sheet or sheets ( colourless or tinted );
 1.2.3 .  The colouring of the glass ( colourless or tinted );
 2.       GENERAL
 2. 1 .    In the case of plastics glazing the tests shall be conducted on
           flat test pieces which are either cut from actual glass panes
          or are specially made . In either case the test pieces shall be
           in all respects rigorously representative of the glass panes of
           which approval is sought .
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 96 -
                                                           III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                          Annex III-G , p. 2
2.2           Before each test the test pieces of plastics glazing shall be
              stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23°C +_
              2°C . The tests shall be performed as soon as the test pieces
              have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were
              stored .
2.3 .         The glazing presented for approval shall be deemed to comply
              with the provisions of this annex if it has the same
              composition as a windscreen already approved in accordance with
              the provisions of Annex I I I – I .
3.            HEAD FORM TEST
3.1 .         Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
              No secondary characteristics are involved .
3.2 .         Number of test pieces
              Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 mm x 500 mm (+ 5 mm / -2 mm )
              shall be subjected to testing
3.3 .         Test method
3.3.1 .       The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C ,
              paragraph 3 .
3.3.2 .       The height of drop shall be 1.5 m + 0 /- 5mm
4.            Interpretation of results
3.4.1 .       This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result
              if the following conditions are fulfilled ; that is to say , if :
3.4 . 1.1 .   The glass sheet yields and breaks , displaying     numerous cracks ;
3 . 4 . 1.2 . Tears in the interlayer are allowed but the manikin's head must
              not pass through ;
3.4 . 1.3 .   No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the
              interlayer .
3.4.2 .       A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be
              considered satisfactory from the point of view of behaviour
              under head impact if one of the following two conditions is
              met ; that is to say , if :
3 . 4 . 2.1 . All the tests give satisfactory results ; or
3.4.2.2.      One test having given an unsatisfactory result , a further
               series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives
              satisfactory results .
4.            MECHANICAL STRENGTH - 227 g BALL-IMPACT TEST
4 .!.         The requirements of Annex III-E , paragraph 4 , shall be
              applicable with the exception of the table in paragraph 4.3.2
              which should be replaced with the following :
 ---pagebreak---                               - 97 -
                                                     III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                     Annex III-G , p. 3
                 Nominal thickness                  Height of drop
                    e ^ 3.5 mm                       5 m >
                                                           >
           3.5 mirice -¿ 4.5 mm                      6m ) + 25 / -0 mm
                                                           )
                    e > 4.5 mm                       7m )
4.2     However , the requirement of Annex III-E , paragraph 4 . 4 . 1.2 .
        shall not apply .
5.      RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT
5.1 .   Abrasion test
5.1.1 . Abrasion test of the external face
        The requirements of Annex III-E , paragraph 5.1 , shall apply .
5.1.2 . Abrasion test of the internal face
        The requirements of Annex III-F , paragraph 2.1 , shall apply .
5.2 .   High-temperature test
        The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 5 , shall apply .
5.3 .   Resistance -to- radiation test
        The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 6 , shall apply .
6.      RESISTANCE - TO- HUMIDITY TEST
        The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 7 , shall apply .
7.      FIRE RESISTANCE TEST
        The requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 8 , shall apply .
8.      OPTICAL QUALITIES
8.1 .   Transmission of light
        The requirements concerning optical qualities of Annex III-C ,
        paragraph 9.1 , shall apply to glass panes or parts of glass
        panes which must comply with the requirements concerning the
        driver 's field of view in all directions .
8.2.    For windscreens the requirements of Annex III-C , paragraphs
        9.1 , 9.2 and 9.3 , shall apply .
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 98
                                                       III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                       Annex III-H , p.1
                                 A NNEX III – H
                                DOUBLE GLAZING
1.        DEFINITION OF TYPE
          Double glazing shall be deemed to belong to different types if
          it differs in at least one of the following principal or
          secondary characteristics .
1 .1.     The principal characteristics are as follows :
1 .1 .1 . The trade name or mark ;
1 .1 .2.  The composition of the double glazing ( symmetrical ,
          asymmetrical )
1.1.3 .   The type of each of the component panes , as defined in Annexes
          III-D , I I – E and III-G , paragraph 1 ;
1.1.4 .   The nominal thickness of the gap between the two panes ;
1.1.5 .   The type of bonding ( organic , glass-glass or glass-metal ).
1 .2.     The secondary characteristics are as follows :
1 .2.1 .  The secondary characteristics of each of the component panes ,
          as defined in Annexes III-D , III-E and III-G , paragraph 1.2 ;
2.        GENERAL
2. 1 .    Each of the component panes of double glazing must be either
          approved or subject to the requirements of the applicable Annex
          ( III-D , III-E or III-G ).
2.2.      Tests conducted on double glazing with a nominal gap thickness
          " e " shall be deemed to be applicable to all double glazing with
          the same characteristics and a nominal gap thickness of e +_ 3
          mm . However , applicants may submit for approval the sample with
          the smallest gap and the one with the largest gap .
 2.3 .    In the case of double glazing with at least one pane of
          laminated or plastics glazing , the test pieces shall be stored
          for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23°C _+ 2°C .
          The tests shall be performed as soon as the test pieces have
          been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored .
 3.       HEADFORM TEST
 3.1      Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics
 ---pagebreak---                                   - 99 -
                                                          III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                          Annex III-H , p.2
              No secondary characteristics are involved
3.2 .         Number of test pieces
              Six test pieces measuring 1 100 x 500 mm (+ 5 / -2 mm ) shall be
              subjected to testing for each thickness category of the
              component panes and each gap thickness as defined in paragraph
              1.1.4 above .
3.3 .         Test method
3.3.1 .       The method used shall be that described in Annex III-C ,
              paragraph 3 .
3.3.2 .       The height of drop shall be 1.5 m + 0 / -5 mm.
3.4 .         Interpretation of results
3.4.1 .       Double glazing comprising two panes of uniformly toughened glass :
              The headform test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory
              result if both components break .
3.4.2 .       Double glazing comprising two panes of laminated glass other than
              windscreens :
              The headform test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory
              result if the following conditions are fulfilled ; that is to say ,
              if :
3.4 . 2.1 .   Both components of the test piece yield and break , displaying
              numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of
              impact ;
3.4 . 2 . 2 . Tears in the interlayers are allowed but the manikin's head must
              not pass through ;
3.4 . 2 . 3 . No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the
              interlayer .
3.4.3 .       Double glazing comprising one pane of uniformly toughened glass
              and one pane of laminated glass other than windscreens :
3 . 4 . 3.1 . The toughened-glass pane breaks ;
3.4.3.2.      The laminated-glass pane yields and breaks , displaying numerous
              circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact ;
3.4.3.3.      Tears in the inter layer(s ) are allowed but the manikin's head
              must not pass through ;
 ---pagebreak---                                      100 -
                                                           II I / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                           Annex III-H , p„3
3.4. 3.4.     No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the
              inter layer .
3.4.4 .       A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered
              satisfactory from the point of view of behaviour under impact of
              the head if either of the following conditions is fulfilled ; that
              is to say if :
3 . 4 . 4.1 . All the tests have given a satisfactory result ;
3.4.4 . 2 .   One test having given a satisfactory result , a further series of
              tests carried out on a new set of samples has given satisfactory
              result s .
4.            OPTICAL QUALITIES
              The provisions concerning optical qualities set out in Annex
              III-C , paragraph 9.1 , shall apply to glass panes or parts of
              glass panes which are required to comply with requirements
              concerning the driver's field of view in all directions .
 ---pagebreak---                              - 101
                                                     III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                    Annex III-I
                                                     page 1
                             Annex III-I
          GROUPING OF WINDSCREENS FOR APPROVAL TESTING
1.    The features taken into account are :
1.1.  The developed area of the windscreen ;
1 .2. The height of segment ;
1.3 . The curvature .
2.    A group is made up of a thickness class .
3.    Classification is performed in ascending order of developed area .
      The five largest and the five smallest developed areas shall be
      selected , and shall be numbered as follows :
      1 for the largest ;                 1 for the smallest ;
      2 for the next  largest after 1 ;   2 for the next smallest       after 1 ;
      3   II  II  It      If       It
                                       2; 3  II  It      II         II
                                                                          "   2;
      4   II  n   IV      n        If
                                       3; 4  II  It      II         It
                                                                          "   3;
      5   It  II  It      If       II
                                       4. 5  II   II     II         η
                                                                          "   4.
4.    Within each of the two series defined under paragraph 3 . above ,
      the heights of segment shall be indicated as follows :
      1 for the greatest height of segment ;
      2 for the next greatest ;
      3 for the next greatest ;
      etc .
5.    Within each of the two series defined under paragraph 3 . above ,
      the radii of curvature shall be indicated as follows ;
      1 for the smallest radius of curvature ;
      2 for the next smallest ;
       3 for the next smallest ;
      etc .
 6.    The numbers awarded to each windscreen in the two series defined
       under paragraph 3 . above shall be added together .
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 102 -
                                                             III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                             Annex III-I , p. 2
6. 1 .            That windscreen among the five largest which has the smallest
                  total and that windscreen among the five smallest which has the
                  smallest total shall be selected for the full tests defined in
                  Annex 1 1 1 – I .
6.2.              The other windcreens in the same series shall be tested to verify
                  the optical qualities defined in Annex III-C , paragraph 9 .
7.                A few windscreens having significantly different parameters of
                  shape and /or radius of curvature from the extremes of the
                  selected group may also be tested if the technical service
                  conducting the tests considers that the parameters in question
                  are likely to have appreciable adverse effects .
8.                The limits of the group are determined by developed area of
                  windscreen . Where a windscreen submitted for type approval has a
                  developed area outside the approved limits and /or has a
                  significantly greater height of segment or a significantly
                  smaller radius of curvature , it shall be considered to be of a
                  new type and shall be subjected to additional tests if the
                  technical service deems such tests technically necessary , having
                  regard to the information already in its possession concerning
                  the product and the material used .
9.                Should any other windscreen model subsequently be manufactured by
                  the holder of an approval in a thickness class already approved :
9.1 .             It shall be ascertained whether that model can be included among
                  the five largest or the five smallest selected for approval of
                  the group in question ;
9.2 .             Numbering by the procedures defined in paragraphs 3 ., 4 . and 5 .
                   above shall be performed again ;
9.3 .             If the sum of the numbers awarded to the windscreen newly
                   incorporated among the five largest or the five smallest
                  windscreens :
9.3.1              is found to be the smallest , the following tests shall be
                  performed :
9 . 3 . 1.1 .      Toughened glass windscreen :
9 . 3 . 1.1.1 .    Fragmentation
9 . 3 . 1.1 . 2 .  Headform impact
9 . 3 . 1.1 . 3 .  Optical distortion
9 . 3 . 1.1 . 4 .  Secondary-image separation
9 . 3 . 1.1 . 5 .  Light transmission
 ---pagebreak---                                                - 103 -
                                                            III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                            Annex III-I , page 3
9 . 3 . 1.2 .     Laminated or glass-plastics windscreen
9 . 3 . 2 . 2.1 . Headform impact
9 . 3 . 1.2 . 2 . Optical distortion
9 . 3 . 1.2 . 3 . Secondary-image separation
9.3 . 1.2 . 4 .   Light transmission
9.3 . 1.3 .       Treated laminated windscreen : the tests specified in 9 . 3 . 1.1.1
                  9 . 3 . 1.1 . 2 . and 9 . 3 . 1.2 .
9 . 3 . 1.4 .     Plast ics-faced windscreen : the tests specified in 9 . 3 . 1.1 . or
                  9 . 3 . 1.2 . as appropriate .
9.3.2 .           is found not to be the smallest , only the tests prescribed for
                  verifying the optical qualities defined in Annex-C , paragrah 9
 ---pagebreak---                                       104
                                                          1 1 I / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                          Annex III – J
                                                          page 1
                                     Annex III – J
MEASUREMENT OF THE HEIGHTS OF SEGMENT AND POSITION OF THE POINTS OF IMPACT
 Figure 1 : Determination of height of segment " n " and position of points of
            impact in the cases A , B and C shown .
 For a glass pane with a single curve , the height of segment will be n1 .
 For a glass pane with a double curve , the height of segment will be n1 + n2
maximum .
 ---pagebreak---                        - 105 -
                               III / 2429 / 86-EN
                               Annex III – J
                               page 2
( a ) Fiat glass panel
 ( b) Fiat glass panel
 ---pagebreak---                                       106 -
                                                            III / 2A29 / /8 6 EN
                                                            Annex   III –J
                                                            page 3
( c ) Curved glass panel
Figures 3(a ),. 3(b ) and 3(c )          Prescribed points of impact for side
                                         glass panes and the rear window
The points " 2 " shown in figures 3(a ), 3(b ) and 3(c ) are examples of the sites
for point " 2 " prescribed in Annex III-D , paragraph 2.5 .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 107 -
                                                            III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                            Annex III-K , page 1
                                     Annex III-K
CHECKS ON CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
1.             DEFINITIONS
               For the purposes of this Annex :
1.1 .          'Type of product' means all glass panes having the same principal
               characteristics ,
1.2 .          'Thickness class'    means all glass panes having the thickness of
               component parts within the permitted tolerances ,
1.3 .          'Production unit' means all production facilities of one or
               several types of glass panes established in the same place ; it
               may include several production lines ,
1.4 .          'Shift' means a period of production carried out by the same
               production line during daily working hours ,
1.5 .          'Production run' means a continuous period of production of the
     «
               same type of product in the same shift ,
1.6 .          'Ps' means the number of glass panes of the same type of product
               produced by the same shift ,
1.7 .          'Pr' means the number of glass panes of the same type of product
               produced during a production run .
2.             TEST
               The glass panes shall be submitted to the following tests :
2.1 .          Uniformly toughened-glass windscreens and panes
2.1.1 .         Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of Annex
               III-D , paragraph 2 ,
2.1.2 .        Light transmission measurement in accordance with the
                requirements of Annex I II – C , paragraph 9.1 ,
2.1.3 .        Panes used as windscreens :
2 . 1.3.1 .     Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of
                Annex III-C , paragraph 9.2 ,
2 . 1.3 . 2 .   Secondary-image separation test in accordance with the
                requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 9.3 ,
2.2 .           Ordinary laminated-glass and glass-plastics panes other than
                windscreens
 2.2.1 .        227 g ball impact test in accordance with the requirements of
                Annex III-F , paragraph 4 ,
 ---pagebreak---                                     - 108 -
2.2.2 .        High-temperature test in accordance with the requirements of
               Annex III-C , paragraph 5 ,
2.2.3 .        Light transmission measurement in accordance with the
               requirements of Annex III-C , paragraph 9.1 ,
2 . 2 . A.     For panes of glass-plastics only
2.2.A.1 .      Abrasion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F ,
               paragraph 2.1 ;
2 . 2 . A. 2 . Resistance to humidity test in accordance with the requirements
               of Annex III-F , paragraph 3
2 . 2 . A. 3 . Resistance to chemicals test in accordance with the requirements
               of Annex III-C , paragraph 11
2.2.5 .        The above provisions shall be considered to be met if the
               corresponding tests have been carried out on a windscreen of the
               same composition .
2.3 .          Plast ics-faced glazing
               In addition to the tests prescribed in the various paragraphs of
               this Annex , the following tests shall be carried out :
2.3.1 .        Abrasion test in accordance with the requirements of Annex III-F ,
               paragraph 2.1 .
2.3.2 .        Resistance to humidity test in accordance with the requirements
               of Annex III-F , paragraph 3 .
2.3.3 .        Resistance to chemicals test in accordance with the requirements
               of Annex III-C , paragraph 11 .
2 . A.         Double glazing
               The tests to be carried out shall be those prescribed in this
               Annex for each of the panes in the double glazing , with the same
               frequency and the same requirements .
3.             FREQUENCY OF TESTS AND RESULTS
3.1 .          Fragmentation
3.1.1 .        Tests
3 . 1.1.1 .    A first series of tests consisting of a break at each impact
               point specified by this Directive shall be carried out with
               photographic prints at the beginning of the production of each
               new type of glass pane to determine the most severe break point .
               However , for toughened-glass windscreens , this first series of
               tests shall be carried out only if the annual production of this
               type of glass pane exceeds 200 units .
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 109 -
                                                                    III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                                    Annex III-K , page 3
3 . 1.1 . 2 .       During the production run the check test shall normally be
                    carried out using the break point determined as in paragraph
                    3 . 1.1.1 .
3 . 1.1 . 3 .       A check test shall be carried out at the beginning of each
                    production run or following a change of colour .
3 . 1.1 . 4 .       During the production run the check test shall be carried out at
                    the following minimum frequency :
     Toughen ed-glass                  Toughened-glass panes         Treated laminated-
        windscreens                    other than windscreens        glass windscreens
                                    I
    Ps     200 : one break per     I Pr    500 :  one per shift I 0.1 per cent per type
            production run          I
                                   II                             I
                                                                  I
    Ps     200 : one break          I Pr   500 :  two per . shift I
           every four hours         I
           of production            I
                                    I
3 . 1.1 . 5 .       A check test shall be carried out at the end of the production
                    run on one of the last glass panes manufactured .
3 . 1.1 . 6 .       for Pr <120 only one fragmentation test per production run need
                    be carried out .
3.1.2 .             Results
                    All results shall be recorded , including the results without
                    photographic print .
                     In addition, a photographic contact print shall be made once per
                     shift , except for Pr       500 . In this last case only one
                    photographic contact print shall be made per production run .
3.2 .                Headform impact
3.2.1 .              Tests
                     The check shall be carried out on samples corresponding to at
                     least 0.5 per cent of the daily production of laminated-glass
                     windscreens of one production line . A maximum of 15 windscreens
                     per day shall be tested .
                     The choice of samples shall be representative of the production
                     of the various types of windscreen .
                     Headform tests shall , in any event , be carried out on at least
                     two samples for each thickness class per year .
 ---pagebreak---                          - 110 -                III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                Annex    III-K , p. 4
3.2.2 . Results
        All results shall be recorded .
3.3 .   Impact of a 227 g ball
3.3.1 . Tests
        The test pieces shall be cut from samples . However , for
        practical reasons , the tests may be carried out on finished
        products or parts of them .
        The check shall be carried out on a sampling corresponding to
        at least 0.5 per cent of the production of one shift with a
        maximum of 10 samples per day .
3.3.2 . Results
        All results shall be recorded
3.4 .   High temperature
3.4.1 . Tests
        The test pieces shall be cut from samples . However , for
        practical reasons , the tests may be carried out on finished
        products or parts of them . These shall be selected so that all
        interlayers are tested proportionately to their use .
        The check shall be carried out at least on three samples per
        colour of interlayer taken from the daily production .
3.4.2 . Results
        All results shall be recorded .
3.5 .   Light transmission
3.5.1 . Tests
        Representative samples of tinted finished products shall be
        submitted to this test .
        The check shall be carried out at least at the beginning of
        every production run if there is any change in the
        characteristics of the glass pane affecting the results of the
        test .
        Glass panes having a regular light transmission measured
        during type approval of not less than 80 per cent in the case
        of windscreens and not less than 75 per cent in the case of
        glass panes other than windscreens , and glass panes of
        category V shall be exempted from this test .
        Alternatively , for toughened glass , a certificate of
        compliance with the above requirements may be submitted by the
        glass supplier .
 ---pagebreak---                                 - 111                   III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                        Annex    III-K, p. 5
3.5.2 . Results
        The value  of light transmission shall be recorded . In
        addition,  for windscreens with shade-bands or obsucration
        bands , it shall be verified , from the drawings referred to in
        paragraph  3 . 2 . 1.2 . 2 . 4 , that such bands are outside zone I' .
3.6 .   Optical distortion and secondary-image separation
3.6.1 . Tests
        Every windscreen shall be inspected for visual defects . In
        addition, using the methods specified or any method giving
        similar results , measurements shall be made in the various
        areas of vision at the following minimum frequencies .
        either where Ps < 200, one sample per shift ,
        or where Ps ^- 200, 2 samples per shift ,
        or 1 per cent of the whole production , the samples chosen
        being representative of all production .
3.6.2 . Results
        All the results shall be recorded .
3.7 .   Résistance to abrasion
3.7.1 . Tests
        Plastics-faced and glass-plastics panes only shall be
        submitted to this test . There shall be at least one check per
        month and per type of plastics material facing or interlayer .
3.7.2 . Results
        The measurement of the light scatter shall be recorded .
3.8 .   Resistance to humidity
3.8.1 . Tests
        Plastics-faced and glass-plastics panes only shall be
        submitted to this test . There shall be at least one check per
        month and per type of plastics material facing or interlayer .
3.8.2 . Results
 ---pagebreak---                         - 112 -                 III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                                Annex    III-K , p. 6
        ALL results shaLL be recorded .
3.9 .   Résistance to chemicaLs
3.9.1 . Tests
        PLasti cs-faced and gLass-pLasti cs panes onLy shaLL be
        submitted to this test . There shaLL be at Least on check per
        month and per type of pLastics materiaL facing or interLayer .
3.9.2 . ALL resuLts shaLL be recorded .
 ---pagebreak---                                  - 113 -                   III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                                           Annex    III-L , p. 1
                                    ANNEXE III-L
                                        MODEL
                                                          Name of administration
ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR IN RESPECT OF THE
                         WINDSCREEN AND OTHER GLASS PANES
( Article 4(2 ) and Article 10 of council Directive 74 / 150 / EEC of 4 March 1974
on the approximation of the laws of the member States relating to the
type-approval of wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors )
EEC type approval number : .....                      Extension No .....
1 . Make ( name of undertaking ) of tractor : .....
2 . Type and commercial description of tractor : .....
3 . Name and address of manufacturer : .....
4 . Name and address of manufacturer 's authorized representative ( if any ) :
5 . Description of type of windscreen and other glass panes ( toughened,
    laminated, plastic , glass-plastics , flat , curved , etc .)
6 . EEC type-approval number of the windscreen and other panes : .....
7 . Date on which tractor was submitted for EEC type-approval : .....
8 . Technical service resonsible for type-approval : ..... .....
9 . Date of report issued by that service : ..... . .....
10 . Number of report issued by that service : .....
11 . EEC type approval for the windscreen and other glass panes is
granted / refused
12 . Place : .....
13 . Date : ..... .....
14 . Signature : ..... . .
15 . The following documents bearing the EEC type-approval number given above
     are annexes to this document :
     ..... dimensioned drawings
     ..... exploded view or photograph of the windscreen and other
                        glass panes in the tractor cab .
^ Delete where inapplicable;
 ---pagebreak---                              - 114 -                  111 / 2429 / 86 – EN
                                                      Annex III-L , p. 2
These data are supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member
States at their specific request .
16 . Any comments : .....
 ---pagebreak---                                            - 115 -               III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                              ANNEX IV
                    MECHANICAL LINKAGES BETWEEN TRACTOR AND TRAILER
1 . Definitions
    1.1 . " Mechanical linkage between tractor and trailer " means the technical
          unit installed between the tractor and trailer in order to provide the
          mechanical connection needed to form a tractor / trailer combination . Of
          the various types of mechanical linkage one draw a distinction between
          a ) on the tractor :
              - hook
              - fork
              - swing bar ( more commonly known as the draw bar );
          b) on the trailer :
              - ring .
    1.2 . " Height above ground of towing device " means the distance between the
          horizontal plane containing the reference centre of the towing device
          and the horizontal plane on which the wheels of the tractor are
          resting .
    1.3 . " Projection of towing device " means the distance between the reference
          centre of the towing device and the vertical plane passing through the
          axle on which the rear wheels of the tractor are mounted .
2 . Scope
    Since the mechanical linkages between tractor and trailer most usually, and
    almost entirely , covered by international transactions are the hook , fork
    and ring , the requirements of this Directive relate solely to such
    linkages .
3 . Requirements
    3.1 . Hooks , forks and rings are subject to the dimensional and strength
          requirement set out in paragraphs 3.2 . and 3.3 . below .
    3.2 . Dimensional Requirements
          3.2.1 . The dimensional requirements are those set out in the following
                   ISO standards :
                   3 . 2 . 1.1 . ISO 6489 / 1 - agricultural vehicles - mechanical
                                 linkages on towing vehicles - Part 1 : hook type -
                                 dimensions ( first edition - October 1980 ).
                   3 . 2 . 1.2 . ISO 6458 / 2 - agricultural vehicles - mechanical
                                 linkages on towing vehicles - Part 2 : fork type -
                                 dimensions ( first edition - October 1980 ).
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 116 -                 III / 2A29 / 86 – EN
              3 . 2 . 1.3 . Iso 5692 - agricultural vehicles - mechanical linkages
                            between vehicles - towing rings - specifications
                            ( first edition ( February 1979 ).
      3.2.2 . In addition , the maximum towing height ( h ) above the ground in
              relation to the axle spread ( I ), must be covered by one of the
              following relationships :
              h ^ 0.35 I          if     Ma   0.35 Mt
              h^.0.5        I     if     Ma > 0.35 Mt
      3.2.3 . The amount by which the towing device projects shall be stated
              by the manufacturer .
3.3 . Strength requirements
      In order to check their strength mechanical linkages shall be
      submitted to a dynamic test whose method is set out in the appendix .
      Neither permanent deformation nor breaking shall occur during the
      test .
 ---pagebreak---                                    - 117 -              III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                    Appendix 1
                              DYNAMIC TESTING METHOD
1 . Testing method
    This method describes the fatigue test to be used on the complete coupling
    device i.e. fitted with all of the parts needed for its installation , with
    the exception of the trailer . All of those parts shall be attached to a
    test assembly in accordance with the manufacturer 's recommendations in
    respect of their attachment to the trailer .
2 . Test parameter
    The parts of the towing device shall be tested in accordance with the
    nominal values authorized for the horizontal and vertical forces . These
    forces shall be specified by the manufacturer .
3 . Test procedure
    Forces shall be applied to the device by means of a standard ring complying
    with standard ISO 5692 referred to in paragraph 3.2.3 . in Annex IV . The
    test force is obtained by multiplying the horizontal and vertical forces
    referred to in paragraph 2 above by 1.3 .
    The parts to be tested shall be submitted to sinusoidal stress cycles
    directed downwards at the rear and applied to the normal contact point
    between the device and ring at values which can be variable between the
    contact force and the test as defined .
    The contact force shall be as low as possible in order to avoid play .
    If dampers are incorporated into those parts they shall be kept in place
    during the test . Where this is the case the test report shall note their
    behaviour during , before and after the test .
    The frequency of the sinusoida ^ stresses shall not exceed 35 HZ for a
    number of cycles equal to 2.10° .
    Any fracture , permanent deformation and cracking visible to the naked eye
    shall be noted after the test .
4 . Tolerances
    The following tolerances shall apply to the measurements carried out during
    the test :
    - deflection : +/- 1mm
    - force       : +/- 1%
 ---pagebreak---                                       118                    III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                      Appendix 2
                                         MODEL
                                                         Narae of administration
      ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE IN RESPECT
      OF ITS HQCHAEUCAL LINKAGE WITH A TRAILER
      ( Articles 4(2 ) and 10 of Council Directive of 74 / 150 / EEC of 4 March 1974
      on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the EEC
      type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors ).
      EEC type-approval number : .....
  1 . Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer : .....
  2 . Type and commercial description of tractor : .....
  3 . Manufacturer 's name and address : .....
  4 . If applicable , name and address of manufacturer 's authorized
      representatives : .....
  5 . Description of type of mechanical linkage ( hook , fork , three-point
      attachment , drilled bar , swinging bar , etc .) : .....
  6 . Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval : .....
  7 . Technical service conducting the type-approval tests : .....
  8 . Date of report issued by that service : .....
  9 . No of report issued by that service : .....
10 . granted
      EEC type-approval
              / refused .
                          for the mechanical linkage for coupling a trailer is
11 . Place : .....
12 . Date : .....
13 . Signature : .....
14 . The following documents , bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated
      above are annexed to this certificate :
      ..... dimensional drawings
      ..... exploded view or photograph of the type of
                                mechanical linkage .
      The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member
      States if they so request .
15 . Remarks : .....
Ï
    Delete where inapplicable
 ---pagebreak---                                        - 119 -
                                                            III / 2429 / 86-EN
                                         ANNEX V
LOCATION AND METHOD OF AFFIXING STATUTORY PLATES AND INSCRIPTIONS ON THE BODY
------- -                            OTTHE TRACTOR
1 . General
    1.1 . All agricultural or forestry tractors must be provided with the plate
          and inscriptions described in the following sections . The plate and
          inscriptions shall be attached either by the manufacturer or by his
          authorized representative .
2 . Manufacturers plate
    2.1 . A manufacturer 's plate , modelled on that shown to the appendix hereto ,
          must be firmly attached in a conspicuous and readily accessible
          position on a part normally not subject to replacement in use . It must
          show clearly and indelibly the following information in the order
          listed .
          2.1.1 . Name of manufacturer .
          2.1.2 . Make ( if different from name ).
          2.1.3 . Address .
          2.1.4 . Type of tractor ( and version if necessary ).
          2.1.5 . EEC type-approval number .
                   This number is composed of a small letter "e " followed in the
                   order given , by the distinguishing number or letters of the
                   country which granted the EEC type-approval (1 for Germany , 2
                   for France, 3 for Italy , 4 for the Netherlands , 6 for Belgium,
                   9 for Spain , 11 for the United Kingdom, 12 for Luxembourg , 18
                   for Denmark , 21 for Portugal , EL for Greece , IRL for Ireland )
                   and by the type-approval certificate for the type of vehicle .
          2.1.6 . Tractor identification number .
          2.1.7 . Kerb weight .
          2.1.8 . Maximum permitted laden weight of the tractor , given in detail
                   depending on the possible types of tyre which may be fitted .
 ---pagebreak---                                           - 120 -               III / 2429 / 86-EN
          2.1.9 . Maximum permitted laden weight for the combination , where the
                  tractor is used with an agricultural trailer , a distinction
                  being drawn between :
                  2 . 1.9.1 . a trailer without a braking system
                  2 . 1.9 . 2 . a trailer with a mechanical braking system
                  2 . 1.9 . 3 . a trailer with an assisted braking system .
    2.2 . The manufacturer may give additional information below or to the side
    of the prescribed inscriptions , outside a clearly market rectangle
    enclosing only the information prescribed in paragraphs 2.1.1 . to 2.1.9 .
    ( see exemple of manufacturer 's plate below ).
3 . Tractor identification Number
    The tractor identification number is a fixed combination of characters
    assigned to each tractor by the manufacturer . Its purpose is to ensure that
    every tractor can be clearly identified over a period of 30 years through
    the intermediary of the manufacturer , without a need for reference
    following requirements .
    3.1 . It must be market on the manufacturer 's plate , and also on the
          chassis , or other similar structure .
          3.1.1 . It must wherever possible be entered on a single line .
4 . Characters
    4.1 . Roman letters and arabic numberals must be used for all of the
          markings provided for in sections 2 and 3 . However , the roman letters
          used in the markings provide for in 2.1.1 . and 2.1.3 . and 3 must be in
          capital letters .
    4.2 . For the tractor identification number :
         4.2.1 .  Use of the letters I , 0 and Q and dashes , asterisks and other
                  special signs is not permitted ;
         4.2.2 .  The minimum height of the letters and figures should be as
                  follows :
                  4 . 2 . 2.1 . 7 mm for characters maked directly on the chassis ,
                                  frame or other similar structure of the tractor ;
                  4 . 2 . 2 . 2 . 4 mm for characters market on the manufacturer 's
                                  plate .
 ---pagebreak---                                      - 121
                                                                      III / 2429 / 86-EN
                           Example of manufacturer ' s plate
The following example in no way prejudices the data which may actually be
entered on the manufacturer 's plate : it is given solely for information
purposes .
                                  BRAUN TRAKTOR WERKE
                                            MAJOR
                                    Lyoner Strasse
                                 AACHEN - Deutschland
                                     e * 1 * 1792
                                   Type         :    190    E
                                 Number :         AE   7954 W
                                Kerb weight : 2 350 kg
                           Tyres               x           x         x
                       M. P. L. W.         4 250         3 840     3 650
                   6 . T. R. :
                   - unbraked trailer                         :  3 350 kg
                   - brake with a mechanical
                       braking system                         : 8 350 kg
                   - trailer with an assisted
                       braking system                         : 11 450 kg
                                            cî
                                       \
                                         \
 ---pagebreak---                                       - 122 -               III / 2429 / 86 -EN
                                        Appendix
                                           MODEL
                                                  Indication of administration
ANNEX TO THE EEC TYPE-APROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD TO
THE POSITION AND THE METHOD OF AFFIXING STATUTORY PLATES AND INSCRIPTIONS ON
THE BODY OF THE TRACTOR
( Article 4(2 ) and 10 of Council Directive 74 / 150 / EEC of 4 March 1974 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the EEC
type-approval of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors )
EEC type-approval number : .....
  1 . Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer : .....
  2 . Type and commercial description of tractor : .....
  3 . Manufacturer 's name and address : ...../. .....
  4 . If applicable , name and address of manufacturer 's authorized
      representative : .....
  5 . Date of submission of tractor for EEC type-approval : .....
  6 . Technical service conducting the type-approval : ..... . . .
  7 . Date of report issued by that service : .....
  8 . Number of report issued by that service : .....
  9 . EEC type-approval for the location and method of affixing statutory plates
      and inscriptions on the body of the tractor is granted / refused .
10 . Place :   .....
11 . Date : ..... . . . .....
12 . Signature : ..... . . . .....
13 . The following documents bearing the EEC type-approval number indicated
      above are annexed to this certificate :
      ..... dimensional drawings
      ..... exploded view or photograph of the location and method of
                        affixing statutory plates and inscriptions on the body of
                        the tractor .
      The date must be supplied at the competent authorities of the other Member
      States if they so request .
14 . Remarks : . . .    .....
    Delete where inapplicable