FROM THE PARTIES INDEPENDENTLY .
( C ) PARENT PARTIES WILL NOT IN GENERAL COMPETE WITH THE ACTIVITIES OF JOINT VENTURES IN WHICH THEY HOLD SUBSTANTIAL STAKES , EVEN IF THEY ARE CONTRACTUALLY FREE TO DO SO . IN THIS CASE IN PARTICULAR , NEITHER PARTY WOULD , WITHIN THE CONTEXT OUTLINED IN 4 OF I ABOVE , BE LIKELY TO DEVOTE ITS RESOURCES SEPARATELY TO AN INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT EFFORT OVER AND ABOVE THAT REQUIRED BY THE JOINT VENTURE . THIS EFFECT IS HERE MADE EXPLICIT AND ENSURED BY AN AGREED EXPRESS NON-COMPETITION CLAUSE . SAVE IN THE EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN 3 ( E ) ( IX ) OF I ABOVE , NEITHER PARTY IS FREE TO ACT INDEPENDENTLY OR TO ENTER INTO AGREEMENTS WITH THIRD PARTIES IN RELATION TO ANY ACTIVITY WHICH IS COMPETITIVE WITH THE STATED PURPOSES OF THE JOINT VENTURE . NEITHER PARTY IS AVAILABLE , SAVE IN EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES , TO COOPERATE INDEPENDENTLY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SODIUM CIRCULATORS WITH THIRD PARTIES , TO DISCLOSE TECHNICAL INFORMATION TO THIRD PARTIES FOR THIS PURPOSE OR TO TENDER INDEPENDENTLY TO CUSTOMERS FOR THE SUPPLY OF SODIUM CIRCULATORS .
( D ) THE SHARING BETWEEN THE PARTIES OF ALL DEVELOPMENT RESULTS HAS THE EFFECT THAT WHILE THE AGREEMENT IS IN FORCE BOTH PARTIES MAINTAIN THE SAME LEVEL AND CHARACTER OF SODIUM CIRCULATOR TECHNOLOGY , SO THAT NEITHER PARTY CAN OBTAIN A TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANTAGE OVER THE OTHER IN RELATION TO SODIUM CIRCULATORS OR APPLICABLE PRODUCTION METHODS .
( E ) IN CIRCUMSTANCES SUCH AS IN THIS CASE , THE EXISTENCE OF A JOINT VENTURE IN ONE FIELD IS LIKELY TO PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES AND INDUCEMENTS TO PARENT COMPANIES , WHO EACH HAVE RELATED INTERESTS ALSO IN OTHER AREAS , TO ENLARGE THEIR COMMON ACTIVITIES AND IMPAIR FREE COMPETITION BETWEEN THEM IN THOSE OTHER AREAS . HERE EACH OF THE PARTIES HAS HIGHLY DIVERSIFIED INDUSTRIAL INTERESTS . APART FROM THEIR JOINT ACTIVITY IN THE FIELD OF THE JOINT VENTURE , THE PARTIES HAVE OTHER OVERLAPPING , RELATED AND COMPETITIVE ACTIVITIES . BY WAY OF EXAMPLES , BOTH ARE MANUFACTURERS OF PUMPS OTHER THAN SODIUM CIRCULATORS , SPECIFICALLY FOR POWER ENGINEERING AND OIL-PIPELINE APPLICATIONS , AND , AS TO FOUNDRY PRODUCTS AND HIGH-PRECISION STEEL CASTINGS , WEIR IS A MAJOR PRODUCER AND SUPPLIER AND GEC IS A MAJOR USER . THE PARTIES HAVE THEREFORE NOT ONLY HORIZONTALLY COMPETITIVE BUT ALSO VERTICALLY RELATED ACTIVITIES IN OTHER AREAS . SENIOR EMPLOYEES OF BOTH PARTIES ARE SECONDED TO THE JOINT VENTURE , BUT REMAIN ON THE ORIGINAL EMPLOYING PARTY ' S PAYROLL AND UNDER ITS ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL . THESE EMPLOYEES RETAIN INTERESTS IN THEIR EMPLOYERS ' ACTIVITIES OUTSIDE THE FIELD OF THE JOINT VENTURE . THROUGH THEIR CONTINUING ASSOCIATION WITH EACH OTHER WITHIN THE JOINT VENTURE , THE COINCIDENCE OF INTERESTS OF THE PARTIES IN OTHER AREAS CAN BE EXPECTED TO LEAD TO AN IMPAIRMENT OF COMPETITION BETWEEN THEM ALSO IN THESE OTHER AREAS .
( F ) THE AGREEMENT ATTRIBUTES TO EACH PARTY