Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/20pdf/19-123_g3bi.pdf
Page Number: 99

Cite as:  593 U. S. ____ (2021) 

77 

ALITO, J., concurring in judgment
ALITO, J., concurring in judgment 

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For all these reasons, I would overrule Smith and reverse 
the  decision  below.  Philadelphia’s  exclusion  of  CSS  from
foster care work violates the Free Exercise Clause, and CSS 
is therefore entitled to an injunction barring Philadelphia 
from taking such action. 

After receiving more than 2,500 pages of briefing and af-
ter more than a half-year of post-argument cogitation, the
Court has emitted a wisp of a decision that leaves religious
liberty in a confused and vulnerable state.  Those who count 
on  this  Court  to  stand  up  for  the  First  Amendment  have
every right to be disappointed—as am I.