Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/23pdf/22-277_d18f.pdf
Page Number: 88.0

26 

MOODY v. NETCHOICE, LLC 

ALITO, J., concurring in judgment 

has  it  shown  what  kinds  of  content  appear  across  the  di-
verse array of regulated platforms. 

Social-media  platforms  are  diverse,  and  each  may  be 
unique in potentially significant ways.  On the present rec-
ord, we are ill-equipped to account for the many platform-
specific  features  that  allow  users  to  do  things  like  sell  or 
purchase goods,35 live-stream events,36 request a ride,37 ar-
range a date,38 create a discussion forum,39 wire money to
friends,40  play  a  video  game,41  hire  an  employee,42  log  a 
run,43 or agree to watch a  dog.44  The challenged laws may 
apply  differently  to  these  different  functions,  which  may
present different First Amendment issues.  A court cannot 
invalidate the challenged laws if it has to speculate about
their applications. 

3 
Third, NetChoice has not established how websites mod-
erate content.  NetChoice alleges that “[c]overed websites” 
generally use algorithms to organize and censor content ap-
pearing in “search results, comments, or in feeds.”  Brief for 
Petitioners in No. 22–555, at 4, 6.  But at this stage and on
this record, we have no way of confirming whether all of the 
regulated platforms use algorithms to organize all of their 
content,  much  less  whether  these  algorithms  are  expres-
sive.  See Hurley, 515 U. S., at 568.  Facebook and Reddit, 
for  instance,  both  allow  their  users  to  post  about  a  wide 

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35 E.g., Facebook Marketplace, Etsy. 
36 E.g., X Live, Twitch. 
37 E.g., Uber, Lyft. 
38 E.g., Facebook Dating, Tinder. 
39 E.g., Reddit, Quora. 
40 E.g., Meta Pay, Venmo, PayPal. 
41 E.g., Metaverse, Discord. 
42 E.g., Indeed, LinkedIn. 
43 E.g., Strava. 
44 E.g., Rover.