Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/23pdf/22-451_7m58.pdf
Page Number: 9.0

Cite as:  603 U. S. ____ (2024) 

1 

Opinion of the Court 

NOTICE: This opinion is subject to formal revision before publication in the 
United  States  Reports.  Readers  are  requested  to  notify  the  Reporter  of 
Decisions,  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  Washington,  D. C.  20543, 
pio@supremecourt.gov, of any typographical or other formal errors. 

SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES 

_________________ 

Nos. 22–451 and 22–1219 
_________________ 

22–451 

LOPER BRIGHT ENTERPRISES, ET AL., 
PETITIONERS 
v. 
GINA RAIMONDO, SECRETARY OF 
COMMERCE, ET AL. 

ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF 
APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT 

22–1219 

RELENTLESS, INC., ET AL., PETITIONERS 
v. 
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, ET AL. 

ON WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF 
APPEALS FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT 

[June 28, 2024]

 CHIEF  JUSTICE  ROBERTS  delivered  the  opinion  of  the 

Court. 

Since our decision in Chevron U. S. A. Inc. v. Natural Re-
sources Defense Council, Inc., 467 U. S. 837 (1984), we have 
sometimes required courts to defer to “permissible” agency 
interpretations of the statutes those agencies administer—
even when a reviewing court reads the statute differently.
In these cases we consider whether that doctrine should be 
overruled. 

Our  Chevron  doctrine  requires  courts  to  use  a  two-step 

I