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INTEL CORP. INVESTMENT POLICY COMM. v. SULYMA 

Opinion of the Court 

their beneficiaries, as well as co-fiduciaries and the Secre-
tary of Labor, to sue for that relief.  §1132(a)(2). 

Such suits must be filed within one of three time periods,
each with different triggering events.  The first begins when
the breach occurs.  Specifically, under §1113(1), suit must 
be filed within six years of “the date of the last action which
constituted a part of the breach or violation” or, in cases of
breach by omission, “the latest date on which the fiduciary 
could have cured the breach or violation.”  We have referred 
to §1113(1) as a statute of repose, which “effect[s] a legisla-
tive judgment that a defendant should be free from liability 
after the legislatively determined period of time.”  Califor-
nia Public Employees’ Retirement System v. ANZ Securities, 
Inc., 582 U. S. ___, ___ (2017) (slip op., at 5) (internal quo-
tation marks omitted).

The second period, which accelerates the filing deadline, 
begins  when  the  plaintiff  gains  “actual  knowledge”  of  the 
breach.  Under  §1113(2),  suit  must  be  filed  within  three
years of “the earliest date on which the plaintiff had actual 
knowledge of the breach or violation.”  Section 1113(2) is a
statute of limitations, which “encourage[s] plaintiffs to pur-
sue diligent prosecution of known claims.”  Id., at ___ (slip 
op., at 5) (internal quotation marks omitted).

The  third  period,  which  applies  “in  the  case of  fraud  or
concealment,”  begins  when  the  plaintiff  discovers  the  al-
leged  breach.  §1113.  In  such  cases,  suit  must  be  filed 
within six years of “the date of discovery.”  Ibid. 

B 
Respondent  Sulyma  worked  at  Intel  Corporation  from
2010  to  2012.    He  participated  in  two  Intel  retirement 
plans, the Intel Retirement Contribution Plan and the Intel 
401(k)  Savings  Plan.    Payments  into  these  plans  were  in