Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/08pdf/07-588.pdf/07-588.pdf
Page Number: 20

Cite as:  556 U. S. ____ (2009) 

17 

Opinion of the Court 
Appendix to opinion of the Court 

APPENDIX TO OPINION OF THE COURT 

Entities 
Subject to
Regulation 

Existing point 
sources during
the Clean Water 
Act’s initial 
implementation
phase. 

Existing point 
sources that 
discharge 
“conventional 
pollutants” as 
defined by the 
EPA under 33 
U. S. C. 
§1314(a)(4). 

Existing point 
sources that 
discharge toxic 
pollutants and 
non-
conventional 
pollutants. 

Statutory
Standard 

Statutorily Mandated
Factors 

“Factors relating to the 
assessment of best practicable 
control technology currently 
available . . . shall include 
consideration of the total cost 
of application of technology in 
relation to the effluent 
reduction benefits to be 
achieved.”  33 U. S. C. 
§1314(b)(1)(B). 

“Factors relating to the 
assessment of best conven-
tional pollutant control 
technology . . . shall include 
consideration of the reason-
ableness of the relationship 
between the costs of attaining
a reduction in effluents and 
the effluent reduction benefits 
derived.”  33 U. S. C. 
§1314(b)(4)(B). 

“Factors relating to the 
assessment of best available 
technology shall take into
account . . . the cost of achiev-
ing such effluent reduction.”  
33 U. S. C. §1314(b)(2)(B). 

BPT: 
“[E]ffluent limitations 
. . . which shall require 
the application of the 
best practicable control 
technology currently
available.”  33 U. S. C. 
§1311(b)(1)(A) (empha-
sis added). 

BCT: 
“[E]ffluent limitations 
. . . which shall require 
application of the best 
conventional pollutant 
control technology.”  33 
U. S. C. §1311(b)(2)(E) 
(emphasis added). 

BATEA: 
“[E]ffluent limitations 
. . . which . . . shall 
require application of 
the best available 
technology economically 
achievable . . . which 
will result in reasonable 
further progress toward
the national goal of
eliminating the dis-
charge of all pollut-
ants.”  33 U. S. C. 
§1311(b)(2)(A) (empha-
sis added).