Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf
Page Number: 11.0

Cite as:  600 U. S. ____ (2023) 

5 

Opinion of the Court 

  Just  like  the  other  services  she  provides,  the  wed-
ding websites Ms. Smith plans to create “will be ex-
pressive in nature.”  Id., at 187a. 

  Those wedding websites will be “customized and tai-
lored”  through  close  collaboration  with  individual 
couples, and they will “express Ms. Smith’s and 303 
Creative’s message celebrating and promoting” her
view of marriage.  Id., at 186a–187a. 

  Viewers of Ms. Smith’s websites “will know that the 
websites are [Ms. Smith’s and 303 Creative’s] origi-
nal artwork.”  Id., at 187a. 

  To the extent Ms. Smith may not be able to provide
certain services to a potential customer, “[t]here are 
numerous  companies  in  the  State  of  Colorado  and
across  the  nation  that  offer  custom  website  design
services.”  Id., at 190a. 

C 
Ultimately,  the  district  court  ruled  against  Ms.  Smith.
405  F. Supp.  3d  907,  912  (Colo.  2019).    So  did  the  Tenth 
Circuit.  6 F. 4th, at 1168.  For its part, the Tenth Circuit
held  that  Ms.  Smith  had  standing  to  sue.    In  that  court’s 
judgment, she had established a credible threat that, if she 
follows through on her plans to offer wedding website ser-
vices,  Colorado  will  invoke  CADA  to  force  her  to  create 
speech she does not believe or endorse.  Id., at 1172–1175. 
The court pointed to the fact that “Colorado has a history of 
past  enforcement  against  nearly  identical  conduct—i.e., 
Masterpiece Cakeshop”; that anyone in the State may file a
complaint  against  Ms.  Smith  and  initiate  “a  potentially 
burdensome  administrative  hearing”  process;  and  that 
“Colorado  [has]  decline[d]  to  disavow  future  enforcement”
proceedings against her.  Id., at 1174.  Before us, no party
challenges these conclusions.

Turning  to  the  merits,  however,  the  Tenth  Circuit  held
that  Ms.  Smith  was  not  entitled  to  the  injunction  she