Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/17pdf/16-980_f2q3.pdf
Page Number: 5.0

2 

HUSTED v. A. PHILIP RANDOLPH INSTITUTE 

Opinion of the Court 

I 
A 
  Like  other  States,  Ohio  requires  voters  to  reside  in  the 
district  in  which  they  vote.    Ohio  Rev.  Code  Ann. 
§3503.01(A) (West Supp. 2017); see National Conference of 
State  Legislatures,  Voting  by  Nonresidents  and  Non- 
citizens  (Feb.  27,  2015).    When  voters  move  out  of  that 
district,  they  become  ineligible  to  vote  there. 
  See 
§3503.01(A).  And since more than 10% of Americans move 
every year,1 deleting the names of those who have moved 
away is no small undertaking. 
  For  many  years,  Congress  left  it  up  to  the  States  to 
maintain  accurate  lists  of  those  eligible  to  vote  in  federal 
elections, but in 1993, with the enactment of the National 
Voter Registration Act (NVRA), Congress intervened.  The 
NVRA  “erect[s]  a  complex  superstructure  of  federal  regu-
lation  atop  state  voter-registration  systems.”    Arizona  v. 
Inter  Tribal  Council  of  Ariz.,  Inc.,  570  U. S.  1,  5  (2013).  
The Act has two main objectives: increasing voter registra-
tion and removing ineligible persons from the States’ voter 
registration  rolls.    See  §2,  107  Stat.  77,  52  U. S. C. 
§20501(b). 
  To achieve the latter goal, the NVRA requires States to 
“conduct a general program that makes a reasonable effort 
to  remove  the  names”  of  voters  who  are  ineligible  “by 
reason  of ”  death  or  change  in  residence.    §20507(a)(4).  

—————— 

1 United  States  Census  Bureau,  CB16–189,  Americans  Moving  at 
Historically  Low  Rates  (Nov.  16,  2016),  available  at  https://www. 
census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2016/cb16-189.html  (all  Internet 
materials  as  last  visited  June  8,  2018).    States  must  update  the  ad-
dresses of even those voters who move within their county of residence, 
for  (among  other  reasons)  counties  may  contain  multiple  voting  dis-
tricts.  Cf. post, at 12 (BREYER, J., dissenting).  For example, Cuyahoga 
County  contains  11  State  House  districts.    See  House  District  Map, 
Ohio  House  Districts  2012–2022,  online  at  http://www.ohiohouse.gov/ 
members/district-map.