Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/14pdf/13-534_19m2.pdf
Page Number: 36.0

Cite as:  574 U. S. ____ (2015) 

13 

ALITO, J., dissenting 

the  members  of  a  board  are  active  market  participants? 
The  answer  may  be  that  determining  when  regulatory 
capture  has  occurred  is  no  simple  task.  That  answer 
provides  a  reason  for  relieving  courts  from  the  obligation 
to  make  such  determinations  at  all.    It  does  not  explain 
why  it  is  appropriate  for  the  Court  to  adopt  the  rather 
crude  test  for  capture  that  constitutes  the  holding  of  to-
day’s decision. 

IV 
The  Court  has  created  a  new  standard  for  distinguish-
ing  between  private  and  state  actors  for  purposes  of  fed-
eral antitrust immunity.  This new standard is not true to 
the  Parker  doctrine;  it  diminishes  our  traditional  respect
for federalism and state sovereignty; and it will be difficult 
to apply.  I therefore respectfully dissent. 

—————— 

charged  that  the  FTC,  which  brought  this  case,  has  been  captured  by  

entities over which it has jurisdiction.  See E. Cox, “The Nader Report”
 
on the Federal Trade Commission vii–xiv (1969); Posner, Federal Trade
 
Commission, Chi. L. Rev. 47, 82–84 (1969).