Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/22pdf/21-376_7l48.pdf
Page Number: 81

Cite as:  599 U. S. ____ (2023) 

1 

KAVANAUGH, J., concurring 

SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES 

_________________ 

Nos. 21–376, 21–377, 21–378 and 21–380 
_________________ 

DEB HAALAND, SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR, 
ET AL., PETITIONERS 
v. 
CHAD EVERET BRACKEEN, ET AL. 

21–376 

21–377 

CHEROKEE NATION, ET AL., PETITIONERS 
v. 
CHAD EVERET BRACKEEN, ET AL. 

21–378 

TEXAS, PETITIONER 
v. 
DEB HAALAND, SECRETARY OF THE 
INTERIOR, ET AL. 

21–380 

CHAD EVERET BRACKEEN, ET AL., PETITIONERS 
v. 
DEB HAALAND, SECRETARY OF THE 
INTERIOR, ET AL. 

ON WRITS OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF 
APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT 

[June 15, 2023]

 JUSTICE KAVANAUGH, concurring. 
I  join  the  Court’s  opinion  in  full.  I  write  separately  to
emphasize that the Court today does not address or decide 
the equal protection issue that can arise when the Indian
Child  Welfare  Act  is  applied  in  individual  foster  care  or 
adoption  proceedings.  See  ante,  at  29,  32,  n. 10.    As  the 
Court  explains,  the  plaintiffs  in  this  federal-court  suit