Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/16pdf/16-1436_l6hc.pdf
Page Number: 4

4 

TRUMP v. INTERNATIONAL REFUGEE ASSISTANCE
PROJECT
 
Per Curiam
 

whatever  additional  procedures  are  necessary  “to  ensure
that individuals seeking admission as refugees do not pose
a threat” to national security.  Ibid. 

Fourth,  citing  the  President’s  determination  that  “the
entry  of  more  than  50,000  refugees  in  fiscal  year  2017 
would  be  detrimental  to  the  interests  of  the  United 
States,”  EO–2  “suspend[s]  any  entries  in  excess  of  that
number” for this fiscal year.  §6(b).

Finally,  §14  of  EO–2  establishes  the  order’s  effective

date: March 16, 2017. 

B 
Respondents  in  these  cases  filed  separate  lawsuits 
challenging EO–2.  As relevant, they argued that the order 
violates  the  Establishment  Clause  of  the  First  Amend-
ment because it was motivated not by concerns pertaining 
to  national  security,  but  by  animus  toward  Islam.    They
further  argued  that  EO–2  does  not  comply  with  certain
provisions  in  the  Immigration  and  Nationality  Act  (INA),
66 Stat. 187, as amended. 

In No. 16–1436, a Federal District Court concluded that 
respondents were likely to succeed on their Establishment 
Clause claim with respect to §2(c) of EO–2—the provision
temporarily  suspending  entry  from  six  countries—and
entered  a  nationwide  preliminary  injunction  barring  the 
Government  from  enforcing  §2(c)  against  any  foreign
national seeking entry to the United States.  International 
Refugee  Assistance  Project  v.  Trump,  ___  F. Supp.  3d  ___,
2017  WL  1018235  (D  Md.,  Mar.  16,  2017)  (IRAP).  The 
District  Court  in  No.  16–1540—likewise  relying  on  the 
Establishment  Clause—entered  a  broader  preliminary 
injunction:  The  court  enjoined  nationwide  enforcement  of 
all  of  §§2  and  6.    Hawaii  v.  Trump,  ___  F. Supp.  3d  ___, 
2017  WL  1167383  (D  Haw.,  Mar.  29,  2017)  (entering 
preliminary  injunction);  ___  F. Supp.  3d  ___,  2017  WL 
1011673  (D  Haw.,  Mar.  15,  2017)  (entering  temporary