Document ID: ./input/supremecourt_opinions/opinions/boundvolumes/524bv.pdf
Page Number: 466

524US2

Unit: $U93

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Cite as: 524 U. S. 417 (1998)

421

Opinion of the Court

and became effective on January 1, 1997. The following day,
six Members of Congress who had voted against the Act
brought suit in the District Court for the District of Colum-
bia challenging its constitutionality. On April 10, 1997, the
District Court entered an order holding that the Act is un-
In obedi-
constitutional. Byrd v. Raines, 956 F. Supp. 25.
ence to the statutory direction to allow a direct, expedited
appeal to this Court, see §§ 692(b)–(c), we promptly noted
probable jurisdiction and expedited review, 520 U. S. 1194
(1997). We determined, however, that the Members of Con-
gress did not have standing to sue because they had not “al-
leged a sufﬁciently concrete injury to have established Arti-
cle III standing,” Raines v. Byrd, 521 U. S. 811, 830 (1997);
thus, “[i]n . . . light of [the] overriding and time-honored con-
cern about keeping the Judiciary’s power within its proper
constitutional sphere,” id., at 820, we remanded the case to
the District Court with instructions to dismiss the complaint
for lack of jurisdiction.

Less than two months after our decision in that case, the
President exercised his authority to cancel one provision in
the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, Pub. L. 105–33, 111 Stat.
251, 515, and two provisions in the Taxpayer Relief Act of
1997, Pub. L. 105–34, 111 Stat. 788, 895–896, 990–993. Ap-
pellees, claiming that they had been injured by two of those
cancellations, ﬁled these cases in the District Court. That
Court again held the statute invalid, 985 F. Supp. 168, 177–
182 (1998), and we again expedited our review, 522 U. S. 1144
(1998). We now hold that these appellees have standing to
challenge the constitutionality of the Act and, reaching the
merits, we agree that the cancellation procedures set forth
in the Act violate the Presentment Clause, Art. I, § 7, cl. 2,
of the Constitution.

I

We begin by reviewing the canceled items that are at issue

in these cases.