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FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BD. FOR 
PUERTO RICO v. AURELIUS INVESTMENT, LLC 
Syllabus 

clusion in Palmore, a case decided after Congress had altered the na-
ture of the District of Columbia local courts so that its judges adjudi-
cated primarily local issues.  Pp. 17–21.

3. Given  the  conclusion  reached  here,  there  is  no  need  to  consider 
whether  to  overrule  the  “Insular  Cases”  and  their  progeny,  see,  e.g., 
Downes v. Bidwell, 182 U. S. 244, 287, to consider the application of 
the de facto officer doctrine, see Ryder v. United States, 515 U. S. 177, 
or to decide questions about the application of the Federal Relations
Act and Public Law 600.  Pp. 21–22. 

915 F. 3d 838, reversed and remanded.

 BREYER, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which ROBERTS, C. J., 
and  GINSBURG, ALITO, KAGAN, GORSUCH,  and  KAVANAUGH,  JJ.,  joined. 
THOMAS,  J.,  and  SOTOMAYOR,  J.,  filed  opinions  concurring  in  the  judg-
ment.