Patent Abstract:
a composition of probiotics , vitamins and minerals , electrolytes with glutamine and glucose along with medium chain triglycerides are provided as a supplement to animals . this is administered to cattle , calves , sheep , pigs , horses , dogs , and cats that are experiencing stress and or are undergoing medical drug therapy to treat conditions of diseases along with pre and post operative surgical conditions . the composition helps correct imbalances in beneficial bacteria , provides energy and helps in rehydration to reduce recovery time from stress or in disease treatment in these animals .

Detailed Description:
the nutritive compositions for the present invention are a novel combination of probiotics , prebiotics , glutamine , glucose , glycine electrolytes , vitamins and minerals . these ingredients in combination have a prophylactic and therapeutic effect in maintaining and enhancing gastrointestinal microflora , the rehydration status , energy balance and the immune system . a healthy intestinal environment will enhance the overall health of the mammal since many diseases , no matter what part of the body they manifest themselves , actually start in the gi tract . the nutritive supplement compositions of the present invention contain ingredients in a form that is bioavailable and thus accomplish their important nutritive functions . the nutritive compositions of the present invention function as source of growth and energy factors for the repair and growth of healthy intestinal tissue and cells found in the immune system . these compositions are understood to contain components that enhance the probiotic colonization of the intestinal tracts of animals . there are a variety of probiotic microorganisms , which are suitable for use in this invention including yeast , such as saccharomyces and bacteria such as the genera bifidobacterium , enterococcus , and lactobacillus . the invention is not , however limited to these particular organisms . the person skilled in the art would understand and recognize those microorganisms , which may be included in the composition of the invention . the preferred form for the probiotic composition in this invention for any animal species is to use species of microorganisms that normally inhabit the gut of that particular animal species . for example , in a preferred form the probiotic composition for cattle and calves are selected from enterococcus and lactobacillus species . in a preferred probiotic composition for dogs and cats is lactobacillus species include but not limited to lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantrum , lactobacillus casei and enterococcus species include enterococcus faecium . the preferred probiotic composition for horses includes but not limited to lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantrum , lactobacillus casei and enterococcus faecium . the preferred probiotic composition for pigs is lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantrum , lactobacillus casei and enterococcus faecium . the preferred probiotic composition for sheep is lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantrum , lactobacillus casei and enterococcus faecium . the probiotics are administered at doses of 10 7 to 10 11 colony forming units ( cfu ) per day . the use of inulin or other prebiotic components help enhance the survival rate of the probiotics in the gut of the animal by adding a source of energy specifically designed for the probiotic . this maintains the vitality of the probiotic itself but can have other synergistic and protective effects in the animal when used in combination with a probiotic . the use of prebiotics such as inulin and fructo - oligosaccharides have shown positive effects on the microflora balance in dogs , cats and other animal species and can also help stimulate the immune system . the use of prebiotics like inulin will be quite beneficial to both the probiotic and the animal as well . fructo - oligosaccharides suitable for the present invention may include any fructo - oligosaccharide available for consumption . preferably the fructo - oligosaccharide may be selected from inulin or soy fructo - oligosaccharide . it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art , however , that other oligosaccharides would also be suitable for inclusion . this would include oligosaccharides including galacto -, malto -, isomalto -, gentio -, xylo -, palantinose -, chito -, agaro -, neoagaro -, alpha -, beta -, gluco -, cyclo - inulo -, glycosylsucrose , lactulose , lactosucrose and xylsucrose . the oligosaccharide can be used in the compositions from concentrations of about 0 . 01 to 10 % ( w / w ). the administration of electrolytes such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride with water is well established to promote rehydration in all animals that have become dehydrated due to scours and diarrhea or from other stress generating situations . the use of glucose or glycine has been proven to promote modest amounts of sodium uptake the animal . however it has been found that glutamine promotes even more effective sodium uptake in a number of animals including pigs and calves . the beneficial effects of glutamine for sodium uptake are even more pronounced by working synergistically in the presence of additional glucose or glycine . the advantages of glutamine to promote sodium uptake in oral rehydration solutions in calves has previously been the subject of an approved patent . preferably the concentration of sodium per dose for animals is from 5 mg to 100 mg / kilogram of body weight . preferably the concentration of potassium is from 5 mg to 100 mg / kilogram of body weight . the preferable concentration per dose of glucose is from 10 to 50 grams / kilogram of body weight . the preferable concentration of glycine is 66 mg to 264 mg / kilogram of body weight . the preferable concentration of glutamine is from 44 mg to 100 mg grams / kilogram of body weight . there are other advantages of glutamine in this invention . glutamine has been shown to increase intestinal villus height , stimulate gut mucosal proliferation or maintain mucosal integrity in a number of animal species including cattle , horses , pigs , sheep , and dogs . glutamine provision can protect the gi tract and help repair the gi tract in times of stress for animals . as the gi tract becomes repaired or protected from stress , the ability of the gut will be improved to maintain normal digestive functions . the improved ability of the gi tract to digest food will lead to faster recovery times in during times of stress , whatever the cause may be . this will be become quite beneficial to the overall health of the animal . this invention utilizes a comprehensive approach to supplying energy to the stressed animal . glutamine is the major energy source for the intestinal epithelium , which helps account for some of its important and beneficial actions in the gi tract . however , the other sources of energy come from carbohydrates and fatty acids that help animals quickly regain the energy lost in stress generating situations . this invention uses glucose to help quickly put energy back into stressed animals . glucose is a simple carbohydrate that animals can quickly and efficiently absorb and utilize to generate atp required by the animal to carry out biochemical functions . another source of energy that this invention uses is from medium chain triglycerides . medium chain triglycerides have an important advantage compared to carbohydrates for atp production in that considerably more energy is made per molecule . mcts can provide twice as much energy compared to carbohydrate metabolism . mct administration has been shown to be beneficial in cattle , calves , dogs and other animal species for readily supplying required energy . this invention will utilize the three sources of energy that nature uses to provide a more balance approach to providing stressed animals required energy . the fatty acids found in the medium chain triglycerides that are preferred in this invention are from 8 to 10 carbon chains in length . the preferable concentration of mct in this composition is from 100 mg to 600 mg / kilogram bodyweight . this invention uses glutamine , vitamins and minerals to help stimulate the immune system . glutamine is known to be required rapidly in dividing cells of the immune system and help reinforce the immune system . under times of stress , a loss of available glutamine occurs in the animal even as the immune system attempts to respond rapidly . provision of glutamine in this invention will be beneficial to the immune system by supplementing the requirements of the stressed animal for additional glutamine . this additional glutamine has been shown to be beneficial to cattle , rats , humans , dogs and other species in many types of stress situations . this invention also uses vitamins to help stimulate the immune system . the use of vitamin a , vitamin e , and folic acid are known make the immune system work in an optimal manner . deficiencies of vitamin a in animals will lead to degeneration of the mucosa while deficiencies of vitamin e can lead to muscular dystrophy . deficiencies of folic acid can lead to a reduction in red cell production and subsequent anemias . deficiencies of vitamin d can lead to problems in absorbing calcium . provision of vitamins a , d 3 and e along with folic acid will benefit stressed animals by enhanced cell - mediated and humoral immune responses and better gi tract maintenance . the per dose preferred concentration for vitamin a is from 50 - 300 iu / kilogram bodyweight ; for vitamin e 0 . 5 iu / kilogram and folic acid is from 0 . 5 to 2 iu / kilogram bodyweight . the preferred concentration of vitamin d 3 is from 5 - 30 iu / kilogram . minerals play important roles in many biochemical functions in the body . deficiencies of minerals can lead to problems in the immune system . however supplementation of zinc and copper can help correct these problems . as absorption of chelated minerals to amino acids or other substances is enhanced , this invention uses chelated minerals . this invention uses chelated copper , zinc , and manganese to benefit the immune system . the preferred concentration of copper is from 0 . 1 mg to 2 mg / kilogram ; for zinc is from 100 mg to 300 mg / kilogram ; and for manganese is from 0 . 05 mg to 0 . 2 mg / kilogram . the synergistic effects of adding the additional components of glutamine with electrolytes , the energy sources of glucose with medium chain triglycerides , and vitamins with minerals will further increase the chances of the animal to gain lost weight and have shorter recovery times . this will result in significant additional profits to animal owners because of the cost effectiveness of this product should result in at least a 3 : 1 ratio in benefit returned to cost of use . i . a typical formulation for adult cattle is : glycine 1000 mg glutamine 100 mg sodium ( min ) 3 . 5 % sodium ( max ) 3 . 8 % potassium 250 mg vitamin a 5 , 000 iu vitamin d 3 750 iu vitamin e 75 iu glucose 3000 mg zinc 90 mg inulin 2000 mg lactic acid bacteria 1 49 million cfu 1consisting of a combination of enterococcus faecium , lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei . 1 consisting of a combination of enterococcus faecium , lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei . 1 consisting of a combination of enterococcus faecium , lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei . 1 consisting of a combination of enterococcus faecium , lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei . 1 consisting of a combination of enterococcus faecium , lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei . vi . a typical formulation for pigs is : glycine 20 mg glutamine 100 mg mct fatty acids 11 . 4 % sodium ( min ) 5 . 0 % sodium ( max ) 5 . 75 % potassium 2 . 0 % magnesium 1 . 8 % vitamin a 20 , 000 iu vitamin e 200 iu thiamine hcl 500 mg pyridoxine hcl 400 mg glucose 8000 mg zinc 90 mg lactic acid bacteria 1 300 million cfu 1 consisting of a combination of enterococcus faecium , lactobacillus acidophilus , lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus casei . the delivery system for calves and adult cattle are in the form of “ boluses ”. electrolytes and energy will be packaged in one bolus and the direct fed microbials will be provided in the second bolus . to differentiate the products , the boluses will be color - coded . “ electrolytes and energy bolus ” will be “ pink ” in color and the “ direct fed microbial ” bolus will be “ white ” in color . one pink and one white bolus make “ one dose ” or “ one feeding ”. the delivery system for dogs and cats will be in the form of “ chewable tablets ”. electrolytes and energy will be packaged in one tablet and the direct fed microbials will be provided in the second tablet . in order to differentiate the products the tablets will be of different “ shapes ”. “ electrolytes and energy tablet ” will be “ square ” in shape and the “ direct fed microbial ” bolus will be “ round ” in shape . one round and one square tablet will make “ one dose ” or “ one feeding ”. in order to make the tablet palatable the product will be made with liver and fish flavor . the delivery system for horse will be in the form of a “ non - aqueous gel ”. electrolytes , energy and direct fed microbials will be delivered in an oil based gel along with preservatives and stabilizers . the product will be packaged in multi - 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