Patent Abstract:
A high-span anchoring system is described for a cavity wall incorporating a wall reinforcement combined with a wall tie which together serve a wall construct having a larger-than-normal cavity. Further the various embodiments combine wire formatives which are compressively reduced in height by the cold-working thereof. Among the embodiments is a veneer anchoring system with a low-profile wall tie for use in a heavily insulated wall. The compressively reduced in height wall anchors protrude into the cavity through the seams, between insulation strips, which seams seal thereabout and maintain the integrity of the insulation by minimizing air leakage. Further, the eye wires extend across the insulation into the cavity between the wythes, and each accommodates the threading thereinto of a wire facing anchor or wall tie with either a pintle inserted through the eye or the open end of the veneer tie. The veneer tie is then positioned so that the insertion end is embedded in the facing wall. The close control of overall heights permits the mortar of the bed joints to flow over and about the wall reinforcement and wall tie combination inserted in the inner wythe and insertion end of the wall in the outer wythe. Because the wire formatives hereof employ extra strong material and benefit from the cold-working of the metal alloys, the high-span anchoring system meets the unusual requirements demanded thereof.

Full Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to an improved reinforcement structure for cavity walls, and, more particularly, to combined wall anchors and reinforcement trusses or ladders that utilize true-joints to fuse together the components under high heat and high pressure. The resultant anchoring systems meet high flatness requirements facilitating the formation of uniform mortar bed joints. This avoids stackup tolerances and reduces the cutting of blocks to fit within the height requirements. The flatness of the combined wall reinforcement and wall anchor enables the mason to more easily maintain the verticality of the wall. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Recently, special attention has been drawn to products that not only improve a mason&#39;s productivity, but also aid in straighter joint lines and ultimately better looking buildings. Among these products are cavity wall anchoring systems that tie together backup walls and facing veneers. While the backup walls or inner wythes may be masonry blocks, dry wall construction or poured concrete, this invention provides several examples of true jointed wall reinforcements and wall anchors for use with masonry black backup walls. 
     To date, numerous anchoring devices for insertion in bed joints of the backup walls have been marketed. In the main, each of these devices have a portion thereof or a separate interengaging component that is inserted in a corresponding bed joint of the facing veneer. Backup walls of masonry blocks also have a requirement that joint reinforcement be used. Standards in the construction industry have evolved to include a masonry joint reinforcement standard, namely, ASTM Standard Specification A 951-00  which describes joint reinforcement fabricated from cold drawn steel wire. As the production of better looking buildings requires uniformity in laying up the inner and the outer wythe, the competition for bed joint space between reinforcement materials and anchoring devices needs to be resolved in a manner satisfactory to the mason. 
     Over the past forty years there has been growing acceptance of wire formatives not only for wall reinforcements, but also for wall anchors and veneer anchors. It has become increasingly common to look toward a 0.375-inch high bed joint in both the inner wythe and the outer wythe. To maintain uniform joints, masons look toward mortar coverage above the reinforcement and wall anchor combination so that successive blocks are supported by the mortar layer and not by the wire formative. This enables the mason to adjust the placement of the block to maintain uniformity. 
     In the past, the use of wire formatives have been limited by the mortar layer thicknesses which, in turn are dictated either by the new building specifications or by pre-existing conditions, e.g. matching during renovations or additions the existing mortar layer thickness. While arguments have been made for increasing the number of the fine-wire anchors per unit area of the facing layer, architects and architectural engineers have favored wire formative anchors of sturdier wire. On the other hand, contractors find that heavy wire anchors, with diameters approaching the mortar layer height specification, frequently result in misalignment. Thus, these contractors look towards substituting thinner gage wire formatives which result in easier alignment of courses of block. 
     In the past, there have been investigations relating to the effects of various forces, particularly lateral forces, upon brick veneer construction having wire formative anchors embedded in the mortar joint of anchored veneer walls. The seismic aspect of these investigations were referenced in the first-named inventor&#39;s prior patents, namely, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,875,319 and 5,408,798. Besides earthquake protection, the failure of several high-rise buildings to withstand wind and other lateral forces has resulted in the incorporation of a requirement for continuous wire reinforcement in the Uniform Building Code provisions. The first-named inventor&#39;s related Seismiclip R  and DW-10-X R  products (manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788) have become widely accepted in the industry. The use of a wire formative anchors in masonry veneer walls has also demonstrated protectiveness against problems arising from thermal expansion and contraction and has improved the uniformity of the distribution of lateral forces in a structure. However, these investigations do not address the mortar layer thickness vs. the wire diameter of the wire formative or technical problems arising therefrom. 
     In the course of preparing this disclosure several patents became known to the inventors hereof. The following patents are believed to be relevant and are discussed further as to the significance thereof: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Patent 
                 Inventor 
                 Issue Date 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 3,377,764 
                 Storch 
                 Apr. 16, 1968 
               
               
                   
                 4,021,990 
                 Schwalberg 
                 May 10, 1977 
               
               
                   
                 4,373,314 
                 Allan 
                 Feb. 15, 1983 
               
               
                   
                 4,473,984 
                 Lopez 
                 Oct. 02, 1984 
               
               
                   
                 4,869,038 
                 Catani 
                 Sep. 26, 1989 
               
               
                   
                 4,875,319 
                 Hohmann 
                 Oct. 24, 1989 
               
               
                   
                 5,392,581 
                 Hatzinikolas et al. 
                 Feb. 28, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,408,798 
                 Hohmann 
                 Apr. 25, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,454,200 
                 Hohmann 
                 Oct. 03, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,456,052 
                 Anderson et al. 
                 Oct. 10, 1995 
               
               
                   
                 5,816,008 
                 Hohmann 
                 Oct. 15, 1998 
               
               
                   
                 6,209,281 
                 Rice 
                 Apr. 03, 2001 
               
               
                   
                 6,279,283 
                 Hohmann et al. 
                 Aug. 28, 2001 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     It is noted that with some exceptions these devices are generally descriptive of wire-to-wire anchors and wall ties and have various cooperative functional relationships with straight wire runs embedded in the interior and/or exterior wythe. Several of the prior art items are of the pintle and eyelet/loop variety. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,764—D. Storch—Issued Apr. 16, 1968 
     Discloses a bent wire, tie-type anchor for embedment in a facing exterior wythe engaging with a loop attached to a straight wire run in a backup interior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,021,990—B. J. Schwalberg—Issued May 10, 1977 
     Discloses a dry wall construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Like Storch &#39;764, the wall tie is embedded in the exterior wythe and is not attached to a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,314—J. A. Allan—Issued Feb. 15, 1983 
     Discloses a vertical angle iron with one leg adapted for attachment to a stud; and the other having elongated slots to accommodate wall ties. Insulation is applied between projecting vertical legs of adjacent angle irons with slots being spaced away from the stud to, avoid the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4.473,984—Lopez—Issued Oct. 2, 1984 
     Discloses a curtain-wall masonry anchor system wherein a wall tie is attached to the inner wythe by a self-tapping screw to a metal stud and to the outer wythe by embedment in a corresponding bed joint. The stud is applied through a hole cut into the insulation. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,038—M. J. Catani—Issued 091/26/89 
     Discloses a veneer wall anchor system having in the interior wythe a truss-type anchor, similar to Hala et al. &#39;226, supra, but with horizontal sheetmetal extensions. The extensions are interlocked with bent wire pintle-type wall ties that are embedded within the exterior wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,879,319—R. Hohmann—Issued Oct. 24, 1989 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for anchoring a facing veneer to wallboard/metal stud construction with a pronged sheet-metal anchor. Wall tie is distinguished over that of Schwalberg &#39;990 and is clipped onto a straight wire run. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,392,581—Hatzinikolas et al.—Issued Feb. 28, 1995 
     Discloses a cavity-wall anchor having a conventional tie wire for mounting in the brick veneer and an L-shaped sheetmetal bracket for mounting vertically between side-by-side blocks and horizontally on atop a course of blocks. The bracket has a slit which is vertically disposed and protrudes into the cavity. The slit provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,408,798—Hohmann—Issued Apr. 25, 1995 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,454,200—Issued Oct. 3, 1995 
     Discloses a seismic construction system for a cavity wall having a masonry anchor, a wall tie, and a facing anchor. Sealed eye wires extend into the cavity and wire wall ties are threaded therethrough with the open ends thereof embedded with a Hohmann &#39;319 (see supra) clip in the mortar layer of the brick veneer. The Hohmann &#39;200 patent is noted for the positive interengagement of the veneer anchor with the insertion end thereof sealed in the bed joint of the outer wythe. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,456,052—Anderson et al.—Issued Oct. 10, 1995 
     Discloses a two-part masonry brick tie, the first part being designed to be installed in the inner wythe and then, later when the brick veneer is erected to be interconnected by the second part. Both parts are constructed from sheetmetal and are arranged on substantially the same horizontal plane. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,816,008—Hohmann—Issued Oct. 15, 1998 
     Discloses a brick veneer anchor primarily for use with a cavity wall with a drywall inner wythe. The device combines an L-shaped plate for mounting on the metal stud of the drywall and extending into the cavity with a T-head bent stay. After interengagement with the L-shaped plate the free end of the bent stay is embedded in the corresponding bed joint of the veneer. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,209,281—Rice—Issued Apr. 3, 2001 
     Discloses a masonry anchor having a conventional tie wire for mounting in the brick veneer and sheetmetal bracket for mounting on the metal-stud-supported drywall. The bracket has a slit which is vertically disposed when the bracket is mounted on the metal stud and, in application, protrudes through the drywall into the cavity. The slit provides for a vertically adjustable anchor. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283—Hohmann et al.—Issued Aug. 28, 2601 
     Discloses a low-profile wall tie primarily for use in renovation construction where in order to match existing mortar height in the facing wythe a compressed wall tie is embedded in the bed joint of the brick veneer. 
     None of the above provide the masonry cavity wall construction system for an inner masonry wythe and an outer facing wythe with high-span anchoring wire formatives as described hereinbelow. 
     SUMMARY 
     In general terms, the invention disclosed hereby includes an anchoring system for a cavity wall. The embodiments described hereinbelow all utilize true-joint construction to reduce the height of wall reinforcement and wall anchor combinations, and thereby enable the erection of masonry block backup walls with highly uniform bed joint thicknesses and readily maintained verticality. Both the wall reinforcement and the wall anchor are wire formative elements and the elements, upon being joined, are fused together under heat and pressure. To accomplish this, the combined finished height of the assemblage of the wall reinforcement and wall anchor is limited to no greater than the diameter of wire used to form the wall anchor. By using the technique presented hereinbelow, ample mortar coverage is provided which, in turn, contributes to the accuracy of construction. 
     The embodiment of the invention disclosed hereby include a veneer anchoring system incorporating a swaged, double loop lock wall anchor in combination with a swaged, ladder-type wall reinforcement for use in the construction of a wall having an inner wythe with strips of insulation attached thereto. The seams between the strips of insulation are coplanar with the inner wythe bed joints. The compressively reduced in height wall anchors protrude into the cavity through the seams, which seams seal thereabout so as to maintain the integrity of the insulation and minimize air leakage along the wall anchors. In a second embodiment, wherein a truss-type wall reinforcement is used with a horizontal eye and pintle interengaging veneer anchor only the wall reinforcement is swaged. The invention contemplates that some components of the system are as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,408,798; 5,454,200; and 6,279,283 and that the wire formatives hereof provide a positive interlocking connection therebetween specific for the requirements created by this true-joint application. 
     In the third embodiment of the invention, a box ladder-type wall reinforcement is used with a masonry block corner wythe. Here, the wall reinforcement has cross rods forming a T-head that extends into the cavity. The cross rods extend across the insulation into the cavity between the wythes. Each pair of cross rods is formed into a T-head to accommodate the threading thereinto of a wire formative veneer anchor of a bent box configuration inserted through the opening in the wall anchor. The veneer anchor is then positioned so that the insertion end is embedded in the facing wall. Wall anchors that are of limited height are described as being mounted in bed joints of the inner wythes. The close control of overall heights permits the mortar of the bed joints to flow over and about the wall reinforcement and wall anchor combination inserted in the inner wythe and insertion end of the veneer anchor in the outer wythe. The wire formatives hereof enable the anchoring system to meet the unusual requirements demanded. 
     OBJECTS AND FEATURES OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide in a wall structure having a cavity formed by an outer wythe and an inner wythe, an anchoring system which employs true-joint wire formatives in the mortar joint of the inner wythe and is positively interconnected with a veneer tie inserted into the outer wythe. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide labor-saving devices combining wall reinforcements and wall anchors to aid in the installation of inner wythe structures and providing for the securement thereto of facing veneers. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide through utilizing true-joint techniques an anchoring system of low height and high flatness for wall reinforcement of the inner wythe. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system comprising a limited number of component parts that are economical of manufacture resulting in a relatively low unit cost. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an anchoring system which is easy to install and which meets seismic and shear resistance requirements. 
     It is a feature of the present invention that the flatness of the combined wall reinforcements and wall anchors facilitates obtaining uniform mortar layer thicknesses throughout the structure and improves the overall quality and trueness thereof. 
     It is another feature of the present invention that the veneer anchor and the combined wall tie reinforcement and wall anchor are dimensioned with a sufficiently low height so that, when inserted into the respective mortar layers, the mortar thereof can flow around the insertions end thereof to form a stronger wall structure. 
     It is yet another feature of the present invention that a true-joint is employed to combine the wall reinforcement and the wall anchor. 
     Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent upon review of the drawing and the detailed description which follows. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       In the following drawings, the same parts in the various views are afforded the same reference designators. 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a first embodiment of an anchoring system for a cavity wall of this invention and shows a wall having an inner wythe of masonry block with insulation thereon and an outer wythe of brick; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of  FIG. 1  showing the relationship among wall reinforcement thereof, the extended interlocking wall anchor, and, the box-type veneer anchor; 
         FIG. 3  is a partial perspective view from above of the wall reinforcement of  FIG. 1  showing the swaged indentations thereof; 
         FIG. 4  is a partial perspective view from below of the, wall anchor of  FIG. 1  showing the swaged indentations thereof corresponding to those of the wall reinforcement; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a anchoring system for a cavity wall, similar to  FIG. 1 , but employing a truss mesh reinforcement in the inner wythe, a horizontal eye wall anchor, and a rectangular pintle veneer anchor; 
         FIG. 6  is a partial perspective view of  FIG. 5  showing a portion of the wall reinforcement, the wall anchor and the veneer anchor; 
         FIG. 7  is a partial perspective view of  FIG. 6  showing the wall reinforcement of FIG.  5  and the swaged indentations thereof corresponding to the attachment sites of the wall anchor; 
         FIG. 8  is a partial perspective view of a third embodiment of an anchoring system for a cavity wall similar to  FIG. 1 , but employing a T-head, ladder-box mesh combined wall reinforcement and wall anchor in the inner wythe and a bent-box anchor in the outer wythe; and, 
         FIG. 9  a partial perspective view of  FIG. 8  showing a portion of the wall reinforcement, the wall anchor and the veneer anchor in relation to the cavity and the insulation therein. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Before entering into the detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments, several terms are while specifications may vary from one building to another, the bed joints are typically 0.375-inch (approx.) in height, defined, which terms will be revisited later, when some relevant analytical issues are discussed. For the purposes of this disclosure a true joint is defined as a juncture between two wire formatives wherein the elements are fusibly and interlockingly joined under heat and pressure. To improve the interlocking aspect of the joint one or both of the elements to be joined are cold-worked by swaging indentations therein which indentations receive a wire formative therewithin. The true joint of this invention also results in a juncture which is limited in height to be no greater than the diameter of the largest of the wire formatives. 
     Another term defined for purposes of this application is wall reinforcement. A wall reinforcement is a continuous length of Lox All® Truss Mesh or Lox All® Ladder Mesh manufactured by Hohmann &amp; Barnard, Inc., Hauppauge, N.Y. 11788 or equivalent adapted for embedment into the horizontal mortar joints of masonry walls. The wall reinforcements are prefabricated from cold-drawn steel wire and have parallel side rods with butt welded cross rods or truss components. The wall reinforcements for true-joint anchoring systems are generally structured from 0.148- or 0.187-inch wire that complies with ASTM Specification A 951-00. The longitudinal wires of wall reinforcements are fabricated from steel, Type 304 SS, ASTM Specification A 580/A 580M, and are deformed to have a knurled surface therearound. When corrosion protection is specified, the wall reinforcement is provided with a mill or hot-dip galvanized finish, ASTM Specification A 641/A 641M or ASTM Specification A153/A 153M, respectively. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 1 through 4 , the first embodiment of a true-joint anchoring system for a cavity wall is now discussed in detail. For the first embodiment, a cavity wall having an insulative layer of 2 inches (approx.) and a total span of 3½inches (approx.) is chosen as exemplary. The anchoring system is referred to generally by the numeral  10 . A cavity wall structure  12  is shown having an inner wythe  14  of masonry blocks  16  and an outer wythe  18  of facing brick  20 . Between the inner wythe  14  and the outer wythe  18 , a cavity  22  is formed. 
     The cavity  22  is insulated with strips of insulation  23  attached to the exterior surface  24  of the inner wythe  14  and having seams  25  between adjacent strips  23  coplanar with adjacent bed joints  26  and  28 . Successive bed joints  26  and  28  are formed between courses of blocks  16 . The bed joints  26  and  28  are substantially planar and horizontally disposed and, while specifications may vary from one building to another, the bed joints are typically 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Also, successive bed joints  30  and  32  are formed between courses of bricks  20  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Here again, while specifications may vary from one building to another, the bed joints are typically 0.375-inch (approx.) in height. Selected bed joint  26  and bed joint  30  are constructed to be interconnected utilizing the construct hereof. 
     For purposes of discussion, the cavity surface  24  of the inner wythe  14  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  34  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  36 . A horizontal line or z-axis  38  also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. A wall anchor  40  is shown which has an insulation-spanning portion  42 . Wall anchor  40  is a wire formative tie which is constructed for embedment in bed joint  26  and an interconnecting with veneer anchor  44 . 
     The masonry or wall anchor  40  is adapted from one shown and described in Hohmann, U.S. Pat. No. 5,454,200, which patent is incorporated herein by reference. The wall anchor  40  is shown in  FIG. 1  as being emplaced on a course of blocks  16  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  26 . In this embodiment, the system includes a ladder-type wall reinforcement  46 , a wall anchor  40  and a veneer anchor  44 . The wall reinforcement  46  is constructed of a wire formative with two parallel continuous straight, side wires  48  and  50  spaced so as, upon installation, to each be centered along the outer walls of the masonry blocks  16 . An intermediate wire body or a plurality of cross rods  52  are interposed therebetween and connect wire members  48  and  50  forming rung-like portions of the ladder-type reinforcement  46 . 
     At intervals along the ladder-type reinforcement  46 , spaced pairs of transverse wire members  54  are attached thereto and are attached to each other by a rear leg  56  therebetween. These pairs of wire members  54  extend into the cavity  22 . The spacing therebetween limits the x-axis movement of the construct. Each transverse wire member  54  has at the end opposite the attachment end, an eye wire portion  58  formed continuous therewith. Upon installation, the eye  60  of eye wire portion  58  is constructed to be within a substantially vertical plane normal to exterior surface  24 . The eye or veneer anchor receptor  60  is elongated vertically and accepts a veneer anchor threadedly therethrough. The anchor extends from eye  60 , across the cavity  22 , and into bed joint  30 . The eye  60  is slightly wider than the wire diameter of the veneer anchor. This dimensional relationship minimizes the z-axis movement of the construct. For positive engagement, the eye  60  of eye wire portion  58  is sealed to form a closed loop. 
     The veneer anchor or box tie  44 ,  FIGS. 1 and 2 , is, when viewed from a top or bottom elevation, generally rectangular in shape and is a basically planar body. The veneer anchor  44  is dimensioned to be accommodated by a pair of eye wire portions  58  described, supra. The veneer anchor  44  has a rear leg portion  62 , two parallel side leg portions  64  and  66 , which are contiguous and attached to the rear leg portion  62  at one end thereof, and two front leg portions  68  and  70 . To facilitate installation, the front leg portions  68  and  70  are spaced apart at least by the diameter of the eye wire member  58 . The longitudinal axes of leg portions  68  and  70  and the longitudinal axes of the contiguous portions of the side leg portions  64  and  66  are substantially coplanar. The side leg portions  64  and  66  are structured to function cooperatively with the spacing of transverse wire members  54  to limit the x-axis movement of the construct. The veneer anchor  44  is constructed so that with insertion through eye  60 , the misalignment tolerated is approximately one-half the vertical spacing between adjacent bed joints of the facing brick course. As will be described in more detail hereinbelow, the insertion portion  72  of veneer anchor  44  is considerably compressed with the vertical height being reduced. Upon compression, a pattern or corrugation  76  is impressed. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 3 and 4  details of the wall reinforcement and wall anchor of the above-described arrangement of wire formatives are shown. For the true joint, swaged into side wire  48  of wall reinforcement  46  are indentations  78  and  80  at attachment sites  82  and  84 , respectively; and into cross rod  52 , indentation  86  at attachment site  88 . In this embodiment, there are corresponding swaged indentations  90  and  92  in the pair of transverse wire members  54  at attachment sites  82  and  84 , respectively; and indentation  94  at attachment site  88 . 
     During assembly, the two components—the wall anchor  40  and the wall reinforcement  46 —are fusibly joined at attachment sites  82 ,  84  and  88  under heat and pressure. Upon assembly, the true joints at the attachment sites  82 ,  84  and  88  have a height no greater than the diameter of the wire of wall anchor  40 . Thus, for example, if the 0.187-inch diameter wire is employed for all components, upon insertion of the assemblage into bed joint  26  an equal height of mortar (as best seen in  FIG. 2 ) would surround the wall reinforcement  46  and the insertion end of the wall anchor  40 . Similarly because of the flatness of the combined wall reinforcement and wall anchor assemblage, the ability to maintain verticality of the inner wythe is enhanced. 
     During the cold working of system components in addition to the swaged indentations, the insertion end of anchor  44  and the insulation-spanning portion  42  of wall anchor  40  are compressively reduced in height. As described in a prior patent of the present inventors, namely, Hohmann et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283, the insertion ends of the veneer anchor is, upon cold-forming, optionally impressed with a pattern on the mortar-contacting surfaces. For this application, while several patterns—corrugated, diamond and cellular—are discussed in the patent, only the corrugated pattern is employed. The ridges and valleys of the corrugations are shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  and are impressed so that, upon installation, the corrugations are parallel to the x-axis. 
     The cavity, as previously mentioned, has an insulation layer  23  which is shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . The successive insulation strips  23  when in an abutting relationship the one with the other are sufficiently resilient to seal at seam  25  without air leakage therebetween. As the extended insulation-spanning portions  42  of wall anchor  40  are flattened, there is minimal interference with seal at seam  25 . 
     The description which follows is of a second embodiment of the true-joint anchoring systems of this invention. For ease of comprehension, where similar parts are used reference designators “100” units higher are employed. Thus, the veneer anchor  144  of the second embodiment is analogous to the veneer anchor  44  of the first embodiment. Referring now to  FIGS. 5 through 7 , the second embodiment of an anchoring system of this invention is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  110 . As in the first embodiment, a wall structure  112  is shown having an inner wythe  114  of masonry blocks  116  and an outer wythe  118  of facing brick  120 . Between the inner wythe  114  and the outer wythe  118 , a cavity  122 , is formed having an exterior surface  124 . Successive bed joints  126  and  128  are formed between courses of blocks  116  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints  130  and  132  are formed between courses of bricks  120  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Selected bed joint  126  and bed joint  130  are constructed to be interconnected utilizing the construct hereof. While specifications may vary from one building to another, the bed joints hereof are typically 0.375 inch (approx.) in height. 
     For purposes of discussion, the exterior surface  124  of the interior wythe  114  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  134  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  136 . A horizontal line or z-axis  138  normal to the xy-plane also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. 
     The wall anchor  140  is shown in  FIG. 6  as having side wires  142  for interconnection with veneer anchor  144  and further is shown as being emplaced on a course of blocks  116  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joint  126 . In this embodiment, a truss-type wall reinforcement  146  is constructed of a wire formative with two parallel continuous straight side wire members  148  and  150  spaced so as, upon installation, to each be centered along the outer walls of the masonry blocks  116 . An intermediate wire body  152  is interposed therebetween and connect wire members  148  and  150  separating and connecting side wires  148  and  150  of wall reinforcement  146 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 5 ,  6  and  7 , at intervals along the truss-type reinforcement  146 , spaced pairs of transverse wire members  154  are attached thereto and are attached to each other by a rear leg  156  therebetween. These pairs of wire members  154  extend into the cavity  122 . Each transverse wire member  154  has at the end opposite the attachment end an eye wire portion  158  formed continuous therewith. Upon installation, the eyes  160  of eye wire portion  158  are constructed to be within a substantially horizontal xz-plane normal to exterior surface  124 . The eyes  160  are horizontally aligned to accept the pintles of a veneer anchor  144  threaded therethrough. The eyes  160  are slightly larger than the diameter of the pintles, which dimensional relationship restricts the movement of the construct in the xz-plane. For ensuring engagement, the pintles of veneer anchor  144  are available in a variety of lengths to accommodate the misalignment, if any, of for example bed joint  126  with bed joint  130 . 
     The veneer anchor  144  is, when viewed from a top or bottom elevation, generally U-shaped. The veneer anchor  144  is dimensioned to be accommodated by a pair of eye wire portions  158  described, supra. The veneer anchor  144  has two rear leg portions or pintles  162  and  164 , two substantially parallel side leg portions  166  and  168 , which are substantially at right angles and attached to the rear leg portions  162  and  164 , respectively, and a front leg portion  170 . An insertion portion  172  of veneer tie  144 , which is considerably compressed upon installation extends beyond the cavity  122  into bed joint  130 . Insertion portion  172  includes front leg portion  170  and part of side leg portions  166  and  168  upon compression, a pattern or corrugation  176  is impressed. The longitudinal axes of side leg portions  166  and  168  and the longitudinal axis of the front leg portion  170  are substantially coplanar. 
     The insertion portion  172  of veneer tie  144  is considerably compressed and, while maintaining the same mass of material per linear unit as the adjacent wire formative, the vertical height  174  is reduced. The vertical height  174  of insertion portion  172  is reduced so that, upon installation, mortar of bed joint  130  flows around the insertion portion  172 . Upon compression, a pattern or corrugation  176  is impressed on either or both of the upper and lower surfaces of insertion portion  172 . When the mortar of bed joint  130  flows around the insertion portion, the mortar flows into the valleys of the corrugations  176 . The corrugations enhance the mounting strength of the veneer tie  144  and resist force vectors along the z-axis  138 . With wall tie  144  compressed as described, the wall tie is characterized by maintaining substantially all the tensile strength as prior to compression. 
     In the second embodiment, and referring now to  FIGS. 6 and 7 , the details of the wall reinforcement  146  and wall anchor  140  of the above-described arrangement of wire formatives are shown. For the true joint, swaged into side wire  148  of wall reinforcement  146  are indentations  178  and  180  at attachment sites  182  and  184 , respectively; and into intermediate wire body indentations  186  at attachment sites  188  and  189 . 
     During assembly, the two components—the wall anchor  140  and the wall reinforcement  146 —are fusibly joined at attachment sites  182 ,  184  and  188  and  189  under heat and pressure. Upon assembly, the true joints at the attachment sites  182 ,  184 , 188  and  189  have a height no greater than the diameter of the wire of wall anchor  140 . Thus, for example, if the 0.187-inch diameter wire is employed for all components, upon insertion of the assemblage into bed joint  126  an equal height of mortar would surround the wall reinforcement  146  and the insertion end of the wall anchor  140 . As in the first embodiment, because of the flatness of the combined wall reinforcement and wall anchor assemblage, the ability to maintain verticality of the inner wythe is enhanced. 
     During the cold working of system components in addition to the swaged indentations, the insertion end of anchor  144  is compressively reduced in height. As described in a prior patent of the present inventors, namely, Hohmann et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283, the insertion ends of the veneer anchor is, upon cold-forming, optionally impressed with a pattern on the mortar-contacting surfaces. For this application, while several patterns—corrugated, diamond and cellular—are discussed in the patent, only the corrugated pattern is employed. The ridges and valleys of the corrugations are shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6  and are impressed so that, upon installation, the corrugations are parallel to the x-axis  134 . 
     The description which follows is of a third embodiment of the high-span anchoring system of this invention. For ease of comprehension, where similar parts are used reference designators “200”units higher are employed. Thus, the wall anchor  240  of the third embodiment is analogous to the wall anchor  40  of the first embodiment. The veneer anchor of this embodiment is adapted from that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,454,200 to R. P. Hohmann; and the T-head, from that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,816,008 to R. P. Hohmann. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 8 and 9 , the third embodiment of a true-joint anchoring system of this invention is shown and is referred to generally by the numeral  210 . In this embodiment, a wall structure  212  is shown having an inner wythe  214  of masonry blocks  216  and an outer wythe  218  of facing stone  220 . Between the inner wythe  214  and the outer wythe  218 , a cavity  222  is formed, which cavity  222  has an exterior surface  224 . In the third embodiment, successive bed joints  226  and  228  are formed between courses of blocks  216  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. Also, successive bed joints  230  and  232  are formed between courses of facing stone  220  and the joints are substantially planar and horizontally disposed. For each structure, the bed joints  226 ,  228 ,  230  and  232  are specified as to the height or thickness of the mortar layer and such thickness specification is rigorously adhered to so as to provide the uniformity inherent in quality construction. Selected bed joint  226  and bed joint  230  are constructed to align, that is to be substantially coplanar, the one with the other. 
     For purposes of discussion, the exterior surface  224  of the inner wythe  214  contains a horizontal line or x-axis  234  and an intersecting vertical line or y-axis  236 . A horizontal line or z-axis  238  normal to the xy-plane also passes through the coordinate origin formed by the intersecting x- and y-axes. In the discussion which follows, it will be seen that the various anchor structures are constructed to restrict movement interfacially—wythe vs. wythe—along the z-axis and, in this embodiment, along the x-axis. The system  210  includes a masonry wall anchor  240  constructed for embedment in bed joint  226 , which, in turn, includes a cavity-spanning or extension portion  242 . Further, the system  210  includes a wire formative anchor member  244  for embedment in bed joint  230 . 
     The components of the anchoring system  210  are shown in  FIG. 8  as being emplaced on a course of blocks  216  and facing stone  220  in preparation for embedment in the mortar of bed joints  226  and  230 , respectively. In the best mode of practicing the invention, a combined box ladder-type wall reinforcement and wall anchor assembly  246  is constructed of a wire formative with two parallel continuous straight wire members  248  and  250  spaced so as, upon installation, to each be centered along the outer walls of the masonry blocks  216 . The structure further includes intermediate wire bodies or cross rod portions  252  of wall anchor  240  interposed therebetween and connecting wire members  248  and  250 . These cross rod portions  252  form rung-like elements of the reinforcement structure  246 . The cross rod portions  252  at intervals along the wall reinforcement  246  extend across wire members  248  and provide spaced pairs of transverse wire member portions  254 . The other end of cross rod portions  252  are electric resistance welded to wire reinforcement  250 . The pairs of wire members  254  are contiguous with extension portions  242  and extend across the cavity  222  to veneer anchor  244 . As will become clear by the description which follows, the spacing between the transverse wire member  254  is constructed to limit the x-axis movement of the construct. Each pair of transverse wire members  254  has at the end opposite the attachment end a T-head portion  258  formed contiguous therewith. 
     Upon installation, the receptors  260  of T-head portion  258  is constructed to be within a substantially horizontal xz-plane normal to exterior surface  224 . The receptor  260  is dimensioned to accept the tongue or bent portion of veneer anchor  244  and is slightly larger than the width of the tongue portion. This relationship minimizes the movement of the construct in an xz-plane. 
     The veneer anchor  244  is generally a bent box configuration and is dimensioned to be accommodated by the T-head receptor  260  of wall anchor  240  previously described. The veneer, anchor  244  has a tongue portion  262  with two parallel side leg portions  264  and connecting leg  266 , and two cavity-spanning leg portions  268  contiguous therewith. The leg portions continue to an insertion portion and the insertion portion side legs  270  have been compressively reduced in height. The insertion portion is completed with front leg portions  271  and  273  which are spaced apart at least by the diameter of the veneer reinforcing wire member  275 . An insertion portion  272  of veneer anchor  244 , upon installation, extends beyond cavity  222  into bed joint  230 , which insertion portion includes front leg portions  271  and  273  and side leg portions  270  adjacent to front leg portions  271  and  273 , respectively. The longitudinal axes of leg portions  268 ,  270 ,  271 , and  273  are substantially coplanar. The side leg portions  264  and connecting leg  266  are structured to function cooperatively with the spacing of the T-head  258  adjoining transverse wire members  254  to limit movement of the construct in the xz-plane. 
     The insertion portion  272  is considerably compressed and, while maintaining the same mass of material per linear unit as the adjacent wire formative, the vertical height  274  is reduced. The vertical height  274  of insertion portion  272  is reduced so that, upon installation, mortar of bed joint  230  flows around the insertion portion  272 . Upon compression, a pattern or corrugation  276  is impressed on insertion portion  272  and, upon the mortar of bed joint  230  flowing around the insertion portion, the mortar flows into the corrugations  276 . For enhanced holding, the corrugations  276  are, upon installation, substantially parallel to x-axis  234 . In this embodiment, an indentation  278  is swaged into leg portion  270  opposite the opening between front leg portions  271  and  273 , which indentation is dimensioned to accommodate veneer reinforcing wire  275 . With the insertion end  272  of veneer anchor  244  as described, the wall anchor is characterized by maintaining substantially all the tensile strength as prior to compression while acquiring a desired low profile. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 9  details of the combined wall reinforcement and wall anchor assembly  246  of the above-described arrangement of wire formatives are shown. For the true joint, swaged into the cross rod portions  252  of wall anchor  240  are indentations  280  and  282  at attachment sites  284  and  286 , respectively. During assembly, the two components—the wall anchor  240  and the wall reinforcement  246 —are fusibly joined at attachment sites  284  and  286  under heat and pressure. Upon assembly, the true joints at the attachment sites  284  and  286  have a height no greater than the diameter of the wire of wall anchor  240 . Thus, for example, if the 0.187-inch diameter wire is employed for all components, upon insertion of the assemblage into bed joint  226  an equal height of mortar would surround the wall reinforcement  246  and the insertion end of the wall anchor  240 . Similarly because of the flatness of the combined wall reinforcement and wall anchorf assemblage, the ability to maintain verticality of the inner wythe is enhanced. 
     During the cold working of system components in addition to the swaged indentations, the insertion end of anchor  244  is compressively reduced in height. As described in a prior patent of the present inventors, namely, Hohmann et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,279,283, the insertion ends of the veneer anchor is, upon cold-forming, optionally impressed with a pattern on the mortar-contacting surfaces. For this application, while several patterns—corrugated, diamond and cellular—are discussed in the patent, only the corrugated pattern is employed. The ridges and valleys of the corrugations are shown in  FIGS. 8 and 9  and are impressed so that, upon installation, the corrugations are parallel to the x-axis. 
     Because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the inventive concept herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments herein detailed in accordance with the descriptive requirement of the law, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Technology Classification (CPC): 4