Patent Abstract:
An automated kiosk has (a) a cabinet; (b) a face frame releasably securable to the cabinet; (c) a plurality of cross members secured to the face frame; and (d) a plurality of hardware components releasably secured to the cross members. The hardware components may be sized and configured such that they project substantially directly inward into the cabinet when the face frame is secured to the cabinet. A method of modifying a kiosk of the invention, comprises (a) removing a hardware component or a faceplate from the kiosk; (b) repositioning a cross member on the kiosk; and (c) installing a new hardware component on the kiosk. A method of constructing a kiosk of the invention comprises (a) assembling a cabinet to a face frame; (b) receiving an order which designates the hardware components required for the kiosk; (c) securing a plurality of cross members to the face frame in a configuration suitable for receiving the designated hardware components; and (d) securing the designated hardware components to the cross members.

Full Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE  
       [0001]    This patent claims priority from U.S. provisional application No. 60/264,010 filed Jan. 25, 2001, entitled Modular Kiosk. 
     
    
     
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The present invention relates to the field of automated kiosks.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    Electronic kiosks are devices which consist of two groups of parts, namely (1) electronic hardware components and (2) a housing for the components.  
           [0004]    With respect to the hardware, the programmability of digital computers means that a system consisting of a monitor, with a pointing device such as a touchscreen or a touch pad and/or keyboard, and a computer (CPU), can perform a variety of functions. If the basic system is expanded by adding a printer, camera, speakers, a microphone, card readers, or other peripherals, and is connected to remote information sources by wire or wireless means, it can perform a wider variety of tasks, including e-mail, videoconferencing and database access.  
           [0005]    The purpose of the kiosk housing is to prevent access or damage to fragile components, to draw attention the device, and to protect sensitive components from environmental elements, thereby making it feasible to provide the equipment contained therein to the public for their use in an unsupervised setting. Access to the internal components of the housing is necessary to provide maintenance and to replenish consumable supplies, such as paper. Thus, protection of the hardware components must be ensured, while allowing access to the housing for servicing.  
           [0006]    Kiosks are designed for specific uses. The housing is provided with mountings for the required internal components, fascia for the projection of devices such as monitors, and apertures for the introduction and removal of credit cards or the issue of printed material or cash.  
           [0007]    Some kiosks currently available and others as described in patents may have certain modular aspects. U.S. Pat. No. 5,702,166 to Lee describes a collection of kiosks for multiple users, each kiosk designed so that they may be connected to other kiosks in an octagon-like structure. U.S. Pat. No. 5,761,071 to Bernstein et al. depicts a kiosk containing a computer arrangement, with the video display, CPU, keyboard and mouse connected by wiring.  
           [0008]    A limitation of the prior art kiosks is that the selection of components utilized within the kiosk must be defined prior to design and fabrication of the kiosk housing. Furthermore, once the kiosk housing has been fabricated, it is not possible to change the selection of components or the relative size and shape of components without rebuilding or significantly altering the housing by cutting, grinding or re-machining. It is expensive and time consuming to design and build kiosks due to the need to create a new design for the kiosk housing each time a new set of hardware components or functions are required.  
           [0009]    Another limitation of kiosks of the prior art is the inaccessibility of the internal hardware components for servicing. It is desirable that kiosks, which are normally located in busy areas, are as compact as possible. However, positioning a number of hardware components in a compact enclosure creates problems for servicing. U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,065 to Ramachandran et al. teaches one means to address this problem, using a service door on the kiosk and a rollout tray containing some of the serviceable components.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0010]    A kiosk housing has been invented which allows one to utilize a wide selection of different hardware components within one kiosk housing. This design allows the kiosk designer to select the desired components closer to the time that the kiosk is assembled. This new kiosk also allows one to readily change hardware components after the kiosk is in the field, without the need for cutting, grinding or re-machining.  
           [0011]    The present invention also provides modular components supported on a service door, such that, upon opening the service door, the components are readily accessible for servicing (i.e. are no longer contained within the body of the kiosk, but are projecting from the inner face of the service door and thus are more readily accessible for servicing). The kiosk thus allows for unprecedented clear access the internal hardware components for servicing.  
           [0012]    The present invention teaches an automated kiosk comprising (a) a cabinet; (b) a face frame releasably securable to the cabinet; (c) a plurality of cross members secured to the face frame; and (d) a plurality of hardware components releasably secured to the cross members. The hardware components may be sized and configured such that they project substantially directly inward into the cabinet when the face frame is secured to the cabinet.  
           [0013]    In an embodiment, the edge of the face frame may be hinged to a corresponding edge of the cabinet. The cross members may be releasably secured to the face frame. At least one of the cross members may be releasably securable in a plurality of configurations in relation to the face frame. At least one of the plurality of cross members may be secured to at least one of the plurality of hardware components indirectly, such that at least one of the plurality of cross members is secured to a faceplate and the faceplate is secured to at least one of the plurality of hardware components.  
           [0014]    One of the plurality of hardware components may be a keyboard, and the keyboard may be secured to the face frame indirectly by a keyboard housing, and the keyboard housing is secured to the face frame. The plurality of cross members may be secured to the face frame indirectly, such that the plurality of cross members is secured to a housing and the housing is secured to the face frame. There may be a plurality of housings secured to the face frame. The kiosk may have a faceplate on an upper portion of the face frame, the faceplate configured such that a top of the faceplate projects farther out from the face frame than a bottom of the faceplate.  
           [0015]    The invention also teaches an automated kiosk comprising a cabinet, a front face frame, and a plurality of hardware components secured to the face frame. The kiosk may have a door in the kiosk, the door configured to allow access to the hardware components. The face frame may be the door.  
           [0016]    In another embodiment, the hardware components may be secured to the face indirectly, such that the hardware components are secured to a plurality of cross members and the plurality of cross members is secured to the face frame. The hardware components may be sized and configured such that they project substantially directly inward into the cabinet when the face frame is secured to the cabinet. At least one of the cross members may be releasably securable in a plurality of configurations in relation to the face frame. In another embodiment, at least one of the plurality of cross members may be secured to at least one of the plurality of hardware components indirectly, such that at least one of the plurality of cross members is secured to a faceplate and the faceplate is secured to at least one of the plurality of hardware components. The plurality of cross members may be secured to the face frame indirectly, wherein the plurality of cross members is secured to a housing and the housing is secured to the face frame.  
           [0017]    The invention also teaches a method of modifying a kiosk of the invention, comprising the steps of (a) removing a hardware component or a faceplate from the kiosk; (b) repositioning a cross member on the kiosk; and (c) installing a new hardware component on the kiosk.  
           [0018]    The invention further teaches a method of constructing a kiosk of the invention comprising the steps of: (a) assembling a cabinet to a face frame; (b) receiving an order which designates the hardware components required for the kiosk; (c) securing a plurality of cross members to the face frame in a configuration suitable for receiving the designated hardware components; and (d) securing the designated hardware components to the cross members. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]    A better understanding of the invention will be had by now referring to the accompanying drawings in which:  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1 is a front perspective view illustrating a kiosk of the present invention with the front door open.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 2 is a front perspective view showing the internal configuration of a kiosk of FIG. 1 with the front door closed.  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 3 is a front perspective view of a kiosk of the present invention.  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 4 is a front perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a kiosk of the present invention.  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 5 is a front perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of a kiosk of the present invention.  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 6 is a front perspective view of a further alternative embodiment of a kiosk of the present invention.  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 7 is a front view of a front face frame of a kiosk of the present invention.  
         [0027]    [0027]FIG. 8 is a side view of a kiosk of the present invention.  
         [0028]    [0028]FIG. 8A is a detail view of FIG. 8 at A.  
         [0029]    [0029]FIG. 8B is a vertical sectional detail view of FIG. 8 at B or C.  
         [0030]    [0030]FIG. 8C is a vertical sectional detail view of an alternate embodiment of FIG. 8 at B or C.  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 8D is a vertical sectional detail view of FIG. 8 at D.  
         [0032]    [0032]FIG. 8E is a vertical sectional detail view of FIG. 8 at E.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 8F is a vertical sectional detail view of FIG. 8 at  8 F.  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 8G is a horizontal sectional detail view of both left and right side of FIG. 8 at G.  
         [0035]    [0035]FIG. 8H is a horizontal sectional detail view of an alternate embodiment of FIG. 8 at G. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS  
       [0036]    As used herein, “kiosk housing” refers to housing which allows user access to user interface portions of hardware components while preventing public access to fragile or removable portions of the components, thereby making it possible to provide the user interface equipment to the public for their use in an unsupervised or semi-supervised setting. Service access to the internal components of the housing is necessary to provide maintenance and to replenish consumable supplies, such as paper.  
         [0037]    As seen in FIG. 1, the kiosk housing  10  has a base cabinet  12 . Fastened to cabinet  12  by a hinge  16  at one vertical edge, and fasteners  18  opposite, is face frame  14 . Face frame  14  is, in turn, fastened to and supporting upper frame  86  and main frame  88 . In an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8H, the face frame may be integral to main frame  88 .  
         [0038]    As seen in FIG. 7, an arrangement of cross members  20  are fastened to main frame  88  and to other cross members  20  by fasteners  18 . Cross members  20  and main frame  88  thus form a grid of fastening surfaces, with openings between of a variety of dimensions, to provide for the mounting of faceplate elements. Cross members  20  are formed with a series of holes  17  running lengthwise along the cross members. Holes  17  are suitable for receiving fasteners  18 . Providing the series of holes  17  facilitates reconfiguration of the cross members, allowing one to reconfigure the kiosk housing to receive different components using only simple hand tools. Faceplates  22  are fastened to cross members  20  (as seen in FIG. 8F), or main frame  88  (as seen in FIG. 8C). As seen in FIG. 8F, faceplates  22  in turn support hardware components  24 , configured for access by a user to user access portions of components  24  through the faceplate  22 .  
         [0039]    Projecting inward from door  28  on a substantially horizontal plane are the bodies (i.e. non-user access portions) of various hardware components which have portions that require access for the user. Shown in FIG. 1 are the housings for the portions of speakers  48 , camera  46 , paper roll and printer  58 , video display screen  54 , data ports  56 , and card reader  52 . Components which do not require direct user interface, such as computer unit  34 , fire suppression system  42 , power supply  62 , and UPS system  38  are secured within cabinet  12 . The components are interconnected by wiring (not shown), and are secured to the door  28 , as described above. Thus, the hardware components are independent components suitable for easy removal and replacement with like or different components, as desired.  
         [0040]    With the cabinet  12  and face frame  14  hinged at one edge, the cabinet may be opened for servicing or the replacement of consumable materials, without requiring the disconnection of any of the components, by passing their respective conductors between the two halves of the cabinet in the vicinity of the hinge. The lock or fasteners are arranged to also provide compression of a seal which may be interposed between the edges of the rear and front cabinets, in cases where a high degree of contaminant exclusion is required.  
         [0041]    In the illustrated case in FIG. 1, face frame  14  is fastened to and supports upper frame  86 . Upper frame  86 , in turn, is fastened to and supports lighting  44  (seen in FIG. 1), and graphic panel  64  via cross member  20  and faceplate  22  forming a clamp for graphic panel  64  (best seen in FIG. 8D). As an alternate method of fixing graphic panel  64 , it may be fastened directly to upper frame  86 , as shown in FIG. 8C. Graphic panel  64  is constructed of a semi-transparent material or the like, such as polycarbonate glazing, to allow light from lighting  44  to shine through, forming an upper backlit transparency housing.  
         [0042]    As best seen in FIG. 8, upper frame  86  is configured to allow graphic panel  64  to tilt downwards. This angle of presentation of the top (advertising) fascia allows a user to view the advertising while standing at the machine. Also seen in FIG. 8, the keyboard housing  72  is angled to project outwards to provide a more ergonomically useful keyboard surface.  
         [0043]    Face frame  14  is also fastened to and supports main frame  88 . Main frame  88 , in turn, is fastened to and supports cross member  20 . Cross members  20  and main frame  88 , in turn, support faceplates  22  (best seen in FIG. 8F). Faceplates  22 , in turn, support hardware components  24  (best seen in FIG. 8E). Main frame  88  is also fastened to and supports keyboard housing  72 . Keyboard housing  72 , in turn, contains keyboard  50 , secured via a faceplate system such as that shown in FIG. 8.  
         [0044]    The assembly allows for the easy addition or removal of any face frame support element and their respective faceplates. In other embodiments the face frame  14  can be further subdivided according to the present method or any similar method which suits a similar set of housing components.  
         [0045]    As shown in FIG. 8F, cross members  20  may be flanged rigid bars forming a grid of fastening surfaces. In other embodiments, cross members  20  may be channels or tubes.  
         [0046]    At the junction of upper frame  86  and main frame  88 , these two frames are secured with fastener  18 , with a gasket  29  located between the frames.  
         [0047]    The assembly of face frame  14 , main frame  88 , upper frame  86 , cross members  20 , faceplates  22 , and hardware components  24  constitute a modular door  28 .  
         [0048]    As seen in FIG. 2, the kiosk and its components are sized and configured such that, there is no interference between the front, user access door components, and the rear, cabinet installed, non-access components, nor is there interference between the walls  36  of cabinet  12  and the components secured to door  28 , when the door  28  is closed.  
         [0049]    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8G, modular door  28  is fastened to cabinet  12  with a hinge  16  at one edge, and fasteners  18  opposite. In other embodiments, door  28  may be secured to the cabinet by fasteners at all the edges. In other embodiments, hinge  16  may be located at a different edge, such as the top or bottom edge of the cabinet.  
         [0050]    Faceplates  22  are generally flat and provide for the installation of components as described elsewhere. Such flat parts are easily fabricated by a variety of methods from any suitable sufficiently ridged material, without the need for tooling, or with simple tooling or with programmable machines.  
         [0051]    Faceplates  22  are fastened by fasteners  18 , such as studs, hooks, threaded bosses or some other arrangement on the rear surface of the faceplate  22 . The securing and releasing portions (such as bolts  19 ) for fasteners  18  are only accessible at the rear surface of the face frame  14 , which is only accessible when the cabinet is open. Any exposed portion of fastener  18  is configured to prevent tampering by using, for example, push-in studs as shown in FIG. 8E. Access to the interior of the kiosk housing  10  can be limited by the use of locks or security fasteners  18 , to prevent removal of or tampering with internal hardware components by persons denied access to the necessary tools, keys, or pass cards, according to security arrangements.  
         [0052]    A gasket  26  is interposed between the faceplates  22  and the support members  20 , in order to provide a seal to prevent the entry of contaminants. Gasket  26  is constructed of a material and cross section which provides for spacing of the faceplates  22  relative to each other, allows for manufacturing tolerances, and provides a seal between the modular doors, various frames and the faceplates  22 . This is achieved using a “T” section (as seen in FIG. 8F) and/or an “L” section (as seen in FIG. 8E), as appropriate, and incorporating intermediate parts, which correspond to the divisions of the cabinet face. A ribbed gasket may also be used to provide multiple seals within one length of gasket. Gasket  26  may comprise one large unibody gasket, or multiple smaller gaskets.  
         [0053]    A gasket  27  is also located between face frame  14  and frames  86 ,  88  and/or  90 .  
         [0054]    The kiosk shown in FIG. 1 further has a vent and air filter  40  to provide for internal cooling while excluding dust particles and other environmental elements.  
         [0055]    The kiosk also has a phone  30 , which may be configured as a pay telephone, or as a direct access phone to, for example, a user assistance line or a taxi company.  
         [0056]    The kiosk of FIG. 1 has also been provided with a cap  32  which can have multiple functions. Cap  32  protects the kiosk and shelters the kiosk user from rain, snow, sunlight and other environmental elements. Cap  32  can contain a fan (not shown) to facilitate air flow through the kiosk for cooling internal elements, or lighting for the face of the kiosk. In another embodiment of the kiosk, as shown in FIG. 3, the cap  32  can include a top display  80 , which may be used for advertising, lighting, or user instruction. The cap could also be manufactured to allow for natural light to pass through and illuminate the kiosk.  
         [0057]    [0057]FIG. 1 also shows fire suppression system  42 , which integrates a smoke or heat detector with a cooling or extinguishing apparatus such as inert gas or dry chemical for extinguishing any fire caused by internal malfunction.  
         [0058]    Examples of various embodiments of the kiosks are depicted in FIGS. 3, 4,  5 , and  5 . All such configurations are easily constructed and may be subsequently reconfigured using the same underlying kiosk housing system described herein. Thus, the present invention provides for the selection by the end user of any subset of any components, and provides for the accommodation of still others not shown. Components that may be used as desired include printer  58 , printer output  68 , camera  46 , speakers  48 , card readers  52 , keyboard  50 , screen  54 , data ports  56 , touch pad  60 , keypad  76 , instruction panel  66 , data ports  56 , lockable maintenance port  70 , as well as components not shown, such as a microphone, a mouse, key pad, track ball, and other peripherals, such as those set out in Table 1. The screen  54  can be standard, resistive touch or surface acoustic wave touch. The card reader can be a push/pull magnetic strip reader or a power loader. The camera may come equipped with a vandal shutter. The components can be connected to remote information sources by wire or wireless means. The kiosks of the invention can thus be designed to perform a wide variety of tasks, including e-mail, videoconferencing and database access. This allows the same set of housing components to accommodate hardware permitting an extremely broad range of applications, including those contemplated in Table 2 and a wide range of functions, including those contemplated in Table  3 .  
         [0059]    When installed, kiosk housing  10  may be mounted directly to a vertical surface, or to a support frame  82  which is in turn fastened to the vertical surface, as shown in FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 5, with little modification, kiosk housing  10  may also be constructed so as to extend to the ground on a free standing support stand  78 . As shown in FIG. 6, kiosk housing  10  may be supported against a wall and also extent to the ground, via a lower frame  90 . In this embodiment, lower frame  90  is suitable for housing computer unit  34 , UPS system  38 , and any other components not requiring user interface.  
         [0060]    The invention described herein may provide all or some of the following benefits.  
         [0061]    Firstly, for manufacturing, the rear housing, face frame and faceplate elements can be manufactured prior to the receipt of an order for a specific configuration and assembled in the requested configuration immediately prior to shipment. This reduces the time necessary to customize the configuration.  
         [0062]    Secondly, the cost and time necessary to create and test new kiosk designs is severely reduced, allowing for more unique customized configurations, and allowing small orders to be filled.  
         [0063]    The hardware components can be removed and replaced in the field with different sized components, or with a completely different manner of components, with minimal cost and mechanical work. The kiosk no longer has to be removed and returned to the supplier for major machining such as cutting, drilling, tapping, or otherwise altering the mountings necessary to remove a device and replace it with one having a different physical configuration. Such work can be occasioned by obsolescence of the device, a change in intended use of the configuration or other reason. Thus the kiosk housing does not have to be replaced should a component require replacement for any reason, and so has a longer useful lifespan.  
         [0064]    The mentioned benefits are achieved without reducing the ability of the enclosure to exclude contaminants by positioning of the gasket shown in FIG. 8 and  8 A to  8 H. Furthermore the interchangeable faceplates are provided with projecting studs, bosses or hooks which prevent removal of parts other than by a person with the ability to access the rear of the door, when the cabinet is open.  
         [0065]    The present invention also provides modular components supported on a service door, such that, upon opening the service door, the components are readily accessible for servicing (i.e. are no longer contained within the body of the kiosk, but are projecting from the inner face of the service door and thus are more readily accessible for servicing).  
         [0066]    The present invention thus provides modular fascia, each fascia attached to a corresponding modular component (e.g. monitor, keyboard, printer, card reader), with the components configured and sized to project inwards from its corresponding faceplate such that the components can be more readily removed and replaced with an updated component, a different component, or a faceplate without a component. This also allows for various combinations of components to be readily installed in the basic unit, either at the time of manufacture or later.  
         [0067]    The kiosk also resists tampering, the elements, and provides access for maintenance and the replenishment of consumable supplies.  
         [0068]    Thus the present kiosk housing provides for a wider range of selection of hardware components without replacing the fascia of the kiosk housing. The present kiosk housing also allows for clear access to internal hardware components for servicing. The kiosk is also lightweight, compact, easily movable, structurally rugged, and economical to manufacture. The kiosk provides a method of mounting the faceplate components to a housing in a manner which is tamper resistant. The kiosk provides a method of mounting the faceplate components to a housing in a manner which provides for protection from the elements.  
         [0069]    The kiosk housing system may be used for many different purposes and many different hardware sets, without requiring re-design of the basic housing. The kiosk housing may be configured for its intended use at the time of its assembly. The kiosk housing may be altered subsequent to its assembly, without the need for re-working. The invention thus also teaches a fabrication method which can be applied to kiosk housings of different forms, utilizing the principles described herein.  
         [0070]    While the present invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, it should be recognized that other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the following claims cover any such embodiments as fall within the scope of the invention.  
                                           TABLE 1                           Modular Kiosk Component Examples                Device   Options                        1   17″ Monitor   Flat       2   Touch screen overlay   SAW Technology       3   Large capacity high speed printer   Thermal, Roll Fed       4   Computer   P.C. in Compact Config.       5   Network device   On Board P.C.       6   UPS       7   Fan   With Filter       8   Thermostatic switch   Thermistor       9   Refrigeration   Semiconductor Heat Pump       10   Heating   Above, Polarity Reversed       11   Back-lit graphic   Fluorescent Lamp Lit       12   USB Webcam   With Vandal Shutter       13   TTL handset       14   Smart card reader/loader   Push/Pull or Power       15   Mag-stripe reader   Same       16   Wide bed color printer   Dye Sub.       17   Keyboard   Vandal Resistant       18   Pin Pad   Vandal Resistant       19   Bill acceptor       20   Speakers   2       21   Audio Amplifier       22   Microphone       23   Remote Monitoring Device   RS 232       24   Fire Suppression System   Automatic       25   Data Ports   Telecom, Infrared, Serial       26   Pointing Device   Trackball, Touchpad                  
 
         [0071]    [0071]                                                                                   TABLE 2                           Examples of Component Subsets                                                Plain                                                               Paper                           Card               or       Facility Type/   Large   Main Display           Swipe or               Colour   Micro-           Push   Tele-       Kiosk Use   Graphic Panel   (CRT, LCD)   Additional Display   Touch Screen   POS pad   Bill Acceptor   Keyboard   Thermal printer   Printer   phone   Camera   Speakers   Buttons   phone                                                                               Non-Reserved Ticketing, e.g. Theatre                                                                                                                                                       Reserved Seat Ticketing, e.g. Theatre, Sports                                                                                                                                                                                                               Reserved Seat Ticketing, e.g. Travel                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Single Program Ticketing, e.g. Parking                                                                                                                                                                                                     Facility Orientation, Utility e.g. Office                                                                                                                         Facility Orientation, ADA e.g. Institutional                                                                                                                                                                                         STD               Facility Orientation, ADA e.g. Mall                                                                                                                                                                                                                   STD               Add - bridal registry, gift certificate, vending                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 STD               Photo Kiosk                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       E-mail Kiosk                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Product Information Kiosk                                                                                                                                             VR Game                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Legend:       STD = standard       OPT = optional 
                         
                    
         [0072]    [0072]                         TABLE 3                           Typical Functional Requirements            FUNCTION   OPTIONS               Web Surfing   White listing           Black listing           “Canned”       Database Search   Large Memory (prob. remote), Online           updating       Debit/Credit Card Payment       Smart Card Payment/Cross Load       Cash Payment       Receipt Printing       Page Printing   Colour           Black and White       Phone Call   TTL       Video Conferencing       Photo Booth   Scanning       E-mail   Attachment Reading with Plug-ins       Audio Output       Speech Input       Remote Monitoring       Remote Device Control   Shut Down           Boot       Scrolling Ads   Multiple Video Cards       Temperature Control   −40° C. + 55° C. ambient or Surface           Temperature       Weather resistance   Condensing Humidity           Rain, Driving Rain           Blowing Snow           Dust,       EMI   Neither produces nor is affected by

Technology Classification (CPC): 6