Patent Abstract:
The present invention provides hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 to 5 carbons atoms, 1 to 2 chlorine atoms, and an OH rate constant from about 8 to about 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14 . The hydrochlorofluorocarbons are useful as solvents and blowing agents.

Full Description:
This application is a continuation-in-part patent application of patent application Ser. No. 687,342 filed Apr. 18, 1991, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,158,617. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a class of hydrochlorofluorocarbons which have 3 to 5 carbon atoms, have 1 to 2 chlorine atoms, and have OH rate constants from about 8 to about 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10-14. 
     Vapor degreasing and solvent cleaning with fluorocarbon based solvents have found widespread use in industry for the degreasing and otherwise cleaning of solid surfaces, especially intricate parts and difficult to remove soils. 
     In its simplest form, vapor degreasing or solvent cleaning consists of exposing a room-temperature object to be cleaned to the vapors of a boiling solvent. Vapors condensing on the object provide clean distilled solvent to wash away grease or other contamination. Final evaporation of solvent from the object leaves behind no residue as would be the case where the object is simply washed in liquid solvent. 
     For soils which are difficult to remove, where elevated temperature is necessary to improve the cleaning action of the solvent, or for large volume assembly line operations where the cleaning of metal parts and assemblies must be done efficiently and quickly, the conventional operation of a vapor degreaser consists of immersing the part to be cleaned in a sump of boiling solvent which removes the bulk of the soil, thereafter immersing the part in a sump containing freshly distilled solvent near room temperature, and finally exposing the part to solvent vapors over the boiling sump which condense on the cleaned part. In addition, the part can also be sprayed with distilled solvent before final rinsing. 
     Vapor degreasers suitable in the above-described operations are well known in the art. For example, Sherliker et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 3,085,918 disclose such suitable vapor degreasers comprising a boiling sump, a clean sump, a water separator, and other ancilliary equipment. 
     Cold cleaning is another application where a number of solvents are used. In most cold cleaning applications, the soiled part is either immersed in the fluid or wiped with rags or similar objects soaked in solvents. 
     In cold cleaning applications, the use of the aerosol packaging concept has long been found to be a convenient and cost effective means of dispensing solvents. Aerosol products utilize a propellant gas or mixture of propellant gases, preferably in a liquefied gas rather than a compressed gas state, to generate sufficient pressure to expel the active ingredients, i.e. product concentrates such as solvents, from the container upon opening of the aerosol valve. The propellants may be in direct contact with the solvent, as in most conventional aerosol systems, or may be isolated from the solvent, as in barrier-type aerosol systems. 
     Chlorofluorocarbon solvents, such as trichlorotrifluoroethane, have attained widespread use in recent years as effective, nontoxic, and nonflammable agents useful in degreasing applications and other solvent cleaning applications. Trichlorotrifluoroethane has been found to have satisfactory solvent power for greases, oils, waxes and the like. It has therefore found widespread use for cleaning electric motors, compressors, heavy metal parts, delicate precision metal parts, printed circuit boards, gyroscopes, guidance systems, aerospace and missile hardware, aluminum parts and the like. Trichlorotrifluoroethane has two isomers: 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (known in the art as CFC-113) and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (known in the art as CFC-113a). CFC-113 has a boiling point of about 470° C. and has been found to have satisfactory solvent power for greases, oils, waxes, and the like. 
     Another commonly used solvent is chloroform (known in the art as HCC-20) which has a boiling point of about 630° C. Perchloroethylene is a commonly used dry cleaning and vapor degreasing solvent which has a boiling point of about 121° C. These compounds are disadvantageous for use as solvents because they are toxic; also, chloroform causes liver damage when inhaled in excess. 
     Although chlorine is known to contribute to the solvency capability of a compound, fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons are suspected of causing environmental problems in connection with the earth&#39;s protective ozone layer. Thus, the art is seeking new compounds which do not contribute to environmental problems but yet provide the solvency properties of CFC-113. 
     Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) such as CFC-113 are suspected of causing environmental problems in connection with the ozone layer. Under the Clean Air Act, CFC-113 is being phased-out of production. 
     In response to the need for stratospherically safe materials, substitutes have been developed and continue to be developed. Research Disclosure 14623 (June 1978) reports that 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (known in the art as HCFC-123) is a useful solvent for degreasing and defluxing substrates. In the EPA &#34;Findings of the Chlorofluorocarbon Chemical Substitutes International Committee&#34;, EPA-600/9-88-009 (April 1988), it was reported that HCFC-123 and 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (known in the art as HCFC-141b) have potential as replacements for CFC-113 as cleaning agents. 
     The problem with these substitutes is that they have a long atmospheric lifetime as determined by their reaction with OH radicals in the troposphere. Table I below contains the OH rate constants and corresponding atmospheric lifetimes for these substitutes. In Table I, Exp K OH  stands for experimental K OH  rate constant, Est K OH  stands for estimated K OH  rate constant, Exp Life stands for experimental lifetime, and Est Life stands for estimated lifetime. The unit on the rate constant is cm 3  /molecule/sec×10-14 and the unit on the lifetime is years. 
     
                       TABLE I______________________________________                    Exp    Est  Exp  EstNumber    Formula        K.sub.OH                           K.sub.OH                                Life Life______________________________________HCFC-123  CHCl.sub.2 CF.sub.3                    3.7    2.96 2.0  2.6HCFC-124  CF.sub.3 CHClF 1.0    1.00 7.5  7.5HCFC-141b CFCl.sub.2 CH.sub.3                    0.75   2.10 10.1 3.6HCFC-142b CF.sub.2 ClCH.sub.3                    0.38   2.10 19.9 6HCFC-225ca     CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CHCl.sub.2                    2.49   3.30 2.3  2.3HCFC-225cb     CClF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CHClF                    0.91   3.86 2    1.96HCC-140   CCl.sub.3 CH.sub.3                    1.2    1.21 6.3  6.3______________________________________ 
    
     It would be desirable to have substitutes with OH rate constants of at least about 8 cm  3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  which equates to an atmospheric lifetime of 12 months or less. 
     If the OH rate constant of a compound is too high, the compound is a VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) because it is so reactive that it forms carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming. Thus, it would be desirable to have substitutes with OH rate constants of 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  or less which equates to an atmospheric lifetime of at least 4 months. 
     Commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,947,881 teaches a method of cleaning using hydrochlorofluoropropanes having 2 chlorine atoms and a difluoromethylene group. European Publication 347,924 published Dec. 27, 1989 teaches hydrochlorofluoropropanes having a difluoromethylene group. International Publication Number WO 90/08814 published Aug. 9, 1990 teaches azeotropes having at least one hydrochlorofluoropropane having a difluoromethylene group. 
     A wide variety of consumer parts is produced on an annual basis in the United States and abroad. Many of these parts have to be cleaned during various manufacturing stages in order to remove undesirable contaminants. These parts are produced in large quantities and as a result, substantial quantities of solvents are used to clean them. 
     Thus, substitutes having OH rate constants between about 8 and about 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  and which are useful in many applications including as solvents are needed in the art. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Straight chain and branched chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 chlorine atoms total over 1100 compounds. Out of this over 1100 compounds, I was surprised to find a class of 88 hydrochlorofluorocarbons having OH rate constants from about 8 to about 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 31  14. 
     The OH rate constant can be determined by any method known in the art. For example, see Atkinson, &#34;Kinetics and Mechanisms of the Gas-Phase Reactions of the Hydroxyl Radical with Organic Compounds under Atmospheric Conditions&#34;, Chem. Rey, 86, 69 (1986) and Taylor et al., &#34;Laser Photolysis/Laser-Induced Fluorescence Studies of Reaction Rates of OH with CH 3  Cl, CH 2  Cl 2 , and CHCl 3  over an Extended Temperature Range&#34;, Int. J. of Chem, Kinetics 21, 829 (1989). 
     The straight chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 carbon atoms of the present invention are listed in Table II below. The unit on the calculated K OH  is cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  and the unit on the calculated lifetime is years in Table II. 
     
                       TABLE II______________________________________Number      Chemical Formula                      K.sub.OH                             Lifetime______________________________________HCFC-234aa  CF.sub.2 HCCl.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H                      24.5   0.30HCFC-234ab  CFH.sub.2 CCl.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      11.9   0.64HCFC-234ba  CF.sub.2 HCFClCFClH                      22.9   0.33HCFC-234bb  CF.sub.3 CFClCClH.sub.2                      9.5    0.80HCFC-234bc  CFH.sub.2 CFClCF.sub.2 Cl                      13.1   0.58HCFC-234fa  CF.sub.2 ClCH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl                      8.2    0.92HCFC-234fb  CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CFCl.sub.2                      8.2    0.92HCFC-243ea  CFClHCFHCFClH  19.1   0.40HCFC-243ec  CF.sub.2 ClCFHCClH.sub.2                      8.4    0.90HCFC-244ba  CFH.sub.2 CFClCF.sub.2 H                      12.0   0.63HCFC-244da  CF.sub.2 HCClHCF.sub.2 H                      11.85  0.64HCFC-244db  CF.sub.3 CClHCFH.sub.2                      9.3    0.81HCFC-244ea  CF.sub.2 HCFHCFClH                      11.9   0.64HCFC-244eb  CF.sub.3 CFHCClH.sub.2                      10.5   0.72HCFC-244ec  CFH.sub.2 CFHCF.sub.2 Cl                      10.1   0.75HCFC-244fa  CFClHCH.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      8.5    0.89HCFC-244fb  CF.sub.2 HCH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl                      9.15   0.83HCFC-252dc  CH.sub.3 CClHCF.sub.2 Cl                      15.3   0.49HCFC-252ec  CH.sub.3 CFHCCl.sub.2 F                      8.6    0.88HCFC-253ba  CFH.sub.2 CFClCFH.sub.2                      17.7   0.43HCFC-253bb  CH.sub.3 CFClCF.sub.2 H                      13.8   0.55HCFC-253ea  CF.sub.2 HCFHCClH.sub.2                      14.5   0.52HCFC-253eb  CClFHCFHCFH.sub.2                      16.5   0.46HCFC-253ec  CH.sub.3 CFHCF.sub.2 Cl                      8.0    0.95HCFC-253fa  CF.sub.2 HCH.sub.2 CFClH                      14.5   0.52HCFC-253fc  CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl                      11.5   0.66HCFC-262fa  CF.sub.2 HCH.sub.2 CClH.sub.2                      14.99  0.50HCFC-262fb  CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CFClH                      17.8   0.43HCFC-271b   CH.sub.3 CFClCH.sub.3                      9.95   0.76HCFC-271d   CH.sub.3 CClHCFH.sub.2                      19.44  0.39HCFC-271fb  CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CFClH                      9.98   0.76______________________________________ 
    
     This present class with its OH rate constants between about 8 to about 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  unexpected. I discovered this when I compared isomers having the same --CAB--group wherein --CAB-- is --CCl 2  --, --CH 2  --, --CClH--, --CClF--, and --CHF--as the covered compound. I found that the isomers had OH rate constants less than 8 or greater than 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  . For example, CFClHCFHCFClH and CF 2  ClCFHCClH 2  of the present invention have K OH  values of 19.1 and 8.4 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  respectively as shown in Table II. In contrast, the isomers, CF 2  HCFHCCl 2  H and CCl 2  FCFHCFH 2 , have K OH  values of 31.3 and 30.0 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  respectively as shown in Table VII, and thus, are VOCs. 
     Also, CFH 2  CFClCF 2  H of the present invention has a K OH  of 12.0 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  as shown in Table II. In contrast, the isomer, CF 3  CFClCH 3 , has a K OH  of 1.8 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  as shown in Table VII, and thus, has a long atmospheric lifetime. The isomers, CFH 2  CCl 2  CFH 2  and CH 3  CCl 2  CF 2  H, have K OH  values of 49.33 and 34.14 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  respectively as shown in Table VII and thus, are VOCs. 
     Additionally, CH 3  CFHCCl 2  F of the present invention has a K OH  of 8.6 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  as shown in Table II. In contrast, the isomers, CClH 2  CFHCClFH and CFH 2  CFHCCl 2  H, have K OH  values of 31.8 and 39.57 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  respectively as shown in Table VII, and thus, are VOCs. 
     Additionally, CF 2  HCH 2  CClH 2  and CFH 2  CH 2  CFClH of the present invention have K OH  values of 14.99 and 17.8 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  respectively as shown in Table II. In contrast, the isomer, CF 2  ClCH 2  CH 3 , has a K OH  of 2.9 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  as shown in Table VII, and thus, has a long atmospheric lifetime. Additionally, CH 3  CH 2  CFClH of the present invention has a K OH  of 9.98 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  as shown in Table II. In contrast, the isomer, CFH 2  CH 2  CClH 2 , has a K OH  value of 35.8 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  as shown in Table VII, and thus, is a VOC. 
     Known methods for making fluorinated compounds can be modified in order to form the straight chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 carbon atoms of the present invention. 
     For example, Haszeldine, Nature 165, 152 (1950) teaches the reaction of trifluoroiodomethane and acetylene to prepare 3,3,3-trifluoro-1-iodopropene which is then dehydroiodinated to form 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne. By using 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne as a starting material, CF 3  CFClCClH 2  (HCFC-234bb) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available trifluoromethyl iodide may be reacted with acetylene to prepare 3,3,3-trifluoro-1-iodopropene which is then dehydroiodinated to form 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne. The 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene which is then chlorinated to form 1,2-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane. 
     CF 2  ClCFHCClH 2  (HCFC-243ec) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,1,3-trichloropropene may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,3-dichloro-1-propyne. The 1,3-dichloro-1-propyne may then be fluorinated to form 1,3-dichloro-1,2-difluoro-1-propene which may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane. 
     CFH 2  CFClCF 2  H (HCFC-244ba) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-difluoro-2-propanol may be dehydrated to form 1,3-difluoro-1-propene which may then be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-fluoro-1-propyne. The 3-fluoro-1-propyne may then be fluorinated, chlorinated, and fluorinated to form 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-chloropropane. 
     CFH 2  CFHCF 2  Cl (HCFC-244ec) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,1,3-trichloropropene may be fluorinated to form 1,1-dichloro-3-fluoro-1-propene which may then be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-3-fluoro-1-propyne. The 1-chloro-3-fluoro-1-propyne may then be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2,3-trifluoro-1-propene which may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1-chloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoropropane. 
     CFClHCH 2  CF 3  (HCFC-244fa) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,1,3-trichloropropene may be fluorinated to form 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane. The 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane may then be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene which may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 1-chloro-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane. 
     CF 2  HCH 2  CF 2  Cl (HCFC-244fb) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol may be fluorinated to form 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexafluoropropane which may then be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,3,3-trifluoro-1-propyne. The 1,3,3-trifluoro-1-propyne may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 1-chloro-1,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene which may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoropropane. 
     CH 3  CFClCF 2  H (HCFC-253bb) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,2-dibromopropane may be dehydrohalogenated to form propyne. The propyne may then be fluorinated, chlorinated, and fluorinated to form 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane. 
     CH 3  CFHCF 2  Cl (HCFC-253ec) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,2-dichloropropane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-1-propene which may then be dehydrogenated to form 1-chloro-1-propyne. The 1-chloro-1-propyne may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1-chloro-1-fluoro1-propene which may then be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane. 
     The preferred straight chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 carbon atoms are CF 2  ClCFHCClH 2 , CFH 2  CFClCF 2  H, CFH 2  CFHCF 2  Cl, CFClHCH 2  CF 3 , CF 2  HCH 2  CF 2  Cl, CH 3  CFClCF 2  H, and CH 3  CFHCF 2  Cl. 
     The straight chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 4 carbon atoms of the present invention are listed in Table III below. The unit on the calculated K OH  is cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  and the unit on the calculated lifetime is years in Table III below. 
     
                       TABLE III______________________________________Number     Chemical Formula                      K.sub.OH                              Lifetime______________________________________HCFC-3541cd      CH.sub.3 CClHCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl                      12.8    0.59HCFC-354mbd      CH.sub.3 CClHCFClCF.sub.3                      11.9    0.63HCFC-355lcf      CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl                      12.0    0.63HCFC-355lec      CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CFHCF.sub.2 Cl                      12.8    0.59HCFC-355lef      CF.sub.2 HCH.sub.2 CFHCF.sub.2 Cl                      15.6    0.48HCFC-355lff      CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 Cl                      10.4    0.73HCFC-355mbf      CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CFClCF.sub.3                      11.5    0.66HFFC-355mcf      CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CClH.sub.2                      8.93    0.85HCFC-355mdc      CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CClHCF.sub.3                      12.0    0.63HCFC-355mdf      CF.sub.2 HCH.sub.2 CClHCF.sub.3                      14.3    0.53HCFC-355meb      CH.sub.3 CFClCFHCF.sub.3                      11.8    0.64HCFC-355med      CFH.sub.2 CClHCFHCF.sub.3                      14.1    0.54HCFC-355mfb      CFH.sub.2 CFClCH.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      15.9    0.48HCFC-355mfc      CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CClH.sub.2                      13.2    0.57HCFC-355mfd      CF.sub.2 HCClHCH.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      14.9    0.51HCFC-355mfe      CFClHCFHCH.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      15.1    0.50HCFC-355pcb      CH.sub.3 CFClCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H                      15.7    0.48HCFC-355rcc      CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFClH                      15.2    0.50HCFC-363lbfs      CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CClFCF.sub.2 Cl                      13.4    0.56HCFC-364med      CH.sub. 3 CClHCFHCF.sub.3                      15.0    0.50HCFC-364mff      CFClHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      15.5    0.49HCFC-373lef      CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CFHCF.sub.2 Cl                      9.11    0.83HCFC-373mfd      CH.sub.3 CClHCH.sub.2 CF.sub.3                      14.3    0.53HCFC-373mff      CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CClH.sub.2                      13.2    0.57HCFC-391rff      CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CFClH                      10.3    0.73HCFC-391sbf      CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 CFClCH.sub.3                      14.2    0.53______________________________________ 
    
     Known methods for making fluorinated compounds can be modified in order to form the straight chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 4 carbon atoms of the present invention. 
     For example, R. N. Haszeldine et al., &#34;Addition of Free Radicals to Unsaturated Systems. Part XIII. Direction of Radical Addition to Chloro-1:1-difluoroethylene&#34;, J. of Amer. Chem. Soc., 2193 (1957) teach the reaction of trifluoroiodomethane with chloro-1:1-difluoroethylene to prepare 3-chloro-1:1:1:2:2-pentafluoro-3-iodopropane which is then chlorinated to form 1,1-dichloro-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane (known in the art as HCFC-225ca). This known method can be modified to form CF 3  CF 2  CH 2  CClH 2  (HCFC-355mcf) as follows. Commercially available perfluoroethyl iodide can be reacted with commercially available ethylene to prepare 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-4-iodobutane which is then chlorinated to form 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-4-chlorobutane. 
     CH 3  CF 2  CFHCF 2  Cl (HCFC-355lec) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-dichloro-2-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluorobutane which may then be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-3,3-difluoro-1-butene. The 1-chloro-3,3-difluoro-1-butene may then be dehydrogenated to form 1-chloro-3,3-difluoro-1-propyne which may then be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-butene which may then be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1-chloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluorobutane. 
     CF 3  CH 2  CH 2  CF 2  Cl (HCFC-355lff) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be dechlorinated to form hexafluoro-2-butyne. The hexafluoro-2-butyne may be hydrogenated to form 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane which may be chlorinated to form 1-chloro-1,1,4,4,4-pentafluorobutane. 
     CFH 2  CH 2  CFClCF 3  (HCFC-355mbf) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,4-dichloro-2-butyne may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1,4-dichloro-2-fluoro-2-butene which may be fluorinated to form 1,2,4-trifluoro-2-butene. The 1,2,4-trifluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 2-chloro-1,2,4-trifluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated, fluorinated, dehydrohalogenated, and fluorinated to form 2-chloro-1,1,1,2,4-pentafluorobutane. 
     CH 3  CF 2  CClHCF 3  (HCFC-355mdc) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 3,4-dichloro-1-butene may be dehydrogenated to form 3,4-dichloro-1-butyne which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluorobutane. The 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluorobutane may be dehydrogenated to form 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 2-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluorobutane. The 2-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluorobutane may be dehydrogenated to form 2-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 2-chloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane. 
     CH 3  CFClCFHCF 3  (HCFC-355meb) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-dichloro-2-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-2,3,4-trifluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,3-difluoro-1-butene. The 3-chloro-1,3-difluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-2,3,4,4-tetrafluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1,3-trifluoro-1-butene. The 3-chloro-1,1,3-trifluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-2,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutane. 
     CH 3  CFClCF 2  CF 2  H (HCFC-355pcb) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-dichloro-2-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-2,3,4-trifluorobutane which may be dehydrogenated to form 3-chloro-1,2,3-trifluoro-1-butene. The 3-chloro-1,2,3-trifluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-2,3,3,4,4-pentafluorobutane. 
     CH 3  CF 2  CF 2  CFClH (HCFC-355rcc) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-dichloro-2-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluorobutane which may be dehydrogenated to form 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-butene. The 1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2,2,3,3-pentafluorobutane. 
     CH 3  CClHCFHCF 3  (HCFC-364med) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-dichloro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1,3-dichloro-2-fluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,3-dichloro-1-butene. The 1,3-dichloro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-3,4,4-trifluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1-difluoro-1-butene. The 3-chloro-1,1-difluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-3,4,4,4-tetrafluorobutane. 
     The preferred straight chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 4 carbon atoms are CH 3  CF 2  CFHCF 2  Cl, CF 3  CH 2  CH 2  CF 2  Cl, CFH 2  CH 2  CFClCF 3 , CH 3  CF 2  CClHCF 3 , CH 3  CFClCFHCF 3 , CH 3  CFClCF 2  CF 2  H, CH 3  CF 2  CF 2  CFClH, and CH 3  CClHCFHCF 3 . 
     The branched chain hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 4 carbon atoms of the present invention are listed in Table IV below. The unit on the calculated K OH  is cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 31  14 and the unit on the calculated lifetime is years in Table IV below. 
     
                       TABLE IV______________________________________Number     Chemical Formula                      K.sub.OH                              Lifetime______________________________________HCFC-345kms      CH.sub.3 C(CF.sub.3)FCFCl.sub.2                      9.11    0.83HCFC-345lls      CH.sub.3 C(CF.sub.2 Cl)FCF.sub.2 Cl                      9.11    0.83HCFC-355lms      CH.sub.3 C(CF.sub.3)HCF.sub.2 Cl                      8.3     0.91HCFC-355mop      CF.sub.2 HC(CClH.sub.2)HCF.sub.3                      14.5    0.52HCFC-355mps      CH.sub.3 C(CF.sub.2 H)ClCF.sub.3                      15.3    0.50HCFC-355mrs      CH.sub.3 C(CFClH)FCF.sub.3                      15.1    0.50HCFC-373mss      CH.sub.3 C(CH.sub.3)ClCF.sub.3                      13.4    0.56______________________________________ 
    
     Known methods for making fluorinated compounds can be modified in order to form the branched hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 4 carbon atoms of the present invention. 
     CH 3  C(CF 3 )HCF 2  Cl (HCFC-355lms) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1-chloro-2-methylpropane may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2-difluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-1-fluoro-2-methylpropene. The 1-chloro-1-fluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-3,3-difluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3-chloro-3,3-difluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrogenated to form 3-chloro-1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3-chloro-1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro-2-methylpropane. 
     CH 3  C(CF 2  H)ClCF 3  (HCFC-355mps) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1-chloro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3,3-difluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3,3-difluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropene. The 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropene. The 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropene may be chlorinated to form 1,2-dichloro-1,1,4,4-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropane which may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-2-methylpropane. 
     CH 3  C(CFClH)FCF 3  (HCFC-355mrs) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1-chloro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2-difluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-3-fluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3-chloro-3-fluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,3-difluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3-chloro-1,3-difluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-methylpropane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropene. The 3-chloro-1,1,3-trifluoro-2-methylpropene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-2-methylpropane. 
     The preferred branched hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 4 carbon atoms are CH 3  C(CF 3 )HCF 2  Cl, CH 3  C(CF 2  H)ClCF 3 , and CH 3  C(CFClH)FCF 3 . 
     The branched hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 5 carbon atoms of the present invention are listed in Table V below. The unit on the calculated K OH  is cm 3  /molecule/sec×10  -14  and the unit on the calculated lifetime is years in Table V below. 
     
                       TABLE V______________________________________Number      Chemical Formula K.sub.OH                               Lifetime______________________________________HCFC-356mlfq       CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 C(CF.sub.2 Cl)FCF.sub.3                        12.0   0.63HCFC-357lcsp       CF.sub.2 ClCF.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3)FCF.sub.2 H                        15.1   0.50HCFC-357lsem       CF.sub.3 CFHC(CH.sub.3)FCF.sub.2 Cl                        14.6   0.52HCFC-357mbsp       CF.sub.3 CFClC(CH.sub.3)FCF.sub.2 H                        15.0   0.50HCFC-357mcpo       CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 C(CF.sub.2 H)HCClH.sub.2                        14.7   0.51HCFC-357mcsp       CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3)ClCF.sub.2 H                        13.7   0.55HCFC-357mcsr       CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3)FCFClH                        15.1   0.50HCFC-357mlcs       CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 C(CF.sub.2 Cl)HCF.sub.3                        10.7   0.71HCFC-357mmbs       CH.sub.3 CFClC(CF.sub.3)HCF.sub.3                        9.5    0.80HCFC-357mmel       CF.sub.2 ClCHFC(CH.sub.3)FCF.sub.3                        14.3   0.53HCFC-357mmfo       CH.sub.2 ClCH.sub.2 C(CF.sub.3)FCF.sub.3                        8.8    0.86HCFC-357mmfq       CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 C(CF.sub.3)ClCF.sub.3                        11.5   0.66HCFC-357mmfr       CFClHCH.sub.2 C(CF.sub.3)HCF.sub.3                        14.0   0.54HCFC-357mofm       CF.sub.3 CH.sub.2 C(CClH.sub.2)FCF.sub.3                        14.1   0.54HCFC-357msem       CF.sub.3 CFHC(CH.sub.3)ClCF.sub.3                        13.0   0.57HCFC-358mcsr       CF.sub.3 CF.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3)FCClFH                        13.8   0.55HCFC-366mmds       CH.sub.3 CClHC(CF.sub.3)HCF.sub.3                        12.8   0.59HCFC-366mmfo       CClH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 C(CF.sub.3 )HCF.sub.3                        13.2   0.57HCFC-375lcss       CF.sub.2 ClCF.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3)FCH.sub.3                        10.7   0.71HCFC-375mbss       CF.sub.3 CFClC(CH.sub.3)FCH.sub.3                        10.7   0.71HCFC-393less       CF.sub.2 ClCFHC(CH.sub.3)HCH.sub.3                        12.1   0.62HCFC-393mdss       CF.sub.3 CClHC(CH.sub.3)HCH.sub.3                        10.0   0.76HCFC-393sfms       CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 C(CF.sub.3)ClCH.sub.3                        13.0   0.58HCFC-3-11-1rfss       CFClHCH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3)HCH.sub.3                        13.4   0.56______________________________________ 
    
     Known methods for making fluorinated compounds can be modified in order to form the branched hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 5 carbon atoms of the present invention. 
     CFH 2  CH 2  C(CF 2  Cl)FCF 3  (HCFC-356mlfq) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,4-dichloro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available trifluoromethyl iodide to form 1,4-dichloro-2-trifluoromethyl-3-iodobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,4-dichloro-3-trifluoromethyl-1-butene. The 1,4-dichloro-3-trifluoromethyl-1-butene may be hydrogenated to form 1,4-dichloro-2-trifluoromethylbutane which may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-4-fluorobutane. The 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-4-fluorobutane may be dehydrogenated to form 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-4-fluoro-1-butene which may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-trifluorobutane. The 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-trifluorobutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,4-difluoro-1-butene which may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,2,4-tetrafluorobutane. 
     CF 3  CFHC(CH 3 )FCF 2  Cl (HCFC-3571sem) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,4-dichloro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available iodomethane to form 1,4-dichloro-3-iodo-2-methylbutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,4-dichloro-3-methyl-1-butene. The 1,4-dichloro-3-methyl-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-methyl-3,4,4-trifluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,1-difluoro-3-methyl-4-chloro-1-butene. The 1,1-difluoro-3-methyl-4-chloro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-methyl-3,4,4,4-tetrafluorobutane which may be dehydrogenated to form 1-chloro-2-methyl-3,4,4,4-tetrafluoro-1-butene. The 1-chloro-2-methyl-3,4,4,4-tetrafluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-methyl-1,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-2-methyl-1,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-1-butene. The 1-chloro-2-methyl-1,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-1-butene may be fluorinated to form 1-chloro-2-methyl-1,1,2,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutane. 
     CF 3  CFClC(CH 3 )FCF 2  H (HCFC-357mbsp) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available iodomethane to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-2-methyl-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoropropane which may be fluorinated to form 2-methyl-3-chloro-1,1,1,2,3,4,4-heptafluorobutane. The 2-methyl-3-chloro-1,1,1,2,3,4,4-heptafluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 3-chloro-2-methyl-1,1,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 3-chloro-2-methyl-1,1,2,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutane. 
     CF 3  CF 2  C(CH 3 )ClCF 2  H (HCFC-357mcsp) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with iodomethane to form 2-methyl-2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane which may be fluorinated to form 2-methyl-1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane. The 2-methyl-1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 2-methyl-1,1,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 2-chloro-2-methyl-1,1,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutane. 
     CH 3  CF 2  C(CF 2  Cl)HCF 3  (HCFC-357mlcs) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 1,3-dichloro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available trifluoromethyl iodide to form 1,3-dichloro-2-trifluoromethyl-3-iodobutane which may be fluorinated to form 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane. The 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane may be dehydrogenated to form 1,3,3-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-1-butene which may be fluorinated to form 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane. The 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 1-chloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane. 
     CH 3  CFClC(CF 3 )HCF 3  (HCFC-357mmbs) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available trifluoromethyl iodide to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane which may be fluorinated to form 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane. The 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 3-trifluoromethyl-1,1,2,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-1-butene which may be hydrogenated to form 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,3,4,4-heptafluorobutane. The 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,3,4,4-heptafluorobutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-1-butene which may be hydrogenated to form 3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane. The 3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 3-trifluoromethyl-2,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 3-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluorobutane. The 3-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,3-pentafluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 3-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,3-trifluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 3-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,3-tetrafluorobutane. 
     CF 2  ClCHFC(CH 3 )FCF 3  (HCFC-357mmel) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available iodomethane to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane which may be fluorinated to form 2-methylperfluorobutane. The 2-methylperfluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 1,1,2,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-3-methyl-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 4-chloro-1,1,1,2,3,4,4-heptafluoro-2-methylbutane. 
     The method of R. N. Haszeldine et al., supra, can be modified to form CH 2  ClCH 2  C(CF 3 )FCF 3  (HCFC-357mmfo) as follows. Commercially available perfluoroisopropyl iodide may be reacted with commercially available ethylene to prepare 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-4-iodobutane which may then be chlorinated to form 2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-4-chlorobutane. 
     CFH 2  CH 2  C(CF 3 )ClCF 3  (HCFC-357mmfq) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available trifluoromethyl iodide to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane which may be fluorinated to form 2-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-perfluorobutane. The 2-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-perfluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 3-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-1,1,2,4,4,4-hexafluoro-l-butene which may be hydrogenated to form 2-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,4,4-hexafluorobutane. The 2-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,3,4,4-hexafluorobutane may be fluorinated to form 3-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-1,4,4,4-tetrafluoro-1-butene which may then be hydrogenated to form 2-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,4-tetrafluorobutane. 
     CF 3  CFHC(CH 3 )ClCF 3  (HCFC-357msem) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available iodomethane to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane which may be chlorinated to form 2,3,3-trichloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane. The 2,3,3-trichloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane may be dehalogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methyl-2-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 3-chloro-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-2-methylbutane. The 3-chloro-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-2-methylbutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methyl-2-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen chloride to form 2-chloro-1,1,1,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-2-methylbutane. 
     CF 3  CF 2  C(CH 3 )FCClFH (HCFC-358mcsr) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with commercially available trifluoromethyl iodide to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane which may be fluorinated to form 2-methyl-perfluorobutane. The 2-methyl-perfluorobutane may be dehalogenated to form 2-methyl-perfluoro-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-octafluoro-2-methylbutane. The 1,1,2,3,3,4,4,4-octafluoro-2-methylbutane may be dehalogenated to form 1,3,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methyl-1-butene which may be chlorinated to form 1,2-dichloro-1,3,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane. The 1,2-dichloro-1,3,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methylbutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 1-chloro-1,3,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methyl-1-butene which may be reacted with commercially available hydrogen fluoride to form 1-chloro-1,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-2-methylbutane. 
     CH 3  CClHC(CF 3 )HCF 3  (HCFC-366mmds) may be prepared as follows. Commercially available 2,3-dichlorohexafluoro-2-butene may be reacted with trifluoromethyl iodide to form 2,3-dichloro-3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane which may be chlorinated to form 3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-methyl-2-butene. The 3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-2-butene may be hydrogenated to form 3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane which may be dehydrohalogenated to form 2-iodo-1,1,4,4,4-pentafluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-1-butene. The 2-iodo-1,1,4,4,4-pentafluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-1-butene may be hydrogenated to form 3-iodo-1,1,1,4,4-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane which may be chlorinated to form 3-chloro-1,1,1,4,4-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane. The 3-chloro-1,1,1,4,4-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 2-chloro-1,4,4,4-tetrafluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-1-butene which may be hydrogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1,1,4-tetrafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane. The 3-chloro-1,1,1,4-tetrafluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane may be dehydrohalogenated to form 2-chloro-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-trifluoromethyl-1-butene which may be hydrogenated to form 3-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethylbutane. 
     The preferred branched hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 5 carbon atoms are CFH 2  CH 2  C(CF 2  Cl)FCF 3 , CF 3  CFHC(CH 3 )FCF 2  Cl, CF 3  CFClC(CH 3 )FCF 2  H, CF 3  CF 2  C(CH 3 )ClCF 2  H, CH 3  CF 2  C(CF 2  Cl)HCF 3 , CH 3  CFClC(CF 3 )HCF 3 , CF 2  ClCHFC(CH 3 )FCF 3 , CH 2  ClCH 2  C(CF 3 )FCF 3 , CFH 2  CH 2  C(CF 3 )ClCF 3 , CF 3  CFHC(CH 3 )ClCF 3 , CF 3  CF 2  C(CH 3 )FCClFH, and CH 3  CClHC(CF 3 )HCF 3 . 
     Other advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Known solvents may be blended with the hydrochlorofluorocarbons of the present invention. Examples of useful known solvent are listed in Table VI below. 
     
                       TABLE VI______________________________________Number            Chemical Formula______________________________________HCFC-234cc        CF.sub.2 ClCF.sub.2 CClH.sub.2HCFC-234cd        CH.sub.2 FCF.sub.2 CFCl.sub.2HCFC-244ca        CF.sub.2 HCF.sub.2 CClH.sub.2HCFC-244cb        CFH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CFClHHCFC-253ca        CFH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CClH.sub.2HCFC-253cb        CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 CFClH______________________________________ 
    
     HCFC-234cc may be formed by any known method such as the reaction of 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexachloropropane with antimony pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride at 100° C. HCFC-234cd may be formed by any known method such as the reaction of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,3-trifluoropropane with antimony pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride at 120° C. 
     HCFC-244ca may be formed by any known method such as the reaction of 1,1,2,2,3-pentachloropropane with antimony pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride at 100° C. HCFC-244cb may be formed by any known method such as the reaction of 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane with cesium fluoride and tetrabutylammonium bromide at 150° C. 
     HCFC-253ca may be formed by any known method such as the reaction of 1,2,3-trichloro-2-fluoropropane with niobium pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride at 100° C. HCFC-253cb may be formed by any known method such as the reaction of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloropropane with tantalum pentafluoride and hydrogen fluoride at 130° C. 
     The present hydrochlorofluorocarbons may be used as solvents in vapor degreasing, solvent cleaning, cold cleaning, dewatering, dry cleaning, defluxing, decontamination, spot cleaning, aerosol propelled rework, extraction, particle removal, and surfactant cleaning applications. In these uses, the object to be cleaned is immersed in one or more stages in the liquid and/or vaporized solvent or is sprayed with the liquid solvent. Elevated temperatures, ultrasonic energy, and/or agitation may be used to intensify the cleaning effect. 
     The present hydrochlorofluorocarbons are also useful as blowing agents, Rankine cycle and absorption refrigerants, and power fluids and especially as refrigerants for centrifugal refrigeration chillers. 
    
    
     The present invention is more fully illustrated by the following non-limiting Examples. 
     COMPARATIVES 
     The hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 chlorine atoms in Table VII below are isomers of the compounds of the present invention. As discussed above, these compounds have OH rate constants which are less than 8 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  or greater than 25 cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14 . The unit on the K OH  is cm 3  /molecule/sec×10 -14  and the unit on the lifetime is years in Table VII below. 
     
                       TABLE VII______________________________________Number      Chemical Formula                      K.sub.OH                              Lifetime______________________________________HCFC-243eb  CF.sub.2 HCFHCCl.sub.2 H                      31.3    0.24HCFC-243ed  CCl.sub.2 FFHCFH.sub.2                      30.0    0.25HCFC-244bb  CF.sub.3 CFClCH.sub.3                      1.8     4.20HCFC-252aa  CFH.sub.2 CCl.sub.2 CFH.sub.2                      49.33   0.15HCFC-252ab  CH.sub.3 CCl.sub.2 CF.sub.2 H                      34.14   0.22HCFC-252ea  CClH.sub.2 CFHCClFH                      31.8    0.24HCFC-252eb  CFH.sub.2 CFHCCl.sub.2 H                      39.57   0.19HCFC-262fc  CF.sub.2 ClCH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                      2.9     2.61HCFC-271fa  CFH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CClH.sub.2                      35.8    0.21______________________________________ 
    
     EXAMPLES 1-85 
     Each solvent listed in Tables II through V is added to mineral oil in a weight ratio of 50:50 at 27° C. Each solvent is miscible in the mineral oil. 
     Having described the invention in detail and by reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.

Technology Classification (CPC): 2