Patent Abstract:
The invention relates generally to an improvement to a rotary joint and stationary siphon system typically for use in the papermaking process. Disclosed is a siphon support that has a bearing that rotatably engages with a siphon and flow openings that allow for steam flow from the rotary joint to the interior of a heat exchange roll. Further disclosed is a support device with a flow section that receives steam from the rotary joint and transmits it on to the heat exchange roll, wherein the flow section raises the pressure differential across the rotary joint by less than about 2 p.s.i. The support device is also only attached to the rotary joint and siphon thereby reduces the cantilever effect of the stationary siphon. Further disclosed are systems for papermaking that include the siphon support and rotary joint; the siphon support and stationary siphon; and the support, rotary joint and siphon. Further disclosed is a method of assembly wherein the support device is attached to a rotary joint and siphon.

Full Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Technical Field 
   The invention relates to a device, system, and method, for use with a rotary joint and heat transfer cylinders used typically in the papermaking process. Generally, the device, a secondary bearing support, and a stationary siphon system which may employ it, improves the reliability and efficiency of various papermaking machines. 
   2. Related Art 
   A papermaking machine typically includes three main sections: Forming, Pressing and Drying. The raw material, called furnish, is largely water, and is converted to a sheet by these three sections. The first section, Forming, uses vacuum and other means to remove most of the water. At the same time, the fibers of the sheet are formed into the desired mat. The second section, Pressing, removes more water by pressing the sheet between felted rolls. The final phase of removing water from a sheet in a paper machine relies on heated cylinders, called dryers. The Drying frequently consumes more energy than any other section of the machine and, in many cases, more than any other operation in a papermaking mill. 
   One manner of drying the sheet is to use heated cylinders (a.k.a. dryers or cans). These rotating cylinders are heated by a heat transfer medium, typically this may be steam. A dryer section usually includes of many cans arranged in single or multiple tiers. The sheet is threaded through this arrangement of dryers, wrapping partially around a can and passing from can to can. The sheet is heated by the rotating dryer cans and most or all of the remaining water is evaporated from the sheet. 
   Several factors determine the rate of evaporation, or drying, of this remaining water within the sheet. One of these factors is the rate of transfer of the heat from the steam inside the dryer can to the exterior surface of the dryer can. As the sheet contacts a dryer, and the steam within the dryer is condensing, heat is transferred from the condensing steam inside the dryer through the dryer shell and into the sheet. A principle of heat transfer is that heat moves from higher temperatures to lower ones. The rate of this transfer depends on the temperature differential and the resistance to the heat transfer. A significant resistance to the transfer of the heat is the quantity of condensed steam, or condensate, inside the can. 
   A rotary joint, or union, is typically used as a junction point wherein fixed parts of the system meet, or have a junction with, rotating parts of the system. The rotating parts include the can itself and portions of the rotary joint. The fixed parts include other portions of the rotary joint and fixed piping attached to the rotary joint. The steam is supplied to the inside of the can typically through a portion of the rotary joint, or union. In some cases, the condensed steam (i.e., condensate) is evacuated through another portion of the same rotary joint, while in others it is removed through a second rotary joint. Since the condensate collects inside the dryer shell or cylinder, a siphon may be employed to remove the condensate from the shell. The siphon, with its inlet, or pickup, close to the interior surface of the dryer shell, is connected to the rotary joint by a horizontal pipe. The condensate is collected at a tip of the siphon inlet. The condensate then passes into the siphon; then through the horizontal pipe; and, finally through the rotary joint and to the fixed piping connected beyond. 
   Multiple forces must be overcome to remove the condensate from of the can. This is accomplished, in part, by creating a pressure differential. The pressure differential is typically measured between a steam inlet port leading into the rotary joint and a condensate outlet port, also located on the rotary joint. Optimally, the condensate is removed from the can at the same rate at which it is being created from the condensing steam, while concurrently being done with the lowest possible differential pressure. During normal operating conditions, some steam will also exit the dryer in the same manner as the condensate. This exiting steam is commonly referred to as “blowthrough steam”. Blowthrough steam is undesirable. 
   Although condensate is being removed from the dryer can, the amount of condensate that remains in the dryer can at any time is determined, in part, by the distance between the siphon tip and the interior surface of the dryer can and the stability of this interface. The closer the siphon tip can be located to the surface of the dryer shell without contacting the shell, the more of the condensate can be removed from inside the dryer, and the smaller the quantity of condensate remains in the bottom of the inside of the dryer. Exacerbating this issue is that siphon tips also move. The siphon tip movement may be caused by movement in several areas including movement in: the rotary joint; the siphon assembly including both the horizontal and vertical pipe portions; the condensate; the rotating dryer can; paper machine vibration; or, a combination of these. Any reduction in this movement permits the siphon tip to maintain its close and consistent proximity with the condensate and to be placed closer to the interior surface of the can, thereby minimizing the amount of the condensate remaining in the can. 
   The behavior of the condensate inside the can is related to the rotating speed of the can. At very low speeds of rotation, the condensate puddles at the bottom of the can as a result of the forces of gravity. As the speed of rotation increases, however, the combination of centrifugal forces and the adhesion of the condensate to the interior surface of the dryer cylinder causes portions of the condensate puddle to move up the cylinder wall in the same direction as the rotation. This movement of condensate is called “puddling” or “cascading”. 
   During speeds when the condensate is puddling or cascading, a stationary siphon can be used. The stationary designation results from the fact that the siphon is not rotating along with the can (Cf. other siphon designs, such as rotary siphons, which have a siphon which rotates along with the can). Two beneficial features of the stationary siphon include being able to permanently position the siphon tip close to the condensate puddle, and some stationary siphons may be installed and/or removed without personnel having to enter the dryer cylinder. 
   Inherent to the process of removing condensate from the can with a siphon, a portion of the supplied steam will also exit. The quantity of this blowthrough steam is determined, in part, by the magnitude of the differential pressure. In part, the amount of differential pressure is dictated by the flow restrictions in the siphon-rotary joint-piping assembly. Thus, the greater the flow restrictions in the assembly, the greater the requisite differential pressure to adequately pull condensate from the can. Unfortunately, the greater the differential pressure is, the greater amount of blowthrough steam that is also removed from the can. 
   Another deficiency in current stationary siphon systems is mechanical in nature. The entire siphon (i.e., both the horizontal and vertical portions of pipe) frequently is only singularly attached to the interior of the rotary joint at the very end of the horizontal pipe. The siphon may also be supported additionally at a second point close to the aforementioned single point of attachment. These types of siphon connections result in a cantilever of upwards of 50 inches. The cantilever, and the long vertical reach of the vertical portion of the siphon pipe, creates a significant moment arm and resultant stresses on various parts in the rotary joint, including, inter alia, seals and bearings. 
   In summary, a need exists to overcome the above stated, and other, deficiencies in the art. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   It is an advantage of the invention to overcome the above deficiencies in the art. 
   For example, the present invention provides a stable stationary siphon system that when installed will allow the tip of the siphon to be placed close to the interior wall of the dryer cylinder. 
   Further, the present invention improves rotary joint life by transferring a portion of the siphon and horizontal pipe loads off of the rotary joint bearings and seals, which are wear parts of the joint. 
   Also, the present invention reduces the wear and failure of the joint and siphon system by reducing movement of the system in the dryer cylinder. 
   Also, the present invention improves fluid flow by reducing the movement of the siphon tip relative to the condensate puddle. 
   Also, the present invention minimizes the resistances to the flow of fluid through the siphon support. 
   Also, the present invention minimizes the required internal diameter of the dryer journal opening required for optimum fluid flow. 
   Also, the present invention allows the joint and siphon system to be completely assembled prior to installation in a dryer cylinder. 
   Also, the present invention can be employed with conventional rotary joint and siphon designs and commercial pipe for the horizontal pipe. 
   To overcome the aforementioned, and other, deficiencies, the present invention provides a siphon support, a system that employs the support, and method for installing the support 
   In a first general aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for use with a rotary joint and siphon comprising: 
   a siphon support having a first end and a second end, wherein said first end has an internal bearing surface for rotary engagement with said siphon, and wherein said siphon support includes an opening intermediate said first end and said second end for flow of fluid from an interior to an exterior of said siphon support. 
   In a second general aspect, the present invention provides in a stationary siphon system for rotating heat exchanger rolls having an axis of rotation and a journal concentric to the axis of rotation, said stationary siphon system further includes a rotary joint which includes an inlet port for providing a flow of fluid, said siphon system comprising: 
   a siphon support with a plurality of openings extending between an exterior and an interior of said siphon support, said plurality of openings adapted to allow said flow of fluid between said rotary joint and an interior of said journal; and 
   a bearing rotatably attached to said siphon support. 
   In a third general aspect, the present invention provides a support device adapted for use with a rotary joint and stationary siphon system and rotating heat exchanger rolls having an axis of rotation and a journal concentric to the axis of rotation, wherein said rotary joint has an steam inlet pressure and a condensate outlet pressure wherein a pressure differential is measured between said inlet pressure and said outlet pressure, comprising: 
   a flow section adapted to receive steam from said rotary joint and transmit steam to said journal, wherein said flow section is further adapted to raise said pressure differential less than about 2 p.s.i.; and 
   wherein said support device is only attached to a rotatable portion of said rotary joint and to a siphon pipe of said stationary siphon system. 
   In a fourth general aspect, the present invention provides for use in a stationary siphon system and at least one rotating roll having an axis of rotation comprising: 
   a hollow support having at least one opening extending between an exterior and an interior thereof, said at least one opening adapted to allow a flow of steam from said interior of the hollow support to an interior of a journal of said rotating roll, wherein a sum of all areas of the at least one opening is defined, A T ; 
   said hollow support being further adapted to allow for a return condensate pipe to pass through said hollow support, wherein D 3  is defined as an exterior diameter of said return condensate pipe; and 
   said hollow support having a first interior diameter, D 1 , and said hollow support further adapted so that: A T ≧π(D 1   2 −D 3   2 )/4±10%. 
   In a fifth general aspect, the present invention provides a support device adapted for use with a portion of a papermaking system, said system including a rotary joint, stationary siphon, and rotating heat exchange cylinder, wherein said stationary siphon is solely attached to a stationary portion of said rotary joint thereby creating a cantilever, said support device comprising: 
   a support point, wherein said support point reduces said cantilever by attaching said stationary siphon at a rotatable portion of said rotary joint; and 
   said support device is only attached to said stationary siphon and said rotary joint. 
   In a sixth general aspect, the present invention provides a system for papermaking comprising: 
   a siphon support having a first end and a second end, wherein said first end has an internal bearing surface for rotary engagement with a siphon, and wherein said siphon support includes an opening intermediate said first end and said second end for flow of fluid from an interior to an exterior of said siphon support; and 
   a rotary joint operatively attached to said siphon support. 
   In a seventh general aspect, the present invention provides a system for papermaking comprising: 
   a siphon support having a first end and a second end, wherein said first end has an internal bearing surface for rotary engagement with a siphon, and wherein said siphon support includes an opening intermediate said first end and said second end for flow of fluid from an interior to an exterior of said siphon support; and 
   said siphon operatively attached to said siphon support. 
   In an eighth general aspect, the present invention provides a system for papermaking comprising: 
   a siphon support having a first end and a second end, wherein said first end has an internal bearing surface for rotary engagement with a siphon, and wherein said siphon support includes an opening intermediate said first end and said second end for flow of fluid from an interior to an exterior of said siphon support; 
   a rotary joint operatively attached to said siphon support; and 
   said siphon operatively attached to said siphon support. 
   In an ninth general aspect, the present invention provides a method of assembly for use with a rotary joint and siphon system comprising: 
   attaching a siphon support to said rotary joint, wherein said siphon support has a first end and a second end, wherein said first end has an internal bearing surface for rotary engagement with a siphon of said siphon system, and wherein said siphon support includes an opening intermediate said first end and said second end for flow of fluid from an interior to an exterior of said siphon support; 
   attaching said siphon to said rotary joint; and 
   placing said siphon through said siphon support. 
   The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of embodiments of the invention. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, but are not restrictive, of the invention. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The features of the present invention will best be understood from a detailed description of the invention and an embodiment thereof selected for the purposes of illustration and shown in the accompanying drawings in which: 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of a siphon support, in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 2  is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of a bearing portion, in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 3  is a elevational sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a siphon support and bearing portion, in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 4  is a elevational partially sectional view illustrating a rotary joint and siphon system utilizing an embodiment of the invention, in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 5  is an elevational detail sectional view taken through the dryer cylinder illustrating a rotary joint and siphon system and typical behavior of condensate; 
       FIG. 6  is an exterior elevational view illustrating a rotary joint and siphon system with an embodiment of the invention, in accordance with the present invention; 
       FIG. 7  is a elevational partially sectional view illustrating a rotary joint and siphon system with an embodiment of the invention, in accordance with the present invention; and 
       FIG. 8  is a close-up sectional elevation view illustrating a portion of the rotary joint and a stationary siphon system utilizing the invention, in accordance with the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Although certain preferred embodiments of the present invention will be shown and described in detail, it should be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims. The scope of the present invention will in no way be limited to the number of constituting components, the materials thereof, the shapes thereof, the relative arrangement thereof, etc., and are disclosed simply as an example of an embodiment. The features and advantages of the present invention are illustrated in detail in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the drawings. 
   As a preface to the detailed description, it should be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” include plural referents, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. 
   Referring now to the drawings,  FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the present invention, a siphon support, hereinafter designated as  10 . This siphon support, support, or device  10 , is hollow, or has a bore, thereby allowing a flow of fluid there through. As will be discussed below, steam is allowed to pass through (i.e., flow through) the device  10 . A first section  12  of the device  10  may take the shape of a portion of a cone. In the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the first section  12  is frusto-conical (i.e. frustum of a right cylinder cone). The first section  12  has a first end  14  with a bore having an interior surface  16 . A second section  13  of the device  10  has a second end  15  with a bore therein. The second section  13  typically is a hollow right circular cylinder. Through the surface of the first section  12  is at least one flow opening  11 . In the embodiment in which a frustum of a cone is the first section  12 , the bore of the first end  14  is smaller than the bore at the second end  15 . Thus, the smaller diameter end of the frustum on the first section  12  is distal to the second section  13 . In alternative embodiments a plurality of flow openings  11  may be spaced symmetrically, or asymmetrically around the perimeter of the first section  12 . In other embodiments (not shown), the first section  12  may be a cylinder (e.g., circular, elliptical, etc.). Various other geometries for the device  10  that are not shown, are possible wherein the functionalities of the device  10  still remain. An axial centerline of the device  10  is shown at  70 . 
     FIG. 2  illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of a bearing portion  20  of the present invention. The bearing, or bearing portion  20 , which has a bore  21 , is generally a hollow cylinder wherein two sections  23 ,  24  of the bearing  20  have different outside diameters. The first section  23  has a outside diameter that is larger than the outside diameter of the second section  24 . Spaced on the surface of the first section  23  are a plurality of attachment openings  22 , which allow for attachment of the bearing  20  to a horizontal pipe portion  32  (see  FIG. 4 ) of a siphon  30 . Bolts, such as allen-type bolts (not shown), may be used in the attachment openings  22  to secure the bearing portion  20  to the horizontal pipe  32 . Several other methods of rigid attachment between the bearing portion  20  and the horizontal pipe  32  are available. For example, attachment may be by bolts, screws, welding, etc. The bearing portion  20  may be removably attached, or permanently fixed, to the horizontal pipe  32 . For example, in an alternative embodiment (not shown) the bearing portion  20 , or a similar bearing surface, may be machined into (i.e., made integral with) the external surface of the horizontal pipe  32 . An axial centerline of the bearing portion  20  is also shown at  71 . 
   The sectional view in  FIG. 3  shows both device  10  and bearing  20  and their interface when in use. The second section  24  of the bearing  20  is placed within the bore of the first end  14  of the device  10 . Thus, the external surface of the second section  24  bears on, contacts, or may be proximal yet not touching, the adjacent interior surface  16  of the bore of the first end  14  of the first portion  12  of the device  10 . The diameter of bore of the second end  15 , is denoted as D 1 . The diameter of bore  21 , of bearing  20 , is denoted by D 2 . The attachment points  22  of the bearing  20  allows for removable attachment of bearing  20  to the horizontal pipe  32  via attachment means (not shown). Contrastingly, while bearing  20  is fixed to the horizontal pipe  32 , the device  10  is free to rotate around the second section  24  of the bearing  20 . In the embodiment shown, the axial centerlines  70 ,  71  of both parts  10 ,  20  are coaxial. In alternative embodiments (not shown) the two parts  10 ,  20  can be eccentrically arranged. 
   The present invention which provides for an improvement for rotary joint and siphon systems is shown in the installed position in  FIG. 4  in this partial elevation, partially sectional view. The joint and siphon system, or assembly, includes a rotary joint  50 , a siphon support  10 , and bearing  20  and a siphon  30 . The siphon  30  includes a horizontal pipe portion  32  and a vertical, or predominantly vertical pipe portion connected therewith. At the distal end of the vertical pipe portion of the siphon  30  is a siphon tip  31 . The joint and siphon assembly is typically connected to a dryer journal  43  by a flange  53 . In alternative embodiments (not shown), attachment of the joint and siphon system to a dryer  40  by other means, such as threads and bolts, etc. is possible. A dryer  40  (i.e., cylinder or can) is essentially a rotating drum, or cylinder. The dryer  40  is a cylindrical shell having an exterior surface  41  and an interior surface  42 . Extending along the axis of rotation of the dryer  40  is a dryer journal  43 . Within the dryer journal  43  is a journal annulus opening  44 , within which runs the horizontal pipe portion  32  of a siphon  30 . Generally connected to the end of the dryer journal  43  is a rotary joint  50 , which, in turn, is connected to various fixed piping (not shown). Steam is supplied via an inlet  52  to the rotary joint  50 . The condensate leaves the rotary joint  50  via an outlet  51 . Thus, the flow of steam, denoted by  102 , is from the inlet  52 , through portions of the rotary joint  50 , through the device  10 , through the journal annulus opening  44 , to the interior of the dryer  40  beyond. As the steam condenses into condensate it forms a puddle of condensate  100  in the bottom on the dryer  40 . The flow of condensate and blowthrough steam, denoted by  101 , is conversely from the condensate puddle  100 , into a siphon tip  31  and up the vertical portion of the siphon  30 , then through the horizontal pipe portion  32  of the siphon  30  (which is surrounded by the bearing  20  and device  10 ), and then through portions of the rotary joint  50  on to the outlet  51 . Note that while the return flow  101  through the siphon  30  is typically made up of condensate and a quantity of blowthrough steam, occasionally the return flow  101  may comprise entirely of blowthrough steam, or entirely condensate, depending on operating conditions. 
   As the sheet (not shown) contacts the exterior surface  41 , heat is transferred from the cylinder  40  to the sheet. The steam inside the dryer  40  replenishes the heat transferred to the sheet. As the steam contacts the interior surface  42  of the dryer cylinder  40 , it releases heat and eventually becomes a liquid or condensate  100 . The condensate  100  is evacuated from the dryer  40  by a siphon  30 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , the rotation of the dryer  40 , as denoted by directional arrow  60 , causes at least a portion of the condensate  100  puddle formed on the bottom of the dryer  40  to begin to climb the interior surface  42  of the dryer  40  as the speed of rotation of the dryer  40  increases. The climbing, or creep, of the condensate  100  is denoted  103 . 
   The entire rotary joint and siphon system, including the siphon support  10  and bearing  20  are shown in the elevational view of FIG.  6  and the sectional elevational view of  FIG. 7. A  steam source (not shown) is connected to the inlet  52  of the rotary joint  50 . The steam flow  102  is through the rotary joint  50  in an interstitial passageway  59  between the rotary joint body  50  and the horizontal pipe  32 . The openings  11  in the siphon support  10  allow the steam to flow to the journal annulus opening  44 , and the interior of the dryer  40  beyond. The condensate flow  101  is from the siphon tip  31  of the siphon  30 , up the vertical portion of the siphon  30 , through the horizontal pipe portion  32  of the siphon  30 , and exits the rotary joint  50  at the outlet  51 . 
   The rotary joint  50  may have an internal spider  55 , or sleeve, in contact with the horizontal pipe  32 . The rotary joint  50  inter alia has a stationary portion  58 , a rotating portion  54 , one or more bearings  56 , and one or more seals  57 . The stationary portion  58  of the rotary joint  50  is supported by the bearing  56 , which also contacts the rotating portion  54 . The seals  57  are also in contact with the stationary portion  58  and the rotating portion  54 . Thus, the bearing  56  and the seal  57  are wear parts in the rotary joint  50 . With the addition of device  10  and bearing  20  an additional horizontal support point is provided to the siphon  30 . As a result, the moment arm created by the cantilever of the siphon  30  and the vertical portion of the siphon  30  is decreased and the resultant stresses on the various wear, and contact, points within the rotary joint  50  are lessened. 
   A close up elevation sectional view of an embodiment of the invention is shown in detail in FIG.  8 .  FIG. 8  thus represents one of several possible configurations for the invention. A mounting plate  45  is attached to a face of the dryer journal  43 . The rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50  is held firmly in place against the mounting plate  45  by a flange  53  or other suitable means.  FIG. 8  shows the siphon support  10  of which the exterior of the second portion  13  tightly fits into the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50 . Other means (not shown) are practical for aligning the secondary siphon support  10  with the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50 . The siphon support bearing  20  is firmly attached to the horizontal pipe  32 . The siphon support bearing  20 , in turn, fits within the siphon support  10 . Thus, the entire configuration allows for the siphon  30  including the horizontal pipe  32 , along with the device  10  and bearing  20 , and rotary joint  50  to be an entire assembly. The openings  11  in the siphon support  10  allow for the steam to flow  102  from rotary joint  40  to the journal annulus opening  44 . 
   In order to improve fluid flow (i.e., lessen turbulence, increase or maximize flow, etc.) a pipe system should, inter alia, decrease the quantity of bends in the pipe system, lessen the magnitude of any bends in the pipe system (i.e., decrease the angles in the bends), and avoid narrowing of passageways in the pipe system. Thus, improved fluid flow can be obtained by, for example, avoid having any bends in the pipe system of 90° or more. Conversely, by narrowing passageways resistance is built up against the fluid flow. In the present use, a narrowing of passageways results in an increase in the aforementioned pressure differential. This increase, in turn, has the deleterious effect of increasing the volume of blowthrough steam picked up by the siphon  30 . Measured pressure differentials in the art, without the installation of the present invention, typically are of the magnitude of about 3 to 4 psi measured between steam inlet and condensate outlet. The unique shape and configuration of the present invention, when added to a rotary joint and siphon system, does not increase the aforementioned pressure differentials measurably. The invention increases the pressure differential by less than about 2 psi. Thus, an advantage of the present invention, is that the pressure differential remains close to the original range of about 3 to 4 psi. As  FIG. 8  illustrates the device  10 , by virtue of the conical shape of the first section  12 , the flow of steam  102  is unimpeded as the steam passes from the annular space between the second section  13  and the horizontal pipe  32  on to the journal annuls opening  44 . As  FIG. 3  shows, the interior wall of the first section  12  of the device forms an angle φ with a line parallel to the midline axis  70  of the device  10 . Fluid flow restrictions can be diminished by having small angle φ. For example, the angle φ may be set to less than 90°. Further, there may be one or more openings  11  in the siphon support  10 . The total area of the openings  11  is sized so as to not reduce, impede, or restrict, the steam flow  102 . The sum total area of the openings  11  is denoted as A T . Referring to  FIG. 8 , D 3  is defined as the outside diameter of the horizontal pipe  32  in the region where the horizontal pipe  32  passes through either the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50  and/or the second portion  13  of the siphon support  10 . Thus, in order to maintain good fluid flow characteristics, the openings  11  on the siphon support  10  is sized (referring to both FIG.  3  and  FIG. 8 ) according to Equation 1, as follows:
 
 A   T ≧π( D   1   2   −D   3   2 )/4±10%  Equation 1
 
Thus, the total area of the openings  11  are generally sized to equal, or exceed, the total area of the annular space between the interior surface of the second portion  13  and the exterior surface of the adjacent section of the horizontal pipe  32 . An other embodiments of the invention, the device  10  and bearing support  20  together may be sized according to Equation 2, wherein D 1  and D 2  are referred to in FIG.  3 :
 
 A   T ≧π( D   1   2   −D   2   2 )/4±10%  Equation 2
 
   A method of installation of the present invention is as follows: 
   A rotary joint and siphon system employing the present invention has an advantage over the prior art of being fully assembled prior to installation into the dryer cylinder  40  . Further, the assembly requires only attachment of the rotary joint  50  to the dryer  40 . No additional attachment points of the assembly to exterior or interior parts of the dryer  40  (including the dryer journal  43 ) are required. This assembly can be accomplished following several procedures. One such procedure is to first attach the horizontal pipe  32  to the rotary joint  50 . Most commonly, the rotary joint  50  has a female threaded fitting in the stationary portion  58  of the rotary joint  50 . Both ends of the horizontal pipe  32  typically are threaded. One end of the horizontal pipe  32  can be in installed in the female threaded fitting of the rotary joint  50 . 
   Next the siphon support  10  and bearing  20  can be installed. The device  10  and the bearing  20  are fabricated such that the bearing  20  can be inserted into the bore of the first end  14 . The device  10  and bearing  20  interface may be lubricated. In alternative embodiments, this interface may be made from materials that do not require lubrication or are self-lubricating. 
   The bores at the first end  14  and second end  15  in the device  10  allow it to be assembled over the horizontal pipe  32  and positioned next to the rotary joint  50 . The siphon support  10  is aligned concentrically with the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50 . This alignment can be accomplished by a sleeve of the cylinder portion  13  on the siphon support  10  that fits tightly into the bore on the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50 . The attachment of the support  10  to the rotary joint  50  should eliminate any movement between the two parts. 
   If the method of attachment of the rotary joint  50  to the dryer cylinder  40  involves a tight fitting bore and seat on the dryer journal  43 , another manner of alignment is possible. The siphon support  10  may have a small shoulder having the same outer diameter as the end of the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50 . When installed, this shoulder will register in the same tight fitting bore and seat at the end of the rotary joint  50 . The rotary joint  50  is held firmly to the dryer journal  43  using a flanged arrangement. The shoulder of the siphon support  10  will be firmly sandwiched between the end of the rotary joint  50  and the seat of the dryer journal bore when the flange  53  is tightened. To maintain alignment before installation, a small tight fitting lip (See e.g.,  FIG. 3 ) on the secondary siphon support  10  may be engaged in the bore of the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50 . Leaks at the point where the rotating portion  54  of the rotary joint  50  mates with the siphon support  10  and where the siphon support  10  (See e.g.,  FIG. 8 ) can be eliminated by using gaskets (not shown), or other suitable sealing mechanisms. 
   After the siphon support  10  has been installed on the rotary joint  50  and horizontal pipe  32 , the bearing  20  can be installed. The internal bore  21  of the bearing  20  is dimensioned to accept the range of diameters found in commercial pipe. The bearing  20  slides over the end of the horizontal pipe  32  and the smaller external surface  24  of the bearing  20  fits into the siphon support  10 . The bearing  20  is fixed in a concentric manner to the horizontal pipe  32 . This can be accomplished in many manners. For example, a keyless mounting is possible. 
   Next a swivel, or hinge joint, 33  and brace  34  and the vertical pipe section of the siphon  30  are attached to the free end of the horizontal pipe  32  usually via a threaded connection. The vertical pipe section of the siphon  30  is installed such that it will not rotate about the horizontal pipe  32  and that the siphon tip  31  will be in the desired orientation when the assembly is ultimately installed in the dryer cylinder  40 . Note well that the siphon assembly (i.e.,  30 ,  31 ,  32 ,  33 ,  34 ) shown is only one of several designs that can be installed in a dryer can  40  through the journal  43 . For example, other siphon assemblies have different flex joint  33  configurations that those shown, while other assemblies have no brace  34 . 
   Using the internal diameter of the dryer cylinder  40  as a guide, the optimum length of the vertical portion of the siphon  30  in the installed position can be determined. This vertical section of the siphon  30  can be fabricated to this optimum length. This fabrication can be done before or after assembly to the horizontal pipe  32 . 
   With a stationary siphon  30  that incorporates a swivel or hinge  33  at its bending point, the entire rotary joint and siphon assembly (i.e. rotary joint  50 , siphon  30  including horizontal pipe  32 , and support  10  and bearing  20 ) can then be installed directly on, and into, a dryer  40 . This type of a stationary siphon can be held in a straight alignment for installation. The assembly will assume the bent position after insertion into the dryer  40 . The change from the straight position to the bent one may be accomplished by gravity or assisted by springs or other devices. 
   Properly installed the centerline of the joint and siphon assembly will closely agree with the centerline of the dryer cylinder  40 . If this is true, there will be little or no movement of the stationary portion of the siphon  30  when the dryer cylinder  40  is rotating. Additionally, the siphon tip  31  will remain a nearly constant distance from the interior shell wall  42  of the dryer cylinder  40 . 
   The foregoing description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed or to the materials in which the form may be embodied, and many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.

Technology Classification (CPC): 5