Patent Abstract:
A repeating rifle having a bolt action comprises a breech housing ( 1 ), a breech body ( 3 ) which can be moved and can be rotated in this breech housing ( 1 ) and has a movable plug ( 4 ) and a firing pin ( 6 ) which is loaded by a firing pin spring ( 7 ) and has a cocking piece ( 8 ), in which case the breech body ( 3 ) has in its interior a cocking guide which interacts with the cocking piece ( 8 ). In order to achieve maximum safety and maximum operating convenience with as little physical complexity as possible, a cocking cam bush ( 33 ) is guided such that it can be moved in the longitudinal direction in the breech body ( 3 ) as the cocking guide, on which cocking cam bush the firing pin spring ( 7 ) is supported, and the plug ( 4 ) has a guide sleeve ( 36 ) which interacts with the cocking cam bush ( 33 ).

Full Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a repeating rifle having a bolt action, comprising a breech housing, a breech body which can be moved and can be rotated in this breech housing and has a movable plug and a firing pin which is loaded by a firing pin spring and has a cocking piece, in which case the breech body has in its interior a cocking guide which interacts with the cocking piece. 
     AT PS 759051/393 discloses, for example, such a repeating rifle in which the cocking guide is incorporated in the bolt, at the bottom. Although the bolt handle is connected by the force of the firing pin spring to the breech body without any play, no measures are taken, however, to fix it in any position. The plug, which is connected to the breech body, is designed as a bolt safety device there, and can be rotated with respect to the breech body only for this purpose. It is equipped with a trigger vane which points to the rear, for which reason it is also referred to as a vane safety device. 
     Despite the direct bolt safety device, this design cannot satisfy the requirements now placed on safety and operating convenience. The safety device is bulky, cumbersome and difficult to move, and, in particular, interferes with the fitting of a telescopic sight. In order to remove the breech body, the trigger must be moved forward or, alternatively, the breech body can be fitted and removed even with a weapon which has not been made safe, but both of these are dangerous. The bolt handle cannot be fixed in any position and thus also represents a safety risk since it can inadvertently be entirely or partially unlocked, for example by being placed down on a rucksack. 
     An externally located, separate retaining spring was admittedly used for fixing the breech body as early as 1903 in the Mannlicher-Schonauer hunting rifle. However, such a retaining spring which acts all the time is stressed even when the breech is not cocked and thus unnecessarily increases the cocking resistance on opening, which detracts from the operating convenience. 
     The object of the invention is thus to provide a repeating rifle of the type described above wherein maximum safety and maximum operating convenience are achieved with the minimum possible structural complexity. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The foregoing object is achieved according to the invention wherein a cocking cam bush is guided such that it can be moved in the longitudinal direction in the breech body as the cocking guide, on which cocking cam bush the firing pin spring is supported, and in that the plug has a guide sleeve which interacts with the cocking cam bush. 
     The interaction of the cocking bush, the firing pin spring and the guide sleeve, in which case the cocking bush is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the breech body which can rotate, and the guide sleeve is coupled in a rotationally fixed manner to the plug which cannot rotate, results in the bolt being fixed in various angular positions and a direct bolt safety device, without its own separate springs. In addition, the preconditions are created for a range of other operational simplifications and safety measures. 
     In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the cocking cam bush has a locking guide which interacts with a cam on the guide sleeve and is formed by a saddle having rising flanks adjacent thereto on both sides, in which case the cam rests in the saddle when the breech body is located in the firing position, and in which case, when the breech body rotates in either direction, the cam moves the cocking cam bush against the stress of the firing pin spring, by sliding on one rising flank, or the other. 
     Thanks to the locking guide, the additional bolt safety device can also be brought into effect by moving the breech body to a further angular position by movement of the bolt handle, in which case the cam is pressed against one flank of the locking guide. In this further angular position, the bolt handle is resting entirely against the weapon. The saddle in the locking guide, which is loaded by the firing pin spring, holds the breech body in the firing position in a particularly simple manner. If the breech body is rotated counterclockwise for unlocking, the cam presses against the other rising flank of the locking guide. This displaces the cocking cam bush against the force of the firing pin spring. At the same time, the cocking cam bush interacts, however, via its cocking guide with the cocking piece, as a result of which an ergonomic force profile during unlocking and cocking is achieved, even with a cocking guide form that is simple to manufacture. 
     In an advantageous embodiment, the cocking piece has a release plunger which points downward, and the breech body has a recess at its rear edge, in which case this recess comes to rest in front of the release plunger only when the breech body is in the firing position. The rotation between the breech body and the plug with the guide sleeve is thus additionally used for the direct bolt safety device, for which purpose only the recess need be incorporated. 
     There are other options for locking the breech body in the position with the bolt safety device. One particularly simple option is to arrange a latching tab in the circumferential direction on the breech body and to mount a longitudinally located slide rod, which is operated by a safety catch, on the breech housing such that it can move, in which case the latching tab is held by the slide rod when the breech body is in the transportation safety position and the safety catch is inserted. In consequence, the breech body jumps to the firing position when the safety catch is released, and the bolt safety device is removed. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the cocking guide and the locking guide are combined on one radius on the cocking cam bush. The cocking cam bush thus becomes a component which is particularly easy to manufacture, as well as occupying little physical space. 
     A further simplification and advantageous force relationships are achieved in that the combined cocking guide and locking guide extends over an angle of 180° and is present twice on the cocking cam bush, in which case the guide sleeve has two cams spaced apart by 180°, and the cocking piece has teeth which are each located between two cams In consequence, the requirement for physical space is also kept very low, and the machining process is simple. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention will be described and explained in the following text with reference to figures, in which: 
     FIG. 1 shows a partial vertical longitudinal section through a repeating rifle according to the invention, 
     FIG. 2 shows the section along II—II in FIG. 1, reduced, 
     FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of various positions. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In FIG. 1, the breech housing is denoted by  1 . In its interior, this has a cylindrical guide surface  2  in which a cylindrical breech body  3  is guided such that it can be moved longitudinally and can rotate. A plug  4  is arranged behind it and can be moved with the breech body  3  in the longitudinal direction, but cannot be rotated with the latter. An end cap  5  is also fitted to the plug  4 . A firing pin  6  is guided in the interior of the breech body  3  such that it can be moved longitudinally, and a firing pin spring  7  acts on it in the firing direction, with a cocking piece  8  being attached to its rear part. A trigger housing  9  is screwed to the underneath of the breech housing  1 . Only part of this can be seen and its contents are not illustrated, in the same way as a safety catch which is likewise present and is located in the trigger housing—for example in the rear part. A breech holder  10  is guided in the trigger housing  9  such that it can be moved vertically, and is spring-loaded in the upward direction. This breech holder  10  engages in a guide groove  11  in the breech body  3 . This guide groove  11  first of all runs in the circumferential direction and then forward in the axial direction over the majority of the length of the breech body  3 . There, it forms a stop which prevents the breech body  3  from being pulled out completely when the breech holder  10  is in the position shown. Finally,  12  also denotes a catch which is mounted in the trigger housing  9 , holds the cocking piece  8  against the force of the firing pin spring  7  in the firing position, and is released to fire a shot. 
     For this purpose, the cocking piece  8  has a release plunger  30  underneath at its rear end. Two cocking teeth which are offset through 180° are provided at the front end of the cocking piece, an upper tooth  31  and a lower tooth  32 . When the firing spring  7  is being cocked, these teeth interact with a cocking guide  34 , which is formed on a cocking cam bush  33 . This cocking cam bush  33  can be moved longitudinally, but is guided in a rotationally fixed manner in the interior of the breech body  3 , with the firing pin spring  7  being used as an opposing bearing. At its front end, the plug  4  forms a guide sleeve  36  which can be rotated with respect to the breech body  3 , and thus with respect to the cocking cam bush  33 . However, it is connected via segments  37  in the axial direction, which are guided in an inner circumferential groove in the breech body  3 . The figure does not show interruptions in the groove, which allow disassembling in a specific angular position. A longitudinal slot  38  is provided on the underneath of the plug  4 , through which slot the release plunger  30  projects. The firing pin  6  is connected in a rotationally fixed manner through this slot  38  to the plug  4 . At its front end, the guide sleeve  36  has cams  40  (shown by dashed lines) which are offset through 180°, against which the firing pin spring  7  presses the cocking guide  34 . The interaction of the cocking cam bush  33 , cocking piece  8  and guide sleeve  36  will be returned to later. A recess  41  is provided on the rear edge of the breech body  3  and, in the firing position when the safety catch has been released, allows the release plunger  30  to move forward. In all the other safety states, the recess  41  is rotated with respect to the release plunger  30 —the firing pin cannot be actuated. This results in a safety device which acts directly on the firing pin, a so-called bolt safety device. 
     The cross section in FIG. 2 shows a bolt handle  45  which is integrally or permanently connected to the breech body  3 , illustrated in three different positions. In the position  45   a , the breech body  3  is unlocked and can be moved in the longitudinal direction; rotating it onward through a specific angle  44  in the clockwise direction, which angle corresponds to the construction of the interlock (which is not illustrated) of the breech body, a position  45   b  is reached, which is the firing position; rotating it onward through a relatively small angle  43 , a safe-for-transportation position is reached, in which the bolt handle rests very closely against the stock, which is indicated by  50 . 
     The plug  4  and the breech body  3  are also located in this position  45   c . A first latching tab  46  running in the circumferential direction and a second latching tab  47  can be seen on this breech body  3 , successively in the clockwise direction. The latter latching tab is considerably broader in the longitudinal direction than the first latching tab  46 . Only part of a slide rod  24  is shown, the rest being guided on the trigger housing  9 , on which the safety catch is also located. In the position shown, the first latching tab  46  is pressed by the force of the firing pin spring—as is still to be explained—against the slide rod  24 . The breech body  3  is thus held firmly in the safe-for-transportation position. Moving the slide rod  24  by means of the safety catch, which is not illustrated, releases the first latching tab  46 , and the breech body  3  jumps to the firing position, corresponding to the bolt handle position  45   b . In this position, the second latching tab  47  rests against the slide rod  24 . A turned-out region  49 , which is wedge-shaped in the circumferential direction, is provided to create space for the two latching tabs  46 ,  47  in the breech housing  1 . 
     FIG. 3 shows the cocking guide  34 , which is spread out in the plane, of the cocking cam bush  33 . In the chosen representation of the various positions, it is fixed, the illustration showing a cam  40  on the guide sleeve  36  as well as the upper cocking tooth  31  of the cocking piece  8  in the various positions. In this case, the directional arrow  61  corresponds to a movement of the bolt handle  45  counterclockwise. In the preferred embodiment shown, the locking guide  51  and the cocking guide  52  are arranged in a row and there are two of them on the entire circumference since, in fact, there are also two cams  40  and cocking teeth  31 ,  32 , offset through 180° with respect to one another. 
     The locking guide  51  consists of a saddle  53  with, adjacent to it on both sides, a first flank  54  and a second flank  55 , and, finally, a rounded region  56  which is followed by a steep grade  57  to the base  58  of the cocking guide  52 . 
     The cocking guide  52  then has a cocking ramp  59 , whose highest point follows a latch  60 . The various positions are denoted by numbers from  1  to  4 , and the reference symbols of the cocking tooth  31  and cam  40  are followed by an oblique line. 
     In the position  1 , the rifle is ready to fire. The bolt handle  45  is in the position b in FIG. 2; the cocking tooth  31 / 1  is held by the catch  12  (FIG.  1 ); the cam  40 / 41  is located in the saddle  53 . The cocking tooth  31 / 1  is located above the base  58  of the cocking cam. 
     If a shot is fired, the cocking piece  8  jumps forward, and the cocking tooth moves to the second position  31 / 2 . 
     In order to cock the firing pin spring and at the same time to unlock the breech body  3 , the bolt handle is rotated counterclockwise (arrow  61 ), during which two things happen: the cocking tooth  31  is pushed back along the cocking ramp  59 , the firing pin spring  7  being cocked, beyond the highest point into the position  31 / 3 , in which there may be, but need not be, a catch  60 . At the start of this rotational movement, the cam  40  must also move out of the saddle  53  along the first flank  54  and then continue without any longitudinal movement, until it comes to rest behind the rounded region  56  in the position  40 / 3 . During the first phase of this movement, the cocking cam bush  33  is, however, in fact forced to the left, as a result of which the cocking ramp  59  also moves somewhat backward. In consequence, the ergonomically favorable action of a sinusoidal shape is achieved, despite the straight cocking ramp  59 . By suitable selection of the rounded region  56  and/or of the catch  60 , the relevant parts are held in the indicated position even during the displacement movement which now follows, for loading. 
     If the bolt handle is now rotated to the firing position again, then the cam  40  once again moves out of the position  40 / 3  back to the position  40 / 1 , the saddle  53  once again marking the firing position. At the same time, the cocking tooth  31  once again moves back from the position  31 / 3  to the position  31 / 1 . In the process, it not only moves through the distance  44 ′ which corresponds to the angle  44  in FIG. 2, but is also moved backward somewhat. The reason for this is the locking movement of the breech, during which the firing pin spring  7  is tensioned further after striking against the catch  12  (FIG.  1 ). 
     If the safe-for-transportation position is now intended to be assumed, then the bolt handle  45  is rotated in the clockwise direction again through  43 ′, corresponding to the angle  43  in FIG.  2 . In the process, the cam  40  moves from the position  40 / 1  to the position  40 / 4 , having to climb up the second flank  55  against the force of the firing pin spring  7 . This position is then held owing to the fact that the first tab  46  shown in FIG. 2 is held by the slide rod  24  when the latter is in the safe-for-transportation position. If it is moved from this position, then the cam  40  snaps back into the saddle  53  once again, owing to the force of the firing pin spring  7 .

Technology Classification (CPC): 5