Patent Abstract:
A network element for a communication network including a plurality of network elements is provided, wherein the network element includes an input interface adapted to receive an activity signal indicating that a status of a specific network element has changed, a determination unit adapted to determine a neighbour signal of the specific network element indicative for the neighbourhood relationship of the specific network element, and an output interface adapted to send a neighbour signal to the specific network element.

Full Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to the field of network elements, in particular to base station management systems or base station in a mobile communication network. Furthermore, the invention relates to a mobile communication network, a method of communication management in a communication network, a program element, and a computer-readable medium. 
       ART BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    In today&#39;s communication networks, in particular in mobile communication networks, the performance of the communication network is of great interest. One possible feature to increase the performance, e.g. the transmission or sending resources, of the communication may be the use of so-called femto base stations in order to unburden the macro base stations of the communication network. These femto base stations may form access points of the communication network. Possible examples for femto base stations may include each network element implemented in communication networks, e.g. may be a base station of a cordless telephone, computers having WLAN capability, or even mobile telephones of the communication network itself. However, in order to use these femto base stations efficiently a number of problems may arise. For example, according to a service provider working group (SPWG) requirement of the Rel1.6 the handover (HO) between femto cell, i.e. a femto base station, and macro cell, i.e. a macro base station is an important feature. This HO has also be performed in the 3GPP R8 and R9 between macro (e)NB and H(e)NB. 
         [0003]    Thus, there may be a need for a network element and a method of communication management in a communication network which may enable the provision of an efficient handover between a macro cell and a femto cell or between two femto cells. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0004]    This need may be met by a network element, a mobile communication network, a method of communication management in a communication network, a program element, and a computer-readable medium according to the independent claims. Further embodiments of the present invention are described by the dependent claims. 
         [0005]    According to a first exemplary aspect a macro/femto base station management system for a communication network comprising a plurality of network elements is provided, wherein the macro/femto base station management system comprises an input interface adapted to receive an activity signal indicating that a status of a specific network element has changed, a determination unit adapted to determine a neighbour signal of the specific network element indicative for the neighbourhood relationship of the specific network element, and an output interface adapted to send a neighbour signal to the specific network element. 
         [0006]    In particular, the specific network element may be a femto/macro base station. The status of the specific network element may relate to the fact whether the specific network element is part of the communication network or not, e.g. may indicate a registration of a new specific network element, e.g. a femto base station, or may indicate the shutdown of the specific network element. That is, the activity signal may indicate a registration of a new network element or the shutdown/deregistration of a registered network element. 
         [0007]    According to a second exemplary aspect a network element for a communication network is provided, wherein the network element comprises a sending unit adapted send an activity signal indicating that a status of a network element has changed, a receiving unit adapted to receive a neighbour signal from a macro/femto base station management system according to the first exemplary aspect. In particular, the network element may be a femto base station of a communication network. 
         [0008]    According to an exemplary aspect a communication network is provided comprising a macro/femto base station management system according the first exemplary aspect and a network element according the second exemplary aspect. 
         [0009]    According to an exemplary aspect a method of communication management in a communication network is provided, wherein the method comprises receiving an activity signal indicating that a status of a specific network element has changed, determining a neighbour signal of the specific network element indicative for the neighbourhood relationship of the specific network element, and sending a neighbour signal to the specific network element. 
         [0010]    According to an exemplary aspect a program element is provided, which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to control or carry out a method according to an exemplary aspect. 
         [0011]    According to an exemplary aspect a computer-readable medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, is adapted to control or carry out a method according to an exemplary aspect. 
         [0012]    The term “neighbourhood relationship” may particularly denote information relating to neighbouring network elements, e.g. may relate to network elements being arranged in an area which is defined by a specific distance from the specific network element. For femto BS supported networks, femto BS specific character (CSG related attributes, such as CSG access mode, CSG ID) may also be considered during neighbourhood relationship determination. For example, the neighbouring relationship of the specific network element may be defined by a summary of all network elements arranged at a distance less than a predetermined threshold with respect to the specific network element. 
         [0013]    By providing such a macro/femto base station management system and method of communication management it may be possible to enable a determination and distribution of neighbouring base station related capability info at a serving base station which may include a management system. In particular, the determination and sending of the neighbour or neighbouring signal may enable a dynamic informing of network elements about changes in the femto/macro cell of the serving base station, e.g. the registration/deregistration of network elements, e.g. femto base stations. Due to the possible dynamic character it may further be possible to use so-called plug and play femto base stations even in case of a great number of such femto base stations. 
         [0014]    The method according to an exemplary aspect may enable the possibility that each femto/macro BS knows the potential neighbour list and their capability dynamically by using the neighbour signal, which may especially important to femto BS. In particular, the neighbour signal may include or may relate to a neighbour list which may assistant a femto/macro base station for more effective HO. 
         [0015]    Furthermore, the method according to an exemplary aspect may greatly decrease the load of manual network element configuration. It may be used for both macro BS and femto cell BS though it may be more useful to Femto BS. 
         [0016]    The method according to an exemplary aspect may be used for various femto networks, such as 3GPP/3GPP2 based femto networks, WiMAX based femto networks. 
         [0017]    A gist of an exemplary embodiment may be seen in providing a neighbour signal by a management system or unit in a communication network which may include a number of different information relating to neighbouring relationship of a specific network element, e.g. a femto base station, i.e. containing information which may be used for further communications in the communication network. 
         [0018]    Next, further exemplary embodiments of the macro/femto base station management system are described. However, these embodiments also apply to the mobile communication network, the method of communication management in a communication network, the program element, and the computer-readable medium. 
         [0019]    According to another exemplary embodiment the macro/femto base station management system further comprises a storage unit adapted to store the neighbouring list, and related capability of the neighbour in the list. In particular, the specific network element may comprise a storage unit. Furthermore, the macro/femto base station management system may be adapted to re-determine neighbouring signals and/or neighbourhood relationship based on capability change reported or indicated by any other network element, e.g. the specific network element or other base stations, or based on a trigger from an O&amp;M system. 
         [0020]    By providing the macro/femto base station management system with a storage device, it may be possible that information may be stored, e.g. neighbouring lists, in the network element which may be used to determine which neighbouring network elements should be informed of a registration/deregistration of a network element. Furthermore, the storage device or storage unit may be used to dynamically update the information, e.g. the stored neighbouring list. That is, the network element, e.g. a femto/macro BS management system may dynamically change or update the stored neighbouring list, or the management system may send a signal to any other network element, e.g. the specific network element or other macro/femto base station in the communication network so that these other BS may dynamically update their respective neighbouring lists. 
         [0021]    According to another exemplary embodiment of the macro/femto base station management system the activity signal comprises data indicative for the location of the specific network element. In particular, the activity signal may further comprise information relating to identify the specific network element, e.g. may relate to an ID, like a closed subscriber group (CSG) ID, or a access mode, like a CSG mode (CSG open, CSG closed, Open mode). Alternatively or additionally the activity signal may be indicative for the fact that the specific network element was not active for a predetermined time, e.g. no handover communication for a predetermined or certain time period. In this case the neighbour signal may be indicative or may trigger a removing of the specific network element from a neighbouring list. Such an activity signal may be send by any network element of the communication network, e.g. from a femto/macro BS or a mobile station (MS). Another activity signal may be indicative for the fact that a femto base station has received communication or has heard a new network element, e.g. the specific network element, which new network element may thus be reported to the femto/macro BS management system. In this case the resulting neighbour signal may be trigger an adding of the new network element in a neighbour list. 
         [0022]    According to another exemplary embodiment of the macro/femto base station management system the neighbour signal includes list data indicative for a neighbouring list. In particular, the neighbour signal may further include topology data indicative for a topology of the communication network. For example, this topology data may be indicative for or indicate an overlap between a coverage of the specific network element, neighbouring network elements, and their capability info. Furthermore, the network element may be adapted to redetermine neighbouring signals and/or neighbourhood relationship based on capability change reported or indicated by any other network element, e.g. the specific network element or other base stations, or based on a trigger from an O&amp;M system. 
         [0023]    According to another exemplary embodiment of the macro/femto base station management system the neighbouring signal includes information relating to a handover policy. 
         [0024]    According to another exemplary embodiment of the macro/femto base station management system the neighbouring signals includes information relating to one characteristic out of the group consisting of: characteristics of the specific network element, characteristics of at least one neighbouring network element, in particular whether the at least one network element is a macro base station or a femto base station, identification of the type of the specific network element, identification of the type of at least one neighbouring network element, indication of a closed subscriber group identification of the specific network element, indication of a closed subscriber group identification of at least one neighbouring network element, in particular in case the at least one network element is a femto base station, indication of a closed subscriber group service mode of at least one neighbouring network element, in particular of an open mode, a CGS open mode, or a CGS closed mode, and indication of a closed subscriber group membership of at least one neighbouring femto base station. 
         [0025]    In the following some remarks concerning different modes will be made in particular concerning the wording in WiMAX (CGS service mode) and  3 GPP (CSG access mode). In particular, 
         [0026]    In WiMAX:
       Open Model: The most simple service model for femtocells is the Open Model. In this case, admission control and QoS policy is the same as in the macrocellular network. Femtocell admission control and policy is administered the same way as a traditional WiMAX macrocellular base station.   CSG Closed: The CSG Closed service model is intended to allow the service provider to offer femtocells that provide private services to a specific subscriber and a limited subset of WiMAX users identified by the subscriber. From a service perspective this would be similar to that of a WiFi hotspot that is configured with a secret network key that is shared by the hotspot owner with a small group of individuals known by the owner.   CSG Open: The CSG Open service model is similar to the CSG Closed model in that the service provider would identify the primary owner as the CSG account owner. The CSG account owner would be permitted to add a limited number of users to the CSG. However, in this case, the CSG users would not receive exclusive access to the femtocell services, rather they would receive preferential access and services from the femtocell.       
 
         [0030]    In 3GPP:
       In R8, there is closed access mode HNB/HeNB.
           Closed CSG cells only allow the UEs of corresponding CSG subscribers to access. When a UE requests for access via a closed CSG cell, the network shall perform CSG access control for this UE.   
           In R9, there are two additional access modes of HNB/HeNB, i.e. open access mode and hybrid access mode.
           All UEs can access via an open cell. The network does not perform CSG access control for the UEs accessing open cells of HNB/HeNB.   Hybrid CSG cells allow all UEs to access. This is same as open cells or macro cells. If the network knows the access mode is hybrid, the network will not perform CSG access control for the UE.   
               
 
         [0036]    According to another exemplary embodiment of the macro/femto base station management system the output interface is further adapted to send the neighbour signal to at least one network element of the neighbouring relationship of the specific network element. In particular, the neighbour signal or a modified neighbour signal may be sent to several or all neighbouring network elements, e.g. to all network elements defined in the neighbouring list, so that the neighbouring network elements may update their neighbour list by adding the newly registered specific network element or by removing the newly deregistered specific network element. 
         [0037]    Summarizing an exemplary aspect may be seen in the fact that a dynamic topology and capability learning mechanism is provided which may comprise some or all of the following steps and/or features: 
         [0038]    1) When a femto base station (BS) registers to the communication network, a femto/macro BS management system determines a potential neighbour list for the femto BS based on its location info and/or local maintained network topology info, and then provides the potential neighbouring femto/macro BS info list as part of configuration to the femto BS by a message, e.g. a neighbour signal. Neighbouring BS info list may be introduced as new parameters included in the message. 
         [0039]    2) The new registered femto BS stores and maintains the neighbouring femto/macro BS info list provided by femto/macro BS management system for later use. 
         [0040]    3) Based on the changed topology due to the new registered femto BS, the femto/macro BS management system sends or transmits the new femto BS and its related capability info to the potential neighbouring femto/macro BSs, which may be determined before, e.g. by a TR-069 message, and then the femto/macro BSs update their local maintained neighbour lists info by adding the new femto BS related info. 
         [0041]    4) In case a femto BS is shutdown or powered off, the femto/macro BS management system indicates the disappearing of the femto BS to its potential neighbouring femto/macro BS, e.g. by checking the cached neighbour info of the femto BS, by a message, and the potential neighbouring femto/macro BS updates local maintained neighbour list by removing the de-registered Femto BS. 
         [0042]    5) When a femto BS detects the neighbour relation or neighbour relationship change due to new neighbour BS reported from a mobile station (MS), or expired old neighbour BS, i.e. no handover related contact for certain or predetermined time period, it informs the changed neighbour info to the femto/macro BS management system, which may update the local cached neighbour relation info and informs the change to related femto/macro BS. It should be noted that the femto/macro BS management system may inform the new registered femto BS or old deregistered femto BS or other topology or capability change of one or more femto BS to other neighbour femto/macro BS on per femto BS basis or on predetermined time period basis to avoid too frequent message transaction. 
         [0043]    6) The femto/macro BS management system may determine the potential neighbour relationship between femto/macro BSs based on the location info, and CSG attribute (CSG service mode, CSG ID) of the femto BS. For example, two CSG closed femto BS with different CSG ID cannot be neighbours though they are near in geography. It should be noted that the location info of a WiMAX femto access point (WFAP) may be indicated by various formats, such as the following examples:
       Detected macro BS or femto BS (WFAP) info, e.g. WFAP/BS ID,   GPS based info, e.g. geographical coordinates,   Fixed Internet connectivity information, e.g. IP address or port,   Fixed CPE (host the Femto BS) location info contracted with operator.       
 
         [0048]    7) The Femto/Macro BS management system may create and store the neighbour relation info for the new femto BS based on the neighbour determination result, and update the neighbour relation info of each femto/Macro BS dynamically for later use. 
         [0049]    8) If the macro BS does not support the SON feature, the macro BS related info (such as location) may be statically configured on the femto BS management system or provided by O&amp;M system. 
         [0050]    9) A new set parameters to indicate the neighbour info list of a femto/macro BS may be introduced in the data model used between the femto/macro BS management system and femto/macro BS. Several sub-parameters may be used as neighbour info:
       a parameter to indicate the BS type (femto cell BS or macro cell BS),   a parameter to indicate the CSG ID of a Femto BS,   a parameter to indicate the CSG service Mode (Open, CSG Open, CSG closed) of the neighbour Femto BS,   a parameter to indicate the CSG membership of the neighbour Femto BS.       
 
         [0055]    10) A new parameter to indicate the HO policy, e.g. defining HO between femto/macro BS, of a femto/macro BS is introduced in the data model used between the femto/macro BS management system and femto/macro BS. 
         [0056]    In the following some possible parameters which may be suitable to enable a dynamic topology and capability learning by the aforementioned process are enumerated. In particular, in some exemplary aspects the following parameters may be included in the neighbour signals or messages involved in the network topology and capability learning process: 
         [0057]    1) BS/WFAP ID 
         [0058]    2) HO policy about HO between femto/macro BS of the femto/macro BS. It should be noted that the HO policy may denote enabling/disabling or setting preference for various types of HO between macro cell and femto cell or between femto cells. 
         [0059]    3) BS type (to indicate whether it is a femto cell BS or a macro cell BS. 
         [0060]    4) Location info of the femto/macro BS which may be GPS based or fixed access network (DSL) based or detected macro BS ID/Micro BS ID. 
         [0061]    5) The CSG service mode/CSG access mode, e.g. open, CSG closed, CSG open, in WiMAX or open access mode, closed access mode, hybrid access mode in 3GPP, of the femto BS. 
         [0062]    6) The CSG ID of the femto BS. 
         [0063]    7) CSG membership (UE 1 , UE 2 , . . . ) of the femto BS in case the CSG service mode is CSG close, or CSG Open. 
         [0064]    8) Other femto BS related capability info, e.g. load, supported maximum MS numbers or current serving MS numbers. 
         [0065]    In particular, a method according to an exemplary aspect may be used in the context of 3GPP (RAN3, SA5) Rel9.0 and/or WMF NWG (Femtocell, SON) Rel1.6 spec on Femto cell and/or SON WI. 
         [0066]    Such a method may support HO between femto cell and macro cell by defining how WFAP/BS receives network topology info (neighbour BS/WFAP related info) before initiated a HO), for example. Network topology may be especially important to femto cell scenario due to plug&amp;play character and large number of the WFAP (Femto BS). In particular, the network topology may define which neighbour BS may be a potential target BS. 
         [0067]    Furthermore, a method according to an exemplary aspect may be suitable to resolve some of the requirements in the WMF/SPWG Femto System Requirements V0[1].99.doc. Possible requirements may be
       R-[15] A WiMAX Femtocell MAY support handover between adjacent WFAPs assuming coverage overlap between such WiMAX Femtocell and MS&#39;s access right to both WFAP&#39;s.   R-[16] A WiMAX Network supporting WiMAX Femtocells SHALL support handover between WFAPs and the WiMAX Macro Network within the same NAP.   R-[17] A WiMAX network supporting femtocells SHOULD support handover between Femto Access Points and a WiMAX Macro Network residing in a different NAP.   R-[18] The operator SHALL be able to provision, e.g. enable/disable or set preference, for the following types of handovers that are allowed on a per subscriber basis:
           Macro network to femto cell   Femto cell to macro network   Femto cell to femto cell (if supported)   
               
 
         [0075]    It should be noted that for femto/macro base stations of a communication network which do not support a macro/femto base station management system the respective topology info about macro BS may be statically configured or informed by O&amp;M system, while for femto BSs the management system may learn the topology info during the femto BS registration/deregistration process. The capability info of femto BSs may be informed or distributed by O&amp;M system or other network elements outside of the communication network. 
         [0076]    Furthermore, a method according to an exemplary aspect may also be suitable to meet some requirement specification of 3GPP, e.g. it may be possible to support service continuity when user equipment moves from a non-CSG cell to a CSG cell, and/or it may be possible to support service continuity when UE moves from a CSG cell to a non-CSG cell or another CSG cell. A possible HO may be either network initiated or may be initiated by the macro base station (MS). 
         [0077]    It has to be noted that embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to different subject matters. In particular, some embodiments have been described with reference to apparatus type claims whereas other embodiments have been described with reference to method type claims. However, a person skilled in the art will gather from the above and the following description that, unless other notified, in addition to any combination of features belonging to one type of subject matter also any combination between features relating to different subject matters, in particular between features of the apparatus type claims and features of the method type claims is considered to be disclosed within this application. 
         [0078]    The aspects and exemplary embodiments defined above and further aspects of the invention are apparent from the example of embodiment to be described hereinafter and are explained with reference to these examples of embodiment. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0079]      FIG. 1  schematically shows a communication network. 
           [0080]      FIG. 2  schematically shows the process of a femto base station registration. 
           [0081]      FIG. 3  schematically shows a process of updating upon a deregistration. 
           [0082]      FIG. 4  schematically shows a process of an update upon a capability change. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0083]    The illustration in the drawings is schematic. It is noted that in different figures, similar or identical elements are provided with the similar or identical reference signs. 
         [0084]    With reference to  FIG. 1  a communication network  100  will be described. The communication network may be a cellular mobile communication network. 
         [0085]    The communication network  100  comprises two cells  101  and  102  each comprising a corresponding macro base station  103  and  104 , respectively. Furthermore, a plurality of network elements or femto base stations  105 ,  106 ,  107 ,  108 ,  109 ,  110 ,  111 ,  112 , and  113  are schematically depicted in  FIG. 1 . However, the communication network may of course comprise a much higher number of macro base stations and network elements, which may be formed by mobile phones, computers, PDA base stations of cordless telephones or the like, i.e. every communication system which is suitable for a wireless communication. Each of the plurality of network elements may define a single femto cell, i.e. may function as a femto base station as well. It should be noted that although the network elements are depicted as schematically mobile stations, the femto base station may be implemented in any suitable form. Some or all macro base stations  103  and  104  of the communication network may be suitable as or may include femto/macro base station management systems (an example is HMS,H(e)NB management system defined by 3GPP). Alternatively, special network elements may be provided as the femto/macro base station management systems.
   Each of the femto/macro base station management systems comprises an input interface adapted to receive an activity signal, a determination unit adapted to determine a neighbour signal of the specific network element, and an output interface adapted to send the neighbour signal to network elements of the communication system.   The input/output interface and the determination unit may be formed by suitable hardware or software and are not shown in  FIG. 1  for clarity reasons.   
 
         [0088]      FIG. 2  schematically shows the process of a femto base station (BS)  200  registration. 
         [0089]    Step 1 
         [0090]    Initially a TR-069 CWMP session establishment message is exchanged  201  between the femto BS  200  and a femto/macro BS management system (HMS)  202 , which is followed by a TR-069 inform request message  203  which is sent to the femto/macro BS management system by the femto BS sends. The message may include the location info and/or BS ID parameters. The inform request message may be followed by a TR-069 inform response message  204  which is sent from the HMS to the femto BS. 
         [0091]    Step 2 
         [0092]    The femto/macro BS management system determines the potential neighbour femto/macro BSs for the newly registered femto BS  205  based on the location info of the femto BS, and femto BS attribute info (BS type, CSG ID, CSG service mode (CSG-Closed, CSG-Open, Open)) of the femto BS, and known network topology info about other femto/macro BSs. It should be noted that in case the macro BS does not support the so-called SON feature, then macro BSs related info (such as location info) may be statically configured on the femto/macro BS management system or provided by O&amp;M system. 
         [0093]    Step 3 
         [0094]    The femto/macro BS management system  202  prepares for local access information, in particular it sends a neighbour signal  206  which may include a determined neighbour BS info (BS type, CSG ID, CSG service mode) list, HO policy on HO between femto/macro BS, and sets the values on the femto BS using the neighbour signal, e.g. a set parameter values message. Neighbour BS info list may be introduced as new parameters of the message. The set parameter values message may be followed by a TR-069 set parameter response message  207  sent by the femto BS. 
         [0095]    Step 4 
         [0096]    The femto BS knows the potential neighbour femto/macro BSs around it based on the informed neighbor femto/macro BS info list, and may store  208  the neighbour femto/macro BSs related info for later use. 
         [0097]    Step 5 
         [0098]    In case of another TR-069 CWMP session establishment  209  between the HMS  202  and a further femto/macro BS  210  the neighbour list stored in the HMS may be used. Based on the potential neighbour femto/macro BS selected out before, the femto/macro BS management system sends a TR-069 message (Set Parameter Values)  211  to the related neighbour femto/macro BS to inform the appearing of the new registered femto BS and its related info (BS type, CSG ID, CSG service mode, location info). 
         [0099]    Step 6 
         [0100]    The further or neighbour femto/macro BS  210  knows the new registered specific neighbour femto BS  200  upon receiving the TR-069 message  211 , so that it may update local maintained neighbour femto/macro BS info list by adding the new advertised femto BS and its related capability info  212 . 
         [0101]    Step 7 
         [0102]    The neighbour femto/macro BS  210  replies the femto/macro BS management system  202  by a message (Set Parameter Values Response)  213  to confirm the receipt neighbour relation info. 
         [0103]    Step 8 
         [0104]    The femto/macro BS management system  202  updates the local maintained topology and neighbour relation info by adding the new specific femto BS  200  and its related capability info (BS type, CSG service mode, CSG ID/name, supported MS numbers, supported WMF Release Version info, location info)  214 . 
         [0105]      FIG. 3  schematically shows a process of dynamic topology and capability learning upon femto BS  300  deregistration. 
         [0106]    Step 1 
         [0107]    In case a specific femto BS  300  is shutdown or deregistered  301  from the network, a femto/macro BS management system  302  detects the shutdown event  303 , and triggers the network topology update process. This detection may be performed by the femto/macro BS management system by any arbitrary process. 
         [0108]    Step 2 
         [0109]    Based on the local maintained neighbour relation and topology info, the femto/macro BS management system selects out  303  the femto/macro BS  309  which may be affected by the disappearing of the femto BS, i.e. the femto/macro BS has neighbour relation with the disappeared specific femto BS  300 . 
         [0110]    Step 3 
         [0111]    After a TR-069 CWMP session establishment  304  the femto/macro BS management system sends a message (Set Parameter Values message)  305  to the related neighbour BS/WFAP  309  (selected based on maintained neighbour relation info) to indicate the disappearing of the specific femto BS  300 . 
         [0112]    Step 4 
         [0113]    The neighbour femto/macro BS  309  knows the disappearing of the specific femto BS  300  from the received message  305  and may update its local maintained neighbour femto/macro BS list  306  by deleting the specific femto BS  300  and its related capability info. 
         [0114]    Step 5 
         [0115]    The neighbour BS/WFAP  309  replies the femto/macro BS management system  302  by a message (Set Parameter Values Response)  307 . 
         [0116]    Step 6 
         [0117]    The femto/macro BS management system  302  updates the local maintained topology info by deleting the specific femto BS  300  and its related info (BS type, CSG service mode, CSG ID/name, supported MS numbers, supported WMF Release Version info), and its neighbour relation info  308 . 
         [0118]      FIG. 4  schematically shows a process of a dynamic topology and capability learning due to capability or topology change. 
         [0119]    Step 1 
         [0120]    A specific femto BS  400  detects a neighbour BS list change  401  due to new neighbour femto/macro BS  409  reported from a femto/macro BS management system  302 , or old neighbour BS  309  expired due to no contacting for certain long time period. It should be noted that the neighbour femto/macro BS info maintained by a femto BS may aging with the time. In case the timer is expired, the neighbour femto/macro BS is thought as expired and removed from neighbour list. The timer may be started when the neighbour femto/macro BS info is acquired, and restarted when the HO related communication with the related neighbour femto/macro BS happens. 
         [0121]    Step 2 
         [0122]    After a TR-069 CWMP session establishment  403  the specific femto BS  400  sends a TR-069 message (Inform Request&gt;&gt;4 value change)  404  to femto/macro BS management system  402  to inform its changed neighbour BS list info. 
         [0123]    Step 3 
         [0124]    The femto/macro BS management system updates the local maintained neighbour relation info  405  with the change neighbour list info reported by the specific femto BS  400 . It should be noted that the femto/macro BS management system  402  may actively trigger the update process due to capability or subscription change (such as CSG service mode change, CSG ID change) of a femto BS without receiving a trigger message from a specific femto BS  400 . 
         [0125]    Step 4 
         [0126]    The femto/macro BS management system  402  replies the specific femto BS  400  by a TR-069 message (Inform response message)  406 . 
         [0127]    Step 5 
         [0128]    The femto/macro BS management system  402  selects the neighbour femto/macro BS  409  affected by the neighbour info change  407 . The selection may be done by potential neighbour determination mechanism or based on cached neighbour relation info database. 
         [0129]    Step 6 
         [0130]    After a TR-069 CWMP session establishment  408  the femto/macro BS management system  402  sends a TR-069 message (Set Parameter Values)  410  to the related neighbour femto/macro BS  409  affected by the change to inform the new capability and/or neighbour relation info change of the femto BS. 
         [0131]    Step 7 
         [0132]    The femto/macro BS  409  reorganizes the change of the neighbour femto/macro BS from the received topology message, and may update its local maintained neighbour femto/macro BS info list  411 . 
         [0133]    Step 8 
         [0134]    The femto/macro BS  409  replies the femto/macro BS management system  402  by a TR-069 message (Set Parameter Values Response)  412 . 
         [0135]    Summarizing some specific features of a communication network or a communication method according to an exemplary aspect may include that upon registration of a new femto BS, the femto/macro BS management system may send the neighbour info list to the femto BS based on a neighbour relation determination result, and send the new femto BS related info to its related neighbour BSs. Upon the deregistration of a femto BS, the femto/macro BS management system may send the deregistered femto BS to its related neighbour BSs. Upon a capability change (CSG service mode change, CSG ID change, etc), the femto/macro BS management may re-determine the neighbour relationship and inform the change to the related neighbour BSs. 
         [0136]    Summarizing some advantages of some exemplary embodiments may be a controlled overall system load and a transparent scalability without ongoing load-related reconfigurations, in particular the operator may not need to worry about the configuration of the performance data retrieval as the system is able to adjust itself to the load conditions. The network equipment vendor may not need to introduce conservative rough limits on the number of supported NEs and allowed number of performance measurements to be monitored per EMS. Furthermore, no scalability related configuration may be required at system installation and upgrade times. Overload conditions may be detected and appropriate measures may be taken to avoid any negative impact on higher priority tasks like the functioning of the network (call processing) itself. 
         [0137]    Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather then limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be capable of designing many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs shall not be construed as limiting the claims. The word “comprising” and “comprises”, and the like, does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in any claim or the specification as a whole. The singular reference of an element does not exclude the plural reference of such elements and vice-versa. In a device claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of software or hardware. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage. 
       LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS 
       [0000]    
       
           100  Communication network 
           101  Network cell 
           102  Network cell 
           103  Base station 
           104  Base station 
           105 - 112  network elements 
           200  Femto BS 
           201  TR-069 CWMP session establishment message 
           202  Femto/macro BS management system 
           203  TR-069 inform request 
           204  TR-069 inform response 
           205  Potential neighbour determination 
           206  TR-069 Set parameter values message 
           207  TR-069 Set parameter response 
           208  Storing neighbour info list 
           209  Neighbouring BSs 
           210  TR-069 CWMP session establishment message 
           211  TR-069 Set parameter values message 
           212  Updating stored neighbour BS list 
           213  TR-069 Set parameter response 
           214  Updating neighbour relation 
           300  Femto BS 
           301  Detect femto BS shutdown 
           302  Femto/macro BS management system 
           303  Potential neighbour search 
           304  TR-069 CWMP session establishment message 
           305  TR-069 Set parameter values message 
           306  Updating stored neighbour BS list 
           307  TR-069 Set parameter value response 
           308  Updating neighbour relation 
           309  Neighbouring BSs 
           400  Femto BS 
           401  Detect neighbour BS info change 
           402  Femto/macro BS management system 
           403  TR-069 CWMP session establishment message 
           404  TR-069 inform request 
           405  Updating neighbour relation 
           406  TR-069 inform response 
           407  Determining potential neighbours 
           408  TR-069 CWMP session establishment message 
           409  Neighbouring BSs 
           410  TR-069 Set parameter values message 
           411  Updating stored neighbour BS list 
           412  TR-069 Set parameter response

Technology Classification (CPC): 7