Patent Abstract:
Provided is a lighting device capable of reducing an impact on the surrounding area. A lighting device capable of projecting light onto a first projection region and a second projection region which differs from the first projection region, wherein: a first light-emitting element is capable of emitting a flashing light that illuminates the first projection region; a light-blocking part blocks the light emitted by the first light-emitting element that is projected toward a region other than the first projection region; and a first optical path conversion member uses light emitted by the first light-emitting element, and converts the optical path of light emitted by the first light-emitting element in a manner such that the second projection region is illuminated by light perceived to have a smaller brightness/dimness intensity level than the flashing light from the first light-emitting element.

Full Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a national phase filing under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/JP2012/075487, filed on Oct. 2, 2012, and which claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-226594, filed on Oct. 14, 2011, the contents of which prior applications are incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to a lighting device, for example, a lighting device that performs a flashing operation for the purpose of insect proofness in cultivation of plants or the like. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Since the larvae of noctuid moths such as  Helicoverpa armigera  and  Spodoptera litura  give damage to flower and ornamental plants, control of noctuid moths is important. However, many of noctuid moths have acquired drug resistance against various kinds of insecticides. Therefore, it has become difficult to perform the control by insecticides. As a method for controlling noctuid moths, in addition to insecticides, there is night lighting by a moth-proof yellow lighting device which applies light having an oviposition-inhibiting effect to imagines flying to a field for oviposition. A moth-proof yellow lighting device has been widely used since there is no adverse effect caused by fluorescent light in growth and flowering, especially, in carnation and rose. 
         [0004]    As a moth-proof yellow lighting device, for example, there are a lighting device that uses a yellow fluorescent lamp which emits yellow light having a peak wavelength of 560 nm to 580 nm (see Patent Literature 1) and a lighting device that uses a yellow light emitting diode (yellow LED) (see Patent Literature 2, for example). 
         [0005]    Further, in a moth-proof yellow lighting device, a configuration for allowing light to be applied to flash is disclosed as a technique for improving a moth-proof effect (see Patent Literature 3, for example). As a flashing method in a moth-proof yellow lighting device, for example, a configuration that satisfies duty ratio=light period width/(light period width+dark period width)=50% or less is described (see Patent Literature 4). 
         [0006]    As other background art relating to the present invention, a downlight type LED lighting device which is used by being embedded in a ceiling or the like is described in Patent Literature 5. In Patent Literature 6, there is described a pseudo-rotation warning lamp which does not require a rotation driving mechanism since the pseudo-rotation warning lamp is provided with a plurality of LED light sources and a light source circuit, and the light source circuit sequentially controls current flowing to the respective LED light sources. In Patent Literature 7, there is described a surface-mounted LED in which a lens having a mortar-shaped recess and an LED chip are integrated so as to have wide light distribution characteristics. In Patent Literature 8, there is described an LED light bulb that is provided with a single LED module and a lens having a recess, and has a wide light distribution range. 
       PATENT LITERATURE 
       [0000]    
       
         Patent Literature 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-154541 
         Patent Literature 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-274839 
         Patent Literature 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2003-284482 
         Patent Literature 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-068754 
         Patent Literature 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2009-64636 
         Patent Literature 6: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-003440 
         Patent Literature 7: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-344027 
         Patent Literature 8: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-142060 
       
     
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0015]    As described above, in a moth-proof yellow lighting device, it is desired to allow light to be applied to flash in order to improve a moth-proof effect. However, when light to be applied is allowed to flash, flashing light has a predisposition to attract the attention of people outside the field (neighborhood) and irritate them. Therefore, flashing light may disadvantageously give a feeling of discomfort to the neighborhood living near the field. 
         [0016]    Further, also in a street light which emits not flashing light, but continuous light, a lighting device such as a light source for flowering adjustment of agricultural shot-day plants, and a lighting device that has a spectrum suitable for a specific purpose such as red and blue, the color or the spectrum of light emitted from the light source may disadvantageously give a feeling of discomfort or adverse effect to the neighborhood living near the field. Further, also in a lighting device such as a street light which emits not flashing light, but continuous light, when using light with a color component having large light scattering, visibility from a distant place is deteriorated, for example, stars in the night sky becomes difficult to see. Also in such a case, it is desired to further improve the visibility. 
         [0017]    The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a lighting device that can reduce the influence on the surrounding area caused by illumination which may give a feeling of discomfort or adverse effect by flashing or the like. 
         [0018]    In a first aspect, in order to achieve the above object, a lighting device according to the present invention includes at least one first light emitting element; a light blocking unit; and a first light path conversion member, and is capable of applying light to a first illumination region and a second illumination region different from the first illumination region, wherein the first light emitting element is capable of emitting flashing light illuminating the first illumination region, the light blocking unit blocks light that is emitted from the first light emitting element and directed to a region other than the first illumination region, and the first light path conversion member converts an optical path of light emitted from the first light emitting element so that the second illumination region is illuminated with light that is perceived to have a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light from the first light emitting element using light emitted from the first light emitting element. 
         [0019]    In a second aspect, in order to achieve the above object, a lighting device according to the present invention includes at least one first light emitting element; at least one second light emitting element; and a light blocking unit, and is capable of applying light to a first illumination region and a second illumination region different from the first illumination region, wherein the first light emitting element is capable of emitting flashing light that reaches the first illumination region, the light blocking unit blocks light that is emitted from the first light emitting element and directed to a region other than the first illumination region, and the second illumination region is illuminated with light that is perceived to have a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light from the first light emitting element using at least a part of light emitted from the second light emitting element. 
         [0020]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, light illuminating the second illumination region is light that is perceived as continuous light by a person at the second illumination region. 
         [0021]    More preferably, the lighting device of any of the above aspects includes a first optical path conversion member converting the optical path of light entering the first optical path conversion member so as to illuminate the second illumination region, wherein the first optical path conversion member is provided outside an internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit. 
         [0022]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, comprising a plurality of first light emitting elements, wherein each of all-dark periods in which all of the first light emitting elements are in a dark state is set shorter than time perceivable by a human being. 
         [0023]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, comprising a plurality of first light emitting elements, wherein a light-dark pattern defined by the position of a first light emitting element in a light state and the position of a first light emitting element in a dark state rotates with the lapse of time. 
         [0024]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, the light blocking unit includes a side light blocking unit blocking light that is directed to the second illumination region from the first light emitting element without conversion of the optical path thereof, and an upper light blocking unit covering the upper part of the side light blocking unit. 
         [0025]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, the first light emitting element comprises a plurality of first light emitting elements, and a first light-dark pattern defined by the position of a first light emitting element in a light state and the position of a first light emitting element in a dark state and a second light-dark pattern which is a reverse pattern of the first light-dark pattern are temporally alternately set. 
         [0026]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, the second light emitting element emits continuous light. 
         [0027]    More preferably, in the lighting device of the above second aspect, the second light emitting element is a phosphor emitting visible light, and further, the second light emitting element is a phosphor emitting light by being excited by light emitted from the first light emitting element. 
         [0028]    More preferably, in the lighting device of the above second aspect, the second light emitting element emits light so that the intensity of the entire light that is directly or indirectly applied to the second illumination region falls within a predetermined light intensity range when viewed from a person at the second illumination region depending on the emission intensity of the first light emitting element viewed from a person at the second illumination region. 
         [0029]    More preferably, the lighting device of any of the above aspects includes a second optical path conversion member bending an optical axis of the first light emitting element toward the first illumination region. 
         [0030]    More preferably, the lighting device of any of the above aspects includes a central axis, wherein the first illumination region includes a region below the central axis, and the second illumination region includes a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the lighting device. 
         [0031]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, a direction of light that is emitted from the first light emitting element and passes through the boundary between the first illumination region and an external region is defined as an outer boundary direction, and an angle of the outer boundary direction with respect to the central axis of the lighting device is 45° or more and 85° or less. 
         [0032]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, a direction of light that is emitted from the first light emitting element and passes through the boundary between the first illumination region and an external region is defined as an outer boundary direction, a direction of light that is emitted from the first light emitting element and has a maximum intensity is defined as a reference direction, and an angle of the reference direction with respect to the outer boundary direction is set to the range from 20° inside with respect to the first illumination region to 30° outside with respect to the first illumination region. 
         [0033]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, the first light emitting element emits yellow component light having a peak wavelength of 540 nm or more and 620 nm or less, and does not emit blue component light having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm or emits light having an intensity that does not allow blue component light having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm to have an insect attracting action. 
         [0034]    More preferably, in the lighting device of any of the above aspects, each of a light period and a dark period of the flashing light is 10 ms or more and 1000 ms or less. 
         [0035]    In a third aspect, in order to achieve the above object, a lighting device according to the present invention includes at least one first light emitting element; at least one second light emitting element; and a light blocking unit, and is capable of applying light to a first illumination region and a second illumination region different from the first illumination region, wherein the first light emitting element is capable of emitting main light illuminating the first illumination region, the second light emitting element is capable of emitting auxiliary light having a spectrum different from the spectrum of the main light, the auxiliary light illuminating the second illumination region, the light blocking unit blocks light that is emitted from the first light emitting element and directed to a region other than the first illumination region, light emitted from the second light emitting element is applied to the second illumination region, and the second illumination region includes a direction perpendicular to an axis of the lighting device. 
         [0036]    With the lighting device of the first aspect, flashing light as main light is applied only to the first illumination region, and light as auxiliary light that is perceived to have a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light (continuous light, for example) is applied to the second illumination region in which a person is present. Therefore, light from the lighting device of the above aspect is recognized as light having a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light by a person at the second illumination region. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a feeling of discomfort to the person caused by flashing light while maintaining a moth-proof effect by the flashing light. Further, even if reflected or scattered flashing light reaches a person at the second illumination region, the person at the second illumination region mainly observes light having a smaller light-dark intensity difference than the flashing light that has reached the second illumination region (continuous light, for example). Therefore, it is possible to reduce a feeling of discomfort to the person compared to the case with only flashing light. 
         [0037]    With the lighting device of the second aspect, flashing light as main light is applied only to the first illumination region, and light as auxiliary light that is perceived to have a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light (continuous light, for example) is applied to the second illumination region in which a person is present. Therefore, light from the lighting device of the above aspect is recognized as light having a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light by a person at the second illumination region. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a feeling of discomfort to the person caused by flashing light while maintaining a moth-proof effect by the flashing light. Further, even if reflected or scattered flashing light reaches a person at the second illumination region, the person at the second illumination region mainly observes light having a smaller light-dark intensity difference than the flashing light that has reached the second illumination region (continuous light, for example). Therefore, it is possible to reduce a feeling of discomfort to the person compared to the case with only flashing light. 
         [0038]    With the lighting device of the third aspect, main light is applied only to the first illumination region, and auxiliary light is applied to the second illumination region in which a person is present. For example, by making the auxiliary light have preferred characteristics (spectrum) for a person at a distance place compared to the main light, it is possible to reduce the influence of the main light on the person at a distant place. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0039]      FIGS. 1A to 1C  are a schematic external view, a schematic cross-sectional view, and a schematic bottom view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a first embodiment of a lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0040]      FIG. 2  is a graph illustrating the spectrum of a first light emitting element which constitutes the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0041]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the lighting device and a person in the first embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0042]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram illustrating the change with time of partial illumination regions in a first illumination region in the first embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0043]      FIG. 5  is a graph illustrating the change with time of light-dark in the first embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0044]      FIG. 6  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a second embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0045]      FIG. 7  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a third embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0046]      FIG. 8  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a fourth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0047]      FIGS. 9A and 9B  are a schematic cross-sectional view and a bottom view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a fifth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0048]      FIGS. 10A and 10B  are graphs illustrating the change with time of light emission of a first light emitting element and a second light emitting element in the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0049]      FIGS. 11A and 11B  are a schematic perspective view and a schematic bottom view (the configuration inside an internal space excepting a window and a light scattering member) illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a sixth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0050]      FIGS. 12A to 12C  are schematic diagrams illustrating the change with time of partial illumination regions in a first illumination region in the sixth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0051]      FIG. 13  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the arrangement of first light emitting elements in another embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0052]      FIGS. 14A to 14E  are graphs illustrating the change with time of a light-dark pattern in another embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0053]      FIGS. 15A and 15B  are schematic partial cross-sectional views illustrating the configuration of a window in another embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0054]      FIGS. 16A and 16B  are a schematic cross-sectional view and a bottom view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in an eighth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0055]      FIGS. 17A and 17B  are a schematic cross-sectional view and a bottom view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a ninth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
           [0056]      FIGS. 18A and 18B  are a schematic cross-sectional view and a bottom view illustrating an example of the schematic configuration in a tenth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0057]    Hereinbelow, embodiments of a lighting device according to the present invention will be described on the basis of the drawings. 
         [0058]    The first embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 1A to 5 . In the present embodiment, a moth-proof lighting device that is used for the purpose of preventing insects such as noctuid moths which give damage to flower and ornamental plants is assumed as a lighting device  1 A. 
         [0059]    First, the configuration of the lighting device  1 A will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 1A to 3 . 
         [0060]    In  FIGS. 1A to 1C , for the purpose of explanation, the lighting device  1 A has an axisymmetric shape. Further, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis α of the lighting device  1 A, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto. The Y axis and the Z axis are perpendicular to each other. Although a description will be made assuming the central axis α as the direction of gravity for the purpose of explanation, the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, the shape of the lighting device  1 A is not necessarily an axisymmetric shape.  FIG. 1A  is a schematic external view illustrating the external appearance of the lighting device  1 A;  FIG. 1B  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 A; and  FIG. 1C  is a schematic bottom view viewed from a lower direction of the central axis α of the lighting device  1 A. 
         [0061]    The lighting device  1 A is provided with LEDs as a plurality of first light emitting elements  11 . The lighting device  1 A can apply main light which is flashing light to a first illumination region which includes a downwardly extended part of the central axis α, and can apply auxiliary light which can be recognized as continuous light by a human being to a second illumination region which is different from the first illumination region and includes the direction perpendicular to the central axis α from the lighting device  1 A. 
         [0062]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIGS. 1A to 1C , the lighting device  1 A is an LED bulb type lighting device. The lighting device  1 A is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , a drive circuit  4  which is arranged inside the outer wall member  2 , the plurality of first light emitting elements  11  which can emit flashing light, a light blocking unit  12  which blocks flashing light that is emitted from the first light emitting elements  11  and directly heads for the second illumination region from the lighting device  1 A without passing through a first optical path conversion member, and a light scattering unit  17  as the first optical path conversion member which converts the optical path of a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  11 . The lighting device  1 A applies auxiliary light which is perceived as continuous light by a person at the second illumination region to the second illumination region from the first light emitting elements  11  through the light scattering unit  17 . A target for light blocking by the light blocking unit  12  is light that directly heads for a region other than the first illumination region from the lighting device  1 A, and light reflected by plants or the like is exempt from the light blocking. 
         [0063]    In the present embodiment, the first illumination region is set to a target area for insect proofness, for example, a cultivation area of carnation or rose at the time of use (in this case, the same as the time of installation). In this specification, it is assumed that a plurality of lighting devices  1 A are used for a single cultivation area. The first illumination regions of the lighting devices  1 A are set so that the entire cultivation area corresponds to any of the first illumination regions of the lighting devices  1 A. 
         [0064]    The second illumination region is set so as to include the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the lighting device, and corresponds to a direction in which people of the neighborhood are present when normally using the lighting device  1 A. 
         [0065]    The plug  3  is connected to a commercial AC power source (AC100 V to 230 V, 50 Hz or 60 Hz), and supplies power to the drive circuit  4 . The plug  3  may have a configuration that can be connected to a DC power source or a pulsed power source. In this case, a power circuit  4   b  inside the drive circuit  4  may not be provided. 
         [0066]    As illustrated in  FIG. 1A , the outer wall member  2  includes a tubular member which expands downward so as to be axisymmetric to the central axis α. The tubular member is composed of a material having a function to dissipate heat generated from the first light emitting elements  11 . The plug  3  is provided on the upper end of the tubular member, and the drive circuit  4  is provided inside an internal space of the central part of the tubular member. The external dimension of the lower end of the tubular member which constitutes the outer wall member  2  (“L”) is, for example, 58 mm. The shape of the outer wall member  2  may not be a tubular shape, and may be the side face of a rectangular column or a frustum, or other shapes. Hereinbelow, in the present embodiment, a description will be made assuming the case where the lighting device  1 A is installed so that the central axis α is parallel to the vertical direction (the direction of gravity) at the time of use. However, the central axis α is not necessarily parallel to the vertical direction, and the installation position or angle may differ between the time of use and the time of non-use. 
         [0067]    The drive circuit  4  includes a flashing circuit  4   a  which controls a flashing operation of the first light emitting elements  11  and the power circuit  4   b  which supplies a predetermined power to the first light emitting elements  11 . The flashing circuit  4   a  and the power circuit  4   b  are not necessarily provided on the same circuit board as the drive circuit  4 . The flashing circuit  4   a  and the power circuit  4   b  may be individually provided on different circuit boards, or only the flashing circuit  4   a  or a part of the drive circuit  4  may be provided on the inner side of the outer wall member  2 . 
         [0068]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, eight first light emitting elements  11   a  to  11   h , a printed circuit board  15  on which the light emitting elements  11  are mounted, and the light blocking unit  12  are provided. 
         [0069]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 1B , the light blocking unit  12  includes a side light blocking unit  13  which is formed of the side face of a truncated cone and an upper light blocking unit  14  which is formed of the top face of the truncated cone. The side light blocking unit  13  restricts the direction of flashing light emitted from the first light emitting elements  11  so as not to directly reach a person at a distant place from the lighting device  1 A, and has a function to block main light (flashing light) so as not to be directed at least to the direction perpendicular to the central axis α. The inner side of the light blocking unit  12  is formed into a mirror surface or a white reflection surface. In order to reduce unnecessary reflected light or scattered light, a part or the entire of the inner side of the light blocking unit  12  may have a configuration that prevents the generation of reflected light and scattered light such as a black surface. Further, the light blocking unit  32  is placed adjacent to an opening of the outer wall member  2  so that the central axis of the light blocking unit  12  overlaps with the central axis α of the outer wall member  2 , the upper light blocking unit  14  is located on the side facing the drive circuit  4 , and an opening of the light blocking unit  12  is located on the opposite side of the drive circuit  4 . 
         [0070]    The printed circuit board  15  is a flexible circuit board, and is provided in the side light blocking unit  13  along the edge thereof inside an internal space having a truncated cone shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  12 . 
         [0071]    The first light emitting elements  11  are annularly arranged at equal intervals on the flexible circuit board. 
         [0072]    In the present embodiment, each of the first light emitting elements  11  is a surface-mounted LED which has an excellent heat dissipation property and is suitable for illumination requiring high luminance, is constituted using a blue LED element and a yellow phosphor, and emits light having a color coordinate of (0.42, 0.48).  FIG. 2  illustrates the spectrum of each of the first light emitting elements  11  in the present embodiment. As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the peak wavelength of the first light emitting elements  11  is set to 565 nm. Further, blue components having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm which attract insects such as a moth are reduced. Further, yellow components having a wavelength of 565 nm to 590 nm which are avoided by insects such as a moth and suppress the action (copulation) of insects are increased. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high moth-proof effect. Containing less blue components means that the emission intensity of the blue components is small enough to be able to ignore an insect attracting action. 
         [0073]    In the present embodiment, the case where the peak wavelength is set to 565 nm has been described. However, the peak wavelength is preferably 540 nm or more and 620 nm or less, and more preferably 565 nm or more and 590 nm or less. Further, a normal white LED or bulb color LED and a filter through which a blue component which attracts insects is not transmitted or hardly transmitted may be used so that light of a color having a moth-proof effect is applied to the first illumination region without using a yellow LED. A bulb color LED contains less blue components, and therefore does not necessarily require a filter. 
         [0074]    In this specification, the case where a surface-mounted LED is used is described. However, a shell type LED which has a narrow half-value width of the radiation angle and strong directivity may be used. Since a shell type LED has a strong directivity, it is easy to illuminate a specific region. Therefore, the optical design of a light emission device becomes easy. 
         [0075]      FIG. 3  illustrates the positional relationship between the lighting device  1 A and partial illumination regions AS 11  and AS 15  and a person H at a distant place when the lighting device  1 A is installed, that is, when the central axis α of the outer wall member  2  is made parallel to the vertical direction X. The partial illumination region AS 11  indicates a region to which light emitted from the first light emitting element  11   a  is directly applied without passing through the light scattering unit  17 . The partial illumination region AS 15  indicates a region to which light emitted from the first light emitting element  11   e  is directly applied without passing through the light scattering unit  17 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the lighting device  1 A is installed so that the central axis α thereof is parallel to the vertical direction X and light scattered by the light scattering unit  17  as the first optical conversion member is visually recognized by the person H at a distant place. 
         [0076]    Hereinbelow, for the purpose of explanation, the first light emitting element  11   a  will be described. However, the first light emitting elements  11   b  to  11   h  have the same configuration as the first light emitting element  11   a . In  FIG. 3 , the direction of light that is emitted from the first light emitting element  11  and passes through the boundary between the first illumination region and an external region is denoted by an outer boundary direction β, an optical axis of the first light emitting element  11  (the direction in which the intensity becomes maximum, in this case) is denoted by a reference direction γ, the angle between the central axis α and the outer boundary direction β is denoted by θ 1 , and the angle between the central axis α and the reference direction γ is denoted by θ 2 . 
         [0077]    The angle θ 1  is set to an angle that does not allow the person H at a distant position that is substantially perpendicular to the central axis α of the lighting device  1 A to directly visually recognize main light emitted from the first light emitting element  11  and can ensure the size of the first illumination region. In order to ensure the size of the first illumination region, θ 1  is preferably set to 45° or more. Therefore, θ 1  is preferably set to 45° or more and 85° or less. Further, θ 1  is more preferably set to 60° or more and 80° or less. In the present embodiment, θ 1  is set to 75°. The angle of θ 1  is appropriately set depending on the installation angle of the present embodiment and optical components of the first light emitting element  11  (the size of scattered light or the like). 
         [0078]    Further, in the present embodiment, the angle (θ 2 −θ 1 ) of the reference direction γ with respect to the outer boundary direction β is set to the range from 20° inside with respect to the first illumination region to 30° outside with respect to the first illumination region (−20° to +30°), specifically, set to θ 2 −θ 1 =−5°, and θ 2 =70°. The angle (θ 2 −θ 1 ) is more preferably set to −10° to +15°. By setting θ 1  and θ 2  in this manner, it is possible to suppress the intensity of light applied to a region directly below the lighting device  1 A at the time of use and increase the intensity of light applied to the vicinity of the boundary between the first illumination region and the external region. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent noctuid moths from entering the first illumination region. As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , main light from two first light emitting elements  11  is applied to the region directly below the lighting device  1 A (an overlapping region between AS 11  and AS 15 ) at the time of use, and only main light from one first light emitting element  11  is applied to a region other than the region directly below the lighting device  1 A. Therefore, by increasing the intensity of light applied to a region near the external region in the first illumination region, it is possible to reduce unevenness in the intensity of light applied to the first illumination region. A value of the angle (θ 2 −θ 1 ) is appropriately set depending on the installation angle of the lighting device  1 A and optical components of the first light emitting elements  11  (the size of scattered light or the like). 
         [0079]    Light from the first light emitting elements  11  is blocked by the light blocking unit  12 , and therefore cannot be directly visually recognized from the person H. However, light reflected by the ground or plants may be visually recognized. In the lighting device  1 A, since the light scattering unit as the first optical path conversion member is provided, the attention of the person H at the second illumination region is more attracted to auxiliary light from the light scattering unit, and the influence of light reflected by the ground or plants is therefore reduced. 
         [0080]    In the present embodiment, the light scattering member  17  as the first optical path conversion member which directs a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  11  toward the second illumination region as auxiliary light is provided. The light scattering member  17  is arranged on the center of a window  16  which is composed of a flat plate-like transparent member which covers the bottom face of the internal space of the light blocking unit  12  outside (lower side) the internal space having a truncated cone shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  12 . The light blocking unit  12  is sealed by the window  16  to protect the first light emitting elements  11  from rain or the like. In the present embodiment, the window  16  is provided, and the light scattering member  17  is provided on the center of the window  16 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The window  16  is not necessarily provided. The light scattering member  17  is only required to be provided outside the internal space, and may also be provided in a place other than the window  16 . 
         [0081]    More specifically, the light scattering member  17  scatters light entering the light scattering member  17  so as to include light having an angle in the range of 85° to 90° with respect to the central axis α. The light scattering member  17  is composed of a transparent resin, glass having a roughened surface, a white resin such as silicon-based resin and fluorine-based resin, a white sponge, or white ceramics such as alumina. Further, the light scattering member  17  is arranged at an equal distance from all of the first light emitting elements  11   a  to  11   h . Therefore, when viewed from the person H illustrated in  FIG. 3  (described below), whichever of the first light emitting elements  11   a  to  11   h  is turned on, the intensity of light emitted from the light scattering unit is substantially constant. 
         [0082]    Next, a light applying operation in the lighting device  1 A will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 4 and 5 . 
         [0083]    In the following description, a dark state is not necessarily an off state in which the first light emitting elements  11  do not emit light. It is only required that there is a difference between the intensity of light in a light state and the intensity of light in a dark state. 
         [0084]    In the present embodiment, the flashing circuit  4   a  of the drive circuit  4  performs driving control so that a light-dark pattern which is defined by the position of a first light emitting element  11  in a light state and the position of a first light emitting element  11  in a dark state in the plurality of first light emitting elements  11  rotates with the lapse of time (illumination by pseudo-rotating light). 
         [0085]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , a light-dark pattern in which two first light emitting elements  11  that are located symmetrical to each other are in a light state and the other first light emitting elements  11  are in a dark state rotates in the clockwise direction in  FIG. 1C . The rotation direction may be an opposite direction. By allowing the two first light emitting elements  11  located symmetrical to each other to become a light state at the same time, it is possible to suppress the influence of a shadow in the light scattering member  17  and further suppress flickering of light reflected and scattered from the first illumination region. 
         [0086]    In  FIG. 5 , an interval Tb for switching change with time of a light-dark pattern is set to 20 ms. Since eight first light emitting elements  11  are provided in the present embodiment, each of the first light emitting elements  11  becomes a light state at every 80 ms (a flashing period is 80 ms). The interval Tb is 2 ms or more and 4000 ms or less in the present embodiment in view of a moth-proof effect. However, the interval Tb is more preferably 8 ms or more and 2000 ms or less, further more preferably 15 ms or more and 1000 ms or less, and most preferably 30 ms or more and 200 ms or less. 
         [0087]    As illustrated in  FIG. 5 , from time T 1  to time T 2 , the first light emitting element  11   a  and the first light emitting element  11   e  are in a light state, and, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , flashing light is applied to the partial illumination regions AS 11  and AS 15 . From time T 2  to time T 3 , the first light emitting element  11   b  and the first light emitting element  11   f  are in a light state, and flashing light is applied to partial illumination regions AS 12  and AS 16 . Similarly, from time T 3  to time T 4 , the first light emitting element  11   c  and the first light emitting element  11   g  are in a light state, and flashing light is applied to partial illumination regions AS 13  and AS 17 . From time T 4  to time T 5 , the first light emitting element  11   d  and the first light emitting element  11   h  are in a light state, and flashing light is applied to partial illumination regions AS 14  and AS 18 . With such a configuration, a partial illumination region looks like rotating in the clockwise direction on the first illumination region. 
         [0088]    As described above, in the present embodiment, any one of the first light emitting elements  11  is always in a light state, and there is no all-dark period in which all of the first light emitting elements  11  are in a dark state (a configuration with zero all-dark period) in a use state. In the present embodiment, since a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  11  is scattered by the scattering member so as to be used as auxiliary light, the light scattering member  17  constantly shines. Therefore, the person H illustrated in  FIG. 3  can perceive light from the light scattering member  17  as continuous light or light having a smaller light-dark intensity difference than flashing light from each of the first light emitting elements  11 . The all-dark period is not necessarily zero, and when the all-dark period is set to be shorter than time that is perceivable by a human being, the person H can perceive the light as continuous light. A normal person can perceive the light as continuous light when the all-dark period is 10 ms or less. Even a considerably sensitive person can perceive the light as continuous light when the all-dark period is 5 ms or less. Therefore, when switching a light-dark pattern, an all-dark period of 5 ms or less may be generated. 
         [0089]    Next, the installation state and light applying state of the lighting devices  1 A in the entire field will be described. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that a plurality of lighting devices  1 A are installed in the field. 
         [0090]    The arrangement of the lighting devices  1 A is set so that the entire field corresponds to any of the first illumination regions of the respective lighting devices  1 A and the first illumination regions of the respective lighting devices  1 A do not overlap with each other as far as possible since, in an overlapping region between first illumination regions, time during which light is applied thereto becomes long and a flashing effect may therefore be reduced. However, in the case where first illumination regions overlap with each other, if the state (a light state or a dark state) of first light emitting elements which apply light to the overlapping region between the first illumination regions is the same between two lighting devices  1 A, a flashing effect is not reduced even when the first illumination regions overlap with each other. 
         [0091]    Specifically, when the height of a plant is 1 m, the height of lighting devices  1 A is set to 1.8 m, and a distance between adjacent two lighting devices  1 A is set to 6 m so that the illuminance at the tip of the plant becomes 1 to 101 x, and the corresponding light energy density becomes 2 to 20 mW/m 2 . In the case of an 18 m×18 m field, nine (3×3=9) lighting devices  1 A are provided. 
         [0092]    Light from the light scattering member  17  is not limited to continuous light, and is only required to be light having a smaller light-dark intensity difference perceived by a human being than flashing light from each of the first light emitting elements  11 . 
         [0093]    The second embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention will be described on the basis of  FIG. 6 . In the present embodiment, as with the first embodiment, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0094]    In the present embodiment, there will be described a case where a prism  26  as a second optical path conversion member which bends light that is emitted from a first light emitting element  21  and directed to a direction other than a first illumination region toward the first illumination region is provided compared to the lighting device  1 A of the first embodiment. 
         [0095]    In  FIG. 6 , for the purpose of explanation, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis a of a lighting device  1 B, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set so as to be perpendicular thereto in the same manner as in  FIGS. 1A to 1C .  FIG. 6  illustrates a cross section including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 B in the present embodiment. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0096]    As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the lighting device  1 B is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with a plurality of first light emitting elements  21 , and can apply main light to the first illumination region which includes a downwardly extended part of the central axis α and can apply auxiliary light to a second illumination region which includes the direction perpendicular to the central axis α from the lighting device  1 B through a light scattering member  17  as a first optical path conversion member. The lighting device  1 B is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , and a drive circuit  4 . The configurations of the plug  3 , the outer wall member  2 , and the drive circuit  4  are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, the setting of the first illumination region and the second illumination region is the same as that of the first embodiment. 
         [0097]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, eight first light emitting elements  21   a  to  21   h , a printed circuit board  25  on which the first light emitting elements  21  are mounted, prisms  25  which are provided corresponding to the respective first light emitting elements  21 , and a light blocking unit  22  are provided. In the present embodiment, the first light emitting elements  21  perform the light emitting operation in the first embodiment. 
         [0098]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the light blocking unit  22  includes, in an inner peripheral surface facing an internal space, a side light blocking unit  23  which is formed of the side face of a cylinder and an upper light blocking unit  24  which is formed of the top face of the cylinder. In the present embodiment, the inner side of the light blocking unit  22  has a configuration that prevents the generation of reflected light and scattered light. The inner side of the upper light blocking unit  24  may have a configuration that allows the generation of reflected light and scattered light. The light blocking unit  22  is placed adjacent to an opening of the outer wall member  2  so that the central axis of the light blocking unit  22  overlaps with the central axis α of the outer wall member  2 , the upper light blocking unit  24  is located on the side facing the drive circuit  4 , and an opening of the light blocking unit  22  is located on the opposite side of the drive circuit  4 . 
         [0099]    The printed circuit board  25  is a flexible circuit board, and is provided along the edge of the side light blocking unit  23  in the internal space having a cylindrical shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  22 . 
         [0100]    As with the first embodiment, the first light emitting elements  21  are surface-mounted LEDs which emit light having a spectrum illustrated in  FIG. 2 , and are annularly arranged at equal intervals on the flexible circuit board  25 . 
         [0101]    Further, the prisms  26  as the second optical path conversion members are provided near the respective first light emitting elements  21 . The placement position and the placement angle of each of the prisms  26  are set so that light emitted from each of the first light emitting elements  21  is directed to the inside of the first illumination region by the corresponding prism  26 . In the present embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , an angle θ 3  between an optical axis c of light after reaching the prism  26  and the central axis α is set to, for example, 70°. The angle θ 3  is set to 45° or more and 85° or less which does not allow a person to visually recognize the first light emitting elements  21  and can ensure the size of the first illumination region. 
         [0102]    In the present embodiment, the case where the prisms  26  are individually provided for the respective first light emitting elements  21  has been described. However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, a single prism  26  having a doughnut shape is provided in common for all of the first light emitting elements  21 . Further, the prisms  26  are provided so as to be supported by the light blocking unit  22  in the present embodiment. However, the prisms  26  may be arranged on a window  16 . 
         [0103]    In order to apply auxiliary light to the second illumination region, the lighting device  1 B is provided with the light scattering member  17  which scatters a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  21  toward the second illumination region in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The light scattering member  17  as the first optical path conversion member is arranged on the center of the window  16  which is composed of a flat plate-like transparent member which covers the bottom face of the internal space of the light blocking unit  12  outside (lower side) the internal space having a truncated cone shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  12 . The light blocking unit  22  is sealed by the window  16  to protect the first light emitting elements  21  from rain or the like. In the present embodiment, the window  16  is provided, and the light scattering member  17  is provided on the center of the window  16 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The window  16  is not necessarily provided. The light scattering member  17  is only required to be provided outside the internal space, and may also be provided in a place other than the window  16 . 
         [0104]    Further, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that each of the first light emitting elements  21  is an upper surface emission type light emitting element which emits light in the direction perpendicular to a surface on which the first light emitting element is placed. However, a side emission type light emitting element which emits light in the direction of the surface on which the first light emitting element is placed may be used. When using a side emission type light emitting element, the first light emitting elements  21  can be placed not on the side light blocking unit  23 , but on the upper light blocking unit  24  as in the third embodiment described below. 
         [0105]    The third embodiment of the lighting device according to the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIG. 7 . In the present embodiment, as with the first and second embodiments, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0106]    In the present embodiment, there will be described a case where first light emitting elements  31  are provided not in a side light blocking unit  33 , but in an upper light blocking unit  34  compared to the lighting device  1 A of the first embodiment. 
         [0107]    In  FIG. 7 , for the purpose of explanation, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis α of a lighting device  1 C, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto in the same manner as in  FIGS. 1A to 1C .  FIG. 7  illustrates a cross section including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 C in the present embodiment. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0108]    As illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the lighting device  1 C is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with the plurality of first light emitting elements  31 , and can apply main light to a first illumination region which includes a region below the central axis α and auxiliary light to a second illumination region which includes the direction perpendicular to the central axis α. The lighting device  1 C is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , a drive circuit  4 , and a light scattering unit  38  as a first optical path conversion member. The configurations of the plug  3 , the outer wall member  2 , and the drive circuit  4  are the same as those of the first and second embodiments. Further, the setting of the first illumination region and the second illumination region is also the same as that of the first embodiment. 
         [0109]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, eight first light emitting elements  31   a  to  31   h , a printed circuit board  35  on which the first light emitting elements  31  are mounted, and a light blocking unit  32  are provided. In the present embodiment, the first light emitting elements  31   a  to  31   h  perform the light applying operation in the first embodiment. 
         [0110]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the light blocking unit  32  includes a side light blocking unit  33  which has an inner peripheral surface facing an internal space in which the first light emitting elements are housed, the inner peripheral surface being formed of the side face of a cylinder, and an outer peripheral surface having a truncated cone shape, and an upper light blocking unit  34  which is formed of the top face of the cylinder. The inner side of the light blocking unit  32  is formed into a white reflection surface. In order to reduce unnecessary reflected light and scattered light, a part or the entire of the inner side of the light blocking unit  32  may have a configuration that prevents the generation of reflected light and scattered light such as a black surface. Further, the light blocking unit  32  is placed adjacent to an opening of the outer wall member  2  so that the central axis of the light blocking unit  32  overlaps with the central axis α of the outer wall member  2 , the upper light blocking unit  34  is located on the side facing the drive circuit  4 , and an opening of the light blocking unit  32  is located on the opposite side of the drive circuit  4 . 
         [0111]    The printed circuit board  35  is a circular flat plate-like circuit board, and is provided in the upper light blocking unit  34  inside the internal space having a cylindrical shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  32 . 
         [0112]    The first light emitting elements  31  are surface-mounted LEDs which emit light having a spectrum illustrated in  FIG. 2 , and are annularly arranged at equal intervals on the circular printed circuit board  35 . 
         [0113]    In the present embodiment, each of the first light emitting elements  31  is provided with a lens  36  the central part of which is recessed compared to the outer peripheral part thereof. In the present embodiment, the first light emitting elements  31  are arranged on the printed circuit board  35  which is placed in the upper light blocking unit  34 . A central axis direction  6  of each of the first light emitting elements  31  is parallel to the central axis α of the lighting device  1 C. Further, in each of the first light emitting elements  31 , a direction γ of light having a maximum intensity is inclined by approximately 65° with respect to the central axis direction δ (θ 4 =65°). With such a configuration, even when the first light emitting elements  31  are arranged on the flat plate-like printed circuit board  35 , it is possible to increase the intensity of light applied to a region near an external region in the first illumination region, and thereby reduce unevenness in the intensity of light applied to the first illumination region. 
         [0114]    Further, as with the first embodiment, when the direction of light that is emitted from the first light emitting elements  31  and passes through the boundary between the first illumination region and the external region is denoted by an outer boundary direction β and the angle between the central axis α and the outer boundary direction β is denoted by θ 1 , θ 1  is set to 75°. 
         [0115]    In order to apply auxiliary light to the second illumination region, in the present embodiment, the light scattering member  38  as the first optical path conversion member which scatters a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  31  toward the second illumination region is provided. The light scattering member  38  is integrally formed with the center of the window  37  which is composed of a transparent member which covers the bottom face of the internal space of the light blocking unit  32 . The light blocking unit  32  is sealed by the window  37  to protect the first light emitting elements from rain or the like. In the present embodiment, the window  37  is provided, and the light scattering member  38  is integrally provided with the center of the window  37 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The window  37  is not necessarily provided. The light scattering member  38  may be independently provided. 
         [0116]    As illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the window  37  of the present embodiment has a shape whose central part is curved outward. Accordingly, the light scattering member  38  is integrally formed with the window  37  outside the internal space of the light blocking unit  32 . 
         [0117]    In the present embodiment, for the purpose of explanation, the central axis direction  8  of each of the first light emitting elements  31  is parallel to the central axis cc. However, an inclination of 20° or less may be provided. In this case, it is possible to support adjustment of the angle of light from the first light emitting elements  31 . Further, the central axis direction  8  may have an inclination of 10° or less with respect to the central axis α. 
         [0118]    The fourth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIG. 8 . In the present embodiment, as with the first and second embodiments, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0119]    In the present embodiment, there will be described a case where first light emitting elements  41  each of which is not provided with the lens  36  are used compared to the lighting device  1 C of the third embodiment. 
         [0120]    In  FIG. 8 , for the purpose of explanation, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis a of a lighting device  1 D, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto in the same manner as in  FIGS. 1A to 1C .  FIG. 8  illustrates a cross-sectional view including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 D in the present embodiment. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0121]    As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the lighting device  1 D is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with the plurality of first light emitting elements  41 , and can apply main light to a first illumination region and auxiliary light to a second illumination region. The lighting device  1 D is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , a drive circuit  4 , and a light scattering unit  17  as a first optical path conversion member. The configurations of the plug  3 , the outer wall member  2 , and the drive circuit  4  are the same as those of the first and second embodiments. Further, the setting of the first illumination region and the second illumination region is also the same as that of the first embodiment. 
         [0122]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, eight first light emitting elements  41   a  to  41   h  as the plurality of first light emitting elements  41 , a printed circuit board  45  on which the first light emitting elements  41  are mounted, and a light blocking unit  42  are provided. In the present embodiment, the first light emitting elements  41   a  to  41   h  perform the light applying operation in the first embodiment. 
         [0123]    More specifically, the printed circuit board  45  of the present embodiment is a flat plate-like printed circuit board having a hole on a central part thereof, and is provided in an upper light blocking unit  44  inside an internal space having a truncated cone shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  42  having a cylindrical outer circumferential shape. 
         [0124]    The first light emitting elements  41  are surface-mounted LEDs which emit light having a spectrum illustrated in  FIG. 2 , and are annularly arranged at equal intervals on the circular printed circuit board  45 . 
         [0125]    As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the light blocking unit  42  includes a side light blocking unit  43  whose inner side is formed of the side face of a truncated cone and outer side is formed of the side face of a cylinder and the upper light blocking unit  44  which is formed of the top face of the truncated cone-like inner side. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the internal space is a circular shape whose area expands toward the upper side of the central axis α, and the top face having a largest area is defined as the upper light blocking unit  44 . The inner side of the light blocking unit  42  is formed into a white reflection surface. In order to reduce unnecessary reflected light and scattered light, a part of the inner side of the light blocking unit  42  may have a configuration that prevents the generation of reflected light and scattered light such as a black surface. Further, the light blocking unit  42  is placed adjacent to an opening of the outer wall member  2  so that the central axis of the light blocking unit  42  overlaps with the central axis α of the outer wall member  2 , the upper light blocking unit  44  is located on the side facing the drive circuit  4 , and an opening of the light blocking unit  42  is located on the opposite side of the drive circuit  4 . 
         [0126]    In  FIG. 8 , the angle between the direction of light from the first light emitting elements  41  after being reflected by the side light blocking unit  43  and the central axis α is denoted by θ 5 , and the angle θ 5  is set to 45° or more and 85° or less. 
         [0127]    In order to apply auxiliary light to the second illumination region, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the light scattering member  17  as the first optical path conversion member which scatters a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  41  toward the second illumination region is provided. The light scattering member  17  is integrally formed with the center of a window  16  which is composed of a transparent member which covers the bottom face of the internal space of the light blocking unit  42 . The internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  42  is sealed by the window  16  to protect the first light emitting elements from rain or the like. In the present embodiment, the window  16  is provided, and the light scattering member  17  is integrally provided with the center of the window  16 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The window  16  is not necessarily provided. The light scattering member  17  may be independently provided. 
         [0128]    In the present embodiment, light from the first light emitting elements  41  is reflected by the side light blocking unit  43  to thereby perform adjustment of the optical axis direction thereof. Therefore, a member such as the lens  36  is not required. 
         [0129]    The fifth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 9A and 9B . In the present embodiment, as with the first embodiment, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0130]    In the present embodiment, there will be described a case where a second light emitting element which emits auxiliary light is provided compared to the lighting device  1 A of the first embodiment. 
         [0131]    In  FIGS. 9A and 9B , for the purpose of explanation, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis α of a lighting device  1 E, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto in the same manner as in  FIGS. 1A to 1C .  FIG. 9A  illustrates a cross-sectional view including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 E in the present embodiment; and  FIG. 9B  illustrates a bottom view viewed from the lower direction of the central axis α of the lighting device  1 E. However, in  FIG. 9B , a light reflection member  59  as a first optical path conversion member and a window  58  are omitted. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0132]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 9A and 9B , the lighting device  1 E is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with a plurality of first light emitting elements  51 , and can apply main light to a first illumination region and auxiliary light to a second illumination region. The lighting device  1 E is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , and a drive circuit  4 . The configurations of the plug  3 , the outer wall member  2 , and the drive circuit  4  are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, the setting of the first illumination region and the second illumination region is also the same as that of the first embodiment. 
         [0133]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, eight first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h , a printed circuit board  55  on which the first light emitting elements  51  are mounted, and a light blocking unit  52  are provided. The light blocking unit  52  is sealed by the window  58  which covers the bottom face of an internal space of the light blocking unit  52  to protect the first light emitting elements from rain or the like. 
         [0134]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 9B , the light blocking unit  52  includes a side light blocking unit  53  which is formed of the side face of a truncated cone and an upper light blocking unit  54  which is formed of the top face of the truncated cone. The side light blocking unit  53  has a function to block flashing light as main light emitted from the first light emitting elements  51  so as not to be directed to the direction perpendicular to the central axis α from the lighting device  1 E. 
         [0135]    In order to apply auxiliary light to the second illumination region, in the present embodiment, a single second light emitting element  56  which emits auxiliary light, a lens  57 , and the light reflection member  59  as the first optical path conversion member which reflects a part of light emitted from the second light emitting element  56  toward the second illumination region are provided. The light blocking unit  52  is sealed by the window  58  which covers the bottom face of the internal space of the light blocking unit  52  to protect the first light emitting elements, the second light emitting element and the like from rain or the like. In the present embodiment, the window  58  is provided, and the light reflection member  59  is provided on the center of the window  58 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The window  58  is not necessarily provided. The light reflection member  59  is only required to be provided outside the internal space, and may be provided in a place other than the window  58 . 
         [0136]    More specifically, the second light emitting element  56  is arranged on the center of the upper light blocking unit  54  with a printed circuit board  55  interposed therebetween, and is provided with the lens  57  which converts light emitted from the second light emitting element  56  into substantially parallel beams toward the light reflection member  59 . Further, the window  58  of the present embodiment is formed of the side face and the bottom face of a cylinder. The light reflection member  59  is arranged on the center of the bottom face of the window  58  inside the internal space having a cylindrical shape surrounded by the window  58 . The light reflection member  59  reflects light from the second light emitting element  56  so that the optical axis of the second light emitting element  56  is in the range of 85° to 90° with respect to the central axis α. The reflected light from the second light emitting element  56  is applied to the second illumination region through the window  58  which is composed of a transparent member. 
         [0137]    Next, a light emitting operation of the first light emitting elements  51  will be described on the basis of  FIG. 5 . In the first light emitting elements  51 , as illustrated in  FIG. 5 , from time T 1  to time T 2 , the first light emitting element  51   a  and the first light emitting element  51   e  are in a light state. From time T 2  to time T 3 , the first light emitting element  51   b  and the first light emitting element  51   f  are in a light state. From time T 3  to time T 4 , the first light emitting element  51   c  and the first light emitting element  11   g  are in a light state. From time T 4  to time T 5 , the first light emitting element  51   d  and the first light emitting element  51   h  are in a light state. With such a configuration, a partial illumination region looks like rotating in the clockwise direction on the first illumination region. 
         [0138]    On the other hand, continuous light emitted from the second light emitting element  56  is reflected by the light reflection member  59  as the optical path conversion member, and thereby directed to the second illumination region in which an observer at a distant place is present. Therefore, a person at the second illumination region recognizes the lighting device  1 E as a light source that is continuously lighted by auxiliary light from the second light emitting element  56 , and hardly feels discomfort caused by flashing of main light from the first light emitting elements  51 . In the present embodiment, any of the first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h  is lighted at every moment. Therefore, there is no all-dark period in which all of the first light emitting elements  51  are in a dark state. In addition to this, in the present embodiment, a person at the second illumination region can more reliably recognize the lighting device  1 E as a continuous light source by virtue of auxiliary light from the second light emitting element  56 . 
         [0139]    The sixth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 9A and 9B . In the present embodiment, as with the first embodiment, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0140]    In the sixth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention, one that is the same, in terms of hardware, as the lighting device  1 E used in the fifth embodiment is used. However, an operation thereof is completely different from the lighting device  1 E of the fifth embodiment. Light applying operations of the first lighting emitting elements  51  and the second light emitting element  56  will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 10A and 10B  which are graphs illustrating change with time of light emission. 
         [0141]    In the present embodiment, the first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h  synchronously emit light in a period Tb in  FIG. 10 , and are synchronously in an off state in a period Td. This is an operation different from the operation in the fifth embodiment in which any of the first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h  always emits light at any time. 
         [0142]    In the lighting device  1 E, although main light emitted from the first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h  is blocked by the light blocking unit  52 , light applied to the first illumination region from the first light emitting elements  51  may be indirectly applied to the second illumination region in rare cases. In such a case, flashing may be slightly perceived by a person at the second illumination region. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the second light emitting element  56  changes the emission intensity thereof so as to be low in the period Tb and high in the period Td so that the brightness of the entire light that is directly or indirectly applied to the second illumination region becomes substantially constant. 
         [0143]      FIG. 10A  illustrates a light emitting operation of the first light emitting elements  51 . In the present embodiment, all of the first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h  perform a temporally synchronized light emitting operation. In  FIG. 10A , Tb is a period during which the first light emitting elements  51  are in a light state, and Td indicates a period during which the first light emitting elements  51  are in a dark state. A flashing period is represented by Tb+Td.  FIG. 10B  illustrates a light emitting operation of the second light emitting element  56 . A maximum value of the luminance of the second light emitting element viewed from a person at the second illumination region is higher by an offset than the luminance of the entire first light emitting elements  51  when all of the first light emitting elements  51  are in a light state at the same time. As illustrated in  FIGS. 10A and 10B , in a period during which the first light emitting elements  51  are in a light state, the luminance of the second light emitting element  56  is set to the offset. In a period during which the first light emitting elements  51  are in a dark state, the luminance of the second light emitting element  56  is set to the maximum value. That is, the light emitting operation is performed so that the sum of the luminance of the entire first light emitting elements  51  and the luminance of the second light emitting element  56  viewed from a person at the second illumination region is always constant. In this specification, the case where the sum of the luminance of the entire first light emitting elements  51  and the luminance of the second light emitting element  56  viewed from a person is always constant has been described for the purpose of explanation. However, the sum is not necessarily exactly constant, and may vary within a range that can reduce a feeling of discomfort of a person caused by flashing. 
         [0144]    With such a configuration, in the present embodiment, light having a constant luminance is applied to a person at the second illumination region by the entire of light that is indirectly applied from the first light emitting elements  51  and light that is directly applied from the second light emitting element  56 . Therefore, substantially continuous light can be observed by the person. 
         [0145]    In the sixth embodiment, flashing operations of the first light emitting elements  51   a  to  51   h  are synchronized. Therefore, there is an all-dark period during which all of the first light emitting elements  51  are in a dark state. Therefore, in order for the lighting device  1 E to look like emitting continuous light by a person at a distant place, it is necessary that light from the second light emitting element  56  be applied to the second illumination region in which the person at a distant place is present. 
         [0146]    The seventh embodiment of the lighting device according to the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 11A and 11B . In the present embodiment, as with the first embodiment, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0147]    While the lighting devices  1 A to  1 E of the first to sixth embodiments are LED bulb type lighting devices, there will be described, in the present embodiment, a case where a lighting device  1 F is a straight tube type LED lighting device. 
         [0148]    In  FIGS. 11A and 11B , for the purpose of explanation, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis α which passes through the center of the lighting device  1 F in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lighting device  1 F, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto in the same manner as in  FIGS. 1A to 1C .  FIG. 11A  illustrates a cross section including the X axis and the Y axis of the lighting device  1 F in the present embodiment; and  FIG. 11B  illustrates a cross section including the X axis and the Y axis of the lighting device  1 F in the present embodiment. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0149]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 11A and 11B , the lighting device  1 F is a straight tube type LED lighting device that is provided with a plurality of first light emitting elements  61 , and can apply light to a first illumination region and a second illumination region. The lighting device  1 F is provided with a plug  3 , a drive circuit  4 , and a light scattering unit  67 . The setting of the first illumination region and the second illumination region is the same as that of the first embodiment. 
         [0150]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, forty-eight first light emitting elements  61 L 1  to  61 L 24  and  61 R 1  to  61 R 24 , printed circuit boards  65  on which the first light emitting elements  61  are mounted, and a light blocking unit  62  are provided. 
         [0151]    More specifically, as illustrated in  FIGS. 11A and 11B , the light blocking unit  62  includes an upper light blocking unit  64  which is formed of one of side faces of a truncated square pyramid whose cross section is formed into a trapezoidal shape, in this example, a surface having contact with the upper bottom of the top face and a side light blocking unit  63  which is formed of four surfaces of the truncated square pyramid having contact with the upper light blocking unit  64 . The inner side of the light blocking unit  62  is formed into a mirror surface or a white reflection surface. In order to reduce unnecessary reflected light and scattered light, a part or the entire of the inner side of the light blocking unit  62  may have a configuration that prevents the generation of reflected light and scattered light such as a black surface. In  FIGS. 11A and 11B , for the purpose of explanation, the upper light blocking unit  64  is set so as to be perpendicular to the X axis, the lower bottoms of two top faces of the truncated square pyramid are set so as to be parallel to the Y axis, and the height direction of the truncated square pyramid is set so as to be parallel to the Z axis. The length in the Z axis direction (depth) of the outer wall member  2  is set to 60 cm. 
         [0152]    In the present embodiment, the light blocking unit  62  also serves as the outer wall member  2 . Further, the plug  3  is provided in one of the top faces, and the drive circuit  4  is provided on a central part of the upper light blocking unit  64 . A cover is provided on the drive circuit  4  so that the drive circuit  4  cannot be directly visually recognized at the time of use. As with the first embodiment, the plug  3  is connected to a commercial AC power source (AC 100 V to 230 V, 50 Hz or 60 Hz), and supplies power to the drive circuit  4 . 
         [0153]    Each of the printed circuit boards  65  is a rectangular flat plate-like circuit board. As illustrated in  FIG. 11A , the printed circuit boards  65  are arranged on two of the side faces of the truncated square pyramid, the two side faces constituting the side light blocking unit  63 , inside an internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  62  having a truncated square pyramid shape. 
         [0154]    The first light emitting elements  61  are arranged on the printed circuit boards  65  in a matrix form. Specifically, as illustrated in  FIGS. 11A and 11B , the first light emitting elements  61 L  1  to  61 L 24  are aligned in a row along the Z direction on one of the two faces, and the first light emitting elements  61 R 1  to  61 R 24  are aligned in a row along the Z direction on the other face. Further, in the present embodiment, each of the first light emitting elements  61 L 1  to  61 L 24  and  61 R 1  to  61 R 24  is placed so that the optical axis direction of each of the first light emitting elements  61  is inclined with respect to the Z axis in consideration of unevenness in the intensity of applied light in the first illumination region. 
         [0155]    As with the first embodiment, each of the first light emitting elements  61  is configured using a surface-mounted LED which has an excellent heat dissipation property and is suitable for illumination requiring high luminance, and emits light having a color coordinate of (0.42, 0.48) illustrated in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0156]    In order to apply auxiliary light to the second illumination region, in the present embodiment, the light scattering member  67  as a first optical path conversion member which directs a part of light emitted from the first light emitting elements  61  toward the second illumination region is provided. The light scattering member  67  is arranged on the center of a window  66  which is composed of a generally rectangular flat plate transparent member which covers the bottom face of the internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  62  outside the internal space having a truncated square pyramid shape surrounded by the light blocking unit  62 . The light blocking unit  62  is sealed by the window  66  to protect the first light emitting elements from rain or the like. In the present embodiment, the light scattering member  67  is a member whose cross section including the X axis and the Y axis of the top face is convex curved surface. Further, as the first optical path conversion member, a light reflection member may be provided instead of the light scattering member  67 . In the present embodiment, the window  66  is provided, and the light scattering member  67  is provided on the center of the window  66 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The window  66  is not necessarily provided. The light scattering member  67  is only required to be provided outside the internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  62 , and may be provided in a place other than the window  66 . 
         [0157]    Next, a light applying operation in the lighting device  1 F will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 12A to 12C . 
         [0158]    In the present embodiment, a first light-dark pattern and a second light-dark pattern are temporally alternately set by the flashing circuit  4   a  of the drive circuit  4 . The first light-dark pattern is defined by the position of a first light emitting element  61  in a light state and the position of a first light emitting element  61  in a dark state in the plurality of first light emitting elements  61 . The second light-dark pattern is a reverse pattern of the first light-dark pattern. 
         [0159]    Specifically, for example, as illustrated in  FIG. 12A , a pattern in which the first light emitting elements  61 R 1  to  61 R 24  are in a light state and the first light emitting elements  61 L 1  to  61 L 24  are in a dark state is conceivable as the first light-dark pattern. 
         [0160]    As another light applying operation, as illustrated in  FIG. 12B , it is conceivable that a pattern in which the first light emitting elements  61 R 1 ,  61 R 3 , . . . , and  61 R 23  each having an odd index following R in the first light emitting elements  61 R 1  to  61 R 24  and the first light emitting elements  61 L 2 ,  61 L 4 , . . . , and  61 L 24  each having an even index following L in the first light emitting elements  61 L  1  to  61 L 24  are in a light state, and the other first light emitting elements  61  are in a dark state is used as the first light-dark pattern, and the reverse pattern thereof is used as the second light-dark pattern. 
         [0161]    Further, as yet another light applying operation, as illustrated in  FIG. 12C , it is conceivable that a pattern in which the first light emitting elements  61 R 1 ,  61 R 3 , . . . , and  61 R 23  each having an odd index following R in the first light emitting elements  61 R 1  to  61 R 24  and the first light emitting elements  61 L 1 ,  61 L 3 , . . . , and  61 L 23  each having an odd index following L in the first light emitting elements  61 L 1  to  61 L 24  are in a light state, and the other first light emitting elements  61  are in a dark state is used as the first light-dark pattern, and the reverse pattern thereof is used as the second light-dark pattern. 
         [0162]    In the present embodiment, in a use state, whichever of the above light applying operations is used, either one of two first light emitting elements  61  in the same row (with the same index) is always in a light state. In other words, there is no all-dark period in which both of two first light emitting elements  61 Rn and  61 Ln (L=1 to 24) in the same row are in a dark state (a configuration with zero all-dark period). Therefore, the scattering member continuously emits auxiliary light, and a person at the second illumination region can perceive the auxiliary light as continuous light. The all-dark period is not necessarily zero, and when the all-dark period is set to be shorter than time that is perceivable by a human being, a person can perceive the light as continuous light. A normal person can perceive the light as continuous light when the all-dark period is 10 ms or less. Even a considerably sensitive person can perceive the light as continuous light when the all-dark period is 5 ms or less. Therefore, when switching a light-dark pattern, a time lag of 5 ms or less may be generated. 
         [0163]    In the present embodiment, the case where the number of first light emitting elements  61  is forty-eight has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, when the first light emitting elements  61  are symmetrically arranged on two faces of a truncated square pyramid as in the present embodiment, it is only required to provide an even number of first light emitting elements  61 . This case is preferred since any of the above light-dark patterns can be applied. Further, first light emitting elements  61  in a plurality of rows may be provided in a single side face. Further, an additional light blocking unit which is inclined in the Z direction may be formed instead of the truncated square pyramid, and the side face of the truncated square pyramid may be configured as the light blocking unit. In this case, the plug  3  is provided near the flashing circuit  4   a  and the drive circuit  4   b  at the side facing the upper light blocking unit. 
         [0164]    The eighth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 16A and 16B . In the present embodiment, as with the first embodiment, a moth-proof lighting device is assumed as the lighting device. 
         [0165]    In the present embodiment, there will be described a case where a single LED module is used as the first light emitting elements in the lighting device  1 E of the sixth embodiment, and each of the first light emitting element and a second light emitting element emits light including blue light. 
         [0166]    In  FIGS. 16A and 16B , for the purpose of explanation, an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis α of a lighting device  1 G, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto in the same manner as in  FIGS. 1A to 1C .  FIG. 16A  illustrates a cross-sectional view including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 G in the present embodiment; and  FIG. 16B  illustrates a bottom view viewed from the lower direction of the central axis α of the lighting device  1 G. However, in  FIG. 16B , a light distribution lens  77 , a light scattering member  79  as a first optical path conversion member, and a window  78  are omitted. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0167]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 16A and 16B , the lighting device  1 G is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with a first light emitting element  71  which is a single LED module, and can apply main light L 1  to a first illumination region and auxiliary light L 2  to a second illumination region. The lighting device  1 G is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , and a drive circuit  4 . In the first light emitting element  71 , a plurality of semiconductor LED chips  71 A are mounted on a single circuit board  71 B. The semiconductor LED chips  71 A can be simultaneously flashed in response to drive voltage applied from the outside. The configurations of the plug  3 , the outer wall member  2 , and the drive circuit  4  are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, the setting of the first illumination region and the second illumination region is also the same as that of the first embodiment. 
         [0168]    In order to apply main light L 1  only to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, the first light emitting element  71 , the light distribution lens  77  for spreading light, and a light blocking unit  72  are provided. The light blocking unit  72  is sealed by a window  78  which is located slightly below a virtual internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  72  to protect the first light emitting element  71  and a second light emitting element  76  from rain or the like. 
         [0169]    More specifically, the light distribution lens  77  is axisymmetric with respect to the axis a, and has a light distribution lens recess  77 A formed near the axis α. The light distribution lens  77  totally or partially reflects light that has been emitted from the first light emitting element  71  and reached the light distribution lens recess  77 A. As illustrated in  FIG. 16B , the light blocking unit  72  includes a side light blocking unit  73  which is formed of the side face of a truncated cone and an upper light blocking unit  74  which is formed of the top face of the truncated cone. The side light blocking unit  73  has a function to block flashing light as main light emitted from the first light emitting element  71  so as not to be directed to the direction perpendicular to the central axis α from the lighting device  1 G. Each of the first light emitting element  71  and the second light emitting element  76  is a white LED, and has a spectrum obtained by synthesizing the spectrum of blue light emitted from the semiconductor LED chips and the spectrum of, for example, yellow light converted by the semiconductor LED chips. Since the window  78  is a filter that blocks blue light, the window  78  looks yellow. The window  78  cuts blue light from light emitted from the first light emitting element  71  and the second light emitting element  76 . 
         [0170]    In order to apply auxiliary light L 2  to the second illumination region, in the present embodiment, the single second light emitting element  76  which emits auxiliary light L 2  and the light scattering member  79  as the first optical path conversion member which scatters a part of light emitted from the second light emitting element  76  toward the second illumination region are provided. In the present embodiment, the window  78  is provided, and the light scattering member  79  is provided on the center of the window  78 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The light scattering member  79  is only required to be provided outside the virtual internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  72 , and may be provided in a place other than the window  78 . 
         [0171]    More specifically, the second light emitting element  76  is arranged on the side light blocking unit  73  with a printed circuit board  75  interposed therebetween, and is provided with the lens  76 A which converts light emitted from the second light emitting element  76  into substantially parallel beams toward the light scattering member  79 . Further, the window  78  of the present embodiment is formed of the side face and the plain face having a cylindrical shape. The light scattering member  79  is arranged on the center of the plain face of the window  78 . The light scattering member  79  scatters light from the second light emitting element  76 . The scattered light from the second light emitting element  76  is applied as the auxiliary light L 2  to the second illumination region through the window  78  which is composed of a yellow filter member. 
         [0172]    In the present embodiment, the first light emitting element  71  is turned on and off in the same manner as the first light emitting elements  51  in the sixth embodiment. That is, the semiconductor LED chips  71 A of the first light emitting element  71  synchronously emit light in a period Tb in  FIG. 10 , and are synchronously in an off state in a period Td. 
         [0173]    In the lighting device  1 G, although main light emitted from the first light emitting element  71  is blocked by the light blocking unit  72 , light applied to the first illumination region from the first light emitting element  71  may be indirectly applied to the second illumination region in rare cases. In such a case, flashing may be slightly perceived by a person at the second illumination region. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the second light emitting element  76  changes the emission intensity thereof so as to be low in the period Tb and high in the period Td so that the brightness of the entire light that is directly or indirectly applied to the second illumination region becomes substantially constant. 
         [0174]    As described above, in the present embodiment,  FIG. 10A  can be regarded as illustrating a light emitting operation of the first light emitting element  71  (in particular, the plurality of semiconductor LED chips  71 A). In this case, in  FIG. 10A , Tb is a period during which the first light emitting element  71  is in a light state, and Td is a period during which the first light emitting element  71  is in a dark state. A flashing period is represented by Tb+Td. Similarly, in the present embodiment,  FIG. 10B  can be regarded as illustrating a light emitting operation of the second light emitting element  76 . A maximum value of the luminance of the second light emitting element viewed from a person at the second illumination region is higher by an offset than the luminance of the entire first light emitting element  71  when all of the semiconductor LED chips  71 A are in a light state at the same time. As illustrated in  FIGS. 10A and 10B , in a period during which the first light emitting element  71  is in a light state, the luminance of the second light emitting element  76  is set to the offset. In a period during which the first light emitting element  71  is in a dark state, the luminance of the second light emitting element  76  is set to the maximum value. That is, the light emitting operation is performed so that the sum of the luminance of the entire first light emitting element  71  and the luminance of the second light emitting element  76  viewed from a person at the second illumination region is always constant. In this specification, the case where the sum of the luminance of the entire first light emitting element  71  and the luminance of the second light emitting element  76  viewed from a person is always constant has been described for the purpose of explanation. However, the sum is not necessarily exactly constant, and may vary within a range that can reduce a feeling of discomfort of a person caused by flashing. 
         [0175]    With such a configuration, in the present embodiment, light having a substantially constant luminance is applied to a person at the second illumination region by the entire of light that is indirectly applied from the first light emitting element  71  and light that is directly applied from the second light emitting element  76 . Therefore, substantially continuous light can be observed by a person. 
         [0176]    The ninth embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention will be described on the basis of  FIGS. 17A and 17B . Since the present embodiment is a modified example of the ninth embodiment, the same components as those of the ninth embodiment will be denoted by the same references. 
         [0177]      FIG. 17A  illustrates a cross-sectional view including a central axis α of a lighting device  1 H in the present embodiment; and  FIG. 17B  illustrates a bottom view viewed from the lower direction of the central axis α of the lighting device  1 H. However, in  FIG. 17B , a light distribution lens  77  and a window  78  are omitted. 
         [0178]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 17A and 17B , the lighting device  1 H is provided with three second light emitting elements  86  for emitting auxiliary light L 2 , and directly applies the auxiliary light L 2  to a second illumination region from the second light emitting elements  86 . Specifically, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary light L 2  is applied to the second illumination region from the second light emitting elements  86  without converting the optical path of the auxiliary light L 2  by using a first optical path conversion member or the like. 
         [0179]    Further, as illustrated in  FIG. 17A  as a cross-sectional view, the lighting device  1 H is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with a first light emitting element  71  which is a single LED module, and can apply main light L 1  to a first illumination region and auxiliary light L 2  to the second illumination region. The lighting device  1 H is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , and a drive circuit  4 . 
         [0180]    In order to apply main light L 1  only to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, the first light emitting element  71 , the light distribution lens  77  for spreading light, and a light blocking unit  72  are provided. The light blocking unit  72  is sealed by a window  78  which is located slightly below a virtual internal space surrounded by the light blocking unit  72  and covers the internal space to protect the first light emitting element  71  and the second light emitting elements  86  from rain or the like. 
         [0181]    Each of the first light emitting element  71  and the second light emitting elements  86  is a commercially available white LED, and has a spectrum obtained by synthesizing the spectrum of blue light emitted from the semiconductor LED chips and the spectrum of, for example, yellow light converted by semiconductor LED chips. Since the window  78  is a filter that blocks blue light, the window  78  looks yellow. The window  78  cuts blue light from light emitted from the first light emitting element  71  and the second light emitting elements  76 . 
         [0182]    As illustrated in  FIG. 17A , in the present embodiment, in order to directly apply auxiliary light L 2  to the second illumination region, the three second light emitting elements  86 , second light emitting element lenses  86 A which direct light from the respective second light emitting elements  86  toward the second illumination region, and circuit boards  85  which support the respective second light emitting elements are provided. Instead of providing the circuit boards  85 , each of the second light emitting elements  86  may be of a type that is provided with a lead frame, and is supported by appropriately bending the lead frame. The number of second light emitting elements  86  is not limited to three, and preferably two or more and eight or less. In the present embodiment, a first optical path conversion member is not required for directly applying auxiliary light L 2  to the second illumination region. 
         [0183]    Since operations of the first light emitting element  71  and the second light emitting elements  86  in the present embodiment are the same as those described in the eighth embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted. 
         [0184]    In the present embodiment, a second phosphor that is excited by light emitted from a first light emitting element is used as a second light emitting element. The “light emitting element” indicates an element (component) having a light emitting function, and is therefore not limited to one that emits light by being excited by supply of power such as a light emitting diode. The “light emitting element”, of course, includes a phosphor which emits light by being excited by light emitted from the outside. 
         [0185]    A lighting device  1 J according to the tenth embodiment is illustrated in  FIGS. 18A and 18B . In  FIGS. 18A and 18B , an X axis is set in the direction of a central axis α of the lighting device  1 J, and a Y axis and a Z axis are set in the direction perpendicular thereto.  FIG. 18A  illustrates a cross-sectional view including the central axis α of the lighting device  1 J in the present embodiment; and  FIG. 18B  illustrates a bottom view viewed from the lower direction of the central axis α of the lighting device  1 J. However, in  FIG. 18B , a window  98  is omitted. Although a description will be made assuming the direction of the central axis α as the direction of gravity in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0186]    As illustrated in  FIG. 18A , the lighting device  1 J is an LED bulb type lighting device that is provided with a plurality of first light emitting elements  91 , and can apply main light L 1  to a first illumination region. The lighting device  1 J is provided with a plug  3 , an outer wall member  2 , and a drive circuit  4 . The configurations of the plug  3 , the outer wall member  2 , and the drive circuit  4  are the same as those of the first embodiment. Each of the first light emitting elements  91  is a white LED, and has a spectrum obtained by synthesizing the spectrum of blue light emitted from a semiconductor LED chip and the spectrum of, for example, yellow light converted by the semiconductor LED chip. A second light emitting element (second phosphor)  96  is excited by light emission of the first light emitting elements  91 , and thereby emits light. Since the window  98  is a filter that blocks blue light, the window  98  looks yellow. The window  98  cuts blue light from light emitted from the first light emitting elements  91  and the second light emitting element (second phosphor)  96 . 
         [0187]    In order to apply main light to the first illumination region, in the present embodiment, eight first light emitting elements  91   a  to  91   h , a printed circuit board  55  on which the first light emitting elements  91  are mounted, and a light blocking unit  52  are provided. The light blocking unit  52  is sealed by the window  98  which covers the bottom face of an internal space of the light blocking unit  52  to protect the first light emitting elements from rain or the like. 
         [0188]    In order to apply auxiliary light L 2  to the second illumination region, in the present embodiment, the second light emitting element (second phosphor)  96  which includes a phosphor that emits light by receiving, in particular, blue light that is emitted from the first light emitting elements  51  is arranged on the inner side of the window  98  (the side near the first light emitting elements). The second light emitting element (second phosphor)  96  is excited by blue light. A material that includes a phosphor of relatively long afterglow which emits visible light having a longer wavelength than blue light is used as the second light emitting element (the second phosphor)  96 . Specifically, a phosphor having two kinds of activator elements, in particular, Gd 3 Sc 2-x Ga 3+x O 12 :Ce 3+ , Hf 3+  which is a garnet-based phosphor is preferably used. Further, in addition to a garnet phosphor, an aluminate phosphor (SrAl 2 O 4 : Eu, Dy, and Ca 0.42 Sr 1.5 Al 2 SiO 7 : Ce 3+ , Tb 3+ , for example), a silicate phosphor (Ba 2 MgSi 2 O 7 : Eu 2+ , Mn 2+ , for example) and the like also have excellent light emitting efficiency and excellent weatherability, and can therefore be preferably used. The decay time constant of the above phosphor is approximately several hours. Even when a dark period of the first light emitting elements is 1000 ms and therefore long, such a long afterglow phosphor continuously emits light for the entire dark period. Therefore, the phosphor actually continuously emits auxiliary light L 2  as a continuous light source. As a relatively long afterglow phosphor, a phosphor having a decay time constant that is three times or more of the dark period is preferred. For example, a phosphor having a decay time constant of approximately 240 ms or more when the dark period is 80 ms is preferred. 
         [0189]    The second light emitting element emits light by being excited by light from the first light emitting elements, and also emits light by being excited by the sunlight. Therefore, when a phosphor having a long decay time, for example, one hour or more is used, it is preferred to arrange the phosphor at a position to which the sunlight is sufficiently applied. Since the sunlight contains ultraviolet rays, an ultraviolet ray excitable long afterglow phosphor, for example, SrAl 2 θ 4 : Eu, Dy is preferably used. When ultraviolet rays of the sunlight are used as an excitation light source, a phosphor as the second light emitting element is preferably arranged outside the window which is composed of a filter material. 
         [0190]    In the present embodiment, the first light emitting elements  91  are turned on and off in the same manner as the first light emitting elements  11  in the first embodiment. Therefore, a light emitting operation of the first light emitting elements in the present embodiment will be described on the basis of  FIG. 5 . In the first light emitting elements  91 , as illustrate in  FIG. 5 , from time T 1  to time T 2 , the first light emitting element  91   a  and the first light emitting element  91   e  are in a light state. From time T 2  to time T 3 , the first light emitting element  91   b  and the first light emitting element  91   f  are in a light state. From time T 3  to time T 4 , the first light emitting element  91   c  and the first light emitting element  11   g  are in a light state. From time T 4  to time T 5 , the first light emitting element  91   d  and the first light emitting element  91   h  are in a light state. With such a configuration, a partial illumination region looks like rotating in the clockwise direction on the first illumination region. 
         [0191]    &lt;1&gt; In the first to sixth, and tenth embodiments, there has been described the case where eight first light emitting elements are provided. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In order to perform pseudo-rotation, it is preferred to provide first light emitting elements the number of which is an integral multiple of the number of first light emitting elements that become a light state at the same time.  FIG. 13  illustrates a case where twelve first light emitting elements  31  are provided. 
         [0192]    &lt;2&gt; In the first to sixth, and tenth embodiments, there has been described the case where the light-dark pattern in which a pair of first light emitting elements that are located opposite to each other across the central axis α are in a light state and the other first light emitting elements are in a dark state is rotated by a single first light emitting element at each time Tb. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. 
         [0193]      FIGS. 14A to 14E  illustrate an example of change with time of a light-dark pattern. For the purpose of explanation, there is described a case where the lighting device  1  is provided with twelve first light emitting elements which are arranged as illustrated in  FIG. 13 . 
         [0194]      FIG. 14A  illustrates, when twelve first light emitting elements are provided, change with time of a light-dark pattern in which a pair of first light emitting elements that are located opposite to each other across the central axis α are in a light state and the other first light emitting elements are in a dark state when the light-dark pattern is rotated by a single first light emitting element at each time. Further, the light-dark pattern may be rotated by m first light emitting elements (m is an integer equal to or more than two and equal to or less than six when the number of first light emitting elements is twelve) at each time. 
         [0195]      FIG. 14B  illustrates, when twelve first light emitting elements are provided, change with time of a light-dark pattern in which three first light emitting elements that are located at every four first light emitting elements are in a light state and the other first light emitting elements are in a dark state when the light-dark pattern is rotated by a single first light emitting element at each time. Further, the light-dark pattern may be rotated by m first light emitting elements (m is an integer equal to or more than two and equal to or less than six when the number of first light emitting elements is twelve) at each time. With such a configuration, three first light emitting elements that are located on the apexes of an equilateral triangle are always in a light state. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce unevenness in the intensity of light in the scattering member. 
         [0196]      FIG. 14C  illustrates, when twelve first light emitting elements are provided, change with time of a light-dark pattern in which four first light emitting elements that are located at every three first light emitting elements are in a light state and the other first light emitting elements are in a dark state when the light-dark pattern is rotated by a single first light emitting element at each time. Further, the light-dark pattern may be rotated by m first light emitting elements (m is an integer equal to or more than two and equal to or less than six when the number of first light emitting elements is twelve) at each time. 
         [0197]      FIG. 14D  illustrates, when twelve first light emitting elements are provided, change with time a light-dark pattern in which adjacent two first light emitting elements are considered as one group, and first light emitting elements belonging to a pair of groups that are located opposite to each other across the central axis α are in a light state and the other first light emitting elements are in a dark state when the light-dark pattern is rotated by two first light emitting elements at each time. 
         [0198]      FIG. 14E  illustrates change with time of the light-dark pattern illustrated in  FIG. 14D  when the light-dark pattern is rotated by a single first light emitting element at each time. 
         [0199]    Further, although not illustrated, change with time of a light-dark pattern in which a first light emitting element to be a light state is randomly set while continuously setting at least any one of the first light emitting elements to a light state may be employed. 
         [0200]    &lt;3&gt; In the first, second and fourth embodiments, there has been described the case where, in the LED bulb type lighting device  1 , the window is composed of a flat plate-like transparent member and provided with the light scattering member. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 15A , a light reflection member may be provided on the center of a window the central part of which is curved outward inside an internal space of a light blocking unit. Alternatively, as illustrated in  FIG. 15B , a light reflection member may be provided on the center of a flat plate window in an external space of a light blocking unit. 
         [0201]    &lt;4&gt; In the first to tenth embodiments, the description has been made assuming the case where a LED is used as the first light emitting element. However, the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and a sodium lamp or the like may also be used. 
         [0202]    &lt;5&gt; In the first to tenth embodiments, there has been described the case where the first light emitting element itself flashes. However, for example, the first light emitting element may be provided with a mirror which reflects light, and the mirror may be rotated to perform application of rotating light. In this case, even when the first light emitting element is not suitable for a flashing operation, it is possible to obtain an effect of a flashing operation while continuously lighting the first light emitting element. As a result, deterioration of the first light emitting element can be reduced. 
         [0203]    &lt;6&gt; In the first to tenth embodiments, there has been described the case where main light applied to the first illumination region is flashing light. However, for example, main light that is applied to the first illumination region by the first light emitting element may be continuous light having a color temperature of 4000 K to 6500 K, and auxiliary light that is applied to the second illumination region by the second light emitting element may be continuous light of 2000 K to 3500 K with less light scattering. 
         [0204]    Further, for example, main light that is applied to the first illumination region by the first light emitting element may be red continuous light, and auxiliary light that is applied to the second illumination region by the second light emitting element may be bulb-colored continuous light of 2000 K to 3500 K or white continuous light of 3500 K to 6500 K. Red light can be used to inhibit flowering of chrysanthemum or the like. However, if red light leaks to the surrounding area, the entire surrounding area becomes red, which may disadvantageously give a feeling of discomfort to the neighboring residents. Therefore, by directing white or bulb-colored auxiliary light to the surrounding area, it is possible to reduce the influence on the surrounding area. That is, it is possible to reduce the influence on the surrounding area caused by main light by using auxiliary light that has a different quality (color, wavelength, color temperature and the like), namely, a different spectrum from that of the main light. 
         [0205]    When the lighting device has such a configuration, for example, the lighting device can also be used as a light source for flowering adjustment of agricultural short-day plants or a general street light. 
       EXPLANATION OF REFERENCES 
       [0000]    
       
         
           
               1  lighting device 
               1 A lighting device 
               1 B lighting device 
               1 C lighting device 
               1 D lighting device 
               1 E lighting device 
               1 F lighting device 
               1 G lighting device 
               1 H lighting device 
               1 J lighting device 
               2  outer wall member 
               3  plug 
               4  drive circuit 
               4   a  flashing circuit 
               4   b  power circuit 
               11  first light emitting element 
               12  light blocking unit 
               13  side light blocking unit 
               14  upper light blocking unit 
               15  printed circuit board 
               16  window 
               17  light scattering member (first optical path conversion member) 
               21  first light emitting element 
               22  light blocking unit 
               23  side light blocking unit 
               24  upper light blocking unit 
               25  printed circuit board 
               26  prism (second optical path conversion member) 
               31  first light emitting element 
               32  light blocking unit 
               33  side light blocking unit 
               34  upper light blocking unit 
               35  printed circuit board 
               36  lens 
               37  window 
               38  light scattering member (first optical path conversion member) 
               41  first light emitting element 
               42  light blocking unit 
               43  side light blocking unit 
               44  upper light blocking unit 
               45  printed circuit board 
               51  first light emitting element 
               52  light blocking unit 
               53  side light blocking unit 
               54  upper light blocking unit 
               55  printed circuit board 
               56  second light emitting element 
               57  lens 
               58  window 
               59  light reflection member (first optical path conversion member) 
               61  first light emitting element 
               61 R first light emitting element 
               61 L first light emitting element 
               62  light blocking unit 
               63  side light blocking unit 
               64  upper light blocking unit 
               65  printed circuit board 
               66  window 
               67  light scattering member (first optical path conversion member) 
               71  first light emitting element 
               71 A LED chip 
               71 B circuit board 
               72  light blocking unit 
               73  side light blocking unit 
               74  upper light blocking unit 
               75  circuit board 
               76  second light emitting element 
               76 A second light emitting element lens 
               77  light distribution lens 
               77 A light distribution lens recess 
               78  window 
               79  light scattering member (first optical path conversion member) 
               85  circuit board 
               86  second light emitting element 
               86 A second light emitting element lens 
               87  lens 
               88  window 
             L 1  main light 
             L 2  auxiliary light 
             AS partial illumination region 
             H person

Technology Classification (CPC): 5