Patent Abstract:
A locking system and a method for locking and unlocking a door to an opening in a cabinet or the like is disclosed. The locking system includes a latching assembly for attachment to one of either a door or a cabinet. The latching assembly includes a motor, a first driving member operatively coupled to the motor, a second driving member having a pivot and operatively coupled to the first driving member, first and second pivotable plates, each plate having a slidable pivot point and an opening defined therein by an interior edge, a latching plate joining each of the first and second pivotable plates, and at least a first cam element fixed to a first surface of the second driving member about the pivot and positioned within the opening of the first pivotable plate to engage the interior edge. A second cam element may be fixed to a second surface of the second driving member about the pivot and positioned within the opening of the second pivotable plate to engage the interior edge. A receiving post completes the locking system and is attached to the other of the door or the cabinet, the preferred receiving post including a longitudinal axis, and a latching portion.

Full Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/827,345, filed Jun. 30, 2010, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/386,928, filed Mar. 22, 2006, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/905,524, filed Jan. 7, 2005, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/345,864, filed Jan. 16, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,874,828, incorporated herein by reference, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,508, filed Sep. 25, 2001 (now U.S. Pat. No. 6,581,986), incorporated herein by reference, which is based on Disclosure Document No. 453,811, filed Mar. 26, 1999, entitled “Vending Cam Lock,” incorporated herein by reference, and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/252,210, filed Nov. 21, 2000, incorporated herein by reference. This application is also related to, and incorporates by reference, U.S. Pat. No. 6,575,504, filed Sep. 25, 2001, which descends from the aforesaid Provisional application (i.e., U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/252,210). 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates generally to locking devices and, more particularly, to a locking system for vending machines and the like and a method for locking and unlocking the same. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    In various vending-type machines, such as food machines, candy machines, refrigerated drink machines, and the like, there is ordinarily provided a lock assembly to prevent unauthorized access to the contents. For example, some vending machines are provided with a key-activated lock assembly, such as a pop-out T-handle lock assembly, which allows an authorized user to open the door of the machine with a properly-encoded key. These T-handle lock assemblies are well-known in the art, as evidenced by numerous patents including U.S. Pat. No. 3,089,330 (Kerr), U.S. Pat. No. 3,550,412 (Pitel et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 4,552,001 (Roop), U.S. Pat. No. 4,760,721 (Steinbach), U.S. Pat. No. 4,899,561 (Myers), and U.S. Pat. No. 5,548,982 (Rawling). With such lock assemblies, the door is initially closed in a loose manner to catch the locking components of the lock assembly. Next, the handle of the locking assembly is rotated to draw the door against the housing of the vending machine and to compress a seal between the door and the housing. More modern vending machines are provided with a keypad-activated lock assembly which permits the door of the vending machine to be opened when a predetermined access code or combination is entered into the keypad. The prior art fails to provide a lock assembly which automatically pulls the door of a vending machine into a completely closed position against the housing and/or a lock assembly which utilizes a remotely controlled electronic latching mechanism to lock and unlock the door. More recently, as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,068,305 (Myers et al.), such a locking system was proposed. Further, as thefts and tampering with these machines increases, component refinements and improved locking systems have been sought by users and manufacturers of the machines. 
         [0004]    The most commercially accepted electronic locking system marketed by applicants&#39; assignee TriTeq Lock and Security, LLC. is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,874,828, 6,581,986, 6,575,504 and pending application Pub. No. US 2005/0161953. In each of these references a motor driven bayonet locking system has a bayonet locking element that moves both in the translational and rotational axis and co-acts with a stationary slotted plate by extending to enter the plate, rotating to create interference from being withdrawn and then retracting to pull in and lock the door. 
         [0005]    Other approaches both prior and later, none of which are believed to have become commercially-acceptable, have sought to employ different types of mechanical latches and only uni-directional action electronic drivers such as solenoids. 
         [0006]    U.S. Pat. No. 4,167,104 proposed the use of screw posts going into a threaded opening with a solenoid operating latching bolt. Similarly, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,867,685 and 6,525,644, both to Stillwagon did the same with a notched post latch. 
         [0007]    Publication US 2003/0127866 to Martinez proposes a motor driven rotary hook and u-bolt where the hook shape provides pull in cam action. 
         [0008]    Publication No. US 2004/0154363 to Beylotte et al. has sought to motor drive a threaded post into a threaded split nut as in prior mechanically operated T-handle vending machine locks. Beylotte et al. proposed a motor driven cam hook in an alternative embodiment. 
         [0009]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,068,308 to Myers et al. is an earlier form of latch with a pull in function. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0010]    An electro-mechanical cam-operated system having a function that facilitates specialized movements that can be utilized to secure and seal a variety of devices. The sealing action is being defined as a pulling motion of the primary mechanism. The locking action happens by virtue of a localized geometry that interfaces into another specialized designed receiver device. The receiver device is generally mounted in a stationary manner. The localized geometrically designed element is called a cam or a bayonet for the purposes of this abstract. The cam or bayonet design is not intended to be a single geometry element that unto itself is design critical to the operation concept of this mechanism. Alternate methodology may be used to facilitate the securing portion of the mechanism. 
         [0011]    The cam is designed to operate perpendicular to the receiver in such a manner as to allow it to enter into the receiver by allowing the cam to have geometry that allows the cam to enter into it. After this is accomplished an electrical detection device sends a signal to an electrical control device. This device then sends a signal to a motor that in turn rotates a cylindrical device located about another cam. This cylindrical device has a unique geometry that interfaces with a central located tube type of device and a tubular type pin. The combined rotation causes the other cam to first rotate 90 degrees or thereabout. And then begin to wind its way up a spiral ramp located in a pocket of the cylindrical device. This cylindrical device also has two binary electrical devices that are strategically located to detect the relative position of the locking cam for both rotation and sealing (pull). This cylindrical device has a typical gear shape located on its outside diameter. This gear movement is derived from a worm gear interface that is driven by a motor. The motor derives its intelligence from the electrical controller. 
         [0012]    The bayonet is designed to operate tangent to the receiver in such a manner as to allow it to interlock into the receiver by allowing the bayonet to have geometry that allows the bayonet to enter into and pass behind it. After this is accomplished an electrical detection device sends a signal to an electrical control device. This device then sends a signal to a motor that in turn rotates a cylindrical device located about the bayonet. This cylindrical device has a unique geometry that interfaces with a central located tube type of device and a tubular type pin. The combined rotation causes the bayonet to first rotate 90 degrees or thereabout. And then begin to wind its way up a spiral ramp located in a pocket of the cylindrical device. This cylindrical device also has two binary electrical devices that are strategically located to detect the relative position of the bayonet for both rotation and sealing (pull). This cylindrical device has a typical gear shape located on its outside diameter. This gear movement is derived from a worm gear interface that is driven by a motor. The motor derives its intelligence from the electrical controller. 
         [0013]    In another embodiment in accordance with the present invention, an optionally keyless electronically operated bayonet locking device and method of operating the same is provided wherein a rotatable and translatable bayonet device or means having an arrow shaped end is carried by respective ones of the vending machine door and cabinet and a stationary slotted receiving member carried by the other one of the respective door and cabinet. The bayonet device arrow shaped end enters the slotted receiving member and then rotates to secure the door and the end translates longitudinally to pull in the door for effectively sealing a door gasket on the machine. The locking device is constructed so as to enable that rotation at least in the transitional phase with longitudinal translation of the arrow shaped end occurs together. 
         [0014]    A specific intelligence is embedded into the controller that facilitates several fault modes and operational parameter of the electromechanical system. This intelligence may be delineated as relay or software type of logic. The lock controller provides two specific functions. 
         [0015]    Access control functions to ascertain the authorized user is accessing the locking device. Several access control methodologies may be utilized such as keypads with specific codes for entry, hand-held transceivers, electronic digital keys, transponders, etc. 
         [0016]    Typical access control functions such as keypads, remote controls and electronic keys are taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,618,082 to Denison and U.S. Pat. No. 5,349,345 to Vandershel. The locking device may utilize any such access control methodology that is appropriate for the application for the operator and for the enclosure to which the lock is mounted. 
         [0017]    Lock motor control functions once the controller has determined the lock is authorized to change from the locked to unlocked state, or, authorized to change from the unlocked to locked state. The components required to accomplish the required motor control operation are the motor drive, cam or bayonet, Receiver, Receiver Sensor, SW 1  end of rotation sensor, SW 2  30 degree Sensor, over-current sensor, and the CPU based controller. 
         [0018]    The cylindrical device has a cover located about the opposite side of the area that causes the pin to wind it way on the ramp. This cover keeps the pin in a proper perpendicular path to the mechanisms securing motion. 
         [0019]    The utilization of this device is providing simple easy access to devices that by necessity of application have a gasket or another means of sealing a door or the like. This would be described by what is common known as an automotive door. The door must be accelerated to a speed that can facilitate the compression of the gasket and then secure the door. Much like slamming of a car door. This device provides an alternate method of closing the door and pulling the gasket to a sealed condition. This device is also furthered in its invention by having methodology through electrical monitoring of the cam or bayonet conditions to adjust the pressure on the door gasket or seal. This is accommodated either by electrical position devices or detecting the motor characteristics by the electrical controller. The automotive door is used to only describe the actions, which caused the necessity of this invention. Any device that has a requirement for securing and sealing is a possible application of this device. 
         [0020]    A non-exhaustive listing of possible applications for the present locking system includes truck doors, vending machine doors, automotive doors, refrigerator doors, and the like. 
         [0021]    The cylindrical device with its associated motor and electrical detection devices are always mounted in a manner that separates them from the receiver unit. To further clarify this explanation consider the following sample concept, a car door has a rotary type securing device that is generally located in the door that secures its via a mechanical interface with a pin that is located in the frame of the vehicle. The cylindrical device would draw a similarity in its function as the rotary type device. The utility of this is to further the security by sealing the door after closing. Recalling that this device in its improvement into the market does not require massive forces to initiate the function of securing the cam or bayonet. This means that the device the system is mounted to would inherently be subject to less stress and wear, thus extending its life. 
         [0022]    While there are mechanisms in the public domain that facilitate total system functionality of the specific motion similar to that being described here. One of the unique attributes of this product design is its ability to absorb very high closing impact forces without subjecting the system or the mechanism it is mounted to any impact damages. This system has shock absorbing devices located within the tube and positioned on the end of the cam or bayonet. Such is this geometry that it does not deter from the adjustment function as an independent local event in the motion of pulling in. The cam or bayonet in this system also serves to assist with alignment of the device it&#39;s attached to. By moving from the closed to the secure positions the cam or bayonet has geometry which considers the perpendicularity into its motion and effectively cams it into the perpendicular position. 
         [0023]    Also the other commercial systems which have similar motion to securing and sealing do not utilize the unique rotary motion of the cam or bayonet used in this system. 
         [0024]    This system replaces many devices in the public domain. Systems such a handles for vending machines. This system is designed to operate within the structure of the device it is securing. Therefore there is not external means by which to attack it. It may operate via an electrical controller that can utilize a variety of communication methods that are commercially available. These include but are not limited to Infrared, Radio frequency, and Switch keylock. 
         [0025]    Because this design requires the application of an electrical signal to the motor to activate the system for both securing and opening sequence These activities can be monitored for later data collection. This data collection can be facilitated in many methodologies. This data then can serve the operator or owner for the purposes of detecting what key was used to gain access to the system. 
         [0026]    One methodology which is being claimed that is unique to this design is the ability to monitor the data through acquisition of the data with the remote initialization device. Typically known as a key, Key FOB of remote control. While this data collection is not primary to the system function. It acts to enhance the product to the market place 
         [0027]    In still another embodiment of the invention, a locking system for locking a door to an opening in a cabinet or the like comprises a latching assembly for attachment to one of either a door or a cabinet. The latching assembly comprises a motor, a first driving member operatively coupled to the motor, a second driving member having a pivot and operatively coupled to the first driving member, first and second pivotable plates, each plate having a slidable pivot point and an opening defined therein by an interior edge, a latching plate joining each of the first and second pivotable plates, and at least a first cam element fixed to a first surface of the second driving member about the pivot and positioned within the opening of the first pivotable plate to engage the interior edge. In a similar embodiment, a second cam element may be fixed to a second surface of the second driving member about the pivot and positioned within the opening of the second pivotable plate to engage the interior edge. 
         [0028]    The locking system further comprises a receiving post for attachment to the other of the door or the cabinet, the preferred receiving post including a longitudinal axis, and a latching portion. In operation, the first driving member is rotated by the motor, while the second driving member is rotated by the first driving member. The first and second cam elements move with the second driving member to bias against the interior edge of the respective openings of the first and second pivotable plates. The first and second pivotable plates are moved by the first and second cam elements to either engage the latching plate with or disengage the latching plate from the latching portion of the receiving post. Finally, the receiving post is moved along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the post by a force applied by the latching plate to the latching portion. 
         [0029]    As an aspect of an embodiment of the invention, the locking system may also comprise a first position switch for initiating operation of the motor, the first position switch being responsive to one of either the door or the cabinet. Still, a second position switch for discontinuing operation of the motor may be employed, the second position switch being responsive to one of the first pivotable plate, the second pivotable plate, the first cam element, the second cam element, the door, the receiving post, or the cabinet. 
         [0030]    In a related method for locking a door to an opening, the method comprises the steps of operating a power train to turn a first driving member, turning a second driving member coupled to the first driving member, moving a latching plate fixed to first and second pivoting plates having corresponding respective slidable pivot points and openings defined thereon, engaging a latching portion of a receiving post having a longitudinal axis with the latching plate, continuing movement of the latching plate, drawing the receiving post in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, sensing a position of one of the first driving member, the second driving member, the latching plate, or the receiving post, and discontinuing operation of the power train when a predetermined position is achieved. 
         [0031]    It is an aspect of the disclosed method that the latching plate and the receiving post are attached to one of either a door or a cabinet having an opening. 
         [0032]    It is a further aspect of the disclosed method to include the steps of sensing a position of the door, and signaling a controller to initiate operation of the power train. 
         [0033]    These and other aspects of the invention will be more readily understood by those skilled in the art by a careful reading of the following disclosure, including the appended drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0034]      FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an illustrative vending type machine A with a door B and cabinet C in a partially open position showing the locking devices; 
           [0035]      FIG. 2  is an enlarged perspective view of the system with the door mounted receiver and cabinet mounted cam operating lock; 
           [0036]      FIG. 3  is an enlarged perspective view of the receiver and cam operator in a locked position free of the door and cabinet; 
           [0037]      FIG. 4  is a plan view of the receiver; 
           [0038]      FIGS. 5A and 5B  respectively are plan views showing the beginning secure functions for the cam and receiver; 
           [0039]      FIGS. 6A and 6B  are plan views showing the advancements of the cam into the receiver; 
           [0040]      FIGS. 7A and 7B  are plan views of the system showing rotational locking and drawing in by the cam; 
           [0041]      FIGS. 8A and 8B  are plan views showing the cam locking unit in its unlocked position without the receiver; 
           [0042]      FIGS. 9A and 9B  are plan views like  FIGS. 8A and 8B  with the receiver; 
           [0043]      FIGS. 10A to 10F  are perspective views of alternative cam designs useful with the electronic lock; 
           [0044]      FIGS. 11 and 12  are flow charts showing respective lock and unlock sequences of operation for the cam locking system; 
           [0045]      FIG. 13  is a perspective, partially exploded view of a modified form of a receiver and cam operator; and 
           [0046]      FIG. 14  is a plan view partially in section of the operating lock of  FIG. 13  in a locked portion 
           [0047]      FIG. 15  is a perspective view of an illustrative vending type machine A with a door B, gasket B′ and cabinet C in a closed position and showing a remote controller D; 
           [0048]      FIG. 16  is a perspective view of the machine of  FIG. 15  with the door opened partially; 
           [0049]      FIG. 17  is a perspective view of the machine of  FIGS. 15 and 16  with the door opened and showing the locking devices; 
           [0050]      FIG. 18  is a perspective view of the bayonet system complete less the receiver unit. Wiring has been deleted to clarify the view. Item  101  is the localized design called a bayonet, it is shown in the secure and pulled in (sealed) position. Item  102  is the cylindrical device with the gear. Item  103  located about its outside diameter. Item  104  is the cover for the cylindrical device. Item  105  is a plate which serves to mount all of the items. The plate generally is part of the device that is to be secured. Item  106  is the electrical detection mount bracket that houses Items  106   a  (SW  1 ) and Item  106   b  (SW  2 ) Item  107  is the local geometry which detects the position of the cylindrical device. Item  108  is the electrical controller board. Item  109  is the adjuster device that positions the bayonet. Item  110  is the motor that provides the drives the gear assembly. Item  111  is the tube. Item  112  is a snap ring that holds the cylindrical device on the tube assembly. 
           [0051]      FIG. 19  is a perspective clarifying the position indicators Item  107  of the cylindrical device. 
           [0052]      FIG. 20  is a perspective view of the receiver unit. Item  113  is the receiver plate. Item  114  is the housing of the receiver. Item  115  is a door or moveable plate that the bayonet Item  101  pushes as it is inserted into the receiver. Item  117  which is mounted in Item  116  and fastens to Item  114  then switches state. The controller through wiring Item  120  detects this. Items  118  and  119  serve to mount and bias the door assembly. Area Item  114   a  is provided as a typical mounting scenario. 
           [0053]    The stationary receiver unit of  FIG. 20  is mounted into the stationary cabinet C as shown in  FIG. 17  using the holes  114   a.  The slotted plate  113  receives the end arrow section of the bayonet  101  shown in  FIGS. 18 and 19 . The moveable plate  115  of  FIG. 20  is pushed rearward by the arrow section of the bayonet  101 , which causes the movable plate to rotate about the axle  118  and activates the switch  117 , resulting in activation of the gear motor  110  shown in  FIGS. 18 and 19 . A flat spring  206  that is nested in both sides of the receiver unit and having two curved shapes allows the slotted plate  113  to move horizontally in both directions. After the arrow section of the bayonet  101  is removed from the stationary receiver unit, the flat spring will reposition the slotted plate  113  about its original centerline position as it relates to the stationary receiver. This movement allows for horizontal manufacturing tolerance for both the cabinet C and the door B as the lock of  FIG. 19  and the stationary receiver of  FIG. 20  are mounted. The vertical slot in the slotted plate  113  allows for vertical tolerances. 
           [0054]      FIGS. 21 and 22  respectively are perspective views of the beginning secure functions. Item  101  is aligned to a slot located in Item  113 . Items  111  and  102  move into position (as they are mounted to Item  105 ) this places the end of the Item  101  behind the Item  113 . ( FIG. 19 ). At this time (SW  2 ) changes state serving as a local detection device.  FIG. 15  Item  106   b.    
           [0055]      FIG. 23  is a perspective view that has Items  102 ,  112 , and  104  removed. Item  111  is kept stationary via slots located in area  111   a  and with conventional threads. Item  101  has a slot through it to allow a spring action provided by Item  123  as the Item  101  impacts Item  113 . The  101   a  slot provides the area for this. The pin Item  122  is held in place by the geometry  111   b . The rollers Items  121  will provide antifriction surfaces during future operations. 
           [0056]      FIG. 24  is a perspective view of the bayonet system in its secure position. The Item  102  has rotated and item  106   FIG. 18  (sw 1 ) has detected the proper position via the Item  107  geometry. Item  101  is now located behind Item  113  and is rotated 90 degrees. 
           [0057]      FIG. 25  is a perspective view indicating what the internal geometry is in place at the same time as  FIG. 21 . Pin Item  122  has moved into position along the  111   b  area. This is accomplished via  FIG. 23  area  102   a.  Gear Item  103  rotates about the area  102   e  guided by Item  111 . Surface  102   a  causes pin Item  122  to move 90 degrees. 
           [0058]      FIG. 26 , item  102   d  is provided as mounting surfaces for  FIG. 25  Item  104 . Surface  104   a  as mounted into Item  102  provide guiding for Items  121  and then translated through to Item  122 . Area Item  104   d  corresponds to Item  102   d    FIG. 23 . Area  102   a  has a steel reinforced arrangement to prevent deformation of the plastic as it ages. 
           [0059]      FIG. 27  is a perspective view showing the pulling or sealing function. Item  102  has continued to rotate via the motor Item  110 . The local geometry of the ramp area  102   a  through  102   b  causes the rollers Items  121  to move with it. This pulls (moves) the Item  101  back away from Item  113 . This is seen by the extension of Item  109  as it protrudes from Item  111 . 
           [0060]      FIG. 28  is a perspective view of the outer guide that mates with the  FIG. 23  guide. 
           [0061]      FIG. 29  is a perspective view of the bayonet Item  101 . Item  101   c  is threaded to facilitate the adjuster screw Item  109 . This screw limits the travel of the Item  101  by intersection of the pin Item  122  with the bottom of the Item  119 . 
           [0062]      FIGS. 30 and 31  are flow charts showing the respective lock and unlock sequences of operation for the bayonet locking system. 
           [0063]    Between Item  102  and mounting plate Item  105  mounting plate there is a thin plate to allow for a sliding friction plate surface this allows for a lubrication area. 
           [0064]      FIG. 32  is a side view illustrating an embodiment of a locking assembly as it would be positioned with the door in an open condition; 
           [0065]      FIG. 33  is a side view of an embodiment of a locking assembly in an unlocked condition in accordance with the present invention; 
           [0066]      FIG. 34  is a similar view of the embodiment of  FIG. 32  showing a latched condition of the locking assembly; 
           [0067]      FIG. 35  is a similar view of the embodiment of  FIG. 32  showing a locked condition of the locking assembly; 
           [0068]      FIG. 36  is a side view of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 33 , though taken from a side opposite to the view of  FIG. 33 ; 
           [0069]      FIG. 37  is an opposite side view of the embodiment of the locking assembly shown in  FIG. 34  in the latched condition; 
           [0070]      FIG. 38  is an opposite side view of the embodiment of the locking assembly shown in  FIG. 35  in a locked condition; 
           [0071]      FIG. 39  is a perspective view of an embodiment of a receiving post made in accordance with the present invention; and 
           [0072]      FIG. 40  is a perspective view of an embodiment of the assembly of a toothed-gear, first and second pivotable plates and the latching plate made in accordance with the present invention. 
       
    
    
       [0073]    In consideration of the electrical functions of the system the following description applies to the controller utilized. This controller features unique combination of sensing and control that differentiate it from controllers used in the public domain. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0074]    While the present invention is to be described herein in connection with the best mode presently contemplated by the inventor for carrying out the invention, the preferred embodiments described and shown are for purposes of illustration only, and are not to be construed as constituting any limitations of the invention. Modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and all modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
         [0075]    Locked to Unlocked for Both the Cam and Bayonet Locking Systems: 
         [0076]    For specific details of the electronic control operation, reference may be made to our co-pending application publication Jul. 28, 2005 as US 2005/0161953 A1. In controlling the motor to change the state of the lock from locked to unlocked, the controller must first receive a valid access control signal from the operator (via a secure access control input means such as a keypad or hand-held transmitter) and shall proceed to energize the motor in the forward direction. The controller will wait for a position feedback indicator which is measured by a controller CPU to determine the lock has landed in the unlocked state. If this sensor is closed, the controller will proceed to break and de-energize the motor. In case the sensor is failed, the controller uses a motor current feedback signal to detect end of worm gear travel by sensing a stall motor condition and to de-energize the motor. In case both sensors fail, the controller will discontinue operation based on elapsed time. 
         [0077]    In the case an over-current signal is received, the controller must determine if this signal is a function of a jammed cam with the lock still in the locked state, or if this signal is a function of the worm gear reaching the unlocked state and the sensor failed. In the case of a jam, the receiver sensor is expected to be closed and the condition is still locked. Thus, the controller will proceed to assume a locked condition. In the case the receiver sensor is open, it is assumed that the cam has unseated from the receiver and the lock is unlocked. Thus, the controller will proceed to the unlocked state. 
         [0078]    Unlocked to Locked for the Cam Locking System: 
         [0079]    In controlling the motor,  FIG. 2 , item  10  to change the state of the lock from unlocked to locked, the controller shall wait to receive a valid lock signal from the operator. This signal shall at a minimum be a sensor signal received by the controller whether the cam,  FIG. 2 , item  1  is positioned to be seated in the receiver. 
         [0080]    The receiver  13  sensor  FIG. 4  is a plate like a member with a slot opening  13 A preferably mounted to door B ( FIG. 1 ), which is open when the lock is unlocked 
         [0081]    In  FIGS. 2 and 3  there is shown the sequence of closing and locking a vending machine door in accordance with the present electronic cam lock system, Door B carrying the receiver  13  with slot opening  13 A is moved toward the cabinet C which here carries the cylinder driven unit  2  which operates the cam element  1 . In  FIG. 3 , the plate receiver is guided in place by a Y slot guide  20 , the motor drive advances the cam  1  into the slot  13 A and the unit  2  is ready for rotation of the cam  1 . 
         [0082]    As seen in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the receiver  13  will engage a spring held side  17  that can be moved horizontally to sense the positioning of the receiver with respect to the retracted or unlock position of the cam  1 . The slide  17  has a sloped notch area  18  which operates sensor switch  19  to provide the signals for when the locking and unlocking actions can be operated by a controller and the motor drive unit. When the cam  1  is in position and the sensor switch allows the motor drive to operate,  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the cam  1  is advanced longitudinally as shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B  so that receiver  13  is captured and the door is held closed. Referring to  FIGS. 7A and 7B  the cam  1  is rotated within slot  13 A and the result is that a door carrying receiver  13  would be pulled in. The drive motor  10  rotates the cam  1  in the receiver and pulls in the door until the sensor signals the cam position for the controller to stop the motor. During locking if switch  19  senses that the receiver has moved back out of position before the cam  1  enters the slot the motor is reversed and the unlock position is maintained until the next cycle. 
         [0083]    In  FIGS. 8A and 8B , the cam  1  driving unit  2  and its components are shown as mounted to a bracket  5  which is easily attachable to a cabinet as in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . The cam element  1  is shown in a retracted and unlocked position. 
         [0084]    Referring to  FIGS. 10A-F , there is shown various alternative cam  1  elements which can be used with the present locking system.  FIG. 10B  shows the same cam as in the previous  FIGS. 1-9 , and it is preferably used with a guide  20  as shown in  FIG. 3 . 
         [0085]      FIG. 10A  shows a notched element  1  with a raised lip  22  and notched  23  which would co-act with receiver  13 , slot  13 A for a self guidance action. It is similar to the bayonet catch action of applicants&#39; referenced patents. 
         [0086]      FIG. 10C  shows another notched form with a notch  23 C and a horizontal lip  22 C. This form provides a tip  24 C to guide the cam into slot  13 A. 
         [0087]      FIG. 10D  shows a cam form with a single roller  25 D and  FIG. 10E  shows a double roller  26 B for smoother transitions and increased cam life in more demanding and heavy duty applications, respectively.  FIG. 10F  shows a shaped cam  28  that is generally conical. It will enter the receiver slot and provide pull in with the longitudinal movement of the driving unit and rotation is unnecessary to its operation. Rollers, not shown, can be carried by the receiver or the conical shaped cam to reduce wear and friction. 
         [0088]    Flow charts  FIG. 11  and  FIG. 12 , respectively indicate the lock to locked events and vice-versa for the cam locking system. The sensor switch  19  which is operated by slide  17  that determines the position and absence of the receiver  13  provides the requisite signals for the controller to operate the motor  10 . 
         [0089]    Referring to  FIGS. 13 and 14  there is shown a locking system like the one discussed with respect to  FIG. 3 , for example, but with additional support means for the outboard end of the cam when in the extended portion. This provides additional strength against attempted prying open of the door. 
         [0090]    In accordance with the present aspect of the invention, the cam  1  is preferably like that in  FIG. 10C . A plate member  30  that can be affixed along wall bracket  5 , carries a bushing means  32  into which the extended portion  24   c  of cam  1  fits and provides strengthened support of the cam outboard end. 
         [0091]    As explained further herein, the present invention can be used with an axially rotatable pin with a finned end here shown on the door B in  FIG. 17 . The pin upon rotation when the door is closed catches one of the fins against a bracket  132  on the cabinet C. Placement of at least one of such pin and bracket arrangements prevents prying of the door at a corner. With the cam locking means adjacent an opposite corner, both door opening corners are protected. 
         [0092]    Unlocked to Locked for the Bayonet Locking System: 
         [0093]    In controlling the motor  FIG. 18  item  110  to change the state of the lock from unlocked to locked, the controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  shall wait to receive a valid lock signal from the operator. This signal shall at a minimum be a sensor signal received by the controller that the bayonet  FIG. 17  Item  101  is seated in the receiver as indicated by  FIG. 19  (Receiver sensor closed). It is a requirement that the controller must measure the state change of the receiver sensor  FIG. 20  Item  117  from open to closed circuit in order to initiate the locking event. In addition to this signal, the controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  may also expect to receive a valid access control signal from the operator simultaneously, for example the electronic key. This dual signal requirement would serve the purpose of insuring the operator will not accidentally lock the access control means in the enclosure. The controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  shall proceed to energize the motor  FIG. 18  Item  110  in the reverse direction. The controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  will wait for a position feedback indicator  FIG. 18  Item  106   a  (SW  1 ) which is measured by the controller CPU located on  FIG. 18  Item  108  to determine the lock has landed in the secure state. In case the  FIG. 18  Item  106   a  (SW  1 ) sensor is failed, the controller uses a motor current feedback signal to detect end of  FIG. 26  area  102   b  end of travel by sensing a stall motor condition and to de-energize the motor. In case both sensors fail, the controller will discontinue operation based on elapsed time. 
         [0094]    In addition to the typical locking control operation described above, several safety and fault tolerant monitoring processes must be included in the locking control algorithm. For example, when the controller proceeds to energize the motor, the bayonet will begin to turn and will proceed to be captured behind the stationary receiver device to accomplish the locking feature. At this interface, there can exist a misalignment of the bayonet to the receiver  FIG. 17  item  113  and the bayonet Item  101  can jam into the receiver surface area  FIG. 21  area  113   a , which would cause a failure of the lock. This failure can be detected by the electronics, which would proceed with a re-initialization process of the lock components (lock bayonet and controller). 
         [0095]    The bayonet jam detection will most likely take place during the period the bayonet is rotating to pass behind the receiver. This period is detected by the controller by monitoring a feedback sensor that measures the  FIG. 18  Item  102  which relates to the bayonet position, referred to as the  FIG. 18  Item  106   b  30 degree sensor SW 2 . To properly recover from a bayonet jam event during the bayonet rotation period described above, the detection system we chose to implement is a system where the lock motor controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  monitors two sensors and controls the lock motor  FIG. 18  Item  110  as described below: 
         [0096]    The bayonet receiver sensor  FIG. 20  Item  117 , which is open when the lock is unlocked, would produce a closed signal when the bayonet seats in the receiver to initiate the locking event. Referred to as closed but not secure. If while the  FIG. 18  Item  106   b  (SW 2 ) sensor is closed (less than 30 degrees rotation), the receiver later produces an open signal to the controller to indicate the bayonet is no longer properly aligned behind the receiver. 
         [0097]    A sensor that measures the current draw of the motor turning the bayonet. If while the  FIG. 18  Item  106   b  (SW 2 ) sensor is closed and motor current exceeds a pre-determined value which equals the stall current value of the motor selected for the application, the controller will determine that the bayonet is jammed into the receiver, or, possibly another type of bayonet restriction exists. 
         [0098]    The bayonet jam recovery procedure that the controller shall follow is described below: 
         [0099]    The controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  shall proceed to de-energize the motor  FIG. 18  item  110  to stop the bayonet  FIG. 18  Item  101  from attempting to turn. 
         [0100]    The controller shall proceed with a forward energization of the lock motor to return the bayonet to the fully unlocked position. Once the  FIG. 18  Item  106   a  (SW 1 ) sensor is closed and the fully unlocked position  FIG. 21  is achieved by the bayonet, the controller will brake the  FIG. 18  Item  110  motor and the controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  will return to the unlocked operation mode. In this mode, the controller  FIG. 18  Item  108  will wait for a locking initiation signal from the operator via a state change from opened to closed by the receiver sensor.  FIG. 20  Item  117 . 
         [0101]    Flow-charts  FIG. 30  and  FIG. 31 , respectively, indicate the lock to unlocked events and vice-versa for the bayonet locking system. 
         [0102]    In accordance with another feature of the invention, referring to  FIG. 17 , an axially rotatable pin  130  with a finned end  131  is here shown on the door B. The pin  130  upon rotation when the door is closed catches one of the fins  131  against a bracket  132 , here shown on the cabinet C. Placement of at least one of such pin and bracket arrangements prevents prying of the door at a corner. With the bayonet locking means adjacent an opposite corner, both door opening corners are protected. 
         [0103]    With reference to  FIGS. 32-40 , still another embodiment of the locking system  200  of the present invention can be understood. In this preferred embodiment, beginning with  FIG. 32 , the locking system  200  consists of a latching assembly  201  including a motor  202  connected to a second drive gear  203  by a first drive gear  204 , a pair of mirror-image pivotable plates  210 A, B, and a latching plate  211  connected to the pivotable plates  210 A, B (see  FIG. 40 ). The latching plate  211  connects to both latching plates  210 A, B and is configured to engage a receiving post  212 . Preferably, as shown in  FIG. 40 , the latching plate  211  has a U-shaped notch  213  into which the post  212  is guided and secured. 
         [0104]    Further, attached to a surface of the second drive gear  203  is a cam element  205 , the function of which is explained below. Alternatively, the cam element  205  may be connected through the gear  203  at a top surface with a second cam element  206  attached to a bottom surface of gear  203 , as shown in  FIG. 36 . The dual cam elements divide the force applied by each can to the inner edge of the respective openings. 
         [0105]    The cam elements  205 ,  206  direct the movement of the pivotable plates  210 A, B by biasing against an inner edge  221  of the opening  217  on each plate  210  (see  FIG. 40 ). The cam elements  205 ,  206  may be made from a rigid material, relative to the gear  203 , or they may comprise a roller  218  or another element that would serve to apply a force on an inner edge  221  of the plate opening  217  at a reduced friction. 
         [0106]    The pivotable plates  210 A, B are preferably held in place by a mounting post  224  through slot  225  ( FIG. 40 ). As illustrated in  FIGS. 32-38 , the plates  210 A, B rotate and slide about the mounting post via slot  225  as a result of the movement of the cam elements  205  and  206 . That is, as gear  203  operates in a clockwise direction (as viewed in  FIGS. 32-35 ), cam element  205  moves into contact with the inner edge  221  of the opening  217 . As a result, the pivotable plates  210 A, B are pivoted about mounting post  224  to move substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the receiving post  212 . As the gear  203  continues to rotate, the cam element  205  contacts a different portion of the inner edge  221  of the opening  217  and directs the pivotable plates  210 A, B in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. This movement will be referenced in more detail below. 
         [0107]    The receiving post  212 , as shown in  FIG. 39 , is substantially cylindrical with two recessed flat surfaces  226  and  227  on opposing sides and positioned proximate one end of the post  212 . These surfaces  226 ,  227  are engaged by the U-shaped notch  213  in the latching plate  211  of the locking system  200 . The post  212  may be round in cross-section or of any other shape, including square, polygonal, and oval. For some applications, the post  212  may include only a single recessed surface to be engaged. Preferably, the post is manufactured of a rigid material that can provide sufficient strength when engaged by the latching plate  211 , whether passing under and/or behind and/or through the post  212 . 
         [0108]    A portion of the locking system  200  (e.g., the latching assembly  201 ) can be mounted in a door or in a cabinet, including any door jamb or frame, in any manner known to those of skill in the art. Likewise, the post  212  of the locking system  200  may be mounted in the other of the door or the cabinet, including any part of the door jamb or frame. By “cabinet” the present disclosure is meant to include a room, structure, container, box, machine, furniture, appliance, chamber, cavity, vessel, compartment, or the like, including any portion thereof, whether opened or closed, and having thereon an opening of any size or shape over which a door, panel or similar structure may be secured. Collectively, the cabinet and door may be referred to as a “unit” in this disclosure. 
         [0109]    In a preferred embodiment, the post  212  is attached to a door (not shown) and enters an opening of the locking system  200  prior to a locking event. The locking event can be triggered by detection of the post  212  or detection of closure of the door by, for example, position switch  209 . The closing of position switch  209  sends a signal to a controller  230 , which initiates operation of the power train or motor  202 . The motor  202  will proceed to rotate a first driving member, worm gear  204  of  FIG. 33 , which is coupled to turn a second driving member, gear  203  of  FIG. 33 . 
         [0110]    As described above, the rotation of gear  203  functions to move cam elements  205 ,  206  about the gear axis. The first movement of the pivotable plates  210 A, B moves the latching plate  211  to engage the receiving post  212  about the recessed surfaces  216 ,  217 . The drive gear  203  via cam elements  205 ,  206  applies a force on the inner edge  221  of the opening  217 . As the plates  210 A, B pivot, the U-shaped notch  213  of latching plate  211  will latch onto the receiving post  212  by moving substantially latitudinal. The post  212  and the U-shaped notch  213  preferably consist of chamfered surfaces in order to guide any initial misalignment of the latch elements together properly. 
         [0111]    Once the latching plate  211  moves latitudinal into the position of  FIG. 34 , the unit is latched. The motor  202  will continue to rotate and the resulting force of the gear  203  and cam elements  205 ,  206  on the shaped slot  225  of the pivotable plates  210 A, B will move the plates in a substantially longitudinal direction to the position illustrated in  FIG. 35 . As the pivotable plates  210 A, B move longitudinally, the engaged post  212  is drawn inward, serving to draw the door of the cabinet into the cabinet. The motor  202  will continue to turn until the controller  230  that controls the motor  202  senses the position switches  223  and discontinues operation of the motor  232  to complete the locking operation. 
         [0112]    To unlatch and unlock the locking system  200  in a preferred embodiment, the controller  230  will accept an access control signal from, for example, a numerical keypad (not shown), and in response the controller shall initiate the motor  202  to begin to unlatch the unit. In this embodiment, the controller reverses the motor  202 , turning the worm gear  204  and driving the gear  203  and cam element  205 ,  206 . This movement occurs in an order opposite to that described above. That is, the cam elements  205 ,  206  serve to move and extend the pivotable plates  210 A, B and thus the latching plate  211  longitudinally to allow the post  212  to retreat from its drawn in position shown in  FIG. 35 . The resulting position is illustrated in  FIG. 34 . From this position, the motor  202  continues to rotate the gear  203  and cam element  205 . The force of the cam element  205  on the opening  217  of the plates  210 A, B moves the latching plate  211  latitudinal to disengage the U-shaped notch  213  from the receiving post  212  to unlatch the unit as illustrated in  FIG. 33  and allow opening of the door (see  FIG. 32 ). 
         [0113]    An advantage of the present invention is the U-shaped notch  213  in latching plate  211  which provides for two parallel engagement surfaces between the locking system  200  and the receiving post  212 . Engagement at two parallel surfaces along two surfaces of the post  212  provides 1) proper alignment of the post  212  with the latching plate  211  when the latching part of the locking process takes place, 2) greater strength of the connection, compared to the use of a single engagement surface, to allow the mechanism to draw-in the post  212  with a greater force, and 3) the ability to withstand greater pull-apart forces in the event of an attempted forced-entry to the unit. Of course, the notched surfaces of the post  212  need not be parallel to each other and the U-shaped notch  213  may take another form which provides double surface engagement. 
         [0114]    Another advantage of an embodiment of the present invention is the shape and geometry of the pivotable plates  210 A, B. The plates  210 A, B provide two attachment arms connecting to the drive gear  203  and cam elements  205 ,  206 . The two attachment arms serve to divide the load onto the two plates, instead of one, and increases the strength of the locking system  200  to prevent a forced entry.

Technology Classification (CPC): 4