Patent Abstract:
An apparatus and method for a piston head assembly for an R/C car shock absorber provides for variable dampening forces during compression movement based on how fast the piston is moving. During a first compression stroke, more fluid is allowed through the at least one variable valves, while during a second compression stroke faster than the first stroke, fluid movement is restricted through the at least one variable valves to quickly return the vehicle to proper riding position with respect to the road or track.

Full Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to shock absorbers and, more particularly in some non-limiting embodiments, to a variable dampening speed piston head assembly for an R/C (Radio controlled) car shock absorber. 
     Background 
     The sport of R/C vehicle racing is highly competitive. Professional drivers of R/C vehicles who race at the upper levels of the sport are well paid by sponsors. Engineers and hobbyists have worked for decades to constantly improve performance of R/C vehicles in every aspect of operation including motors, tires, weight, construction, shock absorbers, and the like. R/C vehicle enthusiasts are constantly searching for improved performance. Even small changes that can improve performance of lap speed by fractions of seconds are highly desirable and sought after. However, given the long term intense competition and efforts for improvements in this field, it is somewhat unusual to find improvements that reliably improve lap speed by one-half second or more. Moreover devices that do provide performance improvements are often complex and inconsistent or prone to being less robust than desirable. Devices that provide improved performance in a manner that is readily repeatable and reliable are highly sought after. 
     Shock absorbers are commonly used in R/C vehicles and are commonly used in conjunction with springs in a variety of applications, particularly vehicles, bicycles, and the like, to control suspension movement by absorbing and dissipating energy during travel. Fluid-filled shock absorbers are one common type of shock absorber wherein a piston fastened to a piston rod travels through fluid in the bore of the piston cylinder. Another common type is similarly constructed, but with a gas instead of a fluid housed within the piston cylinder. 
     When a vehicle encounters a bump or uneven terrain, the suspension compresses during the compression stroke. After completing the compression stroke, the suspension responds by returning to its original position during the rebound stroke. Valves on the piston head restrict the flow of oil through the piston, causing more pressure to be created in front of the piston then behind it. The pressure differential creates the damping force needed to resist the uncontrolled movement of the piston and associated spring. The desired number of valves for the piston head changes depending on the terrain in which the vehicle will travel, the desired responsiveness of the vehicle, and the like. It would be desirable to have a piston assembly that would be adaptable to respond effectively to a variety of environments. 
     In the R/C car setting, shock absorbers provide a similar function but on a much smaller scale, which leads to unique problems specific to the R/C car application, including product materials, size difficulties, and the like. Tapered pistons and wafer pistons are just two of many alternatives that have been advanced to combat the problems outlined above. Examples of background patents and publications in the general area of shock absorbers include: 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,620,619, issued Nov. 4, 1986, to Emura et al., discloses a variable-damping-force shock absorber such that the damping force determined through an orifice selected by an orifice adjuster according to the driver&#39;s preference can further automatically be increased during extension for improvement in road-holding ability and decreased during compression for improvement in riding comfort. The shock absorber according to the present invention comprises an annular member formed with an orifice and a disk valve disposed on top of the annular member. During extension, the disk valve is closed for allowing fluid to by-pass through an orifice of the annular member; during compression, the disk valve is opened for additionally allowing fluid to by-pass through the annular member. Further, since the various elements for adjusting the damping force are completely housed within the piston rod, it is possible to increase the stroke of the piston rod. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,775,038, issued Oct. 4, 1988 to Unnikrishnan et al., discloses a piston valving and seal mechanism for a fluid shock absorbing device. A piston is mountable on a piston rod of the device. The piston has an outer periphery, rebound chamber face and compression chamber face. A piston seal is movably mounted in a groove where the piston rebound chamber face and outer periphery meet. The seal is adjacent compression passages in the outer periphery. A seal retainer plate along the piston rebound chamber face with a backing spring bias the seal. The plate is raised from the rebound chamber face and includes passages through the plate for fluid flow through the plate and into underlying recoil passages in the piston. The seal acts as a check valve for the compression passages. A separate recoil passage valve plate on the compression chamber face, with a backing spring, acts as a valve for the recoil passages. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,809,828, issued Mar. 7, 1989 to Nakazato, discloses a one-way damping valve mechanism in a hydraulic damper having a first hydraulic chamber defined in a cylinder, and a piston rod having an inner end on which there is mounted a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder, divides the first hydraulic chamber into a second hydraulic chamber and a third hydraulic chamber. The valve mechanism produces a damping force when the piston is moved in a prescribed direction to move working oil from the second hydraulic chamber into the third hydraulic chamber. The valve mechanism comprises a subvalve for defining a first hydraulic passage to generate a damping force when the piston moves at an extremely low speed in the prescribed direction, and a main valve for defining a second hydraulic passage to generate a damping force when the piston moves in a medium/high speed range in the prescribed direction. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,540,052, issued Apr. 1, 2003 to Fenn et al., discloses a Damping-valve body, in particular for a piston-cylinder unit filled with damping fluid, having separate passages for two directions of flow, at least some of the passages having an outlet opening that is at least partially covered by at least one valve disk. Each passage has a rib that extends radially, relative to a first direction of flow of the damping fluid, from a boundary wall of the passage and bears a valve support surface for the at least one valve disk. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,040,468, issued May. 9, 2006 to Shinata, discloses a hydraulic shock absorber includes a cylindrical housing within which a piston assembly is slidably received. The piston assembly includes a piston element connected to a piston rod and adapted to divide an interior of the housing into compression and rebound chambers. The piston element has compression and rebound passages to provide fluid communication between the compression and rebound chambers. A valve assembly includes a first valve disc positioned on a lower side of the piston element, and a second valve disc retained on the first valve disc. The second valve disc includes apertures arranged in a circumferentially spaced relationship and are selectively openable and closeable by the first valve disc. A third valve disc is retained on the second valve disc and has notches arranged in a circumferentially spaced relationship. The notches cooperate with the apertures to collectively form ports. The ports are communicated with the compression chamber. A fourth valve disc cooperates with the second valve disc to sandwich the third valve disc so that restrictive orifices are defined in an outer end of the notches. Each of the ports has a cross sectional area greater than that of the restrictive orifices regardless of a relative angular position between the second and third valve discs. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,213,689, issued May 8, 2007 to Chang, discloses a shock absorber for a remote-controlled model car includes a sealing member fixed on the topside of a piston. The sealing member has two opposite flexible portions respectively matching with the flow-guiding holes of the piston, with flow gaps formed between the flexible portions and the upper outer sides of the piston. The flow gap, matching with the extent of an external force imposed upon the shock absorber, can be properly diminished or closed up. Each flexible portion is bored with a flow-adjusting hole smaller than and aligned to the flow-guiding hole of the piston for reducing the flow amount of liquid oil flowing through the flow-guiding hole. When pressed by different-extent external forces, the shock absorber can automatically adjust its buffering force to an excellent condition by adjustment of the flow-adjusting holes and the flow gaps. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,310,876, issued Dec. 25, 2007 to May et al., discloses a method for producing a one-part piston body for a piston-cylinder arrangement, in particular a shock absorber piston, is disclosed. The method may include in a first step, pressing a green compact comprising a revolving web and longitudinal support webs from a sinterable metallurgical powder. In a second step, the green compact may be sintered to form a blank. In a third step, radially disposed stamping tools may be used to form, under material displacement, transverse grooves into at least a part of the support webs through cold deformation. In a fourth step, the blank provided with transverse grooves may be calibrated to its final form through pressing with calibrating tools. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 8,083,039, issued Dec. 27, 2011 to Vanbrabant, discloses a disc valve assembly for a shock absorber opens due to axial movement of a valve disc. The valve disc is biased against a valve body by a valve spring. The valve spring is designed to provide a circumferentially asymmetrical load biasing the valve disc against the valve body. The disc valve assembly can be used as a piston rebound valve assembly, a piston compression valve assembly, a base valve compression valve assembly or a base valve rebound valve assembly. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 8,235,188, issued Aug. 7, 2012 to Kais, discloses a damping element for a vibration damper that works with hydraulic fluid. The fundamental structure of the damping element includes a one-piece base body configured as a circular disk, which has a plurality of first flow-through openings, each having an entry cross-section in a first face side of the base body, as well as a plurality of second flow-through openings, each having an entry cross-section in an opposite, second face side of the base body, as well as circular valve disks on both face sides of the base body, which rest against a support surface of the base body, disposed in the center, and at least partially close off exit cross-sections of the flow-through openings. The exit cross-sections are surrounded by control edges, which form contact surfaces for the valve disks and project beyond the support surface as well as the entry cross-sections. The height of the control edges increases with an increasing radial distance from the center point of the base body in the form of a circular disk. According to the invention, the flow-through openings have a flow channel section that is preferably cylindrical and opens into a larger exit cross-section bordered by the control edges. 
     United States Patent Application No. 2013/0180813, published Jul. 18, 2013 to Moore, Jr., discloses a shock absorber configured to mount within a remote control vehicle. The shock absorber includes a cylindrical housing, a piston rod, and an acircular piston head. The piston head includes a plurality of substantially flat surfaces disposed on sides of the piston head that form bypass gaps between the piston head and the cylindrical housing. The acircular piston head includes a plurality of bypass apertures disposed through the piston head in an angularly asymmetrical configuration. The acircular piston head is generally octagon shaped. The acircular piston head includes a plurality of spaced arcuate edges sized to come in contact with an interior surface of the cylindrical housing. The shock absorber includes a plurality of bypass valves formed by cooperative operation of a shim coupled against the bypass apertures, such that fluid is permitted to flow through the bypass valves in a first direction and is restricted in a second direction. 
     United States Patent Application No. 2013/0180813, published Sep. 12, 2013 to Ericksen et al., discloses a vehicle damper comprising a fluid filled cylinder, a piston for movement within the cylinder, at least two fluid ports formed in the piston and at least one shim at least partially blocking the ports. In one embodiment, a fluid collection area is formed between the ports and the shim, the collection area permitting communication between fluid in the ports. In another embodiment, the piston includes at least one aperture constructed and arranged to receive a threaded bleed valve. 
     Many efforts have been made to improve the operation of all components of R/C vehicles including the relatively small size shock absorbers of R/C vehicles. Consequently, those skilled in the art will appreciate the present invention that addresses the above and other problems. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to provide an improved R/C shock absorber that improves racing lap times. 
     Another possible object of the present invention is to provide an improved piston head assembly for R/C shock absorbers that improves racing performance. 
     Another possible object is to provide an improved piston head assembly for R/C shock absorbers with variable damping force. 
     Yet another possible object of the present invention is to provide a reliable and simplified piston for R/C shock absorbers which provides for a variable compression damping force to reliably improve lap times. 
     Yet another possible object of the present invention is to provide valve members that can be utilized in conjunction with the valve members shown in my previous application Ser. No. 14/631,190, filed Feb. 25, 2015. For simplicity the valve members of my previous application are not shown but are simply mounted in conjunction. 
     In accordance with the disclosure, one embodiment of the present invention may include, but is not limited to, a variable dampening speed piston head assembly for an R/C shock absorber, the R/C shock absorber comprising a piston rod, a piston cylinder, and fluid within the piston cylinder, the variable dampening speed piston head assembly comprising: a piston head with a round periphery and defining a plurality of variable valve holes to permit two-way fluid flow through the piston head when the piston head reciprocates in the piston cylinder; a dampening member comprising a central portion with a hole therethrough and a plurality of valve members extending radially outwardly from the central portion; a fastener to secure the dampening member and the piston head to the piston rod whereby the plurality of valve members are oriented to engage each of the plurality of variable valve holes to thereby form a plurality of variable valves in the piston head; and the plurality of valve members being mounted to be moveable between a first position relative to the valve holes and a second position relative to the valve holes, in the first position the plurality of valve members being positioned further from the valve holes to allow greater fluid flow through the valve holes than in the second position where the valve members permit a lesser fluid flow through the valve holes. 
     The plurality of valve members are moveable between the first position and the second position only during a compression stroke. 
     The plurality of valve members are bendable to move between the first position and the second position. 
     The plurality of valve members are bendable in response to speed of movement of the piston head in a direction of a compression stroke, the plurality of valve members being responsive to bend to a greater degree in response to a greater speed of the compression stroke than a lesser speed of the compression stroke. 
     The plurality of valve members may be bendable from the first position to the second position in response to a fall of the R/C vehicle from no more than six inches, no more than eight inches, no more than ten inches, or no more than eleven inches. 
     The plurality of valve members may be substantially flat from a side view in the first position. 
     The plurality of valve members are bent so that an end of the plurality of valve members engages the piston head in the second position. In another embodiment, the plurality of valve members are bent so that an only an outermost end of the plurality of valve members engages the piston head in the second position. 
     The dampening member further comprises a Delrin®, or non-oriented or spun carbon fiber. 
     The apparatus may further include a recess in the piston head with the dampening member at least partially engaged within the recess. 
     The recess may include a plurality of scalloped portions corresponding with each of the plurality of valve holes, the plurality of scalloped portions having a thickness less than that of the piston head. 
     The apparatus may further include at least one self-centering ridge on the piston head. 
     In accordance with the disclosure, another embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a method for manufacturing a variable dampening speed piston head assembly for an R/C shock absorber, the R/C shock absorber comprising a piston rod, a piston cylinder, and fluid within the piston cylinder, the variable dampening speed piston head assembly. 
     The steps include providing a piston head with a round periphery and defining a plurality of variable valve holes to permit two-way fluid flow through the piston head when the piston head reciprocates in the piston cylinder, providing a dampening member comprising a central portion with a hole therethrough and a plurality of valve members extending radially outwardly from the central portion, and securing a fastener to the dampening member and the piston head to the piston rod whereby the plurality of valve members are oriented to engage each of the plurality of variable valve holes to thereby form a plurality of variable valves in the piston head. 
     A final step is mounting the plurality of valve members to be moveable between a first position relative to the valve holes and a second position relative to the valve holes, in the first position the plurality of valve members being positioned further from the valve holes to allow greater fluid flow through the valve holes than in the second position where the valve members permit a lesser fluid flow through the valve holes. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an elevational view, partially in section, of a piston head assembly in an R/C shock absorber during a first compression stroke in accord with one possible non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is an elevational view, partially in section, of a piston head assembly in an R/C shock absorber during a second compression stroke in accord with one possible non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  a top view of a piston head assembly for an R/C shock absorber in accord with one possible non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a top view of another piston head assembly for an R/C shock absorber in accord with one possible non-limiting embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     The above general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative of the generic invention, and additional modes, advantages, and particulars of this invention will be readily suggested to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     As shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , piston head assembly  100  is disposed within piston cylinder  60  with the piston cylinder operably attached to a spring (not shown) for the suspension system. This type of spring and piston cylinder suspension system is well known in the art. The movement of the shock absorber and spring is dependent on the force encountered by the suspension, and the damping force is selected to best keep the R/C car wheels supported completely on the ground during the suspension travel. The improvements to the piston head of the present invention as described herein act to greatly enhance operation of the suspension system especially when compression occurs within the piston such as when the R/C vehicle lands from heights. The piston head  10  moves within fluid  80  that is in the cylinder as is known in the prior art. 
       FIG. 1  is a partial sectional elevational view of piston head assembly  100  in an R/C shock absorber during a first compression stroke in accord with the present invention. When an R/C car or vehicle lands from a jump that moves the piston very fast so that the chassis would hit the ground, for instance, the suspension reacts as depicted in  FIG. 1  to slow movement of the piston. This is important to prevent the vehicle chassis from contacting the ground, thereby interrupting the intended and desired travel of the vehicle. Piston rod  40  and piston head  10  travel within piston cylinder  60  as indicated by arrow  90  when the car lands from the jump. Piston head  10  has a round shape which engages cylinder wall  82 , preventing fluid flow along the periphery of piston head  10 . 
     In this embodiment, dampening member  20  lies on top of piston  10  and is secured with fastener  30 , washer  32 , and washer  42 . In another embodiment, dampening member  20  may fit within a recess of piston head  10  so as to be flush with the surface of piston head  10 . Washer  32  is sized to cover dampening member  20  while allowing valve members  16  which extend radially outwardly (see also  FIG. 2 ) the flexibility to bend as piston assembly  100  moves. Fastener  30  may comprise various fasteners suitable for connecting with rod  40 , including, but not limited to screws, nuts, and the like. In other embodiments, various alternative fastening arrangements may be utilized to secure piston head  10  to piston rod  40  consistent with the teachings of the present invention. 
     Accordingly, dampening member  20  comprises valve members  16  which extend radially outwards from dampening member body  20  corresponding with variable flow valve holes  14 . In this embodiment, variable flow valve holes  14  are formed within scalloped portions  18  which have a thickness less than the rest of piston or piston head  10 . When piston assembly  100  is moving fast as indicated at arrow  90 , valve members  16  flex as indicated in  FIG. 1  to at least substantially restrict flow through variable valve holes  14 . Valve members  16  are bendable as depicted in  FIG. 1  in response to a fall of an R/C vehicle from no less than six inches. In other embodiments, valve members  16  are responsive to falls from no less than eight inches, ten inches, or eleven inches. 
     In another embodiment, piston  10  may further comprise a plurality of one way holes that only allow fluid travel in one direction (Not shown—see my previous U.S. application Ser. No. 14/631,190, which is incorporated in its entirety herein). In that embodiment, which is readily utilized in conjunction the with present invention, reduced flow always occurs during compression of the piston as compared with greater flow during movement of the opposite way allowing quicker rebound. Dampening member  20  is simply mounted in conjunction with the member of my previous invention. 
     In some embodiments, valve members  16  may flex sufficiently to contact scalloped portions  18  and variable valve holes  14  to restrict more flow, while in other embodiments valve members  16  may bend less but still inhibit flow through valve holes  14  as shown at arrows  73 . Regardless, fluid is still able to flow through variable valve holes  14  during compression because of the decreased thickness of scalloped portions  18  as compared to piston head  10  allowing fluid to surround valve members  16  and pass through valve holes  14  as indicated at arrows  53 ,  43 . In other words, flow through variable flow valve holes  14  is not completely blocked during compression. This is different from my previous invention, which completely blocks compression through some openings in the valve during and allows greater flow during the rebound. Preferably, valve members  16  extend in a symmetrical way from dampening member body  20  so that the forces produced by operation of the one-way valves do not cause tilting of piston head  10  during operation. 
     In a preferred embodiment, dampening member  20  is made of a material that is both sufficiently rigid and resilient to be suitable to be able to withstand the shock and wear of normal operation to prevent disintegration inside piston cylinder  60 . In one possible preferred embodiment, dampening member  20  could be constructed of Delrine®, or non-oriented or spun carbon fiber. However, other resilient, rigid materials could be used consistent with the teachings herein. In a preferred embodiment, the material is selected to allow a range of operation between at least anticipated ambient temperatures. 
       FIG. 2  is another partial sectional elevational view of piston head assembly in a piston assembly  100  during a second compression stroke as indicated at  92  in accord with one embodiment of the present invention. However, in this figure, the piston is moving at a slower rate than in  FIG. 1 . For instance, the R/C car may encounter a bump in the road, wherein the high fluid flow allows the wheels to follow the bump and maintain contact with the road, rather than bounce when encountering the bump. Thus, a variable flow valve is provided that varies the flow through the piston depending on the speed of movement acting on piston  10 . In the slower moving possibility of  FIG. 2 , when piston  10  and piston rod  40  are moving within piston cylinder  60  as indicated by arrow  92 , the valve members  16  do not flex. Fluid flows through variable valve holes  14  just as described herein with regards to  FIG. 1 . Accordingly, in this embodiment dampening member  20  and valve members  16  do not flex to substantially block variable valve holes  14  because piston assembly  100  is not traveling as quickly as in  FIG. 1 . Valve members  16  are configured to bend to a greater degree in response to a greater speed of the compression stroke than a lesser speed of the compression stroke, so that valve members  16  do not flex at all on a relatively flat surface or with smaller bumps while also being responsive to differing racing conditions such as drops from heights when desired. During drops from heights the fluid flow is slowed so that the piston slows but does not bottom out. 
     Because valve members do not bend for relatively small movements, the relative increase in space in a comparison between  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 1  between valve members  16  and scalloped portions  18  increases the fluid flow through variable valve holes  14  as indicated by arrows  23  and  63 . The increased flow of fluid  80  through piston  10  provides for a normal operation for piston head assembly  100  with relatively smaller changes in the track. By providing different responses based on the speed of the compression stroke, piston head assembly  100  better maintains wheel contact with the road or track on the rebound stroke of the shock absorber. 
       FIG. 3  is a top view of piston head assembly  100  for an R/C shock absorber in accord with one possible embodiment of the present invention. The thickness of piston head  10  may typically be equal to or less than the thickness of the stock piston head assemblies provided with the R/C vehicles. Dampening member  20  defines central aperture through which fastener  30  extends for connecting piston head  10  and dampening member  20  to piston rod  40  utilizing washer  32 . Piston head  10  further comprises a plurality of two-way valve holes  12  surrounding the periphery to allow fluid flow in both directions in response to reciprocating movement of piston head  10  within piston cylinder  60 . 
     The number of two-way valve holes  12  depends on the R/C application for which piston head  10  is sought, as different shock absorbers have varying number of valves on the piston head as is known to those of skill in the art. Different users may prefer the use of different numbers of two-way valve holes  12 . In this embodiment, dampening member  20  fits within recess  19  with valve members  16  protruding into scalloped portions  18  partially restricting variable valve holes  14 . In another embodiment, dampening member body  20  may rest on the face of piston head  10  secured by fastener  30 . Scalloped portions  18  form a part of recess  19  and extend to the periphery of piston head  10 . In this embodiment, self-centering ridges  94  are formed on piston head  10  to divert the fluid encountered during suspension travel in a uniform fashion and prevent axial movement of piston head  10  during operation. 
       FIG. 4  is a top view of piston head assembly  100 A for an R/C shock absorber in accord with another possible embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, there are only three valve members  16  for dampening member  20 A. In this embodiment, dampening member body  20 A is secured to piston  10  by tabs  28  which may extend from piston  10  to hold dampening member  20 A in place, effectively forming a recess in which the dampening body resides. Furthermore, scalloped portions  18  may not be utilized so that the tabs hold dampening member  20 A and allow dampening member  20 A to be spaced from piston  10 . The operation is the same with the fluid flow through variable flow valve holes  14  to vary depending on the speed or acceleration or force acting on piston  10  during compression. 
     In a preferred embodiment, piston  10  is comprised of a plastic or hard composite material. In one embodiment, piston  10  has a diameter of less than three eighths inch. In another embodiment, piston  10  may have a diameter greater than one sixteenth inch, but less than one quarter inch. In one embodiment, the thickness of piston  10  is less than one-eighth of an inch. 
     The number of valve members  16  and variable flow valve holes  14  may range from one as to many as desired. Other arrangements for at least one valve member  16  and at least one variable valve holes  14  may be provided. While in this embodiment, a center portion of dampening member  20  is provided with a hole in the center, in another embodiment at least one valve member  16  may be offset from the center of the R/C piston and a center portion of the flexible member does not necessarily have a hole therethrough for connection with fastener  30 . Dampening member  20  or  20 A is preferably mounted on the top as shown (on an opposite side from the piston rod) and preferably is a single flexible member mounted on top of the piston as shown. 
     My previous application Ser. No. 14/631,190, filed Feb. 25, 2015, for piston head assembly for radio controlled shock absorber and method shows one-way valves in the piston head that may be utilized in conjunction with the present invention and is incorporated herein in its entirety. The valve members from my previous invention are not shown in the drawings herein for simplicity. However, the dampening member  20  of the present invention and those of my previous invention are both readily included in the same piston head and in a preferred embodiment both types of valves are utilized for improved operation. 
     As discussed in detail in my previous application, the valves in my previous application prevent flow through some openings in the valve head during compression and allow flow when the piston moves in the opposite way. Accordingly, in my previous application, a valve could effectively have four holes during compression and then eight holes during rebound and may be described in this way as four/ eight hole operation since users understand a piston with either four or eight hole valve openings of a selected size as used in the prior art making operation readily understood. Whereas, in the present invention, the valves act to reduce flow during fast compression but otherwise allow normal operation of the piston. Thus, the valves in my previous application are always operational whereas the valves in my present invention act as described herein to reduce flow during hard compression. The valve elements of the present invention may be mounted with and may be above the valves of my present invention and mounted and secured with fastener  30  and washer  32 . Recesses in the valve head provided by grooves, tabs, or the like, may or may not be utilized to assist in keeping the valve members such as valve member  16  of the present invention and valve members of the previous invention from rotating so as to maintain registration with valve openings. The valve members  16  and valve members of my previous members are spaced apart from each other on the piston. 
     In general overview of the drawings, it will be understood that such terms as “up,” “down,” “vertical,” and the like, are made with reference to the drawings and/or the earth and that the devices may not be arranged in such positions at all times depending on variations in operation, transportation, mounting, and the like. As well, the drawings are intended to describe the concepts of the invention so that the presently preferred embodiments of the invention will be plainly disclosed to one of skill in the art but are not intended to be manufacturing level drawings or renditions of final products and may include highly simplified conceptual views and exaggerated angles, sizes, and the like, as desired for easier and quicker understanding or explanation of the invention. 
     One of skill in the art upon reviewing this specification will understand that the relative size, orientation, angular connection, and shape of the components may be greatly different from that shown to provide illuminating instruction in accord with the novel principals taught herein. As well, connectors, component shapes, and the like, between various housings and the like may be oriented or shaped differently or be of different types as desired. Many additional changes in the details, components, steps, and organization of the system and method, herein described and illustrated to explain the nature of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention. It is therefore understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Technology Classification (CPC): 1