Patent Abstract:
Method ( 300 ) and apparatus for validating application level gateway files or firewall rulsets. The method and apparatus include receiving at a bidirectional communications device, an application level gateway file, and comparing at least one compatibility parameter of said ALG file with features of said bi-directional communications device. In an instance where all of the compatibility parameters compare favorably, the ALG file is stored at the bidirectional communications device.

Full Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]     This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/395,042, filed Jul. 11, 2002, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     FIELD OF INVENTION  
       [0002]     The present invention relates to the field of bi-directional communication devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to upgrading application level gateways and firewall rule sets for bi-directional communication devices.  
       DESCRIPTION OF THE BACKGROUND ART  
       [0003]     Field upgradeable products are becoming more prevalent in the broadband market today. Devices, such as cable modems and other bi-directional communication devices, may have application level gateways (ALGs) and/or firewall rule sets downloaded remotely to them while in a customer&#39;s home or office. Downloading files containing such ALGs and/or firewall rule sets places the device at higher risk for downloading improper file versions, corrupted files, non-authorized files, files that are too large, incompatibility with the device&#39;s hardware and/or software, among others.  
         [0004]     Downloading an incompatible or corrupted ALG file to a cable modem may cause the cable modem to hang up or crash. Once a cable modem hangs up or crashes, the cable modem becomes inoperable and, typically, requires a service call, illustratively from a multiple systems operator (MSO) service representative or the like, to repair the cable modem.  
         [0005]     Therefore, there is a need to validate proper application level gateway files or firewall rule set files being downloaded to a bidirectional communication device such as a cable modem.  
       SUMMARY OF INVENTION  
       [0006]     The disadvantages heretofore associated with the prior art, are overcome by the present invention of an apparatus and method for validating application level gateway (ALG) files or firewall rule sets. The method and apparatus include receiving an ALG file from a service provider, and validating at least one compatibility parameter of the ALG file with features of a bidirectional communications device receiving such ALG file. In an instance where all of the compatibility parameters are validated, the ALG file is stored at the bi-directional communications device. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0007]     The teachings of the present invention can be readily understood by considering the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:  
         [0008]      FIG. 1  depicts a high-level block diagram of a cable communications system over which an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is utilized;  
         [0009]      FIG. 2  depicts a block diagram of an exemplary application level gateway (ALG) file, in accordance with the principles of the present invention; and  
         [0010]      FIG. 3  depicts a flow diagram of a method for validating a upgraded ALG file in accordance with the principles of the present invention; 
     
    
       [0011]     To facilitate understanding of the invention, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures.  
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0012]     The present invention comprises a bi-directional communication device (BCD) operating in a bidirectional communications environment and method for downloading application level gateway (ALG) files or firewall rule sets to a BCD. For purposes of simplicity and better understanding of the invention, the present invention is illustratively discussed in terms of a cable communications distribution system. However, the principles of the present invention are also applicable to other bi-directional communication environments, such as satellite communication systems, ADSL, DSL, Dial-up, wireless systems, or any other bidirectional communication environment capable of providing bi-directional communications (e.g., data, multimedia content, and other information) to a plurality of subscriber devices.  
         [0013]     The bi-directional communication device is, in one embodiment, a CableLabs Certified CableModem™ compliant cable modem that may be used to provide bi-directional communications between a cable television system operator (and Internet service providers (ISPs)) deploying DOCSIS-based products, such as cable modems, and a plurality of subscriber devices, such as personal computers, and the like. CableLabs Certified CableModem™ (previously known as DOCSIS (data over cable service interface specifications) is funded by leading CATV operators who establish specifications that specify modulation schemes and the protocols for exchanging bi-directional signals over cable. The various versions of DOCSIS are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.  
         [0014]      FIG. 1  depicts a block diagram of a cable modem communication system  100  in which an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be utilized. The bi-directional communications system (e.g., cable modem system)  100  comprises a multiple systems operator (MSO, i.e., cable operator)  110  and a plurality of subscriber premise equipment  170 , which are coupled to the service provider  110  via an access network  108 .  
         [0015]     The subscriber premise equipment  170  comprises a plurality of user devices  172   1 , through  172   N  (collectively user devices  172 ) respectively coupled to a plurality of bidirectional communication devices (e.g., cable modems)  130   1  through  130   N  (collectively cable modems  130 ) of which only one cable modem  130  is shown in  FIG. 1 . The user devices  172  may be any type of device capable of processing a digitized stream comprising audio, video, and/or data, such as a personal computer (PC), laptop computer, television set, hand-held device, or any other device capable or transmitting and/or receiving data. Each user device  170  is coupled to the access network  108  via a cable modem  130 , which connects the user device  172  to an IP network  102  (e.g., the Internet) via the local cable television provider (i.e., MSO  110 ).  
         [0016]     It is noted that in  FIG. 1 , a plurality of user devices  172  is illustratively shown as being coupled to a single cable modem  130  via a hub  174 . However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that each user device  172  may alternatively be coupled to a respective cable modem or grouped in any configuration to provide bidirectional communications between the user devices  172  and the MSO  110 .  
         [0017]     The cable modem  130  allows the subscriber to download information from the service provider  110  at speeds much faster than a telephone dial-up modem. For example, a cable modem  130  can provide connectivity at a rate of three or more megabits per second, as compared to 56 kilobits per second for a telephone modem. One type of cable modem illustratively used in the system  100  is a DCM305 model, manufactured by Thomson Inc., of Indianapolis, Ind. It is noted that cable modems (and modem functionality) provided by other manufacturers that are DOCSIS compliant may also be implemented in the system  100  as well.  
         [0018]     The service provider  110  may be any entity capable of providing low, medium and/or high-speed data transmission, multiple voice channels, video channels, and the like. In particular, data is transmitted via radio frequency (RF) carrier signals by the service provider  110  in formats such as the various broadcast formats (e.g., Digital Broadcast Satellite (DBS)), cable transmission systems (e.g., high definition television (HDTV)), digital video broadcasting ((DVB-C) (i.e., European digital cable standard)), and the like. The service provider  110  provides the data over the cable transport network  108 .  
         [0019]     The service provider  110  typically comprises a plurality of head-ends  112  (only one head end shown in  FIG. 1 ), which are deployed in various geographic regions to provide connectivity, services, and support to subscribers located in such regions. For example, one or more head-ends  112  may be located in proximity to a large subscriber base, such as a city (e.g., San Francisco, Calif.). Other head-ends  110  may be provided by the MSO  110  to support other cities or regional areas as required.  
         [0020]     Each head-end  112  comprises at least one termination system (e.g., cable modem termination system (CMTS))  114 , a file server  116 , among other support servers  118 , such as a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server, a trivial file transfer protocol (TFTP) server, an Internet time protocol (ITP) server, web caching servers, MSO or ISP content delivery servers, and the like.  
         [0021]     The file server  116  provides a means by which files such as the downloadable application level gateway (ALG) files or firewall rule sets may be transferred from the MSO  110  to the cable modem  130 . Specifically, the file server  116  is coupled to an ALG database  120 , which stores a plurality of ALG files pertaining to various protocols and devices, such as the cable modems  130 . The file server  116  retrieves a particular ALG file from the ALG file database  120  and sends such file to the bi-directional device  130  as required and discussed below with regard to method  300  of  FIG. 3 .  
         [0022]     The other support servers  118  are used to establish connectivity between the cable modems  130  and the IP network  102  during cable modem initialization. Specifically, the other support servers  118  deliver a configuration file and the current date and time to a cable modem  130  each time it initializes. Further, the other servers  118  such as web caching servers, MSO or ISP content delivery servers and the like provide regionalized worldwide web content, redundant connectivity, and the like. Moreover, the DHCP server centrally-manages and automatically assigns IP addresses to the host devices (i.e., cable modems) coupled to the IP network  102 . For example, when a cable modem  130  is added, replaced, or moved in the system  100 , the DHCP server automatically assigns a new IP address for that cable modem  130 .  
         [0023]     The CMTS  114  exchanges digital signals with cable modems  130  on the cable network  100 . The quantity of CMTSs  114  disposed at each head-end  112  is dependent on the number of subscribers being served in a particular geographic region. A single CMTS  114  typically provides connectivity for up to about 8000 cable modems  130 . In instances where a geographic region has more than 8000 subscribers, the head-end  112  is provided with additional CMTSs  114 , as required.  
         [0024]     A data service (e.g., multimedia content) and ALG upgrade files are delivered to the cable modem  130  through an RF path (i.e., channels) over the Access Network  108  via a transmission medium (e.g., a conventional bidirectional hybrid fiber-coax (HFC) cable network, such as specified under the North American or European DOCSIS standards), coupled to the cable modem  130 . It is noted that the cable modem  130  may be installed externally or internally to a subscribers computer or television set  172 , and is connected by a Local Area Networking medium supported by the cable modem  130  and computer or television set (e.g. Ethernet, Universal Serial Bus (USB), 802.11b wireless, Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (HPNA)).  
         [0025]     One channel is used for downstream signals from the CMTS  114  to the cable modem  130 , while another channel is used for upstream signals from the cable modem  130  to the CMTS  114 . When a CMTS  114  receives upstream signals from a cable modem  130 , the CMTS  114  processes these signals into Internet Protocol (IP) packets, which are routed over the IP network  102  to a particular destination (e.g., a server having a desired content or a web site). When a CMTS  114  sends downstream signals to a cable modem  130 , the CMTS  114  modulates the downstream signals for transmission across the access network  108  to the cable modem  130 . The cable modem  130  converts the modulated signal to a baseband signal for processing by the user device  172 .  
         [0026]     The exemplary cable modem  130  is utilized to provide downstream broadband data signals from the service provider  1   10  to the user device  172  of a data communications system  100 . Additionally, the exemplary cable modem  130  is utilized to transfer upstream baseband data signals from the illustrative user device  172  back to the service provider  110 .  
         [0027]     The cable modem  130  comprises a processor  132 , support circuits  134 ,  1 / 0  circuits  142 , storage devices such as an EEPROM  138  and FLASH memory  140 , as well as volatile memory  136 . The processor  132  may be a cable modem processor, such as a single chip BCM3345 device manufactured by Broadcom Inc., of Irvine, Calif., which includes a modulator and demodulator (not shown).  
         [0028]     The EEPROM and FLASH memories  138  and  140  are non-volatile memory devices used to permanently store application program files, data files, and other program code that may be executed, illustratively, by the processor  132 . For example, a firewall, a plurality of application level gateway files, and a routine for validating the application level gateway files may all be permanently stored in the EEPROM  138  and/or FLASH  140  memories.  
         [0029]     The volatile memory  136  may be random access memory (RAM), which is used during operation to store all or portions of the programs stored in the non-volatile memory  138  and  140  for quick retrieval and execution. As shown in  FIG. 1 , a firewall program  150 , a plurality of application level gateway files  152  (e.g., files ALG- 0  through ALG-m, and routine  300 , which is used for validating upgrades for the application level gateway files  152  (as discussed below in further detail with regard to  FIG. 3 ), is depicted being stored in the volatile memory  136 . Other programs that may be stored in memory  136  typically include process stacks, heap, transient data such as ALGs and firewall rule sets under discrimination, executing applications copied from Flash, startup constant data, a kernel and application code, and other data (not shown).  
         [0030]     The processor  132  cooperates with conventional support circuitry  134  such as power supplies, clock circuits, cache memory and the like as well as circuits that assist in executing the software routines stored in the memory  136 . As such, it is contemplated that some of the process steps discussed herein as software processes may be implemented within hardware, for example as circuitry that cooperates with the processor  132  to perform various steps. The cable modem  130  also comprises input/output (I/O) circuitry  142  that forms an interface with the various functional elements communicating with the user devices  172 . The physical layers between the cable modem  130  and user devices  172  may illustratively include Ethernet, coaxial cables, FDDI, ISDN, ATM, ADSL, CAT  1 - 5  cabling, USB, HomePNA, wireless data links (e.g., 802.11 or Bluetooth standard wireless links), a power line carrier, among others.  
         [0031]     Furthermore, the cable modem  130  comprises signal processing circuitry  144 , which further comprises downstream processing circuitry  146  and upstream processing circuitry  148 . The signal processing circuitry  144  is coupled to the processor  132  and an interface  143 , which is coupled to the access network  108 .  
         [0032]     In operation, the CMTS  114  converts digital data to a modulated RF signal and provides such modulated signals downstream, via the HFC transport (access) network  108  to the cable modem  130 , where the RF signals are received, tuned, and filtered to a predetermined intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The IF signal is then demodulated into one or more respective baseband signals, and otherwise processed into, illustratively, data packets. The data packets are further transmitted, illustratively, through cabling (e.g., Ethernet, universal serial bus (USB), coaxial cable, and the like)  175  to the user device  172 .  
         [0033]     Similarly, a user of the user device  172  may send data signals to the cable modem  130  via the cabling  175 . The cable modem  130  receives data signals from the user device  172 , and then modulates and upconverts the data signals onto a RF carrier for upstream transmission back to the service provider  110 , via the cable transport network  108 .  
         [0034]     The downstream processing circuitry  146  typically includes various components, such as a tuner, filters, demodulator, a controller, and other downstream processing circuitry, such as a medium access controller (MAC), which is also used for upstream processing. Typically, the downstream signals are either 64 QAM or 256 QAM signals having a frequency range of approximately 91 MHz to 860 MHz. The downstream processing circuitry  146  selectively tunes, demodulates, and otherwise “receives” at least one of a plurality of downstream data signals from the CMTS  114  in response to a selection signal provided by the controller. A high-pass filter (HPF) passes all downstream data signals to the tuner, which downconverts the received downstream RF signals from the HPF to a predetermined IF frequency signal. The IF signals are demodulated by the demodulator circuitry to provide one or more respective digital baseband signals. The digital baseband signals are sent to the medium access controller (MAC), where the received signals (e.g., MPEG packets) are de-encapsulated and formed into a bitstream for subsequent transport to the user device  172 , as managed by the controller.  
         [0035]     Prior to transport to the user device  172 , the packets are sent either to an internal TCP/IP stack or to the firewall program  150  for examination, as discussed In further detail below. Once the packets are deemed to comply with the firewall program rules, the MAC, controller, and other digital circuitry may further process the packetized data (e.g., attach or encapsulate in appropriate transport packets as required) and then distribute the processed, packetized data to the user device  172  (or other information appliance). In particular, the MAC sends the packetized bitstream to the controller, where the data is processed (e.g., formatted) for interface with the user device  172 . The controller transfers the formatted packetized bit stream (via cabling) to the user device  172  for further processing (e.g., extraction and upconversion of the data).  
         [0036]     The upstream processing circuitry  148  typically includes various components such as, the upstream physical layer elements, an upstream medium access controller, a modulator, a low-pass filter, and other upstream processing circuitry (amplifiers, voltage regulators, and the like). The cable modem  130  receives signals (e.g., data signals) from the user device  172  for subsequent transmission to the service provider  110 . In particular, a user sends data, data requests, or some other user request to the service provider  110  via the cable modem  130 . The cable modem  130  receives the user requests, where the MAC and upstream processing circuitry format, encapsulate, and upconvert the signals (e.g., 5 MHz to 54 MHz frequency range) for transport. The modulator modulates (e.g., QPSK or 16 QAM) the upconverted signals along the upstream signal path to the CMTS  114 .  
         [0037]     The firewall program  150  is capable of examining and filtering data packets (e.g., IP data packets) sent from an originating source node (e.g., file server on a WAN) to a destination node (e.g., local computer on a LAN). In particular, the firewall program  150  comprises a set of related programs that protect the resources of a private network from users from other networks. The firewall program  150  examines some or all of the network packets to determine whether to forward the packets to its destination. That is, the firewall program  150  operates at the network level. Data is only allowed to pass through the communications device  130  containing the firewall program  150  if the packet configuration does not violate specified rules.  
         [0038]     The firewall program rules are established, for example, by an administrator of a LAN (default rules may also be used), for example, at the service provider  110 . The rules reflect policy considerations by an organization to provide security by prohibiting unwanted data from entering the organizations local area network/wide area network (LAN/WAN). For example, an organization may decide that particular Internet web sites should not be viewed by the organization&#39;s employees, or that some employees should be denied any Internet access. In one embodiment, the firewall rules are defined in application level gateway files such as the exemplary ALG file shown in  FIG. 2 . As such, the rules include programming to restrict some or all hypertext transfer protocols (HTTP). Additional rules include restricting data packets that may be deemed harmful to the LAN and end-users, such as worms, as well as unauthorized persons (i.e., “hackers”) trying to infiltrate the LAN.  
         [0039]     The ALG files are stored in a database  120  coupled to the TCP/IP file server  116 , which are located at the service provider  110 . When a system administrator updates the ALG files, the cable modems  130  will also require a file upgrade. In one embodiment, the ALG files may be provided to the cable modems  130  by a user requesting a download over the access network  108 . In a second embodiment, the firewall  150  may periodically poll the ALG database to identify upgraded files at the service provider  110 . Alternatively, the MSO  110  may command the cable modem  130  to obtain new firewall rule set or ALG data via a protocol such as Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Once an upgraded ALG file is identified, the service provider  110  automatically retrieve the upgraded files and sends them to the cable modems  130 . In a third embodiment, the upgraded ALG files may be stored on a non-volatile storage device, such as a CD-ROM, disk drive, floppy drive, and the like, in which the user may upload the new and/or upgraded ALG files to their cable modem  130  via their user device  172 .  
         [0040]      FIG. 2  depicts a block diagram of an exemplary application level gateway (ALG) file  200  of the present invention. The ALG file  200  comprises an ALG body  202  (payload) and a header  210 . The ALG file  200  comprises executable code that the firewall program  150  executes in order to determine how to handle a particular protocol. That is, the ALG body  202  contains programming code that is protocol specific. For example, one ALG file  200  may comprise code to allow the passage of information utilizing an http protocol, while a second ALG file  200  contains executable programming code specific for blocking data utilizing FTP (file transfer protocol). Other ALG files  200  may be utilized to control traffic flow for other types of protocols, such as TFTP, SNMP, RLOGIN, and the like.  
         [0041]     The ALG header  210  comprises header data fields such as header format version  216 , header size  218 , expected header CRC  220 , payload authentication signature  222 , payload size  224 , expected payload CRC  226 , compatible hardware and software version families  228  and  230 , and other header data  212  such as compression parameters, copyright notices, and/or the date/time the payload was created, among other information. In one embodiment of the invention, many of these ALG header  210  components may be utilized as ALG file validity fields  214 , which are used by the cable modem  130  to determine whether an upgraded or new ALG file  200  received by the cable modem  130  has been corrupted during file transfer, as well as compatible with the cable modem hardware and software. Although  FIG. 2  is discussed in terms of an ALG file  200 , the inventive ALG file should not be considered as limiting. For example, a similar header  210  may be appended to a file comprising firewall rules.  
         [0042]     In particular, the validity fields  214  comprise a header format version field  216 , a header size  218 , a header expected CRC (cyclic redundancy check)  220 , an ALG authentication signature  222 , an ALG body size field  224 , an ALG body expected CRC  226 , a compatible hardware version family field  228 , and a compatible software version family field  230 . Each validity field  214  is checked by the cable modem  130  using method  300 , as discussed below with regard to  FIG. 3 .  
         [0043]     The header format version field  216  provides information regarding the order and length of the fields of the data in the header  210 . Specifically, the header format version field  216  comprises a predefined number that corresponds to a known format. This predefined number will typically start at one (1) and increment each time a field is added, a length is changed or fields are rearranged in the header. The header format version field  216  prevents a misinterpretation by software that is unfamiliar with a new format. In one embodiment, the header format version field  216  may be 1 byte to 4 bytes in length, and in one specific embodiment is 2 bytes In length. The header size field  218  identifies the size of the header  214 . In one embodiment, the header size field  218  may be 1 byte to 4 bytes in length, and in one specific subset of that embodiment is 2 bytes in length. The header expected CRC field  220  identifies a 16 or 32 bit polynomial that is appended to the header  210  and used for detecting errors (loss data) in the header  210 .  
         [0044]     The ALG authentication signature field  222  provides information regarding cryptographic authentication that a source (e.g., company, 3rd party entity, and the like) that generated a trusted firewall rule set or ALG. In one embodiment, the ALG authentication signature field  222  may be 1 byte to 1024 bytes in length, and in one specific subset of that embodiment is 128 bytes in length. The ALG body size field  224  identifies the size of the ALG body  202 . In one embodiment, the ALG body size field  224  may be 1 byte to 4 bytes in length, and in one specific subset of that embodiment is 4 bytes In length. It is noted that the ALG body size field  224  refers to the length of the size field in the header. The actual ALG or rule set data files are typical in the order of a few thousand bytes. The ALG body expected CRC field  220  identifies a 16 or 32 bit polynomial that is appended to the header  210  and used for detecting errors (loss data) in the ALG body  202 .  
         [0045]     The compatible hardware version field  228  provides information regarding the set of hardware version(s) on which this file will execute (ALG) or operate (rule set) with no expected problems. In one embodiment, the compatible hardware version field  228  may be 1 byte to 8 bytes in length, and in one specific subset of that embodiment is 4 bytes in length. The compatible software version field  230  provides information regarding the set of application software version(s) on which this file will execute (ALG) or operate (rule set) with no expected problems. In one embodiment, the compatible software version field  230  may be 1 byte to 8 bytes in length, and in one specific subset of that embodiment is 4 bytes in length. It is noted that the illustrative sizes of each of the above mentioned fields should not be considered as limiting, and the fields may be any length suitable to provide the required information in an efficient manner (e.g., bandwidth considerations). It is further noted that the same type of header may be added to a firewall rule set to apply the same discrimination algorithm.  
         [0046]      FIG. 3  depicts a flow diagram of a method  300  for validating a new or upgraded ALG file  200  (or firewall rule set) in accordance with the principles of the present invention. Method  300  may be utilized when a new or upgraded ALG file  200  is stored in memory of the cable modem  130  for execution by the firewall  150  therein. Method  300  comprises checking various parameters for compatibility issues and loss of data during file transfer. It is noted that the types of parameters and the specific order shown in  FIG. 3  for validating the various parameters are merely illustrative, and should not be construed as being so limiting.  
         [0047]     In particular, method  300  starts at step  302 , and proceeds to step  304 , where an ALG file  200  is sent to the cable modem  130  and buffered in the volatile memory  136 . In one embodiment, the firewall  150  periodically polls a central location (i.e., the ALG database  120 ) at the service provider  110  for new or upgraded ALG files  200 . The new or upgraded ALG files  200  are then downloaded from the TCP/IP file server  116  at the head end  112  via the access network, as required.  
         [0048]     In a second embodiment, a configuration file is downloaded to the cable modem  130  from the service provider  110 . The configuration file provides bi-directional network policy information used to establish a managed connection. The cable modem application (e.g., firewall  150 ) checks the configuration file and determines whether to download the ALG file  200 . If the firewall  150  executing this discrimination algorithm determines the ALG file  200  is appropriate for the cable modem  130 , then the firewall  150  sends a request to the file server  116  to send the ALG file  200 . The file server  116  then downloads the ALG file to the cable modem  130  via the access network  108 .  
         [0049]     In a third embodiment, the ALG files  200  may be loaded into the cable modem  130  by a user on their user device  172 . In this instance, the ALG file  200  is stored on a non-volatile medium, such as a floppy disk, CD-ROM, disk drive, and the like. As such, step  304  of method  300  encompasses any the three embodiments described above. The method  300  then proceeds to step  306 .  
         [0050]     At step  306 , the header format version field  216  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  is checked. If at step  308 , the header format version is not known, then the method  300  proceeds to step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected. That is, the ALG file  200  is not stored in the non-volatile memory  138  and/or  140  or used by the firewall  150 , and at step  399 , the method  300  ends. If, at step  308 , the header format version is known; then the method  300  proceeds to step  310 .  
         [0051]     At step  310 , the ALG header size field  216  and ALG body size field  224  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  are checked. If at step  312 , the ALG file  200  exceeds the capacity of the non-volatile memory  136 , then method  300  proceeds to step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected as discussed above. If at step  312 , the ALG file  200  does not exceed the capacity of the non-volatile memory  136 , then method  300  proceeds to step  314 .  
         [0052]     At step  314 , the expected header CRC field  220  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  is checked. At step  316 , the CRC for the header  210  is calculated such that the cable modem  130  applies the same polynomial to the data (header  210 ) and compares the result with the CRC result appended by the service provider  110 . If, at step  318 , the calculated CRC and the appended header CRC do not match, then method  300  proceeds to step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected as discussed above. If, at step  318 , the calculated CRC and the appended header CRC match, then method  300  proceeds to step  320 .  
         [0053]     At step  320 , the expected body CRC field  226  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  is checked. At step  316 , the CRC for the ALG body  202  is calculated such that the cable modem  130  applies the same polynomial to the data (ALG body  202 ) and compares the result with the CRC result appended by the service provider  110 . If, at step  324 , the calculated CRC and the appended body CRC do not match, then method  300  proceeds to step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected as discussed above. If, at step  324 , the calculated CRC and the appended body CRC match, then method  300  proceeds to step  326 .  
         [0054]     At step  326 , the ALG authentication signature field  222  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  is checked. At step  328 , an authentication operation is performed on the signature. For example, authentication may be provided by Rivest Shamir Adelman (RSA) signature algorithm with Secure Hash Algorithm-1 (SHA-1), or other conventional authenticating techniques as is known in the art. If at step  330 , the ALG file  200  is not from an authenticated source, then method  300  proceeds to step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected as discussed above. If at step  330 , the ALG file  200  is from an authenticated source, then method  300  proceeds to step  332 .  
         [0055]     At step  332 , the hardware version family field  228  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  is checked. If at step  334 , the ALG file  200  is not compatible with the hardware version of the cable modem  130 , then method  300  proceeds to step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected as discussed above. If at step  334 , the ALG file  200  is compatible with the hardware version of the cable modem  130 , then method  300  proceeds to step  336 .  
         [0056]     At step  336 , the software version family field  230  in the header  210  of the received ALG file  200  is checked. If at step  338 , the ALG file  200  is not compatible with the software version of the cable modem  130 , then method  300  proceeds to~step  350 , where the ALG file  200  is rejected as discussed above. If at step  338 , the ALG file  200  is compatible with the software version of the cable modem  130 , then method  300  proceeds to step  340 .  
         [0057]     Once the ALG file  200  has been checked for compatibility issues and corrupted data, at step  340 , the ALG file  200  is loaded into the non-volatile memory  136  of the cable modem  130 , and at step  399 , the method  300  ends. Method  300  provides a routine to validate the compatibility of an ALG file  200  or firewall rule set while receiving the ALG file  200  or rule set, and prior to using such received file or rule set. If the validation algorithm indicates the ALG file or firewall rule set is not compatible with the hardware or software of the cable modem  130 , then the received file or rule set may be safely rejected. As such, the risk of inducing a non-recoverable error condition by implementing a non-compatible ALG file  200  or rule set is substantially reduced.  
         [0058]     Although various embodiments that incorporate the teachings of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, those skilled in the art may readily devise many other varied embodiments that still incorporate these teachings.

Technology Classification (CPC): 7