Patent Abstract:
This invention provides a technique which allows more faithful color reproduction by a relative simple arrangement. To this end, according to this invention, by time-divisionally driving R, G, B, and E LEDs respectively having dominant emission wavelengths of 630 nm, 525 nm, 470 nm, and 500 nm, a common monochrome line image sensor ( 102 ) scans a document image. Scanned image data of respective color components undergo correction equivalent to that attained by shifting the barycentric positions of respective wavelength distributions so as to become closer to the CIE-RGB sensitivity distributions.

Full Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     The present invention relates to a technique for scanning a document image, and outputting it as a digital image signal.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     Normally, an image scanning device represented by a color image scanner and the like has light sources (e.g., LEDs) with emission wavelength characteristics of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and scans information from a document using a common monochrome line image sensor while switching the ON/OFF states of them, and obtains two-dimensional image information while moving the monochrome line image sensor or document in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of detection elements of the monochrome line image sensor (normally called a sub-scan direction) (e.g., Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-315931).  
         [0003]     The luminous spectrum characteristics of the LEDs of respective colors as R, G, and B light sources used in the image scanning device are approximately as shown in  FIG. 3 .  
         [0004]     On the other hand, the luminousity characteristics of human eyes have spectral sensitivity characteristics different from the emission wavelength characteristics of the LEDs, as shown in the CIE-RGB calorimetric system color matching functions shown in  FIG. 4 .  
         [0005]     In order to compensate for these differences, the scanned image data undergoes color correction processes to improve color reproducibility of the scanned image. However, high color reproducibility has not been obtained yet.  
         [0006]     Especially, an image scanning device using only R, G, and B light-emitting members cannot express a negative stimulus value of a red component which appears near a wavelength of 500 nm in the CIE-RGB colorimetric system color matching functions. Hence, the color reproducibility of an emerald system is prone to be poor.  
         [0007]     In order to express a color that cannot be expressed by the scanning means using only R, G, and B primary colors, a method of extracting a color different from R, G, and B is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-284084). This method is applied to a two-dimensional image sensor adopted in a digital camera, and detects one pixel by a plurality of types of extraction units which are limited to the wavelength ranges of R, G, and B and emerald color in place of switching light source colors so as to obtain color information from an object.  
         [0008]     However, according to the technique of this reference, since data for one pixel is extracted by extraction units of independent colors, the light-receiving area of each extraction unit becomes too small to obtain a sufficient light-receiving amount. This imposes an influence on the S/N ratio. In addition, higher cost is required to manufacture such image sensing element, and it is difficult to apply this method to the image scanning device.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0009]     The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a technique which can achieve more faithful color reproduction by a relative simple arrangement.  
         [0010]     In order to solve the above problems, an image scanning device of the present invention comprises the following arrangement.  
         [0011]     That is, there is provided an image scanning device comprising: 
        an illumination unit for illuminating a document while selectively turning on visible light beams of at least four colors in turn;     an image scanning unit for scanning the document image illuminated by the illumination unit and outputting image data of respective colors;     a moving unit for relatively moving the document image and the image scanning unit; and     a control unit for, when the image scanning unit executes scan processes of the document image for respective colors while performing relative movement by the moving unit, controlling not to successively execute the scan process of a first color having highest spectral luminous efficacy among the visible light beams of at least four colors and the scan process of a second color having second highest spectral luminous efficacy.        
 
         [0016]     Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts throughout the figures thereof. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0017]     The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.  
         [0018]      FIG. 1  is a schematic sectional view of an image scanning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0019]      FIG. 2  is a flowchart showing the processing sequence of the image scanning device according to the embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0020]      FIG. 3  shows the luminous spectrum characteristics of R, G, and B LEDs;  
         [0021]      FIG. 4  shows the CIE-RGB colorimetric system color matching functions;  
         [0022]      FIG. 5  is a block diagram showing principal part of an image processing circuit shown in  FIG. 2 ;  
         [0023]      FIG. 6  shows the luminous spectrum characteristics after correction of the first embodiment;  
         [0024]      FIG. 7  is a block diagram of an image scanning device of the first embodiment;  
         [0025]      FIG. 8  is a timing chart upon scanning of the image scanning device of the first embodiment;  
         [0026]      FIGS. 9A and 9B  are flowcharts showing the setting processing sequence of ON time data and shading correction data of the first embodiment;  
         [0027]      FIG. 10  shows the luminous spectrum characteristics after correction of the second embodiment;  
         [0028]      FIG. 11  is a schematic sectional view of a device which scans a transmitting document and is to be applied to the second embodiment;  
         [0029]      FIG. 12  shows the luminous spectrum characteristics of R, G, B, and E LEDs in the second embodiment;  
         [0030]      FIG. 13  is a functional block diagram of a scanner driver which runs on a host computer in a modification of the second embodiment;  
         [0031]      FIG. 14  shows color difference characteristics of 3- and 4-color scan modes;  
         [0032]      FIG. 15  is a flowchart showing the processing contents of the scanner driver in the modification of the second embodiment; and  
         [0033]      FIGS. 16A and 16B  respectively show a case wherein E and G components are successively scanned, and a case wherein E and G components are scanned every other colors. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0034]     Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that LEDs as R, G, and B light sources in embodiments respectively have dominant emission wavelengths of 630 nm (R LED), 525 nm (G LED), and 470 nm (B LED). These characteristics are not special but general LED characteristics.  
         [0035]     In the arrangement using such R, G, and B LEDs, some colors are difficult to express. Especially, the CIE-RGB colorimetric system color matching functions include a negative stimulus value of a red component which appears near a wavelength of 500 nm, as shown in  FIG. 4 , and it is difficult to express this color by three colors, i.e., R, G, and B. Hence, this embodiment will exemplify a case wherein an emerald LED which has a dominant emission wavelength near 500 nm is arranged. The luminous spectrum characteristics of the four-color LEDs (R, G, B, and E) in this embodiment are as shown in  FIG. 12 .  
       First Embodiment  
       [0036]      FIG. 1  is a schematic sectional view of a document scanning device (image scanner) of this embodiment.  
         [0037]     Referring to  FIG. 1 , reference numeral  101  denotes a contact image sensor unit (to be abbreviated as CIS hereinafter). Reference numeral  104  denotes an optical waveguide light source in which a red LED (R-LED), green LED (G-LED), blue LED (B-LED), and an emerald LED (emerald color will be referred to as E color hereinafter, and the emerald LED will be referred to as E-LED hereinafter) are arranged at the end portion of the waveguide which is elongated in a direction perpendicular to the plane of page (main scan direction), and which guides light emitted by each LED in the main scan direction by internal reflection to linearly irradiate a document  106  to be scanned on a document table glass (platen glass)  105  with that light.  
         [0038]     Light reflected by the document surface is received by a monochrome image sensor  102  via a lens array  103 . Light-receiving elements of the monochrome image sensor line up in the main scan direction. In the optical waveguide light source  104 , the R-LED is driven to emit light, and that light is received by the monochrome image sensor  102 , thus scanning R component data for one line. Then, the G, B, and E LEDs are time-divisionally driven to emit light, thus scanning G, B, and E data for one line. The same process is repeated by moving the CIS  101  along a guide (not shown) in the sub-scan direction at a constant speed by the reciprocal number of the scan resolution in the sub-scan direction in synchronism with the time (line scan time) required to scan four colors, thereby obtaining two-dimensional image data.  
         [0039]     Reference numeral  107  denotes an electronic circuit board which is arranged in the image scanning device, and mounts circuits to be described later. The circuit board  107  is electrically connected to the CIS  101  via a flexible cable  108 .  
         [0040]      FIG. 7  is a block diagram when viewed from the electrical system of the image scanning device of this embodiment. The same reference numerals in  FIG. 7  denote the same parts as in  FIG. 1 .  
         [0041]     Referring to  FIG. 7 , reference numeral  200  denotes a controller for controlling the overall device. The controller  200  also makes control that pertains to communications with an external host computer  300 .  
         [0042]     An analog electrical signal photoelectrically converted by the CIS  101  is converted into a digital electrical signal by an AFE circuit  201  including a sample/hold circuit such as CDS (correlative double sampling circuit) and the like after it undergoes gain adjustment and DC offset adjustment. A shading correction circuit  202  corrects the light distribution characteristics of an optical system. That is, the shading correction circuit  202  stores, as shading correction data, reference level data which is generated by scanning light reflected by a white reference plate (not shown) arranged outside the scan document range by the CIS  101 , and performs shading correction of image data generated by scanning the document to be scanned on the basis of this correction data. Note that the shading correction data may be output to and saved by the host computer  300  as an external apparatus, and data required for scan may be downloaded from the host computer  300  to the image scanning device upon executing processes.  
         [0043]     An image processing circuit  203  performs predetermined processes of image data such as a gamma conversion process, a packing process according to an image scan mode (binary, 24-bit multi-valued, and the like) which is set in advance by the host computer  300 , and the like. When “binary” is set as the scan mode, a document image is scanned by driving only the G-LED, and the image processing circuit  203  binarizes and outputs the scanned data. When “32-bit multi-valued” is designated, four R, G, B, and E LEDs are sequentially driven to perform image processes (to be described later) for respective lines, i.e., in the order of 1-line data of an R component, 1-line data of a G component, 1-line data of a B component, and 1-line data of an E component to have a pixel of each of R, G, B, and E components as 8-bit data, and the processed data is output to the host computer  300 .  
         [0044]     An interface circuit  250  exchanges control signals and outputs an image signal with the host computer  300  such as a personal computer or the like. In this embodiment, the interface circuit  250  comprises a USB interface circuit. However, a SCSI interface circuit may be used. That is, the present invention is not limited in terms of the types of interfaces.  
         [0045]     An LED driver  204  outputs drive signals of the four, i.e., R, G, B, and E LEDs included in the optical waveguide  104  in the CIS  101  under the control of the controller  200 . A motor driver  205  generates a drive signal to a motor  206  which moves the CIS in the sub-scan direction.  
         [0046]     Reference numeral  207  also denotes an LED driver which is used to turn on a transmitting document illumination unit  210  (including a light source) which is connected via an interface  208  to scan a transmitting document such as a positive/negative film or the like.  
         [0047]     The process of the image scanning device of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the flowchart of  FIG. 2 . Note that a program associated with  FIG. 2  is stored in a ROM (not shown) in the controller  200 .  
         [0048]     Upon completion of initialization after power ON, the control waits for the scan mode designated by the host computer  300  as an external apparatus (strictly speaking, a scanner driver which is running on the host computer  300 ). The scan mode includes a binary mode (scan mode by only the G-LED), a 24-bit multi-valued mode (scan mode using three, i.e., R, G, and B LEDs), and a 32-bit multi-valued mode (scan mode using four, i.e., R, G, B, and E LEDs). Upon reception of a designation command of one of these modes, setups are made accordingly (step S 801 ).  
         [0049]     In step S 802 , the control waits for reception of a pre-scan start instruction. Upon reception of a pre-scan start instruction request from the host computer  300 , the control inquires the host computer  300  as to whether or not it holds LED ON time data and shading correction data, and checks based on its response if the host computer  300  stores these pieces of information. As a result, if the host computer  300  stores the LED ON time data and shading correction data, the control requires the host computer  300  of the LED ON time data and shading correction data, and downloads them to this image scanning device to make various setups in step S 804 .  
         [0050]     On the other hand, if it is determined in step S 803  that the host computer  300  does not store any LED ON time data and shading correction data, the flow advances to step S 805  to generate LED ON time data and shading correction data.  FIG. 8  is a timing chart of the generation process of the LED ON time data and shading correction data in step S 805 , and  FIGS. 9A and 9B  shows the processing sequence of that process. The generation process will be described below with reference to these figures. Note that a case will be explained below wherein “32-bit multi-valued” is designated as the scan mode.  
         [0051]     In step S 1001 , the output signal from the monochrome image sensor  102  is read as black shading correction data while all the LEDs are OFF, and is set in the external apparatus (host computer)  300 . With this setup, offsets, variations, and the like for respective pixels due to the monochrome image sensor  102  can be corrected.  
         [0052]     Next, the LED ON times of respective colors are determined.  
         [0053]     In step S 1002 , only the R-LED is turned on for predetermined ON time T0 within which the scan signal level from the monochrome image sensor  102  does not exceed a reference level set in the AFE circuit  201 , and light reflected by the white reference plate is scanned by the monochrome image sensor  102 .  
         [0054]     It is checked in step S 1003  if the scanned signal level has reached the reference level. As a result, the scanned signal level has not reached the reference level, the flow advances to step S 1004  to increment an R-LED ON time by a predetermined value ΔT, and light reflected by the white reference plate is scanned again. In this way, the ON time is gradually increased, and if it is determined that the reference level has been reached, the LED ON time at that time is set as an ON time upon scanning an image for one line of the R-LED.  
         [0055]     The ON times of the remaining G-, B-, and E-LEDs are determined by substantially the same processes. That is, steps S 1006  to S 1009  are processes for determining the ON time of the G-LED, steps S 1010  to S 1013  are processes for determining the ON time of the B-LED, and steps S 1014  to S 1017  are processes for determining the ON time of the E-LED.  
         [0056]     After the ON times of the LEDs of all the color components are determined, the flow advances to step S 1018  to scan light reflected by the white reference plate for the LED ON times determined in correspondence with R, G, B, and E, and white shading correction data is output to and is stored and held by the host computer  300 .  
         [0057]     The processes executed when the scan mode is the “32-bit multi-valued” mode have been explained. In the “24-bit multi-valued” mode, the processes in steps S 1014  to S 1017  are skipped since they are not required. In the “binary” mode, the processes in steps S 1002  to S 1005  and S 1010  to S 1017  are skipped since only the G-LED is turned on and these processes are not required.  
         [0058]     Step S 805  in  FIG. 2  has been explained. Upon completion of the setups of the LED ON time data and shading correction data, the flow advances to step S 806 .  
         [0059]     In step S 806 , a pre-scan is executed. The pre-scan is a preliminary scan operation, and scans a document image at a resolution lower than a final scan (main scan) so as to inform the user of an overview of the scanned image to some extent. Hence, the scan speed in the pre-scan (the moving direction of the CIS  101  in the sub-scan direction) is higher than that in the main scan.  
         [0060]     This scan process will be explained below with reference to the timing chart in  FIG. 8 .  
         [0061]     The R-LED is turned on while moving the CIS  101  in the sub-scan direction, and the monochrome image sensor  102  scans a document to be scanned only for one line. That is, red light reflected by the document to be scanned is accumulated on the monochrome image sensor  102 . Upon completion of the accumulation time for one line, the G-LED is turned on in turn. During this period, the scan signal for one line in the main scan direction of the R component accumulated so far is output from the monochrome image sensor  102  as an output signal, which is output to the host computer  300  via respective circuits. Likewise, the B-LED is turned on, and G data is output during the B accumulation time. After that, the E-LED is turned on, and B data is output during the E accumulation time. Upon completion of the ON time of the E-LED, the CIS  101  has moved by a width for one line in the sub-scan direction from the ON start position of the R-LED. The R-LED is turned on to scan the next line. The E component data for the current line is output during the ON time (accumulation time) of the R-LED for the next line.  
         [0062]     As a result, in the scan process in the scan mode (32-bit multi-valued mode) using the four, i.e., R, G, B, and E LEDs, when the CIS  101  is located at a given position, R, G, B, and E data are output to the host computer  300  for one line. In the binary scan mode, every time a G component for one line is scanned, the CIS  101  is moved by a 1-line width in the sub-scan direction.  
         [0063]     The aforementioned processes are executed until it is determined in step S 807  that scans for designated lines are complete. As a result, the user can confirm an overview of a pre-scanned document image on the host computer  300 .  
         [0064]     It is then checked in step S 808  if a main scan request command is received. Upon reception of this request command, a scan process for one line is executed in step S 809 , and this process is repeated until it is determined in step S 810  that the scan processes for designated lines are complete. The differences between the main scan and pre-scan are as follows. That is, the main scan scans according to the scan resolution set by the user, while the pre-scan scans by decreasing the number of data per line compared to the main scan by decimating appropriate pixel signals output from the monochrome image sensor  102 . Also, the main scan narrows down the 1-line width of movement of the CIS  101  in the sub-scan direction than that in the pre-scan. In other words, the main scan scans at a higher resolution, while the pre-scan scans at a relatively lower resolution since an overview of an image need only be recognized.  
         [0065]     The image scanning device of this embodiment has been explained. The processes in the image processing circuit  203  in this embodiment will be explained below.  
         [0066]      FIG. 5  is a block diagram showing principal part of the image processing circuit  203  in this embodiment.  
         [0067]     A color correction processor  801  multiplies raw image data scanned by the image scanning device of this embodiment by color correction processing coefficients according to the selected scan mode (to be described in detail later). A tone adjustment processor  802  adjusts lightness. An effect processor  803  applies effect processes for improving image quality such as an edge emphasis process, noise reduction process, and the like, and outputs a final image.  
         [0068]     The color correction processor  801  will be described in more detail below.  
         [0069]     The pre-scan or main scan instruction request and the scan mode designation are received from the host computer, as has been described above. This scan mode is also set in the color correction processor  801 . This is to attain matching between the sender side (image scanning device) of image data and the receiver side (scanner driver).  
         [0070]     If the scan mode is the binary mode, since one pixel is expressed by 1 pixel, the tone adjustment processor  802  and effect processor  803  do not execute any processes, and image data is directly output.  
         [0071]     On the other hand, if the 24-bit multi-valued mode is set as the scan mode, the color correction processor  801  executes the following processes. In the following description, Rc, Gc, and Bc indicate corrected data, and data without any suffixes indicate data from the shading correction circuit  202 . 
 
 Rc= 0.927 ×R+ 0.177 ×G− 0.104 ×B  
 
 Gc=− 0.013 ×R+ 1.204 ×G− 0.191 ×B  
 
 Bc=− 0.023 ×R− 0.049 ×G+ 1.072 ×B   (1) 
 
         [0072]     The above equations will be explained in more detail. As described above, the LEDs as the R, G, and B light sources in this embodiment respectively have dominant emission wavelengths of 630 nm (R LED), 525 nm (G LED), and 470 nm (B LED), as shown in  FIG. 3 . By contrast, in the luminousity characteristics of human eyes, the barycentric position of R component sensitivity is approximately 620 nm, that of G component sensitivity is approximately 545 nm, and that of B component sensitivity is approximately 450 nm, resulting in differences between color components of the human eye and LEDs.  
         [0073]     In other words, it is desired to shift the wavelength of an R component obtained from the shading correction circuit  202  toward the short wavelength side, that of a G component toward the long wavelength side, and that of a B component toward the short wavelength side.  
         [0074]     However, R, G, and B data output from the shading correction data  202  do not include any wavelength components by now but include only their light-receiving intensities. Hence, data of the color components R, G, and B are considered as wavelength data since the magnitude relationship of their wavelengths meet B&lt;G&lt;R, and correction substantially equivalent to movement of their barycentric positions is attained by multiplying R, G, and B by weighting coefficients and adding/subtracting them to/from each other, i.e., operating R, G, and B as composite wavelength components. That is, in order to shift an R component toward the short wavelength side, the data value of an input R component is decreased, and values to be added to G and B components are increased. In order to shift a G component toward the long wavelength side, the ratio of increasing the G component is set to be large, and the ratio of subtracting the value of a B component is set to be large. Equations (1) above are derived as a result of examinations of various corrections and color reproducibilities on the basis of consideration of such correlation among R, G, and B. According to equations (1) above, it was demonstrated that the LED luminous spectrum characteristics shown in  FIG. 3  become nearly equivalent to those which have undergone correction shown in  FIG. 6 .  
         [0075]     As shown in  FIG. 6 , since the ratio of the red component that becomes involved with the green component increases, the same effect as that obtained when the barycentric position of the luminous spectrum characteristics (luminous spectrum distribution) of the R component shifts (moves) toward the short wavelength side is obtained. Also, the same effect as that obtained when the G component shifts (moves) toward the long wavelength side, and the same effect as that obtained when the B component shifts (moves) toward the short wavelength side are obtained. That is, after the arithmetic operations of equations (1), the barycentric positions of the R, G, and B components have moved to the vicinities of 620 nm, 530 nm, and 470 nm, and the characteristics approximate to CIE-RGB shown in  FIG. 4  can be obtained. As described above, by making the arithmetic operations given by equations (1), upon scanning in the 24-bit multi-valued mode, color reproducibility higher than that obtained without any correction can be obtained.  
         [0076]     On the other hand, if the 32-bit multi-valued mode is set, the color correction processor  801  converts data of color components R, G, B, and E into R, G, and B component data that can be used by the personal computer via equations (2) below. In equations (2), data with suffixes “c” indicate converted data, and data without any suffixes indicate input color component data. 
 
 Rc= 0.947 ×R+ 0.192 ×G− 0.119 ×B− 0.018 ×E  
 
 Gc=− 0.020 ×R+ 1.972 ×G+ 0.031 ×B− 0.983 ×E  
 
 Bc=− 0.023 ×R+ 0.127 ×G+ 1.080 ×B− 0.184 ×E   (2) 
 
         [0077]      FIG. 10  shows the luminous spectrum characteristics equivalent to these conversion results. As shown in  FIG. 10 , since the E-LED is used, and the correction based on equations (2) is applied, the barycentric position of the red luminous spectrum characteristics shifts toward the short wavelength side, and can become closer to that of the luminous spectrum characteristics of a red component of CIE-RGB compared to the correction of equations (1). As for a green component, an emerald wavelength component of the green component is largely subtracted, as can be seen from  FIG. 10 . Furthermore, the half wavelength of the green component on the short wavelength side shifts from the vicinity of 500 nm to that of 510 nm, and the barycentric position of the luminous spectrum characteristics shifts toward the long wavelength side and tends to be closer to that of the luminous spectrum characteristics of the green component of CIE-RGB.  
         [0078]     As described above, in the 32-bit multi-valued image scan mode using the four, i.e., R, G, B, and E LEDs, the LED luminous spectrum characteristics can be precisely approximate to those of CIE-RGB, thus further improving the color reproducibility.  
         [0079]     In this embodiment, the four-color scan mode is made in the order of R, G, B, and E as shown in  FIG. 8  upon focusing attention on one line to be scanned for the following reason.  
         [0080]     E component data described in this embodiment has a large overlap wavelength range with the G component of the R, G, and B components, as can be seen from  FIG. 12 . That is, the E component data has a highest correlation coefficient with the G component. When conversion from four colors into three colors based on equations (2) is made, G component data after three-color conversion is mainly generated from G and E components before conversion. Also, the human eye have a highest spectral luminous efficacy with respect to the G component which includes a wavelength of 555 nm as nearly the center of the visible light range.  
         [0081]      FIG. 16A  shows a case wherein E and G components are scanned successively, and  FIG. 16B  shows a case wherein E and G components are scanned every other colors. As shown in  FIG. 16A , when E and G components are successively scanned, the sampling period in the sub-scan direction with respect to colors in the overlap wavelength range of the E and G components becomes equal to those of R and B components. However, when the E and G components are scanned every other colors, the sampling period in the sub-scan direction is raised with respect to colors in the overlap wavelength range of the E and G components.  
         [0082]     In this way, since the control is made not to successively scan a G component to which the human eye has a highest spectral luminous efficacy and an E component having high correlation with the G component and having a second highest spectral luminous efficacy, i.e., to scan E and G components every other color components, the resolution in the sub-scan direction can be improved with respect to colors in the overlap wavelength range of the E and G components. Therefore, as the scan order of respective color components, an R or B component is preferably scanned between G and E components. More specifically, the control is preferably made to scan by turning on the color LEDs in the order of R, G, B, and E described in this embodiment or in the order of R, E, B, and B.  
       Second Embodiment  
       [0083]     In the first embodiment, the color correction processes in the three-color scan mode and four-color scan mode are executed on the image scanning device side. Alternatively, the scanned R, G, and B or R, G, B, and E component data may be output to the host computer, which may execute the correction processes. When the correction processes are done on the host computer side, that correction function can be added to an image scanner driver which runs on the host computer. As a result, the edit processes that can obtain the effects of the above embodiment can be made without modifying a normal image processing application.  
         [0084]     An implementation example of the color correction processes by a scanner driver on the PC  300  side will be explained hereinafter as the second embodiment.  
         [0085]     The structure of the image scanning device is the same as that shown in  FIG. 7 . However, when the 32-bit multi-valued mode is set, the image scanning device directly outputs 8-bit data of R, G, B, and E components to the PC  300 .  
         [0086]      FIG. 13  is a functional block diagram of a part that pertains to image reception of a scanner driver which runs on the host computer  300  in this modification (a GUI part used to issue commands to the image scanning device, and a processing part that pertains to transmission of LED ON time data and shading correction data are not shown).  
         [0087]     A color correction processor  1101  multiplies raw image data scanned by the image scanning device of this embodiment by color correction processing coefficients according to the selected scan mode (to be described in detail later). A tone adjustment processor  1102  adjusts lightness. An effect processor  1103  applies effect processes for improving image quality such as an edge emphasis process, noise reduction process, and the like, and outputs a final image to an application as a read source (in general, an image edit application or the like).  
         [0088]     The color correction processor  1101  will be described in more detail below.  
         [0089]     Upon transmitting the pre-scan or main scan instruction to the image scanning device, the scan mode is set in the image scanning device, as has been described above. This scan mode is also set in the color correction processor  1101 . This is to attain matching between the sender side (image scanning device) of image data and the receiver side (scanner driver).  
         [0090]     If the scan mode is the binary mode, since one pixel is expressed by 1 pixel, the tone adjustment processor  1102  and effect processor  1103  do not execute any processes, and image data is directly output to an application.  
         [0091]     On the other hand, if the 24-bit multi-valued mode (three-color LED scan mode) or 32-bit multi-valued mode (four-color LED scan mode) is set as the scan mode, the color correction processor  1101  executes the following processes. In the following description, Rc, Gc, and Bc indicate corrected data, and data without any suffixes indicate raw data from the image scanning device. 
        In case of 24-bit multi-valued mode: 
 
 Rc= 0.927 ×R+ 0.177 ×G− 0.104 ×B  
 
 Gc=− 0.013 ×R+ 1.204 ×G− 0.191 ×B  
 
 Bc=− 0.023 ×R− 0.049 ×G+ 1.072 ×B   (3) 
    In case of 32-bit multi-valued mode: 
 
 Rc= 0.947 ×R+ 0.192 ×G− 0.119 ×B− 0.018 ×E  
 
 Gc=− 0.020 ×R+ 1.972 ×G+ 0.031 ×B− 0.983 ×E  
 
 Bc=− 0.023 ×R+ 0.127 ×G+ 1.080 ×B− 0.184 ×E   (4) 
       
 
         [0094]     As a result of the above processes, in either of the 24- or 32-bit multi-valued mode, conversion to three primary colors, i.e., R, G, and B data expressed by a personal computer or the like is made.  
         [0095]      FIG. 15  is a flowchart showing an example of the reception process of image data in the scanner driver program of this embodiment.  
         [0096]     It is checked in step S 1  if the scan process has been made in the binary scan mode. If it is determined that the scan process has been made in the binary scan mode, the flow advances to step S 2  to receive binary data for one line. In step S 3 , the binary data is output to an application which has launched this scanner driver.  
         [0097]     On the other hand, if it is determined that the scan process has been made in the three- or four-color LED scan mode, R, G, and B data for one line are received and are stored in an appropriate area of a RAM of the host computer in steps S 4  to S 6 . If the three-color LED scan mode is determined in step S 7 , the flow advances to step S 8  to apply the correction processes based on equations (3) above. On the other hand, if the four-color LED scan mode is determined, the remaining E data is received in step S 9 , and the correction processes based on equations (4) above are applied in step S 10 .  
         [0098]     After that, tone adjustment is applied in step S 11 , and the effect process is applied in step S 12 . In step S 13 , the R, G, and B data are output to the application which has launched this scanner driver.  
         [0099]     In this manner, image data for one line is output to the application. It is checked in step S 14  if data for the number of lines designated by the scan instruction have been received. If NO in step S 14 , the processes in step S 1  and subsequent steps are repeated.  
         [0100]     The present inventors confirmed the presence of the following differences in association with the color reproducibility of R, G, and B, three-primary-color scanned image data and that of four-color scanned image data.  
         [0101]     Image data, which are obtained by scanning “IT8 chart” normally used for color calibration of input and output devices in the 24- and 32-bit multi-valued modes using the image scanning device of this embodiment, are corrected by the aforementioned processes to generate R, G, and B image data of three, R, G, and B components, and the R, G, and B image data are converted into image data on the Lab color space via the XYZ color space. Color conversion colors used in this case are as follows (note that the light source is of D65 type): 
 
 X= 0.4124 ×Rc+ 0.3576 ×Gc+ 0.1805 ×Bc  
 
 Y= 0.2126 ×Rc+ 0.7152 ×Gc+ 0.0722 ×Bc  
 
 Z= 0.0193 ×Rc+ 0.1192 ×Gc+ 0.9505 ×Bc  
 
 L= 116×( Y/Y 0) 0.333 −16 
 
 a= 500×[( X/X 0) 0.333 −( Y/Y 0) 0.333 ]
 
 b= 200×[( Y/Y 0) 0.333 −( Z/Z 0) 0.333 ]  (5) 
        for X0=0.95045, Y0=1.0, and Z0=1.08906.        
 
         [0103]     A color difference ΔE is calculated from the L, a, and B image data calculated using equations (5) and the colorimetric values of the IT8 chart. The color difference ΔE is given by: 
 
Δ E =( ΔL   2   +Δa   2   +Δb   2 ) 1/2  
 
 where ΔL, Δa, and Δb are the differences between the image data obtained by the image scanning device of this embodiment, and calorimetric data of a document. 
 
         [0104]      FIG. 14  shows the comparison results of representative colors (red, green, blue, emerald, magenta, yellow) of the color differences ΔE of the three- and four-color scan modes, which are calculated by the above formula. As shown in  FIG. 14 , red, green, and blue have substantially no differences or small differences between the three- and four-color scan modes. However, emerald, magenta, and yellow have smaller color differences in the four-color scan mode than the three-color scan mode. Especially, as seen easily, “emerald (E component)” as the fourth light-emitting member has a large difference, and the four-color scan mode has higher color reproducibility.  
         [0105]     In the above example, in the three- and four-color scan modes, the host computer performs conversion and correction to R, G, and B data. Alternatively, the image scanning device may perform such conversion and correction. In this case, the load on the image scanning device becomes heavier and line buffers for four colors (required to calculate R. G, and B data) must be added. However, the host computer can exploit an existing three-color scanner driver. Note that since the existing scanner driver cannot designate the four-color scan mode, a control panel or the like equipped on the image scanning device must be used to designate that mode.  
         [0106]     As described above, according to this modification, the image scanning device shown in  FIG. 11  and the host scanner driver program on the host computer  300  can obtain an image with high color reproducibility. Hence, since the scanner driver program on the host computer implements the aforementioned processes, the scope of the present invention includes such computer program. Normally, since the computer program is stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as a CD-ROM or the like, which is set in a reader of the computer, and is ready to run when the program is copied or installed in the system, the scope of the present invention also includes such computer-readable storage medium.  
       Third Embodiment  
       [0107]     A case will be explained below wherein the transmitting document illumination unit  210  (see  FIG. 7 ) is used. The transmitting document illumination unit  210  includes four LEDs, i.e., R, G, B, and E LEDs if it is applied to the first embodiment.  
         [0108]     Nowadays, a four-layered silver halide film to which a color sensitive layer sensitive to emerald is added in addition to red, green, and blue color sensitive layers is commercially available, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-84402. Since the transmitting document illumination unit  210  of this embodiment includes four, R, G, B, and E light sources (LEDs) as in the above description, it scans a transmitting document of such four-layered silver halide film, thus obtaining a scanned image with higher color reproducibility.  
         [0109]      FIG. 11  is a sectional view when the transmitting document illumination unit  210  is connected to the interface  208  of this device via a cable  230 . In  FIG. 11 , reference numeral  220  denotes a film holder which holds a film to be scanned. The film holder has an opening (not shown) for one frame of the film, and the transmitting document illumination unit  210  is set above the holder. The transmitting document illumination unit  210  includes an R light-emitting LED  210 R, G light-emitting LED  210 G, B light-emitting LED  210 B, and E light-emitting LED  210 E, one of which is turned on as in the optical waveguide  104 . Reference numeral  211  denotes a panel which two-dimensionally, uniformly emits light upon emission of light by each LED, and has a size at least larger than that of one frame of the film. Since details of alignment and the like between the film holder and transmitting document illumination unit are explained in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-7547 that has already proposed by the present applicant, a description thereof will be omitted.  
         [0110]     Upon detection of connection of the transmitting document illumination unit  210  to this device (an appropriate switch is provided to the interface  208 , and detection is made based on the state of that switch), the controller  200  disables the optical waveguide  104 , and determines the transmitting document illumination unit  210  as an object to be driven.  
         [0111]     Since the actual scan process is substantially the same as that in the above embodiment except that the LEDs in the optical waveguide light source  104  are switched to those of the transmitting document illumination unit  210 , and movement in the sub-scan direction is made in correspondence with the film size, a description thereof will be omitted.  
         [0112]     As described above, upon scanning a four-layered silver halide film or the like to which a color sensitive layer sensitive to emerald is added in addition to normal R, G, and B color sensitive layer, the scan process of this embodiment can be performed by sufficiently utilizing the film characteristics, thus obtaining a scanned image with higher color reproducibility.  
         [0113]     Note that the image scanning device of this embodiment has exemplified an image scanner as a peripheral device of the host computer, but may be applied to a document scanner of a copying machine. When the image scanning device of this embodiment is applied to the copying machine, a print process is made after conversion RGBE→RGB→YMCK.  
         [0114]     In this embodiment, the contact image sensor (CIS) has been exemplified. However, since the present invention can be applied to a device using a CCD, the present invention is not limited to the aforementioned specific embodiments. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to not only a device that scans a document image using four colors, but also a device that scans a document image using five or more colors. As described above, according to the present invention, the color reproducibility of a scanned image can be improved compared to the conventional document scan process using R, G, and B light-emitting members.  
         [0115]     As many apparently widely different embodiments of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments thereof except as defined in the claims.  
       CLAIM OF PRIORITY  
       [0116]     This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2004-031404 and 2004-031405, both filed on Feb. 6, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

Technology Classification (CPC): 7