Patent Abstract:
The invention relates lift and tilt mechanisms for Venetian blinds typically, although not exclusively, comprising slats of very large dimensions, both relating to the width of the slats and to the longitudinal extension of the slats. Thus the venetian blind comprising these slats can be made to cover very large window openings or other parts of buildings and rooms. Both from a functional and from an aestethical point of view a precise and reliable raising and lowering of the slats of the Venetian blind as well as the tilting of the slats is very important. The present invention provides improved mechanisms for attaining these characteristics.

Full Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/551,519 filed Jun. 9, 2006 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,654,301, which is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/IB2004/050363, filed Mar. 30, 2004 (which is hereby incorporated by reference). 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates generally to Venetian blinds and more particularly to mechanisms for lifting and tilting of the slats. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The trend in many modern buildings is to use large window panels. The architectural desires lead to façades that require screens against sunlight. Most commonly conventional laminar blinds are used to provide the required shading. The size of the slats of such blinds and the maximum free span between the support cords are, however, limited. Simply scaling up the blinds and slats would lead to various kinds of stability problems. Typically in venetian blinds presently available the slats have dimensions up to about 10-cm width and a free span between the support cords of about one meter. The limited span between the support cords and the consequent high number of support cords combined with a large number of narrow slats may spoil the original aesthetic effect provided by the large glass panels. Another solution has been to limit the size of the glass panels to the dimensions of the available blinds, thus limiting the architectural freedom. 
     Furthermore large, unbroken window panels may lead to acoustical problems in the room bounded by these panels due to undesirable sound reflections from these panels. It would hence be desirable to have access to venetian blinds with extended length of the slats and corresponding extended span between support cords, which venetian blinds could also, for instance as an option, provide desired acoustical damping of reflections from panels covered by the venetian blinds. 
     Furthermore, the removal of slats for instance for replacement of these can in many prior art venetian blinds be a cumbersome process, for instance due to the lift cords being passed through passages in the individual slats and the slats being supported by the tilt cords according to the traditional ladder-cord arrangement. Such arrangements make the removal and replacement of individual slats difficult and often even impossible without dismantling major portions of the venetian blind. It would hence be desirable to provide venetian blinds of the above kind shaped and attached to tilt cords in a manner that would facilitate removal of individual slats. Furthermore, the provision of passages in the slats—either in the form of centrally located elongated slits as is often done for passage of the lift cords—or along the edge portions of the slats, for passage of attachment means for the tilt cords through each individual slat, is not optimal from a production point of view or from the point of view of cleaning of the slats. Moreover, it makes it difficult to prevent light from penetrating the slats through these passages and for instance the centrally located passages for the lift cord must necessarily be of a relative large lateral extension if the slats have to be able to undergo tilting over a major portion of the vertical tilt range from one of the slats&#39; substantially vertical position through the horizontal position to the other substantially vertical position of the slats. 
     Slats for venetian blinds where the tilt cords are attached to the longitudinal edge portions of the individual slats are for instance described in GB 1 512 274 and DE 38 19 920 A1. 
     Thus, GB 1 512 274 discloses slats for a venetian blind comprising longitudinally extending rounded flanges through which staples are driven and secured. Supporting strings are attached to these staples outside each longitudinal edge portion of the slats. This document furthermore discloses a special tool used to facilitate driving the staples through the flanges. 
     DE 38 19 920 A1 discloses slats for a venetian blind where the longitudinal edge portions are formed as rounded flanges somewhat similar to those of the above document. At the appropriate locations along the longitudinal direction of the slats these flanges are provided with slots cut through the flanges and some distance into the main portion of the slat. Into these slots are inserted clips formed for pivotally engagement with corresponding spherical members attached to the supporting cords. 
     DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 
     On this background, it is the object of the present invention to provide a venetian blind of the kind referred to initially, which overcomes the above-mentioned problems. 
     It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a venetian blind which can be used to cover large window panels comprising slats of a considerable longitudinal extension and with a large span between the support cords or tilt cords for suspending the slats and where the individual slats can furthermore easily be removed and replaced without having to remove other slats of the venetian blind and without the application of tools. 
     This object is achieved by providing a venetian blind that allows use of slats with dimensions that were hereto not possible. In order to increase the usable dimensions of the slats of the venetian blind, the overall rigidity of the slats must be sufficiently high, and this is attained according to the invention by providing slats comprising an elongated main portion on either longitudinal side hereof provided with edge portions comprising a first portion and an opposing second portion forming a space there between, where said edge portions are furthermore provided with a gap, through which gap said space is accessible from outside. These edge portions on the one hand increases the overall rigidity of the slats and serves on the other hand as attachment means on the slats for connecting the slats to support cords or tilt cords, as will be described further in the following. The dimensions of said space are larger than the dimensions of the gap, whereby an attachment means connected to the support cords and inserted through said gap will be retained in a releasable manner within the space in the edge portions of the slats as will be described in more detail in the following. 
     According to an embodiment of the invention the rigidity of the slats is furthermore increased by providing said main portion with an arched cross-sectional shape, but other cross-sectional shapes, including planar slats, are also within the scope of the present invention. 
     In order to further increase the overall rigidity of the slats the main portion  2  could also be corrugated or even be provided with downwardly extending ribs on the bottom surface of the main portion. 
     According to the invention attachment means for releasable attachment of the slats to supporting cords are inserted into the edge portions through said gap, said attachment means being also attached to the supporting cords. The releasable attachment means may be resilient in order to make it pass through a gap surrounded by substantially rigid boundaries, but it is also possible according to the invention to surround the gap by resilient boundaries for passage of substantially rigid attachment means through the gap. The attachment means according to the invention is thus formed for insertion through said gap into said space for engagement with at least some of the boundaries of said space. Some embodiments of attachment means for use with the slats according to the invention are shown and described in the detailed description of the invention, but modifications and variations of these embodiments would also be possible without departing from the scope of the invention. 
     The present venetian blind provides for slats with a width in excess of 200 mm, free spans between the supporting cords of up 2.5 m and more, slats with a length of at least 4 meters and a height of the blind of 6 m and more. It is understood that it is within the scope of the invention to apply more than two pairs of supporting cords if necessary in connection with very long slats, i.e. slats with a length by far exceeding the stated 4 meters. 
     The slats according to the invention can be made of a number of different materials. Typically the slats are made of a suitable metal, such as aluminium or steel, but other metals can also be used. Also a composite material may be used or the slats can be moulded in fibreglass etc. The prime prerequisite governing the choice of material is the necessary rigidity of the slats, but it is possible to some extend to compensate for reduced rigidity due to the choice of material by proper shaping of the slats. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a venetian blind, which can be used to influence the acoustical characteristics of the room, in which the venetian blind is used. This object is attained according to the invention by providing at least certain portions of the slats with an acoustic damping arrangement. Thus according to an embodiment of the invention, it is possible between said edge portions of the slats to place a longitudinally extending bottom panel, preferably—although not necessarily—extending along the entire longitudinal dimension of the slat. This panel is preferably substantially planar, but other shapes could also be used, and may even prove desirable under certain circumstances. This panel can serve at least two functions. It may provide the slats with a more attractive appearance as seen from the bottom side of the slats and/or it may be utilised as an acoustic structure to improve the sound dampening characteristics of the slat. For this purpose the panel may be provided with through holes or slits providing access to the region between the panel and the main portion of the slat and this region may be provided with appropriate sound damping material in a manner known per se. Instead of a perforated panel other sound damping structures, such as a suitable fabric may also be used. 
     In order to obtain an aesthetically satisfactory effect it is important to suspend and operate the slats in a manner that ascertains proper alignment of all slats both in situations where the slats are stationary and during raising, lowering and tilting operations of the slats, as even minor deviations from proper alignment may subtract materially from the overall appearance of the venetian blind. As mentioned above it is furthermore desirable to be able to remove and replace individual slats easily and preferably without the application of tools. These requirement are fulfilled according to the invention by the use of a combined lift and tilt system comprising at least two pairs of tilt cords, each of the tilt cords being attached to the individual slats by means of releasable, preferably resilient clips for insertion into said edge portions of the slats. Running parallel with and preferably in close proximity to at least two pairs of said tilt cords there are provided lift cords, attached at the lower end to the lowermost slat of the venetian blind and at the upper end to a combined lift and tilt mechanism, to which mechanism also the tilt cords are connected. The extension of the lift cords in parallel with the tilt cords may be ascertained by passing the lift cords through loops formed on the tilt cords for instance at the level of each individual slat, but other means of maintaining a parallel arrangement of the lift and tilt cords may also be conceived by a skilled person, without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     According to a specific embodiment of the invention, which will be described in more detail in the detailed description of the invention, two pairs of tilt cords are applied running in parallel with and in close proximity to two corresponding pairs of lift cords in the manner outlined above. According to this embodiment the points of attachment of lift- and tilt cords to the slats are located at a distance from either end of the slats substantially equal to ⅕ of the total length of the slat, thus leaving a free span between the two pairs of lift/tilt cords of substantially ⅗ of the total length of the slats. But other arrangements, comprising even more than two systems of lift- and tilt cords could also be used for instance for very long slats. 
     According to an alternative embodiment of the venetian blind according to the invention, vertically extending support cords or equivalent means are provided at either longitudinal end of the slats in order to increase the overall stability of the venetian blind both longitudinally and laterally, i.e. in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the venetian blind. For this purpose, the slats are at either longitudinal end hereof provided with support members attached to the slats and provided with suitable passages through the member for passage of the support cords. 
     According to still an alternative embodiment of the venetian blind according to the invention, the lift cords are—instead of running parallel with the tilt cords—guided along the support cords, for instance through the same or additional passages in the support members as the support cords. The lift cords are also in this case attached to the lowermost slat of the venetian blind. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a simple and yet reliable lift- and tilt mechanism which can be preferably driven by a single drive means, for instance an electrical motor, operating all pairs of lift- and tilt cords of the venetian blind. It is however understood, that separate drive means could also be used for each pair of lift- and tilt cords without departing from the invention. 
     According to the invention the combined lift- and tilt mechanism is positioned on a longitudinally extending shaft driven for rotation by appropriate drive means such as an electrical motor. The drive means can either be placed external of the shaft or be incorporated into a hollow portion of the shaft. 
     The lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention comprises a tubular member mounted for rotation with and axial displacement over said drive shaft and guide means for maintaining the lift cords in their proper axial position and for directing the lift cords to the outer circumferential surface of said tubular member, whereby the lift cords upon rotation of said tubular member will become helically wound on or off the circumferential surface of the tubular member resulting in the slats being raised or lowered as the tubular member rotates. 
     According to one embodiment of the present invention said tubular member on the outer circumferential surface hereof is provided with a single thread for accommodating each of said lift cords of a given pair of lift cords in the same thread. 
     According to another embodiment of the present invention said tubular member on the outer circumferential surface hereof is provided with a double thread for accommodating each of said lift cords of a given pair of lift cords in separate threads hereof. 
     In either of the above embodiments of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention the rotation of the tubular member together with the fact that the lift cords extending downwards towards the slats are restricted from axial movement in itself makes the tubular member undergo axial displacement, whereby the lift cords wind on or off the tubular member in one single, axially extending layer of cord as the tubular member rotates with the drive shaft. However, according to a third alternative embodiment of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention said single/double thread provided on the outer circumferential surface of the tubular member is in engagement with a corresponding thread in a stationary bearing supporting the tubular member, this arrangement giving rise to the axial displacement of the tubular member and facilitates the proper winding on or off of the lift cords on the tubular member. In the third embodiment of the invention a gap of sufficient dimensions is formed between said thread(s) on the tubular member and on the stationary bearing for accommodation of the lift cords in said gap. 
     According to the invention the lift- and tilt mechanism furthermore comprises tilt means for connection to the tilt cords of a given pair of lift- and tilt cords, said tilt means according to a first embodiment hereof comprising a cylindrical tilt house provided coaxially about said drive shaft and connected to this for co-rotation herewith, around the outer circumferential surface of which tilt house there is provided a tilt member following said rotation of the tilt house over a predetermined angular range due to friction between the tilt member and the tilt house. This range is determined by first means provided on the tilt member during said rotation being broad into contact with corresponding stationary abutment means. The tilt cords are wound around the tilt member, so that rotation of the tilt member in one direction makes one tilt cord of the given pair of tilt cords unwind from the tilt member and the other tilt cord of the given pair of tilt cords wind upon the tilt member. By proper dimensioning of the diameter of the tilt house and tilt member relative to the width of the slats the slats can be broad to undergo a tilting movement over an angular range of approximately 180 degrees, i.e. the slats can tilt between a substantially vertical position, where adjacent edges of the slats are in contact with each other to form one closed surface of the venetian blind through a horizontal position of the slats and to the opposite, substantially vertical position of the slats. Modifications of the ratio between the diameters of the tilt house/tilt member and the width of the slats can be used to restrict the angular tilt range, if desirable. 
     According to the invention the tilt member encircling the tilt house can be radially rigid, but it is also possible to provide the tilt member according to the invention with a certain degree of radial resiliency. Thus for instance a tubular tilt member could be provided with a gap radially extending through the tilt member. Radial resiliency of the tilt member has the advantageous effect that once the rotation of the tilt member relative to the tilt house, as described above, is stopped by said engagement with the abutment means continued rotation of the drive shaft and the tilt house (for lowering or raising the slats) will tend to increase the inner diameter of the tilt member due to the fact that one end of the tilt member is prevented from rotation and that a frictional force is exerted between the contact surface of the tilt member and the tilt house. Thereby the frictional force between the tilt house and the tilt member is reduced, which is advantageous from the point of view of the drive means driving the drive shaft and the tilt house. Thus by providing radial resiliency to the tilt member the drive means can use practically all of its power to raise or lower the slats without wasting power to overcome unnecessary friction between the tilt house and the tilt member. Substantial friction between the tilt house and the tilt member is thus only present, when it is needed, i.e. when the tilt of the slats must be changed, in which situation rotation of the tilt member is not prevented by engagement with the stationary abutment means. 
     In one version of a tilt means according to the first embodiment hereof, the tilt member is a tubular member comprising a main portion and a collar defining an intermediate groove for accommodating the tilt cords. 
     According to a second embodiment of the tilt mechanism according to the invention, the tilt mechanism is formed as a separate mechanism remote from the lift mechanism. 
     Generally, there exists a relationship between the width of the slats and the diameter of the tilt house and tilt member necessary for tilting the slats from a first vertical orientation through a horizontal orientation to an opposite vertical orientation of the slats. Thus, wide slats—for instance of a width of 20 to 25 cm—require a correspondingly large diameter of the tilt house and tilt member. It can, however, be desirable to be able to apply tilt mechanisms where the diameter of the tilt house and tilt member are limited even though slats of a considerable width are applied in the venetian blind. This problem is solved according to the invention by means of a specially advantageous embodiment of the tilt mechanism employing a double-stop function, according to which abutment means provided on the tilt member during rotation of the tilt member are not brought into engagement with stationary abutment means but with another rotational abutment means, whereby rotation of the tilt member around the tilt house can take place over an angle of more than 360 degrees around the tilt house. Eventually, the rotational abutment means will be brought to rest by abutment with a stationary abutment means provided for instance on the bearing supporting the tilt mechanism. By these means, rotation of the tilt member between 0 degrees and approximately 720 degrees around the tilt house can take place. It is even possible to extend this mechanism by providing a consecutive series of rotational abutment means, whereby the tilt member will be able to undergo a rotation around the tilt house of approximately N*360 degrees, where N is the number of such rotational abutment means+1, the number 1 accounting for the original tilt member. A specific embodiment of this alternative tilt mechanism is described in detail in the detailed description of the invention. 
     In order to prevent light from penetrating through the contact regions along the longitudinal edges of the slats portions of the regions of the edges of the slats can be provided with sealing material, such as felt, rubber etc. 
     A number of advantageous effects are attained by the venetian blind system according to the invention. Thus the attachment of the slats along the longitudinal edges hereof is highly advantageous from an aesthetical point of view due to the omission of passages cut through the main portion of the slats, as it is typically done in most known venetian blind systems for passage of a lift cord. The absence of passages through the main portion of the slats is also advantageous from the point of view of controlling of passage of light through the venetian blind. In venetian blinds comprising very large slats as is typically the case in connection with the venetian blind according to the invention comparatively large passages would have to be provided through the slats for the passage of a lift cord, and such passages would have to extend over a substantial portion of the width of the slats in order to make it possible to tilt the slats to their two substantially vertical positions. Thus even if corresponding edge portions of adjacent slats were brought into tight contact with each other—in order to prevent light from penetrating the venetian blind—light would still penetrate said comparatively large passages in the slats. A complete darkening of the room would hence not be possible with slats comprising said passages, but can be attained with the venetian blind according to the invention. If necessary sealing material, such as rubber, felt etc. can even be provided at the edge portions of the slats to prevent light from penetrating between adjacent slats. 
     Also from the point of view of cleaning the slats it is advantageous to have large, unbroken surfaces of the slats without cords penetrating the slats. 
     Furthermore, as mentioned initially, the presence of the longitudinal edge portions along either edge of the slats increases the overall rigidity of the slats thus providing for venetian blinds of great longitudinal extension, typically with the application of only two pairs of lift- and tilt cords. It is thus possible to cover large surfaces, not necessarily only window openings, with a single venetian blind, having large extensions both horizontally and vertically. 
     The attachment of the tilt cords along the edge portions makes both initial assembling of the venetian blind easy and also facilitates removal and replacement of single slats without the necessity to dismantle major parts of the whole venetian blind. The easy initial assembling of even venetian blinds of considerable dimensions furthermore opens up for the possibility to purchase the venetian blind in the form of a kit to be easily assembled in situ. The slats can for instance be kept in stock in form of very long slats, which can be sold in the lengths actually needed. The ease of assembling the venetian blind in situ is also advantageous from a transportation point of view. 
     Also from a production point of view the unbroken surface of the slats together with the fact that the slats can be made in one piece for instance with the aid of a roll forming technique is highly advantageous. 
     Finally the slats may be used for altering the acoustical characteristics of a room by the provision of the various forms of acoustic damping arrangements on the slats. The tilting of the slats can even be utilised to alter the acoustical effect of the slats, it being possible to obtain either an acoustical hard surface, when the slats are in one of their vertical positions, or various degrees of acoustical damping, when the slats are tilted. 
     In order to obtain an aesthetically satisfactory effect, it is important to suspend and operate the slats of the Venetian blind in a manner that ascertains proper alignment of all slats both in situations where the slats are stationary and during raising, lowering and tilting operations of the slats, as even minor deviations from proper alignment may subtract materially from the overall appearance of the Venetian blind. Wind-up systems where the cords are layered on top of each other would inevitably lead to length deviations between cords and pairs of cords which would cause the slats to be unevenly raised. This kind of lift systems would also cause variations in lift speed. 
     In order not to get the cords entangled, a certain amount of tightening up of the cords is normally necessary. In the above arrangement, the weight of the slats is considered sufficient load of the cords for pulling the cords out of the mechanisms during lowering of the slats and retaining the cords in position during wind-in of the cords while raising the slats. But different tilt angles can lead to one cord of a pair being slack, and at lower weight of the slats or certain wind situations, the need for active tightening might not be fulfilled causing the lift cords to be entangled, which in turn can lead to disorder of the cords in the lift mechanism and even cause damage of the mechanism. 
     On this background, it is a further object of the present invention to provide lift mechanisms for instance for use in Venetian blinds of the above-mentioned kind, where the lift cords are actively pushed out of or held outside the mechanism without possibility of entangling the cords inside the mechanism. 
     It is another object of the present invention to present a mechanism that can be axially connected in cascade for provision of a plurality of pairs of cords driven for rotation by the same or separate winding motors such as electrical gear motors. 
     The lift mechanism according to this specific embodiment of the invention comprises a spool shaft mounted for rotation with an axial displacement over said drive shaft within a concentric tubular housing and guide means for maintaining the lift cords in their proper axial position and for directing the lift cords to the outer circumferential surface of said spool shaft, whereby the lift cords upon rotation of said spool shaft will become helically wound on or off the circumferential surface of the spool shaft resulting in the slats being raised or lowered as the spool shaft rotates with constant relationship in velocity of the cords to the rotation of the drive shaft. 
     Since the lift cords are restricted from axial movement with respect to the slats and the wind-in of the pair of lift cords on the spool shaft is supposedly wound in one layer only in a helical way, an axial displacement of the spool shaft is necessary and this axial displacement in the present invention is advantageously controlled by the rotation of the drive shaft, hereby controlling the winding pitch. 
     According to a specific embodiment of the invention, which will be described in more detail in the detailed description of the invention, the axial displacement over the drive shaft is controlled by means of a rack and pinion system, where the circumferentially threaded pinion is rigidly connected to the spool shaft and rotationally coupled to the drive shaft, and the threads are in engagement with the stationary rack, said pinion operating as the axial driving means for the spool shaft in synchronisation with the drive shaft hereby controlling the pitch of the helical winding of the lift cords onto the spool shaft. 
     According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the drive shaft of the lift mechanism in one or both ends has means for connecting to drive motors such as electric gear motors and/or shafts of other lift mechanisms for cascading of mechanisms when more pairs of lift cords are needed, for instance for longer venetian blinds or systems of venetian blinds. 
     The arrangement of unwinding of pairs of lift cords in perfect synchronism allows for attaching the lift cords to the slats along the longitudinal edge portions, which makes both initial assembling of the venetian blind easy and also facilitates removal and replacement of single slats without the necessity to dismantle major parts of the whole venetian blind. The easy initial assembling of even venetian blinds of considerable dimensions furthermore opens up for the possibility to purchase the venetian blind in the form of a kit to be easily assembled in situ. The slats can for instance be kept in stock in form of very long slats, which can be sold in the lengths actually needed. The ease of assembling the venetian blind in situ is also advantageous from a transportation point of view. 
     Also from a production point of view the unbroken surface of the slats together with the fact that the slats can be made in one piece for instance with the aid of a roll-forming technique is highly advantageous. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of one slat according to the invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of the slat shown in  FIG. 3  provided with a sound damping panel on the bottom portion of the slat; 
         FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  are a view of a clip used for attachment of the slats to the tilt cords; 
         FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b  are cross-sectional views of two alternative slats according to the invention; 
         FIGS. 4   c  and  4   d  are alternative attachment means for the slats shown in  FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b;    
         FIG. 5  is a view of a first embodiment of a combined lift- and tilt mechanism (lift- and tilt mechanism) according to the invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a view of a second embodiment of a combined lift- and tilt mechanism (lift- and tilt mechanism) according to the invention; 
         FIG. 7   a  is a schematic perspective view of the tilt mechanism according to the invention; 
         FIG. 7   b  is a schematic view of the tilt mechanism according to the invention as seen from one longitudinal end of the tilt mechanism; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention comprising two separate lift mechanisms and a single, separate tilt mechanism as shown in  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a tilt mechanism according to the invention with a double-stop function for reducing the necessary diameter of the tilt mechanism; 
         FIGS. 10   a ,  10   b  and  10   c  are schematic representations of alternative routings of lift cords to the tubular member of the lift mechanism; 
         FIG. 11  is a schematical representation of the venetian blind according to the invention showing only the main components hereof as viewed from the side; 
         FIG. 12   a  is a schematic representation of a venetian blind according to an alternative embodiment of the invention comprising lateral support cords to enhance stability of the venetian blind in the longitudinal direction of the slats; 
         FIG. 12   b  is a schematic representation of a detail of the venetian blind shown in  FIG. 12   a;    
         FIG. 13  is an exploded view of a specific embodiment of the lift mechanism according to the invention; 
         FIG. 14  is a schematic view of one half of the lift cord guide means housing of the embodiment of a lift mechanism represented in  FIG. 13  showing channels and rotational directional change; 
         FIG. 15  is a schematic view of the second half of the lift cord guide means housing of the embodiment of a lift mechanism represented in  FIG. 13  showing attachment means for one rack end; 
         FIG. 16  is a perspective view of the circumferentially threaded pinion with attachment means for the spool shaft; and 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of the sealed complete lift mechanism assembly according to the embodiment shown in  FIG. 13 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In the following a detailed description of a presently preferred embodiment of the invention is given. 
     With reference to  FIG. 1  there is shown a cross sectional view of one slat according to the invention generally designated by  1 . The slat comprises a longitudinally extending main portion  2 , which according to this embodiment is upwardly arched, although other cross sectional shapes may also be conceived. The slat comprises front and rear longitudinal edge portions  3  comprising first portions  3 ′ in the following referred to as top portions, and is furthermore provided with inwardly extending second portions  4 —in the following referred to as bottom portions  4 , which in the shown embodiment are substantially planar. These bottom portions  4  terminate in attachment portions  5  directed towards the bottom surface of the main portion  2  of the slat. Between the attachment portions  5  and the bottom surface of the slat there is formed a gap  6  for insertion of appropriate attachment means  12  into the space formed between the top portion  3 ′, the bottom portion  4  and the attachment portion  5 . 
     The slat according to this embodiment may be produced in a simple manner by known techniques, such as roll forming. 
     With reference to  FIG. 2  there is shown an optional embodiment of the slat  1  according to the invention, where the slat  1  has been provided with a bottom panel  7 , which may be substantially planar as shown in  FIG. 2 , but which could also have other cross-sectional shapes. The panel may comprise one single unbroken surface, and for instance be provided for purely decorative purposes or it may be formed as a sound damping element in a manner known per se for instance by the provision of a suitable pattern of passages  8  through the panel. These passages can for instance be circular or have the form of elongated slits, although many other shapes would also be possible. Along the longitudinal edges of the panels  7  the panels are provided with attachment portions  11  for releasable attachment to the slats  1  for instance along the attachment portions  5  or via the gaps  6  herein. For optimal sound damping characteristics the bottom panels  7  may furthermore be provided with a sound damping fabric  9  covering said passages  8 . Furthermore the internal volume  10  formed between the bottom panel  7  and the bottom surface of the main portion  2  of the slat  1  may be provided with appropriate acoustic damping material. It would also be possible solely to apply a fabric instead of the panel, and provide this fabric with suitable attachment means along the edges hereof. 
     A number of attachment means could be envisaged for the slats according to the present invention. The prime prerequisite for these attachment means is their ability to pass through the gap between the first and second edge portions of the slat and to be retained within the space between these portions after passage through the gap. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  there is shown an embodiment of attachment means  12  for use with the slats  2  according to the invention, where it is assumed, that the edge portions  3  are substantially rigid, i.e. the gap  6  is bounded by substantially rigid boundaries between  5  and  3 ′. The attachment means according to this embodiment consists of a clips of metal wire or other suitable material formed in a symmetrical manner about a central loop portion  16  and furthermore comprising a first leg portion  15  substantially in the plane of the central loop portion  16  and second and third leg portions  14 ,  13  in a plane forming an angle A relative to the plane of the central loop portion  16  and the first leg portion  15 . The angle A is chosen in accordance with the corresponding angle B between the first and second edge portions  3 ′ and  4  of the slat  2  in such a manner that the attachment means  12  becomes retained within the space  3 ″ of the edge portion  3  after insertion through the gap  6 . Through the loop portion  16  a cord  17  connects the slat  2  to the tilt cord  19 , thereby suspending the slat  2  from the tilt cord  19 . Opposite the cord  17  there is provided at loop  18 , through which the lift cord  20  passes, whereby the lift cords  20  will run substantially parallel with the tilt cords  19 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b  there are shown schematical representations of slats of other cross-sectional shapes according to the present invention. Numerous other shapes would of course also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. 
     The attachment means shown in  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  can not be used in connection with the edge portions  3  shown in  FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b . A couple of alternative embodiments of attachment means for use with the edge portions in  FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b  are shown in  FIGS. 4   c  and  4   d . The attachment means shown in  FIG. 4   c  comprises a cylindrical rod  23  made from a material of sufficient resiliency to allow it to pass through the gap  6  shown in  FIGS. 4   a  and  4   b  and provided with a circumferential groove  24  for fastening the cord  25  connected to the tilt cord  19 . Alternatively the cord  25  could also be embedded in the cylindrical rod  23  for instance during moulding hereof or passed through a passage provided in the cylindrical rod  23 . As an alternative to the cylindrical rod  23  a resilient sphere  26  as shown in  FIG. 4   d  could also be used. It is understood that the above attachment means could alternatively be made of a rigid material if the edge portions  3  are resilient as described above. 
     With reference to  FIG. 5  there is now shown a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a lift- and tilt mechanism  30  for use in the venetian blind according to the invention for controlling a single pair of lift- and tilt cords. This mechanism is attached to a housing  31  mounted for instance in the upper portion of a window opening or in the ceiling. The main components of the venetian blind according to the invention comprise a longitudinally extending shaft  33 , which can be common for a number—typically two—of lift- and tilt mechanisms, although separate shafts  33  for each of a plurality of lift- and tilt mechanisms could also be envisaged, each being provided with suitable drive means, such as a motor designated by reference numeral  34 . In the first of these cases synchronisation of the lift- and tilt mechanisms are ascertained through application of a common drive shaft but in the latter case means for synchronisation of the different lift- and tilt mechanisms may be necessary. According to the embodiment shown in  FIG. 5  at least a part of the shaft  33  is hollow for accommodation of the motor  34  within the shaft, but other arrangements of motors and drive means connecting the shaft  33  and the drive shaft bearing  35  of the motor  34  could also be used without constituting a departure from the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the present invention. In the embodiment shown the drive shaft bearing  35  of the motor is attached to the abovementioned housing  31 . 
     Around the shaft  33  there is provided a tubular member  36  dimensioned for rotation with the shaft  33  and for axial displacement over a predetermined longitudinal distance of the shaft  33 , this displacement being indicated by the arrow C in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . The combined rotation with the shaft  33  and simultaneous displacement hereon is obtained according to this embodiment of the lift- and tilt mechanism by engagement between an engagement means  37  extending radially inward from the tubular member  36  and into engagement with a longitudinal channel  38  provided in the shaft  33 . The tubular member  36  is mounted for rotation relative to the housing  31  by means of an appropriate bearing  40 , which is only shown schematically in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 5  a pair of lift cords  20  for raising or lowering of the slats  2  are wound helically around the tubular member  36 . In order to maintain the lift cords  20  on their proper longitudinal position during rotation of the shaft  33  and the tubular member  36  the lift cords  20  are in the embodiment shown directed through channels  46  provided in the bearing  40 , but it is understood that other arrangements for maintaining the longitudinal position of the lift cords  20  could also be used without departing from the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention. The ends  43  of the lift cords are fixed to the tubular member  36 . The winding of the lift cords  20  onto and off the tubular member  36  takes place in a double helical manner as indicated in the figures, where one lift cord is shown in black and the other in an open representation. When the shaft  33  and the tubular member  36  rotates, controlled by the motor  34 , the longitudinal retainment of the lift cords  20  in their downward direction towards the slats  2  forces the tubular member to undergo longitudinal displacement relative to the shaft, whereby the lift cords  20  are wound on of off the tubular member  36  according to the direction of rotation hereof. 
     A second embodiment of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention is shown in  FIG. 6 . According to this embodiment the tubular member  36  is on the circumferential surface hereof provided with threads  39  for engagement with corresponding threads  44  in the stationary bearing  40 . According to this embodiment the longitudinal displacement of the tubular member  36  on the shaft  33  is attained by the engagement between the thread  39  on the tubular member  36  and the thread  44  in the stationary bearing  40 . The thread on the tubular member  36  furthermore serves the purpose of ascertaining a reliable winding on and off of the lift cords  20  on the tubular member, as the thread is formed to accommodate the two lift cords  20  of a given pair of lift cords within a single groove of the thread. The thread according to this embodiment is thus a single thread formed to accommodate two cords in side by side relation in the single groove of the thread. 
     According to a third embodiment of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention (not shown) the single thread comprised in the second embodiment is replaced by a double thread, each thread accommodating one of the lift cords  20  of the given pair of lift cords. 
     According to a preferred version of the above second and third embodiments of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention the inner circumferential surface of a cylindrical tilt house  41 , which will be described in the following, substantially touches the crests of the thread  39  on the tubular member  36 , whereby substantially closed spaces for accommodating the lift cords  20  are formed between the tubular member  36  and the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical tilt house  41 , thus preventing the lift cords  20  from becoming entangled or leaving contact with the tubular member  36  during operation of the mechanism. 
     In order to be able to accommodate the lift cords  20  in the region between the tubular member  36  and the stationary bearing  40  a sufficient space must of cause be provided between the corresponding threads as depicted in  FIG. 6 . A preferable choice of thread has proved to be a trapezoidal thread, although other shapes could also be used. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  there is now shown a tilt mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention. Thus referring to  FIG. 7   a  said tilt mechanism comprises a cylindrical tilt house  41  provided coaxially about and connected to said drive shaft  33  for co-rotation herewith, around the outer circumferential surface of which tilt house  41  there is provided a circular, radially resilient tilt member  42 . The tilt member  42  may comprise an axially extending gap  47  to allow the tilt member  42  to expand radially, although this is not a necessary prerequisite for the function of the tilt mechanism. The diameter of the tilt member  42  is chosen such that a frictional force is exerted between the tilt member and the tilt house  41 , whereby a rotation of the tilt house  41  will cause the tilt member  42  to undergo rotation simultaneously with the tilt house  41  and the drive shaft  33 . The rotation of the tilt member  42  in the direction of the arrow D will however be prevented, when a tongue  48  provided in the vicinity of the gap  47  makes contacts with a stationary abutment  50 . Similarly, for a rotation in the opposite direction, as indicated by the arrow E, rotation of the tilt member  42  will be prevented, when a tongue  49  makes contact with a stationary abutment  51 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7   b  there is shown a schematic representation of details of the tilt mechanism according to the invention. The tilt cords  19   1  and  19   2  of the venetian blind are attached to substantially diametrically opposite points  56  and  57  respectively on the tilt member  42  and wound around the tilt member (accommodated in a groove  52  provided in the tilt member between a main portion  54  hereof and a collar  53 , although this is not apparent from  FIG. 7   b ). Thus a rotation of the tilt member  42 , which according to this embodiment of the tilt mechanism takes place over an angular range of approximately 360 degrees, corresponding either to contact between the tongue  48  and the abutment  50  or to contact between the tongue  49  and the abutment  51  (hidden behind the abutment  50  in  FIG. 7   b ) makes one of the tilt cords  19   1  move for instance in a downward direction and the other tilt cord  19   2  move in an upward direction. The slats  2  attached to the tilt cords thus undergo a tilting movement. By proper choice of the ratio between the diameter of the tilt house  41  and the width of the slats  2  it is thus possible to make the slats  2  tilt between a first, substantially vertical position I and the opposite, also substantially vertical position II as shown in  FIG. 7   b . The angular tilt range of the slats  2  can be changed either by changing the diameter of the tilt house  41  or by changing the positions of the abutments  50 ,  51 , thereby preventing the tilt member  42  from undergoing substantially a full 360 degrees rotation. 
     In the state shown in  FIG. 7   b  the tilt house  41  rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow E, whereby the tongue  48  has been brought into contact with the abutment  50 . The tilt member  42  is thus prevented from further counterclockwise rotation. The frictional force F between the tilt house  41  and the tilt member  42  will hereafter tend to increase the width of the gap  47  in the tilt member  42 , thus increasing the diameter hereof and hence reducing the frictional force between the tilt house and the tilt member as previously described. By a subsequent clockwise rotation of the tilt house  41  the tilt member  42  becomes free to rotate with the tilt house  41  until engagement between the other tongue  49  and the corresponding abutment  51  is established. By a further clockwise rotation of the tilt house  41  the diameter of tilt member  42  will again tend to increase, thereby reducing the frictional force between the tilt house  41  and the tilt member  42 . 
     In the state shown in  FIG. 7   b  the tilt cord  19   1  has been wound maximally off the tilt member  42 , thus leaving approximately  1 / 2  turn of cord on the circumference of the tilt member  42 . The other tilt cord  19   2  is wound maximally on the tilt member  42  corresponding to approximately 1½ turn of cord. 
     An alternative embodiment of the lift- and tilt mechanism according to the invention is shown in  FIG. 8 . According to this embodiment, the lift- and tilt mechanisms are provided on the drive shaft  33  in the form of separate mechanisms remote from each other. According to  FIG. 8  the tilt mechanism  58  is furthermore designed to operate both pairs of tilt cords  19 , although it would also be possible to provide tilt mechanisms for each of the pairs of tilt cords as described previously. The lift mechanisms shown in  FIG. 8  are of the embodiment comprising threads to accommodate the lift cords, either of the single-thread or double-thread type as described previously, although a mechanism without threads could also in principle be used. Furthermore, other housings (not shown) for closing the open region(s) of the threads and for protecting the tubular member and the lift cords wound around this may be provided as previously discussed. 
     The drive shaft is in  FIG. 8  driven by a suitable motor. This could be inserted in the drive shaft, the drive shaft being for this purpose split up into two sections, but it is understood that other means of driving the shaft  33  may also be employed, as for instance a motor housed within a hollow portion of the drive shaft as previously described. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 9 , there is shown the alternative embodiment of the tilt mechanism  58  according to the invention provided with the double-stop function mentioned previously. The tilt mechanism is supported by a stationary bearing  59  and comprises a tilt drum  60  mounted for rotation with the drive shaft  33 , for instance by means of a suitable slot and key arrangement  70 . Around the tilt drum is provided a tilt member  61  cut up longitudinally by a slit  62  for facilitating radial expansion/compression of the tilt member. Two abutment means  63  are provided proximate to said slit, i.e. at either circumferential end of the tilt member. In the embodiment of a tilt mechanism previously described, these abutment means would have been brought into engagement with a stationary abutment means for instance provided on the stationary bearing, but according to the embodiment shown in  FIG. 9  engagement takes place between either of these abutment means  63  and a tongue  65  provided on a rotatable abutment ring  64 , rotating around the tilt drum  60 . When either of the first abutment means  63  during rotation of the tilt member  61  is brought into engagement with the tongue  65 , rotation of the tilt member  61  continues until an end face  67  provided on either end of an abutment portion  66  on the rotational abutment ring is brought into engagement with a stationary abutment means  68  provided at a suitable place on the stationary bearing  59 . 
     Tilt cords  19  are directed from the slats via suitable systems of pulleys (for instance  69 ) and wound around the tilt member in a manner corresponding for instance to that shown previously in connection with the first embodiment of tilt mechanism. Such tilt cords are indicated in  FIG. 9 , but the manner in which they are actually wound around the tilt member can be subject to variations, which would be obvious to a person skilled in the art. In  FIG. 9 , they are attached to the first abutment means  63 , but attachment of the tilt cords to the tilt member could take place at other circumferential positions as well. Finally, only one of the tilt cords of each pair of tilt cords is shown in  FIG. 9 , but the corresponding tilt cords are also connected to the tilt member, in the figure hidden from view by the tilt mechanism and the drive shaft  33 . 
     The range of rotation of the rotatable abutment ring  64 —and hence of the tilt member  61  around the tilt drum  60 —is determined by the circumferential extent of the abutment portion  66 . Hence, by proper choice of the circumferential extent of the abutment portion, the desired rotation range can be set. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 10   a ,  10   b  and  10   c , there are shown schematic representations of alternative routings of lift cords  20  to the tubular member  36  of the lift mechanism shown in  FIG. 10   a . Thus,  FIG. 10   b  shows a first alternative comprising two pulleys  69  and  FIG. 10   c  shows a second alternative comprising only a single pulley  69 . In either alternative, the pulleys are located within the stationary bearing  40  and suitable openings and/or channels for the lift cords are provided in the stationary bearing. Other routing mechanisms for the lift cords may also be envisaged by a person skilled in the art. 
     With reference to  FIG. 11  there is shown an overview of an embodiment of a venetian blind according to the invention comprising the slats  2 , attachment means  12  and lift- and tilt mechanism  30  according to one embodiment of the invention as described in detail above. 
     The slats can as an option be provided with resilient bands in contact regions between adjacent slats in order to prevent light from penetrating the contact regions between the slats. Also such resilient bands would prevent the generation of noise when adjacent slats are broad into contact with each other during operation of the venetian blind. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 12   a  and  12   b  there is shown an alternative embodiment of the venetian blind according to the invention, where vertically extending support cords  71  are provided at either longitudinal end of the slats  2  in order to increase overall stability of the venetian blind. Although referred to as support cords, it is understood that other means for instance substantially rigid rods of suitable dimensions could also be used. The support cords  71  pass through a passage  73  provided in a support member  72  attached to the longitudinal end of the slat, and for this purpose the end of the slat can be provided with an end cap or member  74  formed for instance for insertion into the hollow structure of the slat. In order not to interfere with the tilting of the slats, the support member  72  is mounted for rotation about the axis X′ through the member, i.e. for rotation relative to the slat. 
     The provision of the support members  72  or equivalent members at the longitudinal ends of the slats leads to a further alternative embodiment of the venetian blind according to the invention. As shown in  FIG. 12   a , only support cords  71  are provided at the longitudinal ends of the slats, whereas both the tilt cords and the lift cords  19 ,  20  are positioned relative to the slats as described previously. It is, however, also possible to provide the lift cords at either longitudinal ends of the slats, by for instance passing lift cord  20 ′ through second passages  75  in the support members  72  and attaching the lift cords  20 ′ to the lowermost slat. By this alternative embodiment, one of the main objectives of the invention—the omission of passages for the lift cords penetrating the slats—is also attained. 
     In the following, a detailed description of a presently preferred embodiment of the lift mechanism according to the invention is given. 
     With reference to  FIG. 13 , a complete assembly of a lift mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in exploded view representation. 
     The circumferentially threaded pinion  85  and the cord lock  84  are in rotational engagement with the drive shaft  76  by means of a groove and tongue system. By means of protruding fingers and dents said circumferentially threaded pinion  85  and said cord lock  84  are engaged in corresponding notches in each end of the spool shaft  77 . The circumferentially threaded pinion  85 , the cord lock  84  and the spool shaft  77  hereby constitute a rotating and axially displaceable mechanism. The housing part  80  with cord guide means  96  ( FIG. 14 ), cord reversing means  81  and cord channels  91  is additionally equipped with a seating  95  for the tubular housing  78 . The housing part  82  in a similar fashion is equipped with a seating  97  for the rack rail housing  79  and a mounting base  98  for the rack rail  86 . The rack rail housing  79  has a longitudinal cut-out  93  for accommodating the rack rail  86  and it is supported by a flanged joint  87 , which latter also supports the opposite end of the rack rail  86 . The tubular housing  78  distal to the rack rail housing  79  from the housing part  80  is supported by a flange  89 . The tubular housing  78  together with the spool shaft  77  constitute a spool chamber between the outer periphery of the spool shaft  77  and the inner periphery of the tubular housing  78  creating a tubular gap with a uniform gap width preferably slightly less than or equal to the diameter of the lift cords  94 . Both ends of the assembly are terminated with centring bushings  83  and  88  in opposite ends and held together by means of lock washers  90  and  92  fixed to the drive shaft  76 . Since the circumferentially threaded pinion  85  is engaged with the stationary rack rail  86  in a linear worm gear type of drive, said mechanism will be displaced axially relative to the drive shaft  76  in perfect synchronisation with rotation of the drive shaft  76 . Since the cord pair  94  is guided through the channels  91  into the guide means housing assembly  80 ,  82 , around the spool shaft  77  and fixed by means of the concomitant rotating cord lock  84 , and the spool shaft will be axially displaced while winding, said cord pair  94  will be wound onto the spool shaft  77  in a perfect helical winding gently squeezed between the spool shaft  77  and the tubular housing  78 . 
     In the present embodiment, the lift cords during winding will be tightly packed with no possibility of getting displaced or entangled. By counter rotating said mechanism, the lift cords will be unwound and pushed out of the cord channels  91  because of the rotation simultaneous with an axial displacement in the reverse direction of that from the wind-in sequence. In an advantageous embodiment, the outer periphery of the spool shaft  77  is treated to yield higher frictional force to the lift cords than the inner periphery of the tubular housing  78 . The complete assembly can be fixed to a building part by means of the housing parts  80  and  82  and the flange  89 . 
     With reference to  FIG. 14 , one half of the lift cord guide means housing  80  is shown. Guiding and attachment means are seen in perspective view in  FIG. 14   b . Cord channels and an embodiment of cord reversing means  81  are shown in  FIG. 2   d . Outlet openings  96  in the housing  80  for the cords  94  through which the cords are pulled or pushed by means of the spool shaft  77  through channels  91  are shown in  FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b . Reversal of one of the lift cords is necessary for simultaneous wind-in or wind-out. 
     With reference to  FIG. 15 , this shows the other half of the lift cord guide means housing  82 . Guiding for the rack rail  86  is delineated at the lowermost part of the circular guiding for the rack rail housing  79 . 
       FIG. 16  shows a preferred embodiment of the circumferentially threaded pinion  85  with attachment means for the spool shaft  77  in a perspective view. In this embodiment, the rotational link between the pinion  85  and the drive shaft  76  is accomplished by means of the shown four grooves for meshing with corresponding four tongues on the drive shaft  76 . Also shown are the threads on the outer periphery of the pinion. Spaced equally in between the grooves are four protruding fingers, each terminated in a dent for reaching into the spool shaft  77  and engagement with corresponding four notches in each end of the spool shaft  77 . It is evident to a person skilled in the art that a connection of this kind can be realized in a lot of different ways. 
       FIG. 17  shows an embodiment of the invention, where the completely assembled lift mechanism constitutes an environmentally sealed system. As numeral  99  is indicated the means for coupling to drive/driven means or additional mechanisms in the shape of a hexagonal type of connection. It is implicit that many other functional versions could be applied for the purpose of connecting lift mechanisms. 
     Although only a limited number of embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in the preceding parts of the detailed description, it is understood that a person skilled in the art may conceive other embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims. 
     REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           1 . Slat 
           2 . Main portion of slat 
           3 . Longitudinal edge portions of slat 
           4 . Bottom portions of slat 
           5 . Attachment portions of slat 
           6 . Gap 
           7 . Bottom panel 
           8 . Passages 
           9 . Fabric 
           10 . Internal volume 
           11 . Attachment portions of bottom panel 
           12 . Attachment means 
           13 . Third leg portion 
           14 . Second leg portion 
           15 . First leg portion 
           16 . Central loop portion 
           17 . Attachment cord 
           18 . Loop 
           19 . Tilt cord 
           20 . Lift cord 
           21 . Attachment means 
           22 . Attachment means 
           23 . Cylindrical rod 
           24 . Circumferential groove 
           25 . Cord 
           26 . Sphere 
           30 . Lift- and tilt mechanism 
           31 . Headrail 
           32 . Ceiling 
           33 . Shaft 
           34 . Motor 
           35 . Attachment of motor drive shaft to headrail 
           36 . Tubular member 
           37 . Engagement means of tubular member 
           38 . Longitudinal channel 
           39 . Thread on tubular member 
           40 . Stationary bearing 
           41 . Cylindrical tilt house 
           42 . Tilt member 
           43 . Ends of lift cords 
           44 . Thread in stationary bearing 
           45 . Gap between threads 
           46 . Channels through stationary bearing for lift cords 
           47 . Gap in tilt member 
           48 . Tongue attached on one side of gap in tilt member 
           49 . Tongue attached on the other side of gap in tilt member 
           50 . Abutment 
           51 . Abutment 
           52 . Circumferential groove in tilt member 
           53 . Circumferential collar of tilt member 
           54 . Main portion of tilt member 
           55 . Bottom portion of headrail 
           56 . Attachment point for tilt cord 
           57 . Attachment point for tilt cord 
           58 . Tilt mechanism (second embodiment) 
           59 . Stationary bearing of tilt mechanism 
           60 . Tilt drum 
           61 . Tilt member 
           62 . Slit 
           63 . Abutment means 
           64 . Rotatable abutment ring 
           65 . Abutment tongue 
           66 . Abutment portion 
           67 . End face of abutment portion 
           68 . Stationary abutment 
           69 . Pulley 
           70 . Key 
           71 . Support cord 
           72 . Support member 
           73 . Passage 
           74 . End cap 
           75 . Passage 
           76 . Drive shaft 
           77 . Spool shaft 
           78 . Tubular housing 
           79 . Rail housing 
           80 . Housing part 
           81 . Cord reversing means 
           82 . Housing part 
           83 . Centring bushing 
           84 . Cord lock and driver 
           85 . Circumferentially threaded pinion and driver 
           86 . Rack rail 
           87 . Flanged joint 
           88 . Centring bushing 
           89 . Flange 
           90 . Lock washer 
           91 . Cord channels 
           92 . Lock washer 
           93 . Longitudinal cut-out 
           94 . Lift cord pairs 
           95 . Seating for tubular housing 
           96 . Cord guide means 
           97 . Seating for rack rail housing 
           98 . Mounting base for rack rail 
           99 . Means for coupling to drive/driven means or additional mechanisms

Technology Classification (CPC): 4