Patent Abstract:
A tube/casting assembly and method according to which an axially-projecting cylindrical flange projects from one end of a tubular casting over which an end portion of the conduit extends. A groove is formed in the casting for receiving the end portion and a retainer secures the end portion of the conduit in the groove.

Full Description:
BACKGROUND 
     The present invention relates to a connector assembly and method for connecting an end portion of a conduit to a relatively small casting, a fitting, or the like; and, more particularly, to such an assembly and method in which inexpensive components can be used, and welded or threaded fasteners are eliminated. 
     Many techniques are known for connecting an end portion of a conduit to a casting, a fitting or the like. One technique involves welding or soldering collars onto or into the conduit end and the casting, and clamping a flat packing between the collars by means of bolts which must be forcefully tightened so as to achieve a satisfactory seal. In another technique, conical sockets are welded/soldered to the conduit end and a corresponding end of the casting, and the sockets are joined by means of corresponding conical couplings. The couplings are interconnected by means of bolts that are screwed through flanges, and sealing is effected by seal rings arranged in grooves in the sockets. 
     The above prior art techniques require a large number of expensive materials, such as copper, brass or steel, and are also labor intensive. As a result, some techniques utilize less expensive material for the conduit, such as aluminum, and provide the conduit and the casting with protruding ends and coupling components which are die-cast and formed with threads. However, these components must be precision machined since relatively small tolerances are required for obtaining a satisfactory seal. Also, the machining operation involves a risk that the die-cast material contains pores, thereby causing leakage. Further, these techniques often take up internal space in the conduit or casting, thus reducing the effective inner flow area of the conduit. Finally, the connectors are relatively rigid and are prone to leakage due to vibration or shock. 
     Therefore what is needed is a connector assembly and method for connecting a conduit to a casting, a fitting, or the like, in which inexpensive components can be used, and welded or threaded fasteners are eliminated. Also needed is an connector assembly and method of the above type according to which there is no leakage and no reduction of the inner cross-section of the conduit. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly to an embodiment of the present invention an axially-projecting cylindrical flange projects from one end of a tubular casting over which an end portion of a conduit extends. A groove is formed in the casting for receiving the end of the conduit, and a retainer secures the end portion of the conduit in the groove. 
     The connector assembly and method of the present invention enables a conduit to be connected in fluid flow communication with a casting or fitting utilizing relatively inexpensive components and without the need for welding or threaded fasteners. Also, there is no leakage and no reduction of the inner cross-section of the conduit. Further, the flexible nature of the joint and the seal is very resistant to vibration and shock. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of one embodiment of the assembly of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 1 in an assembled condition. 
     FIGS. 3,  4  and  7  are views, similar to FIG. 2, but depicting alternate embodiments of the assembly of the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 is an exploded isometric view of another alternative embodiment of the assembly of the present invention. 
     FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 5 in an assembled condition. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the reference numeral  10  refers to a conduit which is adapted to carry any type of fluid in a fluid distribution system, or the like. The conduit  10  is provided with an external annular bead  10   a  (FIG. 2) on one end portion thereof and the latter end portion is flared radially outwardly. The bead  10   a  is formed integrally with the conduit  10  in any known manner, such as by using an appropriate forming die, or the like. It is understood that the other end of the conduit  10  is connected to the fluid distribution system. 
     A seal ring  12 , of an elastomeric material, fits inside the bead and is sized so that the inner surface of the seal ring  12  projects slightly from the inner surface of the conduit  10 . The seal ring  12  functions to seal against the leakage of fluid in a manner that will be described. 
     The above-mentioned flared end portion of the conduit  10  is adapted for connection to a tubular casting, or fitting,  14 . The casting  14  can be of the type that is designed to form a part of the above-mentioned fluid distribution system, and, as such, is fixed at its other end to a container, a housing, a dispenser, or the like (not shown) for distributing fluid thereto. For example, the casting  14  could be affixed to a gasoline pumping unit at a gasoline service station. 
     The casting  14  has a cylindrical flange  14   a  extending from one end thereof, and a circumferential groove  14   b  formed in the latter end immediately adjacent the flange. The outer diameter of the flange  14   a  is slightly less that the inner diameter of the conduit  10  so as to extend within the conduit  10  in a fairly tight fit to support and align the conduit in a coaxial relationship to the casting. The groove  14   b  of the casting  14  is dimensioned so as to receive the flared end of the conduit  10  in a manner to be described in detail. 
     A first pair of aligned openings  14   c  extend through the end portion of the wall of the casting  14  adjacent the end thereof, and a second pair of aligned, through openings  14   d  also extend through the wall of the casting in a diametrically opposed relation to the openings  14   c . The respective pairs of openings  14   c  and  14   d  are coaxial with two imaginary lines (shown by the phantom lines in FIG. 1) that respectively extend through two imaginary chords formed through the casting  14 . Two elongated pins  22   a  and  22   b  are adapted to extend through the pairs of openings  14   c  and  14   d , respectively, to secure the conduit  10  to the casting  14  in a manner to be described. 
     To connect the conduit  10  to the casting  14 , the seal ring  12  is placed in the bead  10   a  of the conduit, and the conduit is advanced towards the casting  14  until the flange  14   a  of the casting extends in the bore of the conduit. The conduit  10  is advanced further until the flared end portion of the conduit enters the groove  14   b  of the casting  14 , and the end of the conduit engages the bottom of the groove to locate the conduit relative to the casting as shown in FIG.  2 . 
     The two pairs pins  22   a  and  22   b  are then inserted though the pairs of openings  14   c  and  14   d , respectively, so that a segment of each pin extends through diametrically opposed sections of the groove  14   b  just radially outwardly from the flared end portion of the conduit  10  that extends in the groove, as shown in FIG.  2 . Therefore, the flared end portion of the conduit  10  is captured in the groove  14   b  and the conduit is thus secured to the casting  14 . In this secured position, the seal ring  12  engages a corresponding outer surface portion of the flange  14   a  to seal against fluid leakage between the flange and the conduit  10 . 
     Several advantages result from the foregoing. For example, inexpensive components can be used, and welded or threaded fasteners are eliminated. Also, there is no leakage and no reduction of the inner cross-section of the conduit. 
     The embodiment of FIG. 3 is similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2 and identical components are given the same reference numerals. According to the embodiment of FIG. 3, a conduit  30  is provided having two internal beads  30   a  and  30   b  that define a space therebetween in which an elastomeric seal ring  32  extends. The conduit  30  and the flange  14   a  are sized so that an annular space is defined therebetween into which the beads  30   a  and  30   b  extend. The inner diameters of the beads  30   a  and  30   b  are slightly greater than the outer diameter of the flange  14   a  so that the flange is surrounded by the beads in a fairly tight fit. As a result, the flange  14   a  supports the conduit  10  in a coaxial relation to the casting  14 . The seal ring  32  is sized so that its inner surface projects radially inwardly from the beads  30   a  and  30   b . 
     Thus, when the conduit  30  is connected to the casting  14  in the manner described above in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the projecting portion of the seal ring  32  engages the corresponding outer surface of the flange  14   a  of the casting  14  to establish a fluid seal. Otherwise, the embodiment of FIG. 3 is identical to that of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 and enjoys all of the advantages thereof. 
     The embodiment of FIG. 4 is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 and to the embodiment of FIG.  3  and identical components are given the same reference numerals. According to the embodiment of FIG. 4, a conduit  36  is provided which has an internal diameter that is only slightly greater than the outer diameter of the flange  14   a  of the casting  14 , as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. A circumferential groove is formed in the outer surface of the flange  14   a  that receives an elastomeric seal ring  38  that is sized so that its outer surface projects slightly radially outwardly from the groove. Thus, when the conduit  36  is connected to the casting  14  in the manner described above in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the projecting portion of the seal ring  38  engages the corresponding inner surface of the conduit  36  to establish a fluid seal. Otherwise, the embodiment of FIG. 4 is identical to that of the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 and enjoys all of the advantages thereof. 
     The embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 is similar to that of FIGS. 1 and 2 and includes a conduit  40  provided with an external annular bead  40   a  on one end portion thereof. A seal ring  42 , of an elastomeric material, extends in the bead  10   a  and is sized so that its inner surface projects slightly outwardly from the inner surface of the conduit, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. 
     A casting  44  has a cylindrical flange  44   a  extending from the end thereof that extends within the conduit  40  to support and align same in a coaxial relationship to the casting, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. According to this embodiment the end of the conduit  40  butts against the end of the casting  44  as shown in FIG. 6, and a circumferential groove  44   b  is provided in the outer surface of the casting  14  near the latter end. 
     The pins  22   a  and  22   b  of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 are replaced by a cylindrical clip  46  for securing the conduit  10  to the casting  14 . To this end, the clip  46  is sized so a portion of it extends over the latter end portion of the conduit  40  and the bead  40   a  while the remaining portion extends over the latter end of the casting  4  as viewed in FIG.  6 . The clip  46  is U-shaped in cross-section with one of its legs  46   a  extending radially inwardly and into the groove  44   b  of the casing  44 , and with its other leg  46   b  abutting an outer surface of the conduit  10 , to secure the conduit to the casting. Thus, the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 enjoys all of the advantages of the previous embodiments while permitting use of a different connector. 
     An embodiment for connecting two conduits in fluid communication through a casting is shown in FIG.  7  and incorporates the components of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 which are given the same reference numerals. According to the embodiment of FIG. 7, a casting  50  is provided which is identical to the casting  14  of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the exception that it is provided with a flange  50   a  at one end that is identical to the flange  14   a  of the casting  14 , and an additional flange  50   b  at the other end that is also identical to the flange  14   a . Two circumferential grooves  50   c  and  50   d  are provided in the respective ends of the casting  50  which are identical to the groove  14   b  of the casting  14 . 
     An additional conduit  60  is provided that is identical to the conduit  10  and is connected to the casting  50  in the same manner as the conduit  10  is connected to the casting  14  in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. To this end, the conduit  60  is fitted over the flange  50   b  of the casting  50  with its flared end extending in the groove  50   d . Two pairs of pins  62   a  and  62   b  are provided that extend through corresponding openings in the casting  50  to secure the conduit  60  to the casting in the same manner as described in connection with the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. 
     To assemble the assembly of the embodiment of FIG. 7, the end portion of the conduit  10  of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 is fitted over the flange  50   a  and is secured thereto by the pins  22   a  and  22   b  as described above. Similarly, the end portion of the conduit  60  is fitted over the flange  50   b  and is secured thereto by the pins  62   a  and  62   b  in the manner discussed in connection with the latter embodiment. 
     The conduits  10  and  60  and the casting  50  together define a through bore, and the embodiment of FIG. 7 thus enables the conduits  10  and  60  to be connected together through the casting  50  in fluid flow communication and yet enjoys all of the advantages of the previous embodiments outlined above. 
     It is understood that variations may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the specific features of each embodiment can be used with the other embodiments. For example, the clip  46  of the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 can be used in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-4 and  7 ; the seal arrangements of the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 can be used in any of the embodiments of FIGS.  1 , 2 , and  5 - 7 , and any of the embodiment of FIGS. 3-5 can be adapted to connect two conduits together through their respective castings as disclosed in the embodiment of FIG.  7 . Also, the two pins  22   a  and  22   b  can be replaced with a single U-shaped pin with the legs of the latter pin extending the openings  14   c  and  14   d , respectively. Further, the single bead of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 can project radially inwardly from the conduit, and the double bead of the embodiment of FIG. 3 can project radially outwardly from the conduit. 
     It is understood that other modifications, changes and substitutions are intended in the foregoing disclosure and in some instances some features of the invention will be employed without a corresponding use of other features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims be construed broadly and in a manner consistent with the scope of the invention.

Technology Classification (CPC): 5