Patent Abstract:
A data processing system comprising a storage apparatus and computers which executes a first program and a second program, the storage apparatus having a cache memory with a first area and a second area and a disk unit for storing data of the cache memory. The storage apparatus writes data into the first area corresponding to area identification information included in a data storage request in response to an input of the data storage request. The data is written into the second area corresponding to area identification information included in a data storage request in response to an input of the data storage request. The data stored in the second area is copied to the first area in response to an input of a copy request for causing the data in the second area to be reflected in the first area.

Full Description:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE  
       [0001]     The present application claims priority from Japanese application JP2004-172001 filed on Jun. 10, 2004, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     The present invention relates to a cache control method for a storage system, and more particularly to an effective caching control technology that is responsive to an access from a computer or a program.  
         [0003]     Conventionally, when using the same file (logical block address) in computers or programs performing different works, an exclusive control in which a shared file is exclusively used has been performed to prevent an occurrence of a logical inconsistency. According to this technology, other programs are inhibited to access the file until an end of execution of processing such as data updating request made by a specific computer or program for the file. Accordingly, there is a method of duplicating the file and using the files with switching between a reference file and an update file alternately as disclosed in JP-A-3-266046.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0004]     While the method eliminates a conflict between the reference and the update, the number of inputs or outputs increases to the order of twice in total due to copy processing from the update file to the reference file. Furthermore, during the copy processing from the update file to the reference file, it is highly possible that an access to the reference file is inhibited, thereby deteriorating response of a program accessing the reference file. Still further, the updated file data affects storage cache information, thereby deteriorating response of other programs.  
         [0005]     Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to control a cache of a storage system from a computer to update data concurrently with referencing data. Furthermore, it is another object of the invention to reserve or release a cache with appending an identification number to the cache of the storage system from the computer. It is still another object of the invention to control writing from the cache of the storage system to a drive from the computer. It is a further object of the invention to control the storage system with a command to which an identification number is appended. It is a still further object of the invention to provide a storage system for controlling caches by the identification number.  
         [0006]     According to the present invention, the storage system performs the copy processing from the update file to the reference file, thereby reducing accesses to the storage system. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0007]      FIG. 1  is a configuration of the present invention;  
         [0008]      FIG. 2  is a general configuration of a storage system of the present invention;  
         [0009]      FIG. 3  is an operation regarding a cache area;  
         [0010]      FIG. 4  is a read command structure;  
         [0011]      FIG. 5  is a write command structure;  
         [0012]      FIG. 6  is a cache reserve command structure;  
         [0013]      FIG. 7  is a cache release command structure;  
         [0014]      FIG. 8  is an analysis flow of an instruction code;  
         [0015]      FIG. 9  is a control table structure;  
         [0016]      FIG. 10  is a cache reserve processing flow;  
         [0017]      FIG. 11  is a read processing flow;  
         [0018]      FIG. 12  is a data flow in which data is read from a drive;  
         [0019]      FIG. 13  is a data flow in which data is sent back from a cache (1);  
         [0020]      FIG. 14  is a data flow in which data is sent back from a cache (2);  
         [0021]      FIG. 15  is a write processing flow;  
         [0022]      FIG. 16  is a data flow in which write processing into the drive is withheld;  
         [0023]      FIG. 17  is a data flow in which data is written from a cache into the drive;  
         [0024]      FIG. 18  is a data flow in which data is written at the same address from a plurality of computers;  
         [0025]      FIG. 19  is a cache release processing flow in which data is reflected in a drive;  
         [0026]      FIG. 20  is a cache release processing flow in which updated data is invalidated;  
         [0027]      FIG. 21  is a data flow in which data is reflected in the drive;  
         [0028]      FIG. 22  is a flash processing flow in which data is reflected in the drive;  
         [0029]      FIG. 23  is a flash processing flow in which updated data is invalidated;  
         [0030]      FIG. 24  is a flash command structure; and  
         [0031]      FIG. 25  is a flow of a writing program. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS  
       [0032]     The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings.  
         [0033]     Referring to  FIG. 1 , there is shown a diagram of a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. Computers  101  and  102  control a storage system  103  to reference and update data. A disk  107  is an apparatus for storing data and is provided with a cache  104  since it operates at a low speed. The cache  104  is divided into a cache  105  for a computer  101  and a cache  106  for a computer  102  for a control.  
         [0034]     When the computer  101  references data and if the cache  104  contains the same data as in the disk  107 , the data is sent back from the cache  104  to the computer  101 . Unless the data is stored in the cache  104 , it is read from the disk  107  and sent back to the computer  101  and then stored in the cache  105 . If the computer  102  updates data, the updated data is stored in the cache  106  and the computer  102  makes a control as to whether the data stored in the cache  106  should be stored into the disk  107  or the updated data in the cache  106  is invalidated. If data having the same address as for the updated data is already stored in the cache  105  when the updated data in the cache  106  is stored into the disk  107 , the data having the same address in the cache  105  is invalidated, so that the updated data in the cache  106  is reflected in the cache  105 . If the updated data stored in the cache  106  is invalidated, it is only necessary to invalidate the updated data in the cache  106 .  
         [0035]     Referring to  FIG. 2 , there is shown a general configuration of a storage system to which a cache control method according to the present invention is applied. There are shown computers  201 ,  202  and a disk control apparatus  216 . A disk drive  214  is connected to the disk control apparatus  216 . The computers  201 ,  202  and the disk control apparatus  216  are connected to a network  215 . If an I/O request command is issued from the computer  201  to the disk control apparatus  216 , the disk control apparatus  216  interprets the I/O request command and makes input or output to or from the drive  214 .  
         [0036]     The disk control apparatus  216 , in further detail, comprises a network controller  203 , a control processor  204 , a memory  207 , a drive controller  205 , and a bus  206  connecting them. The network controller  203  performs control processing such as accepting an I/O command issued from the computers  201 ,  202  or informing the computers  201 ,  202  of an end of the processing and data. The drive controller  205  performs a data I/O control for a connection of the drive  214 . The network controller  203  and the drive controller  205  are enabled or disabled by the control processor  204  and a data transfer instruction is issued for the operation. Operations of the control processor  204  are described in a program or a table stored in the memory  207 .  
         [0037]     A read-control program  208  controls an input request issued from the computers  201 ,  202  and a write-control program  209  controls an output request issued from the computers  201 ,  202  as a control program. A cache reserve program  210  allocates a cache area  213  for storing data. A cache release program  211  releases the cache area  213  reserved by the cache reserve program  210 . A writing program  217  is for use in replacing a content of the cache area  213  or in writing it to the drive periodically. A flash program  218  is for use in making an instruction of writing data in the cache area to the drive. A control table  212  contains information on the cache area  213 .  
         [0038]     The cache area is for use in temporarily storing data read from the drive  214 . If there is a request for reading the same data from the computers  201 ,  202  again, the data can be rapidly sent back from the cache area  213  to the computers  201 ,  202 . If there is a write request issued from the computers  201 ,  202 , the cache area  213  is used for temporarily retaining written data therein. A completion of writing is reported to the computers  201 ,  202  when the data has been written into the cache area  213 , and therefore it is possible to make the write processing look as if it were rapidly performed. Data is written into the drive  214  with a write control activated when data is replaced from the cache area  213 , at every periodic time (at predetermined time intervals), or on the basis of a cache replacement algorithm such as a least recently used algorithm (LRU). The respective processing units and programs can be practiced by hardware. It is also possible to use virtual machines, logical servers, or logic machines, as the computers described in this embodiment. The processing units and programs can be put to practical use by programs, objects, processes, and threads.  
         [0039]     Referring to  FIG. 3 , there is shown a basic operation in a cache area  305 . It shows a condition where a program A ( 302 ) in a computer  301  and a program B ( 304 ) in a computer  303  are booted. In the cache area  305 , a cache area  307  for the program A responsive to a request from the program A ( 302 ) and a cache area  306  for the program B responsive to a request from the program B ( 304 ) are reserved as shown.  
         [0040]     Unless data requested by the program A ( 302 ) is stored in the cache area  305 , the data is read from the drive  307 , stored into the cache area  308  for the program A, and then transferred to the program A. Written data requested by the program B ( 304 ) is stored into the cache area  306  for the program B. The data stored into the cache area  306  for the program B is written into the drive  308  according to an instruction of the program B ( 304 ) or the data written into the cache area  306  for the program B is invalidated.  
         [0041]     Referring to FIGS.  4  to  7  and  FIG. 24 , there are shown examples of I/O commands for controlling the disk control apparatus. A command  401  in  FIG. 4  is for use in reading data from the storage system. A command  406  in  FIG. 5  is for use in writing data into the storage system. A command  411  in  FIG. 6  is for use in reserving a cache of the storage system. A command  416  in  FIG. 7  is for use in releasing the cache of the storage system. A command  421  in  FIG. 24  is for use in giving an instruction of writing data held in the cache into the drive.  
         [0042]     The command  401  comprises an instruction code  402 , a logical block address (LBA)  403 , a data length  404 , and an identification number  405 . The command  406  comprises an instruction code  407 , a LBA  408 , a data length  409 , an identification number  410 . The command  411  comprises an instruction code  412 , a cache identification number  413 , a cache length  414 , and a control  415 . The command  416  comprises an instruction code  417 , a cache identification number  418 , a control  419 , and a timer  420 . The command  421  comprises an instruction code  422 , a cache identification number  423 , a control  424 , and a timer  425 . The instruction codes  402 ,  407 ,  412 ,  417 , and  422  are read, write, cache reserve, cache release, and flash codes, respectively. The LBAs  403 ,  408  indicate locations of data in the drive. The data lengths  404 ,  409  indicate I/O data lengths. The cache identification numbers  405 ,  410 ,  413 ,  418 , and  423  indicate information for identifying caches to be used.  
         [0043]     The cache length  414  indicates a cache length of a cache to be reserved. The control  415  indicates control information of a cache to be reserved. With this information, data written by the command  406  can be held in the cache until a further instruction is given. The control  419  of the command  416  and the control  424  of the command  421  indicate whether updated data having been held should be reflected in the drive at a cache release and at flashing, respectively. The timers  420 ,  425  specify delayed times of the cache release and flashing, respectively. By specifying the timers, the updated data held in the cache can be reflected in the drive rapidly at a specified time. The updated data can also be invalidated at the specified time without being reflected in the drive. It has the same meaning as for resuming the content of the drive at the specified time.  
         [0044]     Referring to  FIG. 8 , there is shown a flow of processing performed when the disk control apparatus has received an instruction code. In instruction code decoding process  501 , the accepted command is decoded to take the meaning of the instruction. In step  502 , it is determined whether the instruction code is for a read request. In read processing  503 , data is read out by performing data read processing of the flow shown in  FIG. 11 . In step  504 , it is determined whether the instruction code is for a write request. In write processing  505 , data is written by performing write processing of the flow shown in  FIG. 15 . In step  506 , it is determined whether the instruction code is for a cache reserve.  
         [0045]     In cache reserve processing  507 , there is performed cache reserve processing for each identification number of the flow shown in  FIG. 10 , using the cache area and the control table shown in  FIG. 2 . In step  508 , it is determined whether the instruction code is for a cache release. In cache release processing  509 , there is performed cache release processing allocated for each identification number of the flow shown in  FIG. 19  or  FIG. 20 . In step  510 , it is checked that the instruction code is for a flash. In flash processing  511 , there is performed data flash processing of the flow shown in  FIG. 22 .  
         [0046]     Referring to  FIG. 9 , there is shown a structure of the control table in  FIG. 2 . Cache management sections  601 ,  602  are control tables corresponding to the identification numbers shown in  FIG. 4 . The cache management sections  601 ,  602  manage cache sections  604 ,  605  allocated to each identification number from a cache section  603 . Each of the cache management sections  601 ,  602  comprises a cache management identification number  608 , a cache section pointer  609 , a cache section size  610 , a hold LBA pointer  611 , a forward identification number pointer  612 , a backward identification number pointer  613 , a hold flag  614 , a timer value  624 , and a timer class  625 . The reference numerals  608  to  614 ,  624 , and  625  are units of management for each identification number.  
         [0047]     The cache identification number  608  is information for identifying an area of an allocated cache section. The cache section pointer  609  and the cache section size  610  correspond to areas for storing the pointer and the size of the allocated cache area. The timer value  624  and the timer class  625  correspond to areas for storing the time when the cache release or flash processing is performed and the timer class. The hold flag  614  indicates whether write processing into the drive should be withheld until the computer gives an instruction at the time of writing data and corresponds to an area for storing a pointer to the LBA management section holding it with the hold LBA pointer  611 . The forward identification number pointer and the backward identification number pointer are for use in connecting the cache management sections and they need be changed at an occurrence of deleting or registering a cache management section.  
         [0048]     The LBA management sections  606 ,  607  are for use in managing the cache sections where data is stored. The LBA management section comprises an update flag  615 , a logical block address  616 , a reference cache management pointer  617 , a reference cache section pointer  618 , a hold cache management pointer  619 , a hold cache section pointer  620 , a hold LBA pointer  621 , a forward LBA pointer  622 , and a backward LBA pointer  623 . The logical block address  612  is an area for storing a logical block address of data under management. The reference cache section pointer  618  and the reference cache management pointer  617  are set for a cache storing data read from the drive and data to be written into the drive. The reference cache management pointer  617  is set for the cache management section managing the cache section of the reference cache section pointer  618 . Hereinafter, the cache section managed by the reference cache section pointer and the reference cache management pointer is referred to as a reference cache. The update flag  615  corresponds to an area for indicating that the reference cache need be written into the drive. With the setting of this reference flag, data is written from the cache into the drive at the time of flash or cache release processing or by the writing program executed at predetermined time intervals.  
         [0049]     The hold cache section pointer  620  corresponds to an area for storing a pointer to the cache section holding information to be written into the drive. The hold cache management pointer  619  corresponds to an area for storing a pointer to the cache management section for managing the cache section managed by the hold cache section pointer  620 . Hereinafter, the cache section managed by the hold cache section pointer and the hold cache management pointer is referred to as a hold cache. The hold LBA pointer is for use in connecting hold caches managed by the same cache management section. If any change occurs in the hold cache management, there is a need for a change in the hold LBA pointer. The forward LBA pointer  622  and the backward LBA pointer  623  are for use in connecting the LBA management sections. There is a need for a change in these pointers if any LBA management section is deleted or registered. A single LBA management section manages a single logical block address, as well as a reference cache and a hold cache (a cache holding data withheld from writing into the drive). The reference cache in this embodiment does not update data in the disk. While the hold cache in this embodiment withholds writing into the disk, if data is written into a block absent in the hold cache, the corresponding block is read from the disk, stored into the hold cache, and sent to the computer where the write processing into the block has occurred. It is because data is accessed in units of a block in the computers and the storage system.  
         [0050]     Referring to  FIG. 10 , there is shown a flow of cache reserve processing. In cache management search process  701 , a search is carried out to see whether an object cache management section already exists. In step  702 , it is determined whether the object cache management section exists. If it already exists, the processing is terminated. If not, the control progresses to cache management section reserve process  703 . In the cache management reserve process  703 , the cache management section is reserved and initialized. At that time, the hold flag is referenced and set from the control information in the command and then the control progresses to cache section reserve process  704 . In the cache section reserve process  704 , a cache having a size specified in the command is allocated from the cache area in  FIG. 2  and set up in the cache management section.  
         [0051]     Referring to  FIG. 11 , there is shown a flow of read processing. In LBA management section search process  801 , an object LBA management section is searched for. The LBA management section search is carried out by searching for a logical block address (LBA) preset when generating the LBA management section. A result of the search is determined in step  802 . If the object LBA management section exists in the step  802 , the control progresses to step  809 . Unless the object LBA management section exists, it progresses to cache management section search process  803 . It is a case where data is read from the drive as shown in  FIG. 12 . In the cache management section search process  803 , a search is carried out to find the cache management section corresponding to a cache identification number appended to the command. Thereafter, the control progresses to step  804 . It is determined whether the object cache management section exists in the step  804  and then the control progresses to LBA management section setting process  805 . In the LBA management section setting process  805 , an object LBA management section for managing data read from a drive  1206  is generated and information on data to be read is stored. If the object LBA management section is already generated, the LBA management section is used and then the control progresses to drive read process  806 . Data corresponding to the logical block address is read from the drive in the drive read process  806  and the read data is sent back in read data transfer process  807 . In cache section write process  808 , the data read from the disk is stored in a cache section  1204  and the cache section is set as a reference cache. Then, the processing ends.  
         [0052]     If the LBA management block exists in the step  802  or if data exists in a cache  1203 , it is determined whether a hold cache exists in the object LBA management section in the step  809 . It is determined by checking that a pointer is set to the hold cache management pointer if a hold cache exists in processing shown by the write processing flow in  FIG. 15 . Unless the hold cache exists, data in the reference cache is sent back in reference cache transfer process  812 , in which data flows as shown in  FIG. 13 . If a hold cache exists, it is determined whether the cache management section of the hold cache is the same as the object cache management section in step  810 . If it is the same, data is sent back from the cache  1204  containing data of the hold cache as shown in  FIG. 14 . In other words, the held data is sent back in hold cache transfer process  811 . Unless the cache management section of the hold cache is the same as the object cache management section, it suggests that a cache  1205  contains a hold cache in  FIG. 14 . In this condition, the control progresses to step  813 . If there is not data read from the drive, namely, a reference cache in the step  813 , the control progresses to the cache management search process  803  and data is read from the drive as shown in  FIG. 12 . If there is the reference cache, data is transferred in the reference cache transfer process  812 . Whether the data read from the drive exists is determined by a status of the cache management pointer.  
         [0053]     Referring to  FIG. 15 , there is shown a write processing flow. In cache management section search process  901 , an object cache management section is searched for. The cache management section is searched for by a cache identification number stored at the time of generating the cache management section and a cache identification number appended to the command and a result of the search is determined in step  902 . Unless there is any object cache management section in the step  902 , the processing is terminated. If there is, the control progresses to LBA management section search process  903 . In the LBA management section search process  903 , a search is carried out to find an LBA management section managing an object logical block address. In this search process, the logical block address stored at the time of generating the LBA block is compared with the logical block address appended to the command during the search, and a result of the search is determined in step  904 . Unless the object LBA management section exists in the step  904 , the LBA management block for managing data to be written is reserved in LBA management section allocation process  906 . A cache storing written data is allocated from the object cache management block in cache allocation process  908  as a hold cache. Then, the control progresses to cache write process  910 , and data is stored in the cache reserved in the cache write process  910 . The data stored in the cache is determined from the hold flag set in the cache reserve processing in step  912 . If the hold flag indicates that the data should be held, the processing is terminated. In this process, data written from a computer  1202  is stored into a cache  1205  and then the processing is terminated, as shown in  FIG. 16 . Unless the hold flag indicates that the data should be held, the control progresses to step  913 . In the step  913 , it is determined whether a reference cache exists. If it exists, the control progresses to cache release process  914 . Otherwise, the control progresses to cache change process  915 . In the cache release process  914 , the reference cache is released and then the control progresses to the cache change process  915 . In the cache change process  915 , the hold cache is changed to a reference cache and then the control progresses to update flag setting process  916 . In the update flag setting process  916 , there is set an update flag, which gives an instruction to write data stored in the cache into the drive. Data with this update flag setting is written into the drive when it is replaced from the cache or by means of the writing program periodically executed.  
         [0054]     As shown in  FIG. 17 , if the cache  1205  contains data with the update flag setting, the data stored in the cache  1205  is written into the drive  1206 . If the object LBA management section exists in the step  904 , it is determined whether a hold cache exists in step  905 . If the hold cache exists, the control progresses to step  911 . It is determined whether the hold cache is managed by the object cache management section. In this process, it is determined whether data is written at the same logical block address from computers  1201  and  1202  as shown in  FIG. 18 . If the cache is managed by the object cache management section, the control progresses to cache write process  910  to update data stored in the update cache and to store the data. Unless the hold cache exists in the step  905 , the control progresses to step  907 . In the step  907 , it is determined whether the reference cache is managed by the object cache management section. If it is a cache managed by the object cache management section, the control progresses to cache change process  909 . If it is a cache not managed by the object cache management section, the control progresses to cache allocation process  908 . In the cache change process  909 , a reference cache is changed to a hold cache and then the control progresses to cache write process  910 .  
         [0055]     Referring to  FIGS. 19 and 20 , there are shown cache release processing flows. If updated data stored in the cache is reflected in the drive according to information of the control  419  shown in  FIG. 7 , processing of the flow in  FIG. 19  is performed. If the updated data stored in the cache is invalidated, processing of the flow in  FIG. 20  is performed. In cache management search  1001  in  FIG. 19  and  FIG. 20 , the cache management section for managing the cache to be released is searched for and then the control progresses to step  1002 . Unless the object cache management section exists in the step  1002 , the processing is terminated. If it exists, the control progresses to step  1014 . In the step  1014 , it is determined whether the timer  420  shown in  FIG. 7  is set.  
         [0056]     If the timer is set, the control progresses to timer setting process  1015 . In the timer setting process  1015 , a timer value and a timer class obtained from the command are set to the timer value and the timer class of the cache management section and the processing is then terminated. Unless the timer is set in the step  1014 , the control progresses to step  1013 . In the step  1013 , it is determined whether there is a hold cache to be connected to the hold LBA pointer. If there is, processing of steps  1006  to  1009  in  FIG. 19  or processing of steps  1011  to  1013  is repeated until no hold cache is found anymore. If there is no hold cache or any hold cache is found any more, the control progresses to cache release process  1004 . In step  1006  in  FIG. 19 , it is determined whether a reference cache exists. If the reference cache exists, the control progresses to reference cache release process  1007 . Otherwise, it progresses to hold cache change process  1008 . In the reference cache release process  1007 , the reference cache is released and the control progresses to the hold cache change process  1008 . In the hold cache change process  1008 , the hold cache is changed to a reference cache and then the control progresses to update flag change process  1009 . In the update flag change process  1009 , there is set an update flag for writing data of the reference cache into the drive. This causes the data in the reference cache to be written into the drive when it is replaced from the cache or by means of the writing program periodically executed. It is possible to make a plurality of data withheld from writing look as if it were rapidly reflected in the drive in the steps  1003  to  1009 .  
         [0057]     More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 21 , if data is written from the computer  1202  at the same address as for the computer  1201  (the same positional information in the storage system), the data is stored into the cache  1205 . During execution of release processing of the cache  1205 , the reference cache data in the cache  1204  is replaced (overwritten) with the updated data in the cache  1205  or the updated data is added to the reference cache. The data is then written from the cache  1204  to the drive.  
         [0058]     In the steps of  1011  to  1013  in  FIG. 20 , data withheld from writing is released without being written into the drive in the hold cache release  1011  and then the control progresses to the step  1012 . In the step  1012 , it is determined whether any reference cache exists. Unless it exists, the control progresses to the LBA management section release process  1013 . In the LBA management section release process  1013 , the LBA management section is released. In the steps  1003  and  1011  to  1013 , the data written into the drive is returned to its original state, and thereby it is possible to make the data written into the drive look as if it were completely returned rapidly. After the end of the step  1003  in  FIG. 19  and  FIG. 20 , the control progresses to cache section release process  1004 . In the cache section release process  1004 , the cache section managed by the cache management section is released and then the control progresses to cache management section release process  1005 . In the cache management section release process  1005 , the cache management section is released and the processing is terminated. It is performed on the assumption that, for example, the computer A  1201  executes online processing with reference to a database stored in the drive  1206 . The computer B  1202  is assumed to execute batch processing with reference to the database and to store a result of the execution into the cache B  1205 .  
         [0059]     After the end of the batch processing, the storage system  103  copies a result of the batch processing of the cache B  1205  into the cache A  1204  in response to a merge request from the computer B  1202 . This causes the result of the batch processing to be reflected in the database. A DB-disk block conversion table  219  in  FIG. 2  is a table in which logical locations of blocks in a database storage area are associated with physical locations of blocks in the storage system. In an input to the computer B  1202 , the cache B is used to read the database and a result of the processing is stored in the cache B. During the batch processing (until the batch processing result stored in the cache B is reflected in the cache A), it is inhibited to perform an output to the database, namely write processing into the disk storing the database. It avoids an occurrence of updating in the database during the batch processing. By using the DB-disk block conversion table  219  in  FIG. 2 , the batch processing result from the computer B  1202  is written into the cache B  1205  as a logical block of the database and a logical block address indicating the storage location in the database is converted to a physical block address indicating the storage location in the disk, by which the data can be merged into the cache A  1204  as an update for the database.  
         [0060]     Referring to  FIG. 22  and  FIG. 23 , there are shown flash processing flows. If updated data stored in the cache is reflected in the drive according to information of the control  424  shown in  FIG. 24 , the flow processing in  FIG. 22  is performed. If the updated data stored in the cache is invalidated, the flow processing in  FIG. 23  is performed. In cache management section search process  1001  in  FIG. 22  and  FIG. 23 , a search is carried out to find a cache management section for managing a cache to be released, and then the control progresses to step  1002 . In the step  1002 , the processing is terminated unless an object cache management section exists or the control progresses to step  1014  if the object cache management section exists. In the step  1014 , it is determined whether a timer  425  in  FIG. 24  is set. If the timer is set, the control progresses to timer setting process  1015 . In the timer setting process  1015 , a timer value and a timer class obtained from the command are set to the timer value and the timer class of the cache management section. Thereafter, the processing is terminated. Unless the timer is set in the step  1014 , the control progresses to step  1013 . In the step  1013 , it is determined whether there is a hold cache to be connected to the hold LBA pointer. If there is, processing of steps  1006  to  1009  in  FIG. 22  or processing of steps  1011  to  1013  in  FIG. 23  is repeated until no hold cache is found anymore. If there is no hold cache or no hold cache is found anymore, the processing is terminated.  
         [0061]     In the step  1006  in  FIG. 22 , it is determined whether a reference cache exists. If it exists, the control progresses to reference cache release process  1007 . Otherwise, it progresses to hold cache change process  1008 . In the reference cache release process  1007 , the reference cache is released and then the control progresses to the hold cache change process  1008 . In the hold cache change process  1008 , the hold cache is changed to a reference cache and then the control progresses to update flag change process  1009 . In the update flag change process  1009 , there is set an update flag for writing data of the reference cache into the drive. This causes the data of the reference cache to be written into the drive at cache replacement or by the writing program periodically executed. It is possible to make a plurality of data withheld from writing look as if it were rapidly reflected in the drive in the steps  1003  to  1009 . More specifically, as shown in  FIG. 21 , if data is written from the computer  1202  at the same address as for the computer  1201  (the same positional information in the storage system), the data is stored into the cache  1205 . During execution of release processing of the cache  1205 , the reference cache data in the cache  1204  is replaced (overwritten) with the updated data in the cache  1205  or the updated data is added to the reference cache. The data is then written from the cache  1204  to the drive.  
         [0062]     In the steps of  1011  to  1013  in  FIG. 20 , data withheld from writing is released without being written into the drive in the hold cache release process  1011  and then the control progresses to the step  1012 . In the step  1012 , it is determined whether a reference cache exists. Unless it exists, the control progresses to the LBA management section release process  1013 . In the LBA management section release process  1013 , the LBA management section is released. In the steps  1003  and  1011  to  1013 , the data written into the drive is returned to its original state, and thereby it is possible to make the data written into the drive look as if it were completely returned rapidly. After the end of the step  1003  in  FIG. 22  and  FIG. 23 , the processing is terminated.  
         [0063]     Referring to  FIG. 25 , there is shown a flow of the writing program executed at the replacement of data in the cache section managed by the cache management section and the LBA management section from the cache or executed periodically. In step  1104 , it is determined whether there is a cache management section in which a timer value is preset. If there is, the control progresses to step  1105 . Otherwise, it progresses to step  1101 . In the step  1105 , it is determined whether the preset timer has reached the setup time. If it has reached the setup time, the control progresses to step  1106 . Otherwise, it progresses to step  1101 . In the step  1106 , a timer class is determined. If it is a cache release, the control progresses to cache release process  1107 . Otherwise, it progresses to step  1108 . In the cache release process  1107 , a cache release in  FIG. 19  or  FIG. 20  is performed, without specifying the timer value in the command. Thereby, it is considered that the data has been written into the drive at the specified time. In the step  1108 , it is determined whether the timer class is flash.  
         [0064]     If the timer class is flash, the control progresses to flash processing  1109 . Otherwise, it progresses to step  1101 . In the flash process  1109 , the flash processing in  FIG. 22  or  FIG. 23  is performed, without specifying the timer value in the command. In the step  1101 , it is determined whether the reference cache is updated. The determination is made with reference to the status of the update flag. If it is not updated, the processing is terminated. If it is updated, the control progresses to drive writing process  1102 . In the drive writing process  1102 , the data of the reference cache is written into the drive and then the control progresses to update flag change process  1103 . In the update flag change process  1103 , the update flag is initialized and then the processing is terminated. As shown in  FIG. 17 , data in the cache section  1203  is written into the drive  1206 . If data is replaced from the cache, the processing starts at the step  1101 .  
         [0065]     It should be further understood by those skilled in the art that although the foregoing description has been made on embodiments of the invention, the invention is not limited thereto and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Technology Classification (CPC): 6