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### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following statement is not true regarding gel electrophoresis technique? ### ### User: (1) The presence of chromogenic substrate
1g)
give blue coloured DNA bands on the gel ### ### User: (2) Bright orange coloured bands of DNA can be observed in the gel when exposed to UV light ### ### User: (3) The process of extraction of separated DNA strands from gel is called elution. ### ### User: (4) The separated DNA fragments are stained by using ethidium bromide. ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Explanation: The use of chromogenic substrate is used during genetic engineering, not during Gel electrophoresis. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Given below are two statements
Statement I:
Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants and proposed the Laws of Inheritance.
Statement II:
Seven characters examined by Mendel in his experiment on pea plants were seed shape and colour, flower colour, pod shape and colour, flower position and stem height
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect ### ### User: (2) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct ### ### User: (3) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct ### ### User: (4) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect ### ### Assistant: Sol. Answer (3)
Explanation: Both the statements are correct ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which of the following is incorrectly matched? ### ### User: (1) Porphyra - Floridian Starch ### ### User: (2) Volvox - Starch ### ### User: (3) Ectocarpus - Fucoxanthin ### ### User: (4) Ulothrix - Mannitol ### ### Assistant: Sol. Answer (4)
Explanation: The reserve food material found in Ulothrix (Green alga) is Starch. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: XO type of sex determination can be found in : ### ### User: (1) Grasshoppers ### ### User: (2) Monkeys ### ### User: (3) Drosophila ### ### User: (4) Birds ### ### Assistant: Sol. Answer (1)
Explanation: XO type of sex determination can be found in Grasshopper. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: The appearance of recombination nodules on homologous chromosomes during meiosis characterizes: ### ### User: (1) Sites at which crossing over occurs ### ### User: (2) Terminalization ### ### User: (3) Synaptonemal complex ### ### User: (4) Bivalent ### ### Assistant: Sol. Answer (1)
Explanation: The appearance of recombination nodules on homologous chromosomes during meiosis characterizes the sites at which crossing over occurs. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which of the following is not a method of ex situ conservation? ### ### User: (1) Micropropagation ### ### User: (2) Cryopreservation ### ### User: (3) Invitro fertilization ### ### User: (4) National Parks ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Explanation: National parks are the example of in-situ conservation. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Identify the incorrect statement related to Pollination: ### ### User: (1) Flowers produce, foul odours to attract flies and beetles to get pollinated ### ### User: (2) Moths and butterflies are the most dominant pollinating agents among insects ### ### User: (3) Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants ### ### User: (4) Pollination by wind is more common amongst abiotic pollination ### ### Assistant: Answer (2)
Explanation: The most dominant pollinating agent among insects are Bees (80%). ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Given below are two statements:
Statement I:
The primary CO2 acceptor in C4 plants is phosphoenolpyruvate and is found in the mesophyll cells
Statement II:
Mesophyll cells of C4 plants lack RuBisCo enzyme. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect ### ### User: (2) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct ### ### User: (3) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct ### ### User: (4) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect ### ### Assistant: Answer (3)
Explanation: The primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is PEP and is found in the mesophyll cells, whereas Rubisco enzyme is found in the bundle sheath cells where it helps in fixing CO2 through Cs cycle. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Given below are two statements:
Statement I:
Test-4 (Code-A)
Sol. ### ### User: 112. ### ### User: Sol. ### ### User: 113. ### ### User: Sol. ### ### User: Decomposition is a process in which the detritus is degraded into simpler substances by microbes. ### ### User: Statement II:
Decomposition is faster if the detritus is rich in lignin and chitin
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : ### ### User: (1) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect ### ### User: (2) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct ### ### User: (3) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct ### ### User: (4) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Explanation: Decomposition is the process of conversion of complex organic matter into simple inorganic matter. Under different environmental conditions, the rate of decomposition may vary. If detritus is rich in lignin and chitin, the rate of decomposition is low and for nitrogen-rich detritus, the rate of decomposition is fast. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Habitat loss and fragmentation, over exploitation, alien species invasion and co-extinction are causes for: ### ### User: (1) Biodiversity loss ### ### User: (2) Natality ### ### User: (3) Population explosion ### ### User: (4) Competition ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Explanation: The evil quartet for biodiversity loss are 1. Habitat loss and fragmentation 2. Over exploitation 3. Alien species invasion 4. Co-extinction. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Hydrocolloid carrageen is obtained from: ### ### User: (1) Rhodophyceae only ### ### User: (2) Phaeophyceae only ### ### User: (3) Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae ### ### User: (4) Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Explanation: Hydrocolloid carrageen is obtained from red algae. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Girdling Experiment was performed by Plant Physiologists to identify the plant tissue through which: ### ### User: (1) for both water and food transportation ### ### User: (2) osmosis is observed ### ### User: (3) water is transported ### ### User: (4) food is transported ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Explanation: Girdling experiment demonstrates that phloem is responsible for translocation of food because the phloem is present outside the xylem, so when a ring of bark is removed from a woody plant, the woody xylem part remains intact, which causes the water and the nutrients to reach the least. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: The flowers are Zygomorphic in: ### ### User: (a) Mustard ### ### User: (b) Gulmohar ### ### User: (c) Cassia. ### ### User: (d) Datura ### ### User: (e) Chilly ### ### User: Choose the correct answer from the options given ### ### User: (4) (b), (c) Only ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Examples of zygomorphic flowers: Gulmohar and Cassia
Examples of Actinomorphic flowers: Mustard, Datura, and Chilly ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following is not true regarding the release of energy during ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis? It involves : ### ### User: (1) Movement of protons across the membrane to the stroma ### ### User: (2) Reduction of NADP to NADPH2 on the stroma side of the membrane ### ### User: (3) Breakdown of proton gradient ### ### User: (4) Breakdown of electron gradient ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Explanation: According to the chemiosmotic hypothesis, there is a breakdown of proton gradient by the movement of protons across the membrane to the stroma and reduction of NADP to NADPH2 on the stroma side of the membrane. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: The device which can remove particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant is: ### ### User: (1) Electrostatic Precipitator ### ### User: (2) Catalytic Convertor ### ### User: (3) STP ### ### User: (4) Incinerator ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) are very efficient devices which remove 99% of the particulate present in the industrial and thermal plant exhaust. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) :
Polymerase chain reaction is used in DNA amplification
Reason (R):
The ampicillin resistant gene is used as a selectable marker to check transformation
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct ### ### User: (2) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct ### ### User: (3) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) ### ### User: (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Explanation: PCR enables the amplification of billions of copies of template DNA. Antibiotic resistance genes i.e. ampicillin-resistant and tetracycline-resistant genes act as selectable markers to distinguish between transformant and non-transformant, recombinant and non-recombinant. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following plants does not show plasticity? ### ### User: (1) Buttercup ### ### User: (2) Maize ### ### User: (3) Cotton ### ### User: (4) Coriander ### ### Assistant: Answer (2)
Plants follow different pathways in response to the environment or phases of life to form different kinds of structures. The ability is called plasticity, e.g., heterophylly in cotton, coriander, and larkspur. In such plants, the leaves of the juvenile plant are different in shape from those in mature plants. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: The process of translation of mRNA to proteins begins as soon as ### ### User: (1) Both the subunit join together to bind rRNA ### ### User: (2) The tRNA is activated and the larger subunit of ribosome encounters mRNA ### ### User: (3) The small subunit of ribosome encounters mRNA ### ### User: (4) The larger subunit of ribosome encounters mRNA ### ### Assistant: Answer (3)
Explanation: The process of translation begins when the small subunit of the ribosome encounters mRNA. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Read the following statements and choose the set of correct statements
(a) Euchromatin is loosely packed chromatin
(b) Heterochromatin is transcriptionally active
(c) Histone octomer is wrapped by negatively charged DNA in nucleosome
(d) Histones are rich in lysine and arginine
(e) A typical nucleosome contains 400 bp of DNA helix
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) (b), (e) Only ### ### User: (2) (a), (c), (e) Only ### ### User: (3) (b), (d), (e) Only ### ### User: (4) (a), (c), (d) Only ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Euchromatin is loosely, lightly stained chromatin.
Heterochromatin is transcriptionally inactive.
A typical nucleosome contains 200 bp of DNA helix. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Read the following statements about the vascular bundles :
(a) In roots, xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner along the different radii.
(b) Conjoint closed vascular bundles do not possess cambium
(c) In open vascular bundles, cambium is present in between xylem and phloem
(d) The vascular bundles of dicotyledonous stem possess endarch protoxylem
(e) In monocotyledonous root, usually there are more than six xylem bundles present
Choose the correct answer from the options given below ### ### User: (1) (a) ### ### User: (2) (a) ### ### User: (3) (a), ### ### User: (4) (b) ### ### User: NA ### ### Assistant: Answer (3)
Explanation: In roots, xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner along the different radii. In open vascular bundles, cambium is present in between xylem and phloem. ### ### System: NA ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Exoskeleton of arthropods is composed of
(1) Chitin
(2) Glucosamine
(3) Cutin
(4) Cellulose
Answer (1) ### ### Assistant: The exoskeleton of arthropods is composed of Chitin. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: What is the net gain of ATP when each molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvic acid? ### ### User: (1) Two ### ### User: (2) Eight ### ### User: (3) Four ### ### User: (4) Six ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
One molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis to form 4 molecules of ATP, two are used in the activation phase, so the net gain is 2 ATP. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which of the following is not observed during the apoplastic pathway? ### ### User: (1) The movement is aided by cytoplasmic streaming ### ### User: (2) Apoplast is continuous and does not provide any barrier to water movement. ### ### User: (3) Movement of water occurs through intercellular spaces and wall of the cells ### ### User: (4) The movement does not involve crossing of the cell membrane ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Apoplastic pathway is not aided by cytoplasmic streaming.
Cytoplasmic streaming helps in symplastic pathway. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following plants shows vexillary aestivation and diadelphous stamens? ### ### User: (1) Allium cepa ### ### User: (2) Solanum nigrum ### ### User: (3) Colchicum ### ### User: (4) Pisum sativum autumnale ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Vexillary aestivation and diadelphous stamens are features of Fabaceae.
Pisum sativum belongs to Fabaceae. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: DNA polymorphism forms the basis of: ### ### User: (1) Both genetic mapping and DNA fingerprinting ### ### User: (2) Translation ### ### User: (3) Genetic mapping ### ### User: (4) DNA fingerprinting ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
DNA polymorphism is the basis of genetic mapping of the genome and DNA fingerprinting. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: What amount of energy is released from glucose during lactic acid fermentation ### ### User: (1) About 10% ### ### User: (2) Less than 7% ### ### User: (3) Approximately 15% ### ### User: (4) More than 18% ### ### Assistant: Answer (2)
Less than 7% of energy is released in lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Identify the correct set of statements: ### ### User: (a) The leaflets are modified into pointed hard thorns in Citrus and Bougainvillea ### ### User: (b) Axillary buds form slender and spirally coiled tendrils in cucumber and pumpkin ### ### User: (c) Stem is flattened and fleshy in Opuntia and modified to perform the function of leaves ### ### User: (d) Rhizophora shows vertically upward growing roots that help to get oxygen for respiration ### ### User: (e) Subaerially growing stems in grasses and strawberry help in vegetative propagation ### ### User: Choose the correct answer from the options given below : ### ### User: (1) (b), (€), (d) and (e) Only ### ### User: (2) (a), (b), (d) and (e) Only ### ### User: (3) (b) and (c) Only ### ### User: (4) (a) and (d) Only ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Adventitious buds and not leaflets are modified into pointed hard thorns in Citrus and Bougainvillea. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following statements cannot be connected to Predation? ### ### User: (1) Both the interacting species are negatively impacted ### ### User: (2) It is necessitated by nature to maintain the ecological balance ### ### User: (3) It helps in maintaining species diversity in a community ### ### User: (4) It might lead to extinction of a species ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
In Predation interaction, it is + - i.e., for the species (Host), it is beneficial, and for others (Prey), it is detrimental. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Given below are two statements: ### ### User: Statement I: Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous ### ### User: Statement II: Cleistogamy is disadvantageous as there is no chance for cross-pollination ### ### User: In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below : ### ### User: (1) Statement | is correct but Statement Il is incorrect ### ### User: (2) Statement | is incorrect but Statement II is correct ### ### User: (3) Both Statement | and Statement Il are correct ### ### User: (4) Both Statement | and Statement II are incorrect ### ### Assistant: Answer (3)
Both the statements are correct.
Cleistogamous flowers are close flowers, so they are invariably autogamous, and there is no chance of cross-pollination, reducing genetic diversity. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Production of Cucumber has increased manifold in recent years. Application of which of the following phytohormones has resulted in this increased yield as the hormone is known to produce female flowers in the plants : ### ### User: (1) Ethylene (2) Cytokinin ### ### User: (3) ABA (4) Gibberellin ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
In cucumbers, ethylene is responsible for promoting female flower production and thereby increasing the yield. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Match List- | with List- Il. ### ### User: (a) Manganese (i) Activates the enzyme catalase ### ### User: (b) Magnesium (ii) Required for pollen germination ### ### User: (€) Boron (iii) Activates enzymes of respiration ### ### User: (d) Iron (iv) Functions in splitting of water during photosynthesis ### ### User: Choose the correct answer from the options given below ### ### User: (1) (a)-(iv), (b) (i) ### ### User: (2) (a)- (iii), (b)-( ### ### User: (3) (aii), (b ### ### User: (4) (a)(iv), (b ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Iron — Activates catalase
Boron — Helps in pollen germination
Manganese — Plays a major role in splitting water and releasing oxygen during photosynthesis
Magnesium — Activates several enzymes during photosynthesis and respiration. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following never occurs during mitotic cell division? ### ### User: (1) Pairing of homologous chromosomes ### ### User: (2) Coiling and condensation of the chromatids ### ### User: (3) Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores of chromosomes ### ### User: (4) Movement of centrioles towards opposite poles ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Pairing of homologous chromosomes (Synapsis) occurs during meiosis. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: The gaseous plant growth regulator is used in plants to: ### ### User: (1) help overcome apical dominance ### ### User: (2) kill dicotyledonous weeds in the fields ### ### User: (3) speed up the malting process ### ### User: (4) promote root growth and root hair formation to increase the absorption surface ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
The gaseous plant growth regulator is ethylene, which helps in root growth and root hair absorption, therefore increasing the surface area for absorption. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Match the plant with the kind of life cycle it exhibits: ### ### User: List-l List-Il ### ### User: (a) Spirogyra (i) Dominant diploid sporophyte vascular plant, with highly reduced male or female gametophyte ### ### User: (b) Fern (ii) Dominant haploid free-living gametophyte ### ### User: (c) Funaria (iii) Dominant diploid sporophyte alternating with reduced gametophyte called prothallus ### ### User: (b) Cycas (iv) Dominant haploid leafy gametophyte alternating with partially dependent multicellular sporophyte ### ### User: Choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) (a)-(ili), (b)-(iv), (€)-(i), (d)-Cii) ### ### User: (2) (a(ii), (bi), (¢)-(), (d)-(ili) ### ### User: (3) (a) (iv),(6)-(i), (c(i), (A) (ill) ### ### User: (4) (a(ii), (&)-(ili), (€)-(iv), (d)-(i) ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
+ Spirogyra is a green alage, haplontic life cycle.
+ Fern is a pteridophyte — Life cycle shows dominant diploid sporophyte, alternating with reduced free living gametophytic stage. So its Haplo-diplontic life cycle.
+ Funaria — belongs to Bryophyta. Its a moss plant. Exhibits haplo diplontic lifecycle.
The free living haploid gametophyte bears the sporophytic plant body.
* Cycas — Gymnosperms.
Gymnosperms — exhibit dominant diploid saprophytic plant body, with highly reduced male/female gametophyte. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Which one of the following will accelerate phosphorus cycle? ### ### User: (1) Weathering of rocks ### ### User: (2) Rainfall and storms ### ### User: (3) Burning of fossil fuels ### ### User: (4) Volcanic activity ### ### Assistant: Answer (1)
Explanation: Phosphorus is obtained from the weathering of phosphate-rich rocks, which accelerates the phosphorus cycle. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: Match List - I with List - II. ### ### User: List-I
(a) Metacentric chromosome
(b) Acrocentric chromosome
(c) Sub-metacentric chromosome
(d) Telocentric chromosome ### ### User: List-II
(i) Centromere situated close to the end forming one extremely short and one very long arm
(ii) Centromere at the terminal end
(iii) Centromere in the middle forming two equal arms
(iv) Centromere slightly away from the middle forming one shorter arm and one longer arm ### ### User: Choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) (a)-(ii), (b)-(iii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i) ### ### User: (2) (a)-(i), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iii), (d)-(iv) ### ### User: (3) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii) ### ### User: (4) (a)-(i), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(iii) ### ### Assistant: Answer (3)
(a) Metacentric chromosome - (iii) Centromere in the middle forming two equal arms of the chromosome
(b) Acrocentric chromosome - (i) Centromere is close to the end, forms one very short arm and one very long arm.
(c) Sub-metacentric chromosome - (iv) Centromere is slightly away from the middle, resulting in one shorter arm and one longer arm.
(d) Telocentric chromosome - (ii) Centromere is located at the terminal end. ### |
### System: You are a medical specialist whose job is to answer biology questions. Only answer if you are completely sure that the information given is accurate. Refuse to answer otherwise. Make sure your answers are concise. ### ### User: The anatomy of springwood shows some peculiar features. Identify the correct set of statements about springwood. ### ### User: (a) It is also called as the earlywood ### ### User: (b) In spring season cambium produces xylem elements with narrow vessels ### ### User: (c) It is lighter in colour ### ### User: (d) The springwood along with autumnwood shows alternate concentric rings forming annual rings ### ### User: (e) It has lower density ### ### User: Choose the correct answer from the options given below: ### ### User: (1) (a), (b) and (d) Only ### ### User: (2) (c), (d) and (e) Only ### ### User: (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) Only ### ### User: (4) (a), (e), (d) and (e) Only ### ### Assistant: Answer (4)
Based on the activity of cambium, in temperate regions, two types of woods are conspicuously seen. Cambium is more active during the spring season, producing a large number of xylary elements with wide cavities and low density. During winters, cambium is less active, producing narrow xylary elements which are more dense—Autumn wood. Autumn wood is also called latewood. One ring of springwood, one ring of autumn wood as alternate concentric rings forms one annual ring. ### |
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