README.md

---
annotations_creators:
- crowdsourced
- expert-generated
language:
- en
license:
- apache-2.0
multilinguality:
- monolingual
size_categories:
- 100M<n<1B
task_categories:
- other
pretty_name: P3
dataset_info:
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_answer_the_following_q
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18313753
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1791034
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6288641
  dataset_size: 20104787
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_based_on
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 17580553
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1717566
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6206744
  dataset_size: 19298119
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_generate_question
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18552810
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1824231
    num_examples: 1000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1954952
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 5882604
  dataset_size: 22331993
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 16859685
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1646118
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6180363
  dataset_size: 18505803
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_tell_what_it_is
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 17793277
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1739418
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6276720
  dataset_size: 19532695
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_answer_the_following_q
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18273217
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1797789
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6321670
  dataset_size: 20071006
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_based_on
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 17539777
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1724577
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6247591
  dataset_size: 19264354
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_generate_question
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18508967
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1830585
    num_examples: 1000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1925723
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 5983857
  dataset_size: 22265275
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_question_context_answer
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 16821505
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1652425
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6292806
  dataset_size: 18473930
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_tell_what_it_is
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 17755161
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1745717
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6250903
  dataset_size: 19500878
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_answer_the_following_q
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18084393
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1798375
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6223439
  dataset_size: 19882768
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_based_on
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 17352073
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1725151
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6202901
  dataset_size: 19077224
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_generate_question
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 18257414
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1828966
    num_examples: 1000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1997556
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 5928633
  dataset_size: 22083936
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_question_context_answer
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 16638393
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1653815
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6193786
  dataset_size: 18292208
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_tell_what_it_is
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 17571837
    num_examples: 10000
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 1747043
    num_examples: 1000
  download_size: 6152157
  dataset_size: 19318880
- config_name: ag_news_classify
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 79459523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 5007082
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 37504540
  dataset_size: 84466605
- config_name: ag_news_classify_question_first
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 79339523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 4999482
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 37311664
  dataset_size: 84339005
- config_name: ag_news_classify_with_choices
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 91699523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 5782282
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 38377186
  dataset_size: 97481805
- config_name: ag_news_classify_with_choices_question_first
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 91699523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 5782282
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 38318638
  dataset_size: 97481805
- config_name: ag_news_recommend
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 94039523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 5930482
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 38368116
  dataset_size: 99970005
- config_name: ag_news_which_section
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 83899523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 5288282
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 37893964
  dataset_size: 89187805
- config_name: ag_news_which_section_choices
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 100099523
    num_examples: 120000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 6314282
    num_examples: 7600
  download_size: 39167925
  dataset_size: 106413805
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_heres_a_problem
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 870695
    num_examples: 1119
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 237526
    num_examples: 299
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 929144
    num_examples: 1172
  download_size: 796298
  dataset_size: 2037365
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_i_am_hesitating
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1063080
    num_examples: 1119
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 290313
    num_examples: 299
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1135794
    num_examples: 1172
  download_size: 1087298
  dataset_size: 2489187
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_multiple_choice
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1079865
    num_examples: 1119
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 294798
    num_examples: 299
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1153374
    num_examples: 1172
  download_size: 1096748
  dataset_size: 2528037
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_false_options
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 965402
    num_examples: 1119
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 263171
    num_examples: 299
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1032956
    num_examples: 1172
  download_size: 1043688
  dataset_size: 2261529
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_the_most_correct_option
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 812508
    num_examples: 1119
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 221981
    num_examples: 299
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 868204
    num_examples: 1172
  download_size: 791475
  dataset_size: 1902693
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_qa_options
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 815781
    num_examples: 1119
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 224234
    num_examples: 299
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 876782
    num_examples: 1172
  download_size: 1044349
  dataset_size: 1916797
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_heres_a_problem
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1585434
    num_examples: 2251
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 402833
    num_examples: 570
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1680740
    num_examples: 2376
  download_size: 1372031
  dataset_size: 3669007
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_i_am_hesitating
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1893561
    num_examples: 2251
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 479155
    num_examples: 570
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 2003593
    num_examples: 2376
  download_size: 1829256
  dataset_size: 4376309
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_multiple_choice
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1927326
    num_examples: 2251
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 487705
    num_examples: 570
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 2039233
    num_examples: 2376
  download_size: 1833872
  dataset_size: 4454264
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_false_options
  features:
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1702829
    num_examples: 2251
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 431949
    num_examples: 570
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1803223
    num_examples: 2376
  download_size: 1773690
  dataset_size: 3938001
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_the_most_correct_option
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1468388
    num_examples: 2251
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 373194
    num_examples: 570
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1557195
    num_examples: 2376
  download_size: 1359858
  dataset_size: 3398777
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_qa_options
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 1396090
    num_examples: 2251
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 353185
    num_examples: 570
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 1478497
    num_examples: 2376
  download_size: 1744673
  dataset_size: 3227772
- config_name: amazon_polarity_Is_this_product_review_positive
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 3657525221
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 406170885
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 2087209082
  dataset_size: 4063696106
- config_name: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 3691725225
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 409970885
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 2092135054
  dataset_size: 4101696110
- config_name: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review_negative
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 3596325225
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 399370885
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 2088926047
  dataset_size: 3995696110
- config_name: amazon_polarity_User_recommend_this_product
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 3647231922
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 405019064
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 1970470915
  dataset_size: 4052250986
- config_name: amazon_polarity_convey_negative_or_positive_sentiment
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 3853725225
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 427970885
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 2107131644
  dataset_size: 4281696110
- config_name: amazon_polarity_flattering_or_not
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 4156125225
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 461570885
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 2121811218
  dataset_size: 4617696110
- config_name: amazon_polarity_negative_or_positive_tone
  features:
  - name: answer_choices
    sequence: string
  - name: inputs
    sequence: int32
  - name: inputs_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  - name: targets
    sequence: int32
  - name: targets_pretokenized
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 3983325221
    num_examples: 3600000
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 442370885
    num_examples: 400000
  download_size: 2105973069
  dataset_size: 4425696106
configs:
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_answer_the_following_q
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_answer_the_following_q/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_answer_the_following_q/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_based_on
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_based_on/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_based_on/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_generate_question
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_generate_question/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_generate_question/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_generate_question/test-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_question_context_answer/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbert_tell_what_it_is
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_tell_what_it_is/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbert_tell_what_it_is/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_answer_the_following_q
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_answer_the_following_q/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_answer_the_following_q/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_based_on
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_based_on/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_based_on/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_generate_question
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_generate_question/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_generate_question/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_generate_question/test-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_question_context_answer
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_question_context_answer/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_question_context_answer/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_tell_what_it_is
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_tell_what_it_is/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_dbidaf_tell_what_it_is/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_answer_the_following_q
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_answer_the_following_q/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_answer_the_following_q/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_based_on
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_based_on/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_based_on/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_generate_question
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_generate_question/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_generate_question/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_generate_question/test-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_question_context_answer
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_question_context_answer/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_question_context_answer/validation-*
- config_name: adversarial_qa_droberta_tell_what_it_is
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_tell_what_it_is/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: adversarial_qa_droberta_tell_what_it_is/validation-*
- config_name: ag_news_classify
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_classify/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_classify/test-*
- config_name: ag_news_classify_question_first
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_classify_question_first/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_classify_question_first/test-*
- config_name: ag_news_classify_with_choices
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_classify_with_choices/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_classify_with_choices/test-*
- config_name: ag_news_classify_with_choices_question_first
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_classify_with_choices_question_first/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_classify_with_choices_question_first/test-*
- config_name: ag_news_recommend
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_recommend/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_recommend/test-*
- config_name: ag_news_which_section
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_which_section/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_which_section/test-*
- config_name: ag_news_which_section_choices
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ag_news_which_section_choices/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ag_news_which_section_choices/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_heres_a_problem
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_heres_a_problem/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_heres_a_problem/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_heres_a_problem/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_i_am_hesitating
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_i_am_hesitating/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_i_am_hesitating/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_i_am_hesitating/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_multiple_choice
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_multiple_choice/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_multiple_choice/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_multiple_choice/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_false_options
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_false_options/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_false_options/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_false_options/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_the_most_correct_option
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_the_most_correct_option/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_the_most_correct_option/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_pick_the_most_correct_option/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_qa_options
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_qa_options/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_qa_options/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Challenge_qa_options/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_heres_a_problem
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_heres_a_problem/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_heres_a_problem/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_heres_a_problem/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_i_am_hesitating
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_i_am_hesitating/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_i_am_hesitating/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_i_am_hesitating/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_multiple_choice
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_multiple_choice/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_multiple_choice/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_multiple_choice/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_false_options
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_false_options/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_false_options/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_false_options/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_the_most_correct_option
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_the_most_correct_option/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_the_most_correct_option/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_pick_the_most_correct_option/test-*
- config_name: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_qa_options
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_qa_options/train-*
  - split: validation
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_qa_options/validation-*
  - split: test
    path: ai2_arc_ARC_Easy_qa_options/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_Is_this_product_review_positive
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_Is_this_product_review_positive/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_Is_this_product_review_positive/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review_negative
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review_negative/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_Is_this_review_negative/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_User_recommend_this_product
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_User_recommend_this_product/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_User_recommend_this_product/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_convey_negative_or_positive_sentiment
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_convey_negative_or_positive_sentiment/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_convey_negative_or_positive_sentiment/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_flattering_or_not
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_flattering_or_not/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_flattering_or_not/test-*
- config_name: amazon_polarity_negative_or_positive_tone
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: amazon_polarity_negative_or_positive_tone/train-*
  - split: test
    path: amazon_polarity_negative_or_positive_tone/test-*
---

# Dataset Card for P3

## Table of Contents
- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
  - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
  - [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
  - [Languages](#languages)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
  - [Data Instances](#data-instances)
  - [Data Fields](#data-fields)
  - [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
  - [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
  - [Source Data](#source-data)
  - [Annotations](#annotations)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
  - [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
  - [Citation Information](#citation-information)
  - [Contributions](#contributions)

## Dataset Description

- **Homepage:** https://bigscience.huggingface.co/promptsource
- **Repository:** https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/promptsource/
- **Paper:** [Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalization](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.08207)
- **Point of Contact:** [Victor Sanh](mailto:victor@huggingface.co)

### Dataset Summary

P3 (Public Pool of Prompts) is a collection of prompted English datasets covering a diverse set of NLP tasks. A prompt is the combination of an input template and a target template. The templates are functions mapping a data example into natural language for the input and target sequences. For example, in the case of an NLI dataset, the data example would include fields for *Premise, Hypothesis, Label*. An input template would be *If {Premise} is true, is it also true that {Hypothesis}?*, whereas a target template can be defined with the label choices *Choices[label]*. Here *Choices* is prompt-specific metadata that consists of the options *yes, maybe, no* corresponding to *label* being entailment (0), neutral (1) or contradiction (2).

Prompts are collected using [Promptsource](https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/promptsource), an interface to interactively write prompts on datasets, and collect prompt-specific metadata such as evaluation metrics. As of October 13th, there are 2'000 prompts collected for 270+ data(sub)sets. The collection of prompts of P3 is publicly available on [Promptsource](https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/promptsource).

To train [T0*](https://huggingface.co/bigscience/T0pp), we used a subset of the prompts available in Promptsource (see details [here](https://huggingface.co/bigscience/T0pp#training-data)). However, some of the prompts use `random.choice`, a method that selects uniformly at random an option in a list of valid possibilities. For reproducibility purposes, we release the collection of prompted examples used to train T0*. **The data available here are the materialized version of the prompted datasets used in [Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalization](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.08207) which represent only a subset of the datasets for which there is at least one prompt in Promptsource.**

### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

The tasks represented in P3 cover a diverse set of NLP tasks including multiple-choice QA, sentiment analysis or natural language inference. We detail the full list of datasets in [Source Data](#source-data).

### Languages

The data in P3 are in English (BCP-47 `en`).

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances

An example of "train" looks as follows:
```bash
{
  'answer_choices': ['safe', 'trolley'],
  'inputs': [86, 8, 7142, 666, 6, 405, 8, 3, 834, 1518, 21, 1346, 42, 31682, 58, 37, 3, 929, 9, 3042, 63, 2765, 808, 8, 2045, 6448, 326, 13, 8, 31682, 11, 3, 24052, 135, 16, 8, 1346, 552, 8, 3, 834, 47, 6364, 5], 'inputs_pretokenized': 'In the sentence below, does the _ stand for safe or trolley?\nThe treasury workers took the gold bars off of the trolley and stacked them in the safe until the _ was empty.',
  'targets': [31682, 1],
  'targets_pretokenized': '\ntrolley'
}
```

In the case of rank classification (letting the model select its the prediction the option with the highest log-likelihood), an example looks as follows:
```bash
{
  'idx': [5, 0],
  'inputs': [86, 8, 7142, 666, 6, 405, 8, 3, 834, 1518, 21, 19454, 42, 22227, 58, 19454, 744, 31, 17, 2112, 4553, 17742, 7, 12, 1953, 6, 298, 22227, 966, 373, 405, 5, 3, 834, 19, 72, 952, 12, 619, 16, 3, 9, 17742, 3298, 5],
  'inputs_pretokenized': "In the sentence below, does the _ stand for Kyle or Logan?\nKyle doesn't wear leg warmers to bed, while Logan almost always does. _ is more likely to live in a warmer climate.",
  'is_correct': True,
  'targets': [19454, 1],
  'targets_pretokenized': 'Kyle',
  'weight': 1.0
}
```

To check all the prompted examples, you can use the [Promptsource hosted tool](http://bigscience.huggingface.co/promptsource) and choose the `Prompted dataset viewer` mode in the left panel.


### Data Fields

The data fields are the same among all splits:
- `answer_choices`: the choices (in natural language) available to the model
- `inputs_pretokenized`: the natural language input fed to the model
- `targets_pretokenized`: the natural language target that the model has to generate
- `inputs`: the tokenized input with [T5](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-v1_1-base)'s tokenizer
- `targets`: the tokenized target with [T5](https://huggingface.co/google/t5-v1_1-base)'s tokenizer
- `idx`: identifier of the (example, answer_option_id) in the case of rank classification
- `weight`: a weight for the example produced by seqio (always set to 1.0 in practise)
- `is_correct`: whether the (example, answer_option_id) is the correct one

### Data Splits

The list of data splits and their respective sizes is very long. You'll find the whole list in this [file](https://huggingface.co/datasets/bigscience/P3/blob/main/tasks_splits_and_features.py).

## Dataset Creation

### Curation Rationale

The Public Pool of Prompts relies on the Hugging Face Dataset library. Any public dataset in the Datasets library can be prompted. We select the datasets that have at least one subset in English and excluded datasets containing (predominantly) non-natural language examples.

We conservatively decided not to prompt datasets that contain potentially harmful content (for instance, datasets built on social media content). However, we sometimes prompt datasets that are purposefully built to measure bias and fairness of trained models, and reserve these prompted datasets (the validation or test sets) for evaluation purposes.

### Source Data

Here's the full list of the datasets present in the materialized version of P3:
- Multiple-Choice QA
  - CommonsenseQA
  - DREAM
  - QUAIL
  - QuaRTz
  - Social IQA
  - WiQA
  - Cosmos
  - QASC
  - Quarel
  - SciQ
  - Wiki Hop
  - ARC
  - OpenBookQA
  - MultiRC
  - PIQA
  - RACE
  - HellaSwag
  - BoolQ
- Extractive QA
  - Adversarial QA
  - Quoref
  - DuoRC
  - ROPES
  - SQuAD v2
  - ReCoRD
- Close-book QA
  - Hotpot QA
  - Wiki QA
  - Trivia QA
  - Web Questions
- Structure-to-text
  - Common Gen
  - Wiki Bio
- Sentiment
  - Amazon
  - App Reviews
  - IMDB
  - Rotten Tomatoes
  - Yelp
- Summarization
  - CNN Daily Mail
  - Gigaword
  - MultiNews
  - SamSum
  - XSum
- Topic Classification
  - AG News
  - DBPedia
  - TREC
- Paraphrase Identification
  - MRPC
  - PAWS
  - QQP
- Natural Language Inference
  - ANLI
  - CB
  - RTE
- Coreference Resolution
  - WSC
  - Winogrande
- Word Sense disambiguation
  - WiC
- Sentence Completion
  - COPA
  - HellaSwag
  - Story Cloze

### Annotations

The prompts available in Promptsource are collected as part of BigScience, one-year long research workshop on large multilingual models and datasets. 36 contributors affiliated with 24 institutions in 8 countries participated to the prompt collection. Contributors are in majority machine learning researchers or machine learning engineers.

The main annotation guideline was that prompts needed to be grammatical and understandable by a native English speaker with no prior experience of the tasks. Additionally, prompts that required explicit counting or numerical indexing were removed in favor of natural language variants, e.g., instead of predicting indices of a span to extract (e.g. in extractive question answering), the model was expected to copy the span's text instead. With these minimal constraints, prompt writers were encouraged to use both formal and creative prompts and various orderings of the data. Most of the prompts correspond directly to a version of the original proposed task, although we also allowed prompts that permuted the original task (for instance, generating a document from its summary) or allowed for ambiguous output (for instance, not indicating a list of available choices).

The full annotation given to the contributors can be found [here](https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/promptsource/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md). *Note to self: the link is currently being updated with the)

## Additional Information

### Licensing Information

The dataset is released under Apache 2.0.

### Citation Information

```bibtex
@misc{sanh2021multitask,
      title={Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalization},
      author={Victor Sanh and Albert Webson and Colin Raffel and Stephen H. Bach and Lintang Sutawika and Zaid Alyafeai and Antoine Chaffin and Arnaud Stiegler and Teven Le Scao and Arun Raja and Manan Dey and M Saiful Bari and Canwen Xu and Urmish Thakker and Shanya Sharma Sharma and Eliza Szczechla and Taewoon Kim and Gunjan Chhablani and Nihal Nayak and Debajyoti Datta and Jonathan Chang and Mike Tian-Jian Jiang and Han Wang and Matteo Manica and Sheng Shen and Zheng Xin Yong and Harshit Pandey and Rachel Bawden and Thomas Wang and Trishala Neeraj and Jos Rozen and Abheesht Sharma and Andrea Santilli and Thibault Fevry and Jason Alan Fries and Ryan Teehan and Stella Biderman and Leo Gao and Tali Bers and Thomas Wolf and Alexander M. Rush},
      year={2021},
      eprint={2110.08207},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.LG}
}
```

### Contributions

Thanks to the contributors of [promptsource](https://github.com/bigscience-workshop/promptsource/graphs/contributors) for adding this dataset.