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stringlengths 12
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stringlengths 12
1.36k
| choices
sequence | answerKey
stringclasses 2
values | para
stringclasses 81
values | para_id
stringclasses 81
values | para_anno
dict | question_anno
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QRQA-10226-1 | If a moving object slows down, it will have _____ less kinetic energy. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, and the faster it is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. | QRSent-10226 | {
"effect_prop": "kinetic energy it has",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed of anything that is moving"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "moving object",
"more_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_cause_dir": "kinetic energy"
} |
QRQA-10361-1-flip | As Milo moves his finger away from his eyes, how does the perceived movement of his finger change? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The closer your finger is to your eyes, the greater the position changes because of parallax. | QRSent-10361 | {
"effect_prop": "position changes",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer your finger is to your eyes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "his finger",
"more_effect_prop": "perceived position change",
"less_effect_prop": "perceived position change",
"less_cause_dir": "perceived position change"
} |
QRQA-10311-1 | Here are the paraphrased versions:
Don was swimming in the ocean and decided to dive deeper. As Don descended, he noticed that the water got | {
"text": [
"darker",
"lighter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The deeper you go, the darker the water gets. | QRSent-10311 | {
"effect_prop": "dark",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "darker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deep"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "darker",
"less_effect_dir": "lighter",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "the water",
"less_effect_prop": "the water",
"less_cause_dir": "the water"
} |
QRQA-10049-2-flip | Willy used his rough new board to skateboard. Heather rode his old one, which was smoother. Who experienced less friction while riding? | {
"text": [
"Willy",
"Heather"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Friction is greater when objects have rougher surfaces or are heavier so they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10049 | {
"effect_prop": "objects rougher surfaces",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "rougher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "rough",
"less_effect_dir": "smoother",
"less_cause_prop": "friction",
"more_effect_prop": "skateboard",
"less_effect_prop": "skateboard",
"less_cause_dir": "skateboard"
} |
QRQA-10006-2 | Here's a paraphrased version of the text:
As an oncologist, John understood the importance of early diagnosis. Rapid detection of cancer significantly improves the chances of successful | {
"text": [
"Easier",
"Harder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The sooner cancer is detected the easier it is to treat. | QRSent-10006 | {
"effect_prop": "treatment",
"cause_dir_str": "sooner",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "quickly"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Easier",
"less_effect_dir": "Harder",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "cancer treatment",
"less_effect_prop": "cancer treatment",
"less_cause_dir": "cancer treatment"
} |
QRQA-10267-1 | Ron purchased a tree with narrow leaves. These areas have a smaller surface area so less water vapour is lost. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Leaves can have the following adaptations to reduce transpiration rate: Small or narrow leaves to reduce the surface area over which water vapour is lost | QRSent-10267 | {
"effect_prop": "surface area over which water vapour is lost",
"cause_dir_str": "narrow",
"effect_dir_str": "reduce",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "narrow leaves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "water vapor is lost",
"less_effect_prop": "water vapor is lost",
"less_cause_dir": "water vapor is lost"
} |
QRQA-10347-5 | Is a 100-pound box more or less difficult to shove than a 10-pound box? | {
"text": [
"harder",
"easier"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Heavier objects also have more friction because they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10347 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "heavier",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "weight"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "harder",
"less_effect_dir": "easier",
"less_cause_prop": "box",
"more_effect_prop": "to shove",
"less_effect_prop": "to shove",
"less_cause_dir": "to shove"
} |
QRQA-10044-4-flip | If Mona is speaking to Milo in a soft tone and reduces the volume of her voice, how will it affect the loudness of what he hears? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Amplified sound waves have more energy, which increases the intensity and loudness of the sounds, so they are easier to hear. | QRSent-10044 | {
"effect_prop": "loudness of the sounds",
"cause_dir_str": "amplified",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Amplified sound waves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "the amplification",
"more_effect_prop": "loudness level of her voice",
"less_effect_prop": "loudness level of her voice",
"less_cause_dir": "loudness level of her voice"
} |
QRQA-10308-3 | John was monitoring a circuit breaker's performance to determine if it would trip. He observed that as the current rises, the electromagnet grows | {
"text": [
"Stronger",
"Weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If the current passing through the circuit breaker increases, the electromagnet becomes stronger. | QRSent-10308 | {
"effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "current"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "Weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"less_effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"less_cause_dir": "electromagnet"
} |
QRQA-10219-4 | Will ran in a race. His pulse rate increases, providing more oxygen to his cells. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This causes the delivery of less oxygen to the cells, and this stimulates the heart rate via adrenalin, so that pulse rate increases in an effort to deliver enough oxygen to cells. | QRSent-10219 | {
"effect_prop": "oxygen to cells",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pulse rate"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "oxygen",
"less_effect_prop": "oxygen",
"less_cause_dir": "oxygen"
} |
QRQA-10179-4-flip | Sarah is traveling, and notices that continents get smaller when they are closer to the pole | {
"text": [
"closer",
"further"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a Mercator projection, because Greenland is closer to the pole, the continents shape and size are greatly increased. | QRSent-10179 | {
"effect_prop": "size",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "close to pole"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "distance",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "continent",
"less_cause_dir": "continent"
} |
QRQA-10159-1-flip | Mike realized that his group members were dying off more quickly due to the fact that their food was | {
"text": [
"better",
"worse"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | With better food and less chance of disease, the death rate fell. | QRSent-10159 | {
"effect_prop": "death rate",
"cause_dir_str": "better",
"effect_dir_str": "fell",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "food"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "dying sooner",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "food",
"more_effect_prop": "people",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10324-5-flip | With the naked eye, rather than through a telescope, what can we see in space? | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | What this means is that at higher magnification, we are able to see objects of smaller and smaller size within our field of view. | QRSent-10324 | {
"effect_prop": "visibility",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "able",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "see",
"less_effect_prop": "see",
"less_cause_dir": "see"
} |
QRQA-10397-3-flip | What does a decrease in the frequency of Milo's electromagnetic wave indicate about its energy? | {
"text": [
"it's increasing",
"it's decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The higher the frequency of an electromagnetic wave, the greater its energy. | QRSent-10397 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency of an electromagnetic wave"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increasing",
"less_effect_dir": "decreasing",
"less_cause_prop": "frequency",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10191-4 | As Mona fills balloons with helium and adds more, what is the effect on the space available for the molecules to move around? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When a gas is squeezed into a smaller volume, the particles have less space to move. | QRSent-10191 | {
"effect_prop": "space to move",
"cause_dir_str": "smaller",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "gas is squeezed into a smaller volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "space",
"less_effect_prop": "space",
"less_cause_dir": "space"
} |
QRQA-10273-5 | What is the impact on the growth rate if the population of Milo's country starts to increase in size? | {
"text": [
"it decreases",
"it increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | With exponential growth, the population starts out growing slowly. As population size increases, the growth rate also increases. | QRSent-10273 | {
"effect_prop": "growth rate",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "population size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "growth rate",
"less_effect_prop": "growth rate",
"less_cause_dir": "growth rate"
} |
QRQA-10214-5 | Jan is reducing her carbon footprint by biking to work instead of driving, which results in lower amounts of | {
"text": [
"greater",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The carbon taxes encourage people to use less fossil fuel, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions. | QRSent-10214 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "reduces",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "fossil fuel use"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "fossil fuels",
"more_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"less_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"less_cause_dir": "carbon dioxide emissions"
} |
QRQA-10361-2-flip | The parallax levels in a rifle scope generally change as distance from the target increases | {
"text": [
"decrease",
"increase"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The closer your finger is to your eyes, the greater the position changes because of parallax. | QRSent-10361 | {
"effect_prop": "parallax",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "parallax levels",
"less_effect_prop": "parallax levels",
"less_cause_dir": "parallax levels"
} |
QRQA-10139-3-flip | If Mona lowers her radio volume and reduces the height of the soundwave's peaks, how does the amplitude change? | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the crests are, the greater the amplitude of the wave. | QRSent-10139 | {
"effect_prop": "amplitude of the wave",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "higher the crests"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "crests",
"more_effect_prop": "Soundwave",
"less_effect_prop": "Soundwave",
"less_cause_dir": "Soundwave"
} |
QRQA-10292-2 | Micah prefers a base that is less strong. The number of hydroxide ions produced will thus | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A stronger base produces more hydroxide ions than a weaker base. | QRSent-10292 | {
"effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "strong base"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "base",
"more_effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"less_effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"less_cause_dir": "hydroxide ions"
} |
QRQA-10381-3 | When resistors are connected in parallel, what happens to the resistance? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Increasing the number of resistors connected in parallel decreases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10381 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors in parallel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10282-1 | Derek requires the ability to read tiny text, so he grabs a curved lens magnifying glass, which is capable of magnification | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more curved the convex lens is in a magnifying glass, the greater its ability to magnify objects. | QRSent-10282 | {
"effect_prop": "magnification",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curved the lens"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "magnify",
"less_effect_prop": "magnify",
"less_cause_dir": "magnify"
} |
QRQA-10137-5-flip | What happens to the size of Mona's arteries when she examines the ones closer to her heart? | {
"text": [
"smaller",
"larger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Further away from the heart, the aorta branches into smaller arteries, which eventually branch into capillaries. | QRSent-10137 | {
"effect_prop": "aorta branches into smaller arteries",
"cause_dir_str": "further away",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Further away from the heart"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "heart",
"more_effect_prop": "size of arteries",
"less_effect_prop": "size of arteries",
"less_cause_dir": "size of arteries"
} |
QRQA-10185-2 | What happens to individual animals as their population increases? | {
"text": [
"grow bigger",
"shrink"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In exponential growth as the population size increases, the growth rate also increases. | QRSent-10185 | {
"effect_prop": "growth rate",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "population increase"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "grow bigger",
"less_effect_dir": "shrink",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "animal",
"less_effect_prop": "animal",
"less_cause_dir": "animal"
} |
QRQA-10214-4-flip | When cigarette taxes were low, the smoking rate | {
"text": [
"increased",
"decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The carbon taxes encourage people to use less fossil fuel, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions. | QRSent-10214 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "reduces",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "taxes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "taxed",
"more_effect_prop": "smoking",
"less_effect_prop": "smoking",
"less_cause_dir": "smoking"
} |
QRQA-10067-2 | What is the effect on the gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun if the Earth's orbit moves closer to the Sun? | {
"text": [
"it increases",
"it decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the gravitational force of attraction between the Earth and Sun is stronger when the Earth is closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10067 | {
"effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer to the Sun"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational force"
} |
QRQA-10047-3 | Evan is a farmer and needs to plant on a slope. To reduce runoff, he should opt for a slope that is | {
"text": [
"steeper",
"gentler"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A gentle slope favours slower flow of surface water, reduces erosion, and increases availability of water to plants. | QRSent-10047 | {
"effect_prop": "flow of surface water",
"cause_dir_str": "gentle",
"effect_dir_str": "slower",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "slope"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "slower flow",
"less_cause_prop": "slope",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10347-4 | Tina's weight increased over the past year. Her ground friction also | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Heavier objects also have more friction because they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10347 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "heavier",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heavier objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10196-4 | John was monitoring the patient's blood pressure and other vital signs, noting that as the blood volume decreased, the pressure | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This is because the lower blood volume in the vessels exerts less pressure on the vessel walls. | QRSent-10196 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "blood volume",
"more_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "pressure"
} |
QRQA-10234-3-flip | When younger, people are typically | {
"text": [
"healthier",
"sicker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Many diseases become more common as people grow older. | QRSent-10234 | {
"effect_prop": "diseases",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "more common",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "sicker",
"less_effect_dir": "healthier",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "people",
"less_effect_prop": "people",
"less_cause_dir": "people"
} |
QRQA-10091-3-flip | Something that is smaller and moving will have _____ energy than something stationary and small. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Therefore, an object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass, even if their individual atoms are moving at the same speed. | QRSent-10091 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "mass",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10169-4-flip | William observes a country's rapid decline. Does the future hold more or less water availability? | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The availability of water is projected to get worse as demand increases. | QRSent-10169 | {
"effect_prop": "availability of water",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "worse",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "demand of water"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "country",
"more_effect_prop": "availability of water",
"less_effect_prop": "availability of water",
"less_cause_dir": "availability of water"
} |
QRQA-10288-5-flip | If Mona removes carbon atoms from her alkane, how does the boiling point change? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally have higher boiling and melting points. | QRSent-10288 | {
"effect_prop": "higher boiling and melting points",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "higher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "carbon atoms"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "carbon",
"more_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_cause_dir": "boiling point"
} |
QRQA-10203-3 | If everyone relied on single-use plastics the waste would | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Using less nonrenewable resources means that they will last longer. | QRSent-10203 | {
"effect_prop": "waste",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "renewable resources"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "waste",
"less_effect_prop": "waste",
"less_cause_dir": "waste"
} |
QRQA-10078-3-flip | Which soccer ball will have the least acceleration after being kicked by Milton? | {
"text": [
"blue soccer ball",
"red soccer ball"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. | QRSent-10078 | {
"effect_prop": "acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "net force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "blue soccer ball",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_cause_dir": "acceleration"
} |
QRQA-10379-1 | Dean held two magnets at arm's length, but didn't feel any attraction between them until they were | {
"text": [
"further",
"closer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The smaller the distance between the objects, the greater the force of magnetic attraction. | QRSent-10379 | {
"effect_prop": "magnetic attraction",
"cause_dir_str": "smaller",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "start pulling at each other",
"less_effect_dir": "did not feel them pull at each other",
"less_cause_prop": "pulling",
"more_effect_prop": "magnets",
"less_effect_prop": "magnets",
"less_cause_dir": "magnets"
} |
QRQA-10137-4-flip | As we approach the heart, what is the effect on artery size | {
"text": [
"grow",
"shrink"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Further away from the heart, the aorta branches into smaller arteries, which eventually branch into capillaries. | QRSent-10137 | {
"effect_prop": "size",
"cause_dir_str": "further away",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "grow",
"less_effect_dir": "shrink",
"less_cause_prop": "the heart",
"more_effect_prop": "artery size",
"less_effect_prop": "artery size",
"less_cause_dir": "artery size"
} |
QRQA-10202-3 | What can be inferred about an electron's distance from the nucleus if Milo finds that it emits more energy than another electron while measuring energy levels? | {
"text": [
"farther",
"closer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Electrons at higher energy levels, which are farther from the nucleus, have more energy. | QRSent-10202 | {
"effect_prop": "farther from the nucleus",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy levels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "farther",
"less_effect_dir": "closer",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "distance from the nucleus",
"less_effect_prop": "distance from the nucleus",
"less_cause_dir": "distance from the nucleus"
} |
QRQA-10129-5 | If Jim successfully enhances the rate of photosynthesis in the plants he's experimenting with, how does this impact the plants' glucose reserves? | {
"text": [
"it increases",
"it decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As photosynthesis increases, the amount of stored glucose in the guard cells increases. | QRSent-10129 | {
"effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"less_effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"less_cause_dir": "stored glucose"
} |
QRQA-10029-3 | Here's a paraphrased version of the text, preserving the original structure and semantics:
Jimbo sailed across the ocean and observed massive glaciers surrounding his vessel. He returned to the same location the following year, only to find fewer glaciers around his ship. Does a decrease in glaciers indicate a rise in sea level? | {
"text": [
"it's lower",
"it's higher"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | An increase in glaciers lowers sea level and a decrease in glaciers raises sea level. | QRSent-10029 | {
"effect_prop": "sea level",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "lowers",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glaciers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "glaciers",
"more_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_cause_dir": "sea level"
} |
QRQA-10304-3 | If Jimbo increases the force with which he throws a basketball, what effect will it have on the distance the ball travels? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The will travel faster and farther if the batter hits it with more force. | QRSent-10304 | {
"effect_prop": "travel",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster and farther",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "travel",
"less_effect_prop": "travel",
"less_cause_dir": "travel"
} |
QRQA-10291-4 | If Jim observes an increase in the electromagnetic force while examining a nucleus, it implies the nuclear force is | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As more protons are added to the nucleus, the electromagnetic force of repulsion between them gets stronger, while the strong nuclear force of attraction between them gets weaker. | QRSent-10291 | {
"effect_prop": "nuclear force",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "weaker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "electromagnetic force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increasing",
"less_effect_dir": "decreasing",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "nuclear force",
"less_effect_prop": "nuclear force",
"less_cause_dir": "nuclear force"
} |
QRQA-10324-5 | If we use a telescope instead of the naked eye to gaze into space, we can observe | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | What this means is that at higher magnification, we are able to see objects of smaller and smaller size within our field of view. | QRSent-10324 | {
"effect_prop": "visibility",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "able",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "see",
"less_effect_prop": "see",
"less_cause_dir": "see"
} |
QRQA-10234-2-flip | What are the effects on Mona's likelihood of contracting a disease as she ages from 35 to 65? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Many diseases become more common as people grow older. | QRSent-10234 | {
"effect_prop": "diseases become more common",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "more common",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "people grow older"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "age of 65",
"more_effect_prop": "chance of contracting a disease",
"less_effect_prop": "chance of contracting a disease",
"less_cause_dir": "chance of contracting a disease"
} |
QRQA-10202-1 | Jimbo was observing electrons with his microscope. He noticed some were close to the nucleus and some were far from the nucleus. Which electrons had higher energy levels? | {
"text": [
"close to the nucleus",
"far from the nucleus"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Electrons at higher energy levels, which are farther from the nucleus, have more energy. | QRSent-10202 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "farther from the nucleus"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "nucleus",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10074-3-flip | If Mona switches to a dirtier fuel for her car, will the pollution increase or decrease? | {
"text": [
"more pollution",
"less pollution"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The advantage to biofuels is that they burn more cleanly than fossil fuels. As a result, they create less pollution and less carbon dioxide. | QRSent-10074 | {
"effect_prop": "pollution",
"cause_dir_str": "more cleanly",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "burn more cleanly"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "fuel",
"more_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_effect_prop": "pollution",
"less_cause_dir": "pollution"
} |
QRQA-10168-5-flip | Here's a paraphrased version of the text while preserving the original structure and semantics:
John observed various objects in the physics lab. He discovered that the lower the force applied to an object, the | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the force that is applied to an object of a given mass, the more the object will accelerate. | QRSent-10168 | {
"effect_prop": "acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "force",
"more_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_cause_dir": "acceleration"
} |
QRQA-10070-4-flip | As the plane descended, the passengers experienced _____. | {
"text": [
"cooler",
"warmer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In the troposphere, temperatures decrease as altitude increases. | QRSent-10070 | {
"effect_prop": "Altitude",
"cause_dir_str": "decrease",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "dropped",
"less_cause_prop": "passengers felt",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "altitude",
"less_cause_dir": "altitude"
} |
QRQA-10254-5-flip | Ian has a model of early Earth in the oven. He reduces the oven's convection, affecting the plate tectonics | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Convection on early Earth was faster and so plate tectonics was faster. | QRSent-10254 | {
"effect_prop": "faster plate tectonics",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "faster convection on early earth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "convection",
"more_effect_prop": "plate tectonics",
"less_effect_prop": "plate tectonics",
"less_cause_dir": "plate tectonics"
} |
QRQA-10243-5 | Which city, Reid's or Eric's, has a greater demand for resources? | {
"text": [
"Eric",
"Reid"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | More people need more resources. | QRSent-10243 | {
"effect_prop": "resource need",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "people"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "people",
"more_effect_prop": "resources",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10350-1-flip | What effect will reducing the concentration of reactants have on the reaction rate in John's solution? | {
"text": [
"it will become faster",
"it will become slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When the concentration of reactants is higher, the reaction rate is faster. | QRSent-10350 | {
"effect_prop": "reaction rate",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "reactant concentration"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "concentration of reactants",
"more_effect_prop": "rate of reaction",
"less_effect_prop": "rate of reaction",
"less_cause_dir": "rate of reaction"
} |
QRQA-10226-5 | What is the kinetic energy level of someone running at a very fast pace? | {
"text": [
"Low",
"High"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, and the faster it is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. | QRSent-10226 | {
"effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_cause_dir": "kinetic energy"
} |
QRQA-10203-2-flip | What will be the impact on the lifespan of nonrenewable resources if Mona starts using more of them? | {
"text": [
"decrease",
"increase"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Using less nonrenewable resources means that they will last longer. | QRSent-10203 | {
"effect_prop": "last longer",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "nonrenewable resources"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "length of time those resources will last",
"less_effect_prop": "length of time those resources will last",
"less_cause_dir": "length of time those resources will last"
} |
QRQA-10179-3-flip | What would be the effect on the size and shape of a country placed near the North Pole on Milo's map for school? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a Mercator projection, because Greenland is closer to the pole, the continents shape and size are greatly increased. | QRSent-10179 | {
"effect_prop": "continents shape and size",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer to the pole"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "country",
"more_effect_prop": "size",
"less_effect_prop": "size",
"less_cause_dir": "size"
} |
QRQA-10071-3-flip | A photon has less energy when the frequency is lower. | {
"text": [
"higher or",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The higher the frequency is, the more energy a photon has. | QRSent-10071 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "frequency",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10276-5-flip | When an object has a limited surface area and is combined with another substance, it will undergo a reaction. | {
"text": [
"slower",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Surface Area of Reactants When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter at the surface of the solid is exposed to other reactants. If a solid has more surface area, more of it is exposed and able to react. | QRSent-10276 | {
"effect_prop": "exposed to reactants",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "surface area"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "react",
"less_effect_prop": "react",
"less_cause_dir": "react"
} |
QRQA-10020-3-flip | What is the effect on diffusion when particles are closer together? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This means the rate of diffusion is much slower in liquids than in gases, because the particles of a gas are further apart and collide much less. | QRSent-10020 | {
"effect_prop": "diffusion",
"cause_dir_str": "further apart",
"effect_dir_str": "slower",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Less",
"less_effect_dir": "More",
"less_cause_prop": "Diffusion",
"more_effect_prop": "Distance",
"less_effect_prop": "Distance",
"less_cause_dir": "Distance"
} |
QRQA-10014-1-flip | When Katie was in the hospital with high blood pressure, she realized that her blood volume was | {
"text": [
"high",
"low"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "volume of her blood",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10282-5-flip | When using a magnifying glass, the one that is less curved will be | {
"text": [
"weaker",
"stronger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more curved the convex lens is in a magnifying glass, the greater its ability to magnify objects. | QRSent-10282 | {
"effect_prop": "magnification",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curve"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "curved",
"more_effect_prop": "magnification",
"less_effect_prop": "magnification",
"less_cause_dir": "magnification"
} |
QRQA-10244-2 | If a wire has high resistance, the current at the end of it will be | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the total resistance increases, the current strength decreases. | QRSent-10244 | {
"effect_prop": "current",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "current at the end of the wire",
"less_effect_prop": "current at the end of the wire",
"less_cause_dir": "current at the end of the wire"
} |
QRQA-10091-4 | Here is a paraphrased version of the text, preserving the original structure and semantics:
John was monitoring the particle accelerator and recording the atomic reactions. He noticed that an object with greater mass tends to have a thermal energy that is | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Therefore, an object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass, even if their individual atoms are moving at the same speed. | QRSent-10091 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"less_effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"less_cause_dir": "thermal energy"
} |
QRQA-10267-2-flip | Rich has a leaf with a large surface area. This adaptation likely causes _____ water to be lost through evaporation. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Leaves can have the following adaptations to reduce transpiration rate: Small or narrow leaves to reduce the surface area over which water vapour is lost | QRSent-10267 | {
"effect_prop": "surface area over which water vapour is lost",
"cause_dir_str": "small or narrow",
"effect_dir_str": "reduce",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "leaves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "large",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "surface area",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10078-2 | If Mary increases the force applied to her wagon while pushing it, how will the wagon's acceleration change? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. | QRSent-10078 | {
"effect_prop": "acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "net force acting on the object"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_cause_dir": "acceleration"
} |
QRQA-10304-1 | Which baseball will go farther after being hit by Jim? | {
"text": [
"baseball one",
"baseball two"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The will travel faster and farther if the batter hits it with more force. | QRSent-10304 | {
"effect_prop": "travel",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster and farther",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "amount of force",
"more_effect_prop": "distance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10139-2 | Jeff increases the height of the waves' crests in the simulation. The amplitude is now | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the crests are, the greater the amplitude of the wave. | QRSent-10139 | {
"effect_prop": "amplitude of the wave",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "higher the crests"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "amplitude",
"less_effect_prop": "amplitude",
"less_cause_dir": "amplitude"
} |
QRQA-10397-4-flip | If an electromagnetic wave has a higher frequency than another wave, it will have _____ more energy. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the frequency of an electromagnetic wave, the greater its energy. | QRSent-10397 | {
"effect_prop": "its energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency of an electromagnetic wave"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10292-4-flip | If Milo is mixing chemicals together into a solution and he decreases the strength of the base, what effect does it have on the hydroxide ion concentration? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A stronger base produces more hydroxide ions than a weaker base. | QRSent-10292 | {
"effect_prop": "more hydroxide ions",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "stronger base"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "strength",
"more_effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"less_effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"less_cause_dir": "hydroxide ions"
} |
QRQA-10196-5 | Dan's blood vessels have relatively low blood volume, resulting in pressure that is | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the lower blood volume in the vessels exerts less pressure on the vessel walls. | QRSent-10196 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure on vessel walls",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "blood volume in vessels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "pressure"
} |
QRQA-10044-3 | Amplifiers are used to increase the energy which makes music louder. | {
"text": [
"decrease",
"increase"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Amplified sound waves have more energy, which increases the intensity and loudness of the sounds, so they are easier to hear. | QRSent-10044 | {
"effect_prop": "sounds",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "louder",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "energy",
"more_effect_prop": "music",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10070-2 | As we ascend higher into the troposphere, the temperature | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In the troposphere, temperatures decrease as altitude increases. | QRSent-10070 | {
"effect_prop": "temperature",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "decrease",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "altitude"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_cause_dir": "temperature"
} |
QRQA-10324-4-flip | Eric decreases magnification of his telescope. He is able to see fewer stars. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | What this means is that at higher magnification, we are able to see objects of smaller and smaller size within our field of view. | QRSent-10324 | {
"effect_prop": "objects seen",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "telescope",
"more_effect_prop": "stars",
"less_effect_prop": "stars",
"less_cause_dir": "stars"
} |
QRQA-10267-2 | Rich has a leaf with a small surface area. This adaptation likely causes less water vapor to evaporate. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Leaves can have the following adaptations to reduce transpiration rate: Small or narrow leaves to reduce the surface area over which water vapour is lost | QRSent-10267 | {
"effect_prop": "surface area over which water vapour is lost",
"cause_dir_str": "small or narrow",
"effect_dir_str": "reduce",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "leaves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "small",
"less_cause_prop": "surface area",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "surface area",
"less_cause_dir": "surface area"
} |
QRQA-10148-1 | If Asia is larger than North America, which one has less waste accumulation? | {
"text": [
"North America",
"Asia"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The Southern Hemisphere has less trash buildup in the oceans because less of the region is continent. | QRSent-10148 | {
"effect_prop": "trash buildup",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "continent"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "continent",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "trash buildup",
"less_cause_dir": "trash buildup"
} |
QRQA-10219-4-flip | Will ran in a race. His pulse rate decreases, providing less oxygen to his cells. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This causes the delivery of less oxygen to the cells, and this stimulates the heart rate via adrenalin, so that pulse rate increases in an effort to deliver enough oxygen to cells. | QRSent-10219 | {
"effect_prop": "oxygen to cells",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pulse rate"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "pulse rate",
"more_effect_prop": "oxygen",
"less_effect_prop": "oxygen",
"less_cause_dir": "oxygen"
} |
QRQA-10373-4-flip | A puddle in the Sahara desert where the thermometer read 40 F was the same size as a puddle in Montana where the thermometer read 90 F. The puddle in Montana will evaporate faster than the puddle in the Sahara desert. | {
"text": [
"more slowly",
"more quickly"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The higher the temperature of the liquid, the faster it will evaporate. | QRSent-10373 | {
"effect_prop": "evaporation",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature of liquid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "quickly",
"less_effect_dir": "slowly",
"less_cause_prop": "degrees",
"more_effect_prop": "evaporation",
"less_effect_prop": "evaporation",
"less_cause_dir": "evaporation"
} |
QRQA-10276-3-flip | To decrease the strength of his reaction, what action would Jim take regarding the surface area in his lab? | {
"text": [
"increase it",
"decrease it"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Surface Area of Reactants When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter at the surface of the solid is exposed to other reactants. If a solid has more surface area, more of it is exposed and able to react. | QRSent-10276 | {
"effect_prop": "able to react",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "surface area"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "surface area",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "strength of his reaction",
"less_cause_dir": "strength of his reaction"
} |
QRQA-10226-1-flip | If an object accelerates, it will have _____ kinetic energy. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, and the faster it is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. | QRSent-10226 | {
"effect_prop": "kinetic energy it has",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed of anything that is moving"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_cause_dir": "kinetic energy"
} |
QRQA-10282-4-flip | Micah needs a tool to read very large text, and is deciding between two magnifying glasses, opting for the one with the | {
"text": [
"more curved",
"less curved"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more curved the convex lens is in a magnifying glass, the greater its ability to magnify objects. | QRSent-10282 | {
"effect_prop": "ability to magnify",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curved"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "read",
"less_cause_prop": "curved",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "large text",
"less_cause_dir": "large text"
} |
QRQA-10091-3 | Something that is larger and moving will possess _____ energy than something small. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Therefore, an object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass, even if their individual atoms are moving at the same speed. | QRSent-10091 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10029-1-flip | Could a rapid rise in temperature that reduces glaciers by half | {
"text": [
"increase sea level",
"decrease sea level?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | An increase in glaciers lowers sea level and a decrease in glaciers raises sea level. | QRSent-10029 | {
"effect_prop": "sea level",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "lowers",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glaciers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "glaciers",
"more_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_cause_dir": "sea level"
} |
QRQA-10147-2-flip | Rich sees a blue star with his telescope. Tina sees a red star with his telescope. Rich _____ the cooler star. | {
"text": [
"Rich",
"Tina"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | But, in stars, the bluer the star, the hotter it is, and the redder it is, the older and colder it is. | QRSent-10147 | {
"effect_prop": "hotter it is",
"cause_dir_str": "bluer",
"effect_dir_str": "hotter",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "bluer the star"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "cooler",
"less_cause_prop": "star",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "star",
"less_cause_dir": "star"
} |
QRQA-10006-1-flip | What are the treatment implications of late cancer detection in John's case? | {
"text": [
"harder to treat",
"easier to treat"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The sooner cancer is detected the easier it is to treat. | QRSent-10006 | {
"effect_prop": "easier it is to treat",
"cause_dir_str": "sooner",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "sooner cancer is detected"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "easier to treat",
"less_effect_dir": "harder to treat",
"less_cause_prop": "cancer",
"more_effect_prop": "cancer",
"less_effect_prop": "cancer",
"less_cause_dir": "cancer"
} |
QRQA-10199-1 | Here are the paraphrased versions:
- John kicks the ball on a smooth surface -> The ball is kicked by John on a smooth surface.
- Compared to traveling on a rough surface, the ball travels -> In contrast to a rough surface, the ball's travel is | {
"text": [
"slower.",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The smoother the surface, the less friction against an object, so the faster it will move. | QRSent-10199 | {
"effect_prop": "motion",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "travels quickly",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "ball",
"more_effect_prop": "ball",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10044-4 | What will be the effect on the loudness level of Mona's voice if she raises the volume while speaking to Milo in a soft tone? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Amplified sound waves have more energy, which increases the intensity and loudness of the sounds, so they are easier to hear. | QRSent-10044 | {
"effect_prop": "loudness of the sounds",
"cause_dir_str": "amplified",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Amplified sound waves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "loudness level of her voice",
"less_effect_prop": "loudness level of her voice",
"less_cause_dir": "loudness level of her voice"
} |
QRQA-10052-4 | Here's a paraphrased version of the given text:
Joan is attempting to melt rocks through increased pressure by exploiting depth. The greater the pressure applied to the rock, the melting temperature will be | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Pressure: Pressure increases with depth, but increased pressure raises the melting temperature, so melting of rock is less likely to occur at higher pressures. | QRSent-10052 | {
"effect_prop": "melting",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "with",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pressure"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "melting temperature",
"less_effect_prop": "melting temperature",
"less_cause_dir": "melting temperature"
} |
QRQA-10361-4 | If Harry and Sara both take one step, who will seem to move further away, given Harry is 6 feet away and Sara is 15 feet away? | {
"text": [
"Harry",
"Sara"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The closer your finger is to your eyes, the greater the position changes because of parallax. | QRSent-10361 | {
"effect_prop": "position changing",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "finger closer to eyes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "move further away",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "Sara",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10159-5-flip | If a wealthier city diverts food supplies meant for Mona's city, how will it affect the mortality rate there? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | With better food and less chance of disease, the death rate fell. | QRSent-10159 | {
"effect_prop": "death rate",
"cause_dir_str": "better",
"effect_dir_str": "fell",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "better food"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "food",
"more_effect_prop": "death rate",
"less_effect_prop": "death rate",
"less_cause_dir": "death rate"
} |
QRQA-10078-5-flip | John was observing objects in the physics simulator and their reactions. He noticed that the smaller the net force on an object, the | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. | QRSent-10078 | {
"effect_prop": "acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "net force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Greater",
"less_effect_dir": "Lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "net force",
"more_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_cause_dir": "acceleration"
} |
QRQA-10308-1 | A weakening electromagnet indicates that there is _____ current passing through the circuit breaker. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | If the current passing through the circuit breaker increases, the electromagnet becomes stronger. | QRSent-10308 | {
"effect_prop": "electromagnet strength",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "current passing through the circuit breaker"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "weakening",
"less_cause_prop": "current passing through the circuit breaker",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "electromagnet strength",
"less_cause_dir": "electromagnet strength"
} |
QRQA-10267-5-flip | A smaller leaf will have _____ less water vapour loss than a big one. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Leaves can have the following adaptations to reduce transpiration rate: Small or narrow leaves to reduce the surface area over which water vapour is lost | QRSent-10267 | {
"effect_prop": "lost water vapour",
"cause_dir_str": "small or narrow",
"effect_dir_str": "lost",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "leaves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "leaf",
"more_effect_prop": "lost water vapour",
"less_effect_prop": "lost water vapour",
"less_cause_dir": "lost water vapour"
} |
QRQA-10276-2 | An object with a small surface area is less likely to experience a surface reaction than a larger object. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Surface Area of Reactants When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter at the surface of the solid is exposed to other reactants. If a solid has more surface area, more of it is exposed and able to react. | QRSent-10276 | {
"effect_prop": "exposed area that can react",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "surface area"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "surface area",
"more_effect_prop": "surface reaction",
"less_effect_prop": "surface reaction",
"less_cause_dir": "surface reaction"
} |
QRQA-10220-2-flip | After falling down one stair, compared to three, Dan will experience | {
"text": [
"greater friction",
"less friction"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Heavier objects press together with greater force, and this causes greater friction between them. | QRSent-10220 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "stair",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10011-5-flip | The resistance will increase in a circuit when resistors are added in series. | {
"text": [
"parallel",
"series"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a parallel circuit, the resistance decreases as more resistors are added in parallel. | QRSent-10011 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors in paralle"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "series",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10011-3-flip | When Alec removes a resistor from the parallel circuit, what happens is | {
"text": [
"more resistance",
"less resistance."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In a parallel circuit, the resistance decreases as more resistors are added in parallel. | QRSent-10011 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "resistor",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10114-1 | Dean gazed up at the sky with his naked eye, then turned to his telescope for a closer look. Dean's view was enhanced through the telescope, because its lens was | {
"text": [
"bigger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The larger a telescope's mirror or lens, the better it is at seeing narrowly separated objects as individual objects and the sharper the images look. | QRSent-10114 | {
"effect_prop": "sight",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "better",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "lens"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "lens",
"more_effect_prop": "saw",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10339-5 | Who has a wider field of vision, Xavier with his 2x microscope or Yania with the naked eye? | {
"text": [
"Xavier",
"Yania"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the magnification increases, the field of view decreases. | QRSent-10339 | {
"effect_prop": "field of view",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "largest",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "eyes",
"more_effect_prop": "field of view",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10291-2-flip | Here's a paraphrased version of the given text, maintaining the original structure and semantics:
John was examining atoms under an electron microscope. What caught his attention was that as the atomic repulsion decreased, the attractive force between them | {
"text": [
"Stronger",
"Weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As more protons are added to the nucleus, the electromagnetic force of repulsion between them gets stronger, while the strong nuclear force of attraction between them gets weaker. | QRSent-10291 | {
"effect_prop": "attraction",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "weaker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "repulsion"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "Weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "repulsion",
"more_effect_prop": "attraction",
"less_effect_prop": "attraction",
"less_cause_dir": "attraction"
} |
QRQA-10169-3-flip | Marie likes to take very short, hot showers every day. The availability of the water she uses daily will likely decrease as demand increases. | {
"text": [
"become less available",
"become more available"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The availability of water is projected to get worse as demand increases. | QRSent-10169 | {
"effect_prop": "water",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "worse",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "demand"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more available",
"less_effect_dir": "less available",
"less_cause_prop": "showers",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10114-3-flip | After examining the view through a miniature telescope and a regular-sized one, Yolanda determines that the telescope less effective at distinguishing between celestial objects is | {
"text": [
"larger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The larger a telescope's mirror or lens, the better it is at seeing narrowly separated objects as individual objects and the sharper the images look. | QRSent-10114 | {
"effect_prop": "seeing narrowly seperated objects",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "better",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "telescope's mirror or lens"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "differentiates between",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "telescope",
"more_effect_prop": "celestial objects",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10339-4-flip | As you zoom out, the number of things visible to you | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the magnification increases, the field of view decreases. | QRSent-10339 | {
"effect_prop": "field of view",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "magnifcation"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "total things you see",
"less_effect_prop": "total things you see",
"less_cause_dir": "total things you see"
} |
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