id
stringlengths 12
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| question
stringlengths 24
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| choices
sequence | answerKey
stringclasses 2
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stringlengths 32
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| para_id
stringlengths 12
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dict | question_anno
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QRQA-10314-5 | If Jimbo notices that the amplitude of a wave has increased, what can he say about the energy contained within that wave? | {
"text": [
"it has increased",
"it has decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Waves with greater amplitudes or shorter wavelengths have more energy. | QRSent-10314 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "amplitudes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10155-5 | Shane spent his live in the country and had no respiratory conditions, then moved to the city and had several develop. Shane's conditions are likely due to being | {
"text": [
"far from a city",
"close to a city"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Certain respiratory conditions can be made worse in people who live closer to or in large cites. | QRSent-10155 | {
"effect_prop": "proximity to city",
"cause_dir_str": "worse",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "health"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "close to",
"less_effect_dir": "far from",
"less_cause_prop": "Shane",
"more_effect_prop": "city",
"less_effect_prop": "city",
"less_cause_dir": "city"
} |
QRQA-10054-4 | Jean is looking at a rock face that shows the layers of the Earth. Jean notes that the rocks towards the bottom of the exposed cliff have an age that is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Older layers are deeper in the Earth, younger layers are closer to the surface. | QRSent-10054 | {
"effect_prop": "deep",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "deeper",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "age"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "towards the bottom",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "age of rocks",
"more_effect_prop": "vertical location of rocks",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10037-5 | Eric rubbed a blanket on his arm. His arm gets warmer because the molecules inside get | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, so they have more energy. This gives them a higher temperature, and they feel warmer. | QRSent-10037 | {
"effect_prop": "molecules faster",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "molecules",
"less_effect_prop": "molecules",
"less_cause_dir": "molecules"
} |
QRQA-10029-4 | In a village in Alaska they have watched the glaciers grow larger which changes the sea level and makes it | {
"text": [
"fall",
"raise."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | An increase in glaciers lowers sea level and a decrease in glaciers raises sea level. | QRSent-10029 | {
"effect_prop": "sea level",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "lowers",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glaciers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "raise",
"less_effect_dir": "fall",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_cause_dir": "sea level"
} |
QRQA-10293-3-flip | Jeff pilots his spaceship closer to the Sun. The ship experiences _____ gravitational force. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Even though the Sun is much larger than the Moon, the pull of the Suns gravity is much less because the Sun is much farther away. | QRSent-10293 | {
"effect_prop": "gravity",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "further away"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "spaceship",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational force"
} |
QRQA-10304-4-flip | Something that travels slower has more or less force | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The will travel faster and farther if the batter hits it with more force. | QRSent-10304 | {
"effect_prop": "force",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "speed",
"more_effect_prop": "force",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10006-5-flip | When we are able to catch illness late we are able to cure it | {
"text": [
"easier",
"harder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The sooner cancer is detected the easier it is to treat. | QRSent-10006 | {
"effect_prop": "chance of survival",
"cause_dir_str": "sooner",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "time"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "easier",
"less_effect_dir": "harder",
"less_cause_prop": "time",
"more_effect_prop": "survival",
"less_effect_prop": "survival",
"less_cause_dir": "survival"
} |
QRQA-10347-4-flip | Tina lost weight over the year. Her amount of friction with the ground | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Heavier objects also have more friction because they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10347 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "heavier",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heavier objects"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "weight",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10129-2-flip | Leo notices a large amount of stored glucose in his cell. Ray notices zero stored glucose in his cell. Whose cell likely underwent less photosynthesis? | {
"text": [
"Leo",
"Ray"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As photosynthesis increases, the amount of stored glucose in the guard cells increases. | QRSent-10129 | {
"effect_prop": "stored glucose in the guard cells",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "large amount",
"less_effect_dir": "zero",
"less_cause_prop": "photosynthesis",
"more_effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"less_effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"less_cause_dir": "stored glucose"
} |
QRQA-10373-4 | A puddle in the Sahara desert where the thermometer read 106 F was the same size as a puddle in Montana where the thermometer read 44 F. The puddle in Montana will evaporate _____ than the puddle in the Sahara desert. | {
"text": [
"more slowly",
"more quickly"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the temperature of the liquid, the faster it will evaporate. | QRSent-10373 | {
"effect_prop": "evaporation",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature of liquid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "quickly",
"less_effect_dir": "slowly",
"less_cause_prop": "degrees",
"more_effect_prop": "evaporation",
"less_effect_prop": "evaporation",
"less_cause_dir": "evaporation"
} |
QRQA-10091-1-flip | A bear and a fox are trying to get a piece of meat to stay frozen the longest by insulating the meat by using the heat from their bodies. Because of how thermal energy is spread, the animal who will keep the meat frozen longer is the | {
"text": [
"bear",
"fox"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Therefore, an object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass, even if their individual atoms are moving at the same speed. | QRSent-10091 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "frozen/meat",
"more_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_cause_dir": "temperature"
} |
QRQA-10291-3 | If a nucleus has few protons, it will also have a _____ nuclear force of attraction. | {
"text": [
"weaker",
"strong"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As more protons are added to the nucleus, the electromagnetic force of repulsion between them gets stronger, while the strong nuclear force of attraction between them gets weaker. | QRSent-10291 | {
"effect_prop": "nuclear force of attraction",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "weaker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "protons in a nucleus"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "strong nuclear force of attraction",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker nuclear force of attraction",
"less_cause_prop": "nucleus",
"more_effect_prop": "nucleus",
"less_effect_prop": "nucleus",
"less_cause_dir": "nucleus"
} |
QRQA-10236-1-flip | If Jim increases the amount of energy that his HVAC system wastes, what happens to the efficiency of the system? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the wasted output energy, the less efficient the system. | QRSent-10236 | {
"effect_prop": "efficiency",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "amount of wasted energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "efficiency",
"less_effect_prop": "efficiency",
"less_cause_dir": "efficiency"
} |
QRQA-10074-4 | Dean switched to using biofuel for his business because their clean burning creates _____ pollution and carbon dioxide. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The advantage to biofuels is that they burn more cleanly than fossil fuels. As a result, they create less pollution and less carbon dioxide. | QRSent-10074 | {
"effect_prop": "pollution and carbon dioxide",
"cause_dir_str": "more cleanly",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "burn cleanly than fossil fuels."
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10006-3-flip | Carl has testing done to see if he has cancer, and it is caught in the very late stages. The difficulty in treating the cancer will therefore be | {
"text": [
"easier",
"harder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The sooner cancer is detected the easier it is to treat. | QRSent-10006 | {
"effect_prop": "easy to treat",
"cause_dir_str": "sooner",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "soon detected"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "easier",
"less_effect_dir": "harder",
"less_cause_prop": "cancer stages",
"more_effect_prop": "treating",
"less_effect_prop": "treating",
"less_cause_dir": "treating"
} |
QRQA-10258-2-flip | Alan is riding a bike. As he goes slower, the fluid friction resisting his motion | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting its motion",
"cause_dir_str": "faster or larger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "a moving object"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "bike",
"more_effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting his motion",
"less_effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting his motion",
"less_cause_dir": "fluid friction resisting his motion"
} |
QRQA-10097-5 | If Mona is standing in the shade of a tree and she moves out into the sun, what happens to the amount of sunlight her body receives? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more focused the Suns rays are, the more energy an area receives and the warmer it is. | QRSent-10097 | {
"effect_prop": "energy an area receives",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "focused the Suns rays"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "of tree",
"more_effect_prop": "sunlight",
"less_effect_prop": "sunlight",
"less_cause_dir": "sunlight"
} |
QRQA-10219-3 | John was viewing a patient's vital signs at the hospital. He could see clearly that the less oxygen to the cells, the pulse rate would become | {
"text": [
"Higher",
"Lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This causes the delivery of less oxygen to the cells, and this stimulates the heart rate via adrenalin, so that pulse rate increases in an effort to deliver enough oxygen to cells. | QRSent-10219 | {
"effect_prop": "pulse rate",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "oxygen"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Higher",
"less_effect_dir": "Lower",
"less_cause_prop": "oxygen",
"more_effect_prop": "pulse rate",
"less_effect_prop": "pulse rate",
"less_cause_dir": "pulse rate"
} |
QRQA-10045-2-flip | In diffusion, the lighter particles move | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The mass of the particles: lighter particles will diffuse faster, because on average they move faster. | QRSent-10045 | {
"effect_prop": "speed",
"cause_dir_str": "lighter",
"effect_dir_str": "mass",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "particle mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "particles",
"more_effect_prop": "move",
"less_effect_prop": "move",
"less_cause_dir": "move"
} |
QRQA-10196-4-flip | john was taking the patients blood pressure and other vital signs. He saw that the higher the blood volume, the pressure was | {
"text": [
"Greater",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the lower blood volume in the vessels exerts less pressure on the vessel walls. | QRSent-10196 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "pressure"
} |
QRQA-10214-5-flip | Jan wants to damage the Earth, so she starts driving to work instead of biking. Because Jan is using more fossil fuels, she is contributing carbon dioxide emissions in amounts that are | {
"text": [
"greater",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The carbon taxes encourage people to use less fossil fuel, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions. | QRSent-10214 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "reduces",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "fossil fuel use"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"less_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"less_cause_dir": "carbon dioxide emissions"
} |
QRQA-10071-2 | Will had a high frequency photon he was examining. He compared it to Tina's low frequency photon. The photon with more energy was | {
"text": [
"Will's",
"Tina's"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the frequency is, the more energy a photon has. | QRSent-10071 | {
"effect_prop": "energy a photon has",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency a photon has"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "frequency",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10223-3-flip | A chemist compared two substances in the lab. Which substance will have a lower concentration of hydrogen ions? | {
"text": [
"the substance with the higher pH",
"the substance with the lower pH"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The lower the pH value is, the greater is the concentration of hydrogen ions and the stronger the acid. | QRSent-10223 | {
"effect_prop": "concentration of hydrogen ions",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pH value"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "lower concentration",
"less_cause_prop": "pH",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "hydrogen ions",
"less_cause_dir": "hydrogen ions"
} |
QRQA-10311-3-flip | Mary loves to dive in the ocean. What will happen to the water if she swims up to the shallow portion? | {
"text": [
"darker",
"lighter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The deeper you go, the darker the water gets. | QRSent-10311 | {
"effect_prop": "darker the water",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "darker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deeper you go"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "darker",
"less_effect_dir": "lighter",
"less_cause_prop": "ocean",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10037-1-flip | Two hands are rubbing together fast, two other hands rub slowly, so the slower hands will make heat in amounts that are | {
"text": [
"larger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, so they have more energy. This gives them a higher temperature, and they feel warmer. | QRSent-10037 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "rubbing"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger amounts",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller amounts",
"less_cause_prop": "hands",
"more_effect_prop": "heat",
"less_effect_prop": "heat",
"less_cause_dir": "heat"
} |
QRQA-10226-4 | John watched the particles interacting in the laboratory. He observed that the faster an object is moving, means that the kinetic energy is | {
"text": [
"Higher",
"Lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, and the faster it is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. | QRSent-10226 | {
"effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_cause_dir": "kinetic energy"
} |
QRQA-10330-2-flip | If Mona is trying to remove electrons from atoms will she have to use less energy on a large or a small atom? | {
"text": [
"large atom",
"small atom"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Less energy is also needed to remove electrons from larger atoms in the same group of the periodic table. | QRSent-10330 | {
"effect_prop": "energy is also needed to remove electrons",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "atoms"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10293-4 | If the Sun were closer to the Earth than the Moon, which body's gravity would have more influence on Earth? | {
"text": [
"Moon",
"Sun"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Even though the Sun is much larger than the Moon, the pull of the Suns gravity is much less because the Sun is much farther away. | QRSent-10293 | {
"effect_prop": "gravity",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance from a body"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "gravity with more influence",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "Sun",
"more_effect_prop": "Earth",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10314-2-flip | john was testing the meter and noticed that waves with lower amplitudes or longer wavelengths have an energy level that is | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Waves with greater amplitudes or shorter wavelengths have more energy. | QRSent-10314 | {
"effect_prop": "wavelengths",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "shorter",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "waves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "longer",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "energy level",
"more_effect_prop": "wavelengths",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10308-4 | An electromagnet becoming stronger indicates _____ current passing through a circuit breaker. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If the current passing through the circuit breaker increases, the electromagnet becomes stronger. | QRSent-10308 | {
"effect_prop": "electromagnet strength",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "current passing through a circuit breaker"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "current",
"more_effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10196-2 | If Mona's body experiences less volume of blood in her blood vessels, what is happening to the pressure in her vessel walls? | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This is because the lower blood volume in the vessels exerts less pressure on the vessel walls. | QRSent-10196 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure on the vessel walls",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "blood volume in the vessels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increasing",
"less_effect_dir": "decreasing",
"less_cause_prop": "blood",
"more_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "pressure"
} |
QRQA-10097-1 | When the sun is shining down unobstructed, compared to on a cloudy day, the heat levels are | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more focused the Suns rays are, the more energy an area receives and the warmer it is. | QRSent-10097 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "focused"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "n/a",
"more_effect_prop": "heat levels",
"less_effect_prop": "heat levels",
"less_cause_dir": "heat levels"
} |
QRQA-10250-5 | Jimbo notices over time that his climate has become drier. This means the amount of water available to him is probably | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Drier climates generally have less water for people to use. | QRSent-10250 | {
"effect_prop": "water",
"cause_dir_str": "drier",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "Drier climates"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increasing",
"less_effect_dir": "decreasing",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10219-1-flip | Sandra was scared and her adrenal glands secreted less adrenaline after her fight or flight response, which caused her heart rate to | {
"text": [
"decrease?",
"increase"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This causes the delivery of less oxygen to the cells, and this stimulates the heart rate via adrenalin, so that pulse rate increases in an effort to deliver enough oxygen to cells. | QRSent-10219 | {
"effect_prop": "heart rate",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "amount of adrenaline"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "adrenaline",
"more_effect_prop": "heart rate",
"less_effect_prop": "heart rate",
"less_cause_dir": "heart rate"
} |
QRQA-10324-1 | Mick wants to see some very small ants clearly. Mick will choose a magnifying glass that has a magnification that is | {
"text": [
"lower",
"higher"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | What this means is that at higher magnification, we are able to see objects of smaller and smaller size within our field of view. | QRSent-10324 | {
"effect_prop": "ability to view",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "able",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "magnification",
"more_effect_prop": "clearly",
"less_effect_prop": "clearly",
"less_cause_dir": "clearly"
} |
QRQA-10276-4 | Ares has a rock of with a surface area of 10 meters squared and a rock with a surface area of 1 meter squared. The _____ rock likely has more area affected by a chemical reaction | {
"text": [
"10m",
"1m"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Surface Area of Reactants When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter at the surface of the solid is exposed to other reactants. If a solid has more surface area, more of it is exposed and able to react. | QRSent-10276 | {
"effect_prop": "surface area is exposed and able to react.",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "surface area of a solid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "meter",
"more_effect_prop": "area affected",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10155-3-flip | When people live in less polluted areas they will have | {
"text": [
"more disease",
"less disease."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Certain respiratory conditions can be made worse in people who live closer to or in large cites. | QRSent-10155 | {
"effect_prop": "respiratory conditions",
"cause_dir_str": "large",
"effect_dir_str": "worse",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "city size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "polluted area",
"more_effect_prop": "disease",
"less_effect_prop": "disease",
"less_cause_dir": "disease"
} |
QRQA-10179-5 | The way that Mercator makes a map the countries closest to the poles appear | {
"text": [
"larger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In a Mercator projection, because Greenland is closer to the pole, the continents shape and size are greatly increased. | QRSent-10179 | {
"effect_prop": "size",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closeness to pole"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "size",
"less_effect_prop": "size",
"less_cause_dir": "size"
} |
QRQA-10236-3-flip | Terry's system wastes 50% of its energy, while Rick's system wastes 75%. The less efficient system is | {
"text": [
"Terry's",
"Rick's"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the wasted output energy, the less efficient the system. | QRSent-10236 | {
"effect_prop": "efficient the system",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "wasted output energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less efficient",
"less_cause_prop": "energy",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "system",
"less_cause_dir": "system"
} |
QRQA-10006-3 | Carl has testing done to see if he has cancer, and it is caught in the very early stages. The difficulty in treating the cancer will therefore be | {
"text": [
"easier",
"harder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The sooner cancer is detected the easier it is to treat. | QRSent-10006 | {
"effect_prop": "easy to treat",
"cause_dir_str": "sooner",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "soon detected"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "easier",
"less_effect_dir": "harder",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "treating",
"less_effect_prop": "treating",
"less_cause_dir": "treating"
} |
QRQA-10381-2-flip | If Milo is creating a circuit and he decreases the amount of parallel resistors he uses to make it, would the overall resistance of the circuit | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Increasing the number of resistors connected in parallel decreases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10381 | {
"effect_prop": "overall resistance of the circuit",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors connected in parallel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "resistors",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10052-2-flip | Will scuba-dived shallower and decreases into the trench. The water pressure around him | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Pressure: Pressure increases with depth, but increased pressure raises the melting temperature, so melting of rock is less likely to occur at higher pressures. | QRSent-10052 | {
"effect_prop": "depth",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "with",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pressure"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "shallower",
"less_cause_prop": "pressure",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "depth",
"less_cause_dir": "depth"
} |
QRQA-10202-4-flip | Joan is examining an electron 100nm from the nucleus and an electron 50nm from the nucleus. Which has less energy? | {
"text": [
"the 50nm electron",
"the 100nm electron"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Electrons at higher energy levels, which are farther from the nucleus, have more energy. | QRSent-10202 | {
"effect_prop": "more energy",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "distance from the nucleus"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "nucleus",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10078-3 | Milton approaches a red soccer ball and kicks it as hard as he can, then he approaches a blue soccer ball and it kicks it very softly. Which soccer ball will experience greater acceleration? | {
"text": [
"blue soccer ball",
"red soccer ball"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. | QRSent-10078 | {
"effect_prop": "acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "net force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "blue soccer ball",
"more_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10006-1 | John went to the doctor one day and was told they caught his cancer really early. What does this mean about the ease with which the cancer is treated? | {
"text": [
"harder to treat",
"easier to treat"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The sooner cancer is detected the easier it is to treat. | QRSent-10006 | {
"effect_prop": "easier it is to treat",
"cause_dir_str": "sooner",
"effect_dir_str": "easier",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "sooner cancer is detected"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "easier to treat",
"less_effect_dir": "harder to treat",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "cancer",
"less_effect_prop": "cancer",
"less_cause_dir": "cancer"
} |
QRQA-10067-4 | The Earth's gravitation for is stronger when _____ the sun. | {
"text": [
"closer to",
"further from"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the gravitational force of attraction between the Earth and Sun is stronger when the Earth is closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10067 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "gravitation force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "further",
"less_effect_dir": "closer",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "from the sun",
"less_effect_prop": "to the sun",
"less_cause_dir": "to the sun"
} |
QRQA-10203-1 | If we double our use of nonrenewable resources, we will end up having _____ of them. | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Using less nonrenewable resources means that they will last longer. | QRSent-10203 | {
"effect_prop": "nonrenewable resources available",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "use of nonrenewable resources"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "of them",
"less_effect_prop": "of them",
"less_cause_dir": "of them"
} |
QRQA-10397-2-flip | Theresa created an electromagnetic wave with frequency 10000 megahertz. Eric created a frequency of 20000 megahertz. Whose frequency has less energy? | {
"text": [
"Theresa",
"Eric"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the frequency of an electromagnetic wave, the greater its energy. | QRSent-10397 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency of an electromagnetic wave"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "wave",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10223-1-flip | If Mona is adding chemicals to her swimming pool and she lowers the pH value of the water, what happens to the acidity of the water in the pool? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The lower the pH value is, the greater is the concentration of hydrogen ions and the stronger the acid. | QRSent-10223 | {
"effect_prop": "stronger the acid",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pH value"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "acidity",
"less_effect_prop": "acidity",
"less_cause_dir": "acidity"
} |
QRQA-10159-3-flip | When no one can eat what happens to the number of people that die? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | With better food and less chance of disease, the death rate fell. | QRSent-10159 | {
"effect_prop": "death",
"cause_dir_str": "better",
"effect_dir_str": "fell",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "food"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "people",
"more_effect_prop": "number that die",
"less_effect_prop": "number that die",
"less_cause_dir": "number that die"
} |
QRQA-10167-1 | Jack wants to screw a board to the wall, and would like to use minimal force, so the screws that Jack uses have threads that are | {
"text": [
"spaced out",
"closer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Therefore, if the threads on a screw are closer together, you need to apply less force to penetrate the wood or other object. | QRSent-10167 | {
"effect_prop": "force to screw in",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "close threads"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "minimal",
"less_cause_prop": "threads",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "force",
"less_cause_dir": "force"
} |
QRQA-10373-5 | As water boils in a kitchen it evaporates | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The higher the temperature of the liquid, the faster it will evaporate. | QRSent-10373 | {
"effect_prop": "evaporation",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "evaporation",
"less_effect_prop": "evaporation",
"less_cause_dir": "evaporation"
} |
QRQA-10052-1-flip | Derek is diving into the ocean. The pressure at the surface will be light, and the pressure the shallower he goes will be | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Pressure: Pressure increases with depth, but increased pressure raises the melting temperature, so melting of rock is less likely to occur at higher pressures. | QRSent-10052 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "with",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "depth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "he goes",
"more_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "pressure"
} |
QRQA-10129-1-flip | Plants engage in less photosynthesis when there is less sunlight. Because of this, there is _____ produced. | {
"text": [
"less glucose",
"more glucose"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As photosynthesis increases, the amount of stored glucose in the guard cells increases. | QRSent-10129 | {
"effect_prop": "glucose",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "glucose",
"less_effect_prop": "glucose",
"less_cause_dir": "glucose"
} |
QRQA-10147-4 | Dave is looking at stars in the sky, and he sees that while most are redder, that there is a large blue one. Dan knows that the blue star, compared to the red ones, is | {
"text": [
"hotter",
"colder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | But, in stars, the bluer the star, the hotter it is, and the redder it is, the older and colder it is. | QRSent-10147 | {
"effect_prop": "blue",
"cause_dir_str": "hotter",
"effect_dir_str": "bluer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heat"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "blue",
"less_effect_dir": "red",
"less_cause_prop": "heat",
"more_effect_prop": "star",
"less_effect_prop": "stars",
"less_cause_dir": "stars"
} |
QRQA-10054-3 | The deeper that we dig under ground to find fossils the _____ they will be | {
"text": [
"newer",
"older"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Older layers are deeper in the Earth, younger layers are closer to the surface. | QRSent-10054 | {
"effect_prop": "age",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "older",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "depth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "older",
"less_effect_dir": "newer",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "fossils",
"less_effect_prop": "fossils",
"less_cause_dir": "fossils"
} |
QRQA-10014-2-flip | If an elephant has less blood in its body then a wren, which animal has higher blood pressure? | {
"text": [
"wren",
"elephant"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "blood volume in the body"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "blood",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10364-3 | John was playing with the rubber band in the science lab when he noticed something. The more the band was stretched, the elastic force became | {
"text": [
"Higher",
"Lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The farther the material is stretched or compressed, the greater the elastic force becomes. | QRSent-10364 | {
"effect_prop": "elastic force",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "stretched"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "elastic force",
"less_effect_prop": "elastic force",
"less_cause_dir": "elastic force"
} |
QRQA-10067-2-flip | If the Earth's orbit moves farther away from the Sun, what happens to the gravitational force between the two planets? | {
"text": [
"it increases",
"it decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This is because the gravitational force of attraction between the Earth and Sun is stronger when the Earth is closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10067 | {
"effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer to the Sun"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "Earth's orbit",
"more_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_effect_prop": "gravitational force",
"less_cause_dir": "gravitational force"
} |
QRQA-10054-1 | If Jim delves deep into the Earth and takes a sample then compares it to a sample he took close to the surface, which sample will be older? | {
"text": [
"deep sample",
"shallow sample"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Older layers are deeper in the Earth, younger layers are closer to the surface. | QRSent-10054 | {
"effect_prop": "Older",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "older",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deeper in the Earth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "older",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "the Earth",
"more_effect_prop": "sample",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10014-1 | When Katie was in the hospital with low blood pressure, she understood that the volume of her blood was | {
"text": [
"high",
"low"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "volume of her blood",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10095-3-flip | If Milo notices that his skin is becoming cold, what is happening to the diameter of his blood vessels? | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Increasing the diameter of the blood vessels increases the amount of blood and heat that moves near the skins surface. | QRSent-10095 | {
"effect_prop": "heat that moves near the skins surface",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "diameter of the blood vessels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "becoming cold",
"less_cause_prop": "diameter of blood vessels",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "skin",
"less_cause_dir": "skin"
} |
QRQA-10254-3 | Slowing plate tectonics indicates convection is | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Convection on early Earth was faster and so plate tectonics was faster. | QRSent-10254 | {
"effect_prop": "plate tectonic speed",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "convection on Earth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "slowing",
"less_cause_prop": "convection",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "plate tectonics",
"less_cause_dir": "plate tectonics"
} |
QRQA-10304-1-flip | Jim hits baseball number one with a small amount of force and baseball number two with a large amount of force. Which object will travel a shorter distance? | {
"text": [
"baseball one",
"baseball two"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The will travel faster and farther if the batter hits it with more force. | QRSent-10304 | {
"effect_prop": "travel",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster and farther",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "amount of force",
"more_effect_prop": "distance",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10049-3 | Keith is showering, and is washing himself using a bar of soap, and then again with a loofah. Keith's skin will get better exfoliation, due to the greater friction, when he washes his body using the | {
"text": [
"soap",
"loofah"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Friction is greater when objects have rougher surfaces or are heavier so they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10049 | {
"effect_prop": "rough surfaces",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "rougher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "loofah",
"less_effect_dir": "soap",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "exfoliation",
"less_effect_prop": "exfoliation",
"less_cause_dir": "exfoliation"
} |
QRQA-10148-5-flip | If Australia is smaller then Asia, which country will produce more of a trash buildup in the oceans? | {
"text": [
"Australia",
"China"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The Southern Hemisphere has less trash buildup in the oceans because less of the region is continent. | QRSent-10148 | {
"effect_prop": "trash buildup in the oceans",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "of the region is continent"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "trash buildup",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10212-2 | Dan is looking at shells that will be good candidates for fossilization. He chooses the shells that are | {
"text": [
"softer",
"harder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Hard shells fossilize more readily than soft bodied organisms, as they are better at resisting decay, take significantly longer to break down, and have a greater chance of surviving burial under layers of sediment. | QRSent-10212 | {
"effect_prop": "hard",
"cause_dir_str": "more readily",
"effect_dir_str": "hard",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "fossilizing"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "harder",
"less_effect_dir": "softer",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "shells",
"less_effect_prop": "shells",
"less_cause_dir": "shells"
} |
QRQA-10361-1 | If Milo moves his finger closer to his eyes, what happens to the perceived position change of his finger? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The closer your finger is to your eyes, the greater the position changes because of parallax. | QRSent-10361 | {
"effect_prop": "position changes",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer your finger is to your eyes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "perceived position change",
"less_effect_prop": "perceived position change",
"less_cause_dir": "perceived position change"
} |
QRQA-10014-5 | John was measuring a patient's vital signs with a cuff device. As he watched the readings, he saw that as the blood volume increased, the blood pressure also | {
"text": [
"decreased.",
"increased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "blood volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10047-3-flip | Evan is a farmer and needs to plant on a slope. For a faster flow of water, he should choose a slope that is | {
"text": [
"steeper",
"gentler"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A gentle slope favours slower flow of surface water, reduces erosion, and increases availability of water to plants. | QRSent-10047 | {
"effect_prop": "flow of surface water",
"cause_dir_str": "gentle",
"effect_dir_str": "slower",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "slope"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster flow",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "slope",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10014-4-flip | Jeff gained some blood in a car crash and was given a transfusion in the hospital to replace the blood. Jeff's blood pressure will be higher | {
"text": [
"when he lost the blood",
"after he had blood replaced."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "blood volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10291-1-flip | Which sort of atom would require more energy to split in a fission reaction, | {
"text": [
"Helium, with its two protons",
"Plutonium, with its 94 protons?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As more protons are added to the nucleus, the electromagnetic force of repulsion between them gets stronger, while the strong nuclear force of attraction between them gets weaker. | QRSent-10291 | {
"effect_prop": "strong nuclear force in the atom",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "weaker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "protons in an atomic nucleus"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "protons",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10155-5-flip | Shane spent his live in the city and had respiratory conditions, then moved to the county and became healthier. Shane's conditions are likely due to being | {
"text": [
"far from a city",
"close to a city"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Certain respiratory conditions can be made worse in people who live closer to or in large cites. | QRSent-10155 | {
"effect_prop": "proximity to city",
"cause_dir_str": "worse",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "health"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "close to",
"less_effect_dir": "far from",
"less_cause_prop": "Shane",
"more_effect_prop": "city",
"less_effect_prop": "city",
"less_cause_dir": "city"
} |
QRQA-10179-1-flip | Jim is moving continents around on a map using the Mercator projection. What will happen to the size of a continent if he moves it further from the North Pole? | {
"text": [
"it will become larger",
"it will become smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a Mercator projection, because Greenland is closer to the pole, the continents shape and size are greatly increased. | QRSent-10179 | {
"effect_prop": "size of continent",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "proximity to a pole"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "move",
"more_effect_prop": "continent",
"less_effect_prop": "continent",
"less_cause_dir": "continent"
} |
QRQA-10299-1-flip | Jean noticed that during the winter months, that the earth was farther from the Sun, so she knew that there would be heat that was | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The stratosphere gets most of its heat from the Sun. Therefore, its warmer closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10299 | {
"effect_prop": "closer to Sun",
"cause_dir_str": "warmer",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heat"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "farther from",
"less_cause_prop": "heat",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "Sun",
"less_cause_dir": "Sun"
} |
QRQA-10330-1-flip | When Sarah wants to increase the amount of electrons that are there, she will use energy at amounts that are | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Less energy is also needed to remove electrons from larger atoms in the same group of the periodic table. | QRSent-10330 | {
"effect_prop": "electrons removed",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "energy",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of electrons",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10014-4 | Jeff lost some blood in a car crash and was given a transfusion in the hospital to replace the blood. Jeff's blood pressure will be higher | {
"text": [
"when he lost the blood",
"after he had blood replaced."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "blood volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "blood",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10381-3-flip | When you put fewer resistors in parallel then the resistance | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Increasing the number of resistors connected in parallel decreases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10381 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors in parallel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "resistors in parallel",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10308-2-flip | Will created an electromagnet with a circuit breaker. If he decreases the current, the electromagnet will become | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | If the current passing through the circuit breaker increases, the electromagnet becomes stronger. | QRSent-10308 | {
"effect_prop": "stronger electromagnet",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "current passing through the circuit breaker"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "current",
"more_effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"less_effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"less_cause_dir": "electromagnet"
} |
QRQA-10148-4-flip | If there is more land in a hemisphere, the trash levels will be | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The Southern Hemisphere has less trash buildup in the oceans because less of the region is continent. | QRSent-10148 | {
"effect_prop": "trash buildup",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "land"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "trash levels",
"less_effect_prop": "trash levels",
"less_cause_dir": "trash levels"
} |
QRQA-10350-4 | Eric increased the concentration of reactants in the solution. This _____ the total reaction rate. | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When the concentration of reactants is higher, the reaction rate is faster. | QRSent-10350 | {
"effect_prop": "faster reaction rate",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "concentration of reactants"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "total reaction rate",
"less_effect_prop": "total reaction rate",
"less_cause_dir": "total reaction rate"
} |
QRQA-10243-3-flip | If the population of Mona's city has been declining recently and there are less people living there this year compared to last year, what happens to the need for resources? | {
"text": [
"increased need",
"decreased need"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | More people need more resources. | QRSent-10243 | {
"effect_prop": "need more resources",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "people"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "people living there",
"more_effect_prop": "need for resources",
"less_effect_prop": "need for resources",
"less_cause_dir": "need for resources"
} |
QRQA-10258-1 | Which would experience a greater resistance from fluid friction while travelling through the ocean, | {
"text": [
"a 150,000 ton cargo ship",
"a 10 pound canoe?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "the fluid friction resisting its motion",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "the size of a moving object"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "canoe",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance from fluid friction",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10067-5-flip | As the Earth and sun rotate around each other, the force of gravity as the Earth gets closer becomes | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the gravitational force of attraction between the Earth and Sun is stronger when the Earth is closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10067 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "gets closer",
"less_cause_prop": "gravity",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "Earth and sun",
"less_cause_dir": "Earth and sun"
} |
QRQA-10147-3 | Chris was looking at some stars through a very large telescope. He noticed two stars. The first was a dull blue. The second was a darker blue. Compared to the duller star, the star that is bluer would be | {
"text": [
"colder",
"hotter?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | But, in stars, the bluer the star, the hotter it is, and the redder it is, the older and colder it is. | QRSent-10147 | {
"effect_prop": "hotter",
"cause_dir_str": "bluer",
"effect_dir_str": "hotter",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "bluer"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "hotter",
"less_effect_dir": "colder",
"less_cause_prop": "star",
"more_effect_prop": "star",
"less_effect_prop": "star",
"less_cause_dir": "star"
} |
QRQA-10070-1-flip | When Mike went hiking, he saw that the weather got warmer when he was on the mountain going | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In the troposphere, temperatures decrease as altitude increases. | QRSent-10070 | {
"effect_prop": "altitude",
"cause_dir_str": "decrease",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temprature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "on the mountain",
"less_effect_prop": "on the mountain",
"less_cause_dir": "on the mountain"
} |
QRQA-10029-2 | When glaciers freeze a lot of sea water what happens to the sea levels? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | An increase in glaciers lowers sea level and a decrease in glaciers raises sea level. | QRSent-10029 | {
"effect_prop": "sea level",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "lowers",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glaciers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "sea levels",
"less_effect_prop": "sea levels",
"less_cause_dir": "sea levels"
} |
QRQA-10339-4 | As you zoom in on something the total things you see are | {
"text": [
"less",
"more"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the magnification increases, the field of view decreases. | QRSent-10339 | {
"effect_prop": "field of view",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "magnifcation"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "total things you see",
"less_effect_prop": "total things you see",
"less_cause_dir": "total things you see"
} |
QRQA-10199-1-flip | John kicks the ball on a rough surface. Compared to traveling on a smooth surface, the ball travels | {
"text": [
"slower.",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The smoother the surface, the less friction against an object, so the faster it will move. | QRSent-10199 | {
"effect_prop": "motion",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "travels faster",
"less_effect_dir": "travels faster",
"less_cause_prop": "surface",
"more_effect_prop": "ball",
"less_effect_prop": "ball",
"less_cause_dir": "ball"
} |
QRQA-10185-1 | Bigger dogs have a faster growth rate than small dogs so that means they get: | {
"text": [
"Smaller",
"Larger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In exponential growth as the population size increases, the growth rate also increases. | QRSent-10185 | {
"effect_prop": "size",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "growth rate"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Bigger",
"less_effect_dir": "small",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "dogs",
"less_effect_prop": "dogs",
"less_cause_dir": "dogs"
} |
QRQA-10129-1 | Plants engage in more photosynthesis when there is more sunlight. Because of this, there is _____ produced. | {
"text": [
"less glucose",
"more glucose"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As photosynthesis increases, the amount of stored glucose in the guard cells increases. | QRSent-10129 | {
"effect_prop": "glucose",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "glucose",
"less_effect_prop": "glucose",
"less_cause_dir": "glucose"
} |
QRQA-10114-2-flip | What would happen to the sharpness of the images in Jim's telescope if he decreased the size of the mirrors inside of it? | {
"text": [
"become sharper",
"become blurrier"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The larger a telescope's mirror or lens, the better it is at seeing narrowly separated objects as individual objects and the sharper the images look. | QRSent-10114 | {
"effect_prop": "sharper the images look",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "sharper",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "larger a telescope's mirror"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "become sharper",
"less_effect_dir": "become blurier",
"less_cause_prop": "size of the mirrors",
"more_effect_prop": "images",
"less_effect_prop": "images",
"less_cause_dir": "images"
} |
QRQA-10154-1-flip | If Jim is an endotherm and he decreases his rate of metabolism, his body heat will | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | For example, on a cold day, an endotherm may produce more body heat by increasing its rate of metabolism. | QRSent-10154 | {
"effect_prop": "body heat",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "rate of metabolism"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "rate of metabolism",
"more_effect_prop": "body heat",
"less_effect_prop": "body heat",
"less_cause_dir": "body heat"
} |
QRQA-10258-4 | A moving ball that is only lightly resisted by fluid friction is likely to be quite | {
"text": [
"small",
"large"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting its motion",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "size of a moving object"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "lightly",
"less_cause_prop": "ball",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "resisted",
"less_cause_dir": "resisted"
} |
QRQA-10254-1-flip | If Earth's plate tectonics sped up, Earth's convection would | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Convection on early Earth was faster and so plate tectonics was faster. | QRSent-10254 | {
"effect_prop": "speed of plate tectonics",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "convection on Earth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "sped up",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "convection",
"more_effect_prop": "plate tectonics",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10361-3 | John is thinking about parallax, and wants to test it. John holds his finger away from his eye, then draws it closer to his eye. At the closest to his eye, the position will have changed to be | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The closer your finger is to your eyes, the greater the position changes because of parallax. | QRSent-10361 | {
"effect_prop": "position changes",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "close"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "finger",
"more_effect_prop": "position",
"less_effect_prop": "position",
"less_cause_dir": "position"
} |
QRQA-10325-3-flip | If Mona is studying the weather and Earth's climate and she notices that less heat energy is entering the atmosphere, what can she surmise about the upcoming changes in weather? | {
"text": [
"more extreme",
"less extreme"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Adding more heat energy to Earths atmosphere also causes more extreme weather and changes in precipitation patterns. | QRSent-10325 | {
"effect_prop": "extreme weather",
"cause_dir_str": "more heat",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heat energy to Earths atmosphere"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "heat energy entering the atmosphere",
"more_effect_prop": "extreme",
"less_effect_prop": "extreme",
"less_cause_dir": "extreme"
} |
QRQA-10288-3 | An alkane with few carbon atoms should have a _____ boiling point. | {
"text": [
"high",
"low"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally have higher boiling and melting points. | QRSent-10288 | {
"effect_prop": "boiling point",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "higher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "carbon atoms in an Alkane"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "carbon atoms",
"more_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_cause_dir": "boiling point"
} |
QRQA-10311-1-flip | Don was swimming in the ocean, and decided to dive deeper. Don noticed that the shallower he swam the water got | {
"text": [
"darker",
"lighter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The deeper you go, the darker the water gets. | QRSent-10311 | {
"effect_prop": "dark",
"cause_dir_str": "deeper",
"effect_dir_str": "darker",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "deep"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "darker",
"less_effect_dir": "lighter",
"less_cause_prop": "he swam",
"more_effect_prop": "the water",
"less_effect_prop": "the water",
"less_cause_dir": "the water"
} |