id
stringlengths 12
17
| question
stringlengths 24
386
| choices
sequence | answerKey
stringclasses 2
values | para
stringlengths 32
234
| para_id
stringlengths 12
12
| para_anno
dict | question_anno
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QRQA-10244-3-flip | Theo was adding resistors to a circuit. As the resistance decreased due to his actions, the strength of the current | {
"text": [
"increased",
"decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the total resistance increases, the current strength decreases. | QRSent-10244 | {
"effect_prop": "current strength",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "total resistance"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "resistance",
"more_effect_prop": "strength of the current",
"less_effect_prop": "strength of the current",
"less_cause_dir": "strength of the current"
} |
QRQA-10097-4 | An area with a heavy focus of the Sun's rays will likely be | {
"text": [
"cool",
"warm"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more focused the Suns rays are, the more energy an area receives and the warmer it is. | QRSent-10097 | {
"effect_prop": "warmth",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "warmer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "focused the Suns rays are"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "warm",
"less_effect_dir": "cool",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "warmth",
"less_effect_prop": "warmth",
"less_cause_dir": "warmth"
} |
QRQA-10091-4-flip | John was watching the particle accelerator and notating the reactions of the atoms. He observed that an object with less mass has a thermal energy that is | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Therefore, an object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass, even if their individual atoms are moving at the same speed. | QRSent-10091 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "mass",
"more_effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"less_effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"less_cause_dir": "thermal energy"
} |
QRQA-10276-1 | If John was applying cleaning chemicals to his car would the chemicals react _____ if he were to uncover a greater section of the car's exterior? | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Surface Area of Reactants When a solid substance is involved in a chemical reaction, only the matter at the surface of the solid is exposed to other reactants. If a solid has more surface area, more of it is exposed and able to react. | QRSent-10276 | {
"effect_prop": "ability to react to chemicals",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "surface area"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "chemicals react",
"less_effect_prop": "chemicals react",
"less_cause_dir": "chemicals react"
} |
QRQA-10167-1-flip | Jack wants to screw a board to the wall, and would like to use maximum force, so the screws that Jack uses have threads that are | {
"text": [
"spaced out",
"closer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Therefore, if the threads on a screw are closer together, you need to apply less force to penetrate the wood or other object. | QRSent-10167 | {
"effect_prop": "force to screw in",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "close threads"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "maximal",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "thread",
"more_effect_prop": "force",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10037-2-flip | If you rub your hands together slower than before your hands will feel | {
"text": [
"hotter",
"colder"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, so they have more energy. This gives them a higher temperature, and they feel warmer. | QRSent-10037 | {
"effect_prop": "heat",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "higher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "hotter",
"less_effect_dir": "colder",
"less_cause_prop": "rub hands together",
"more_effect_prop": "hands",
"less_effect_prop": "hands",
"less_cause_dir": "hands"
} |
QRQA-10347-1-flip | Katie is rolling balls on the grass. One is large and heavy, the other is light and small. The ball that is smaller will have friction that is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Heavier objects also have more friction because they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10347 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "heavier",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heaviness"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "balls",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10037-3 | Katie is rubbing her hands on her leg. One hand rubs fast, the other hand rubs slow. The hand that will be warmer in the end is the one that moves | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, so they have more energy. This gives them a higher temperature, and they feel warmer. | QRSent-10037 | {
"effect_prop": "warm",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "warmer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "warmer",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "moves",
"more_effect_prop": "hand",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10011-3 | When Alec adds a resistor to the parallel circuit, there is | {
"text": [
"more resistance",
"less resistance."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a parallel circuit, the resistance decreases as more resistors are added in parallel. | QRSent-10011 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10258-1-flip | Which would experience a lower resistance from fluid friction while travelling through the ocean, | {
"text": [
"a 150,000 ton cargo ship",
"a 10 pound canoe?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "the fluid friction resisting its motion",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "the size of a moving object"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "canoe",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance from fluid friction",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance from fluid friction"
} |
QRQA-10129-3 | Mike is growing flowers, so he grows some large ones and some small ones. The amount of stored glucose in the cells of the larger plants, compared to the smaller ones will be | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As photosynthesis increases, the amount of stored glucose in the guard cells increases. | QRSent-10129 | {
"effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "photosynthesis"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "flower",
"more_effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"less_effect_prop": "stored glucose",
"less_cause_dir": "stored glucose"
} |
QRQA-10288-3-flip | An alkane with many carbon atoms should have a _____ boiling point. | {
"text": [
"high",
"low"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally have higher boiling and melting points. | QRSent-10288 | {
"effect_prop": "boiling point",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "higher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "carbon atoms in an Alkane"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_cause_dir": "boiling point"
} |
QRQA-10014-3-flip | John is in the hospital due to losing too much blood. When he loses blood, his blood pressure | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As blood volume in the body increases, blood pressure increases. | QRSent-10014 | {
"effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "blood volume in the body"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "blood",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10258-3-flip | When the truck is moving slower, there is _____ fluid friction. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "moving",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10114-5 | If Ben wants to see a far away star, he should use a telescope with a | {
"text": [
"smaller lens.",
"larger lens"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The larger a telescope's mirror or lens, the better it is at seeing narrowly separated objects as individual objects and the sharper the images look. | QRSent-10114 | {
"effect_prop": "vision",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "better",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "lens"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "far away",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "lens",
"more_effect_prop": "star",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10067-1-flip | Which two objects likely have the least gravitational force between them? | {
"text": [
"Earth and Neptune",
"Jupiter and Neptune"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the gravitational force of attraction between the Earth and Sun is stronger when the Earth is closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10067 | {
"effect_prop": "Distance between objects",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "Gravitational force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "gravitational force",
"more_effect_prop": "Earth and Neptune",
"less_effect_prop": "Jupiter and Neptune",
"less_cause_dir": "Jupiter and Neptune"
} |
QRQA-10188-5 | As we turn up the volume on a stereo that we are listening to the sound waves get | {
"text": [
"smaller",
"larger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As decibel levels get higher, sound waves have greater intensity and sounds are louder. | QRSent-10188 | {
"effect_prop": "sound intensity",
"cause_dir_str": "louder",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "loudness"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_cause_dir": "sound waves"
} |
QRQA-10282-3-flip | Rick has a flat magnifying glass while Jimmy has a curved convex lens. Who likely can't magnify the objects better? | {
"text": [
"Rick",
"Jimmy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more curved the convex lens is in a magnifying glass, the greater its ability to magnify objects. | QRSent-10282 | {
"effect_prop": "ability to magnify object",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curved the convex lens is"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "can't better",
"less_cause_prop": "magnifying glass",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "magnify the objects",
"less_cause_dir": "magnify the objects"
} |
QRQA-10350-5 | When we put more fire on a piece of food it will cook | {
"text": [
"slower",
"faster"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When the concentration of reactants is higher, the reaction rate is faster. | QRSent-10350 | {
"effect_prop": "time",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "reactants"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "cook faster",
"less_effect_dir": "cook slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "piece of food",
"less_effect_prop": "piece of food",
"less_cause_dir": "piece of food"
} |
QRQA-10373-3-flip | As milk heats up, it will evaporate | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the temperature of the liquid, the faster it will evaporate. | QRSent-10373 | {
"effect_prop": "faster evaporation",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature of a liquid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "evaporate",
"less_effect_prop": "evaporate",
"less_cause_dir": "evaporate"
} |
QRQA-10037-4-flip | If Milo starts rubbing two surfaces together quickly and then decrease the speed, what happens to the amount of energy produced? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, so they have more energy. This gives them a higher temperature, and they feel warmer. | QRSent-10037 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "rubbing surfaces"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "rubbing two surfaces together",
"more_effect_prop": "energy produced",
"less_effect_prop": "energy produced",
"less_cause_dir": "energy produced"
} |
QRQA-10347-1 | Katie is rolling balls on the grass. One is large and heavy, the other is light and small. The ball that is larger will have friction that is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"lesser"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Heavier objects also have more friction because they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10347 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "heavier",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "heaviness"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "balls",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10293-1 | As a planet moves closer to Earth, it will exert a _____ pull of gravity. | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Even though the Sun is much larger than the Moon, the pull of the Suns gravity is much less because the Sun is much farther away. | QRSent-10293 | {
"effect_prop": "pull of gravity",
"cause_dir_str": "farther",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance from Earth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "Higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "to Earth",
"more_effect_prop": "pull",
"less_effect_prop": "pull",
"less_cause_dir": "pull"
} |
QRQA-10071-5-flip | If Mona is measuring the frequency of photons and she notices that one photon has a higher frequency then another photon, which photon has less energy? | {
"text": [
"lower frequency photon",
"higher frequency photon"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the frequency is, the more energy a photon has. | QRSent-10071 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "frequency"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "frequency photon",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10214-2-flip | What would happen to the amount of carbon dioxide emitted if the amount of fossil fuels were increased? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The carbon taxes encourage people to use less fossil fuel, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions. | QRSent-10214 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "reduces",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "fossil fuel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of carbon dioxide emitted",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of carbon dioxide emitted",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of carbon dioxide emitted"
} |
QRQA-10169-1 | When seven nomads looking for water arrived at the oasis that was already occupied by four other people, was there | {
"text": [
"more water to share",
"less water to share?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The availability of water is projected to get worse as demand increases. | QRSent-10169 | {
"effect_prop": "availability of water",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "worse",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "demand for water"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more to share",
"less_effect_dir": "less to share",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10282-5 | When using a magnifying glass the more curved one will be | {
"text": [
"weaker",
"stronger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The more curved the convex lens is in a magnifying glass, the greater its ability to magnify objects. | QRSent-10282 | {
"effect_prop": "magnification",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curve"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "magnification",
"less_effect_prop": "magnification",
"less_cause_dir": "magnification"
} |
QRQA-10159-4 | Dr. Roberts noticed a decrease in the death rate. A(n) _____ chance of deadly disease likely contributed to this factor. | {
"text": [
"increased",
"decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | With better food and less chance of disease, the death rate fell. | QRSent-10159 | {
"effect_prop": "death rate",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "fell",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "chance of disease"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "chance of deadly disease",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "death rate",
"less_cause_dir": "death rate"
} |
QRQA-10339-1-flip | Johnny is playing with his father's binoculars. What would happen to the field of view if he decreased the magnification of the binoculars? | {
"text": [
"it would increase",
"it would decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | As the magnification increases, the field of view decreases. | QRSent-10339 | {
"effect_prop": "field of view",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "magnification",
"more_effect_prop": "field of view",
"less_effect_prop": "field of view",
"less_cause_dir": "field of view"
} |
QRQA-10304-5-flip | Jack is learning to play baseball, and wants the ball to go very slow. In order to do this, Jack will need to hit the ball | {
"text": [
"harder",
"softer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The will travel faster and farther if the batter hits it with more force. | QRSent-10304 | {
"effect_prop": "force",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "harder",
"less_effect_dir": "softer",
"less_cause_prop": "ball",
"more_effect_prop": "hit the ball",
"less_effect_prop": "hit the ball",
"less_cause_dir": "hit the ball"
} |
QRQA-10011-1-flip | Compared to a parallel circuit with forty resistors in parallel, would a parallel circuit with 20 resistors in parallel have a | {
"text": [
"lower resistance",
"higher resistance?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a parallel circuit, the resistance decreases as more resistors are added in parallel. | QRSent-10011 | {
"effect_prop": "the resistance of the parallel circuit",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "number of resistors added in parallel in a circuit"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "resistors",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10147-2 | Rich sees a blue star with his telescope. Tina sees a red star with his telescope. _____ sees the hotter star. | {
"text": [
"Rich",
"Tina"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | But, in stars, the bluer the star, the hotter it is, and the redder it is, the older and colder it is. | QRSent-10147 | {
"effect_prop": "hotter it is",
"cause_dir_str": "bluer",
"effect_dir_str": "hotter",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "bluer the star"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "hottest",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "star",
"more_effect_prop": "star",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10308-1-flip | A strengthening electromagnet indicates _____ current passing through the circuit breaker. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | If the current passing through the circuit breaker increases, the electromagnet becomes stronger. | QRSent-10308 | {
"effect_prop": "electromagnet strength",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "current passing through the circuit breaker"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "current passing through the circuit breaker",
"more_effect_prop": "electromagnet strength",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10220-4-flip | When an item is lighter and is gliding across something it will have | {
"text": [
"less friction",
"more friction"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Heavier objects press together with greater force, and this causes greater friction between them. | QRSent-10220 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "heavier",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "weight"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "item",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10282-4 | Micah wants to be able to read very small text, and needs to use a tool to do so. He looks at two magnifying glasses, and chooses the one with the lens that is | {
"text": [
"more curved",
"less curved"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The more curved the convex lens is in a magnifying glass, the greater its ability to magnify objects. | QRSent-10282 | {
"effect_prop": "ability to magnify",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "curved"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "read",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "curved",
"more_effect_prop": "small text",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10273-1 | As Dean was surveying the town, he noted that the more kids that the neighbors had, the population of the town went | {
"text": [
"down",
"up"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | With exponential growth, the population starts out growing slowly. As population size increases, the growth rate also increases. | QRSent-10273 | {
"effect_prop": "growth rate",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "population size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "population",
"more_effect_prop": "kids",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10091-2-flip | Dan needs to stay warm in the woods, and can bring one animal for body heat to sleep next to him. Given the choice between a horse and cat, Dan will get the least help in staying warm by choosing the | {
"text": [
"cat",
"horse"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Therefore, an object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass, even if their individual atoms are moving at the same speed. | QRSent-10091 | {
"effect_prop": "thermal energy",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "mass"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "colder",
"less_cause_prop": "cat",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "Dan",
"less_cause_dir": "Dan"
} |
QRQA-10045-3 | If Mona is comparing the weight of some particles of sand and she realizes that one particle is lighter then the other, will that particle diffuse faster or slower then the heavier one? | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The mass of the particles: lighter particles will diffuse faster, because on average they move faster. | QRSent-10045 | {
"effect_prop": "diffuse faster",
"cause_dir_str": "lighter",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "lighter particles"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "particle",
"more_effect_prop": "diffuse",
"less_effect_prop": "diffuse",
"less_cause_dir": "diffuse"
} |
QRQA-10114-4 | When are using a telescope we know that the larger the mirror is means that there is a | {
"text": [
"greater resolution",
"lower resolution"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The larger a telescope's mirror or lens, the better it is at seeing narrowly separated objects as individual objects and the sharper the images look. | QRSent-10114 | {
"effect_prop": "resolution",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "better",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "lens size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resolution",
"less_effect_prop": "resolution",
"less_cause_dir": "resolution"
} |
QRQA-10203-4 | John was viewing the statistics of the power plants energy usage. He noted that the less resources it used, that the resources would last | {
"text": [
"Longer",
"Shorter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Using less nonrenewable resources means that they will last longer. | QRSent-10203 | {
"effect_prop": "last",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "longer",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "resources"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "longer",
"less_effect_dir": "shorter",
"less_cause_prop": "resourses",
"more_effect_prop": "last",
"less_effect_prop": "last",
"less_cause_dir": "last"
} |
QRQA-10044-1 | If Jim is listening to music and he increases the energy to the speakers, what happens to the loudness of the sound coming out of the speakers? | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Amplified sound waves have more energy, which increases the intensity and loudness of the sounds, so they are easier to hear. | QRSent-10044 | {
"effect_prop": "loudness of the sounds",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "loudness of the sound",
"less_effect_prop": "loudness of the sound",
"less_cause_dir": "loudness of the sound"
} |
QRQA-10243-4-flip | When there are not a lot of people in one area they need | {
"text": [
"many resources",
"low resources"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | More people need more resources. | QRSent-10243 | {
"effect_prop": "resources",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "people"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "many",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "people in one area",
"more_effect_prop": "resources",
"less_effect_prop": "resources",
"less_cause_dir": "resources"
} |
QRQA-10074-5-flip | If we are able to recycle less things we have | {
"text": [
"more waste",
"less waste"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The advantage to biofuels is that they burn more cleanly than fossil fuels. As a result, they create less pollution and less carbon dioxide. | QRSent-10074 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "biofuels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10191-5-flip | Jan puts a gas into a huge container, and then the same amount of gas into a small container. The gas in the huge container has space to move that is | {
"text": [
"lesser",
"greater"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | When a gas is squeezed into a smaller volume, the particles have less space to move. | QRSent-10191 | {
"effect_prop": "space to move",
"cause_dir_str": "smaller",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "lesser",
"less_cause_prop": "container",
"more_effect_prop": "space to move",
"less_effect_prop": "space to move",
"less_cause_dir": "space to move"
} |
QRQA-10196-3 | Mary took a medication to lower blood pressure. What is likely happening to the blood volume in the vessels? | {
"text": [
"it decreases",
"it increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | This is because the lower blood volume in the vessels exerts less pressure on the vessel walls. | QRSent-10196 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure on the vessel walls",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "blood volume in the vessels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "blood volume",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_cause_dir": "blood pressure"
} |
QRQA-10236-4 | A highly efficient system will have _____ wasted energy than an inefficient one. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the wasted output energy, the less efficient the system. | QRSent-10236 | {
"effect_prop": "efficiency",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "wasted output energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "highly efficient",
"less_effect_dir": "inefficient",
"less_cause_prop": "wasted energy",
"more_effect_prop": "system",
"less_effect_prop": "system",
"less_cause_dir": "system"
} |
QRQA-10155-2 | Eric has bad lung problems living 20 miles from New York. If he moves _____ the city, his health may improve. | {
"text": [
"farther away from",
"closer to"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Certain respiratory conditions can be made worse in people who live closer to or in large cites. | QRSent-10155 | {
"effect_prop": "closer to large cities",
"cause_dir_str": "worse",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "respiratory conditions"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "closer to",
"less_effect_dir": "farther away from",
"less_cause_prop": "health",
"more_effect_prop": "the city",
"less_effect_prop": "the city",
"less_cause_dir": "the city"
} |
QRQA-10168-4-flip | Dina and Job are pushing carts down a hill to see who's will reach the bottom first. Both carts are identical. Dina pushes hard, and Job pushes softly. The cart that will reach the bottom of the hill last is | {
"text": [
"Dina's",
"Job's"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the force that is applied to an object of a given mass, the more the object will accelerate. | QRSent-10168 | {
"effect_prop": "object accelerates",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force applied"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "reach last",
"less_cause_prop": "push",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "bottom",
"less_cause_dir": "bottom"
} |
QRQA-10049-1-flip | An object with a rough surface will have _____ friction than an object with a smooth surface. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Friction is greater when objects have rougher surfaces or are heavier so they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10049 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "rougher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "roughness of an object's surface"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "surface",
"more_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_effect_prop": "friction",
"less_cause_dir": "friction"
} |
QRQA-10029-4-flip | In a village in Alaska they have watched the glaciers grow smaller which changes the sea level and makes it | {
"text": [
"fall",
"raise."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | An increase in glaciers lowers sea level and a decrease in glaciers raises sea level. | QRSent-10029 | {
"effect_prop": "sea level",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "lowers",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glaciers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "raise",
"less_effect_dir": "fall",
"less_cause_prop": "glaciers",
"more_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_effect_prop": "sea level",
"less_cause_dir": "sea level"
} |
QRQA-10267-4 | A small pool will lose _____ water than a large pool. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Leaves can have the following adaptations to reduce transpiration rate: Small or narrow leaves to reduce the surface area over which water vapour is lost | QRSent-10267 | {
"effect_prop": "vapour lost",
"cause_dir_str": "reduce",
"effect_dir_str": "lost",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "surface area"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "lose more",
"less_effect_dir": "lose less",
"less_cause_prop": "pool",
"more_effect_prop": "water",
"less_effect_prop": "water",
"less_cause_dir": "water"
} |
QRQA-10047-1-flip | Jim is comparing two rivers. One has a steep slope and one has a shallow slope. Will the shallow slope or the steep slope provide less water availability? | {
"text": [
"steep slope",
"shallow slope"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A gentle slope favours slower flow of surface water, reduces erosion, and increases availability of water to plants. | QRSent-10047 | {
"effect_prop": "availability of water",
"cause_dir_str": "gentle",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "slope"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "slope",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "water availability",
"less_cause_dir": "water availability"
} |
QRQA-10179-5-flip | The way that Mercator makes a map the countries farthest to the poles appear | {
"text": [
"larger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a Mercator projection, because Greenland is closer to the pole, the continents shape and size are greatly increased. | QRSent-10179 | {
"effect_prop": "size",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closeness to pole"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "from pole",
"more_effect_prop": "size",
"less_effect_prop": "size",
"less_cause_dir": "size"
} |
QRQA-10202-3-flip | If Milo is measuring the energy levels of electrons and he finds that a certain electron emits less energy than another, what does that say about that electron's distance from the nucleus? | {
"text": [
"farther",
"closer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Electrons at higher energy levels, which are farther from the nucleus, have more energy. | QRSent-10202 | {
"effect_prop": "farther from the nucleus",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy levels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "farther",
"less_effect_dir": "closer",
"less_cause_prop": "energy",
"more_effect_prop": "distance from the nucleus",
"less_effect_prop": "distance from the nucleus",
"less_cause_dir": "distance from the nucleus"
} |
QRQA-10292-2-flip | Micah wants a base that is stronger rather than weaker. The number of hydroxide ions that will be produced are therefore | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A stronger base produces more hydroxide ions than a weaker base. | QRSent-10292 | {
"effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "strong base"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "base",
"more_effect_prop": "hydroxide ions",
"less_effect_prop": "hy",
"less_cause_dir": "hy"
} |
QRQA-10049-4-flip | Karen is studying friction in school. She wonders, of her two twin friends Sara and Samantha, which is causing more friction with the floor. They have on different shoes. Sara is wearing smooth soled tap shoes, while Samantha is wearing much rougher soled work boots. Assuming their weight is the same and all other factors are constant, _____ is creating less friction with the ground. | {
"text": [
"Sara",
"Samantha"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Friction is greater when objects have rougher surfaces or are heavier so they press together with greater force. | QRSent-10049 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "rougher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "rougher surfaces"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "tap shoes",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "friction with the ground",
"less_cause_dir": "friction with the ground"
} |
QRQA-10159-4-flip | Dr. Roberts noticed a increase in the death rate. A(n) _____ chance of deadly disease likely contributed to this factor. | {
"text": [
"increased",
"decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | With better food and less chance of disease, the death rate fell. | QRSent-10159 | {
"effect_prop": "death rate",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "fell",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "chance of disease"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "chance of deadly disease",
"more_effect_prop": "death rate",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10288-2-flip | If an item has few carbon atoms its boiling point will be | {
"text": [
"low",
"high"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally have higher boiling and melting points. | QRSent-10288 | {
"effect_prop": "boiling point",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "higher",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "carbon atoms"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "carbon atoms",
"more_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_effect_prop": "boiling point",
"less_cause_dir": "boiling point"
} |
QRQA-10299-4 | If Milo is flying in a plane and he moves closer to the Sun, what happens to the temperature he feels? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The stratosphere gets most of its heat from the Sun. Therefore, its warmer closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10299 | {
"effect_prop": "warmer",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "warmer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closer to the Sun"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_effect_prop": "temperature",
"less_cause_dir": "temperature"
} |
QRQA-10078-1-flip | Chrissy let off on the gas pedal of her car and went | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. | QRSent-10078 | {
"effect_prop": "Acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Net force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "gas pedal",
"more_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_cause_dir": "acceleration"
} |
QRQA-10011-2 | What would happen to the reduce of Jim's parallel circuit if he added more resistors to it? | {
"text": [
"increased resistance",
"decreased resistance"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a parallel circuit, the resistance decreases as more resistors are added in parallel. | QRSent-10011 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors are added in parallel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10155-4-flip | If Milo has asthma and moves away from the city, what can happen to his asthma? | {
"text": [
"gets worse",
"gets better"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Certain respiratory conditions can be made worse in people who live closer to or in large cites. | QRSent-10155 | {
"effect_prop": "respiratory conditions",
"cause_dir_str": "large",
"effect_dir_str": "worse",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "large cites"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "gets worse",
"less_effect_dir": "gets better",
"less_cause_prop": "city",
"more_effect_prop": "asthma",
"less_effect_prop": "asthma",
"less_cause_dir": "asthma"
} |
QRQA-10373-2 | If Mona puts a pot of water onto the stove and it begins to heat up, what happens to the rate of evaporation of that water? | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The higher the temperature of the liquid, the faster it will evaporate. | QRSent-10373 | {
"effect_prop": "evaporate",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "temperature of the liquid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "rate of evaporation",
"less_effect_prop": "rate of evaporation",
"less_cause_dir": "rate of evaporation"
} |
QRQA-10103-3-flip | Dane is checking the pH of his project and sees that it is quite high, which means that the acid in his project is | {
"text": [
"higher",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Lower pH numbers are more acidic and higher numbers are less acidic (also called more alkaline). | QRSent-10103 | {
"effect_prop": "acidic",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pH numbers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "higher",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "acid",
"less_effect_prop": "acid",
"less_cause_dir": "acid"
} |
QRQA-10169-5 | When there are more people in an area the amount of water will | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The availability of water is projected to get worse as demand increases. | QRSent-10169 | {
"effect_prop": "water",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "worse",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "demand"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "amount of water",
"less_effect_prop": "amount of water",
"less_cause_dir": "amount of water"
} |
QRQA-10044-2-flip | Timmy turned down his speakers to soft volume, meaning the sound waves had _____ energy. | {
"text": [
"lower",
"higher"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Amplified sound waves have more energy, which increases the intensity and loudness of the sounds, so they are easier to hear. | QRSent-10044 | {
"effect_prop": "Loudness",
"cause_dir_str": "amplified",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Sound waves"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "louder",
"less_effect_dir": "softer",
"less_cause_prop": "speakers",
"more_effect_prop": "it",
"less_effect_prop": "it",
"less_cause_dir": "it"
} |
QRQA-10199-3 | John was watching the object slide across the table and other surfaces. He observed that the lower friction against it, and it will move | {
"text": [
"Faster",
"Slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The smoother the surface, the less friction against an object, so the faster it will move. | QRSent-10199 | {
"effect_prop": "fast",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "friction"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "friction",
"more_effect_prop": "object move",
"less_effect_prop": "object move",
"less_cause_dir": "object move"
} |
QRQA-10254-3-flip | Increasing plate tectonics indicates convection is | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Convection on early Earth was faster and so plate tectonics was faster. | QRSent-10254 | {
"effect_prop": "plate tectonic speed",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "convection on Earth"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increasing",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "convection",
"more_effect_prop": "plate tectonics",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10287-4 | If Mona is comparing the erosion rates of two rocks and she notices that granite is softer then marble, which rock will water erode faster? | {
"text": [
"granite",
"marble"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The water erodes the softer rock faster than the harder rock. | QRSent-10287 | {
"effect_prop": "water erodes",
"cause_dir_str": "softer",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "softer rock"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "erode faster",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "erosion rate",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10314-1-flip | Jacob was doing a science experiment in class and learned that when waves have less amplitudes, then they also have energy that is | {
"text": [
"greater",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Waves with greater amplitudes or shorter wavelengths have more energy. | QRSent-10314 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "amplitutes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "greater",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "amplitudes",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10234-1-flip | Wendy is 30 years old while Jefferson is 60 years old. Who is less susceptible to disease? | {
"text": [
"Wendy",
"Jefferson"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Many diseases become more common as people grow older. | QRSent-10234 | {
"effect_prop": "common diseases",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "more common",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "older people"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "",
"less_effect_dir": "less susceptible",
"less_cause_prop": "Wendy",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "disease",
"less_cause_dir": "disease"
} |
QRQA-10287-1 | Compared to a very soft stone like limestone, diamonds, which are the hardest stone, would | {
"text": [
"erode more slowly in water",
"erode more quickly in water?"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The water erodes the softer rock faster than the harder rock. | QRSent-10287 | {
"effect_prop": "rate at which water erodes the rock",
"cause_dir_str": "softer",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "hardness of a rock"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more quickly",
"less_effect_dir": "more slowly",
"less_cause_prop": "stone",
"more_effect_prop": "erode in water",
"less_effect_prop": "erode in water",
"less_cause_dir": "erode in water"
} |
QRQA-10047-4 | Katie has a garden and she installs a small waterfall. Since Katie sets the water to flow very slow and gentle over the sloping fall, the erosion at the bottom of the waterfall will be | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | A gentle slope favours slower flow of surface water, reduces erosion, and increases availability of water to plants. | QRSent-10047 | {
"effect_prop": "erosion",
"cause_dir_str": "slower",
"effect_dir_str": "reduces",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "flow"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "flow",
"more_effect_prop": "erosion at the bottom of the waterfall",
"less_effect_prop": "erosion at the bottom of the waterfall",
"less_cause_dir": "erosion at the bottom of the waterfall"
} |
QRQA-10308-4-flip | An electromagnet becoming weaker indicates _____ current passing through a circuit breaker. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | If the current passing through the circuit breaker increases, the electromagnet becomes stronger. | QRSent-10308 | {
"effect_prop": "electromagnet strength",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "current passing through a circuit breaker"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "current",
"more_effect_prop": "electromagnet",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10188-1-flip | Joe was experimenting with decibels. He tried listening to it at different levels and noticed that as the decibels decreased the sound waves were | {
"text": [
"more audible",
"less audible"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As decibel levels get higher, sound waves have greater intensity and sounds are louder. | QRSent-10188 | {
"effect_prop": "intensity and sounds are louder",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "decibel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more audible",
"less_effect_dir": "less audible",
"less_cause_prop": "decibels",
"more_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_effect_prop": "sound waves",
"less_cause_dir": "sound waves"
} |
QRQA-10234-4 | A man just turned 80 and is celebrating his Birthday. Compared to when the man was 20, he is now _____ likely to find out he has a disease/ | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Many diseases become more common as people grow older. | QRSent-10234 | {
"effect_prop": "diseases",
"cause_dir_str": "older",
"effect_dir_str": "more common",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "grow older"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more likely",
"less_effect_dir": "less likely",
"less_cause_prop": "man",
"more_effect_prop": "disease",
"less_effect_prop": "disease",
"less_cause_dir": "disease"
} |
QRQA-10029-2-flip | When glaciers don't freeze a lot of sea water what happens to the sea levels? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | An increase in glaciers lowers sea level and a decrease in glaciers raises sea level. | QRSent-10029 | {
"effect_prop": "sea level",
"cause_dir_str": "increase",
"effect_dir_str": "lowers",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "glaciers"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "glaciers",
"more_effect_prop": "sea levels",
"less_effect_prop": "sea levels",
"less_cause_dir": "sea levels"
} |
QRQA-10381-4-flip | Rita took away resistors from her parallel circuit. The overall resistance goes | {
"text": [
"up",
"down"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Increasing the number of resistors connected in parallel decreases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10381 | {
"effect_prop": "overall resistance of the circuit",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "number of resistors in parallel"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "up",
"less_effect_dir": "down",
"less_cause_prop": "resistors",
"more_effect_prop": "overall resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "overall resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "overall resistance"
} |
QRQA-10226-5-flip | A person that is moving slowly has what level of kinetic energy? | {
"text": [
"Low",
"High"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Anything that is moving has kinetic energy, and the faster it is moving, the more kinetic energy it has. | QRSent-10226 | {
"effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"cause_dir_str": "faster",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "speed"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "low",
"less_cause_prop": "moving",
"more_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_effect_prop": "kinetic energy",
"less_cause_dir": "kinetic energy"
} |
QRQA-10078-1 | Chrissy stomped on the gas pedal of her car and went | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The greater the net force acting on the object, the greater its acceleration will be, but the mass of the object also affects its acceleration. | QRSent-10078 | {
"effect_prop": "Acceleration",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Net force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_effect_prop": "acceleration",
"less_cause_dir": "acceleration"
} |
QRQA-10067-5 | As the Earth and sun rotate around each other, the force of gravity as the Earth moves away becomes | {
"text": [
"More",
"Less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This is because the gravitational force of attraction between the Earth and Sun is stronger when the Earth is closer to the Sun. | QRSent-10067 | {
"effect_prop": "distance",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "closer",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "moves away",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "gravity",
"more_effect_prop": "Earth and sun",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10214-3 | The government of Canada is considering implementing more carbon taxes across the country. If these taxes were implemented, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in the country would be expected to | {
"text": [
"fall",
"rise"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The carbon taxes encourage people to use less fossil fuel, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions. | QRSent-10214 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"cause_dir_str": "",
"effect_dir_str": "reduces",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "carbon taxes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "rise",
"less_effect_dir": "fall",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"less_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide emissions",
"less_cause_dir": "carbon dioxide emissions"
} |
QRQA-10223-4-flip | Rich decreased the pH value of a solution in the lab. The acid is now | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The lower the pH value is, the greater is the concentration of hydrogen ions and the stronger the acid. | QRSent-10223 | {
"effect_prop": "stronger the acid",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "stronger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "pH value of acid"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "pH value",
"more_effect_prop": "acid",
"less_effect_prop": "acid",
"less_cause_dir": "acid"
} |
QRQA-10258-2 | Alan is riding a bike. As he goes faster, the fluid friction resisting his motion | {
"text": [
"increases",
"decreases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting its motion",
"cause_dir_str": "faster or larger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "a moving object"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting his motion",
"less_effect_prop": "fluid friction resisting his motion",
"less_cause_dir": "fluid friction resisting his motion"
} |
QRQA-10304-3-flip | If Jimbo is throwing a basketball and he applies less force, what happens to the distance that the ball will travel? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The will travel faster and farther if the batter hits it with more force. | QRSent-10304 | {
"effect_prop": "travel",
"cause_dir_str": "more",
"effect_dir_str": "faster and farther",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "force"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "force",
"more_effect_prop": "travel",
"less_effect_prop": "travel",
"less_cause_dir": "travel"
} |
QRQA-10258-5-flip | Due to levels of friction which of these would be harder to push across the ground? | {
"text": [
"A 10 pound brick",
"A 1000 pound block"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The faster or larger a moving object is, the greater is the fluid friction resisting its motion. | QRSent-10258 | {
"effect_prop": "friction",
"cause_dir_str": "larger",
"effect_dir_str": "greater",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "size"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "harder to",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "brick",
"more_effect_prop": "push across the ground",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10095-3 | If Milo notices that his skin is becoming hot, what is happening to the diameter of his blood vessels? | {
"text": [
"increasing",
"decreasing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Increasing the diameter of the blood vessels increases the amount of blood and heat that moves near the skins surface. | QRSent-10095 | {
"effect_prop": "heat that moves near the skins surface",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "increases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "diameter of the blood vessels"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "becoming hot",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "diameter of blood vessels",
"more_effect_prop": "skin",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10196-1-flip | When Mike has high blood pressure, Mike knows that the volume of his blood is | {
"text": [
"low",
"high"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | This is because the lower blood volume in the vessels exerts less pressure on the vessel walls. | QRSent-10196 | {
"effect_prop": "pressure",
"cause_dir_str": "lower",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "blood volume"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "high",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "volume of his blood",
"more_effect_prop": "blood pressure",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10314-5-flip | If Jimbo notices that the amplitude of a wave has decreased, what can he say about the energy contained within that wave? | {
"text": [
"it has increased",
"it has decreased"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Waves with greater amplitudes or shorter wavelengths have more energy. | QRSent-10314 | {
"effect_prop": "energy",
"cause_dir_str": "greater",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "amplitudes"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increased",
"less_effect_dir": "decreased",
"less_cause_prop": "amplitude",
"more_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_effect_prop": "energy",
"less_cause_dir": "energy"
} |
QRQA-10250-4 | In Colorado, where water can be scarce, the snow in the mountains melts in the Spring. When there isn't very much snowfall in the winter does the water table | {
"text": [
"raise",
"lower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Drier climates generally have less water for people to use. | QRSent-10250 | {
"effect_prop": "water",
"cause_dir_str": "drier",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "drier climates"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "raise",
"less_effect_dir": "lower",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "water table",
"less_effect_prop": "water table",
"less_cause_dir": "water table"
} |
QRQA-10324-3 | If Mona is looking at objects in her microscope and she increases the magnification, what happens to her ability to see small objects through it? | {
"text": [
"decreases",
"increases"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | What this means is that at higher magnification, we are able to see objects of smaller and smaller size within our field of view. | QRSent-10324 | {
"effect_prop": "see objects of smaller and smaller size",
"cause_dir_str": "higher",
"effect_dir_str": "able",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increases",
"less_effect_dir": "decreases",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "small objects",
"less_effect_prop": "small objects",
"less_cause_dir": "small objects"
} |
QRQA-10381-1 | Josh is an electrician. If he adds a resistor to a circuit, the resistance in the circuit will become | {
"text": [
"stronger",
"weaker."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Increasing the number of resistors connected in parallel decreases the overall resistance of the circuit. | QRSent-10381 | {
"effect_prop": "resistance",
"cause_dir_str": "increasing",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "resistors"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "stronger",
"less_effect_dir": "weaker",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_effect_prop": "resistance",
"less_cause_dir": "resistance"
} |
QRQA-10074-1 | Carol is building a small rocket to test in her back yard and, after much consideration, decides to use a biofuel to power her rocket. She tells her friends it's because it will create _____ carbon dioxide than fossil fuels. | {
"text": [
"more",
"less"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | The advantage to biofuels is that they burn more cleanly than fossil fuels. As a result, they create less pollution and less carbon dioxide. | QRSent-10074 | {
"effect_prop": "carbon dioxide",
"cause_dir_str": "more cleanly",
"effect_dir_str": "less",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "burn more cleanly"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "more",
"less_effect_dir": "less",
"less_cause_prop": "biofuel",
"more_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide",
"less_effect_prop": "carbon dioxide",
"less_cause_dir": "carbon dioxide"
} |
QRQA-10292-1 | If Jim increases the size of his base, what will happen to the rate of hydroxide ion production? | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | A stronger base produces more hydroxide ions than a weaker base. | QRSent-10292 | {
"effect_prop": "hydroxide ion production",
"cause_dir_str": "stronger",
"effect_dir_str": "more",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "base"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increase",
"less_effect_dir": "decrease",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "hydroxide ion production",
"less_effect_prop": "hydroxide ion production",
"less_cause_dir": "hydroxide ion production"
} |
QRQA-10179-2 | Continents will have _____ sizes if Greenland is further from the North Pole than closer. | {
"text": [
"bigger",
"smaller"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | In a Mercator projection, because Greenland is closer to the pole, the continents shape and size are greatly increased. | QRSent-10179 | {
"effect_prop": "size of continents",
"cause_dir_str": "closer",
"effect_dir_str": "increased",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "closeness of Greenland is closer to the pole"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "bigger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "to the North Pole",
"more_effect_prop": "continent sizes",
"less_effect_prop": "continent sizes",
"less_cause_dir": "continent sizes"
} |
QRQA-10070-4 | As the plane climbed altitude, the passengers felt _____. | {
"text": [
"cooler",
"warmer"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | In the troposphere, temperatures decrease as altitude increases. | QRSent-10070 | {
"effect_prop": "Altitude",
"cause_dir_str": "decrease",
"effect_dir_str": "increase",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "Temperature"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "climbed",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "passengers felt",
"more_effect_prop": "altitude",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10339-2 | Increasing the field of view will cause magnification to | {
"text": [
"increase",
"decrease"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | As the magnification increases, the field of view decreases. | QRSent-10339 | {
"effect_prop": "field of view",
"cause_dir_str": "increases",
"effect_dir_str": "decreases",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "magnification"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "increasing",
"less_effect_dir": "",
"less_cause_prop": "magnification",
"more_effect_prop": "field of view",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10330-3-flip | Will removes electrons from a large atom. Heather removes electrons from a smaller atom. Whose atom needed more energy to remove electrons from? | {
"text": [
"Will",
"Heather"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | B | Less energy is also needed to remove electrons from larger atoms in the same group of the periodic table. | QRSent-10330 | {
"effect_prop": "larger atom to remove electrons",
"cause_dir_str": "less",
"effect_dir_str": "larger",
"cause_dir_sign": "LESS",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "energy"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "large",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "",
"more_effect_prop": "atom",
"less_effect_prop": "atom",
"less_cause_dir": "atom"
} |
QRQA-10137-2 | The arteries in the toes are _____ than the arteries in the heart. | {
"text": [
"smaller",
"larger"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | Further away from the heart, the aorta branches into smaller arteries, which eventually branch into capillaries. | QRSent-10137 | {
"effect_prop": "arteries",
"cause_dir_str": "further away",
"effect_dir_str": "smaller",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "LESS",
"cause_prop": "distance from the heart"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "larger",
"less_effect_dir": "smaller",
"less_cause_prop": "arteries",
"more_effect_prop": "",
"less_effect_prop": "",
"less_cause_dir": ""
} |
QRQA-10045-5 | Reid analyzes particle speed. The lightest particle he sees likely diffuses _____ than the heaviest particle. | {
"text": [
"faster",
"slower"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B"
]
} | A | The mass of the particles: lighter particles will diffuse faster, because on average they move faster. | QRSent-10045 | {
"effect_prop": "faster diffuse",
"cause_dir_str": "lighter",
"effect_dir_str": "faster",
"cause_dir_sign": "MORE",
"effect_dir_sign": "MORE",
"cause_prop": "lighter particles"
} | {
"more_effect_dir": "faster",
"less_effect_dir": "slower",
"less_cause_prop": "particle",
"more_effect_prop": "diffuses",
"less_effect_prop": "diffuses",
"less_cause_dir": "diffuses"
} |